Quarterlytics / Real Estate / Real Estate - Services / CoStar Group

CoStar Group

csgp · NASDAQ Real Estate
Claim this profile
Ticker csgp
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Real Estate
Industry Real Estate - Services
Employees 1001-5000
← All annual reports
FY2013 Annual Report · CoStar Group
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
2013 Annual Report 1331 L Street, NWWashington, DC 20005202-346-6500 costar.com© 2014 CoStar Group, Inc.About CoStar Group, Inc.CoStar Group (NASDAQ: CSGP) is the leading provider of commercial real estate information, analytics and online marketplaces. Founded in 1987, CoStar conducts expansive, ongoing research to produce and maintain the largest and most comprehensive database of commercial real estate information. Our suite of online services enables clients to analyze, interpret and gain unmatched insight on commercial property values, market conditions and current availabilities. Through LoopNet, the Company operates the most heavily trafficked commercial real estate marketplace online with more than 8 million registered members. Including Apartments.com, CoStar operates websites that have approximately 16 million unique monthly visitors in aggregate. Headquartered in Washington, DC, CoStar maintains offices throughout the U.S. and in Europe with a staff of over 2,300 worldwide, including the industry’s largest professional research organization. For more information, visit www.costar.com.Building the Community  and the  Knowledge  that Moves  Your World Investor Relations Richard Simonelli Senior Director,  Investor Relations 202-346-6394  rsimonelli@costar.comShareholder Information Stock Listing Symbol: CSGP NASDAQ Listed Independent Auditors Ernst & Young LLP  8484 Westpark Drive McLean,  VA 22102 Transfer Agent and RegistrarAmerican Stock Transfer &  Trust Company, LLC  6201 15th Avenue Brooklyn,  NY 11219 2013 CoStar Group Annual ReportCOS35001_AR_Cover_v01_08Apr14.indd   14/9/14   2:20 PMWe are the number one 
provider of mission-critical 
information, analytics and 
online marketplaces for 
the commercial real estate 
industry.

Our information and analytics 
is unparalleled. Our success is 
built upon the foundation of 
our professionally researched 
and verified database by 
our team of nearly 1,200 
researchers.

We service a community 
which includes hundreds of 
thousands of commercial  
real estate professionals and  
16 million monthly unique 
visitors in the aggregate. 

$441M

2013 Annual Revenue

93%

12-Month Trailing Renewal Rate

$31.5M

Record Fourth Quarter EBITDA

$94.2M

Record Annual EBITDA in 2013

COS35001_AR_Cover_v01_08Apr14.indd   2

4/9/14   2:20 PM

We strive to help our customers achieve their goals by placing them at the center of the commercial real estate industry. We connect them to the world’s largest CRE database of unparalleled information and analytics, a powerful suite of online services and vibrant online marketplaces. Our 2013 results demonstrate that we are exceeding our objectives.I am proud to inform you that 2013 was the best year in the history of CoStar. We had an exceptionally strong year in all aspects of the business. We continue to grow revenue at high margin with a strong commitment to innovation and investment. We expect this for many years to come as we build the best platform for information, analytics and marketing services for the commercial real estate industry. Our core information and analytics offering is leading the way as we added thousands of customers and tens of millions of dollars of revenue in 2013. The clients and active users of LoopNet are proving to be a very fertile ground for sales of our CoStar Suite™ of services which includes CoStar Property®, CoStar Comps® and CoStar Tenant®. In the United Kingdom, the launch of CoStar Suite in January of 2013 propelled the United Kingdom into profitability in the fourth quarter of 2013. Dear Shareholders,COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   14/10/14   3:47 PM02       CoStarGroup  
2013AR

Financial 
I am very pleased with our outstanding 
financial results. This is the direct 
result of the hard work, expertise and 
commitment to excellence of everyone 
in our organization.

We achieved many financial highlights 
in 2013:
•  We increased revenue by $91 million 
in 2013 growing it to $441 million 
for the year which is an increase of 
approximately 26%.

•  EBITDA in 2013 was $94 million.  
This is a 56% increase over 2012  
and by far the most EBITDA we 
have generated in our history. 

•  We grew the top-line in the  
mid-teens as fourth quarter 
revenue was nearly $116 million, 
which is approximately 16%  
year-over-year growth.

•  Our 12-month trailing renewal rate 
was 93%, and 98% for customers 
who have been with us for over 5 
years. 

•  We added nearly 4,800 new CoStar 
information subscription customers, 
which is the most we have ever 
added in one  calendar year. 
•  Our annualized net new sales 
of subscription services in the 
fourth quarter was $15.8 million, 
an increase of 15% over the third 
quarter of 2013 and a 46% increase 
year-over-year. 

•  Our fourth quarter 2013 

subscription based revenue reached 
$87.1 million for a nearly 21% year-
over-year revenue growth rate. 

We increased the size of our field sales force 71% to capture the 
tremendous opportunity that lies ahead of us in all customer verticals, 
including brokers, institutional investors, owners, lenders, appraisers, 
retailers, and government organizations.

LoopNet
The LoopNet acquisition and integration has been extremely successful 
and beneficial for customers and shareholders alike. Since the close of the 
acquisition at the end of April 2012, the combination has resulted in over 
$20 million in cost synergies and approximately $50 million in cross-selling 
revenue. A clear home run.

Furthermore, we are growing the traffic, registered users and most 
importantly, revenue for LoopNet. In 2013, LoopNet premium membership 
was the fastest growing part of our business as we increased revenue 
nearly 22% from 2012. With LoopNet.com we operate the number one 
commercial real estate marketplace in the United States with an average 
of nearly 5 million monthly unique visitors. This is up 37% from 3.5 million 
monthly uniques back just before the acquisition closed. In that time,  
we grew the number of registered LoopNet users almost 40% from 5.8 
million to 8.1 million.

We operate the top three commercial real estate marketplaces for 
office, industrial and retail with LoopNet.com®, Cityfeet.com® and 
CoStar Showcase®.

Marketplaces
We also operate industry-leading marketplaces for businesses, land and 
farms. LandsofAmerica® & LandAndFarm® are the #1 and #3 industry sites 
for rural land based on revenue and clients. Our industry leading business 
marketplace verticals are BizBuySell® and BizQuest®. They facilitate the sale 
of small businesses and are the #1 and #2 websites in the space. 

Our marketplaces add to the depth and breadth of our offering and add 
large communities of users. This increases the network effect and allows 
for enormous cross-selling opportunities which we believe contribute to 
high sustainable growth. 

2013 New Services and Enhancements
We launched five CoStar service enhancements in the fall of 2013. These 
enhancements included new lease analysis tools, mobile analytics, 
enhanced web analytics, a new map -based search, and comprehensive 
multifamily information and analytics. 

COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   2

4/10/14   6:34 PM

 
 
03CoStar has built the largest database of multifamily properties in the United States including detailed information on over 325,000 properties. In the United States, multifamily properties have an aggregate value of approximately $2 trillion. This is a very important component of commercial real estate and is larger than the office vertical. We believe there are significant revenue opportunities that could be achieved by meeting both the information and marketing needs of the multi-family commercial real estate vertical. United Kingdom and  Toronto, CanadaI am also very pleased that we achieved profitability in the United Kingdom for the fourth quarter of 2013. We invested in the U.K. several years ago by acquiring a number of companies and consolidating them. We then exported our research methodology from the U.S., developed an excellent team of researchers in Glasgow and built an unprecedented database of commercial real estate information in the U.K. The rollout of CoStar Suite and CoStarGo® in the United Kingdom resulted in strong financial performance in 2013 and has solidified CoStar as the top information and analytics provider in the U.K. I expect that we will continue to expand margins and grow the top-line in the U.K. Our achievements in the United Kingdom clearly demonstrate and confirm that the CoStar business model can be successfully implemented internationally.Our success in the U.K. has also freed up bandwidth to allow us to focus on our expansion efforts in Toronto and to drive revenue growth in our Canadian operations. After two years of researching the Toronto market and building a database of 60,000 properties, I am pleased to announce that we are beginning to sell CoStar services covering Toronto. While it is still very early on, we have had a number of significant prospects indicate buying interest and we have signed contracts with multiple brokerage firms. I believe that there is great potential for decades of growth in Toronto and Canada overall.2014 and BeyondIn March 2014, we announced the acquisition of Apartments.com, a leading advertising destination for professional management companies and building owners. It is one of the most widely recognized online apartment rental brands in the United States. 95% of U.S. apartment owners are familiar with the Apartments.com brand. We believe this acquisition creates the online leader in the multifamily asset class by combining CoStar’s leading information solutions with the leading marketplace of Apartments.com.We have demonstrated the power of adding a premier marketplace to our information and analytics platform with our acquisition of LoopNet. We see a similar opportunity with Apartments.I am pleased to report that in February 2014, we began selling an exciting new product on LoopNet.com. Now brokers will have the ability to advertize their services on the most visited site in commercial real estate. We believe this service has exceptional potential to generate high margin revenue for many years.Overall, I have never been more enthusiastic about the future than I am today. The opportunities have never been larger and we are extremely well positioned to take advantage of them. 2013 was our most successful year yet. We believe we are in excellent position to drive revenue growth while expanding margins for the foreseeable future. We expect that the continued growth and development of our sales force, the integration of LoopNet and Apartments.com with CoStar, and realizing the cross-selling opportunities from these important acquisitions will positively impact and contribute to a successful 2014 and beyond.Andrew C. FloranceFounder & Chief Executive OfficerCOS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   34/9/14   12:22 PM04      CoStarGroup    2013ARBuilding the Community and the Knowledge that Moves your WorldWith over 16 million visitors coming to our websites and hundreds of thousands of CRE professionals, CoStar understands the value of community and the power it can bring to our customers.We are dedicated to providing each of our customers with the best tools to help them become even more successful. CoStar has nearly three decades of experience in the industry so our customers’ needs are instinctive to us. With access to our unbiased data and reliable, intuitive tools, our customers always have the best deepest resources in commercial real estate, right when they need them.CoStarGo enables our clients to bring the full power of CoStar into the field using our robust iPad application. Our mobile apps for iOS and Android provide our community with access to the number one commercial real estate marketplace in the United States, LoopNet.com anytime, anywhere. They can also use tools like CoStar LeaseAnalysis® to help them assess and negotiate leases more effectively.At the heart of this robust system is our unparalleled database supported by 1,200 researchers and strengthened with input from hundreds of thousands commercial real estate participants. We collect, refine, and verify information and combine it with deep industry understanding that results in extremely powerful analytics and advisory services. Our passionate and knowledgeable professionals dedicate themselves to designing and delivering powerful, unmatched solutions that drive confident decision making. Investors and lenders are always looking for ways to minimize risk and find opportunities in today’s commercial real estate marketplace. With CoStar, they have access to the most accurate and complete data, quickly and efficiently. This allows them to see the bigger picture and make informed decisions regarding real estate investments and loans. Owners are able to identify and analyze trends, uncover opportunities, and find the right tenants quickly and easily.Using CoStar’s unmatched information, analytics and online marketplaces, our customers have access to the most comprehensive network of brokers, owners, lenders, investors, and tenants. As the industry’s central information hub, we connect them to the right people and the right information. Our network gives them what they need to make the right connections and keep them moving forward towards their goals. COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   44/9/14   12:22 PM05As the industry’s central information hub, we connect members of our community with the right people and the right informationCOS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   54/9/14   12:22 PM06       CoStarGroup  
2013AR

CoStar Suite

CoStar Suite is the ultimate 
information and analytics 
solution for commercial real 
estate professionals. 

CoStar Suite delivers unmatched 
and detailed expert market 
knowledge provided by CoStar’s 
extensive property and market 
data, sale comparables and tenant 
information. This information is 
researched and verified by CoStar’s 
professional research team of 
approximately 1,200 researchers –  
by far the largest in the industry. 
CoStar Suite is our flagship service 
and generates the majority of 
CoStar’s revenue. 

2013 New Services and Enhancements

CoStar Multifamily™ provides the largest and most comprehensive 
multifamily property database coupled with cutting-edge analytic  
and forecasting tools needed to make confident multifamily  
investment decisions.

CoStarGo 2.0® is an enhanced version of our highly successful mobile 
application that makes our information and upgraded analytics available 
precisely when and where it is needed. It combines mobile access to 
CoStar Suite with a powerful, fully integrated set of property and market 
analysis tools.

CoStar LeaseAnalysis® combines cutting-edge financial modeling with 
CoStar’s comprehensive property information, enabling users to compare 
lease alternatives, fast and easy. It gives tenants the ability to understand 
the true cost of the leases they are evaluating in a powerful yet easy-to-
use model that minimizes data entry time. Lease Analysis also provides 
a common platform for representatives of tenants and owners to 
negotiate the terms of a lease. 

Enhanced Analytics provide commercial real estate professionals the 
power to analyze key market indicators, including vacancy rates, rental 
rates, absorption, leasing activity, sales prices, cap rates, probability of 
leasing and more.

Map-Based Search is our enhanced user interface on the web-based 
version of CoStar Suite. It provides an easy to use search capability 
which brings key search criteria to the front page of the search page 
and a user-friendly map-based presentation of the search results.

COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   6

4/10/14   3:47 PM

 
 
07CoStar Suite is our flagship service and generates the majority of CoStar’s revenue. It delivers unmatched and detailed expert market knowledge provided by CoStar’s extensive property and market data, sale comparables and tenant information.COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   74/9/14   12:22 PM08      CoStarGroup    2013ARThe LoopNet acquisition and integration has been very successful. We have now achieved approximately $50 million of cross-selling revenue since the merger, and LoopNet Premium Membership was one of the fastest growing areas of our business in 2013.With LoopNet.com we operate the number one commercial real estate marketplace in the United States. LoopNet.com draws by far the most traffic in commercial real estate with nearly 5 million monthly unique visitors. This is up 37% from 3.5 million monthly uniques back just before the acquisition closed. In that time, we grew the number of registered LoopNet users almost 40% from 5.8 million to 8.1 million. In the 20 months after the close of the LoopNet transaction, we increased revenue for Premium Lister 38% compared to 8% growth for the 20 months prior to the acquisition. In addition to LoopNet.com, we operate the second and third most trafficked CRE marketplaces: Cityfeet.com® and CoStar’s original marketplace Showcase®. In 2014, LoopNet will offer video tours. Our team of over 125 field researchers located around the country are fully trained to shoot the space videos. We also recently released our broker ads capability. This new advertising opportunity will enable brokers to connect with prospective clients that are searching for properties on LoopNet. The vast majority of the people searching LoopNet are prime candidates in need of finding a broker. We have just begun to offer broker ads and expect the response to be very positive. Eventually, property managers and owners will be able to advertise specific properties. Also, brokerage firms, property management companies and more will be able to advertise at the firm level too. We believe that LoopNet will be a solid contributor to the financial success of CoStar for many years to come providing high margin revenue, solid cross-selling opportunities and positive free cash flow that will fuel the overall growth of the Company.LoopNetCOS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   84/10/14   3:47 PM09CoStar owns and operates: The #1, 2 and 3  commercial real estate marketplacesThe #1 and 2  small business for sale marketplacesThe #1 and 3 rural land marketplacesCOS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   94/10/14   3:48 PM010      CoStarGroup  
2013AR

United Kingdom

2013 was an outstanding and 
transformative year for CoStar  
in the United Kingdom. 

2013 marked a return to profitability 
in the United Kingdom as we began 
offering our full suite of industry-
leading information and analytics 
services based upon CoStar’s deep 
information gathered by our team of 
150 professional researchers mostly 
based in Glasgow.

We offer United Kingdom subscribers access to a comprehensive inventory of 
office, industrial and retail properties, the United Kingdom’s largest commercial 
property image library, and sophisticated software to research lease and sales 
availability, analyze trends and transactions, track market conditions and 
position properties in the marketplace.

In the fall of 2013, CBRE Group, the world’s largest commercial real estate 
services firm and CoStar’s largest customer in the United States, signed a new 
subscription agreement to use CoStar Suite which includes CoStar Property, 
CoStar Comps and CoStar Tenant in the United Kingdom. In the field, they can 
access CoStar’s innovative mobile app for the iPad, CoStarGo. 

We will continue to upsell existing subscribers to the new, enhanced platform 
and to continue to expand these sales to other customer verticals such as 
owners, banks and institutional investors. We have thousands of client firms to 
potentially upsell in addition to many new prospects. 

We anticipate significant revenue growth in the U.K. for some time to come. 
Our results in the U.K. clearly demonstrate that the CoStar business model can 
be successfully implemented internationally.

COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   10

4/10/14   3:48 PM

 
 
011

Multifamily

The multifamily asset class is $2 trillion 
and over $95 billion of transactions 
were completed in 2013.

The multifamily vertical is bigger 
than the office vertical, which 
is where we started many years 
ago. CoStar has been providing 
information services to apartment 
owners for close to three decades 
and we believe the apartment 
sector is a highly attractive growth 
opportunity for our company.  
We have taken action to realize  
this opportunity. 

CoStar Multifamily™
In the fall of 2013, we launched CoStar Multifamily™, an enhanced 
capability within the CoStar product suite that harnesses the power of 
CoStar’s comprehensive research for the multifamily sector. With CoStar 
Multifamily, the same powerful information and analytic tools used by 
office, retail and industrial professionals are now available for multifamily 
professionals. 

CoStar offers the largest and most comprehensive multifamily database 
in the U.S with coverage on over 325,000 apartment communities with 
five or more units for a total of over 17 million apartments. The data is 
proactively verified and continually updated on a regular basis by CoStar’s 
dedicated multifamily research team. We believe that we have collected 
information on five times as many multifamily properties as any other 
commercial real estate information provider.

CoStar Multifamily offers features for a broad range of multifamily real 
estate professionals. Investors and developers can analyze key factors 
that drive supply and demand to make informed decisions on potential 
new projects and investments. Lenders can leverage CoStar’s inventory 
of sales comps and for-sale inventory with powerful analytics and 
forecasting tools to make more accurate and informed lending decisions. 
Portfolio managers can leverage CoStar’s sales comps, market analytics 
and forecasting tools to more accurately measure portfolio performance 
and potential.

Together with CoStar’s Property & Portfolio Research (PPR) division, 
which provides forecasts and advisory services to owners and institutional 
investors, clients can analyze multifamily markets at the macro level, and 
zoom in to view the most granular details using the same researched and 
verified data.

COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   11

4/9/14   12:22 PM

012      CoStarGroup  
2013AR

Apartments 

Apartments.com is one of the most 
widely recognized online apartment 
rental brands in the US.

Apartments.com 
Apartments.com provides a 
national, online resource that 
matches apartment seekers with 
great apartments. Customers 
receive cost effective, targeted 
marketing solutions that effectively 
drive measurable exposure, high 
quality traffic and leads to their 
businesses. Apartments.com is used 
by thousands of commercial real 
estate industry professionals and 
millions of apartment shoppers 
across the country. In total there 
are an estimated 39 million renter 
households in the U.S. and the typical 
renter moves every 18 months.

In 2013, the Apartments.com websites generated 114 million visits and an 
average of 7 million unique monthly visitors. Apartments.com maintains an 
online database of 4.6 million apartment units. 

Apartments.com is one of the most widely recognized online apartment 
rental brands in the United States and is a leading advertising destination 
for professional management companies and building owners. 95% of 
U.S. apartment owners are familiar with the Apartments.com brand and 
Apartments.com is the most intuitive URL for this sector. 

Combining Apartments & CoStar
We believe that by combining CoStar’s rich apartment information and 
analytics with Apartments.com leading online marketplace we can create 
significant additional value for our clients, consumers and shareholders. In our 
recent successful acquisition and integration of LoopNet, we demonstrated 
amazing results by combining a leading information provider with a leading 
marketplace.

We believe that CoStar’s comprehensive database will add richer content to 
Apartments.com, thereby building a better consumer experience and driving 
more consumer traffic and ultimately more leads for customers. Owners 
and property managers using Apartments.com will find CoStar’s multifamily 
information and analytics solutions valuable for their own understanding 
of critical market dynamics. We also believe CoStar’s huge database of 
apartment owners and managers can be a valuable source of new leads for the 
Apartments.com sales force.

We believe the cross-selling opportunities between Apartments.com and 
CoStar are outstanding. We are dedicated to further establishing CoStar’s 
leadership position in commercial real estate’s $2 trillion U.S. multifamily 
asset class.

COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   12

4/10/14   3:48 PM

 
 
2013 Financial Highlights

In 2013 we achieved record financial results and significant 
milestones in several key areas:

• We increased revenue by $91 million in 2013 growing it to $441 million 

for the year; an increase of 26% for the full year.

• EBITDA was $94 million. This is a 56% increase over 2012 and by far 

the most EBITDA we have generated in our history. 

• We continued to grow the top-line in the mid-teens as our fourth 
quarter revenue was nearly $116 million, which is approximately  
16% year-over-year growth.

•  Our quarterly EBITDA reached an all-time high of $31.5 million in the 

fourth quarter, which represents a 54% increase year-over-year.

Additionally, our renewal rates on annual subscription services 
remained strong. Our 12-month trailing renewal rate on contracts 
with annual subscriptions was 93% including a renewal rate of 
98% for more than 6,000 annual subscription customers who 
have been CoStar clients for more than five years.  

In Thousands, Except Per Share Data

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013

Operations  
Revenues 
Net Income 
Net Income per share-diluted 
Weighted averate outstanding shares-diluted 

$ 209,659  
$ 18,693  
$ 0.94  
19,925  

$ 226,260  
$ 13,289  
$ 0.64  
20,707  

$ 251,738  
$ 14,656  
$ 0.62 
23,527 

$ 349,936   $ 440,943 
$ 9,915  
$ 0.37  
26,949  

$ 29,734 
$ 1.05 
28,212 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013

Balance Sheet  
Cash, cash equivilants and investments 
Total Assets 
Stockholders’ equity 

$ 255,698 
$ 404,579 
$ 359,006 

$ 239,316 
$ 439,648 
$ 381,502 

$ 573,379   $ 177,726 
$ 771,035  
$ 659,177  

$ 1,165,139  $ 1,256,982 
$ 826,343   $ 927,862 

$ 277,943 

COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   13

4/9/14   12:22 PM

 
 
 
 
 
 
014      CoStarGroup  
2013AR

Quarterly EBITDA 
(In Millions)

Five Year Revenue Growth 
(In Millions)

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2012

2013

Reconciliation Of Quarterly EBITDA With 2012-2013 Quarterly Net Income (loss) 
(In Millions)

2012 

2013

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4

Net income (loss) 
Purchase amortization 
Depreciation and other amortization 
Interest income 
Interest expense 
Income tax expense (benefit), net  
EBITDA 

 $   5.1  
 1.0  
 2.3  
 (0.2) 

 $ (6.7) 
 5.8  
 2.4  
 (0.1) 
 1.2  
 5.6  
$ 11.9   $    8.2  

 3.7  

 -    

 $  6.8  
 7.9  
 2.8  
 (0.1) 
 1.8  
 0.4  
$ 19.6  

 $   4.7    $ (2.4) 
 7.1  
 3.0  
 (0.1) 
 1.8  
 (1.8) 
$ 20.5   $     7.6  

 7.6  
 3.0  
 (0.1) 
 1.8  
 3.5  

 $   8.3  
 6.9  
 3.1  
 (0.1) 
 1.8  
 5.3  

 1.7  
 7.0  
$ 25.3   $ 29.8  

 $   11.1  
 6.6  
 3.4  

 -    

 $  12.8 
 6.4 
 3.4 
 (0.1)
 1.7 
 7.3 
$  31.5 

COS35001_AR_TextPgs_v01_08Apr14.indd   14

4/9/14   12:22 PM

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 

Commission file number 0-24531

CoStar Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

52-2091509
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1331 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005
(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)

(202) 346-6500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(877) 739-0486
(Registrant’s facsimile number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Common Stock, $.01 par value

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes 

  No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. 
Yes 

   No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such 
reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes 

   No 

 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every 
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrant was required to submit and post such files.) Yes 

   No 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will 
not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in 
Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller 
reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 
12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Large accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer  

Accelerated filer  
Smaller reporting company  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  

 No  

Based on the closing price of the common stock on June 28, 2013 on the Nasdaq Stock Market, Nasdaq Global Select Market, 
the aggregate market value of registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $3.5 billion.

As of February 14, 2014, there were 28,853,559 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions  of  the  registrant’s  definitive  proxy  statement,  which  is  expected  to  be  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, are incorporated by reference 
into Part III of this Report.

2

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

Item 1.

Business

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Unresolved Staff Comments
Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Item 5.

Market for the Registrant’s Common Stock, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities

Item 6.

Item 7.

Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Item 8.
Item 9.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

Item 9B.

Other Information

PART III

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Item 14.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

PART IV  

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Signatures

Index to Exhibits

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

4

17

27

27

27

27

28

30
31

48

49
49

49

50

51

51
51

51

51

52

53

55

F-1

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1. 

Business

PART I

In this report, the words “we,” “our,” “us,” “CoStar” or the “Company” refer to CoStar Group, Inc. and its direct and indirect 
wholly owned subsidiaries. This report also refers to our websites, but information contained on those sites is not part of this 
report.

CoStar  Group,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation,  founded  in  1987,  is  the  number  one  provider  of  information,  analytics  and 
marketing services to the commercial real estate industry in the United States ("U.S.") and United Kingdom ("U.K.") based on 
the fact that we offer the most comprehensive commercial real estate database available; have the largest research department in 
the industry; own and operate the leading online marketplace for commercial real estate in the U.S. based on the number of unique 
visitors per month; provide more information, analytics and marketing services than any of our competitors and believe that we 
generate more revenues than any of our competitors. We have created and compiled our standardized information, analytics and 
marketing platform where members of the commercial real estate and related business community can continuously interact and 
facilitate transactions by efficiently exchanging accurate and standardized commercial real estate information. Our service offerings 
span all commercial property types, including office, industrial, retail, land, mixed-use, hospitality and multifamily. We manage 
our business geographically in two operating segments, with our primary areas of measurement and decision-making being the 
U.S. and International, which includes the U.K. and France.

Strategy

Since our founding, our strategy has been to provide commercial real estate professionals with critical knowledge to explore 
and complete transactions by offering the most comprehensive, timely and standardized information on U.S. commercial real 
estate. We have extended our offering of comprehensive commercial real estate information to include London and other parts of 
the U.K. and parts of France, through acquisitions and internal growth and development. Information about CoStar’s revenues 
from, and long-lived assets and total assets located in, foreign countries is included in Notes 2 and 12 of the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The revenues; net income before interest, income taxes, 
depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"); and total assets and liabilities for each of our segments are set forth in Note 12 to our 
consolidated financial statements. Information about risks associated with our foreign operations is included in "Item 1A. Risk 
Factors" and “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”

We  deliver  our  content  to  our  U.S.  customers  primarily  via  an  integrated  suite  of  online  service  offerings  that  includes 
information about space available for lease, tenant information, comparable sales information, information about properties for 
sale, internet marketing services, analytical capabilities, information for clients’ websites, information about industry professionals 
and their business relationships, data integration and industry news. LoopNet, our subsidiary, operates an online marketplace that 
enables property owners, landlords, and commercial real estate agents working on their behalf to list properties for sale or for 
lease  and  to  submit  detailed  information  about  property  listings.  Commercial  real  estate  agents,  buyers  and  tenants  also  use 
LoopNet's online marketplace to search for available property listings that meet their criteria. We also provide market research 
and analysis for commercial real estate investors and lenders via our Property and Portfolio Research (“PPR”) service offerings, 
portfolio and debt management and reporting capabilities through our Resolve Technology service offerings; and real estate and 
lease management solutions, including lease administration and abstraction services, through our Virtual Premise service offerings. 
We have created and are continually improving our standardized information, analytics and marketing platform where members 
of the commercial real estate and related business community can continuously interact and facilitate transactions by efficiently 
exchanging accurate and standardized commercial real estate information.

Our  standardized  platform  includes  the  most  comprehensive  proprietary  database  in  the  industry;  the  largest  research 
department in the industry; proprietary data collection, information management and quality control systems; a large in-house 
product development team; a broad suite of web-based information, analytics and marketing services; a large team of analysts and 
economists; and a large base of clients. Our database has been developed and enhanced for more than 26 years by a research 
department that makes thousands of daily database updates. In addition to our internal efforts to grow the database, we have 
obtained and assimilated approximately 80 proprietary databases.

Our subscription-based information services consist primarily of CoStar SuiteTM and FOCUSTM services. CoStar Suite is sold 
as a platform of service offerings consisting of CoStar Property Professional®, CoStar COMPS Professional® and CoStar Tenant® 
and through our mobile application, CoStarGo®. CoStar Suite is our primary service offering in the U.S. operating segment. 
FOCUS is our primary service offering in the International operating segment. Additionally, we introduced CoStar Suite in the 
U.K. in the fourth quarter of 2012 and no longer offered FOCUS to new clients beginning in 2013.

4

Our subscription-based services consist primarily of similar services offered over the Internet to commercial real estate industry 
and related professionals. Our services are typically distributed to our clients under subscription-based license agreements that 
renew automatically, a majority of which have a term of one year. Upon renewal, many of the subscription contract rates may 
change in accordance with contract provisions or as a result of contract renegotiations. To encourage clients to use our services 
regularly, we generally charge a fixed monthly amount for our subscription-based information services rather than charging fees 
based on actual system usage. Contract rates are generally based on the number of sites, number of users, organization size, the 
client's business focus, geography and the number of services to which a client subscribes. Our subscription clients generally pay 
contract fees on a monthly basis, but in some cases may pay us on a quarterly or annual basis. 

Expansion and Growth

Acquisitions

We have continually expanded the geographical coverage of our existing information services and developed new information, 

analytics and marketing services. In addition to internal growth, we have grown our business through strategic acquisitions.  

Historically, our expansion includes the acquisitions of Chicago ReSource in Chicago in 1996 and New Market Systems in 
San Francisco in 1997. In August 1998, we expanded into the Houston region through the acquisition of Houston-based real estate 
information provider C Data Services In January 1999, we expanded further into the Midwest and Florida by acquiring LeaseTrend 
and into Atlanta and Dallas/Fort Worth by acquiring Jamison Research. In February 2000, we acquired COMPS.COM, a San 
Diego-based  provider  of  commercial  real  estate  information.  In  November  2000,  we  acquired  First  Image  Technologies,  a 
California-based provider of commercial real estate software. In September 2002, we expanded further into Portland, Oregon 
through the acquisition of certain assets of Napier Realty Advisors (doing business as REAL-NET). In January 2003, we established 
a base in the U.K. with our acquisition of London-based FOCUS Information Limited. In May 2004, we expanded into Tennessee 
through the acquisition of Peer Market Research, and in June 2004, we extended our coverage of the U.K. through the acquisition 
of Scottish Property Network. In September 2004, we strengthened our position in Denver, Colorado through the acquisition of 
substantially all of the assets of RealComp, a local comparable sales information provider. 

In January 2005, we acquired National Research Bureau, a Connecticut-based provider of U.S. shopping center information. 
In December 2006, our U.K. subsidiary, CoStar Limited, acquired Grecam S.A.S. (“Grecam”), a provider of commercial property 
information and market-level surveys, studies and consulting services located in Paris, France. In February 2007, CoStar Limited 
also acquired Property Investment Exchange Limited (“Propex”), a provider of commercial property information and operator of 
an electronic platform that facilitates the exchange of investment property located in London, England. In April 2008, we acquired 
the assets of First CLS (doing business as the Dorey Companies and DoreyPRO), an Atlanta-based provider of local commercial 
real estate information. In July 2009, we acquired Massachusetts-based PPR, a provider of real estate analysis, market forecasts 
and credit risk analytics to the commercial real estate industry, and its wholly owned U.K. subsidiary Property and Portfolio 
Research Ltd., and in October 2009, we acquired Massachusetts-based Resolve Technology, a provider of business intelligence 
and portfolio management software serving the institutional real estate investment industry.  In October 2011, we acquired Virtual 
Premise, a Software as a Service, or on-demand software provider of real estate and lease management solutions located in Atlanta, 
Georgia. More recently, on April 30, 2012, we completed the acquisition of LoopNet, an online marketplace that enables property 
owners, landlords, and commercial real estate agents working on their behalf to list properties for sale or for lease and to submit 
detailed information about property listings.

Development

We expect to continue software development to improve existing services, introduce new services, integrate products and 
services,  cross-sell  existing  services,  and  expand  and  develop  supporting  technologies  for  our  research,  sales  and  marketing 
organizations. We are committed to supporting and improving our existing core information, news, analytic and marketing services. 

In October 2013, we introduced technology enhancements to CoStar Suite, our platform of service offerings consisting of 
CoStar Property Professional, CoStar COMPS Professional and CoStar Tenant. The enhancements improve Costar Suite's user 
interface, search functionality and analytic capabilities. The newly introduced CoStar MultifamilyTM information search allows 
access to our extensive multifamily property database. In addition, we introduced CoStar Lease AnalysisTM, an integrated workflow 
tool that provides users a simple way to produce understandable cash flows for any proposed or existing lease. We expect to 
continue software development on our new Lease Analysis workflow tool throughout 2014. 

5

Further, in October 2013, we released CoStarGo® 2.0, the next generation of our mobile application, which was launched in 
the U.S. on August 15, 2011 and introduced in the U.K. on November 5, 2012. CoStarGo is our iPad application that integrates 
and provides CoStar Suite subscribers mobile access to our comprehensive property, tenant and comparable sales information. 
CoStarGo 2.0 adds powerful analytic capabilities to our comprehensive mobile solution.

We  have  introduced  enhancements  to  our  flagship  marketing  platform,  LoopNet.com.  For  example,  we  added  a  broker 
advertising service that allows brokers to purchase advertisements based on geographic and property type criteria. Additionally, 
we introduced ProVideo, a service that enables owners and brokers to enhance their listings with high quality videos of interior 
spaces, amenities and exterior features. We expect to continue software development to improve the LoopNet marketing platform 
in 2014.

We continue to integrate, develop and cross-sell the services offered by the companies we acquired most recently, including 
LoopNet, Virtual Premise, Resolve Technology and PPR. In some cases, when integrating and coordinating our services and 
assessing industry needs, we may decide, or may have previously decided, to combine, shift focus from, de-emphasize, phase out, 
or eliminate a service that overlaps or is redundant with other services we offer. 

International Expansion and Development

We continue to integrate our international operations more fully with those in the U.S. As part of our integration efforts, in 
2007 we introduced “CoStar Group” as the brand encompassing our international operations, and in early 2010 we launched 
Showcase, our internet marketing service that provides commercial real estate professionals high quality internet lead generation, 
in the U.K. In addition, we intend to continue to upgrade the platform of services and expand the coverage of our service offerings 
within our International segment. To further develop those initiatives, we introduced CoStar Suite in the U.K. during the fourth 
quarter of 2012 and no longer offered FOCUS to new clients beginning in 2013. CoStar Suite is sold as a consistent international 
platform of service offerings consisting of CoStar Property Professional, CoStar COMPS Professional and CoStar Tenant and 
through the Company's mobile application, CoStarGo. CoStarGo 2.0 was released in the U.K. in October 2013 simultaneous with 
the release in the U.S. Additionally, we have upgraded our back-end research operations, fulfillment and Customer Relationship 
Management (“CRM”) systems to support these new U.K. services. In order to implement these services in the U.K., we incurred 
increased development costs through 2012; however, development costs incurred by the International segment decreased in 2013. 
The International operating segment continues to experience improved financial performance and most recently, during the three 
months ended December 31, 2013, International EBITDA increased to a positive amount as a result of increased revenue and 
decreased operating expenses.

In 2014, we expect to expand further internationally by offering our services in Toronto, Canada. We believe that our integration 
efforts and continued investments in our services, including expansion of our existing service offerings internationally, have created 
a  platform  for  long-term  revenue  growth.  We  expect  these  investments  to  result  in  further  penetration  of  our  international 
subscription-based information services and the successful cross-selling of our services to customers in existing markets. 

Industry Overview

The market for commercial real estate information and analysis is vast based on the variety, volume and value of transactions 
related to commercial real estate. Each transaction has multiple participants and multiple information requirements, and in order 
to facilitate transactions, industry participants must have extensive, accurate and current information and analysis. Members of 
the commercial real estate and related business community require daily access to current data such as space availability, properties 
for sale, rental rates, vacancy rates, tenant movements, sales comparables, supply, new construction, absorption rates and other 
important  market  developments  to  carry  out  their  businesses  effectively.  Market  research  (including  historical  and  forecast 
conditions) and applied analytics have also become instrumental to the success of commercial real estate industry participants 
operating in the current economic environment. There is a strong need for an efficient marketplace, where commercial real estate 
professionals can exchange information, evaluate opportunities using standardized data and interpretive analyses, and interact 
with each other on a continuous basis.

6

A large number of parties involved in the commercial real estate and related business community make use of the services 

we provide in order to obtain information they need to conduct their businesses, including:

• Sales and leasing brokers
• Property owners

• Property managers

• Government agencies
• Mortgage-backed security issuers

• Appraisers

• Design and construction professionals

• Pension fund managers

• Real estate developers

• Reporters

• Real estate investment trust managers

• Tenant vendors

•

Investment bankers

• Commercial bankers
• Mortgage bankers
• Mortgage brokers

• Retailers

• Building services vendors

• Communications providers

•
•

•

Insurance companies’ managers

Institutional advisors

Investors and asset managers

The commercial real estate and related business community generally has operated in an inefficient marketplace because of 
the  fragmented  approach  to  gathering  and  exchanging  information  within  the  marketplace.  Various  organizations,  including 
hundreds of brokerage firms, directory publishers and local research companies, collect data on specific markets and develop 
software  to  analyze  the  information  they  have  independently  gathered. This  highly  fragmented  methodology  has  resulted  in 
duplication of effort in the collection and analysis of information, excessive internal cost and the creation of non-standardized 
data containing varying degrees of accuracy and comprehensiveness, resulting in a formidable information gap.

The  creation  of  a  standardized  information  platform  for  commercial  real  estate  requires  an  infrastructure  including  a 
standardized database, accurate and comprehensive research capabilities, experienced analysts, easy to use technology and intensive 
participant  interaction.  By  combining  our  extensive  database,  approximately  1,123  researchers  and  outside  contractors,  our 
experienced team of analysts and economists, technological expertise and broad customer base, we believe that we have created 
such a platform.

CoStar’s Comprehensive Database

CoStar has spent more than 26 years building and acquiring a database of commercial real estate information, which includes 

information on leasing, sales, comparable sales, tenants, and demand statistics, as well as digital images.

As of January 31, 2014, our database of real estate information covered the U.S., London, England and other parts of the 

U.K., and contained information about:

•  Approximately 1.5 million sale and lease listings;
•  Approximately 4.3 million total properties;
•  Approximately 8.6 billion square feet of sale and lease listings;
•  Approximately 5.7 million tenants;
•  Approximately 2.1 million sales transactions valued in the aggregate at approximately $5.0 trillion; and
•  Approximately 15.3 million digital attachments, including building photographs, aerial photographs, plat maps and 

floor plans.

7

This highly complex database is comprised of hundreds of data fields, tracking such categories as:

• Location
• Site and zoning information

• Mortgage and deed information
• For-sale information

• Building characteristics

•

Income and expense histories

• Space availability

• Tax assessments

• Ownership

• Tenant names

• Lease expirations

• Contact information

• Sales and lease comparables

• Historical trends

• Space requirements

• Number of retail stores

• Demographic information

• Retail sales per square foot

CoStar Research

We have developed a sophisticated data collection organization utilizing a multi-faceted research process. In 2013, our full 
time researchers and contractors drove millions of miles, conducted hundreds of thousands of on-site building inspections, and 
conducted millions of interviews of brokers, owners and tenants.

Research Department. As of January 31, 2014, we had approximately 1,123 commercial real estate research professionals 
and outside contractors performing research. Our research professionals undergo an extensive training program so that we can 
maintain consistent research methods and processes throughout our research department. Our researchers collect and analyze 
commercial real estate information through millions of phone calls, e-mails and internet updates each year, in addition to field 
inspections, public records review, news monitoring and direct mail. Each researcher is responsible for maintaining the accuracy 
and reliability of database information. As part of their update process, researchers develop cooperative relationships with industry 
professionals that allow them to gather useful information. Because of the importance commercial real estate professionals place 
on our data and our prominent position in the industry, many of these professionals routinely take the initiative and proactively 
report available space and transactions to our researchers.

CoStar has an extensive field research effort that includes physical inspection of properties in order to research new markets, 
find additional property inventory, photograph properties and verify existing information. CoStar's field research effort also includes 
creating high quality videos of interior spaces, amenities and exterior features of properties. CoStar utilizes 115 high-tech, field 
research vehicles across the U.S., Canada and the U.K. A significant majority of these vehicles are customized energy efficient 
hybrid cars that are equipped with computers, proprietary Global Positioning System tracking software, high resolution digital 
cameras  and  handheld  laser  instruments  to  help  precisely  measure  buildings,  geo-code  them  and  position  them  on  digital 
maps. Some of our researchers also use custom-designed trucks with the same equipment as well as pneumatic masts that extend 
up to an elevation of twenty-five feet to allow for unobstructed building photographs from “birds-eye” views. Each CoStar vehicle 
uses wireless technology to track and transmit field data. A typical site inspection consists of photographing the building, measuring 
the building, geo-coding the building, capturing “For Sale” or “For Lease” sign information, counting parking spaces, assessing 
property condition and construction, and gathering tenant information. Certain researchers canvass properties, interviewing tenants 
suite by suite. 

Data and Image Providers. We license a small portion of our data and images from public record providers and third party 
data sources. Licensing agreements with these entities provide for our use of a variety of commercial real estate information, 
including property ownership, tenant information, demographic information, maps and aerial photographs, all of which enhance 
various CoStar services. These license agreements generally grant us a non-exclusive license to use the data and images in the 
creation and supplementation of our information, analytics and marketing services and include what we believe are standard terms, 
such as a contract term ranging from one to five years, automatic renewal of the contract and fixed periodic license fees or a 
combination of fixed periodic license fees plus additional fees based upon our usage.

8

Management and Quality Control Systems. Our research processes include automated and non-automated controls to ensure 
the integrity of the data collection process. A large number of automated data quality tests check for potential errors, including 
occupancy date conflicts, available square footage greater than building area, typical floor space greater than land area and expired 
leases. We also monitor changes to critical fields of information to ensure all information is kept in compliance with our standard 
definitions and methodology. Our non-automated quality control procedures include:

• 
• 
• 
• 

calling our information sources on recently updated properties to re-verify information;
performing periodic research audits and field checks to determine if we correctly canvassed buildings;
providing training and retraining to our research professionals to ensure accurate data compilation; and
compiling measurable performance metrics for research teams and managers for feedback on data quality.

Finally, one of the most important and effective quality control measures we rely on is feedback provided by the commercial 

real estate professionals using our data every day.

Proprietary Technology

As  of  January 31,  2014,  CoStar  had  a  staff  of  312  product  development,  database  and  network  professionals. CoStar’s 
information technology professionals focus on developing new services for our customers, integrating our current services, and 
delivering research automation tools that improve the quality of our data and increase the efficiency of our research analysts.

Our subscription-based information services consist primarily of CoStar SuiteTM and FOCUSTM services. CoStar Suite is sold 
as a platform of service offerings consisting of CoStar Property Professional®, CoStar COMPS Professional® and CoStar Tenant® 
and through our mobile application, CoStarGo®.  

Our information technology team is responsible for developing and maintaining CoStar services, including but not limited to 
CoStar  Property  Professional®,  CoStar  COMPS  Professional®,  CoStar  Tenant®,  CoStar  Showcase®,  CoStarGo®,  CoStar 
Connect®, CoStar Lease AnalysisTM, CoStar MultifamilyTM, LoopNet Premium Lister, LoopNet Premium Searcher, LoopLink®, 
FOCUSTM, PPR products and services, Resolve Portfolio Maximizer® and Resolve RequestTM, and Virtual Premise products and 
services. 

Our information technology team is responsible for developing the infrastructure necessary to support CoStar’s business 
processes, our comprehensive database of commercial real estate information, analytics and marketing services and our extensive 
image library. The team implements technologies and systems that introduce efficient workflows and controls that increase the 
production  capacity  of  our  research  teams  and  improve  the  quality  of  our  data. Over  the  years,  the  team  has  developed  data 
collection and quality control mechanisms that we believe are unique to the commercial real estate industry. The team continues 
to develop and modify our enterprise information management system that integrates CoStar sales, research, field research, customer 
support and accounting information. We use this system to maintain our commercial real estate research information, manage 
contacts with the commercial real estate community, provide research workflow automation and conduct daily automated quality 
assurance checks. In addition, our information technology team has also developed fraud-detection technology to detect and prevent 
unauthorized access to our services.

Our information technology professionals also maintain the servers and network components necessary to support CoStar 
services and research systems. CoStar's core services are served from multiple data centers to support uninterrupted service for 
our customers. CoStar’s services are continually monitored in an effort to ensure our customers fast and reliable access.

CoStar's comprehensive data protection policy provides for use of secure networks, strong passwords, encrypted data fields, 

off-site storage and other protective measures in an effort to ensure the availability and security of all core systems.. 

Services

Our suite of information, analytics and marketing services is branded and marketed to our customers. Our services are primarily 
derived from a database of building-specific information and offer customers specialized tools for accessing, analyzing and using 
our information. Over time, we expect to continue to enhance our existing information, analytics and marketing services and 
develop additional services that make use of our comprehensive database to meet the needs of our existing customers as well as 
potential new categories of customers.

9

  
Our principal information, analytics and marketing services as of January 31, 2014, are described in the following paragraphs:

CoStar Property Professional®  CoStar Property Professional, or “CoStar Property,” is the Company’s flagship service. It 
provides  subscribers  a  comprehensive  inventory  of  office,  industrial,  retail  and  multifamily  properties  and  land  in  markets 
throughout the U.S. and U.K., including for-lease and for-sale listings, historical data, building photographs, maps and floor plans. 
Commercial  real  estate  professionals  use  CoStar  Property  to  identify  available  space  for  lease,  evaluate  leasing  and  sale 
opportunities, value assets and position properties in the marketplace. Our clients also use CoStar Property to analyze market 
conditions by calculating current vacancy rates, absorption rates or average rental rates, and forecasting future trends based on 
user  selected  variables.  CoStar  Property  provides  subscribers  with  powerful  map-based  search  capabilities  as  well  as  a  user 
controlled, password protected extranet (or electronic “file cabinet”) where brokers may share space surveys and transaction-
related documents online, in real time, with team members. When used together with CoStar Connect, CoStar Property enables 
subscribers to share space surveys and transaction-related documents with their clients, accessed through their corporate website. 
CoStar Property, along with all of CoStar’s other core information, analytics and marketing services, is delivered solely via the 
Internet.

•  CoStar MultifamilyTM   CoStar Multifamily information included as part of CoStar Property Professional provides 
subscribers a comprehensive multifamily property database combined with analytic and forecasting tools that enable 
them to make investment decisions about multifamily properties. CoStar Multifamily provides information about 
buildings with 20 or more units including rents and occupancy rates, comparable sales transactions, construction 
locations, floor plans, high-resolution property images and detailed information on amenities and concessions. 

•  CoStar  Lease AnalysisTM    CoStar  Lease Analysis  is  an  integrated  workflow  tool  that  allows  subscribers  to 
incorporate CoStar data with their own data to perform in depth lease analyses. CoStar Lease Analysis can be used 
to produce an understandable cash flow analysis as well as key metrics about any proposed or existing lease. It 
combines financial modeling with CoStar’s comprehensive property information, enabling the subscriber to compare 
lease alternatives.

CoStar COMPS Professional®  CoStar COMPS Professional, or “COMPS Professional,” provides comprehensive coverage 
of comparable sales information in the U.S. and U.K. commercial real estate industries. It is the industry’s most comprehensive 
database of comparable sales transactions and is designed for professionals who need to research property comparables, identify 
market trends, expedite the appraisal process and support property valuations. COMPS Professional offers subscribers numerous 
fields of property information, access to support documents (e.g., deeds of trust) for new comparables, demographics and the 
ability to view for-sale properties alongside sold properties in three formats – plotted on a map, aerial image or in a table.

CoStar Tenant®  CoStar Tenant is a detailed online business-to-business prospecting and analytical tool providing commercial 
real estate professionals with the most comprehensive commercial real estate-related U.S. and U.K. tenant information available. 
CoStar Tenant profiles tenants occupying space in commercial buildings across the U.S. and provides updates on lease expirations 
- one of the service’s key features - as well as occupancy levels, growth rates and numerous other facts. Delivering this information 
via the Internet allows users to target prospective clients quickly through a searchable database that identifies only those tenants 
meeting certain criteria.

CoStarGo®  CoStarGo is an iPad application that integrates and provides subscribers of Costar Suite mobile access to our 
comprehensive  property,  comparable  sales  and  tenant  information  in  our  suite  of  online  service  offerings  –  CoStar  Property 
Professional, CoStar COMPS Professional and CoStar Tenant. CoStarGo provides a single, location-centric mobile interface that 
allows users to access and display comprehensive information on millions of properties and gain instant access to analytic data 
and demographic information from the field.

CoStar Advertising®   CoStar Advertising offers property owners and brokers a highly targeted and cost effective way to 
market a space for lease or a property for sale directly to the CoStar subscribers looking for that type of space through interactive 
advertising. Our advertising model is based on varying levels of exposure, enabling the advertiser to target as narrowly or broadly 
as its budget permits. With the CoStar Advertising program, when the advertiser’s listings appear in a results set, they receive 
priority positioning and are enhanced to stand out. The advertiser can also purchase exposure in additional submarkets, or the 
entire market area so that this ad will appear even when this listing would not be returned in a results set.

10

PPR®   Our subsidiary, PPR, and its U.K. subsidiary, PPR UK, offer products and services designed to meet the research 
needs of commercial real estate investors and lenders. PPR covers metropolitan areas throughout the U.S., the U.K., and Europe, 
with offerings including historical and forecast market data and analysis by market and property type, and services including 
access to PPR’s analysts, economists, and strategists to develop and deliver custom research solutions. Key tools include analysis 
of underlying property data, assessment of current market fundamentals, forecasts of future market performance, and credit default 
models. 

•  PPR PortalTM is PPR’s primary delivery platform for research, forecasts, analytics, and granular data surrounding 
a specific address and property type. Information is organized around clearly defined tabs, for ease of access. The 
information is presented in written, table data, graphic, and map formats, and can easily be downloaded by the user 
for integration into its own analytical framework. The PPR Portal is used by lenders, investors, and owners to identify 
and price investment opportunities, manage assets and portfolios, and source and service capital.

•  PPR COMPASSTM is PPR’s premier commercial real estate risk management tool. It allows users to calculate 
Probability of Default, Loss Given Default, Expected Loss, and Confidence Interval (of Expected Loss) results for 
a loan or a portfolio. It provides direct comparisons of credit risk and refinance risk across Time, Market, Property 
Type, and Loan Structure for all macroeconomic forecast scenarios. COMPASSCRE is used by lenders, issuers, ratings 
agencies, and regulators to estimate required loss reserves and economic capital, target lending opportunities, set 
pricing strategy, objectively compare/price loans, more effectively allocate capital, and manage refinance risk.

Resolve Portfolio Maximizer® Resolve Portfolio Maximizer is an industry leading real estate portfolio management software 
solution. Resolve Portfolio Maximizer allows users to model partnership structures, calculate waterfall distributions and fees, 
model and analyze debt obligations, and create multiple “what if” scenarios for alternative investment decisions.

Resolve  RequestTM  Resolve  Request  is  the  first  business  intelligence  software  solution  built  specifically  for  managing 
commercial real estate investments. Resolve Request helps users eliminate some of the difficulties of consolidating real estate 
investment  data  from  disparate  sources  and  facilitates  standardization  of  information  presentation  and  reporting  across  an 
organization. Resolve Request also provides a platform for users to develop business intelligence and reporting capabilities. 

VP Corporate EditionTM  Our subsidiary, Virtual Premise, offers VP Corporate Edition, a real estate management software 
solution designed for corporate real estate managers, company executives, business unit directors, brokers and project managers. VP 
Corporate Edition helps users connect real estate initiatives with company strategic goals, streamline portfolio operations, automate 
the process for collecting and managing space requests, reduce occupancy costs with analytics that track location performance 
against targets, and maximize location performance through proactive portfolio management. Virtual Premise also provides lease 
abstraction and data review services in order to facilitate the effective implementation of this software solution.

VP Retail EditionTM  VP Retail Edition is a real estate management software solution designed for company executives, real 
estate dealmakers and store planning and construction managers. VP Retail Edition helps users to utilize comprehensive and real-
time data to establish goals and store strategies, manage the execution of real estate strategies, summarize critical portfolio data 
to  drive  cost-saving  decisions,  and  benchmark  prerequisite  store-level  information  and  metrics  for  maximizing  location 
performance through proactive portfolio management. Virtual Premise also provides lease abstraction and data review services 
in order to facilitate the effective implementation of this software solution. 

LoopNet® Basic and Premium Membership  Our subsidiary, LoopNet, offers two types of memberships on the LoopNet 
marketplace, basic and premium. Basic membership is available free-of-charge to anyone who registers at our LoopNet website 
and enables members to experience some of the benefits of the LoopNet offering, with limited functionality. As of January 31, 
2014, LoopNet had approximately 8.2 million registered members, of which 83,277 were premium members. 

LoopNet® Premium Lister  LoopNet Premium Lister is designed for commercial real estate professionals and 
• 
other  customers  who  seek  the  broadest  possible  exposure  for  their  listings,  access  to  leads  lists,  and  advanced 
marketing and searching tools. LoopNet Premium Lister provides subscribers with the ability to market their listings 
to all LoopNet.com visitors, as well as numerous other features. LoopNet Premium Lister is available for a quarterly 
or annual subscription.

• 
LoopNet® Premium Searcher  LoopNet Premium Searcher is designed for members searching for commercial 
real estate who need unlimited marketplace searching access, reports and advanced searching tools. LoopNet Premium 
Searcher provides subscribers with full access to all LoopNet property listings, including Premium and Basic Listings, 
as  well  as  numerous  other  features.  LoopNet  Premium  Searcher  is  available  for  a  monthly,  quarterly  or  annual 
subscription.  

11

 
 
 
LoopLink®   LoopLink is an online real estate marketing and database services suite that enables commercial real estate firms 
to showcase their available properties both on the LoopNet marketplace and on the brokerage firm’s own website using hosted 
search software. Within LoopNet, each LoopLink listing is branded with the client’s logo and is hyperlinked to the client’s website. 
Additionally, the LoopLink service provides customizable, branded property search and results screens that can be integrated into 
the client’s website. The LoopNet import service offers the opportunity to simplify the process of submitting listings to LoopNet 
from the client’s internal databases, and features advanced data matching and data integrity rules and file conversion capabilities. 
LoopNet charges a monthly subscription fee to commercial real estate firms for the LoopLink service. Key features of LoopLink 
include comprehensive reporting and listing administration tools, a searchable and seamlessly integrated professional directory, 
property mapping for geographic and feasibility analysis, thumbnail photos and expanded property descriptions in search results. 

LandsofAmericaTM and LandAndFarmTM  LandsofAmerica and LandAndFarm are leading online marketplaces for rural land 

for sale. Sellers pay a fee to list their land for sale, and interested buyers can search LoopNet's listings for free. 

BizBuySell® and BizQuest®  BizBuySell and BizQuest are leading online marketplaces for operating businesses for sale. 
Business sellers pay a fee to list their operating businesses for sale, and interested buyers can search LoopNet's listings for free. 
The BizBuySell and BizQuest Franchise Directories allow interested business buyers to search hundreds of franchise opportunities, 
and franchisors can list their availabilities in the directory on a cost per lead basis. 

FOCUSTM  Our U.K. subsidiary, CoStar U.K. Limited, offers several services; its primary service is FOCUS. FOCUS is a 
digital  online  service  offering  information  on  the  U.K.  commercial  real  estate  market. This  service  seamlessly  links  data  on 
individual properties and companies across the U.K., including comparable sales, available space, requirements, tenants, lease 
deals, planning information, socio-economics and demographics, credit ratings, photos and maps.

GrecamTM  Our French subsidiary, Grecam S.A.S., provides commercial real estate information throughout the Paris region 
through  its  Observatoire  Immobilier  D’  Entreprise  (“OIE”)  service  offering. The  OIE  service  provides  commercial  property 
availability and transaction information to its subscribers through both an online service and market reports.

12

Clients

We draw clients from across the commercial real estate and related business community. Commercial real estate brokers have 
traditionally  formed  the  largest  portion  of  CoStar  clients,  however,  we  also  provide  services  to  owners,  landlords,  financial 
institutions, retailers, vendors, appraisers, investment banks, governmental agencies, and other parties involved in commercial 
real estate. The following chart lists U.S. and U.K. clients that are well known or have the highest annual subscription fees in each 
of the various categories, each as of January 31, 2014:

Brokers

Lenders, Investment Bankers

Institutional Advisors, Asset Managers

Binswanger
BNP Paribas — U.K.
Carter
Cassidy Turley
CB Richard Ellis
CB Richard Ellis — U.K.
Charles Dunn Company
Coldwell Banker Commercial NRT
Colliers
Colliers International UK  — U.K.
CRESA
Cushman & Wakefield
Cushman & Wakefield  — U.K.
DAUM Commercial Real Estate Services
Drivers Jonas Deloitte — U.K.
DTZ, a UGL company
Gerald Eve — U.K.
GVA Grimley — U.K.
HFF
Jones Lang LaSalle
Jones Lang LaSalle — U.K.
Kidder Mathews
Knight Frank LLP — U.K.
Lambert Smith Hampton — U.K.
Marcus & Millichap
Mohr Partners
NAI Global
NB Real Estate — U.K.
Newmark Grubb Knight Frank
Re/Max
Savills Commercial — U.K.
Sperry Van Ness
Studley
Transwestern
U.S. Equities Realty
USI Real Estate Brokerage Services
Weichert Commercial Brokerage

 AEGON USA Realty Advisors
 Bank of America, N.A.
 Capital One Bank
 Citibank
 Citigroup Global Markets — U.K.
 Deutsche Bank
 JP Morgan Chase Bank
 Key Bank
 Q10 Capital LLC
 Suntrust
 TD Bank
 Wells Fargo
 Wells Fargo — U.K.

 Aberdeen Asset Management — U.K.
 AEW Capital Management LP
 BlackRock
 Hartford Investment Management Company
 ING Investment Management
 M&G Real Estate — U.K.
 Manulife Financial
 MetLife Real Estate Investment
 NorthMarq Capital
 Progressive Casualty Insurance Co.
 Prudential
 Standard Life Investments — U.K.
 USAA Real Estate Company

Owners, Developers
 Grosvenor Estate Holdings — U.K.
 Hines
 Industrial Developments
 LNR Property Corp
 Shorenstein Properties, LLC
 Tishman Speyer

Appraisers, Accountants

 Deloitte
 Integra
 KPMG
 Marvin F. Poer
 Price Waterhouse Coopers
 Ryan LLC

Retailers

 Carter's
 Dollar General Corporation
 Jos. A Bank
 Massage Envy
 Petco
 Rent-A-Center
 Sony
 Spencer Gifts LLC
 Starbucks
 Walgreens

Government Agencies

 City of Chicago
 Cook County Assessor’s Office
 County of Los Angeles
 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
 Federal Reserve Bank of New York
 Internal Revenue Service
 Transportation Security Administration
 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
 U.S. General Services Administration
 Valuation Office Agency — U.K.

REITs

Boston Properties
Brandywine Realty Trust
Duke Realty Corporation
KBS Realty Advisors
Kimco Realty Corporation
Simon Property Group
Vornado/Charles E. Smith

Property Managers

 AP Commercial
 Elliott Associates
 Leggat McCall Properties
 Lincoln Property Company
 Navisys Group
 Osprey Management Company
 PM Realty Group

Vendors

 Comcast Corporation
 Cox Communications
 Kastle Systems
 Regus
 Time Warner Cable
 Turner Construction Company
 Verizon Communications

For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, no single client accounted for more than 5% of our revenues.

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales and Marketing

As of January 31, 2014, we had 559 sales, marketing and customer support employees, with the majority of our direct sales 
force located in field sales offices. Our sales teams are primarily located in 30 field sales offices throughout the U.S. and in offices 
located in London, England; Manchester, England; Glasgow, Scotland; Paris, France and Toronto, Canada. Our inside sales teams 
are located in our Washington, DC; San Francisco, California; and Glendora, California offices. These teams prospect for new 
clients and perform service demonstrations exclusively by telephone and over the Internet to support the direct sales force. A 
portion of the inside sales teams are also responsible for selling some of our services.

Our local offices typically serve as the platform for our in-market sales, customer support and field research operations for 
their respective regions. The sales force is responsible for selling to new prospects, training new and existing clients, providing 
ongoing customer support, renewing existing client contracts and identifying cross-selling opportunities. In addition, the sales 
force has primary front line responsibility for customer care.

Our sales strategy is to aggressively attract new clients, while providing ongoing incentives for existing clients to subscribe 
to additional services. We actively manage client accounts in order to retain clients by providing frequent service demonstrations 
as well as company-client contact and communication. We place a premium on training new and existing client personnel on the 
use of our services so as to promote maximum client utilization and satisfaction with our services. Our strategy also involves 
entering into multi-year, multi-market license agreements with our larger clients.

We seek to make our services essential to our clients’ businesses. To encourage clients to use our services regularly, we 
generally charge a fixed monthly amount for our subscription-based information services rather than fees based on actual system 
usage. Contract rates for subscription-based services are generally based on the number of sites, number of users, organization 
size, the client’s business focus, geography and the number of services to which a client subscribes. Our subscription clients 
generally pay contract fees on a monthly basis, but in some cases may pay us on a quarterly or annual basis.

Our customer service and support staff is charged with ensuring high client satisfaction by providing ongoing customer support.

Our  primary  marketing  methods  include:  service  demonstrations;  face  to  face  networking;  web-based  marketing;  direct 
marketing; communication via our corporate website and news services; participation in trade show and industry events; Company-
sponsored  events;  print  advertising  in  trade  magazines  and  other  business  publications;  client  referrals;  CoStar AdvisorTM, 
LoopNewsTM and other company newsletters distributed via email to our clients and prospects. We currently offer dozens of 
webinars each year aimed at helping customers learn more about the commercial real estate industry and how to use our services. The 
webinars are available both as live presentations and as on-demand programs hosted on our website. On a monthly basis, we issue 
the  CoStar  Commercial  Repeat  Sales  Index  ("CCRSI"),  a  comprehensive  set  of  benchmarks  that  investors  and  other  market 
participants can use to better understand commercial real estate price movements. The Index is produced using our underlying 
data and is publicly distributed by CoStar through the news media and made available online at www.costar.com/ccrsi.

Web-based marketing and direct marketing are the most cost-effective means for us to find prospective clients. Our web-
based marketing efforts include search engine optimization, paid advertising with major search engines and display advertising 
on commercial real estate news and business websites and mobile applications, and our direct marketing efforts include direct 
mail, email and telemarketing, and make extensive use of our unique, proprietary database. Once we have identified a prospective 
client, our most effective sales method is a service demonstration. We use various forms of advertising to build brand identity and 
reinforce the value and benefits of our services. We also sponsor and attend local association activities and events, including 
industry-leading events for commercial real estate brokers, owner/investors and retail and financial services institutions, and attend 
and/or exhibit at industry trade shows and conferences to reinforce our relationships with our core user groups.

Our sales and marketing efforts have focused and will continue to focus on cross-selling and marketing our services. For 
example, after the acquisition of LoopNet, we launched a sales and marketing campaign to cross-sell CoStar's information services 
to LoopNet customers and cross-sell LoopNet's marketing services to CoStar customers. We recently implemented an automatic 
cross-selling initiative within the LoopNet marketplace. As searchers view properties within the LoopNet marketplace, a message 
may appear indicating that there are additional listings available within CoStar Suite with the same search criteria that they are 
not able to access under their current subscription. The message provides contact information, so that the customer can reach their 
customer service or sales representative and review the most appropriate service for their needs. Our goal is to upsell clients to 
the services that best meet their needs and to create further cross-selling revenue synergies. In addition, we have added a comparison 
feature to CoStarGo, which allows our sales force to demonstrate how many more properties a prospect could see with respect to 
a particular search area if that prospect were using CoStar rather than the prospect’s current subscription with LoopNet.

14

Competition

The market for information, analytics and marketing services generally is competitive and rapidly changing. In the commercial 
real estate industry, the principal competitive factors for commercial real estate information, analytics and marketing services and 
providers are:

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

quality and depth of the underlying databases;
ease of use, flexibility, and functionality of the software;
timeliness of the data;
breadth of geographic coverage and services offered;
client service and support;
perception that the service offered is the industry standard;
price;
effectiveness of marketing and sales efforts;
proprietary nature of methodologies, databases and technical resources;
vendor reputation;
brand loyalty among customers; and
capital resources.

We compete directly and indirectly for customers with the following categories of companies:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

online marketing services or websites targeted to commercial real estate brokers, buyers and sellers of commercial real 
estate properties, insurance companies, mortgage brokers and lenders, such as commercialsearch.com, PropertyLine.com, 
Reed Business Information Limited, officespace.com, MrOfficeSpace.com, TenantWise, www.propertyshark.com, Rofo, 
BuildingSearch.com, CIMLS, CompStak, Rightmove, WorkplaceIQ, RealPoint LLC and estatesgazette.com;

publishers and distributors of information, analytics and marketing services, including regional providers and national 
print publications, such as Xceligent, eProperty Data, CBRE Economic Advisors, Marshall & Swift, Yale Robbins, Reis, 
Real Capital Analytics and The Smith Guide;

locally controlled real estate boards, exchanges or associations sponsoring property listing services and the companies 
with whom they partner, such as Xceligent, eProperty Data, Catalyst, the National Association of Realtors, CCIM Institute, 
Society of Industrial and Office Realtors, the Commercial Association of Realtors Data Services and the Association of 
Industrial Realtors;

real estate portfolio management software solutions, such as Cougar Software, MRI Software, Altus and Intuit;

real estate lease management and administration software solutions, such as Accruent, Tririga, Manhattan Software and 
AMT;

in-house research departments operated by commercial real estate brokers; and

public record providers.

As the commercial real estate information, analytics and marketing services marketplace develops, additional competitors 
(including companies which could have greater access to data, financial, product development, technical, analytic or marketing 
resources than we do) may enter the market and competition may intensify. A company like Bloomberg L.P. has the resources and 
has previously announced an intention to move into the commercial real estate information business. Further, a company like 
Google, which has a far-reaching web presence and substantial data aggregation capabilities, could enter the commercial real 
estate marketing arena. While we believe that we have successfully differentiated ourselves from existing competitors, current or 
future competitors could materially harm our business.

15

Proprietary Rights

To protect our proprietary rights in our methodologies, database, software, trademarks and other intellectual property, we 

depend upon a combination of:

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

trade secret, misappropriation, copyright, trademark, computer fraud, database protection and other laws;
registration of copyrights and trademarks;
nondisclosure, noncompetition and other contractual provisions with employees and consultants;
license agreements with customers;
patent protection; and
technical measures.

We seek to protect our software’s source code, our database and our photography as trade secrets and under copyright law. 
Although copyright registration is not a prerequisite for copyright protection, we have filed for copyright registration for many of 
our databases, photographs, software and other materials. Under current U.S. copyright law, the arrangement and selection of data 
may be protected, but the actual data itself may not be. Certain U.K. database protection laws provide additional protections for 
our U.K. databases. We license our services under license agreements that grant our clients non-exclusive, non-transferable rights. 
These agreements restrict the disclosure and use of our information and prohibit the unauthorized reproduction or transfer of any 
of our proprietary information, methodologies or analytics.

We also attempt to protect our proprietary databases, our trade secrets and our proprietary information through confidentiality 
and noncompetition agreements with our employees and consultants. Our services also include technical measures designed to 
detect, discourage and prevent unauthorized copying of our intellectual property. We have established an internal antipiracy team 
that uses fraud-detection technology to continually monitor use of our services to detect and prevent unauthorized access, and we 
actively prosecute individuals and firms that engage in this unlawful activity.

We maintain U.S. and international trademark registrations for CoStar’s core service names and proactively file U.S. and 
international trademark applications covering our new and planned service names.  Our federally registered trademarks include 
CoStar®,  CoStar  Property®,  COMPS®,  CoStarGo®,  CoStar  Showcase®,  and  LoopNet®,  among  many  others.    In  the  U.S., 
trademarks are generally valid as long as they are in use and have not been found to be generic.  We consider our trademarks in 
the aggregate to constitute a valuable asset. In addition, we maintain a patent portfolio that protects certain of our systems and 
methodologies. We currently have one granted patent in the U.K., which expires in 2021, covering, among other things, certain 
of our field research methodologies and six granted patents in the U.S. which expire in 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 (2 patents) and 
2025, respectively, covering, among other things, critical elements of CoStar’s proprietary field research technology and mapping 
tools.  We regard the rights protected by our patents as valuable to our business, but do not believe that our business is materially 
dependent on any single patent or on our portfolio of patents as a whole.

Employees

As of January 31, 2014, we employed 2,046 employees. None of our employees are represented by a labor union. We have 

experienced no work stoppages. We believe that our employee relations are excellent.

Available Information

Our investor relations internet website is http://www.costar.com/investors.aspx. The reports we file with or furnish to the 
Securities and Exchange Commission, including our annual report, quarterly reports and current reports, as well as amendments 
to those reports, are available free of charge on our internet website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file 
such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may review and copy any of the information 
we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission at the Commission's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, 
DC 20549. You may obtain information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Securities and 
Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains an internet site that contains 
reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the Commission 
at http://www.sec.gov.

16

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

We have made forward-looking statements in this Report and make forward-looking statements in our press releases and 
conference calls that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include information that is not purely 
historic fact and include, without limitation, statements concerning our financial outlook for 2014 and beyond, our possible or 
assumed future results of operations generally, and other statements and information regarding assumptions about our revenues, 
EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP net income per share, net income per share, fully diluted net 
income  per  share,  weighted-average  outstanding  shares,  taxable  income,  cash  flow  from  operating  activities,  available  cash, 
operating  costs,  amortization  expense,  intangible  asset  recovery,  capital  and  other  expenditures,  effective  tax  rate,  equity 
compensation  charges,  future  taxable  income,  purchase  amortization,  the  anticipated  benefits  of  completed  acquisitions,  the 
anticipated benefits of cross-selling efforts, the timing of future payments of principal under our $175.0 million term loan facility 
available  to  us  under  a  credit  agreement  (as  amended,  the  “Credit Agreement”),  expectations  regarding  our  compliance  with 
financial  and  restrictive  covenants  in  our  Credit  Agreement,  acquisitions,  financing  plans,  geographic  expansion,  product 
development  and  release,  sales  and  marketing  campaigns,  product  integrations,  elimination  and  de-emphasizing  of  services, 
contract renewal rate, capital structure, contractual obligations, legal proceedings and claims, our database, database growth, 
services  and  facilities,  employee  relations,  future  economic  performance,  our  ability  to  liquidate  or  realize  our  long-term 
investments, management’s plans, goals and objectives for future operations, and growth and markets for our stock. Sections of 
this Report which contain forward-looking statements include “Business,” “Risk Factors,” “Properties,” “Legal Proceedings,” 
“Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations,”  “Quantitative  and  Qualitative 
Disclosures About Market Risk,” “Controls and Procedures” and the Financial Statements and related Notes.

Our forward-looking statements are also identified by words such as “hope,” “anticipate,” “may,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” 
“will,” “should,” “plan,” “estimate,” “predict,” “continue” and “potential” or the negative of these terms or other comparable 
terminology. You  should  understand  that  these  forward-looking  statements  are  estimates  reflecting  our  judgment,  beliefs  and 
expectations, not guarantees of future performance. They are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties that could 
cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. The following important 
factors, in addition to those discussed or referred to under the heading “Risk Factors,” and other unforeseen events or circumstances, 
could affect our future results and could cause those results or other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied 
in our forward-looking statements: commercial real estate market conditions; the pace of recovery in the commercial real estate 
market; general economic conditions; our ability to identify, acquire and integrate acquisition candidates; our ability to realize the 
expected benefits, cost savings or other synergies from acquisitions on a timely basis or at all; our ability to combine the acquired 
businesses successfully or in a timely and cost-efficient manner; business disruption relating to integration of acquired businesses; 
the amount of investment for sales and marketing related to cross-selling services of acquired businesses, the amount of investment 
for sales and marketing initiatives with respect to product enhancements and releases, and/or the amount of investment in CoStarGo 
or other marketing initiatives; the time and resources required to develop upgraded services and expansion of service offerings; 
changes or consolidations within the commercial real estate industry; customer retention; our ability to attract new clients; our 
ability to sell additional services to existing clients; our ability to integrate our U.S. and international product offerings; our ability 
to successfully introduce new products or upgraded services in U.S. and foreign markets; our ability to effectively and strategically 
combine, eliminate or de-emphasize service offerings; competition; foreign currency fluctuations; global credit market conditions 
affecting investments; our ability to continue to expand successfully, timely and in a cost-efficient manner, including internationally; 
our ability to effectively penetrate the market for retail real estate information and gain acceptance in that market; our ability to 
control costs; litigation; changes in accounting policies or practices; release of new and upgraded services or entry into new markets 
by us or our competitors; data quality; growth and development of our sales force; employee retention; technical problems with 
our services; managerial execution; changes in relationships with real estate brokers and other strategic partners; legal and regulatory 
issues; and successful adoption of and training on our services.

Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of, and are based on 
information available to us on, the date of this Report. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to 
us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred 
to in this section. We do not undertake any obligation to update any such statements or release publicly any revisions to these 
forward-looking statements to reflect new information or events or circumstances after the date of this Report or to reflect the 
occurrence of unanticipated events.

17

Risk Factors

Risks Related to our Business

Our revenues and financial position will be adversely affected if we are not able to attract and retain clients. Our success and 
revenues depend on attracting and retaining subscribers to our information, analytics and marketing services. Our subscription-
based information, analytics and marketing services generate the largest portion of our revenues. However, we may be unable to 
attract new clients, and our existing clients may decide not to add, not to renew or to cancel subscription services. In addition, in 
order to increase our revenue, we must continue to attract new customers, continue to keep our cancellation rate low and continue 
to sell new services to our existing customers. We may not be able to continue to grow our customer base, keep the cancellation 
rate for customers and services low or sell new services to existing customers as a result of several factors, including without 
limitation: economic pressures; the business failure of a current client or clients; a decision that customers have no need for our 
services; a decision to use alternative services; customers’ and potential customers’ pricing and budgetary constraints; consolidation 
in the real estate and/or financial services industries; data quality; technical problems; or competitive pressures. If clients cancel 
services or decide not to renew their subscription agreements, and we do not sell new services to our existing clients or attract 
new clients, then our renewal rate and revenues may decline.

A downturn or consolidation in the commercial real estate industry may decrease customer demand for our services. A reversal 
of recent improvements in the commercial real estate industry’s leasing activity and absorption rates or a renewed downturn in 
the commercial real estate market may affect our ability to generate revenues and may lead to more cancellations by our current 
or future customers, either of which could cause our revenues or our revenue growth rate to decline and reduce our profitability. 
A depressed commercial real estate market has a negative impact on our core customer base, which could decrease demand for 
our information, analytics and marketing services. Also, companies in this industry are consolidating, often in order to reduce 
expenses. Consolidation, or other cost-cutting measures by our customers, may lead to more cancellations of our information, 
analytics and marketing services by our customers, reduce the number of our existing clients, reduce the size of our target market 
or increase our clients’ bargaining power, all of which could cause our revenues to decline and reduce our profitability.

Negative general economic conditions could increase our expenses and reduce our revenues. Our business and the commercial 
real estate industry are particularly affected by negative trends in the general economy. The success of our business depends on a 
number of factors relating to general global, national, regional and local economic conditions, including perceived and actual 
economic  conditions,  recessions,  inflation,  deflation,  exchange  rates,  interest  rates,  taxation  policies,  availability  of  credit, 
employment levels, and wage and salary levels. Negative general economic conditions could adversely affect our business by 
reducing our revenues and profitability. If we experience greater cancellations or reductions of services and failures to timely pay, 
and we do not acquire new clients or sell new services to our existing clients, our revenues may decline and our financial position 
would be adversely affected.  Adverse national and global economic events, as well as any significant terrorist attack, are likely 
to have a dampening effect on the economy in general, which could negatively affect our financial performance and our stock 
price. Market disruptions may also contribute to extreme price and volume fluctuations in the stock market that may affect our 
stock price for reasons unrelated to our operating performance.  In addition, a significant increase in inflation could increase our 
expenses more rapidly than expected, the effect of which may not be offset by corresponding increases in revenue. Conversely, 
deflation resulting in a decline of prices could reduce our revenues. In the current economic environment, it is difficult to predict 
whether we will experience significant inflation or deflation in the near future. A significant increase in either could have an 
adverse effect on our results of operations.

If we are unable to hire qualified persons for, or retain and continue to develop, our sales force, or if our sales force is 
unproductive, our revenues could be adversely affected. In order to support revenues and future revenue growth, we need to 
continue to develop, train and retain our sales force. Our ability to build and develop a strong sales force may be affected by a 
number of factors, including: our ability to attract, integrate and motivate sales personnel; our ability to effectively train our sales 
force; the ability of our sales force to sell an increased number and different types of services; our ability to manage effectively 
an outbound telesales group; the length of time it takes new sales personnel to become productive; the competition we face from 
other companies in hiring and retaining sales personnel; our ability to effectively structure our sales force; and our ability to 
effectively manage a multi-location sales organization. If we are unable to hire qualified sales personnel and develop and retain 
the members of our sales force, including sales force management, or if our sales force is unproductive, our revenues or growth 
rate could decline and our expenses could increase. 

18

 
Our current or future geographic expansion plans may not result in increased revenues, which may negatively impact our 
business, results of operations and financial position. Expanding into new markets and investing resources towards increasing the 
depth of our coverage within existing markets imposes additional burdens on our research, systems development, sales, marketing 
and general managerial resources. During 2014, we plan to continue to increase the depth of our coverage in the U.S. and U.K., 
and we expect to expand into additional geographies including Toronto, Canada.  If we are unable to manage our expansion efforts 
effectively, if our expansion efforts take longer than planned or if our costs for these efforts exceed our expectations, our financial 
position could be adversely affected. In addition, if we incur significant costs to improve data quality within existing markets, or 
are not successful in marketing and selling our services in these markets or in new markets, our expansion may have a material 
adverse  effect  on  our  financial  position  by  increasing  our  expenses  without  increasing  our  revenues,  adversely  affecting  our 
profitability.

If we are not able to successfully finance and/or integrate acquisitions, our business operations and financial position could 
be adversely affected. We have expanded our markets and services in part through acquisitions of complementary businesses, 
services, databases and technologies, and expect to continue to do so in the future. Our strategy to acquire complementary companies 
or assets depends on our ability to identify, and the availability of, suitable acquisition candidates. We may incur costs in the 
preliminary stages of an acquisition, but may ultimately be unable or unwilling to consummate the proposed transaction for various 
reasons. In addition, acquisitions involve numerous risks, including the ability to realize or capitalize on synergy created through 
combinations; managing the integration of personnel and products; potential increases in operating costs; managing geographically 
remote operations; the diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns and potential disruptions in ongoing 
operations during integration; the inherent risks in entering markets and sectors in which we have either limited or no direct 
experience; and the potential loss of key employees, clients or vendors and other business partners of the acquired companies. We 
may not successfully integrate acquired businesses or assets and may not achieve anticipated benefits of an acquisition, including 
expected synergies. Acquisitions could result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt, one-time write-offs 
of goodwill and substantial amortization expenses of other intangible assets. We may be unable to obtain financing on favorable 
terms,  or  at  all,  if  necessary  to  finance  future  acquisitions  making  it  impossible  or  more  costly  to  acquire  complementary 
businesses. If we are able to obtain financing, the terms may be onerous and restrict our operations. Further, certain acquisitions 
may be subject to regulatory approval, which can be time consuming and costly to obtain, and the terms of such regulatory approvals 
may impose limitations on our ongoing operations or require us to divest assets or lines of business.

If we are not able to obtain and maintain accurate, comprehensive or reliable data, we could experience reduced demand for 
our information, analytics and marketing services. Our success depends on our clients’ confidence in the comprehensiveness, 
accuracy and reliability of the data and analysis we provide. The task of establishing and maintaining accurate and reliable data 
and  analysis  is  challenging.  If  our  data,  including  the  data  we  obtain  from  third  parties,  or  analysis  is  not  current,  accurate, 
comprehensive or reliable, we could experience reduced demand for our services or legal claims by our customers, which could 
result  in  lower  revenues  and  higher  expenses.  Our  U.S.  researchers  use  integrated  internal  research  processes  to  update  our 
database.  Any inefficiencies, errors, or technical problems with this application could reduce the quality of our data, which could 
result in reduced demand for our services, lower revenues and higher costs.

We may not be able to successfully introduce new or upgraded information, analytics and marketing services or combine or 
shift focus from services with less demand, which could decrease our revenues and our profitability. Our future business and 
financial success will depend on our ability to continue to anticipate the needs of, and to introduce new and upgraded services 
into  the  marketplace. To  be  successful,  we  must  adapt  to  changes  in  the  industry,  as  well  as  rapid  technological  changes  by 
continually enhancing our information, analytics and marketing services. Developing new services and upgrades to services, as 
well  as  integrating  and  coordinating  current  services,  imposes  heavy  burdens  on  our  systems  department,  management  and 
researchers. The processes are costly, and our efforts to develop, integrate and enhance our services may not be successful. As we 
continue to combine our operations with those that we have acquired, we must continue to assess the purposes for which various 
services may be used alone or together, and how we can best address those uses through stand-alone services or combinations or 
coordinating applications thereof. In addition, successfully launching and selling a new or upgraded service puts pressure on our 
sales and marketing resources. If we are unable to develop new or upgraded services or decide to combine, shift focus from, or 
phase out a service that overlaps or is redundant with other services we offer, then our customers may choose a competitive service 
over ours and our revenues may decline and our profitability may be reduced. In addition, if we incur significant costs in developing 
new or upgraded services or combining and coordinating existing services, are not successful in marketing and selling these new 
services or upgrades, or our customers fail to accept these new or combined and coordinating services, it could have a material 
adverse effect on our results of operations by decreasing our revenues and reducing our profitability.

19

Competition could render our services uncompetitive. The market for information systems and services in general is highly 
competitive and rapidly changing. Competition in this market may increase further as a result of current recessionary economic 
conditions, as customer bases and customer spending have decreased and service providers are competing for fewer customer 
resources. Our  existing  competitors,  or  future  competitors,  may  have  greater  name  recognition,  larger  customer  bases,  better 
technology or data, lower prices, easier access to data, greater user traffic or greater financial, technical or marketing resources 
than we have. Our competitors may be able to undertake more effective marketing campaigns, obtain more data, adopt more 
aggressive pricing policies, make more attractive offers to potential employees, subscribers, distribution partners and content 
providers or may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies or changes in user requirements. If we are 
unable to retain customers or obtain new customers, our revenues could decline. Increased competition could result in lower 
revenues and higher expenses, which would reduce our profitability.

Our focus on internal and external investments may place downward pressure on our operating margins. Over the past few 
years, we have increased the rate of investments in our business, including internal investments in product development and sales 
and marketing, to expand the breadth and depth of services we provide to our customers. Our investment strategy is intended to 
increase our revenue growth in the future as activity in the commercial real estate industry shows signs of economic recovery. Our 
operating margins may experience downward pressure in the short term as a result of investments. Furthermore, if the industry 
fails to stabilize or deteriorates further in 2014 and beyond, our investments may not have their intended effect. For instance, our 
external investments may lose value and we may incur impairment charges with respect to such investments. Such impairment 
charges may negatively impact our profitability. If we are unable to successfully execute our investment strategy or if we fail to 
adequately anticipate and address potential problems, we may experience decreases in our revenues and operating margins.

If we are unable to enforce or defend our ownership and use of intellectual property, our business, competitive position and 
operating results could be harmed. The success of our business depends in large part on the intellectual property involved in our 
methodologies,  database,  services  and  software. We  rely  on  a  combination  of  trade  secret,  patent,  copyright  and  other  laws, 
nondisclosure and noncompetition provisions, license agreements and other contractual provisions and technical measures to 
protect our intellectual property rights. However, current law may not provide for adequate protection of our databases and the 
actual data. In addition, legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability and scope of protection of proprietary rights in 
internet related businesses are uncertain and evolving, and changes in these standards may adversely impact the viability or value 
of our proprietary rights. Our business could  be significantly  harmed  if we are not able to protect our content and our other 
intellectual property. The same would be true if a court found that our services infringe other persons’ intellectual property rights. 
Any intellectual property lawsuits or threatened lawsuits in which we are involved, either as a plaintiff or as a defendant, could 
cost us a significant amount of time and money and distract management’s attention from operating our business. In addition, if 
we do not prevail on any intellectual property claims, this could result in a change to our methodology or information, analytics 
and marketing services and could reduce our profitability.

We may not be able to successfully halt the operation of websites that aggregate our data, as well as data from other companies, 
such as copycat websites that may misappropriate our data. Third parties may misappropriate our data through website scraping, 
robots or other means and aggregate this data on their websites with data from other companies. In addition, “copycat” websites 
may misappropriate data on our website and attempt to imitate our brand or the functionality of our website. We may not be able 
to detect all such websites in a timely manner and, even if we could, technological and legal measures may be insufficient to stop 
their operations. In some cases, particularly in the case of websites operating outside of the U.S., our available remedies may not 
be adequate to protect us against the misappropriation of our data. Regardless of whether we can successfully enforce our rights 
against the operators of these websites, any measures that we may take could require us to expend significant financial or other 
resources. 

Litigation or government investigations in which we become involved may significantly increase our expenses and adversely 
affect our stock price. Currently and from time to time, we are a party to various lawsuits. Any lawsuits, threatened lawsuits or 
government investigations in which we are involved could cost us a significant amount of time and money to defend, could distract 
management’s attention away from operating our business, could result in negative publicity and could adversely affect our stock 
price. In addition, if any claims are determined against us or if a settlement requires us to pay a large monetary amount or take 
other action that materially restricts or impedes our operations, our profitability could be significantly reduced and our financial 
position could be adversely affected. Our insurance may not be sufficient to cover any losses we incur in connection with litigation 
claims.

20

If we fail to protect confidential information against security breaches, or if customers or potential customers are reluctant 
to use our services because of privacy concerns, we might face additional costs and could lose customers or potential customers.  
We collect, use and disclose personally identifiable information, including among other things names, addresses, phone numbers, 
and  email  addresses.    In  certain  circumstances,  we  also  collect  and  use  credit  card  information.  Our  policies  concerning  the 
collection, use and disclosure of personally identifiable information are described on our websites. While we believe that our 
policies are appropriate and that we are in compliance with our policies, we could be subject to legal claims, government action 
or harm to our reputation if our practices fail, or are seen as failing, to comply with our policies or with applicable laws concerning 
personally identifiable information. 

We may be subject to legal liability for collecting, displaying or distributing information. Because the content in our database 
is  collected  from  various  sources  and  distributed  to  others,  we  may  be  subject  to  claims  for  breach  of  contract,  defamation, 
negligence, unfair competition or copyright or trademark infringement or claims based on other theories. We could also be subject 
to claims based upon the content that is accessible from our website through links to other websites or information on our website 
supplied by third parties. We could also be subject to claims that the collection or provision of certain information breached laws 
and regulations relating to privacy and data protection. Even if these claims do not result in liability to us, we could incur significant 
costs in investigating and defending against any claims. Our potential liability for information distributed by us to others could 
require us to implement measures to reduce our exposure to such liability, which may require us to expend substantial resources 
and limit the attractiveness of our information, analytics and marketing services to users.

Concern  of  prospective  customers  regarding  our  use  of  the  personal  information  collected  on  our  websites  could  keep 
prospective customers from subscribing to our services. Industry-wide incidents or incidents with respect to our websites, including 
misappropriation of third-party information, security breaches, or changes in industry standards, regulations or laws, could deter 
people from using the Internet or our websites to conduct transactions that involve the transmission of confidential information, 
which could harm our business. Under various state laws, if there is a breach of our computer systems and we know or suspect 
that unencrypted personal customer data has been stolen, we are required to inform any customers whose data was stolen, which 
could result in significant costs and harm our reputation and business. 

In addition, certain state laws require businesses that maintain personal information in electronic databases to implement 
reasonable  measures  to  keep  that  information  secure.  Various  states  have  enacted  different  and  sometimes  contradictory 
requirements  for  protecting  personal  information  collected  and  maintained  electronically.  Compliance  with  numerous  and 
contradictory requirements of the different states is particularly difficult for an online business such as ours which collects personal 
information from customers in multiple jurisdictions. 

We may face adverse publicity and loss of consumer confidence if we are not able to comply with laws requiring us to take 
adequate measures to assure the confidentiality of the personally identifiable information that our customers had given to us. This 
could result in a loss of customers and revenue that could jeopardize our success. Even if we are in full compliance with all relevant 
laws and regulations, we may face liability or disruption of business if we do not comply in every instance or if the security of 
the customer data that we collect is compromised, regardless of whether our practices comply or not. If we were required to pay 
any significant amount of money in satisfaction of claims under these laws, or if we were forced to suspend operations for any 
length of time due to our inability to comply fully with any such laws, our business, operating results and financial condition could 
be adversely affected. 

Our business depends on retaining and attracting highly capable management and operating personnel. Our success depends 
in large part on our ability to retain and attract management and operating personnel, including our President and Chief Executive 
Officer, Andrew  Florance,  and  our  other  officers  and  key  employees.  Our  business  requires  highly  skilled  technical,  sales, 
management, web development, marketing and research personnel, who are in high demand and are often subject to competing 
offers. To retain and attract key personnel, we use various measures, including employment agreements, awards under a stock 
incentive plan and incentive bonuses for key executive officers. These measures may not be enough to retain and attract the 
personnel we need or to offset the impact on our business of the loss of the services of Mr. Florance or other key officers or 
employees. 

21

An impairment in the carrying value of goodwill could negatively impact our consolidated results of operations and net worth. 
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested annually by each reporting unit on October 1 of 
each year for impairment and are tested for impairment more frequently based upon the existence of one or more indicators.  We 
consider  our  operating  segments,  U.S.  and  International,  as  our  reporting  units  under  Financial Accounting  Standards  Board 
(“FASB”) authoritative guidance for consideration of potential impairment of goodwill. We assess the impairment of long-lived 
assets, identifiable intangibles and goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may 
not be recoverable. Judgments made by management relate to the expected useful lives of long-lived assets and our ability to 
realize undiscounted cash flows of the carrying amounts of such assets. The accuracy of these judgments may be adversely affected 
by several factors, including the factors listed below:

• 
• 
• 
• 

Significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results;
Significant changes in the manner of our use of acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business;
Significant negative industry or economic trends; or
Significant decline in our market capitalization relative to net book value for a sustained period.

These types of events or indicators and the resulting impairment analysis could result in goodwill impairment charges in the 
future, which would reduce our profitability. Impairment charges could negatively affect our financial results in the periods of 
such charges, which may reduce our profitability. As of December 31, 2013, we had $718.6 million of goodwill, $692.6 million 
in our U.S. segment and $26.0 million in our International segment.  

As a result of the consolidation of certain of our facilities, we may incur additional costs.  We have taken, and may continue 
to take, actions that may increase our cost structure in the short-term but are intended to reduce certain portions of our long-term 
cost structure, such as consolidation of office space. As a result of consolidation of office space, we may reduce our long-term 
occupancy costs, but incur restructuring charges. If our long-term cost reduction efforts are ineffective or our estimates of cost 
savings are inaccurate, our profitability could be negatively impacted. Expected savings from relocating facilities can be highly 
variable and uncertain. Further, we may not be successful in achieving the operating efficiencies or operating cost reductions 
expected from these efforts in the amounts or at the times we anticipate.

If we are unable to obtain or retain listings from commercial real estate brokers, agents, and property owners, our commercial 
real  estate  ("CRE")  marketplace  services,  including  but  not  limited  to  the  LoopNet  marketplace,  CoStar  Showcase, 
LandandFarm.com and Lands of America, could be less attractive to current or potential customers, which could reduce our 
revenues. The value of our CRE marketplace services to our customers depends on our ability to increase the number of property 
listings provided and searches conducted. The success of our CRE marketplace services depends substantially on the number of 
commercial real estate property listings submitted by brokers, agents and property owners. This is because an increase in the 
number of listings increases the utility of the online service and of its associated search, listing and marketing services. If agents 
marketing large numbers of property listings, such as large brokers in key real estate markets, choose not to continue their listings 
with us, or choose to list them with a competitor, our CRE marketplace services could be less attractive to other real estate industry 
transaction  participants,  resulting  in  reduced  revenue.  Similarly,  the  value  and  utility  of  our  other  marketplaces,  including 
BizBuySell and BizQuest, are also dependent on attracting and retaining listings.

If we are unable to convince commercial real estate professionals that our CRE marketplace services are superior to traditional 
methods of listing, searching, and marketing commercial real estate, they could choose not to use those services, which could 
reduce our revenues or increase our expenses. The primary source of new customers for our CRE marketplace services is participants 
in the commercial real estate community. Many commercial real estate professionals are used to listing, searching and marketing 
real estate in traditional and off-line ways, such as by distributing print brochures, sharing written lists, placing signs on properties, 
word-of-mouth, and newspaper advertisements. Commercial real estate and investment professionals may prefer to continue to 
use traditional methods or may be slow to adopt and accept our online products and services. If we are not able to persuade 
commercial real estate participants of the efficacy of our online products and services, they may choose not to use our CRE 
marketplace  services,  which  could  negatively  impact  our  business.    Similarly,  if  we  are  unable  to  convince  the  business  and 
investment community to utilize our online business for sale marketplaces rather than traditional methods of listing and marketing 
businesses for sale, our revenues could be negatively affected.

The number of LoopNet's registered members is higher than the number of actual members. The number of registered members 
in LoopNet's network is higher than the number of actual members because some members have multiple registrations or others 
may have registered under fictitious names. Given the challenges inherent in identifying these accounts, we do not have a reliable 
system to accurately identify the number of actual members, and thus we rely on the number of registered members as a measure 
of the size of the LoopNet marketplace. If the number of LoopNet's actual members does not continue to grow and those members 
do not convert to premium members, then the LoopNet marketplace business may not grow as fast as we expect, which could 
harm our operating and financial results.

22

If we are unable to increase our revenues or our operating costs are higher than expected, our profitability may decline and 
our operating results may fluctuate significantly. We may not be able to accurately forecast our revenues or future revenue growth 
rate. Many of our expenses, particularly personnel costs and occupancy costs, are relatively fixed. As a result, we may not be able 
to adjust spending quickly enough to offset any unexpected increase in expenses or revenue shortfall. We may experience higher 
than expected operating costs, including increased personnel costs, occupancy costs, selling and marketing costs, investments in 
geographic expansion, acquisition costs, communications costs, travel costs, software development costs, professional fees and 
other costs. If operating costs exceed our expectations and cannot be adjusted accordingly, our profitability may be reduced and 
our results of operations and financial position will be adversely affected. Additionally, we may not be able to sustain our historic 
revenue growth rates, and our percentage revenue growth rates may decline. Our ability to increase our revenues and operating 
profit will depend on increased demand for our services. Our sales are affected by, among other things, general economic and 
commercial real estate conditions. Reduced demand, whether due to changes in customer preference, a further weakening of the 
U.S. or global economy, competition or other reasons, may result in decreased revenue and growth, adversely affecting our operating 
results.

International operations expose us to additional business risks, which may reduce our profitability. Our international operations 
and expansion subject us to additional business risks, including: currency exchange rate fluctuations; adapting to the differing 
business practices and laws in foreign countries; difficulties in managing foreign operations; limited protection for intellectual 
property rights in some countries; difficulty in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods; costs of enforcing 
contractual obligations; impact of recessions in economies outside the U.S.; and potentially adverse tax consequences. In addition, 
international expansion imposes additional burdens on our executive and administrative personnel, systems development, research 
and sales departments, and general managerial resources. If we are not able to manage our international operations successfully, 
we may incur higher expenses and our profitability may be reduced. Finally, the investment required for additional international 
expansion could exceed the profit generated from such expansion, which would reduce our profitability and adversely affect our 
financial position.

Fluctuating foreign currencies may negatively impact our business, results of operations and financial position. Due to our 
acquisitions of CoStar U.K. Limited (formerly FOCUS Information Limited), Grecam S.A.S., and Property and Portfolio Research 
Ltd., a portion of our business is denominated in the British Pound and Euro. If we expand into Canada as expected, a portion of 
our business will be denominated in Canadian dollars. As a result, fluctuations in foreign currencies may have an impact on our 
business,  results  of  operations  and  financial  position. Foreign  currency  exchange  rates  have  fluctuated  and  may  continue  to 
fluctuate. Significant foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations may negatively impact our international revenue, which in turn 
affects  our  consolidated  revenue. Currencies  may  be  affected  by  internal  factors,  general  economic  conditions  and  external 
developments in other countries, all of which can have an adverse impact on a country’s currency. Currently, we are not party to 
any  hedging  transactions  intended  to  reduce  our  exposure  to  exchange  rate  fluctuations. We  may  seek  to  enter  into  hedging 
transactions in the future, but we may be unable to enter into these transactions successfully, on acceptable terms or at all. We 
cannot predict whether we will incur foreign exchange losses in the future. Further, significant foreign exchange fluctuations 
resulting in a decline in the respective, local currency may decrease the value of our foreign assets, as well as decrease our revenues 
and earnings from our foreign subsidiaries, which would reduce our profitability and adversely affect our financial position.

Our expansion into the commercial real estate analytics sector may not be successful or may not result in increased revenues, 
which may negatively impact our business, results of operations and financial position. Expanding into the commercial real estate 
market research and forecasting sector has imposed and may continue to impose additional burdens on our research, systems 
development, sales, marketing and general management resources. During 2014, we expect to continue to expand our presence 
in the commercial real estate analytics sector. If we are unable to manage this expansion effectively or if our costs for this effort 
exceed our expectations, our financial position could be adversely affected.  In addition, if we incur additional costs to expand 
our analytics services and we are not successful in marketing or selling these expanded services, our expansion may have a material 
adverse  effect  on  our  financial  position  by  increasing  our  expenses  without  increasing  our  revenues,  adversely  affecting  our 
profitability.

23

Our indebtedness could adversely affect us, including by decreasing our business flexibility and increasing our costs. On 
February 16, 2012, we entered into a Credit Agreement by and among CoStar, as borrower, CoStar Realty Information, Inc., as 
co-borrower, the lenders from time to time party thereto and J.P. Morgan Bank, as administrative agent.  The Credit Agreement 
provides for a $175.0 million term loan facility and a $50.0 million revolving credit facility, each with a term of five years. On 
April 30, 2012, we used the proceeds of the $175.0 million term loan facility to fund a portion of the merger consideration and 
transaction costs for the LoopNet acquisition.  The Credit Agreement contains customary restrictive covenants imposing operating 
and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions that may limit our ability to engage in acts that we believe may be in our 
long-term best interests. These covenants restrict our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries (i) to incur additional indebtedness, 
(ii) to create, incur, assume or permit to exist any liens, (iii) to enter into mergers, consolidations or similar transactions, (iv) to 
make investments and acquisitions, (v) to make certain dispositions of assets, (vi) to make dividends, distributions and prepayments 
of certain indebtedness, and (vii) to enter into certain transactions with affiliates.

The operating restrictions and financial covenants in the Credit Agreement and any future financing agreements may limit 
our ability to finance future operations or capital needs, to engage in other business activities or to respond to changes in market 
conditions. Our ability to comply with any financial covenants could be materially affected by events beyond our control. If we 
fail to comply with these covenants, we may need to seek waivers or amendments of such covenants, seek alternative or additional 
sources of financing or reduce our expenditures. We may be unable to obtain such waivers, amendments or alternative or additional 
financing on a timely basis or at all, or on favorable terms.

We are required to make periodic principal and interest payments pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement.  If an event 
of default occurs, the lenders under the Credit Agreement may declare all outstanding borrowings, together with accrued interest 
and other fees, to be immediately due and payable and may exercise remedies in respect of the collateral. We may not be able to 
repay all amounts due under the Credit Agreement in the event these amounts are declared due upon an event of default. 

Negative conditions in the global credit markets may affect the liquidity of a portion of our long-term investments.  Currently, 
our long-term investments include mostly AAA-rated auction rate securities (“ARS”), which are primarily student loan securities 
supported by guarantees from the Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”) of the U.S. Department of Education. 
Continuing negative conditions in the global credit markets have prevented some investors from liquidating their holdings of 
auction rate securities because the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the amount of purchase orders for such 
securities. As of December 31, 2013, we held $24.3 million par value of ARS, all of which failed to settle at auctions. When an 
auction fails for ARS in which we have invested, we may be unable to liquidate some or all of these securities at par. In the event 
we need or desire to immediately access these funds, we will not be able to do so until a future auction on these investments is 
successful, a buyer is found outside the auction process or an alternative action is determined. If a buyer is found but is unwilling 
to purchase the investments at par, we may incur a loss, which would reduce our profitability and adversely affect our financial 
position.

Our ARS investments are not currently actively trading and therefore do not currently have a readily determinable market 
value. The estimated fair value of the ARS no longer approximates par value. We have used a discounted cash flow model to 
determine the estimated fair value of our investment in ARS as of December 31, 2013. The assumptions used in preparing the 
discounted cash flow model include estimates for interest rates, credit spreads, timing and amount of cash flows, liquidity risk 
premiums, expected holding periods and default risk of the ARS. We update the discounted cash flow model on a quarterly basis 
to reflect any changes in the assumptions used in the model and settlements of ARS investments that occurred during the period. 
Based on this assessment of fair value, as of December 31, 2013, we determined there was a decline in the fair value of our ARS 
investments of approximately $1.5 million. The decline was deemed to be a temporary impairment and was recorded as an unrealized 
loss in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. If the issuers of these ARS are unable to successfully close 
future auctions and/or their credit ratings deteriorate, we may be required to record additional unrealized losses in accumulated 
other comprehensive loss or an other-than-temporary impairment charge to earnings on these investments, which would reduce 
our profitability and adversely affect our financial position.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to determine the fair value of the ARS. We do 
not expect any material changes in the near term to the underlying assumptions used to determine the unobservable inputs used 
to calculate the fair value of the ARS as of December 31, 2013. However, if changes in these assumptions occur, and, should those 
changes be significant, we may be required to record additional unrealized losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss or an 
other-than-temporary impairment charge to earnings on these investments.

24

U.S. political, credit and financial market conditions may negatively impact or impair the value of our current portfolio of 
cash, cash equivalents and investments, including U.S. Treasury securities and U.S.-backed investments, as well as our access to 
credit. Our cash, cash equivalents and investments are held in a variety of common financial instruments, including U.S. treasury 
securities. Deterioration in the U.S. credit and financial markets may result in losses or deterioration in the fair value of our cash, 
cash equivalents, or investments.  On August 5, 2011, Standard & Poor’s lowered its long term sovereign credit rating on the U.S. 
from AAA to AA+. This downgrade, and any future downgrades of the U.S. credit rating, could impact the stability of future U.S. 
treasury auctions, affect the trading market for U.S. government securities, result in increased interest rates and impair access to 
credit. These factors could negatively impact the liquidity or valuation of our current portfolio of cash, cash equivalents, and 
investments, which may affect our ability to fund future obligations. Further, these factors may result in an increase in interest 
rates and borrowing costs and make it more difficult to obtain credit on acceptable terms, which may affect our ability to fund 
future obligations and increase the costs of obtaining financing for future obligations.

Technical problems that affect either our customers’ ability to access our services, or the software, internal applications and 
systems underlying our services, could lead to reduced demand for our information, analytics and marketing services, lower 
revenues and increased costs. Our business increasingly depends upon the satisfactory performance, reliability and availability 
of our website, the Internet and our service providers. Problems with our website, the Internet or the services provided by our local 
exchange carriers or internet service providers could result in slower connections for our customers or interfere with our customers’ 
access to our information, analytics and marketing services. If we experience technical problems in distributing our services, we 
could  experience  reduced  demand  for  our  information,  analytics  and  marketing  services.  In  addition,  the  software,  internal 
applications and systems underlying our services are complex and may not be efficient or error-free. Our careful development and 
testing may not be sufficient to ensure that we will not encounter technical problems when we attempt to enhance our software, 
internal applications and systems. Any inefficiencies, errors or technical problems with our software, internal applications and 
systems could reduce the quality of our services or interfere with our customers’ access to our information, analytics and marketing 
services, which could reduce the demand for our services, lower our revenues and increase our costs.

Temporary or permanent outages of our computers, software or telecommunications equipment could lead to reduced demand 
for our information, analytics and marketing services, lower revenues and increased costs. Our operations depend on our ability 
to protect our databases, computers and software, telecommunications equipment and facilities against damage from potential 
dangers such as fire, power loss, security breaches, computer viruses and telecommunications failures. Any temporary or permanent 
loss of one or more of these systems or facilities from an accident, equipment malfunction or some other cause could harm our 
business. If we experience a failure that prevents us from delivering our information, analytics and marketing services to clients, 
we could experience reduced demand for our information, analytics and marketing services, lower revenues and increased costs.

25

Our operating results and revenues are subject to fluctuations and our quarterly financial results may be subject to seasonality 
and market cyclicality, each of which could cause our stock price to be negatively affected. The commercial real estate market 
may be influenced by general economic conditions, economic cycles, annual seasonality factors and many other factors, which 
in turn may impact our financial results. The market is large and fragmented. The different sectors of the industry, such as office, 
industrial, retail, multi-family, and others, are influenced differently by different factors, and have historically moved through 
economic cycles with different timing. As such, it is difficult to estimate the potential impact of economic cycles and conditions 
or seasonality from year-to-year on our overall operating results. In addition, our results may be impacted by seasonality. The 
timing of widely observed holidays and vacation periods, particularly slow downs during the end-of-year holiday period, and 
availability of real estate agents and related service providers during these periods, could significantly affect our quarterly operating 
results during that period. If we are unable to adequately respond to economic, seasonal or cyclical conditions, our revenues, 
expenses and operating results may fluctuate from quarter to quarter. Our operating results, revenues and expenses may fluctuate 
for many reasons, including those described below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K: 

•  Rates of subscriber adoption and retention;
•  Timing of our sales conference or significant marketing events;
•  A slow-down during the end-of-year holiday period;
•  Changes in our pricing strategy and timing of changes;
•  The timing and success of new service introductions and enhancements; 
•  The shift of focus from, or phase out of services that overlap or are redundant with other services we offer;
•  The amount and timing of our operating expenses and capital expenditures;
•  Our ability to control expenses;
•  The amount and timing of non-cash stock-based charges;
•  Costs related to acquisitions of businesses or technologies or impairment charges associated with such investments and 

acquisitions;
•  Competition; 
•  Changes or consolidation in the real estate industry; 
•  Our investments in geographic expansion and to increase coverage in existing markets; 
• 
• 
•  The development of our sales force; 
• 
• 
•  Changes in client budgets.  

Interest rate fluctuations; 
Successful execution of our expansion and integration plans; 

Foreign currency and exchange rate fluctuations; 
Inflation; and

These fluctuations or seasonality effects could negatively affect our results of operations during the period in question and/
or future periods or cause our stock price to decline. In addition, changes in accounting policies or practices may affect our level 
of net income. Fluctuations in our financial results, revenues and expenses may cause the market price of our common stock to 
decline.

The consent order approved by the Federal Trade Commission in connection with the LoopNet merger imposes conditions 
that could have an adverse effect on us and our business, and failure to comply with the terms of the consent order may result in 
adverse consequences for the combined company.  On April 26, 2012, the FTC accepted the consent order in connection with the 
LoopNet merger that was previously agreed to between and among the FTC staff, CoStar, and LoopNet on April 17, 2012.  The 
consent order was subject to a 30-day public comment period, and on August 29, 2012, the FTC issued its final acceptance of the 
consent order.

The consent order, which is publicly available on the FTC's website at www.ftc.gov, requires CoStar to maintain certain 
business practices that the FTC believes are pro-competitive.  For example, the consent order requires CoStar to maintain its 
customary practice of selling its products separately and on a market-by-market basis.  It also requires CoStar to license its products 
to customers who have bought its competitors' products on a non-discriminatory basis.  In addition, CoStar is required to maintain 
its customary licensing practices with respect to the length of its contracts, to allow customers with multi-year contracts to cancel 
with one year's advance notice, and to agree to reduce the cost of any litigation with customers by offering to arbitrate certain 
disputes.  In the event that CoStar fails or is unable to comply with the terms of the consent order, CoStar could be subject to an 
enforcement proceeding that could result in substantial fines and/or injunctive relief.  Further, the provisions of the consent order 
may result in unanticipated adverse effects on the combined company and, therefore, reduce our ability to realize the anticipated 
benefits of the merger.  For example, the terms of the consent order that require us to continue to sell our products separately may 
prohibit us from combining or eliminating certain business lines, products or services that we believe will result in a long-term 
positive impact on our revenue and earnings. 

26

 
We have incurred and will continue to incur acquisition-related costs.  We have incurred severance costs and expect to incur 
additional costs to integrate prior acquisitions, such as IT integration expenses and costs related to the renegotiation of redundant 
vendor agreements. Costs in connection with acquisitions and integrations may be higher than expected, and we may also incur 
unanticipated acquisition-related costs. These costs could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operation or prospects 
of the combined business. 

Changes in accounting and reporting policies or practices may affect our financial results or presentation of results, which 
may affect our stock price. Changes in accounting and reporting policies or practices could reduce our net income, which reductions 
may be independent of changes in our operations. These reductions in reported net income could cause our stock price to decline.  For 
example, in 2006, we adopted authoritative guidance for stock compensation, which required us to expense the value of granted 
stock options.

Market volatility may have an adverse effect on our stock price. The trading price of our common stock has fluctuated widely 
in the past, and we expect that it will continue to fluctuate in the future. The price could fluctuate widely based on numerous 
factors, including: economic factors; quarter-to-quarter variations in our operating results; changes in analysts’ estimates of our 
earnings;  announcements  by  us  or  our  competitors  of  technological  innovations  or  new  services;  general  conditions  in  the 
commercial real estate industry; developments or disputes concerning copyrights or proprietary rights or other legal proceedings; 
and regulatory developments. In addition, the stock market in general, and the shares of internet-related and other technology 
companies in particular, have experienced extreme price fluctuations. This volatility has had a substantial effect on the market 
prices of securities issued by many companies for reasons unrelated to the operating performance of the specific companies and 
may have the same effect on the market price of our common stock.

Item 1B. 

Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. 

Properties

Our headquarters is located at 1331 L Street, NW, in downtown Washington, DC, where we occupy approximately 149,500 
square feet of office space. Our lease for our headquarters expires May 31, 2025 (with two 5-year renewal options). Our principal 
facility in the U.K. is located in London, England, where we occupy approximately 7,000 square feet of office space. Our lease 
for this facility has a maximum term ending July 8, 2023, with early termination at our option on July 9, 2018, with advance notice. 
This facility is used primarily by our International segment.

In addition to our two downtown Washington, DC leased facilities and our London, England facility, our research operations 
are principally run out of leased spaces in San Diego, California; Columbia, Maryland; Atlanta, Georgia; Glasgow, Scotland; and 
Paris, France. Additionally, we lease office space in a variety of other metropolitan areas. These locations include, without limitation, 
the following: New York; Los Angeles; Chicago; San Francisco; Sacramento; Boston; Orange County, California; Philadelphia; 
Houston; Phoenix; Detroit; Pittsburgh; Miami; Orlando; Denver; Dallas; Kansas City; Cleveland; Cincinnati; Indianapolis; Austin; 
Salt Lake City; Las Vegas; Seattle; Portland; St. Louis; Glendora, California; San Luis Obispo, California; Charlotte; Durham, 
North Carolina; Manchester, England and Toronto, Canada. 

We believe these facilities are suitable and appropriately support our business needs.

Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings

Currently, and from time to time, we are involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of our business. Certain pending legal 
proceedings are discussed in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K. We are not a party to any lawsuit or proceeding that, in the opinion of our management based on consultations with legal 
counsel, is likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

Item 4. 

Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

27

PART II

Item 5. 

Market for the Registrant’s Common Stock, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities

Price Range of Common Stock. Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “CSGP.” 
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low daily closing prices per share of our common stock, as 
reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market.

Year Ended December 31, 2012
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

Year Ended December 31, 2013
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

High

Low

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

69.86
81.20
85.40
89.54

109.46
129.51
170.09
186.62

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

56.67
67.26
77.79
77.06

89.28
105.73
131.03
161.29

As of February 3, 2014, there were 797 holders of record of our common stock.

Dividend Policy. We have never declared or paid any dividends on our common stock. Our Credit Agreement includes covenants 
that, subject to certain exceptions, restrict our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or distributions. Any 
future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors, subject to applicable limitations under 
Delaware law, and will be dependent upon our results of operations, financial position and other factors deemed relevant by our 
Board of Directors. We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock during the foreseeable future, but intend to 
retain any earnings for future growth of our business.

Recent Issues of Unregistered Securities. We did not issue any unregistered securities during the year ended December 31, 

2013.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.    The following table is a summary of our repurchases of common stock during each 

of the three months in the quarter ended December 31, 2013:

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 Month, 2013
October 1 through 31

November 1 through 30

December 1 through 31

Total

Total Number of
Shares
Purchased

Average Price Paid
per Share

—

—
4,948

4,948

—

—
$183.12

$183.12

(1)

Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs

Maximum Number of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1) The number of shares purchased consists of shares of common stock tendered by employees to the Company to satisfy the 
employees’ minimum tax withholding obligations arising as a result of vesting of restricted stock grants under the Company’s 
2007 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, which shares were purchased by the Company based on their fair market value on 
the vesting date. None of these share purchases were part of a publicly announced program to purchase common stock of the 
Company.

28

 
 
 
 
 
Stock Price Performance Graph

The stock performance graph below shows how an initial investment of $100 in our common stock would have compared to:

•  An equal investment in the Standards & Poor's Stock 500 (“S&P 500”) Index;

•  An equal investment in the S&P 500 Internet Software & Services Index; and

The  comparison  covers  the  period  beginning  December 31,  2008,  and  ending  on  December 31,  2013,  and  assumes  the 
reinvestment of any dividends. You should note that this performance is historical and is not necessarily indicative of future price 
performance.

Company / Index
CoStar Group, Inc.
S&P 500 Index
S&P 500 Internet Software & Services Index

12/31/08
100
100
100

12/31/09
126.81
126.46
184.67

12/31/10
174.74
145.51
189.39

12/31/11
202.58
148.59
199.35

12/31/12
271.31
172.37
238.88

12/31/13
560.35
228.19
355.42

29

Item 6. 

Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Data

Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Data
(in thousands, except per share data and other operating data)

The following table provides selected consolidated financial and other operating data for the five years ended December 31, 
2013. The consolidated statement of operations data shown below for each of the three years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, 
and 2013 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are derived from audited consolidated financial 
statements that are included in this report. The consolidated statement of operations data for each of the years ended December 31, 
2009 and 2010 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2009, 2010, and 2011 shown below are derived from 
audited  consolidated  financial  statements  for  those  years  that  are  not  included  in  this  report.  Information  about  prior  period 
acquisitions that may affect the comparability of the selected financial information presented below is included in "Item 1. Business."

Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
Revenues
Cost of revenues
Gross margin
Operating expenses
Income from operations
Interest and other income
Interest and other expense
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense, net
Net income
Net income per share — basic 
Net income per share — diluted
Weighted average shares outstanding — basic
Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
Cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term
investments
Working capital
Total assets
Total long-term liabilities
Stockholders’ equity

$

$
$
$

$

2009
209,659
73,714
135,945
104,110
31,835
1,253
—
33,088
14,395
18,693
0.95
0.94
19,780
19,925

$

$
$
$

$

$

Year Ended December 31,
2011
251,738
88,167
163,571
141,800
21,771
798
—
22,569
7,913
14,656
0.63
0.62
23,131
23,527

2010
226,260
83,599
142,661
119,886
22,775
735
—
23,510
10,221
13,289
0.65
0.64
20,330
20,707

2012
349,936
114,866
235,070
207,630
27,440
526
(4,832)
23,134
13,219
9,915
0.37
0.37
26,533
26,949

$
$
$

$
$
$

$

$
$
$

2013
440,943
129,185
311,758
257,604
54,154
326
(6,943)
47,537
17,803
29,734
1.07
1.05
27,670
28,212

2009

2010

As of December 31,
2011

2012

2013

$

$

255,698
203,660
404,579
1,826
359,006

239,316
188,279
439,648
7,252
381,502

573,379
521,401
771,035
50,076
659,177

$

177,726
97,925
1,165,139
237,158
826,343

$

277,943
196,913
1,256,982
217,567
927,862

30

 
 
Item 7. 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains “forward-
looking statements,” including statements about our beliefs and expectations. There are many risks and uncertainties that could 
cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Potential factors that could cause 
actual results to differ materially from those discussed in any forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those 
stated above in Item 1A. under the headings “Risk Factors - Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” and 
“- Risk Factors,” as well as those described from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

All forward-looking statements are based on information available to us on the date of this filing and we assume no obligation 
to update such statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The following discussion should be 
read in conjunction with our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other filings with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K.

Overview

CoStar Group, Inc. (the “Company” or “CoStar”) is the number one provider of information, analytics and marketing services 
to the commercial real estate industry in the United States ("U.S.") and the United Kingdom ("U.K.") based on the fact that we 
offer the most comprehensive commercial real estate database available; have the largest research department in the industry; own 
and operate the leading online marketplace for commercial real estate in the U.S. based on the number of unique visitors per 
month; provide more information, analytics and marketing services than any of our competitors and believe that we generate more 
revenues  than  any  of  our  competitors. We  have  created  and  compiled  our  standardized  information,  analytics  and  marketing 
platform where members of the commercial real estate and related business community can continuously interact and facilitate 
transactions by efficiently exchanging accurate and standardized commercial real estate information. Our integrated suite of online 
service offerings includes information about space available for lease, comparable sales information, information about properties 
for sale, tenant information, internet marketing services, analytical capabilities, information for clients' websites, information about 
industry professionals and their business relationships, data integration and industry news. 

LoopNet, our subsidiary, operates an online marketplace that enables property owners, landlords, and commercial real estate 
agents working on their behalf to list properties for sale or for lease and to submit detailed information about property listings. 
Commercial real estate agents, buyers and tenants also use LoopNet's online marketplace to search for available property listings 
that meet their criteria. 

We also provide market research and analysis for commercial real estate investors and lenders via our Property and Portfolio 
Research (“PPR”) service offerings, portfolio and debt management and reporting capabilities through our Resolve Technology 
service offerings, and real estate and lease management solutions, including lease administration and abstraction services, through 
our Virtual Premise service offerings. 

Our service offerings span all commercial property types, including office, industrial, retail, land, mixed-use, hospitality and 

multifamily.

Subscription-Based Services

Our subscription-based information services consist primarily of CoStar SuiteTM and FOCUSTM services. CoStar Suite is sold 
as a platform of service offerings consisting of CoStar Property Professional®, CoStar COMPS Professional® and CoStar Tenant® 
and through our mobile application, CoStarGo®. CoStar Suite is our primary service offering in our U.S. operating segment. 
FOCUS is our primary service offering in our International operating segment. Additionally, we introduced CoStar Suite in the 
U.K. in the fourth quarter of 2012 and no longer offered FOCUS to new clients beginning in 2013.

Our subscription-based services consist primarily of similar services offered over the Internet to commercial real estate industry 
and related professionals. Our services are typically distributed to our clients under subscription-based license agreements that 
renew automatically, a majority of which have a term of one year. Upon renewal, many of the subscription contract rates may 
change in accordance with contract provisions or as a result of contract renegotiations. To encourage clients to use our services 
regularly, we generally charge a fixed monthly amount for our subscription-based information services rather than charging fees 
based on actual system usage. Contract rates are generally based on the number of sites, number of users, organization size, the 
client's business focus, geography and the number of services to which a client subscribes. Our subscription clients generally pay 
contract fees on a monthly basis, but in some cases may pay us on a quarterly or annual basis. 

31

As of December 31, 2012 and 2013, our annualized net new sales of subscription-based services on annual contracts were 
approximately $10.9 million and $15.8 million, respectively, calculated based on the annualized amount of change in our sales 
resulting from new annual subscription-based contracts or upsales on existing annual subscription-based contracts, less write 
downs and cancellations, for the period reported. We recognize subscription revenue on a straight-line basis over the life of the 
contract. Annual and quarterly advance payments result in deferred revenue, substantially reducing the working capital requirements 
generated by accounts receivable.

For the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2013, our contract renewal rate for existing CoStar subscription-based 
services was approximately 94% and 93%, respectively, and therefore our cancellation rate for those services was approximately 
6% and 7%, respectively, for the same time periods. Our contract renewal rate is a quantitative measurement that is typically 
closely correlated with our revenue results. As a result, management also believes that the rate may be a reliable indicator of short-
term and long-term performance. Our trailing twelve-month contract renewal rate may decline if, among other reasons, negative 
economic conditions lead to greater business failures and/or consolidations among our clients, reductions in customer spending, 
or decreases in our customer base. 

Expansion and Development

We expect to continue software development to improve existing services, introduce new services, integrate products and 
services,  cross-sell  existing  services,  and  expand  and  develop  supporting  technologies  for  our  research,  sales  and  marketing 
organizations. We are committed to supporting and improving our existing core information, news, analytic and marketing services. 

In October 2013, we introduced technology enhancements to CoStar Suite, our platform of service offerings consisting of 
CoStar Property Professional, CoStar COMPS Professional and CoStar Tenant. The enhancements improve CoStar Suite's user 
interface, search functionality and analytic capabilities. The newly introduced CoStar MultifamilyTM information search allows 
access to our extensive multifamily property database. In addition, we introduced CoStar Lease AnalysisTM, an integrated workflow 
tool that provides users a simple way to produce understandable cash flows for any proposed or existing lease.  We will continue 
software development on our new Lease Analysis workflow tool throughout 2014. We believe this greater functionality will make 
our  services  valuable  to  an  even  broader  audience  and  help  us  increase  sales  of  our  services  to  brokers,  banks,  owners  and 
institutional investors. Further, these technology enhancements are expected to drive continued revenue growth in 2014 and for 
the foreseeable future. We expect additional selling and marketing activities to promote our new service enhancements will result 
in increased expenses in 2014.  

In October 2013, we also released CoStarGo® 2.0, the next generation of our mobile application, which was launched in the 
U.S. on August 15, 2011 and introduced in the U.K. on November 5, 2012. CoStarGo is our iPad application that integrates and 
provides CoStar Suite subscribers mobile access to our comprehensive property, tenant and comparable sales information. CoStarGo 
2.0 adds powerful analytic capabilities to our comprehensive mobile solution.

We  have  introduced  enhancements  to  our  flagship  marketing  platform,  LoopNet.com.  For  example,  we  added  a  broker 
advertising service that allows brokers to purchase advertisements based on geographic and property type criteria. Additionally, 
we introduced ProVideo, a service that enables owners and brokers to enhance their listings with high quality videos of interior 
spaces, amenities and exterior features. We expect to continue software development to improve the LoopNet marketing platform 
in 2014.

We continue to integrate, develop and cross-sell the services offered by the companies we acquired, including LoopNet, Virtual 
Premise, Resolve Technology and PPR. In some cases, when integrating and coordinating our services and assessing industry 
needs, we may decide, or may have previously decided, to combine, shift focus from, de-emphasize, phase out, or eliminate a 
service that overlaps or is redundant with other services we offer. 

Our sales and marketing efforts have focused and will continue to focus on cross-selling and marketing our services. We 
recently implemented an automatic cross-selling initiative within the LoopNet marketplace. As searchers view properties within 
the LoopNet marketplace, a message may appear indicating that there are additional listings available within CoStar Suite with 
the same search criteria that they are not able to access under their current subscription. The message provides contact information, 
so that the customer can reach their customer service or sales representative and review the most appropriate service for their 
needs. Our goal is to upsell clients to the services that best meet their needs and to create further cross-selling revenue synergies. 
In addition, we have added a comparison feature to CoStarGo, which allows our sales force to demonstrate how many more 
properties a prospect could see with respect to a particular search area if that prospect were using CoStar Suite rather than the 
prospect’s current subscription with LoopNet.

32

Our revenues have increased as a result of the LoopNet merger and prior acquisitions, due to revenue from the acquired 
businesses and from cross-selling opportunities among the customers of CoStar and the acquired companies. As a result of cross 
selling CoStar's and LoopNet's complementary services, we began to achieve increased revenue synergies in 2013. We also incurred 
increased expenses associated with the related marketing and sales campaign in 2012 and during the first half of 2013. These 
initiatives resulted in revenue growth, and we expect they will continue to position the company for revenue growth during 2014 
and for the foreseeable future. 

We continue to integrate our international operations more fully with those in the U.S. We intend to continue to upgrade the 
platform of services and expand the coverage of our service offerings within our International segment. To further develop those 
initiatives, we introduced CoStar Suite in the U.K. during the fourth quarter of 2012 and no longer offered FOCUS to new clients 
beginning in 2013. CoStar Suite is sold as a consistent international platform of service offerings consisting of CoStar Property 
Professional, CoStar COMPS Professional and CoStar Tenant and through the Company's mobile application, CoStarGo. CoStarGo 
2.0 was released in the U.K. in October 2013 simultaneous with the release in the U.S. Additionally, we have upgraded our back-
end research operations, fulfillment and Customer Relationship Management (“CRM”) systems to support these new U.K. services. 
In order to implement these services in the U.K., we incurred increased development costs through 2012; however, development 
costs  incurred  by  the  International  segment  decreased  in  2013. The  International  operating  segment  continues  to  experience 
improved financial performance and most recently, during the three months ended December 31, 2013, International EBITDA 
increased to a positive amount as a result of increased revenue and decreased operating expenses.

In 2014, we expect to expand further internationally by offering our services in Toronto, Canada. We believe that our integration 
efforts and continued investments in our services, including expansion of our existing service offerings internationally, have created 
a  platform  for  long-term  revenue  growth.  We  expect  these  investments  to  result  in  further  penetration  of  our  international 
subscription-based information services and the successful cross-selling of our services to customers in existing markets.

We intend to continue to assess the need for additional investments in our business, in addition to the investments discussed 
above in order to develop and distribute new services within our current platform. Any future product development or expansion 
of services, combination and coordination of services or elimination of services could reduce our profitability and increase our 
capital expenditures. Therefore, while we expect current service offerings to remain profitable, driving overall earnings in 2014 
and providing substantial cash flow for our business, it is possible that any new investments, changes to our service offerings or 
other unforeseen events could cause us to generate losses and negative cash flow from operations in the future. Further, our credit 
facilities contain restrictive covenants that restrict our operations and use of our cash flow, which may prevent us from taking 
certain actions that we believe could increase our profitability or otherwise enhance our business. 

Market Conditions

In general, the current economic recovery has been slower than past economic recoveries. Job growth, in particular, has 
recovered more slowly than in past economic recoveries, and as a result, the improvement in the commercial real estate industry 
has been slower, especially with respect to the rental rate growth.  Continuing near-term risks related to lower-than-expected job 
growth, government fiscal challenges, and uncertainty over U.S. and global economic issues may impede the ability and willingness 
of clients to purchase services from us or result in reductions of services purchased. Additionally, since many of our clients use 
debt to finance a portion of their real estate purchases, material changes in interest rates and risk premiums could harm their ability 
to complete transactions, especially if the change was relatively rapid and unexpected. 

As  is  typical  of  this  point  in  the  economic  cycle,  business  consolidations,  and  in  some  circumstances,  business  failures, 
continue to occur. If cancellations, reductions of services, and failures to pay increase, and we are unable to offset the resulting 
decrease in revenue by increasing sales to new or existing customers, our revenues may decline or grow at lower rates. We compete 
against  many  other  commercial  real  estate  information,  analytics,  and  marketing  service  providers  for  business,  including 
competitors that offer rapidly changing methods of delivering real estate information. If customers choose to cancel our services 
because of cost cutting, desire to access real estate information through other delivery methods, or other reasons, our revenue 
could decline.

33

 
Financial Matters

Our financial reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Changes in exchange rates can significantly affect our reported results and 
consolidated trends. We believe that our increasing diversification beyond the U.S. economy through our international businesses 
benefits our stockholders over the long term. We also believe it is important to evaluate our operating results before and after the 
effect of currency changes, as it may provide a more accurate comparison of our results of operations over historical periods. 
Currency exchange rate volatility may continue, which may impact (either positively or negatively) our reported financial results 
and consolidated trends and period-to-period comparisons of our consolidated operations. 

We currently issue stock options and/or restricted stock to our officers, directors and employees, and as a result we record 
compensation expense in our consolidated statements of operations. The amount and timing of the compensation expense that we 
record depends on the amount and types of equity grants made. We plan to continue to use stock-based compensation for our 
officers, directors and employees, which may include, among other things, restricted stock, restricted stock units or stock option 
grants that typically will require us to record additional compensation expense in our consolidated statements of operations and 
reduce our net income.

In February 2012, the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors approved grants of restricted 
common stock to our executive officers that vest based on the achievement of CoStar performance conditions. Specifically, these 
shares of performance-based restricted common stock vest upon our achievement of $90.0 million of cumulative net income before 
interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") over a period of four consecutive calendar quarters, and are 
subject to forfeiture in the event the foregoing performance condition is not met by March 31, 2017. These awards support the 
Committee’s goals of aligning executive incentives with long-term stockholder value and ensuring that executive officers have a 
continuing stake in the long-term success of CoStar. In May and December of 2012, we granted additional shares of restricted 
common stock that vest based on the achievement of the same performance conditions to other key employees. We granted a total 
of  399,413  shares  of  performance-based  restricted  common  stock  during  the  year  ended  December 31,  2012.  There  was  no 
performance-based restricted common stock granted during the year ended December 31, 2013. All of the awards were made 
under the CoStar Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and pursuant to our standard form of restricted stock grant agreement. 
The number of shares granted was based on the fair market value of CoStar’s common stock on the grant date. As of March 31, 
2013, we initially determined that it was probable that the performance condition for these performance-based restricted common 
stock awards would be met by the March 31, 2017 forfeiture date. As of December 31, 2013, we reassessed the probability of 
achieving this performance condition and determined that it was still probable that the performance condition for these awards 
would be met by the March 31, 2017 forfeiture date, subject to certain approvals under the CoStar Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive 
Plan. As a result,we recorded a total of approximately $21.8 million of stock-based compensation expense related to performance-
based restricted common stock for the year ended December 31, 2013. There was no stock-based compensation expense related 
to performance-based restricted common stock recorded for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012.

Property Developments

As in the past, we expect to continue to identify new facilities and consolidate existing facilities to better accommodate the 
changing  demands  of  our  business  and  employees. As  a  result,  we  may  incur  additional  lease  restructuring  charges  for  the 
abandonment of certain lease space and the impairment of leasehold improvements. 

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  and  related  disclosures  in  conformity  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting 
principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during 
the  period  reported. The  following  accounting  policies  involve  a  “critical  accounting  estimate”  because  they  are  particularly 
dependent on estimates and assumptions made by management about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the accounting 
estimates are made. In addition, while we have used our best estimates based on facts and circumstances available to us at the 
time, different acceptable assumptions would yield different results. Changes in the accounting estimates are reasonably likely to 
occur from period to period, which may have a material impact on the presentation of our financial condition and results of 
operations. We review these estimates and assumptions periodically and reflect the effects of revisions in the period that they are 
determined to be necessary.

34

Fair Value of Auction Rate Securities

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction between market participants. There is a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which categorizes assets and liabilities by the 
inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active 
markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and 
Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own 
assumptions. Our Level 3 assets consist of auction rate securities (“ARS”), whose underlying assets are primarily student loan 
securities  supported  by  guarantees  from  the  Federal  Family  Education  Loan  Program  (“FFELP”)  of  the  U.S.  Department  of 
Education.

Our ARS investments are not currently actively trading and therefore do not currently have a readily determinable market 
value. The estimated fair value of the ARS no longer approximates par value. We have used a discounted cash flow model to 
determine the estimated fair value of our investment in ARS as of December 31, 2013. The assumptions used in preparing the 
discounted cash flow model include estimates for interest rates, credit spreads, timing and amount of contractual cash flows, 
liquidity risk premiums, expected holding periods and default risk of the ARS. We update the discounted cash flow model on a 
quarterly basis to reflect any changes in the assumptions used in the model and settlements of ARS investments that occurred 
during the period.  

The only significant unobservable input in the discounted cash flow model is the discount rate. The discount rate used represents 
our estimate of the yield expected by a market participant from the ARS investments. The weighted average discount rate used in 
the discounted cash flow model as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 was approximately 5.1% and 4.9%, respectively. Selecting 
another discount rate within the range used in the discounted cash flow model would not result in a significant change to the fair 
value of the ARS. 

Based on this assessment of fair value, as of December 31, 2013, we determined there was a decline in the fair value of our 
ARS  investments  of  approximately  $1.5  million. The  decline  was  deemed  to  be  a  temporary  impairment  and  recorded  as  an 
unrealized  loss  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  in  stockholders’  equity. If  the  issuers of  these ARS  are  unable  to 
successfully close future auctions and/or their credit ratings deteriorate, we may be required to record additional unrealized losses 
in accumulated other comprehensive loss or an other-than-temporary impairment charge to earnings on these investments, which 
would reduce our profitability and adversely affect our financial position.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to determine the fair value of the ARS. We do 
not expect any material changes in the near term to the underlying assumptions used to determine the unobservable inputs used 
to calculate the fair value of the ARS as of December 31, 2013. However, if changes in these assumptions occur, and, should those 
changes be significant, we may be exposed to additional unrealized losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss or an other-
than-temporary impairment charge to earnings on these investments.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for equity instruments issued in exchange for employee services using a fair-value based method and we recognize 
the fair value of such equity instruments as an expense in the consolidated statements of operations. We estimated the fair value 
of each option granted on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires us to estimate the dividend 
yield, expected volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected life of the stock option. These assumptions and the estimation of 
expected forfeitures are based on multiple factors, including historical employee behavior patterns of exercising options and post-
employment termination behavior, expected future employee option exercise patterns, and the historical volatility of our stock 
price. For equity instruments that vest based on performance, we assess the probability of the achievement of the performance 
conditions at the end of each reporting period, or more frequently based upon the occurrence of events that may change the 
probability of whether the performance conditions would be met. If our initial estimates of the achievement of the performance 
conditions change, the related stock-based compensation expense and timing of recognition may fluctuate from period to period 
based on those estimates. If the performance conditions are not met, no stock-based compensation expense will be recognized, 
and any previously recognized stock-based compensation expense will be reversed.  

We  do  not  expect  any  material  changes  in  the  near  term  to  the  underlying  assumptions  used  to  calculate  stock-based 
compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2013. However, if changes in these assumptions occur, and, should those 
changes be significant, they could have a material impact on our stock-based compensation expense.

35

Valuation of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets and Goodwill

We  assess  the  impairment  of  long-lived  assets,  identifiable  intangibles  and  goodwill  whenever  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Judgments made by management relate to the expected 
useful lives of long-lived assets and our ability to realize any undiscounted cash flows of the carrying amounts of such assets. The 
accuracy of these judgments may be adversely affected by several factors, including the factors listed below:

• 
• 
• 
• 

Significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results;
Significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business;
Significant negative industry or economic trends; or
Significant decline in our market capitalization relative to net book value for a sustained period.

When we determine that the carrying value of long-lived and identifiable intangible assets may not be recovered based upon 

the existence of one or more of the above indicators, we test for impairment.

Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets that are not subject to amortization are tested annually for impairment by each 
reporting unit on October 1 of each year and are also tested for impairment more frequently based upon the existence of one or 
more of the above indicators. We consider our operating segments, U.S. and International, as our reporting units under Financial 
Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") authoritative guidance for consideration of potential impairment of goodwill.

To determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test, we may first assess qualitative factors 
to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude 
that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount or if we elect not to assess 
qualitative factors, then we perform the two-step process. The first step is to determine the fair value of each reporting unit. We 
estimate the fair value of each reporting unit based on a projected discounted cash flow model that includes significant assumptions 
and estimates including our discount rate, growth rate and future financial performance. Assumptions about the discount rate are 
based on a weighted average cost of capital for comparable companies. Assumptions about the growth rate and future financial 
performance of a reporting unit are based on our forecasts, business plans, economic projections and anticipated future cash flows. 
Our assumptions regarding the future financial performance of the International reporting unit reflect our expectation as of October 
1, 2013, that revenues will increase as a result of further penetration of our international subscription-based information services 
and the successful cross-selling of our services to our customers in existing markets due to the release of our upgraded international 
platform and expansion of coverage of our international service offerings. These assumptions are subject to change from period 
to  period  and  could  be  adversely  impacted  by  the  uncertainty  surrounding  global  market  conditions,  commercial  real  estate 
conditions, and the competitive environment in which we operate. Changes in these or other factors could negatively affect our 
reporting units' fair value and potentially result in impairment charges. Such impairment charges could have an adverse effect on 
our results of operations.

The fair value of each reporting unit is compared to the carrying amount of the reporting unit. If the carrying value of the 
reporting unit exceeds the fair value, then the second step of the process is performed to measure the impairment loss. We measure 
impairment loss based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by our management to be 
commensurate with the risk in our current business model. As of October 1, 2013, the date of our most recent impairment analysis, 
the estimated fair value of each of our reporting units substantially exceeded the carrying value of our reporting units. There have 
been no events or changes in circumstances since the date of our impairment analysis on October 1, 2013 that would indicate that 
the carrying value of each reporting unit may not be recoverable.

To determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test for indefinite-lived intangible assets, we may 
first assess qualitative factors to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible 
assets is less than the carrying amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived 
intangible assets is less than the carrying amount or if we elect not to assess qualitative factors, then we perform the quantitative 
impairment test similar to the test performed on goodwill discussed above. 

As  of  October  1,  2013,  the  date  of  our  most  recent  impairment  analysis,  the  estimated  fair  value  of  our  indefinite-lived 
intangible assets substantially exceeded the carrying value. There have been no events or changes in circumstances since the date 
of our impairment analysis on October 1, 2013 that would indicate that the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset 
may not be recoverable.

36

Accounting for Income Taxes

As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in 
each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process requires us to estimate our actual current tax exposure and assess the 
temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as deferred revenue or deductibility of certain intangible 
assets, for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within 
our consolidated balance sheets. We must then also assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future 
taxable income, and, to the extent we believe that it is more-likely-than not that some portion or all of our deferred tax assets will 
not be realized, we must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or change the allowance 
in a period, we must reflect the corresponding increase or decrease within the tax provision in the consolidated statements of 
operations.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We prepare and publicly release quarterly unaudited financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. We also disclose 
and discuss certain non-GAAP financial measures in our public releases, investor conference calls and filings with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission. The non-GAAP financial measures that we may disclose include EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, non-
GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share (also referred to as "non-GAAP EPS"). EBITDA is our net income 
before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. We typically disclose EBITDA on a consolidated and an operating 
segment basis in our earnings releases, investor conference calls and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Adjusted 
EBITDA is different from EBITDA because we further adjust EBITDA for stock-based compensation expense, acquisition- and 
integration-related  costs,  restructuring  costs  and  settlements  and  impairments  incurred  outside  our  ordinary  course  of 
business. Non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share are similarly adjusted for stock-based compensation 
expense,  acquisition-  and  integration-related  costs,  restructuring  costs,  settlement  and  impairment  costs  incurred  outside  our 
ordinary course of business as well as purchase amortization and other related costs. We may disclose adjusted EBITDA, non-
GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share on a consolidated basis in our earnings releases, investor conference 
calls  and  filings  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission. The  non-GAAP  financial  measures  that  we  use  may  not  be 
comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Also, in the future, we may disclose different non-GAAP 
financial measures in order to help our investors more meaningfully evaluate and compare our results of operations to our previously 
reported results of operations or to those of other companies in our industry.

We view EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share as operating 
performance  measures  and  as  such  we  believe  that  the  most  directly  comparable  GAAP  financial  measure  is  net  income.  In 
calculating EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share, we exclude from 
net  income  the  financial  items  that  we  believe  should  be  separately  identified  to  provide  additional  analysis  of  the  financial 
components of the day-to-day operation of our business. We have outlined below the type and scope of these exclusions and the 
material limitations on the use of these non-GAAP financial measures as a result of these exclusions. EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, 
non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share are not measurements of financial performance under GAAP 
and should not be considered as a measure of liquidity, as an alternative to net income or as an indicator of any other measure of 
performance derived in accordance with GAAP. Investors and potential investors in our securities should not rely on EBITDA, 
adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share as a substitute for any GAAP financial 
measure, including net income. In addition, we urge investors and potential investors in our securities to carefully review the 
GAAP financial information included as part of our Annual Reports on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q that are 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as our quarterly earnings releases, and compare the GAAP financial 
information with our EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share.

37

EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share may be used by management 
to internally measure our operating and management performance and may be used by investors as supplemental financial measures 
to evaluate the performance of our business.  We believe that these non-GAAP measures, when viewed with our GAAP results 
and the accompanying reconciliation, provide additional information that is useful to understand the factors and trends affecting 
our business. We have spent more than 26 years building our database of commercial real estate information and expanding our 
markets and services partially through acquisitions of complementary businesses. Due to the expansion of our information, analytics 
and marketing services, which has included acquisitions, our net income has included significant charges for purchase amortization, 
depreciation and other amortization, acquisition- and integration-related costs and restructuring costs. Adjusted EBITDA, non-
GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per diluted share exclude these charges and provide meaningful information about 
the operating performance of our business, apart from charges for purchase amortization, depreciation and other amortization, 
acquisition- and integration-related costs, restructuring costs and settlement and impairment costs incurred outside our ordinary 
course of business. We believe the disclosure of non-GAAP measures can help investors meaningfully evaluate and compare our 
performance from quarter to quarter and from year to year. We also believe the non-GAAP measures we disclose are measures of 
our ongoing operating performance because the isolation of non-cash charges, such as amortization and depreciation, and other 
items, such as interest, income taxes, stock-based compensation expenses, acquisition- and integration-related costs, restructuring 
costs and settlement and impairment costs incurred outside our ordinary course of business, provides additional information about 
our cost structure, and, over time, helps track our operating progress. In addition, investors, securities analysts and others have 
regularly relied on EBITDA and may rely on adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income or non-GAAP net income per diluted 
share to provide a financial measure by which to compare our operating performance against that of other companies in our 
industry.

Set forth below are descriptions of the financial items that have been excluded from our net income to calculate EBITDA and 

the material limitations associated with using this non-GAAP financial measure as compared to net income:

• 

• 

Purchase amortization in cost of revenues may be useful for investors to consider because it represents the use of our 
acquired database technology, which is one of the sources of information for our database of commercial real estate 
information. We do not believe these charges necessarily reflect the current and ongoing cash charges related to our 
operating cost structure.

Purchase amortization in operating expenses may be useful for investors to consider because it represents the estimated 
attrition of our acquired customer base and the diminishing value of any acquired trade names. We do not believe these 
charges necessarily reflect the current and ongoing cash charges related to our operating cost structure.

•  Depreciation and other amortization may be useful for investors to consider because they generally represent the wear 
and tear on our property and equipment used in our operations. We do not believe these charges necessarily reflect the 
current and ongoing cash charges related to our operating cost structure.

•  The amount of interest income we generate may be useful for investors to consider and may result in current cash inflows. 
However, we do not consider the amount of interest income to be a representative component of the day-to-day operating 
performance of our business.

•  The amount of interest expense we incur may be useful for investors to consider and may result in current cash outflows. 
However, we do not consider the amount of interest expense to be a representative component of the day-to-day operating 
performance of our business.

• 

Income tax expense may be useful for investors to consider because it generally represents the taxes which may be payable 
for the period and the change in deferred income taxes during the period and may reduce the amount of funds otherwise 
available for use in our business. However, we do not consider the amount of income tax expense to be a representative 
component of the day-to-day operating performance of our business.

38

Set forth below are descriptions of the financial items that have been excluded from our net income to calculate adjusted 

EBITDA and the material limitations associated with using this non-GAAP financial measure as compared to net income:

• 

• 

Purchase  amortization  in  cost  of  revenues,  purchase  amortization  in  operating  expenses,  depreciation  and  other 
amortization, interest income, interest expense, and income tax expense as previously described above with respect to 
the calculation of EBITDA.

Stock-based  compensation  expense  may  be  useful  for  investors  to  consider  because  it  represents  a  portion  of  the 
compensation of our employees and executives. Determining the fair value of the stock-based instruments involves a 
high degree of judgment and estimation and the expenses recorded may bear little resemblance to the actual value realized 
upon the future exercise or termination of the related stock-based awards. Therefore, we believe it is useful to exclude 
stock-based compensation in order to better understand the long-term performance of our core business.

•  The amount of acquisition- and integration-related costs incurred may be useful for investors to consider because they 
generally represent professional service fees and direct expenses related to the acquisition. Because we do not acquire 
businesses on a predictable cycle we do not consider the amount of acquisition- and integration-related costs to be a 
representative component of the day-to-day operating performance of our business.

•  The amount of restructuring costs incurred may be useful for investors to consider because they generally represent costs 
incurred in connection with a change in the makeup of our properties or personnel. We do not consider the amount of 
restructuring related costs to be a representative component of the day-to-day operating performance of our business.

•  The amount of material settlement and impairment costs incurred outside of our ordinary course of business may be 
useful for investors to consider because they generally represent gains or losses from the settlement of litigation matters. 
We do not believe these charges necessarily reflect the current and ongoing cash charges related to our operating cost 
structure.

The financial items that have been excluded from our net income to calculate non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net 
income per diluted share are purchase amortization and other related costs, stock-based compensation, acquisition- and integration-
related costs, restructuring costs and settlement and impairment costs incurred outside our ordinary course of business. These 
items are discussed above with respect to the calculation of adjusted EBITDA together with the material limitations associated 
with using this non-GAAP financial measure as compared to net income. We subtract an assumed provision for income taxes to 
calculate non-GAAP net income. In 2011, we assumed a 40% tax rate, and in 2012 and 2013, we assumed a 38% tax rate in order 
to approximate our long-term effective corporate tax rate.

Non-GAAP net income per diluted share is a non-GAAP financial measure that represents non-GAAP net income divided by 

the number of diluted shares outstanding for the period used in the calculation of GAAP net income per diluted share.

Management compensates for the above-described limitations of using non-GAAP measures by using a non-GAAP measure 
only to supplement our GAAP results and to provide additional information that is useful to understand the factors and trends 
affecting our business.

39

The following table shows our EBITDA reconciled to our net income and our net cash flows from operating, investing and 

financing activities for the indicated periods (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

Net income
Purchase amortization in cost of revenues
Purchase amortization in operating expenses
Depreciation and other amortization
Interest income
Interest expense
Income tax expense, net
EBITDA

Net cash flows provided by (used in)

Operating activities
Investing activities
Financing activities

Consolidated Results of Operations

$

$

$
$
$

14,656
1,353
2,237
9,262
(798)
—
7,913
34,623

$

$

9,915
8,634
13,607
10,511
(526)
4,832
13,219
60,192

$

$

29,734
11,883
15,183
12,992
(326)
6,943
17,803
94,212

27,785
58,366
252,680

$
$
86,126
$ (640,398) $
$
164,941
$

108,298
(18,966)
10,405

The following table provides our selected consolidated results of operations for the indicated periods (in thousands of dollars 

and as a percentage of total revenue):

2011

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

Revenues                                                  $
251,738
Cost of revenues                                                 88,167
Gross margin                                                  163,571
Operating expenses:

61,164
Selling and marketing                                              
20,037
Software development                                              
58,362
General and administrative                                              
Purchase amortization                                              
2,237
Total operating expenses                                                 
141,800
21,771
Income from operations                                                 
798
Interest and other income                                  
Interest and other expense
—
22,569
Income before income taxes                                                 
Income tax expense, net                                                 
7,913
14,656
Net income                                                 $

100.0% $

35.0
65.0

24.3
8.0
23.2
0.9
56.4
8.6
0.3
—
8.9
3.1
5.8% $

349,936
114,866
235,070

84,113
32,756
77,154
13,607
207,630
27,440
526
(4,832)
23,134
13,219
9,915

100.0% $

32.8
67.2

24.0
9.4
22.0
3.9
59.3
7.9
0.2
(1.4)
6.7
3.9
2.8% $

440,943
129,185
311,758

98,708
46,757
96,956
15,183
257,604
54,154
326
(6,943)
47,537
17,803
29,734

100.0%
29.3
70.7

22.4
10.6
22.0
3.4
58.4
12.3
0.1
(1.6)
10.8
4.1
6.7%

Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2013 and Year Ended December 31, 2012 

Revenues.  Revenues  increased  to  $440.9  million  in  2013,  from  $349.9  million  in  2012. The  $91.0  million  increase  was 
primarily attributable to increased revenue of approximately $52.8 million from our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet as well 
as the further penetration of our subscription-based information services and successful cross-selling of our services to our customers 
in existing markets, combined with continued high renewal rates.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross Margin. Gross margin increased to $311.8 million in 2013, from $235.1 million in 2012. The gross margin percentage 
increased to 70.7% in 2013, from 67.2% in 2012. The increase in the gross margin amount and percentage was principally due to 
an increase in revenue partially offset by an increase in cost of revenues of $14.3 million primarily due to an increase in research 
personnel costs of approximately $6.4 million and an increase of approximately $3.5 million in purchase amortization from our 
April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet. 

Selling and Marketing Expenses. Selling and marketing expenses increased to $98.7 million in 2013, from $84.1 million in 
2012, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 22.4% in 2013, from 24.0% in 2012. The increase in the amount of selling 
and marketing expenses was primarily due to the additional selling and marketing expenses from our April 30, 2012 acquisition 
of LoopNet. 

Software Development Expenses. Software development expenses increased to $46.8 million in 2013, from $32.8 million in 
2012, and increased as a percentage of revenues to 10.6% in 2013, from 9.4% in 2012. The increase in the amount and percentage 
of software development expense was primarily due to increased personnel costs to support enhancements and upgrades to our 
services. 

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $97.0 million in 2013, from $77.2 
million in 2012, and remained relatively constant as a percentage of revenues  at approximately 22.0% in 2013 and 2012. The 
increase in the amount of general and administrative expenses was principally due to an increase in stock-based compensation 
expense.

Purchase Amortization. Purchase amortization increased to approximately $15.2 million in 2013, from $13.6 million in 2012, 
and decreased as a percentage of revenue to 3.4% in 2013, compared to 3.9% in 2012. The increase in the amount of purchase 
amortization expense was due to additional purchase amortization expenses from our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet. 

Interest and Other Income. Interest and other income decreased to approximately $326,000 in 2013 compared to approximately 
$526,000 in 2012. The decrease was primarily due to our lower cash and cash equivalent balance in 2013 resulting from the net 
cash paid for our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet. 

Interest and Other Expense. Interest and other expense increased to $6.9 million in 2013 compared to $4.8 million in 2012. 
The increase was due to the additional interest expense incurred in 2013 compared to 2012, resulting from the $175.0 million 
borrowed under the term loan facility on April 30, 2012 and used to fund a portion of the merger consideration and transaction 
costs for the LoopNet acquisition.

Income Tax Expense, Net. Income tax expense, net increased to $17.8 million in 2013, from $13.2 million in 2012. This 
increase was primarily due to higher income before income taxes in 2013 as a result of our increased profitability, partially offset 
by a lower effective tax rate in 2013. The higher effective tax rate in 2012 was primarily due to costs related to the LoopNet 
acquisition that reduced income from operations but were not deductible for tax purposes. 

Comparison of Business Segment Results for Year Ended December 31, 2013 and Year Ended December 31, 2012 

We manage our business geographically in two operating segments, with our primary areas of measurement and decision-
making being the U.S. and International, which includes the U.K. and France. Management relies on an internal management 
reporting process that provides revenue and operating segment EBITDA, which is our net income before interest, income taxes, 
depreciation and amortization. Management believes that operating segment EBITDA is an appropriate measure for evaluating 
the operational performance of our operating segments. EBITDA is used by management to internally measure our operating and 
management performance and to evaluate the performance of our business. However, this measure should be considered in addition 
to, not as a substitute for or superior to, income from operations or other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance 
with GAAP.

41

Segment Revenues. CoStar Suite is sold as a platform of service offerings consisting of CoStar Property Professional, CoStar 
COMPS Professional and CoStar Tenant and through our mobile application, CoStarGo, and is our primary service offering in 
our U.S. operating segment. U.S. revenues increased to $420.8 million from $330.8 million for the years ended December 31, 
2013 and 2012 respectively. This increase in U.S. revenue was primarily due to increased revenue of approximately $52.8 million 
from our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet as well as further penetration of our subscription-based information services and 
successful cross-selling of our services to our customers in existing markets, combined with continued high renewal rates. FOCUS 
is our primary service offering in our International operating segment. Additionally, we introduced CoStar Suite in the U.K. in the 
fourth quarter of 2012 and no longer offered FOCUS to new clients beginning in 2013. International revenues increased to $20.1 
million from $19.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. This increase was primarily due to 
further penetration of our subscription-based information services resulting from sales of CoStar Suite. Intersegment revenue 
decreased to $339,000 for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. 
Intersegment  revenue  is  attributable  to  services  performed  for  our  wholly  owned  subsidiary,  PPR,  by  Property  and  Portfolio 
Research Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of PPR. Intersegment revenue is recorded at an amount we believe approximates fair 
value. Intersegment revenue is eliminated from total revenues.

Segment EBITDA. U.S. EBITDA increased to $97.3 million from $70.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 
2012, respectively. The increase in U.S. EBITDA was due primarily to an increase in revenues in 2013 compared to 2012, partially 
offset by an increase in personnel costs, including the stock-based compensation expense we recorded in 2013. International 
EBITDA increased to a lower loss of $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from a $10.0 million loss for the year 
ended December 31, 2012. This lower loss was primarily due to a decrease in personnel costs. The International operating segment 
continues to experience improved financial performance and most recently, during the three months ended December 31, 2013, 
International EBITDA increased to a positive amount as a result of increased revenue and decreased operating expenses. U.S. 
EBITDA includes an allocation of approximately $800,000 and $0 for the years ended 2013 and 2012, respectively. This allocation 
represents costs incurred for International employees involved in development activities of the Company's U.S. operating segment. 
International EBITDA includes a corporate allocation of approximately $400,000 and $5.3 million for the years ended December 31, 
2013 and 2012, respectively. This allocation represents costs incurred for U.S. employees involved in management and expansion 
activities of our International operating segment. The corporate allocation for the year ended December 31, 2012 consists primarily 
of development costs incurred for services of U.S. employees to upgrade the international platform of services and expand the 
coverage of service offerings within the International reporting unit. 

Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2012 and Year Ended December 31, 2011 

Revenues.  Revenues  increased  to  $349.9  million  in  2012,  from  $251.7  million  in  2011. The  $98.2  increase  is  primarily 
attributable to additional revenue of approximately $60.0 million from our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet as well as the 
further penetration of our subscription-based information services and successful cross-selling of our services to our customers 
in existing markets, combined with continued high renewal rates.

Gross Margin. Gross margin increased to $235.1 million in 2012, from $163.6 million in 2011. The gross margin percentage 
increased to 67.2% in 2012, from 65.0% in 2011. The increase in the gross margin amount and percentage was principally due to 
an increase in revenue partially offset by an increase in cost of revenues of $26.7 million primarily due to the additional cost of 
revenues from our 2011 and 2012 acquisitions. 

Selling and Marketing Expenses. Selling and marketing expenses increased to $84.1 million in 2012, from $61.2 million in 
2011, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 24.0% in 2012, from 24.3% in 2011. The increase in the amount of selling and 
marketing expenses was primarily due to the additional selling and marketing expenses from our 2011 and 2012 acquisitions. 

Software Development Expenses. Software development expenses increased to $32.8 million in 2012, from $20.0 million in 
2011, and increased as a percentage of revenues to 9.4% in 2012, from 8.0% in 2011. The increase in the amount and percentage 
of software development expense was primarily due to the additional software development expenses from our 2011 and 2012 
acquisitions. 

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $77.2 million in 2012, from $58.4 
million in 2011, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 22.0% in 2012, from 23.2% in 2011. The increase in the amount of 
general and administrative expenses was principally due to the additional general and administrative expenses from our 2011 and 
2012 acquisitions.

Purchase Amortization. Purchase amortization increased to $13.6 million in 2012, from $2.2 million in 2011, and increased 
as a percentage of revenue to 3.9% in 2012, compared to 0.9% in 2011. The increase in the amount and percentage of purchase 
amortization expense was due to additional purchase amortization expenses from our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet. 

42

Interest and Other Income. Interest and other income decreased to approximately $526,000 in 2012 compared to approximately 
$798,000 in 2011. The decrease was primarily due to our lower cash and cash equivalent balance in 2012 resulting from the net 
cash paid for our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet. 

Interest and Other Expense. Interest and other expense increased to $4.8 million in 2012 compared to $0 in 2011. The increase 
was due to the interest expense incurred in 2012 for the term loan facility used to fund a portion of the merger consideration and 
transaction costs for the LoopNet acquisition.

Income Tax Expense, Net. Income tax expense, net increased to $13.2 million in 2012, from $7.9 million in 2011. This increase 

was primarily due to the impact of costs related to the LoopNet acquisition that are not deductible for tax purposes.

Comparison of Business Segment Results for Year Ended December 31, 2012 and Year Ended December 31, 2011 

Segment Revenues. U.S. revenues increased to $330.8 million from $233.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2012 
and 2011 respectively. This increase in U.S. revenue was primarily due to additional revenue of approximately $60.0 million from 
our April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet, as well as further penetration of our subscription-based information services, and 
successful  cross-selling  of  our  services  to  our  customers  in  existing  markets,  combined  with  continued  high  renewal  rates. 
International  revenues  increased  to  $19.1  million  from  $18.4  million  for  the  years  ended  December 31,  2012  and  2011, 
respectively. This increase was primarily due to further penetration of our subscription-based information services. Intersegment 
revenue increased to $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, compared to  $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 
2011. Intersegment revenue is attributable to services performed for the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, PPR, by Property 
and  Portfolio  Research  Ltd.,  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  PPR. Intersegment  revenue  is  recorded  at  an  amount  we  believe 
approximates fair value. Intersegment revenue is eliminated from total revenues.

Segment EBITDA. U.S. EBITDA increased to $70.2 million from $38.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 
2011,  respectively.  The  increase  in  U.S.  EBITDA  was  due  primarily  to  an  increase  in  revenues  in  2012  compared  to  2011. 
International EBITDA decreased to a higher loss of $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 from a $3.5 million loss 
for the year ended December 31, 2011. This higher loss was primarily due to increased corporate allocation in 2012 compared to 
2011. International EBITDA includes a corporate allocation of approximately $5.3 million and $800,000 for the years ended 
December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The corporate allocation represents costs incurred for U.S. employees involved in 
international  management  and  expansion  activities. The  corporate  allocation  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2012  consists 
primarily of development costs incurred for services of U.S. employees to upgrade the international platform of services and 
expand the coverage of service offerings within the International reporting unit. 

43

Consolidated Quarterly Results of Operations

The  following  tables  summarize  our  consolidated  results  of  operations  on  a  quarterly  basis  for  the  indicated  periods  (in 
thousands, except per share amounts, and as a percentage of total revenues). Certain previously reported amounts in the Condensed 
Consolidated Statements of Operations have been reclassified to conform to our current presentation:

Revenues

Cost of revenues

Gross margin

Operating expenses

Income (loss) from operations

Interest and other income

Interest and other expense

Income before income taxes

2012

2013

Mar. 31

Jun. 30

Sep. 30

Dec. 31 Mar. 31

Jun. 30

Sep. 30

Dec. 31

$ 68,629

$ 85,223

$ 96,001

$100,083

$104,033

$108,999

$112,301

$115,610

24,334

44,295

35,693

8,602

250

—

8,852

28,172

57,051

57,064

(13)

131

(1,200)

(1,082)

30,882

65,119

56,173

8,946

59
(1,822)
7,183

31,478

68,605

58,700

9,905

86
(1,810)
8,181

33,606

70,427

73,025
(2,598)
104
(1,755)
(4,249)
(1,839)

32,101

76,898

61,615

15,283

83
(1,758)
13,608

31,724

80,577

60,807

19,770

52
(1,736)
18,086

31,754

83,856

62,157

21,699

87
(1,694)
20,092

Income tax expense (benefit), net
Net income (loss)

3,720
$ 5,132

5,628

404
$ (6,710) $ 6,779

3,467
$ 4,714

5,315
$ (2,410) $ 8,293

7,034
$ 11,052

7,293
$ 12,799

Net income (loss) per share —
basic

Net income (loss) per share —
diluted

$

$

0.20

0.20

$

$

(0.25) $

0.25

(0.25) $

0.24

$

$

0.17

0.17

$

$

(0.09) $

0.30

(0.09) $

0.29

$

$

0.40

0.39

$

$

0.46

0.45

2012

2013

Revenues

Cost of revenues

Gross margin

Operating expenses

Income (loss) from operations

Interest and other income

Interest and other expense

Income before income taxes

Mar. 31

Sep. 30

Jun. 30

Dec. 31 Mar. 31
100.0% 100.0 % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0 % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
35.5

Jun. 30

Dec. 31

Sep. 30

27.5

28.2

29.5

32.3

31.5

33.1

32.2

64.5

52.0

12.5

0.4

—

12.9

66.9

67.0

(0.1)

0.2

(1.4)

(1.3)

67.8

58.5

9.3

0.1
(1.9)
7.5

68.5

58.7

9.8

0.1
(1.8)
8.1

67.7

70.2

(2.5)

0.1

(1.7)

(4.1)

70.5

56.5

14.0

0.1
(1.6)
12.5

71.8

54.1

17.7

—
(1.5)
16.2

72.5

53.7

18.8

0.1
(1.5)
17.4

Income tax expense (benefit), net
Net income (loss)

5.4
7.5%

6.6
(7.9)%

0.4
7.1%

3.4
4.7%

(1.8)
(2.3)%

4.9
7.6%

6.4
9.8%

6.3
11.1%

Recent Acquisitions

LoopNet.  On April 30, 2012, we acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of LoopNet pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of 
Merger dated April 27, 2011, as amended May 20, 2011 (the “Merger Agreement”). We paid approximately $746.4 million in cash 
and approximately $137.1 million in equity, for a total consideration of $883.4 million. 

44

 
 
 
 
 
Accounting Treatment. We have applied the acquisition method to account for the LoopNet transaction which requires that, 
among other things, assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The purchase 
price was allocated to trade names, customer base, database technology, goodwill and various other asset and liability accounts. The 
acquired trade names recorded in connection with the LoopNet acquisition have an indefinite estimated useful life and are not 
amortized, but are subject to annual impairment tests. The acquired customer base for the acquisition, which consists of one distinct 
intangible asset and is composed of acquired customer contracts and the related customer relationships, is being amortized on an 
accelerated basis related to the expected economic benefit of the intangible asset over the estimated useful life. The acquired 
database  technology  for  the  acquisition  is  amortized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  estimated  useful  life.  Goodwill  for  the 
acquisition is not amortized, but is subject to annual impairment tests. The results of operations of LoopNet have been consolidated 
with those of the Company since the date of the acquisition. See Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included 
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details on the LoopNet acquisition. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity are cash, cash equivalents and debt from our term loan and revolving credit facility. Total 
cash and cash equivalents were $256.0 million at December 31, 2013 compared to cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments 
of $156.1 million at December 31, 2012. The increase in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments for the year ended 
December 31, 2013 was primarily due to net cash provided by operating activities of $108.3 million. 

Changes in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are dependent upon changes in, among other things, working 
capital items such as accounts receivable, accounts payable, various accrued expenses and deferred revenues, as well as changes 
in our capital structure due to stock option exercises, purchases and sales of short-term investments and similar events.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 was $108.3 million compared to $86.1 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2012. The $22.2 million increase in net cash provided by operating activities is primarily due to 
an increase of approximately $12.5 million from net income plus non-cash items as well as a net increase of approximately $9.7 
million  in  changes  in  operating  assets  and  liabilities  due  to  differences  in  timing  of  collection  of  receipts  and  payments  of 
disbursements. 

Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 was $19.0 million compared to $640.4 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2012. This $621.4 million decrease in net cash used in investing activities in 2013 was primarily 
due to $640.9 million of cash used for the acquisition of LoopNet on April 30, 2012, partially offset by a decrease in the proceeds 
from the sale and settlements of investments of approximately $15.3 million. 

Net cash provided by financing activities was $10.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $164.9 
million for the year ended December 31, 2012.  This $154.5 million decrease in net cash provided by financing activities was 
primarily due to the proceeds of $175.0 million received from the term loan facility on April 30, 2012 less payments of debt 
issuance costs of $11.5 million associated with the debt which did not occur in 2013.

Contractual Obligations. The following table summarizes our principal contractual obligations at December 31, 2013 and 

the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods (in thousands):

Operating leases
Long-term debt obligations(1)
Purchase obligations(2) 
Total contractual principal cash obligations

Total
143,944
153,125
7,364
304,433

$

$

$

$

2014

17,004
24,063
6,499
47,566

2015-2016
29,232
$
94,062
792
124,086

$

2017-2018
28,233
$
35,000
73
63,306

$

2019 and
thereafter
69,475
$
—
—
69,475

$

(1)Long-term debt obligations include scheduled principal payments and exclude interest payments, which are based on a 
variable rate of interest as defined in the Credit Agreement.

(2)Amounts do not include (i) contracts with terms of twelve months or less, or (ii) multi-year contracts that may be terminated 
by a third party or us. Amounts do not include unrecognized tax benefits of $4.8 million due to uncertainty regarding the 
timing of future cash payments.

45

 
 
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, among others, our operating results, expansion and 

integration efforts, and our level of acquisition activity or other strategic transactions. 

During  2013,  we  incurred  capital  expenditures  of  approximately  $19.0  million.  We  expect  to  make  aggregate  capital 

expenditures in 2014 of approximately $18.0 million to $23.0 million, primarily related to the build out of leased office space. 

To date, we have grown in part by acquiring other companies and we may continue to make acquisitions. Our acquisitions 
may vary in size and could be material to our current operations. We may use cash, stock, debt or other means of funding to make 
these acquisitions. 

On April 30, 2012, we acquired LoopNet pursuant to the Merger Agreement. Prior to completion of the LoopNet acquisition 
on April 26, 2012 the FTC accepted a consent order in connection with the LoopNet merger that was previously agreed to by 
CoStar and LoopNet. The consent order, which is publicly available on the FTC's website at www.ftc.gov, required, among other 
things, that CoStar and LoopNet divest LoopNet's minority interest in Xceligent. On March 28, 2012, CoStar and LoopNet entered 
into a Purchase Agreement to sell LoopNet's interest in Xceligent to DMGI. The parties closed the sale of LoopNet's interest in 
Xceligent to DMGI on May 3, 2012. We received $4.2 million in proceeds from the sale, which reflected the fair value of the 
investment at the time of sale and did not result in any gain on the sale of the investment.

We funded the cash portion of the consideration payable to LoopNet stockholders in the merger through a combination of 
cash on hand, including the net proceeds of approximately $247.9 million from an equity offering we completed in June 2011, 
and $175.0 million in proceeds from a term loan facility pursuant to the Credit Agreement, dated February 16, 2012, by and among 
CoStar, as borrower, CoStar Realty, as co-borrower, J.P. Morgan Bank, as administrative agent, and the other lenders thereto. In 
addition to the $175.0 million term loan facility, the Credit Agreement provides for a $50.0 million revolving credit facility, each 
with a term of five years. We made principal payments of approximately $4.4 million and $17.5 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively. As of December 31, 2013, maturities of our borrowings under the Credit Agreement 
for each of the next four years ended December 31, 2014 to 2017, are expected to be $24.1 million, $32.8 million, $61.3 million 
and $35.0 million, respectively.

The Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a Debt Service Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of at least 
1.5 to 1.0 and a Total Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) that does not exceed 2.75 to 1.00 during each of the 
three months ending December 31, 2013, March 31, 2014 and June 30, 2014; and 2.50 to 1.00 thereafter. The Credit Agreement 
also includes other covenants that were effective as of April 30, 2012, including covenants that, subject to certain exceptions, 
restrict our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries (i) to incur additional indebtedness, (ii) to create, incur, assume or permit to 
exist any liens, (iii) to enter into mergers, consolidations or similar transactions, (iv) to make investments and acquisitions, (v) to 
make certain dispositions of assets, (vi) to make dividends, distributions and prepayments of certain indebtedness, and (vii) to 
enter into certain transactions with affiliates. We were in compliance with the covenants in the Credit Agreement as of December 31, 
2013. 

Commencing with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012, the Credit Agreement requires us to make an annual prepayment 
of the term loan facility equal to a percentage of Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to reduce the principal 
amount outstanding under the term loan facility. The prepayment percentage is 50% when the Total Leverage Ratio exceeds 3.00 
to 1.00; 25% when the Total Leverage Ratio is greater than 2.50 to 1.00 but equal to or less than 3.00 to 1.00; and 0% when the 
Total Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 2.50 to 1.00. This prepayment requirement is reduced by the amount of prior voluntary 
prepayments during the respective fiscal year, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement. The Excess Cash 
Flow payment, if required, is due within ten business days of the date on which the annual financial statements are delivered or 
required to be delivered to the lenders pursuant to the Credit Agreement. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, we were 
not required to make an Excess Cash Flow payment.

In connection with obtaining the term loan facility, we incurred approximately $11.5 million in debt issuance costs, which 
were capitalized and are being amortized as interest expense over the term of the Credit Agreement using the effective interest 
method. The debt issuance costs are comprised of approximately $9.2 million in underwriting fees and approximately $2.3 million 
primarily related to legal fees associated with the debt issuance.  

46

As of December 31, 2012 and 2013, no amounts were outstanding under the revolving credit facility. Total interest expense 
for the term loan facility was approximately $0, $4.8 million and $6.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 
2013, respectively. Interest expense included amortized debt issuance costs of approximately $0, $2.0 million and $3.0 million 
for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, we are 
required to make interest payments on the term loan facility at a variable rate of interest and during interest periods selected by 
us as described in Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Total 
interest paid for the term loan facility was approximately $0, $2.5 million and $4.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 
2012 and 2013, respectively. 

In 2012, we granted a total of 399,413 shares pursuant to performance-based restricted common stock awards with a forfeiture 
date of March 31, 2017. Upon vesting of these awards, consistent with tax minimum withholding requirements, a portion of the 
shares subject to the awards will be remitted by the employees for payment of their individual income tax obligations. The shares 
remitted  will  be  canceled  and  we  will  make  a  cash  tax  payment  equivalent  to  the  canceled  shares,  currently  estimated  to  be 
approximately $30.0 million. This amount is based on several assumptions, including the estimated stock price at the time of 
vesting as well as the individual minimum withholding rates for the employees. If the actual stock price and individual tax rates 
differ from these estimates, the cash payment may change. 

Based on current plans, we believe that our available cash combined with positive cash flow provided by operating activities 

should be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. 

As of December 31, 2013, we had $24.3 million par value of long-term investments in student loan ARS, which failed to 
settle at auctions. The majority of these investments are of high credit quality with AAA credit ratings and are primarily securities 
supported  by  guarantees  from  the  FFELP  of  the  U.S.  Department  of  Education. While  we  continue  to  earn  interest  on  these 
investments, the investments are not liquid in the short-term. In the event we need to immediately access these funds, we may 
have to sell these securities at an amount below par value. Based on our ability to access our cash and cash equivalents and our 
expected operating cash flows, we do not anticipate having to sell these investments below par value in order to operate our 
business in the foreseeable future. 

As more fully described in Note 11 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K, on January 3, 2012, LoopNet, our wholly owned subsidiary, was sued by CIVIX-DDI, LLC (“Civix”) for 
alleged patent infringement, and on or about May 14, 2012, Civix filed a motion for leave to amend its complaint against LoopNet 
seeking to add CoStar as a defendant, alleging that our products also infringe Civix's patents. The complaint seeks unspecified 
damages, attorneys' fees and costs. On June 21, 2012, we filed an action seeking a declaratory judgment of non-infringement and 
invalidity against Civix; we amended this complaint on August 14, 2012 to assert an affirmative claim against Civix for breach 
of contract, alleging Civix violated its license agreement and covenant not to sue with one of our technology licensors. On November 
25, 2013, Civix submitted its expert’s report of damages, which estimated the payment it deemed appropriate in the event that we 
are  found  liable  of  infringement.  We  believe  that  Civix’s  calculation  of  damages  is  based  on  improper  assumptions  and 
miscalculations,  and  is  otherwise  unsupported. We  submitted  our  own  expert’s  report  of  damages,  which  concluded  that  the 
appropriate payment to be made in the event that we are found liable of infringement is significantly less than Civix’s estimate of 
appropriate  damages.    Moreover,  our  expert's  report  of  damages  concluded  that  while  Civix’s  calculation  of  damages  was 
fundamentally flawed and should not be used to determine damages, simply applying certain necessary adjustments to Civix's 
calculation as outlined in our expert's report resulted in a significant reduction in Civix’s calculation of damages to approximately 
$3.7 million. On November 5, 2013 we offered to settle all outstanding litigation with Civix for $600,000. At this time we cannot 
predict the outcome of the litigation with Civix, but we intend to vigorously defend against Civix’s claims. While we believe we 
have meritorious defenses against Civix’s claims, we estimate that, based on our adjusted calculation of Civix’s alleged damages, 
the matter could result in a loss of up to $3.1 million in excess of the amount accrued.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In July 2012, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to simplify how companies test indefinite-lived intangible assets for 
impairment. The guidance permits a company to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that 
an  indefinite-lived  intangible  asset  is  impaired  as  a  basis  for  determining  whether  it  is  necessary  to  perform  the  quantitative 
impairment test. This guidance is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after 
September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. This guidance did not have a material impact on our results of operations or 
financial position. 

47

   
In February 2013, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to improve the reporting of reclassifications out of accumulated 
other comprehensive income. This guidance requires a company to present, either on the consolidated statements of operations 
or in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive 
income by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required under GAAP to be reclassified 
in its entirety to net income. For other amounts that are not required under GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income 
in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference other disclosures required under GAAP that provide additional 
detail about those amounts. This guidance is effective prospectively for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods 
beginning after December 15, 2012. This guidance did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial position, 
but we provided additional disclosures in our financial statements.

In July 2013, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to improve the reporting of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net 
operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. This guidance requires a company to present 
an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred 
tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward. If a net operating loss carryforward, 
a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date or the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction 
does not require a company to use, and a company does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized 
tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets. This 
guidance is effective prospectively for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 
2013 with early adoption and retrospective application permitted. This guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our 
results of operations, financial position or related disclosures.

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We provide information, analytics and marketing services to the commercial real estate and related business community in 
the U.S., U.K. and France. Our functional currency for our operations in the U.K. and France is the local currency. As such, 
fluctuations in the British Pound and Euro may have an impact on our business, results of operations and financial position. For 
the year ended December 31, 2013, revenue denominated in foreign currencies was approximately 4.6% of total revenue. For the 
year ended December 31, 2013, our revenue would have decreased by approximately $2.0 million if the U.S. dollar exchange rate 
used strengthened by 10%. In addition, we have assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. A 10% strengthening of 
the U.S. dollar exchange rate against all currencies with which we have exposure at December 31, 2013 would have resulted in 
an increase of approximately $3.6 million in the carrying amount of net assets. For the year ended December 31, 2013, our revenue 
would have increased by approximately $2.0 million if the U.S. dollar exchange rate used weakened by 10%. In addition, we have 
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. A 10% weakening of the U.S. dollar exchange rate against all currencies 
with which we have exposure at December 31, 2013 would have resulted in a decrease of approximately $3.6 million in the carrying 
amount of net assets. We currently do not use financial instruments to hedge our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations with 
respect to our foreign subsidiaries. We may seek to enter hedging transactions in the future to reduce our exposure to exchange 
rate  fluctuations,  but  we  may  be  unable  to  enter  into  hedging  transactions  successfully,  on  acceptable  terms  or  at  all. As  of 
December 31,  2013,  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  included  a  loss  from  foreign  currency  translation  adjustments  of 
approximately $4.0 million.

We do not have material exposure to market risks associated with changes in interest rates related to cash equivalent securities 
held as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, we had $256.0 million of cash and cash equivalents. If there is an increase 
or decrease in interest rates, there will be a corresponding increase or decrease in the amount of interest earned on our cash and 
cash equivalents. 

As of December 31, 2013, we had $153.1 million of long-term debt bearing interest at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 2.00%. 
If there is an increase or decrease in interest rates, there will be a corresponding increase or decrease in the amount of interest 
expense on our long-term debt. Based on our outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2013, an increase in the interest rate by 
25 basis points would result in an increase of approximately $400,000 in interest expense annually. Based on our outstanding 
borrowings as of December 31, 2013, a decrease in the interest rate by 25 basis points would result in a decrease of approximately 
$400,000 in interest expense annually. Based on our ability to access our cash and cash equivalents, and our expected operating 
cash flows, we do not believe that increases or decreases in interest rates will impact our ability to operate our business in the 
foreseeable future.

48

Included  within  our  long-term  investments  are  investments  in  mostly AAA-rated  student  loan ARS. These  securities  are 
primarily securities supported by guarantees from the FFELP of the U.S. Department of Education. As of December 31, 2013, 
auctions for $24.3 million of our investments in auction rate securities failed. As a result, we may not be able to sell these investments 
at par value until a future auction on these investments is successful. In the event we need to immediately liquidate these investments, 
we may have to locate a buyer outside the auction process, who may be unwilling to purchase the investments at par, resulting in 
a loss. Based on an assessment of fair value of these investments in ARS as of December 31, 2013, we determined that there was 
a decline in the fair value of our ARS investments of approximately $1.5 million, which was deemed to be a temporary impairment 
and recorded as an unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. If the issuers are unable to 
successfully close future auctions and/or their credit ratings deteriorate, we may be required to adjust the carrying value of these 
investments as a temporary impairment and recognize a greater unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive loss or as an 
other-than-temporary impairment charge to earnings. Based on our ability to access our cash and cash equivalents, and our expected 
operating cash flows, we do not anticipate having to sell these securities below par value in order to operate our business in the 
foreseeable future. See Notes 4 and 5 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K for further discussion.

We have approximately $863.1 million in intangible assets as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, we believe 
our intangible assets will be recoverable, however, changes in the economy, the business in which we operate and our own relative 
performance could change the assumptions used to evaluate intangible asset recoverability. In the event that we determine that an 
asset has been impaired, we would recognize an impairment charge equal to the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets 
exceeds the fair value of the asset. We continue to monitor these assumptions and their effect on the estimated recoverability of 
our intangible assets.

Item 8. 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Financial Statements meeting the requirements of Regulation S-X are set forth beginning at page F-1. Supplementary data is 
set  forth  in  “Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  under  the  caption 
“Consolidated Results of Operations” and "Consolidated Quarterly Results of Operations."

Item 9. 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our 
reports  filed  or  submitted  under  the  Exchange Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported,  within  the  time  periods 
specified  in  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission’s  rules  and  forms,  and  that  such  information  is  accumulated  and 
communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow 
for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management 
recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance 
of  achieving  the  desired  control  objectives,  and  management  is  required  to  apply  its  judgment  in  evaluating  the  cost-benefit 
relationship of possible controls and procedures.

As of December 31, 2013, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, 
including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our 
disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded 
that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and were operating at the reasonable assurance level.

 Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of CoStar is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and 
for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. As defined by the Securities and Exchange 
Commission, internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or supervised by, the Company’s principal executive 
and principal financial officers, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation 
of financial statements in accordance with GAAP.

49

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures, that (1) pertain to 
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company’s 
assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements 
in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations 
of the Company’s management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of 
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of 

internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

limitations, 

inherent 

its 

In connection with the preparation of the Company's annual financial statements, management of the Company has undertaken 
an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013 based on 
criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (1992  framework)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“the COSO Framework”). Management's assessment included an evaluation of the 
design of the Company's internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of the Company's 
internal control over financial reporting.

Based  on  this  assessment,  management  did  not  identify  any  material  weakness  in  the  Company's  internal  control,  and 
management has concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013.

Ernst  & Young  LLP,  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  audited  the  Company's  financial  statements 
included in this report, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, a copy of 
which is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have 

materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B.  Other Information.

None.

50

Item 10. 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

PART III

CoStar has adopted a Code of Conduct for its directors. In addition, CoStar has adopted a separate Code of Conduct for its 
officers and employees, including its principal executive, financial and accounting officers, or persons performing similar functions. 
Copies of each of these codes may be found in the “Investors” section of the Company’s website at www.CoStar.com/Investors/
Corpgovernance.aspx. We intend to disclose future amendments to certain provisions of our Codes, or waivers of such provisions 
granted to executive officers and directors, as required by SEC rules on the website within four business days following the date 
of such amendment or waiver. 

The remaining information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for our 2014 annual 

meeting of stockholders. 

Item 11. 

Executive Compensation

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for our 2014 annual meeting of 

stockholders.

Item 12. 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for our 2014 annual meeting of 

stockholders.

Item 13. 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for our 2014 annual meeting of 

stockholders.

Item 14. 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for our 2014 annual meeting of 

stockholders.

51

Item 15. 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

(a)(1) The following financial statements are filed as a part of this report: CoStar Group, Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements.

(a)(2) Financial statement schedules:

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

Years Ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013 (in thousands):

Allowance for doubtful accounts and billing 
adjustments (1)
Year ended December 31, 2011
Year ended December 31, 2012
Year ended December 31, 2013

Balance at
Beginning
of Year

Charged to
Expense

$
$
$

2,415
2,524
2,935

$
$
$

1,525
1,456
2,317

Charged to
Other
Accounts (2)
$
$
$

— $
$
475
— $

Write-offs,
Net of
Recoveries
1,416
1,520
1,855

Balance at
End of Year
2,524
$
2,935
$
3,397
$

(1)  Additions to the allowance for doubtful accounts are charged to bad debt expense.

(2)  Amounts represent opening balances from acquired businesses.

Additional financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or not required or because the required 
information is incorporated herein by reference or included in the financial statements or related notes included elsewhere in this 
report.

(a)(3) The documents required to be filed as exhibits to this Report under Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed in the Exhibit 

Index included elsewhere in this report, which list is incorporated herein by reference.

52

 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Washington, District of Columbia, 
on the 20th day of February 2014.

SIGNATURES

COSTAR GROUP, INC.

By:

/s/ Andrew C. Florance
Andrew C. Florance
President and Chief Executive Officer

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each individual whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints 
Andrew C. Florance and Brian J. Radecki, and each of them individually, as their true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, 
with full power of substitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments 
to this report, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and to all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and 
perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes 
as he might or could do in person, herein by ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or 
his or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed by the following persons 

on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Capacity

Date

/s/ Michael R. Klein
Michael R. Klein

/s/ Andrew C. Florance
Andrew C. Florance

/s/ Brian J. Radecki
Brian J. Radecki

/s/ David Bonderman
David Bonderman

/s/ Michael J. Glosserman
Michael J. Glosserman

/s/ Warren H. Haber
Warren H. Haber

/s/ John W. Hill
John W. Hill

/s/ Christopher J. Nassetta
Christopher J. Nassetta

/s/ David J. Steinberg
David J. Steinberg

Chairman of the Board

February 20, 2014

Chief Executive Officer and
President and a Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

February 20, 2014

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

February 20, 2014

February 20, 2014

February 20, 2014

February 18, 2014

February 19, 2014

February 17, 2014

February 17, 2014

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit
No.

2.1

2.2

3.1

3.2

4.1

*10.1

*10.2

*10.3

*10.4

*10.5

*10.6

*10.7

*10.8

*10.9

*10.10

*10.11

*10.12

*10.13

*10.14

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Description

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 27, 2011, by and among CoStar Group, Inc., Lonestar Acquisition 
Sub, Inc. and LoopNet, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-
K filed with the Commission on April 28, 2011).

Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of May 20, 2011, among LoopNet, Inc., the Registrant 
and Lonestar Acquisition Sub, Inc. (Incorporated by referenced to Exhibit 2.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 
8-K filed May 23, 2011).

Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 6, 2013).

Third Amended and Restated By-Laws (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 24, 2013).

Specimen Common Stock Certificate (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form 
S-4 of the Registrant (Reg. No. 333-174214) filed with the Commission on June 3, 2011).

CoStar Group, Inc. 1998 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2005).

CoStar Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 8, 2012).
CoStar Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan French Sub-Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the 
Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007).

Form  of  Stock  Option  Agreement  between  the  Registrant  and  certain  of  its  officers,  directors  and  employees 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2004).

Form of Stock Option Agreement between the Registrant and Andrew C. Florance (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.8.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004).

Form  of  Restricted  Stock Agreement between  the  Registrant  and  certain  of  its  officers, directors  and  employees 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2004).

Form of 2007 Plan Restricted Stock Grant Agreement between the Registrant and certain of its officers, directors and 
employees (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed June 22, 2007).

Form of 2007 Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement between the Registrant and certain of its officers and employees 
(filed herewith).

Form of 2007 Plan Incentive Stock Option Grant Agreement between the Registrant and certain of its officers and 
employees (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 2008).

Form  of  2007  Plan  Incentive  Stock  Option  Grant  Agreement  between  the  Registrant  and  Andrew  C.  Florance 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2008).

Form of 2007 Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Grant Agreement between the Registrant and certain of its officers 
and employees (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year 
ended December 31, 2008).

Form of 2007 Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Grant Agreement between the Registrant and certain of its directors 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 
31, 2008).

Form of 2007 Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Grant Agreement between the Registrant and Andrew C. Florance 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 
31, 2008).

Form of 2007 Plan French Sub-Plan Restricted Stock Agreement between the Registrant and certain of its employees 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 
31, 2007).

*10.15 CoStar Group, Inc. 2011 Incentive Bonus Plan (Incorporated by referenced to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current 

Report on Form 8-K filed June 8, 2011).

*10.16 CoStar Group, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the 

Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010).

*10.17

Summary of Non-Employee Director Compensation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013).

55

 
 
INDEX TO EXHIBITS — (CONTINUED)

Exhibit
No.
*10.18

*10.19

*10.20

*10.21

*10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

21.1

23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

101

Description
Employment Agreement for Andrew C. Florance (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Amendment No. 1 to 
the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of the Registrant (Reg. No. 333-47953) filed with the Commission on April 
27, 1998).

First  Amendment  to  Andrew  C.  Florance  Employment  Agreement,  effective  January  1,  2009  (Incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008).

Executive  Service  Contract  dated  February  16,  2007,  between  Property  Investment  Exchange  Limited  and  Paul 
Marples (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 2007).

Leaving Agreement dated  February  27,  2013,  between  CoStar  U.K.  Limited  and  Paul  Marples  (Incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Registrant's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012).

Separation Agreement and General Release dated October 6, 2013, between CoStar Realty Information, Inc. and 
Jennifer Kitchen (filed herewith).

Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and each of its officers and directors (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2004).

Agreement for Lease between CoStar UK Limited and Wells Fargo & Company, dated August 25, 2009
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2009).
Sub-Underlease between CoStar UK Limited and Wells Fargo & Company, dated November 18, 2009
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2009).
Deed of Office Lease by and between GLL L-Street 1331, LLC and CoStar Realty Information, Inc., dated
February 18, 2011, and made effective as of June 1, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Registrant’s Report on form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011).

Credit Agreement dated February 16, 2012, by and among the Registrant, as Borrower, CoStar Realty Information,
Inc., as Co-Borrower, the Lenders from time to time party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as
Administrative Agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended March 31, 2012).

First Amendment dated as of April 25, 2012, to the Credit Agreement dated as of February 16, 2012, among the
Registrant, CoStar Realty Information, Inc., the Lenders from time to time party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank
N.A., as Administrative Agent (Incorporated by referenced to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Current Report on
Form 8-K filed April 30, 2012).

Subsidiaries of the Registrant (filed herewith).

Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith).

Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

The following materials from CoStar Group, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2013, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language):  (i) Consolidated Statement of Operations for 
the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive 
Income for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively; (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets at 
December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2013, respectively; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for 
the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively; (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the 
years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively; (vi) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
that have been detail tagged; and (vii) Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (submitted electronically with 
this report).

* Management Contract or Compensatory Plan or Arrangement.

56

COSTAR GROUP, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm                                                                                                                              

F-2

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013

F-4

F-5

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2013                                                                                                                         

F-6

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements                                                                                                                              

F-7

F-8

F-9

F-1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of CoStar Group, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CoStar Group, Inc. as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, 
and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the 
three years in the period ended December 31, 2013. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index 
at Item 15(a).These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is 
to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements 
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures 
in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable 
basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial 
position of CoStar Group, Inc. at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows 
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  
Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken 
as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
CoStar Group, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal 
Control-Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (1992 
framework) and our report dated February 20, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

McLean, Virginia

February 20, 2014

F-2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of CoStar Group, Inc.

We have audited CoStar Group, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework  issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (1992 framework) (the COSO criteria). CoStar Group, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective 
internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting 
included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control 
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control 
over  financial  reporting,  assessing  the  risk  that  a  material  weakness  exists,  testing  and  evaluating  the  design  and  operating 
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in 
the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that 
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions 
of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation 
of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the 
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide 
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, CoStar Group, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as 

of December 31, 2013, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
the consolidated balance sheets of CoStar Group, Inc. as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements 
of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 
31, 2013 and our report dated February 20, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

McLean, Virginia

February 20, 2014

F-3

COSTAR GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)

Revenues
Cost of revenues
Gross margin

Operating expenses:

Selling and marketing
Software development
General and administrative
Purchase amortization

Income from operations
Interest and other income
Interest and other expense
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense, net
Net income

Net income per share — basic 
Net income per share — diluted 

Weighted average outstanding shares — basic 
Weighted average outstanding shares — diluted 

See accompanying notes.

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

$

$

251,738
88,167
163,571

$

349,936
114,866
235,070

440,943
129,185
311,758

61,164
20,037
58,362
2,237
141,800
21,771
798
—
22,569
7,913
14,656

0.63
0.62

23,131
23,527

$

$
$

84,113
32,756
77,154
13,607
207,630
27,440
526
(4,832)
23,134
13,219
9,915

0.37
0.37

26,533
26,949

$

$
$

98,708
46,757
96,956
15,183
257,604
54,154
326
(6,943)
47,537
17,803
29,734

1.07
1.05

27,670
28,212

$

$
$

F-4

 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)

Net income

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Net decrease in unrealized loss on investments

Total other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income

See accompanying notes.

Year Ended December 31,

2011

2012

2013

$

14,656

$

9,915

$

29,734

25

113

138

1,277

773

2,050

610

378

988

$

14,794

$

11,965

$

30,722

F-5

COSTAR GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)

Current assets:

ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $2,935 and
$3,397 as of December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively
Deferred income taxes, net
Income tax receivable
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Debt issuance costs, net

Total current assets

Long-term investments
Property and equipment, net
Goodwill
Intangibles and other assets, net
Deposits and other assets
Debt issuance costs, net
Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities:

Current portion of long-term debt
Accounts payable
Accrued wages and commissions
Accrued expenses
Deferred gain on the sale of building
Income taxes payable
Deferred revenue
Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, less current portion
Deferred gain on the sale of building
Deferred rent
Deferred income taxes, net
Income taxes payable
Other long-term liabilities
Total liabilities                                                                                                    

December 31,

2012

2013

$

156,027
37

$

$

$

$

$

16,392
9,256
5,357
9,560
2,934
199,563

21,662
46,308
718,078
170,632
2,274
6,622
1,165,139

17,500
6,234
23,831
19,002
2,523
—
32,548
101,638

153,125
28,809
17,305
34,071
2,818
1,030
338,796

255,953
—

20,761
22,506
—
6,597
2,649
308,466

21,990
57,719
718,587
144,472
1,855
3,893
1,256,982

24,063
4,939
20,104
23,200
2,523
2,362
34,362
111,553

129,062
26,286
22,828
34,582
4,809
—
329,120

Commitments and contingencies                                                                                                    

Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 2,000 shares authorized; none outstanding
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 60,000 shares authorized; 28,348 and 28,848 issued and
outstanding as of December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Retained earnings

Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

—

—

283
792,988
(6,518)
39,590
826,343
1,165,139

$

288
863,780
(5,530)
69,324
927,862
1,256,982  

$

See accompanying notes.

F-6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)

Balance at December 31, 2010

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Net decrease in unrealized loss on

investments

Exercise of stock options
Restricted stock grants
Restricted stock grants surrendered
Stock compensation expense, net of

forfeitures

Stock issued for equity offering
Employee stock purchase plan
Excess tax benefit from stock-based

compensation

Balance at December 31, 2011

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Net decrease in unrealized loss on

investments

Exercise of stock options
Restricted stock grants
Restricted stock grants surrendered
Stock compensation expense, net of

forfeitures

Employee stock purchase plan
Consideration for LoopNet, Inc.

Excess tax benefit from stock-based

compensation

Balance at December 31, 2012

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Net decrease in unrealized loss on

investments

Exercise of stock options
Restricted stock grants
Restricted stock grants surrendered
Stock compensation expense, net of

forfeitures

Employee stock purchase plan
Excess tax benefit from stock-based

compensation

Balance at December 31, 2013

Common Stock
Shares Amount
208
20,773
$
—
—
—
—

Additional
Paid-In 
Capital

$

374,981
—
—

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive 
Income (Loss)
$

(8,706) $
—
25

Retained
Earnings

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

$

15,019
14,656
—

381,502
14,656
25

—
198
197
(63)

—
4,313
8

—
25,426
—
—

—
273
855
(96)

—
10
1,880

—
28,348
—
—

—
409
238
(158)

—
11

—
2
1
—

—
43
—

—
254
—
—

—
2
8
—

—
—
19

—
283
—
—

—
3
2
—

—
—

—
6,212
—
(2,307)

8,056
247,881
452

2,541
637,816
—
—

—
9,194
(8)
(4,204)

12,207
749
137,036

198
792,988
—
—

—
16,820
(2)
(8,469)

41,403
1,455

113
—
—
—

—
—
—

—
(8,568)
—
1,277

773
—
—
—

—
—
—

—
(6,518)
—
610

378
—
—
—

—
—

—
—
—
—

—
—
—

—
29,675
9,915
—

—
—
—
—

—
—
—

—
39,590
29,734
—

—
—
—
—

—
—

113
6,214
1
(2,307)

8,056
247,924
452

2,541
659,177
9,915
1,277

773
9,196
—
(4,204)

12,207
749
137,055

198
826,343
29,734
610

378
16,823
—
(8,469)

41,403
1,455

—
28,848

$

—
288

$

19,585
863,780

$

—
(5,530) $

—
69,324

$

19,585
927,862

See accompanying notes.

F-7

 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

Operating activities:

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:

Depreciation

Amortization

Amortization of debt issuance costs

Property and equipment write-off

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

Stock-based compensation expense

Deferred consideration settlement

Deferred income tax expense (benefit), net

Provision for losses on accounts receivable

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:

Accounts receivable

Income taxes payable

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Deposits and other assets

Accounts payable and other liabilities

Deferred revenue

Net cash provided by operating activities

Investing activities:

Proceeds from sale and settlement of investments

Proceeds from sale of building, net

Purchases of property and equipment and other assets

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

Financing activities:

Proceeds from long-term debt

Payments of long-term debt
Payments of debt issuance costs

Payments of deferred consideration

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

Repurchase of restricted stock to satisfy tax withholding obligations

Proceeds from equity offering, net of transaction costs

Proceeds from exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase
plan

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

See accompanying notes.
F-8

Year Ended December 31,

2011

2012

2013

$

14,656

$

9,915

$

29,734

8,435

4,417

—

628
(2,541)
8,103
(1,207)
(17,104)
1,525

(4,573)
7,992

1,046
(154)
2,228

4,334

27,785

4,911

83,553
(15,013)
(15,085)
58,366

—

—
—
(2,100)
2,541
(2,307)
247,924

6,622

252,680

44

338,875

206,405

10,053

22,699

1,989

122
(198)
12,282

—

13,643

1,456

1,295

7,598
(3,316)
1,172

1,629

5,787

86,126

15,365

—
(14,834)
(640,929)
(640,398)

175,000
(4,375)
(11,546)
—

198
(4,204)
—

9,868

164,941

78
(389,253)
545,280

$

545,280

$

156,027

$

12,495

27,563

3,014

104
(19,585)
41,549

—
(12,740)
2,317

(6,607)
29,295

2,934

399
(3,882)
1,708

108,298

76

—
(19,042)
—
(18,966)

—
(17,500)
—
(1,344)
19,585
(8,469)
—

18,133

10,405

189

99,926

156,027

255,953

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2013 

1. 

ORGANIZATION

CoStar Group, Inc. (the “Company” or “CoStar”) provides information, analytics and marketing services to the commercial 
real estate and related business community through its comprehensive, proprietary database of commercial real estate information 
covering the United States (“U.S.”) and parts of the United Kingdom ("U.K.") and France, as well as its complementary online 
marketplace of commercial real estate listings. The Company operates within two operating segments, U.S. and International, and 
its services are typically distributed to its clients under subscription-based license agreements that renew automatically, a majority 
of which have a term of one year. 

2. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany 
balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Accounting policies are consistent for each operating segment.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires 
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying 
notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications 

Certain previously reported amounts in the consolidated statements of cash flows have been reclassified to conform to the 

Company’s current presentation.

Revenue Recognition

The Company primarily derives revenues by providing access to its proprietary database of commercial real estate information. 
The Company generally charges a fixed monthly amount for its subscription-based services. Subscription contract rates are based 
on the number of sites, number of users, organization size, the client’s business focus, geography and the number of services to 
which a client subscribes. A majority of the subscription-based license agreements typically have a term of one year and renew 
automatically.

Revenue is recognized when (1) there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, (2) the fee is fixed and determinable, (3) 

services have been rendered and payment has been contractually earned and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.

Revenues from subscription-based services are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. Deferred 
revenue results from advance cash receipts from customers or amounts billed in advance to customers from the sales of subscription 
licenses and is recognized over the term of the license agreement.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues principally consists of salaries and related expenses for the Company’s researchers who collect and analyze 
the commercial real estate data that is the basis for the Company’s information, analytics and marketing services. Additionally, 
cost of revenues includes the cost of data from third party data sources, credit card and other transaction fees relating to processing 
customer transactions, which are expensed as incurred, and the amortization of acquired trade names and database technology.

F-9

COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

2. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES — (CONTINUED)

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company’s functional currency in its foreign locations is the local currency. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. 
dollars as of the balance sheet dates. Revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated at the average exchange rates in effect 
during each period. Gains and losses resulting from translation are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). 
Net gains or losses resulting from foreign currency exchange transactions are included in the consolidated statements of operations. 
There were no material gains or losses from foreign currency exchange transactions for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 
and 2013.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows (in thousands):

Foreign currency translation adjustment
Accumulated net unrealized loss on investments, net of tax

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss

Year Ended December 31,

2012

2013

$

$

(4,613) $
(1,905)
(6,518) $

(4,003)
(1,527)
(5,530)

There were no amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss to the consolidated statements of operations 

for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

Advertising Costs

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. E-commerce advertising expenses were approximately $2.5 million, 

$4.4 million and $5.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the basis reported 
in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference 
between the financial statement and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted rates expected to be in effect during the 
year in which the differences reverse. Valuation allowances are provided against assets, including net operating losses, if it is 
anticipated that some or all of an asset may not be realized through future taxable earnings or implementation of tax planning 
strategies. Interest and penalties related to income tax matters are recognized in income tax expense.

Net Income Per Share

Net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
during the period on a basic and diluted basis. The Company’s potentially dilutive securities include stock options and restricted 
stock. Diluted net income per share considers the impact of potentially dilutive securities except in periods in which there is a net 
loss, as the inclusion of the potentially dilutive common shares would have an anti-dilutive effect.

Stock-Based Compensation

Equity instruments issued in exchange for employee services are accounted for using a fair-value based method and the fair 

value of such equity instruments is recognized as expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

F-10

 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

2. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES — (CONTINUED)

Stock-Based Compensation — (Continued)

Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date of the stock-based awards that vest over set time periods 
based on their fair values, and is recognized on a straight line basis as expense over the vesting periods of the awards, net of an 
estimated forfeiture rate. For equity instruments that vest based on performance, the Company assesses the probability of the 
achievement of the performance conditions at the end of each reporting period, or more frequently based upon the occurrence of 
events that may change the probability of whether the performance conditions would be met. If the Company's initial estimates 
of the achievement of the performance conditions change, the related stock-based compensation expense and timing of recognition 
may  fluctuate  from  period  to  period  based  on  those  estimates.  If  the  performance  conditions  are  not  met,  no  stock-based 
compensation expense will be recognized and any previously recognized stock-based compensation expense will be reversed.  

In 2012, the Company granted performance-based restricted common stock awards that vest upon the Company's achievement 
of $90.0 million of cumulative net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") over a period 
of four consecutive calendar quarters if such performance is achieved by March 31, 2017, subject to certain approvals under the 
CoStar Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan. As of March 31, 2013, the Company initially determined that it was probable that 
the performance condition for these performance-based restricted common stock awards would be met by the March 31, 2017 
forfeiture date. As of December 31, 2013, the Company reassessed the probability of achieving this performance condition and 
determined that it was still probable that the performance condition for these awards would be met by the March 31, 2017 forfeiture 
date. As a result, the Company recorded a total of approximately $21.8 million of stock-based compensation expense related to 
performance-based restricted common stock for the year ended December 31, 2013. There was no stock-based compensation 
expense related to performance-based restricted common stock recorded for the years ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 
2012.  The  Company  expects  to  record  additional  estimated  unrecognized  stock-based  compensation  expense  related  to 
performance-based restricted common stock of approximately $2.1 million in 2014.

Cash flows resulting from excess tax benefits are classified as part of cash flows from operating and financing activities. 
Excess tax benefits represent tax benefits related to stock-based compensation in excess of the associated deferred tax asset for 
such equity compensation. Net cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options and the purchase of shares under the Employee 
Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) were approximately $6.6 million, $9.9 million and $18.1 million for the years ended December 31, 
2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. There were approximately $2.5 million, $198,000 and $19.6 million of excess tax benefits 
realized from stock options exercised and restricted stock awards vested for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, 
respectively.

Stock-based  compensation  expense  for  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  issued  under  equity  incentive  plans  and  stock 

purchases under the ESPP included in the Company's results of operations were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

1,635
Cost of revenues                                                                                               $
1,339
Selling and marketing                                                                                              
Software development                                                                                              
1,130
General and administrative                                                                                               3,999
8,103

$
Total stock-based compensation                                                                                              

$

$

2,556
1,966
2,241
5,519
12,282

$

$

4,553
4,954
7,244
24,798
41,549  

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash 
equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of money market fund investments and commercial paper. As of December 31, 2012 and 
2013, cash of approximately $0 and $105,000, respectively, was held to support letters of credit for security deposits.

F-11

 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

2. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES — (CONTINUED)

Investments

The Company determines the appropriate classification of debt and equity investments at the time of purchase and re-evaluates 
such designation as of each balance sheet date. The Company considers all of its investments to be available-for-sale. Short-term 
investments consisted of government/federal notes and bonds with maturities greater than 90 days at the time of purchase. Available-
for-sale short-term investments with contractual maturities beyond one year were classified as current in the Company’s consolidated 
balance sheets because they represented the investment of cash that is available for current operations. Long-term investments 
consist of variable rate debt instruments with an auction reset feature, referred to as auction rate securities (“ARS”). Investments 
are carried at fair value.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Financial Instruments

The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require that 
its customers’ obligations to the Company be secured. The Company maintains reserves for estimated inherent credit losses, and 
such losses have been within management’s expectations. The large size and widespread nature of the Company’s customer base 
and the Company’s lack of dependence on any individual customer mitigates the risk of nonpayment of the Company’s accounts 
receivable. No single customer accounted for more than 5% of the Company’s revenues for each of the years ended December 31, 
2011, 2012 and 2013. The carrying amount of the accounts receivable approximates the net realizable value. The carrying value 
of the accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and long-term debt approximates fair value.

Accounts Receivable, Net of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount. Accounts receivable payment terms vary and amounts due from 
customers are stated in the financial statements net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is 
based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of customer accounts. The Company regularly reviews the allowance by 
considering factors such as historical experience, the aging of the balances, and current economic conditions that may affect a 
customer’s ability to pay.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. All repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and 

amortization are calculated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:

Leasehold improvements
Furniture and office equipment
Research vehicles
Computer hardware and software

Shorter of lease term or useful life
Five to ten years
Five years
Two to five years

Qualifying internal-use software costs incurred during the application development stage, which consists primarily of outside 
services, purchased software license costs and internal product development costs are capitalized and amortized over the estimated 
useful life of the asset. All other costs are expensed as incurred.

F-12

COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

2. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES — (CONTINUED)

Goodwill, Intangibles and Other Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of costs over the fair value of assets of acquired businesses. Goodwill and intangible assets 
acquired  in  a  business  combination  and  determined  to  have  an  indefinite  useful  life  are  not  amortized,  but  instead  tested  for 
impairment at least annually by reporting unit. The Company’s operating segments, U.S. and International, are the reporting units 
tested for potential impairment. To determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test, the Company 
may first assess qualitative factors to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than 
its carrying amount. If the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its 
carrying amount or if the Company elects not to assess qualitative factors, then the Company performs the two-step process. The 
first step is to determine the fair value of each reporting unit. The estimate of the fair value of each reporting unit is based on a 
projected discounted cash flow model that includes significant assumptions and estimates including the Company's discount rate, 
growth rate and future financial performance. Assumptions about the discount rate are based on a weighted average cost of capital 
for comparable companies. Assumptions about the growth rate and future financial performance of a reporting unit are based on 
the Company's forecasts, business plans, economic projections and anticipated future cash flows. The fair value of each reporting 
unit is compared to the carrying amount of the reporting unit. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, 
then the second step of the process is performed to measure the impairment loss. The impairment loss is measured based on a 
projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by the Company’s management to be commensurate with 
the risk in its current business model.

To determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test for indefinite-lived intangible assets, the 
Company may first assess qualitative factors to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived 
intangible assets is less than the carrying amount. If the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of 
the indefinite-lived intangible assets is less than the carrying amount or if the Company elects not to assess qualitative factors, 
then the Company performs the quantitative impairment test similar to the test performed on goodwill discussed above. 

Intangible assets with estimable useful lives that arose from acquisitions on or after July 1, 2001 are amortized over their 
respective estimated useful lives using a method of amortization that reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the 
intangible assets are consumed or otherwise used up, and are reviewed at least annually for impairment.

Acquired database technology, customer base and trade names and other are related to the Company’s acquisitions (see Notes 
3, 7 and 8). With the exception of the acquired trade name recorded in connection with the acquisition of LoopNet, acquired 
database technology and trade names and other are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from two to ten years. 
The acquired trade name recorded in connection with the LoopNet acquisition has an indefinite estimated useful life and is not 
amortized, but is subject to annual impairment tests. The acquired intangible asset characterized as customer base consists of one 
distinct intangible asset composed of acquired customer contracts and the related customer relationships. Acquired customer bases 
are  typically  amortized  on  an  accelerated  basis  related  to  the  expected  economic  benefit  of  the  intangible  asset. The  cost  of 
capitalized building photography is amortized on a straight-line basis over five years.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed 
for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. 
Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted 
future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated 
future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair 
value of the asset.

Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount 
or fair value less costs to sell, and would no longer be depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposal group classified as held 
for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.

F-13

COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

2. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES — (CONTINUED)

Capitalized Product Development Costs

Product development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established, at which time such 
costs are capitalized. Costs are capitalized, to the extent that the capitalizable costs do not exceed the realizable value of such costs, 
until the product is available for general release to customers. The Company defines the establishment of technological feasibility 
as the completion of all planning, designing, coding and testing activities that are necessary to establish products that meet design 
specifications  including  functions,  features  and  technical  performance  requirements. The  Company’s  capitalized  product 
development  costs  had  a  total  net  book  value  of  approximately  $302,000  and  $111,000  as  of  December 31,  2012  and  2013, 
respectively. These capitalized product development costs are included in intangible and other assets in the Company’s consolidated 
balance sheets. Amortization is computed using a straight-line method over the remaining estimated economic life of the product, 
typically three to five years after the software is ready for its intended use. The Company amortized capitalized product development 
costs of approximately $80,000, $191,000 and $191,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

Debt Issuance Costs

Costs incurred in connection with the issuance of long-term debt are capitalized and amortized as interest expense over the 
term of the related debt using the effective interest method. The Company had capitalized debt issuance costs of approximately 
$9.6 million and $6.5 million as of December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The debt issuance costs are associated with the 
financing commitment received from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“J.P. Morgan Bank”) on April 27, 2011 and the subsequent 
term  loan  facility  and  revolving  credit  facility  established  under  a  credit  agreement  dated  February  16,  2012  (the  “Credit 
Agreement”). See Note 9 for additional information regarding the financing commitment with J.P. Morgan Bank and the Credit 
Agreement. No amortization expense for debt issuance costs was recognized by the Company for the year ended December 31, 
2011. The Company amortized debt issuance costs of approximately $2.0 million and $3.0 million for the years ended December 31, 
2012 and 2013, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In July 2012, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued authoritative guidance to simplify how companies 
test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment. The guidance permits a company to first assess qualitative factors to determine 
whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is 
necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test. This guidance is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed 
for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. This guidance did not have a material impact 
on the Company's results of operations or financial position.

In February 2013, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to improve the reporting of reclassifications out of accumulated 
other comprehensive income. This guidance requires a company to present, either on the consolidated statements of operations or 
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive 
income by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required under GAAP to be reclassified 
in its entirety to net income. For other amounts that are not required under GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income 
in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference other disclosures required under GAAP that provide additional 
detail about those amounts. This guidance is effective prospectively for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods 
beginning after December 15, 2012. This guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or 
financial position, but the Company provided additional disclosures in its financial statements.

There are no accounting pronouncements that have been recently issued but not yet adopted by the Company that would have 

a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position. 

F-14

COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

3. 

ACQUISITION

On April 30, 2012, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of LoopNet pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of 
Merger  dated April  27,  2011,  as  amended  May  20,  2011  (the  “Merger Agreement”).  LoopNet  owns  and  operates  an  online 
marketplace for commercial real estate in the U.S. The online marketplace enables commercial real estate agents, working on 
behalf of property owners and landlords, to list properties for sale or for lease and submit detailed information on property listings 
to find a buyer or tenant. The acquisition combines the research capabilities of the Company with the marketing solutions offered 
by LoopNet to create efficiencies in operations and provide more opportunities for the combined company's customers. 

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for LoopNet (in thousands except share and per share data):

Cash
Equity interest (1,880,300 shares at $72.89)

Fair value of total consideration transferred

$ 746,393
137,055
$ 883,448

The Company has applied the acquisition method to account for the LoopNet transaction, which requires that, among other 
things, assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The following table 
summarizes the amounts for acquired assets and liabilities recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date (in thousands):

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable
Goodwill
Acquired trade names and other
Acquired customer base
Acquired database technology
Deferred income taxes, net
Other assets and liabilities

Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired

$ 105,464
3,021
625,174
48,700
71,500
52,100
(32,623)
10,112
$ 883,448

The net assets of LoopNet were recorded at their estimated fair value. In valuing acquired assets and liabilities, fair value 
estimates are based on, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows, expected holding period of investments, market rate 
assumptions for contractual obligations, and appropriate discount rates.

The acquired customer base for the acquisition consists of one distinct intangible asset, is composed of acquired customer 
contracts and the related customer relationships, and has an estimated useful life of 10 years. The acquired database technology 
has an estimated useful life of 5 years and the acquired trade names have an indefinite estimated useful life. Amortization of the 
acquired customer base is recognized on an accelerated basis related to the expected economic benefit of the intangible asset, 
while amortization of the acquired database technology is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. The 
acquired trade names recorded in connection with this acquisition are not amortized, but are subject to annual impairment tests. 

Goodwill recorded in connection with this acquisition is not amortized, but is subject to annual impairment tests. The $625.2 
million of goodwill recorded as part of the acquisition is associated with the Company's U.S. operating segment. None of the 
goodwill recognized is deductible for income tax purposes. 

Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets recognized and represents the future 
economic  benefits  arising  from  other  assets  acquired  that  could  not  be  individually  identified  and  separately  recognized. 
Specifically, the goodwill recorded as part of the LoopNet acquisition includes: (i) the expected synergies and other benefits that 
the Company believes will result from combining its operations with LoopNet's operations; and (ii) any intangible assets that do 
not qualify for separate recognition, such as the assembled workforce. 

F-15

 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

3. 

ACQUISITION — (CONTINUED)

As a result of the LoopNet acquisition, the Company recorded approximately $14.2 million and $5.2 million in acquisition-
related costs for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, respectively.  These costs were directly related to acquiring LoopNet 
and were expensed as incurred and recorded in general and administrative expense. There were no acquisition-related costs recorded 
for the year ended December 31, 2013 related to the LoopNet acquisition.

Prior to completion of the LoopNet acquisition, on April 26, 2012, the Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) accepted a 
consent order in connection with the LoopNet merger that was previously agreed to by the Company and LoopNet. The consent 
order was subject to a 30-day public comment period, and on August 29, 2012, the FTC issued its final acceptance of the consent 
order. The consent order, which is publicly available on the FTC's website at www.ftc.gov, required, among other things, that the 
Company and LoopNet divest LoopNet's minority interest in Xceligent. On March 28, 2012, the Company and LoopNet entered 
into an agreement to sell LoopNet's interest in Xceligent to DMG Information (“DMGI”). The parties closed the sale of LoopNet's 
interest in Xceligent to DMGI on May 3, 2012. The Company received $4.2 million in proceeds from the sale, which reflected 
the fair value of the investment at the time of sale and resulted in no gain on the sale of the investment.

4. 

INVESTMENTS

The Company determines the appropriate classification of debt and equity investments at the time of purchase and re-evaluates 
such designation as of each balance sheet date. The Company considers all of its investments to be available-for-sale. Short-term 
investments consisted of government/federal notes and bonds with maturities greater than 90 days at the time of purchase. Available-
for-sale short-term investments with contractual maturities beyond one year were classified as current in the Company’s consolidated 
balance sheets because they represented the investment of cash that was available for current operations. Long-term investments 
consist of variable rate debt instruments with an auction reset feature, referred to as ARS. Investments are carried at fair market 
value.

Scheduled maturities of investments classified as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2013 are as follows (in thousands):

Maturity
Due in:
2014
2015 — 2018
2019 — 2023
2024 and thereafter

Available-for-sale investments

Fair Value

$

$

—
853
—
21,137
21,990

The Company had no realized gains on its investments for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The 
Company had no realized losses on its investments for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Realized 
gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities are determined on a specific-identification basis.

Changes in unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on available-for-sale securities are excluded from 
earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity until 
realized. A decline in market value of any available-for-sale security below cost that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results 
in a reduction in carrying amount to fair value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is 
established. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.

As of December 31, 2013, the amortized cost basis and fair value of investments classified as available-for-sale were as follows 

(in thousands):

Auction rate securities

Available-for-sale investments

Amortized
Cost

$
$

23,517
23,517

$
$

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

411
411

$
$

(1,938) $
(1,938) $

21,990
21,990

F-16

 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

4. 

INVESTMENTS — (CONTINUED)

As of December 31, 2012, the amortized cost basis and fair value of investments classified as available-for-sale were as follows 

(in thousands):

Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
Auction rate securities

Available-for-sale investments

Amortized
Cost

$

$

37
23,567
23,604

$

$

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

— $
101
101

$

— $

(2,006)
(2,006) $

37
21,662
21,699

The  unrealized  losses  on  the  Company’s  investments  as  of  December 31,  2012  and  2013  were  generated  primarily  from 
changes in interest rates. The losses are considered temporary, as the contractual terms of these investments do not permit the 
issuer to settle the security at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the Company does not intend to sell 
these instruments and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell these instruments prior to anticipated 
recovery, which may be at maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as 
of December 31, 2012 and 2013. See Note 5 for further discussion of the fair value of the Company’s financial assets.

The components of the Company’s investments in an unrealized loss position for more than twelve months were as follows 

(in thousands):

Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
Auction rate securities

Investments in an unrealized loss position

December 31,

2012

2013

Aggregate
Fair
 Value

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Aggregate
Fair
 Value

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

$

$

37
21,119
21,156

$

$

— $

(2,006)
(2,006) $

— $

21,137
21,137

$

—
(1,938)
(1,938)

The Company did not have any investments in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months as of December 31, 

2012 and 2013, respectively.

5. 

FAIR VALUE

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction between market participants. There is a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which categorizes the inputs used in measuring 
fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets 
or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; 
and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its 
own assumptions.

F-17

 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

5. 

FAIR VALUE — (CONTINUED)

The  following  table  represents  the  Company's  fair  value  hierarchy  for  its  financial  assets  (cash,  cash  equivalents  and 

investments) and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2013 (in thousands):

Assets:

Cash
Money market funds
Commercial paper
Auction rate securities

Total assets measured at fair value
Liabilities:

Deferred consideration

Total liabilities measured at fair value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

$

$
$

134,989
50,593
70,371
—
255,953

$

$

— $
— $

— $
—
—
—
— $

— $
— $

— $
—
—
21,990
21,990

$

134,989
50,593
70,371
21,990
277,943

1,344
1,344

$
$

1,344
1,344

The  following  table  represents  the  Company's  fair  value  hierarchy  for  its  financial  assets  (cash,  cash  equivalents  and 

investments) and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2012 (in thousands):

Assets:

Cash
Money market funds
Commercial paper
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
Auction rate securities

Total assets measured at fair value
Liabilities:

Deferred consideration

Total liabilities measured at fair value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

$

$
$

135,232
20,775
20
—
—
156,027

$

$

— $
— $

— $
—
—
37
—
37

$

— $
— $

— $
—
—
—
21,662
21,662

$

135,232
20,775
20
37
21,662
177,726

2,304
2,304

$
$

2,304
2,304

The  Company’s  Level  2  assets  consisted  of  government-sponsored  enterprise  obligations,  which  did  not  have  directly 

observable quoted prices in active markets. The Company’s Level 2 assets were valued using matrix pricing.

The Company’s Level 3 assets consist of ARS, whose underlying assets are primarily student loan securities supported by 

guarantees from the Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”) of the U.S. Department of Education.

F-18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

5. 

FAIR VALUE — (CONTINUED)

The following table summarizes changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 assets from December 31, 2007 to December 31, 

2013 (in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2007

Increase in unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss
Settlements

Balance at December 31, 2008

Decrease in unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss
Settlements

Balance at December 31, 2009

Decrease in unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss
Settlements

Balance at December 31, 2010

Decrease in unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss
Settlements

Balance at December 31, 2011

Auction rate securities upon acquisition
Decrease in unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss
Settlements

Balance at December 31, 2012

Decrease in unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss
Settlements

Balance at December 31, 2013

Auction
Rate
Securities

53,975
(3,710)
(20,925)
29,340
684
(300)
29,724
40
(575)
29,189
245
(4,850)
24,584
442
836
(4,200)
21,662
378
(50)
21,990

$

$

ARS  are  variable  rate  debt  instruments  whose  interest  rates  are  reset  approximately  every  28  days. The  majority  of  the 

underlying securities have contractual maturities greater than twenty years. The ARS are recorded at fair value.

As of December 31, 2013, the Company held ARS with $24.3 million par value, all of which failed to settle at auction. The 
majority of these investments are of high credit quality with AAA credit ratings and are primarily student loan securities supported 
by guarantees from the FFELP of the U.S. Department of Education. The Company may not be able to liquidate and fully recover 
the carrying value of the ARS in the near term. As a result, these securities are classified as long-term investments in the Company’s 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013. 

While the Company continues to earn interest on its ARS investments at the contractual rate, these investments are not currently 
actively trading and therefore do not currently have a readily determinable market value. The estimated fair value of the ARS no 
longer approximates par value. The Company used a discounted cash flow model to determine the estimated fair value of its 
investment in ARS as of December 31, 2013. The assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow model include estimates 
for interest rates, credit spreads, timing and amount of contractual cash flows, liquidity risk premiums, expected holding periods 
and default risk. The Company updates the discounted cash flow model on a quarterly basis to reflect any changes in the assumptions 
used in the model and settlements of ARS investments that occurred during the period. 

The only significant unobservable input in the discounted cash flow model is the discount rate. The discount rate used represents 
the Company's estimate of the yield expected by a market participant from the ARS investments. The weighted average discount 
rate used in the discounted cash flow model as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 was approximately 5.1% and 4.9%, respectively. 
Selecting another discount rate within the range used in the discounted cash flow model would not result in a significant change 
to the fair value of the ARS. 

F-19

 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

5. 

FAIR VALUE — (CONTINUED)

Based on this assessment of fair value, as of December 31, 2013, the Company determined there was a decline in the fair 
value of its ARS investments of approximately $1.5 million. The decline was deemed to be a temporary impairment and recorded 
as an unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. In addition, while a majority of the ARS 
are currently rated AAA, if the issuers are unable to successfully close future auctions and/or their credit ratings deteriorate, the 
Company  may  be  required  to  record  additional  unrealized  losses  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  or  an  other-than-
temporary impairment charge to earnings on these investments. 

As of December 31, 2013, the Company held Level 3 liabilities for deferred consideration that it acquired as a result of the 
April 30, 2012 acquisition of LoopNet. The deferred consideration totaled $1.3 million as of December 31, 2013 and included 
deferred cash payments in connection with acquisitions LoopNet completed in 2010 including: (i) deferred cash payments due to 
the sellers of LandsofAmerica.com, LLC ("LandsofAmerica") on March 31, 2014 based on LandsofAmerica's achievement of 
financial and operational milestones, resulting in undiscounted deferred consideration as of December 31, 2013 of approximately 
$1.0 million; and (ii) deferred cash payments due to the sellers of Reaction Corp. ("Reaction Web") on March 31, 2014 based on 
Reaction Web's achievement of revenue milestones, resulting in undiscounted deferred consideration as of December 31, 2013 of 
approximately $344,000. On March 28, 2013, the Company made a payment of $1.0 million to the sellers of LandsofAmerica 
based on the achievement of financial and operational milestones in 2012 and a payment of approximately $344,000 to the sellers 
of Reaction Web based on the achievement of revenue milestones in 2012.

The  following  table  summarizes  changes  in  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  Level  3  liabilities  from  December 31,  2011  to 

December 31, 2013 (in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2011

Deferred consideration upon acquisition
Accretion for 2012

Balance at December 31, 2012

Accretion for 2013
Payments made in 2013
Balance at December 31, 2013

Deferred
Consideration
—
$
2,011
293
2,304
384
(1,344)
1,344

$

The Company used a discounted cash flow model to determine the estimated fair value of its Level 3 liabilities. The  assumptions 
used in preparing the discounted cash flow model include the discount rate and probabilities for completion of financial and 
operational milestones.

The only significant unobservable input in the discounted cash flow model used to determine the estimated fair value of the 
Company's Level 3 liabilities is the discount rate. The discount rate used represents LoopNet's cost of equity at the time of each 
acquisition plus a margin for counterparty risk. The weighted average discount rate used as of December 31, 2012 was approximately 
23.5%. As of December 31, 2013, the Company recorded a liability for the entire amount of undiscounted deferred consideration 
to be paid on March 31, 2014. Selecting another discount rate within the range used in the discounted cash flow model in 2012 
would not result in a significant change to the fair value of the deferred consideration. 

F-20

 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

6. 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):

Leasehold improvements
Furniture, office equipment and research vehicles
Computer hardware and software

Accumulated depreciation and amortization
Property and equipment, net

December 31,

2012

2013

28,527
25,837
36,688
91,052
(44,744)
46,308

$

$

36,933
27,395
36,391
100,719
(43,000)
57,719

$

$

Depreciation expense for property and equipment was approximately $8.4 million, $10.1 million and $12.5 million for the 

years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

7. 

GOODWILL

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment consist of the following (in thousands):

Goodwill, December 31, 2011

Acquisitions

Effect of foreign currency translation

Goodwill, December 31, 2012

Effect of foreign currency translation

Goodwill, December 31, 2013

United States

International

Total

$

67,465

$

24,319

$

625,174

—

692,639

—

—

1,120

25,439

509

91,784

625,174

1,120

718,078

509

$

692,639

$

25,948

$

718,587

The  Company  recorded  goodwill  of  approximately  $625.2  million  in  connection  with  the April  30,  2012  acquisition  of 

LoopNet. 

During the fourth quarters of 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Company completed the annual impairment test of goodwill and 

concluded that goodwill was not impaired.

F-21

 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

8. 

INTANGIBLES AND OTHER ASSETS

Intangibles and other assets consist of the following (in thousands, except amortization period data):

December 31,

2012

2013

Weighted- 
Average
Amortization 
Period
(in years)

Capitalized product development cost

Accumulated amortization

Capitalized product development cost, net

$

$

2,140
(1,838)
302

Building photography

Accumulated amortization

Building photography, net

Acquired database technology
Accumulated amortization

Acquired database technology, net

Acquired customer base

Accumulated amortization

Acquired customer base, net

Acquired trade names and other (1)
Accumulated amortization

Acquired trade names and other, net

12,474
(11,639)
835

77,328
(29,673)
47,655

130,683
(59,218)
71,465

59,255
(8,880)
50,375

4

5

5

10

7

2,140
(2,029)
111

13,743
(12,005)
1,738

77,368
(41,073)
36,295

130,960
(74,734)
56,226

59,336
(9,234)
50,102

Intangibles and other assets, net

$

170,632

$

144,472

(1) The  weighted-average  amortization  period  for  acquired  trade  names  excludes  $48.7  million  for  acquired  trade  names 
recorded in connection with the LoopNet acquisition on April 30, 2012, which amount is not amortized, but is subject to 
annual impairment tests. 

Amortization expense for intangibles and other assets was approximately $4.4 million, $22.7 million and $27.6 million for 

the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

In the aggregate, amortization for intangibles and other assets existing as of December 31, 2013 for future periods is expected 
to be approximately $23.5 million, $20.8 million, $18.9 million, $10.0 million and $5.1 million for the years ending December 
31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company completed the annual impairment test of the acquired trade name recorded 

in connection with the LoopNet acquisition and concluded that this indefinite-lived intangible asset was not impaired.

F-22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

9. 

LONG-TERM DEBT 

On February 16, 2012, the Company entered into a term loan facility and revolving credit facility pursuant to the Credit 
Agreement dated February 16, 2012, by and among the Company, as borrower, CoStar Realty Information, Inc. ("CoStar Realty"), 
as co-borrower, J.P. Morgan Bank, as administrative agent, and the other lenders thereto. The Credit Agreement provides for a 
$175.0 million term loan facility and a $50.0 million revolving credit facility, each with a term of five years. On April 30, 2012, 
the Company borrowed $175.0 million under the term loan facility and used those proceeds, together with net proceeds from the 
Company's equity offering conducted in June 2011, to pay a portion of the merger consideration and transaction costs related to 
the LoopNet merger. The carrying value of the term loan facility approximates fair value and can be estimated through Level 3 
unobservable inputs using an expected present value technique based on expected cash flows discounted using the current credit-
adjusted risk-free rate, which approximates the rate of interest on the term loan facility at the origination.

The revolving credit facility includes a subfacility for swingline loans of up to $5.0 million and up to $10.0 million of the 
revolving credit facility is available for the issuances of letters of credit. The term loan facility amortizes in quarterly installments 
in amounts resulting in an annual amortization of 5% during the first year, 10% during the second year, 15% during the third year, 
20% during the fourth year and 50% during the fifth year after the closing date. The loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest, 
at the Company's option, either (i) during any interest period selected by the Company, at the London interbank offered rate for 
deposits in U.S. dollars with a maturity comparable to such interest period, adjusted for statutory reserves (“LIBOR”), plus a spread 
of 2.00% per annum, or (ii) at the greatest of (x) the prime rate from time to time announced by J.P. Morgan Bank, (y) the federal 
funds effective rate plus ½ of 1.00% and (z) LIBOR for a one-month interest period plus 1.00%, plus a spread of 1.00% per annum. 
If an event of default occurs under the Credit Agreement, the interest rate on overdue amounts will increase by 2.00% per annum. 
The obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by all material subsidiaries of the Company and secured by a lien on 
substantially all of the assets of the Company and its material subsidiaries, in each case subject to certain exceptions.

The Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain a Debt Service Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) 
of at least 1.5 to 1.0 and a Total Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) that does not exceed 2.75 to 1.00 during each 
of  the  three  months  ending  December  31,  2013,  March  31,  2014  and  June  30,  2014;  and  2.50  to  1.00  thereafter. The  Credit 
Agreement also includes other covenants that were effective as of April 30, 2012, including covenants that, subject to certain 
exceptions, restrict the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries (i) to incur additional indebtedness, (ii) to create, incur, assume 
or  permit  to  exist  any  liens,  (iii) to  enter  into  mergers,  consolidations  or  similar  transactions,  (iv) to  make  investments  and 
acquisitions,  (v) to  make  certain  dispositions  of  assets,  (vi) to  make  dividends,  distributions  and  prepayments  of  certain 
indebtedness, and (vii) to enter into certain transactions with affiliates. The Company was in compliance with the covenants in the 
Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2013.

Commencing with the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Credit Agreement requires the Company to make an annual 
prepayment of the term loan facility equal to a percentage of Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to reduce 
the principal amount outstanding under the term loan facility. The prepayment percentage is 50% when the Total Leverage Ratio 
exceeds 3.00 to 1.00; 25% when the Total Leverage Ratio is greater than 2.50 to 1.00 but equal to or less than 3.00 to 1.00; and 
0% when the Total Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 2.50 to 1.00. This prepayment requirement is reduced by the amount of 
prior voluntary prepayments during the respective fiscal year, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement. The 
Excess Cash Flow payment, if required, is due within ten business days of the date on which the annual financial statements are 
delivered or required to be delivered to the lenders pursuant to the Credit Agreement. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, 
the Company was not required to make an Excess Cash Flow payment.  

In connection with obtaining the term loan facility and revolving credit facility, the Company incurred approximately $11.5 
million in debt issuance costs, which were capitalized and are being amortized as interest expense over the term of the Credit 
Agreement using the effective interest method. The debt issuance costs are comprised of approximately $9.2 million in underwriting 
fees and approximately $2.3 million primarily related to legal fees associated with the debt issuance. 

As of December 31, 2012 and 2013, no amounts were outstanding under the revolving credit facility. Total interest expense 
for the term loan facility was approximately $0, $4.8 million and $6.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 
2013, respectively. Interest expense included amortized debt issuance costs of approximately $0, $2.0 million and $3.0 million 
for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Total interest paid for the term loan facility was approximately 
$0, $2.5 million and $4.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. 

F-23

  
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

9. 

LONG-TERM DEBT — (CONTINUED)

Maturities of the Company's borrowings under the Credit Agreement for each of the next four years as of December 31, 2013 

are as follows (in thousands):

Year ending December 31,

Due in:

2014

2015

2016

2017

Long-term debt, including current maturities

10. 

INCOME TAXES

Maturities

$

24,063

32,812

61,250

35,000

$

153,125

The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes attributable to operations consist of the following (in thousands):

Current:

Federal
State
Foreign
Total current
Deferred:

Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred
Total provision for income taxes

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

$

$

22,779
2,226
12
25,017

(14,661)
(2,425)
(18)
(17,104)
7,913

$

$

(2,260) $
1,974
55
(231)

15,512
(2,067)
5
13,450
13,219

$

26,516
3,996
31
30,543

(10,919)
(1,849)
28
(12,740)
17,803

F-24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

10. 

INCOME TAXES — (CONTINUED)

The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities consists of the following (in thousands):

December 31,

2012

2013

Deferred tax assets:

Reserve for bad debts
Accrued compensation
Stock compensation
Net operating losses
Accrued reserve and other
Unrealized loss on securities
Deferred rent
Deferred revenue
Deferred gain from sale of building

Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Prepaids
Depreciation
Intangibles

Total deferred tax liabilities                                                                                            

$

$

1,106
4,830
4,946
20,431
6,007
928
1,845
1,220
12,386
53,699

(1,433)
(3,676)
(62,915)
(68,024)

Net deferred tax liabilities, prior to valuation allowance
Valuation allowance
Net deferred tax liabilities

(14,325)
(10,490)
(24,815) $

$

1,274
6,725
13,381
17,457
4,284
786
4,329
1,538
11,499
61,273

(1,096)
(6,033)
(55,284)
(62,413)

(1,140)
(10,936)
(12,076)

As of December 31, 2012 and 2013, a valuation allowance has been established for certain deferred tax assets due to the 
uncertainty of realization. The valuation allowance as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 includes an allowance for unrealized losses 
on ARS investments, foreign deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards. The valuation allowance for 
the deferred tax asset for unrealized losses on ARS has been recorded as an adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive loss. 

The Company established the valuation allowance because it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax asset 
for certain items will not be realized based on the weight of available evidence. A valuation allowance was established for the 
unrealized losses on securities as the Company has not historically generated capital gains, and it is uncertain whether the Company 
will generate sufficient capital gains in the future to absorb the capital losses. In 2011, the Company sold the office building located 
at 1331 L Street, NW, in downtown Washington, DC (the “DC Office Building") and the sale generated capital gains, but the 
Company does not expect to engage in similar transactions on a regular basis. The Company continues to maintain a valuation 
allowance as of December 31, 2013, for the unrealized losses on securities because it is uncertain as to whether the losses will be 
realized in a year such that the losses could be carried back to offset the gain from the Company’s sale of the DC Office Building. 
A valuation allowance was established for the foreign deferred tax assets due to the cumulative loss in recent years in those 
jurisdictions. The Company has not had sufficient taxable income historically to utilize the foreign deferred tax assets, and it is 
uncertain whether the Company will generate sufficient taxable income in the future to utilize the deferred tax assets. Similarly, 
the Company has established a valuation allowance for net operating losses in certain states where it is uncertain whether the 
Company will generate sufficient taxable income to utilize the net operating losses before they expire.

The Company’s change in valuation allowance was an increase of approximately $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 
2012  and  an  increase  of  approximately  $446,000  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2013. The  increase  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2013 is primarily due to the increase in the valuation allowance for foreign deferred tax assets of approximately 
$765,000 partially offset by a decrease in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets of approximately $319,000 primarily 
related to state net operating loss carryforwards. 

F-25

 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

10. 

INCOME TAXES — (CONTINUED)

The Company had U.S. income before income taxes of approximately $29.1 million, $36.1 million and $53.2 million for the 
years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The Company had foreign losses of approximately $6.6 million, 
$13.0 million and $5.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

The Company’s provision for income taxes resulted in effective tax rates that varied from the statutory federal income tax 

rate as follows (in thousands):

Expected federal income tax provision at statutory rate
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
Foreign income taxes, net effect
Stock compensation
Increase in valuation allowance
Nondeductible compensation
Nondeductible transaction costs
Other adjustments

Income tax expense, net

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

7,899
(123)
(961)
(143)
643
448
—
150
7,913

$

$

8,097
(1,360)
(2,971)
(313)
2,978
656
5,829
303
13,219

$

$

16,638
885
(724)
(116)
588
431
—
101
17,803

$

$

The Company’s U.K. subsidiaries with foreign losses are disregarded entities for U.S. income tax purposes. Accordingly, the 
losses from these disregarded entities are included in the Company’s consolidated federal income tax provision at the statutory 
rate.  Federal  income  taxes  attributable  to  income  from  these  disregarded  entities  are  reduced  by  foreign  taxes  paid  by  those 
disregarded entities.

The  Company  paid  approximately  $19.5  million,  $2.6  million,  and  $6.5  million  in  income  taxes  for  the  years  ended 

December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

The Company has net operating loss carryforwards for international income tax purposes of approximately $31.2 million, 
which do not expire. The Company has federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $13.5 million that begin to 
expire in 2020, state net operating loss carryforwards with a tax value of approximately $4.9 million that begin to expire in 2020 
and state income tax credit carryforwards with a tax value of approximately $1.8 million that begin to expire in 2020. The Company 
realized a cash benefit relating to the use of its tax loss carryforwards of approximately $12.2 million and $4.2 million in 2012 
and 2013, respectively. 

The following tables summarize the activity related to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):

Unrecognized tax benefit as of December 31, 2010

$
Increase for current year tax positions                                                                                                                   
Increase for prior year tax positions                                                                                                                   
Expiration of the statute of limitation for assessment of taxes                                                                                                                   

1,766
1,243
445
(107)
Unrecognized tax benefit as of December 31, 2011                                                                                                                     
3,347
792
(161)
(69)
Unrecognized tax benefit as of December 31, 2012                                                                                                                     
3,909
66
2,037
(55)
5,957
Unrecognized tax benefit as of December 31, 2013                                                                                                                     

Increase for current year tax positions                                                                                                                   
Decrease for prior year tax positions                                                                                                                   
Expiration of the statute of limitation for assessment of taxes                                                                                                                   

Increase for current year tax positions                                                                                                                  
Increase for prior year tax positions                                                                                                                  
Expiration of the statute of limitation for assessment of taxes                                                                                                                  

$

F-26

 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

10. 

INCOME TAXES — (CONTINUED)

Approximately $1.6 million of the unrecognized tax benefit as of each of December 31, 2012 and 2013, would favorably 
affect the annual effective tax rate, if recognized in future periods. The Company recognized $39,000, $58,000 and $62,000 for 
interest  and  penalties  in  its  consolidated  statements  of  operations  for  the  years  ended  December 31,  2011,  2012  and  2013, 
respectively. The Company had liabilities of $284,000, $342,000 and $404,000 for interest and penalties in its consolidated balance 
sheets as of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The Company does not anticipate the amount of the unrecognized 
tax benefits to change significantly over the next twelve months.

The  Company’s  federal  and  state  income  tax  returns  for  tax  years  2010  through  2012  remain  open  to  examination. The 

Company’s U.K. income tax returns for tax years 2007 through 2012 remain open to examination.

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is currently under 
Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") audit in the U.S. for tax year 2010 and its subsidiary LoopNet is under IRS audit for tax years 
2009, 2010, 2011 and the four months ended April 30, 2012. While no formal assessments have been received, the Company 
believes it has provided adequate reserves related to all matters in the tax periods open to examination. Although the timing of 
income  tax  audit  resolutions  and  negotiations  with  taxing  authorities  is  highly  uncertain,  the  Company  does  not  anticipate  a 
significant change to the total amount of unrecognized income tax benefits within the next 12 months.

11. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company leases office facilities and office equipment under various non-cancelable operating leases. The leases contain 
various renewal options. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 was approximately $13.3 million, 
$16.7 million and $18.3 million, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2013 are as follows (in thousands):

2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019 and thereafter

Total future minimum lease payments

$

$

17,004
15,128
14,104
14,317
13,916
69,475
143,944

On February 16, 2012, the Company entered into the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement provides for a $175.0 million 
term loan facility and a $50.0 million revolving credit facility, each with a term of five years. See Note 9 for additional information 
regarding the Credit Agreement. 

In  May  2011,  LoopNet,  the  Board  of  Directors  of  LoopNet  (“the  LoopNet  Board”)  and/or  the  Company  were  named  as 
defendants in three purported class action lawsuits brought by alleged LoopNet stockholders challenging LoopNet's proposed 
merger with the Company. The stockholder actions alleged, among other things, that (i) each member of the LoopNet Board 
breached his fiduciary duties to LoopNet and its stockholders in authorizing the sale of LoopNet to the Company, (ii) the merger 
did not maximize value to LoopNet stockholders, (iii) LoopNet and the Company made incomplete or materially misleading 
disclosures about the transaction and (iv) LoopNet and the Company aided and abetted the breaches of fiduciary duty allegedly 
committed by the members of the LoopNet Board. The stockholder actions sought class action certification and equitable relief, 
including an injunction against consummation of the merger. The parties stipulated to the consolidation of the actions, and to permit 
the filing of a consolidated complaint. In June 2011, counsel for the parties entered into a memorandum of understanding in which 
they agreed on the terms of a settlement of this litigation, which could result in a loss to the Company of approximately $200,000. 
On March 20, 2013, the California Superior Court declined to grant preliminary approval to the proposed settlement and issued 
an order scheduling a hearing on June 11, 2013 to show good cause why the case should not be dismissed. Shortly before the 
hearing  plaintiffs  filed  a  third  supplemental  submission  in  support  of  their  motion  for  preliminary  approval  of  the  proposed 
settlement, and the Court rescheduled the show cause hearing for February 11, 2014, and then rescheduled it again for May 13, 
2014.  

F-27

 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

11. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES — (CONTINUED)

On January 3, 2012, LoopNet, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, was sued by CIVIX-DDI, LLC (“Civix”) in the U.S. 
District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia for alleged infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,385,622 and 6,415,291. The 
complaint seeks unspecified damages, attorneys' fees and costs. On February 16, 2012, LoopNet filed an answer to Civix’s complaint 
and filed counterclaims against Civix seeking, among other things, declaratory relief that the asserted patents are invalid, not 
infringed, and that Civix committed inequitable conduct during the prosecution and re-examination of the asserted patents. On or 
about May 14, 2012, Civix filed a motion for leave to amend its complaint against LoopNet in the U.S. District Court for the 
Eastern District of Virginia seeking to add the Company as a defendant, alleging that the Company's products also infringe Civix's 
patents. The Company filed a motion opposing Civix's motion, and on June 21, 2012, the district court denied Civix's motion to 
amend its complaint. On June 21, 2012, the Company filed an action in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois 
seeking a declaratory judgment of non-infringement and invalidity against Civix. On August 14, 2012, the Company amended its 
complaint against Civix to assert an affirmative claim against Civix for breach of contract, alleging Civix viloated its license 
agreement and covenant not to sue with one of the Company's technology licensors. On August 30, 2012, the Eastern District of 
Virginia transferred Civix's case against LoopNet to the Northern District of Illinois, where both cases are now pending. On October 
29, 2012, Civix filed a separate action against LoopNet in the Northern District of Illinois alleging infringement of U.S. Patent 
No. 8,296,335. That case was later consolidated with Civix's original lawsuit against LoopNet. Civix amended its complaint against 
the Company on November 8, 2012 to add claims under Patent No. 8,296,335 as well. On November 15, 2012, LoopNet filed an 
amended answer and counterclaim against Civix, asserting an affirmative claim against Civix for breach of contract, alleging Civix 
violated its license agreement and covenant not to sue with one of LoopNet's technology licensors. The U.S. District Court for the 
Northern District of Illinois construed the language of the patent on September 23, 2013, and has issued a schedule providing for 
expert discovery and dispositive motions in this case through April 2014, but no trial date has been set. On November 25, 2013, 
Civix submitted its expert’s report of damages, which estimated the payment it deemed appropriate in the event that the Company 
is found liable of infringement. The Company believes that Civix’s calculation of damages is based on improper assumptions and 
miscalculations, and is otherwise unsupported. The Company submitted its own expert’s report of damages, which concluded that 
the appropriate payment to be made in the event that the Company is found liable of infringement is significantly less than Civix’s 
estimate of appropriate damages.  Moreover, the Company’s expert's report of damages concluded that while Civix’s calculation 
of damages was fundamentally flawed and should not be used to determine damages, simply applying certain necessary adjustments 
to Civix's calculation as outlined in the Company’s report resulted in a significant reduction in Civix’s calculation of damages to 
approximately $3.7 million. On November 5, 2013 the Company offered to settle all outstanding litigation with Civix for $600,000. 
At this time the Company cannot predict the outcome of its litigation with Civix, but the Company intends to vigorously defend 
itself against Civix’s claims.  While the Company believes it has meritorious defenses against Civix’s claims, the Company estimates 
that, based on the Company’s adjusted calculation of Civix’s alleged damages, the matter could result in a loss of up to $3.1 million 
in excess of the amount accrued.

Currently, and from time to time, the Company is involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of its business. In accordance 
with GAAP, the Company records a provision for a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the 
amount can be reasonably estimated. At the present time, while it is reasonably possible that an unfavorable outcome may occur 
as a result of one or more of the Company’s current litigation matters, management has concluded that it is not probable that a loss 
has been incurred in connection with the Company’s current litigation other than as described above. In addition, other than as 
described above, the Company is unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss that could result from an unfavorable outcome 
in the Company’s current litigation and accordingly, the Company has not recognized any liability in the consolidated financial 
statements for unfavorable results, if any, other than described above. Legal defense costs are expensed as incurred.

F-28

COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

12. 

SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company manages its business geographically in two operating segments, with the primary areas of measurement and 
decision-making  being  the  U.S.  and  International,  which  includes  the  U.K.  and  France.  The  Company’s  subscription-based 
information services consist primarily of CoStar SuiteTM and FOCUSTM services. CoStar Suite is sold as a platform of service 
offerings  consisting  of  CoStar  Property  Professional®,  CoStar  COMPS  Professional®  and  CoStar  Tenant®  and  through  the 
Company's  mobile  application,  CoStarGo®.    CoStar  Suite  is  the  Company’s  primary  service  offering  in  the  U.S.  operating 
segment. FOCUS is the Company’s primary service offering in the International operating segment. Additionally, the Company 
introduced CoStar Suite in the U.K. in the fourth quarter of 2012 and no longer offered FOCUS to new clients beginning in 2013. 
CoStar's and its subsidiaries' subscription-based services consist primarily of similar services offered over the Internet to commercial 
real estate industry and related professionals. Management relies on an internal management reporting process that provides revenue 
and operating segment EBITDA, which is the Company’s net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. 
Management believes that operating segment EBITDA is an appropriate measure for evaluating the operational performance of 
the Company’s operating segments. EBITDA is used by management to internally measure operating and management performance 
and to evaluate the performance of the business. However, this measure should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for 
or superior to, income from operations or other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. 

Summarized information by operating segment was as follows (in thousands):

Revenues
United States
International

External customers
Intersegment revenue
Total international revenue
Intersegment eliminations

Total revenues

EBITDA
United States
International

Total EBITDA

Reconciliation of EBITDA to net income
EBITDA
Purchase amortization in cost of revenues
Purchase amortization in operating expenses
Depreciation and other amortization
Interest income
Interest expense
Income tax expense, net

Net income

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

$

233,381

$

330,805

$

420,817

18,357
1,140
19,497
(1,140)
251,738

38,099
(3,476)
34,623

34,623
(1,353)
(2,237)
(9,262)
798
—
(7,913)
14,656

$

$

$

$

$

19,131
1,514
20,645
(1,514)
349,936

70,199
(10,007)
60,192

60,192
(8,634)
(13,607)
(10,511)
526
(4,832)
(13,219)
9,915

$

$

$

$

$

20,126
339
20,465
(339)
440,943

97,348
(3,136)
94,212

94,212
(11,883)
(15,183)
(12,992)
326
(6,943)
(17,803)
29,734

$

$

$

$

$

Intersegment revenue is attributable to services performed for the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Property and Portfolio 
Research (“PPR”) by Property and Portfolio Research Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of PPR. Intersegment revenue is recorded 
at an amount the Company believes approximates fair value. U.S. EBITDA includes a corresponding cost for the services performed 
by Property and Portfolio Research Ltd. for PPR.

F-29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

12. 

SEGMENT REPORTING — (CONTINUED)

There were no costs allocated to U.S. EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012. U.S. EBITDA includes an 
allocation  of  approximately  $800,000  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2013.  This  allocation  represents  costs  incurred  for 
International employees involved in development activities of the Company's U.S. operating segment.

International EBITDA includes a corporate allocation of approximately $800,000, $5.3 million and $400,000 for the years 
ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. This allocation represents costs incurred for U.S. employees involved in 
management and expansion activities of the Company’s International operating segment.

Summarized information by operating segment consists of the following (in thousands):

December 31,

2012

2013

Property and equipment, net
United States                                                                                                    
International                                                                                                    
Total property and equipment, net                                                                                                 $

$

Goodwill
United States                                                                                                    
International                                                                                                    
Total goodwill                                                                                                 

Assets
United States                                                                                                    
International
Total operating segment assets

$

$

$

$

42,480
3,828
46,308

692,639
25,439
718,078

1,215,949
40,933
1,256,882

Reconciliation of operating segment assets to total assets
Total operating segment assets                                                                                                     $
Investment in subsidiaries                                                                                                    
Intersegment receivables                                                                                                    
Total assets                                                                                                 

$

1,256,882
(18,344)
(73,399)
1,165,139

Liabilities
United States
International                                                                                                    
Total operating segment liabilities                                                                                                 $

$

Reconciliation of operating segment liabilities to total liabilities
Total operating segment liabilities                                                                                                    $
Intersegment payables                                                                                                    
Total liabilities

$

335,855
70,108
405,963

405,963
(67,167)
338,796

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

53,733
3,986
57,719

692,639
25,948
718,587

1,311,292
43,464
1,354,756

1,354,756
(18,344)
(79,430)
1,256,982

324,626
79,266
403,892

403,892
(74,772)
329,120

F-30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

13. 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred Stock

The Company has 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value, authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2013. The 

Board of Directors may issue the preferred stock from time to time as shares of one or more classes or series.

Common Stock

The Company has 60,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized for issuance. On June 5, 2012, the Company 
amended and restated its Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the authorized shares of common stock by 30,000,000 
shares to 60,000,000 shares. Dividends may be declared and paid on the common stock, subject in all cases to the rights and 
preferences of the holders of preferred stock and authorization by the Board of Directors. In the event of liquidation or winding 
up of the Company and after the payment of all preferential amounts required to be paid to the holders of any series of preferred 
stock, any remaining funds shall be distributed among the holders of the issued and outstanding common stock.  

14. 

NET INCOME PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands except per share data):

Numerator:

Net income

Denominator:

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

$

14,656

$

9,915

$

29,734

Denominator for basic net income per share — weighted-average
outstanding shares
Effect of dilutive securities:

Stock options and restricted stock
Denominator for diluted net income per share — weighted-average
outstanding shares

23,131

26,533

27,670

396

416

542

23,527

26,949

28,212

Net income per share — basic 
Net income per share — diluted 

$
$

0.63
0.62

$
$

0.37
0.37

$
$

1.07
1.05

Employee stock options with exercise prices greater than the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the 
period are excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Stock options 
to purchase approximately 2,300 shares that were outstanding as of December 31, 2011 were not included in the computation of 
diluted net income per share because the exercise price of the stock options was greater than the average share price of the common 
shares during the period. No stock options to purchase shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share 
for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013. Additionally, shares of restricted common stock that vest based on Company 
performance conditions that have not been achieved as of the end of the period are not included in the computation of basic or 
diluted earnings per share. 

F-31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

15. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Stock Incentive Plans

In June 1998, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the 1998 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended, the “1998 Plan”) prior 
to consummation of the Company’s initial public offering. In April 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the CoStar 
Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended, the “2007 Plan”), subject to stockholder approval, which was obtained on 
June 7, 2007. All shares of common stock that were authorized for issuance under the 1998 Plan that, as of June 7, 2007, remained 
available for issuance under the 1998 Plan (excluding shares subject to outstanding awards) were rolled into the 2007 Plan and, 
as of that date, no shares of common stock were available for new awards under the 1998 Plan. The 1998 Plan continues to govern 
unexercised and unexpired awards issued under the 1998 Plan prior to June 7, 2007. The 1998 Plan provided for the grant of stock 
and stock options to officers, directors and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. Stock options granted under the 1998 
Plan could be incentive or non-qualified, and the exercise price for an incentive stock option may not be less than the fair market 
value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The vesting period of the options and restricted stock grants under 
the 1998 Plan was determined by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof and was generally three to four years. Upon the 
occurrence of a Change of Control, as defined in the 1998 Plan, all outstanding unexercisable options and restricted stock grants 
under the 1998 Plan immediately become exercisable.

The 2007 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and stock appreciation rights to 
officers, employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. Stock options granted under the 2007 Plan may 
be non-qualified or may qualify as incentive stock options. Except in limited circumstances related to a merger or other acquisition, 
the exercise price for an option may not be less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The 
vesting period for each grant of options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights under the 2007 Plan 
is determined by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof and is generally three to four years, subject to minimum vesting 
periods for restricted stock and restricted stock units of at least one year. In some cases, vesting of awards under the 2007 Plan 
may be based on performance conditions. The Company has issued and/or reserved the following shares of common stock for 
issuance under the 2007 Plan (including an increase of 1,300,000 shares of common stock pursuant to an amendment to the 2007 
Plan approved by the Company’s stockholders on June 2, 2010 and an increase of 900,000 shares of common stock pursuant to 
an amendment to the 2007 Plan approved by the Company’s stockholders on June 5, 2012): (a) 3,200,000 shares of common stock, 
plus (b) 121,875 shares of common stock that were authorized for issuance under the 1998 Plan that, as of June 7, 2007, remained 
available for issuance under the 1998 Plan (not including any Shares that were subject as of such date to outstanding awards under 
the 1998 Plan), and (c) any shares of common stock subject to outstanding awards under the 1998 Plan as of June 7, 2007, that on 
or after such date cease for any reason to be subject to such awards (other than by reason of exercise or settlement of the awards 
to the extent they are exercised for or settled in vested and nonforfeitable shares). Unless terminated sooner, the 2007 Plan will 
terminate in April 2017, but will continue to govern unexercised and unexpired awards issued under the 2007 Plan prior to that 
date. Approximately 1.4 million and 1.2 million shares were available for future grant under the 2007 Plan as of December 31, 
2012 and 2013, respectively.

In February 2012, the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company approved grants 
of restricted common stock to the executive officers that vest based on the achievement of Company performance conditions.  
These awards support the Committee’s goals of aligning executive incentives with long-term stockholder value and ensuring that 
executive officers have a continuing stake in the long-term success of the Company. In May and December of 2012, the Company 
granted additional shares of restricted common stock that vest based on the achievement of the Company's performance conditions 
to other employees. These shares of performance-based restricted common stock vest upon the Company’s achievement of $90.0 
million of cumulative EBITDA over a period of four consecutive calendar quarters, and are subject to forfeiture in the event the 
foregoing performance condition is not met by March 31, 2017. The Company granted a total of 399,413 shares of performance-
based restricted common stock during the year ended December 31, 2012. There were no shares of performance-based restricted 
common stock granted by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2013. All of the awards were made under the 2007 
Plan and pursuant to the Company’s standard form of restricted stock grant agreement. The number of shares granted was based 
on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. As of March 31, 2013, the Company initially determined 
that it was probable that the performance condition for these performance-based restricted common stock awards would be met 
by  the  March  31,  2017  forfeiture  date. As  of  December 31,  2013,  the  Company  reassessed  the  probability  of  achieving  this 
performance condition and determined that it was still probable that the performance condition for these awards would be met by 
the March 31, 2017 forfeiture date, subject to certain approvals under the 2007 Plan. As a result, the Company recorded a total of 
approximately $21.8 million of stock-based compensation expense related to performance-based restricted common stock for the 
year ended December 31, 2013. There was no stock-based compensation expense related to performance-based restricted common 
stock recorded for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012. 

F-32

 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

15. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS — (CONTINUED)

Stock Incentive Plans — (Continued)

Option activity was as follows:

Outstanding at December 31, 2010

Granted

Exercised

Canceled or expired

Outstanding at December 31, 2011

Granted

Exercised

Canceled or expired

Number of
Shares

Range of
Exercise Price

945,696

111,470

$17.34 - $55.07

$57.16 - $60.23

(198,132)

$17.97 - $54.51

(11,932)

$36.48 - $54.51

847,102

102,000

$17.34 - $60.23

$58.95 - $58.95

(274,842)

$17.34 - $57.16

(541)

$54.51 - $54.51

Outstanding at December 31, 2012

673,719

$25.00 - $60.23

Granted

Exercised

Canceled or expired

126,800

$102.16 - $102.16

(409,799)

$25.00 - $58.95

(16,380)

$36.48 - $58.95

Outstanding at December 31, 2013

374,340

$36.48 - $102.16

Exercisable at December 31, 2011

Exercisable at December 31, 2012

Exercisable at December 31, 2013

558,849

432,196

146,161

$17.34 - $55.07

$25.00 - $60.23

$36.48 - $60.23

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contract
Life (in 
years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)

36.10

57.28

31.37

40.65

39.93

58.95

34.04

54.51

45.20

102.16

41.05

47.54

68.94

37.15

40.22

47.72

7.34

$

43,289

5.44

$

20,004

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between (i) the closing price of the common stock at December 31, 
2011, 2012 and 2013 and (ii) the exercise prices of the underlying awards, multiplied by the shares underlying options as of 
December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, that had an exercise price less than the closing price on that date. Options to purchase 198,132, 
274,842 and 409,799 shares were exercised for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. The aggregate 
intrinsic value of options exercised, determined as of the date of option exercise, was $6.1 million, $11.9 million and $39.0 million 
for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively.

At December 31, 2013, there was $38.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to stock-based payments, net of 
forfeitures, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average-period of 2.4 years. The $38.6 million of unrecognized 
compensation cost at December 31, 2013 included approximately $2.1 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to 
shares of restricted common stock that vest based on the achievement of Company performance conditions.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of each option granted during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 

using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model was $21.57, $20.99 and $34.10 respectively.

F-33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

15. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS — (CONTINUED)

Stock Incentive Plans — (Continued)

The Company estimated the fair value of each option granted on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing 

model, using the assumptions noted in the following table:

Dividend yield
Expected volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)

Year Ended December 31,
2012

2013

2011

0%
40%
2.2%
5

0%
40%
0.9%
5

0%
37%
0.9%
5

The assumptions above and the estimation of expected forfeitures are based on multiple facts, including historical employee 
behavior patterns of exercising options and post-employment termination behavior, expected future employee option exercise 
patterns, and the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price.

The following table summarizes information regarding options outstanding at December 31, 2013:

Range of
Exercise Price

$36.48 - $41.21

$41.22 - $42.50

$42.51 - $53.22

$53.23 - $55.83

$55.84 - $57.61

$57.62 - $58.51

$58.52 - $59.59

$59.60 - $81.19

$81.20 - $102.16

$36.48 - $102.16

 Options Outstanding
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in
years)

 Number of
Shares

 Options Exercisable

Weighted-
Average
Exercise 
Price

Number of
Shares

Weighted-
Average 
Exercise 
Price

16,991

45,900

38,296

4,054

61,198

745

78,036

2,320

126,800

374,340

4.94

6.19

2.33

6.92

7.17

7.09

8.14

7.42

9.19

7.34

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

37.84

42.29

46.14

54.51

57.16

58.06

58.95

60.23

102.16

68.94

16,991

45,900

36,037

3,243

28,930

$

$

$

$

$

— $

13,900

1,160

$

$

— $

146,161

$

37.84

42.29

46.35

54.51

57.16

—

58.95

60.23

—

47.72

F-34

 
 
 
 
COSTAR GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

15. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS — (CONTINUED)

Stock Incentive Plans — (Continued)

The following table presents unvested restricted stock awards activity for the year ended December 31, 2013:

Unvested restricted stock at December 31, 2012                                                                                         

1,020,673

$

Number of
Shares

Granted                                                                                    

Vested                                                                                    

Canceled                                                                                    

Unvested restricted stock at December 31, 2013                                                                                        

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value 
per Share

66.17

119.84

58.64

71.51

80.52

238,314
$
(206,248) $
(84,469) $
$
968,270

Employee 401(k) Plan

The Company maintains a 401(k) Plan (the “401(k)”) as a defined contribution retirement plan for all eligible employees. The 
401(k) provides for tax-deferred contributions of employees’ salaries, limited to a maximum annual amount as established by the 
Internal Revenue Service. In 2011 and 2012, the Company matched 50% of employee contributions up to a maximum of 6% of 
total compensation. In 2013, the Company matched 100% of employee contributions up to a maximum of 4% of total compensation. 
Amounts contributed to the 401(k) by the Company to match employee contributions for the years ended December 31, 2011, 
2012 and 2013 were approximately $1.9 million, $2.7 million and $5.1 million, respectively. The Company had no administrative 
expenses in connection with the 401(k) plan for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

Employee Pension Plan

The Company maintains a company personal pension plan for all eligible employees in the Company’s U.K. offices. The plan 
is a defined contribution plan. Employees are eligible to contribute a portion of their salaries, subject to a maximum annual amount 
as established by Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs. In 2011 and 2012, the Company matched 50% of employee contributions 
up  to  a  maximum  of  6%  of  total  compensation.  In  2013,  the  Company's  matching  contribution  was  based  on  the  percentage 
contributed by the employee, up to a maximum of 6% of total compensation. Amounts contributed to the plan by the Company to 
match employee contributions for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 were approximately $160,000, $180,000 
and $280,000, respectively.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

As of August 1, 2006, the Company introduced an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), pursuant to which eligible 
employees participating in the plan authorize the Company to withhold specified amounts from the employees’ compensation and 
use the withheld amounts to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at 90% of the market price. Participating employees 
are able to purchase common stock under this plan during each offering period. An offering period begins the second Saturday 
before each of the Company’s regular pay dates and ends on each of the Company’s regular pay dates. There were 46,186 and 
34,895 shares available for purchase under the ESPP as of December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively and approximately 10,153 
and 11,291 shares of the Company’s common stock were purchased under the ESPP during 2012 and 2013, respectively.

F-35

 
 
 
 
 
 
Andrew C. Florance*

Michael R. Klein

David Bonderman

Christopher J. 
Nassetta

Michael J. Glosserman

Warren H. Haber

John W. Hill

David J. Steinberg

Brian J. Radecki*

John L. Stanfill*

Frank A. Carchedi*

Jonathan A. Coleman

Frank A. Simuro

Fred G. Saint

Dick W. Burke

Donna G. Tanenbaum

Board of Directors and Executive Officers

Andrew C. Florance*
President & Chief Executive 
Officer,
CoStar Group, Inc.

Michael R. Klein
Chairman of the Board,  
CoStar Group, Inc.
& Chairman of the Board
The Sunlight Foundation

David Bonderman
Founding Partner,
TPG Capital, L.P. 

Christopher J. Nassetta
President & Chief Executive 
Officer,
Hilton Worldwide

Michael J. Glosserman
Managing Member,
The JBG Companies

Warren H. Haber
Chairman of the Board &
Chief Executive Officer,
Founders Equity, Inc. 

John W. Hill
Founder and Chief Executive 
Officer,J Hill Group

David J. Steinberg
Chief Executive Officer,
SnappCloud, Inc.

Brian J. Radecki*
Chief Financial Officer,  
CoStar Group, Inc.

John L. Stanfill*
Senior Vice President,
Sales & Customer Service,  
CoStar Group, Inc.

Frank A. Carchedi*
Executive Vice President, 
Operations, CoStar Group, Inc. 

Jonathan A. Coleman
General Counsel & Secretary 
CoStar Group, Inc.

Frank A. Simuro
Chief Information Officer
CoStar Group, Inc.

Fred G. Saint
President, LoopNet

Dick W. Burke
President, Apartments

Donna G. Tanenbaum
Vice President, Human Resources

Eric. C. Forman

Susan E. Jeffress

Mark A. Klionsky

Curtis M. Kroeker

Brad A. Long

Giles R. Newman

Hans G. Nordby

Curtis M. Ricketts

M. Andy Thomas

Wayne B. Warthen

Senior Management

Eric C. Forman
Chief Executive Officer, Resolve

Susan E. Jeffress
Vice President, Customer Service
CoStar Group, Inc.

Mark A. Klionsky
Senior Vice President, Marketing
CoStar Group, Inc.

Curtis M. Kroeker
President, Marketplace Verticals,
LoopNet

Brad A. Long
Vice President of Sales, Apartments

Giles R. Newman
Managing Director, CoStar U.K.

Hans G. Nordby
Managing Director, PPR

Curtis M. Ricketts
Senior Vice President,
Marketing/Product Design 
CoStar Group, Inc.

M. Andy Thomas
President, Virtual Premise

Wayne B. Warthen
Chief Technology Officer
& Senior Vice President,
Information Technology, Loopnet 

*  DENOTES SECTION 16 AND  

EXECUTIVE OFFICER

COS35001_AR_Cover_v01_08Apr14.indd   2

4/9/14   2:20 PM

2013 Annual Report 1331 L Street, NWWashington, DC 20005202-346-6500 costar.com© 2014 CoStar Group, Inc.About CoStar Group, Inc.CoStar Group (NASDAQ: CSGP) is the leading provider of commercial real estate information, analytics and online marketplaces. Founded in 1987, CoStar conducts expansive, ongoing research to produce and maintain the largest and most comprehensive database of commercial real estate information. Our suite of online services enables clients to analyze, interpret and gain unmatched insight on commercial property values, market conditions and current availabilities. Through LoopNet, the Company operates the most heavily trafficked commercial real estate marketplace online with more than 8 million registered members. Including Apartments.com, CoStar operates websites that have approximately 16 million unique monthly visitors in aggregate. Headquartered in Washington, DC, CoStar maintains offices throughout the U.S. and in Europe with a staff of over 2,300 worldwide, including the industry’s largest professional research organization. For more information, visit www.costar.com.Building the Community  and the  Knowledge  that Moves  Your World Investor Relations Richard Simonelli Senior Director,  Investor Relations 202-346-6394  rsimonelli@costar.comShareholder Information Stock Listing Symbol: CSGP NASDAQ Listed Independent Auditors Ernst & Young LLP  8484 Westpark Drive McLean,  VA 22102 Transfer Agent and RegistrarAmerican Stock Transfer &  Trust Company, LLC  6201 15th Avenue Brooklyn,  NY 11219 2013 CoStar Group Annual ReportCOS35001_AR_Cover_v01_08Apr14.indd   14/9/14   2:20 PM