Corning
Annual Report 2023

Plain-text annual report

Table of ContentsUNITED STATESSECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSIONWASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 Form 10-K ☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023OR☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the transition period from ___ to ___Commission file number: 1-3247 CORNING INCORPORATED(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)New York16-0393470(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) One Riverfront Plaza, Corning, New York14831(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)607-974-9000(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registeredCommon Stock, $0.50 par value per share GLW New York Stock Exchange3.875% Notes due 2026 GLW26 New York Stock Exchange4.125% Notes due 2031 GLW31 New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NoneIndicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes ☒ No ☐Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.Yes ☐ No ☒Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that theregistrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.Yes ☒ No ☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during thepreceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files.)Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “largeaccelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer☒Accelerated filer☐Non-accelerated filer☐Emerging growth company☐Smaller reporting company☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards providedpursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of theSarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error topreviously issued financial statements. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during therelevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes ☐ No ☒The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2023 was approximately $30 billion based on the New York Stock Exchange closing price on such date. There were 853,474,317 shares of common stock outstanding as of January 31, 2024. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for its May 2, 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III. 1Table of Contents PART I Corning Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries are hereinafter sometimes referred to as the “Company,” the “Registrant,” “Corning,” “we,” “our,” or “us.” This report contains forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. These statements relate to plans, objectives, expectations and estimates and may contain words such as “will,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “see,” “would,” “target,” “estimate,” “forecast,” or similar expressions. Actual results could differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements. Some of the factors that could contribute to these differences include those discussed under “Forward-Looking Statements,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and elsewhere in this report. Item 1. Business General Corning traces its origins to a glass business established in 1851. The present corporation was incorporated in the State of New York in December 1936. The Company’s name was changed from Corning Glass Works to Corning Incorporated on April 28, 1989. Corning is vital to progress – in the industries we help advance and in the world we share. For more than 170 years, Corning has combined its unparalleled expertise in glass science, ceramic science and optical physics with deep manufacturing and engineering capabilities to develop category-defining products that transform industries and enhance people’s lives. Our materials science and manufacturing expertise, boundless curiosity and commitment to purposeful invention place us at the center of the way the world works, learns and lives. In addition, our sustained investment in research, development and engineering capabilities means we are always ready to solve the toughest challenges alongside our customers. Our capabilities are versatile and synergistic, allowing Corning to evolve to meet changing market needs, while also helping customers capture new opportunities in dynamic industries. Today, Corning’s markets include optical communications, mobile consumer electronics, display, automotive, solar, semiconductor and life sciences. Corning’s industry-leading products include damage-resistant cover glass for mobile devices; precision glass for advanced displays; optical fiber and cable, wireless technologies and connectivity solutions for state-of-the-art communications networks; trusted products to accelerate drug discovery and delivery; and clean-air technologies for cars and trucks. Corning manufactures products at 124 plants in 15 countries and operates in five reportable segments: Optical Communications, Display Technologies, Specialty Materials, Environmental Technologies and Life Sciences. Optical Communications Segment We invented the world’s first low-loss optical fiber in 1970. Since that milestone, we have continued to pioneer optical fiber, cable and connectivity solutions. As global demand driven by video usage grows exponentially, telecommunications networks continue to migrate from copper to optical-based systems that can deliver the required cost-effective capacity. Our experience puts us in a unique position to design and deliver optical solutions that reach every edge of the communications network. The Optical Communications segment is divided into two main product groupings – carrier network and enterprise network. The carrier network group consists primarily of products and solutions for optical-based communications infrastructure for services such as video, data and voice communications. The enterprise network group consists primarily of optical-based communication networks sold to businesses, governments and individuals for their own use. 2 Table of Contents Our carrier network product portfolio encompasses an array of optical fiber products, including Vascade® optical fibers for use in submarine networks; LEAF® optical fiber for long-haul, regional and metropolitan networks; SMF-28® ULL and TXF® fiber for more scalable long-haul and regional networks; SMF-28e+™ single-mode optical fiber providing additional transmission wavelengths in metropolitan and access networks and ClearCurve® ultra-bendable single-mode fiber for use in multiple- dwelling units and fiber-to-the-home applications. For high performance across the range of long-haul, metro, access and fiber-to-the-home network applications, SMF- 28® Ultra and SMF-28® Contour fibers deliver industry-leading attenuation, compatibility and improved macrobend performance in one fiber. A portion of our optical fiber is sold directly to end users and third-party cablers globally. Our remaining fiber production is cabled internally and sold to end users as either bulk cable or as part of an integrated optical solution. Our cable products, including the RocketRibbon® and miniXtend® portfolios, support various outdoor, indoor/outdoor and indoor applications and include a broad range of loose tube, ribbon and drop cable designs with flame-retardant versions available for indoor and indoor/outdoor use including 5G networks. In addition to optical fiber and cable, our carrier network product portfolio also includes hardware and equipment products, including cable assemblies, fiber-optic hardware, fiber-optic connectors, optical components and couplers, closures, network interface devices and other accessories. These products may be sold as individual components or as part of integrated optical connectivity solutions designed for various carrier network applications. Examples of these solutions include our Evolv™ platform, which provides pre-connectorized solutions for cost-effectively deploying fiber-to-the-home and 5G networks; and the Centrix platform, which provides a fiber management system with industry-leading density and innovative jumper routing that can be deployed in a wide variety of carrier switching centers. In addition to our optical-based portfolio, our carrier network portfolio also contains select copper-based products including subscriber demarcation, connection and protection devices, xDSL (different variations of digital subscriber lines) passive solutions and outside plant enclosures. Our enterprise network portfolio leverages optical fiber products, including ClearCurve® ultra-bendable multimode fiber for private and hyperscale data centers and other enterprise network applications. Our hardware and equipment for enterprise network applications include cable assemblies, fiber-optic hardware, fiber-optic connectors, optical components and couplers, closures and other accessories. These products may be sold as individual components or as part of integrated optical connectivity solutions designed for various network applications, including hyperscale data centers. Examples of enterprise network solutions include the EDGE® platform, which provides high-density pre-connectorized cabling solutions for data center applications, supporting a path to speeds of 400G and beyond and Everon™ Network Solutions, which provide next- generation cellular connectivity products for interior spaces of all sizes. Our optical fiber manufacturing facilities are in North Carolina, China, India and Poland. Cabling operations are in North Carolina, Poland and smaller regional locations. Our manufacturing operations for hardware and equipment products are in Texas, Mexico, Brazil, Germany, Poland and China. Patent protection is important to the segment’s operations. The segment has an extensive portfolio of patents relating to its products, technologies and manufacturing processes. The segment licenses certain of its patents to third parties and generates revenue from these licenses, although the royalty income is not currently material to this segment’s operating results. We are licensed to use certain patents owned by others, which are considered important to the segment’s operations. Refer to the material under the heading “Patents and Trademarks” for more information. The Optical Communications segment represented 30% of Corning’s total segment net sales in 2023. Display Technologies Segment The Display Technologies segment manufactures glass substrates for flat panel displays, including liquid crystal displays (“LCDs”) and organic light-emitting diodes (“OLEDs”) that are used primarily in televisions, notebook computers, desktop monitors, tablets and handheld devices. This segment develops, manufactures and supplies high quality glass substrates using technology expertise and a proprietary fusion manufacturing process, which we invented and is the cornerstone of our technology leadership in the display glass industry. Our highly automated process yields glass substrates with a pristine surface and excellent thermal stability and dimensional uniformity – essential attributes in the production of large, high-performance display panels. Our fusion process is scalable and we believe it is the most cost-effective process for producing large size substrates. 3 Table of Contents We are recognized as a world leader in precision glass innovations that enable our customers to produce larger, thinner, more flexible and higher-resolution displays. Some of the product innovations we have launched over the past ten years utilizing our world-class processes and capabilities include the following: • • • • Corning® EAGLE XG® Slim Glass, Corning’s flagship display glass product enabling thinner televisions and monitors with larger-sized screens; it is trusted by the world’s leading panel makers for LCD displays with more than 30 billion square feet sold; Corning® Astra® Glass, an innovative glass solution designed to meet the emerging needs for high-resolution displays. This glass has been optimized for oxide thin-film transistor (“TFT”) backplanes, but enables a range of high-resolution applications from the top end of amorphous silicon (“s-Si”) TFT backplanes through low temperature poly-silicon (“LTPS”) backplanes, as well as other applications requiring precision glass; Corning® Lotus™ NXT Glass, a high-performance display glass designed to withstand the harshest panel manufacturing process enabling highest-resolution displays in smaller and flexible devices; and The world’s first Gen 10 and Gen 10.5 glass substrate sizes in support of improved efficiency in manufacturing large-sized displays. We have display glass manufacturing operations in China, South Korea, Japan and Taiwan, and service our glass customers in all regions, utilizing our manufacturing facilities throughout Asia. Patent protection and proprietary trade secrets are important to the Display Technologies segment’s operations. Refer to the material under the heading “Patents and Trademarks” for more information. The Display Technologies segment represented 26% of Corning’s total segment net sales in 2023. Specialty Materials Segment The Specialty Materials segment manufactures products that provide more than 150 material formulations for glass, glass ceramics and crystals, as well as precision metrology instruments and software to meet requirements for unique customer needs. Consequently, this segment operates in a wide variety of commercial and industrial markets including materials optimized for mobile consumer electronics, semiconductor equipment optics and consumables, aerospace and defense optics, radiation shielding products, sunglasses and telecommunications components. Our highly durable glass, known as Corning® Gorilla® Glass, is a chemically strengthened thin glass designed specifically to function as a cover, or back-enclosure glass, for mobile consumer electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops and smartwatches. Elegant and lightweight, Corning® Gorilla® Glass is durable enough to resist many real-world events that commonly cause wear or scratch damage and glass failure, while providing optical clarity, touch sensitivity and RF transparency, thus enabling exciting new applications in technology and design. In 2022, Corning unveiled its newest glass innovation, Corning® Gorilla® Glass Victus® 2, which delivers improved cover glass drop performance on rough surfaces like concrete, while preserving the scratch resistance of Corning® Gorilla® Glass Victus®. Corning® Gorilla® Glass is manufactured in the United States (“U.S.”), South Korea and Taiwan. We collaborated with Apple to deliver durable glass with infused color for the back of Apple's iPhone 15 and iPhone 15 Plus devices. These devices also feature Ceramic Shield, a highly transparent, color-free glass-ceramic, which offers unparalleled durability and toughness for smartphones. Our semiconductor optics include high-performance optical materials including Corning® HPFS® Fused Silica and Corning® ULE® Ultra-Low Expansion Glass, optical-based metrology instruments and custom optical assemblies for applications in the global semiconductor industry. Our semiconductor optics products are manufactured in New York. We also manufacture ultra-flat, ultra-thin glass wafers and substrates for a variety of applications including augmented reality, advanced semiconductor packaging, 3D sensing and more. These products are manufactured in New York, France and China. Other specialty glass products include tinted sunglasses and radiation shielding products that are made in France. Patent protection is important to the segment’s operations. The segment has a growing portfolio of patents relating to its products, technologies and manufacturing processes. Brand recognition and loyalty, through well-known trademarks, are important to the segment. Refer to the material under the heading “Patents and Trademarks” for more information. The Specialty Materials segment represented 14% of Corning’s total segment net sales in 2023. 4 Table of Contents Environmental Technologies Segment The Environmental Technologies segment manufactures ceramic substrates and filter products for emissions control in mobile applications around the world. In the early 1970s, we developed an economical, high-performance cellular ceramic substrate that is now the standard for catalytic converters in vehicles worldwide. As global emissions control regulations tighten, we have continued to develop more effective and durable ceramic substrate and filter products for gasoline and diesel applications, most recently launching low-mass Corning® FLORA® substrates and Corning® DuraTrap® GC gasoline particulate filters. We manufacture substrate and filter products in New York, Virginia, China and Germany. We sell our ceramic substrate and filter products worldwide to catalyzers and manufacturers of emission control systems who then sell to automotive and diesel vehicle or engine manufacturers. Although most sales are made to the emission control systems manufacturers, the use of our substrates and filters is generally required by the specifications of the automotive and diesel vehicle or engine manufacturers. Patent protection is important to the segment’s operations. The segment has an extensive portfolio of patents relating to its products, technologies and manufacturing processes. We are licensed to use certain patents owned by others, which are also considered important to the segment’s operations. Refer to the material under the heading “Patents and Trademarks” for more information. The Environmental Technologies segment represented 13% of Corning’s total segment net sales in 2023. Life Sciences Segment As a leading developer, manufacturer and global supplier of laboratory products for over 105 years, the Life Sciences segment works with researchers and drug manufacturers seeking to drive innovation, increase efficiencies, reduce costs and compress timelines. Using unique expertise in the fields of materials science, polymer surface science, cell culture and cell biology, the segment provides innovative solutions that improve productivity and enable breakthrough research for traditional small molecule, or chemical, drugs, biologics, vaccines and emerging cell and gene therapies. Life Sciences products include consumables, such as plastic vessels, liquid handling plastics, specialty surfaces, cell culture media and serum, as well as general labware, glassware and equipment. These products are used for drug discovery research and development, compound screening, diagnostics, advanced cell culture research, genomics applications and mass production of cells for clinical trials and bioproduction. We sell life sciences products under the Corning®, Falcon®, PYREX® and Axygen® brands. The products are marketed globally, primarily through distributors, to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, contract manufacturing organizations, central testing labs, academic institutions, hospitals, government entities and other facilities. We manufacture these products in California, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina, Utah, Virginia, China, France, Mexico, Brazil and Poland. Patent protection is important to the segment’s operations. The segment has a growing portfolio of patents relating to its products, technologies and manufacturing processes. Brand recognition and loyalty, through well-known trademarks, are important to the segment. Refer to the material under the heading “Patents and Trademarks” for more information. The Life Sciences segment represented 7% of Corning’s total segment net sales in 2023. Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses All other businesses that do not meet the quantitative threshold for separate reporting have been grouped as Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses. This group is primarily comprised of the results of Hemlock Semiconductor Group (“HSG”). HSG is a leading provider of high-purity polysilicon products for the solar power and electronics industries. HSG operates in the solar power market, as polysilicon is needed in the manufacturing process to produce sustainable solar power cell, panels and arrays, and the electronics markets, as polysilicon is used to create fabricated wafers and integrated circuit chips used by leading semiconductor manufacturers. Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses also includes our pharmaceutical technologies business, which produces high-quality pharmaceutical glass tubing and vials to meet the rigorous needs of the pharmaceutical industry; our automotive glass solutions business, which enhances vehicle exteriors and interiors with innovations that enable lightweight, damage-resistant windows and displays; as well as other businesses and certain corporate investments. Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses represented 10% of Corning’s total segment net sales in 2023. 5 Table of Contents Additional explanation regarding Corning and its five reportable segments, as well as financial information about geographic areas, is presented in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 17 (Reportable Segments) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. Competition We compete with many large and varied manufacturers, both domestic and foreign. Some of these competitors are larger than we are, and some have broader product lines. We strive to maintain and improve our market position through technology and product innovation. For the foreseeable future, our competitive advantage lies in our commitment to research and development, deep customer relationships, reliability of supply, product quality, superior customer service and technical specification of our products. There is no assurance that we will be able to maintain or improve our market position or competitive advantage. Optical Communications Segment We maintain a leadership position in the segment’s principal product groups, which include carrier and enterprise networks. The competitive landscape includes industry consolidation, pricing pressure and competition for the innovation of new products. These competitive conditions are likely to persist. Our large-scale manufacturing experience, fiber process, technology leadership and intellectual property provide cost advantages relative to several of our competitors. Our principal competitors include CommScope Holding Company, Inc. and Prysmian Group S.p.A. Display Technologies Segment We are the largest worldwide producer of glass substrates for flat panel displays. The environment for high-performance display glass substrate products is very competitive and we have maintained our competitive advantages by investing in new products, continually improving our proprietary fusion manufacturing process and providing a consistent and reliable supply of high-quality products. Our process allows us to deliver glass that is larger, thinner and lighter, with exceptional surface quality and without heavy metals. Our principal competitors include AGC Inc. and Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. Specialty Materials Segment We have deep capabilities in materials science, optical design, shaping, coating, finishing, metrology and optical system assembly. Our products and capabilities in this segment position us to meet the needs of a broad array of markets, including semiconductor, aerospace, defense, industrial, commercial and telecommunications. Our principal competitors include Schott AG, AGC Inc., Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. and Heraeus. Environmental Technologies Segment We maintain a strong position in the worldwide market for automotive ceramic substrate and filter products, as well as in the heavy-duty and light-duty diesel vehicle markets. Our competitive advantage in automotive ceramic substrate products for catalytic converters and filter products for particulate emissions in exhaust systems is based on an advantaged product portfolio, collaborative engineering design services, customer service and support, strategic global presence and continued product innovation. Our principal competitors include NGK Insulators, Ltd. and Ibiden Co., Ltd. Life Sciences Segment We seek to maintain a competitive advantage by emphasizing product quality, global distribution, supply chain efficiency, a broad product line, technical support and superior product attributes. Our principal competitors include Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Avantor, Inc., Greiner AG, Eppendorf SE, Sarstedt AG & Co. KG and Danaher Corporation. Corning also faces competition from large distributors that have pursued backward integration or introduced private label products. 6 Table of Contents Raw Materials Our manufacturing processes and products require access to uninterrupted power sources, significant quantities of industrial water, certain precious metals and various batch materials. Availability of resources, such as ores, minerals, polymers, lithium, helium and processed chemicals, required in our manufacturing operations appear to be adequate. From time to time, our suppliers may experience capacity limitations in their own operations or may eliminate certain product lines. We have adequate programs to ensure a reliable supply of raw and batch materials, as well as precious metals which are used in our production processes. For many of our materials, we have alternate suppliers that would allow operations to continue without interruption in the event of specific materials shortages. Certain key materials and proprietary equipment used in the manufacturing of products are currently sole-sourced or available only from a limited number of suppliers. To minimize this risk, we closely monitor raw materials and equipment with limited availability or sole-sourced suppliers. However, any future difficulty in obtaining sufficient and timely delivery, or inflationary pricing, of components and/or raw materials could result in lost revenue due to delays or reductions in product shipments, or reductions in gross margin. Patents and Trademarks Inventions by members of our research and engineering staff continue to be important to our growth. Patents have been granted on many of these inventions in the U.S. and other countries. Some of these patents have been licensed to other manufacturers. Many of our earlier patents have now expired, but we continue to seek and obtain patents protecting our innovations. In 2023, we were granted about 520 patents in the U.S. and over 1,510 patents in countries outside the U.S. Each business segment possesses a patent portfolio that provides certain competitive advantages in protecting our innovations. We have historically enforced, and will continue to enforce, our intellectual property rights. At the end of 2023, we owned about 12,975 unexpired patents in various countries, of which about 4,660 were U.S. patents. Between 2024 and 2026, approximately 730, or 6%, of these worldwide patents will expire, while at the same time we intend to seek patents protecting our newer innovations. Worldwide, we have about 8,370 patent applications in process, with about 2,130 in process in the U.S. Our patent portfolio will continue to provide a competitive advantage in protecting our innovations, although our competitors in each of our businesses are actively seeking patent protection as well. While each of our reportable segments has numerous patents in various countries, no one patent is considered material to any segment. Important issued patents in our reportable segments include the following: • • • • • Optical Communications: patents relating to (i) multimode and single mode optical fiber products including low-loss optical fiber, large effective area optical fiber and other high data rate optical fiber, and processes and equipment for manufacturing optical fiber, including methods for making optical fiber preforms and methods for drawing, cooling and winding optical fiber; (ii) optical fiber ribbons and methods for making such ribbon, indoor and outdoor fiber optic cable products and methods for making and installing optical fiber cable; (iii) optical fiber connectors and factory-terminated assemblies, hardware, termination and storage and associated methods of manufacture; and (iv) optical fiber and hybrid fiber-coax wireless communication systems. Display Technologies: patents relating to glass compositions and methods for the use and manufacture of glass substrates for display applications. Specialty Materials: patents relating to protective cover glass materials and coatings, ophthalmic glasses and polarizing dyes and semiconductor/microlithography optics and blanks, metrology instrumentation and laser/precision optics, glass polarizers, specialty fiber and refractories. Environmental Technologies: patents relating to cellular ceramic honeycomb products, together with ceramic batch and binder system compositions, honeycomb extrusion and firing processes, and honeycomb extrusion dies and equipment for the high-volume, low-cost manufacture of such products. Life Sciences: patents relating to methods and apparatus for the manufacture and use of scientific laboratory equipment including multiwell plates and cell culture products, as well as equipment and processes for cell and gene therapy research. 7 Table of Contents The following table presents the approximate number of patents granted to our reportable segments: Optical Communications Display Technologies Specialty Materials Environmental Technologies Life Sciences Number of patents worldwide U.S. patents Important U.S. patents expiring between 2024 and 2026 4,824 1,135 2,837 936 564 2,213 154 866 346 158 31 9 14 9 4 Many of our patents are used in operations or are licensed for use by others, and we are licensed to use patents owned by others. We have entered into cross-licensing arrangements with some major competitors, but the scope of such licenses has been limited to specific product areas or technologies. Our principal trademarks include the following: Axygen, Celcor, ClearCurve, Corning, DuraTrap, Eagle XG, Edge8, Everon, Evolv, Falcon, Gorilla, Guardiant, HPFS, Leaf, PYREX, RocketRibbon, SMF-28e, Steuben, UniCam, Valor, Velocity, Victus and Viridian. Protection of the Environment We have an extensive program to ensure that our facilities comply with state, federal and foreign pollution-control regulations. This program has resulted in capital and operating expenditures each year. To maintain compliance with such regulations, capital expenditures for pollution control in operations were approximately $21.8 million in 2023 and are estimated to be $20.1 million in 2024. Our 2023 consolidated operating results reflect approximately $69.6 million for depreciation, maintenance, waste disposal and other operating expenses associated with pollution control. Human Capital Management Overview At Corning, we are proud of the life-changing innovations we bring to the world. Our unparalleled expertise in our core technologies along with deep manufacturing and engineering capabilities require a talent strategy focused on attracting and retaining exceptional people, building a culture that enables innovation and collaboration and supporting long and successful careers. Each of our 49,800 full- and part-time employees in 44 countries make an important contribution, whether in one of our manufacturing or processing facilities, research labs, sales offices or other facilities. Approximately 60% of all employees are in production and maintenance roles and more than 60% of all employees are represented by a union, works council or other representative group. Values Corning is guided by an enduring set of Values that defines our relationship with employees, customers and our communities: Quality, Integrity, Performance, Leadership, Innovation, Independence and the Individual. Our Values are the key to our business success, a source of pride and excitement for our employees and the factor that ultimately sets us apart from our competitors. In short, we believe that how we do things is as important as what we do. We measure how we live our Values through our annual “Voice to Action” workplace culture survey. In 2023, we had an 85% response rate with survey participation worldwide. We use the results to pinpoint recurring global themes and develop plans to drive action based on employee feedback. Corning employees all contribute to the success of the Company by Living our Values—all seven, all the time, all around the world. Diversity, Equity and Inclusion We are focused on building globally diverse teams and creating an inclusive environment for all. Our global workforce is comprised of 64% men and 36% women. In all regions of the world, we are continuing to invest in building our talent pipeline of women through targeted recruitment efforts, mentoring and coaching programs, networking opportunities, personalized development plans and proactive career management. As a result of these efforts, we have made significant diversity gains within our leadership teams. Since 2013, gender and ethnic diversity among members of the Corporate Management Group, which includes approximately 240 of the Company’s top global leaders, increased from 30% to 51%; corporate officer diverse representation has increased from 23% to 42%. 8 Table of Contents In 2021, we achieved 100% pay equity for all salaried men and women in our worldwide operations, having achieved it in the U.S. since 2017. Our U.S. analysis also includes minority groups compared with white employees. We continue to monitor regularly and make adjustments where appropriate to maintain our global gender pay equity. The Office of Racial Equality and Social Unity (“ORESU”) extends our longstanding commitment to diversity, equity and inclusion at Corning into the communities in which our employees live and work. Since its creation in 2020, in addition to driving inclusive mindsets within Corning, the office leads the development and execution of programs that address racial inequalities and socioeconomic disparities in communities at the local, state and national levels. Our programs drive equity and help communities thrive by investing in education, economic growth and access to healthcare. Talent Management Each year we formally evaluate the talent implications of our strategic business plans and align our actions and objectives accordingly. As business needs change, we create human capital objectives to ensure we have the right people with the right skills in place to deliver that growth. Corning strives to attract and recruit diverse qualified candidates to maintain our culture of innovation and to foster creativity. We have created a strategic talent pipeline through internships, co-ops, rotational leadership programs and partnerships with various universities, including Historically Black Colleges & Universities. In addition, we collaborate with organizations such as the Society of Women Engineers, the Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers, National Society of Black Engineers and military veterans’ groups to introduce us to talented, diverse candidates. It is important to Corning that employees continue to grow and develop. We offer a variety of enterprise and on-demand developmental programs and experiences, targeted to all levels in the organization. We provide on-the-job learning experience, mentoring and career planning to ensure immediate application and lasting impact. Talent retention is an ongoing focus area which aligns with our strategy of encouraging and supporting longer-term careers with Corning. Historically, our salaried voluntary turnover has been consistently lower than the markets in which we compete for talent. Salaried talent retention in 2023 remained strong at 95%. At Corning, the health and safety of our workforce is always of paramount consideration. Our safety standards meet, and often exceed, local regulatory standards. Corning continued managing Total Recordable Incident Rate (“TRIR”) performance to world class levels with an annual TRIR of just 0.35 in 2023. Globally, we promote employee health and wellbeing through wellness programs which vary by region such as nutrition and fitness-related offerings, smoking cessation programs and smoke free campuses. Corning also promotes healthy behaviors with its employees including flu and COVID vaccinations and has introduced global programs emphasizing mental health and wellness programs. 9 Table of Contents Executive Officers of the Registrant Jaymin Amin Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer Dr. Amin joined Corning in 1997 as a senior research scientist. He held numerous operational roles within Photonics before joining Corning Specialty Materials in 2004. He led product and process development, product engineering and commercial technology for Gorilla Glass and later for Mobile Consumer Electronics. In 2020, Dr. Amin was appointed vice president and general manager, Corning Gorilla Glass, Mobile Consumer Electronics, and in June 2022 he was appointed senior vice president and chief technology officer. Age 55. John P. Bayne, Jr. Senior Vice President and General Manager, Mobile Consumer Electronics Mr. Bayne joined Corning in 1995 as the Fallbrook plant controller, and in 1997 became an international business controller in the Optical Fiber division. From 1999 to 2003 he held a variety of management positions in Photonic Technologies. In 2003 he joined Display Technologies and in 2006, he was named president, Display Technologies, China. In 2009 he became director of strategy, Display Technologies. In 2012 he was appointed vice president and general manager for High Performance Displays and in 2014 he assumed responsibility for the Advanced Glass Innovations group. In 2015 Mr. Bayne was named vice president and general manager of the Gorilla Glass business. He was appointed senior vice president and general manager of Mobile Consumer Electronics in April 2020. Age 57. Stefan Becker Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller Mr. Becker joined Corning in 2000 through Corning’s acquisition of Siemens Communication Cable Division. From 2001 to 2005, he held positions as manager, Planning and Analysis and later director of Finance, Corning Cable Systems. He joined the Display Technologies division in 2005 as U.S. Controller. In 2007 he was appointed CFO, Corning Display Technologies Taiwan. In 2009 he was named director of Finance, Corning Display Technologies (“CDT”) and in 2010 was appointed division controller, CDT. Between 2012 and 2015, he served as international division vice president, Finance, Corning Glass Technologies. Mr. Becker was appointed Corning’s operations controller in 2015 and senior vice president in 2019. In 2021 he was appointed senior vice president, Finance, and corporate controller and in February 2022 he was named principal accounting officer. Age 52. Michael A. Bell Senior Vice President and General Manager, Optical Communications Mr. Bell joined Corning in 1991 as a process engineer for the Telecommunications Cable Plant in Hickory, North Carolina. He has held a variety of positions in manufacturing and engineering. He was appointed to CCS Americas Cable Manufacturing Manager in 2004, which expanded to include hardware manufacturing in 2009. In 2012 he was appointed senior vice president and general manager, Optical Connectivity Solutions for Corning Optical Communications. He was appointed senior vice president and general manager, Optical Communications in 2020. Age 59. Martin J. Curran Executive Vice President and Innovation Officer Mr. Curran joined Corning in 1984 and has held a variety of roles in finance, manufacturing and marketing. He has served as senior vice president, general manager for Corning Cable Systems Hardware and Equipment Operations in the Americas, responsible for operations in Hickory, North Carolina; Keller, Texas; Reynosa, Mexico; Shanghai, China; and the Dominican Republic. In 2007, he was appointed senior vice president and general manager of Corning Optical Fiber. Mr. Curran was appointed executive vice president and innovation officer in 2012. Age 65. Jeffrey W. Evenson Executive Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer Dr. Evenson joined Corning in 2011 as senior vice president and operations chief of staff. In 2015, he was named chief strategy officer. He was appointed executive vice president in 2018. He oversees corporate strategy, corporate communications and advanced analytics. Prior to joining Corning, Dr. Evenson was a senior vice president with Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., LLC, where he served as a senior analyst. Before that, Dr. Evenson was a partner at McKinsey & Company, where he led technology and market assessment for early-stage technologies. Age 58. Li Fang Senior Vice President, Corning International and New Business Development, Solar Mr. Fang joined Corning International in 1997 as business development manager, China. In 1999 he transferred to the Environmental Products Division and became production manager of Corning Environmental Technologies’ (CET) China Plant - Corning (Shanghai) Company Ltd. In July 2004, he was appointed operations manager and in October 2004 he was appointed director of operations and plant manager of Corning (Shanghai) Company Ltd. In 2007, Mr. Fang was appointed vice president, Corning Display Technologies China, and director of commercial operations, government affairs and supply chain. In 2009 he was named president, Corning Display Technologies China. From 2012-2021 Mr. Fang served as president and general manager of Corning Greater China. In 2021 he was appointed as president and general manager, International, Corning Incorporated and in 2023 he was appointed senior vice president, Corning International and new business development, Solar. Age 61. 10 Table of Contents Jordana D. Kammerud Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer Ms. Kammerud joined Corning in 2023 with more than 20 years of experience leading progressive HR functions and has deep expertise in people, technology, and change on a global scale and across multiple industries. Prior to joining Corning, she served as executive vice president and chief human resources officer at Claire’s, where she was responsible for global human resources, as well as corporate strategy, and enterprise transformation management. Additionally, she led numerous technology, capability, and culture investments. Prior to that role, Ms. Kammerud served as senior vice president, chief human resources officer, at Core-Mark. She has also held human resources leadership positions with SC Johnson, American Express, and DaimlerChrysler. Age 47. Lawrence D. McRae Vice Chairman and Corporate Development Officer Mr. McRae joined Corning in 1985 and has held a broad range of leadership positions in finance, sales, marketing and general management across Corning’s businesses. In 1995 he was appointed vice president of Corning Consumer Products Company and president of Revere Ware Corporation. He then moved to Telecommunications Products, where he served as division vice president, Global Development, from 1996 to 2000. He was appointed vice president Corporate Development in 2000 and progressed through a series of senior leadership positions. Mr. McRae has led strategy and corporate development since 2010. He was named vice chairman in 2015 and corporate development officer in 2020. Mr. McRae retired on December 31, 2023 after 38 years of service. Age 65. Eric S. Musser President and Chief Operating Officer Mr. Musser joined Corning in 1986 and served in a variety of manufacturing and general management roles in Corning’s Optical Communications businesses. In 2005, he was named vice president and general manager of Optical Fiber. Mr. Musser served as general manager, Corning Greater China from 2007 to 2012 and president of Corning International from 2012 to 2014. In 2014, he was appointed executive vice president, Corning Technologies and International. In 2020, he was appointed president & chief operating officer. Age 64. Avery H. Nelson III Senior Vice President and General Manager, Automotive & Solar Mr. Nelson joined Corning in 1991 as shift supervisor at the Harrodsburg, Kentucky plant and subsequently served in progressive roles in Corning Display Technologies. In 2007, he joined CET as general manager, Corning (Shanghai) Company Limited. In 2009, he became general manager and regional director of China and India, CET. In 2010 he returned to the U.S. as program director, CET. In 2011, he assumed the role of business director, AAA Corning® Gorilla® Glass, New Business Development. Later that year, he was appointed division vice president, Heavy Duty Diesel (HDD). In 2013, he was appointed division vice president and business director. In 2014, Mr. Nelson was appointed vice president and general manager for Environmental Technologies and in 2018 he was named senior vice president and general manager, CET. In 2020 was appointed senior vice president and general manager, Automotive. He was appointed senior vice president and general manager, Automotive & Solar in 2023. Age 55. Edward A. Schlesinger Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Mr. Schlesinger joined Corning in 2013 as senior vice president and chief financial officer of Corning Optical Communications. He was appointed vice president and corporate controller in September 2015 and principal accounting officer in December 2015. He was named senior vice president in 2019. In February 2022, he was appointed executive vice president and chief financial officer. Prior to joining Corning, Mr. Schlesinger served as Vice President, Finance and Sector Chief Financial Officer for the Climate Solutions Sector for Ingersoll Rand. Mr. Schlesinger’s financial career spans more than 20 years, with extensive expertise in accounting, technical financial management and reporting. Age 56. Soumya Seetharam Senior Vice President and Chief Digital & Information Officer Ms. Seetharam joined Corning in November 2022 as senior vice president and chief digital & information officer. Prior to joining Corning, she was vice president and general manager IT at Intel Corporation. She also served as chief systems officer at Anadarko Petroleum Corporation and senior director of Global Project Management Office and Business Intelligence at Baker Hughes. She spent 14 years in various divisions at General Electric (GE), including positions as Client CIO – GE Oil & Gas, IT Leader, IT program manager and Six Sigma Black Belt. She brings deep experience in information technology, digital and systems transformation and risk governance to Corning. Age 48. Lewis A. Steverson Executive Vice President and Chief Legal & Administrative Officer Mr. Steverson joined Corning in 2013 as senior vice president and general counsel. In 2018 he was named executive vice president and general counsel. He was appointed chief legal & administrative officer in 2020. Prior to joining Corning, Mr. Steverson served as senior vice president, general counsel, and corporate secretary of Motorola Solutions, Inc. During his 18 years with Motorola, he held a variety of law leadership roles across the company’s numerous business units. Prior to Motorola, Mr. Steverson was in private practice at the law firm of Arnold & Porter. Age 60. 11 Table of Contents Ronald L. Verkleeren Senior Vice President and General Manager, Life Sciences Technologies Mr. Verkleeren joined Corning in 2001 in the Optical Communications segment. He joined the Life Sciences segment in 2004 and has held a variety of progressive roles in that segment. In 2010, he was named division vice president and director of Advanced Life Sciences. In 2012 he was named division vice president and program director for Corning Pharmaceutical Technologies. In 2015, Mr. Verkleeren became vice president and general manager of the Pharmaceutical Technologies division. He was appointed senior vice president & general manager, Life Sciences Technologies in 2020. Age 53. Wendell P. Weeks Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Mr. Weeks joined Corning in 1983 in the finance group. He has held a variety of financial, business development, commercial and general management roles. He was named vice president and general manager of the Optical Fiber business in 1996 and president of Corning’s Optical Communications division in 2001. He became Corning’s president and chief operation officer in 2002. Mr. Weeks has been a member of Corning’s Board of Directors since December 2000. He was named chief executive officer in 2005 and chairman of the board in 2007. Mr. Weeks is a director of Amazon.com, Inc. Age 64. John Z. Zhang Senior Vice President and General Manager, Display & Corning Asia Mr. Zhang joined Corning in 2008 as director, corporate development. In 2009, he was appointed director, corporate development Asia Pacific. In 2010, he further expanded his role to lead the strategy & corporate development organization of Corning International. In 2014, he was named deputy general manager, Corning Display Technologies. In 2015, Mr. Zhang was appointed senior vice president and general manager, Corning Display Technologies. In 2020, he was appointed senior vice president and general manager, Corning Display and was appointed as senior vice president and general manager, Display & Corning Asia in 2023. Age 51. Document Availability A copy of Corning’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) is available upon written request to Corporate Secretary, Corning Incorporated, One Riverfront Plaza, Corning, NY 14831. The Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and other filings are available as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed or furnished to the SEC, and can be accessed electronically free of charge at www.SEC.gov, or through the Investor Relations page on Corning’s website at www.corning.com. The information contained on the Company’s website is not included in, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Other Additional information in response to Item 1 is found in Note 17 (Reportable Segments) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 12 Table of Contents Item 1A. Risk Factors We operate globally in a rapidly changing economic, political and technological environment that present numerous risks. Our operations and financial results are subject to risks and uncertainties, including those described below, that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, our ability to successfully execute our strategy and the trading price of our common stock or debt. The following discussion identifies the most significant factors that may adversely affect the Company. This information should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) and the consolidated financial statements and related notes incorporated by reference into this report. The following discussion of risks is not all inclusive but is designed to highlight what we believe are important factors to consider, as these factors could cause our future results to differ from those in our forward-looking statements and from historical trends. Risks Related to Our Business Inflationary price pressures and uncertain availability of commodities, raw materials, utilities, labor or other inputs used by us and our suppliers, or instability in logistics and related costs, among other factors, could negatively impact our profitability Increases in the price of commodities, raw materials, utilities, labor or other inputs that we or our suppliers use in manufacturing and supplying products, components and parts, along with logistics and other related costs, may lead to higher production and shipping costs for our products, parts and components. Further, increasing global demand for, and uncertain supply of, such materials could disrupt our or our suppliers’ ability to obtain such materials in a timely manner to meet our supply needs and/or could lead to increased costs. Any increase in the cost of inputs to our production could lead to higher costs for our products and could negatively impact our operating results, future profitability and ability to successfully deliver on our strategy. Increasing our prices to our customers may cause certain of our customers to push out, cancel or refrain from purchasing our products, which could materially adversely impact demand for our products, and thereby also negatively impact our operating results, future profitability and ability to successfully deliver on our strategy. Factors such as supply chain disruptions, manufacturing interruptions or delays, or the failure to accurately forecast customer demand, could affect our ability to meet customer demand, lead to higher costs, or result in excess or obsolete inventory; if we are unable to obtain the necessary equipment, raw and batch materials, natural resources, utilities and other essentials required in our products or processes, our business will be negatively impacted Corning’s business relies on the timely supply of raw materials, precious metals, natural resources or utilities including energy and industrial water, equipment, parts and components, services and related products to meet the changing technical and volume requirements of its customers, which depends in part on the timely delivery of materials, equipment and services, from suppliers and contract manufacturers. Significant or sudden increases in demand for such materials, equipment and services, as well as delays in and unpredictability of shipments due to transportation interruptions, have resulted in, and may continue to result in, a shortage of materials, equipment and services needed to manufacture Corning’s products. Such shortages have adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, our suppliers’ ability to meet our demand requirements and Corning’s manufacturing operations and its ability to meet customer demand. Some key materials, equipment and services are subject to long lead-times or are available only from a single supplier or limited group of suppliers and we may not be able to find alternate sources in a timely manner. Volatility of demand for manufacturing equipment can increase capital, technical, operational and other risks for Corning and for companies throughout our supply chain, and may cause some suppliers to exit businesses, scale back or cease operations, which could impact our ability to meet customer demand and could have a material adverse effect on our business. 13   Table of Contents Corning may also experience significant interruptions of its manufacturing operations, delays in its ability to deliver products or services, increased costs or customer order cancellations as a result of: • • • • • • • The failure or inability to accurately forecast demand and obtain sufficient quantities of materials, equipment and services on a cost-effective basis; Volatility in the availability and cost of materials, equipment and services, including rising prices due to inflation or scarcity of availability; Difficulties or delays in obtaining required import or export approvals; Shipment delays due to transportation interruptions or capacity constraints; A worldwide shortage of semiconductor components or other issues; Information technology or infrastructure failures, including those of a third-party supplier or service provider; and Natural disasters, the impacts of climate change, or other events beyond Corning’s control (such as earthquakes, utility interruptions, tsunamis, hurricanes, typhoons, floods, storms or extreme weather conditions, fires, regional economic downturns, regional or global health crisis events, geopolitical turmoil, increased trade restrictions between the U.S. and China and other countries, social unrest, political instability, terrorism, or acts of war) in locations where it or its customers or suppliers have manufacturing, research, engineering or other operations. Health crisis events, such as epidemics or pandemics, have adversely impacted, and may continue to impact, the economy and disrupt our operations and supply chains, which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations Health crisis events, including epidemics or pandemics, such as COVID-19, have impacted and may further impact the economy and could have additional impacts on economic growth, supply chains, the proper functioning of financial and capital markets, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in authorities around the world implementing numerous unprecedented measures such as travel restrictions, quarantines, shelter in place orders, vaccine mandates and facility shutdowns. These measures have impacted our workforce, operations and supply chains, and those of our customers, contract manufacturers and suppliers, and may continue to have an impact particularly in the event of another significant global health crisis. There is considerable uncertainty regarding the duration, scope and severity of a health crisis event and the impacts on our business and the economy from the effects of such an event and response measures. Corning’s Display Technologies segment generates a significant amount of the Company’s profits and cash flow; any significant decrease in display glass pricing, volume or market share could have a material and negative impact on our financial results Corning’s ability to generate profits and operating cash flow depends largely on the profitability of our display glass business, which is subject to pricing pressure, exchange rate movements, industry competition, potential over-capacity, development of new technologies and operational and regulatory risks. If we are not able to achieve proportionate reductions in costs and/or increases in volume or price to offset the aforementioned factors, it could have a material adverse impact on our financial results. Because we have a concentrated customer base, future sales and cash flows could be negatively impacted by the actions or loss of one or more key customers A relatively small number of end customers account for a high percentage of our net sales. This concentration subjects us to a variety of risks including: The loss or insolvency of one or more of our key customers, could result in a substantial loss of sales and reduction in anticipated cash flows; Customers may possess substantial leverage in negotiating contractual obligations, including liability provisions; and • • • Mergers and consolidations between customers could result in further concentration of the customer base. 14 Table of Contents The following table details the number of combined customers of our reportable segments that accounted for a large percentage of segment net sales: Optical Communications Display Technologies Specialty Materials Environmental Technologies Life Sciences Number of combined end customers % of total segment net sales in 2023 2 3 2 3 2 21% 44% 44% 68% 41% Events outside of Corning’s control, or those of our contract manufacturers, could cause a disruption to our manufacturing operations and our ability to serve our customers, resulting in a negative impact to Corning’s net sales, net income, asset values and liquidity Disruption to our manufacturing operations, or those of our contract manufacturers, could significantly impact Corning’s ability to supply its customers and could produce a near-term severe impact on our individual business units and the Company. Given the geographical concentration of certain of the Company’s and our contract manufacturers’ plants in Asia Pacific, the highly engineered nature of the facilities and the globally dispersed talent required to run these facilities, any event that adversely affects or restricts movement into or out of a specific geographic area where we, our contract manufacturers, suppliers, or customers have a presence, could adversely impact our results. Due to the specialized nature of our products and single-site manufacturing locations, in the event such a location experiences disruption, it may not be possible to find replacement capacity or substitute production from other facilities. We may experience difficulties in enforcing our intellectual property rights, which could result in loss of market share and decreased sales and profits, and we may be subject to claims of infringement of the intellectual property rights of others We rely on patent and trade secret laws, copyright, trademark, confidentiality procedures, controls and contractual commitments to protect our intellectual property rights. Despite our efforts, these protections may be limited and we may encounter difficulties in protecting our intellectual property rights or obtaining rights to additional intellectual property necessary to permit us to continue or expand our businesses. We cannot provide assurance that the patents we hold or may obtain will provide meaningful protection against our competitors. Changes in or enforcement of laws concerning intellectual property may affect our ability to prevent or address the misappropriation of, or the unauthorized use of, our intellectual property, potentially resulting in loss of market share. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights. Litigation is inherently uncertain and outcomes are unpredictable. If we cannot protect our intellectual property rights against unauthorized copying or use, or other misappropriation, we may not remain competitive. The intellectual property rights of others could inhibit our ability to introduce new products. Other companies hold patents on technologies used in our industries and are aggressively seeking to expand, enforce and license their patent portfolios. We periodically receive notices from, or have lawsuits filed against us, by third parties claiming infringement, misappropriation or other misuse of their intellectual property rights and/or breach of our agreements with them. These third parties often include entities that do not have the capabilities to design, manufacture, or distribute products or entities that acquire intellectual property, including patents, for the sole purpose of monetizing their acquired intellectual property through asserting claims of infringement and misuse. Such claims of infringement or misappropriation may result in loss of revenue, substantial costs, or lead to monetary damages or injunctive relief against us. Information technology dependency and cybersecurity vulnerabilities could lead to reduced revenue, liability claims, competitive or reputational harm, and result in material adverse effects on our operations and financial results The Company is dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure (“IT systems”) owned and operated by the Company or managed by third-party service providers, suppliers and contract manufacturers. IT systems enable us to conduct, monitor and/or protect our business, operations, systems, data and other assets. In the ordinary course of our business, we and our providers collect, process, transmit and store sensitive data, including intellectual property, our proprietary information and that of our customers, suppliers and business partners, as well as personally identifiable information. Intrusion into a supplier or contract manufacturer system not integrated with a Corning IT system could result in service disruption and/or loss of financial control. 15   Table of Contents Our IT systems, and those of our providers, may be vulnerable to compromise or disruption due to human error or malfeasance, outdated applications, computer viruses or malware (e.g., ransomware), natural disasters, unauthorized access, cyber-attacks and other similar incidents and disruptions. Inadequate account security or organizational security practices may also result in unauthorized access. Increased work-from-home, at both the Company and our providers, presents additional operational risk. Companies that provide utilities, water, transportation, natural gas and other resources and services across our supply chain, are critical to our manufacturing operations and are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. From time to time, both we and certain of our providers, have been subject to cyberattacks and security incidents. We may be unable to anticipate, detect, prevent or remediate future attacks, particularly as attackers are becoming more sophisticated in their ability to circumvent controls and remove forensic evidence. Any significant disruption, breakdown, intrusion, interruption or corruption, data breach, or compromise to the accessibility, security or integrity of our or our providers’ IT systems, or the misappropriation or disclosure of any confidential, proprietary or personally identifiable information, could result in the loss of data or intellectual property, equipment or systems damage, downtime, safety related issues and could have a material adverse effect on our business, including by harming our competitive position and reputation, disrupting our manufacturing, reducing the value of our investment in research and development and other strategic initiatives, impairing our ability to access suppliers, contract manufacturers, customers and cloud-based services, subjecting us to litigation or regulatory investigations or fines, increasing the costs of compliance and remediation, or otherwise adversely affecting our business.  We may be required to invest significant additional resources to comply with evolving cybersecurity regulations and to modify and enhance our IT systems, information security and controls, and to investigate and remediate any security vulnerabilities. Any losses, costs or liabilities may not be covered by, or may exceed the coverage limits of, any, or all, of our applicable insurance policies. We may not earn a positive return from our research, development and engineering investments Developing our products through our innovation model of research and development is costly and often involves a long investment cycle. We make significant investments in research, development and engineering that may not earn an economic return. If our investments do not provide a pipeline of products or technologies that our customers demand or lower our manufacturing costs, or if our products or technologies become obsolete or disrupted by emerging technologies, it could negatively impact our revenue and operating margins for both near- and long-term. Our innovation model depends on our ability to attract and retain specialized expertise Our innovation model requires us to employ highly specialized experts in glass science, ceramic science and optical physics to conduct our research and development and engineer our products and design our manufacturing facilities. The loss of the services of any member of our key research and development or engineering team without adequate replacement, or the inability to attract new qualified personnel, could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial performance. We are subject to strict environmental regulations and regulatory changes that could result in fines or restrictions that interrupt our operations Some of our manufacturing processes generate chemical waste, wastewater, other industrial waste or greenhouse gases, and we are subject to numerous laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, discharge and disposal of such substances. We have installed anti-pollution equipment for the treatment of chemical waste and wastewater at our facilities. We have taken steps to control and reduce the amount of greenhouse gases created by our manufacturing operations. However, we cannot provide assurance that environmental claims will not be brought against us or that government regulators will not take steps to adopt more stringent environmental standards. Any failure on our part to comply with any present or future environmental regulations could result in the assessment of damages or imposition of fines against us, or the suspension/cessation of production or operations. In addition, environmental regulations could require us to acquire costly equipment, incur other significant compliance expenses or limit or restrict production or operations and thus materially and negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations. Changes in regulations and the regulatory environment in the U.S. and the many other countries in which we operate, such as those resulting from the regulation and impact of climate change, CO2 abatement and emission reduction targets, may affect our businesses and results in adverse ways by, among other things, substantially increasing manufacturing costs, limiting availability of scarce resources, especially energy, or requiring limitations on production or sales of our products or those of our customers. 16 Table of Contents General Risk Factors We may have additional tax liabilities We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and many foreign jurisdictions and are commonly audited by various tax authorities. There are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax treatment is uncertain. Judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the final determination of tax, assessments, audits and any related litigation could be materially different from our historical income tax provisions and accruals, or result in the forfeiture of funds deposited with the relevant government authorities. The results of an audit or litigation could have a material effect on our financial statements in the period or periods for which such a determination is made. The U.S., other countries and international organizations, such as Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, may change their laws or issue new international tax standards that may also impact our taxes. As a global company, we face many risks which could adversely impact our operations and financial results We are a global company and derive a substantial portion of our revenue from, and have significant operations, outside of the U.S. Our international operations include manufacturing, assembly, sales, research and development, customer support and shared administrative service centers. Additionally, we rely on a global supply chain for key components and capabilities that are central to our ability to invent, make and sell products. Compliance with multiple legal and regulatory requirements increases our costs. We are subject to both U.S. laws and the local laws where we operate which, among other things, include data privacy requirements, employment and labor laws, tax laws, anti-competition regulations, prohibitions on payments to governmental officials, import and trade restrictions and export requirements. Non-compliance or violations could result in fines, criminal sanctions against us, our officers or employees, and prohibitions on the conduct of our business. Such violations could result in prohibitions on our ability to offer our products and services in one or more countries and could also materially damage our reputation, our brand, our international expansion efforts, our ability to attract and retain employees, our businesses and operating results. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to anticipate and manage these risks. Corning is exposed to risks associated with an uncertain, recessionary and inflationary global economy Uncertain or adverse economic and business conditions, including uncertainties and volatility in the financial markets, national debt, fiscal or monetary concerns, availability of government incentives, inflation and rising interest rates in various regions, could materially adversely impact Corning’s operating results. Markets for our products depend largely on business and consumer spending and demand for network capacity, electronics and automotive products. Uncertain or adverse economic and recessionary business conditions, among other factors, that could result in decreases in consumer spending and demand, or cause us to pass on increased costs to our customers, may cause certain of our customers to push out, cancel or refrain from purchasing our products, which could materially adversely impact demand for our products and our operating results. Similarly, changes that result in sudden increases in consumer demand for electronic products have resulted in, and may continue to result in, a shortage of parts and materials needed to manufacture our products or the products in which our products are used. Such shortages, as well as shipment delays due to transportation interruptions, have adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, our ability to meet our demand requirements. Uncertain economic and industry conditions also make it more challenging for Corning to forecast its operating results, make business decisions and identify and prioritize the risks that may affect its businesses, sources and uses of cash, financial condition and results of operations. If Corning does not appropriately manage its business operations in response to changing economic and industry conditions, it could have a significant negative impact on its business performance and financial condition. Even during periods of economic uncertainty or lower revenues, Corning must continue to invest in research and development and maintain a global business infrastructure to compete effectively and support its customers, which can have a negative impact on its operating margins and earnings. 17 Table of Contents We are also subject to a variety of other risks in managing a global organization, including those related to: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • The economic and political conditions in each country or region and relationships among countries; Complex regulatory requirements affecting international trade and investment, including anti-dumping laws, export controls, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and local laws prohibiting improper payments. Our operations may be adversely affected by changes in the substance or enforcement of these regulatory requirements, and by actual or alleged violations of them; Fluctuations in currency exchange rates, convertibility of currencies and restrictions involving the movement of funds between jurisdictions and countries; Governmental protectionist policies and sovereign and political risks that may adversely affect Corning’s profitability and assets; Tariffs, trade duties and other trade barriers including anti-dumping and countervailing duties; Geographical concentration of our factories and operations, and regional shifts in our customer base; Health crisis events, including epidemic or pandemic concerns; Political unrest, geopolitical tensions, confiscation or expropriation of assets by foreign governments, terrorism and the potential for other hostilities; Difficulty in protecting intellectual property, sensitive commercial and operations data and information technology systems; Differing legal systems, including protection and treatment of intellectual property and patents; Complex, changing or competing tax regimes; Difficulty in collecting obligations owed to us; Natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, tsunamis and windstorms; and Potential loss of utilities or other disruptions affecting manufacturing. We have significant exposure to foreign currency movements A large portion of our sales, profit and cash flows are transacted in non-U.S. dollar currencies, primarily the Japanese yen, South Korean won, New Taiwan dollar, Chinese yuan and euro. The Company expects to continue to experience fluctuations in the U.S. dollar value of these activities if it is not possible, cost-effective or should we not elect to hedge certain currency exposure. Additionally, gains or losses may be experienced if the underlying exposure which has been hedged increases or decreases significantly. The ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to currency fluctuations will generally depend on the size and type of cross-currency exposure that we have, the changes in exchange rates associated with those exposures, whether we have entered into foreign currency contracts to offset these exposures and other factors. These factors could materially impact our results of operations, anticipated future results, financial position and cash flows. We may have significant exposure to counterparties of our related derivatives portfolio We maintain a significant portfolio of over-the-counter derivatives to hedge our projected currency exposure. We are exposed to potential losses in the event of non- performance by our counterparties to these derivative contracts. Any failure of a counterparty to pay on such a contract when due could materially impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. Current or future litigation or regulatory investigations may harm our financial condition or results of operations As a global technology and manufacturing company, we are engaged in various litigations and regulatory matters. Litigation and regulatory proceedings may be uncertain, and adverse rulings could occur, resulting in significant liabilities, penalties or damages. Any such substantial legal liability or regulatory action could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and reputation. 18 Table of Contents Our business is subject to various governmental regulations, and compliance with these regulations may cause us to incur significant expense. If we fail to maintain compliance with applicable regulations, we may be forced to cease the manufacture and distribution of certain products, and we could be subject to administrative proceedings and civil or criminal penalties Our products and operations are also subject to regulation by U.S. and non‐U.S. regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Federal Trade Commission. From time to time, we may also be involved or required to participate in regulatory investigations or inquiries, into certain of our contracting and business practices, which may evolve into legal or other administrative proceedings. Growing public concern over concentration of economic power in corporations is likely to result in increased anti‐competition legislation, regulation, administrative rule making and enforcement activity. Involvement in regulatory investigations or inquiries, can be costly, lengthy, complex and time consuming, diverting the attention and energies of our management and technical personnel. If any pending or future governmental investigations result in an unfavorable resolution, we could be required to cease the manufacture and sale of the subject products or technology, pay fines or disgorge profits or other payments and/or cease certain conduct and/or modify our contracting or business practices, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may be obligated to indemnify our current or former directors or employees, or former directors or employees of companies that we have acquired, in connection with regulatory investigations. These liabilities could be substantial and may include, among other things, the cost of government, law enforcement or regulatory investigations and civil or criminal fines and penalties. Our global operations are subject to extensive trade and anti-corruption laws and regulations Due to the international scope of our operations, we are subject to a complex system of import- and export-related laws and regulations, including U.S. regulations issued by Customs and Border Protection, the Bureau of Industry and Security, the Office of Anti-boycott Compliance, the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls and the Office of Foreign Assets Control, as well as the counterparts of these agencies in other countries. Any alleged or actual violation by an employee or the Company may subject us to government scrutiny, investigation and civil and criminal penalties, and may limit our ability to import or export our products or to provide services outside the U.S. We cannot predict the nature, scope or effect of future regulatory requirements to which our operations might be subject to, based on the way existing laws might be administered or interpreted. In addition, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar foreign anti-corruption laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments or providing anything of value to improperly influence foreign government officials to obtain or retain business or obtain an unfair advantage. Recent years have seen a substantial increase in the global enforcement of anti-corruption laws. Our continued operation and expansion outside the U.S., including in developing countries, could increase the risk of alleged violations. Violations of these laws may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions, could disrupt our business, and result in an adverse effect on our reputation, business and results of operations or financial condition. Moreover, several of our key customers are domiciled in areas of the world with laws, rules and business practices that may notably differ from those in the U.S., and we face the reputational and legal risk that our related partners may violate applicable laws, rules and business practices. International trade policies may negatively impact our ability to sell and manufacture our products outside of the U.S. Government policies on international trade and investment such as import quotas, tariffs and capital controls, whether adopted by individual governments or addressed by regional trade blocs, can affect the demand for our products and services, impact the competitive position of our products or prevent us, our equity affiliates or joint ventures, from being able to sell and manufacture products in certain countries. The implementation of more restrictive trade policies, such as higher tariffs or new barriers to entry, together with anti-dumping claims, duties, slowed regulatory approvals and other restrictions, in countries in which we import raw materials and components or sell large quantities of products and services could negatively impact our business, results of operations and financial condition. For example, a country’s adoption of nationalistic policies or retaliation by another government against such policies could have a negative impact on our results of operations. Further, these actions in conjunction with any trade tensions may restrict us from participating in a specific market or may prevent us from competing effectively. 19 Table of Contents Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None. Item 1C. Cybersecurity Cybersecurity Risk Management We developed and implemented a cybersecurity risk management program intended to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our critical information technology (“IT”) systems and information. Our cybersecurity risk management program is integrated into our overall enterprise risk management program, and shares common methodologies, incident reporting channels and governance processes that apply across the enterprise risk management program to other legal, compliance, strategic, operational and financial risk areas. We designed and continue to assess our cybersecurity program based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework (“NIST CSF”), which we use as a guide to help us identify, prioritize and manage the cybersecurity risks that could materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Our cybersecurity risk management program includes a cybersecurity incident response plan (“CIRP”). Corning’s CIRP provides the Company with the capability for responding, reporting and remediating cybersecurity incidents. It has been established to reduce or minimize the impact of cybersecurity incidents on the Company’s networks, IT systems, users or business processes. Corning’s Cyber Security Incident Response Team, led by the Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”), handles the response process for all cybersecurity incidents and Corning’s Corporate Crisis Response Team (“CCRT”) is mobilized and involved in any significant incidents. Our cybersecurity risk management program also includes: ● a continuous vulnerability management process to monitor and identify threats in our environment, including our IT networks and legacy systems, that could potentially have a materially adverse impact on our critical systems, information and broader enterprise IT environment; ● the use of reputable cybersecurity consultants and other third-party experts to enhance our cybersecurity posture, assist us in evaluating risks, conduct security assessments and provide guidance so the Company can maintain a posture of continual enhancement of our cybersecurity management and strategy; ● cybersecurity awareness training for our employees, incident response personnel and senior management; and ● a risk management process for critical third-party service providers, suppliers and vendors that includes due diligence in selection and periodic monitoring to ensure that they adhere to applicable cybersecurity standards. Cybersecurity Governance Corning’s Board of Directors (“Board”) plays a role in overseeing risks associated with cybersecurity threats. In particular, the IT Committee of the Board is responsible for cybersecurity governance and has information security oversight as a key component of its charter. In all meetings, the IT Committee reviews the Company’s cybersecurity posture as well as significant cybersecurity events. Corning’s Chief Digital and Information Officer (“CDIO”), in combination with Corning’s CISO, briefs the IT Committee on cybersecurity activities and long-term cybersecurity strategies, as well as general cybersecurity trends that could have a material impact on the Company. On an annual basis, the CISO provides a cybersecurity update to the Board and participates in a joint meeting of the IT and Audit Committees to review significant cybersecurity risks and their impact, if any, on internal controls. At any time, Board members may raise concerns regarding the Company’s cybersecurity posture and recommend future changes to controls or procedures. Should a cybersecurity incident rise to the level of a corporate crisis, consistent with the Company’s CCRT escalation protocols, the Board would be engaged. Our CDIO and our CISO lead our management team in assessing and managing our response to cybersecurity threats and incidents. Our CDIO and CISO together have over 50 years of combined experience in information technology, digital and systems transformation, cybersecurity and related risk management and governance. This team has primary responsibility for our overall cybersecurity risk management program and supervises both our internal cybersecurity personnel and our retained external cybersecurity consultants, and works with all divisional, manufacturing and functional teams within Corning on cybersecurity issues. The team’s efforts to prevent, detect, mitigate and remediate cybersecurity risks and incidents are enhanced by briefings from internal security personnel, by receipt of threat intelligence and other information obtained from governmental, public or private sources, including external consultants engaged by us, periodic assessments against the NIST CSF and through alerts and reports produced by security tools deployed in our IT environment. 20 Table of Contents While Corning has had to address various cybersecurity threats in the ordinary course of its business, we have not identified risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. Item 2. Properties We operate 124 manufacturing plants and processing facilities in 15 countries, of which approximately 33% are in the U.S. We own approximately 53% of our executive and corporate buildings, with 93% located in and around Corning, New York. We also own approximately 63% of our sales and administrative office square footage, 80% of our research and development square footage, 60% of our manufacturing square footage and 8% of our warehousing square footage. Manufacturing, sales and administrative, research and development facilities and warehouse facilities have an aggregate floor space of approximately 65.5 million square feet. The following table presents the distribution of this total area: (million square feet) Manufacturing Sales and administrative Research and development Warehouse Total Total Domestic Foreign 55.8 2.4 3.9 3.4 65.5 22.5 1.8 1.9 2.6 28.8 33.3 0.6 2.0 0.8 36.7 Total assets and capital expenditures by reportable segment are included in Note 17 (Reportable Segments) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. Information concerning lease commitments is included in Note 5 (Leases) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. Item 3. Legal Proceedings Corning is a defendant in various lawsuits and is subject to various claims that arise in the normal course of business, the most significant of which are summarized in Note 12 (Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, the likelihood that the ultimate disposition of these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, liquidity, or results of operations, is remote. Environmental Litigation Corning has been designated by federal or state governments under environmental laws, including Superfund, as a potentially responsible party that may be liable for cleanup costs associated with 19 hazardous waste sites. It is Corning’s policy to accrue for its estimated liability related to such hazardous waste sites and other environmental liabilities related to property owned by Corning based on expert analysis and continual monitoring by both internal and external consultants. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Corning had accrued approximately $88 million and $109 million, respectively, for the estimated undiscounted liability for environmental cleanup and related litigation. Based upon the information developed to date, management believes that the accrued reserve is a reasonable estimate of the Company’s liability. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure Not applicable. 21 Table of Contents PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (a) Corning Incorporated common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. In addition, it is traded on the Boston, Midwest and Philadelphia stock exchanges. Common stock options are traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange. The NYSE ticker symbol for Corning Incorporated is “GLW”. As of December 31, 2023, there were approximately 11,000 registered holders of common stock and approximately 777,000 beneficial shareholders. Information with respect to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans is included herein under Item 12. Performance Graph The following graph illustrates the cumulative total shareholder return over the last five years of Corning’s common stock compared with the cumulative total return of companies on the Standard & Poor's (“S&P’s”) 500 Stock Index and the S&P Communications Equipment companies. This graph assumes the investment of $100 on December 31, 2018 and the reinvestment of all dividends since that date. 22 Table of Contents (b) Not applicable. (c) The following table provides information about purchases of common stock during the fourth quarter of 2023: Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Execution date October 1-31, 2023 November 1-30, 2023 December 1-31, 2023 Total Approximate dollar value of shares that may be purchased under the publicly announced programs Number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced programs Total number of shares purchased (1) Average price paid per share (2) 78,098 $ 11,783 $ 35,216 $ 125,097 $ 29.94 26.70 29.02 29.38 — — — — $ 3,301,085,426 (1) This column reflects: (i) 94,437 shares of common stock related to the vesting of employee restricted stock; (ii) 29,894 shares of common stock related to the vesting of employee restricted stock units; and (iii) 766 shares of common stock related to the vesting of employee performance stock units. (2) Represents the stock price at the time of surrender. Item 6. [Reserved] 23 Table of Contents Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) was prepared to provide a historical and prospective narrative on our financial condition and results of operations through the eyes of management and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to those financial statements. The discussion and analysis of the 2022 to 2021 year-over-year changes are not included herein and can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Our MD&A is organized as follows: • • • • • • • • • Overview Results of Operations Segment Analysis Core Performance Measures Liquidity and Capital Resources Environment Critical Accounting Estimates New Accounting Standards Forward-Looking Statements OVERVIEW Corning is vital to progress – in the industries we help advance and in the world we share. For more than 170 years, Corning has combined its unparalleled expertise in glass science, ceramic science and optical physics with deep manufacturing and engineering capabilities to develop category-defining products that transform industries and enhance people’s lives. Our materials science and manufacturing expertise, boundless curiosity and commitment to purposeful invention place us at the center of the way the world works, learns and lives. In addition, our sustained investment in research, development and engineering capabilities means we are always ready to solve the toughest challenges – alongside our customers. Our capabilities are versatile and synergistic, allowing Corning to evolve to meet changing market needs, while also helping customers capture new opportunities in dynamic industries. Corning strives to be a catalyst for positive change and to help move the world forward. The Company drives profitable multiyear growth by inventing, making and selling life-changing products – all of which is based on a set of vital capabilities that are increasingly relevant to profound transformations that touch many facets of daily life. Today, Corning's markets include optical communications, mobile consumer electronics, display, automotive, solar, semiconductor and life sciences. At the start of 2023, we introduced plans to improve profitability and cash flow. Throughout the year, we took action to restore our productivity ratios to historical levels and to raise price to more appropriately share inflation with our customers. Our results demonstrated that we continue to make solid progress advancing market leadership, strengthening our profitability, and improving our cash flow generation even in the lower-demand environment that we are experiencing. Although demand in most of our markets is temporarily depressed due to supply chain corrections and macroeconomic factors, we are entering 2024 operationally strong and we remain confident that key industry growth drivers are intact: specifically, wireless, broadband, 5G, cloud computing and advanced artificial intelligence in Optical communications, increased screen sizes in Display Technologies, tighter emission regulations that drive more and better filtration in Environmental Technologies and the need for more and more advanced cover materials in Mobile Consumer Electronics. Additionally, we have built competitively-advantaged positions in the markets in which we participate and we believe we are the technology leader, as well as the lowest-cost producer, in those markets. Therefore, as we expect our markets to normalize in the midterm, we believe we are well-positioned with the production capacity and technical capabilities necessary to capture this growth opportunity and deliver powerful incremental profit and cash to our shareholders. 2024 Corporate Outlook We expect core net sales of approximately $3.1 billion for the first quarter of 2024. 24 Table of Contents RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following table presents selected highlights from our operations (in millions): Net sales Cost of sales Gross margin Gross margin % Selling, general and administrative expenses as a % of net sales Research, development and engineering expenses as a % of net sales Translated earnings contract gain, net Income before income taxes Provision for income taxes Effective tax rate Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated Comprehensive income attributable to Corning Incorporated Net Sales Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 % change 23 vs. 22 12,588 $ 14,189 8,657 $ 3,931 $ 31% 1,843 $ 15% 1,076 $ 9% 161 $ 816 $ (168) $ 20.6% 581 $ 363 $ 9,683 4,506 32% 1,898 13% 1,047 7% 351 1,797 (411) 22.9% 1,316 661 (11%) (11%) (13%) (3%) 3% (54%) (55%) 59% (56%) (45%) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2023 decreased by $1.6 billion, or 11%, when compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily driven by a decline in segment sales for Optical Communications of $1.0 billion, Life Sciences of $0.3 billion and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses of $0.2 billion, partially offset by an increase in segment sales for Environmental Technologies of $0.2 billion. Refer to the “Segment Analysis” section of our MD&A below for a discussion of net sales by segment. In 2023 and 2022, sales in international markets accounted for 67% and 65% of total net sales, respectively. Cost of Sales / Gross Margin The types of expenses included in cost of sales are: raw materials consumption, including direct and indirect materials; salaries, wages and benefits; depreciation and amortization; production utilities; production-related purchasing; warehousing (including receiving and inspection); repairs and maintenance; inter-location inventory transfer costs; production and warehousing facility property insurance; rent for production facilities; freight and logistics costs; and other production overhead. Gross margin decreased by $575 million, or 13% and gross margin as a percentage of net sales decreased by 1 percentage point when compared to 2022. The decrease in gross margin is primarily driven by the decrease in net sales, as discussed above. Throughout 2023, actions were taken by management to improve profitability, including raising prices, restoring our productivity levels and normalizing inventory levels, which has resulted in improvements in gross margin as a percentage of net sales throughout the year despite the decline in sales. 25 Table of Contents Selling, General and Administrative Expenses The types of expenses included in selling, general and administrative expenses are: salaries, wages and benefits; share-based compensation expense; travel; sales commissions; professional fees; and depreciation and amortization, utilities and rent for administrative facilities. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $55 million, or 3%, and increased as a percentage of net sales when compared to 2022, primarily due to the decline in net sales. Research, Development and Engineering Expenses Research, development and engineering expenses increased by $29 million, or 3%, and increased as a percentage of net sales when compared to 2022, primarily due to the decline in net sales. Translated earnings contract gain, net Included in translated earnings contract gain, net, is the impact of foreign currency contracts which economically hedge the translation exposure arising from movements in the Japanese yen, South Korean won, New Taiwan dollar, euro, Chinese yuan and British pound and its impact on net income. The following table provides detailed information on the impact of translated earnings contract gain, net (in millions): Income before tax Net income Income before tax Net income Income before tax Net income Hedges related to translated earnings: Realized gain, net (1) (2) Unrealized (loss) gain, net (3) $ Total translated earnings contract gain, net $ 2023 247 $ (86) 161 $ 198 $ (68) 130 $ 2022 320 $ 31 351 $ 245 $ 24 269 $ 2023 vs. 2022 (73) $ (117) (190) $ (47) (92) (139) (1) For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, amount includes pre-tax realized losses of $68 million and pre-tax realized gains of $20 million, respectively, related to the expiration of option contracts. These amounts were reflected within operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. (2) For the year ended December 31, 2023, amount excludes $11 million gain related to a forward contract designated as a net investment hedge, which was reflected within investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. (3) The impact to income for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was primarily driven by Japanese yen, South Korean won and euro-denominated hedges of translated earnings. Income Before Income Taxes Corning’s income before income taxes decreased by $981 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, when compared to the same period in 2022, which is primarily driven by a $575 million decline in gross margin, as discussed above, and $190 million less in translated earnings contract gain, net. Provision for Income Taxes For the year ended December 31, 2023, the effective tax rate differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax credits generated, non-taxable items, foreign derived intangible income and stock compensation windfall deductions, partially offset by changes in valuation allowance assessments, non-deductible items and tax reserves. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the effective tax rate differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to changes in tax reserves, foreign earnings and valuation allowance assessments, partially offset by changes in tax credits generated and foreign derived intangible income. 26 Table of Contents The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2023 decreased compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 primarily due to changes in pretax earnings, non-taxable items and tax reserves, partially offset by changes in valuation allowance assessments, non-deductible items and foreign derived intangible income. Refer to Note 6 (Income Taxes) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for further details regarding income tax matters. The U.S. enacted the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) in August 2022, which, among other sections, creates a new book minimum tax of at least 15% of consolidated pre-tax income for corporations with average book income in excess of $1 billion. The IRA also provides credit incentives to taxpayers based on the type and amount of manufacturing activity performed. None of the provisions within the IRA are expected to have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flow. In December 2022, the European Union (“EU”) Member States formally adopted the EU Pillar Two Framework (“Pillar Two Framework”), which generally provides for a 15% global minimum effective tax rate, based on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. Certain countries have enacted this tax law change, with an effective date starting January 1, 2024 and January 1, 2025, for certain aspects of the directive. The Company continues to evaluate the potential impact of the Pillar Two Framework, but we do not currently believe it will have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flow. Net Income Attributable to Corning Incorporated As a result of the items discussed above, net income attributable to Corning Incorporated and per share data were as follows (in millions, except per share amounts): Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated Basic earnings per common share Diluted earnings per common share Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted Comprehensive Income attributable to Corning Incorporated $ $ $ Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 581 $ 0.69 $ 0.68 $ 848 859 1,316 1.56 1.54 843 857 The $298 million decrease in comprehensive income attributable to Corning Incorporated was primarily due to the $738 million decrease in net income partially offset by a $549 million improvement in net losses on foreign currency translation adjustments, driven by the Japanese yen, Chinese yuan, South Korean won and euro. 27 Table of Contents SEGMENT ANALYSIS Financial results for the reportable segments and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses are prepared on a basis consistent with the internal disaggregation of financial information to assist the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in making internal operating decisions, which is more fully discussed within Note 17 (Reportable Segments) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. Segment net income may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. The following table presents segment net sales by reportable segment and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses (in millions): Optical Communications Display Technologies Specialty Materials Environmental Technologies Life Sciences Net sales of reportable segments Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Net sales of reportable segments and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses (1) $ $ 4,012 $ 3,532 1,865 1,766 959 12,134 1,446 13,580 $ 5,023 $ 3,306 2,002 1,584 1,228 13,143 1,662 14,805 $ (1,011) 226 (137) 182 (269) (1,009) (216) (1,225) (20)% 7% (7)% 11% (22)% (8)% (13)% (8)% Year ended December 31, 2022 2023 $ change 23 vs. 22 % change 23 vs. 22 (1) Refer to Note 17 (Reportable Segments) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for the reconciliation to consolidated net sales. Optical Communications The decrease in segment net sales was primarily driven by a decline in volume due to lower order rates from carriers as they continue to draw down inventory. Display Technologies The increase in segment net sales was primarily due to higher volumes, primarily attributable to the recovery of panel maker utilization, as well as a result of price increases in the second half of 2023. Specialty Materials The decrease in segment net sales was primarily due to lower demand in the smartphone, tablet and notebook markets, partially offset by continued demand for semiconductor materials. Environmental Technologies The increase in segment net sales was primarily due to increased demand of automotive products, including gasoline particulate filter adoption in China. Life Sciences The decrease in segment net sales was primarily due to lower demand for COVID-related products in China and the impact of customers in North America and Europe drawing down inventory. Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in our HSG business due to declines in solar-grade polysilicon prices and lower sales in our Pharmaceutical Technologies business as the last of the volume commitments for COVID-related products were completed in the second quarter. 28 Table of Contents The following table presents segment net income by reportable segment and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses (in millions): Optical Communications Display Technologies Specialty Materials Environmental Technologies Life Sciences Net income of reportable segments Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Net income of reportable segments and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses (1) $ $ 478 $ 842 202 386 50 1,958 15 1,973 $ 661 $ 769 340 292 153 2,215 39 2,254 $ (183) 73 (138) 94 (103) (257) (24) (281) (28)% 9% (41)% 32% (67)% (12)% (62)% (12)% Year ended December 31, 2022 2023 $ change 23 vs. 22 % change 23 vs. 22 (1) Refer to Note 17 (Reportable Segments) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for the reconciliation to consolidated net income. Optical Communications The decrease in segment net income was primarily driven by a decline in sales volume, as outlined above, partially offset by improvements from pricing and productivity actions. Display Technologies The increase in segment net income was primarily driven by the increase in sales, as outlined above, and improved profitability which includes price increases in the second half of 2023. Specialty Materials The decrease in segment net income was primarily driven by the decline in sales volume, as outlined above, and the inflationary impact on raw materials. Environmental Technologies The increase in segment net income was primarily driven by the increase in sales, as outlined above, and as a result of improvements from productivity actions. Life Sciences The decrease in segment net income was primarily driven by lower sales volume, as outlined above. Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses The decrease was primarily driven by our HSG and Pharmaceutical Technologies businesses due to lower sales, as outlined above. 29 Table of Contents CORE PERFORMANCE MEASURES In managing the Company and assessing our financial performance, we adjust certain measures included in our consolidated financial statements to exclude specific items to arrive at our core performance measures. These items include the impact of translating the Japanese yen-denominated debt, the impact of the translated earnings contracts, acquisition-related costs, certain discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments, restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits, certain litigation, regulatory and other legal matters, pension mark-to-market adjustments and other items which do not reflect the ongoing operating results of the Company. In addition, because a significant portion of our revenues and expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, management believes it is important to understand the impact on sales and net income of translating these currencies into U.S. dollars. Therefore, management utilizes constant-currency reporting for the Display Technologies, Specialty Materials, Environmental Technologies and Life Sciences segments to exclude the impact from the Japanese yen, South Korean won, Chinese yuan, New Taiwan dollar and euro, as applicable to the segment. The most significant constant-currency adjustment relates to the Japanese yen exposure within the Display Technologies segment. The constant-currency rates established for our core performance measures are internally derived long-term management estimates, which are closely aligned with our hedging instrument rates. These hedging instruments may include, but are not limited to, foreign exchange forward or option contracts and foreign-denominated debt. For details of the rates used, please see the footnotes to the “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures” section. We believe that the use of constant-currency reporting allows management to understand our results without the volatility of currency fluctuations, analyze underlying trends in the businesses and establish operational goals and forecasts. Core performance measures are not prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). We provide investors with these non-GAAP measures to evaluate our results as we believe they are indicative of our core operating performance and provide greater transparency to how management evaluates our results and trends and makes financial and operational decisions. These measures are not, and should not be viewed as a substitute for, GAAP reporting measures. With respect to the outlook for future periods, it is not possible to provide reconciliations for these non-GAAP measures because management does not forecast the movement of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar, or other items that do not reflect ongoing operations, nor does it forecast items that have not yet occurred or are out of management's control. As a result, management is unable to provide outlook information on a GAAP basis. For a reconciliation of non-GAAP performance measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, please see “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures.” Results of Operations – Core Performance Measures The following table presents selected highlights from our operations, excluding certain items, (in millions, except per share amounts): Core net sales Core net income Core earnings per share Core Net Sales Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 % change 23 vs. 22 $ $ $ 13,580 $ 1,463 $ 1.70 $ 14,805 1,794 2.09 (8)% (18)% (19)% For the year ended December 31, 2023, we generated core net sales of $13.6 billion compared to core net sales for the year ended December 31, 2022 of $14.8 billion. The decrease in core net sales of $1.2 billion was primarily driven by lower reportable segment net sales in Optical Communications of $1.0 billion and Life Sciences of $0.3 billion. Net sales of reportable segment and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses are discussed in detail in the “Segment Analysis” section of our MD&A. 30 Table of Contents Core Net Income For the year ended December 31, 2023, we generated core net income of $1.5 billion, or $1.70 per share, compared to core net income generated for the year ended December 31, 2022 of $1.8 billion, or $2.09 per share. The decrease in core net income of $331 million was driven by lower reportable segment net income in Optical Communications of $183 million, Specialty Materials of $138 million and Life Sciences of $103 million, offset by an increase in Environmental Technologies of $94 million and Display Technologies of $73 million. Net income of reportable segment and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses are discussed in detail in the “Segment Analysis” section of our MD&A. Core Earnings per Share Core earnings per share decreased for the year ended December 31, 2023 to $1.70 per share, as a result of the decrease in core net income, as outlined above. The following table sets forth the computation of core earnings per share (in millions, except per share amounts): Core net income Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic Effect of dilutive securities: Stock options and other awards Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted Core earnings per share RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ 1,463 $ 1,794 848 11 859 1.70 $ 843 14 857 2.09 $ We utilize certain financial measures and key performance indicators that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP to assess our financial and operating performance. A non-GAAP financial measure is defined as a numerical measure of a company’s financial performance that (i) excludes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding amounts, that are included in the comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the consolidated statements of income or statements of cash flows, or (ii) includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of including amounts, that are excluded from the comparable measure as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the consolidated statements of income or statements of cash flows. Core net sales, core net income and core earnings per share are non-GAAP financial measures utilized by our management to analyze financial performance without the impact of items that are driven by general economic conditions and events that do not reflect the underlying fundamentals and trends in our operations. See “Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures” for the descriptions of the footnoted reconciling items. 31 Table of Contents The following tables reconcile our non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure (amounts in millions, except percentages and per share amounts): As reported - GAAP Constant-currency adjustment (1) Translation gain on Japanese yen-denominated debt (2) Translated earnings contract gain (3) Acquisition-related costs (4) Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments (5) Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6) Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters (7) Pension mark-to-market adjustment (8) Gain on investments (9) Gain on sale of assets (10) Core performance measures Year ended December 31, 2023 Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated Effective tax rate (a)(b) Income before income taxes Per share 816 $ 744 (100) (161) 131 471 61 15 (10) (20) 1,947 $ 581 550 (81) (130) 90 34 378 54 12 (10) (15) 1,463 20.6% $ 20.7% $ Net sales $ 12,588 $ 992 $ 13,580 $ (a) Based upon statutory tax rates in the specific jurisdiction for each event. (b) The calculation of the effective tax rate for GAAP and Core excludes net income attributable to non-controlling interest of approximately $67 million and $81 million, respectively. As reported - GAAP Constant-currency adjustment (1) Translation gain on Japanese yen-denominated debt (2) Translated earnings contract gain (3) Acquisition-related costs (4) Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments (5) Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6) Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters (7) Pension mark-to-market adjustment (8) Gain on investments (9) Gain on sale of business (11) Contingent consideration (12) Core performance measures Year ended December 31, 2022 Income before income taxes Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated 1,797 $ 480 (191) (348) 140 414 100 11 (8) (53) (32) 2,310 $ 1,316 369 (146) (267) 109 84 316 77 10 (8) (41) (25) 1,794 Net sales $ 14,189 $ 616 $ 14,805 $ Effective tax rate (a)(b) 22.9% $ Per share 19.3% $ 0.68 0.64 (0.09) (0.15) 0.10 0.04 0.44 0.06 0.01 (0.01) (0.02) 1.70 1.54 0.43 (0.17) (0.31) 0.13 0.10 0.37 0.09 0.01 (0.01) (0.05) (0.03) 2.09 (a) Based upon statutory tax rates in the specific jurisdiction for each event. (b) The calculation of the effective tax rate GAAP and Core excludes net income attributable to non-controlling interest of approximately $70 million. See “Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures” for the descriptions of the footnoted reconciling items. 32 Table of Contents Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures Items adjusted from GAAP measures to arrive at core performance measures are as follows: (1) Constant-currency adjustment: As a significant portion of revenues and expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, management believes it is important to understand the impact on sales and net income of translating these currencies into U.S. dollars. The Company utilizes constant- currency reporting for Display Technologies, Specialty Materials, Environmental Technologies and Life Sciences segments for the Japanese yen, Korean won, Chinese yuan, New Taiwan dollar and euro, as applicable to the segment. The constant-currency rates established for our core performance measures are internally derived long-term management estimates, which are closely aligned with our hedging instrument rates. These hedging instruments may include, but are not limited to, foreign exchange forward or option contracts and foreign-denominated debt. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the adjustment primarily relates to our Japanese yen exposure due to the difference in the average spot rate compared to our core rate. We believe that the use of constant-currency reporting allows management to understand our results without the volatility of currency fluctuation, analyze underlying trends in the businesses and establish operational goals and forecasts. Constant-currency rates are as follows and are applied to all periods presented and to all foreign exchange exposures during the period, even though we may be less than 100% hedged: Currency Rate New Taiwan dollar NT$31 Chinese yuan ¥6.7 Japanese yen ¥107 Korean won ₩1,175 Euro €.81 (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) Translation of Japanese yen-denominated debt: Amount reflects the gain or loss on the translation of our yen-denominated debt to U.S. dollars. Translated earnings contract: Amount reflects the impact of the realized and unrealized gains and losses from the Japanese yen, South Korean won, Chinese yuan, euro and New Taiwan dollar-denominated foreign currency hedges related to translated earnings, as well as the unrealized gains and losses of our British pound-denominated foreign currency hedges related to translated earnings. Acquisition-related costs: Amount reflects intangible amortization, inventory valuation adjustments and external acquisition-related deal costs, as well as other transaction related costs. Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments: Amount reflects certain discrete period tax items such as changes in tax law, the impact of tax audits, changes in tax reserves and changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances, as well as other tax-related adjustments. Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits: Amount reflects certain restructuring, impairment losses and other charges and credits, as well as other expenses, including severance, accelerated depreciation, asset write-offs and facility repairs resulting from power outages, which are not related to ongoing operations. The activity during 2023 primarily relates to asset write-offs associated with the exit of certain facilities and product lines and severance charges across all segments. The activity in 2022 primarily relates to capacity optimization for Display Technologies, Specialty Materials and an emerging growth business and severance charges across all segments. Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters: Amount reflects developments in commercial litigation, intellectual property disputes, adjustments to our estimated liability for environmental-related items and other legal matters. Pension mark-to-market adjustment: Amount primarily reflects defined benefit pension mark-to-market gains and losses, which arise from changes in actuarial assumptions and the difference between actual and expected returns on plan assets and discount rates. Gain on investments: Amount reflects the gain or loss recognized on investment due to mark-to-market adjustments for the change in fair value or the disposition of the investment. Gain on sale of assets: Amount represents the gain recognized for the sale of assets. Gain on sale of business: Amount reflects the gain recognized for the sale of a business. Contingent consideration: Amount reflects the fair value mark-to-market cost adjustment of contingent consideration. 33 Table of Contents LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Our financial condition and liquidity are strong. We are not aware of any known trends, demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that will result in or that are reasonably likely to result in a material decrease in our liquidity. In addition, other than items discussed, there are no known material trends, favorable or unfavorable, in our capital resources and no expected material changes in the mix of such resources. Our major sources of funding for 2024 and beyond will be our operating cash flow, our existing balances of cash and cash equivalents and proceeds from any issuances of debt. We believe we have sufficient liquidity to fund operations and meet our obligations for the foreseeable future. Such obligations include requirements for acquisitions, capital expenditures, debt repayments, dividend payments and share repurchase programs. We will continue to generate cash from operations and maintain access to our revolving credit facilities and commercial paper programs as discussed in more detail below. Key Balance Sheet Data We fund our working capital with cash from operations and short-term borrowings, including commercial paper, when necessary. In addition, we receive upfront cash from customers relating to long-term supply agreements, as well as cash incentives from government entities generally for capital expansion and related expenses. The following table presents balance sheet and working capital measures (in millions): December 31, 2023 2022 Working capital Current ratio Trade accounts receivable, net of doubtful accounts Days sales outstanding Inventories Inventory turns Days payable outstanding (1) Long-term debt Total debt Total debt to total capital (1) Includes trade payables only. $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,893 1.7:1 1,572 47 2,666 3.2 52 7,206 7,526 $ $ 39% 2,278 1.4:1 1,721 45 2,904 3.4 52 6,687 6,911 36% We perform comprehensive reviews of our significant customers and their creditworthiness by analyzing their financial strength at least annually or more frequently for customers where we have identified a measure of increased risk. We closely monitor payments and developments to identify potential customer credit issues. We are not aware of any customer credit issues that could have a material impact on our liquidity. We participate in accounts receivable management programs, including factoring arrangements to sell certain accounts receivable to third-party financial institutions or accelerate collections through our customer’s supply chain financing arrangements. Sales of accounts receivable are reflected as a reduction of accounts receivable in the consolidated balance sheets and the proceeds are included in cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. By utilizing these types of programs, we have accelerated the collection of $1.5 billion and $1.6 billion of accounts receivable cumulatively throughout the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Of these amounts, we believe $1.2 billion would have been collected during the normal course of business within each year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. 34 Table of Contents Cash Flows The following table presents a summary of cash flow data (in millions): Net cash provided by operating activities Net cash used in investing activities Net cash used in financing activities Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ $ 2,005 $ (1,000) $ (883) $ 2,615 (1,355) (1,649) Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $610 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, when compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily driven by the decrease in net income partially offset by improvements in working capital, mostly due to the reduction in inventory levels. Net cash used in investing activities improved by $355 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, when compared to the same period last year, primarily driven by lower capital expenditures of $214 million, lower premiums paid on hedging contracts of $66 million and higher realized gains on translated earnings contracts of $26 million. Net cash used in financing activities improved by $766 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, when compared to the same period last year, primarily driven by the $918 million proceeds received from the issuance of euro-denominated notes in May 2023 and the purchase of common stock during the year ended December 31, 2022 of $221 million compared to no purchases of common stock made during year ended December 31, 2023. These financing cash flow improvements were partially offset by increased debt repayments of $197 million made during the year ended December 31, 2023. Sources of Liquidity We generate strong ongoing cash flows from operations, which is our principal source of liquidity. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash flows provided by operating activities were $2.0 billion and $2.6 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, our cash and cash equivalents and available credit capacity included (in millions): Cash and cash equivalents Available credit capacity: U.S. dollar revolving credit facility Chinese yuan facilities Cash and Cash Equivalents December 31, 2023 1,779 $ $ $ 1,500 110 We ended 2023 with $1.8 billion of cash and cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in various locations throughout the world and are generally unrestricted. We utilize a variety of strategies to ensure that our worldwide cash is available in the locations in which it is needed. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 60% of the consolidated cash and cash equivalents were held outside the U.S. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company distributed an immaterial amount from foreign subsidiaries to their respective U.S. parent companies. As of December 31, 2023, Corning had approximately $1.4 billion of indefinitely reinvested foreign earnings. If we distribute our foreign cash balances to the U.S. or to other foreign subsidiaries, we could be required to accrue and pay withholding taxes. We do not foresee a need to repatriate any earnings for which we asserted permanent reinvestment. However, to help fund cash needs of the U.S. or other international subsidiaries as they arise, we repatriate available cash from certain foreign subsidiaries whose earnings are not permanently reinvested. 35 Table of Contents Debt Facilities and Other Sources of Liquidity We have a commercial paper program pursuant to which we may issue short-term, unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate principal amount outstanding at any one time of $1.5 billion. Under this program, we may issue commercial paper from time to time and will use the proceeds for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023, we did not have any commercial paper outstanding. Our $1.5 billion Revolving Credit Agreement is available to support obligations under the commercial paper program and for general corporate purposes, if needed. There were no outstanding amounts under this facility as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. In addition, we had a 25 billion Japanese yen liquidity facility, which was scheduled to mature in 2025. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the 25 billion Japanese yen liquidity facility was terminated. There were never any amounts outstanding under this facility. Our Revolving Credit Agreement includes affirmative and negative covenants with which we must comply, including a leverage (debt to capital ratio) financial covenant. The required leverage ratio is a maximum of 60%. As of December 31, 2023, our leverage using this measure was approximately 39%. As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all such covenants. Our debt instruments contain customary event of default provisions, which allow the lenders the option of accelerating all obligations upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, some of our debt instruments contain a cross default provision, whereby an uncured default exceeding a specified amount on one debt obligation, also would be considered a default under the terms of another debt instrument. As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all such provisions. We have access to certain Chinese yuan-denominated unsecured variable rate loan facilities, whose proceeds are used for capital investment and general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023, borrowings totaled $293 million and these facilities had variable interest rates ranging from 3.2% to 4.1% and maturities ranging from 2024 to 2032. As of December 31, 2023, Corning had 779 million Chinese yuan of unused capacity, equivalent to approximately $110 million. On May 15, 2023, the Company issued €300 million 3.875% Notes due 2026 (“2026 Notes”) and €550 million 4.125% Notes due 2031 (“2031 Notes”). The proceeds from the 2026 Notes and 2031 Notes were received in euros and converted to U.S. dollars on the date of issuance. The net proceeds received were approximately $918 million and will be used for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023, the U.S. dollar equivalent carrying value of the euro-denominated long-term debt was $932 million. As a well-known seasoned issuer, we filed an automatic shelf registration with the SEC on December 1, 2023. Under this shelf registration we may offer, from time to time, debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares and warrants. Customer Deposits, Deferred Revenue and Government Incentives We receive cash deposits or consideration, generally non-refundable, from customers under long-term supply agreements. In addition, we receive incentives from government entities, typically in the form of cash incentives primarily to offset capital expenditures or related expenses. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the amounts received from these types of arrangements were $0.3 billion and $0.4 billion, respectively. Refer to Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) and Note 3 (Revenue) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. 36 Table of Contents Uses of Cash Fixed Rate Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A We had 2,300 outstanding shares of Fixed Rate Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A (the “Preferred Stock”) as of December 31, 2020. On January 16, 2021, the Preferred Stock became convertible into 115 million common shares. On April 5, 2021 we executed the Share Repurchase Agreement (“SRA”) with Samsung Display Co., Ltd. (“SDC”) and the Preferred Stock was fully converted as of April 8, 2021. Immediately following the conversion, we repurchased and retired 35 million of the common shares held by SDC for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.5 billion, of which approximately $507 million was paid in April in each of 2023, 2022 and 2021. Pursuant to the SRA, with respect to the remaining 80 million common shares outstanding held by SDC: • • SDC has the option to sell an additional 22 million common shares to Corning in specified tranches from time to time in calendar years 2024 through 2027. Corning may, at its sole discretion, elect to repurchase such common shares. If Corning elects not to repurchase the common shares and SDC sells the common shares on the open market, Corning will be required to pay SDC a make-whole payment, subject to a 5% cap of the repurchase proceeds that otherwise would have been paid by Corning. The remaining 58 million shares of common shares are subject to a seven-year lock-up period expiring in 2027. Refer to Note 14 (Shareholders’ Equity) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. Share Repurchases In 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to $5.0 billion of additional common stock upon the completion of the 2018 repurchase plan (“2019 Authorization”). In addition to the common shares repurchased under the SRA, as discussed above, we repurchased 6.0 million shares of common stock under our 2019 Authorization for approximately $221 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2022. No shares were repurchased under our 2019 Authorization during the year ended December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, approximately $3.3 billion remains available under our 2019 Authorization, which does not have an expiration date and may be amended or terminated by the Board of Directors at any time without prior notice. Common Stock Dividends During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, total dividends paid to common shareholders were $989 million, $932 million and $871 million, respectively. The Board’s decision to declare and pay future dividends will depend on our income and liquidity position, among other factors. We expect to declare quarterly dividends and fund payments with cash from operations. On February 7, 2024, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.28 per share of common stock, beginning with the dividend paid in the first quarter of 2024. The dividend will be payable on March 28, 2024. Capital Expenditures Capital expenditures were $1.4 billion, $1.6 billion and $1.6 billion during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We expect our 2024 capital expenditures to be lower than 2023. Current Maturities of Short and Long-Term Debt In the fourth quarter of 2023, Corning repurchased ¥14.7 billion (equivalent to $100 million) of ¥9.8 billion 0.992% notes due 2027 and ¥4.9 billion 1.043% notes due 2028. As of December 31, 2023, we had $320 million of long-term debt that is due in less than one year. The maturity schedule of our existing long-term debt does not require significant cash outflows, with approximately $1.4 billion due over the next five years. Defined Benefit Pension Plans Our global pension plans, including our unfunded and non-qualified plans, were 81% funded as of December 31, 2023. Our largest single pension plan is our U.S. qualified plan, which accounted for 77% of our consolidated defined benefit pension plans’ projected benefit obligation, was 92% funded as of December 31, 2023. 37 Table of Contents The funded status of our pension plans is dependent upon multiple factors including actuarial assumptions, interest rates at year-end, prior investment returns and contributions made to the plans. During the year ended December 31, 2023, Corning made no voluntary contributions to our domestic defined benefit pension plan and cash contributions to our international pension plans were $25 million. During 2024, the Company anticipates making cash contributions of $11 million to the international pension plans. Refer to Note 11 (Employee Retirement Plans) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees A summary of our contractual obligations and other commercial commitments as of December 31, 2023 are detailed within Note 12 (Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. Off Balance Sheet Arrangements Off balance sheet arrangements are transactions, agreements, or other contractual arrangements with an unconsolidated entity for which we have an obligation to the entity that is not recorded in our consolidated financial statements. Our off balance sheet arrangements include guarantee and indemnity contracts. At the time a guarantee is issued, we are required to recognize a liability for the fair value or market value of the obligation it assumes. In the normal course of our business, we do not routinely provide significant third-party guarantees. Generally, third- party guarantees provided by us are limited to certain financial guarantees, including stand-by letters of credit and performance bonds. These guarantees have various terms and none of these guarantees are individually significant. We believe a significant majority of these guarantees and contingent liabilities will expire without being funded. Refer to Note 12 (Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. ENVIRONMENT Refer to Item 3. Legal Proceedings or Note 12 (Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for information. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. This requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The following estimates are considered by management to be the most critical to the understanding of the consolidated financial statements as they require significant judgments that could materially impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. Impairment of assets held for use We are required to assess the recoverability of the carrying value of long-lived assets when an indicator of impairment has been identified. We perform this review each quarter and exercise judgment in assessing whether impairment indicators are present. Manufacturing equipment includes certain components of production equipment that are constructed of precious metals, primarily platinum and rhodium. These metals are not depreciated because they have very low physical losses and are repeatedly reclaimed and reused in our manufacturing process over a very long useful life. The physical loss of precious metals in the manufacturing and reclamation process is treated as depletion and these losses are accounted for as a period expense based on actual units lost. Precious metals are reviewed for impairment as part of our assessment of long-lived assets. This review considers all our precious metals that are either in place in the production process; in reclamation, fabrication, or refinement in anticipation of re-use; or awaiting use to support increased capacity. Precious metals are only acquired to support our operations and are not held for trading or other non-manufacturing related purposes. 38 Table of Contents Examples of events or circumstances that may be indicative of impairments include, but are not limited to: • • • • • • A significant decrease in the market price of an asset; A significant change in the use of a long-lived asset or its physical condition; A significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of the asset, including an adverse action or assessment by a regulator; An accumulation of costs significantly more than the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of an asset; A current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of an asset; and A current expectation that, more likely than not, an asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life. For purposes of recognition and measurement of an impairment loss, a long-lived asset or assets is grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. We must exercise judgment in assessing the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Our assessment is performed at the operating segment level. For most of our operating segments, we concluded that locations or businesses within these segments which share production along the supply chain must be combined to appropriately identify cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. For long-lived assets, when impairment indicators are present, we compare estimated undiscounted future cash flows, including the eventual disposition of the asset group at market value, to the assets’ carrying value to determine if the asset group is recoverable. This assessment requires the exercise of judgment in assessing the future use of and projected value to be derived from the assets to be held and used. Assessments also consider changes in asset utilization, including the temporary idling of capacity and the expected timing for placing this capacity back into production. For an asset group that fails the test of recoverability, the estimated fair value of long-lived assets is determined using an “income approach” that starts with the forecast of all the expected future net cash flows, including the eventual disposition at market value of long-lived assets, and considers the fair market value of all precious metals, if applicable. If there is an impairment, a loss is recorded to reflect the difference between the assets’ fair value and carrying value. Our estimates are based upon our historical experience, our commercial relationships and available external information about future trends. We believe fair value assessments are most sensitive to market growth and the corresponding impact on volume and selling prices and that these are also more subjective than manufacturing cost and other assumptions. We believe our current assumptions and estimates are reasonable and appropriate. Income taxes We are required to exercise judgment about our future results in assessing the realizability of our deferred tax assets. Inherent in this estimation process is the requirement for us to estimate future book and taxable income and possible tax planning strategies. These estimates require us to exercise judgment about our future results, the prudence and feasibility of possible tax planning strategies and the economic environments in which we do business. It is possible that actual results will differ from assumptions and require adjustments to allowances. We record uncertain tax positions only when they are believed to have a less than 50% likelihood of being sustained on their technical merits and then only to the extent of the amount of tax benefit that is less than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. In estimating these amounts, we must exercise judgment around factors such as the weighting of the tax law in our favor or alternatively, consider a negotiated compromise, and our willingness to dispute a tax authorities’ assertion to the level of appeal we believe is required to sustain our position. As a result, it is possible that our estimate of the benefits we will realize for uncertain tax positions may change when we become aware of new information affecting these judgments and estimates. 39 Table of Contents Fair value measures As required, we use two kinds of inputs to determine the fair value of assets and liabilities: observable and unobservable. Observable inputs are based on market data or independent sources, while unobservable inputs are based on our own market assumptions. Once inputs have been characterized, we prioritize the inputs used to measure fair value into one of three broad levels. Characterization of fair value inputs is required for those accounting pronouncements that prescribe or permit fair value measurement. In addition, observable market data must be used when available and the highest-and-best-use measure should be applied to non-financial assets. Our major categories of financial assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value are short-term and long-term investments, certain pension asset investments and derivatives. These categories use observable inputs only and are measured using a market approach based on quoted prices in markets considered active or in markets in which there are few transactions. Derivative assets and liabilities may include foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign exchange option contracts that are measured using observable quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities. Included in our foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign exchange option contracts are foreign currency hedges that hedge our cash flow and translation exposure resulting from movements in the Japanese yen, South Korean won, New Taiwan dollar, Chinese yuan, British pound, and euro. In arriving at the fair value of our derivative assets and liabilities, we have considered the appropriate valuation and risk criteria, including such factors as credit risk of the relevant party to the transaction. Amounts related to credit risk are not material. Refer to Note 13 (Financial Instruments) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. Probability of litigation outcomes We are required to make judgments about future events that are inherently uncertain. In making determinations of likely outcomes of litigation matters, we consider the evaluation of legal counsel knowledgeable about each matter, case law and other case-specific issues. Refer to Item 3. Legal Proceedings or Note 12 (Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion of Corning’s material litigation matters. Pension and other postretirement employee benefits (“OPEB”) We offer employee retirement plans consisting of defined benefit pension plans covering certain domestic and international employees and postretirement plans that provide health care and life insurance benefits for eligible retirees and dependents. The costs and obligations related to these benefits reflect our assumptions related to general economic conditions (particularly interest rates), expected return on plan assets, rate of compensation increase for employees and health care trend rates. The cost of providing plan benefits depends on demographic assumptions including retirements, mortality, turnover and plan participation. While management believes that the assumptions used are appropriate, differences in actual experience or changes in assumptions may affect our employee pension and other postretirement obligations, and current and future expense. The following table presents our actual and expected return (loss) on assets, as well as the corresponding percentages (in millions, except percentages): Actual return (loss) on plan assets – Domestic plans Expected return on plan assets – Domestic plans Actual return (loss) on plan assets – International plans Expected return on plan assets – International plans Weighted-average actual and expected return on assets: Actual return (loss) on plan assets – Domestic plans Expected return on plan assets – Domestic plans Actual return (loss) on plan assets – International plans Expected return on plan assets – International plans 2023 $ December 31, 2022 2021 $ 281 176 10 13 10.94% 6.75% 2.54% 3.85% $ (728) 210 (139) 9 (20.05)% 6.00% (26.26)% 1.64% 208 209 (2) 7 6.17% 6.00% (0.33)% 1.26% As of December 31, 2023, the Projected Benefit Obligation (“PBO”) for U.S. pension plans was $3.3 billion. 40 Table of Contents The following table presents the estimated increases (decreases) in future ongoing pension expense and projected benefit obligation assuming a 25 basis point change in the key assumptions for our U.S. pension plans (in millions): 25 basis point decrease in each spot rate 25 basis point increase in each spot rate 25 basis point decrease in expected return on assets 25 basis point increase in expected return on assets $ $ $ $ Change in ongoing pension expense Change in projected benefit obligation 76 (73) (1) $ 1 $ 7 (7) The above sensitivities reflect the impact of changing one assumption at a time. Economic factors and conditions often affect multiple assumptions simultaneously and the effects of changes in key assumptions are not necessarily linear. These changes in assumptions would have no effect on our funding requirements. The following table presents the estimated increases (decreases) in future ongoing pension expense and the Accumulated Postretirement Benefit obligation (“APBO”) assuming a 25 basis point change in the key assumptions for our U.S. OPEB plans (in millions): 25 basis point decrease in each spot rate 25 basis point increase in each spot rate Change in ongoing OPEB expense $ $ 1 $ (1) $ Change in APBO 12 (11) The above sensitivities reflect the impact of changing one assumption at a time. Economic factors and conditions often affect multiple assumptions simultaneously and the effects of changes in key assumptions are not necessarily linear. Refer to Note 11 (Employee Retirement Plans) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Refer to Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 41 Table of Contents FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS The statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in reports subsequently filed by Corning with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on Forms 10-Q and 8-K and related comments by management that are not historical facts or information and contain words such as “will,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “see,” “would,” “target,” “estimate,” “forecast” or similar expressions are forward-looking statements. Such statements relate to future events that by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain. These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things, the Company’s future operating performance, the Company’s share of new and existing markets, the Company’s revenue and earnings growth rates, the Company’s ability to innovate and commercialize new products, the Company’s expected capital expenditure and the Company’s implementation of cost-reduction initiatives and measures to improve pricing, including the optimization of the Company’s manufacturing capacity. Although the Company believes that these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions regarding, among other things, current estimates and forecasts, general economic conditions, its knowledge of its business and key performance indicators that impact the Company, there can be no assurance that these forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking statements if circumstances or management’s estimates or opinions should change except as required by applicable securities laws. Some of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: — global economic trends, competition and geopolitical risks, or an escalation of sanctions, tariffs or other trade tensions between the U.S. and China or other countries, and related impacts on our businesses’ global supply chains and strategies; — changes in macroeconomic and market conditions and market volatility, including developments and volatility arising from health crisis events, inflation, interest rates, the value of securities and other financial assets, precious metals, oil, natural gas, raw materials and other commodity prices and exchange rates (particularly between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen, New Taiwan dollar, euro, Chinese yuan and South Korean won), the availability of government incentives, decreases or sudden increases of consumer demand, and the impact of such changes and volatility on our financial position and businesses; — the duration and severity of health crisis events, such as an epidemic or pandemic, and its impact across our businesses on demand, personnel, operations, our global supply chains and stock price; — possible disruption in commercial activities or our supply chain due to terrorist activity, cyber-attack, armed conflict, political or financial instability, natural disasters, international trade disputes or major health concerns; — loss of intellectual property due to theft, cyber-attack, or disruption to our information technology infrastructure; — ability to enforce patents and protect intellectual property and trade secrets; — disruption to Corning’s, our suppliers’ and manufacturers’ supply chain, equipment, facilities, IT systems or operations; — product demand and industry capacity; — competitive products and pricing; — availability and costs of critical components, materials, equipment, natural resources and utilities; — new product development and commercialization; — order activity and demand from major customers; — the amount and timing of our cash flows and earnings and other conditions, which may affect our ability to pay our quarterly dividend at the planned level or to repurchase shares at planned levels; — the amount and timing of any future dividends; — the effects of acquisitions, dispositions and other similar transactions; — the effect of regulatory and legal developments; — ability to pace capital spending to anticipated levels of customer demand; — our ability to increase margins through implementation of operational changes, pricing actions and cost reduction measures; — rate of technology change; — adverse litigation; — product and component performance issues; — retention of key personnel; — customer ability to maintain profitable operations and obtain financing to fund ongoing operations and manufacturing expansions and pay receivables when due; — loss of significant customers; — changes in tax laws, regulations and international tax standards; — the impacts of audits by taxing authorities; and — the potential impact of legislation, government regulations and other government action and investigations. 42 Table of Contents Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks We operate and conduct business in many foreign countries and as a result are exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Our exposure to exchange rates has the following effects: • • Exchange rate movements on financial instruments and transactions denominated in foreign currencies that impact earnings; and Exchange rate movements upon conversion of net assets and net income of foreign subsidiaries for which the functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. Our most significant foreign currency exposure relates to the Japanese yen, South Korean won, New Taiwan dollar, Chinese yuan and euro. We seek to mitigate the impact of exchange rate movements in our income statement by using over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative instruments including foreign exchange forward and option contracts. In general, these hedges expire coincident with the timing of the underlying foreign currency commitments and transactions. We are exposed to potential losses in the event of non-performance by our counterparties to these derivative contracts. However, we minimize this risk by maintaining a diverse group of highly-rated major financial institutions as our counterparties. We do not expect to record any losses as a result of such counterparty default. Neither we nor our counterparties are required to post collateral for these financial instruments. Our cash flow hedging activities utilize OTC foreign exchange forward contracts to reduce the risk that movements in exchange rates will adversely affect the net cash flows resulting from the sale of products to foreign customers and purchases from foreign suppliers. We also use OTC foreign exchange forward and option contracts that are not designated as hedged instruments. These contracts are used to offset economic currency risks. The undesignated hedges limit exposure to foreign functional currency fluctuations related to certain subsidiaries’ monetary assets, monetary liabilities and net earnings in foreign currencies. A significant portion of our non-U.S. revenue is denominated in Japanese yen. When this revenue is translated back to U.S. dollars, we are exposed to foreign exchange rate movements in the Japanese yen. To protect translated earnings against movements in the Japanese yen, we have entered into a series of option contracts and average rate forwards. We use a sensitivity analysis to assess the market risk associated with foreign currency exposure. Market risk is defined as the potential change in fair value of assets and liabilities resulting from an adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates. As of December 31, 2023, with respect to open foreign exchange forward and option contracts and foreign denominated debt with values exposed to exchange rate movements, a 10% adverse movement in quoted foreign currency exchange rates could result in a loss in fair value of these instruments of $0.6 billion compared to $0.8 billion as of December 31, 2022. Specific to the Japanese yen, a 10% adverse movement in quoted yen exchange rates could result in a loss in fair value of these instruments of $0.3 billion and $0.4 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Management expects that these hypothetical losses from a 10% adverse movement in quoted foreign currency exchange rates on the derivative financial instruments should largely offset gains on the assets, liabilities and future transactions being hedged. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data The response to this Item 8 is included in our audited consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements, which are contained in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. 43 Table of Contents Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Disclosure Controls and Procedures The Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, after evaluating the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) as of the end of the period covered by this report, have concluded that based on the evaluation of these controls and procedures required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15, that Corning’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Disclosure controls and procedures mean controls and other procedures of an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Corning’s disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by Corning in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to Corning’s management, including Corning’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or other persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Internal Control Over Financial Reporting (a) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for Corning. Corning’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. Corning’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of Corning’s assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., and that Corning’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Corning’s management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of Corning’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate. Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report which is included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. (b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified by the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 that occurred during the most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting. Item 9B. Other Information During the three months ended December 31, 2023, none of our executive officers or directors adopted, modified or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.” Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections None. 44 Table of Contents Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance PART III The sections titled “Proposal 1 Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance and the Board of Directors” and “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” in our Definitive Proxy Statement are incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Executive Officers of the Registrant Refer to Part I, Item 1. of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a listing of executive officers. Corning’s Board of Directors Donald W. Blair Retired Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, NIKE, Inc. Mr. Blair was the executive vice president and chief financial officer of NIKE, Inc. from 1999 to October 2015. Prior to joining NIKE, he served 15 years at PepsiCo, Inc. in a number of senior executive-level corporate and operating unit financial assignments, including chief financial officer roles for PepsiCo Japan (based in Tokyo) and Pepsi-Cola International’s Asia Division (based in Hong Kong). He began his career in 1981 as an accountant with Deloitte Haskins & Sells. Mr. Blair joined Corning’s Board in 2014. Age 65. Leslie A. Brun Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Sarr Group LLC Mr. Brun is chairman and chief executive officer of Sarr Group, LLC, co-founder, chairman and chief executive officer of Ariel Alternatives, LLC, senior advisor of G100, Council Advisors, World 50 and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He was also the founder of Hamilton Lane, where he served as chief executive officer and chairman from 1991 until 2005. In addition, Mr. Brun served as a managing director and co-founder of the investment banking group of Fidelity Bank and as a past vice president in the corporate finance division of E.F. Hutton & Co. Mr. Brun joined Corning’s Board in 2018. Age 71. Stephanie A. Burns Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Dow Corning Corporation Dr. Burns has nearly 40 years of global innovation and business leadership experience. Dr. Burns joined Dow Corning in 1983 as a researcher and specialist in organosilicon chemistry. In 1994, she became the company’s first director of women’s health. She was elected to the Dow Corning Board of Directors in 2001 and elected as president in 2003. She served as chief executive officer from 2004 until May 2011 and served as chair from 2006 until her retirement in December 2011. Dr. Burns joined Corning’s Board in 2012. Age 68. Richard T. Clark Retired Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, Merck & Co., Inc. Lead Independent Director Mr. Clark retired from Merck in 2011. He joined Merck in 1972 and held a broad range of senior management positions. He became president and chief executive officer of Merck in May 2005 and chairman of the board in April 2007. He transitioned from the chief executive officer role in January 2011 and served as Merck board chairman through November 2011. He was president of the Merck Manufacturing Division (June 2003 to May 2005) of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. He is chairman emeritus of the board of Project Hope and a trustee of several charitable non-profit organizations. Mr. Clark joined Corning’s Board in 2011. Age 77. Pamela J. Craig Retired Chief Financial Officer, Accenture plc. From 2006 through 2013, Ms. Craig served as chief financial officer of Accenture plc., a global management consulting, technology services and outsourcing company, following many other leadership roles in line management, consulting and operations during her 34 years with the company. She is also actively involved in charitable organizations focused on education and on the advancement of women in business, including The Women’s Forum of New York, New York University Stern School of Business, Junior Achievement of New Jersey and is a member of the Board of Trustees of Smith College. Ms. Craig joined Corning’s Board in 2021. Age 66. Robert F. Cummings, Jr. Retired Vice Chairman of Investment Banking, JPMorgan Chase & Co. Mr. Cummings retired as vice chairman of Investment Banking at JPMorgan Chase & Co. in 2016. He had served in that role since 2010, advising on client opportunities across sectors and industry groups. Mr. Cummings began his business career in the investment banking division of Goldman, Sachs & Co. in 1973 and was a partner of that firm from 1986 to 1998. He served as an advisory director at Goldman Sachs until 2002. Mr. Cummings joined Corning’s Board in 2006. Age 74. 45 Table of Contents Roger W. Ferguson, Jr. Steven A. Tananbaum Distinguished Fellow for International Economics, council on Foreign Relations Mr. Ferguson is the Steven A. Tananbaum Distinguished Fellow for International Economics at the Council on Foreign Relations. He is also a partner and the Chief Investment Officer of Red Cell Partners, an incubation and venture capital enterprise focused on the health care and defense sectors. He is the past President and Chief Executive Officer of TIAA, a position he held from 2008 to 2021. He is also the former Vice Chairman of the Board of Governors of the U.S. Federal Reserve System. Prior to joining TIAA in April 2008, Mr. Ferguson was head of financial services for Swiss Re and Chairman of Swiss Re America Holding Corporation. From 1984 to 1997, he was an Associate and Partner at McKinsey & Company. He began his career as an attorney at the New York City office of Davis Polk & Wardwell. Mr. Ferguson joined Corning’s Board in 2021. Age 72. Thomas D. French Senior Partner Emeritus, McKinsey & Company, Inc. Mr. French retired as a Senior Partner of McKinsey & Company in December 2019, and currently is Senior Partner Emeritus. Over the course of his 33-year career in consulting, he served leading technology-driven industrial companies on issues of strategy, marketing, corporate governance, and organization design. He led the firm’s Global Marketing and Sales Practice for five years, the Americas Practice for seven years, and served on multiple firm governance committees. He is a trustee of several non-profit organizations. Mr. French joined Corning’s Board in 2023. Age 64. Deborah A. Henretta Retired Group President of Global E-Business, Procter & Gamble Company Ms. Henretta has nearly 40 years of business leadership experience across both developed and developing markets, as well as expertise in brand building, marketing, philanthropic program development and government relations. She joined Procter & Gamble (P&G) in 1985. In 2005, she was appointed President of P&G’s business in ASEAN, Australia and India. She was appointed group president, P&G Asia in 2007, group president of P&G Global Beauty Sector in 2013 and group president of P&G E-Business in 2015. She retired from P&G in 2015. Ms. Henretta joined Corning’s Board in 2013. Age 62. Daniel P. Huttenlocher Dean, MIT Stephen A. Schwarzman College of Computing Dr. Huttenlocher is the Dean of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing. Prior to joining MIT, Dr. Huttenlocher served as dean and vice provost of Cornell Tech from 2012 – 2019 and worked for Cornell University from 1988 to 2012 in various positions. Before Cornell, Dr. Huttenlocher worked at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center and was Chief Technology Officer at Intelligent Markets, Inc. He has also served as the Chair of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, an independent foundation that makes grants and impact investments to support non-profit organizations addressing global social challenges. Dr. Huttenlocher holds a Ph.D. in computer science and a Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering, both from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Huttenlocher joined Corning’s Board in 2015. Age 65. Kurt M. Landgraf Retired President, Washington College From July 2017 to July 2020, Mr. Landgraf was president of Washington College. He previously served as president and chief executive officer of Educational Testing Service (ETS), a private non-profit educational testing and measurement organization, from 2000 until 2013. Prior to that, he was executive vice president and chief operating officer of E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company (DuPont), where he held a number of senior leadership positions, including chief financial officer. Mr. Landgraf joined Corning’s Board in 2007. Age 77. Kevin J. Martin Vice President, US Public Policy, Meta Platforms, Inc. Mr. Martin is Vice President, US Public Policy at Meta Platforms, Inc. Prior to joining Meta, he was a partner and co-chair of the telecommunications practice at Squire Patton Boggs, an international law firm from 2009 to 2015. From March 2005 to January 2009, he was chairman of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Prior to that, he was a special assistant to the president for Economic Policy and served on the staff of the National Economic Council, focusing on commerce and technology policy issues. He served as the official U.S. government representative to the G-8’s Digital Opportunity Task Force. Mr. Martin joined Corning’s Board in 2013. Age 57. Deborah D. Rieman Retired Executive Chairman, Metamarkets Group Dr. Rieman has more than 34 years of experience in the software and information technology industries. In 2016, she retired as executive chairman of Metamarkets Group. Previously, she was managing director of Equus Management Company, a private investment fund. From 1995 to 1999, she served as president and chief executive officer of Check Point Software Technologies, Incorporated. Dr. Rieman joined Corning’s Board in 1999. Age 74. 46 Table of Contents Hansel E. Tookes II Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Raytheon Aircraft Company Mr. Tookes retired from Raytheon Company in December 2002. He joined Raytheon in 1999 and served as president of Raytheon International, chairman and chief executive officer of Raytheon Aircraft and executive vice president of Raytheon Company. From 1980 to 1999, Mr. Tookes served United Technologies Corporation as president of Pratt and Whitney’s Large Military Engines Group and in a variety of other leadership positions. He is a former Lieutenant Commander and military pilot in the United States Navy and former commercial pilot with United Airlines. He is also a former member of the National Academies Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board. Mr. Tookes joined Corning’s Board in 2001. Age 76. Wendell P. Weeks Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Mr. Weeks has served as the Chief Executive Officer of Corning Incorporated since April 2005 and Chairman of the Board of Directors since April 2007. He has held a variety of financial, commercial, business development and general management positions across Corning’s businesses and technologies since he joined the company in 1983. Mr. Weeks joined Corning’s Board in 2000. Age 64. Mark S. Wrighton Professor and Chancellor Emeritus, Washington University in St. Louis Dr. Wrighton has nearly 30 years of leadership experience overseeing large research universities. He currently serves as professor and chancellor emeritus of Washington University in St. Louis where he served 24 years as its chief executive officer and 14 years as chancellor. He served as president at George Washington University from January 2022 to June 2023 while on sabbatical from Washington University in St. Louis. Before joining Washington University in St. Louis, he was a researcher and professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he was head of the Department of Chemistry from 1987 to 1990, and then provost from 1990 to 1995. Dr. Wrighton served as a presidential appointee to the National Science Board from 2000 to 2006. He is also a past chair of the Association of American Universities, the Business Higher Education Forum and the Consortium on Financing Higher Education. He was elected to membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society and he is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Dr. Wrighton joined Corning’s Board in 2009. Age 74. Code of Ethics Our Board of Directors adopted the Code of Ethics (“Code”) for the Chief Executive Officer and Financial Executives. This Code has been in existence for more than ten years. The Code applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Controller and other financial executives. During 2023, no amendments to or waivers of the provisions of the Code were made with respect to any of our directors or executive officers. A copy of the Code of Ethics is available on our website at http://www.corning.com/worldwide/en/about-us/investor-relations/codes-of-conduct-ethics.html. We will also provide a copy of the Code of Ethics to shareholders without charge upon written request to Corporate Secretary, Corning Incorporated, One Riverfront Plaza, Corning, NY 14831. We will disclose future amendments to, or waivers from, the Code of Ethics on our website within four business days following the date of such amendment or waiver. Item 11. Executive Compensation The sections titled “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Director Compensation” and “Compensation and Talent Management Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” in our Definitive Proxy Statement are incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 47 Table of Contents Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters The section titled “Beneficial Ownership Table” in our Definitive Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Equity Compensation Plan Information The following table provides information about the Company’s equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2023: Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (2) Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders Total (1) Excludes 7.5 million of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights. (2) Shares indicated are total grants under the most recent shareholder approved plans. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights 7,498,941 $ 23.82 Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (1) 22,612,070 7,498,941 $ 23.82 22,612,070 The sections titled “Policy on Transactions with Related Persons,” “Director Independence” and “Corporate Governance and the Board of Directors-Committees” in our Definitive Proxy Statement are incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services The sections titled “Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and “Policy Regarding Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permitted Non- Audit Services of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in our Definitive Proxy Statement are incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10- K. 48 Table of Contents Item 15. Exhibits (a) Documents filed as part of this report: 1. Financial statements See separate index to financial statements (b) Exhibits filed as part of this report: PART IV Page 57 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Framework Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2013, by and among Samsung Display Co., Ltd.; Corning Incorporated and the other parties thereto. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.65 to Corning’s Form 10-K filed on February 10, 2014, as amended by its Form 10-K/A filed on March 21, 2014). The Company has omitted certain schedules, exhibits and similar attachments to the Framework Agreement pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Transaction Agreement, dated December 10, 2015, by and between Corning Incorporated, The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Corning Corporation and HS Upstate Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of Corning’s Form 8-K filed on December 11, 2015). Assignment Agreement, dated as of December 29, 2015, between Samsung Display Co., Ltd., Corning Incorporated, Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd., and Corning Luxembourg S.àr.l., Corning Hungary Data Services Limited Liability Company, Corning Japan K.K., and Samsung Corning Advanced Glass LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Corning’s Form 8-K filed on December 29, 2015). Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated April 27, 2012, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of New York on April 27, 2012 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) 1 of Corning’s Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2012). Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated January 14, 2014, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of New York on January 14, 2014 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Corning’s Form 8-K filed on January 15, 2014). Amended and Restated By-Laws of Corning Incorporated, effective as of October 4, 2023 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Corning’s Form 8-K filed October 5, 2023). Indenture, dated November 8, 2000, by and between the Company and of The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (successor to J. P. Morgan Chase & Co., formerly The Chase Manhattan Bank), as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.01 to Corning’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, Registration Statement No. 333-275848). The Company agrees to furnish to the Commission on request copies of other instruments with respect to long-term debt. Form of certificate for shares of the common stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Corning’s registration statement on Form S-8 dated May 7, 2010 (Registration Statement No. 333-166642)). Shareholder Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2013, by and between Samsung Display Co., Ltd. and Corning Incorporated (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.66 to Corning’s Form 10-K filed on February 10, 2014, as amended by its Form 10-K/A filed on March 21, 2014 and further amended by the First Amendment to Shareholder Agreement, dated April 5, 2021, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Corning's Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2021). Standstill Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2013, by and among Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Samsung Display Co., Ltd. and Corning Incorporated (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.67 to Corning’s Form 10-K filed on February 10, 2014, as amended by its Form 10-K/A filed on March 21, 2014). Description of the Registrant’s Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Corning’s Form 10-K filed on February 12, 2021.) Form of Officer Severance Agreement dated as of February 1, 2004 between Corning Incorporated and Lawrence D. McRae (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Corning’s Form 10-Q filed May 4, 2004). Form of Amendment dated as of February 1, 2004 to Change In Control Agreement dated as of October 4, 2000 between Corning Incorporated and Lawrence D. McRae (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Corning’s Form 10-Q filed May 4, 2004). Form of Change In Control Amendment dated as of October 4, 2000 between Corning Incorporated and Lawrence D. McRae (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Corning’s Form 10-Q filed May 4, 2004). Amendment dated as of February 1, 2004 to Change In Control Agreement dated as of April 23, 2002 between Corning Incorporated and Wendell P. Weeks (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of Corning’s Form 10-Q filed May 4, 2004). 49 Table of Contents 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 10.27 Change In Control Agreement dated as of April 23, 2002 between Corning Incorporated and Wendell P. Weeks (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of Corning’s Form 10-Q filed May 4, 2004). Amended Corning Incorporated 2003 Equity Plan for Non-Employee Directors effective October 4, 2006 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 27, 2007). Corning Incorporated Performance Incentive Plan dated October 3, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 15, 2008). Amendment No. 2 dated February 13, 2008 and Amendment dated as of February 1, 2004 to Letter of Understanding between Corning Incorporated and Wendell P. Weeks, and Letter of Understanding dated April 23, 2002 between Corning Incorporated and Wendell P. Weeks (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 15, 2008). Form of Change in Control Agreement Amendment No. 2, effective December 5, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 15, 2008). Form of Officer Severance Agreement Amendment, effective December 5, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 15, 2008). Form of Change of Control Agreement Amendment No. 3 effective December 19, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 24, 2009). Form of Officer Severance Agreement Amendment No. 2 effective December 19, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.54 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 24, 2009). Amendment No. 3 dated December 19, 2008 to Letter of Understanding dated April 23, 2002 between Corning Incorporated and Wendell P. Weeks (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 24, 2009). 2010 Equity Plan for Non-Employee Directors (Incorporated by reference to Appendix B of Corning Proxy Statement, Definitive 14A filed March 15, 2010 for April 29, 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders). 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Appendix B of Corning Proxy Statement, Definitive 14A filed March 18, 2021, for April 29, 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders). Form of Officer Severance Agreement dated as of January 1, 2015 between Corning Incorporated and each of the following individuals: Eric S. Musser; Lewis A. Steverson and Edward A. Schlesinger (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Corning’s Form 10-Q filed July 30, 2015). Form of Change in Control Agreement dated as of January 1, 2015 between Corning Incorporated and each of the following individuals: Eric S. Musser; Lewis A. Steverson and Edward A. Schlesinger (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Corning’s Form 10-Q filed July 30, 2015). Tax Matters Agreement, dated December 10, 2015, by and between Corning Incorporated, The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Corning Corporation and HS Upstate Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 of Corning’s Form 8-K filed on December 11, 2015). Form of Corning Incorporated Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice and Agreement for Non-Employee Directors (for grants made under the 2012 Equity Plan for Non-Employee Directors), effective January 1, 2017 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.74 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 6, 2017). Credit Agreement dated as of June 6, 2022, among Corning Incorporated, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Citibank, N.A., Bank of America, N.A., Goldman Sachs Bank USA, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., MUFG Bank, Ltd., Standard Chartered Bank, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, Bank of China New York Branch, and The Bank of New York Mellon (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Corning’s Form 8-K filed on June 7, 2022). 2019 Equity Plan for Non-Employee Directors (Incorporated by reference to Appendix B of Corning Proxy Statement, Definitive 14A filed March 22, 2019 for May 2, 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders). Form of Corning Incorporated Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice and Agreement for Non-Employee Directors (for grants made under the 2019 Equity Plan for Non-Employee Directors), effective January 1, 2020 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.79 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 14, 2020). Form of Corning Incorporated Performance Share Unit Agreement, effective January 1, 2020 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.80 of Corning’s Form 10-K filed February 14, 2020). Share Repurchase Agreement, dated April 5, 2021, between Samsung Display Co., Ltd. and Corning Incorporated (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Corning's Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2021). Corning Incorporated Executive Supplemental Pension Plan as Amended and Restated, effective January 1, 2023 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to Corning's Form 10-K filed February 13, 2023). Corning Incorporated Supplemental Pension Plan as Amended and Restated, effective January 1, 2023 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to Corning's Form 10-K filed February 13, 2023). Corning Incorporated Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors as Amended and Restated, effective December 6, 2023. 50 Table of Contents 10.28 14 19 21 23 24 31.1 31.2 32 97 101.INS 101.SCH 101.CAL 101.LAB 101.PRE 101.DEF 104 Corning Incorporated Supplemental Investment Plan as Amended and Restated, effective January 1, 2024 Corning Incorporated Code of Ethics for Chief Executive Officer and Financial Executives, and Code of Conduct for Directors and Executive Officers (Incorporated by reference to Appendix G of Corning Proxy Statement, Definitive 14A filed March 13, 2012 for April 26, 2012 Annual Meeting of Shareholders). Corning Incorporated Insider Trading Policy, effective February 1, 2023. Subsidiaries of the Registrant at December 31, 2023. Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Powers of Attorney (included on the Signatures page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K). Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Corning Incorporated Clawback Policy, effective December 1, 2023. Inline XBRL Instance Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Document Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) Item 16. Form 10-K Summary. None. 51 Table of Contents Signatures Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused his report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. Date: February 12, 2024 Corning Incorporated By: /s/ Wendell P. Weeks Wendell P. Weeks Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer Power of Attorney KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Edward A. Schlesinger, Lewis A. Steverson and Stefan Becker, jointly and severally, his or her attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities as indicated and on the 12th day of February, 2024. Signature /s/ Wendell P. Weeks Wendell P. Weeks /s/ Edward A. Schlesinger Edward A. Schlesinger /s/ Stefan Becker Stefan Becker /s/ Donald W. Blair Donald W. Blair /s/ Leslie A. Brun Leslie A. Brun /s/ Stephanie A. Burns Stephanie A. Burns /s/ Richard T. Clark Richard T. Clark /s/ Pamela J. Craig Pamela J. Craig Capacity Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer, and Director (Principal Executive Officer) Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) Director Director Director Director Director 52 Capacity Table of Contents Signature /s/ Robert F. Cummings, Jr. Robert F. Cummings, Jr. /s/ Roger W. Ferguson Jr. Roger W. Ferguson Jr. /s/ Thomas D. French Thomas D. French /s/ Deborah A. Henretta Deborah A. Henretta /s/Daniel P. Huttenlocher Daniel P. Huttenlocher /s/ Kurt M. Landgraf Kurt M. Landgraf /s/ Kevin J. Martin Kevin J. Martin /s/ Deborah D. Rieman Deborah D. Rieman /s/ Hansel E. Tookes II Hansel E. Tookes II /s/ Mark S. Wrighton Mark S. Wrighton Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director 53 Table of Contents Corning Incorporated 2023 Annual Report Index to Financial Statements Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238) Consolidated Statements of Income Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Restructuring, Impairment and Other Charges and Credits Revenue Inventories Leases Income Taxes Property, Plant and Equipment, Net of Accumulated Depreciation Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Other Assets and Other Liabilities Debt Employee Retirement Plans Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees Financial Instruments Shareholders’ Equity Earnings Per Common Share Share-Based Compensation Reportable Segments 54 Page 55 57 58 59 60 61 62 71 73 74 74 75 78 79 80 81 82 88 89 91 95 96 98 Table of Contents Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Corning Incorporated Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Corning Incorporated and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO. Basis for Opinions The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 55 Table of Contents Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Income Taxes - Receivables for South Korean Tax Disputes As described in Notes 1, 6, and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, in evaluating the tax benefits associated with the Company’s various tax filing positions, management records a tax benefit for uncertain tax positions using the highest cumulative tax benefit that is more likely than not to be realized. Adjustments are made to the asset or liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the period in which the Company files the return containing the tax position or when new information becomes available. The Company is currently appealing certain South Korean tax assessments and tax refund claims for tax years 2010 through 2019. The Company is required to deposit the disputed tax amounts with the South Korean government as a condition of its appeal of any tax assessment. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will prevail in the appeals process and as a result, management recorded a non-current receivable of $261 million as of December 31, 2023. The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the receivables for South Korean tax disputes is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when applying the more-likely-than-not recognition criteria to the Company’s uncertain tax positions based on the application of the tax law; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence relating to management’s assumption that the Company will prevail in the appeal of any tax assessment; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge. Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to uncertain tax positions, including management’s assessment of the South Korean tax disputes. These procedures also included, among others, obtaining management’s assessment and evidence supporting the more-likely-than-not tax position on the South Korean tax disputes and evaluating the reasonableness of the likelihood that the tax positions will ultimately be sustained upon examination by the South Korean tax authorities and through the appeals process. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating management’s assessment and supporting evidence related to the application of the tax law. /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP New York, New York February 12, 2024 We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1944. 56 Table of Contents Consolidated Statements of Income Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies 2023 $ Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 12,588 $ 8,657 14,189 $ 9,683 3,931 4,506 14,082 9,019 5,063 (in millions, except per share amounts) Net sales Cost of sales Gross margin Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses Research, development and engineering expenses Amortization of purchased intangibles Operating income Interest income Interest expense Translated earnings contract gain, net (Note 13) Other income, net Income before income taxes Provision for income taxes (Note 6) Net income Net income attributable to non-controlling interest Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated Earnings per common share available to common shareholders: Basic (Note 15) Diluted (Note 15) Reconciliation of net income attributable to Corning Incorporated versus net income available to common shareholders: Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated Series A convertible preferred stock dividend Excess consideration paid for redemption of preferred stock (1) Net income available to common shareholders $ $ $ $ $ (1) Refer to Note 14 (Shareholders’ Equity) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 57 1,843 1,076 122 890 38 (329) 161 56 816 (168) 648 (67) 581 $ 0.69 $ 0.68 $ 1,898 1,047 123 1,438 15 (292) 351 285 1,797 (411) 1,386 (70) 1,316 $ 1.56 $ 1.54 $ 581 $ 1,316 $ 581 $ 1,316 $ 1,827 995 129 2,112 11 (300) 354 249 2,426 (491) 1,935 (29) 1,906 1.30 1.28 1,906 (24) (803) 1,079 Table of Contents Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies (in millions) Net income 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ 648 $ 1,386 $ 1,935 Foreign currency translation adjustments and other (Note 14) Unamortized (losses) gains and prior service (costs) credits for postretirement benefit plans Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives Other comprehensive loss, net of tax Comprehensive income Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest Comprehensive income attributable to Corning Incorporated $ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 58 (230) (24) 36 (218) 430 (67) 363 $ (779) 154 (30) (655) 731 (70) 661 $ (604) 178 (9) (435) 1,500 (29) 1,471 Table of Contents Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions, except share and per share amounts) Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Trade accounts receivable, net of doubtful accounts - $30 and $40 Inventories (Note 4) Other current assets (Notes 9 and 13) Total current assets Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation - $14,553 and $14,147 (Note 7) Goodwill (Note 8) Other intangible assets, net (Note 8) Deferred income taxes (Note 6) Other assets (Notes 9 and 13) Total Assets Liabilities and Equity Current liabilities: Current portion of long-term debt and short-term borrowings (Note 10) Accounts payable Other accrued liabilities (Notes 9 and 12) Total current liabilities Long-term debt (Note 10) Postretirement benefits other than pensions (Note 11) Other liabilities (Notes 9 and 12) Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 12) Shareholders’ equity (Note 14): Common stock – Par value $0.50 per share; Shares authorized 3.8 billion; Shares issued: 1.8 billion and 1.8 billion Additional paid-in capital – common stock Retained earnings Treasury stock, at cost; Shares held: 980 million and 977 million Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total Corning Incorporated shareholders’ equity Non-controlling interest Total equity Total Liabilities and Equity The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 59 $ 28,500 $ Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ $ 1,779 $ 1,572 2,666 1,195 7,212 14,630 2,380 905 1,153 2,220 28,500 $ 320 $ 1,466 2,533 4,319 7,206 398 4,709 16,632 916 16,929 16,391 (20,637) (2,048) 11,551 317 11,868 1,671 1,721 2,904 1,157 7,453 15,371 2,394 1,029 1,073 2,179 29,499 224 1,804 3,147 5,175 6,687 407 4,955 17,224 910 16,682 16,778 (20,532) (1,830) 12,008 267 12,275 29,499 Table of Contents Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies (in millions) Cash Flows from Operating Activities: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ 648 $ 1,386 $ Depreciation Amortization of purchased intangibles Loss on disposal of assets, net Severance charges (reversals) Severance payments Share-based compensation expense Translation gain on Japanese yen-denominated debt Deferred tax (benefit) provision Translated earnings contract gain Unrealized translation loss on transactions Tax deposit refund Changes in assets and liabilities: Trade accounts receivable Inventories Other current assets Accounts payable and other current liabilities Customer deposits and government incentives Deferred income Other, net Net cash provided by operating activities Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Capital expenditures Proceeds from sale of equipment to related party Proceeds from sale of business Investments in and proceeds from unconsolidated entities, net Realized gains on translated earnings contracts and other Premiums paid on hedging contracts Other, net Net cash used in investing activities Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Repayments of debt Proceeds from issuance of debt Proceeds from issuance of euro bonds Proceeds from other financing arrangements Repayment of other financing arrangements Payment for redemption of preferred stock Payments of employee withholding tax on stock awards Proceeds from exercise of stock options Purchases of common stock for treasury Dividends paid Other, net Net cash used in financing activities Effect of exchange rates on cash Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 60 1,247 122 155 187 (96) 218 (100) (75) (161) 61 99 50 157 (80) (238) (42) (5) (142) 2,005 (1,390) 67 (17) 326 (9) 23 (1,000) (284) 82 918 54 (54) (507) (106) 42 (989) (39) (883) (14) 108 1,671 1,779 $ 1,329 123 189 70 (11) 175 (191) (46) (351) 68 113 (522) (139) 349 110 (49) 12 2,615 (1,604) 76 (38) 300 (75) (14) (1,355) (87) 127 (507) (47) 40 (221) (932) (22) (1,649) (88) (477) 2,148 1,671 $ $ 1,935 1,352 129 57 (13) (26) 190 (180) 16 (354) 77 (54) (103) (224) 772 28 (116) (74) 3,412 (1,637) 103 84 67 (48) 12 (1,419) (860) 22 (507) (61) 97 (274) (871) 2 (2,452) (65) (524) 2,672 2,148 Table of Contents Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies (in millions) Balance as of December 31, 2020 Net income Other comprehensive loss Redemption of preferred stock (1) Conversion of preferred stock to common stock (1) Purchase of common stock for treasury Shares issued to benefit plans and for option exercises Common dividends ($0.96 per share) Preferred dividends ($10,625 per share) Other, net (2) Balance as of December 31, 2021 Net income Other comprehensive loss Purchase of common stock for treasury Shares issued to benefit plans and for option exercises Common dividends ($1.08 per share) Other, net (2) Balance as of December 31, 2022 Net income Other comprehensive loss Shares issued to benefit plans and for option exercises Common dividends ($1.12 per share) Other, net (2) Balance as of December 31, 2023 Convertible preferred stock Common stock $ 2,300 $ 863 Additional paid-in capital common 14,642 $ Retained earnings $ 16,120 $ (700) (1,600) 40 4 1,560 273 $ - $ 907 $ 16,475 $ 3 207 1,906 (803) (812) (24) 2 16,389 $ 1,316 (926) (1) $ - $ 910 $ 16,682 $ 16,778 $ 6 247 581 (968) $ - $ 916 $ 16,929 $ 16,391 $ (274) (61) (20,263) $ (221) (48) (20,532) $ (105) (20,637) $ (1) Refer to Note 14 (Shareholders’ Equity) in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. (2) Treasury stock includes the deemed surrender to the Company of common stock to satisfy employee tax withholding obligations The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 61 Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total Corning Incorporated shareholders’ equity Non- controlling interest Total Treasury stock (19,928) $ (740) $ 13,257 $ 191 $ 13,448 (435) 1,906 (435) (1,503) - (274) 277 (812) (24) (59) (1,175) $ 12,333 $ (655) 1,316 (655) (221) 210 (926) (49) (1,830) $ 12,008 $ (218) 581 (218) 253 (968) (105) (2,048) $ 11,551 $ 29 (1) (7) 212 $ 70 (2) (13) 267 $ 67 (1) (16) 317 $ 1,935 (436) (1,503) - (274) 277 (812) (24) (66) 12,545 1,386 (657) (221) 210 (926) (62) 12,275 648 (219) 253 (968) (121) 11,868 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Corning Incorporated is a provider of high-performance glass for notebook computers, flat panel desktop monitors, display televisions and other information display applications; carrier network and enterprise network products for the telecommunications industry; ceramic substrates for gasoline and diesel engines in automotive and heavy-duty vehicle markets; laboratory products for the scientific community and specialized polymer products for biotechnology applications; advanced optical materials for the semiconductor industry and the scientific community; polycrystalline silicon products and other technologies. In these notes, the terms “Corning,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” mean Corning Incorporated and subsidiary companies. Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the consolidated accounts of Corning Incorporated and its subsidiaries that are consolidated in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany accounts, transactions and profits have been eliminated. Investments in partially-owned affiliates are accounted for by the equity method when the Company exercises significant influence, which typically occurs when its ownership interest exceeds 20% and the Company does not have a controlling interest. The Company’s share of earnings or losses of these affiliated companies is included in the consolidated operating results. The Company consolidates variable interest entities (“VIEs”) when it has the power to direct the significant activities of the entity and the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the entity that may be significant. The Company did not have any material consolidated or nonconsolidated VIEs in its operations for the presented reporting periods. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the results of operations, financial position, or changes in shareholders’ equity. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and related notes. Significant estimates and assumptions in these consolidated financial statements include estimates associated with revenue recognition, restructuring charges, goodwill and long-lived asset impairment tests, estimates of fair value of acquired assets and liabilities, estimates of fair value of investments, equity interests, environmental and legal liabilities, income taxes and deferred tax valuation allowances, assumptions used in calculating pension and other postretirement employee benefit expenses and the fair value of share-based compensation. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may be different from these estimates. Revenue Recognition Most of the Company’s revenue is generated by delivery of products to customers and recognized at a point in time based on evaluation of when the customer obtains control of the products. Revenue is recognized when all performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied and control of the product has been transferred to the customer. If customer acceptance clauses are present and it cannot be objectively determined that control has been transferred, revenue is only recorded when customer acceptance is received and all performance obligations have been satisfied. Sales of goods typically do not include multiple product and/or service elements. Shipping and handling fees are treated as fulfillment costs and not as separate performance obligations under the terms of revenue contracts due to the perfunctory nature of the shipping and handling obligations. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration expected in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Sales tax, value-added tax and other taxes are collected concurrently with revenue-producing activities and excluded from revenue. Incidental contract costs that are not material in the context of the delivery of goods and services are recognized as an expense. 62 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) At the time revenue is recognized, allowances are recorded with the related reduction to revenue for estimated product returns, allowances and price discounts based upon historical experience and related terms of customer arrangements. Where product warranties are offered, liabilities are established for estimated warranty costs based upon historical experience and specific warranty provisions. Warranty liabilities are adjusted when experience indicates the expected outcome will differ from initial estimates of the liability. Product warranty liabilities were not material as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. In addition, the Company has contractual arrangements with certain customers, mainly related to Telecommunications products and comprised of design, installation, training and software maintenance services, in which revenue is recognized over time. The performance obligations under these contracts generally require services to be performed over time, resulting in either a straight-line amortization method or an input method using incurred and forecasted expense to predict revenue recognition patterns which follows satisfaction of the performance obligation. Corning’s other revenue was not material for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Contract Assets and Liabilities Contract assets, such as incremental costs to obtain or fulfill contracts, are an insignificant component of Corning’s revenue recognition process. Most of Corning’s fulfillment costs as a manufacturer of products are classified as inventory, fixed assets and intangible assets, which are accounted for under the respective guidance for those asset types. Other fulfillment costs are immaterial due to the nature of the products and their respective manufacturing processes. Contract liabilities include customer deposits, deferred revenue and other advanced payments. Customer deposits are primarily related to Display products and deferred revenue is primarily related to Hemlock Semiconductor Group (“HSG”). Other advanced payments are not significant to operations and are recorded within other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Research and Development Costs Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Research and development costs totaled $0.9 billion, $0.9 billion and $0.8 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions The determination of the functional currency for Corning’s foreign subsidiaries is made based on the appropriate economic factors. For most foreign operations, the local currencies are generally considered to be the functional currencies. Corning’s most significant exception is a Taiwanese subsidiary, which uses the Japanese yen as its functional currency. For all transactions denominated in a currency other than a subsidiary’s functional currency, foreign currency revaluation and remeasurement gains and losses are included in income for the period in which the exchange rates changed. A net foreign currency revaluation and remeasurement gain of $59 million, $130 million and $126 million was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Foreign subsidiary functional currency balance sheet accounts have been translated at period-end exchange rates, and statement of operations accounts have been translated using average exchange rates for the period. Translation gains and losses are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareholders’ equity. The effects of remeasuring non-functional currency assets and liabilities into the functional currency are included in current earnings, except for those related to intra-entity foreign currency transactions of a long-term investment nature which are recorded together with translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareholders’ equity. Upon sale or substantially complete liquidation of an investment in a foreign entity, the amount of net translation gains or losses that have been accumulated in other comprehensive loss attributable to that investment are reported as a gain or loss for the period in which the sale or liquidation occurs. Share-Based Compensation Corning maintains long-term incentive plans (the “Plans”) for employees and non-employee members of its Board of Directors. The Plans are established to grant equity-based compensation awards, including time-based restricted stock and restricted stock units, performance-based restricted stock units, stock options, stock appreciation rights or a combination of awards (collectively, “share-based awards”). 63 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Share-based compensation cost is allocated to cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses and research, development and engineering expenses in the consolidated statements of income. The cost of share-based compensation awards is equal to the fair value of the award at the grant date and compensation expense is recognized for awards expected to ultimately vest. The number of awards expected to vest equals the total awards granted less an estimation of the number of forfeitures expected to occur prior to vesting. The Company reassesses the probability of vesting annually and adjusts share-based compensation expense based on its probability assessment. The forfeiture assumption is ultimately adjusted to the actual forfeiture rate. The effect of any change in estimated forfeitures would be recognized through a cumulative adjustment that would be included in compensation cost in the period of the change in estimate. As a result, changes in the forfeiture assumptions do not impact the total amount of expense ultimately recognized over the service period. Rather, different forfeiture assumptions would only impact the timing of expense recognition over the service period. For awards granted to non-employee members of the Company’s Board of Directors, the Company recognizes the compensation expense over the service period for awards with vesting terms and immediately for awards with no vesting terms. For awards granted to employees, the Company recognizes the compensation expense over the service period. For awards containing retirement provisions that are granted to retirement eligible employees, share-based compensation expense is recognized over the period in which the required service is expected to be met. During the requisite service period, the Company also recognizes a deferred income tax benefit for the expense recognized. At the time of subsequent vesting, exercise, forfeiture, or expiration of an award, the difference between the Company’s actual income tax deduction, if any, and the previously accrued income tax benefit is recognized in current income tax expense/benefit during the current period. Time-Based Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units Time-based restricted stock and restricted stock units are issued by the Company on a discretionary basis and are payable in shares of the Company’s common stock upon vesting. The fair value is based on the closing market price of the Company’s stock on the grant date. Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units Performance-based restricted stock units are issued by the Company on a discretionary basis, earned upon the achievement of certain targets and are payable in shares of the Company’s common stock upon vesting, typically over a three year period. The fair value is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date and assumes that the target payout level will be achieved. Stock Options Corning’s stock option plans provide non-qualified and incentive stock options to purchase authorized but unissued common shares, or treasury shares, at the closing market price on the grant date and generally become exercisable in tranches from one year to five years from the grant date. The maximum term of non-qualified and incentive stock options is 10 years from the grant date. An award is considered vested when the employee’s retention of the award is no longer contingent on providing subsequent service (the “non-substantive vesting period approach”). Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash. Securities with contractual maturities of three months or less, when purchased, are considered cash equivalents. The carrying amount of these securities approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. 64 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) The following table presents supplemental disclosures of cash flow information (in millions): Non-cash transactions: Accruals for capital expenditures Cash paid for interest and income taxes: Interest (1) Income taxes, net of refunds received 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ $ 217 $ 274 $ 213 $ 414 $ 275 $ 426 $ 357 287 377 (1) Includes approximately $40 million, $48 million and $36 million of interest costs that were capitalized as part of property, plant and equipment during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Trade Accounts Receivable, net of Doubtful Accounts The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the best estimate of the amount of probable lifetime credit losses in existing accounts receivable. The Company determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience and expected future default rate by industry. In addition, in circumstances where the Company is made aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, a specific allowance is established. The Company does not have any significant off balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in, first-out method. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net of Accumulated Depreciation Land, buildings and equipment, including precious metals, are recorded at cost. Depreciation is based on the estimated useful life of the respective assets using the straight-line method. The estimated useful lives generally range from 10 to 40 years for buildings and improvements and 2 to 20 years for equipment, excluding precious metals as discussed below. Interest on borrowings is capitalized during the active construction period of major capital projects, added to the cost of the underlying assets and amortized over the useful life of the assets. Included in the subcategory of equipment are the following types of assets (excluding precious metals): Asset type Computer hardware and software Manufacturing equipment Furniture and fixtures Transportation equipment Range of useful life (in years) 3 to 7 2 to 15 5 to 10 3 to 20 Manufacturing equipment includes certain components of production equipment that are constructed of precious metals. These assets are not depreciated because they have very low physical losses and are repeatedly reclaimed and reused in the Company’s manufacturing processes over a very long useful life. The physical loss of precious metals in the manufacturing and reclamation process is treated as depletion and these losses are accounted for as a period expense based on actual units lost. Precious metals are integral to many glass production processes and are only acquired to support operations. These metals are not held for trading or other purposes. 65 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Leases Corning leases certain real estate, vehicles and equipment from third parties, which are classified as operating or finance leases. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and the corresponding lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments for all leases with terms longer than twelve months. To determine the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on information available on the lease commencement date or the implicit rate if it is readily determinable. The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components of a contract for its leases. Renewal and termination options are included in the calculation of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities when considered to be reasonably certain to be exercised. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term for operating leases. Interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use assets relating to finance leases are calculated and recognized using the effective interest and straight-line methods, respectively. Corning does not have any significant agreements as a lessor. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The recoverability of long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, is reviewed when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The Company is required to assess the recoverability of the carrying value of long-lived assets when an indicator of impairment has been identified. The Company performs this review each quarter and exercises judgment in assessing whether impairment indicators are present. When impairment indicators are present, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, including the eventual disposition of the asset group at market value, is compared to the assets’ carrying value to determine if the asset group is recoverable. For an asset group that fails the test of recoverability, the estimated fair value of long-lived assets is determined using an income approach that starts with the forecast of all the expected future net cash flows, including the eventual disposition at market value of long-lived assets, and considers the fair market value of all precious metals, if applicable. The recoverability of the carrying value of long- lived assets is assessed at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. If there is an impairment, a loss is recorded to reflect the difference between the assets’ fair value and carrying value. Goodwill Goodwill reflects the purchase price of a business acquisition in excess of the fair values assigned to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company's goodwill relates, and is assigned directly, to one of our six reporting units. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, by performing a qualitative assessment before performing a quantitative assessment. If the Company determines, based on the qualitative factors considered, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, the Company will not need to proceed to the quantitative goodwill impairment process, except that the Company performs a detailed quantitative assessment at least every three years. The Company’s qualitative assessment is performed by assessing various factors including, but not limited to, expectations for the long-term growth of the business, forecasted future cash flows, changes in macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, other relevant entity-specific events, or a sustained decrease in share price. During the current year, the Company performed its detailed triennial quantitative impairment test as of October 1, 2023 and determined that no goodwill impairment was required as the implied fair values for each of the Company's reporting units significantly exceeded the reporting unit's carrying amount. In estimating the fair value of a reporting unit, the Company used an income approach using a discounted cash flow model. The estimates and key assumptions and inputs used in the model include management’s internal projections of future cash flows, the weighted-average cost of capital and the long-term growth rate. The fair value measurement is classified as a Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy due to the unobservable inputs used. Estimates are based upon historical experience, current knowledge from commercial relationships and available external information about future trends. If the fair value is less than the carrying value, the difference between the implied fair value and the carrying amount would be recorded as an impairment to goodwill. Changes in these estimates and key assumptions could affect the determination of fair value. 66 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Government Assistance The Company receives government assistance, typically in the form of cash incentives primarily for capital expansion projects and tax credits that are refundable or transferable. Incentives are recognized when it is probable that the Company will comply with any contractual conditions and that the incentives will be received. Incentives are classified as an asset when they are recognized but have not been received and as a liability when they are received but have not been recognized. Incentives relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are deducted from the cost of the relevant asset. Incentives relating to project costs or other expenses are recognized in the statements of income as an offset to the related expense. During the year ended December 31, 2023, incentives recognized in net income were $186 million and incentives recognized as a reduction of property, plant and equipment were not material. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $98 million classified within other assets and $61 million classified within other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. Other amounts on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 were not material. During the year ended December 31, 2022, incentives recognized in net income or as a reduction of property, plant and equipment were not material. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $92 million classified within other accrued liabilities and $74 million classified within other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet for cash incentives received, which primarily relate to capital expansion projects within Display Technologies and Pharmaceutical Technologies and are expected to be realized over the next 1-2 years. Other amounts on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 were not material. Environmental Liabilities The Company accrues for its environmental investigation, remediation, operating and maintenance costs when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. For environmental matters, the most likely cost to be incurred is accrued based on an evaluation of currently available facts with respect to each individual site, current laws and regulations and prior remediation experience. For sites with multiple potentially responsible parties, the Company considers its likely proportionate share of the anticipated remediation costs and the ability of the other parties to fulfill obligations in establishing a provision for those costs. Where no amount within a range of estimates is more likely to occur than another, the minimum undiscounted amount is accrued. When future liabilities are determined to be reimbursable by insurance coverage, an accrual is recorded for the potential liability and a receivable is recorded related to the insurance reimbursement when reimbursement is virtually certain. The uncertain nature inherent in such remediation and the possibility that initial estimates may not reflect the outcome could result in additional costs being recognized by the Company in future periods. Equity Method Investments As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Corning had investments in affiliated companies accounted for by the equity method totaling $296 million and $261 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 Corning had sales to affiliated companies of $211 million, $228 million and $312 million, respectively. Equity method investments are reviewed for impairment on a periodic basis, or if an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. This assessment is based on a review of the equity investments’ performance and a review of indicators of impairment to determine whether there is evidence of a loss in value. For an equity investment with impairment indicators, the fair value is measured based on discounted cash flows, or other appropriate valuation methods, depending on the nature of the company involved. If it is probable that the carrying amount of the investment cannot be recovered, the impairment is considered other-than-temporary and recorded in earnings, and the equity investment balance is reduced to its fair value. All equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method are measured at fair value with changes therein reflected in net income. The Company utilizes the measurement alternative for equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values and measures these investments at cost less impairment, plus or minus observable price changes in orderly transactions. These investments were not material as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. 67 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Employee Retirement Plans Corning offers employee retirement plans consisting of defined benefit pension plans covering certain domestic and international employees and postretirement plans that provide health care and life insurance benefits for eligible retirees and dependents. The costs and obligations related to these benefits reflect the Company’s assumptions related to general economic conditions, particularly interest rates, expected return on plan assets, rate of compensation increase for employees and health care cost trend rates. The cost of providing plan benefits depends on demographic assumptions including retirements, mortality, turnover and plan participation. Costs for defined benefit pension plans consist of two elements: (1) on-going costs recognized quarterly, which are comprised of service and interest costs, expected return on plan assets and amortization of prior service costs; and (2) mark-to-market gains and losses outside of the corridor, where the corridor is equal to 10% of the greater of the benefit obligation or the market-related value of plan assets at the beginning of the year, which are recognized annually in the fourth quarter of each year. These gains and losses result from changes in actuarial assumptions and the differences between actual and expected return on plan assets. Any interim remeasurement, triggered by a curtailment, settlement or significant plan change, as well as any true-up to the annual valuation, is recognized as a mark-to-market adjustment in the quarter in which such event occurs. Costs for postretirement benefit plans consist of on-going costs recognized quarterly, and are comprised of service and interest costs, amortization of prior service costs and amortization of actuarial gains and losses. Actuarial gains and losses resulting from changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareholders’ equity on an annual basis and amortized into operating results over the average remaining service period of employees expected to receive benefits under the plans, to the extent such gains and losses are outside the corridor. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to operating loss and tax credit carryforwards and for differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Valuation allowances are established when management is unable to conclude that it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset will ultimately be realized based upon the available evidence, including consideration of tax planning strategies. The effective tax rate reflects the assessment of the ultimate outcome of tax audits. In evaluating the tax benefits associated with the Company’s various tax filing positions, a tax benefit for uncertain tax positions is recorded using the highest cumulative tax benefit that is more likely than not to be realized. Adjustments are made to the asset or liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the period in which the return containing the tax position is filed or when new information becomes available. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including accrued penalties and interest, is included in other accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and within income tax expense in the consolidated statements of income. Discrete events such as audit settlements or changes in tax laws are recognized in the period in which they occur. Generally, Corning will indefinitely reinvest the foreign earnings of: (1) any subsidiary that lacks sufficient local statutory earnings from which to make a distribution or otherwise lacks the ability to repatriate its earnings, (2) any subsidiary where Corning’s intention is to reinvest those earnings in operations, (3) legal entities for which Corning holds a non-controlling interest, (4) any subsidiary with an accumulated deficit in earnings and profits, or (5) any subsidiary where a future distribution would trigger a significant net cost. Fair Value Measurements Major categories of financial assets and liabilities, including short-term investments, other assets and derivatives, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when impaired, which include long-lived assets, goodwill, equity method investments, other investments and asset retirement obligations. Non-financial assets and liabilities or financial assets and liabilities other than derivatives measured at fair value either on a recurring or nonrecurring basis were not significant as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. 68 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required to be recorded at fair value, the principal, or most advantageous, market in which Corning would transact is analyzed. Assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and risk of non-performance, are considered. A three-level valuation hierarchy, based upon the observable and unobservable inputs, is used for fair value measurements. Observable inputs are based on market data or independent sources while unobservable inputs are based on the Company’s own market assumptions. Once inputs have been characterized, the inputs are prioritized into one of three broad levels used to measure fair value: Level 1, quoted market prices in active markets for identical instruments, Level 2, significant other observable inputs and Level 3, significant unobservable inputs. Derivative Instruments The Company enters into a variety of foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign exchange option contracts to manage the exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Financial exposure is managed in accordance with corporate policies and procedures. The Company also utilizes derivatives that are bifurcated from its precious metals lease contracts to manage the exposure of its separate accounting pool of leased precious metals to changes in market prices. The most significant foreign currency exposures relate to the Japanese yen, South Korean won, New Taiwan dollar, Chinese yuan and the euro. Corning seeks to mitigate the impact of exchange rate movements in the income statement by using over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative instruments including foreign exchange forward and option contracts. In general, the expirations of these contracts coincide with the timing of the underlying foreign currency commitments and transactions. Corning is exposed to potential losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to these derivative contracts. However, this risk is minimized by maintaining a portfolio with a diverse group of highly-rated major financial institutions. The Company does not expect to record any losses due to counterparty default. Neither the Company nor its counterparties are required to post collateral for these financial instruments. All derivatives are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair values of these derivative contracts are recorded as either assets (gain position) or liabilities (loss position) on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are not recognized in current operating results but are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Amounts related to cash flow hedges are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss when the underlying hedged item impacts earnings. This reclassification is recorded within the same line item of the consolidated statements of income where the underlying hedged transaction was recorded, typically sales, cost of sales or other income, net. Changes in the fair value, excluding the time value component, of derivatives designated as fair value hedges are recognized in current operating results within other income, net in the consolidated statements of income. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are recognized within translated earnings contract gain, net and other income, net in the consolidated statements of income. Designated Hedges Corning uses OTC foreign exchange forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges, with maturities through 2024, to reduce the risk that movements in exchange rates will adversely affect the net cash flows resulting from the sale of products to customers and purchases from suppliers. Corning defers gains and losses related to the cash flow hedges into accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets until the hedged item impacts earnings. As of December 31, 2023, the amount expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months is a pre-tax gain of $58 million. Corning has entered into leases of precious metals, with maturities through 2025. To offset the risk of changes in the fair value of the Company’s separate accounting pool of leased precious metals due to adverse changes in the respective market prices, Corning designated the bifurcated embedded derivatives included in these leases as fair value hedges. The gain or loss on the derivatives, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, are recognized in current earnings. The amounts representing the time value component of the derivatives are excluded from the assessment of effectiveness and amortized in earnings. The impact of the excluded component is not material. Corning uses regression analysis or the critical term match method to assess initial hedge effectiveness. Following the inception of a hedging relationship, hedge effectiveness is assessed quarterly based on qualitative factors. 69 Table of Contents 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Net Investment Hedges From time to time, Corning utilizes derivative and non-derivative net investment hedges to offset risk against investments in foreign subsidiaries with non-USD functional currencies. Changes in the value of these hedging instruments due to foreign currency gains or losses are deferred in other comprehensive loss on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, within the foreign currency translation adjustments and other line, and will remain in accumulated other comprehensive loss until the hedged investment is sold or substantially liquidated. We evaluate the effectiveness of the net investment hedges each quarter using the critical terms match method. Undesignated Hedges Corning uses OTC foreign exchange forward and option contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes to offset foreign currency risks. The undesignated hedges limit exposure to foreign functional currency fluctuations related to certain subsidiaries’ monetary assets, monetary liabilities and net earnings in foreign currencies. A significant portion of the Company’s non-U.S. revenue and expenses are denominated in Japanese yen, South Korean won, New Taiwan dollar, Chinese yuan and euro. When this revenue and these expenses are translated back to U.S. dollars, the Company is exposed to foreign exchange rate movements. To protect translated earnings against movements in these currencies, the Company has entered into a series of average rate forwards and option contracts. Most of these contracts hedge a significant portion of the Company’s exposure to the Chinese yuan, Japanese yen and South Korean won. The Company has contracts through 2025 for the Japanese yen and 2026 for both the Chinese yuan and South Korean won. New Accounting Standards In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 improves segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and application should be applied retrospectively, unless it is impracticable to do so. We are currently assessing the potential impact of adopting ASU 2023-07 on our consolidated financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and application may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing the potential impact of adopting ASU 2023-09 on our consolidated financial statements. 70 Table of Contents Table of Contents 2. Restructuring, Impairment and Other Charges and Credits Corning periodically assesses the operating efficiency and cost structure of the Company’s asset base and global workforce and takes appropriate actions to align corporate resources with the business environment. The following table presents the restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (in millions): Severance (1) Capacity optimization Other charges and credits (2) Total restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 187 $ 176 108 471 $ 70 $ 219 125 414 $ (13) 46 77 110 (1) Severance charges in the year ended December 31, 2023 include $20 million in curtailment and special termination benefit charges. (2) Other charges and credits primarily includes disposal costs and inventory write-downs. During the year ended December 31, 2023, Corning recorded $471 million in severance, asset write-offs and other related charges. Capacity optimization charges include asset write-offs associated with the exit of certain facilities, product lines and other exit activities primarily within Optical Communications, Specialty Materials and Life Sciences. Severance charges were recorded across all segments and as of December 31, 2023, the severance accrual of $118 million was reflected within other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet and is expected to be substantially completed within the next twelve months. During the year ended December 31, 2022, Corning recorded $414 million in severance, accelerated depreciation, asset write-offs and other related charges. Capacity optimization charges include accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs associated with the exit of certain facilities, product lines and other exit activities primarily within Display Technologies, Specialty Materials and an emerging growth business. Severance charges were recorded across all segments and as of December 31, 2022, the severance accrual was $66 million and reflected within other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. 71 Table of Contents 2. Restructuring, Impairment and Other Charges and Credits (Continued) The following tables present the impact and respective location of total restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits in the consolidated statements of income (in millions): Selling, general and Year ended December 31, 2023 Research, development and engineering expenses Gross margin (1) administrative expenses Other Total Severance Capacity optimization Other charges and credits Total restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits Severance Capacity optimization Other charges and credits Total restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits $ $ $ $ 65 $ 121 97 283 $ 69 $ 21 1 91 $ 33 $ 13 46 $ 20 $ 21 10 51 $ Selling, general and Year ended December 31, 2022 Research, development and engineering expenses Gross margin (1) administrative expenses Other Total 25 $ 215 97 337 $ 32 $ 4 15 51 $ 13 3 $ 16 $ $ 10 10 $ Severance Capacity optimization Other charges and credits Total restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits $ $ (1) Activity reflected in cost of sales. Gross margin (1) (6) $ 36 50 80 $ 72 Selling, general and Year ended December 31, 2021 Research, development and engineering expenses administrative expenses Other Total (5) $ 7 (5) (3) $ (2) 3 $ 1 $ $ 32 32 $ 187 176 108 471 70 219 125 414 (13) 46 77 110 Table of Contents 3. Revenue Disaggregated Revenue The following table shows revenue by major product category, similar to the Company’s reportable segment disclosure. Within each product category, contract terms, conditions and economic factors affecting the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty around revenue recognition and cash flows are substantially similar. The commercial markets and selling channels are also similar. Except for an insignificant number of Telecommunications products, product category revenues are recognized at the point in time when control transfers to the customer. The following table presents revenues by product category (in millions): Telecommunication products Display products Specialty glass products Environmental substrate and filter products Life science products Polycrystalline silicon products All other products Total Revenue Customer Deposits 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 4,012 $ 2,694 1,854 1,660 922 1,014 432 12,588 $ 5,023 $ 2,829 1,996 1,492 1,187 1,191 471 14,189 $ 4,349 3,666 2,008 1,584 1,232 892 351 14,082 As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Corning had customer deposits of approximately $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively. Most of these customer deposits were non-refundable and allowed customers to secure rights to products produced by Corning under long-term supply agreements. The duration of these long-term supply agreements ranges up to 10 years. As products are delivered to customers, Corning will recognize revenue and reduce the amount of the customer deposit liability. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, customer deposits recognized were $103 million and $198 million, respectively. Refer to Note 9 (Other Assets and Other Liabilities) for additional information. Deferred Revenue As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Corning had deferred revenue of approximately $860 million and $869 million, respectively. Deferred revenue was primarily related to the performance obligations of non-refundable consideration previously received by HSG from its customers under long term supply agreements. Deferred revenue is tracked on a per-customer contract-unit basis. As customers take delivery of the committed volumes under the terms of the contract, a per-unit amount of deferred revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods is transferred to the customer based upon the units delivered compared to the remaining contractual units. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the amount of deferred revenue recognized in the consolidated statements of income was not material. Refer to Note 9 (Other Assets and Other Liabilities) for additional information. 73 Table of Contents 4. Inventories Inventories consisted of the following (in millions): Finished goods Work in process Raw materials and accessories Supplies and packing materials Inventories 5. Leases December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 1,242 $ 551 445 428 2,666 $ The following table presents the components of lease cost (in millions) (1): Operating lease cost Variable lease cost Short-term lease cost Total lease cost 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 171 $ 57 2 230 $ 147 $ 51 2 200 $ 1,315 571 537 481 2,904 139 59 2 200 (1) Finance lease costs were not material for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. The following table presents the components of cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities (in millions) (1): Operating cash outflows from operating leases $ 153 $ 116 $ 134 (1) Cash payments for operating leases have been classified as operating activities on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Principal and interest payments for finance leases have been classified as financing activities and operating activities, respectively, on the consolidated statements of cash flows, and were not material for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. The following table presents supplemental consolidated balance sheet information (in millions, except lease term and discount rate) (1): 2023 December 31, 2022 2021 Operating lease right-of-use assets Operating lease liabilities - current Operating lease liabilities - noncurrent Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) Weighted-average discount rate (1) Finance leases were not material as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. Location of lease balances 2023 2022 December 31, Other assets Other current liabilities Other liabilities $ $ $ 883 112 846 $ $ $ 13.6 4.4% 842 111 795 14.3 4.2% 74 Table of Contents 5. Leases (Continued) As of December 31, 2023, maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows (in millions) (1): 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 After 2028 Total operating payments Less: imputed discount Present value of lease payments (1) Finance leases were not material as of December 31, 2023. December 31, 2023 140 $ 116 $ 104 $ 89 $ 80 $ 782 $ 1,311 $ 353 $ 958 $ As of December 31, 2023, Corning had additional operating leases, primarily for new production equipment, that have not yet commenced or been recorded, of approximately $138 million on an undiscounted basis. These operating leases will commence in 2025 with lease terms of 4 years. 6. Income Taxes The following table presents the components of income before income taxes (in millions): U.S. companies Non-U.S. companies Income before income taxes 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 105 $ 711 816 $ 1,157 $ 640 1,797 $ 1,282 1,144 2,426 The following table presents the current and deferred amounts of the provision for income taxes (in millions): Current: Federal State and municipal Foreign Deferred: Federal State and municipal Foreign Provision for income taxes Amounts reflected in the preceding tables are based on the location of the taxing authorities. 75 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ (82) $ (13) (148) 76 7 (8) (168) $ (191) $ (16) (250) 52 8 (14) (411) $ (172) (13) (290) (97) (7) 88 (491) Table of Contents 6. Income Taxes (Continued) The following table presents the reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective tax rate: Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate State income tax (benefit) provision, net of federal effect Tax credits Non-Taxable Items Foreign derived intangible income Stock compensation Remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities Differential arising from foreign earnings (1) Non-deductible Items Audit settlements & change in reserve Valuation allowance Intercompany loan adjustment Global intangible low-taxed income Other items, net Effective tax rate (1) Includes impact of intercompany asset sales. Year ended December 31, 2022 21.0% 0.7 (3.3) (2.7) (0.8) (0.1) 2.2 3.7 2.1 0.6 (0.5) 22.9% 2023 21.0% (0.3) (6.9) (4.0) (2.3) (2.1) (0.3) 0.3 4.7 4.8 5.7 20.6% 2021 21.0% 1.0 (2.6) (1.3) (1.5) 2.0 1.4 1.6 (0.5) 0.2 (1.1) 20.2% During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company distributed an immaterial amount from foreign subsidiaries to their respective U.S. parent companies. As of December 31, 2023, Corning has approximately $1.4 billion of indefinitely reinvested foreign earnings. It remains impracticable to calculate the tax cost of repatriating unremitted earnings which are considered indefinitely reinvested. The following table presents the tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards that gave rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities (in millions): Loss and tax credit carryforwards Other assets Research and development capitalization Asset impairments and restructuring reserves Postretirement medical and life benefits Other accrued liabilities Other employee benefits Gross deferred tax assets Valuation allowances Total deferred tax assets Intangible and other assets Fixed assets Finance leases Total deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax assets December 31, 2023 2022 275 $ 245 362 43 103 319 344 1,691 (207) 1,484 (117) (223) (209) (549) 935 $ 281 232 280 41 102 311 346 1,593 (166) 1,427 (108) (289) (200) (597) 830 $ $ (1) The Company also has Luxembourg deferred tax asset net operating losses of up to $3.1 billion that have a remote possibility of realization and therefore, are not recognized in the deferred tax table above. 76 Table of Contents 6. Income Taxes (Continued) Net deferred tax assets on the consolidated balance sheets consisted of the following (in millions): Deferred tax assets Other liabilities Net deferred tax assets December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 1,153 $ (218) 935 $ 1,073 (243) 830 The following table presents details of the deferred tax assets for loss and tax credit carryforwards (in millions): Total 2024-2028 2029-2033 2034-2038 Indefinite Expiration Net operating losses Tax credits Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ $ 274 $ 1 275 $ 63 $ 63 $ 38 $ 1 39 $ 33 $ 33 $ The following table presents the changes in the deferred tax valuation allowance (in millions): Balance as of January 1 Additions Reductions Balance as of December 31 2023 2022 2021 $ $ 166 $ 66 (25) 207 $ 138 $ 81 (53) 166 $ The following table presents the reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits (in millions): Balance as of January 1 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year Additions for tax positions of prior years Reductions for tax positions of prior years Settlements and lapse of statute of limitations Balance as of December 31 2023 2022 2021 $ $ 206 $ 54 127 (3) (11) 373 $ 178 $ 10 24 (5) (1) 206 $ 140 140 167 13 (42) 138 131 54 17 (21) (3) 178 During 2020, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) opened an audit for tax years 2015-2018. In addition, during 2023, the IRS opened an audit for tax years 2019- 2020. The Company does not expect additional material exposure for the tax years under audit. However, if upon conclusion of these matters, the ultimate determination of taxes owed is for an amount materially different than the current position, the overall tax expense and effective tax rate could be materially impacted in the period of adjustment. The additions for tax positions of prior years were primarily due to tax audits, development of tax court cases and tax law changes in various jurisdictions. Included in the balance as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 are $174 million, $169 million and $120 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits that would impact the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized. Interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions are recognized as part of tax expense. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 the amounts recognized were not material. 77 Table of Contents 6. Income Taxes (Continued) It is possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change due to one or more of the following events during the next twelve months: audit activity, tax payments, or final decisions in matters that are the subject of controversy in various jurisdictions. The Company believes that adequate tax reserves are provided for these matters. However, if upon conclusion of these matters, the ultimate determination of taxes owed is for an amount materially different than the current reserves, the Company’s overall tax expense and effective tax rate could be materially impacted in the period of adjustment. As of December 31, 2023, the Company is not expecting any significant movements in the uncertain tax benefits in the next twelve months. Corning Incorporated, as the common parent company, and all 80%-or-more-owned of its U.S. subsidiaries join in the filing of consolidated U.S. federal income tax returns. The statute of limitations is closed for all periods ending through December 31, 2013. All returns for periods ended through December 31, 2014, have been audited by and settled with the IRS. Corning Incorporated and its U.S. subsidiaries file income tax returns on a combined, unitary or stand-alone basis in multiple state and local jurisdictions, which generally have statutes of limitations ranging from 3 to 5 years. Various state income tax returns are currently in the process of examination or administrative appeal. The Company does not expect any material proposed adjustments from any of these audits. Corning’s foreign subsidiaries file income tax returns in the countries where their operations are located. Generally, these countries have statutes of limitations ranging from 3 to 10 years. The statute of limitations is closed through the following years in these major jurisdictions: China (2014), Japan (2016), Taiwan (2018) and South Korea (2014). Corning Precision Materials, a South Korean subsidiary, is currently appealing certain tax assessments and tax refund claims for tax years 2010 through 2019. The Company was required to deposit the disputed tax amounts with the South Korean government as a condition of its appeal of any tax assessment. During 2023, $99 million was no longer under dispute and was refunded to the Company. The non-current receivable balance was $261 million and $349 million as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, for the amount on deposit with the South Korean government. Corning believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will prevail in the appeals process relating to these matters. 7. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net of Accumulated Depreciation Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation consisted of the following (in millions): Land Buildings Equipment (1) Construction in progress Subtotal Accumulated depreciation Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation (2) December 31, 2023 2022 412 $ 5,931 20,896 1,944 29,183 (14,553) 14,630 $ 420 5,963 20,800 2,335 29,518 (14,147) 15,371 $ $ (1) Manufacturing equipment includes certain components of production equipment that are constructed of precious metals. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the carrying value of precious metals was $3.1 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively, and significantly lower than the fair market value. Depletion expense for precious metals for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $35 million, $27 million and $28 million, respectively. (2) Approximately $40 million, $48 million and $36 million of interest costs were capitalized as part of property, plant and equipment during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 78 Table of Contents 8. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (in millions): Optical Communications Display Technologies Specialty Materials Life Sciences Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Balance as of December 31, 2021 Acquired goodwill Foreign currency translation adjustment and other Balance as of December 31, 2022 Foreign currency translation adjustment and other Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ $ $ 915 $ 4 (14) 905 $ (1) 904 $ 125 $ (4) 121 $ (2) 119 $ 150 $ 1 151 $ 151 $ 616 $ 615 $ (10) 606 $ 1 607 $ (4) 611 $ (12) 599 $ Total 2,421 5 (32) 2,394 (14) 2,380 Corning’s gross goodwill balance and accumulated impairment losses were $8.9 billion and $6.5 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. Accumulated impairment losses were generated primarily through goodwill impairments related to the Optical Communications segment. Management completed its fiscal 2023 annual impairment test as of October 1, 2023. The impairment test resulted in implied fair values of our reporting units that substantially exceeded each reporting unit’s carrying value. Based on the quantitative test performed in 2023, no goodwill impairment was required. Other Intangible Assets, Net Other intangible assets, net consisted of the following (in millions): 2023 Accumulated amortization Gross December 31, Net Gross 2022 Accumulated amortization Net Amortized intangible assets: Patents, trademarks & trade names Customer lists and other (1) Other intangible assets, net $ $ 493 $ 1,464 1,957 $ 318 $ 734 1,052 $ 175 $ 730 905 $ 496 $ 1,461 1,957 $ 300 $ 628 928 $ 196 833 1,029 (1) Other consists of intangible assets related to developed technologies and intellectual know-how. Corning’s amortized intangible assets are primarily related to Optical Communications, Life Sciences and certain businesses within Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses. The net carrying amount of intangible assets decreased during the year, primarily driven by amortization of $122 million. Annual amortization expense is expected to be approximately $126 million, $119 million, $98 million, $94 million and $88 million for years 2024 through 2028, respectively. 79 Table of Contents 9. Other Assets and Other Liabilities Other assets consisted of the following (in millions): Current assets: Derivative instruments (Note 13) Other current assets Other current assets Non-current assets: Derivative instruments (Note 13) South Korean tax deposits (Note 6) Operating leases (Note 5) Investments Other non-current assets Other assets Other liabilities consisted of the following (in millions): Current liabilities: Wages and employee benefits Income taxes (Note 6) Derivative instruments (Note 13) Deferred revenue (Note 3) Customer deposits (Note 3) Share repurchase liability (Note 14) Short-term operating leases (Note 5) Other current liabilities Other accrued liabilities Non-current liabilities: Defined benefit pension plan liabilities (Note 11) Derivative instruments (Note 13) Deferred revenue (Note 3) Customer deposits (Note 3) Deferred tax liabilities (Note 6) Long-term operating leases (Note 5) Other non-current liabilities Other liabilities 80 December 31, 2023 2022 501 $ 694 1,195 $ 130 $ 261 883 414 532 2,220 $ December 31, 2023 2022 609 $ 69 66 181 148 112 1,348 2,533 $ 721 $ 31 679 1,083 218 846 1,131 4,709 $ 454 703 1,157 224 349 842 360 404 2,179 727 127 174 144 132 506 111 1,226 3,147 668 17 725 1,137 243 795 1,370 4,955 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Table of Contents 10. Debt Debt consisted of the following (in millions): Long-term debt Medium-term notes, average rate 0.70%, due through 2024 Debentures, 6.85%, due 2029 Debentures, callable, 7.25%, due 2036 Debentures, 4.70%, due 2037 Debentures, 5.75%, due 2040 Debentures, 4.75%, due 2042 Debentures, 5.35%, due 2048 Debentures, 3.90%, due 2049 Debentures, 4.375%, due 2057 Debentures, 5.85%, due 2068 Debentures, 5.45%, due 2079 Yen-denominated debentures, 0.698%, due 2024 Yen-denominated debentures, 0.722%, due 2025 Yen-denominated debentures, 0.992%, due 2027 Yen-denominated debentures, 1.043%, due 2028 Yen-denominated debentures, 1.219%, due 2030 Yen-denominated debentures, 1.153%, due 2031 Yen-denominated debentures, 1.583%, due 2037 Yen-denominated debentures, 1.513%, due 2039 Euro-denominated notes, 3.875%, due 2026 Euro-denominated notes, 4.125%, due 2031 Financing Leases, average discount rate 4.6%, due through 2043 Other, average rate 3.85%, due through 2043 Total long-term debt, including current portion Less current portion of long-term debt Long-term debt December 31, 2023 2022 149 $ 157 249 296 396 497 545 395 743 297 1,086 71 263 181 177 221 71 41 330 602 195 564 7,526 320 7,206 $ 45 159 249 296 396 496 544 395 743 297 1,086 160 76 358 232 190 237 76 45 190 641 6,911 224 6,687 $ $ Based on borrowing rates currently available to us for loans with similar terms and maturities, the fair value of long-term debt was $7.0 billion and $6.1 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, compared to recorded book values of $7.2 billion and $6.7 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company measures the fair value of its long-term debt using Level 2 inputs based primarily on current market yields for its existing debt traded in the secondary market. Corning did not have outstanding commercial paper as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. During 2022, Corning amended and restated its existing revolving credit agreement, which provides a committed $1.5 billion unsecured multi-currency line of credit, primarily to extend the term to 2027. There were no outstanding amounts under this facility as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. In addition, Corning had a 25 billion Japanese yen liquidity facility, which was schedule to mature in 2025. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the 25 billion Japanese yen liquidity facility was terminated. There were never any amounts outstanding under this facility. 81 Table of Contents 10. Debt (Continued) Corning is the obligor to Chinese yuan-denominated unsecured variable rate loan facilities, whose proceeds are used for capital investment and general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, amounts outstanding under these facilities totaled $293 million and $352 million, respectively, and these facilities had variable interest rates ranging from 3.2% to 4.1% and 3.3% to 4.3%, respectively, and maturities ranging from 2024 to 2032. As of December 31, 2023, Corning had 779 million Chinese yuan of unused capacity, equivalent to approximately $110 million. The following table presents debt maturities by year as of December 31, 2023 (in millions) (1): 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Thereafter $ 320 $ 188 $ 397 $ 312 $ 210 $ 6,203 (1) Excludes impact of an interest rate swap, bond discounts and deferred expenses. Debt Issuances and Redemptions In the fourth quarter of 2023, Corning repurchased ¥14.7 billion (equivalent to $100 million) of ¥9.8 billion 0.992% notes due 2027 and ¥4.9 billion 1.043% notes due 2028. The repurchase transactions resulted in an insignificant gain in the current period. On May 15, 2023, the Company issued €300 million 3.875% Notes due 2026 ( “2026 Notes”) and €550 million 4.125% Notes due 2031 ( “2031 Notes”). The proceeds from the 2026 Notes and 2031 Notes were received in euros and converted to U.S. dollars on the date of issuance. The net proceeds received were approximately $918 million and will be used for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023, the U.S. dollar equivalent carrying value of the euro-denominated long-term debt was $932 million. The full amounts of the 2026 Notes and 2031 Notes have been designated as net investment hedges against our investments in certain European subsidiaries with euro functional currencies. Refer to Note 13 (Financial Instruments) for additional information. During the year ended December 31, 2021, Corning redeemed $375 million of 2.9% debentures due in 2022 and $250 million of 3.7% debentures due in 2023, paying premiums of $10 million and $19 million, respectively, by exercising the make-whole call. The bond redemptions resulted in an $11 million and $20 million loss, respectively. Losses on bond redemption have been recorded within other income, net in the consolidated statements of income. 11. Employee Retirement Plans Defined Benefit Plans Corning has defined benefit pension plans covering certain domestic and international employees. The Company may contribute, as necessary, an amount exceeding the minimum requirements to achieve the Company’s long-term funding targets. During the year ended December 31, 2023, voluntary cash contributions to domestic plans were not material and cash contributions of $25 million were made to international pension plans. During the year ended December 31, 2022, voluntary cash contributions were not material to domestic and international defined benefit plans. In 2024, the Company plans to make cash contributions of $11 million to international pension plans. Corning offers postretirement plans that provide health care and life insurance benefits for retirees and eligible dependents. Certain employees may become eligible for such postretirement benefits upon reaching retirement age and service requirements. In 2023 and 2022, no voluntary cash contributions were made to domestic postretirement plans. For current retirees (including surviving spouses) and active employees eligible for the salaried retiree medical program, Corning has placed a “cap” on the amount to be contributed toward retiree medical coverage in the future. The cap is equal to 120% of the 2005 contributions toward retiree medical benefits. Once contributions toward salaried retiree medical costs reach this cap, impacted retirees will have to pay the excess amount in addition to their regular contributions for coverage. This cap was attained for post-65 retirees in 2008 and attained for pre-65 retirees in 2010. Furthermore, employees hired or rehired on or after January 1, 2007 will be eligible for Corning retiree medical benefits upon retirement; however, these employees will pay 100% of the cost. 82 Table of Contents 11. Employee Retirement Plans (Continued) Obligations and Funded Status The following table presents the change in benefit obligation and the funded status of the defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans (in millions): Domestic pension benefits 2022 2023 International pension benefits 2023 2022 Postretirement benefits 2022 2023 Change in benefit obligation Benefit obligation at beginning of year Service cost Interest cost Plan participants’ contributions Plan amendments Actuarial gain Other (1) Benefits paid Foreign currency translation Benefit obligation at end of year Change in plan assets Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year Actual gain (loss) on plan assets Employer contributions Plan participants’ contributions Benefits paid Foreign currency translation Fair value of plan assets at end of year Funded status at end of year Fair value of plan assets Benefit obligations Funded status of plans Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: Noncurrent asset Current liability Noncurrent liability Recognized liability Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of: Net actuarial loss (gain) Prior service cost (credit) Amounts recognized at end of year $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 3,182 $ 80 168 89 14 (222) 4,075 $ 105 98 28 (925) 3 (202) 3,311 $ 3,182 $ 2,683 $ 281 18 3,598 $ (728) 15 (222) (202) 2,760 $ 2,683 $ 2,760 $ (3,311) (551) $ 2,683 $ (3,182) (499) $ (17) $ (534) (551) $ 259 $ 34 293 $ $ (18) (481) (499) $ 259 $ 44 303 $ 549 $ 18 20 9 (3) (25) 10 578 $ 381 $ 10 32 (25) 7 405 $ 405 $ (578) (173) $ 24 $ (8) (189) (173) $ 10 $ 10 $ 736 $ 22 11 (137) (1) (21) (61) 549 $ 584 $ (139) 8 (21) (51) 381 $ 381 $ (549) (168) $ 26 (7) $ (187) (168) $ (2) $ (1) (3) $ 434 $ 5 23 9 (7) 1 (40) 425 $ 5 $ 26 9 (40) — $ — $ (425) (425) $ (27) $ (398) (425) $ (212) $ (10) (222) $ 654 9 15 7 (209) (42) 434 9 31 7 (42) 5 5 (434) (429) (22) (407) (429) (226) (15) (241) (1) Other consists of domestic plan special termination benefits charge and curtailment and international plan settlements. Refer to Note 2 (Restructuring, Impairment and Other Charges and Credits) in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for more information. 83 Table of Contents 11. Employee Retirement Plans (Continued) Across total pension benefits, an actuarial loss of $0.1 billion was recognized in 2023 primarily due to decreases in bond yields during the year, leading to domestic and international plan weighted-average discount rates that were 34 and 16 basis points lower, respectively, than the prior year. In 2022, an actuarial gain of $1.1 billion was recognized primarily due to increases in bond yields during the year, leading to domestic and international plan weighted-average discount rates that were 263 and 126 basis points higher, respectively, than the prior year. The accumulated benefit obligation for defined benefit pension plans was $3.7 billion and $3.5 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, postretirement benefits actuarial gains of $7 million and $209 million, respectively, were recognized. The decrease in actuarial gain recognized is primarily due to changes in weighted-average discount rates in response to bond yields during the year. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the changes in weighted-average discount rates were a decrease of 34 basis points and an increase of 259 basis points, respectively. The following table presents information for pension plans where the projected benefit obligation or the accumulated benefit obligation exceeded the fair value of plan assets (in millions): Projected benefit obligation Fair value of plan assets Accumulated benefit obligation Fair value of plan assets December 31, 2023 2022 3,540 $ 2,791 $ 3,376 $ 2,791 $ 3,406 2,712 3,238 2,712 $ $ $ $ The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit expense (income) for employee retirement plans, which other than the service cost component is recorded in other income, net in the consolidated statements of income (in millions): Service cost Interest cost Expected return on plan assets Amortization of prior service cost (credit) Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss Recognition of actuarial (gain) loss Total net periodic benefit expense (income) Settlement charge Curtailment charge Special termination benefit charge Total expense (income) Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income: Curtailment effects Settlements Current year actuarial (loss) gain Amortization of actuarial gain (loss) Recognition of actuarial gain (loss) Current year prior service cost Amortization of prior service (cost) credit Total recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income Domestic pension benefits 2022 2021 2023 International pension benefits 2022 2021 2023 $ 102 78 (209) 4 10 (15) $ $ 18 20 (13) 1 26 $ $ $ 22 11 (9) (1) 8 31 2 $ $ (15) $ 26 $ 33 $ 28 Postretirement benefits 2022 2021 2023 $ 5 23 (5) (22) $ 9 15 (5) (5) 1 $ 14 $ 1 2 $ 14 $ 10 15 (6) 2 21 21 $ 25 10 (7) (1) 1 28 $ $ $ $ 105 98 (210) 6 $ 29 28 2 30 $ $ $ $ $ 80 168 (176) 6 (16) 62 $ 3 15 80 $ $ $ (4) (16) $ 16 $ (105) $ 16 (6) (10) $ (29) 28 (6) 9 $ $ (10) (4) (119) $ 84 $ 14 1 15 $ 11 (27) $ 20 1 5 $ (7) $ (1) 1 (7) $ $ 5 22 (209) $ 5 (8) 19 $ 5 (199) $ (105) (2) 6 (101) Table of Contents 11. Employee Retirement Plans (Continued) Corning uses a hypothetical yield curve and associated spot rate curve to discount the plan’s projected benefit payments. Once the present value of projected benefit payments is calculated, the suggested discount rate is equal to the level rate that results in the same present value. The yield curve is based on actual high-quality corporate bonds across the full maturity spectrum, which also includes private placements and eurobonds that are denominated in U.S. currency. The curve is developed from yields on hundreds of bonds from four grading sources, Moody’s, S&P, Fitch and the Dominion Bond Rating Service. A bond will be included if at least half of the grades from these sources are Aa, non-callable bonds. The very highest 10% yields and the lowest 40% yields are excluded from the curve to eliminate outliers in the bond population. Mortality is one of the key assumptions used in valuing liabilities of retirement plans. It is used to assign a probability of payment for benefits that are contingent upon participants’ survival. To make this assumption, benefit plan sponsors typically use a base mortality table and an improvement scale to mortality rates for future anticipated changes to historical death rates. As of December 31, 2021, Corning updated the adjustment factors applied to its base mortality assumption (PRI-2012 white collar table and PRI-2012 blue collar table for non-union and union participants, respectively) to value its U.S. benefit plan obligation, with no change in 2022 or 2023. In addition, Corning also updated to the MP-2020 projection scale and the mortality assumption applied to disabled participants (PRI-2012 disabled mortality base table with future improvements using MP- 2020) for the year ended December 31, 2020, with no change in 2022 or 2023. As the Society of Actuaries publishes additional mortality improvement scales and base mortality tables, Corning considers these revised schedules in setting its mortality assumptions. Measurement of postretirement benefit expense is based on assumptions used to value the postretirement benefit obligation at the beginning of the year. The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: Discount rate Rate of compensation increase Cash balance crediting rate Employee contributions crediting rate Pension benefits Domestic 2023 5.16% 3.97% 4.22% 5.25% 2022 5.50% 3.48% 4.14% 4.62% 2021 2.87% 3.50% 3.86% 1.57% International 2022 2.46% 3.73% 0.82% 2023 2.30% 3.74% 0.82% 2021 1.20% 3.63% 0.91% Postretirement benefits 2023 2022 5.24% 5.58% 2.99% 2021 The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit expense (income): Discount rate Expected return on plan assets Rate of compensation increase Cash balance crediting rate Employee contributions crediting rate Pension benefits Domestic 2023 5.50% 6.75% 3.87% 3.86% 4.62% 2022 2.88% 6.00% 3.50% 3.86% 1.57% 2021 2.50% 6.00% 4.16% 3.84% 0.62% International 2022 1.20% 1.64% 3.63% 0.91% 2023 2.46% 3.85% 3.73% 0.82% 2021 1.02% 1.26% 3.55% 0.94% Postretirement benefits 2023 2022 5.58% 2.99% 2.69% 2021 The following table presents the assumed health care trend rates: Assumed health care trend rates as of December 31 Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year (pre-65 / post-65 retirees) Ultimate health care trend rate Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate 85 2023 2022 6.75% / 14.75% 7.00% / 4.25% 5% 2031 5% 2031 Table of Contents 11. Employee Retirement Plans (Continued) Plan Assets The Company’s primary objective is to ensure the plan has sufficient return on assets to fund the plan’s current and future obligations as they become due. Investments are primarily made in public securities to ensure adequate liquidity to support benefit payments. Domestic and international stocks provide diversification to the portfolio. The target allocation range equity investment is 50% which includes large, mid and small-cap companies and investments in both developed and emerging markets. The target allocation for bond investments is 50%, which predominately includes corporate bonds. Long-duration fixed income assets are utilized to mitigate the sensitivity of funding ratios to changes in interest rates. The following table presents the fair values of domestic defined benefit and post-retirement benefit plan assets, by asset category (in millions): Equity securities: U.S. companies International companies Fixed income: U.S. treasury bonds U.S. corporate bonds Preferred securities Private equity (1) Real estate (2) Cash equivalents Total December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 $ 1,260 $ 9 $ 1,251 $ 1,168 $ 63 $ 1,105 204 946 1 3 346 2,760 $ 204 339 552 $ 946 1 $ 7 2,205 $ $ 400 1,060 1 24 7 28 2,688 $ 400 28 491 $ 1,060 1 $ 2,166 $ 3 3 $ 24 7 31 (1) This category includes venture capital, leverage buyouts and distressed debt limited partnerships invested primarily in U.S. companies. The inputs are valued by discounted cash flow analysis and comparable sale analysis. (2) This category includes industrial, office, apartments, hotels, infrastructure and retail investments which are limited partnerships predominately in the U.S. The inputs are valued by discounted cash flow analysis; comparable sale analysis and periodic external appraisals. The following table presents the fair values of international defined benefit plan assets, by asset category (in millions): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fixed income: International fixed income Insurance contracts Mortgages Cash equivalents Other Total $ $ 96 $ 195 43 59 12 405 $ 96 59 $ 155 $ - $ 86 $ 195 43 12 250 $ 87 $ 192 42 48 12 381 $ 87 48 1 136 $ $ - $ 192 42 11 245 Table of Contents 11. Employee Retirement Plans (Continued) The following table presents the changes in the fair value of the defined benefit plans’ Level 3 assets (in millions): Domestic Balance as of December 31, 2021 Actual return on plan assets relating to assets still held at the reporting date Actual return on plan assets relating to assets sold during the reporting period Asset (sales) purchases Balance as of December 31, 2022 Actual return on plan assets relating to assets still held at the reporting date Actual return on plan assets relating to assets sold during the reporting period Asset (sales) purchases Balance as of December 31, 2023 Credit Risk Private equity Real estate Mortgages $ 10 $ 41 $ (8) $ $ (9) 24 $ (12) (12) — $ (3) 7 $ (4) 3 $ International Insurance contracts Other 22 $ 1 1 18 42 $ 1 43 $ 2 190 $ 192 $ 3 195 $ 11 11 1 12 42% of domestic plan assets are invested in bonds with an average credit rating of AA-. These bonds are subject to both credit and default risk and changes in the risk could lead to a decline in the value of these bonds. Liquidity Risk Less than 1% of the domestic securities are invested in Level 3 securities. These are long-term investments in private equity and private real estate investments that may not mature or be sellable in the near-term without significant loss. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the amount of Corning common stock included in equity securities was not significant. Cash Flow Data The following table presents the gross benefit payments expected to be paid for domestic and international defined benefit pension plans and the postretirement medical and life plans (in millions): Domestic pension benefits Expected benefit payments International pension benefits Postretirement benefits 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029-2033 Other Benefit Plans $ $ $ $ $ $ 260 257 260 267 267 1,401 $ $ $ $ $ $ 30 38 39 39 44 237 $ $ $ $ $ $ 28 28 29 29 29 148 Corning offers defined contribution plans covering employees meeting certain eligibility requirements. Total consolidated defined contribution plan expense was $118 million, $117 million and $98 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 87 Table of Contents 12. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees Guarantees The Company is required, at the time a guarantee is issued, to recognize a liability for the fair value or market value of the obligation it assumes. In the normal course of business, the Company does not routinely provide significant third-party guarantees. Generally, third-party guarantees provided by Corning are limited to certain financial guarantees, including stand-by letters of credit and performance bonds, and the incurrence of contingent liabilities in the form of purchase price adjustments related to attainment of milestones. These guarantees have various terms and none of these guarantees are individually significant. The Company believes a significant majority of these guarantees and contingent liabilities will expire without being funded. Purchase Commitments Purchase obligations are enforceable and legally binding obligations. The Company has purchase commitments primarily for raw materials and energy-related take-or- pay contracts. Commitments made under these obligations as of December 31, 2023 are as follows (in millions): Purchase obligations Litigation, Environmental and Indemnifications Amount of commitment expiration per period Less than 1 year $ 264 $ 1 to 3 years 3 to 5 years 5 years and thereafter 207 $ 99 $ 434 Corning is a defendant in various lawsuits and is subject to various claims that arise in the normal course of business, the most significant of which are summarized below. In the opinion of management, the likelihood that the ultimate disposition of these matters will have a material adverse effect on Corning’s consolidated financial position, liquidity, or results of operations, is remote. Dow Corning Chapter 11 Related Matters Until June 1, 2016, Corning and The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) each owned 50% of the common stock of Dow Corning Corporation (“Dow Corning”). On May 31, 2016, Corning and Dow realigned their ownership interest in Dow Corning. Following the realignment, Corning no longer owned any interest in Dow Corning. With the realignment, Corning agreed to indemnify Dow for 50% of Dow Corning’s non-ordinary course, pre-closing liabilities to the extent such liabilities exceed the amounts reserved for them by Dow Corning as of May 31, 2016, subject to certain conditions and limits. In January 2024, we entered into an agreement to settle the Dow Corning Chapter 11 Related Matters and the amount reserved as of December 31, 2023 was not material. Dow Corning Environmental Claims Beginning in September 2019, Dow formally notified Corning of certain environmental matters for which Dow asserts that it has or will experience losses arising from remediation and response at a number of sites. Subject to certain conditions and limits, Corning may be required to indemnify Dow for up to 50% of such losses. As of December 31, 2023, Corning has determined that a potential liability for these environmental matters is probable and the amount reserved was not material. Environmental Litigation Corning has been designated by federal or state governments under environmental laws, including Superfund, as a potentially responsible party that may be liable for cleanup costs associated with 19 hazardous waste sites. It is Corning’s policy to accrue for its estimated liability related to such hazardous waste sites and other environmental liabilities related to property owned by Corning based on expert analysis and continual monitoring by both internal and external consultants. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Corning had accrued approximately $88 million and $109 million, respectively, for the estimated undiscounted liability for environmental cleanup and related litigation. Based upon the information developed to date, management believes that the accrued reserve is a reasonable estimate of the Company’s liability. 88 Table of Contents 13. Financial Instruments The following table summarizes the notional amounts and respective fair values of Corning’s derivative financial instruments on a gross basis as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions): Notional amount December 31, 2023 Fair value asset (1) Fair value liability (1) Notional amount Fair value asset (1) Fair value liability (1) December 31, 2022 Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (2): Foreign exchange and precious metals lease contracts (3) $ 241 $ 287 $ 419 $ 104 $ (1) Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: Foreign exchange contracts Translated earnings contracts Total derivatives $ 1,988 5,042 7,271 $ 20 $ 324 631 $ (17) (80) (97) $ 2,231 7,543 10,193 $ 44 530 678 $ (49) (141) (191) (1) All of the Company’s derivative contracts are measured at fair value are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Derivative assets are presented in Other current assets or Other assets. Derivative liabilities are presented in Other current liabilities or Other liabilities. Refer to Note 9 (Other Assets and Other Liabilities) for additional information. (2) The amounts above do not include €850 million of euro-denominated debt ($932 million equivalent as of December 31, 2023), which is a non-derivative financial instrument designated as a net investment hedge. (3) As of December 31, 2023, derivatives designated as hedging instruments include foreign exchange cash flow hedges with gross notional amounts of $241 million and fair value hedges of leased precious metals with a gross notional amount of 20,160 troy ounces. As of December 31, 2022, derivatives designated as hedging instruments include foreign exchange cash flow hedges with gross notional amounts of $419 million and fair value hedges of leased precious metals with a gross notional amount of 23,152 troy ounces. Fair value assets include designated derivatives pertaining to precious metals lease contracts in the amounts of $229 million and $69 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following table summarizes the total gross notional value for translated earnings contracts as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions): Average rate forward contracts: Chinese yuan-denominated Japanese yen-denominated South Korean won-denominated Other foreign currencies (1) Option contracts: Japanese yen-denominated (2) Total gross notional value for translated earning contracts Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 684 463 1,609 198 2,088 5,042 $ $ 479 93 2,117 237 4,617 7,543 (1) Denominational currencies for average rate forward contracts include the New Taiwan dollar, British pound and euro. (2) Japanese yen-denominated option contracts include purchased put and call options and zero-cost collars. With respect to the zero-cost collars, the gross notional amount includes the value of the put and call options. However, due to the nature of zero-cost collars, only the put or the call option can be exercised at maturity. 89 Table of Contents 13. Financial Instruments (Continued) The following tables summarize the effect in the consolidated statements of income relating to Corning’s derivative financial instruments (in millions). The accumulated derivative gain included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 is $54 million and $19 million, respectively. Gain recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) 2022 2023 2021 Location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income effective (ineffective) Gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income 2022 2021 2023 Derivatives hedging relationships for cash flow and fair value hedges: Foreign exchange and precious metals lease contracts $ 81 $ 52 $ Total cash flow and fair value hedges $ 81 $ 52 $ 47 47 Net sales Cost of sales Other income, net $ $ $ 49 (3) 46 $ 52 32 (3) 81 $ $ 14 39 (1) 52 Undesignated derivatives Foreign exchange contracts Translated earnings contracts Total undesignated Net Investment Hedges 2023 Gain recognized in income 2022 26 161 187 $ $ 46 351 397 $ $ $ $ 2021 Location of gain recognized in income 38 Other income, net 354 Translated earnings contract gain, net 392 In May 2023, Corning designated the full amount of its 2026 Notes and 2031 Notes with a total notional amount of €850 million, which are non-derivative financial instruments, as net investment hedges against our investments in certain European subsidiaries with euro functional currencies. As of December 31, 2023, the net investment hedges are deemed to be effective. During the year ended December 31, 2023, foreign currency losses associated with these net investment hedges recognized in other comprehensive loss was not material. Refer to Note 10 (Debt) for additional information. Leased Precious Metals Contracts The carrying amount of the leased precious metals pool, which is included within property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation in the consolidated balance sheets, is $90 million and $278 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The carrying amount of the leased precious metals pool includes cumulative fair value loss of $239 million and $95 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These losses are offset by changes in the fair value of the hedges. 90 Table of Contents 14. Shareholders’ Equity Common Stock Dividends On February 7, 2024, Corning’s Board of Directors declared a $0.28 per share common stock dividend. Fixed Rate Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A The Company had 2,300 outstanding shares of Fixed Rate Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A (the “Preferred Stock”) as of December 31, 2020. On January 16, 2021, the Preferred Stock became convertible into 115 million common shares. On April 5, 2021 Corning and Samsung Display Co., Ltd. (“SDC”) executed the Share Repurchase Agreement (“SRA”), and the Preferred Stock was fully converted as of April 8, 2021. Immediately following the conversion, Corning repurchased and retired 35 million of the common shares held by SDC for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.5 billion, of which approximately $507 million was paid in April in each of 2023, 2022 and 2021. The 35 million common shares repurchased by Corning were excluded from the weighted-average common shares outstanding for the calculation of the Company's basic and diluted earnings per share starting April 8, 2021. The common shares repurchased were accounted for as a redemption of Preferred Stock. The excess of the $1.5 billion consideration paid over the carrying value of the Preferred Stock reduced the net income available to common shareholders by $803 million. The remaining 80 million common shares were accounted for as a conversion of Preferred Stock and resulted in an increase of common stock and additional paid-in- capital based on the carrying value of the Preferred Stock. These common shares were included in the weighted-average common shares outstanding for the calculation of the Company’s basic and diluted earnings per share. Pursuant to the SRA, with respect to the 80 million common shares outstanding held by SDC: • • SDC has the option to sell an additional 22 million common shares to Corning in specified tranches from time to time in calendar years 2024 through 2027. Corning may, at its sole discretion, elect to repurchase such common shares. If Corning elects not to repurchase the common shares and SDC sells the common shares on the open market, Corning will be required to pay SDC a make-whole payment, subject to a 5% cap of the repurchase proceeds that otherwise would have been paid by Corning. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the fair value of the option was $17 million, when measured using Level 2 significant other observable inputs. The remaining 58 million shares of common shares are subject to a seven-year lock-up period expiring in 2027. Share Repurchase Program In 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to $5.0 billion of additional common stock upon the completion of the 2018 repurchase plan (“2019 Authorization”). In addition to the common shares repurchased under the SRA as discussed above, the Company repurchased 6.0 million and 7.3 million shares of common stock under its 2019 Authorization for approximately $221 million and $274 million, respectively, during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. No shares were repurchased under our 2019 Authorization during the year ended December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, approximately $3.3 billion remains available under the Company’s 2019 Authorization. 91 Table of Contents 14. Shareholders’ Equity (Continued) The following table presents changes in capital stock (in millions): Balance as of December 31, 2020 Shares issued to benefit plans and for option exercises Shares purchased for treasury Conversion of preferred stock to common stock Repurchase of converted common stock Other, net (1) Balance as of December 31, 2021 Shares issued to benefit plans and for option exercises Shares purchased for treasury Other, net (1) Balance as of December 31, 2022 Shares issued to benefit plans and for option exercises Other, net (1) Balance as of December 31, 2023 Common stock Treasury stock Shares Par value Shares Cost 1,726 $ 863 (961) $ (19,928) 9 115 (35) 4 58 (18) 1,815 $ 907 5 3 1,820 $ 910 11 6 1,831 $ 916 (7) (274) (2) (970) $ (61) (20,263) (6) (1) (977) $ (221) (48) (20,532) (3) (980) $ (105) (20,637) (1) Includes the deemed surrender to the Company of common stock to satisfy employee tax withholding obligations. 92 Table of Contents 14. Shareholders’ Equity (Continued) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss The following table presents the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, including the proportionate share of equity method investee’s accumulated other comprehensive loss (in millions) (1): Foreign currency translation adjustments and other Unamortized actuarial gains (losses) and prior service (costs) credits Net unrealized losses on investments Balance as of December 31, 2020 Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (2) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (5) Equity method affiliates (6) Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income Balance as of December 31, 2021 Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (3) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (5) Equity method affiliates (6) Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income Balance as of December 31, 2022 Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (4) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (5) Equity method affiliates (6) Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ (329) $ (582) $ (22) (604) (933) $ (762) $ (17) (779) (1,712) $ (235) $ 5 (230) (1,942) $ (450) $ 178 178 (272) $ 151 3 154 (118) $ 1 (25) (24) (142) $ Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives 42 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (740) $ $ 43 (52) (9) 33 $ $ 31 (61) (30) 3 $ $ 71 (35) 36 39 $ (361) (52) (22) (435) (1,175) (580) (58) (17) (655) (1,830) (163) (60) 5 (218) (2,048) (3) $ $ — (3) $ $ — (3) $ $ — (3) $ (1) All amounts are after tax. Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to accumulated other comprehensive loss. (2) Amounts are net of total tax expense of $4 million, primarily driven by $51 million related to retirement plans, offset by positive impacts of $44 million and $3 million related to foreign currency translation adjustments and the hedging component, respectively. (3) Amounts are net of total tax benefit of $22 million, primarily driven by $29 million and $24 million related to foreign currency translation adjustments and the hedging component, respectively, offset by negative impacts of $31 million related to retirement plans. (4) Amounts are net of total tax benefit of $19 million, primarily driven by $12 million and $8 million related to foreign currency translation adjustments and the hedging component, respectively, offset by negative impacts of $1 million related to retirement plans. (5) Tax effect of reclassifications are disclosed separately within the footnote. (6) Tax effects related to equity method affiliates are not significant in the reported periods. 93 Table of Contents 14. Shareholders’ Equity (Continued) The following table presents reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) by component (in millions) (1): Details about AOCI Components Amortization of net actuarial gains (loss) Amortization of prior service (cost) credit Realized gains on designated hedges Total reclassifications for the period Amount reclassified from AOCI Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 Affected line item in the consolidated statements of income $ $ $ $ $ 39 $ (1) 38 (13) 25 $ $ 49 (3) 46 (11) 35 $ 60 $ (4) $ (4) 1 (3) $ 52 $ 32 (3) 81 (20) 61 $ 58 $ (3) (2) 3 (2) — Total before tax Tax (provision) benefit — Net of tax 14 Sales 39 Cost of sales Other expense, net 53 Total before tax (1) Tax expense 52 Net of tax 52 Net of tax (1) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to the consolidated statements of income. (2) These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in net periodic pension cost. Refer to Note 11 (Employee Retirement Plans) in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional details. 94 Table of Contents 15. Earnings Per Common Share Basic earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share assumes the issuance of common shares for all potentially dilutive securities outstanding. The following table presents the reconciliation of the amounts used to compute basic and diluted earnings per common share (in millions, except per share amounts): Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated Less: Series A convertible preferred stock dividend Less: Excess consideration paid for redemption of preferred shares (1) Net income available to common shareholders - basic Net income available to common shareholders - diluted Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic Effect of dilutive securities: Stock options and other awards Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted Basic earnings per common share Diluted earnings per common share Anti-dilutive potential shares excluded from diluted earnings per common share: Series A convertible preferred stock dividend (1)(2) Stock options and other awards Total $ $ $ $ 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 581 $ 1,316 $ 2021 581 581 $ 848 11 859 0.69 $ 0.68 $ 2 2 1,316 1,316 $ 843 14 857 1.56 $ 1.54 $ 1 1 1,906 24 803 1,079 1,079 828 16 844 1.30 1.28 31 31 (1) Refer to Note 14 (Shareholders’ Equity) in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for more information. (2) For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Preferred Stock was anti-dilutive and therefore excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share. 95 Table of Contents 16. Share-Based Compensation The following table presents share-based compensation cost and the unrecognized compensation cost by award type (in millions): Amount of share-based compensation cost recognized Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 Time-based restricted stock and restricted stock units Performance-based restricted stock units Stock Options Other Total share-based compensation cost (1) $ $ 172 $ 36 2 8 218 $ 111 $ 52 7 5 175 $ 94 $ 79 9 8 190 Unrecognized compensation cost Weighted- average remaining term in years December 31, 2023 211 17 2.1 1.7 (1) The income tax benefit realized from share-based compensation was $17 million, $16 million and $37 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. As of December 31, 2023, there were approximately 23 million unissued common shares available for future grants authorized under the Plans. Incentive Stock Plans Time-Based Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units The following table summarizes the changes in non-vested time-based restricted stock and restricted stock units during the year ended December 31, 2023: Non-vested shares and share units as of December 31, 2022 Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested shares and share units as of December 31, 2023 Number of shares (in thousands) Weighted-average grant-date fair value 29.19 34.90 24.44 34.03 33.89 11,299 $ 7,438 (4,832) (584) 13,321 $ The total fair value of time-based restricted stock and restricted stock units that vested during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $118 million, $93 million and $88 million, respectively. 96 Table of Contents 16. Share-Based Compensation (Continued) Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units The following table summarizes the changes in non-vested performance-based restricted stock units during the year ended December 31, 2023: Number of shares (in thousands) Non-vested share units as of December 31, 2022 Granted Vested Performance adjustments Forfeited Non-vested share units as of December 31, 2023 Weighted-average grant-date fair value 35.41 35.08 33.37 35.43 36.26 38.89 4,696 $ 1,674 (3,587) (726) (31) 2,026 $ The total fair value of performance-based restricted stock units that vested during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $120 million, $5 million and $3 million, respectively. Stock Options The following table summarizes information concerning stock options as of December 31, 2023 and the related activity for the year ended December 31, 2023: Options Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 Exercised Forfeited and expired Options outstanding as of December 31, 2023 Options vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2023 Number of shares (in thousands) Weighted-average exercise price Weighted-average remaining contractual term in years Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands) 9,665 $ (2,114) (52) 7,499 7,499 22.92 19.78 19.65 23.82 23.82 4.95 4.95 54,327 54,327 The aggregate intrinsic value (market value of stock less option exercise price) in the preceding table represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on the Company’s closing stock price as of December 31, 2023, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their “in-the-money” options as of that date. There were no options granted in 2023, 2022 or 2021. The total fair value of options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $6 million, $20 million and $16 million, respectively. Proceeds received from the exercise of stock options were $42 million, with a corresponding realized tax benefit of $4 million, for the year ended December 31, 2023. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $29 million, $36 million and $100 million, respectively. 97 Table of Contents 17. Reportable Segments The Company has determined that it has five reportable segments for financial reporting purposes, as follows: • Optical Communications – manufactures carrier network and enterprise network components for the telecommunications industry; the carrier network group consists primarily of products and solutions for optical-based communications infrastructure for services such as video, data and voice communications, and the enterprise network group consists primarily of optical-based communication networks sold to businesses, governments and individuals for their own use. • Display Technologies – manufactures high quality glass substrates for flat panel displays including liquid crystal displays and organic light-emitting diodes that are • • • used primarily in televisions, notebook computers, desktop monitors, tablets and handheld devices. Specialty Materials – manufactures products that provide material formulations for glass, glass ceramics and fluoride crystals to meet demand for unique customer needs across a wide variety of commercial and industrial markets, including materials optimized for mobile consumer electronics, semiconductor equipment optics and consumables, aerospace and defense optics, radiation shielding products, sunglasses and telecommunications components. Environmental Technologies – manufactures ceramic substrates and filter products for emissions control systems in mobile applications. Life Sciences – develops, manufactures and supplies laboratory products, including labware, equipment, media, serum and reagents enabling workflow solutions for drug discovery and bioproduction. All other businesses that do not meet the quantitative threshold for separate reporting have been grouped as Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses. Net sales for this group are mainly attributable to HSG, an operating segment produces solar and semiconductor products. The emerging growth businesses primarily consist of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Auto Glass Solutions and the Emerging Innovations Group. Financial results for the reportable segments and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses are prepared on a basis consistent with the internal disaggregation of financial information to assist the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in making internal operating decisions. As a significant portion of segment revenues and expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, management believes it is important to understand the impact on segment net sales and segment net income of translating these currencies into U.S. dollars. Therefore, the Company utilizes constant-currency reporting for the Display Technologies, Specialty Materials, Environmental Technologies and Life Sciences segments to exclude the impact on segment sales and segment net income (loss) from the Japanese yen, South Korean won, Chinese yuan, New Taiwan dollar and euro, as applicable to the segment. The most significant constant-currency adjustment relates to the Japanese yen exposure within the Display Technologies segment. The constant-currency rates established for our core performance measures are internally derived long-term management estimates, which are closely aligned with our hedging instrument rates. These hedging instruments may include, but are not limited to, foreign exchange forward or option contracts and foreign-denominated debt. The Company believes that the use of constant-currency reporting allows management to understand segment results without the volatility of currency fluctuation, analyze underlying trends in the businesses and establish operational goals and forecasts. Constant-currency rates are as follows and are applied to all periods presented and to all foreign exchange exposures during the period, even though we may be less than 100% hedged: Currency Rate Japanese yen ¥107 Korean won ₩1,175 Chinese yuan ¥6.7 New Taiwan dollar NT$31 Euro €.81 98 Table of Contents 17. Reportable Segments (Continued) In addition, certain income and expenses are excluded from segment net income (loss) and included in the unallocated amounts in the reconciliation of reportable segment net income (loss) to consolidated net income. These items are not used by the CODM in allocating resources or evaluating the results of the segments and include the following: the impact of translating the Japanese yen-denominated debt; the impact of the translated earnings contracts; acquisition-related costs; certain discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments; restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits; certain litigation, regulatory and other legal matters; pension mark-to-market adjustments; and other non-recurring non-operational items. Although these amounts are excluded from segment results, they are included in reported consolidated results. Corning's administrative and staff functions are performed on a centralized basis and such costs and expenses are allocated among the segments differently than they would be for stand-alone financial reporting purposes. These include certain costs and expenses of shared services, such as information technology, human resources, legal, finance and supply chain management. Expenses that are not allocated to the segments are included in the reconciliation of reportable segment net income to consolidated net income. Segment net income (loss) may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. The following provides historical segment information as described above: Segment Information (in millions) Optical Communications Display Technologies Specialty Materials Environmental Technologies Life Sciences Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Total For the year ended December 31, 2023 Segment net sales Depreciation (1) Research, development and engineering expenses (2) Income tax provision (3) Segment net income Investment in affiliated companies, at equity Segment assets (4) Capital expenditures For the year ended December 31, 2022 Segment net sales Depreciation (1) Research, development and engineering expenses (2) Income tax provision (3) Segment net income Investment in affiliated companies, at equity Segment assets (4) Capital expenditures For the year ended December 31, 2021 Segment net sales Depreciation (1) Research, development and engineering expenses (2) Income tax (provision) benefit (3) Segment net income (loss) Investment in affiliated companies, at equity Segment assets (4) Capital expenditures $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 4,012 $ 263 $ 238 (130) $ $ 478 $ 3 $ 3,241 $ 176 $ 5,023 $ 249 230 $ (180) $ 661 $ $ 3 $ 3,295 $ 368 $ 4,349 $ 224 216 $ (152) $ $ 553 $ 3 $ 3,183 $ 301 $ 3,532 $ 481 $ 102 (220) $ $ 842 $ 105 $ 7,899 $ 363 $ 3,306 $ 547 124 $ (203) $ 769 $ $ 102 $ 8,104 $ 495 $ 3,700 $ 605 110 $ (249) $ $ 960 $ 109 $ 8,672 $ 710 $ 1,865 $ 149 $ 229 (53) $ 202 $ 11 2,476 175 $ $ $ 2,002 $ 155 222 $ (90) $ 340 $ 8 2,419 306 $ $ $ 2,008 $ 161 208 $ (99) $ 371 $ 6 2,328 183 $ $ 1,766 129 99 $ $ $ (103) $ $ 386 $ $ $ 1,873 31 $ 1,584 $ 128 98 $ (78) $ 292 $ $ $ $ 2,061 110 $ 1,586 $ 139 111 $ (72) $ $ 269 $ $ $ 2,150 228 $ 959 $ 69 $ 33 (13) $ $ 50 $ 3 $ 782 $ 41 $ 1,228 $ 60 37 $ (40) $ 153 $ $ 4 $ 862 $ 116 $ 1,234 $ 52 33 $ (51) $ $ 194 $ 4 $ 791 $ 128 $ 1,446 $ 144 $ 162 (22) $ $ 15 $ 174 $ 2,307 $ 303 $ 1,662 $ 146 163 $ (24) $ 39 $ $ 144 $ 2,136 $ 218 $ 1,243 $ 134 $ 160 11 $ (51) $ $ 142 $ 2,024 $ 149 13,580 1,235 863 (541) 1,973 296 18,578 1,089 14,805 1,285 874 (615) 2,254 261 18,877 1,613 14,120 1,315 838 (612) 2,296 264 19,148 1,699 (1) Depreciation expense for Corning’s reportable segments and Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses includes an allocation of depreciation of corporate property not specifically identifiable to a segment. (2) Research, development and engineering expenses include direct project spending that is identifiable to a segment. (3) (4) Segment assets include inventory, accounts receivable, property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, and associated equity companies. Income tax (provision) benefit reflects a tax rate of 21%. 99 Table of Contents 17. Reportable Segments (Continued) The following table presents a reconciliation of net sales of reportable segments to consolidated net sales (in millions): Net sales of reportable segments Net sales of Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Impact of constant currency reporting (1) Consolidated net sales 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ $ 12,134 1,446 (992) 12,588 $ $ 13,143 1,662 (616) 14,189 $ 12,877 1,243 (38) 14,082 (1) This amount primarily represents the impact of foreign currency adjustments in the Display Technologies segment. The following table presents a reconciliation of net income of reportable segments to consolidated net income (in millions): Net income of reportable segments Net income (loss) of Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Unallocated amounts: Impact of constant currency reporting Gain on foreign currency hedges related to translated earnings Translation gain on Japanese yen-denominated debt Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters Research, development, and engineering expense (1)(2) Amortization of intangibles Interest expense, net Income tax benefit Pension mark-to-market Severance (charges) credits (2) Capacity optimization and other charges and credits (3) Bond redemption loss (4) Gain on sale of business Other corporate items Net income 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 1,958 15 $ 2,215 39 (744) 161 100 (61) (162) (122) (244) 373 (15) (187) (284) $ (207) $ 581 (480) 348 191 (100) (163) (123) (237) 204 (11) (70) (344) 53 (206) 1,316 $ 2,347 (51) (87) 354 180 (16) (151) (129) (265) 120 (32) 13 (123) (31) 54 (277) 1,906 (1) Amount does not include research, development and engineering expense related to restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits and pension mark-to-market. (2) Refer to Note 2 (Restructuring, Impairment and Other Charges and Credits) in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. (3) Amount includes charges associated with impairment losses, asset write-offs, accelerated depreciation, disposal costs and inventory write-downs. Refer to Note 2 (Restructuring, Impairment and Other Charges and Credits) in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. (4) Refer to Note 10 (Debt) in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. The following table presents a reconciliation of total assets of reportable segments to consolidated total assets (in millions): Total assets of reportable segments Total assets of Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Unallocated amounts: Current assets (1) Investments (2) Property, plant and equipment, net (3) Other non-current assets (4) Total assets 2023 December 31, 2022 2021 16,271 $ 2,307 2,522 119 1,038 6,243 28,500 $ 16,741 $ 2,136 2,823 99 1,385 6,315 29,499 $ 17,124 2,024 3,163 54 1,426 6,363 30,154 $ $ Includes cash, other receivables, prepaid expenses and current portion of long-term derivative assets. (1) (2) Represents other corporate investments. (3) Represents corporate property not specifically identifiable to an operating segment. (4) Includes goodwill, other intangible assets, pension assets, long-term derivative assets, operating leases and deferred income taxes. 100 Table of Contents 17. Reportable Segments (Continued) The following table presents selected financial information about the Company’s product lines and reportable segments (in millions): Revenue from external customers Optical Communications Carrier network Enterprise network Total Optical Communications Display Technologies Specialty Materials Corning® Gorilla® Glass Advanced optics and other specialty glass Total Specialty Materials Environmental Technologies Automotive and other Diesel Total Environmental Technologies Life Sciences Labware Cell culture products Total Life Science Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Polycrystalline Silicon Other Total Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Net sales of reportable segments Net sales of Hemlock and Emerging Growth Businesses Impact of constant currency reporting (1) Consolidated net sales 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 2,871 $ 1,141 4,012 3,532 1,136 729 1,865 1,123 643 1,766 487 472 959 1,014 432 1,446 12,134 1,446 (992) 12,588 $ 3,760 $ 1,263 5,023 3,306 1,331 671 2,002 934 650 1,584 657 571 1,228 1,191 471 1,662 13,143 1,662 (616) 14,189 $ 3,200 1,149 4,349 3,700 1,403 605 2,008 936 650 1,586 671 563 1,234 892 351 1,243 12,877 1,243 (38) 14,082 (1) This amount primarily represents the impact of foreign currency adjustments in the Display Technologies segment. 101 Table of Contents 17. Reportable Segments (Continued) The following table presents information relating to the Company’s operations by geographic area (in millions): North America: United States Canada Mexico Total North America Asia Pacific: Japan Taiwan China Korea Other Total Asia Pacific Europe: Germany Other Total Europe All Other Total 2023 2022 2021 Net sales (1) Long-lived assets (2) Net sales (1) Long-lived assets (2) Net sales (1) Long-lived assets (2) $ 4,439 $ 317 84 4,840 667 855 4,439 418 620 6,999 535 998 1,533 8,698 $ 95 211 9,004 388 1,515 4,575 3,092 88 9,658 464 956 1,420 5,149 $ 503 96 5,748 617 813 4,435 514 729 7,108 539 1,116 1,655 8,937 $ 99 180 9,216 429 1,696 4,794 3,294 81 10,294 459 937 1,396 4,539 $ 472 93 5,104 780 983 4,495 640 459 7,357 462 925 1,387 $ 208 13,580 $ 53 20,135 $ 294 14,805 $ 67 20,973 $ 272 14,120 $ 8,600 114 289 9,003 496 1,923 4,966 3,479 84 10,948 500 910 1,410 68 21,429 (1) Net sales are attributed to countries based on location of customer. (2) Long-lived assets primarily include investments, plant and equipment, goodwill and other intangible assets. 1 Exhibit 10.27 CORNING INCORPORATED DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN FOR NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS (as amended and restated on December 6, 2023) Section 1. Purpose and Effective Date The name of the Plan is the Corning Incorporated Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors. The purpose of the Plan is to provide the non-employee members of the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Corning Incorporated (the “Company”) with a means to defer compensation earned as a member of the Board. The Plan as amended and restated herein is effective December 6, 2023. Section 2. Definitions (a) “Annual Equity RSU Grant Agreement” means the grant agreement which sets forth the terms and conditions of an Annual Equity RSU grant. (b) “Annual Equity RSUs” means the annual RSU award granted to a Director for serving as a member of the Board. (c) “Annual Equity RSU Account” means an account maintained for each Director for Annual Equity RSUs. (d) “Cash Compensation” means any compensation payable to a Director in cash for serving as a member of the Board, including Cash Dividends, but excluding any expense reimbursements. (e) “Cash Dividends” means the ordinary cash dividends and dividend equivalents paid by the Company with respect to the Common Stock underlying the Deferred RSUs or Annual Equity RSUs held by the Director. (f) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company. (g) “Deferred Cash Account” means an account maintained for each Director who makes an investment election pursuant to Section 6. (h) “Deferred RSUs” means RSUs acquired by deferral of Cash Compensation. (i) “Deferred Compensation Account” means, collectively, a Director’s Deferred Cash Account and Deferred RSU Account. (j) “Deferred RSU Account” means an account maintained for each Director who makes an investment election pursuant to Section 6. (k) “Director” means any member of the Board who is not an officer or employee of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company. (l) “Director Compensation” means a Director’s Cash Compensation and Annual Equity RSUs. (m) “Equity Plan” means the Company’s 2019 Equity Plan for Non-Employee Directors (as it may be amended from time to time) or any successor plan. (n) “Market Value” means the closing price of a share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange. (o) “Plan” means this Corning Incorporated Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (as amended and restated on December 6, 2023). 2 (p) “Plan Administrator” means the Corporate Secretary and Senior Vice President, Compensation and Benefits, or their successors (q) “Plan Year” means a calendar year. (r) “RSU” means a stock-settled restricted stock unit granted under the Equity Plan. (s) “Section 409A” means Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. (t) “Separation from Service” means a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A. Section 3. Eligibility All Directors are eligible to participate in the Plan. Section 4. Election Options Subject to the terms of the Plan, a participant may elect for the subsequent Plan Year: to defer receipt of all or a portion of such participant’s Cash Compensation; (a) (b) the form and timing of Deferred Compensation payments; (c) (d) the duration of the deferral of such Annual Equity RSUs. to defer Cash Dividends earned on Annual Equity RSUs; and Section 5. Election to Defer (a) Normal Time of Deferral Elections. Election options for a Plan Year shall be made no later than the date specified by the Plan Administrator and shall be effective for Director Compensation earned or granted in the following calendar year. (b) Initial Deferral Elections by New Directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, initial deferral elections may be made by a Director nominee (who is not at the time of nomination a sitting Director) prior to or within 30 days following the date the nominee commences service as a Director and such election shall be effective for Director Compensation earned or granted following the later of the date the nominee commences services as a Director and the date the election form is provided to the Secretary of the Company. (c) Manner of Electing Deferral. A participant may make the elections as described in Section 4 within the time periods prescribed under this Section 5 by giving written notice to the Company on an election form provided by the Company, which notice shall specify the 1) Cash Compensation to be deferred, the accounts to which such amounts are to be allocated, the percentage of such amounts to be allocated to each account, the period of deferral, and the form of payment, including the number of installments; 2) deferral of Cash Dividends earned on Annual Equity RSUs; and 3) period of deferral of Annual Equity RSUs. (d) Duration and Effect of Election. Elections shall become effective and binding on the participant once the Plan Year to which the election applies has commenced and, except as provided by this paragraph, once made, is irrevocable and may not be changed. An election to defer Director Compensation for a Plan Year may be cancelled upon demonstration of an “unforeseeable emergency” (within the meaning of Section 409A) and with the concurrence of the Chairman of the Board. Elections will carry over to subsequent years until or unless a new election form is submitted pursuant to this Section 5. Section 6. Allocation of Cash Compensation (a) General. A participant may allocate Cash Compensation as provided below. 3 (i.) Deferred Cash Account. All or a portion of a participant’s Cash Compensation may be deferred and allocated by a participant into a Deferred Cash Account. Any amount of Cash Compensation allocated into the Deferred Cash Account shall be credited to the participant’s Deferred Cash Account on the date such Cash Compensation would otherwise have been paid to the participant absent a deferral and shall be credited with interest, to be compounded quarterly, calculated prospectively at a rate equal to the prime rate of Citibank, N.A. (or its successor) in effect on the date such Cash Compensation would have been paid to the participant absent a deferral in accordance with the Company’s normal practice. (ii.) Deferred RSU Account. All or a portion of a participant’s Cash Compensation may be deferred and allocated by a participant into a Deferred RSU Account in the form of Deferred RSUs on the date such Cash Compensation would otherwise have been paid to the participant absent a deferral. On the applicable date, the Company shall credit to the Deferred RSU Account a number of RSUs equal to the applicable amount of deferred Cash Compensation, divided by the Market Value on such date (or on the trading day preceding such date if such date is not a trading day), which number shall be rounded up or down to the nearest whole number of RSUs. No fractional RSUs will be credited to a participant’s Deferred RSU Account. (A) Payment of Cash Dividends on Deferred RSUs. On each date that the Company pays an ordinary cash dividend on shares of its outstanding Common Stock, Cash dividends earned on the Deferred RSUs shall be credited to the participant’s Deferred Cash Account and shall be credited with interest, to be compounded quarterly, calculated prospectively at a rate equal to the prime rate of Citibank, N.A. (or its successor) in effect on the date the dividends would have otherwise been paid to the participant in accordance with the Company’s normal practice. The Cash Dividends will be paid on the same schedule as the related shares of Common Stock are distributed from the Deferred RSU Account pursuant to the Director’s Deferred RSU Account payment elections. (b) Manner of Electing Period of Deferral and Form of Payment. A participant may elect, within the time periods prescribed under Section 5, the period of deferral and form of payment of such participant’s Deferred Compensation Account (as set forth in Sections 8 and 9). Section 7. Deferral of Annual Equity RSUs (a) General. Annual Equity RSUs are automatically credited to a participant’s Annual Equity RSU Account. Such Annual Equity RSUs shall be subject to vesting or other forfeiture restrictions as set forth in the Annual Equity RSU Grant Agreement. Absent an election to defer, a Director will receive quarterly cash payments of the Cash Dividends earned on the Annual Equity RSUs on each date that the Company pays an ordinary cash dividend on shares of its outstanding Common Stock in accordance with the Company’s normal practice. (i.) Payment of Cash Dividends on Annual Equity RSUs. A participant may elect to: Defer Cash Dividends earned on the Annual Equity RSUs to the Deferred Cash Account. On each date that the Company pays an ordinary cash dividend on shares of its outstanding Common Stock, Cash Dividends earned on the Annual Equity RSUs shall be credited to the participant’s Deferred Cash Account and shall be credited with interest, to be compounded quarterly, calculated prospectively at a rate equal to the prime rate of Citibank, N.A. (or its successor) in effect on the date the dividends would have otherwise been paid to the participant in accordance with the Company’s normal practice. The dividends will be paid on the same schedule as the related shares of Common Stock are distributed from the Annual Equity RSU Account pursuant to the Director’s election. (b) Manner of Electing Period of Deferral and Cash Dividends. A participant may elect, within the time periods prescribed under Section 5, the period of deferral of their Annual Equity RSU Account (as set forth in Section 8) and the deferral of Cash Dividends earned on the Annual Equity RSUs. Section 8. Period of Deferral 4 (a) Deferred Cash Account and Deferred RSU Account. A participant may elect to receive payment from the participant’s Deferred Compensation Account upon (i) a specified year or a specific date or dates in the future (which shall not exceed ten years from the end of the applicable Plan Year), provided that, if a specific year is elected, payment will be made or will commence on the first business day after the beginning of the year specified or (ii) the participant’s Separation from Service, in which case, payment will be made or will commence on the first business day of the seventh month after such Separation from Service. (b) Annual Equity RSU Account. When granted, Annual Equity RSUs are automatically credited to a participant’s Annual Equity RSU Account. A participant may elect to receive payment from the Annual Equity RSU Account in a single installment (i) on the first business day of the seventh month after the participant’s Separation from Service, (ii) one year after the grant date, (iii) five years after the grant date, or (iv) ten years after the grant date. Absent a deferral election, payment from the participant’s Annual Equity RSU Account will be made on the first business day of the seventh month after the participant’s Separation from Service. If such payment date is not a day when the New York Stock Exchange is open, then the payment date will be the first business day following the scheduled payment date. Section 9. Form of Payment A participant may elect to receive payment from the participant’s Deferred Compensation Account in (a) a lump sum or (b) a number of annual installments as specified in the deferral election form provided by the Company. All amounts in a participant’s Deferred Cash Account shall be paid in cash and, unless otherwise determined by the Plan Administrator, all amounts in a participant’s Deferred RSU Account shall be paid in shares of Common Stock (with one share issued for each Deferred RSU). A participant may elect the timing of payment from the Annual Equity RSU Account, as specified in Section 8(b), recognizing that all payments for a single Plan Year will be made in a single installment. All amounts in an Annual Equity RSU Account shall be paid in shares of Common Stock (with one share issued for each Annual Equity RSU). Section 10. Adjustments The type and number of securities underlying the RSUs in the participant’s Deferred RSU Account and/or Annual Equity RSU Account shall be proportionally adjusted, as determined by the Plan Administrator, for any increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of Common Stock resulting from a subdivision or consolidation of shares or other capital adjustment, or the payment of a stock dividend or other increase or decrease in such shares effected without receipt of consideration by the Company, or any distribution or spin-off of assets (other than cash) to the stockholders of the Company, which adjusted number shall be rounded up or down to the nearest whole number of RSUs. Section 11. Death or Disability Prior to Receipt If a participant dies or becomes “disabled” (within the meaning of Treas. Reg. 1.409A-3(i)(4)) prior to receipt of the amounts payable to the participant pursuant to the Plan, any amounts remaining in such participant’s Deferred Compensation Account and/or Annual Equity RSU Account shall be paid to the participant (or the participant’s estate or personal representative, as applicable) in a lump sum within sixty (60) days following the date of the participant’s death or disability. Section 12. Participant's Rights Unsecured Nothing in the Plan shall require the segregation of any assets of the Company or any type of funding by the Company, it being the intention of the parties that the Plan be an unfunded arrangement for federal income tax purposes. No participant shall have any rights to or interest in any specific assets or shares of Common Stock by reason of the Plan, and any participant’s rights to enforce payment of the obligations of the Company hereunder shall be those of a general creditor of the Company. Section 13. Statement of Accounts Statements will be sent to each participant no later than 30 days after the close of each quarter as to the value of the participant’s deferred cash and equity accounts. Section 14. Assignability 5 No right to receive payments hereunder shall be transferable or assignable by a participant, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. A participant may not sell, assign, transfer, pledge or otherwise encumber any interest in the participant’s Deferred Compensation Account or Annual Equity RSU Account and any attempt to do so shall be void against, and shall not be recognized by, the Company. Section 15. Administration The Plan shall be administered by the Plan Administrator, who shall have the authority to adopt rules and regulations for carrying out the Plan and interpret, construe and implement the provisions of the Plan. Section 16. Construction The Plan is intended to comply with Section 409A and any regulations and guidance thereunder and shall be interpreted and administered in accordance with that intent. If any provision of the Plan would otherwise conflict with or frustrate this intent, that provision will be interpreted and deemed amended so as to avoid the conflict. Each amount to be paid under the Plan shall be construed as a separate and distinct payment for purposes of Section 409A. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company makes no representation to any participant that the Plan or any payment thereunder complies with Section 409A. The laws of the State of New York shall govern all questions of law arising with respect to the Plan, without regard to the choice of law principles of any jurisdiction that would result in the application of the laws of another jurisdiction. If any provision of the Plan is held to be illegal or void, such illegality or invalidity shall not affect the remaining provisions of the Plan, but shall be fully severable, and the Plan shall be construed and enforced as if the illegal or invalid provision had never been inserted. Section 17. Amendment The Plan may at any time or from time to time be amended, modified or terminated by the Company. No amendment, modification or termination shall, without the consent of the participant, adversely affect accruals in such participant’s Deferred Compensation Account or Annual Equity RSU Account, except that the Plan Administrator may terminate the Plan and distribute the holdings in the Deferred Compensation Account and Annual Equity RSU Account to participants in accordance with and subject to the rules of Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-3(j)(4)(ix), or successor provisions, and any generally applicable guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service permitting such termination and distribution. The Plan Administrator may delegate to a committee consisting of at least three employees of the Company the authority to make technical amendments to the Plan. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, no changes made to the Plan as of the date of its amendment and restatement in 2023 shall apply to amounts already deferred in a participant’s Deferred Compensation Account or Annual Equity RSU Account or scheduled to be deferred pursuant to elections made for amounts earned on or prior to December 31, 2023. By and on Behalf of CORNING INCORPORATED By: /s/ John P. MacMahon John P. MacMahon Title: Sr. Vice President, Global Compensation & Benefits 1 CORNING INCORPORATED SUPPLEMENTAL INVESTMENT PLAN (As Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2024) Exhibit 10.28 CORNING INCORPORATED (the “Company”) hereby amends and restates in its entirety, effective January 1, 2024, the Corning Incorporated Supplemental Investment Plan (the “Plan”) to permit Eligible Employees to defer a portion of their compensation to supplement contributions they make pursuant to the Corning Incorporated Investment Plan. The terms of this restated Plan shall only apply to eligible Employees who have a Plan benefit that is earned or vested, within the meaning of Section 409A, on or after January 1, 2005. ARTICLE ONE Definitions 1.1 “Board” means the Board of Directors of Corning Incorporated. 1.2 “Change in Control” means an event that is “a change in the ownership or effective control of the corporation, or in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the corporation” within the meaning of Section 409A and that also falls within one of the following circumstances: (i) an offeror (other than the Company) purchases shares of Corning Common Stock of the Company pursuant to a tender or exchange offer for such shares; (ii) any person (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) is or becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of the Company’s securities representing 50 percent or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities; (iii) the membership of the Company’s Board of Directors changes as the result of a contested election or elections, such that within any 12 month period a majority of the individuals who are Directors at any particular time were initially placed on the Board of Directors as a result of such a contested election or elections; or (iv) the consummation of a merger in which the Company is not the surviving corporation, consolidation, sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or a plan of partial or complete liquidation approved by the Company’s shareholders. 1.3 “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. 1.4 “Committee” means the Compensation Committee of the Board, or other delegate of the Board. 1.5 “Company” means Corning Incorporated. 1.6 “Company Stock Fund” means an investment fund option that is invested, actually or hypothetically, primarily in any class of Corning common stock. 2 1.7 “Compensation” means the sum of an Eligible Employee’s base salary and bonuses (before salary reduction, if any, under the Company’s Management Deferral Plan, Supplemental Investment Plan, Investment Plan or any other Code Section 125, 132(f) or 401(k) employee benefit plan) without regard to the limitation prescribed in Code Section 401(a)(17). As used in this Plan, base salary, means the base pay to an Eligible Employee by the Company for personal services actually rendered, Division Cash Awards, Individual Outstanding Contributor Awards and certain other eligible cash bonuses; bonus means cash payments of GoalSharing awards and Performance Incentive Plan awards. Excluded as eligible forms of compensation under this Plan are any Company contributions paid under this Plan or any other employee benefit or deferred compensation plan, awards under the Company’s Incentive Stock Plan, non-cash bonuses, commission-based compensation, awards under the Corporate Performance Plan, the value of stock purchase contracts, dividends or dividend equivalents thereon, reimbursed expenses, overseas allowances, cost-of-living allowances, death benefits, severance pay, signing bonuses, special achievement bonuses and other unusual payments determined by the Committee in a non- discriminatory manner. The Committee in its sole discretion may add to the items of includable compensation other compensatory payments or benefits earned by an Eligible Employee. 1.8 “Effective Date” means January 1, 1997. The effective date of this second restatement is January 1, 2023. 1.9 “Eligible Employee” means any employee of a Participating Company who meets the eligibility requirements of Section 3.1(a) and the Committee permits to participate in the Plan. 1.10 “ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended. 1.11 “Investment Plan” means the Corning Incorporated Investment Plan. 1.12 “Participating Company” means the Company and any related entity that meets the definition of “Company” in the Pension Plan and which is approved by the Committee as a Participating Company under this Plan. 1.13 “Pension Plan” means the Corning Incorporated Pension Plan for Salaried Employees. 1.14 “Plan” means this Corning Incorporated Supplemental Investment Plan. 1.15 “Plan Year” means the calendar year. 1.16 “Section 409A” means Code Section 409A, and the Treasury regulations and other authoritative guidance issued thereunder. 1.17 “Trustee” means any trustee the Board may designate if it determines, in its sole discretion, to establish a rabbi trust fund for the purpose of paying Plan benefits. ARTICLE TWO Purpose and Intent of Plan 2.1 The purpose of this Plan is to attract and retain a highly-motivated executive workforce by providing to Eligible Employees the opportunity to defer additional Compensation and for the Company to make additional contributions on behalf of Eligible Employees in excess of those permitted under the Investment Plan. The Plan is intended to constitute an unfunded plan of deferred compensation for a select group of management or highly-compensated employees as provided for in Title I of ERISA. This Plan is also intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A and shall be interpreted consistent with that intent. The terms of this Plan shall supersede any and all other plans and documents that may have terms that are inconsistent with and/or are additional to the terms herein. ARTICLE THREE Eligibility and Participation 3.1 (a) Eligibility. An employee shall be an Eligible Employee and be entitled to participate in this Plan during any Plan Year that (i) such employee is on the Company payroll for the Plan Year; and (ii) such employee belongs to a select group of management or highly- compensated employees as provided for in Title I of ERISA that the Committee has designated as being eligible to participate in the Plan. 3 An employee who is eligible to participate in this Plan in a Plan Year shall not continue to be eligible to participate in the Plan in any subsequent Plan Year unless the employee satisfies the foregoing eligibility criteria in such subsequent Plan Year. (b) Participation. An Eligible Employee shall commence participating in the Plan consistent with the Eligible Employee’s election pursuant to Section 4.3; provided that an Eligible Employee’s base salary deferrals into the Plan shall not commence until the Eligible Employee’s elected contributions under the Investment Plan for a Plan Year are suspended because the Eligible Employee has contributed the maximum contribution to the Investment Plan under Code Sections 402(g) and 414(v). ARTICLE FOUR Contributions 4.1 Employee Contributions. An Eligible Employee may contribute to this Plan in a Plan Year any amount of his or her Compensation during the Plan Year (not to exceed the maximum percentage of compensation permitted under the Investment Plan for employee contributions), in the amount set forth on the Eligible Employee’s deferral election. Base salary contributions to this Plan shall be made in the amount set forth on the Eligible Employee’s deferral election specific to base pay, and shall commence after the Eligible Employee is unable to make contributions to the Investment Plan due to the application of the Code’s limitations on contributions described in Section 3.1(b). Bonus contributions to this Plan shall be made in the amount set forth on the Eligible Employee’s deferral election specific to bonuses. All Eligible Employee contributions shall be pre-tax and shall be made by salary reduction in accordance with the deferral election rules of Section 4.3. References in this Plan to deferrals under the Investment Plan shall include both pre-tax deferrals and Roth contributions, as well as pre-tax and Roth catch-up contributions, made under the Investment Plan. 4.2 Company Allocations. (a) Matching Allocations. (i) Base Salary. If any portion of an Eligible Employee’s base salary contributions under Section 4.1 for a payroll period consists of amounts that would have been matched by the Company under the Investment Plan, the Company will credit matching allocations to the Eligible Employee under this Plan for such payroll period with respect to such base salary contributions at the same level and under the same terms as specified in the Investment Plan (but ignoring Code limitations on contributions and compensation and treating the Eligible Employee’s elective deferrals into this Plan as Compensation to be taken into account for purposes of calculating such matching allocations to the extent that such base salary contributions were not taken into account for purposes of calculating matching contributions to the Eligible Employee under the Investment Plan); provided, however, for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 2023, (i) for Eligible Employees who both (A) are currently accruing a benefit under the career average formula of the Company’s Pension Plan (part I benefit) and (B) have 24 or more years of vesting service as of the preceding December 31, the Company will credit matching allocations to such Eligible Employee under this Plan for such payroll period at a rate of 100 percent of such Eligible Employee’s base salary contributions under Section 4.1 for such payroll period up to 5.00 percent of the Eligible Employee’s base salary for such payroll period, and (ii) for Eligible Employees who both (A) are currently accruing a benefit under the career average formula of the Company’s Pension Plan (part I benefit) and (B) have less than 24 years of vesting service as of the preceding December 31, the Company will credit matching allocations to such Eligible Employee under this Plan at a rate of 75 percent of such Eligible Employee’s base salary contributions under Section 4.1 for such payroll period up to 5.00 percent of the Eligible Employee’s base salary for such payroll period. Any Investment Plan limitation on matching contributions that is not attributable to Code limitations (e.g., the Investment Plan’s cap on the maximum Company match) shall apply to allocations credited under this Plan and under the Investment Plan in the aggregate. 4 (ii) Bonus. If an Eligible Employee has bonus contributions under Section 4.1 for a Plan Year, the Company will credit matching allocations to the Eligible Employee under this Plan for such Plan Year with respect to such bonus contributions at the same level and under the same terms as specified in the Investment Plan (but ignoring Code limitations on contributions and compensation and treating the Eligible Employee’s bonus compensation (both paid and deferred) as compensation to be taken into account for purposes of calculating such matching allocations); provided, however, for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 2023, (i) for Eligible Employees who both (A) are currently accruing a benefit under the career average formula of the Company’s Pension Plan (part I benefit) and (B) have 24 or more years of vesting service as of the preceding December 31, the Company will credit matching allocations to such Eligible Employee under this Plan for such Plan Year at a rate of 100 percent of such Eligible Employee’s bonus contributions for the Plan Year up to 5.00 percent of the Eligible Employee’s bonus compensation (both paid and deferred) taken into account under this Plan for the Plan Year, and (ii) for Eligible Employees who both (A) are currently accruing a benefit under the career average formula of the Company’s Pension Plan (part I benefit) and (B) have less than 24 years of vesting service as of the preceding December 31, the Company will credit matching allocations to such Eligible Employee under this Plan for such Plan Year at a rate of 75 percent of such Eligible Employee’s bonus contributions for the Plan Year up to 5.00 percent of the Eligible Employee’s bonus compensation (both paid and deferred) taken into account under this Plan for the Plan Year. of earnings from both components of income (i.e., base salary and bonus). (iii) Maximum Match. An Eligible Employee will not be credited with a maximum match unless he or she contributes at least the required percent (b) Allocations for Long-Service Employees. Each Plan Year, the Company shall allocate on behalf of each Eligible Employee who both (i) is currently accruing a benefit under the career average formula of the Company’s Pension Plan (part I benefit) and (ii) has elected to contribute base salary or bonus for the Plan Year to this Plan, an amount equal to the sum of (A) 1.175 percent of the Eligible Employee’s base salary for the portion of the Plan Year during which base salary contributions were made to this Plan under Section 4.1 and (B) 1.175 percent of the Eligible Employee’s bonus compensation (both paid and deferred) taken into account under this Plan for the Plan Year; provided, however, that the amount included in the calculation for (B) will be zero if the Eligible Employee did not make any bonus compensation contribution to this Plan under Section 4.1 during such Plan Year. (c) Company Allocations Suspended. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 4.2, the Company shall cease to make all Company Allocations under this Section 4.2 for Compensation earned in payroll periods beginning on or after May 25, 2020 and ending with the payroll period ending December 20, 2020, and with respect to Eligible Employee contributions made from such Compensation. 4.3 Deferral Election for Eligible Employee Contributions. An Eligible Employee may defer Compensation under this Plan only by making an election with the Company before the last day of the Plan Year preceding the Plan Year in which the services giving rise to the Compensation are performed. For example, an election to defer base salary earned in 2009 must be made on or before December 31, 2008. Likewise, an election to defer an annual bonus that is earned for services rendered in 2009 but is paid in 2010 must be made on or before December 31, 2008. Such election shall include: (a) the amount to be deferred; and (b) for the Eligible Employee’s initial election to contribute to the Plan, the form of payment for receiving his or her retirement benefits. The terms of this election shall be irrevocable except that a new election form may be filed with respect to future deferrals for subsequent Plan Years. However, the form of payment elected by an Eligible Employer in his/her first deferral election shall govern all subsequent deferrals. An Eligible Employee shall make separate elections with respect to deferrals of base salary and deferrals of bonuses. An Eligible Employee’s elections for base salary and bonuses shall continue in effect for subsequent Plan Years until the Eligible Employee makes a new election. Any new election shall become effective for Compensation earned for services provided in the Plan Year following the year when the new election is made. Generally, references to “base salary” means Compensation other than Compensation earned for services provided (in whole or part) in one year and paid out in a subsequent year (e.g., annual bonuses), and references to bonuses means Compensation that does not qualify as a base salary. 5 When an Eligible Employee makes an election to contribute a percentage of base salary into the Plan, the Eligible Employee must also make an election to contribute a percentage to the Investment Plan. Actual deferrals of base salary into this Plan shall not commence until the Eligible Employee is unable to make contributions to the Investment Plan due to the application of the Code’s limitations on contributions described in Section 3.1(b). By making a base salary deferral election into this Plan for a Plan Year, the Eligible Employee agrees that his or her deferral election under the Investment Plan shall be irrevocable for the Plan Year. If an Eligible Employee makes an election to contribute a portion of his/her bonus into the Plan that contribution will be made regardless of whether the Eligible Employee has reached a Code limitation on contributions as of the date the bonus is paid. Also, if an Eligible Employee makes an election to contribute a portion of his/her bonus into the Plan for a Plan Year, the Eligible Employee shall not be permitted to defer any portion of such bonus into the Investment Plan and the bonus will not count as compensation for purposes of making elective or matching contributions under the Investment Plan (although the bonus will count as Compensation for purposes of this Plan). 4.4 Committee Adjustments. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for purposes of calculating a particular Eligible Employee’s benefit under the Plan, the Committee, in its sole discretion, may adjust an Eligible Employee’s Compensation, vesting service or other factor used in calculating the Eligible Employee’s benefit in any manner the Committee deems appropriate, provided such adjustment is memorialized in writing. The Committee may make such adjustment solely for a specified Eligible Employee or group of Eligible Employees and without regard to how other Eligible Employees are treated. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no adjustment may be made under this Section if it would violate Section 409A. ARTICLE FIVE Investment of Eligible Employee Accounts 5.1 Investment of Deferred Amounts. The Committee shall establish the same investment options under this Plan as are available from time to time under the Investment Plan. These options may be in the form of: (1) hypothetical accounts whose performance shall track the returns of the comparable Investment Plan options; (2) actual funds held by the Company; or (3) actual funds held by a Board appointed Trustee of a rabbi trust. In any event, amounts allocated to an Eligible Employee’s accounts shall be subject to the investment direction of such Eligible Employee as designated under the Plan. Notwithstanding the objective of establishing identical investment options under this Plan as exist in the Investment Plan, the Committee may in its sole discretion establish independent rules under this Plan concerning the investment of Eligible Employee deferrals in the Company Stock Fund, e.g., by prohibiting such investments altogether, by prohibiting persons subject to Section 16(b)’s short-swing profits rules from making such investments or by otherwise regulating the terms of investing in the Company Stock Fund. Effective July 1, 2009, the Company Stock Fund is frozen and no future Eligible Employee deferrals or transfers are permitted into the Company Stock Fund. Distributions or transfers out of the Company Stock Fund are permitted pursuant to the terms of the Plan. The Company shall have the ultimate obligation to pay out all deferred amounts adjusted for earnings/losses thereon in accordance with the terms of this Plan. In order to meet its obligations under this Plan, the Company may appoint a Trustee and direct such Trustee to establish a single investment account or individual investment accounts. The Trustee shall be empowered to invest such accounts and any earnings thereon in such investments (not to include securities of the Trustee) as may be designated by the Committee. In the event a Trustee is appointed to establish investment accounts, the Committee shall be responsible for directing how the accounts are to be invested, taking into account Eligible Employee preferences. If no Trustee is appointed, the Committee shall establish bookkeeping accounts and credit earnings to such accounts in accordance with such Investment Plan benchmarks as may be established from time to time. 5.2 Investment of Company Allocations. If applicable, all Company allocations under Section 4.2 shall be subject to such investment and transfer restrictions as apply from time to time to comparable contributions made under the Investment Plan in which the Eligible Employee participates. 6 5.3 Rollover of Other Deferred Compensation Accounts. The Committee may in its sole discretion direct the transfer of amounts deferred by an Eligible Employee under another unfunded deferred compensation plan of the Company to the Eligible Employee’s account under this Plan. Such transfer shall be made for the purpose of commonly investing the deferred amounts under a single investment arrangement. Any such transfer of assets shall be permitted only to the extent that the assets are of a type which can be invested under this Plan. No transfer of assets shall change the terms of any deferred compensation election made by the Eligible Employee with respect to such transferred assets. However, to the extent consistent with any election on the other unfunded deferred compensation arrangement’s election form, the terms of this Plan and any associated trust agreement shall govern such transferred amounts. No transfer may be permitted under this Section if prohibited under Section 409A. 5.4 Limitations on Assignment of Benefits. Each Eligible Employee’s account under the trust shall be subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors in the event of the Company’s insolvency or bankruptcy as provided in the trust agreement. The benefits payable under this Plan shall not be subject in any way to anticipation, alienation, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance, charge, garnishment, execution or levy of any kind by the Eligible Employee, his beneficiary or the creditors of either, including any such liability as may arise from the Eligible Employee’s bankruptcy. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all or a portion of an Employee’s account under the Plan may be paid to another person as specified in a Domestic Relations Order, as described in Section 9.2 of this Plan. 5.5 Unfunded Plan. The benefits payable to an Eligible Employee under this Plan shall be paid by the Participating Company that employs the Eligible Employee out of its general assets and shall not be otherwise funded as of the original effective date of the plan. Although the Company does not intend, as of the original effective date, to set aside any specific assets to meet its obligation to pay benefits under this Plan, the Company may, in its discretion, set aside assets for meeting its obligations, including, but not limited to, the establishment of a rabbi or other grantor trust. In the event such fund or trust is established, each Participating Company shall be responsible for making contributions to provide for the benefits of its own Eligible Employees. No Eligible Employee shall have any property rights in any such fund or trust or in any other assets held by a Participating Company. The right of an Eligible Employee or his or her spouse or beneficiary to receive any of the benefits provided by this Plan shall be an unsecured claim against the general assets of a Participating Company. ARTICLE SIX Benefits 6.1 Vesting. An Eligible Employee’s contributions under Section 4.1, the Company’s allocations for long-service Eligible Employees under Section 4.2(b) and the earnings on all such contributions are 100 percent vested at all times. The Company’s matching allocations under Sections 4.2(a) and earnings thereon shall become vested in accordance with the terms and conditions in effect from time to time for the vesting of Company matching contributions under the Investment Plan. 6.2 Timing and Form of Benefit Payments. (a) Retirement Benefits. If an Eligible Employee terminates employment at any time on or after the date the Eligible Employee attains age 55 and completes five years of vesting service, the amounts accumulated in an Eligible Employee’s account shall be paid in full or shall commence within 60 days after the six-month anniversary of his or her termination of employment. Account balances shall be paid in cash in either a lump sum or in two, three, four or five annual installment payments of substantially equal amounts. Installment payments will be calculated by dividing the Eligible Employee’s account balance by the remaining installment payments). The election of the form of payment shall be made initially at the time of the deferral election as specified in Section 4.3. If no valid election concerning the form of benefits is in effect, the Eligible Employee’s entire account balance shall be paid in a lump sum amount. For purposes of this Plan, vesting service shall be calculated under the rules set forth in the Investment Plan as of January 1, 2008. For purposes of this Section, “terminates employment” or “termination of employment” shall have the meaning specified in Section 409A; provided that for purposes of this definition where a leave of absence is due to any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than six months, where such impairment causes the Employee to be unable to perform the duties of his or her position of employment or any substantially similar position of employment, the employment relationship is deemed to terminate on the first date immediately following a 29-month period of absence. 7 (b) Death Benefits. In the event of an Eligible Employee’s death, his or her account balance shall be payable to his or her designated beneficiary which may be a natural person, a trust or an estate. An Eligible Employee shall designate his or her beneficiary in writing on a form acceptable to the Committee. The filing of any beneficiary designation form shall have the effect of automatically revoking any beneficiary designation form filed previously. The consent of a previously designated beneficiary shall not be a prerequisite for an Eligible Employee to file a new beneficiary designation form. If death occurs while the Eligible Employee is receiving installment payments, the Company shall pay the remaining interest of the Eligible Employee to his or her beneficiary in a lump sum payment as soon as practicable following the Eligible Employee’s death but in no event later than December 31 of the following calendar year. With respect to deaths which occur prior to an Eligible Employee’s commencing receipt of benefits, the Company shall pay the Eligible Employee’s benefit to his or her beneficiary in a lump sum payment as soon as practicable following the Eligible Employee’s death but in no event later than December 31 of the following calendar year. If a beneficiary is not validly designated, or is not living or cannot be found at the date of payment, any amount payable pursuant to this Plan shall be paid to the estate of the Eligible Employee in a lump sum amount. (c) Benefits Payable Other Than on Account of Retirement or Death. If an Eligible Employee’s termination of employment occurs for any reason other than retirement or death as described in the preceding subsections, the Eligible Employee’s entire vested interest under this Plan shall be paid out in a single lump sum payment within 60 days following termination of employment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, benefit payments to a specified employee may not commence until six months following the date of the specified employee’s termination of employment. Therefore, benefits paid under this subsection to a specified employee shall be paid in a lump sum within 60 days after the date that is six months following the specified employee’s termination of employment. For purposes of this Section, “specified employee” or “termination of employment” shall have the meanings set forth in Section 409A; provided that for purposes of the definition of “termination of employment” where a leave of absence is due to any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than six months, where such impairment causes the Employee to be unable to perform the duties of his or her position of employment or any substantially similar position of employment, the employment relationship is deemed to terminate on the first date immediately following a 29- month period of absence. 6.3 In-Service Withdrawals. Notwithstanding the time of payment provisions set forth in Section 6.2, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, authorize an in-service withdrawal on account of an Eligible Employee’s Unforeseeable Emergency. A distribution based upon Unforeseeable Financial Emergency shall not exceed the lesser of the Eligible Employee ‘s vested account balance, or the amount reasonably needed to satisfy the Unforeseeable Financial Emergency plus amounts necessary to pay taxes reasonably anticipated as a result of the payouts, after taking into account the extent to which the Unforeseeable Financial Emergency is or may be relieved through reimbursement or compensation by insurance or otherwise or by liquidation of the participant’s assets (to the extent the liquidation of assets would not itself cause severe financial hardship). A distribution based upon Unforeseeable Financial Emergency shall be permitted only to the extent permitted under Section 409A. For purposes of the Plan, the term “Unforeseeable Financial Emergency” shall mean an unanticipated emergency that is caused by an event beyond the control of the Eligible Employee that would result in severe financial hardship to the Eligible Employee resulting from (i) an illness or accident of the participant, the participant’s spouse or a dependent of the participant, (ii) a loss of the participant’s property due to casualty, or (iii) such other extraordinary and unforeseeable circumstances arising as a result of events beyond the control of the participant, all as determined in the sole discretion of the Committee. 6.4 Change in Control. In the event of a Change in Control, the accounts of all Eligible Employees shall remain or become 100 percent vested and the Committee shall have the discretion either to distribute all account balances accrued to the date of the Change in Control in a lump sum amount or to permit the Plan to continue in accordance with its terms. The Committee shall make its determination on whether to continue the Plan or to distribute all accounts in the period beginning 30 days prior to an anticipated Change in Control and 180 days following an actual Change in Control. Any termination and liquidation of the Plan under this Section must satisfy all applicable requirements under Section 409A. 6.5 CCS Supplemental Investment Plan and the CCS Supplemental Retirement Plan. Effective February 2, 2004, the CCS Supplemental Investment Plan and the CCS Supplemental Retirement Plan were merged into this plan and all distributions on and after February 2, 2004, from the Plan shall be made in accordance with the distribution rules set forth under the Plan. 8 ARTICLE SEVEN Administration and Procedures 7.1 Committee as Administrator. This Plan shall be administered by the Committee in accordance with the Plan’s terms. The Committee shall inform each Eligible Employee of any deferral, investment and beneficiary elections which the Employer may possess and shall record such choices along with such other information as may be necessary to administer the Plan. 7.2 Establishment of Accounts. The Committee shall establish and maintain individual accounts for each Eligible Employee, which accounts shall record all activities with respect to the accounts, including contributions, adjustments for earnings (and losses), and withdrawals. The Committee shall determine the benefits due each Eligible Employee from this Plan and shall direct them to be paid by the Company, a Participating Company or the Trustee accordingly. 7.3 Committee Action Final. The Committee has sole discretion to determine the eligibility of employees to participate in this Plan, to determine their eligibility for and the amount of their benefits, to interpret the Plan, to adopt rules relating to its administration and to take any other action it deems appropriate to administer the Plan. The decisions made by and the actions taken by the Committee shall be final and conclusive on all persons. Members of the Committee shall not be subject to individual liability with respect to their actions under this Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall indemnify each member of the Committee who may incur financial liability for actions or failures to act with respect to the member’s Committee responsibilities. 7.4 Consistency of Interpretation. Since this Plan is intended to operate in conjunction with the Investment Plan, any questions concerning plan administration or the calculation of benefits that arise but are not specifically addressed by this Plan shall be considered in light of the Investment Plan. In addition, unless the context requires otherwise, the terms used in this Plan shall have the same meaning as the same terms used in the Investment Plan. 7.5 Claims Procedures. (a) Claim for Benefits. The Committee, or its authorized delegate, shall maintain a procedure under which an Eligible Employee or his beneficiary (or an authorized representative acting on behalf of an Eligible Employee or his beneficiary) may assert a claim for benefits under the Plan. Any such claim shall be submitted to the Committee in writing. The Committee will generally notify the claimant of its decision within 90 days after it receives the claim. However, if the Committee determines that special circumstances require an extension of time to decide the claim, it may obtain an additional 90 days to decide the claim. Before obtaining this extension, the Committee will notify the claimant, in writing and before the end of the initial 90-day period, of the special circumstances requiring the extension and the date by which the Committee expects to render a decision. (b) Claims Review Procedure. If the claimant’s claim is denied in whole or in part, the Committee will provide the claimant, within the period described in Section 7.5(a), with a written or electronic notice which explains the reason or reasons for the decision, includes specific references to Plan provisions upon which the decision is based, provides a description of any additional material or information which might be helpful to decide the claim (including an explanation of why that information may be necessary), and describes the appeals procedures and applicable filing deadlines. If a claimant disagrees with the decision reached by the Committee, the claimant may submit a written appeal requesting a review of the decision. The claimant’s written appeal must be submitted within 60 days of receiving the initial adverse decision. The claimant’s written appeal should clearly state the reason or reasons why the claimant disagrees with the Committee’s decision. The claimant may submit written comments, documents, records and other information relating to the claim even if such information was not submitted in connection with the initial claim for benefits. Additionally, the claimant, upon request and free of charge, may have reasonable access and copies of all documents, records and other information relevant to the claim. The Committee will generally decide a claimant’s appeal within 60 days after receipt of appeal. If special circumstances require an extension of time for reviewing the claim, the claimant will be notified in writing. The notice will be provided prior to the commencement of the extension, describe the special circumstances requiring the extension and set forth the date the Committee will decide the appeal. Such date will not be later than 120 days from the date the Committee receives the appeal. In the case of an adverse decision, the notice will explain the reason or reasons for the decision, include specific references to Plan provisions upon which the decision is based, and indicate that the claimant is entitled to, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to and copies of documents, records, and other information relevant to the claim. 9 A claimant may not commence a judicial proceeding against any person, including the Plan, the Plan administrator, a Participating Company, or any other person, with respect to a claim for benefits without first exhausting the claims procedures set forth in the preceding paragraph. A claimant who has exhausted these procedures and is dissatisfied with the decision on appeal of a denied claim may bring an action in an appropriate court to review the Committee’s decision on appeal but only if such action is commenced no later than the earlier of (1) the applicable statute of limitations, or (2) the first anniversary of the Committee’s decision on appeal. ARTICLE EIGHT Amendment and Termination 8.1 Company’s Authority. The Company reserves the right to amend or to terminate the Plan at any time for whatever reason it may deem appropriate. The Board may delegate to a Company employee, who is at least a Vice President, the authority to make technical amendments to the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any amendment or termination of the Plan shall comply with the requirements of Section 409A. 8.2 Company Obligations for Benefits. Notwithstanding the preceding Section, the Company hereby makes a contractual commitment to pay to its Eligible Employees the benefits accrued under this Plan to the extent it is financially capable of meeting such obligations. ARTICLE NINE Miscellaneous 9.1 No Contract of Employment. Nothing contained in this Plan shall be construed as a contract of employment between the Company and an Eligible Employee, or as a right of any Eligible Employee to be continued in the employment of a Participating Company, or as a limitation of the right of a Participating Company to discharge any of its Eligible Employees, with or without cause. 9.2 No Transferability. The rights of an Eligible Employee under this Plan shall not be transferable, voluntarily or involuntarily, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution and are exercisable during the Eligible Employee’s lifetime only by the Eligible Employee or the Eligible Employee’s guardian or legal representative. 9.3 Domestic Relations Orders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all or a portion of an Employee’s account under the Plan may be paid to another person as specified in a domestic relations order that the Board, or its delegate, determines meets certain requirements (a “Domestic Relations Order”). For this purpose, a Domestic Relations Order means a judgment, decree, or order (including the approval of a settlement agreement) which: (i) is issued pursuant to a State’s domestic relations law; (ii) relates to the provision of child support, alimony payments or marital property rights to a spouse, former spouse, child or other dependent of the Participant; (iii) creates or recognizes the right of a spouse, former spouse, child or other dependent of the Participant (an “Alternate Payee”) to receive all or a portion of the Participant’s benefits under the Plan; (iv) requires payment of an Employee’s benefit to an Alternate Payee in a form that maintains value equivalence; and (v) meets such other requirements, terms, and conditions established by the Board, or its delegate. The Board, or its delegate, shall determine whether any document received by it is a Domestic Relations Order. In making this determination, the Board, or its delegate, may consider the rules applicable to “domestic relations orders” under Code Section 414(p) and ERISA section 206(d), and such other rules and procedures as it deems relevant. 9.4 Governing Law. This Plan shall be interpreted and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. 10 9.5 Section 409A. This Plan shall be governed by and subject to the requirements of Section 409A and shall be interpreted and administered in accordance with that intent. If any provision of this Plan would otherwise conflict with or frustrate this intent, that provision will be interpreted and deemed amended so as to avoid the conflict. The Committee reserves the right to take any action it deems appropriate or necessary to comply with the requirements of Section 409A and may take advantage of such transition rules under Section 409A as it deems necessary or appropriate. 9.6 Taxation. The benefits payable under this Plan shall be subject to all federal, state and local income and employment taxes to which benefits of this type are normally subject. 9.7 Successors. This Plan shall be binding on the Company’s successors and assigns. 9.8 Effective Date. The original effective date of this Plan is January 1, 1997. The effective date of this third amended and restated plan document is January 1, 2024. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Plan document to be executed by its duly authorized officer this 5th day of December, 2023. CORNING INCORPORATED By: /s/ John P. MacMahon John P. MacMahon Title: Sr. Vice President, Global Compensation & Benefits Corning Incorporated Insider Trading Policy Table of Contents Exhibit 19 Adopted: March 1, 2015 Revised: February 1, 2023 1. Purpose 2. Persons Subject to the Policy 3. Transactions Subject to the Policy 4. Individual Responsibility 5. Administration of the Policy 6. Principal Statement of Policy 7. Definition of Material Nonpublic Information 8. Transactions by Family Members and Others 9. Transactions Under Company Plans 10. Transactions Not Involving a Purchase or Sale 11. Special and Prohibited Transactions 12. Additional Procedures 13. Rule 10b5-1 Plans 14. Post-Termination Transactions 15. Consequences of Violations 16. Reporting of Violations 17. Company Assistance 18. Certification Appendix 12(b) General Description of the Trading Window Group Appendix 13 Guidelines for Rule 10b5-1 Plans For purposes of this Policy: “General Counsel” shall mean Lewis A. Steverson. “Lead Securities Attorney” shall mean Linda E. Jolly. “Executive Officers” shall mean Section 16 reporting officers of the Company. 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 5 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 10 1. Purpose 2 This Insider Trading Policy (the “Policy”) states policy with respect to transactions in the securities of Corning Incorporated (the “Company”), and the handling of confidential information about the Company and other companies with which the Company does business. The Company has adopted this Policy to promote compliance with federal and state securities laws that prohibit certain persons who are aware of material non-public information (“MNPI”) about a company from (i) trading in securities of that company, or (ii) providing MNPI to other persons who may trade on the basis of that information. 2. Persons Subject to the Policy This Policy applies to all members of the Company’s Board of Directors (each a “Board Member”), and to all officers and employees of the Company. The Company may also determine that other persons should be subject to this Policy, such as contractors or consultants who have access to MNPI. With respect to a person covered by this Policy, the Policy also applies to their family members, other members of their household, and entities controlled by them, as described below. 3. Transactions Subject to the Policy This Policy applies to transactions in the Company’s securities (collectively referred to in this Policy as “Company Securities”), including the Company’s common stock, options to purchase common stock, or any other type of securities that the Company may issue, including (but not limited to) preferred stock, notes, convertible debentures and warrants. In addition, the Policy applies to derivative securities that are not issued by the Company but which relate to Company Securities, such as exchange-traded put or call options or swaps. The Policy similarly applies to transactions in or relating to the securities of certain other companies with which the Company does business. 4. Individual Responsibility Persons subject to this Policy have ethical and legal obligations to maintain the confidentiality of information about the Company and to not engage in transactions in Company Securities while in possession of MNPI. Each individual is responsible for making sure that he or she complies with this Policy, and that any family member, household member or entity whose transactions are subject to this Policy, as discussed below, also comply with this Policy. In all cases, the responsibility for determining whether an individual is in possession of MNPI rests with that individual, and any action on the part of the Company, the General Counsel, the Lead Securities Attorney or any other employee or Board Member pursuant to this Policy (or otherwise) does not in any way constitute legal advice or insulate an individual from liability under applicable securities laws. You could be subject to severe legal penalties and disciplinary action by the Company for any conduct prohibited by this Policy or applicable securities laws, as described below under the heading “Consequences of Violations.” 5. Administration of the Policy a. Compliance Officer. The General Counsel shall serve as the “Compliance Officer” for the purposes of this Policy. The General Counsel may delegate authority to administer the Policy. All determinations and interpretations by the General Counsel or Lead Securities Attorney shall be final and not subject to further review. b. Policy Distribution. This Policy is made available to all employees upon commencement of employment and will be continually available to employees on the Company’s intranet site. 6. Principal Statement of Policy a. Trading in Company Securities and Disclosure of Non-public Information. It is the policy of the Company that no Board Member, officer or other employee of the Company (or any other person designated by this Policy or by the General Counsel as subject to this Policy) who is aware of MNPI relating to the Company may, directly or indirectly through family members or other persons or entities: i. Engage in transactions in Company Securities, except as otherwise specified in this Policy under the headings “Transactions Under Company Plans” and “Transactions Not Involving a Purchase or Sale”; ii. Recommend the purchase or sale of any Company Securities; 3 iii. Disclose MNPI to persons within the Company whose jobs do not require them to have that information, or outside of the Company to other persons, including, but not limited to, family, friends, business associates, investors and expert consulting firms, unless any such disclosure is made in accordance with the Company’s policies regarding the protection and disclosure of information regarding the Company (“Tipping”); or iv. Assist anyone engaged in the above activities. b. Trading in Securities of Other Companies. In addition, it is the policy of the Company that no Board Member, officer or other employee of the Company (or any other person designated as subject to this Policy) who, in the course of working for the Company, learns of MNPI about a company with which the Company does or intends to do business, including a customer or supplier of the Company, may trade in that company’s securities until the information becomes public or is no longer material. c. No Exceptions. There are no exceptions to this Policy, except as specifically noted herein. Transactions that may be necessary or justifiable for independent reasons (such as the need to raise money for an emergency expenditure), or small transactions, are not excepted from this Policy. The securities laws do not recognize any mitigating circumstances, and, in any event, even the appearance of an improper transaction must be avoided to preserve the Company’s reputation for adhering to the highest standards of conduct. 7. Definition of MNPI a. Material Information. Information is considered “material” if a reasonable investor would consider that information important in making a decision to buy, hold, or sell securities. Any information that could be expected to impact the Company’s stock price, whether it is positive or negative, should be considered material. There is no bright-line standard for assessing materiality; rather, materiality is based on an assessment of all of the facts and circumstances, and is often evaluated by enforcement authorities with the benefit of hindsight. While it is not possible to define all categories of material information, some examples of information that ordinarily would be regarded as material are: • • • • • • • • • • Operating or financial results or projections, including earnings guidance; Corporate transactions, such as mergers, acquisitions or restructurings; Dividend, share repurchase or recapitalization matters; Debt or equity financing matters; Regulatory matters; A change in the Board of Directors or senior management; A change in auditors or disagreements with the auditor Impending bankruptcy or the existence of severe liquidity problems; The imposition of a ban on trading in Company Securities or other securities; and Developments in significant projects. b. When Information is Considered Public. Information that has not been disclosed to the public is generally considered to be non-public information. In order to establish that the information has been disclosed to the public, it may be necessary to demonstrate that the information has been widely disseminated. Information generally would be considered widely disseminated if it has been disclosed through the Dow Jones “broad tape,” newswire services, or public disclosure documents filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) that are available on the SEC’s website. By contrast, information would likely not be considered widely disseminated if it is available only to the Company’s employees, or if it is only available to a select group of analysts, brokers, and institutional investors. Once information is widely disseminated, it is still necessary to afford the investing public with sufficient time to absorb the information. As a general rule, information should not be considered fully absorbed by the marketplace until the first business day after the day on which the information is released. If, for example, the Company were to make an announcement on a Monday morning, you should not trade in Company Securities until Tuesday morning. Depending on the particular circumstances, the Company may determine that a longer or shorter period should apply to the release of specific MNPI. 8. Transactions by Family Members and Others 4 This Policy applies to your family members who reside with you (including a spouse, a child, a child away at college, stepchildren, grandchildren, parents, stepparents, grandparents, siblings and in-laws), anyone else who lives in your household, and any family members who do not live in your household but whose transactions in Company Securities are directed by you or are subject to your influence or control, such as parents or children who consult with you before they trade in Company Securities (collectively referred to as “Family Members”). You are responsible for the transactions of these other persons and therefore should make them aware of the need to confer with you before they trade in Company Securities, and you should treat all such transactions for the purposes of this Policy and applicable securities laws as if the transactions were for your own account. This Policy does not, however, apply to personal securities transactions of Family Members where the purchase or sale decision is made by a third party not controlled by, influenced by or related to you or your Family Members. 9. Transactions Under Company Plans This Policy does not apply in the case of the following transactions (although these transactions may nevertheless be subject to the requirements of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 applicable to Board Members and executive officers): a. Stock Option Exercises. This Policy does not apply to the exercise of an employee stock option acquired pursuant to the Company’s plans, or to the exercise of a tax withholding right pursuant to which a person has elected to have the Company withhold shares subject to an option to satisfy tax withholding requirements. This Policy does apply, however, to any sale of stock upon the exercise of the option or as part of a broker-assisted cashless exercise of an option, or any other market sale for the purpose of generating the cash needed to pay the exercise price of an option. b. Restricted Stock Awards. This Policy does not apply to the vesting of restricted stock, or the exercise of a tax withholding right pursuant to which you elect to have the Company withhold shares of stock to satisfy tax withholding requirements upon the vesting of any restricted stock. The Policy does apply, however, to any market sale of restricted stock. c. 401(k) Plan. This Policy does not apply to purchases of Company Securities in the Company’s 401(k) plan resulting from your periodic contribution of money to the plan pursuant to your payroll deduction election. This Policy does apply, however, to certain elections you may make under the 401(k) plan, including: (a) an election to increase or decrease the percentage of your periodic contributions that will be allocated to any Company stock fund; (b) an election to make an intra-plan transfer of an existing account balance into or out of any Company stock fund; (c) an election to borrow money against your 401(k) plan account if the loan will result in a liquidation of some or all of any Company stock fund balance; and (d) an election to pre-pay a plan loan if the pre-payment will result in allocation of loan proceeds to any Company stock fund. d. Dividend Reinvestment Plan. This Policy does not apply to purchases of Company Securities under the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan resulting from your reinvestment of dividends paid on Company Securities. This Policy does apply, however, to voluntary purchases of Company Securities resulting from additional contributions you choose to make to the dividend reinvestment plan, and to your election to participate in the plan or increase your level of participation in the plan. This Policy also applies to your sale of any Company Securities purchased pursuant to the plan. 10. Transactions Not Involving a Purchase or Sale Bona fide gifts are not transactions subject to this Policy, unless the person making the gift has reason to believe that the recipient intends to sell the Company Securities while the officer, employee or Board Member is aware of MNPI, or the person making the gift is subject to the trading restrictions specified below under the heading “Additional Procedures” and the sales by the recipient of the Company Securities occur outside an Open Trading Window (as defined in Section 12). Further, transactions in mutual funds that are invested in Company Securities are not transactions subject to this Policy. 11. Special and Prohibited Transactions The Company has determined that there is a heightened legal risk and/or the appearance of improper or inappropriate conduct if the persons subject to this Policy engage in certain types of transactions. It therefore is the Company’s policy that any persons covered by this Policy may not engage in any of the following transactions, or should otherwise consider the Company’s preferences as described below: 5 a. Short-Term Trading. Short-term trading of Company Securities may be distracting to the person and may unduly focus the person on the Company’s short-term stock market performance instead of the Company’s long-term business objectives. For these reasons, all persons subject to this Policy who purchase Company Securities in the open market are discouraged from selling any Company Securities of the same class during the six months following the purchase (or vice versa). Furthermore, such short-term trading by Board Members or executive officers (as defined by Rule 16a-1) may result in short-swing profit liability under Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. b. Short Sales. Short sales of Company Securities (i.e., the sale of a security that the seller does not own) may evidence an expectation on the part of the seller that the securities will decline in value, and therefore have the potential to signal to the market that the seller lacks confidence in the Company’s prospects. In addition, short sales may reduce a seller’s incentive to seek to improve the Company’s performance. For these reasons, short sales of Company Securities are prohibited. Furthermore, Section 16(c) of the Exchange Act prohibits Board Members and executive officers (as defined by Rule 16a-1) from engaging in short sales. (Short sales arising from certain types of hedging transactions are governed by the paragraph below captioned “Hedging Transactions.”) c. Publicly-Traded Options. Given the relatively short term of publicly-traded options, transactions in options may create the appearance that a Board Member, officer or employee is trading based on MNPI and focus a Board Member’s, officer’s or other employee’s attention on short-term performance at the expense of the Company’s long-term objectives. Accordingly, transactions in put options, call options or other derivative securities, on an exchange or in any other organized market, are prohibited by this Policy. (Option positions arising from certain types of hedging transactions are governed by the next paragraph below.) d. Hedging Transactions. Hedging or monetization transactions can be accomplished through a number of possible mechanisms, including through the use of financial instruments such as prepaid variable forwards, equity swaps, collars and exchange funds. Such hedging transactions may permit a Board Member, officer or employee to continue to own Company Securities obtained through employee benefit plans or otherwise, but without the full risks and rewards of ownership. When that occurs, the Board Member, officer or employee may no longer have the same objectives as the Company’s other shareholders. Therefore, Board Members, officers, and employees are prohibited from engaging in any such transactions. e. Margin Accounts and Pledged Securities. Securities held in a margin account as collateral for a margin loan may be sold by the broker without the customer’s consent if the customer fails to meet a margin call. Similarly, securities pledged (or hypothecated) as collateral for a loan may be sold in foreclosure if the borrower defaults on the loan. Because a margin sale or foreclosure sale may occur at a time when the pledger is aware of MNPI or otherwise is not permitted to trade in Company Securities, Board Members, officers and other employees are prohibited from holding Company Securities in a margin account or otherwise pledging Company Securities as collateral for a loan. (Pledges of Company Securities arising from certain types of hedging transactions are governed by the paragraph above captioned “Hedging Transactions.”) f. Standing and Limit Orders. Standing and limit orders (except standing and limit orders under approved Rule 10b5-1 Plans, as described below) create heightened risks for insider trading violations similar to the use of margin accounts. There is no control over the timing of purchases or sales that result from standing instructions to a broker, and as a result the broker could execute a transaction when a Board Member, officer or other employee is in possession of MNPI. The Company therefore discourages placing standing or limit orders on Company Securities. If a person subject to this Policy determines that they must use a standing order or limit order, the order should be limited to short duration and should otherwise comply with the restrictions and procedures outlined below under the heading “Additional Procedures.” 12. Additional Procedures The Company has established additional procedures in order to assist the Company in the administration of this Policy, to facilitate compliance with laws prohibiting insider trading while in possession of MNPI, and to avoid the appearance of any impropriety. These additional procedures are applicable only to those individuals described below. 6 a. Pre-Clearance Procedures. The persons designated by the Board of Directors or the General Counsel as being subject to the pre-clearance procedures set forth in this subparagraph 13(a), as well as the Family Members of such persons, may not engage in any transaction in Company Securities without first obtaining pre-clearance of the transaction from the Lead Securities Attorney. The persons so designated will be notified by the Lead Securities Attorney and, in general, will be the Board Members and executive officers of the Company who are required to file reports under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Lead Securities Attorney is under no obligation to approve a transaction submitted for pre- clearance, and may determine not to permit the transaction. If a person seeks pre-clearance and permission to engage in the transaction is denied, and then he or she should refrain from initiating any transaction in Company Securities, and should not inform any other person of the restriction. When a request for pre-clearance is made, the requestor should carefully consider whether he or she may be aware of any MNPI about the Company, and should describe fully those circumstances to the Lead Securities Attorney. The requestor should also indicate whether he or she has effected any non-exempt “opposite-way” transactions (e.g., an open market sale would be “opposite” any open market purchase, and vice versa) within the past six months, and should be prepared to report the proposed transaction on an appropriate Form 4 or Form 5. The requestor should also be prepared to comply with SEC Rule 144 and file Form 144, if necessary, at the time of any sale. Pre-cleared transactions should be effected promptly. Requestors are encouraged, but not required, to refresh the request for pre-clearance if a pre-cleared transaction is not effected within five (5) business days after pre-clearance is received. Persons subject to this pre-clearance requirement must immediately notify the Lead Securities Attorney following the execution of any transaction, in order to allow for timely filing on their behalf of Form 4 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The time for timely filing Form 4 is short (currently two business days) and begins to run upon execution of a reportable transaction, not from the later settlement date. b. Quarterly Trading Restrictions for the Trading Window Group. The persons designated by the General Counsel as subject to the restrictions of this Paragraph 12(b) (the “Trading Window Group”), as well as their Family Members or Controlled Entities, may not conduct any transactions involving the Company’s Securities (other than as specified by this Policy) except during an Open Trading Window, generally beginning on the first business day following the day of public release of the Company’s quarterly earnings and ending on the day that is 10 days before the end of each quarter. The Lead Securities Attorney or his/her designee will notify the Trading Window Group of the opening and closing of the trading window. The persons so designated will be notified by the Lead Securities Attorney and, in general, will be those persons described in Appendix 12(b) to this Policy. c. Event-Specific Trading Restriction Periods. From time to time, an event may occur that is material to the Company and is known by only a few Board Members, officers, and/or employees. So long as the event remains material and non-public, the persons designated by the General Counsel may not trade Company Securities. In addition, material developments impacting the Company may occur in a particular fiscal quarter that, in the judgment of the General Counsel, make it advisable that designated persons should refrain from trading in Company Securities even during the ordinary Open Trading Window described above. In that situation, the Lead Securities Attorney may notify these persons that they should not trade in the Company’s Securities, without disclosing the reason for the restriction. The existence of an event-specific trading restriction period or closing of the Open Trading Window will be announced to the Trading Window Group but will not be announced to the Company as a whole, and should not be communicated to any other person. Even if the General Counsel has not designated you as a person who should not trade due to an event-specific restriction, you may not trade while aware of MNPI. Exceptions will not be granted during an event-specific trading restriction period. d. Exceptions. i. The quarterly trading restrictions and event-driven trading restrictions do not apply to those transactions to which this Policy does not apply, as described above under the headings “Transactions Under Company Plans” and “Transactions Not Involving a Purchase or Sale,” nor do they apply to an election to participate in an employer plan during an open enrollment period. 7 ii. The requirement for pre-clearance, the quarterly trading restrictions and event- driven trading restrictions do not apply to transactions conducted pursuant to approved Rule 10b5-1 plans, described under the heading “Rule 10b5-1 Plans.” iii. The General Counsel in his/her discretion may approve other or further exceptions to these requirements on a case-by-case basis in extraordinary circumstances. Any request for an exception pursuant to this paragraph must be submitted in advance and in writing, and any approval must be in writing. 13. Rule 10b5-1 Plans Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act provides a defense from insider trading liability under Rule 10b-5. In order to be eligible to rely on this defense, a person subject to this Policy must enter into a Rule 10b5-1 plan for transactions in Company Securities that meets certain conditions specified in the Rule (a “Rule 10b5-1 Plan”). If the plan meets the requirements of Rule 10b5-1, Company Securities may be purchased or sold without regard to certain insider trading restrictions. To comply with the Policy, a Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be approved by the Lead Securities Attorney and meet the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 and the Company’s “Guidelines for Rule 10b5-1 Plans,” which are set forth in Appendix 13 to this Policy. To ensure that a Rule 10b5- 1 Plan is entered into at a time when the person entering into the plan is not aware of MNPI, it must be entered into during an Open Trading Window. Once the plan is adopted, the person must not exercise any influence over the amount of securities to be traded, the price at which they are to be traded or the date of the trade. The plan must specify the amount, pricing and timing of transactions in advance. Any Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be submitted for approval at least five (5) business days prior to the entry into the Rule 10b5-1 Plan. No further pre-approval of transactions conducted pursuant to the Rule 10b5-1 Plan will be required. 14. Post-Termination Transactions This Policy continues to apply to transactions in Company Securities even after termination of service to the Company. If an individual is in possession of MNPI when his or her service terminates, that individual may not trade in Company Securities until that information has become public or is no longer material. The pre-clearance procedures specified under the heading “Additional Procedures” above and applicable to Board Members and certain executives will continue to apply for a period of six (6) months after a termination of service, in order to facilitate compliance with Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act. 15. Consequences of Violations The purchase or sale of securities while aware of MNPI, or the disclosure of MNPI to others who then trade in the Company’s Securities, is prohibited by federal and state laws. Insider trading violations are prosecuted vigorously by the SEC, the U.S. Department of Justice and state enforcement authorities. Punishment for insider trading violations is severe, and could include significant fines and imprisonment. While the regulatory authorities concentrate their efforts on the individuals who trade, or who tip inside information to others who trade, the federal securities laws also impose potential liability on companies and other “controlling persons” if they fail to take reasonable steps to prevent insider trading by company personnel. In addition, an individual’s failure to comply with this Policy may subject the individual to Company-imposed sanctions, including dismissal for cause, whether or not the employee’s failure to comply results in a violation of law. Needless to say, a violation of law, or even an SEC investigation that does not result in prosecution, can tarnish a person’s reputation and irreparably damage a career. 16. Reporting of Violations Any person who violates this Policy or any federal or state law governing insider trading or tipping, or who knows of or reasonably suspects any such violation by another person, should report the matter immediately to the General Counsel or Lead Securities Attorney. Employees are obligated to report suspected and actual violations of Company policy or the law. Doing so brings the concern into the open so that it can be resolved quickly and more serious harm can be prevented. Failure to do so could result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment. 17. Company Assistance 8 Any person who has a question about this Policy or its application to any proposed transaction may obtain additional guidance from the General Counsel or Lead Securities Attorney. 18. Certification All persons subject to this Policy must certify, and from time to time may be required to re- certify, their understanding of, and intent to comply with, this Policy. 9 Appendix 12(b) General Description of the Trading Window Group Board Members * Executive Officers* All other Officers Members of the Disclosure Committee Any other person designated by the General Counsel from time to time Administrative Assistants to: o Officers o Any other person designated by the General Counsel from time to time Members of the Trading Window Group will be notified of their inclusion and will be notified via e- mail of the opening and closing of the trading window. * Also subject to pre-clearance procedures. 10 Appendix 13 Guidelines for Rule 10b5-1 Plans Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) provides a defense from insider trading liability under Rule 10b-5. In order to be eligible to rely on this defense, a person subject to our Insider Trading Policy must enter into a Rule 10b5-1 plan for transactions in Company Securities (as defined in the Insider Trading Policy) that meets certain conditions specified in the Rule (a "Rule 10b5-1 Plan"). If the plan meets the requirements of Rule 10b5-1, Company Securities may be purchased or sold without regard to certain insider trading restrictions. In general, a Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be entered into at a time when the person entering into the plan is not aware of MNPI. Once the plan is adopted, the person must not exercise any influence over the amount of securities to be traded, the price at which they are to be traded or the date of the trade. The plan must specify the amount, pricing and timing of transactions in advance. If Board Members and Executive Officers of the Company enter into a Rule 10b5-1 Plan, certain details of such plan must be disclosed in the Company’s quarterly filings in accordance with SEC rules. As specified in the Company's Insider Trading Policy, a Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be approved by the Lead Securities Attorney and meet the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 and these guidelines. Any Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be submitted for approval at least five (5) business days prior to the entry into the Rule 10b5-1 Plan. Once a 10b-5-1 Plan is approved, no further pre-approval of transactions conducted pursuant to the plan will be required. The following guidelines apply to all Rule 10b5-1 Plans: • • • • • • • • • You may not enter into or modify a trading program outside of an Open Trading Window (as defined in the Insider Trading Policy) or while in possession of MNPI. All Rule 10b5-1 Plans must have duration of at least six (6) months and no more than two (2) years. If a Rule 10b5-1 Plan is terminated, you must wait at least thirty (30) days before trading outside of the Rule 10b5-1 Plan. If a Rule 10b5-1 Plan is terminated, you must wait at least six (6) months before a new Rule 10b5-1 Plan may be adopted. If you are a Board Member or Executive Officer, you may not commence sales under a Rule 10b5-1 Plan until the later of (1) 90 days after the adoption of the Rule 10b5-1 Plan or (2) two business days following the disclosure of the Company’s financial results on a Form 10-Q or Form 10-K relating to the fiscal quarter in which the plan was adopted, subject to a maximum cooling-off period of 120 days after adoption of the Rule 10b5-1 Plan. For employees other than Executive Officers, you may not commence sales under a Rule 10b5-1 Plan for at least thirty (30) days following the adoption of the plan. Any modification to the amount, price or timing of the purchase or sale of securities (including modifications to written formulas or algorithms, or computer programs affecting the same) underlying a Rule 10b5-1 Plan will trigger a new cooling-off period as stated above. If you are a Board Member or Executive Officer, your Rule 10b5-1 Plan must include a certification by you that at the time of the adoption (or modification) of the plan (1) you are not aware of any MNPI about the Company or its securities and (2) you are adopting the plan in good faith and not as part of a plan or scheme to evade the prohibitions of Exchange Act Section 10(b) and Exchange Act Rule 10b-5. You may not enter into any transaction in Company Securities while the Rule 10b5-1 Plan is in effect. You may not enter into multiple overlapping Rule 10b5-1 Plans at the same time. You may only rely on Rule 10b5-1’s affirmative defense against insider trading for a “single-trade plan” once during any 12-month period. A “single- trade plan” is a Rule 10b5-1 Plan designed to effect the open-market purchase or sale of the total amount of securities in a single transaction. 11 • You must use Corning Incorporated’s equity administrator as the administrator of your Rule 10b5-1 Plan. The approval or adoption of a Rule 10b5-1 Plan in no way reduces or eliminates a person’s obligations under Section 16 of the Exchange Act, including disclosure obligations and liability for short-swing profits. Persons subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act should consult with their own counsel in implementing a Rule 10b5-1. Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies Subsidiaries of the Registrant as of December 31, 2023 are listed below: Exhibit 21 Alliance Fiber Optic Products, Inc. Axygen Bioscience, Inc. Axygen Holdings Corporation Axygen, Inc. Cable Services, LLC Capricorn Insurance Company Corning (Hainan) Optical Communications Co., Ltd. Corning (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Corning Automotive Glass Solutions (Hefei) Co., Ltd. Corning B.V. Corning China (Shanghai) Regional Headquarter Corning Display Technologies (China) Co., Ltd. Corning Display Technologies (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. Corning Display Technologies (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. Corning Display Technologies (Hefei) Co., Ltd. Corning Display Technologies (Wuhan) Co., Ltd. Corning Display Technologies Materials (Chongqing) Co., Ltd Corning Display Technologies Taiwan Co., Ltd. Corning Environmental Technologies (Hefei) Co., Ltd. Corning Finance B.V. Corning Finance Luxembourg S.à.r.l. Corning GmbH Corning Holding GmbH Corning Hungary Data Services Limited Liability Company Corning International Corporation Corning Japan K.K. Corning Life Sciences (Wujiang) Co., Ltd. Corning Luxembourg S.à.r.l. Corning Netoptix, Inc. Corning Oak Holding LLC Corning Optical Communications GmbH & Co. KG Corning Optical Communications LLC Corning Optical Communications Polska sp. z o.o. Corning Optical Communications RF LLC Corning Optical Communications S. de R.L. de C.V. Corning Optical Communications Vermoegensverwaltungs GmbH Corning Optical Fiber Polska sp. z o.o. Corning Pharmaceutical Glass S.p.A. Corning Pharmaceutical Glass, LLC Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd. Corning Property Management Corporation Corning Research & Development Corporation Corning SAS Corning Singapore Holdings Private Limited Corning SK Luxembourg S.à.r.l. Corning Specialty Materials, Inc. Corning Technologies (H.K.) Limited Corning Technologies India Private Limited Corning Technologies SARL - 1 - Delaware Delaware Delaware California Delaware Vermont China China China Netherlands China China China China China China China Taiwan China Netherlands Luxembourg Germany Germany Hungary Delaware Japan China Luxembourg Delaware Delaware Germany North Carolina Poland Delaware Mexico Germany Poland Italy Delaware Korea Delaware Delaware France Singapore Luxembourg Delaware Hong Kong India Luxembourg Corning Tropel Corporation Corning Ventures France SAS DC HSC Holdings LLC Discovery Labware, Inc. Hemlock Holdings LLC Hemlock Semiconductor Operations LLC Hemlock Semiconductor, L.L.C. HSC Holdings LLC Mediatech, Inc. Optical Filter Corporation TR Manufacturing, LLC US Conec Ltd. Companies accounted for under the equity method as of December 31, 2023 are listed below: Chengdu Honing Display Glass Co., Ltd. China Renewable Energy Fund, LP Eurokera (Thailand) Limited Eurokera Guangzhou Co., Ltd. Eurokera North America, Inc. Eurokera S.N.C. Keraglass S.N.C. Phoenix Venture Partners II LP Samsung Corning Advanced Glass LLC Xianyang Honing Display Glass Co., Ltd. - 2 - Delaware France Delaware Delaware Delaware Michigan Delaware Delaware Virginia Delaware Delaware Delaware China Singapore Thailand China Delaware France France Delaware Korea China CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Exhibit 23 We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-275848) and Form S-8 (Nos. 333-255652, 333-231238, 333- 181075, 333-26049, 333-91879, 333-82926, 333-106265, and 333-166642) of Corning Incorporated of our report dated February 12, 2024 relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10-K. /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP New York, New York February 12, 2024 CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302(a) OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 31.1 I, Wendell P. Weeks, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Corning Incorporated; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 12, 2024 /s/ Wendell P. Weeks Wendell P. Weeks Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302(a) OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 31.2 I, Edward A. Schlesinger, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Corning Incorporated; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 12, 2024 /s/ Edward A. Schlesinger Edward A. Schlesinger Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 32 The undersigned, Wendell P. Weeks, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Corning Incorporated (the “Company”) and Edward A. Schlesinger, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: (1) the Annual Report of the Company on Form 10-K for the annual period ended December 31, 2023 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) that information contained in such Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: February 12, 2024 /s/ Wendell P. Weeks Wendell P. Weeks Chairman and Chief Executive Officer /s/ Edward A. Schlesinger Edward A. Schlesinger Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 1 CORNING INCORPORATED CLAWBACK POLICY Exhibit 97 The Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Corning Incorporated (the “Company”) has determined that it is appropriate for the Company to adopt this Clawback Policy (the “Policy”) to be applied to the Executive Officers of the Company effective as of the Effective Date. 1. Definitions For purposes of this Policy, the following definitions shall apply: a) “Committee” means the Compensation and Talent Management Committee of the Board. b) “Company Group” means the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, as applicable. c) “Covered Compensation” means any Incentive-Based Compensation a person who served as an Executive Officer at any time during the performance period for the Incentive-Based Compensation and that was received (i) on or after the effective date of NYSE listing standard Section 303A.14, (ii) after the person became an Executive Officer and (iii) at a time that the Company had a class of securities listed on a national securities exchange or a national securities association. d) “Effective Date” means December 31, 2023. e) “Erroneously Awarded Compensation” means the amount of Covered Compensation received by a person during the fiscal period when the applicable Financial Reporting Measure relating to such Covered Compensation was attained that exceeds the amount of Covered Compensation that otherwise would have been received by the person had such amount been determined based on the applicable Restatement, computed without regard to any taxes paid (i.e., on a pre-tax basis). For Covered Compensation based on stock price or total shareholder return, where the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in a Restatement, the Committee will determine the amount of such Covered Compensation that constitutes Erroneously Awarded Compensation, if any, based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Restatement on the stock price or total shareholder return upon which the Covered Compensation was received and the Committee shall maintain documentation of such determination and provide such documentation to the NYSE. f) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. g) h) i) j) “Executive Officer” means each “officer” of the Company as defined under Rule 16a-1(f) under Section 16 of the Exchange Act, which shall be deemed to include any individuals identified by the Company as executive officers pursuant to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. Both current and former Executive Officers are subject to the Policy in accordance with its terms. “Financial Reporting Measure” means (i) any measure that is determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and any measures derived wholly or in part from such measures and may consist of GAAP or non-GAAP financial measures (as defined under Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act), (ii) stock price or (iii) total shareholder return. Financial Reporting Measures may or may not be filed with the SEC and may be presented outside the Company’s financial statements, such as in Managements’ Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Result of Operations or in the performance graph required under Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. “Home Country” means the Company’s jurisdiction of incorporation. “Incentive-Based Compensation” means any compensation that is granted, earned or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure. 2 k) “Lookback Period” means the three completed fiscal years (plus any transition period of less than nine months that is within or immediately following the three completed fiscal years and that results from a change in the Company’s fiscal year) immediately preceding the date on which the Company is required to prepare a Restatement for a given reporting period, with such date being the earlier of: (i) the date the Board, a committee of the Board, or the officer or officers of the Company authorized to take such action if Board action is not required, concludes, or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement, or (ii) the date a court, regulator or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare a Restatement. Recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation under the Policy is not dependent on if or when the Restatement is actually filed. l) “NYSE” means the New York Stock Exchange. m) “Received.” Incentive-Based Compensation is deemed “received” in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in or otherwise relating to the Incentive-Based Compensation award is attained, even if the grant, vesting or payment of the Incentive-Based Compensation occurs after the end of that period. n) “Restatement” means a required accounting restatement of any Company financial statement due to the material noncompliance of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including (i) to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements (commonly referred to as a “Big R” restatement) or (ii) to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is not material to the previously issued financial statements but that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period (commonly referred to as a “little r” restatement), within the meaning of Exchange Act Rule 10D-1 and NYSE listing standard Section 303A.14. Changes to the Company’s financial statements that do not represent error corrections under the then-current relevant accounting standards will not constitute Restatements. Recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation under the Policy is not dependent on fraud or misconduct by any person in connection with the Restatement. o) “SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. p) “Subsidiary” means any domestic or foreign corporation, partnership, association, joint stock company, joint venture, trust or unincorporated organization “affiliated” with the Company, that is, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, “controlling,” “controlled by” or “under common control with,” the Company. “Control” for this purpose means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, contract or otherwise. 2. Recoupment of Erroneously Awarded Compensation In the event of a Restatement, any Erroneously Awarded Compensation received during the Lookback Period (a) that is then-outstanding but has not yet been paid shall be automatically and immediately forfeited and (b) that has been paid to any person shall be subject to reasonably prompt repayment to the Company Group in accordance with Section 3 of this Policy. The Committee must pursue (and shall not have the discretion to waive) the forfeiture and/or repayment of such Erroneously Awarded Compensation in accordance with Section 3 of this Policy, except as provided below. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee (or, if the Committee is not composed entirely of independent directors, a majority of the independent directors serving on the Board) may determine not to pursue the forfeiture and/or recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation from any person if the Committee determines that such forfeiture and/or recovery would be impracticable due to any of the following circumstances: (i) the direct expense paid to a third party (for example, reasonable legal expenses and consulting fees) to assist in enforcing the Policy would exceed the amount to be recovered (following reasonable attempts by the Company Group to recover such Erroneously Awarded Compensation, the documentation of such attempts, and the provision of such documentation to the NYSE), (ii) pursuing such recovery would violate the Company’s Home Country laws adopted prior to November 28, 2022 (provided that the Company obtains an opinion of Home Country counsel acceptable to the NYSE that recovery would result in such a violation and provides such opinion to the NYSE), or (iii) recovery would likely cause any otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of Company Group, to fail to meet the requirements of 26 U.S.C. 401(a)(13) or 26 U.S.C. 411(a) and regulations thereunder. 3. Means of Repayment 3 In the event that the Committee determines that any person shall repay any Erroneously Awarded Compensation, the Committee shall provide written notice to such person by email or certified mail to the physical address on file with the Company Group for such person, and the person shall satisfy such repayment in a manner and on such terms as required by the Committee, and the Company Group shall be entitled to set off the repayment amount against any amount owed to the person by the Company Group, to require the forfeiture of any award granted by the Company Group to the person, or to take any and all necessary actions to reasonably promptly recoup the repayment amount from the person, in each case, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, including without limitation, Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations and guidance thereunder. If the Committee does not specify a repayment timing in the written notice described above, the applicable person shall be required to repay the Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the Company Group by wire, cash or cashier’s check no later than thirty (30) days after receipt of such notice. 4. No Indemnification No person shall be indemnified, insured or reimbursed by the Company Group in respect of any loss of compensation by such person in accordance with this Policy, nor shall any person receive any advancement of expenses for disputes related to any loss of compensation by such person in accordance with this Policy, and no person shall be paid or reimbursed by the Company Group for any premiums paid by such person for any third-party insurance policy covering potential recovery obligations under this Policy. For this purpose, “indemnification” includes any modification to current compensation arrangements or other means that would amount to de facto indemnification (for example, providing the person a new cash award which would be cancelled to effect the recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation). In no event shall the Company Group be required to award any person an additional payment if any Restatement would result in a higher incentive compensation payment. 5. Miscellaneous This Policy generally will be administered and interpreted by the Committee. Any determination by the Committee with respect to this Policy shall be final, conclusive and binding on all interested parties. Any discretionary determinations of the Committee under this Policy, if any, need not be uniform with respect to all persons, and may be made selectively amongst persons, whether or not such persons are similarly situated. This Policy is intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 954 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as it may be amended from time to time, and any related rules or regulations promulgated by the SEC or the NYSE, including any additional or new requirements that become effective after the Effective Date which upon effectiveness shall be deemed to automatically amend this Policy to the extent necessary to comply with such additional or new requirements. The provisions in this Policy are intended to be applied to the fullest extent of the law. To the extent that any provision of this Policy is found to be unenforceable or invalid under any applicable law, such provision will be applied to the maximum extent permitted and shall automatically be deemed amended in a manner consistent with its objectives to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Policy shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Policy. Recoupment of Erroneously Awarded Compensation under this Policy is not dependent upon the Company Group satisfying any conditions in this Policy, including any requirement to provide applicable documentation to the NYSE. The rights of the Company Group under this Policy to seek forfeiture or reimbursement are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any rights of recoupment, or remedies or rights other than recoupment, that may be available to the Company Group pursuant to the terms of any law, government regulation or stock exchange listing requirement or any other policy, code of conduct, employee handbook, employment agreement, equity award agreement, or other plan or agreement of the Company Group. 6. Amendment and Termination To the extent permitted by, and in a manner consistent with applicable law, including SEC and NYSE rules, the Committee may terminate, suspend or amend this Policy at any time in its discretion. 7. Successors 4 This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all persons and their respective beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives with respect to any Covered Compensation granted, vested or paid to or administered by such persons or entities. 5 CORNING INCORPORATED CLAWBACK POLICY ACKNOWLEDGMENT, CONSENT AND AGREEMENT I acknowledge that I have received and reviewed a copy of the Corning Incorporated Clawback Policy (as may be amended from time to time, the “Policy”) and I have been given an opportunity to ask questions about the Policy and review it with my counsel. I knowingly, voluntarily and irrevocably consent to and agree to be bound by and subject to the Policy’s terms and conditions, including that I will return any Erroneously Awarded Compensation that is required to be repaid in accordance with the Policy. I further acknowledge, understand and agree that (i) the compensation that I receive, have received or may become entitled to receive from the Company Group is subject to the Policy, and the Policy may affect such compensation and (ii) I have no right to indemnification, insurance payments or other reimbursement by or from the Company Group for any compensation that is subject to recoupment and/or forfeiture under the Policy. Capitalized terms not defined herein have the meanings set forth in the Policy. Signed: Print Name: Date: 

Continue reading text version or see original annual report in PDF format above