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CresCom Bank

caro · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Ticker caro
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 201-500
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FY2012 Annual Report · CresCom Bank
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March 15, 2013 

Dear Shareholder, 

Carolina Financial Corporation is pleased to report record net income for the year ended December 31, 2012 of 
$16.9  million,  or  $8.80  per  diluted  share,  as  compared  to  a  net  loss  of  $971,000,  or  ($0.51)  per  diluted  share 
during the comparable prior year period.  I am pleased to announce that CresCom Bank was reported as having 
the  #1  return  on  assets  and  #1  return  on  equity  of  all  banks  in  South  Carolina  for  fiscal  2012,  as  reported  by 
Financial Management Consulting Group. 

In  addition  to  Carolina  Financial  reporting  record  earnings,  fiscal  2012  has  been  a  year  of  significant 
accomplishments. 

•  Significantly Improved in Asset Quality 
•  Significantly Increased Capital Levels 
•  Crescent Mortgage Company reported record earnings, production and margin 
•  Over 15% growth in Core Deposits during fiscal 2012 
•  Resolved two of the three litigation matters addressed in the prior year’s Annual Report 
•  Growth in total assets to $888.7 million 

These items were accomplished despite the announcement of an approximate $4 million kite fraud perpetrated by 
a  business  customer  against  CresCom  Bank  identified  in  May  2012.    I  am  pleased  to  announce  that  we  have 
completed the restructuring of our operations group under the leadership of Jamin Hujik, CPA.  In addition, under 
Mr.  Hujik’s  leadership  the  Company  has  hired  an  SVP  of  Deposit  Operations  with  over  30  years  of  banking 
experience.    We  believe  the  changes  we  have  initiated  along  with  our  new  Operations  Leadership  Team  will 
greatly reduce these risks in the future and position our Company for growth.   

The  Company  continues  to  be  very  focused  on  improving  its  asset  quality  and  reducing  non-performing  assets 
(NPAs).  NPAs have decreased 46.6% from $40.3 million at December 31, 2011, to $21.5 million at December 
31,  2012,  or  2.42%  of  total  assets.   This  represents our  lowest level  of  NPAs  at  a  quarter-end  since  December 
2008.  As a result, the Company’s provision for loan losses declined significantly from $10.7 in fiscal 2011 to 
$2.7 million in fiscal 2012. 

Throughout 2012, the Company continued to increase its capital levels.  At December 31, 2012, CresCom Bank’s 
Tier 1 Capital was 10.0% compared to 8.2% at December 31, 2011.   CresCom Bank’s Total Risk Based Capital 
was 16.0% compared to 13.7% in the prior year.  The Bank substantially exceeds the Tier 1 Well Capitalized and 
Risk Based Well Capitalized levels of 10% and 5%, respectively.  

During fiscal 2012, Crescent Mortgage Company (“CMC”) originated approximately $2.2 billion in loans held for 
sale compared to $1.3 billion in 2011.  Net income from CMC increased to a record high $21.0 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $4.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The mortgage 
banking  industry  is  predicting  that  origination  levels  will  decrease  approximately  25%  to  30%  in  2013.    CMC 
expects to experience a decrease in volume and margin on loans sold during 2013.  As anticipated, year-to-date 
February 2013, we are seeing a slight decrease in originations versus originations a year earlier, with a decline in 
margins compared to year end 2012. 

For fiscal 2012, Carolina Financial Corporation experienced a decline in loans receivables, net of $11.6 million or 
2.3%, primarily resulting from the decline in non-performing loans.  However, we are pleased to report that loans 

- 1 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
receivable, net, increased by $8.4 million, or 1.7% in the fourth quarter 2012.  Our fourth quarter marks the first 
material  increase  in  our  loan  portfolio  since  September  2008.    The  Company  is  very  focused  on  achieving 
material loan growth during 2013. 

The  Company  continues  to  report  significant  growth  in  core  deposits,  defined  as  checking,  money  market  and 
statement savings accounts.  Core deposits increased $47.3 million, or almost 16%, compared to the prior year.  
The number of checking accounts also increased by 15% during fiscal 2012 compared to 2011.  We remain very 
pleased with our growth in core deposits and plan significant marketing campaigns in 2013.  You may have seen 
one of our checking ads on television, recently as they are being shown in both the Charleston and Myrtle Beach 
markets. 

Total assets of the Company increased from $826.2 million at December 31, 2011 to $888.7 million at December 
31, 2012.  During 2013, the Company expects that loans held for sale will decrease but will be more than offset 
by our planned increase in our loans receivable portfolio. The Company expects to increase lending personnel in 
2013 and is actively seeking to increase its commercial and residential lending opportunities. 

During  2013  we  expect  to  roll  out  several  technology  initiatives  that  will  improve  our  Customer’s  banking 
experience.  In the first quarter 2013, we began offering our new state of the art bill pay product.  In addition, we 
expect CMC to enter new markets and are aggressively evaluating new branching opportunities for the Bank. 

We remain focused on Bank profitability, growing core deposits, increasing cross sale opportunities, continuing to 
improve  asset  quality,  and  seeing  renewed  growth  in  our  loans  receivable.   Management  and  the  Board  are 
confident  that  with  focus,  commitment,  and  action,  we  will  continue  sustained  profitability  and  the  financial 
strength to grow and thrive in the current economic environment.   

Sincerely, 

Jerry L. Rexroad 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

- 2 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Letter to Stockholders 

Summary of Financial Data 

Financial Discussion 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Financial Statements 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 

Consolidated Statements of Operations 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity 

Consolidated Statements of Changes of Cash Flows 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

1 

4-5 

6-32 

33 

34 

35 

36 

36 

37-38 

39-77 

- 3 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
SUMMARY OF SELECTED  FI NANCIAL DATA 

Set  forth  below  is  selected  consolidated  financial  and  other  data  of  the  Company  at  and  for  the  periods  indicated.    The 
information  below  is  only  a  summary  and  should  be  read  together  with  the  accompanying  Financial  Discussion,  which 
follows this data, and the consolidated financial statements presented herein. 

Operating Data:

Interest income
Interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income (loss) after
provision for loan losses

Noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (loss)

Balance Sheet Data:

Total assets
Interest-bearing cash
Securities available for sale
Securities held to maturity
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Loans held for sale
Loans receivable, net
Allowance for loan losses
Deposits
Short-term borrowed funds
Long-term debt
Stockholders' equity

2012

$      

35,358
7,513
27,845
2,707

25,138
52,284
50,149
27,273
10,395
16,878

$      

 For The Years Ended December 31,
2010
(In thousands)

2011

2009

38,441
11,113
27,328
10,735

16,593
19,721
37,413
(1,099)
(128)
(971)

46,842
17,077
29,765
30,755

(990)
21,600
39,070
(18,460)
(5,872)
(12,588)

56,736
25,019
31,717
10,460

21,257
27,938
37,673
11,522
4,353
7,169

2008

63,049
33,227
29,822
6,361

23,461
9,227
23,882
8,806
3,256
5,550

2012

2011

At December 31,
2010
(In thousands)

2009

2008

$    

888,724
11,340
149,670
9,166
6,413
144,849
501,691
9,520
653,247
82,482
64,840
67,514

826,218
16,679
136,944
9,401
7,185
80,007
513,335
12,039
621,803
63,484
80,390
45,655

930,749
21,415
151,574
9,848
11,129
82,615
583,995
14,263
689,814
57,759
123,339
46,494

1,078,757
17,759
104,401
125,633
12,456
71,233
690,163
13,032
761,108
43,787
203,638
56,138

1,138,994
16,285
120,988
113,689
11,874
28,283
776,621
11,300
717,389
148,090
218,465
46,591

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CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
SUMMARY OF SELECTED  FI NANCIAL DATA 

2012

For The Years Ended December 31,
2010
(Dollars in thousands)

2009

2011

2008

Selected Average Balances:

Total assets
Loans receivable, net
Deposits
Stockholders' equity

Performance Ratios:

$    

837,066
495,889
641,085
54,002

858,432
545,556
649,002
47,003

1,018,130
640,646
742,409
50,065

1,114,132
737,448
767,814
51,949

1,090,787
774,183
750,110
47,552

Return on average equity
Return on average assets
Average earning assets to average total assets
Average loans receivable, net to average deposits
Average equity to average assets
Net interest margin
Net charge-offs to average loans receivable, net
Non-performing assets to period end loans receivable, net
Non-performing assets to total assets
Non-performing loans to total loans
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of 

loans receivable (end of period)

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of

nonperforming loans

31.25%
2.02%
92.29%
77.35%
6.45%
3.60%
1.05%
4.29%
2.42%
2.98%

(2.07)%
(0.11)%
92.24%
84.06%
5.48%
3.45%
2.38%
7.84%
4.87%
6.50%

(25.14)%
(1.24)%
94.24%
86.29%
4.92%
3.10%
4.61%
11.69%
7.33%
9.60%

13.80%
0.64%
94.59%
96.05%
4.66%
3.01%
1.18%
5.17%
3.31%
3.96%

11.67%
0.51%
95.66%
103.21%
4.36%
2.86%
0.66%
2.71%
1.85%
1.77%

1.86%

2.29%

2.38%

1.85%

1.43%

62.43%

35.24%

24.84%

46.83%

81.08%

2012

At or For The Years Ended December 31,
2010

2011

2009

2008

Per Share Data:

Book value (end of period)
Basic earnings (loss)
Diluted earnings (loss)

$        

35.18
8.80
8.80

23.79
(0.51)
(0.51)

24.23
(6.58)
(6.58)

29.35
3.75
3.72

24.36
2.95
2.83

Average common shares - basic
Average common shares - diluted

1,918,992
1,918,992

1,918,992
1,918,992

1,913,240
1,913,240

1,912,449
1,924,720

1,883,101
1,960,362

- 5 - 

      
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
          
          
          
            
           
           
            
            
            
           
           
            
            
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Financial Discussion 

The  accompanying  Financial  Discussion  is  provided  to  assist  the  reader  in  understanding  the  consolidated  financial 
statements of Carolina Financial Corporation (the “Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary bank, CresCom Bank (the 
“Bank”).    The  Company  is  not  a  publicly  traded  company  and  therefore  is  not  subject  to  the  reporting  and  disclosure 
requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) as enumerated in Article 9 of Regulation S-X, Guide 3 
or any other requirements for SEC registrants.  The Company also does not have an actively traded market for its stock.  The 
Financial Discussion is not intended to comply with disclosure requirements of the SEC as enumerated above. 

Effective  July  31,  2011,  the  Company  merged  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary  bank,  Community  FirstBank  of  Charleston 
(“Community FirstBank”), with and into its other wholly-owned subsidiary bank, Crescent Bank.  In conjunction with this 
internal reorganization, Crescent Bank’s name was changed to CresCom Bank and Crescent Mortgage Company (“Crescent 
Mortgage”), formerly a wholly-owned subsidiary of Community FirstBank, became a wholly-owned subsidiary of CresCom 
Bank. 

Discussion of Forward-Looking Statements 

The accompanying Financial Discussion contains certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of 
the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 concerning risks and uncertainties about 
the financial condition and future operations of the Company, the Bank, and its wholly-owned subsidiary service corporation, 
Carolina Services  Corporation of  Charleston (“Carolina Services”).  These statements are based on  many assumptions and 
estimates  and  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance.    The  Company’s  actual  results  may  differ  materially  from  those 
anticipated  in  any  forward-looking  statements,  as  they  will  depend  on  many  factors  about  which  the  Company  is  unsure, 
including many factors which are beyond the Company’s control.  The words “may,”  “would,” “could,” “should,” “will,” 
“expect,” “anticipate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “believe,” “continue,” “assume,” “intend,” “plan,” and “estimate,” as 
well  as  similar  expressions,  are  meant  to  identify  such  forward-looking  statements.    Potential  risks  and  uncertainties  that 
could cause the Company’s actual results to differ from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements include, but are 
not limited to, those described below under “Risk Factors” and the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

credit  losses  as  a  result  of  declining  real  estate  values,  increasing  interest  rates,  increasing 
unemployment, or changes in payment behavior or other factors; 

credit losses due to loan concentrations; 

changes in the amount of the Company’s loan portfolio collateralized by real estate and weaknesses in 
the South Carolina and national real estate markets; 

restrictions or conditions imposed by the Company’s regulators on the Company’s operations; 

increases in competitive pressure in the banking and financial services industries; 

changes in the interest rate environment which could reduce anticipated or actual margins; 

changes in political conditions or the legislative or regulatory environment, including governmental 
initiatives affecting the financial services industry; 

changes in economic conditions resulting in, among other things, a deterioration in credit quality; 

changes occurring in business conditions and inflation; 

changes in access to funding or increased regulatory requirements with regard to funding; 

increased cybersecurity risk, including potential business disruptions or financial losses; 

changes in deposit flows; 

changes in technology; 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the  adequacy  of  the level of  the  Company’s  allowance  for  loan  losses and  the amount  of  loan  loss 
provisions required in future periods; 

examinations  by  the  Company’s  regulatory  authorities,  including  the  possibility  that  the  regulatory 
authorities may, among other things, require the Company to increase its allowance for loan losses or 
write-down assets;   

changes in monetary and tax policies; 

changes in accounting policies and practices; 

the rate of delinquencies and amounts of loans charged-off;  

the  Company’s  ability  to  maintain  appropriate  levels  of  capital  and  to  comply  with  its  capital  ratio 
requirements; 

the Company’s ability to attract and retain key personnel; 

the Company’s ability to retain our existing clients, including our deposit relationships; and 

adverse changes in asset quality and resulting credit risk-related losses and expenses. 

If  any  of  these risks  or  uncertainties  materialize,  or if  any  of  the assumptions underlying  such forward-looking 
statements proves to be incorrect, the Company’s results could differ materially from those expressed in, implied 
or projected by, such forward-looking statements. For information with respect to factors that could cause actual 
results  to  differ  from  the  expectations  stated  in  the  forward-looking  statements,  see  “Risk  Factors”  contained 
herein.  The Company urges investors to consider all of these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking 
statements contained in this report. The Company makes these forward-looking statements as of the date of this 
document and does not intend, and assumes no obligation, to update the forward-looking statements or to update 
the  reasons  why  actual  results  could  differ  from  those  expressed  in,  or  implied  or  projected  by,  the  forward-
looking statements. 

Risk Factors 

The Company operates in a business environment that has inherent risks.  In addition to the risks and uncertainties described 
below,  other  risks  and  uncertainties  not  currently  known  to  us  or  items  we  currently  deem  to  be  immaterial  may  become 
material and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Our Business Has Been Adversely Affected By Downturns In The Local Economies Of Our Market Areas And Further 
Downturns Could Significantly Adversely Impact Our Business. 

Our business is directly affected by market conditions, industry and finance trends, legislative and regulatory changes, and 
changes  in  governmental  monetary  and  fiscal  policies  and  inflation,  all  of  which  are  beyond  our  control.    Currently  our 
markets  are  experiencing  a  prolonged  economic  downturn  and  continue  to  reflect  weakness  in  business  and  economic 
conditions that may result in (i) a decrease in the demand for loans and other products and services offered by the Company, 
(ii) a further decrease in the value of loan collateral, or (iii) a further increase in the number of customers and counterparties 
who become delinquent, file for bankruptcy protection under bankruptcy laws or default on their loans or other obligations.  
A further increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies or defaults could result in a higher level of nonperforming 
assets, net charge-offs, provision for loan losses, and increased collection expenses that could adversely impact our results of 
operations and financial condition. 

Further Downturns In The Real Estate Markets In Our Primary Market Area Could Significantly Adversely Impact Our 
Business. 

Our business activities and credit exposure are primarily concentrated in Charleston, Dorchester, and Horry counties in South 
Carolina.    The  Company’s  primary  markets  in  Charleston  and  Dorchester  counties  are  heavily  influenced  by  the  Port  of 
Charleston, the military, the medical industry and national and international industries.  The Company’s primary market areas 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

in Horry County are heavily influenced by tourism, retirement living, and retail.  The real estate markets have experienced a 
significant decline in these markets and, if these economic drivers experience further downturns, real estate in the Company’s 
markets may experience further declines.  As of December 31, 2012, the Company’s loan portfolio is primarily secured by 
real estate located in South Carolina.  If real estate values continue to decline, the collateral for these loans will provide less 
security.    As  a  result,  the  borrower’s  ability  to  pay,  or  the  Company’s  ability  to  recover  on  defaulted  loans  by  selling  the 
underlying collateral, would be diminished. 

An Increase In Our Non-Performing Assets Would Adversely Impact Our Earnings. 

At  December  31,  2012,  we  had  total  non-performing  assets  of  $21.5  million  or  2.42%  of  total  assets,  compared  to  $40.3 
million  or  4.87%  of  total  assets  at  December  31,  2011.   Our  non-performing  assets  may  increase  in  future  periods.    Non-
performing assets adversely affect our net income in various ways.  We do not record interest income on non-accrual loans or 
investments or on real estate owned.  We must establish an allowance for loan losses that reserves for losses inherent in the 
loan portfolio that are both probable and reasonably estimable through current period provisions for loan losses, which are 
recorded  as  a  charge  to  income.    From  time  to  time,  we  also  write  down  the  other  real  estate  owned  portfolio  to  reflect 
changing market values. Additionally, there are legal fees associated with the resolution of problem assets as well as carrying 
costs  such  as  taxes,  insurance  and  maintenance  related  to  the  other  real  estate  owned.  Further,  the  resolution  of  non-
performing assets requires the active involvement of management, which can distract them from our overall supervision of 
operations and other income-producing activities. 

We Earned Net Income In Fiscal 2012, But Experienced Net Losses In Fiscal 2011 And 2010. 

We  earned  net  income  of  $16.9  million  in  2012,  primarily  due  to  the  strong  performance  of  the  Company’s  wholesale 
mortgage  business.    However,  we  experienced  a  net  loss  of  $1.0  million  and  $12.6  million  for  fiscal  2011  and  2010, 
respectively.  In each of these years, the Company experienced significant losses related to historically elevated levels of non-
performing assets, which necessitated a provision for loan losses of $2.7 million for fiscal 2012, $10.7 million for fiscal 2011, 
and $30.8 million for fiscal 2010.  We had net charge offs of $5.2 million of loans during 2012, compared to $13.0 million of 
loans during 2011 and $29.5 million of charge offs during 2010. Non-accrual loans (generally loans 90 days or more past due 
in principal or interest payments) totaled $15.2 million, or 2.98% of total loans, net at December 31, 2012 compared to $29.9 
million,  or  5.70%  of  total  loans,  net  at  December  31,  2011.    We  also  recognized  other-than-temporary  impairment  losses 
related to our investment portfolio of $913,000 in the consolidated statements of operations for fiscal 2012, $1.8 million for 
fiscal 2011 and $2.5 million  for fiscal 2010.  Although the credit quality indicators generally showed improvement during 
fiscal 2012, if we experience further deterioration in our loan portfolio in addition to other factors and conditions out of our 
control such as weakness in our local economy, we may not be able to maintain profitability in the future. 

Commercial  Real  Estate  Loans,  Commercial  Business  Loans  And  Construction  And  Development  Loans  Increase  Our 
Exposure To Credit Risks.  

At  December 31, 2012, our  exposure to commercial real estate loans totaled $240.8  million, or 45.5% of total gross  loans 
receivable, our exposure to commercial business loans totaled $38.7 million, or 7.3% of total gross loans receivable, and our 
exposure to construction and development loans totaled $68.1 million, or 12.9% of total gross loans receivable.  Commercial 
real estate loans and commercial business loans generally expose us to a greater risk of nonpayment and loss than one-to-four 
family residential real estate loans because repayment of such loans often depends on the successful business operations and 
income stream of the borrowers. Similarly, construction and development loans expose us to a greater risk of nonpayment 
and loss because repayment is dependent upon the successful completion of the project and the ability of the contractor or 
builder to repay the loan from the sale of the property or obtaining permanent financing.  Additionally, such loans typically 
involve  larger  loan  balances  to  single  borrowers  or  groups  of  related  borrowers  compared  to  residential  real  estate  loans. 
Many  of  our  borrowers  have  more  than  one  commercial  loan  or  construction  and  development  loan  outstanding  with  us. 
Consequently, an adverse development with respect to one loan or one credit relationship may expose us to a significantly 
greater  risk  of  loss  compared  to  an  adverse  development  with  respect  to  a  one-to-four  family  residential  real  estate  loan. 
Finally, if we foreclose on a commercial real estate, commercial business or construction and development loan, our holding 
period for the collateral, if any, typically is longer than for one-to-four family residential mortgage loans because there are 
fewer  potential  purchasers  of  the  collateral.    The  risks  of  commercial  and  construction  and  development  loans  have  been 
exacerbated by the extended recession in commercial real estate and commercial land values, and the downturn in residential 
construction,  particularly  in  our  market  areas.    During  fiscal  2012,  we  had  net  charge  offs  of  $1.2  million,  $723,000  and 
$766,000 of commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans and construction and development loans, respectively. 

8 

 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Our  Decisions  Regarding  Allowance  For  Loan  Losses  And  Credit  Risk  May  Materially  And  Adversely  Affect  Our 
Business. 

Making  loans  and  other  extensions  of  credit  is  an  essential  element  of  our  business.    Although  we  seek  to  mitigate  risks 
inherent in lending by adhering to specific underwriting practices, our loans and other extensions of credit may not be repaid.  
The risk of nonpayment is affected by a number of factors, including: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

the duration of the credit; 
credit risks of a particular customer; 
changes in economic and industry conditions; and 
in the case of a collateralized loan, risks resulting from uncertainties about the future value of the collateral. 

We attempt  to  maintain an appropriate allowance  for loan losses to provide  for probable losses in our loan portfolio.  We 
periodically determine the amount of the allowance based on consideration of several factors, including: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

an ongoing review of the quality, mix, and size of our overall loan portfolio; 
our historical loan loss experience; 
evaluation of economic conditions; 
regular reviews of loan delinquencies and loan portfolio quality; and 
the amount and quality of collateral, including guarantees, securing the loans. 

The determination of the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses inherently involves a high degree of subjectivity 
and  requires  us  to  make  significant  estimates  of  current  credit  risks  and  future  trends,  all  of  which  may  undergo  material 
changes.  Continuing  deterioration  in  economic  conditions  affecting  borrowers,  new  information  regarding  existing  loans, 
identification of additional problem loans and other factors, both within and outside of our control, may require an increase in 
the  allowance  for  loan  losses.  In  addition,  regulatory  agencies  periodically  review  our  allowance  for  loan  losses  and  may 
require  an  increase  in  the  provision  for  loan  losses  or  the  recognition  of  further  loan  charge-offs,  based  on  judgments 
different than those of management. In addition, if charge-offs in future periods exceed the allowance for loan losses, we will 
need additional provisions to increase the allowance for loan losses. Any increases in the allowance for loan losses will result 
in  a  decrease  in  net  income  and,  possibly,  capital,  and  may  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  financial  condition  and 
results of operations.   

We Could Record Other-Than-Temporary Impairment on our Securities Portfolio.  In Addition, We May Not Receive Full 
Future Interest Payments On These Securities. 

We  review  our  investment  securities  portfolio  at  least  quarterly  and  more  frequently  when  economic  conditions  warrant, 
assessing  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  other-than-temporary  impairment  (“OTTI”).    Factors  considered  in  the  review 
include  estimated  future  cash  flows,  length  of  time  and  extent  to  which  market  value  has  been  less  than  cost,  the  financial 
condition  and  near  term  prospect  of  the  issuer,  and  our  intent  and  ability  to  retain  the  security  to  allow  for  an  anticipated 
recovery in market value.  If the review determines that there is OTTI, then an impairment loss is recognized in earnings equal 
to the difference between the investment’s cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which the 
assessment is made, or a portion may be recognized in other comprehensive income.  The fair value of investments on which 
OTTI is recognized then becomes the new cost basis of the investment.  

At December 31, 2012, the Company had twenty-six individual securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position.  In 
addition,  the  Company  had  nine  individual  investments  held  to  maturity  that  were  in  unrealized  loss  in  held-to-maturity 
consisting of pooled trust preferred securities.  The Company believes, based on industry analyst reports and third-party OTTI 
evaluations,  that  the  deterioration  in  the  value  of  these  securities  is  attributable  to  a  combination  of  the  lack  of  liquidity  in 
these securities, credit ratings and credit quality concerns. 

Management  has  performed  various  analyses,  including  cash  flows,  and  has  recorded  OTTI  expense  of  $625,000  related  to 
four  securities  available  for  sale  during  fiscal  2012.   These  four  securities  available  for  sale  were  subsequently  sold  during 
fiscal 2012.  In addition, OTTI expense totaling $288,000 was recorded related to two held-to-maturity securities during fiscal 
2012. There is one additional held-to-maturity security that had OTTI expense recorded in prior years, but did not incur OTTI 
expense  during  fiscal  2012.  Other  than  these  three  held-to-maturity  securities,  management  believes  that  there  are  no  other 

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securities other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2012.  The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it 
is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost.  
Management  continues  to  monitor  these  securities  with  a  high  degree  of  scrutiny.    There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the 
Company will not conclude in future periods that conditions existing at that time indicate some or all of the securities may be 
sold or are other-than-temporarily impaired, which would require a charge to earnings in such periods. 

A number of factors or combinations of factors could require us to conclude in one or more future reporting periods that an 
unrealized  loss  that  exists  with  respect  to  our  securities  portfolio  constitutes  additional  impairment  that  is  other  than 
temporary, which could result in material losses to us.  These factors include, but are not limited to, a continued failure by an 
issuer  to  make  scheduled  interest  payments,  an  increase  in  the  severity  of  the  unrealized  loss  on  a  particular  security,  an 
increase in the continuous duration of the unrealized loss without an improvement in value or changes in market conditions 
and/or industry or issuer specific factors that would render us unable to forecast a full recovery in value.  In addition, the fair 
values  of  securities  could  decline  if  the  overall  economy  and  the  financial  condition  of  some  of  the  issuers  continue  to 
deteriorate and there remains limited liquidity for these securities.   

Future Changes In Interest Rates Could Impact Our Financial Condition And Results Of Operations. 

Net  income  is  the  amount  by  which  net  interest  income  and  non-interest  income  exceeds  non-interest  expense  and  the 
provision for loan losses. Net interest income  makes up a  significant portion of our income and is based on the difference 
between:  

• 

• 

interest income earned on interest-earning assets, such as loans held for sale, loans and securities; and 

interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. 

A  substantial  percentage  of  our  interest-earning  assets,  such  as  residential  and  commercial  mortgage  loans,  have  longer 
maturities than our interest-bearing liabilities, which consist primarily of savings and demand accounts, certificates of deposit 
and borrowings.  As a result, our net interest income is adversely affected if the average cost of our interest-bearing liabilities 
increases more rapidly than the average yield on our interest-earning assets. 

The  Board  of  Governors  of  the  Federal  Reserve  (the  “Federal  Reserve  Board”)  maintained  the  federal  funds  rate  at  the 
historically low rate of 0.25% during fiscal 2012 and 2011. The federal funds rate has a direct correlation to general rates of 
interest, including our interest-bearing deposits.  Our mix of asset and liabilities are considered to be sensitive to interest rate 
changes.   In a low rate environment, we may be susceptible to the payoff or refinance of high rate mortgage loans that could 
reduce net interest income. On the other hand, if interest rates rise, net interest income could be reduced because interest paid 
on interest-bearing liabilities, including deposits and borrowings, increases  more quickly than interest received on interest-
earning assets, including loans and mortgage-backed and related securities.  In addition, rising interest rates may negatively 
affect income because higher rates may reduce the demand for loans, including loan production in the Company’s mortgage 
operations, and the value of mortgage-related and investment securities.   

We May Not Be Able To Continue To Support The Realization Of Our Deferred Tax Asset. 

We  calculate  income  taxes  in  accordance  with  ASC  740  Income  Taxes  (formerly  Statement  of  Financial  Accounting 
Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”), which requires the use of the asset and liability method.  In accordance 
with ASC 740, we regularly assess available positive and negative evidence to determine whether it is more likely than not 
that  our  deferred  tax  asset  balances  will  be  recovered  from  reversals  of  deferred  tax  liabilities,  potential  utilization  of  net 
operating loss carrybacks, tax planning strategies and future taxable income.    At  December 31, 2012, our  net deferred tax 
asset  was  $6.8  million,  for  which  we  have  not  established  a  valuation  allowance.    We  recognized  the  deferred  tax  asset 
because  management believes, based on earnings and  detailed financial projections, that it is more likely than not,  that  we 
will  have  sufficient  future  earnings  to  utilize  this  asset  to  offset  future  income  tax  liabilities.  Realization  of  a  deferred  tax 
asset  requires  us  to  apply  significant  judgment  and  is  inherently  speculative  because  it  requires  the  future  occurrence  of 
circumstances that cannot be predicted with certainty.  We cannot be assured that we will achieve sufficient future taxable 
income  as  the  basis  for  the  ultimate  realization  of  our  deferred  tax  asset  and  therefore  we  may  have  to  establish  a  full  or 
partial valuation allowance at some point in the future.  If we determine that a valuation allowance is necessary, this would 
require us to incur a charge to operations that would adversely affect our capital position.  

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CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

At December 31, 2012, we had $6.8 million of allowable net deferred tax assets for regulatory capital purposes, which is the 
amount  that  is  expected  to  be  recovered  based  on  a  two-year  net  operating  loss  carryback  and  the  next  four  quarters 
calculation.    There  is  no  assurance  that  we  will  be  able  to  continue  to  recognize  any,  or  all,  of  the  deferred  tax  asset  for 
regulatory capital purposes.   

Our  Ability  To  Service  The  Company’s  Debt  And  Pay  Other  Obligations  Of  The  Company  As  They  Come  Due  Is 
Substantially Dependent  On  Capital Distributions  From The Company’s Subsidiaries.  These Distributions  Are Subject 
To Regulatory Limits And Other Restrictions, Including Directives From The FDIC Which Prohibit Distributions By The 
Bank Without Prior Regulatory Approval.  

The  Company  is  a  bank  holding  company  and  relies  upon  dividends  from  the  Bank  and  its  other  subsidiaries  to  fund  a 
significant  portion  of  its  operations.    We  use  these  dividends  to  service  the  Company’s  debt  obligations  (including  our 
outstanding line of credit and our trust preferred securities), and to otherwise fund the Company’s operations and to meet its 
obligations.  The ability of the Bank to pay dividends or make other capital distributions to the Company is subject to the 
regulatory  authority  of  the  FDIC  and  the  South  Carolina  Board  of  Financial  Institutions  (the  "South  Carolina  Board").    In 
general, a South Carolina state bank may not pay dividends from capital.  All dividends must be paid out of undivided profits 
then on hand, after deducting expenses, including reserves for losses and bad debts.  Unless otherwise instructed by the South 
Carolina Board, the Bank is generally permitted under South Carolina state banking regulations to pay cash dividends of up 
to 100% of net income in any calendar  year  without obtaining  the prior approval of the South  Carolina Board.  However, 
given the restrictions imposed by the Bank’s regulators, at December 31, 2012 the Bank cannot pay dividends without prior 
approval  from  the  appropriate  regulatory  agencies.    In  addition,  under  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation 
Improvement Act, the Bank may not pay a dividend if, after paying the dividend, the Bank would be undercapitalized.  The 
Federal Reserve Board may also prevent the payment of a dividend by the Bank if it determines that the payment would be an 
unsafe and unsound banking practice. 

If the Bank or Carolina Services are unable to pay dividends to the Company, the Company may not be able to service its 
debts  as  they  come  due  and,  in  such  event,  our  creditors  may  seek  remedies  against  us  that  would  adversely  affect  our 
business and the value of your shares of common stock. 

Beginning with the scheduled payment date of December 31, 2010, the Company has deferred the payment of interest on its 
outstanding  trust  preferred  securities  for  a  period  not  to  exceed  20  consecutive  quarterly  periods.    This  and  any  future 
deferred  distributions  will  continue  to  accrue  interest.    Distributions  on  these  trust  preferred  securities  are  cumulative.  
Therefore,  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  the  Company  will  continue  to  accrue  the  monthly 
cost  of  the  trust  preferred  securities  as  it  has  since  issuance.    The  balance  of  deferred  payments  at  December  31,  2012  is 
approximately $1.2 million.  

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform And Consumer Protection Act Could Increase Our Regulatory Compliance Burden 
And  Associated  Costs,  Place  Restrictions  On  Certain  Products  And  Services,  And  Limit  Our  Future  Capital  Raising 
Strategies.  

The  Dodd-Frank  Wall  Street  Reform  and  Consumer  Protection  Act  (the  “Dodd-Frank  Act”)  has  and  will  continue  to 
significantly change bank regulatory structure and affect the lending, deposit, investment, trading and operating activities of 
financial institutions and their holding companies.  The Dodd-Frank Act requires various federal agencies to adopt a broad 
range of new rules and regulations, and to prepare numerous studies and reports for Congress.  The federal agencies are given 
significant discretion in drafting and implementing rules and regulations, and consequently, many of the details and much of 
the impact of the Dodd-Frank Act may not be known for many months or years. 

The Dodd-Frank Act also created the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection and gives it broad rule-making authority for a 
wide range of consumer protection laws that apply to all banks and savings institutions, including the authority to prohibit 
“unfair deceptive or abusive” acts and practices.  

Proposals  for  further  regulation  of  the  financial  services  industry  are  continually  being  introduced  to  the  Congress  of  the 
United  States  of  America.    The  agencies  regulating  the  financial  services  industry  also  periodically  adopt  changes  to  their 
regulations.  It is possible that additional legislative proposals may be adopted or regulatory changes may be made that would 
have any adverse effect on our business.  In addition, it is expected that such regulatory changes will increase our operating 

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FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

and compliance cost.  We can provide no assurance regarding the manner in which any new laws and regulations will affect 
us.  

Changes  In  Economic  Conditions,  In  Particular  An  Economic  Slowdown  In  South  Carolina,  Could  Materially  And 
Negatively Affect Our Business. 

Our business is directly impacted by factors such as economic, political and market conditions, broad trends in industry and 
finance, legislative and regulatory changes, changes in government monetary and fiscal policies and inflation, all of which 
are beyond our control. Any further deterioration in economic conditions, whether caused by national or local concerns, in 
particular any further economic slowdown in South Carolina, could result in the following consequences, any of which could 
hurt our business materially: loan delinquencies may increase; problem assets and foreclosures may increase; demand for our 
products and services may decrease; low cost or noninterest bearing deposits may decrease; and collateral for loans made by 
us, especially real estate, may decline in value, in turn reducing customers’ borrowing power, and reducing the value of assets 
and collateral associated  with our existing loans. The State of South Carolina and certain local governments in our  market 
area  continue  to  face  fiscal  challenges  upon  which  the  long-term  impact  on  the  State’s  or  the  local  economy  cannot  be 
predicted. 

Continuation Of The Economic Downturn Could Reduce Our Customer Base, Our Level Of Deposits, And Demand For 
Financial Products Such As Loans. 

Our success significantly depends upon the growth in population, income levels, deposits, and housing starts in our markets.  
The current economic downturn has negatively affected the markets in which we operate and, in turn, the quality of our loan 
portfolio.    If  the  communities  in  which  we  operate  do  not grow  or  if  prevailing  economic  conditions  locally  or  nationally 
remain unfavorable, our business may not succeed.  A continuation of the economic downturn or prolonged recession would 
likely result in the continued deterioration of the quality of our loan portfolio and reduce our level of deposits, which in turn 
would hurt our business.  Interest received on loans represented approximately 85% of our interest income for the year ended 
December  31,  2012.    If  the  economic  downturn  continues  or  a  prolonged  economic  recession  occurs  in  the  economy  as  a 
whole, borrowers will be less likely to repay their loans as scheduled.  Moreover, in many cases the value of real estate or 
other  collateral  that  secures  our  loans  has  been  adversely  affected  by  the  economic  conditions  and  could  continue  to  be 
negatively  affected.    Unlike  many  larger  institutions,  we  are  not  able  to  spread  the  risks  of  unfavorable  local  economic 
conditions across a large number of diversified economies.  A continued economic downturn could, therefore, result in losses 
that materially and adversely affect our business. 

Our Small-To-Medium-Sized Business Target Markets May Have Fewer Financial Resources To Weather A Downturn In 
The Economy. 

We target the banking and financial services needs of small- and medium-sized businesses.  These businesses generally have 
fewer financial resources in terms of capital borrowing capacity than larger entities.  If general economic conditions continue 
to negatively impact these  businesses in the  markets in  which  we operate, our business, financial condition, and results of 
operation may be adversely affected. 

Recently Enacted Consumer Protection Regulations Related to Automated Overdraft Payment Programs Could Adversely 
Affect the Company’s Business Operations, Net Income and Profitability. 

The  Federal  Reserve  Board  and  FDIC  recently  enacted  consumer  protection  regulations  related  to  automated  overdraft 
payment programs offered by financial institutions.  The Company has implemented changes to its business practices relating 
to overdraft payment programs in order to comply with these regulations.  For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, 
the  Company’s  overdraft  and  insufficient  funds  fees  represented  a  significant  amount  of  non-interest  fees  collected  by  the 
Bank.    Since  taking  effect  on  July  1,  2011,  the  fees  received  by  the  Bank  for  automated  overdraft  payment  services  have 
decreased, thereby adversely  impacting the Bank’s non-interest income.   Complying  with these regulations has resulted in 
increased operational costs.  The actual impact of these regulations in future periods could vary due to a variety of factors, 
including  changes  in  customer  behavior,  economic  conditions  and  other  factors,  which  could  adversely  the  Company’s 
business operations, net income and profitability. 

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CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

A  Failure  In  Or  Breach  Of  Our  Operational  Or  Security  Systems  Or  Infrastructure,  Or  Those  Of  Our  Third  Party 
Vendors  And  Other  Service  Providers  Or  Other  Third  Parties,  Including  As  A  Result  Of  Cyber  Attacks,  Could  Disrupt 
Our  Businesses,  Result  In  The  Disclosure  Or  Misuse  Of  Confidential  Or  Proprietary  Information,  Damage  Our 
Reputation, Increase Our Costs, And Cause Losses.   

We  rely  heavily  on  communications  and  information  systems  to  conduct  our  business.    Information  security  risks  for 
financial  institutions  such  as  ours  have  generally  increased  in  recent  years  in  part  because  of  the  proliferation  of  new 
technologies, the use of the internet and telecommunications technologies to conduct financial transactions, and the increased 
sophistication and activities of organized crime, hackers, and terrorists, activists, and other external parties.  As client, public, 
and  regulatory  expectations  regarding  operational  and  information  security  have  increased,  our  operating  systems  and 
infrastructure  must  continue  to  be  safeguarded  and  monitored  for  potential  failures,  disruptions,  and  breakdowns.    Our 
business,  financial,  accounting,  and  data  processing  systems,  or  other  operating  systems  and  facilities  may  stop  operating 
properly  or  become  disabled  or  damaged  as  a  result  of  a  number  of  factors,  including  events  that  are  wholly  or  partially 
beyond  our  control.    For  example,  there  could  be  electrical  or  telecommunication  outages;  natural  disasters  such  as 
earthquakes,  tornadoes,  and  hurricanes;  disease  pandemics;  events  arising  from  local  or  larger  scale  political  or  social 
matters, including terrorist acts; and as described below, cyber attacks.   

As  noted  above,  our  business  relies  on  our  digital  technologies,  computer  and  email  systems,  software  and  networks  to 
conduct its operations.  Although we have information security procedures and controls in place, our technologies, systems, 
networks, and our clients’ devices may become the target of cyber attacks or information security breaches that could result 
in the unauthorized release, gathering,  monitoring,  misuse, loss, or destruction of our or our clients’ or other third parties’ 
business  operations.    Third  parties  with  whom  we  do  business  or  that  facilitate  our  business  activities,  including  financial 
intermediaries, or vendors that provide service or security solutions for our operations, and other third parties, including the 
South  Carolina  Department  of  Revenue,  which  had  records  exposed  in  a  2012  cyber  attack,  could  also  be  sources  of 
operational  and  information  security  risk  to  us,  including  from  breakdowns  or  failures  of  their  own  systems  or  capacity 
constraints.   

While  we  have  disaster  recovery  and  other  policies  and  procedures  designed  to  prevent  or  limit  the  effect  of  the  failure, 
interruption or security breach of our information systems, there can be no assurance that any such failures, interruptions or 
security breaches will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed.  Our risk and exposure to these 
matters  remains  heightened  because  of  the  evolving  nature  of  these  threats.    As  a  result,  cybersecurity  and  the  continued 
development and enhancement of our controls, processes, and practices designed to protect our systems, computers, software, 
data, and networks from attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a focus for us.  As threats continue to evolve, we may 
be required to expend additional resources  to continue to  modify or enhance our protective  measures or to investigate and 
remediate information security vulnerabilities.  Disruptions or failures tin the physical infrastructure or operating systems that 
support our businesses and clients, or cyber attacks or security breaches of the network, systems or devices that our clients 
use to access our products and services could result in client attrition, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, reputation 
damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs, any of which could have a material 
effect on our results of operations or financial condition.   

The Company Relies On Other Companies To Provide Key Components Of Its Business Infrastructure.  

Third party vendors provide certain key components of the Company’s business infrastructure such as internet connections, 
network access and core transactional and financial systems.  While the Company has selected third party vendors carefully, 
it  does  not  control  their  operations.    Any  problems  caused  by  these  third  parties,  including  those  which  result  from  their 
failure to provide services for any reason or their poor performance of services, could adversely impact the Company’s ability 
to deliver products and services to its customers and otherwise to conduct its business.  Replacing these third parties could 
also entail significant delay and expense. 

We May Be Required To Pay Significantly Higher FDIC Premiums Or Special Assessments That Could Adversely Affect 
Our Earnings.  

Market developments have significantly depleted the insurance fund of the FDIC and reduced the ratio of reserves to insured 
deposits. As a result, we may be required to pay significantly higher premiums or additional special assessments that could 
adversely  affect  our  earnings.  In  addition,  on  November  12,  2009,  the  FDIC  adopted  a rule  requiring  banks  to  prepay,  on 
December 30, 2009, three years’ worth of premiums to replenish the depleted insurance fund. As a result, the amount of our 

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CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
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prepaid assessment was approximately $5.7 million.   Prepaid FDIC premiums at December 31, 2012 totaled $2.0 million.  It 
is  possible  that  the  FDIC  may  impose  additional  special  assessments  in  the  future  as  part  of  its  restoration  plan.    We  are 
generally  unable to control the amount of premiums that  we are required to pay for FDIC insurance. If  there  is additional 
bank  or  financial  institution  failures,  we  may  be  required  to  pay  even  higher  FDIC  premiums.    Any  future  increases  or 
required prepayments in FDIC insurance premiums may materially adversely affect our results of operations. 

The Fiscal And Monetary Policy Of The Federal Government And Its Agencies Could Have A Material Adverse Effect On 
Our Earnings. 

The Federal Reserve Board regulates the supply of money and credit in the United States.  Its policies determine in large part 
the cost of funds for lending and investing and the return earned on those loans and investments, both of which affect the net 
interest  margin.    Its  policies  also  can  materially  decrease  the  value  of  financial  instruments  that  we  hold,  such  as  debt 
securities and mortgage servicing rights.  Its policies also can adversely affect borrowers, potentially increasing the risk that 
they may fail to repay their loans.  Further, our mortgage subsidiary’s loan production volumes are significantly affected by 
changes  in  long-term  interest  rates.    Changes  in  Federal  Reserve  Board  policies  are  beyond  our  control  and  difficult  to 
predict; consequently, the impact of these changes on our activities and results of operations is difficult to predict.   

Our Funding Sources May Prove Insufficient To Replace Deposits And Support Future Growth. 

We  rely  on  customer  deposits,  including  brokered  deposits,  advances  from  the  Federal  Home  Loan  Bank  (“FHLB”)  and 
Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), and other borrowings to fund operations.  Although the Company has historically been able 
to replace maturing deposits and advances, if desired, no assurance can be given that we would be able to replace such funds 
in the future if the financial condition of the FHLB or programs sponsored by the FRB, regulatory restrictions on brokered 
deposits or regulatory restrictions on  the pricing of local deposits or other  market conditions  were to change.  In addition, 
certain borrowing sources are on a secured basis.  The FHLB has become more restrictive on the types of collateral it will 
accept and the amount of borrowings allowed on acceptable collateral.  Due to changes applied by rating agencies on bonds, 
changes  in  collateral  requirements  or  deteriorating  loan  quality,  outstanding  borrowings  could  be  required  to  be  repaid, 
incurring prepayment penalties.  Our financial flexibility will be severely constrained if we are unable to maintain access to 
funding at acceptable interest rates.  Finally, if we are required to rely more heavily on more expensive funding sources to 
support future operations, our revenues may not increase proportionally to cover these costs. 

In addition, Crescent Mortgage funds mortgage loans held for sale through a warehouse line of credit and a purchase and sale 
agreement.    A  decline  in  economic  conditions  could  result  in  sources  of  warehouse  lending  decreasing  and  could  affect 
Crescent Mortgage’s ability to fund loans held for sale. 

The Company Is Subject To Liquidity Risk. 

The inability of the Company to raise funds through deposits, including brokered deposits, borrowings, sale of securities or 
other sources could have a substantial negative impact on the Company’s liquidity.  Factors that could detrimentally impact 
the Company’s access to liquidity include a decrease in the level of the Company’s business activity or adverse regulatory 
action  against  the  Company.    The  Company’s  ability  to  borrow  could  be  impaired  by  such  factors  as  a  disruption  in  the 
financial  markets  or  negative  views  and  expectations  of  the  prospects  for  the  financial  services  industry.    Although  the 
Company’s current sources of funds are considered adequate for its current liquidity needs, there can be no assurance in this 
regard for the future.  If additional debt is needed in the future, there can be no assurance that such debt would be available 
or, if available, would be on favorable terms.  The ability of the Company to raise capital or borrow in the debt markets has 
been negatively affected by recent economic conditions.  If additional financing sources are unavailable or not available on 
reasonable terms, the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and future prospects could be adversely affected. 

The  Short-Term  And  Long-Term  Impact  Of  The  Changing  Regulatory  Capital  Requirements  And  Anticipated  New 
Capital Rules Is Uncertain. 

On September 12, 2010, the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision, the oversight body of the Basel Committee on 
Banking Supervision, announced an agreement to a strengthened set of capital requirements for internationally active banking 
organizations in the U.S. and around the world, known as Basel III. On June 7, 2012, the Federal Reserve Board, the Office 
of the Comptroller of the Currency and the FDIC issued a joint notice of proposed rulemaking that would implement sections 

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CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
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of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  that  encompass  certain  aspects  of  Basel  III  with  respect  to  capital  and  liquidity.  On  November  9, 
2012, following a public comment period, the U.S. federal banking agencies announced that the originally proposed January 
1,  2013  effective  date  for  the  proposed  rules  was  being  delayed  so  that  the  agencies  could  consider  operational  and 
transitional issues identified in the large volume of public comments received.   The propose rules, if adopted, would lead to 
significantly higher capital requirements and more restrictive leverage and liquidity ratios than those currently in place. 

Various  provisions  of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  increase  the  capital  requirements  of  bank  holding  companies,  such  as  the 
Company, and non-bank financial companies that are supervised by the Federal Reserve Board. The leverage and risk-based 
capital  ratios  of  these  entities  may  not  be  lower  than  the  leverage  and  risk-based  capital  ratios  for  insured  depository 
institutions.  In  particular,  bank  holding  companies,  many  of  which  have  long  relied  on  trust  preferred  securities  as  a 
component of their regulatory capital,  will  no longer be permitted to issue new trust preferred securities that count toward 
their Tier 1 capital. While the Basel III changes and other regulatory capital requirements will likely result in generally higher 
regulatory capital standards, it is difficult at this time to predict how new standards will ultimately be applied to the Company 
and the Bank. 

In  addition,  in  the  current  economic  and  regulatory  environment,  regulators  of  banks  and  bank  holding  companies  have 
become more likely to impose capital requirements on bank holding companies and banks that are more stringent than those 
required by applicable existing regulations. 

The application of more stringent capital requirements for the Company and the Bank could, among other things, result in 
lower  returns  on  invested  capital,  require  the  issuance  of  additional  capital,  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  pay  dividends, 
require  us  to  reduce  business  levels  and  result  in  regulatory  actions  if  we  were  to  be  unable  to  comply  with  such 
requirements. 

We May Elect Or Be Compelled To Seek Additional Capital In The Future, But That Capital May Not Be Available When 
It Is Needed. 

We are required by federal regulatory authorities to maintain adequate levels of capital to support our operations.  Should we 
elect or be required by regulatory authorities to raise additional capital, we may seek to do so through the issuance of, among 
other things, our common or preferred stock.  Our ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on conditions in 
the capital markets, economic conditions and a number of other factors, many of which are outside of our control, and our 
financial performance.  Accordingly, there is no assurance that we will have the ability to raise additional capital if needed or 
on  terms  acceptable  to  us.      Failure  to  be  able  to  raise  additional  capital  could  result  in  the  Company  not  meeting  our 
regulatory capital standards.  

If Our Investment In The Federal Home Loan Bank Of Atlanta Were Impaired In The Future, Our Earnings And 
Stockholders’ Equity Would Decrease. 

We own common stock of the FHLB of Atlanta.  We hold this stock to qualify for membership in the FHLB System and to 
be eligible to borrow funds under the FHLB’s advance program.  There is no market for our FHLB of Atlanta common stock.  
Recent published reports indicate that certain  member banks of  the FHLB System  may be subject to accounting rules and 
asset quality risks that could result in materially lower regulatory capital levels.  In an extreme situation, it is possible that the 
capitalization of a FHLB, including the FHLB of Atlanta, could be substantially diminished.  Consequently, there is a risk 
that our investment in FHLB of Atlanta common stock could be impaired at some time in the future.  If this occurs, it would 
cause our earnings and stockholders’ equity to decrease. 

The Company Is Subject To Extensive Governmental Regulation, Which Could Have An Adverse Impact On Our 
Operations. 

The banking and mortgage banking industry is extensively regulated and supervised under both federal and state law.  The 
Company is subject to the regulation and supervision of the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC, and the South Carolina Board 
as  well  as  a  number  of  states  where  Crescent  Mortgage  originates  or  purchases  loans.    These  regulations  are  intended 
primarily to protect depositors, the public and the FDIC insurance fund, and not our shareholders.  These regulations govern 
matters ranging from the  maintenance of adequate capital to the general business operations and financial condition of the 
Company.    Any  changes  in  federal  and  state  law,  as  well  as  regulations  and  governmental  policies,  income  tax  laws  and 

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accounting principles, could affect the Company in substantial and unpredictable ways, including ways that could adversely 
affect its business, financial condition or results of operations. 

Our Operating Results In Fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 Have Been Highly Dependent Upon The Results Of Our Mortgage 
Subsidiary. 

There  are  a  number  of  items  that  could  adversely  affect  the  volumes  and  margin  of  the  Company’s  mortgage  banking 
operations.    These  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board’s  monetary  policy  including  its  quantitative 
easing  program,  aggressively  low  rates,  reduction  in  prices  paid  by  the  mortgage  banking  aggregators,  aggressive 
competition,  the  housing  market  recovery,  the  status  and  financial  condition  of  Fannie  Mae  and  Freddie  Mac,  potential 
changes  in  Fannie  Mae  and  Freddie  Mac  lending  guidelines  and  programs,  proposed  changes  in  the  FHA  lending 
requirements, extensive regulatory changes and liquidity.  Should these factors significantly impact production of mortgages, 
it is likely that the Company’s earnings would be adversely affected.  

Our Mortgage Subsidiary’s Operations Are Exposed To Significant Repurchase Risk. 

Crescent Mortgage is exposed to significant repurchase risk on mortgage loan production related to potential reimbursements 
for loans sold to third parties for borrower fraud, underwriting and documentation issues, early defaults and prepayments of 
sold loans.  If the Company experiences significant losses related to repurchase risk, it is possible that the reserve established 
for such exposure is  not adequate.  The Company continues to receive repurchase requests.  The Company evaluates  each 
request and provides estimated reserves as necessary.  We believe that the reserve related to repurchase risk is adequate to 
absorb  probable  losses;  however,  we  cannot  predict  these  losses  or  whether  our  reserve  will  be  adequate.    Any  of  these 
occurrences could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and profitability.   

The Value Of Our Loan Servicing Portfolio May Become Impaired In The Future. 

As of December 31, 2012, Crescent Mortgage serviced approximately $2.2 billion of loans. At that date, our mortgage loan 
servicing rights  were recorded as an asset  with a carrying  value of approximately  $12.0  million.  We expect that our loan 
servicing portfolio will increase in the future.  If interest rates decline and the actual and expected mortgage loan prepayment 
rates increase, the Company could incur an impairment of its mortgage loan servicing asset. 

Competition With Other Financial Institutions May Have An Adverse  Effect On Our Ability To Retain  And Grow Our 
Client Base, Which Could Have A Negative Effect On Our Financial Condition Or Results Of Operations. 

The banking and financial services industry is very competitive and includes services offered from other banks, savings and 
loan  associations,  credit  unions,  mortgage  companies,  other  lenders,  and  institutions  offering  uninsured  investment 
alternatives.  Legal  and  regulatory  developments  have  made  it  easier  for  new  and  sometimes  unregulated  competitors  to 
compete  with  us. The financial services industry  has and is experiencing an ongoing trend towards consolidation in which 
fewer  large  national  and  regional  banks  and  other  financial  institutions  are  replacing  many  smaller  and  more  local  banks. 
These larger banks and other financial institutions hold a large accumulation of assets and have significantly greater resources 
and  a  wider  geographic  presence  or  greater  accessibility.  In  some  instances,  these  larger  entities  operate  without  the 
traditional  brick  and  mortar  facilities  that  restrict  geographic  presence.  Some  competitors  have  more  aggressive  marketing 
campaigns  and  better  brand  recognition,  and  are  able  to  offer  more  services,  more  favorable  pricing  or  greater  customer 
convenience than our Bank. In addition, competition has increased from new banks and other financial services providers that 
target our existing or potential customers. As consolidation continues among large banks, we expect other smaller institutions 
to try to compete in the markets we serve. This competition could reduce our net income by decreasing the number and size 
of  the  loans  that  we  originate  and  the  interest  rates  we  charge  on  these  loans.  Additionally,  these  competitors  may  offer 
higher interest rates, which could decrease the deposits we attract or require us to increase rates to retain existing deposits or 
attract  new  deposits.  Increased  deposit  competition  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  generate  the  funds  necessary  for 
lending operations which could increase our cost of funds. 

The financial services industry could become even more competitive as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological 
changes  and  continued  consolidation.  Banks,  securities  firms  and  insurance  companies  can  merge  as  part  of  a  financial 
holding  company,  which  can  offer  virtually  any  type  of  financial  service,  including  banking,  securities  underwriting, 
insurance  (both  agency  and  underwriting)  and  merchant  banking.  Technological  developments  have  allowed  competitors, 

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including  some  non-depository  institutions,  to  compete  more  effectively  in  local  markets  and  have  expanded  the  range  of 
financial products, services and capital available to our target customers.  If we are unable to implement, maintain and use 
such technologies effectively, we may not be able to offer products or achieve cost-efficiencies necessary to compete in the 
industry. In addition, some of these competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and lower cost structures. 

Hurricanes And Other Natural Disasters May Adversely Affect Loan Portfolios And Operations And Increase The Cost 
Of Doing Business. 

The  Company  operates  in  markets  that  are  susceptible  to  natural  disasters.    Large-scale  natural  disasters  may  significantly 
affect  loan  portfolios  by  damaging  properties  pledged  as  collateral,  affecting  the  economies  our  borrowers  live  in,  and  by 
impairing the ability of the borrower to repay their loans. 

Negative Public Opinion Surrounding The Company And The Financial Institutions Industry Generally Could Damage 
Our Reputation And Adversely Impact Our Earnings. 

Reputation risk, or the risk to our business, earnings and capital from negative public opinion surrounding our Company and 
the financial institutions industry generally, is inherent in our business. Negative public opinion can result from our actual or 
alleged  conduct  in  any  number  of  activities,  including  lending  practices,  corporate  governance  and  acquisitions,  and  from 
actions taken by government regulators and community organizations in response to those activities. Negative public opinion 
can  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  keep  and  attract  clients  and  employees  and  can  expose  us  to  litigation  and  regulatory 
action. Although we take steps to minimize reputation risk in dealing with our clients and communities, this risk will always 
be present given the nature of our business. 

The Company And Its Subsidiaries Are Involved In Litigation. 

In the course of ordinary business, the Bank is, from time to time, named a party to legal actions and proceedings, primarily 
related  to  the  collection  of  loans  and  foreclosed  assets.  In  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  the 
Company  establishes  reserves  for  litigation  and  regulatory  matters  when  those  matters  present  loss  contingencies  that  are 
both probable and estimable. When loss contingencies are not both probable and estimable, the Company does not establish 
reserves.  

The Bank also has a claim against it relating to one of its former executive officers.  Effective July 31, 2011, the Company 
combined its wholly-owned subsidiary bank, Community FirstBank, with and into its other wholly-owned subsidiary bank, 
Crescent  Bank,  effectuating  an  internal  reorganization.    The  resultant  bank  was  renamed  CresCom  Bank.  The  former 
executive officer had an employment agreement with Community FirstBank and claims the internal reorganization triggered 
the severance provisions of the employment agreement.  The former executive officer initially claimed he is due an aggregate 
amount of approximately $1.8 million but has since amended his complaint seeking approximately $10 million in damages.  
The Company hired special counsel to review the claims made by the former executive officer.  Based upon the review by 
special counsel, the Company strongly disagrees with the former executive officer’s assertion that the internal reorganization 
triggered  the  severance  provisions  of  the  employment  agreement  and  intends  to  vigorously  defend  its  position,  including 
potentially  making  certain  counterclaims  against  the  former  executive  officer.  Management  believes  there  is  not  sufficient 
information available at this time to make an evaluation as to the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome of this claim or to 
estimate the amount of potential loss, if any. Accordingly, no amounts have been accrued in the accompanying balance sheet 
as of December 31, 2012.   

There Is No Active Public Trading Market For Our Common Stock, And One Is Not Expected To Develop. 

Our  common  stock  is  not  listed  for  trading  on  any  securities  exchange,  and  we  presently  do  not  intend  to  apply  to  list  our 
common stock on any  national securities exchange at any time in the foreseeable future.  Consequently, the liquidity of our 
common stock, and our investors ability to sell shares of our common stock, will depend upon the interest of the Company, 
existing shareholders and other potential purchasers.  As a result of this limited market, it may be difficult to identify buyers to 
whom  our  investors  can  sell  their  shares  of  our  common  stock,  and  our  investors  may  be  unable  to  sell  their  shares  at  an 
established market price, at a price that is favorable to the investors, or at all.  This limited market will restrict our investors 
ability to sell  shares of our common stock at a desirable or stable price or at all, at any one time.  Our investors should be 
prepared to own our common stock indefinitely. 

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We May Issue Additional Shares Of Common Or Preferred Stock, Which May Dilute The Interests Of Our Shareholders 
And May Adversely Impact The Market Price Of Our Common Stock.  

We are currently authorized to issue up to 6,800,000 shares of common stock, of which 1,918,992 shares were outstanding as 
of March 15, 2013, and up to 200,000 shares of preferred stock, of which no shares are outstanding. We may need to incur 
additional  debt  or  equity  financing  in  the  future  to  strengthen  our  capital  position  or  to  make  strategic  acquisitions  or 
investments. If we determine, for any reason, that we need to raise capital, our Board of Directors generally has the authority, 
without  action  by  or  vote  of  the  shareholders,  to  issue  all  or  part  of  any  authorized  but  unissued  shares  of  stock  for  any 
corporate  purpose,  including  issuance  of  equity-based  incentives  under  or  outside  of  our  equity  compensation  plans. 
Additionally, we are not restricted from issuing additional common stock or preferred stock, including any securities that are 
convertible  into  or  exchangeable  for,  or  that  represent  the  right  to  receive,  common  stock  or  preferred  stock  or  any 
substantially  similar  securities.    Any  issuance  of  additional  shares  of  common  stock  or  preferred  stock  will  dilute  the 
percentage ownership interest of our shareholders and may dilute the book value per share of our common stock.  

Shares Of Our Common Stock Are Not Insured Bank Deposits And Are Subject To Market Risk. 

Our shares of common stock are not deposits, savings accounts or other obligations of the Company, our Bank or any other 
depository  institution,  are  not  guaranteed  by  us  or  any  other  entity,  and  are  not  insured  by  the  FDIC  or  any  other 
governmental agency. 

Overview 

Carolina Financial Corporation, a bank holding company, is a Delaware corporation that was incorporated in 1996 and began 
operations in 1997.  We operate principally through CresCom Bank, a South Carolina state-chartered bank.  Our assets are 
approximately $888.7 million at December 31, 2012 and approximately $826.2 million at December 31, 2011. 

Our subsidiaries provide a full range of financial services designed to meet the financial needs of our customers, including: 

•  Commercial and retail banking; 
•  Mortgage banking; and 
•  Cash management. 

Carolina Financial Corporation, through CresCom Bank, currently conducts business through 10 bank branches located in the 
following  counties:    Charleston  (4),  Dorchester  (2),  and  Horry  (4)  in  South  Carolina.    Effective  July  31,  2011,  Carolina 
Financial  Corporation  merged  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary  bank,  Community  FirstBank  of  Charleston  (“Community 
FirstBank”),  with  and  into  its  other  wholly-owned  subsidiary  bank,  Crescent  Bank.    In  conjunction  with  this  internal 
reorganization,  Crescent  Bank’s  name  was  changed  to  CresCom  Bank  and  Crescent  Mortgage,  formerly  a  wholly-owned 
subsidiary of Community FirstBank, became a wholly-owned subsidiary of CresCom Bank. Crescent Mortgage is located in 
DeKalb County, Georgia, and is qualified to originate loans in 42 states. 

The following discussion describes our results of operations for 2012 as compared to 2011 and 2011 as compared to 2010 
and  also  analyzes  our  financial  condition  as  of  December  31,  2012  as  compared  to  December  31,  2011.    Like  most 
community banks, we derive most of our income from interest we receive on our loans and investments.  Our primary source 
of  funds  for  making  these  loans  and  investments  is  our  deposits,  both  interest-bearing  and  noninterest-bearing.  
Consequently, one of the  key  measures of our success is our amount of  net interest income, or the difference between the 
income on our interest-earning assets, such as loans and investments, and the expense on our interest-bearing liabilities, such 
as deposits and borrowed funds.  In order to maximize our net interest income, we must not only manage the volume of these 
balance  sheet  items,  but  also  the  yields  that  we  earn  on  our  interest-earning  assets  and  the  rates  that  we  pay  on  interest-
bearing liabilities. 

Of  course,  there  are  risks  inherent  in  all  loans,  so  we  maintain  an  allowance  for  loan  losses  to  absorb  probable  losses  on 
existing  loans  that  may  become  uncollectible.    We  establish  and  maintain  this  allowance  by  charging  a  provision  for  loan 
losses against our operating earnings.  

In  addition  to  earning  interest  on  our  loans  and  investments,  we  derive  a  substantial  portion  of  our  income  from  Crescent 
Mortgage through net gain on sale of loans held for sale.  We also earn income through fees that we charge to our customers. 

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Likewise, we incur other operating expenses as well.  We describe the various components of this noninterest income, as well 
as our noninterest expense, in the following discussion. 

Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 

Net Income (Loss).  Net income increased $17.8 million to net income of $16.9 million, or $8.80 diluted earnings per share, 
during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to a net loss of $971,000, or $(0.51) diluted loss per share, during the 
year  ended  December  31,  2011.   The  increase  in  net  income  primarily  resulted  from  an  increase  in  net  interest  income  of 
$517,000 and a decrease in provision for loan losses of $8.0 million to $2.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 
compared to $10.7  million during the  year ended December 31, 2011.  In addition, noninterest income increased by $32.6 
million  to  $52.3  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  compared  to  $19.7  million  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2011.  Noninterest expense increased by $12.7 million to $50.1 million during the year ended December 31, 
2012 compared to $37.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2011.  Income tax expense totaled $10.4 million during 
fiscal 2012 related to pre-tax income of $27.3  million compared to income tax benefit of $128,000 on pre-tax loss of $1.1 
million during fiscal 2011. 

Net Interest Income.  Net interest income increased $517,000, or 1.9%, to $27.8 million during the year ended December 31, 
2012 from $27.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2011.   

Average  interest-earning  assets  decreased  $19.2  million  to  $772.6  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  as 
compared to $791.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2011 with a corresponding decrease in average yield of 27 
basis points during that same period.  The reduction in average interest-earning assets is primarily the result of a decrease in 
nonperforming  assets.    During  that  same  period,  interest-bearing  liabilities  also  decreased  $55.8  million  to  $679.2  million 
with a corresponding decrease in the average interest rate paid of 40 basis points.  The reduction in average interest-bearing 
liabilities was primarily due to reduced funds needed to support its balance sheet.  The reduction in the average interest rate 
paid  was  due  primarily  to  the  re-pricing  of  liabilities  in  a  low  rate  environment  during  the  period.    The  overall  change  in 
interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities with their corresponding changes in interest yields earned and interest 
rates  paid  resulted  in  an  increase  in  the  net  interest  margin  during  the  period  of  15  basis  points.    During  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012, the Company also focused on increasing checking and money market deposits.  

Total interest income decreased $3.0 million, or 8.0%, to $35.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 from $38.4 
million during the year ended December 31, 2011.  Average loans held for sale increased $56.7 million, or 113.7%, to $106.6 
million during the year ended December 31, 2012 from $49.9 million during the comparable period in 2011. The significant 
increase  in  the  average  loans  held  for  sale  balances  is  the  result  of  favorable  government  programs,  a  low  interest  rate 
environment  and  management’s  focus  on  customer  service.    The  average  yield  earned  on  loans  held  for  sale  decreased  to 
3.67% from 4.31% during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  As a result, interest income increased 
$1.8 million to $3.9 million during fiscal 2012 from $2.1 million during fiscal 2011.  Average loans receivable, net decreased 
$49.7  million,  or  9.1%,  to  $495.9  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  from  $545.6  million  during  the 
comparable  period  in  2011.    A  significant  portion  of  this  reduction  was  due  to  management’s  focus  on  reducing 
nonperforming assets.  The average yield earned on loans receivable, net decreased to 5.28% from 5.43% during the years 
ended  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  respectively.    At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  approximately  52%  and  59%, 
respectively, of the outstanding loans receivable balance consisted of adjustable rate loans and 48% and 41%, respectively, 
are  fixed  rate  loans.    The  Company  significantly  reduced  total  nonperforming  loans  during  the  year  to  $21.5  million  at 
December  31,  2012  from  $40.3  million  at  December  31,  2011.    This  reduction  reduced  the  Company’s  need  for  interest-
bearing liabilities.  Lost interest, interest not recorded in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations related to 
loans on  nonaccrual, loans charged off during the period, and loans  transferred to real estate acquired through  foreclosure, 
totaled  approximately  $1.6  million  and  $3.5  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  respectively.    The 
average balance of securities available for sale decreased $9.8 million, or 6.7%, to $138.0 million during 2012 from $147.8 
million during 2011.  The yield earned on securities available for sale decreased to 3.56% from 4.25% during the year ended 
December  31,  2012  and  2011,  respectively.      The  average  balance  of  securities  held-to-maturity  decreased  2.7%,  to  $9.4 
million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  from  $9.6  million  during  the  comparable  period  in  2011.    The  average 
yield earned on securities held-to-maturity decreased to 2.25% from 2.30% during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 
2011, respectively.    

Total  interest  expense  decreased  $3.6  million,  or  32.4%,  to  $7.5  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  from 
$11.1  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011.    Average  interest-bearing  liabilities  decreased  $55.8  million,  or 

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7.6%,  to  $679.2  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  from  $735.0  million  during  the  comparable  period  in 
2011.    Average  money  market  balances  remained  constant  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2012  and  2011  at 
approximately $199 million.  However, the average interest rate paid on money markets during the year ended December 31, 
2012 decreased to 0.62% compared to 0.74% during the comparable period in 2011.  Average certificates of deposit balances 
decreased $39.1 million, or 11.3%, to $306.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2011 from $345.8 million during 
the comparable period in 2011.  In addition, the average interest rate paid on certificates of deposit during the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 decreased  significantly to 0.91% compared to 1.44% during the comparable period in 2011.  Average 
short-term borrowing balances decreased $1.5 million, or 3.4%, to $42.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 
from $43.8 million during the comparable period in 2011.  The average rate paid during the year ended December 31, 2012 
on  these  borrowings  declined  significantly  to  1.51%  compared  to  2.38%  during  the  comparable  period  in  2011.    Average 
long-term borrowing balances decreased $24.7 million, or 23.5%, to $80.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 
from $105.0 million during the comparable period in 2011.  The average rate paid during the year ended December 31, 2012 
on these borrowings was 3.36% compared to 3.32% during the comparable period in 2011.   

Provision  for  Loan  Losses.    The  provision  for  loan  losses  decreased  $8.0  million  to  $2.7  million  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 compared to $10.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2011.  The reduction in the provision for 
loan  losses  reflects  lower  net  charge-offs  and  a  significant  improvement  in  our  credit  quality  measures  over  the  last  year.  
Specifically,  the  Company  had  net  charge-offs  of  $5.2  million  or  1.05%  of  average  loans  receivable,  net  during  the  year 
ended December 31, 2012 compared to net charge-offs of $13.0 million or 2.38% of average loans receivable, net during the 
comparable period in 2011.  The allowance for loan losses was 1.86% of loans receivable, or $9.5 million at December 31, 
2012,  a  decrease  of  $2.5  million  from  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  of  $12.0  million  or  2.29%  of  the  loans  receivable,  at 
December  31,  2011.    The  43  basis  point  decrease  in  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  as  a  percentage  of  loans  receivable  is 
primarily due to the decrease in non-performing loans to total loans to 2.98% at December 31, 2012 from 6.5% at December 
31, 2011. 

Noninterest Income.  Total noninterest income increased $32.6 million, or 165.1%, to $52.3 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2012 from $19.7 million during the comparable period in 2011.  This increase is primarily attributable to an 
increase in the gain on sale of loans held for sale of $31.6 million.  In addition, noninterest income reflected a net decrease in 
other-than-temporary impairment of $840,000, a decrease in net gain on sale of securities of $3.3 million, and an increase in 
the loss on extinguishment of debt of $530,000. 

The  Company’s  mortgage  company  experienced  a  significant  increase  in  loan  production  and  a  corresponding  increase  in 
margin due to favorable government programs, a low interest-rate environment and management’s focus on customer service 
resulting in an increase of $31.6 million in gain on sale of loans held for sale.   

During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had investment securities that experienced other-than-
temporary impairment.  Other-than-temporary impairment expense reflected in the accompanying income statement totaled 
$913,000 and $1.8 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  

Net loss on sale of securities during the year ended December 31, 2012 totaled $3.0 million compared to a net gain on sale of 
securities of $306,000 during the comparable period in 2011.   Included in the $3.0 million net loss during fiscal 2012, the 
Company  specifically  sold  the  four  securities  that  incurred  OTTI  expense  as  noted  above  to  improve  asset  quality.    As  a 
result of the sale of those securities, the Company incurred a loss of $3.2 million.  

Certain borrowings were prepaid to manage the cost of funds and related interest rate sensitivity, resulting in a net loss on the 
extinguishment of debt of $1.6 million and $1.1 million during 2012 and 2011, respectively 

Noninterest Expense.  Total noninterest expense increased $12.7 million, or 34.0%, to $50.1 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2012 from $37.4 million during the comparable period in 2011.  This increase is primarily attributable to an 
increase  in  mortgage  loan  repurchase  losses  expense  of  $1.4  million,  salaries  and  employee  benefits  of  $5.7  million,  legal 
expense of $376,000, net of a decrease in FDIC insurance expense of $313,000, other real estate expense of $779,000, and 
other expenses of $5.4 million.   

As a result of the significant increase in the Company’s mortgage company subsidiary production, additional expense related 
to mortgage loan repurchase loss exposure was recorded. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Salaries and benefits expense increased a net $5.7 million, consisting of a net increase at the Company’s mortgage company 
subsidiary  related  to  the  increased  production  totaling  $6.5  million  and  a  net  reduction  in  salaries  and  benefits  at  the 
Company’s banking subsidiary of $0.7 million.   

During fiscal 2012, the Company experienced a $4 million loss related to a kite that is reflected in other expense.    

Income  Tax  Benefit.    Net  income  for  2012  was  $16.9  million  and  the  net  loss  for  2011  was  $971,000.    Accordingly,  the 
income tax benefit decreased $10.5 million to an expense of $10.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 from an 
income tax benefit of $128,000 during the comparable period in 2011.  The Company’s effective tax rate was 38% during the 
year ended December 31, 2012 and the effective benefit rate was 11.6% during the year ended December 31, 2011.  

Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 

Net Income (Loss).  Net loss decreased $11.6 million, or 92.3%, to a net loss of $971,000, or $(0.51) diluted loss per share, 
during the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to a net loss of $12.6 million, or $(6.58) diluted loss per share, during 
the year ended December 31, 2010.  The reduction in the net loss primarily resulted from a decrease in net interest income of 
$2.4 million and a decrease in provision for loan losses of $20.0 million to $10.7 million during the year ended December 31, 
2011  compared to $30.8  million during  the  year ended December 31, 2010.  In addition, noninterest income decreased by 
$1.9  million  to  $19.7  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011  compared  to $21.6  million  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2010.  Noninterest expense decreased by $1.7  million to $37.4  million during the year ended December 31, 
2011 compared to $39.1  million during the  year ended December 31, 2010.  Income  taxes reflected a benefit of $128,000 
during fiscal 2011 related to a pre-tax loss of $1.1 million compared to income tax benefit of $5.9 million on pre-tax loss of 
$18.5 million during fiscal 2010. 

Net Interest Income.  Net interest income decreased $2.4 million, or 8.2%, to $27.3 million during the year ended December 
31, 2011 from $29.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2010.   

Average  interest-earning  assets  decreased  $167.7  million  to  $791.8  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011  as 
compared to $959.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2010 with a corresponding decrease in average yield of 3 
basis points during that same period.  The reduction in average interest-earning assets is primarily the result of a decrease in 
nonperforming assets and a decision by management to shrink the balance sheet to preserve capital.  During that same period, 
interest-bearing  liabilities  also  decreased  $174.6  million  to  $735.0  million  with  a  corresponding  decrease  in  the  average 
interest rate paid of 37 basis points.  The reduction in average interest-bearing liabilities was primarily due to reduced funds 
needed resulting from the Company’s decision to shrink its balance sheet to preserve capital.  The reduction in the average 
interest rate paid was due primarily to the re-pricing of liabilities in a falling rate environment during the period.  The overall 
change in interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities with their corresponding changes in interest yields earned and 
interest  rates  paid  resulted  in  an  increase  in  the  net  interest  margin  during  the  period  of  35  basis  points.    During  the  year 
ended  December  31,  2011,  the  Company  also  focused  on  increasing  checking  and  money  market  deposits  and  reducing 
brokered deposits and higher-rate certificates of deposits.  

Total  interest  income  decreased  $8.4  million,  or  17.9%,  to  $38.4  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011  from 
$46.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2010.  Average loans receivable, net decreased $95.1 million, or 14.8%, to 
$545.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2011 from $640.6 million during the comparable period in 2010.  The 
average yield earned on loans receivable, net increased to 5.43% from 5.42% during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 
2010,  respectively.    At  December  31,  2011  and  2010,  approximately  59%  and  60%,  respectively,  of  the  loan  portfolio 
consisted of adjustable rate loans and approximately 41% and 40%, respectively, consisted of fixed rate loans.  Additionally, 
the  Company’s  net  interest  income  was  adversely  affected  by  the  increase  in  the  average  balance  of  nonaccrual  loans  that 
increased to $36.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2011 from $35.3 million during the year ended December 31, 
2010.    Lost  interest,  interest  not  recorded  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  operations  related  to  loans  on 
nonaccrual,  loans  charged  off  during  the  period,  and  loans  transferred  to  real  estate  acquired  through  foreclosure,  totaled 
approximately $3.5  million and $3.2  million  for the  years  ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.   The average 
balance of securities available for sale increased $41.2 million, or 38.7%, to $147.8 million during 2011 from $106.6 million 
during  2010.    The  yield  earned  on  securities  available  for  sale  increased  to  4.25%  from  3.76%  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.   During 2010, the Company transferred 30 mortgage-backed securities held-to-
maturity  totaling  $91.5  million  to  securities  available-for-sale  and  subsequently  sold  16  of  these  securities  totaling  $63.9 
million.  The Company received $59.4 million of gross proceeds related to the sale of these securities and recognized gross 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

gains of $157,000 and gross losses of $4.6 million.  The Company’s original intent was to hold these securities to maturity.  
However,  these  securities  experienced  significant  deterioration  in  the  issuer’s  creditworthiness.    In  addition,  due  to  credit 
rating  agency  downgrades  in  these  securities,  the  risk  weights  used  for  regulatory  risk-based  capital  purposes  increased.  
Accordingly, the Company changed its intent to hold these securities to maturity.  Management believes that these held-to-
maturity securities were sold under exceptions “a.” and “d.” of ASC 320-10-25-6.  As a result, the sale of these securities is 
not considered inconsistent  with the original intent and classification and, therefore, does not taint the remaining securities 
held-to-maturity portfolio.  During 2011, the Company did not transfer any securities from held-to-maturity to available-for-
sale.  The average balance of securities held-to-maturity decreased $96.0 million, or 90.9%, to $9.6 million during the year 
ended December 31, 2011 from $105.7 million during the comparable period in 2010.  The average yield earned on securities 
held-to-maturity decreased to 2.30% from 5.05% during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.    

Total  interest  expense  decreased  $6.0  million,  or  34.9%,  to  $11.1  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011  from 
$17.1  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31, 2010.  Average  interest-bearing  liabilities  decreased  $174.6  million,  or 
19.2%,  to $735.0  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31, 2011  from  $909.6  million  during  the  comparable  period  in 
2010.  Average money market balances increased $23.6 million, or 13.4%, to $199.5 million during the year ended December 
31, 2011 from $176.0  million during the  comparable period in 2010.  In addition, the average interest rate paid on money 
markets during the year ended December 31, 2011 decreased to 0.74% compared to 1.30% during the comparable period in 
2010.  Average certificates of deposit balances decreased $139.3 million, or 28.7%, to $345.8 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2010 from $485.1 million during the comparable period in 2010.  In addition, the average interest rate paid on 
certificates  of  deposit  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011  decreased  to  1.44%  compared  to  1.94%  during  the 
comparable  period  in  2010.    Average  short-term  borrowing  balances  increased  $21.1  million,  or  93.0%,  to  $43.8  million 
during the year ended December 31, 2011 from $22.7 million during the comparable period in 2010.  The average rate paid 
during the year ended December 31, 2011 on these borrowings was 2.38% compared to 3.12% during the comparable period 
in 2010.  Average long-term borrowing balances decreased $83.6 million, or 44.3%, to $105.0 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2011 from $188.5 million during the comparable period in 2010.  The average rate paid during the year ended 
December 31, 2011 on these borrowings was 3.32% compared to 2.40% during the comparable period in 2010.   

Provision for Loan Losses.  The provision  for loan losses decreased $20.0 million to $10.7  million during the  year ended 
December 31, 2011 compared to $30.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2010.  The reduction in the provision for 
loan losses reflects lower net charge-offs and a significant improvement in our credit quality measures over the prior year.  
Specifically,  the  Company  had  net  charge-offs  of  $13.0  million  or  2.38%  of  average  loans  receivable,  net  during  the  year 
ended December 31, 2011 compared to net charge-offs of $29.5 million or 4.61% of average loans receivable, net during the 
comparable period in 2010.  The allowance for loan losses was 2.29% of loans receivable, or $12.0 million at December 31, 
2011,  a  decrease  of  $2.2  million  from  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  of  $14.3  million  or  2.38%  of  the  loans  receivable,  at 
December  31,  2010.    The  9  basis  point  decrease  in  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  as  a  percentage  of  loans  receivable  is 
primarily due to the decrease in non-performing loans to gross loans receivable to 6.50% at December 31, 2011 from 9.60% 
at December 31, 2010. 

Noninterest  Income.    Total  noninterest  income  decreased  $1.9  million,  or  8.7%,  to  $19.7  million  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2011 from $21.6  million during the comparable period in 2010.  This decrease is primarily attributable to a 
reduction in the gain on sale of loans held for sale of $6.1 million, net of a decrease in other-than-temporary impairment of 
$727,000, an increase in net gain on sale of securities of $2.3 million, and a decrease in the loss on extinguishment of debt of 
$1.5 million. 

During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had investment securities that experienced other-than-
temporary impairment.  Other-than-temporary impairment expense reflected in the accompanying income statement totaled 
$1.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively. 

Net gain on sale of securities during the year ended December 31, 2011 totaled $306,000 compared to a net loss on sale of 
securities of $2.0 million during the comparable period in 2010.  

In  connection  with  the  Company’s  balance  sheet  management  to  preserve  capital  and  improve  the  cost  of  funds,  certain 
borrowings were prepaid to manage the related interest rate sensitivity, resulting in a net loss on the extinguishment of debt 
of $1.1 million and $2.5 million during 2011 and 2010, respectively 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Noninterest  Expense.    Total  noninterest  expense  decreased  $1.7  million,  or  4.2%,  to  $37.4  million  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2011 from $39.1  million during the comparable period in 2010.  This decrease is primarily attributable to a 
decrease in mortgage loan repurchase losses of $1.8 million, salaries and employee benefits of $613,000, and FDIC insurance 
expense  of  $409,000,  net  of  an  increase  in  other  real  estate  expense  of  $700,000,  legal  expense  of  $280,000  and  other 
expenses related to wholesale mortgage loan production and other loan collection activities.  

Income Tax Benefit.  Net loss for 2011 and 2010 was $971,000 and $12.6 million, respectively.  Accordingly, the income 
tax benefit decreased $5.7 million to $128,000  during the  year ended December 31, 2011 from income tax benefit of $5.9 
million during the comparable period in 2010.  The Company’s effective benefit rate was 11.6% and 31.8% during the years 
ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.   The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return that reflects a 
consolidated net operating loss carryback benefit.  Separate state income tax returns are filed for the Crescent Mortgage, the 
Bank  and  the  Company  and  its  nonbank  subsidiary.    Since  the  Crescent  Mortgage  generated  earnings,  state  income  taxes 
were  due.    For  the  South  Carolina  and  North  Carolina  returns  of  the  bank  and  the  holding  company  and  its  nonbank 
subsidiary,  there  is  no  net  operating  loss  carryback  provision.    Accordingly,  the  company  did  not  recognize  a  tax  benefit 
related to these losses.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Yields on Average Interest-Earning Assets and Rates on Average Interest-Bearing Liabilities 

The  following  table  summarizes  the  Company’s  yields  on  average  interest-earning  assets  and  rates  on  average  interest-
bearing liabilities during the periods indicated: 

2012
Interest Average
Yield/
Rate

Paid/
Earned

For The Years Ended December 31,
2011
Interest Average
Yield/
Rate

Paid/
Earned
(Dollars in thousands)

Average
Balance

Average
Balance

3,914
26,160
41
4,908
211
107
17
35,358

110
1,227
47
2,794
640
2,695
7,513

3.67% 49,895
5.28% 545,556
0.24% 29,070
3.56% 147,808
9,624
2.25%
9,431
1.94%
3.66%
465
4.58% 791,849
66,583

858,432

0.27% 34,129
0.62% 199,528
0.50%
6,725
0.91% 345,823
1.51% 43,845
3.36% 104,963
1.11% 735,013
62,797
13,619
47,003

2,150
29,640
52
6,280
221
81
17
38,441

4.31%
5.43%
0.18%
4.25%
2.30%
0.86%
3.66%
4.85%

95
1,470
36
4,977
1,045
3,490
11,113

0.28%
0.74%
0.54%
1.44%
2.38%
3.32%
1.51%

56,855
640,646
37,212
106,598
105,658
12,029
465
959,463
58,667

1,018,130

34,160
175,966
3,130
485,126
22,720
188,541
909,643
44,027
14,395
50,065

Average
Balance

$ 

106,626
495,889
16,765
137,956
9,361
5,508
465
772,570
64,496

$ 

837,066

41,361
199,062
9,468
306,691
42,367
80,272
679,221
84,503
19,340
54,002

2010
Interest Average
Yield/
Rate

Paid/
Earned

2,647
34,720
69
4,013
5,334
42
17
46,842

4.66%
5.42%
0.19%
3.76%
5.05%
0.35%
3.66%
4.88%

138
2,285
19
9,408
708
4,519
17,077

0.40%
1.30%
0.61%
1.94%
3.12%
2.40%
1.88%

$ 

837,066

858,432

1,018,130

3.47%

3.34%

3.00%

3.60%

3.45%

27,845

27,328

3.10%

29,765

Interest-earning assets:
Loans held for sale
Loans receivable, net (1)
Interest-bearing cash
Securities available for sale
Securities held to maturity
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Other investments

Total interest-earning assets
Non-earning assets

  Total assets

Interest-bearing liabilities:

Demand accounts
M oney market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Short-term borrowed funds
Long-term debt

Total interest-bearing liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits
Other liabilities
Stockholders' equity

Total liabilities and 

Stockholders' equity

Net interest spread
Net interest margin
Net interest income

(1) Average balances of loans include non-accrual loans.

24 

 
 
 
   
   
   
      
   
   
 
 
 
    
 
     
        
   
        
      
        
   
   
 
   
    
   
       
      
     
      
    
   
       
      
     
        
      
        
          
        
        
        
           
        
   
 
 
 
    
 
     
  
   
  
      
  
 
 
     
      
   
        
      
      
   
   
 
   
    
   
       
        
     
        
        
        
   
   
 
   
    
   
     
      
   
   
      
      
     
   
 
   
    
   
   
   
 
 
    
 
     
  
   
  
      
  
     
   
      
     
   
      
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income 

The following table  shows changes in interest  income and interest expense based  upon  changes in volume and changes in 
interest rates during the periods indicated: 

For The Years Ended December 31,

2012 vs. 2011

2011 vs. 2010

Increase (decrease)
due to

Volume

Rate

$   

2,446
(2,737)
(21)
(420)
(5)
(34)
-
(771)

20
(3)
15
(564)
(35)
(827)
(1,394)
623

$      

(319)
(818)
17
(1,020)
(5)
102
-
(2,043)

(4)
(241)
(3)
(1,826)
(383)
42
(2,415)
372

Loans held for sale
Loans receivable, net
Interest-bearing cash
Securities available for sale
Securities held to maturity
FHLB stock
Other investments
Interest income

Demand accounts
M oney market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Short-term borrowed funds
Long-term debt

Interest expense
Net interest income

Loans by Type 

Rate/

Net
Dollar
Volume Change Volume
(In thousands)

Increase (decrease)
due to

Rate/
Volume

Net
Dollar
Change

24
(10)
1
202
2,641
(13)
-
2,845

(2)
(132)
(3)
697
(156)
(769)
(365)
3,210

(497)
(5,080)
(17)
2,267
(5,113)
39
-
(8,401)

(43)
(815)
17
(4,431)
337
(1,029)
(5,964)
(2,437)

Rate

(199)
64
(4)
522
(2,906)
61

-
(2,462)

(48)
(989)
(2)
(2,426)
(166)
1,746
(1,885)
(577)

(363)
75
(7)
68

-
(42)
-
(269)

(1)
1
(1)
207
13
(10)
209
(478)

1,764
(3,480)
(11)
(1,372)
(10)
26

-
(3,083)

15
(243)
11
(2,183)
(405)
(795)
(3,600)
517

(322)
(5,134)
(14)
1,543
(4,848)
(9)

-
(8,784)

7
306
22
(2,702)
659
(2,006)
(3,714)
(5,070)

The following table summarizes loans by type and percent of total at the end of the periods indicated: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

Loans secured by real estate:

One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

Total gross loans receivable

Less:

Undisbursed loans in process
Allowance for loan losses
Deferred fees, net
Total loans receivable, net

% of Total
Loans
Amount
(Dollars in thousands)

% of Total
Loans

23.10%
6.52%
46.46%
14.09%
0.94%
8.89%

100.00%

124,604
35,173
250,560
75,985
5,085
47,933

539,340

13,898
12,039
68
513,335

Amount

$    

146,333
31,278
240,764
68,113
3,762
38,714

27.66%
5.91%
45.52%
12.88%
0.71%
7.32%

528,964

100.00%

17,690
9,520
63
501,691

$    

25 

 
 
 
 
    
     
   
     
      
        
       
   
    
        
  
  
          
       
    
        
        
         
       
       
          
          
         
      
 
        
  
   
        
      
     
          
        
       
       
  
   
   
    
        
      
       
        
         
          
       
          
        
      
       
       
       
        
       
         
      
 
     
  
  
   
   
    
          
        
         
        
          
        
         
         
          
    
          
     
      
      
     
       
          
        
         
        
        
          
         
          
      
 
      
  
  
   
      
    
        
    
        
     
      
      
     
        
      
        
       
     
  
     
     
    
   
 
      
  
  
   
     
    
      
     
      
  
      
   
    
  
  
 
 
 
      
        
        
      
      
        
        
          
          
        
        
      
      
        
        
          
        
               
               
      
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Non-Performing and Problem Assets 

The following table summarizes non-performing and problem assets at the end of the periods indicated. 

At December 31,

2012
2011
(Dollars in thousands)

Loans secured by real estate:

Nonaccrual loans-renegotiated loans
Nonaccrual loans-other
Accruing loans 90 days or more delinquent
Real estate acquired through foreclosure, net
Total Non-Performing Assets

$      

$      

10,733
4,515
-
6,284
21,532

18,704
11,227
4,231
6,097
40,259

Problem Assets not included in Non-Performing Assets-

Accruing renegotiated loans outstanding 

$      

17,195

23,421

Substantially all of the nonaccrual loans, accruing loans 90 days or more delinquent and accruing renegotiated loans for fiscal 
2012 and 2011 are collateralized by real estate.  Management believes based on information known and available currently, 
the probable losses related to problem assets are adequately reserved in the allowance for loan losses. 

Although non-performing assets remain at an elevated level, credit quality indicators generally showed improvement during 
2012 as the Company experienced reduced loan migrations to nonaccrual status, lower loss severity on individual problem 
assets and a significant reduction in non-performing assets through December 31, 2012.  The Company believes this general 
trend in reduced loans migrating into nonaccrual status is an indication of improving credit quality in the Company’s overall 
loan  portfolio  and  a  leading  indicator  of  reduced  credit  losses  going  forward.    Nevertheless,  the  Company  can  make  no 
assurances  that  non-performing  assets  will  continue  to  improve  in  future  periods.   The  Company  continues  to  monitor  the 
loan portfolio and foreclosed assets very carefully and is continually working to reduce its problem assets.  

Market Risk Management and Interest Rate Risk 

The effective management of market risk is essential to achieving the Company’s objectives.  As a financial institution, the 
Company’s most significant market risk exposure is interest rate risk.  The primary objective of managing interest rate risk is 
to  minimize  the  effect  that  changes  in  interest  rates  have  on  net  income.    This  is  accomplished  through  active  asset  and 
liability  management,  which  requires  the  strategic  pricing  of  asset  and  liability  accounts  and  management  of  appropriate 
maturity mixes of assets and liabilities.  The expected result of these strategies is the development of appropriate maturity and 
re-pricing opportunities in those accounts to produce consistent net income during periods of changing interest rates.  The 
Bank’s  Asset/Liability  Management  Committee  ("ALCO")  monitor  loan,  investment  and  liability  portfolios  to  ensure 
comprehensive management of interest rate risk.  These portfolios are analyzed for proper fixed-rate and variable-rate mixes 
under  various  interest  rate  scenarios.    The  asset/liability  management  process  is  designed  to  achieve  relatively  stable  net 
interest  margins and assure liquidity by coordinating the volumes,  maturities or re-pricing opportunities of interest-earning 
assets,  deposits  and  borrowed  funds.    It  is  the  responsibility  of  the  ALCO  to  determine  and  achieve  the  most  appropriate 
volume and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as well as ensure an adequate level of liquidity and 
capital, within the context of corporate performance goals.  The ALCO meets regularly to review the Company’s interest rate 
risk  and  liquidity  positions  in  relation  to  present  and  prospective  market  and  business  conditions,  and  adopts  funding  and 
balance sheet management strategies that are intended to ensure that the potential impact on earnings and liquidity as a result 
of  fluctuations  in  interest  rates  is  within  acceptable  standards.  The  Board  of  Directors  also  sets  policy  guidelines  and 
establishes long-term strategies with respect to interest rate risk exposure and liquidity.   

The Company uses interest rate sensitivity analysis to measure the sensitivity of projected net interest income to changes in 
interest  rates.    Management  monitors  the  Company’s  interest  sensitivity  by  means  of  a  computer  model  that  incorporates 
current volumes, average rates earned and paid, and scheduled maturities, payments of asset and liability portfolios, together 
with  multiple  scenarios  of  prepayments,  repricing  opportunities  and  anticipated  volume  growth.    Interest  rate  sensitivity 
analysis shows the effect that the indicated changes in interest rates would have on net interest income as projected for the 

26 

 
 
 
       
          
       
              
         
          
         
       
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

next twelve months under the current interest rate environment.  The resulting change in net interest income reflects the level 
of sensitivity that net interest income has in relation to changing interest rates. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s interest rate sensitivity position at the Bank as of December 31, 2012: 

Interest Rate Scenario
Change
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%

Prime Rate
3.25%
4.25%
5.25%
6.25%

Annualized Hypothetical
Percentage Change in
Net Interest Income
0.00%
(2.00%)
(3.90%)
(1.90%)

The Company  also  uses derivatives intended to reduce interest rate risk incurred as a result of  market  movements.    These 
derivatives primarily consist of mortgage loan interest rate lock commitments, mortgage loan forward sales commitments and 
options to deliver mortgage-backed securities.  A derivative is a financial instrument that derives its cash flows, and therefore 
its value, by reference to an underlying instrument, index or referenced interest rate.  The Company uses derivatives primarily 
to  minimize  interest  rate  risk  related  to  its  pipeline  of  loan  interest  rate  lock  commitments  issued  on  residential  mortgage 
loans in the process of origination for sale or loans held for sale.  Mortgage loan forward sales commitments and options to 
deliver  mortgage-backed  securities  that  generally  correspond  with  the  composition  of  the  locked  pipeline  are  used  to 
economically  hedge  a  percentage  of  the  Company’s  locked  pipeline.    Crescent  Mortgage’s  Asset/Liability  Committee  has 
developed  a  comprehensive  hedging  policy  to  monitor  the  use  of  derivatives  to  reduce  interest  rate  risk.    The  Company’s 
derivative  positions  are  classified  as  trading  assets  and  liabilities,  and  as  such,  the  changes  in  the  fair  market  value  of  the 
derivative positions are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. 

The derivative positions of the Company at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows:     

At December 31,

2012

2011

Fair
Value

Notional
Value

Fair
Value
(In thousands)

Notional
Value

Derivative assets:

M ortgage loan interest rate lock commitments
M ortgage loan forward sales commitments
M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments

$ 

$ 

4,783
1,692
67
6,542

289,584
59,177
308,000
656,761

2,832
1,168
-
4,000

218,465
47,992
-
266,457

Derivative liabilities:

M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments

$     
-

-

1,234

167,000

Liquidity and Financial Condition 

The  Company’s  assets  and  liabilities  are  monitored  on  a  daily  basis  to  ensure  funds  are  available  to  meet  liquidity 
requirements.  The Company also utilizes borrowing facilities in order to maintain adequate liquidity including: the FHLB of 
Atlanta advance window, the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), federal funds purchased, and warehouse lines of credit.  The 
Company also uses wholesale deposit products, including brokered deposits as well as national certificate of deposit services.  
Additionally, the Company has certain investment securities classified as available for sale that are carried at market value 
with changes in market value, net of tax, recorded through stockholders’ equity.  

Lines of credit with the FHLB of Atlanta are based upon FHLB-approved percentages of Bank assets, but must be supported 
by appropriate collateral to be available.  The Company  has pledged first lien residential  mortgage, second lien residential 
mortgage,  residential  home  equity  line  of  credit,  commercial  mortgage  and  multifamily  mortgage  portfolios  under  blanket 
lien  agreements  resulting  in  approximately  $151.8  million  of  collateral  for  these  advances.    In  addition,  at  December  31, 
2012, the Company has pledged $6.8 million of securities for these advances.  Assuming sufficient collateral was available at 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
   
   
    
   
        
 
        
         
 
    
 
         
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

December 31, 2012, the Company had  maximum  FHLB lines of $266.1  million based on FHLB limits.  At December 31, 
2012, collateral totaling $158.6 million was pledged to support FHLB advances.  At December 31, 2012 the Company had 
FHLB advances of $115.0 million outstanding with excess collateral pledged to the FHLB during those periods that would 
support additional borrowings of approximately $43.6 million. 

Lines of credit with the FRB are based on collateral pledged.  The Company has pledged certain non-mortgage commercial, 
acquisition and development, and lot loan portfolios under blanket lien agreements resulting in approximately $34.3 million 
of collateral to the FRB for these advances.  At December 31, 2012 the Company had lines available with the FRB for $34.3 
million.  At December 31, 2012 the Company had no FRB advances outstanding. 

At December 31, 2012, Crescent Mortgage had a mortgage loan warehouse line of credit from a correspondent with a $35.0 
million  credit  limit,  of  which  $33.1  million  is  still  available.    The  facility  is  secured  by  Crescent  Mortgage’s  residential 
mortgage loans held for sale and other assets.   

Effective  October  1,  2011,  the  Company  modified  a  $3.0  million  unsecured  line  of  credit  with  a  correspondent  bank,  of 
which  $2.8  million  and  $3.0  million  was  outstanding  at  December  31,  2012  and  December  31,  2011,  respectively.    The 
unsecured line of credit bears interest at prime plus 1.50% and the  term expires October 1, 2013.  In connection  with this 
modification,  the  Company  will  make  quarterly  principal  payments  of  $50,000  that  began  on  October  1,  2011  and  will 
continue on the same day of each quarter through and including July 1, 2013.  The line of credit also has debt covenants, the 
more  restrictive  of  which  requires  the  Company  to  maintain  certain  capital  ratios  and  nonperforming  asset  ratios.    As  of 
December  31,  2012  the  Company  is  in  compliance  with  all  of  the  covenants.  At  December  31,  2012,  $2.8  million  of  this 
unsecured line of credit is included in Short-Term Borrowed Funds. 

Capital Resources 

The  Company  and  the  Bank  are  subject  to  numerous  regulatory  capital  requirements  administered  by  federal  banking 
agencies.    If  these  capital  requirements  are  not  met,  regulators  can  initiate  certain  mandatory  –  and  possibly  additional 
discretionary  –  actions  that,  if  undertaken,  could  affect  operations.    Under  capital  adequacy  guidelines  and  the  regulatory 
framework for corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet certain capital guidelines, which involve quantitative 
measures  of  the  Company’s  and  the  Bank’s  assets,  liabilities  and  certain  off-balance  sheet  items  as  calculated  under 
regulatory accounting practices.  The Company’s and the Bank’s capital amounts and classification are subject to qualitative 
judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and certain other factors. 

Quantitative  measures  set  up  by  regulation  to  guarantee  capital  adequacy  require  the  Company  and  the  Bank  to  sustain 
minimum amounts and ratios of Tier 1 capital and total risk based capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to total 
average assets.  The Company and the Bank are required to maintain minimum Tier 1 capital and total risk based capital to 
risk  weighted  assets,  and  Tier  1  capital  to  total  average  assets  of  4%,  8%,  and  3%,  respectively.    To  be  considered “Well 
Capitalized”, the Company and the Bank must maintain at least Tier 1 capital and total risk based capital to risk weighted 
assets, and Tier 1 capital to total average assets of 6%, 10%, and 5%, respectively.  As of December 31, 2012, the Company 
and the Bank are considered “Well Capitalized” under regulatory capital adequacy guidelines. 

The following schedule shows the Company’s and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios at December 31, 2012 and 
2011, respectively: 

Carolina Financial Corporation

Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)
Total risk based capital (to risk weighted assets)
Tier 1 capital (to total average assets)

CresCom Bank

Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)
Total risk based capital (to risk weighted assets)
Tier 1 capital (to total average assets)

At December 31,

2012

2011

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)

13.11%
15.52%
9.65%

13.57%
15.97%
10.01%

65,876
83,357
65,876

10.48%
13.27%
7.94%

68,240
85,706
68,240

10.88%
13.67%
8.18%

$      

82,839
98,030
82,839

85,537
100,714
85,537

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CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

In  June  2012,  U.S.  banking  regulators  issued  the  Basel  III  Notice  of  Proposed  Rulemaking  (NPR)  to  implement  Basel  III 
regulatory capital reforms from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and changes required by the Financial Reform 
Act.    The  Basel  III  NPR  proposes  material  changes  to  the  deduction  of  certain  assets  from  capital,  new  minimum  capital 
ratios and buffer requirements, a Standardized Approach that provides a floor to the calculation of risk-weighted assets, and 
significant changes to the calculation of credit and counterparty credit risk. 

The Basel III NPR addressing standardized risk-weighting of assets would significantly change the risk-weighting of certain 
assets for almost all U.S. financial institutions beginning in 2015.  To what extent the NPR will be adopted as proposed is not 
known;  however,  management  estimates  that  the  Company  would  remain  a  well-capitalized  institution  under  its 
interpretation of the proposed increased capital requirements and risk-weighted asset revisions if the proposal had been fully 
in effect as of December 31, 2012. 

Many  of  the  changes  to  capital  deductions  are  subject  to  a  transition  period  where  the  impact  is  recognized  in  20% 
increments beginning on January 1, 2014 through January 1, 2018.  The majority of the other aspects of the Basel III NPR 
were proposed to become effective January 1, 2013.  However, this effective date was postponed in November 2012.  The 
delay is expected to be a six-month time period.  The phase-in period for the new minimum capital requirements and related 
buffers is proposed to occur between 2013 and 2019. 

Management expects to comply with the final rules when issued and effective.  To prepare for the implementation of the new 
capital rules, management continues to build capital through retained earnings and is evaluating strategies to maximize the 
Company’s capital under the Basel III NPR. 

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements 

The  following  is  a  summary  of  recent  authoritative  pronouncements  that  could  impact  the  accounting,  reporting,  and 
disclosure of financial information by the Company. 

In  April  2011  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2011-02  to  assist  creditors  with  their  determination  of  when  a  restructuring  is  a 
Troubled Debt Restructuring (“TDR”).   The determination is based on whether the restructuring constitutes a concession and 
whether the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties as both events must be present.  The new guidance was effective for 
the Company beginning January 1, 2012 and did not have a material effect on the Company’s TDR determinations. 

In April 2011, the criteria used to determine effective control of transferred assets in the Transfers and Servicing topic of the 
ASC  was  amended  by  ASU  2011-03.    The  requirement  for  the  transferor  to  have  the  ability  to  repurchase  or  redeem  the 
financial  assets  on  substantially  the  agreed  terms  and  the  collateral  maintenance  implementation  guidance  related  to  that 
criterion  were  removed  from  the  assessment  of  effective  control.    The  other  criteria  to  assess  effective  control  were  not 
changed.    The  amendments  were  effective  for  the  Company  on  January  1,  2012  and  did  not  have  a  material  effect  on  the 
financial statements. 

ASU 2011-04 was issued in May 2011 to amend the Fair Value Measurement topic of the ASC by clarifying the application 
of  existing  fair  value  measurement  and  disclosure  requirements  and  by  changing  particular  principles  or  requirements  for 
measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements.  The amendments  were effective for the 
Company beginning January 1, 2012 and did not have a material effect on the financial statements. 

The Comprehensive Income topic of the ASC was amended in June 2011.  The amendment eliminates the option to present 
other  comprehensive  income  as  a  part  of  the  statement  of  changes  in  stockholders’  equity  and  requires  consecutive 
presentation  of  the  statement  of  net  income  and  other  comprehensive  income.    The  amendments  were  applicable  to  the 
Company on January 1, 2012 and have been applied retrospectively.  In December 2011, the topic was further amended to 
defer the effective date of presenting reclassification adjustments from other comprehensive income to net income on the face 
of the financial statements.  Companies should continue to report reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive 
income consistent with the presentation requirements in effect prior to the amendments while FASB finalizes it conclusions 
regarding future requirements. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements  

The Balance Sheet topic of the ASC was amended in December 2011 for companies with financial instruments and derivative 
instruments  that  offset  or  are  subject  to  a  master  netting  agreement.    The  amendments  require  disclosure  of  both  gross 
information and net information about instruments and transactions eligible for offset or subject to an agreement similar to a 
master  netting  agreement.    The  amendments  are  effective  for  reporting  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2013  and 
must be provided retrospectively for all comparative periods presented.  The Company does not expect these amendments to 
have a material effect on its financial statements. 

The FASB amended the Comprehensive Income topic of the ASC in February 2013.  The amendments address reporting of 
amounts  reclassified  out  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income.    Specifically,  the  amendments  do  not  change  the 
current  requirements  for  reporting  net  income  of  other  comprehensive  income  in  financial  statements.    However,  the 
amendments  do  require  an  entity  to  provide  information  about  the  amounts  reclassified  out  of  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income by component.  In addition, in certain circumstances an entity is required to present, either on the fact 
of  the  statement  where  net  income  is  presented  or  in  the  notes,  significant  amounts  reclassified  out  of  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income.  The amendments will be effective for the Company on a 
prospective  basis  for  reporting  periods  beginning  after  December  15,  2013.    Earlier  adoption  is  permitted.    The  Company 
does not expect these amendments will have a material effect on its financial statements. 

In February 2013 the FASB also amended the Financial Instruments topic of the ASC to address the scope and applicability 
of certain disclosures to nonpublic companies.  The amendments clarify that the requirement to disclose “the level of the fair 
value  hierarchy  within  the  fair  value  measurements  are  categorized  in  their  entirety  (Level  1,  2,  or  3)”  does  not  apply  to 
nonpublic entities for items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position but for which fair value is 
disclosed.  The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements. 

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected 
to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 

Effect of Inflation and Changing Prices 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that 
require the measurement of financial position and results of operations in terms of historical dollars without consideration of 
changes in the relative purchasing power over time due to inflation. 

Unlike  many  other  industries,  nearly  all  assets  and  liabilities  of  a  financial  institution  are  monetary  in  nature.  Therefore, 
interest rates usually have a more significant impact on a financial institution’s performance than does the effect of inflation.  
Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as the price of goods and services since 
such  prices  are  affected  by  inflation.    We  are  committed  to  continuing  to  actively  manage  the  gap  between  our  interest-
sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities. 

New Legislation 

On  July  21,  2010,  the  U.S.  President  signed  into  law  the  Dodd-Frank  Act.    The  Dodd-Frank  Act  is  intended  to  effect  a 
fundamental restructuring of federal banking regulation.  Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act created a new Financial 
Stability Oversight Council to identify systemic risks in the financial system and gave federal regulators new authority to take 
control of and liquidate financial firms.  The Dodd-Frank Act also created a new independent federal regulator to administer 
federal  consumer  protection  laws.    Many  of  the  provisions  of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  have  delayed  effective  dates  and  the 
legislation requires various federal agencies to promulgate numerous and extensive implementing regulations over the next 
several  years.    Although  the  substance  and  scope  of  these  regulations  cannot  be  completely  determined  at  this  time,  it  is 
expected that the legislation and implementing regulations will increase the Company’s operating and compliance costs.  The 
following discussion summarizes certain significant aspects of the Dodd-Frank Act: 

•  The Dodd-Frank  Act requires the Federal Reserve Board to apply consolidated capital requirements to depository 
institution holding companies that are no less stringent than those currently applied to depository institutions.  Under 
these  standards,  trust  preferred  securities  will  be  excluded  from  Tier  1  capital  unless  such  securities  were  issued 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

prior to May 19, 2010 by a bank holding company with less than $15 billion in assets such as the Company.  The 
Dodd-Frank  Act  additionally  requires  capital  requirements  to  be  countercyclical  so  that  the  required  amount  of 
capital increases in  times of  economic expansion and decreases in  times of economic contraction, consistent  with 
safety and soundness. 

•  The  Dodd-Frank  Act  permanently  increased  the  maximum  deposit  insurance  amount  for  financial  institutions  to 
$250,000  per  depositor,  and  extended  unlimited  deposit  insurance  to  noninterest  bearing  transaction  accounts 
through  December  31,  2012.    The  Dodd-Frank  Act  also  broadened  the  base  for  FDIC  insurance  assessments.  
Assessments  are  now  based  on  the  average  consolidated  total  assets  less  tangible  equity  capital  of  a  financial 
institution.  The Dodd-Frank Act required the FDIC to increase the reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund from 
1.15% to 1.35% of insured deposits by 2020 and eliminated the requirement that the FDIC pay dividends to insured 
depository institutions when the reserve ratio exceeds certain thresholds.  Effective July 21, 2011, the Dodd-Frank 
Act eliminated the federal statutory prohibition against the payment of interest on business checking accounts. 

•  The  Dodd-Frank  Act  requires  publicly  traded  companies  to  give  shareholders  a  non-binding  vote  on  executive 
compensation  at  their  first  annual  meeting  taking  place  six  months  after  the  date  of  enactment  and  at  least  every 
three years thereafter and on so−called “golden parachute” payments in connection with approvals of mergers and 
acquisitions unless previously voted on by shareholders.  The new legislation also authorizes the SEC to promulgate 
rules  that  would  allow  shareholders  to  nominate  their  own  candidates  using  a  company’s  proxy  materials.  
Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act directs the  federal banking regulators to promulgate rules prohibiting excessive 
compensation paid to executives of depository institutions and their holding companies with assets in excess of $1.0 
billion, regardless of whether the institution is publicly traded or not.  The Dodd-Frank Act gives the SEC authority 
to prohibit broker discretionary voting on elections of directors and executive compensation matters. 

•  Effective  July  21,  2011,  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  prohibits  a  depository  institution  from  converting  from  a  state  to 
federal charter or vice versa while it is the subject of a cease and desist order or other formal enforcement action or a 
memorandum  of  understanding  with  respect  to  a  significant  supervisory  matter  unless  the  appropriate  federal 
banking agency gives notice of the conversion to the federal or state authority that issued the enforcement action and 
that agency does not object within 30 days.  The notice must include a plan to address the significant supervisory 
matter.    The  converting  institution  must  also  file  a  copy  of  the  conversion  application  with  its  current  federal 
regulator which must notify the resulting federal regulator of any ongoing supervisory or investigative proceedings 
that are likely to result in an enforcement action and provide access to all supervisory and investigative information 
relating hereto. 

•  The Dodd-Frank Act authorizes national and state banks to establish branches in other states to the same extent as a 
bank chartered by that state would be permitted to branch.  Previously, banks could only establish branches in other 
states if the host state expressly permitted out-of-state banks to establish branches in that state.  Accordingly, banks 
will be able to enter new markets more freely. 

•  Effective as of July 21, 2012, the Dodd-Frank Act expands the definition of affiliate for purposes of quantitative and 
qualitative limitations of Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act to include mutual funds advised by a depository 
institution or its affiliates.  The Dodd-Frank Act applies Section 23A and Section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act 
(governing transactions with insiders) to derivative transactions, repurchase agreements and securities lending and 
borrowing transaction that create credit exposure to an affiliate or an insider.  Any such transactions with affiliates 
must be fully secured.  Historically, an exception has existed that exempts covered transactions between depository 
institutions and their financial subsidiaries from the 10% of capital and surplus limitation set forth in Section 23A.  
However, the Dodd-Frank  Act eliminated this exception for covered transactions entered into after July 21, 2012.  
Effective as of July 21, 2011, the Dodd-Frank Act also prohibits an insured depository institution from purchasing 
an asset from or selling an asset to an insider unless the transaction is on market terms and, if representing more than 
10% of capital, is approved in advance by the disinterested directors. 

•  The Dodd-Frank Act required that the amount of any interchange fee charged by a debit card issuer with respect to a 
debit card transaction must be reasonable and proportional to the cost incurred by the issuer.  Effective October 1, 
2011, the Federal Reserve Board set new caps on interchange fees at $0.21 per transaction, plus an additional five 
basis-point  charge  per  transaction  to  help  cover  fraud  losses.    An  additional  $0.01  per  transaction  is  allowed  if 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CO RPORATI ON 
FINANCIAL DISCUSSION 

certain fraud-monitoring controls are in place.  While the restrictions on interchange fees do not apply to banks that, 
together  with  their  affiliates,  have  assets  of  less  than  $10  billion,  such  as  the  Bank,  the  new  restrictions  could 
negatively  impact  bank  card  services  income  for  smaller  banks  if  the  reductions  that  are  required  of  larger  banks 
cause industry-wide reduction of swipe fees. 

•  The Dodd-Frank  Act creates  a new, independent federal agency called the  Consumer Financial Protection Bureau 
(“CFPB”), which is granted broad rulemaking, supervisory and enforcement powers under various federal consumer 
financial protection laws, including the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Truth in Lending Act, Real Estate Settlement 
Procedures Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Fair Debt Collection Act, the Consumer Financial Privacy provisions of 
the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and certain other statutes.  The CFPB will have examination and primary enforcement 
authority with respect to depository institutions with $10 billion or more in assets.  Depository institutions with less 
than $10 billion in assets, such as the Bank, will be subject to rules promulgated by the CFPB but will continue to be 
examined and supervised by  federal banking regulators  for consumer compliance purposes.  The CFPB  will  have 
authority  to  prevent  unfair,  deceptive  or  abusive  practices  in  connection  with  the  offering  of  consumer  financial 
products.  The Dodd-Frank Act also authorizes the CFPB to establish certain minimum standards for the origination 
of residential mortgages, including a determination of the borrower’s ability to repay. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, 
financial  institutions  may  not  make  a  residential  mortgage  loan  unless  they  make  a  “reasonable  and  good  faith 
determination” that the consumer has a “reasonable ability” to repay the loan. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act will 
allow borrowers to raise certain defenses to foreclosure if they receive any loan other than a “qualified mortgage” as 
defined by the CFPB. On January 10, 2013, the CFPB published final rules to, among other things, define “qualified 
mortgage” and specify the types of income and assets that may be considered in the ability-to-repay determination, 
the permissible sources for verification, and the required methods of calculating the loan’s monthly payments. For 
example, the rules extend the requirement that creditors verify and document a borrower’s “income and assets” to 
include  all  “information”  that  creditors  rely  on  in  determining  repayment  ability.  The  rules  also  provide  further 
examples  of  third-party  documents  that  may  be  relied  on  for  such  verification,  such  as  government  records  and 
check-cashing  or  funds-transfer  service  receipts.  The  new  rules  will  take  effect  on  January  10,  2014.  The  Dodd-
Frank  Act  also  permits  states  to  adopt  consumer  protection  laws  and  standards  that  are  more  stringent  than  those 
adopted at the federal level and, in certain circumstances, permits state attorneys general to enforce compliance with 
both the state and federal laws and regulations. 

Management  continues  to  review  the  provisions  of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  to  assess  its  probable  impact  on  our  business, 
financial condition, and results of operations. 

From time to time, various legislative and regulatory initiatives are introduced in Congress and state legislatures, as well as 
by regulatory agencies.  Such initiatives may include proposals to expand or contract the powers of bank holding companies 
and depository institutions or proposals to substantially change  the  financial institution  regulatory system. Such legislation 
could  change  banking  statutes  and  the  operating  environment  of  the  Company  in  substantial  and  unpredictable  ways.  If 
enacted, such legislation could increase or decrease the cost of doing business, limit or expand permissible activities or affect 
the  competitive  balance  among  banks,  savings  associations,  credit  unions,  and  other  financial  institutions.    The  Company 
cannot  predict  whether  any  such  legislation  will  be  enacted,  and,  if  enacted,  the  effect  that  it,  or  any  implementing 
regulations,  would  have  on  its  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations.  A  change  in  statutes,  regulations  or  regulatory 
policies applicable to the Company or the Bank could have a material effect on their business. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor's Report 

The Board of Directors 
Carolina Financial Corporation 
Charleston, South Carolina 

Report on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Carolina Financial Corporation and its Subsidiaries (the 
“Company”)  which  comprise  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  condition  as  of  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  and  the 
related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows and 
the related notes to the consolidated financial statements for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012. 

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements 

Management  is  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance 
with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America;  this  includes  the  design,  implementation,  and 
maintenance  of  internal  control  relevant  to  the  preparation  and  fair presentation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  that  are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditor’s Responsibility 

Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these  consolidated  financial  statements  based  on  our  audits.  We  conducted  our 
audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we 
plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of 
material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements.  The  procedures  selected  depend  on  the  auditor’s  judgment,  including  the  assessment  of  the  risks  of  material 
misstatement  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.  In  making  those  risk  assessments,  the 
auditor  considers  internal  control  relevant  to  the  entity’s  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing 
an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes 
evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we  have  obtained  is  sufficient  and  appropriate  to  provide  a  reasonable  basis  for  our  audit 
opinion. 

Opinion 

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial 
position of Carolina Financial Corporation and its Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations 
and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in accordance with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Charleston, South Carolina 
March 15, 2013 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

December 31,

2012

2011

ASSETS

Cash and due from banks
Interest-bearing cash

Cash and cash equivalents

Securities available for sale (cost of $145,774 at December 31, 2012 and 

$140,312 at December 31, 2011)

Securities held to maturity (fair value of $5,549 at December 31, 2012 and

$2,773 at December 31, 2011)

Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
Other investments
Derivative assets
Loans held for sale
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $9,520 at December 31,

2012 and $12,039 at December 31, 2011

Premises and equipment, net
Accrued interest receivable
Real estate acquired through foreclosure, net
Deferred tax assets, net
Income taxes receivable
Prepaid FDIC insurance
M ortgage servicing rights
Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:

Noninterest-bearing deposits
Interest-bearing deposits

Total deposits

Short-term borrowed funds
Long-term debt
Derivative liabilities
Drafts outstanding
Advances from borrowers for insurance and taxes
Accrued interest payable
Income taxes payable
M ortgage buy-back reserve
Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:

Preferred stock, par value $.01; 200,000 shares authorized; no shares

issued or outstanding

Common stock, par value $.01; 6,800,000 shares authorized;

1,918,992 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012 and 2011

Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings, restricted
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax benefit

Total stockholders' equity

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

34 

$        

(In thousands)
6,499
11,340
17,839

4,109
16,679
20,788

149,670

136,944

9,166
6,413
465
6,542
144,849

501,691
16,397
3,203
6,284
6,782
-
2,035
12,039
5,349
888,724

$    

$      

82,004
571,243
653,247
82,482
64,840
-
3,010
613
1,599
3,459
4,882
7,078
821,210

9,401
7,185
465
4,000
80,007

513,335
16,078
3,086
6,097
8,940
6,202
3,035
6,452
4,203
826,218

62,906
558,897
621,803
63,484
80,390
1,234
4,516
509
1,371
-
3,623
3,633
780,563

-

-

19
22,068
45,752
(325)
67,514
888,724

$    

19
21,982
28,874
(5,220)
45,655
826,218

 
 
 
          
        
        
        
        
      
      
          
          
          
          
             
             
          
          
      
        
      
      
        
        
          
          
          
          
          
          
              
          
          
          
        
          
          
          
      
        
      
      
      
      
        
        
        
        
              
          
          
          
             
             
          
          
          
              
          
          
          
          
      
      
                  
                  
               
               
        
        
        
        
            
         
        
        
      
  
  
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012, 2011 AND 2010 

Interest income
Loans
Debt securities
Dividends
Interest-bearing cash

Total interest income

Interest expense
Deposits
Short-term borrowed funds
Long-term debt

Total interest expense

Net interest income
Provision for loan losses

Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses

Noninterest income

Net gain on sale of loans held for sale
Deposit service charges
Income from ATM  and debit card transactions
Income from sales of non-depository products
Net loss on extinguishment of debt
Net (loss) gain on sale of securities
Other-than-temporary impairment of securities
Net loss on sale of real estate acquired through foreclosure
Net unrealized gain on derivatives
Net gain on sale of servicing assets
Other 

Total noninterest income

Noninterest expense

Salaries and employee benefits
Occupancy and equipment
M arketing and public relations
FDIC insurance
Expense from ATM  and debit card transactions
Other real estate expense
Provision for mortgage loan repurchase losses
Legal expense
Other

Total noninterest expense
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Earnings (loss) per common share:

Basic

Diluted

Average common shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

35 

For the Years Ended December 31,
2012
2010
2011
(In thousands, except share data)

$      

30,074
5,136
107
41
35,358

4,178
640
2,695
7,513
27,845
2,707
25,138

48,987
1,604
766
-
(1,591)
(3,031)
(913)
(227)
3,776
-
2,913
52,284

25,632
3,274
1,360
1,076
453
1,646
2,189
1,978
12,541
50,149
27,273
10,395
16,878

$      

$          

8.80

$          

8.80

31,790
6,518
81
52
38,441

6,578
1,045
3,490
11,113
27,328
10,735
16,593

17,340
1,610
574
624
(1,061)
306
(1,753)
(1,037)
714
299
2,105
19,721

19,981
3,200
479
1,389
450
2,425
785
1,602
7,102
37,413
(1,099)
(128)
(971)

(0.51)

(0.51)

37,367
9,364
42
69
46,842

11,850
708
4,519
17,077
29,765
30,755
(990)

23,481
1,765
377
884
(2,536)
(1,955)
(2,480)
(108)
601
526
1,045
21,600

20,594
3,439
630
1,798
360
1,725
2,627
1,322
6,575
39,070
(18,460)
(5,872)
(12,588)

(6.58)

(6.58)

1,918,992

1,918,992

1,918,992

1,918,992

1,913,240

1,913,240

 
 
 
        
        
          
          
          
             
               
               
               
               
               
        
        
        
          
          
        
             
          
             
          
          
          
          
        
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
        
        
            
        
        
        
          
          
          
             
             
             
              
             
             
         
         
         
         
             
         
            
         
         
            
         
            
          
             
             
              
             
             
          
          
          
        
        
        
        
        
        
          
          
          
          
             
             
          
          
          
             
             
             
          
          
          
          
             
          
          
          
          
        
          
          
        
        
        
        
         
       
        
            
         
            
       
           
           
           
           
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) AND  
CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012, 2011 AND 2010 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

For the Years Ended December 31,
2012
2011
2010
(In thousands)

Net income

$      

16,878

(971)

(12,588)

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

Unrealized gain on securities, net of tax of $1,708, $41 and $766 for the
years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively

Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in earnings, net

of tax of $1,106, $(104) and $713 for the years ended
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

2,970

63

1,311

1,925

4,895

(202)

(139)

1,242

2,553

Comprehensive income (loss)

$      

21,773

(1,110)

(10,035)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

Accumulated
Other

Retained Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Earnings

Total

(In thousands, except share data)

Balance, December 31, 2009
Restricted stock awards
Stock-based compensation expense, net
Net loss
Other comprehensive income, net of tax

Balance, December 31, 2010

Stock-based compensation expense, net
Net loss
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Balance, December 31, 2011

Stock-based compensation expense, net
Net income
Other comprehensive income, net of tax

1,912,492
6,500
-
-

19

$      
-
-
-

1,918,992

-
-

1,918,992

-
-

19

-
-

19

-
-

21,320
-
391
-

21,711
271
-

21,982
86

-

42,433
-
-
(12,588)

29,845
-
(971)

28,874
-
16,878

Balance, December 31, 2012

1,918,992

$      

19

22,068

45,752

(7,634)
-
-
-
2,553
(5,081)
-
-
(139)
(5,220)
-
-
4,895
(325)

56,138
-
391
(12,588)
2,553
46,494
271
(971)
(139)
45,655
86
16,878
4,895
67,514

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

36 

 
 
 
 
            
       
          
               
          
          
            
          
          
            
          
         
       
 
 
 
 
  
     
   
             
   
         
       
          
        
                  
        
            
       
          
        
                  
        
            
       
          
 
                  
 
               
     
  
        
     
   
             
   
            
       
          
        
                  
        
            
       
          
      
                  
      
                
      
  
        
     
   
             
   
            
       
            
        
                  
          
            
       
          
   
                  
   
               
     
  
     
   
                
   
  
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012, 2011 AND 2010 

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash 

provided by (used for) operating activities:

Provision for loan losses
Deferred tax expense (benefit)

Amortization of unearned discount/premiums on investments, net
Amortization of deferred loan fees

Amortization of mortgage servicing rights

Loss (gain) on sale of available for sale securities, net
Gain on sale of loans held for sale, net
Originations of loans held for sale
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale
Loss on extinquishment of debt
M ortgage loan buyback provision
M ortgage loan losses paid, net of recoveries
Gain on derivatives, net
Stock-based compensation
Depreciation
Loss on disposals of premises and equipment
Loss on sale of real estate acquired through foreclosure
Write-down of real estate acquired through foreclosure
Gain on sale of servicing assets
Proceeds from the sale of servicing assets

Originations of mortgage servicing assets
Decrease (increase) in:

Accrued interest receivable
Income taxes receivable

Prepaid FDIC insurance
Other assets

Increase (decrease) in:

Accrued interest payable
Income taxes payable
Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

For the Years Ended December 31,
2011
2012
2010
(In thousands)

$      

16,878

(971)

(12,588)

2,707
(657)

1,361
(5,328)

1,464

3,031
(48,987)
(2,313,236)
2,297,381
1,591
2,189
(930)
(3,776)
86
833
11
227
1,049
-
-

10,735
1,233

1,291
(3,367)

1,036

(306)
(17,340)
(1,352,873)
1,372,821
1,061
785
(2,438)
(714)
271
856
55
1,037
1,966
(299)
1,043

30,755
(1,470)

1,348
(3,904)

651

1,955
(23,481)
(1,652,257)
1,667,033
2,536
2,627
(382)
(601)
391
1,290
3
108
2,063
(526)
1,810

(7,051)

(2,983)

(5,387)

(117)
5,789

1,000
(1,146)

228
3,459
3,445
(38,499)

397
(782)

1,126
3,475

432
-
219
17,766

1,067
(6,416)

1,516
(4,149)

(545)
-
(955)
2,492

37 

Continued

 
 
 
            
       
          
        
        
            
          
         
          
          
          
         
         
         
          
          
             
          
            
          
       
       
       
  
  
  
   
   
   
          
          
          
          
             
          
            
         
            
         
            
            
               
             
             
             
             
          
               
               
                 
             
          
             
          
          
          
              
            
            
              
          
          
         
         
         
            
             
          
          
            
         
          
          
          
         
          
         
             
             
            
          
              
              
          
             
            
       
        
          
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012, 2011 AND 2010 

Cash flows from investing activities:

Activity in available-for-sale securities:

Purchases
M aturities, payments and calls
Proceeds from sales

Activity in held-to-maturity securities-
M aturities, payments and calls

(Increase) decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Decrease in loans receivable, net
Purchase of premises and equipment
Proceeds from disposals of premises and equipment
Proceeds from sale of real estate acquired through foreclosure

Cash flows provided by investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Net increase (decrease) in deposit accounts
Net decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Net decrease in other short-term borrowed funds
Principal repayment of subordinated debt
Net increase in drafts outstanding
Net increase in advances from borrowers for insurance and taxes

Cash flows used in financing activities

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

Supplemental disclosure

Cash paid for:

Interest on deposits and borrowed funds
Income taxes paid, net of (refunds)

For the Years Ended December 31,
2010
2011
2012
(In thousands)

$     

(79,907)
42,618
27,735

794
772
4,858
(1,182)
19
7,944
3,651

31,444
23,409
(21,252)
(300)
(1,506)
104
31,899
(2,949)
20,788
17,839

$      

(36,655)
44,052
5,572

1,357
3,944
53,283
(181)
-
11,725
83,097

(68,011)
(36,560)
(1,425)
(300)
1,371
113
(104,812)
(3,949)
24,737
20,788

(83,078)
41,887
88,898

21,633
1,327
65,695
(736)
78
5,813
141,517

(71,294)
(53,536)
(15,103)
(225)
28
198
(139,932)
4,077
20,660
24,737

$        

7,285
1,424

10,681
(810)

17,622
2,014

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

Other-than-temporary impairment reflected through accumulated

other comprehensive income

87

685

1,685

Other-than-temporary impairment reflected through the statement

of operations

Transfer of loans receivable to real estate acquired through foreclosure
Transfer of held to maturity securities to available for sale securities

Unrealized gain in securities available for sale, net

913
9,407
-
2,970

1,753
10,009
-

63

2,480
10,947
91,512
1,311

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

38 

 
 
 
       
       
        
        
        
        
          
        
             
          
        
             
          
          
          
        
        
         
            
            
               
              
               
          
        
          
          
        
      
        
       
       
        
       
       
       
         
       
            
            
            
         
          
               
             
             
             
        
     
     
         
         
          
        
        
        
        
        
  
  
        
        
          
            
          
               
             
          
             
          
          
          
        
        
              
              
        
          
               
          
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Organization 
Carolina Financial Corporation (“Carolina Financial” or the “Company”), incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware, is 
a bank holding company with two wholly-owned subsidiaries, CresCom Bank (the “Bank”) and Carolina Services Corporation of 
Charleston  (“Carolina  Services”).  Effective  July  31,  2011,  Carolina  Financial  combined  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary  bank, 
Community FirstBank of Charleston (“Community FirstBank”),  with and into its other wholly-owned subsidiary bank, Crescent 
Bank.  In conjunction with this internal reorganization, Crescent Bank’s name was changed to CresCom Bank.  Crescent Mortgage 
Company  (“Crescent  Mortgage”),  formerly  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  Community  FirstBank,  became  a  wholly-owned 
subsidiary of CresCom Bank.  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned 
subsidiaries,  CresCom  Bank  and  Carolina  Services.    In  consolidation,  all  material  intercompany  accounts  and  transactions  have 
been eliminated.  The results of operations of the businesses acquired in transactions accounted for as purchases are included only 
from the dates of acquisition.  All majority-owned subsidiaries are consolidated unless control is temporary or does not rest with 
the Company. 

At December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, statutory business trusts (“Trusts”) created by the Company had outstanding trust preferred 
securities  with  an  aggregate  par  value  of  $15,000,000.    The  principal  assets  of  the  Trusts  are  $15,465,000  of  the  Company’s 
subordinated  debentures  with  identical  rates  of  interest  and  maturities  as  the  trust  preferred  securities.    The  Trusts  have  issued 
$465,000 of common securities to the Company and are included in other investments in the accompanying consolidated balance 
sheets.  The Trusts are not consolidated subsidiaries of the Company. 

Management’s Estimates 
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America 
which  require  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and 
expenses during the reporting periods.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.   

Material  estimates  that  are  particularly  susceptible  to  significant  change  in  the  near  term  relate  to  the  determination  of  the 
allowance  for  loan  losses,  including  valuation  for  impaired  loans,  the  valuation  of  real  estate  acquired  in  connection  with 
foreclosure or in satisfaction of loans, the valuation of securities, the valuation of derivative instruments, the valuation of mortgage 
servicing  rights,  the  determination  of  the  reserve  for  mortgage  loan  repurchase  losses,  asserted  and  unasserted  legal  claims  and 
deferred tax assets or liabilities.  In connection with the determination of the allowance for loan losses and foreclosed real estate, 
management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties.  Management must also make estimates in determining the 
estimated useful lives and methods for depreciating premises and equipment. 

Management uses available information to recognize losses on loans and foreclosed real estate.  However, future additions to the 
allowance may be necessary based on changes in local economic conditions.  In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of 
their  examination  process,  periodically  review  the  Bank’s  allowances  for  loan  losses  and  foreclosed  real  estate.    Such  agencies 
may require the Bank to recognize additions to the allowances based on their judgments about information available to them at the 
time of their examination.  Because of these factors, it is reasonably possible that the allowances for loan losses and foreclosed real 
estate may change materially in the near term. 

Subsequent Events 
Subsequent  events  are  events  or  transactions  that  occur  after  the  balance  sheet  date  but  before  financial  statements  are  issued.  
Recognized subsequent events are events or transactions that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date 
of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements.  Non-recognized subsequent 
events are events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the statement of financial condition but 
arose after that date.  Management has reviewed events occurring through March 15, 2013, the date the financial statements were 
available to be issued and no subsequent events occurred requiring accrual or disclosure. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 
Cash  and  cash  equivalents  consists  of  cash  and  due  from  banks  and  interest-bearing  cash  with  banks.    Substantially  all  of  the 
interest-bearing cash at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank overnight deposits.  
Cash  and  cash  equivalents  have  maturities  of  three  months  or  less.    Accordingly,  the  carrying  amount  of  such  instruments  is 
considered  a  reasonable  estimate  of  fair  value.  The  Bank  is  required  to  maintain  average  balances  on  hand  or  with  the  Federal 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Reserve Bank.  At December 31, 2012 and 2011, these reserve balances amounted to $4.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively.  
In addition, the mortgage company is required to keep $1.0 million in cash related to its warehouse line of credit. 

Securities 
Investment  securities  are  classified  into  three  categories:    (a)  Held  to  Maturity  –  debt  securities  that  the  Company  has  positive 
intent and ability to hold to maturity, which are reported at amortized cost; (b) Trading – debt and equity securities that are bought 
and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term, which are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and 
losses included in earnings; and (c) Available for Sale – debt and equity securities that may be sold under certain conditions, which 
are  reported  at  fair  value,  with  unrealized  gains  and  losses  excluded  from  earnings  and  reported  in  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income. 

The  Company  determines  investment  and  mortgage-backed  securities  classification  at  the  time  of  purchase.    If  a  security  is 
transferred from available for sale to held to maturity, the fair value at the time of transfer becomes the held to maturity security’s 
new  cost  basis.  Premiums  and  discounts  on  securities  are  accreted  and  amortized  as  an  adjustment  to  interest  yield  over  the 
estimated  life  of  the  security  using  a  method  which  approximates  a  level  yield.    Dividends  and  interest  income  are  recognized 
when earned.  Unrealized losses on securities, reflecting a decline in value judged by the Company to be other-than-temporary, are 
charged to income in the consolidated statements of operations.   

The cost basis of securities sold is determined by specific identification.  Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on a trade 
date basis.  

Loans Held for Sale 
The  Company’s  residential  mortgage  lending  activities  for  sale  in  the  secondary  market  are  comprised  of  accepting  residential 
mortgage  loan  applications,  qualifying  borrowers  to  standards  established  by  investors,  funding  residential  mortgage  loans  and 
selling mortgage loans to investors under pre-existing commitments.  Funded residential mortgages held for sale to investors are 
reported  at  the  lower  of  aggregate  cost  or  estimated  fair  value.    Net  unrealized  losses,  if  any,  are  recognized  in  a  valuation 
allowance  by  charges  to  operations.    Gains  or  losses  realized  on  the  sales  of  loans  are  recognized  at  the  time  of  sale  and  are 
determined by the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying value of the loans sold, adjusted for any servicing 
asset or liability retained.  Gains and losses on sales of loans are included in noninterest income. 

The Company issues rate lock commitments to borrowers on prices quoted by secondary market investors.  Derivatives related to 
these commitments are recorded as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet and are measured at fair value.  Changes in the 
fair value of the derivatives are reported in current earnings or other comprehensive income depending on the purpose for which 
the derivative is held and whether the derivative qualifies for hedge accounting.  The Company does not currently engage in any 
activities that qualify for hedge accounting.   Accordingly,  changes in  fair values of these derivative instruments are included in 
noninterest income in the consolidated statements of operations. 

Loans Receivable, Net 
Loans  that  management  has  the  intent  and  ability  to  hold  for  the  foreseeable  future  are  reported  at  their  outstanding  principal 
balances  net  of  any  unearned  income,  charge-offs,  deferred  fees  or  costs  on  originated  loans  and  unamortized  premiums  or 
discounts on purchased loans. The net amount of nonrefundable loan origination fees, commitment  fees and certain direct costs 
associated  with  the  lending  process  are  deferred  and  amortized  to  interest  income  over  the  contractual  lives  of  the  loans  using 
methods that approximate a level yield or noninterest income when the loan is sold. Discounts and premiums on purchased loans 
are amortized to interest income over the estimated life of the loans using methods that approximate a level yield, or noninterest 
income when the loan is sold. Commercial loans and substantially all installment loans accrue interest on the unpaid balance of the 
loans.  

A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all 
amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of 
expected  future  cash  flows  discounted  at  the  loan’s  effective  interest  rate,  or  as  a  practical  expedient,  at  the  loan’s  observable 
market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral-dependent. When the fair value of the impaired loan is less 
than the recorded investment in the loan, the impairment is recorded through a specific reserve allocation that is a component of 
the allowance for loan losses.  A loan is charged-off against the allowance for loan losses when all meaningful collection efforts 
have been exhausted and the loan is viewed as uncollectible in the immediate or foreseeable future. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) 
The  Company  designates  loan  modifications  as  TDRs  when,  for  economic  or  legal  reasons  related  to  the  borrower’s  financial 
difficulties, it grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider.  Loans on nonaccrual status at the date of 
modification  are  initially  classified  as  nonaccrual  TDRs.    Loans  on  accruing  status  at  the  date  of  modification  are  initially 
classified  as  accruing  TDRs  at  the  date  of  modification,  if  the  note  is  reasonably  assured  of  repayment  and  performance  is  in 
accordance  with  its  modified  terms.    Such  loans  may  be  designated  as  nonaccrual  loans  subsequent  to  the  modification  date  if 
reasonable  doubt  exists  as  to  the  collection  of  interest  or  principal  under  the  restructuring  agreement.    Nonaccrual  TDRs  are 
returned to accrual status when there is economic substance to the restructuring, there is well documented credit evaluation of the 
borrower’s financial condition, the remaining balance is reasonably assured of repayment in accordance with its modified terms, 
and the borrower has demonstrated repayment performance in accordance with the modified terms for a reasonable period of time 
(generally a minimum of six months). 

Mortgage Servicing Rights, Fees and Costs 
The  Company  initially  measures  servicing  assets  and  liabilities  retained  related  to  the  sale  of  residential  loans  held  for  sale 
(“mortgage servicing rights”) at fair value, if practicable.  For subsequent measurement purposes, the Company measures servicing 
assets and liabilities based on the lower of cost or market. 

Mortgage servicing rights are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income.  The amortization 
of the mortgage servicing rights is analyzed periodically and is adjusted to reflect changes in prepayment rates and other estimates. 

The Company evaluates potential impairment of mortgage servicing rights based on the difference between the carrying amount 
and current estimated fair value of the servicing rights.  In determining impairment, the Company aggregates all servicing rights 
and  stratifies  them  into  tranches  based  on  predominant  risk  characteristics.  If  impairment  exists,  a  valuation  allowance  is 
established for any excess of  amortized cost over the current estimated  fair value by a charge to income.  If the  Company later 
determines that all or a portion of the impairment no longer exists for a particular tranche, a reduction of the allowance may be 
recorded as an increase to income. 

Service fee income is recorded for fees earned for servicing mortgage loans under servicing agreements with the Federal National 
Mortgage  Association (“FNMA”), the  Federal Home  Loan  Mortgage  Corporation (“FHLMC”), Government National  Mortgage 
Association (“GNMA”) and certain private investors.  The fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal 
balance of the loans serviced and are recorded as income when received.  The amortization of mortgage servicing rights is netted 
against loan servicing fee income.  Mortgage servicing costs are charged to expense  when incurred.  Service fee income, net of 
amortization and servicing costs, is recorded in other income. 

Nonperforming Assets 
Nonperforming assets include loans on which interest is not being accrued, accruing loans that are 90 days or more delinquent and 
foreclosed property. Foreclosed property consists of real estate and other assets acquired as a result of a borrower’s loan default. 
Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when concern exists that principal or interest is not fully collectible, or when any 
portion of principal or interest becomes 90 days past due, whichever occurs first. Loans past due 90 days or more may remain on 
accrual status if management determines that concern over the collectability of principal and interest is not significant. When loans 
are  placed  on  nonaccrual  status,  interest  receivable  is  reversed  against  interest  income  in  the  current  period.  Interest  payments 
received  thereafter  are  applied  as  a  reduction  to  the  remaining  principal  balance  as  long  as  concern  exists  as  to  the  ultimate 
collection of the principal. Loans are removed from nonaccrual status when they become current as to both principal and interest 
and when concern no longer exists as to the collectability of principal or interest.  

Assets acquired as a result of foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs at the date of foreclosure, 
establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, such properties are generally appraised annually, and the carrying value, 
if  greater than the  fair value less estimated selling costs, is adjusted  with a charge  to noninterest expense.  Routine  maintenance 
costs  and  declines  in  market  value  are  included  in  noninterest  expense.  Net  gains  or  losses  on  sale  are  included  in  noninterest 
income.  

Allowance for Loan Losses 
The allowance for loan losses is Management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet 
date. Management determines the allowance based on an ongoing evaluation. This evaluation is inherently subjective because it 
requires material estimates and is based on evaluations of the collectability of loans.  Impaired loans, including nonaccrual loans, 
loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing, troubled-debt restructured loans, and loans in excess of a defined threshold that 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

are not paying in accordance with contractual terms, are evaluated for specific impairment. The specific reserves are determined on 
a  loan-by-loan  basis  based  on  Management’s  evaluation  of  the  Company’s  exposure  for  each  credit,  given  the  current  payment 
status of the loan and the value of any underlying collateral. Management’s estimate of losses in the remainder of the portfolio is 
based  on  certain  observable  data  that  Management  believes  are  most  reflective  of  the  underlying  credit  losses  being  estimated. 
This evaluation includes credit quality trends; collateral values; portfolio aging; loan volumes; geographic, borrower and industry 
concentrations; seasoning of the loan portfolio; the findings of internal credit quality assessments and results from external bank 
regulatory examinations.  

While  Management  uses  the  best  information  available  to  establish  the  allowance  for  loan  losses,  future  adjustments  to  the 
allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the valuations or, if 
required by regulators, based upon information available to them at the time of their examinations. Such adjustments to original 
estimates, as necessary, are  made in  the period in  which  these  factors and other relevant considerations  indicate that loss levels 
may vary from previous estimates.  

Guarantees 
Standby letters of credit obligate the Company to meet certain financial obligations of its customers, under the contractual terms of 
the agreement, if the customers are unable to do so.  Payment is only guaranteed under these letters of credit upon the borrower’s 
failure  to  perform  its  obligations  to  the  beneficiary.    The  Company  can  seek  recovery  of  the  amounts  paid  from  the  borrower; 
however, these standby letters of credit are generally not collateralized.  Commitments under standby letters of credit are usually 
one year or less.  At December 31, 2012 the Company had recorded no liability for the current carrying amount of the obligation to 
perform  as  a  guarantor;  as  such  amounts  are  not  considered  material.    The  maximum  potential  amount  of  undiscounted  future 
payments related to standby letters of credit at December 31, 2012 was $396,000. 

Premises and Equipment, Net 
Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method 
over the asset’s estimated useful life.  Estimated lives range up to forty years for buildings and improvements and up to ten years 
for furniture, fixtures and equipment.  Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.  Improvements that extend the 
lives of the respective assets are capitalized.  When property or equipment is sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related 
accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in income. 

Advertising 
The  Company  expenses  advertising  costs  as  incurred.    These  expenses  are  reflected  as  marketing  and  public  relations  in  the 
accompanying consolidated statements of operations. 

Income Taxes 
The provision for income taxes is based upon income or loss before taxes for financial statement purposes, adjusted for nontaxable 
income  and  nondeductible  expenses.  Deferred  income  taxes  have  been  provided  when  different  accounting  methods  have  been 
used in determining income for income tax purposes and for financial reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities  are 
recognized  based  on  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences  arising  from  the  financial  statement  carrying  values  of 
assets and liabilities and their tax bases. In the event of changes in the tax laws, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted in 
the period of the enactment of those changes, with the cumulative effects included in the current year’s income tax provision.  

Positions  taken  by  the  Company’s  tax  returns  may  be  subject  to  challenge  by  the  taxing  authorities  upon  examination.    The 
benefits  of  uncertain  tax  positions  are  initially  recognized  in  the  financial  statements  only  when  it  is  more  likely  than  not  the 
position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities.  Such tax positions are both initially and subsequently measured 
as  the  largest  amount  of  tax  benefit  that  is  greater  than  50%  likely  of  being  realized  upon  settlement  with  the  tax  authority, 
assuming full knowledge of the position and all relevant facts.  The Company believes that its income tax filing positions taken or 
expected  to  be  taken  in  its  tax  returns  will  more  likely  than  not  be  sustained  upon  audit  by  the  taxing  authorities  and  does  not 
anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, 
or cash flow.  Therefore, no reserves for uncertain tax positions have been recorded.  The Company’s federal income tax returns 
were examined for the years 2008 through 2010.  No changes were proposed. 

Interest and penalties on income tax uncertainties are classified  within income  tax expense in the  statement of operations.   The 
Company paid $1,000 of penalties and $400 interest during fiscal 2012.  The Company paid $7,000 of penalties and no interest 
during fiscal 2011.  The Company had no interest or penalties during fiscal 2010. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

It  is  management’s  belief  that  the  realization  of  the  remaining  net  deferred  tax  assets  is  more  likely  than  not.    Accordingly,  no 
reserve was considered necessary. 

Drafts Outstanding 
The  Company  invests  excess  funds  on  deposit  at  other  banks  (including  amounts  on  deposit  for  payment  of  outstanding 
disbursement checks) on a daily basis in an overnight interest-bearing account.  Accordingly, outstanding checks are reported as a 
liability. 

Reserve for Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses 
The Company sells mortgage loans to various third parties, including government-sponsored entities, under contractual provisions 
that  include  various  representations  and  warranties  that  typically  cover  ownership  of  the  loan,  compliance  with  loan  criteria  set 
forth in the applicable agreement, validity of the lien securing the loan, absence of delinquent taxes or liens against the property 
securing the loan, and similar matters.  The Company may be required to repurchase the mortgage loans with identified defects, 
indemnify the investor or insurer, or reimburse the investor for credit loss incurred on the loan (collectively “repurchase”) in the 
event of a material breach of such contractual representations or warranties.  Risk associated with potential repurchases or other 
forms  of  settlement  is  managed  through  underwriting  and  quality  assurance  practices  and  by  servicing  mortgage  loans  to  meet 
investor and secondary market standards. 

The  Company  establishes  mortgage  repurchase  reserves  related  to  various  representations  and  warranties  that  reflect 
management’s  estimate  of  losses  based  on  a  combination  of  factors.    Such  factors  incorporate  estimated  levels  of  defects  on 
internal quality assurance, default expectations, historical investor repurchase demand and appeals success rates, reimbursement by 
correspondent and other third party originators, and projected loss severity.  The Company establishes a reserve at the time loans 
are sold and continually updates the reserve estimate during the estimated loan life.  The reserve for repurchases was $4.9 million 
and  $3.6  million  at  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  respectively.    For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2012,  2011  and  2010,  the 
Company recorded mortgage repurchase reserve expense of $2.2 million, $785,000 and $2.6 million, respectively.  The expense is 
reflected in noninterest expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.  In addition, the Company incurred 
mortgage repurchase losses, net of recoveries, for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 of $930,000, $2.4 million 
and  $383,000,  respectively.  To  the  extent  that  economic  conditions  and  the  housing  market  do  not  recover  or  future  investor 
repurchase demand and appeals success rates differ from past experience, the Company could continue to have increased demands 
and increased loss severities on repurchases, causing future additions to the repurchase reserve. 

Transfers of Financial Assets 
Transfers  of  financial  assets  are  accounted  for  as  sales,  when  control  over  the  assets  has  been  surrendered.    Control  over 
transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains 
the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and 
(3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before 
their maturity. 

Comprehensive Income (Loss) 
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income or loss and net unrealized gains (losses) on securities and is presented in the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).  The Company’s other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended 
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 and accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are 
comprised solely of unrealized gains (losses) on certain investment securities. 

Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments 
In the ordinary course of business, the Company entered into off-balance-sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to 
extend  credit,  commitments  under  revolving  credit  agreements,  and  standby  letters  of  credit.    Such  financial  instruments  are 
recorded in the financial statements when they are funded. 

Stock-Based Compensation 
At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  the  Company  had  two  stock-based  payment  plans  for  directors,  officers  and  other  key 
employees, which are described below. 

When share options are issued, the fair value at the date of grant of the stock option is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-
pricing model based on certain assumptions.  The dividend yield is based on estimated future dividend yields. The risk-free rate for 
periods  within  the  contractual  term  of  the  share  option  is  based  on  the  U.S.  Treasury  yield  curve  in  effect  at  the  time  of  grant. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Expected volatilities are generally based on historical volatilities. The expected term of share options granted is generally derived 
from historical experience. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the stock option vesting period. There 
were no options issued during fiscal 2012 and 2011.   

The Company adopted the 2006 Recognition and Retention Plan under which an aggregate of 60,000 shares of common stock have 
been  reserved  for  issuance  by  the  Company.    The  plan  provides  for  the  grant  of  stock  to  key  employees  and  Directors  of  the 
Company and its subsidiaries.  The non-vested common stock vests ratably over a five-year period.  During 2010, 6,500 shares of 
non-vested restricted common stock of the Company were granted to employees and non-employees of the Company at $8.11 per 
share.  No restricted common stock of the Company was granted during fiscal 2012 and 2011.  As of December 31, 2012, a total of 
56,500 shares have been awarded under the plan, of which 50,600 shares have vested and 5,900 shares are unvested. 

Additionally,  the  Company  has  adopted  the  2002  Stock  Option  Plan  under  which  an  aggregate  of  138,750  shares  have  been 
reserved for issuance by the Company upon the grant of stock options or limited rights, of which 8,240 are outstanding.  The plan 
provided for the grant of options to key employees and Directors as determined by the Board of Directors.  No additional options 
can be awarded under this plan.  The options vest ratably over a five-year period and have a ten-year term, both of which begin at 
the date of grant.  

The expense recognition of employee stock option and restricted stock awards resulted in net expense of approximately $86,000, 
$271,000 and $391,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. 

A summary of the status of the Company’s stock option plans at December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 and changes during the years 
then ended is presented below: 

At and For the Year Ended December 31,
2011

2012

2010

Weighted 
Average
Exercise
Price

$    

15.63
-

-
(15.00)
23.29

$    

S hares
140,480
-

-
(132,240)
8,240

Weighted 
Average
Exercise
Price

$    

15.83
-

-
(22.22)
15.63

$    

Shares
144,980
-

-
(4,500)
140,480

Weighted 
Average
Exercise
Price

$    

15.83
-

-
-
15.83

$    

Shares
144,980
-

-
-
144,980

Outstanding at beginning of year

Granted

Exercised
Forfeited or expired
Outstanding at end of year

Options exercisable at end of year

8,240

$    

23.29

140,480

$    

15.63

144,570

$    

15.77

The following table summarizes information about the options outstanding at December 31, 2012: 

At December 31, 2012

Options Outstanding
Weighted Avg.
Remaining Years

Weighted
Average

Options Exercisable

Number

Weighted
Average

Number

Range of Exercise Prices
$ 15.00 to $20.00
$ 20.01 to $25.00
$ 35.00 to $40.00

Outstanding Contractual Life Exercise Price Outstanding Exercise Price
20.00
$            
24.00
38.50
23.29

4,000
3,540
700
8,240

4,000
3,540
700
8,240

20.00
24.00
38.50
23.29

1.3
2.5
3.8
2.0

$            

$            

$            

There  were  no  options  granted  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2012,  2011  and  2010.    No  stock  options  were  exercised 
during the year ended December 31, 2012.  Fair values have been retroactively restated for all stock dividends since the date the 
option was granted.  As of December 31, 2012, there was approximately $55,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related 
to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements. Unrecognized cost is projected to be recognized over a weighted average 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
          
         
         
         
          
         
         
         
          
         
 
    
    
    
          
         
       
 
   
       
 
   
 
 
            
            
            
              
            
              
               
              
               
              
            
            
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

period  of  approximately  one  year.    The  Company  generally  issues  authorized  but  previously  unissued  shares  to  satisfy  option 
exercises. 

Reclassification 
Certain  reclassifications  of  accounts  reported  for  previous  periods  have  been  made  in  these  consolidated  financial  statements.  
Such reclassifications had no effect on stockholders’ equity or the net income (loss) as previously reported.   

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements 
The following is a summary of recent authoritative pronouncements that could impact the accounting, reporting, and disclosure of 
financial information by the Company. 

In  April  2011  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2011-02  to  assist  creditors  with  their  determination  of  when  a  restructuring  is  a  Troubled 
Debt Restructuring (“TDR”).   The determination is based on whether the restructuring constitutes a concession and whether the 
debtor  is  experiencing  financial  difficulties  as  both  events  must  be  present.    The  new  guidance  was  effective  for  the  Company 
beginning January 1, 2012 and did not have a material effect on the Company’s TDR determinations. 

In April 2011, the criteria used to determine effective control of transferred assets in the Transfers and Servicing topic of the ASC 
was amended by ASU 2011-03.  The requirement for the transferor to have the ability to repurchase or redeem the financial assets 
on substantially the agreed terms and the collateral maintenance implementation guidance related to that criterion were removed 
from the assessment of effective control.  The other criteria to assess effective control were not changed.  The amendments were 
effective for the Company on January 1, 2012 and did not have a material effect on the financial statements. 

ASU 2011-04 was issued in May 2011 to amend the Fair Value Measurement topic of the ASC by clarifying the application of 
existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements and by changing particular principles or requirements for measuring 
fair  value  or  for  disclosing  information  about  fair  value  measurements.    The  amendments  were  effective  for  the  Company 
beginning January 1, 2012 and did not have a material effect on the financial statements. 

The Comprehensive Income topic of the ASC was amended in June 2011.  The amendment eliminates the option to present other 
comprehensive income as a part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity and requires consecutive presentation of the 
statement of net income and other comprehensive income.  The amendments were applicable to the Company on January 1, 2012 
and have been applied retrospectively.  In December 2011, the topic was further amended to defer the effective date of presenting 
reclassification adjustments from other comprehensive income to net income on the face of the financial statements.  Companies 
should  continue  to  report  reclassifications  out  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  consistent  with  the  presentation 
requirements in effect prior to the amendments while FASB finalizes it conclusions regarding future requirements. 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 
The  Balance  Sheet  topic  of  the  ASC  was  amended  in  December  2011  for  companies  with  financial  instruments  are  derivative 
instruments that offset or are subject to a master netting agreement.  The amendments require disclosure of both gross information 
and net information about instruments and transactions eligible for offset or subject to an agreement similar to a  master netting 
agreement.    The  amendments  are  effective  for  reporting  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2013  and  must  be  provided 
retrospectively for all comparative periods presented.  The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect 
on its financial statements. 

The  FASB  amended  the  Comprehensive  Income  topic  of  the  ASC  in  February  2013.    The  amendments  address  reporting  of 
amounts  reclassified  out  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income.    Specifically,  the  amendments  do  not  change  the  current 
requirements  for  reporting  net  income  of  other  comprehensive  income  in  financial  statements.    However,  the  amendments  do 
require  an  entity  to  provide  information  about  the  amounts  reclassified  out  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  by 
component.    In  addition,  in  certain  circumstances  an  entity  is  required  to  present,  either  on  the  fact  of  the  statement  where  net 
income  is  presented  or  in  the  notes,  significant  amounts  reclassified  out  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  by  the 
respective  line  items  of  net  income.    The  amendments  will  be  effective  for  the  Company  on  a  prospective  basis  for  reporting 
periods beginning after December 15, 2013.  Earlier adoption is permitted.  The Company does not expect these amendments will 
have a material effect on its financial statements. 

In February 2013 the FASB also amended the Financial Instruments topic of the  ASC  to address the scope and applicability of 
certain disclosures to nonpublic companies.  The amendments clarify that the requirement to disclose “the level of the fair value 
hierarchy  within  the  fair  value  measurements  are  categorized  in  their  entirety  (Level  1,  2,  or  3)”  does  not  apply  to  nonpublic 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

entities for items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position but for which fair value is disclosed.  The 
Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements. 

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to 
have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 

Risks and Uncertainties 
In the normal course of its business, the Company encounters two significant types of risks:  economic and regulatory.  There are 
three main components of economic risk:  interest rate risk, credit risk, and market risk.  The Company is subject to interest rate 
risk to the degree that its interest-bearing liabilities mature or re-price at different speeds, or on a different basis, than its interest-
earning assets.  Credit risk is the risk of default on the loan portfolio or certain securities that results from borrowers’ inability or 
unwillingness to make contractually required payments.  Market risk reflects changes in the value of collateral underlying loans 
receivable  and  the  valuation  of  real  estate  held  by  the  Company.    The  Company  is  subject  to  the  regulations  of  various 
governmental agencies.  These regulations can and do change significantly from period to period.  Periodic examinations by the 
regulatory  agencies  may  subject  the  Company  to  further  changes  with  respect  to  asset  valuations,  amounts  of  required  loss 
allowances and operating restrictions from the regulators’ judgments based on information available to them at the time of their 
examination. 

NOTE 2 - SECURITIES 

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value of investments securities available for sale and 
held to maturity at December 31, 2012 and 2011 follows: 

2012

2011

At December 31,

Gross
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized
Gains

Losses

Gross

Cost

Fair
Value

Gross
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized
Gains

Losses

Gross

Cost

Securities available-for-sale:
M unicipal securities
GNM A
M ortgage-backed securities

Total securities 

$    

17,630
22,188
105,956

252
823
3,025

(In thousands)
17,769
23,011
108,890

1,118
22,857
116,337

(113)
-
(91)

19
1,136
2,646

-

(2)
(7,167)

Fair
Value

1,137
23,991
111,816

available for sale

$  

145,774

4,100

(204)

149,670

140,312

3,801

(7,169)

136,944

Securities held-to-maturity:
Asset-backed securities

Total securities held 
to maturity

$      

9,166

$      

9,166

580

580

(4,197)

5,549

9,401

(4,197)

5,549

9,401

-

-

(6,628)

2,773

(6,628)

2,773

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
            
           
   
       
            
           
         
      
            
             
   
     
       
             
       
    
         
             
 
   
       
      
     
         
           
 
   
       
      
     
  
  
            
        
     
       
           
      
         
            
        
     
       
           
      
         
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity at December 31, 2012 follows: 

2012

Amortized
Cost

Fair 
Value

(In thousands)

S ecurities available-for-sale:
Six to ten years
After ten years
Total

S ecurities held-to-maturity:
Six to ten years
After ten years
Total

$             

7,894
137,880
145,774

$         

-
$                
9,166
9,166

$             

7,958
141,712
149,670

-
5,549
5,549

The  contractual  maturity  dates  of  the  securities  were  used  for  mortgage-backed  securities  and  asset-backed  securities.    No 
estimates were made to anticipate principal repayments. 

During 2012, the Company sold 14 securities available-for-sale totaling $30.8 million.  The Company received gross proceeds of 
$27.7 million related to the sale of these securities and recognized gross gains of $426,000 and gross losses of $3.5 million. 

During  2011,  the  Company  sold  5  securities  available-for-sale  totaling  $5.3  million.    The  Company  received  gross  proceeds  of 
$5.6 million related to the sale of these securities and recognized gross gains of $357,000 and gross losses of $51,000. 

At  December  31,  2012,  the  Company  has  pledged  $6.8  million  of  securities  for  FHLB  advances.    See  Note  9  –  Short-Term 
Borrowed Funds for further discussion. 

The  gross  unrealized  losses  and  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  investments  available  for  sale  with  unrealized  losses  that  are  not 
deemed  to  be  other-than-temporarily  impaired,  aggregated  by  investment  category  and  length  of  time  that  individual  securities 
have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2012 are as follows: 

Less than 12 Months
Fair
Value

Amortized
Cost

Unrealized Amortized

Unrealized Amortized

Losses

Cost

Losses

Cost

At December 31, 2012
12 Months or Greater
Fair
Value
(In thousands)

Total
Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

S ecurities available-for-sale:
M unicipal securities
M ortgage-backed

$      

8,554

8,441

securities

Total

13,078

$    

21,632

13,023

21,464

(113)

(55)

(168)

-

-

1,927

1,927

1,891

1,891

-

(36)

(36)

8,554

8,441

15,005

23,559

14,914

23,355

(113)

(91)

(204)

S ecurities held-to-maturity:
Asset-backed
securities

$          
-

-

-

9,082

4,885

(4,197)

9,082

4,885

(4,197)

The  gross  unrealized  losses  and  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  investments  available  for  sale  with  unrealized  losses  that  are  not 
deemed  to  be  other-than-temporarily  impaired,  aggregated  by  investment  category  and  length  of  time  that  individual  securities 
have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2011 are as follows: 

47 

 
 
               
           
           
           
  
  
                  
               
               
               
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
           
            
       
             
        
   
           
      
 
             
        
   
             
      
 
             
 
           
        
   
             
      
 
           
  
       
             
        
   
        
        
   
        
  
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Less than 12 M onths
Fair
Value

Amortized
Cost

Unrealized Amortized

Unrealized Amortized

Losses

Cost

Losses

Cost

At December 31, 2011
12 M onths or Greater
Fair
Value
(In thousands)

Total
Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Securities available-for-sale:
GNM A
$      
M ortgage-backed

2,218

2,216

(2)

-

-

-

2,218

2,216

(2)

securities
Total

11,944
14,162

$    

11,767
13,983

(177)
(179)

27,939
27,939

20,949
20,949

(6,990)
(6,990)

39,883
42,101

32,716
34,932

(7,167)
(7,169)

Securities held-to-maturity:
Asset-backed
securities

$          
-

-

-

9,401

2,773

(6,628)

9,401

2,773

(6,628)

At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had 26 and 21, respectively, individual investments available-for-sale that were in 
an unrealized loss position.  The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in GNMA securities, mortgage-backed securities 
and  asset-backed  securities  summarized  above  were  attributable  primarily  to  credit  quality,  credit  rating  changes  and  liquidity.  
Management  has  performed  various  analyses,  including  cash  flows,  and  has  recorded  OTTI  expense  of  $625,000  related  to  4 
securities available for sale during fiscal 2012.  These 4 securities available for sale were subsequently sold during fiscal 2012.  In 
addition,  OTTI  expense  totaling  $288,000  was  recorded  related  to  2  held-to-maturity  securities  during  fiscal  2012.  There  is  one 
additional held-to-maturity security that had OTTI expense recorded in prior years, but did not incur OTTI expense during fiscal 
2012. Other than these 3 held-to-maturity securities, management believes that there are no other securities other-than-temporarily 
impaired  at  December  31,  2012.    The  Company  does  not  intend  to  sell  these  securities  and  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the 
Company  will not be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost.  Management continues to monitor 
these securities with a high degree of scrutiny.  There can be no assurance that the Company will not conclude in future periods that 
conditions  existing  at  that  time  indicate  some  or  all  of  the  securities  may  be  sold  or  are  other-than-temporarily  impaired,  which 
would require a charge to earnings in such periods. 

The Company reviews its investment securities portfolio at least quarterly and more frequently when economic conditions warrant, 
assessing whether there is any indication of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”).  Factors considered in the review include 
estimated future cash flows, length of time and extent to which market value has been less than cost, the financial condition and 
near  term  prospect  of  the  issuer,  and  our  intent  and  ability  to  retain  the  security  to  allow  for  an  anticipated  recovery  in  market 
value.    If  the  review  determines  that  there  is  OTTI,  then  an  impairment  loss  is  recognized  in  earnings  equal  to  the  difference 
between the investment’s cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which the assessment is made, 
or a portion may be recognized in other comprehensive income.  The fair value of investments on which OTTI is recognized then 
becomes the new cost basis of the investment.  

The  unrealized  loss  in  asset-backed  securities  relates  to  valuations  on  14  individual  pooled  trust  preferred  securities.    The 
Company  believes,  based  on  industry  analyst  reports  and  third-party  other-than-temporary  loss  impairment  evaluations,  that  the 
deterioration in the value of these securities is attributable to a combination of the lack of liquidity in these securities, credit ratings 
and credit quality concerns. 

The Company, as a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of Atlanta, is required to own capital stock in the FHLB of 
Atlanta based generally upon a membership-based requirement and an activity based requirement.  FHLB capital stock is pledged 
to secure FHLB advances.  No secondary  market exists  for this stock, and it has no quoted market price. However, redemption 
through the FHLB of this stock has historically been at par value.  The Company’s investment in FHLB capital stock was $6.4 
million and $7.2 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 

Other investments at December 31, 2012 and 2011 consisted of $465,000 invested in capital stock of statutory business trusts (See 
Note 10 – Long-term debt).   

48 

 
   
               
            
       
             
        
   
               
      
 
           
      
 
        
      
 
        
 
           
      
 
        
      
 
        
       
             
        
   
        
        
   
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

NOTE 3 – DERIVATIVES 

The derivative positions of the Company at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

Fair
Value

Notional
Value

Fair
Value
(In thousands)

Notional
Value

Derivative assets:

M ortgage loan interest rate lock commitments
M ortgage loan forward sales commitments
M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments

$ 

$ 

4,783
1,692
67
6,542

289,584
59,177
308,000
656,761

2,832
1,168
-
4,000

218,465
47,992
-
266,457

Derivative liabilities:

M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments

$     
-

-

1,234

167,000

The Company uses derivatives to reduce interest rate risk incurred as a result of market movements.  These derivatives primarily 
consist  of  mortgage  loan  interest  rate  lock  commitments,  mortgage  loan  forward  sales  commitments  and  options  to  deliver 
mortgage-backed securities.  A derivative is a financial instrument that derives its cash flows, and therefore its value, by reference 
to an underlying instrument, index or referenced interest rate.  The Company uses derivatives primarily to minimize interest rate 
risk related to its pipeline of loan interest rate lock commitments issued on residential mortgage loans in the process of origination 
for sale or loans held for sale.  Mortgage loan forward sales commitments and options to deliver mortgage-backed securities that 
generally correspond with the composition of the locked pipeline are used to economically hedge a percentage of the Company’s 
locked  pipeline.    Crescent  Mortgage  ALCO  Committee  has  developed  a  comprehensive  hedging  policy  to  monitor  the  use  of 
derivatives to reduce interest rate risk.  The Company’s derivative positions are classified as trading assets and liabilities, and as 
such, the changes in the fair market value of the derivative positions are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations.  

NOTE 4 - LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET 

Loans receivable, net at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are summarized by category as follows: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

Loans secured by real estate:

One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

Total gross loans receivable

Less:

Undisbursed loans in process
Allowance for loan losses
Deferred fees, net
Total loans receivable, net

% of Total
Loans
Amount
(Dollars in thousands)

% of Total
Loans

23.10%
6.52%
46.46%
14.09%
0.94%
8.89%

100.00%

124,604
35,173
250,560
75,985
5,085
47,933

539,340

13,898
12,039
68
513,335

Amount

$    

146,333
31,278
240,764
68,113
3,762
38,714

27.66%
5.91%
45.52%
12.88%
0.71%
7.32%

528,964

100.00%

17,690
9,520
63
501,691

$    

49 

 
 
 
 
    
 
   
   
    
   
        
 
        
         
 
    
 
         
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
        
        
      
      
        
        
          
          
        
        
      
      
        
        
          
        
               
               
      
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

The composition of gross loans outstanding, net of undisbursed amounts, by rate type is as follows: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

(Dollars in thousands)

Variable rate loans
Fixed rate loans
Total loans outstanding

$    

$    

265,657
245,617
511,274

51.96%
48.04%
100.00%

312,188
213,254
525,442

59.41%
40.59%
100.00%

The following table presents activity in the allowance for credit losses.  Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of 
loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. 

Allowance for loan losses:

At December 31, 2012

Loans S ecured by Real Estate

Commercial Construction

One-to-
four
family

Home
equity

real
estate

and 

Development Consumer
(In thousands)

Commercial
business

1,216
54
(319)
-
951

3,167
761
(1,432)
231
2,727

3,021
125
(1,506)
740
2,380

108
(109)
(84)
172
87

1,304
389
(1,169)
446
970

Total

12,039
2,707
(7,190)
1,964
9,520

Balance at January 1, 2012

Provision for loan losses
Charge-offs
Recoveries

Balance at December 31, 2012

$     

3,223
1,487
(2,680)
375
2,405

$     

One-to-
four
family

At December 31, 2011

Loans S ecured by Real Estate

Commercial Construction

Home
equity

real
estate

and 

Development Consumer

(In thousands)

Commercial
business

Total

Balance at January 1, 2011

$     

4,627

1,376

Provision for loan losses
Charge-offs
Recoveries

1,669
(3,837)
764

51
(211)
-

Balance at December 31, 2011

$     

3,223

1,216

2,705

3,828
(3,548)
182

3,167

4,040

4,821
(6,043)
203

3,021

163

125
(221)
41

108

1,352

14,263

241
(929)
640

10,735
(14,789)
1,830

1,304

12,039

Balance at January 1, 2010

Provision for loan losses

Charge-offs
Recoveries

Balance at December 31, 2010

Total

$ 

13,032
30,755

(29,786)
262
14,263

$ 

50 

 
 
      
      
      
      
  
 
 
   
           
             
           
           
   
       
        
              
                
          
              
     
      
     
          
           
            
          
    
          
       
              
                
           
              
     
      
           
             
             
              
     
  
 
   
           
             
           
           
   
       
        
           
             
           
              
   
      
     
          
           
          
             
  
          
       
              
                
             
              
     
   
           
             
           
           
   
  
 
   
  
        
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

One-to-
four
family

Loans S ecured by Real Estate

Commercial Construction

Home
equity

real
estate

and 

Development Consumer
(In thousands)

Commercial
business

Total

At December 31, 2012:
Allowance for loan losses ending balances:
Individually evaluated for impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment

$        

312
2,093
2,405

$     

Loans receivable:
Ending balances:

Individually evaluated for impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Total loans receivable

$     

7,392
138,937
146,329

$ 

At December 31, 2011:
Allowance for loan losses ending balances:
Individually evaluated for impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment

$        

485
2,738
3,223

$     

-
951
951

359
2,368
2,727

429
1,951
2,380

25
62
87

273
697
970

1,398
8,122
9,520

-
30,710
30,710

18,177
218,053
236,230

3,265
60,210
63,475

74
3,428
3,502

3,535
27,493
31,028

32,443
478,831
511,274

22
1,194
1,216

85
3,082
3,167

212
2,809
3,021

36
72
108

405
899
1,304

1,245
10,794
12,039

Loans receivable:
Ending balances:

Individually evaluated for impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment

Total loans receivable

$   

10,571
114,019

$ 

124,590

326
33,787

34,113

27,203
218,746

245,949

13,747
60,846

74,593

96
4,746

4,842

5,640
35,715

41,355

57,583
467,859

525,442

The  following  table  presents  impaired  loans  individually  evaluated  for  impairment  in  the  segmented  portfolio  categories  as  of 
December 31, 2012.  The recorded investment is defined as the original amount of the loan, net of any deferred costs and fees, less 
any principal reductions and direct charge-offs.  Unpaid principal balance includes amounts previously included in charge-offs. 

51 

 
 
 
       
              
                
             
              
     
       
      
           
             
             
              
     
      
           
             
             
              
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
       
         
             
             
           
   
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
 
       
           
        
         
 
  
        
                
                
             
              
     
       
   
           
             
             
              
   
   
           
             
           
           
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
         
           
             
           
   
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
 
       
           
        
         
 
  
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

At and for the Year Ended December 31, 2012

Recorded
Investment

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

Average
Recorded
Investment

Interest
Income
Recognized

Related
Allowance
(In thousands)

180
2
945
222
8
143

1,500

19

-

1

9

1
1

31

199
2
946
231

9
144
1,531

With no related allowance recorded:

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

$             

4,310
-
13,891
658
43
2,419

With an allowance recorded:

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family

Home equity
Commercial real estate

Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

Total:

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

7,115
319
14,746
921
427
3,473

27,001

3,282

-
4,286

4,504

31
1,116

-
-
-
-
-
-

-

312

-
359

429

25
273

5,575
257
16,142
5,393
49
2,687

30,103

2,863

-
4,420

3,037

28
1,247

21,321

3,082

-
4,286

2,607

31
1,116

11,122

13,219

1,398

11,595

7,392
-
18,177
3,265

74
3,535
32,443

$           

10,397
319
19,032
5,425

458
4,589
40,220

312
-
359
429

25
273
1,398

8,438
257
20,562
8,430

77
3,934
41,698

52 

 
               
                  
               
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                      
             
             
                  
             
                  
                  
                  
                  
               
                  
                    
                  
                  
                    
                      
               
               
                  
               
                  
             
             
                  
             
               
               
               
                  
               
                    
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
               
               
                  
               
                      
               
               
                  
               
                      
                    
                    
                    
                    
                      
               
               
                  
               
                      
             
             
               
             
                    
               
             
                  
               
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                      
             
             
                  
             
                  
               
               
                  
               
                  
                    
                  
                    
                    
                      
               
               
                  
               
                  
             
               
             
               
 
  
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

At and for the Year Ended December 31, 2011

Recorded
Investment

Unpaid

Principal
Balance

Average

Recorded
Investment

Interest

Income
Recognized

Related
Allowance
(In thousands)

With no related allowance recorded:

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans

Commercial business loans

With an allowance recorded:

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family

Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

Total:

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

$             

9,598
-
26,987
13,234
59

5,048
54,926

973

326
216
513
37
592
2,657

10,571
326
27,203
13,747

96
5,640
57,583

$           

13,226
-
29,774
19,359
531

7,010
69,900

990

350
216
558
39
603
2,756

14,216
350
29,990
19,917

570
7,613
72,656

-
-
-
-
-

-
-

485

22
85
212
36
405
1,245

485
22
85
212

36
405
1,245

11,639
308
23,285
17,473
167

5,801
58,673

244

87
55
128
10
151
675

11,883
395
23,340
17,601

177
5,952
59,348

262
13
557
380
38

256
1,506

32

-

1
(8)
1
3
29

294
13
558
372

39
259
1,535

The Bank is not committed to advance additional funds in connection with impaired loans. 

A  loan  is  considered  past  due  if  the  required  principal  and  interest  payment  has  not  been  received  as  of  the  due  date.    The 
following schedule is an aging of past due loans receivable by portfolio segment as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. 

53 

 
             
                  
             
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                    
             
             
                  
             
                  
             
             
                  
             
                  
                    
                  
                  
                  
                    
               
               
                  
               
                  
             
             
                  
             
               
                  
                  
                  
                  
                    
                  
                  
                    
                    
                  
                  
                  
                    
                    
                      
                  
                  
                  
                  
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                      
                  
                  
                  
                  
                      
               
               
               
                  
                    
             
             
                  
             
                  
                  
                  
                    
                  
                    
             
             
                    
             
                  
             
             
                  
             
                  
                    
                  
                    
                  
                    
               
               
                  
               
                  
             
               
             
               
 
  
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

At December 31, 2012

Real estate loans

Commercial Construction

Home
equity

-
546
-
546
30,164
30,710

real
estate

1,142
2,227
5,534
8,903
227,327
236,230

and 

Development Consumer
(In thousands)

Commercial
business

173
317
3,092
3,582
59,893
63,475

106
-

26
132
3,370
3,502

378
21
1,136
1,535
29,493
31,028

Total

2,099
3,722
14,035
19,856
491,418
511,274

One-to-
four
family

$        

300
611
4,247
5,158
141,171
146,329

$ 

$         
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

At December 31, 2011

Real estate loans

Commercial Construction

Home
equity

473
-
-
473
33,640
34,113

real
estate

8,785
903
14,117
23,805
222,144
245,949

and 

Development Consumer
(In thousands)

Commercial
business

27
620
7,072
7,719
66,874
74,593

54

-

81
135
4,707
4,842

220
-
1,810
2,030
39,325
41,355

Total

14,411
3,532
30,699
48,642
476,800
525,442

One-to-
four
family

$     

4,852
2,009
7,619
14,480
110,110
124,590

$ 

$         
-

-

4,184

-

47

-

4,231

30-59 days past due
60-89 days past due
90 days or more past due

Total past due

Current

Total loans receivable

Recorded investment greater than
90 days and still accruing

30-59 days past due
60-89 days past due
90 days or more past due

Total past due

Current

Total loans receivable

Recorded investment greater than
90 days and still accruing

Loans are generally placed in nonaccrual status when the collection of principal and interest is 90 days or more past due, unless the 
obligation is both well-secured and in the process of collection.  When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest 
is reversed.  Interest payments received while the loan is on nonaccrual is applied to the principal balance.  No interest income was 
recognized  on  impaired  loans  subsequent  to  the  nonaccrual  status  designation.    A  loan  is  returned  to  accrual  status  when  the 
borrower makes consistent payments according to contractual terms and future payments are reasonably assured. 

The following is a schedule of loans receivable, by portfolio segment, on nonaccrual at December 31, 2012 and 2011. 

At December 31, 

2012

2011

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate

Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

$             

$             

(In thousands)
4,817
-
5,956

8,861
326
10,143

3,251
52
1,172
15,248

$           

8,011
72
2,518
29,931

$           

54 

 
       
           
                
           
              
     
          
      
           
                
            
                
     
       
       
           
             
             
           
   
       
      
           
             
           
           
   
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
 
       
           
        
         
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
       
               
                
            
               
         
 
      
           
                  
             
              
   
       
       
              
                
            
               
     
       
       
         
             
             
           
   
     
      
         
             
           
           
   
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
 
       
           
        
         
 
       
           
                
             
               
     
 
 
                  
                  
               
             
               
               
                    
                    
               
               
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

There were no loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing at December 31, 2012.  There were $4.2 million of loans past due 
90 days or more and still accruing at December 31, 2011. 

The Company  uses several  metrics as credit quality indicators of current or potential risks as part of the ongoing  monitoring of 
credit quality of its loan portfolio.  The credit quality indicators are periodically reviewed and updated on a case-by-case basis.  
The Company uses the following definitions for the internal risk rating grades, listed from the least risk to the highest risk. 

Outstanding:    The  borrower  is  typically  a  long  established,  well-seasoned  company  with  a  significant  market  position.    It 
possesses  unquestioned  asset  quality,  liquidity,  and  excellent  sales  and  earnings  trends.    Leverage,  if  present,  is  well  below 
industry norms.  Borrowers appear to have capacity to meet all of its obligations under almost any circumstances.  The borrowing 
entity’s management has extensive experience and depth. 

Excellent:    The  borrower  demonstrates  a  strong  and  liquid  financial  condition  based  upon  current  financial  information  and 
qualifies to borrow on an unsecured basis under most circumstances.  If borrowing is secured, collateral is readily marketable and 
amply margined.  Repayment sources are well defined and more than adequate.  Credit checks and prior lending experiences with 
the company, if any, are fully satisfactory.  The borrower’s cash flow comfortably exceeds total current obligations. 

Good:    The  borrower  provides  current  financial  information  reflecting  a  satisfactory  financial  condition  and  reasonable  debt 
service capacity.  If borrowing is secured, collateral is marketable, adequately margined at the present time, and expected to afford 
coverage to maturity.  Repayment sources are considered adequate, and repayment terms are appropriate.  Credit checks and prior 
experience,  if  any,  are  satisfactory.    The  borrower  is  usually  established  and  is  attractive  to  other  financial  institutions.    The 
borrower’s balance sheet is stable and sales and earnings are steady and predictable. 

Acceptable:  While clearly an acceptable credit risk to the Company, the borrower will generally demonstrate a higher leveraged, 
less  liquid  balance  sheet  and  capacity  to  service  debt,  while  steady,  may  be  less  well-defined.    Repayment  terms  may  not  be 
appropriate  for  individual  transactions.    Borrower  is  generally  acceptable  to  other  financial  institutions;  however,  secured 
borrowing  is  the  norm.    Collateral  marketability  and  margin  are  acceptable  at  the  present  time  but  may  not  continue  to  be  so.  
Credit  checks  or  prior  experience,  if  any,  reveals  some,  but  not  serious,  slowness  of  paying.    If  a  business,  its  management 
experience  may be  limited or have less depth  than a satisfactory borrower.   Sensitivity  to economic or credit cycles  exists, and 
staying power could be a problem. 

Management  Watch:    Loans  to  borrowers  with  generally  acceptable  credit  strength,  but  with  manageable  weaknesses  or 
uncertainty  evident  in  one  or  more  factors.    Earnings  may  be  erratic,  with  marginal  cash  flows  or  declining  sales.    Borrowers 
reflect  leveraged  financial  condition  and  marginal  liquidity.    The  borrower’s  management  may  be  new  and  a  track  record  of 
performance has yet to be developed.  Financial information may be incomplete and reliance on secondary repayment sources may 
be increasing.  

Special  Mention:    While  loans  to  a  borrower  in  this  rating  category  are  currently  protected  (no  loss  of  principal  or  interest  is 
envisioned), they  may pose  undue or unwarranted credit risks if  weaknesses are not checked or corrected.  Weaknesses  may be 
limited  to  one  or  several  trends  or  developments.    Weaknesses  may  include  one  or  more  of  the  following:    a  potentially  over-
extended  financial  condition,  a  questionable  repayment  program,  an  uncertain  level  of  continuing  employment  or  income, 
inadequate or deteriorating collateral, inadequate or untimely financial information, management competence or succession issues, 
or a high degree of vulnerability to outside forces.  

Substandard:    Assets  in  this  category  are  inadequately  protected  by  the  current  creditworthiness  and  paying  capacity  of  the 
obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.   Assets so classified  have a  well-defined  weakness or  weakness that jeopardizes the 
liquidation of the debt.  They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies 
are  not  corrected.    Nonaccrual  loans,  reduced-earnings  loans,  and  loans  to  borrowers  engaged  in  bankruptcy  proceedings  are 
automatically rated Substandard or lower. 

Doubtful:  A loan rated Doubtful has all of the weaknesses inherent in one rated Substandard with the added characteristic that the 
weakness  may  make  collection  or  liquidation  in  full,  based  on  currently  existing  facts,  highly  improbable.    A  Doubtful  rating 
generally is used when the amount of loss can be projected and that projection exceeds one-third of the balance of outstanding debt 
but does not exceed two-thirds of that balance.  A Doubtful rating is generally applied when the likelihood of significant loss is 
high.   

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Loss:  A Loss rating should be applied when the borrower’s outstanding debt is considered uncollectible or of such little value that 
its continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted.  This rating does not suggest that there is absolutely no recovery or salvage 
value, but that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the debt even though a partial recovery may be affected in the 
future.   

The Company uses the following definitions: 

Nonperforming:  Loans on nonaccrual status plus loans greater than ninety days past due still accruing interest. 

Performing:  All current loans plus loans less than ninety days past due.  The following is a schedule of the credit quality of loans 
receivable, by portfolio segment, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. 

One-to-
four
family

At December 31, 2012

Real estate loans

Commercial Construction

Home
equity

real
estate

and 

Development Consumer
(In thousands)

Commercial
business

Total

Internal Risk Rating Grades:

Acceptable or better
M anagement Watch
Special M ention
Substandard

Total loans receivable

Performing
Nonperforming:

$ 

$ 

123,047
15,073
3,476
4,733
146,329

29,871
375
-
464
30,710

153,649
50,629
23,745
8,207
236,230

$ 

141,512

30,710

230,274

90 days or more and still accruing
Nonaccrual

Total nonperforming

Total loans receivable

-
4,817
4,817
146,329

$ 

-
-
-
30,710

-
5,956
5,956
236,230

37,694
17,285
5,391
3,105
63,475

60,224

-
3,251
3,251
63,475

3,467
-
-
35
3,502

3,450

-

52
52
3,502

21,974
5,535
2,000
1,519
31,028

369,702
88,897
34,612
18,063
511,274

29,856

496,026

-
1,172
1,172
31,028

-
15,248
15,248
511,274

One-to-
four
family

At December 31, 2011

Real estate loans

Commercial Construction

Home
equity

real
estate

and 

Development Consumer
(In thousands)

Commercial
business

Total

Internal Risk Rating Grades:

Acceptable or better
M anagement Watch
Special M ention
Substandard

Total loans receivable

Performing
Nonperforming:

$   

90,792
6,414
14,330
13,054
124,590

$ 

29,448
1,461
2,070
1,134
34,113

130,828
33,881
55,439
25,801
245,949

$ 

115,729

33,787

231,622

90 days or more and still accruing
Nonaccrual

Total nonperforming

Total loans receivable

-
8,861
8,861
124,590

$ 

-
326
326
34,113

4,184
10,143
14,327
245,949

56 

34,256
17,287
9,856
13,194
74,593

66,582

-
8,011
8,011
74,593

4,212
162
372
96
4,842

4,723

47
72
119
4,842

28,747
4,940
3,159
4,509
41,355

318,283
64,145
85,226
57,788
525,442

38,837

491,280

-
2,518
2,518
41,355

4,231
29,931
34,162
525,442

 
 
 
 
 
 
       
           
        
         
 
     
      
         
           
            
           
   
       
       
         
             
            
           
   
       
      
           
             
             
           
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
       
           
        
         
 
           
       
               
                
            
               
         
       
       
           
             
             
           
   
       
       
           
             
             
           
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
       
           
        
         
 
       
   
         
           
           
           
   
     
   
         
             
           
           
   
     
   
         
           
             
           
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
 
       
           
        
         
 
           
       
           
                
             
               
     
       
      
         
             
             
           
   
       
      
         
             
           
           
   
 
       
           
        
         
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Troubled Debt Restructurings 

The following is a schedule of troubled debt restructurings, by portfolio segment, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. 

At December 31, 2012
Pre-Modification Post-Modification

Number of
Contracts

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment

(In thousands)

Troubled Debt Restructurings:
Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

6

4
9

-

-

3
22

$               

4,928
-
6,313
5,732
-
959
17,932

$             

4,263
-
5,751
2,938
-
588
13,540

At December 31, 2011

Pre-Modification Post-Modification

Outstanding

Outstanding

Number of
Contracts

Recorded
Investment

Recorded
Investment

(In thousands)

-

-

12

17
14

9
52

$               

6,621
-
20,942
11,063

-
4,698
43,324

$             

6,092
-
20,867
10,336

-
4,319
41,614

Troubled Debt Restructurings:

That S ubsequently Defaulted
During the Period:

Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family
Home equity
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

Consumer loans
Commercial business loans

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Bank modified five loans that were considered troubled debt restructurings.  We 
extended the terms for all five of these loans at market rates.  No loans restructured in the twelve months prior to December 31, 
2012 went into default during the year. 

Loans  serviced  for  the  benefit  of  others  under  loan  participation  arrangements  amounted  to  $15.9  million  and  $20.1  million  at 
December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 

Activity in loans to officers, directors and other related parties for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is summarized as 
follows: 

57 

 
 
 
                
                    
            
                     
                       
                
                 
                    
                
                 
                    
            
                     
                       
                
                    
                       
              
                  
 
              
                    
            
                     
                       
              
               
                  
              
               
                  
            
                     
                       
                
                 
                    
              
                  
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

At December 31,

2012

2011

(In thousands)

Balance at beginning of year

New loans
Repayments
Balance at end of year

$       

$       

19,702
4,619
(11,356)
12,965

22,921
12,750
(15,969)
19,702

In management’s opinion, related party loans are made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as 
those  prevailing  at  the  time  for  comparable  transactions  with  an  unrelated  person  and  generally  do  not  involve  more  than  the 
normal risk of collectability. 

The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing 
needs of its customers.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit.  These instruments involve, to varying 
degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. 

The  Company’s  exposure  to  credit  loss  in  the  event  of  nonperformance  by  the  other  party  to  the  financial  instrument  for 
commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments.  The Company uses the same credit 
policies  in  making  commitments  as  for  on-balance  sheet  instruments.    At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  the  Company  had 
commitments to extend credit in the amount of $31.9 million and $30.8 million, respectively.  At December 31, 2012 and 2011, 
the Company had standby letters of credit in the amount of $396,000 and $481,000, respectively.   

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in 
the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require a payment of a fee.  
Since  commitments  may  expire  without  being  drawn  upon,  the  total  commitments  do  not  necessarily  represent  future  cash 
requirements.    The  Company  evaluates  each  customer's  creditworthiness  on  a  case-by-case  basis.    The  amount  of  collateral 
obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the party.  
Collateral  held  varies,  but  may  include  inventory,  property  and  equipment,  residential  real  estate  and  income  producing 
commercial properties. 

Standby letters of credit obligate the Company to meet certain financial obligations of its customers, if, under the contractual terms 
of the agreement, the customers are unable to do so.  Payment is only guaranteed under these letters of credit upon the borrower’s 
failure to perform its obligations to the beneficiary.  The Company can seek recovery of the amounts paid from the borrower and 
the letters of credit are generally not collateralized.  Commitments under standby letters of credit are usually one year or less.  At 
December  31,  2012,  the  Company  has  recorded  no  liability  for  the  current  carrying  amount  of  the  obligation  to  perform  as  a 
guarantor;  as  such  amounts  are  not  considered  material.    The  maximum  potential  of  undiscounted  future  payments  related  to 
standby letters of credit at December 31, 2012 was approximately $396,000. 

NOTE 5 - PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT, NET 

Premises and equipment, net at December 31, 2012 and 2011 consists of the following: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

Land
Buildings
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
Construction in process

Total premises and equipment

Less: accumulated depreciation

Premises and equipment, net

58 

$        

(In thousands)
5,029
11,277
7,345
44
23,695
(7,298)
16,397

5,029
11,277
7,756
-
24,062
(7,984)
16,078

$      

 
           
           
           
        
         
           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
        
        
          
          
               
              
        
        
         
         
        
  
  
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Depreciation  expense  included  in  operating  expenses  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2012,  2011  and  2010  amounted  to 
$833,000, $856,000, and $1.3 million, respectively.  There was no interest capitalized during fiscal 2012 and 2011.  

NOTE 6 – REAL ESTATE ACQUIRED THROUGH FORECLOSURE 

Transactions in other real estate owned for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 are summarized below: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

Balance at beginning of year

Additions
Sales
Write downs
Balance at end of year

(In thousands)
6,097
9,407
(8,171)
(1,049)
6,284

10,816
10,009
(12,762)
(1,966)
6,097

$        

$        

A summary of the composition of real estate acquired through foreclosure follows: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

(In thousands)

Real estate loans:

One-to-four family
Commercial real estate
Construction and development

NOTE 7 – MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS 

$        

$        

1,010
1,902
3,372
6,284

1,192
819
4,086
6,097

Mortgage loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying statement of financial condition.  The value of mortgage 
servicing rights is included in other assets on the Company’s statement of financial condition.  The unpaid principal balances of 
loans serviced for others were $2.2 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2012 and 2011. 

The economic estimated fair values of mortgage servicing rights were $18.1 million and $10.9 million, respectively, at December 
31,  2012  and  2011.    The  estimated  fair  value  of  servicing  rights  at  December  31,  2012  were  determined  using  discount  rates 
ranging  from  11.00%  to  15.50%,  prepayment  speed  assumptions  (“PSA”)  ranging  from  114.6  to  1,451.2,  depending  upon  the 
stratification of the specific servicing right, and a weighted average delinquency rate of 1.24% as determined by a third party.  The 
estimated  fair  value  of  servicing  rights  at  December  31,  2011  were  determined  using  discount  rates  ranging  from  9.50%  to 
14.00%, prepayment speed assumptions (“PSA”) ranging from 123.7 to 1,298.6, depending upon the stratification of the specific 
servicing right, and a weighted average delinquency rate of .86% as determined by a third party.   

During 2011 and 2010, servicing rights related to approximately $124.6 million and $191.8 million, respectively, of unpaid loan 
principal serviced for others were sold.  The Company received $1.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively, in net proceeds and 
recognized a gain in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations of $299,000 and $526,000, respectively.  No servicing 
rights were sold during 2012. 

The  following  summarizes  the  activity  in  mortgage  servicing  rights,  along  with  the  aggregate  activity  in  the  related  valuation 
allowances, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011: 

59 

 
 
 
 
        
          
        
         
       
         
         
          
  
  
 
 
          
          
             
          
          
          
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

At December 31,

2012

2011

M SR beginning balance
Amount capitalized
Amount sold
Amount amortized

M SR ending balance

(In thousands)
6,452
7,051
-
(1,464)
12,039

5,249
2,983
(744)
(1,036)
6,452

$        

$      

There was no allowance for loss in fair value in mortgage servicing rights for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. 

The estimated amortization expense for mortgage servicing rights for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 
and thereafter is $1.7 million, $1.5 million, $1.3 million, $1.1 million, $1.0 million and $5.4 million, respectively.  The estimated 
amortization  expense  is  based  on  current  information  regarding  loan  payments  and  prepayments.    Amortization  expense  could 
change in future periods based on changes in the volume of prepayments and economic factors. 

At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  servicing  related  trust  funds  of  approximately  $27.1  million,  and  $10.7  million,  respectively, 
representing both principal and interest due investors and escrows received from borrowers, are on deposit in custodial accounts 
and are included in noninterest-bearing deposits in the accompanying financial statements.   

At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had blanket bond and errors and omissions coverages of $5.0 million each. 

NOTE 8 - DEPOSITS 

Deposits outstanding by type of account at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are summarized as follows: 

Noninterest-bearing demand accounts
Interest-bearing demand accounts
Savings accounts
M oney market accounts
Certificates of deposit

0.20% to 2.99%
3.00% to 4.99%
5.00% to 7.99%

Total certificates of deposit

Total deposits

At December 31,

2012

2011

(In thousands)

$      

82,004
51,490
10,882
207,299

298,576
2,996
-
301,572
653,247

$    

62,906
39,225
8,006
194,262

313,520
3,624
260
317,404
621,803

The  aggregate  amount  of  certificates  of  deposit,  excluding  brokered  deposits,  with  a  minimum  denomination  of  $100,000  was 
$86.0 million and $32.1 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The aggregate amount of brokered certificates of 
deposit was $29.9 million and $27.7 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  The aggregate amount of institutional 
certificates of deposit was $40.0 million and $40.4 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 

The amounts and scheduled maturities of certificates of deposit at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

(In thousands)

M aturing within one year
M aturing one through three years
M aturing after three years

$    

$    

220,024
44,280
37,268
301,572

60 

265,535
44,602
7,267
317,404

 
          
          
          
              
            
         
         
          
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
        
        
          
      
      
      
      
          
          
              
             
      
      
      
 
 
 
      
        
        
        
          
      
  
  
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

The Company has pledged $2.0 million of mortgage-backed securities as of December 31, 2012 to secure public agency funds. 

NOTE 9 – SHORT-TERM BORROWED FUNDS 

Short-term borrowed funds at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are summarized as follows: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

Balance

Interest
Rate
Balance
(Dollars in thousands)

Unsecured line of credit
Short-term FHLB advances
M ortgage loan warehouse line of credit
TLGP
Subordinated debenture, due 2020

Total short-term borrowed funds

$        

2,750
77,500
1,932
-
300
82,482

$      

4.75%
0.16%-.82%
2.5%-4.5%

-
2.81%

200
40,000
2,584
20,400
300
63,484

Interest
Rate

4.75%
0.14%-.35%
3.5%-6.25%
2.74%
2.82%

Lines of credit with the FHLB of Atlanta are based upon FHLB-approved percentages of Bank assets, but must be supported by 
appropriate collateral to be available.  The Company has pledged first lien residential mortgage, second lien residential mortgage, 
residential  home equity line of credit, commercial  mortgage and  multifamily  mortgage portfolios under blanket  lien agreements 
resulting in approximately $151.8 million of collateral for these advances.  In addition, at December 31, 2012, the Company has 
pledged  $6.8  million  of  securities  for  these  advances.    Assuming  sufficient  collateral  was  available  at  December  31,  2012,  the 
Company had maximum FHLB lines of $266.1 million based on FHLB limits.  At December 31, 2012, collateral totaling $158.6 
million  was  pledged  to  support  FHLB  advances.    At  December  31,  2012  the  Company  had  FHLB  advances  of  $115.0  million 
outstanding  with  excess  collateral  pledged  to  the  FHLB  during  those  periods  that  would  support  additional  borrowings  of 
approximately $43.6 million. 

Lines of credit with the Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”) are based on collateral pledged.  The Company has pledged certain non-
mortgage  commercial,  acquisition  and  development,  and  lot  loan  portfolios  under  blanket  lien  agreements  resulting  in 
approximately $34.3 million of collateral to the FRB for these advances.  At December 31, 2012 the Company had lines available 
with the FRB for $34.3 million.  At December 31, 2012 the Company had no FRB advances outstanding. 

At  December  31,  2012,  Crescent  Mortgage  had  a  mortgage  loan  warehouse  line  of  credit  from  a  correspondent  with  a  $35.0 
million credit limit, of which $33.1 million is still available.  The facility is secured by Crescent Mortgage’s residential mortgage 
loans held for sale and other assets.   

Effective October 1, 2011, the Company modified a $3.0 million unsecured line of credit with a correspondent bank, of which $2.8 
million  and  $3.0  million  was  outstanding  at  December  31,  2012  and  December  31,  2011,  respectively.    The  unsecured  line  of 
credit bears interest at prime plus 1.50% and the term expires October 1, 2013.  In connection with this modification, the Company 
will  make  quarterly  principal  payments  of  $50,000  that  began  on  October  1,  2011  and  will  continue  on  the  same  day  of  each 
quarter through and including July 1, 2013.  The line of credit also has debt covenants, the more restrictive of which requires the 
Company  to  maintain  certain  capital  ratios  and  nonperforming  asset  ratios.    As  of  December  31,  2012  the  Company  is  in 
compliance with all of the covenants. 

The Company has a subordinated debenture totaling $3.0 million that has principal repayments that began in 2010.   See Note 10 – 
Long-Term Debt for additional disclosure. 

Certain  borrowings  were  prepaid  to  manage  the  cost  of  funds  and  related  interest  rate  sensitivity,  resulting  in  a  net  loss  on  the 
extinguishment of debt of $1.6 million, $1.1 million and $2.5 million during 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. 

61 

 
 
 
 
             
        
        
          
          
              
                 
        
             
             
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

NOTE 10 – LONG-TERM DEBT 

Long-term debt at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are summarized as follows: 

Unsecured line of credit
Long-term FHLB advances, due 2013 through 2021
Subordinated debentures, due 2016 through 2020
Subordinated debentures issued to Carolina Financial Capital Trust I, due 2032
Subordinated debentures issued to Carolina Financial Capital Trust II, due 2034

Total long-term debt

Unsecured line of credit
Long-term FHLB advances, due 2013 through 2021
Subordinated debentures, due 2016 through 2020
Subordinated debentures issued to Carolina Financial Capital Trust I, due 2032
Subordinated debentures issued to Carolina Financial Capital Trust II, due 2034

Total long-term debt

December 31, 2012

Balance

Interest
Rate
(Dollars in thousands)

$            
-
37,500
11,875
5,155
10,310
64,840

$      

0.00%
0.52%-4.00%
1.84%-2.81%
3.75%
3.39%

December 31, 2011

Balance

$        

Interest
Rate
(Dollars in thousands)
2,750
50,000
12,175
5,155
10,310
80,390

4.75%
0.82%-4.23%
1.90%-2.82%
3.75%
3.45%

$      

As of December 31, 2012, the principal amounts due on long-term debt in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and thereafter were $82.5 
million, $5.3 million, $2.8 million, $10.3 million, $300,000 and $46.1 million, respectively.  As of December 31, 2012, there were 
no principal amounts callable by the FHLB on advances. 

At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  statutory  business  trusts  (“Trusts”)  created  by  the  Company  had  outstanding  trust  preferred 
securities  with  an  aggregate  par  value  of  $15.0  million.    The  trust  preferred  securities  have  floating  interest  rates  ranging  from 
3.39% to 3.75% at December 31, 2012 and maturities ranging from December 31, 2032 to January 7, 2034.  The principal assets of 
the Trusts are $15.5 million of the Company’s subordinated debentures with identical rates of interest and maturities as the trust 
preferred securities.  The Trusts have issued $465,000 of common securities to the Company.   

The trust preferred securities, the assets of the Trusts and the common securities issued by the Trusts are redeemable in whole or in 
part beginning on or after December 31, 2008, or at any time in whole but not in part from the date of issuance on the occurrence 
of certain events.  The obligations of the Company with respect to the issuance of the trust preferred securities constitutes a full 
and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the Trusts’ obligations with respect to the trust preferred securities.  Subject to 
certain exceptions and limitations, the Company may elect from time to time to defer subordinated debenture interest payments, 
which would result in a deferral of distribution payments on the related trust preferred securities. 

Beginning  with  the  scheduled  payment  date  of  December  31,  2010,  the  Company  has  deferred  the  payment  of  interest  on  its 
outstanding trust preferred securities for an indefinite period which can be no longer than twenty consecutive quarterly periods.  At 
December 31, 2012, the Company has deferred these payments for nine quarters and still has eleven quarter of deferral available.  
These as well as any future deferred distributions will continue to accrue interest.  Distributions on the trust preferred securities are 
cumulative.    Therefore,  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  the  Company  will  continue  to  accrue  the 
monthly cost of the trust preferred securities as it has since issuance.  The balance of deferred payments at December 31, 2012 is 
approximately $1.2 million.  Subsequent to December 31, 2012, the Company deferred an additional $118,000 on its outstanding 
subordinated debentures. 

As currently defined by the FRB, the Company had $15.0 million of long-term debt that qualified as Tier 1 capital at December 
31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  The Company had $7.3 million and $9.6 million of long-term debt that qualified as Tier 2 capital 
at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 

62 

 
 
 
        
        
          
        
        
        
          
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

The Company has $2.8 million outstanding on an unsecured line of credit with a correspondent bank.  See Note 9 – Short-Term 
Borrowed  Funds  for  additional  disclosure.    At  December  31,  2012,  all  of  the  $2.8  million  of  this  unsecured  line  of  credit  is 
included in Short-Term Borrowed Funds. 

NOTE 11 - INCOME TAXES 

Deferred tax assets are recognized for future deductible amounts resulting from differences in the financial statement and tax bases 
of assets and liabilities and operating loss carry forwards.  A valuation allowance is then established to reduce that deferred tax 
asset to the level that it is "more likely than not" that the tax benefit will be realized.  The realization of a deferred tax benefit by 
the Company depends upon having sufficient taxable income of an appropriate character in the future periods.   

Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 consists of the following: 

Current income tax expense (benefit)

Federal
State

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)

Federal
State

Total income tax expense (benefit)

For the Year Ended December 31,
2011
2012
2010
(In thousands)
(1,509)
148
(1,361)

9,900
1,152
11,052

(4,837)
435
(4,402)

$        

(599)
(58)
(657)
10,395

$      

1,124
109
1,233
(128)

(1,433)
(37)
(1,470)
(5,872)

A reconciliation from expected Federal tax expense to actual income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 
and 2010, using the base federal tax rates of 35%, 34% and 34%, respectively, follows: 

Computed federal income taxes (benefit)
State income tax, net of federal benefit
Change in valuation allowance
Other, net

Total income tax expense (benefit)

For the Year Ended December 31,
2012
2011
2010
(In thousands)
(374)
170
-

9,546
757
-

$        

(6,276)
263
(16)
157
(5,872)

92
10,395

$      

76
(128)

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
         
         
          
             
             
        
         
         
            
          
         
              
             
              
            
          
         
            
         
  
  
  
 
 
            
         
             
             
             
              
              
              
               
               
             
            
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

The following  is a summary  of the tax effects of temporary differences that  give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax 
assets and liabilities at December 31, 2012 and 2011: 

At December 31,

2012

2011

Deferred tax assets:

Loan loss reserve
Loan fees
Unrealized loss on securities available for sale
Tax vs. book gain on loans held for sale
Debt issuance costs
Net operating loss carryforwards

Reserve for mortgage loan buy-back
OREO write-downs
Securities yield adjustments
Other

Valuation allowance

Total gross deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation
Stock-based compensation
Short-term disability accrual

Total gross deferred tax liabilities
Deferred tax assets, net

$        

(In thousands)
3,499
$        
(137)
187
803
95
214

3,879
61
3,001
14
93
286

1,827
413
-
422
7,323
(271)
7,052

(368)
98

-
(270)
6,782

$        

1,310
345
158
329
9,476
(196)
9,280

(387)
47

-
(340)
8,940

A  portion  of  the  annual  change  in  the  net  deferred  income  tax  asset  relates  to  unrealized  gains  and  losses  on  debt  and  equity 
securities.  The deferred income tax (benefit) related to the unrealized gains and losses on debt and equity securities of $2.8 million 
and ($63,000), respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, was recorded directly to stockholders’ 
equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.  The balance of the change in the net deferred tax asset of 
$656,000 of deferred tax benefit and $1.5 million of deferred tax, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, 
respectively, is reflected as a deferred income tax expense in the consolidated statement of operations.  The valuation allowances 
relate to state net operating loss carry-forwards.  It is management’s belief that the realization of the remaining net deferred tax 
assets is more likely than not.  The Company’s federal income tax returns were examined for the years 2008 through 2010.  No 
changes were proposed. 

NOTE 12 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

The  Company  has  entered  into  agreements  to  lease  certain  office  facilities  under  non-cancellable  operating  lease  agreements 
expiring on various dates through June 2020.  The Company’s rental expense for its office facilities for the years ended December 
31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 totaled $595,000, $562,000 and $556,000, respectively.   

Minimum rental commitments (in thousands) under the leases are as follows: 

Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
After Year 5
Total

$           

547
417
120
80
30
73
1,267

$        

64 

 
            
               
             
          
             
               
               
               
             
             
          
          
             
             
              
             
             
             
          
          
            
            
          
          
            
            
               
               
              
              
            
            
          
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
             
               
               
               
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

In the course of ordinary business, the Bank is, from time to time, named a party to legal actions and proceedings, primarily related 
to  the  collection  of  loans  and  foreclosed  assets.  In  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  the  Company 
establishes reserves for litigation and regulatory matters when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and 
estimable. When loss contingencies are not both probable and estimable, the Company does not establish reserves.  

The  Bank  also  has  a  claim  against  it  relating  to  one  of  its  former  executive  officers.    Effective  July  31,  2011,  the  Company 
combined  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary  bank,  Community  FirstBank,  with  and  into  its  other  wholly-owned  subsidiary  bank, 
Crescent  Bank,  effectuating  an  internal  reorganization.    The  resultant  bank  was  renamed  CresCom  Bank.  The  former  executive 
officer had an employment agreement with Community FirstBank and claims the internal reorganization triggered the severance 
provisions  of  the  employment  agreement.    The  former  executive  officer  initially  claimed  he  is  due  an  aggregate  amount  of 
approximately $1.8 million but has since amended his complaint seeking approximately $10 million in damages.  The Company 
hired special counsel to review the claims made by the former executive officer.  Based upon the review by special counsel, the 
Company strongly disagrees with the former executive officer’s assertion that the internal reorganization triggered the severance 
provisions  of  the  employment  agreement  and  intends  to  vigorously  defend  its  position,  including  potentially  making  certain 
counterclaims against the former executive officer. Management believes there is not sufficient information available at this time 
to make an evaluation as to the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome of this claim or to estimate the amount of potential loss, if 
any. Accordingly, no amounts have been accrued in the accompanying balance sheet as of December 31, 2012.   

NOTE 13 – ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Current accounting literature requires disclosures about the fair value of all financial instruments whether or not recognized in the 
balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate the value.  In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values 
are  based on  estimates  using  present  value  or  other  techniques.    Those  techniques  are  significantly  affected  by  the  assumptions 
used,  including  the  discount  rate  and  estimates  of  future  cash  flows.    In  that  regard,  the  derived  fair  value  estimates  cannot  be 
substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized through immediate settlement of the 
instrument.  Certain items are specifically excluded from disclosure requirements, including the Company’s stock, premises and 
equipment, accrued interest receivable and payable and other assets and liabilities. 

The fair value of a financial instrument is an amount at which the asset or obligation could be exchanged in a current transaction 
between willing parties, other than in a forced sale.  Fair values are estimated at a specific point in time based on relevant market 
information  and  information  about  the  financial  instruments.    Because  no  market  value  exists  for  a  significant  portion  of  the 
financial  instruments,  fair  value  estimates  are  based  on  judgments  regarding  future  expected  loss  experience,  current  economic 
conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. 

The Company has used Management’s best estimate of fair value based on the above assumptions.  Thus the fair values presented 
may not be the amounts that could be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of the instrument.  In addition, any income taxes 
or other expenses that would be incurred in an actual sale or settlement are not taken into consideration in the fair values presented. 

Cash and due from banks - The carrying amounts of these financial instruments approximate fair value.  All mature within 90 days 
and present no anticipated credit concerns. 

Interest-bearing cash - The carrying amount of these financial instruments approximate fair value. 

Securities available for sale and securities held to maturity – Fair values for investment securities available for sale and securities 
held  to  maturity  are  based  upon  quoted  prices,  if  available.    If  quoted  prices  are  not  available,  fair  values  are  measured  using 
independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for 
the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. 

FHLB  stock  and  other  non-marketable  equity  securities  -  The  carrying  amount  of  these  financial  instruments  approximate  fair 
value. 

Derivative  assets  –  Fair  values  are  based  on  quoted  market  prices,  where  available.    As  such,  the  fair  value  adjustments  for 
derivatives  with  fair  values  based  on  quoted  market  prices  are  recurring  Level  1.    If  quoted  market  prices  are  not  available, 
estimated  fair  values  are  based  on  quoted  market  prices  of  comparable  instruments.    As  such,  the  fair  values  of  derivatives 
computed based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments are recurring Level 2. 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Loans held for sale and loans receivable, net - For variable-rate loans that re-price frequently and have no significant change in 
credit risk, estimated fair values are based on carrying values.  Estimated fair values for certain mortgage loans, credit card loans, 
and other consumer loans are based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold in conjunction with securitization transactions, 
adjusted  for  differences  in  loan  characteristics.    Estimated  fair  values  for  commercial  real  estate  and  commercial  loans  are 
estimated  using  discounted  cash  flow  analyses,  using  interest  rates  currently  being  offered  for  loans  with  similar  terms  to 
borrowers of similar credit quality.  Estimated fair values for impaired loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses or 
underlying collateral values, where applicable. 

Accrued interest receivable - The fair value approximates the carrying value. 

Mortgage  Servicing  Rights  -  The  Company  initially  measures  servicing  assets  and  liabilities  retained  related  to  the  sale  of 
residential loans held for sale (“mortgage servicing rights”) at fair value, if practicable.  For subsequent measurement purposes, the 
Company measures servicing assets and liabilities based on the lower of cost or market. 

Deposits - The estimated fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and money market accounts is the amount payable on 
demand at the reporting date.  The estimated fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposits is estimated by discounting the 
future cash flows using rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. 

Short-term  borrowed  funds  -  The  carrying  amounts  of  federal  funds  purchased,  borrowings  under  repurchase  agreements,  and 
other  short-term  borrowings  maturing  within  90  days  approximate  their  fair  values.    Estimated  fair  values  of  other  short-term 
borrowings are estimated  using discounted cash flow analyses based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates  for 
similar types of borrowing arrangements. 

Long-term debt - The estimated fair values of the Company’s long-term debt are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses 
based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. 

Derivative liabilities - Fair values are based on quoted market prices, where available.  If quoted market prices are not available, 
estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments. 

Commitments to extend credit – The carrying amounts of these commitments are  considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair 
value because the commitments underlying interest rates are based upon current market rates. 
Accrued interest payable - The fair value approximates the carrying value. 

Off-Balance  Sheet  Financial  Instruments  –  Contract  values  and  fair  values  for  off-balance  sheet,  credit-related  financial 
instruments are based on estimated fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms 
of the agreements and counterparties’ credit standing. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

The  carrying  amount  and  estimated  fair  value  of  the  Company's  financial  instruments  at  December  31,  2012  and  2011  are  as 
follows: 

Financial assets:

Cash and due from banks
Interest-bearing cash
Securities available for sale
Securities held to maturity
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Other investments
Derivative assets
Loans held for sale
Loans receivable, net
Accrued interest receivable
M ortgage servicing rights

Financial liabilities:
Deposits
Short-term borrowed funds
Long-term debt
Derivative liabilities
Accrued interest payable

At December 31,

2012

2011

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value

$        

6,499
11,340
149,670
9,166
6,413
465
6,542
144,849
501,691
3,203
12,039

(In thousands)
6,499
11,340
149,670
5,549
6,413
465
6,542
149,151
502,735
3,203
18,165

4,109
16,679
136,944
9,401
7,185
465
4,000
80,007
513,335
3,086
6,452

653,247
82,482
64,840
-
1,599

654,090
82,480
58,874
-
1,599

621,803
63,484
80,390
1,234
1,371

4,109
16,679
136,944
2,773
7,185
465
4,000
81,924
523,673
3,086
9,748

622,915
66,350
84,497
1,234
1,371

Notional
Amount

Estimated
Fair Value

Notional
Amount

Estimated
Fair Value

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments:

(In thousands)

Commitments to extend credit
Standby letters of credit
Derivative assets:

M ortgage loan interest rate lock commitments
M ortgage loan forward sales commitments
M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments

$      

31,916
396

289,584
59,177
308,000

-
-

4,783
1,692
67

30,755
481

218,465
47,992
-

-
-

2,832
1,168
-

Derivative liabilities:

M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments

-

-

167,000

1,234

In  determining  appropriate  levels,  the  Company  performs  a  detailed  analysis  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  subject  to  fair 
value disclosures.  At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant 
unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3. 

Assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value are classified in one of the following three categories based on a hierarchy for 
ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair value: 

Level 1  Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 
Level 2  Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data. 
Level 3  Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data. 

67 

 
 
          
          
          
        
        
        
        
      
      
      
      
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
             
             
             
             
          
          
          
          
      
      
        
        
      
      
      
      
          
          
          
          
        
        
          
          
      
      
      
      
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
              
              
          
          
          
          
          
          
              
        
              
             
              
             
              
      
          
      
          
        
          
        
          
      
               
              
              
              
              
      
          
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets recorded at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis. 

Investment Securities Available for Sale 
Measurement is on a recurring basis upon quoted market prices, if available.  If quoted market prices are not available, fair values 
are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash 
flows, adjusted for prepayment assumptions, projected credit losses, and liquidity.  Level 1 securities include those traded on an 
active  exchange  or  by  dealers  or  brokers  in  active  over-the-counter  markets.    Level  2  securities  include  securities  issued  by 
government  sponsored  enterprises,  municipal  enterprises,  and  mortgage-backed  securities  issued  by  government  sponsored 
enterprises.    Generally,  these  fair  values  are  priced  from  established  pricing  models.    At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  the 
Company’s investment securities available for sale are recurring Level 2. 

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale 
Mortgage loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market value.  The fair values of mortgage loans held for sale are 
based on commitments on hand from investors within the secondary market for loans with similar characteristics.  As such, the fair 
value adjustments for mortgage loans held for sale is recurring Level 2. 

Impaired Loans 
Loans that are considered impaired are recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis.  Once a loan is considered impaired, the fair 
value is measured using one of several methods, including collateral liquidation value, market value of similar debt and discounted 
cash flows.  Those impaired loans not requiring a specific charge against the allowance represent loans for which the fair value of 
the expected repayments or collateral meet or exceed the recorded investment in the loan.  At December 31, 2012, substantially all 
of the total impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.  When the Company records the fair 
value based on a current appraisal, the fair value measurement is considered a Level 2 measurement.  When a current appraisal is 
not available or there is estimated further impairment below the current appraised value, the measurement is considered a Level 3 
measurement. 

Derivative Assets 
Fair values are based on quoted market prices, where available.  As such, the fair value adjustments for derivatives with fair values 
based on quoted market prices are recurring Level 1.  If quoted market prices are not available, estimated fair values are based on 
quoted market prices of comparable instruments.  As such, the fair values of derivatives computed based on quoted market prices 
of comparable instruments are recurring Level 2. 

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO) 
Other real estate owned is adjusted to fair value upon transfer of the loans to foreclosed assets.  Subsequently, OREO owned is 
carried  at  the  lower  of  carrying  value  or  fair  value.    Fair  value  is  based  on  independent  market  prices,  appraised  values  of  the 
collateral or management's estimation of the value of the collateral.  When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable 
market  price  or  a  current  appraised  value,  the  Bank  records  the  other  real  estate  owned  as  non-recurring  Level  2.    When  an 
appraisal value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised 
value and there is no observable market price, the Company records that OREO as non-recurring Level 3. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: 

Quoted market price
in active markets
(Level 1)

S ignificant other
observable inputs
(Level 2)
(In thousands)

S ignificant other
unobservable inputs
(Level 3)

December 31, 2012
Available-for-sale investment securities:

M unicipals
GNM A
M ortgage-backed securities

Loans held for sale
Derivative assets:

-
$                            
-
-
-

M ortgage loan interest rate lock commitments
M ortgage loan forward sales commitments
M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments
Total

-
-
-
$                            
-

December 31, 2011
Available-for-sale investment securities:

M unicipals
GNM A
M ortgage-backed securities

Loans held for sale
Derivative assets:

M ortgage loan interest rate lock commitments
M ortgage loan forward sales commitments

Derivative liabilities-

-
$                            
-
-

-
-

M ortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments
Total

-
$                            
-

17,769
23,011
108,890
144,849

4,783
1,692
67
301,061

1,137
23,991
111,816
80,007

2,832
1,168

1,234
222,185

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-
-

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are as follows as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: 

December 31, 2012
Impaired loans
Real estated owned
Total

December 31, 2011
Impaired loans
Real estated owned
Total

Quoted market price
in active markets
(Level 1)

S ignificant other
observable inputs
(Level 2)
(In thousands)

S ignificant other
unobservable inputs
(Level 3)

$                            
-
-
$                            
-

-
$                            
-
$                            
-

31,045
6,284
37,329

56,338
6,097
62,435

-
-
-

-
-
-

The Company predominantly lends with real estate serving as collateral on a substantial majority of loans.  Loans that are deemed 
to be impaired are primarily valued at fair values of the underlying real estate collateral. 

69 

 
 
                        
                              
                              
                        
                              
                              
                      
                              
                              
                      
                              
                              
                          
                              
                              
                          
                              
                              
                               
                              
                      
                              
                          
                        
                              
                              
                      
                              
                              
                        
                              
                              
                          
                              
                              
                          
                              
                              
                          
                              
                      
                              
 
 
                        
                              
                              
                          
                              
                        
                              
                        
                              
                              
                          
                              
                        
                              
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

NOTE 14 - OFF-BALANCE SHEET FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK 

The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing 
needs of its customers.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit.  These instruments involve, to varying 
degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. 

The  Company’s  exposure  to  credit  loss  in  the  event  of  nonperformance  by  the  other  party  to  the  financial  instrument  for 
commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments.  The Company uses the same credit 
policies  in  making  commitments  as  for  on-balance  sheet  instruments.    At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  the  Company  had 
commitments to extend credit in the amount of $31.9 million and $30.8 million, respectively.  At December 31, 2012 and 2011, 
the Company had standby letters of credit in the amount of $396,000 and $481,000, respectively.   

Standby letters of credit obligate the Company to meet certain financial obligations of its customers, if, under the contractual terms 
of the agreement, the customers are unable to do so.  Payment is only guaranteed under these letters of credit upon the borrower’s 
failure to perform its obligations to the beneficiary.  The Company can seek recovery of the amounts paid from the borrower and 
the letters of credit are generally not collateralized.  Commitments under standby letters of credit are usually one year or less.  At 
December  31,  2012,  the  Company  has  recorded  no  liability  for  the  current  carrying  amount  of  the  obligation  to  perform  as  a 
guarantor;  as  such  amounts  are  not  considered  material.    The  maximum  potential  of  undiscounted  future  payments  related  to 
standby letters of credit at December 31, 2012 was approximately $396,000. 

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in 
the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require a payment of a fee.  
Since  commitments  may  expire  without  being  drawn  upon,  the  total  commitments  do  not  necessarily  represent  future  cash 
requirements.    The  Company  evaluates  each  customer's  creditworthiness  on  a  case-by-case  basis.    The  amount  of  collateral 
obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the party.  
Collateral  held  varies,  but  may  include  inventory,  property  and  equipment,  residential  real  estate  and  income  producing 
commercial properties. 

The  Company  uses  derivatives  primarily  to  neutralize  interest  rate  risk  related  to  its  pipeline  of  interest  rate  lock  commitments 
issued  on  residential  mortgage  loans  in  the  process  of  origination  for  sale.    At  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  the  Company’s 
outstanding mortgage interest rate lock commitments totaled $289.6 million and $218.5 million, respectively.  The Company uses 
mortgage loan forward sales commitments and mortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments that generally correspond 
with the composition of the locked pipeline to hedge a percentage of the Company’s pipeline of mortgage loan interest rate lock 
commitments and loans held for sale.  At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company’s outstanding mortgage loan forward sales 
commitments totaled $59.2 million and $48.0 million, respectively.  At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company’s outstanding 
mortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments totaled $308.0 million and $167.0 million, respectively.  The Company’s 
derivative positions are marked to market as shown in Note 3 - Derivatives. 

Management  closely  monitors  its  credit  concentrations  and  attempts  to  diversify  the  portfolio  within  its  market  area.    The 
Company’s  markets are concentrated along coastal South  Carolina.   A summary of commercial real estate credit concentrations 
follows:  

At December 31,
2011

2012

(In thousands)

Commercial real estate loans, excluding owner occupied

and unfunded commitments

Loans secured by owner occupied commercial real estate
Unfunded commitments of commercial real estate
Total

NOTE 15 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS 

$ 

$ 

174,680
122,498
9,172
306,350

191,958
126,009
5,999
323,966

The  Company  maintains  a  401(k)  plan  that  covers  substantially  all  employees  of  CresCom  Bank,  Carolina  Services  (“CFC 
participants”)  and  Crescent  Mortgage  (“CMC  Participants”).    Participants  may  contribute  up  to  the  maximum  allowed  by  the 
regulation.        During  fiscal  2012  and  2011,  the  Company  matched  75%  of  an  employee’s  contribution  up  to  6.00%  of  the 
70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
    
      
        
          
      
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

participant’s compensation of the CFC Participants and the CMC Participants.   For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 
2010, the Company made matching contributions of $461,000, $424,000 and $448,000, respectively.   

The Company has an arrangement with two executives whereby the Company made payments to an insurance company on behalf 
of the executives.  The advance is treated as a loan to the executive and the cash surrender value of the payment to the insurance 
company is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition.  The cash surrender value 
of the advance at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is $813,000 and $1.1 million, respectively.  The executive is entitled to the increase 
in cash value above the Company’s original cash value insurance contributions.  The executive pays the Company imputed interest 
on  the  loan  balance  and  the  increase  in  the  cash  value  is  recorded  as  compensation  to  the  executives.    The  insurance  policy 
premiums are paid in full by the executives.  Generally, each executive is entitled to receive a $1.0 million death benefit and the 
Company  will  receive  a  $1.8  million  death  benefit.    Since  the  executive  pays  the  insurance  premiums,  the  insurance  proceeds 
would be taxable to the Company. 

NOTE 16 - EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE 

Basic earnings (loss) per share are calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares 
outstanding  during  the  period.    Diluted  earnings  (loss)  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)  by  the  weighted 
average number of common shares outstanding plus the weighted average number of additional common shares that would have 
been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been issued.  Diluted earnings (loss) per share include the effects of 
outstanding  stock  options  issued  by  the  Company  if  dilutive.    The  number  of  additional  shares  is  calculated  by  assuming  that 
outstanding stock options were exercised and that the proceeds from such exercises were used to acquire shares of common stock 
at the average market price during the reporting period. 

The following is a summary of the reconciliation of average shares outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 
2010: 

2012

December 31,
2011

2010

Basic

Diluted

Basic

Diluted

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding
Effect of dilutive securities - stock options
Average shares outstanding

1,918,992
-
1,918,992

1,918,992

-

1,918,992

1,918,992
-
1,918,992

1,918,992

-

1,918,992

1,913,240
-
1,913,240

1,913,240

-

1,913,240

The average market price used in calculating the dilutive securities under the treasury stock method for the years ended December 
31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $15.12, $10.71, and $14.90, respectively.  For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, 
8,240, 140,480 and 140,480 option shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share during 
the period because the exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares, and therefore would have 
been anti-dilutive. The Company does not have an actively traded market for its shares and, accordingly, the average market price 
used in calculating dilutive securities is based either on a very limited number of transactions or on a valuation model. 

NOTE 17 - CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS AND OTHER RESTRICTIONS 

The  Company  and  the  Bank  are  subject  to  various  federal  and  state  regulatory  requirements,  including  regulatory  capital 
requirements.  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary 
actions that if undertaken could have a direct material effect on the Company’s and the Bank’s financial statements.  Under capital 
adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework  for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank  must  meet specific 
capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s and the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance 
sheet items as calculated under regulatory methods.  The Company’s and the Bank’s capital amounts and classifications are also 
subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.  As of December 31, 2012, 
the most recent notification from federal banking agencies categorized the Company and the Bank as “well capitalized” under the 
regulatory framework.  In order to be considered “adequately capitalized”, the  Company and the Bank are required to  maintain 
minimum Tier 1 capital and total risk based capital to risk weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to total average assets of 4%, 8%, and 
3%, respectively.  In order to be considered “well capitalized”, the Company and the Bank are required to maintain minimum Tier 
1  capital  and  total  risk  based  capital  to  risk  weighted  assets  and  Tier  1  capital  to  total  average  assets  of  6%,  10%,  and  5%, 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
             
             
             
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

respectively.    Since  December  31,  2011,  there  have  been  no  events  or  conditions  that  management  believes  have  changed  the 
Company’s or the Bank’s regulatory capital categories. 

The actual capital amounts and ratios for the Company and the Bank at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows: 

Carolina Financial Corporation

Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)
Total risk based capital (to risk weighted assets)
Tier 1 capital (to total average assets)

CresCom Bank

Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)
Total risk based capital (to risk weighted assets)
Tier 1 capital (to total average assets)

At December 31,

2012

2011

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)

$      

82,839
98,030
82,839

85,537
100,714
85,537

13.11%
15.52%
9.65%

13.57%
15.97%
10.01%

65,876
83,357
65,876

10.48%
13.27%
7.94%

68,240
85,706
68,240

10.88%
13.67%
8.18%

A South Carolina state bank may not pay dividends from capital.  All dividends must be paid out of undivided profits then on hand, 
after deducting expenses, including reserves for losses and bad debts.  Unless otherwise instructed by the South Carolina Board of 
Financial Institutions, the Bank is generally permitted under South Carolina state banking regulations to pay cash dividends of up to 
100% of net income in any calendar year without obtaining the prior approval of the South Carolina Board of Financial Institutions.  
However, given the restrictions imposed by the Bank’s regulators, at December 31, 2012 the Bank cannot pay dividends without 
prior  approval  from  the  appropriate  regulatory  agencies.    In  addition,  under  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation 
Improvement Act, the Bank may not pay a dividend if, after paying the dividend, the Bank would be undercapitalized.  The FRB 
may also prevent the payment of a dividend by the Bank if it determines that the payment would be an unsafe and unsound banking 
practice. 

In  June  2012,  U.S.  banking  regulators  issued  the  Basel  III  Notice  of  Proposed  Rulemaking  (NPR)  to  implement  Basel  III 
regulatory capital reforms from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and changes required by the Financial Reform Act.  
The  Basel  III  NPR  proposes  material  changes  to  the  deduction  of  certain  assets  from  capital,  new  minimum  capital  ratios  and 
buffer  requirements,  a  Standardized  Approach  that  provides  a  floor  to  the  calculation  of  risk-weighted  assets,  and  significant 
changes to the calculation of credit and counterparty credit risk. 

The Basel III NPR addressing standardized risk-weighting of assets would significantly change the risk-weighting of certain assets 
for almost all U.S. financial institutions beginning in 2015.  To what extent the NPR will be adopted as proposed in not known; 
however,  management  estimates  that  the  Company  would  remain  a  well-capitalized  institution  under  its  interpretation  of  the 
proposed increased capital requirements and risk-weighted asset revisions if the proposal had been fully in effect as of December 
31, 2012. 

Many  of  the  changes  to  capital  deductions  are  subject  to  a  transition  period  where  the  impact  is  recognized  in  20%  increments 
beginning on January 1, 2014 through January 1, 2018.  The majority of the other aspects of the Basel III NPR were proposed to 
become effective January 1, 2013.  However, this effective date was postponed in November 2012.  The delay is expected to be a 
six-month time period.  The phase-in period for the new minimum capital requirements and related buffers is proposed to occur 
between 2013 and 2019. 

Management  expects  to  comply  with  the  final  rules  when  issued  and  effective.    To  prepare  for  the  implementation  of  the  new 
capital  rules,  management  continues  to  build  capital  through  retained  earnings  and  is  evaluating  strategies  to  maximize  the 
Company’s capital under the Basel III NPR. 

NOTE 18 – SUPPLEMENTAL SEGMENT INFORMATION 

The Company has three reportable segments: community banking, mortgage banking and other.  The community banking segment 
provides  traditional  banking  services  offered  through  CresCom  Bank.    The  mortgage  banking  segment  provides  mortgage  loan 

72 

 
 
 
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
      
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

origination and servicing offered through Crescent Mortgage.  The other segment provides managerial and operational support to 
the other business segments through Carolina Services and Carolina Financial. 

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.  The 
Company evaluates performance based on net income. 

The Company accounts for intersegment revenues and expenses as if the revenue/expense transactions were to third parties, that is, 
at current market prices. 

The  Company’s  reportable  segments  are  strategic  business  units  that  offer  different  products  and  services.    They  are  managed 
separately because each segment has different types and levels of credit and interest rate risk. 

The following tables present selected financial information for the Company’s reportable business segments for the years ended 
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010: 

Community Mortgage
Banking

Banking

Other
(In thousands)

Eliminations

Total

1,801
397
1,404
-
54,660
618
21,972
1,099
33,611
12,603
21,008

54,204
853
27,046
-
1,932

18
748
(730)
-
59
5,813
5,744
-
(602)
(183)
(419)

88,344
-
-
-
18,365

13
(9)
22

-
-
(6,431)
-
(5,952)
(457)
(156)
(301)

(128,178)
(607)
-
(2,239)
(151)

35,358
7,513
27,845
2,707
52,284
-
50,149
-
27,273
10,395
16,878

888,724
501,691
144,849
653,247
147,322

For the Year Ended December 31, 2012

Interest income
Interest expense
Net interest income (expense)
Provision for loan losses
Noninterest income (expense) from external customers
Intersegment noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Intersegment noninterest expense
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (loss)

$        

33,526
6,377
27,149
2,707
(2,435)
-
22,433
4,853
(5,279)
(1,869)
(3,410)

$        

Assets
Loans receivable, net
Loans held for sale
Deposits
Borrowed funds

$      

874,354
501,445
117,803
655,486
127,176

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
        
           
                 
      
            
           
         
                  
        
          
        
       
                 
      
            
           
         
                
        
          
      
           
                
      
               
           
      
           
            
          
      
      
                
      
            
        
         
           
            
          
      
       
              
      
          
      
       
              
      
      
       
              
      
      
    
       
    
        
           
         
              
    
        
      
         
                
    
        
           
         
           
    
        
        
    
              
    
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2011

Interest income
Interest expense
Net interest income (expense)
Provision for loan losses
Noninterest income (expense) from external customers
Intersegment noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Intersegment noninterest expense
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (loss)

Assets
Loans receivable, net
Loans held for sale
Deposits
Borrowed funds

For the Year Ended December 31, 2010

Interest income
Interest expense
Net interest income (expense)
Provision for loan losses
Noninterest income from external customers
Intersegment noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Intersegment noninterest expense
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (loss)

Assets
Loans receivable, net
Loans held for sale
Deposits
Borrowed funds

Community
Banking

M ortgage
Banking

Other
(In thousands)

Eliminations

Total

$        

37,483
10,262
27,221
10,735
6

-
19,090
4,853
(7,451)
(2,513)
(4,938)

$        

$      

816,257
512,353
64,076
624,443
122,876

952
136
816
-
19,521
-
12,567
960
6,810
2,588
4,222

28,773
1,132
15,931
-
2,584

17
726
(709)
-
194
5,813
5,756
-
(458)
(203)
(255)

70,800
-
-
-
18,565

(11)
(11)
-
-
-
(5,813)
-
(5,813)
-
-
-

(89,612)
(150)
-
(2,640)
(151)

38,441
11,113
27,328
10,735
19,721
-
37,413
-
(1,099)
(128)
(971)

826,218
513,335
80,007
621,803
143,874

Community
Banking

M ortgage
Banking

Other
(In thousands)

Eliminations

Total

891
467
424
-
24,631
-
14,600
960
9,495
3,608
5,887

29,669
529
14,883
-
3,959

18
718
(700)
-
1,042
5,812
5,776
-
378
152
226

71,063
-
-
-
18,665

(22)
(22)
-
-
-
(5,812)
-
(5,812)
-
-
-

(87,774)
(200)
-
(1,155)
(201)

46,842
17,077
29,765
30,755
21,600
-
39,070
-
(18,460)
(5,872)
(12,588)

930,749
583,995
82,615
689,814
181,098

$        

45,955
15,914
30,041
30,755
(4,073)
-
18,694
4,852
(28,333)
(9,632)
(18,701)

$      

$      

917,791
583,666
67,732
690,969
158,675

74 

 
           
           
                
      
          
           
         
                
      
          
           
       
                
      
          
           
         
                
      
                   
      
         
                
      
               
           
      
           
            
          
      
      
                
      
            
           
         
           
            
          
        
       
                
       
          
        
       
                
          
        
       
                
          
  
      
    
         
    
        
        
         
              
    
          
      
         
                
      
        
           
         
           
    
        
        
    
              
    
 
           
           
                
      
          
           
         
                
      
          
           
       
                
      
          
           
         
                
      
          
      
      
                
      
               
           
      
           
            
          
      
      
                
      
            
           
         
           
            
        
        
         
                
     
          
        
         
                
       
        
         
                
     
  
      
    
         
    
        
           
         
              
    
          
      
         
                
      
        
           
         
           
    
        
        
    
              
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

NOTE 19 - PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

The condensed financial statements for the parent company are presented below: 

Carolina Financial Corporation
Condensed Statements of Financial Condition

At December 31,

2012

2011

(In thousands)

$           

439
85,213
643
465
1
213
86,974

$      

1,245
2,750
15,465
67,514
86,974

$      

375
63,020
439
465
1
511
64,811

741
200
18,215
45,655
64,811

For the Year
Ended December 31,
2011
(In thousands)

2012

2010

$           

150
18

-
168
739
451
1,190

(1,022)
(398)
(624)
-
-
17,297
205
17,502
16,878

$      

500
17
143
660
714
625
1,339

(679)
(474)
(205)
-
-
(715)
(51)
(766)
(971)

300
18
1,042
1,360
697
653
1,350

10
(99)
109
(793)
(12,021)
-
117
(12,697)
(12,588)

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Investment in bank subsidiaries
Investment in non-bank subsidiaries
Investment in unconsolidated statutory business trusts
Securities available for sale
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and stockholders' equity:

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Short-term debt
Long-term debt
Stockholders' equity

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

Carolina Financial Corporation
Condensed Statements of Operations

Dividend income from non-bank subsidiaries
Interest income
Gain on sale of securities available for sale

Total income
Interest expense
General and administrative expenses

Total expenses

Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings

(losses) of subsidiaries

Income tax benefit
Income (loss) before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
Equity in undistributed earnings (losses) of Community FirstBank
Equity in undistributed earnings (losses) of Crescent Bank
Equity in undistributed earnings (losses) of CresCom Bank
Equity in undistributed earnings (losses) of Carolina Services

Total equity in undistributed earnings (losses) of subsidiaries

Net income (loss)

75 

 
 
 
             
        
        
             
             
             
             
                 
                 
             
             
        
          
             
          
             
        
        
        
        
        
 
 
 
             
             
               
               
               
              
             
          
             
             
          
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
          
          
         
            
               
            
            
              
            
            
             
              
              
            
              
              
       
        
            
              
             
              
             
        
            
       
            
       
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

Carolina Financial Corporation
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash

provided by (used in) operating activities:

Equity in undistributed earnings (losses) in subsidiaries
Gain on sale of securities available for sale
Stock-based compensation
(Increase) decrease in other assets
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Proceeds from the sale of securities available for sale
Equity investment in bank subsidiaries

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Cash flows from financing activities -

Principal repayment of short term debt

Net cash used in financing activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

For the Year
Ended December 31,
2011
(In thousands)

2012

2010

$      

16,878

(971)

(12,588)

(17,502)
-

86
298
504
264

-
-
-

(200)
(200)
64
375
439

$           

766
(143)
271
(366)
607
164

150
(200)
(50)

(50)
(50)
64
311
375

12,697
(1,042)
391
144
(251)
(649)

1,065
(1,000)
65

-
-
(584)
895
311

NOTE 20 – QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) 

The tables below represent the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 respectively: 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2012

First

S econd

Third

Fourth

(In thousands, except per share data)

Total interest income
Total interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
Noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Income before taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share

76 

$       

8,954
2,036
6,918
2,067
4,851
9,632
11,007
3,476
1,376
2,100
1.09
1.09

$       
$         
$         

8,920
1,887
7,033
115
6,918
11,136
15,258
2,796
1,202
1,594
0.83
0.83

8,870
1,819
7,051
250
6,801
13,962
12,007
8,756
3,308
5,448
2.84
2.84

8,614
1,771
6,843
275
6,568
17,554
11,877
12,245
4,509
7,736
4.04
4.04

 
            
       
       
             
        
              
            
         
               
             
             
             
            
             
             
             
            
             
             
            
              
             
          
              
            
         
              
              
               
            
              
              
            
              
              
               
               
            
             
             
             
             
             
 
 
 
 
 
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
            
            
            
         
         
         
         
         
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
         
         
         
       
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
           
           
           
           
           
           
 
 
CAROLINA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2011

First

Second

Third

Fourth

(In thousands, except per share data)

Total interest income
Total interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
Noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Income (loss) before taxes
Income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (loss)
Basic earnings (losses) per share
Diluted earnings (losses) per share

Total interest income
Total interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
Noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Loss before taxes
Income tax benefit
Net loss

Basic loss per share

Diluted loss per share

$     

10,187
3,167
7,020
1,700
5,320
4,848
8,973
1,195
488
707
0.37
0.37

$          
$         
$         

9,653
2,892
6,761
3,550
3,211
4,776
8,613
(626)
(147)
(479)
(0.25)
(0.25)

9,412
2,631
6,781
2,580
4,201
5,799
10,270
(270)
(53)
(217)
(0.11)
(0.11)

9,189
2,423
6,766
2,905
3,861
4,298
9,557
(1,398)
(416)
(982)
(0.52)
(0.52)

For the Year Ended December 31, 2010

First

Second

Third

Fourth

(In thousands, except per share data)

12,242
4,580
7,662
9,630
(1,968)
5,432
9,102
(5,638)
(2,037)
(3,601)

(1.88)

(1.88)

11,657
4,158
7,499
8,030
(531)
7,658
10,563
(3,436)
(885)
(2,551)

(1.33)

(1.33)

10,380
3,631
6,749
8,155
(1,406)
3,326
10,963
(9,043)
(2,862)
(6,181)

(3.23)

(3.23)

$     

12,563
4,708
7,855
4,940
2,915
5,184
8,442
(343)
(88)
(255)

$         

$        

(0.14)

$        

(0.14)

77 

 
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
       
         
         
           
           
        
            
           
             
           
           
           
           
          
          
          
          
          
          
 
 
       
       
       
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
        
           
        
         
         
         
         
         
         
       
       
           
        
        
        
             
        
           
        
        
        
        
          
          
          
          
          
          
 
 
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