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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
☒☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2019.
☐☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 000‑‑10843
CSP Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
Massachusetts
(State of incorporation)
04‑‑2441294
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
175 Cabot Street, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854
(Address of principal executive offices)
(978) 954‑‑5038
(Registrant’s telephone number including area code)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol(s)
CSPI
Name of each exchange on which registered
Nasdaq Global Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☒ No ☐.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐.
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K(§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10‑K or any amendment to this
Form 10‑K. ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging
growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b‑2 of the
Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒
Accelerated filer ☐
Smaller Reporting Company ☒
Emerging Growth Company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised
financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $40,671,108 based on the closing sale price of $11.15 as
reported on the Nasdaq Global Market on March 29, 2019.
As of December 3, 2019, we had outstanding 4,153,742 shares of common stock.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain portions of the information required in Part III of this Form 10‑K are incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement for our 2020 annual meeting
of stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended September 30, 2019.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I.
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II.
Item 5.
Item 7.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
PART III.
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
PART IV.
Item 15.
Item 16.
Business
Risk Factors
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Change in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures
Controls and Procedures
Other Information
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Form 10‑K Summary
Note: Items 1B, 6 and 7A are not required for Smaller Reporting Companies and therefore are not furnished.
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Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This annual report on Form 10‑K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. This information may
involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are difficult to predict and may cause our actual results,
performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by
any forward-looking statements. The discussion below contains certain forward-looking statements related but not limited to,
among others, statements concerning future revenues and future business plans. Forward-looking statements include statements
in which we use words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “plan,”
“potential,” “predict,” “project,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions. Although we believe the expectations reflected in
such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, the forward-looking statements are subject to significant
risks and uncertainties, and thus we cannot assure you that these expectations will prove to be correct, and actual results may
vary from those contained in such forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks and uncertainties in Item 1A under
the heading “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report.
Factors that may cause such variances include, but are not limited to, our dependence on a small number of customers
for a significant portion of our revenue, our high dependence on contracts with the U.S. federal government, our reliance in
certain circumstances on single sources for supply of key product components, and intense competition in the market segments in
which we operate. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also,
forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this document. We have based the
forward-looking statements included in this annual report on Form 10‑K on information available to us on the date of this annual
report, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, other than as required by law.
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Item 1. Business
PART I
CSP Inc. ("CSPi" or "CSPI" or "the Company" or "we" or "our") was incorporated in 1968 and is based in Lowell,
Massachusetts. To meet the diverse requirements of our commercial and defense customers worldwide, CSPi and its subsidiaries
develop and market IT integration solutions, advanced security products, managed IT services, cloud services, purpose built
network adapters, and high-performance cluster computer systems.
On July 31, 2018, CSPi LTD sold all of the outstanding stock of Modcomp GmbH for $14.4 million cash, and
recognized a gain of $16.8 million. The divestiture of our German operations and our increased cash position enables us to focus
time and resources on our higher-margin and greater-potential growth opportunities. We are encouraged by the traction of our
managed services business in the U.S. and we intend to continue to invest and focus on our new ARIA SDS cyber security
products and to capitalize on the proliferation of our wireless service business.
Segments
CSPI operates in two segments: Technology Solutions ("TS") and High Performance Products ("HPP").
TS Segment
·
·
·
The TS segment consists of our wholly-owned Modcomp subsidiary, which operates in the United States and the United
Kingdom.
The TS segment generates product revenues by reselling third-party computer hardware and software as a value added
reseller ("VAR"). The TS segment generates service revenues by the delivery of integration services for complex IT
environments, including advanced security; unified communications and collaboration; wireless and mobility; data
center solutions; and network solutions as well as managed IT services ("MSP") that primarily serve the small and mid-
sized business market ("SMB").
Third party products and professional services are marketed and sold through the Company’s direct sales force into a
variety of vertical markets, including; automotive; defense; health care; education; federal, state and local government;
and maritime.
· CSPi sold all of the outstanding stock of Modcomp GmbH to Reply AG on July 31, 2018 for total cash consideration of
$14.4 million. CSPi recognized a one-time gain of $16.8 million. The Company determined the German subsidiary met
the criteria for discontinued operations under ASC 205. The Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements
of Operations reflect the results of Modcomp GmbH classified as discontinued operations at and as of September 30,
2018. See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
HPP Segment
·
·
The HPP segment revenue comes from four distinct product lines: (i) a cybersecurity solution marketed as ARIA™
Software-Defined Security (“SDS”), which is offered to commercial, original equipment manufacturers ("OEM") and
government customers; (ii) the Myricom network adapters for commercial, government and OEM customers; (iii) the
ARIA nVoy Series of appliances for Managed Security Service Providers (“MSSPs”) and end-user customers; and (iv)
the legacy Multicomputer product portfolio for digital signal processing ("DSP") applications within the defense
markets.
®
The ARIA SDS solution is a software portfolio starting with the underlying platform (orchestrator, light-weight
instances), and hosted applications, as well as supporting hardware (turn-key security appliances), all developed to
secure an organization’s network, enterprise-wide, to better protect critical devices, applications and high-
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value data, such as personally identifiable information ("PII"), from breaches. Revenue will come from the sale of
licenses of our software platform components, hosted applications, turnkey appliances and the required support
packages. The software licenses are renewable on an annual basis. The ARIA SDS platform and applications can be
deployed on our separately sold Myricom adapters that can be deployed within our customers servers, or via our turn-
key appliances that can be deployed in data centers or within the customers network to provide network security
services. Alternatively, with future releases, organizations will be able deploy ARIA SDS on cloud infrastructure as a
service to protect this portion of their IT environment. We had our first sale in the last half of fiscal year 2019 and the
pipeline has started to build up for fiscal year 2020. We expect to have additional revenue starting in the second quarter
of fiscal year 2020, which we expect will increase throughout the year.
· We anticipate that the ARIA SDS portfolio will be of value to regulated industries, such as financial services or
healthcare, due to the rise of data-privacy regulations enforced at the federal, U.S. state, and international level, as well
as industry entities. We also believe the unique, patent-pending approach will be attractive to managed security services
providers (MSSP) and OEMs that pursue differentiated security services for their customers. While our initial offerings
of the ARIA SDS portfolio are available now, the number of offerings will continue to expand over time.
·
·
The Myricom network adapters (ARC Series and SIA) are optimized for and sold into markets that require high
bandwidth and low latency including (i) packet capture, (ii) financial transactions, and (iii) storage interconnect. And
with our SIA organizations that require advanced security features added to their production server deployments. Our
primary customers for packet capture include government agencies that need to capture, inject, and analyze network
traffic at line rate, and OEMs selling into vendors of computer security appliances. Financial institutions, such as banks,
and brokerage firms use Myricom adapters to decrease transaction times. Our storage interconnect customers, primarily
in the film industry, use our adapters for video capture and film editing. Organizations that run advanced network
security features benefit from the ability to run such applications safely on our adapter preserving server performance for
production applications.
The nVoy Series of appliances (Packet Recorder and Packet Broker) can be deployed as part of an organization’s data
security structure as a new component to complement existing systems and provides data breach verification and
notification as well as compliance reporting. The primary customers will be OEMs or MSSPs that are looking to expand
their product and services offerings of industry regulation compliance and breach response solutions.
· Multicomputer products for DSP applications are no longer being actively developed but will continue to be sold for
deployment and supported for several years. Revenue flows come from servicing previously deployed products for a
modest number of existing high-value defense customers. Therefore, the revenue from these products, as a percentage of
overall Company revenue, is expected to decline over time.
Sales Information by Industry Segment
The following table details our sales by operating segment for fiscal years ending September 30, 2019 and 2018.
Additional segment and geographical information is set forth in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements.
Segment
TS
HPP
Total Sales
2019
%
2018
%
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
$ 71,159
7,902
$ 79,061
90 % $ 62,437
10 % 10,479
100 % $ 72,916
86 %
14 %
100 %
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TS Segment
Products and Services
Integration Solutions
In the TS segment, we focus on value-added reseller ("VAR") integrated solutions including third-party hardware,
software and technical computer-related consulting services and managed services. Our value proposition is our ability to
integrate diverse third-party components together into a complete solution to install the system at the customer site and to offer
high value IT consulting services to deliver solutions.
Third-Party Hardware and Software
We sell third-party hardware and software products in the information technology market, with a strategic focus on
industry standard servers and data center infrastructure solutions, midrange data storage infrastructure products, network
products, unified communications, and IT security hardware and software solutions. Our key offerings include products from
HPE/Aruba, Cisco Systems, Palo Alto Networks, DellEMC, Juniper Networks, Citrix, Intel, VMWare, Fortinet, Microsoft and
Checkpoint. Through our business relationships with these vendors, we are able to offer competitively priced robust products to
meet our customers’ diverse technology needs, providing procurement and engineering expertise in server infrastructure, storage,
security, unified communications and networking, to the small-to-medium sized businesses ("SMBs") and large enterprise
businesses ("LEBs") with complex IT environments. We offer our customers a single point of contact for complex multi-vendor
technology purchases. Many of our SMB customers have unique technology needs and may lack technical purchasing expertise or
have very limited IT engineering resources on staff. We also provide installation, integration, logistical assistance and other
value-added services that customers may require. Our current customers are in web and infrastructure hosting, education,
telecommunications, healthcare services, distribution, financial services, professional services and manufacturing. We target
SMBs and LEB customers across all industries.
Professional Services
We provide professional IT consulting services in the following areas:
·
Implementation, integration, migration, configuration, installation services and project management.
· Hyper-Converged Infrastructure ("HCI") - We assist our clients with designing and implementing HCI solutions from
multiple vendors including DellEMC, Nutanix, HPE and Cisco. HCI is a software-centric architecture that tightly
integrates compute, storage and virtualization resources in a single system. The benefits of an HCI solution are improved
performance, scalability and flexibility all in a reduced footprint.
· Virtualization - We help our customers implement virtualization solutions using products from companies such as
VMWare and Citrix that allow one computer to do the job of multiple computers by sharing resources of a single
computer across multiple environments. Virtualization eliminates physical and geographical limitations and enables
users to host multiple operating systems and applications on fewer servers. Benefits include energy cost savings, lower
capital expenditure requirements, high availability of resources, better desktop management, increased security and
improved disaster recovery.
·
·
Enterprise security intrusion prevention, network access control and unified threat management. Using third-party
products from companies like Palo Alto, Aruba Networks, Juniper Networks, Fortinet, Checkpoint and Cisco Systems,
our services are designed to ensure data security and integrity through the establishment of virtual private networks,
firewalls and other technologies.
IT security compliance services. We provide services for IT security compliance with personal privacy laws such as the
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard ("PCI DSS"), the Health Insurance Portability and
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Accountability Act of 1996 ("HIPAA"), and internal control regulations under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act ("SOX").
· Unified communications, wireless and routing and switching solutions using Cisco Systems and Aruba Networks
products and services.
· Custom software applications and solutions development and support. We develop custom applications to customer
specifications using industry standard platforms such as Microsoft.Net, SharePoint and OnBase. We are a Microsoft
Gold Partner.
· Managed IT services that include monitoring, reporting and management of alerts for the resolution and preventive
general IT and IT security support tasks.
· Maintenance and technical support for third-party products including hardware and software, operating system and user
support.
Managed and Cloud Services
As consumption models continue to evolve in our industry, we have developed a robust managed & cloud services
offering to provide alternative solutions to traditional capital expenditure investments in IT solutions and IT operations for our
clients. Our value is to provide an elastic offering that will allow the client to scale and consume these offerings with monthly
billing options that help control costs and provide economies of scale.
We provide managed and cloud services in the following areas:
·
Proactive monitoring and remote management of IT Infrastructure that includes network (both wired and wireless), data
center (which includes compute, storage and virtualization), desktops, unified communications platforms and security.
· Managed and Hosted Unified Communication as a Service via a Cisco Collaboration offering under an annuity program.
· Managed Security (firewall, endpoint protection, malware, anti-virus and SIEM).
· Managed BackUp and Replication.
· Cloud services that include Microsoft Office 365, Azure, Greencloud and Amazon Web Services.
Markets, Marketing and Dependence on Certain Customers
We are an IT systems integrator and computer hardware and software VAR. We also provide technical services to
achieve a value-add to our customers. We operate within the VAR sales channels of major computer hardware and software
OEMs, primarily within the geographic areas of our sales offices and across the U.S. We provide innovative IT solutions,
including a myriad of infrastructure products with customized integration consulting services and managed services to meet the
unique requirements of our customers. We market the products and services we sell through sales offices in the U.S. and the U.K.
using our direct sales force.
Competition
Our primary competition in the TS segment is other VARs ranging from small companies that number in the thousands,
to large enterprises such as CDW, PC Connection, Insight, Presidio, Dimension Data, and Computacenter Limited. In addition,
we compete directly with many of the companies that manufacture the third-party products we sell, including Cisco Systems,
IBM, Hewlett Packard (HPE), EMC (now part of Dell) and others. In the network
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management, security and storage systems integration services business, our competitors are extensive and vary to a certain
degree in each of the geographical markets, but they also include such national competitors as HP/EDS, IBM and Cap Gemini.
Nearly all of our product offerings are available through other channels. Favorable competitive factors for the TS
segment include procurement capability, product diversity which enables the delivery of complete and custom solutions to our
customers and the strength of our key business relationships with the major IT OEMs. We also consider our ability to meet the
unique and/or specialized needs of the SMB and LEB markets and our strong knowledge of the IT products that we sell to be a
key competitive advantage. Our ability to provide managed services through our network operations center and the professional
IT services required to design and install custom IT solutions to address our customers' IT needs are distinct competitive
advantages. Unfavorable competitive factors include low name recognition, limited geographic coverage and pricing.
Backlog
The backlog of customer orders and contracts for the TS segment was approximately $4.0 million at
September 30, 2019, as compared to $7.2 million at September 30, 2018. Our backlog can fluctuate greatly. These fluctuations
can be due to the timing of receiving large orders for third-party products and/or IT services. It is expected that all of the customer
orders in backlog will ship and/or be provided during fiscal year 2020.
HPP Segment
Products and Services
The mission of the HPP team is to deliver a differentiated, smarter approach to cybersecurity. Our software-defined
platform makes it easier for organizations to achieve enterprise-wide network security and protection of critical assets,
applications and devices by improving their network visibility capabilities and accelerating their incident response.
Products
The ARIA SDS solution will give organizations an automated, central, and coordinated way to accelerate cyber threat
detection and response, implement and enforce security polices, control which applications can access critical assets, and to
protect applications and the associated data. The ARIA Orchestrator ("SDSo") and instances ("SDSi"), provide the foundation of
the ARIA platform, so that a series of lightweight advanced security applications can be deployed, provisioned and managed
uniformly across any sized organization.
These instances can be deployed in a variety of scenarios including bare metal servers, virtual machines ("VMs"), and
container-based compute environments. The ARIA SDSo will automatically detect any instances and will programmatically
execute the specified applications security feature set strengthening an organization's security posture.
For customers that desire a turnkey solution, a bundled offering can be created for deployment and opens the possibility
for professional services and integration services offerings to our channel.
ARIA SDS APPLICATIONS
The deployment of hosted applications bring life to the ARIA SDS platform. Application availability will expand over time
as new products are released. However, the current offerings we believe have significant market potential.
1) ARIA SDS Packet Intelligence: The ARIA Packet Intelligence ("PI") application directs all of an organization’s
network traffic to existing intrusion detection systems (“IDS”) security tools such as security information and event management
solutions ("SIEMs"), user and entity behavior analytics ("UEBA"), or network intrusion protection systems ("NIPS” or “IPS"),
and making these tools more effective at detecting network-born threats.
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The ARIA PI application will be available as licensed functionality within a low-cost high-availability ("HA") security
appliance, or probe, that taps into an organization’s network infrastructure, as well as on the Myricom Secure Intelligent Adapter
("SIA"). The probe will be able to mine data at 10-25G line rates and perform remedial actions to stop threats on a per-traffic
stream basis while minimizing impact on network traffic performance. Built-in APIs allow compatible 3 party threat detection
tools to take actions to stop detected threats. It is our belief that competing solutions currently do not provide this mix and level of
capability. We will be able to provide a packaged solution by installing 3 party IPS/IDS applications, onto ARIA hardware
appliances that run alongside and are fed by ARIA SDS applications, such as Packet Intelligence. The ARIA PI application will
be able to improve IPS or IDS performance by preprocessing the data feeds, allowing such solutions to run effectively at higher
line rates.
rd
rd
2) ARIA SDS Packet Capture: Our Sniffer10G ("SNF") software is used by intelligence agencies for packet capture,
network surveillance applications, and to perform detailed cyber-threat analysis. It’s a recommended solution to increase the Zeek
IDS (formerly known as Bro) to support 10G line rates rather than the standard 1G. With the introduction of ARIA SDS and the
Myricom SIA, SNF will be upgraded to support a 25G line-rate. When used in conjunction with the Packet Intelligence
application, the SNF application can provide the details required to determine the exact type of threat and/or identify the
compromised data records.
3) ARIA SDS KMS (Key Management Server): The ARIA KMS application will make it easier to add encryption and
decryption capabilities to applications which leverage a standards-based key management interoperability protocol ("KMIP")
client. For example, each of VMware’s vSphere and vSAN instances leverage a KMIP client to encrypt their application data
output. As such, they need to be fed KMIP compatible keys to perform encryption. Depending upon the size of the environment,
this could require hundreds of keys per minute. Our KMS key management server solution provides such KMIP keys securely
and rapidly at scale while ensuring that the key servers are highly available at all times. Our application was designed to solve the
deployment complexity challenges currently associated with key management.
4) ARIA AIR (Automated Investigative Response) The ARIA AIR and Packet Recorder applications will make it
easier to detect data breaches and exfiltrated data from critical data applications. Used in conjunction with threat intelligence tools
which will alert if an internal system is accessing a bad site, we ingest the alert use it to trigger a search our recordings of the
traffic flowing from the critical applications to determine if there is a match. This indicates a breach and provides a record of all
the records that have been exfiltrated.
MYRICOM NETWORK ADAPTERS
Myricom ARC Series product line includes a portfolio of Ethernet adapters and specialized software, which is branded
as DBL for financial institutions and Sniffer10G ("SNF") for network monitoring. Both are compatible with Linux, Windows,
Mac OS X, and VMware ESX. Our adapters act as stand-alone Network Interface Cards ("NIC”) and support purpose-built for
applications that provide high bandwidth, low latency and line-rate packet capture, and processing off load for high-frequency
financial trading and network traffic analysis applications.
Myricom Secure Intelligent Adapter ("SIA") is our next-generation adapter and will provide additional compute
capabilities and specialized hardware to run the ARIA SDS platform and applications. A 25G version of SNF is being developed
to deliver higher line rates as required by enterprise and government customers. This will also let these organizations achieve
lossless packet capture and packet inspection, which is required for network surveillance use cases and tools, such as lawful
intercept, deep packet inspection, forensic tools, and threat detection applications. Other customers for the SIA include OEMs and
MSSP partners to run their own applications upon.
ARIA SECURITY APPLIANCES
ARIA Security Appliances provides a standalone solution that can be either deployed in line to provide network
security or within a data center to provide security services. These appliances are built with one or multiple built in SIA adapters.
This allows for broader options to deploy our services in a turnkey fashion.
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nVoy Series is comprised of a 100G Packet Broker and a 10G Packet Recorder appliance optimized to run our ARIA
software. These tools assist customers in the deployment of our ARIA solution into higher speed networks, as well as provide
the compute and storage intensive functions needs to provide some of our services such as Packet recording.
MULTICOMPUTER PRODUCTS
Multicomputer products portfolio includes the 2000 SERIES VME and 3000 SERIES VXS systems. The 2000
SERIES products, based on PowerPC RISC processors with AltiVec™ technology, high-speed memory, and Myrinet-2000™
cluster interconnect, are currently is use by customers in the aerospace, commercial, and defense markets. The 3000 SERIES
VXS product line, incorporating the Freescale QorIQ PowerPC processors with AltiVec technology, targets high-performance
DSP, signal intelligence ("SIGINT"), and radar and sonar applications in airborne, shipboard, and unmanned aerial vehicle
("UAV") platforms where space, power, and cooling are at a premium. The HPP segment will continue to ship and repair existing
Multicomputer products to its customer base and support an installed base of DSP systems.
Royalties on Multicomputer products
We license the design of certain 2000 SERIES computer processor boards and switch interconnect technology to third
parties. In exchange for licensing this technology, we receive a royalty payment for each processor board that utilizes our design
for these products.
Markets, Marketing and Dependence on Certain Customers
Aerospace & Defense Market
Our focus for fiscal 2020 and beyond is to continue our support of established Multicomputer and Myricom products
allowing system deployments to be made by government entities. These programs have support requirements that often extend
beyond twenty years.
Financial Transactions Market
Myricom network adapters with DBL application software address the need for the ultra-low latency required in the
world of financial trading. Running DBL on the Myricom ARC Series provides acceleration for 10G Ethernet environments, with
benchmarked application-to-application latency in the single digit microsecond range for Linux and Microsoft Windows
operating systems.
Packet Capture Market
Myricom Sniffer10G, and in development, the 25G software, running on Myricom Ethernet adapters, provides enterprise
and government customers and partners the ability to capture, inject, and analyze network traffic at line rate for all Ethernet
packet sizes, with low-cost CPU overhead. Sniffer10G serves the following market segments: network surveillance, monitoring
and analysis, testing, measurement, and packet generation, as well as a technology component within intrusion detection systems
("IDS"), forensic tools, and threat detection and response solutions.
Storage Interconnect Market
Myricom ARC Series network adapters are used in a wide range of networked applications, including those that connect
to storage subsystems using Ethernet. Many of these customers are using content-creation applications requiring high-
performance networking from the storage system to video-editing workstations.
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Cyber Security Products Market
The ARIA SDS solution is targeted at organizations that need to get additional functionality out of their current cyber
security solutions to find and stop intrusion threats, while also reducing their operating costs. While our ARIA SDS solutions will
be offered through our direct sales channel, it is more likely that sales will come through via independent software vendor
channels to the end customers. These value added resellers will find ARIA appealing to expand their portfolio of security
products and services and replace less-effective tools and processes in their customer environments.
OEMs in the cyber security segments will be candidates for ARIA SDS deployments. These vendors can benefit from
integrating the ARIA applications as internal solution toolsets to allow their application to scale, add critical functionality, or
solve particular problems, such as poor performance. OEMs are interested in the Myricom Adapters including our SIA running
our ARIA SDS applications, for use as Smart NICs within their appliances. We believe this will be a large growing market we
can participate in in the coming years.
Another target for the ARIA solution will be the managed security services providers, as these providers’ desire simple,
yet differentiated, solutions that can be deployed across their customer bases. The orchestration and automation capabilities found
in ARIA SDS are valuable as they allow these security service providers to scale their offerings while increasing the productivity
of their security operation center staff.
Competition
CSPi’s competition in the cybersecurity space comes primarily from the large, traditional security vendors like Dell,
IBM, and Intel. Due to the ARIA’s approach to network and data security, we also face competition from traditional security tools
and current approaches to finding network based attacks. The competition includes common firewall manufacturers with broad
portfolios such as Palo Alto or Cisco, and in the case of data packet brokers, Gigamon and Ixia. Competitors for ARIA SDS
encryption include applications and appliances provided by Thales, HPE’s Voltaic group, and other smaller market players.
In the crowded security products market, our history of supporting defense and government military programs, strong
security application expertise, and the ability to develop optimized products for OEMs will help set us apart. However, we must
continually develop new features and solutions to stay abreast of evolving customer requirements and leverage advances in
technology. One example is Intel’s chip-level roadmap that may provide additional functionality for our ARIA SDS solution but
our competitors could also attempt to leverage this. Some of these competitors may also be potential go-to-market partners or
OEM customers looking to integrate our capabilities within their products and solutions.
Customers who need a combination of advanced data protection features and who require optimized application
performance are best suited to the ARIA solution. Security adapter products will also leverage previous generation Myricom ARC
Series network adapter capabilities that include advanced filtering, support for kernel bypass technologies, lossless packet
capture, and precision time stamping. These new capabilities will offer a variety of security service combinations that our
customers can put to use.
Manufacturing, Assembly and Testing
Currently, all Multicomputer products are shipped to our customers directly from our plant in Lowell, Massachusetts.
Our manufacturing activities consist mainly of final assembly and testing of printed circuit boards and systems that are designed
by us and fabricated by outside third-party vendors.
Upon our receipt of material and components from outside suppliers, our quality assurance technicians inspect these
products and components. During manufacture and assembly, both sub-assemblies and completed systems are subjected to
extensive testing, including burn-in and environmental stress screening designed to minimize equipment failure at delivery and
over the useful service life of the system. We also use diagnostic programs to detect and isolate
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potential component failures. A comprehensive log is maintained of past failures to monitor the ongoing reliability of our
products and improve design standards.
Currently, Myricom products, including the nVoy appliances and Myricom network adapters, are shipped to our
customers directly from our plant in Lowell, Massachusetts. The packet recorder and packet broker appliances are sourced from
third-party partners, integrated with CSPi software and resold under the CSPi brand. Our network adapters are designed in-house
and fabricated by outside third party vendors. Material and components received from outside suppliers are inspected by our
quality assurance technicians.
The ARIA SDS solution (platform and applications) will be downloaded and licensed from servers or content-delivery
services directly controlled by CSPi. The ARIA software can be sold in conjunction with the Myricom SIA, or our appliances,
which may be preloaded with the appropriate images. Licensing will be handled by the ARIA SDSo which will be accessible by
CSPi’s licensing severs to allow proper flexible services feature set activation and payment.
We provide a warranty covering defects arising from the sale of Multicomputer and Myricom products, which varies
from 90 days to three years, depending upon the particular unit in question.
Sources and Availability of Raw Materials
Several components used in our HPP segment products are obtained from sole-source suppliers. We are dependent on
key vendors such as Xilinx or NXP for a variety of processors for certain products and Wind River Systems, Inc. for VxWorks
operating system software. Despite our dependence on these sole-source suppliers, based on our current forecast and our
projected sales obligations, we believe we have adequate inventory on hand and our current near-term requirements can be met in
the existing supply chain.
Research and Development
For the year ended September 30, 2019, our expenses for R&D were approximately $2.8 million compared to
approximately $3.3 million for fiscal year 2018. Expenditures for R&D are expensed as they are incurred. Product development
efforts in fiscal year 2019 involved development of the ARIA SDS product set, and enhancements to our Myricom products, in
which we expect to continue to make investments related to the development of new hardware adapter products and the ARIA
SDS software that enables the hardware to meet the needs of specific applications. Our current R&D plan is intended to extend
the usefulness and marketability of these products by adding features and capabilities to meet the needs of our markets.
Intellectual Property
We rely on a combination of trademark and trade secret laws in the United States and other jurisdictions, as well as
confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our intellectual property rights. We have two pending patents for
the ARIA SDS software and will be pursuing additional patent rights over time.
Backlog
The backlog of customer orders and contracts in the HPP segment was approximately $0.5 million at
September 30, 2019 as compared to $1.0 million at September 30, 2018. Our backlog can fluctuate greatly. These possible large
fluctuations can be due to the timing of receipt of large orders often for purchases from prime contractors for sales to the
government. It is expected that all of the customer orders in backlog will ship within the next twelve months from
September 30, 2019.
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Significant Customers
See Note 18 in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for detailed information regarding customers which
comprised 10% or more of consolidated revenues for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
Employees
As of September 30, 2019, we had approximately 114 full time equivalent employees worldwide for our consolidated
operations. None of our employees are represented by a labor union and we have had no work stoppages in the last three
fiscal years. We consider relations with our employees to be good.
Company Website
The Company’s internet address is http://www.cspi.com. Through that address, the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10‑K, quarterly reports on Form 10‑Q, current reports on Form 8‑K and amendments to those reports are available free of
charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
(Securities and Exchange Commission or Commission). The information contained on the Company’s website is not included in,
nor incorporated by reference into, this annual report on Form 10‑K.
Financial Information about Geographic Areas
Information regarding our sales by geographic area and percentage of sales based on the location to which the products
are shipped or services rendered are in Note 18 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
If any of the risks and uncertainties set forth below actually materialize, our business, financial condition and/or
results of operations could be materially and adversely affected, the trading price of our common stock could decline and a
stockholder could lose all or part of its, his or her investment. The risks and uncertainties set forth below are not the only ones
we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also impair
our business operations.
We depend on a small number of customers for a significant portion of our revenue and loss of any customer could
significantly affect our business.
Both the HPP and TS segments are reliant upon a small number of significant customers, and the loss of or significant
reduction in sales to any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. For the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2019, one customer accounted for approximately $10.2 million in revenue, or 13% of our total revenues for the
fiscal year. In addition, our revenues are largely dependent upon the ability of our customers to continue to grow or need services
or to develop and sell products that incorporate our products. No assurance can be given that our customers will not experience
financial or other difficulties that could adversely affect their operations and, in turn, our results of operations.
We depend on key personnel and skilled employees and face competition in hiring and retaining qualified employees.
We are largely dependent upon the skills and efforts of our senior management, managerial, sales and technical
employees. None of our senior management personnel or other key employees are subject to any employment contracts except
Victor Dellovo, our Chief Executive Officer and President. The loss of services of any of our executives or other key personnel
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our future success will depend
to a significant extent on our ability to attract, train, motivate and retain highly skilled technical professionals. Our ability to
maintain and renew existing engagements and obtain new business depends, in large part, on our ability to hire and retain
technical personnel with the skills that keep pace with continuing changes in our industry standards and technologies. The
inability to hire additional qualified personnel could impair our ability to
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satisfy or grow our client base. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in retaining current or future employees.
Our success depends in part on our timely introduction of new products and technologies and our results can be
impacted by the effectiveness of our significant investments in new products and technologies
We have made significant investments in our Aria SDS cyber security products and services that may not achieve
expected returns. We will continue to make significant investments in research, development, and marketing for Aria products,
services, and technologies. Commercial success depends on many factors, including innovativeness, developer support, and
effective distribution and marketing. If customers do not perceive our latest offerings as providing significant new functionality or
other value, they may reduce their purchases of new software and hardware products or upgrades, unfavorably affecting revenue.
We may not achieve significant revenue from new product, service, and distribution channel investments for several years. New
products and services may not be profitable, and even if they are profitable, operating margins for some new products and
businesses may not be as high as the margins we have experienced historically. Developing new technologies and products is
complex. It can require long development and testing periods. Significant delays in new releases or significant problems in
creating new products or services could adversely affect our revenue.
We depend on contracts with the federal government, primarily with the Department of Defense ("DoD"), for a
significant portion of our revenue, and our business could be seriously harmed if the government significantly decreased or
ceased doing business with us.
We derived 4% of our total revenue in fiscal year 2019 and 6% of our total revenue in fiscal year 2018 from the DoD as
a subcontractor. We expect that the DoD contracts will continue to be important to our business for the foreseeable future. If we
were suspended or debarred from contracting with the federal government generally, the General Services Administration, or any
significant agency in the intelligence community or the DoD, if our reputation or relationship with government agencies were to
be impaired, or if the government otherwise ceased doing business with us or significantly decreased the amount of business it
does with us, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results would be materially and adversely affected.
To be successful, we must respond to the rapid changes in technology. If we are unable to do so on a timely basis our
business could be materially adversely affected.
Our future success will depend in large part on our ability to enhance our current products and to develop new
commercial products on a timely and cost-effective basis in order to respond to technological developments and changing
customer needs. The design-in process is typically lengthy and expensive and there can be no assurance that we will be able to
continue to meet the product specifications of our customers in a timely and adequate manner. In addition, if we fail to anticipate
or to respond adequately to changes in technology and customer preferences, or if there is any significant delay in product
developments or introductions, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations, including the risk of inventory obsolescence. Because of the complexity of our products, we have experienced delays
from time to time in completing products on a timely basis. If we are unable to design, develop or introduce competitive new
products on a timely basis, our future operating results would be adversely affected, particularly in our HPP segment. There can
be no assurance that we will be successful in developing new products or enhancing our existing products on a timely or cost-
effective basis, or that such new products or product enhancements will achieve market acceptance.
We rely on single sources for supply of certain components and our business may be seriously harmed if our supply of
any of these components or other components is disrupted.
Several components used in our HPP products are currently obtained from sole-source suppliers. We are dependent on
key vendors like Mellanox Technologies for our high-speed interconnect components. Generally, suppliers may terminate our
purchase orders without cause upon 30 days’ notice and may cease offering products to us upon 180 days’ notice. Although we do
not consider the risk of interruption of supply to be a significant risk in the near term, if in the future, Mellanox Technologies
were to limit or reduce the sale of such components to us, or if these or other
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component suppliers, some of which are small companies, were to experience future financial difficulties or other problems
which could prevent them from supplying the necessary components, such events could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations. These sole source and other suppliers are each subject to quality and
performance risks, materials shortages, excess demand, reduction in capacity and other factors that may disrupt the flow of goods
to us or our customers, which thereby may adversely affect our business and customer relationships.
We have no guaranteed supply arrangements with our suppliers and there can be no assurance that our suppliers will
continue to meet our requirements. If our supply arrangements are interrupted, there can be no assurance that we would be able to
find another supplier on a timely or satisfactory basis. Any shortage or interruption in the supply of any of the components used in
our products, or the inability to procure these components from alternate sources on acceptable terms, could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. There can be no assurance that severe shortages of
components will not occur in the future. Such shortages could increase the cost or delay the shipment of our products, which
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Significant increases in the
prices of these components would also materially adversely affect our financial performance since we may not be able to adjust
product pricing to reflect the increase in component costs. We could incur set-up costs and delays in manufacturing should it
become necessary to replace any key vendors due to work stoppages, shipping delays, financial difficulties or other factors and,
under certain circumstances, these costs and delays could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Our international operation is subject to a number of risks.
We market and sell our products in certain international markets and we have established operations in the U.K. The
sale of our German operation in fiscal year 2018 is treated as discontinued operations in our 2018 financial statements. Foreign-
based revenue is determined based on the location to which the product is shipped or services are rendered and represented 8%
and 17% of our total revenue for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. If revenues generated by
foreign activities are not adequate to offset the expense of establishing and maintaining these foreign activities, our business,
financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In addition, there are certain risks inherent in
transacting business internationally, such as changes in applicable laws and regulatory requirements, export and import
restrictions, export controls relating to technology, tariffs and other trade barriers, longer payment cycles, problems in collecting
accounts receivable, political instability, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, expatriation controls and potential adverse tax
consequences, any of which could adversely impact the success of our international activities. In particular, it is possible activity
in the United Kingdom and the rest of Europe will be adversely impacted and that we will face increased regulatory and legal
complexities, including those related to tax, trade, and employee relations as a result of Brexit. A portion of our revenues are
from sales to foreign entities, including foreign governments, which are primarily paid in the form of foreign currencies. There
can be no assurance that one or more of such factors will not have a material adverse effect on our future international activities
and, consequently, on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Systems failures may disrupt our business and have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
Any systems failures, including network, software or hardware failures, whether caused by us, a third party service
provider, unauthorized intruders and hackers, computer viruses, natural disasters, power shortages or terrorist attacks, could cause
loss of data or interruptions or delays in our business or that of our clients and reputational harm as a security provider. Like
other companies, we have experienced cyber security threats to our data and systems, our company sensitive information, and our
information technology infrastructure, including malware and computer virus attacks, unauthorized access, systems failures and
temporary disruptions. We may experience similar security threats at customer sites that we operate and manage as a contractual
requirement. Prior cyber attacks directed at us have not had a material adverse impact on our business or our financial results,
and we believe that our continuing commitment toward threat detection and mitigation processes and procedures will avoid such
impact in the future. Due to the evolving nature of these security threats, however, the impact of any future incident cannot be
predicted.
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In addition, the failure or disruption of our email, communications or utilities could cause us to interrupt or suspend our
operations or otherwise harm our business. Our property and business interruption insurance may be inadequate to compensate us
for all losses that may occur as a result of any system or operational failure or disruption and, as a result, our actual results could
differ materially and adversely from those anticipated.
The systems and networks that we maintain for our clients, although highly redundant in their design, could also fail. If
a system or network we maintain were to fail or experience service interruptions, we might experience loss of revenue or face
claims for damages or contract termination. Our errors and omissions liability insurance may be inadequate to compensate us for
all the damages that we might incur and, as a result, our actual results could differ materially and adversely from those
anticipated.
We face competition that could adversely affect our sales and profitability.
The markets for our products are highly competitive and are characterized by rapidly changing technology, frequent
product performance improvements and evolving industry standards. Many of our competitors are substantially larger than we
are and have greater access to capital and human resources and in many cases price their products and services less than ours. In
addition, due to the rapidly changing nature of technology, new competitors may emerge. Competitors may be able to offer more
attractive pricing or develop products that could offer performance features that are superior to our products, resulting in reduced
demand for our products. Such competitors could have a negative impact on our ability to win future business opportunities.
There can be no assurance that a new competitor will not attempt to penetrate the various markets for our products and services.
Their entry into markets historically targeted by us could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Our business could be adversely affected by changes in budgetary priorities of the federal government.
Because we derive a significant percentage of our revenue from contracts with the federal government, changes in
federal government budgetary priorities could directly affect our financial performance. A significant decline in government
expenditures, a shift of expenditures away from programs that we support or a change in federal government contracting policies
could cause federal government agencies to reduce their purchases under contracts, to exercise their right to terminate contracts at
any time without penalty or not to exercise options to renew contracts.
In years when Congress does not complete its budget process before the end of its fiscal year (September 30),
government operations are funded through a continuing resolution ("CR") that temporarily funds federal agencies. Recent CRs
have generally provided funding at the levels provided in the previous fiscal year and have not authorized new spending
initiatives. When the federal government operates under a CR, delays can occur in the procurement of products and services.
Historically, such delays have not had a material effect on our business; however, should funding of the federal government by
CR be prolonged or extended, it could have significant consequences to our business and our industry.
Additionally, our business could be seriously affected if changes in DoD priorities reduces the demand for our services
on contracts supporting some operations and maintenance activities or if we experience an increase in set-asides for small
businesses, which could result in our inability to compete directly for contracts.
U.S. Federal government contracts contain numerous provisions that are unfavorable to us.
U.S. Federal government contracts contain provisions and are subject to laws and regulations that give the government
rights and remedies, some of which are not typically found in commercial contracts, including allowing the government to:
·
·
cancel multi-year contracts and related orders if funds for contract performance for any subsequent year become
unavailable;
claim rights in systems and software developed by us;
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·
·
·
suspend or debar us from doing business with the federal government or with a governmental agency;
impose fines and penalties and subject us to criminal prosecution; and
control or prohibit the export of our data and technology.
If the government terminates a contract for convenience, we may recover only our incurred or committed costs,
settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination. If the government terminates a contract for default,
we may be unable to recover even those amounts, and instead may be liable for excess costs incurred by the government in
procuring undelivered items and services from another source. Depending on the value of a contract, such termination could
cause our actual results to differ materially and adversely from those anticipated.
As is common with government contractors, we have experienced and continue to experience occasional performance
issues under certain of our contracts. Depending upon the value of the matters affected, a performance problem that impacts our
performance of a program or contract could cause our actual results to differ materially and adversely from those anticipated.
We may be unsuccessful in protecting our intellectual property rights which could result in the loss of a competitive
advantage.
Our ability to compete effectively against other companies in our industry depends, in part, on our ability to protect our
current and future proprietary technology under patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret and unfair competition laws. We cannot
assure that our means of protecting our proprietary rights in the United States or abroad will be adequate, or that others will not
develop technologies similar or superior to our technology or design around our proprietary rights. In addition, we may incur
substantial costs in attempting to protect our proprietary rights.
Also, despite the steps taken by us to protect our proprietary rights, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to
copy or reverse-engineer aspects of our products develop similar technology independently or otherwise obtain and use
information that we regard as proprietary and we may be unable to successfully identify or prosecute unauthorized uses of our
technology. Furthermore, with respect to our issued patents and patent applications, we cannot assure that patents from any
pending patent applications (or from any future patent applications) will be issued, that the scope of any patent protection will
exclude competitors or provide competitive advantages to us, that any of our patents will be held valid if subsequently challenged
or that others will not claim rights in or ownership of the patents (and patent applications) and other proprietary rights held by us.
If we become subject to intellectual property infringement claims, we could incur significant expenses and could be
prevented from selling specific products.
We may become subject to claims that we infringe the intellectual property rights of others in the future. We cannot
assure that, if made, these claims will not be successful. Any claim of infringement could cause us to incur substantial costs
defending against the claim even if the claim is invalid, and could distract management from other business. Any judgment
against us could require substantial payment in damages and could also include an injunction or other court order that could
prevent us from offering certain products.
Our need for continued or increased investment in research and development may increase expenses and reduce our
profitability.
Our industry is characterized by the need for continued investment in research and development. If we fail to invest
sufficiently in research and development, our products could become less attractive to potential customers and our business and
financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. As a result of the need to maintain or increase spending levels in
this area and the difficulty in reducing costs associated with research and development, our operating results could be materially
harmed if our research and development efforts fail to result in new products or if revenues fall below expectations. In addition,
as a result of our commitment to invest in research and development, spending levels of research and development expenses as
a percentage of revenues may fluctuate in the future.
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Our results of operations are subject to fluctuation from period to period and may not be an accurate indication of
future performance.
We have experienced fluctuations in operating results in large part due to the sale of products and services in relatively
large dollar amounts to a relatively small number of customers. Customers specify delivery date requirements that coincide with
their need for our products and services. Because these customers may use our products and services in connection with a variety
of defense programs or other projects with different sizes and durations, a customer’s orders for one quarter generally do not
indicate a trend for future orders by that customer. As such, we have not been able in the past to consistently predict when our
customers will place orders and request shipments so that we cannot always accurately plan our manufacturing, inventory, and
working capital requirements. As a result, if orders and shipments differ from what we predict, we may incur additional expenses
and build excess inventory, which may require additional reserves and allowances and reduce our working capital and operational
flexibility. Any significant change in our customers’ purchasing patterns could have a material adverse effect on our operating
results and reported earnings per share for a particular quarter. Thus, results of operations in any period should not be considered
indicative of the results to be expected for any future period.
High quarterly book-ship ratios may pressure inventory and cash flow management, necessitating increased inventory
balances to ensure quarterly revenue attainment. Increased inventory balances tie up additional capital, limiting our operational
flexibility. Some of our customers may have become conditioned to wait until the end of a quarter to place orders in the
expectation of receiving a discount. Customers conditioned to seek quarter-end discounts increase risk and uncertainty in our
financial forecasting and decrease our margins and profitability.
Our quarterly results may be subject to fluctuations resulting from a number of other factors, including:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
delays in completion of internal product development projects;
delays in shipping hardware and software;
delays in acceptance testing by customers;
a change in the mix of products sold to our served markets;
changes in customer order patterns;
production delays due to quality problems with outsourced components;
inability to scale quick reaction capability products due to low product volume;
shortages and costs of components;
the timing of product line transitions;
declines in quarterly revenues from previous generations of products following announcement of replacement
products containing more advanced technology;
inability to realize the expected benefits from acquisitions and restructurings, or delays in realizing such benefits;
potential asset impairment, including goodwill and intangibles, write-off of deferred tax assets or restructuring
charges; and
changes in estimates of completion on fixed price service engagements.
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In addition, from time to time, we have entered into contracts, referred to as development contracts, to engineer a
specific solution based on modifications to standard products. Gross margins from development contract revenues are typically
lower than gross margins from standard product revenues. We intend to continue to enter into development contracts and
anticipate that the gross margins associated with development contract revenues will continue to be lower than gross margins
from standard product sales.
Another factor contributing to fluctuations in our quarterly results is the fixed nature of expenditures on personnel,
facilities and marketing programs. Expense levels for these programs are based, in significant part, on expectations of future
revenues. If actual quarterly revenues are below management’s expectations, our results of operations will likely be adversely
affected. Further, the preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and changes in estimates in subsequent
periods could cause our results of operations to fluctuate.
Changes in regulations could materially adversely affect us.
Our business, results of operations, or financial condition could be materially adversely affected if laws, regulations, or
standards relating to us or our products are newly implemented or changed. In addition, our compliance with existing regulations
may have a material adverse impact on us. Under applicable federal securities laws, we are required to evaluate and determine the
effectiveness of our internal control structure and procedures. If we have a material weakness in our internal controls, our results
of operations or financial condition may be materially adversely affected or our stock price may decline.
If we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, we may not be able to recover successfully, which
could cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm, or legal liability.
If we experience a local or regional disaster or other business continuity problem, such as a hurricane, earthquake,
terrorist attack, pandemic or other natural or man-made disaster, our continued success will depend, in part, on the availability of
our personnel, our office facilities, and the proper functioning of our computer, telecommunication and other related systems and
operations. As we attempt to grow our operations, the potential for particular types of natural or man-made disasters, political,
economic or infrastructure instabilities, or other country- or region-specific business continuity risks increases.
If we suffer any data breaches involving the designs, schematics, or source code for our products or other sensitive
information, our business and financial results could be adversely affected.
We securely store our designs, schematics, and source code for our products as they are created. A breach, whether
physical, electronic or otherwise, of the systems on which this sensitive data is stored could lead to damage or piracy of our
products. If we are subject to data security breaches from external sources or from an insider threat, we may have a loss in sales or
increased costs arising from the restoration or implementation of additional security measures, either of which could adversely
affect our business and financial results. Other potential costs could include loss of brand value, incident response costs, loss of
stock market value, regulatory inquiries, litigation, and management distraction. In addition, a security breach that involved
classified information could subject us to civil or criminal penalties, loss of a government contract, loss of access to classified
information, or debarment as a government contractor. Similarly, a breach that involved loss of customer-provided data could
subject us to loss of a customer, loss of a contract, litigation costs and legal damages, and reputational harm.
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We need to continue to expend resources on research and development ("R&D") efforts, particularly our HPP segment,
to meet the needs of our customers. If we are unable to do so, our products could become less attractive to customers and our
business could be materially adversely affected.
Our industry requires a continued investment in R&D. As a result of our need to maintain or increase our spending
levels for R&D in this area and the difficulty in reducing costs associated with R&D, our operating results could be materially
harmed if our revenues fall below expectations. In addition, as a result of CSPI’s commitment to invest in R&D, spending as
a percent of revenues may fluctuate in the future. Further, if we fail to invest sufficiently in R&D or our R&D does not produce
competitive results, our products may become less attractive to our customers or potential customers, which could materially
harm our business and results of operations.
Our business could be adversely impacted if we have deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures or internal
controls over financial reporting.
Effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures are necessary for us to provide
reliable financial and other reports and effectively prevent fraud. These types of controls are designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the proper preparation of our financial statements, as well as
regarding the timely reporting of material information. If we cannot maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or
disclosure controls and procedures, or provide reliable financial statements or SEC reports or prevent fraud, investors may lose
confidence in our reported financial information, our common stock could be subject to delisting on the stock exchange where it
is traded, our operating results and the trading price of our common stock could suffer and we might become subject to litigation.
While our management will continue to review the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and
disclosure controls and procedures, there is no assurance that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over
financial reporting will be effective in accomplishing all control objectives, including the prevention and detection of fraud, all of
the time.
Our stock price may continue to be volatile
Historically, the market for technology stocks has been extremely volatile. Our common stock has experienced and may
continue to experience substantial price volatility. The following factors could cause the market price of our common stock to
fluctuate significantly:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
loss of a major customer;
loss of a major supplier;
the addition or departure of key personnel;
variations in our quarterly operating results;
announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, new products or product enhancements;
acquisitions, distribution partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
regulatory changes;
sales of our common stock or other securities in the future;
changes in market valuations of technology companies; and
fluctuations in stock market prices and volumes.
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In addition, the stock market in general and the NASDAQ Global Market and technology companies in particular, have
experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating
performance of such companies. These broad market and industry factors may materially adversely affect the market price of our
common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a
company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against such companies. If any shareholders were
to issue a lawsuit, we could incur substantial costs defending the lawsuit and the attention of management could be diverted.
Item 2. Properties
Listed below are our principal facilities as of September 30, 2019. Management considers all facilities listed below to be
suitable for the purpose(s) for which they are used, including manufacturing, research and development, sales, marketing, service
and administration.
Location
Principal Use
Division Headquarters
Sales, Marketing and
Administration
Owned
or
Leased
Approximate
Floor Area
Leased
11,815 S.F.
Sales, Marketing and
Leased
887 S.F.
Administration
Corporate Headquarters
Manufacturing, Sales,
Marketing and
Administration
Leased
13,515 S.F.
TS Segment Properties:
Modcomp, Inc.
1182 East Newport Center Drive
Deerfield Beach, FL 33442
Modcomp, Ltd.
Trinity Court, Molly Millars Lane
Wokingham, Berkshire
United Kingdom
HPP Segment Properties:
CSP Inc.
175 Cabot Street, Suite 210
Lowell, MA 01854
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
We are currently not a party to any material legal proceedings.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
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PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market information. Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol CSPI. The following
table provides the high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market for the periods
indicated.
2019
2018
Fiscal Year:
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Low High
High
$ 13.45 $
$ 11.92 $
$ 15.50 $ 10.30 $ 12.18 $
$ 15.18 $ 12.21 $ 14.87 $
8.78 $ 17.00 $ 10.60
9.31 $ 18.89 $ 10.41
8.75
9.71
Low
Stockholders. We had approximately 65 holders of record of our common stock as of December 3, 2019. This number
does not include stockholders for whom shares were held in a “nominee” or “street” name. We believe the number of beneficial
owners of our shares of common stock (including shares held in street name) at that date was approximately 1,450.
Dividends. For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company declared and paid cash dividends as
follows:
Fiscal Year
2018
2018
2018
2018
2019
2019
2019
2019
Amount Paid
Date Declared Record Date Date Paid
12/19/2017 12/29/2017 1/16/2018 $
2/28/2018 3/16/2018 $
2/12/2018
5/31/2018 6/15/2018 $
5/9/2018
8/31/2018 9/14/2018 $
8/13/2018
1/7/2019 1/22/2019 $
12/27/2018
2/28/2019 3/14/2019 $
2/12/2019
5/31/2019 6/14/2019 $
5/8/2019
8/30/2019 9/13/2019 $
8/7/2019
Per Share
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations and other portions of this
filing contain forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from
those anticipated by the forward-looking information. You should review the “Special Note Regarding Forward Looking
Statements” and “Risk Factors” sections of this annual report for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual
results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following
discussion and analysis. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related
notes included elsewhere in this filing.
Overview of Fiscal 2019 Results of Continuing Operations
Revenue increased by approximately $6.2 million, or 8%, to $79.1 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019
versus $72.9 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.
Our gross profit margin percentage decreased overall, from 25% of revenues for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2018 to 23% for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019.
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We generated an operating loss of approximately $0.8 million for fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 as compared to
an operating loss of approximately $1.6 million for fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.
On July 31, 2018, we completed the sale of all the outstanding stock of our Germany division of our TS segment. The
one time gain recorded due to the sale of all the stock of Modcomp GmbH was approximately $16.8 million. No income taxes
were provided as the transaction was a tax-free exchange in the U.K. The Modcomp GmbH’s results have been recorded as
discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations for all
periods presented.
The following table details our results of operations in dollars and as a percentage of sales for the fiscal years ended:
Sales
Costs and expenses:
Cost of sales
Engineering and development
Selling, general and administrative
Total costs and expenses
Operating loss
Other income
Loss before income taxes
Income tax (benefit) expense
Net loss from continuing operations
Gain on sale of discontinued operations
Net loss from discontinued operations
Total income from discontinued operations
Net (loss) income
Revenues
%
September 30, 2019 of sales September 30, 2018 of sales
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
%
$
79,061
100 % $
72,916
100 %
61,035
2,800
16,052
79,887
(826)
384
(442)
(71)
(371)
—
—
—
(371)
77 %
4 %
20 %
101 %
(1)%
— %
(1)%
— %
(1)%
— %
— %
— %
(1)% $
54,517
3,277
16,723
74,517
(1,601)
495
(1,106)
882
(1,988)
16,838
(410)
16,428
14,440
75 %
4 %
23 %
102 %
(2)%
1 %
(2)%
1 %
(3)%
23 %
(1)%
22 %
19 %
$
Revenue increased by approximately $6.2 million, or 8%, to $79.1 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019
versus $72.9 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. Our HPP segment revenue decreased by approximately $2.6
million primarily due to a decline of $1.7 million in royalty revenues, a decline of $0.2 million in Multicomputer service
revenues, and a decline of $1.6 million in Myricom product revenues, partially offset by a $0.9 million increase in Multicomputer
product revenues. Our TS segment revenue increased by approximately $8.7 million from an increase of $11.5 million in our U.S.
division, partially offset with a decrease of $2.8 million in our U.K. division.
TS segment revenue change by product and services lines for the fiscal years ended September 30 were as follows:
2019
2018
$
%
Increase
Products
Services
Total
$ 59,611 $ 52,647 $
11,548
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
6,964
1,758
8,722
9,790
$ 71,159 $ 62,437 $
13 %
18 %
14 %
The TS segment total revenue increased by approximately $8.7 million due to an increase of $11.5 million in our U.S.
division partially offset by a decrease of $2.8 million in our U.K. division. The $7.0 million increase in TS
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segment product revenue is attributed to an increase of $9.5 million in our U.S. division offset by a decrease of $2.5 million in our
U.K. division. The increase in our U.S. division was primarily associated with two major customers and the decrease in the U.K.
division was primarily associated with a decrease with one major customer. The $1.8 million service revenue increase is related to
an increase in the U.S. division of $2.0 million, partially offset by a decrease in the U.K. division of $0.2 million.
HPP segment revenue change by product and services lines for the fiscal years ended September 30 were as follows:
Products
Services
Total
Decrease
2019
2018
$
%
$
$
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
(608)
7,014 $
6,406 $
1,496
(1,969)
3,465
7,902 $ 10,479 $ (2,577)
(9)%
(57)%
(25)%
The decrease in HPP product revenues for the period of $0.6 million was primarily the result of an approximately $1.5
million decrease in Myricom product line shipments, partially offset by an increase in Multicomputer product line shipments of
approximately $0.9 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2018. The decrease in HPP services revenues of approximately $2.0 million for the period was primarily the result
of an approximately $1.7 million decrease in royalty revenues on high-speed processing boards related to the E2D program
during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.
Our total revenues by geographic area based on the location to which the products were shipped or services rendered
were as follows:
Americas
Europe
Asia
Totals
2019
%
2018
%
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Increase (Decrease)
$
%
$ 72,522
4,056
2,483
$ 79,061
92 % $ 60,458
10,325
5 %
2,133
3 %
100 % $ 72,916
83 % $ 12,064
(6,269)
14 %
350
3 %
6,145
100 % $
20 %
(61)%
16 %
8 %
The $12.1 million increase in the Americas revenues for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the
fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 is primarily due to increased revenues by our TS segment of approximately $15.2 million,
partially offset with decreased sales by our HPP segment of approximately $3.1 million. The $6.3 million decrease in Europe
revenue is primarily due to decreased sales by our UK division of approximately $5.5 million combined with a decrease by our
TS segment’s US division of approximately $0.3 million and a decrease in our HPP segment of approximately $0.5 million. The
decrease in sales to Europe is due to one large customer that had significantly lower activity for the year ended September 30,
2019 when compared to September 30, 2018. The $0.4 million increase in Asia is primarily the result of increased revenues by
our HPP segment of $1.1 million partially offset with a $0.7 million decrease in our TS segment.
Gross Margins
Our gross margins ("GM") decreased by approximately $0.4 million to $18.0 million in fiscal year 2019 as compared to
gross margins of $18.4 million in fiscal year 2018.
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The following table summarizes GM changes by segment for fiscal years 2019 and 2018:
2019
2018
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
GM%
GM$
Increase (Decrease)
GM$
GM%
GM%
20 % $ 12,262
52 %
6,137
23 % $ 18,399
20 % $
59 %
25 % $
1,627
(2,000)
(373)
— %
(7)%
(2)%
GM$
$ 13,889
4,137
$ 18,026
The impact of product mix within our TS segment on gross margins for the fiscal years ended September 30 was as
2019
2018
GM$
GM%
GM$
GM%
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Increase
GM$
GM%
$
7,462
6,427
$ 13,889
6,886
13 % $
56 %
5,376
20 % $ 12,262
13 % $
55 %
20 % $
576
1,051
1,627
— %
1 %
— %
TS
HPP
Total
follows:
Products
Services
Total
The overall TS segment gross margin as a percentage of sales remained the same in fiscal year 2019 when compared to
fiscal year 2018. The $0.6 million increase in our TS segment product gross margins resulted from an increase in product
revenues in the U.S. division, partially offset by a decrease in the U.K division. The $1.1 million increase in the TS segment
service gross margins primarily resulted from increased service revenues in the U.S. division.
The impact of product mix on gross margins within our HPP segment for the fiscal years ended September 30 was as
follows:
Products
Services
Total
2019
2018
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
GM%
GM$
Increase (Decrease)
GM$
GM%
GM$
GM%
$
$
2,719
1,418
4,137
42 % $
95 %
52 % $
2,775
3,362
6,137
40 % $
97 %
59 % $
(56)
(1,944)
(2,000)
2 %
(2)%
(7)%
The overall HPP segment gross margins as a percentage of sales decreased to 52% in fiscal year 2019 from 59% in
fiscal year 2018. The 7% decrease in gross margin as a percentage of sales in the HPP segment was primarily attributed to the
impact of a decrease of $1.7 million in high margin Multicomputer royalty revenues.
Engineering and Development Expenses
The following table details our engineering and development expenses by operating segment for the fiscal years ended
September 30, 2019 and 2018:
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
By Operating Segment:
TS
HPP
Total
For the Year ended September 30,
2019
% of
Total
2018
% of
Total
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
$ Decrease % Decrease
$
$
—
2,800
2,800
— % $
100 %
100 % $
—
3,277
3,277
— % $
100 %
100 % $
—
(477)
(477)
— %
(15)%
(15)%
Engineering and development expenses decreased by $0.5 million to $2.8 million for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2019 as compared to $3.3 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. The current fiscal year expenses
were primarily for product engineering expenses incurred in connection with the development of the new
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ARIA SDS cyber security products. The decreased engineering and development expenses for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2019 as compared to the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 is primarily attributed to a decrease in consulting
related expenses.
Selling, General and Administrative
The following table details our selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses by operating segment for
the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
By Operating Segment:
TS segment
HPP segment
Total
For the year ended September 30,
% of
Total
2019
% of
Total
2018
$ Increase % Increase
(Decrease) (Decrease)
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
$ 11,630
4,422
$ 16,052
72 % $ 11,086
28 % 5,637
100 % $ 16,723
66 % $
34 %
100 % $
544
(1,215)
(671)
5 %
(22)%
(4)%
For fiscal year 2019 compared to fiscal year 2018, the TS segment SG&A spending increase of approximately $0.5
million is substantially the result of an increase in our U.S. division of $1.2 million primarily attributed to variable selling
expenses and additional engineering and sales hires. This was partially offset by a $0.7 million decrease in the U.K. division
attributed to reduction in staff and variable compensation expense.
For fiscal year 2019 compared to fiscal year 2018, the HPP segment SG&A spending decrease of $1.2 million is
primarily attributed to decreases in expenses related to the sale of our German operations, audit expenses, and variable
compensation.
Other Income/Expenses
The following table details our other income/expenses for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
Interest expense
Interest income
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
Other income, net
Total other income (expense), net
For the year ended
September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018
(Amounts in thousands)
Increase
(Decrease)
$
$
(99) $
323
157
3
384 $
(85) $
20
263
297
495 $
(14)
303
(106)
(294)
(111)
The decrease to other income (expenses) for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the fiscal year
ended September 30, 2018 was primarily driven by a decrease in Other income, net of $0.3 million and a decrease of $0.1 million
foreign exchange gain (loss), partially offset by an increase of $0.3 million in interest income.
Income Taxes
The Company recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $71 thousand, which reflected an effective tax rate of
16.1% for the year ended September 30, 2019. The tax benefit includes an increase in the valuation allowance for net operating
losses for state income tax related in the High Performance Products segment where we also had a reversal of the uncertain tax
position of $54 thousand as that the statute of limitations have expired. For the year ended September 30, 2018, the income tax
expense was approximately $882 thousand, which reflected an effective tax rate of (79.7%). The impact of the Tax Reform Act,
which was recorded in fiscal year 2018, included remeasurement of the Company’s US deferred tax assets and liabilities to a
24.3% for current and 21% for the non-current portions resulted in
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a tax expense of approximately $588 thousand consisting of a reduction of the Company’s net deferred tax asset. The Company
recorded tax expense of approximately $771 thousand related to the deemed repatriation.
As of September 30, 2019, management assessed the positive and negative evidence in the U.S. operations, and
estimated that we will have sufficient future taxable income to utilize the existing deferred tax assets. Significant objective
positive evidence included the cumulative profits that we realized in recent fiscal years. This evidence enhances our ability to
consider other subjective evidence such as our projections for future growth. Other factors that we considered are the likelihood
for continued royalty income in future years, new product revenue from cyber security products, and our expectation that the TS
segment will continue to be profitable in future years. On the basis of this evaluation, as of September 30, 2019, we have
concluded that our U.S. deferred income tax asset related to net operating losses carryforward for the High Performance Products
segment is more likely than not to be realized except for certain state net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carry
forwards. We recorded a $235 thousand valuation allowance for certain state-related assets that are not likely to be realized. It
should be noted however, that the amount of the deferred tax asset not to be realized could be adjusted in future years, if estimates
of taxable income during the carryforward periods are increased, or if there is objective positive evidence in the form of
cumulative earnings.
We also continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against our U.K. deferred tax assets as we have
experienced cumulative losses and do not have any indication that the operation will be profitable in the future to an extent that
will allow us to utilize much of our net operating loss carryforwards. To the extent that actual experience deviates from our
assumptions, our projections would be affected and hence our assessment of realizability of our deferred tax assets may change.
Results of Discontinued Operations
CSPi LTD, a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, sold all of the outstanding stock of Modcomp GmbH to
Reply AG, an affiliate of Reply SpA, a holding company for a worldwide group of companies, on July 31, 2018 for $14.4 million
cash, and recognized a gain of $16.8 million. The divestiture of CSPi’s German operations and our increased cash position will
enable us to focus time and resources on our higher-margin and greater-potential growth opportunities. We are encouraged by the
traction of our managed services business in the U.S. and we intend to continue to invest and focus on our new ARIA SDS cyber
security products and to capitalize on the proliferation of our wireless service business. This divestiture of our German operations
is another positive step toward our future growth.
The following table is a summary of the operating results of the Germany division of our TS segment which have been
reflected as discontinued operations. See Note 2 for additional information.
Revenues
Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
Liquidity and Capital Resources
For the year ended
September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
— $
— $
18,365
(410)
Our primary source of liquidity is our cash and cash equivalents, which decreased by approximately $7 million to $18.1
million as of September 30, 2019 from $25.1 million as of September 30, 2018.
Significant sources of cash for the year ended September 30, 2019 included an increase in accounts payable and accrued
expenses of approximately $6.4 million, proceeds from debt of approximately $1.0 million, and a decrease in refundable income
taxes of approximately $0.6 million. More than offsetting these significant sources of cash were an increase in long term
receivables of approximately $5.3 million, an increase in other assets and deferred costs of approximately $3.1 million, an
increase in accounts receivable of approximately $2.1 million, and payment of dividends of approximately $2.5 million.
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Cash held by our foreign subsidiary in the United Kingdom totaled approximately $9.1 million as of
September 30, 2019, which consists of 3.1 million euros, 0.2 million British Pounds, and 5.9 million U.S. Dollars. This cash is
included in our total cash and cash equivalents reported above.
As of September 30, 2018, the Company maintained a line of credit that allows for borrowings of up to $1.0 million.
Availability under the facility was reduced by outstanding borrowings thereunder. The interest rates on outstanding borrowings
was London Inter-Bank Offer Rate ("LIBOR") plus 2.5%, with a floor of 4%. Borrowings under the credit agreements are
required to be repaid on demand in certain circumstances, upon termination of the agreements, or may be prepaid by the
Company without penalty. The Company had no amounts outstanding under the line of credit at September 30, 2018. This line of
credit closed during fiscal year 2019.
As of September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the Company also maintained an inventory line of credit that may be
used by the TS segment in the U.S. to purchase inventory from approved vendors with payment terms which exceed those offered
by the vendors. In fiscal year 2019, HPP gained access to this inventory line of credit, but did not use it. No interest accrues under
the inventory line of credit when advances are paid within terms, however, late payments are subject to an interest charge of
Prime plus 5%. The credit agreement for the inventory line of credit contains financial covenants which require the Company to
maintain the following TS segment-specific financial ratios: (1) a minimum current ratio of 1.2, (2) tangible net worth of no less
than $4.0 million, and (3) a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth of less than 5.0:1. As of September 30, 2019 and
September 30, 2018, Company borrowings under the inventory line of credit were $2.5 million and $3.2 million, respectively, and
the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
For more information, please refer to Note 16 - Lines of Credit, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements
contained in this annual report on Form 10‑K.
If cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy working capital requirements, we may need to access funds
through bank loans, the equity markets, or other means. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise any such capital on
terms acceptable to us, on a timely basis or at all. If we are unable to secure additional financing, we may not be able to complete
development or enhancement of products, take advantage of future opportunities, respond to competition or continue to
effectively operate our business.
Based on our current plans and business conditions, management believes that the Company’s available cash and cash
equivalents, the cash generated from operations and availability on our lines of credit will be sufficient to provide for the
Company’s working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the foreseeable future.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated
financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of
assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to uncollectible
receivables, inventory valuation, goodwill and intangibles, income taxes, deferred compensation, revenue recognition, retirement
plans, restructuring costs and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical performance and on various other assumptions
that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the
carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these
estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the
preparation of our consolidated financial statements: revenue recognition; valuation allowances, specifically the allowance for
doubtful accounts and net deferred tax asset valuation allowance; inventory valuation; intangibles; and pension and retirement
plans.
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Revenue Recognition
Effective October 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014‑09, Revenue from
Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the
transfer of promised goods or services to customers. See Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for effects of
initial adoption. The following reflects the accounting policy change for revenue starting on the date of adoption:
We derive revenue from the sale of integrated hardware and software, third-party service contracts, professional
services, managed services, financing of hardware and software, and other services.
We recognize revenue from hardware upon transfer of control, which is at a point in time typically upon shipment when
title transfers. Revenue from software is recognized at a point in time when the license is granted.
We recognize revenue from third-party service contracts as either gross sales or net sales depending on whether the
Company is acting as a principal party to the transaction or simply acting as an agent or broker based on control and timing. The
Company is a principal if it controls the good or service before that good or service is transferred to the customer. We record
revenue as gross when the Company is a principal party to the arrangement and net of cost when we are acting as a broker or
agent. Under gross sales recognition, the entire selling price is recorded in revenue and our cost to the third-party service provider
or vendor is recorded in cost of goods sold. Under net sales recognition, the cost to the third-party service provider or vendor is
recorded as a reduction to revenue resulting in net sales equal to the gross profit on the transaction. Third-party service contracts
are sold in different combinations with hardware, software, and services. We have determined the third-party services contracts
are a single performance obligation in each sale. When the Company is an agent, revenue is typically recorded at a point in time.
When the Company is the principal, revenue is recognized over the contract term.
Professional services generally include implementation, installation, and training services. Professional services are
considered a series of distinct services that form one performance obligation and revenue is recognized over time as services are
performed.
Revenue generated from managed services is recognized over the term of the contract. Certain managed services
contracts include financing of hardware and software. Revenues from arrangements which include financing are allocated
considering relative standalone selling prices of lease and non-lease components within the agreement. The lease components
include the hardware and software, which are subject to ASC 840. The non-lease component includes the managed services and is
subject to ASC 606.
Other services generally include revenue generated through our royalty, extended warranty, multicomputer repair, and
maintenance contracts. Royalty revenue is sales-based and recognized on date of subsequent sale of the product, which occurs on
the date of customer shipment. Revenue from extended warranty contracts is recognized evenly over the period of the warranty.
Multicomputer repair services revenue is recognized upon control transfer when the customer takes possession of the computer at
time of shipping. Revenue generated from maintenance services is recognized evenly over the term of the contract.
Variable consideration is immaterial. Any products sold with right to return exists with the manufacturer. Managed
service contracts contain the right to refund if canceled within 30 days of inception. Any products with a standard warranty are
treated as a warranty obligation under ASC 460, Guarantees.
The following policies are applicable to our major categories of segment revenue transactions:
TS Segment Revenue
TS Segment revenue is derived from the sale of hardware, software, professional services, third-party service contracts,
maintenance contracts, managed services, and financing of hardware and software. Financing revenue is
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recognized in accordance with ASC 840, Leases. Financing revenue is recorded in revenue as equipment leasing and is part of the
Company’s operations.
Third-party service contracts are evaluated to determine whether such service revenue should be recorded as gross sales
or net and whether over time or at point in time.
HPP Segment Revenue
HPP segment revenue is derived from the sale of integrated hardware and software, maintenance, and other services
through the Multicomputer and Myricom product lines.
Myricom revenue is derived from the sale of products, which are comprised of both hardware and embedded software
which is essential to the products functionality, and post contract maintenance and support. Post contract maintenance and support
is considered immaterial in the context of the contract and therefore is not a separate performance obligation.
Significant Judgments
The input method using labor hours expended relative to the total expected hours is used to recognize revenue for
professional services. Only the hours that depict the Company’s performance toward satisfying a performance obligation are used
for progress. An estimate for professional services is made at the beginning of each contract based on prior experience and
monitored throughout the services. This method is most appropriate as it depicts the measure of progress towards satisfaction of
the performance obligation.
When product and services are sold together, the allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation is
calculated using a budgeted cost-plus margin approach. Due to the complex nature of these contracts, there is significant
judgment in allocating the transaction price. These estimates are periodically reviewed by project managers, engineers, and other
staff involved to ensure estimates are appropriate. For items sold separately, including hardware, software, professional services,
maintenance contracts, other services, and third-party service contracts, there is no allocation performed as there is one
performance obligation.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
When the Company has performed work but does not have an unconditional right to payment, a contract asset is
recorded. When the Company has the right to bill a customer, accounts receivable is recorded as an unconditional right exists.
Contract liabilities arise when payment is received before the Company transfers a good or service to the customer.
Contract Costs
Incremental costs of obtaining a contract involving customer transactions where the revenue and the related transfer of
goods and services are less than a one-year period, are expensed as incurred, utilizing the practical expedient in ASC
340‑40‑25‑4. For a period greater than one year, incremental contract costs are capitalized if the Company expects to recover
these costs. These costs are only capitalized if the contract is obtained. The costs are amortized over the contract term and
expected renewal periods. The period of amortization is generally three to six years. Incremental costs are related to commissions
in the TS portion of the business.
Costs to fulfill a contract are capitalized when the costs are related to a contract or anticipated contract, generate or
enhance resources that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future, and costs are recoverable. Costs to fulfill a
contract are related to the TS portion of the business and involve activities performed before managed services can be completed.
Current capitalized fulfillment costs are in the account other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
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Other
Projects are typically billed upon completion or at certain milestones. Product and services are typically billed when
shipped or as services are being performed. Payment terms are typically 30 days to pay in full except in Europe where it could be
up to 90 days. There are certain contracts that do contain a financing component. See Note 3 for details. Most of the Company’s
contracts are less than one year. As a practical expedient, the Company has elected not to adjust the amount of consideration for
effects of a significant financing component when it is anticipated the promised good or service will be transferred and the
subsequent payment will be one year or less. The Company elected to use the optional exemption to not disclose the aggregate
amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that have an original expected duration of one year or less.
This is due to a low amount of performance obligations less than one year being unsatisfied at each period end. Most of these
contracts are related to product sales. The Company has certain contracts that have an original term of more than one year. The
royalty agreement is longer than one year and managed service contracts are generally longer than one year.
Product Warranty Accrual
Our product sales generally include a 90‑day to three-year hardware warranty. At time of product shipment, we accrue
for the estimated cost to repair or replace potentially defective products. Estimated warranty costs are based upon prior actual
warranty costs for substantially similar products.
Engineering and Development Expenses
Engineering and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation and other
headcount-related expenses associated with product development. Engineering and development expenses also include third-
party development and programming costs. We consider technological feasibility for our software products to be reached upon
the release of the software, accordingly, no internal software development costs have been capitalized.
Income Taxes
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts
of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax
rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax
assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. We also
reduce deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that
some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. This methodology requires estimates
and judgments in the determination of the recoverability of deferred tax assets and in the calculation of certain tax liabilities.
Valuation allowances are recorded against the gross deferred tax assets that management believes, after considering all available
positive and negative objective evidence, historical and prospective, with greater weight given to historical evidence, that it is
more likely than not that these assets will not be realized.
In addition, we are required to recognize in the consolidated financial statements, those tax positions determined to be
more-likely-than-not of being sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the positions as of the reporting
date. If a tax position is not considered more-likely-than-not to be sustained based solely on its technical merits, no benefits of the
position are recognized.
In addition, the calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of
complex tax regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions. The Company records liabilities for estimated tax obligations in the U.S.
and other tax jurisdictions. These estimated tax liabilities include the provision for taxes that may become payable in the future.
29
Table of Contents
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets that are not subject to amortization are also required to be tested annually, or more frequently if events
or circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. We did not have intangible assets with indefinite lives at any time
during the two years ended September 30, 2019. Intangible assets subject to amortization are amortized over their estimated
useful lives, generally three to ten years, and are carried at net book value. The remaining useful lives of intangible assets are
evaluated on an annual basis. Intangible assets subject to amortization are also tested for recoverability whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the fair value of an intangible asset
subject to amortization is determined to be less than its carrying value, then an impairment charge is recorded to write down that
asset to its fair value.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out method. The
recoverability of inventories is based upon the types and levels of inventories held, forecasted demand, pricing, competition and
changes in technology. We write down our inventory for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory equal to the
difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market
conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs
may be required.
Pension and Retirement Plans
The funded status of pension and other post-retirement benefit plans is recognized prospectively on the consolidated
balance sheet. Gains and losses, prior service costs and credits and any remaining transition amounts that have not yet been
recognized through pension expense will be recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, until they are
amortized as a component of net periodic pension/post-retirement benefits expense. Additionally, plan assets and obligations are
measured as of our fiscal year-end balance sheet date (September 30).
We have defined benefit and defined contribution plans in the U.K. and in the U.S. In the U.K., the Company provides
defined benefit pension plans for certain employees and former employees and defined contribution plans for the majority of the
employees. The defined benefit plans in the U.K. are closed to newly hired employees and have been for the two years ended
September 30, 2019. In the U.S., the Company provides defined contribution plans that cover most employees and supplementary
retirement plans to certain employees and former employees who are now retired. These supplementary retirement plans are also
closed to newly hired employees and have been for the two years ended September 30, 2019. These supplementary plans are
funded through whole life insurance policies. The Company expects to recover all insurance premiums paid under these policies
in the future, through the cash surrender value of the policies and any death benefits or portions thereof to be paid upon the death
of the participant. These whole life insurance policies are carried on the balance sheet at their cash surrender values as they are
owned by the Company and not assets of the defined benefit plans. In the U.S., the Company also provides for officer death
benefits and post-retirement health insurance benefits through supplemental post-retirement plans to certain officers. The
Company also funds these supplemental plans’ obligations through whole life insurance policies on the officers.
Pension expense is based on an actuarial computation of current future benefits using estimates for expected return on
assets, expected compensation increases and applicable discount rates. Management has reviewed the discount rates and rates of
return with our consulting actuaries and investment advisers and concluded they were reasonable. A decrease in the expected
return on pension assets would increase pension expense. Expected compensation increases are estimated based on historical and
expected increases in the future. Increases in estimated compensation increases would result in higher pension expense while
decreases would lower pension expense. Discount rates are selected based upon rates of return on high quality fixed income
investments currently available and expected to be available during the period to maturity of the pension benefit. A decrease in
the discount rate would result in greater pension expense while an increase in the discount rate would decrease pension expense.
30
Table of Contents
The Company funds its pension plans in amounts sufficient to meet the requirements set forth in applicable employee
benefits laws and local tax laws. Liabilities for amounts in excess of these funding levels are accrued and reported in the
consolidated balance sheets.
Inflation and Changing Prices
Management does not believe that inflation and changing prices had significant impact on sales, revenues or income
during fiscal years 2019 or 2018. There is no assurance that the Company’s business will not be materially and adversely affected
by inflation and changing prices in the future.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The consolidated financial statements are included herein.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Page
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
31
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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019. Our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer and other
members of our senior management team supervised and participated in this evaluation. The term “disclosure controls and
procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a
company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and
Exchange Commission’s ("SEC") rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and
procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under
the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and
principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that
any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their
objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and
procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019, the Company’s Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial
reporting. As defined in Rule 13a‑15(f) under the Exchange Act, internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by
or under the supervision of a company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by a company’s board of
directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. It includes those policies and procedures that:
·
·
·
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
dispositions of the assets of a company;
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of a
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and the board of directors of a
company; and
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or
disposition of a company’s assets that could have a material effect on its financial statements.
Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of
September 30, 2019. In making its assessment of internal control, management used the criteria described in “Internal Control-
Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations ("COSO") of the Treadway Commission. As a
result of its assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as
of September 30, 2019.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls
32
Table of Contents
may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may
deteriorate.
This Annual Report on Form 10‑K does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public
accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2019 was not subject to attestation by the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that call for the Company to provide only
management’s report in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
PART III
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the sections captioned “Nominees for Election”,
“Our Board of Directors”, “Our Executive Officers”, “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and
“Corporate Governance” in our Schedule 14A Proxy Statement for our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the
SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended September 30, 2019.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the sections captioned “Compensation of Executive
Officers” and “Compensation of Non-Employee Directors” in our Schedule 14A Proxy Statement for our 2020 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended September 30, 2019.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans.
The equity compensation plans approved by our stockholders consist of the CSP, Inc. 1997 Incentive Stock Option Plan,
the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, the 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP") and the 2015
Stock Incentive Plan. In fiscal 2019 and 2018, the Company granted to certain key employees, certain officers including its Chief
Executive Officer and non-employee directors’ shares of non-vested common stock instead of stock options. The vesting periods
for the key employees’, officers’, the Chief Executive Officer’s and the non-employee directors’ non-vested stock awards are
four years, three years and one year, respectively. The following
33
Table of Contents
table sets forth information as of September 30, 2019 regarding the total number of securities outstanding under these equity
compensation plans.
Plan Category
Equity compensation plans approved by
security holders
(a) (1)(2)
(b)
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
Weighted-average
exercise price of outstanding
stock options, warrants and
rights
(c)
Number of securities
remaining available for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding
securities reflected in column
(a))(3)
192,735 $
3.75
417,668
(1)
Includes 190,735 non-vested shares issued and 2,000 stock options issued.
(2) Does not include purchase rights under the ESPP, as the purchase price and number of shares to be purchased under the
ESPP are not determined until the end of the relevant purchase period.
(3)
Includes 320,715 shares available for future issuance under the stock incentive and stock option plans and 96,953 under the
ESPP.
We incorporate additional information required by this Item by reference to the section captioned “Security Ownership
of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in our Schedule 14A Proxy Statement for our 2020 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended September 30, 2019.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the section captioned “Corporate Governance” in
our Schedule 14A Proxy Statement for our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after
the end of our fiscal year ended September 30, 2019.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the sections captioned “Fees for Professional
Services” and “Pre-approval Policies and Procedures” in our Schedule 14A Proxy Statement for our 2020 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended September 30, 2019.
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) (1) Financial statements filed as part of this report:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
34
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2) Financial statement schedules
All other financial statements and schedules not listed have been omitted since the required information is included in
the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto included in Item 8, or is not applicable, material or required.
(3) Exhibits
Exhibit
No.
Description
3.1
3.2
10.1
10.2
10.3*
10.4*
10.5*
10.6*
10.7*
10.8*
10.9
10.10
10.11*
10.12*
10.13
Articles of Organization and amendments thereto
By-laws, as amended December 13, 2012
Form of Employee Invention and Non-Disclosure
Agreement
CSPI Supplemental Retirement Income Plan
2007 Stock Incentive Plan
2014 Variable Compensation (Executive Bonus) and Base
Programs dated November 12, 2013
Death Benefit and Retirement Benefit Agreement
between the Company and Victor Dellovo dated
September 13, 2013
Form of Change of Control Agreement with Gary W.
Levine dated January 11, 2008
2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
2015 Stock Incentive Plan
2015 Lowell, MA Lease
2015 Deerfield Beach, FL Lease
Executive Retention and Service Agreement with Victor
Dellovo, dated September 4, 2012
Forms of Employee Restricted Stock Award Agreement
Share Purchase and Assignment Agreement
Filed with
this Form
10‑‑K
Incorporated by Reference
Form
10‑K
10‑K
Filing Date
December 26, 2007
December 20, 2012
10‑K
10‑K
DEF 14A
November 22, 1996
December 29, 2008
March 30, 2007
Exhibit
No.
3.1
3.2
10.3
10.2
B
10‑K
December 23, 2014
10.10
10‑K
December 24, 2013
10‑K
DEF 14A
DEF 14RA
10‑K
10‑K
10‑Q
10‑Q
8‑K
December 23, 2010
January 6, 2014
January 25, 2019
December 24, 2015
December 24, 2015
February 14, 2018
February 14, 2018
June 27, 2018
10.11
10.11
A
A
10.21
10.20
10.1
10.2
2.1
31.2
31.1
21.1
23.1
Subsidiaries
Consent of RSM LLP, Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS
XBRL Instance
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Schema
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition
32.1
X
X
X
X
X
35
Table of Contents
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation
* Management contract or compensatory plan.
Item 16. Form 10‑‑K Summary
None.
36
Table of Contents
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
CSP INC.
By: /s/ Victor Dellovo
Victor Dellovo
Chief Executive Officer and President
Date: December 10, 2019
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the
following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Name
Title
Date
/s/ Victor Dellovo
Victor Dellovo
/s/ Gary W. Levine
Gary W. Levine
/s/ Mike Newbanks
Mike Newbanks
/s/ C. Shelton James
C. Shelton James
/s/ Raymond Charles Blackmon
Raymond Charles Blackmon
/s/ Marilyn T. Smith
Marilyn T. Smith
/s/ Izzy Azeri
Izzy Azeri
Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director
December 10, 2019
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Vice President of Finance
(Chief Accounting Officer)
December 10, 2019
December 10, 2019
Director
December 10, 2019
Director
December 10, 2019
Director
December 10, 2019
Director
December 10, 2019
37
Table of Contents
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of CSP Inc. and Subsidiaries
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CSP Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of
September 30, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and
cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements (collectively, the financial
statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company
as of September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission
and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error
or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial
reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for
the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ RSM US LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2007.
Boston, Massachusetts
December 10, 2019
38
Table of Contents
CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands, except par value)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $138 and $87
Unbilled accounts receivable
Investment in lease, net-current portion
Inventories
Refundable income taxes
Other current assets
Total current assets
Property, equipment and improvements, net
Other assets:
Intangibles, net
Investment in lease, net-less current portion
Long term receivable
Deferred income taxes
Cash surrender value of life insurance
Other assets
Total other assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Line of credit
Note payable - current portion
Deferred revenue
Pension and retirement plans
Total current liabilities
Pension and retirement plans
Note payable - noncurrent portion
Income taxes payable
Other noncurrent liabilities
Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock, $.01 par value per share; authorized, 7,500 shares; issued and outstanding 4,154 and 4,017
shares, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Total shareholders’ equity
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
September 30,
2019
September 30,
2018
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
18,099
15,114
—
367
7,818
487
4,649
46,534
1,273
37
417
5,328
1,946
3,718
116
11,562
59,369
16,175
2,459
317
741
335
20,027
6,904
684
694
632
28,941
25,107
11,980
1,166
246
7,558
480
1,878
48,415
847
48
564
—
1,895
3,441
65
6,013
55,275
9,277
3,247
—
1,197
340
14,061
6,168
—
709
535
21,473
42
15,733
27,246
(12,593)
30,428
59,369
$
40
14,661
29,926
(10,825)
33,802
55,275
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
39
CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands, except for per share data)
Table of Contents
Sales:
Product
Services
Total sales
Cost of sales:
Product
Services
Total cost of sales
Gross profit
Operating expenses:
Engineering and development
Selling, general and administrative
Total operating expenses
Operating loss
Other income (expense):
Foreign exchange gain
Other income, net
Total other income
Loss before income taxes
Income tax (benefit) expense
Net loss from continuing operations
Discontinued operations:
Gain from sale of discontinued operations
Loss from discontinued operations
Net income from discontinued operations
Net (loss) income
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders
Net loss from continuing operations per share – basic
Gain per share from sale of discontinued operations - basic
Net loss from discontinued operations per share – basic
Total income per share of discontinued operations - basic
Net (loss) income per share – basic
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic
Net loss from continuing operations per share – diluted
Gain per share from sale of discontinued operations - diluted
Net loss from discontinued operations per share – diluted
Total income per share of discontinued operations - diluted
Net (loss) income per share – diluted
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
40
For the year ended
September 30, September 30,
2019
2018
$
66,017 $
13,044
79,061
59,661
13,255
72,916
55,836
5,199
61,035
50,000
4,517
54,517
18,026
18,399
2,800
16,052
18,852
(826)
157
227
384
(442)
(71)
(371)
—
—
—
(371) $
(371) $
(0.09) $
— $
—
— $
(0.09) $
3,924
(0.09) $
— $
—
— $
(0.09) $
3,924
3,277
16,723
20,000
(1,601)
263
232
495
(1,106)
882
(1,988)
16,838
(410)
16,428
14,440
13,842
(0.52)
4.41
(0.11)
4.30
3.62
3,822
(0.52)
4.32
(0.11)
4.21
3.55
3,901
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Table of Contents
CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Amounts in thousands)
Net (loss) income
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized actuarial (loss) gain on minimum pension liability, net of tax effect
Foreign currency translation loss adjustments
Other comprehensive loss
Total comprehensive (loss) income
For the Year Ended
September 30, September 30,
2019
2018
$
(371) $
14,440
(1,003)
(765)
(1,768)
(2,139) $
470
(1,132)
(662)
13,778
$
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
41
Table of Contents
CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Year Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
(Amounts in thousands)
For the year ended September 30, 2018:
Balance as of September 30, 2017
Comprehensive income:
Net income
Other comprehensive loss
Exercise of stock options
Stock-based compensation
Restricted stock cancellation
Restricted stock issuance
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase
plan
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.48 per
share)
Balance as of September 30, 2018
For the year ended September 30, 2019:
Balance as of September 30, 2018
Comprehensive income:
Adoption of ASU 2014-09 (see note 1)
Net loss
Other comprehensive loss
Exercise of stock options
Stock-based compensation
Restricted stock cancellation
Restricted stock issuance
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase
plan
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.60 per
share)
Balance as of September 30, 2019
Additional
Accumulated
other
Total
Shares Amount Capital
Earnings
3,935 $
40 $ 13,717 $ 17,407 $
loss
(10,163) $
Equity
21,001
Paid-in Retained comprehensive Shareholders’
—
—
5
—
—
54
23
—
4,017 $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
22
691
—
—
231
14,440
—
—
—
—
—
—
(662)
—
—
—
—
14,440
(662)
22
691
—
—
—
—
231
—
40 $ 14,661 $ 29,926 $
(1,921)
—
—
(10,825) $
(1,921)
33,802
Additional
Accumulated
other
Total
Shares Amount Capital
Earnings
4,017 $
40 $ 14,661 $ 29,926 $
loss
(10,825) $
Equity
33,802
Paid-in Retained comprehensive Shareholders’
—
—
—
1
—
(3)
108
31
—
4,154 $
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
—
—
—
3
792
—
—
158
(371)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(1,768)
—
—
—
—
158
(371)
(1,768)
3
792
—
1
1
277
—
—
278
—
42 $ 15,733 $ 27,246 $
(2,467)
—
—
(12,593) $
(2,467)
30,428
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
42
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CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
Cash flows used in operating activities:
Net loss from continuing operations
Net income from discontinued operations
Net (loss) income
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation
Amortization of intangibles
Loss on disposal of property, equipment and improvements
Gain on sale of discontinued operations
Foreign exchange gain
Non-cash changes in accounts receivable
Non-cash changes in inventories
Stock-based compensation expense on stock options and restricted stock awards
Deferred income taxes
(Increase) decrease in cash surrender value of life insurance
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable
Decrease (increase) in life insurance receivable
Increase in inventories
Decrease (increase) in refundable income taxes
Increase in other assets and deferred costs
Decrease (increase) in investment in lease
Increase in long term receivable
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses
Increase in deferred revenue
Decrease in pension and retirement plans liabilities
(Decrease) increase in income taxes payable
(Decrease) increase in other long term liabilities
Net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations
Net cash provided by operating activities of discontinued operations
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Cash flows used in investing activities:
Life insurance premiums paid
Proceeds from sale of discontinued operations
Purchases of property, equipment and improvements
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities of continuing operations
Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Cash flows used in financing activities:
Dividends paid
Net borrowings under line-of-credit agreement
Proceeds from debt
Principal payments on capital leases
Proceeds from issuance of shares under equity compensation plans
Net cash used in financing activities
Effects of exchange rate on cash
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
Supplementary cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes
Cash paid for interest
Supplementary non-cash financing and investing activities:
Non-cash purchases of property and equipment
For the year ended
September 30,
2019
September 30,
2018
$
$
$
$
$
$
(371)
—
(371)
405
11
—
—
(157)
53
503
792
(209)
(134)
(2,128)
256
(777)
585
(3,091)
26
(5,328)
7,232
(244)
(353)
(500)
100
(3,329)
—
(3,329)
(144)
—
(832)
(976)
—
(976)
(2,467)
(788)
1,001
(276)
280
(2,250)
(453)
(7,008)
25,107
18,099
52
68
141
$
$
$
$
$
$
(1,988)
16,428
14,440
506
119
4
(16,838)
(263)
(38)
555
691
173
9
5,191
(256)
(2,562)
(654)
(522)
(810)
—
(2,538)
262
(120)
464
576
(1,611)
4,491
2,880
(150)
14,387
(438)
13,799
(154)
13,645
(1,921)
137
—
(70)
253
(1,601)
(238)
14,686
10,421
25,107
900
73
865
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Organization and Business
CSP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 AND 2018
CSP Inc. ("CSPi" or "CSPI" or "the Company" or "we" or "our") was founded in 1968 and is based in Lowell,
Massachusetts. To meet the diverse requirements of commercial and defense customers worldwide, CSPI and its subsidiaries
develop and market IT integration solutions, advanced security products, managed IT services, purpose built network adapters,
and high-performance cluster computer systems. The Company operates in two segments, its High Performance Products ("HPP")
segment and its Technology Solutions ("TS") segment.
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant inter-
company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with
the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.
Foreign Currency Translation
The U.S. Dollar is the reporting currency for all periods presented. The financial information for entities outside the
United States is measured using the local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign
operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are
translated at average rates in effect during the period. The resulting translation adjustment is reflected as accumulated other
comprehensive loss, a separate component of shareholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheets. Currency transaction gains
and losses are recorded as other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.
Cash Equivalents
For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, highly liquid investments with original maturities of
three months or less at the time of acquisition are considered cash equivalents.
Research and Development Expense
For the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, our expenses for research and development were approximately $2.8
million and $3.3 million, respectively. Expenditures for research and development are expensed as they are incurred.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets, including intangible assets subject to amortization, for impairment whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Management assesses
the recoverability of the long-lived assets (other than goodwill) by comparing the estimated undiscounted cash flows associated
with the related asset or group of assets against their respective carrying amounts. The amount of impairment, if any, is calculated
based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Intangible assets that are not subject to amortization
are also required to be tested annually, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. We
did not have intangible assets with indefinite lives at any time during the two years ended September 30, 2019. Intangible assets
subject to amortization are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, generally three to ten years, and are
carried at net book value. The remaining useful lives of intangible assets are evaluated on an annual basis. Intangible assets
subject to amortization are
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also tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be
recoverable. If the fair value of an intangible asset subject to amortization is determined to be less than its carrying value, then an
impairment charge is recorded to write down that asset to its fair value.
Investment in lease, net
A lease receivable for equipment is recorded at lease inception, which includes future minimum lease payments at
present value using the implicit interest rate, net of unearned interest income. Interest income is recognized on a monthly basis
utilizing the effective-interest method. Interest income is recorded in revenue as equipment leasing is part of the Company’s
central operations.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out
method. The recoverability of inventories is based upon the types and levels of inventories held, forecasted demand, pricing,
competition and changes in technology. We write down our inventory for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory
equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future
demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional
inventory write-downs may be required. As of September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, the Company maintained inventory
reserves of $3.8 million and $3.3 million, respectively.
Property, Equipment and Improvements
The components of property, equipment and improvements are stated at cost. The Company provides for depreciation by
use of the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets (three to seven years). Leasehold improvements
are amortized by use of the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term. Repairs
and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Property, equipment and improvements are tested for recoverability whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the fair value of property,
equipment and improvements is determined to be less than their carrying value, then an impairment charge is recorded to write
down that asset to its fair value.
Trade Accounts Receivable, Long Term Receivable, and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Trade accounts receivable are stated at amounts that have been billed to customers less an allowance for doubtful
accounts. Allowances for doubtful accounts are recorded for the estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to
make required payments. The estimates for the allowance for doubtful accounts are based on the length of time the receivables are
past due, current business environment, and our historical experience. If the financial condition of our customers were to
deteriorate, resulting in impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. Accounts
receivable are charged off against the reserve when management has determined they are uncollectible. Within trade accounts
receivable and long-term receivable are financing agreements with an original payment term of greater than one year. Interest
income earned on these receivables is recognized using the effective interest method. See Note 3 Accounts and Long Term
Receivables.
Pension and Retirement Plans
The funded status of pension and other postretirement benefit plans is recognized on the consolidated balance sheet.
Gains and losses, prior service costs and credits and any remaining transition amounts that have not yet been recognized through
pension expense will be recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, until they are amortized as a component
of net periodic pension/postretirement benefits expense. Additionally, plan assets and obligations are measured as of our
fiscal year-end balance sheet date (September 30).
We have defined benefit and defined contribution plans in the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) and in the U.S. In the U.K.
the Company provides defined benefit pension plans for certain employees and former employees and defined contribution plans
for the majority of the employees. The defined benefit plan in the U.K. is closed to newly hired
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employees and has been for the two years ended September 30, 2019. In the U.S., the Company also provides defined
contribution plans that cover most employees and supplementary retirement plans to certain employees and former employees
who are now retired. These supplementary retirement plans are also closed to newly hired employees and have been for the
two years ended September 30, 2019. These supplementary plans are funded through whole life insurance policies. The Company
expects to recover all insurance premiums paid under these policies in the future, through the cash surrender value of the policies
and any death benefits or portions thereof to be paid upon the death of the participant. These whole life insurance policies are
carried on the balance sheet at their cash surrender values as they are owned by the Company and not assets of the defined benefit
plans. In the U.S., the Company also provides for officer death benefits and post-retirement health insurance benefits through
supplemental post-retirement plans to certain officers. The Company also funds these supplemental plans’ obligations through
whole life insurance policies on the officers.
Pension expense is based on an actuarial computation of current future benefits using estimates for expected return on
assets, expected compensation increases and applicable discount rates. Management has reviewed the discount rates and rates of
return with our consulting actuaries and investment advisor and concluded they were reasonable. A decrease in the expected
return on pension assets would increase pension expense. Expected compensation increases are estimated based on historical and
expected increases in the future. Increases in estimated compensation increases would result in higher pension expense while
decreases would lower pension expense. Discount rates are selected based upon rates of return on high quality fixed income
investments currently available and expected to be available during the period to maturity of the pension benefit. A decrease in
the discount rate would result in greater pension expense while an increase in the discount rate would decrease pension expense.
The Company funds its pension plans in amounts sufficient to meet the requirements set forth in applicable employee
benefits laws and local tax laws. Liabilities for amounts in excess of these funding levels are accrued and reported in the
consolidated balance sheets.
Segment Information
We have two operating segments; (i) High Performance Products ("HPP") and (ii) Technology Solutions ("TS"). In the
HPP segment, we design, manufacture and deliver products and services to customers that require specialized cyber security
services, networking and signal processing products. In the TS segment, we focus on value added reseller ("VAR") integrated
solutions including third party hardware, software and technical computer-related consulting and managed services. The
operations and assets of our HPP segment are located in the United States. The operations and assets of our TS segment are
located in the United States and the United Kingdom.
Revenue Recognition
Effective October 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014‑09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which
requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or
services to customers. See below for effects of initial adoption. The following reflects the accounting policy change for revenue
starting on the date of adoption:
We derive revenue from the sale of integrated hardware and software, third-party service contracts, professional
services, managed services, financing of hardware and software, and other services.
We recognize revenue from hardware upon transfer of control, which is at a point in time typically upon shipment when
title transfers. Revenue from software is recognized at a point in time when the license is granted.
We recognize revenue from third-party service contracts as either gross sales or net sales depending on whether the
Company is acting as a principal party to the transaction or simply acting as an agent or broker based on control and timing. The
Company is a principal if it controls the good or service before that good or service is transferred to the customer. We record
revenue as gross when the Company is a principal party to the arrangement and net of cost when we are acting as a broker or
agent. Under gross sales recognition, the entire selling price is recorded in revenue and our cost to the third-party service provider
or vendor is recorded in cost of goods sold. Under net sales recognition, the cost
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to the third-party service provider or vendor is recorded as a reduction to revenue resulting in net sales equal to the gross profit on
the transaction. Third-party service contracts are sold in different combinations with hardware, software, and services. We have
determined the third-party services contracts are a single performance obligation in each sale. When the Company is an agent,
revenue is typically recorded at a point in time. When the Company is the principal, revenue is recognized over the contract term.
Professional services generally include implementation, installation, and training services. Professional services are
considered a series of distinct services that form one performance obligation and revenue is recognized over time as services are
performed.
Revenue generated from managed services is recognized over the term of the contract. Certain managed services
contracts include financing of hardware and software. Revenues from arrangements which include financing are allocated
considering relative standalone selling prices of lease and non-lease components within the agreement. The lease components
include the hardware and software, which are subject to ASC 840. The non-lease component includes the managed services and is
subject to ASC 606.
Other services generally include revenue generated through our royalty, extended warranty, multicomputer repair, and
maintenance contracts. Royalty revenue is sales-based and recognized on date of subsequent sale of the product, which occurs on
the date of customer shipment. Revenue from extended warranty contracts is recognized evenly over the period of the warranty.
Multicomputer repair services revenue is recognized upon control transfer when the customer takes possession of the computer at
time of shipping. Revenue generated from maintenance services is recognized evenly over the term of the contract.
Variable consideration is immaterial. The right of return risk lies with the original manufacturer of the product. Managed
service contracts contain the right to refund if canceled within 30 days of inception. Any products with a standard warranty are
treated as a warranty obligation under ASC 460, Guarantees.
The following policies are applicable to our major categories of segment revenue transactions:
TS Segment Revenue
TS Segment revenue is derived from the sale of hardware, software, professional services, third-party service contracts,
maintenance contracts, managed services, and financing of hardware and software. Financing revenue is recognized in accordance
with ASC 840, Leases. Financing revenue is recorded in revenue as equipment leasing and is part of the Company’s operations.
Third-party service contracts are evaluated to determine whether such service revenue should be recorded as gross or net
sales and whether over time or at point in time.
HPP Segment Revenue
HPP segment revenue is derived from the sale of integrated hardware and software, maintenance, and other services
through the Multicomputer and Myricom product lines.
Myricom revenue is derived from the sale of products, which are comprised of both hardware and embedded software
which is essential to the products functionality, and post contract maintenance and support. Post contract maintenance and support
is considered immaterial in the context of the contract and therefore is not a separate performance obligation.
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See disaggregated revenues below by products/services and geography.
For the year ended September 30,
2019
Sales:
Product
Service
Finance *
Total sales
High
Performance
Products
Segment
Technology Solutions Segment
United
Kingdom
U.S.
(Amounts in thousands)
Total
Consolidated
Total
$
6,406 $ 4,936 $ 54,540 $ 59,476 $
1,496
—
11,548
135
11,168
135
380
—
$
7,902 $ 5,316 $ 65,843 $ 71,159 $
65,882
13,044
135
79,061
* Finance revenue is related to equipment leasing and is not subject to the guidance on revenue from contracts with customers
(ASC 606).
Significant Judgments
The input method using labor hours expended relative to the total expected hours is used to recognize revenue for
professional services. Only the hours that depict the Company’s performance toward satisfying a performance obligation are used
for progress. An estimate for professional services is made at the beginning of each contract based on prior experience and
monitored throughout the services. This method is most appropriate as it depicts the measure of progress towards satisfaction of
the performance obligation.
When product and services are sold together, the allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation is
calculated using a budgeted cost-plus margin approach. Due to the complex nature of these contracts, there is significant
judgment in allocating the transaction price. These estimates are periodically reviewed by project managers, engineers, and other
staff involved to ensure estimates are appropriate. For items sold separately, including hardware, software, professional services,
maintenance contracts, other services, and third-party service contracts, there is no allocation performed as there is one
performance obligation.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
When the Company has performed work but does not have an unconditional right to payment, a contract asset is
recorded. When the Company has the right to bill a customer, accounts receivable is recorded as an unconditional right exists.
Current contract assets were $0.6 million and $1.1 million as of September 30, 2019 and October 1, 2018, respectively. The
current portion is recorded in other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. There were no non-current contract assets
as of September 30, 2019 and October 1, 2018. The difference in the balances is due to regular timing differences between when
work is performed and having an unconditional right to payment.
Contract liabilities arise when payment is received before the Company transfers a good or service to the customer.
Current contract liabilities were $0.7 million and $0.9 million as of September 30, 2019 and October 1, 2018, respectively. The
current portion of contract liabilities is recorded in deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheets. The long-term portion of
contract liabilities were $0.3 million as of September 30, 2019. There were none at October 1, 2018. These non-current liabilities
are recorded in other noncurrent liabilities. Revenue recognized for the year ended September 30, 2019 that was included in
contract liabilities as of the beginning of the period was $0.8 million.
Contract Costs
Incremental costs of obtaining a contract involving customer transactions where the revenue and the related transfer of
goods and services are less than a one-year period, are expensed as incurred, utilizing the practical expedient in ASC
340‑40‑25‑4. For a period greater than one year, incremental contract costs are capitalized if the Company
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expects to recover these costs. These costs are only capitalized if the contract is obtained. The costs are amortized over the
contract term and expected renewal periods. The period of amortization is generally three to six years. Incremental costs are
related to commissions in the TS portion of the business. Current capitalized contract costs are within the account other current
assets on the consolidated balance sheets for the periods ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018. The portion of
current capitalized costs was $85 thousand and $71 thousand as of September 30, 2019 and October 1, 2018, respectively. There
are no non-current capitalized costs on the consolidated balance sheets. The amount of incremental costs amortized for the year
ended September 30, 2019 was $235 thousand, which is recorded in selling, general, and administrative expenses. There was no
impairment related to incremental costs capitalized during the year ended September 30, 2019.
Costs to fulfill a contract are capitalized when the costs are related to a contract or anticipated contract, generate or
enhance resources that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future, and costs are recoverable. Costs to fulfill a
contract are related to the TS portion of the business and involve activities performed before managed services can be completed.
Current capitalized fulfillment costs are in the account other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The portion of
current capitalized costs was $47 thousand and $60 thousand as of September 30, 2019 and October 1, 2018, respectively. There
are no non-current capitalized fulfillment costs on the consolidated balance sheets. The amount of fulfillment costs amortized for
year ended September 30, 2019 was $13 thousand, which is recorded in cost of sales. There was no impairment related to
fulfillment costs capitalized.
Other
Projects are typically billed upon completion or at certain milestones. Product and services are typically billed when
shipped or as services are being performed. Payment terms are typically 30 days to pay in full except in Europe where it could be
up to 90 days. Most of the Company’s contracts are less than one year. As a practical expedient, the Company has elected not to
adjust the amount of consideration for effects of a significant financing component when it is anticipated the promised good or
service will be transferred and the subsequent payment will be one year or less. There are certain contracts that do contain a
financing component. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. The Company elected to use
the optional exemption to not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that
have an original expected duration of one year or less. This is due to a low amount of performance obligations less than one year
being unsatisfied at each period end. Most of these contracts are related to product sales.
The Company has certain contracts that have an original term of more than one year. The royalty agreement is longer
than one year and managed service contracts are generally longer than one year. For these contracts the aggregate amount of the
transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of September 30, 2019 is
mainly related to managed service contracts and is set forth in the table below:
Fiscal 2020
Fiscal 2021
Fiscal 2022
Fiscal 2023
Product Warranty Accrual
(Amounts in thousands)
2,019
$
1,033
300
60
3,412
$
Our product sales generally include a hardware warranty which ranges from 90‑days to three-years. At time of product
shipment, we accrue for the estimated cost to repair or replace potentially defective products. Estimated warranty costs are based
upon prior actual warranty costs for substantially similar products.
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Engineering and Development Expenses
Engineering and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation and other
headcount-related expenses associated with product development. Engineering and development expenses also include third-party
development and programming costs. We consider technological feasibility for our software products to be reached upon the
release of the software, accordingly, no internal software development costs have been capitalized.
Income Taxes
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts
of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax
rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax
assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. We also
reduce deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that
some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. This methodology requires estimates
and judgments in the determination of the recoverability of deferred tax assets and in the calculation of certain tax liabilities.
Valuation allowances are recorded against the gross deferred tax assets that management believes, after considering all available
positive and negative objective evidence, historical and prospective, with greater weight given to historical evidence, that it is
more likely than not that these assets will not be realized.
In addition, we are required to recognize in the consolidated financial statements, those tax positions determined to be
more-likely-than-not of being sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the positions as of the reporting
date. If a tax position is not considered more-likely-than-not to be sustained based solely on its technical merits, no benefits of the
position are recognized.
In addition, the calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of
complex tax regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions. The Company records liabilities for estimated tax obligations in the U.S.
and other tax jurisdictions. These estimated tax liabilities include the provision for taxes that may become payable in the future.
Earnings per Share of Common Stock
Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the
weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per common share reflects the
maximum dilution that would have resulted from the assumed exercise and share repurchase related to dilutive stock options and
is computed by dividing net income by the assumed weighted average number of common shares outstanding.
We are required to present earnings per share ("EPS") utilizing the two class method because we had outstanding, non-
vested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, which are considered
participating securities.
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Basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the Company’s reported net income attributable to common
stockholders are as follows:
Loss from continuing operations
Gain from sale of discontinued operations
Loss from discontinued operations
Total income from discontinued operations
Net (loss) income
Less: net income attributable to nonvested common stock
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders
Weighted average total shares outstanding – basic
Less: weighted average non–vested shares outstanding
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic
Potential common shares from non–vested stock awards and the assumed exercise
of stock options
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted
Net loss from continuing operations per share – basic
Net income from discontinued operations per share – basic
Net (loss) income share – basic
Net (loss) from continuing operations per share – diluted
Net income from discontinued operations per share – diluted
Net (loss) income per share – diluted
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
For the years ended
September 30, 2018
September 30, 2019
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
(371) $
—
—
—
(371)
—
(371) $
3,924
—
3,924
—
3,924
(0.09) $
— $
(0.09) $
(0.09) $
— $
(0.09) $
(1,988)
16,838
(410)
16,428
14,440
598
13,842
3,987
165
3,822
79
3,901
(0.52)
4.30
3.62
(0.52)
4.21
3.55
All anti-dilutive securities, including stock options, are excluded from the diluted income per share computation. Non-
vested restricted stock awards of 165,000 shares were excluded from net income per share for the year ended September 30, 2018,
and their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Stock-Based Compensation
We measure and recognize compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors
including stock options and nonvested shares of restricted common stock based on estimated fair values of stock-based payment
awards on the date of grant. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of stock option
grants. The fair value of nonvested restricted share awards is equal to the quoted market price of our common stock as quoted on
the Nasdaq Global Market on the date of grant. The fair value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is
recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Because stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal years
ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for
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estimated forfeitures and will be revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
Stock-based compensation expense recognized for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 consisted of
options and restricted stock granted pursuant to the Company’s stock incentive and employee stock purchase plans of
approximately $0.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with several financial institutions in the U.S. and the U.K. Deposits held with
banks may exceed the amount of insurance on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand. The
Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and
cash equivalents.
Subsequent Events
The Company recognizes in the consolidated financial statements the effects of all subsequent events that provide
additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the statement of financial position, including the estimates inherent
in the process of preparing financial statements. The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date of this filing.
Accounting standards recently adopted
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2014‑09, Revenue from Contracts with
Customers (ASC 606), which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the
transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The standard outlines a five-step model whereby revenue is recognized as
performance obligations within a contract are satisfied. The standard also requires new, expanded disclosures regarding revenue
recognition. The ASU replaces most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP. The new standard was adopted by the
Company effective October 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach only to contracts that were not completed as of
adoption date. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initial application as an adjustment to the opening balance of
retained earnings. This resulted in an increase of $158 thousand to retained earnings as of October 1, 2018. This was primarily
due to revenue related to customer support in the HPP segment no longer being deferred, which resulted in a decrease of deferred
revenue as part of the cumulative effect. Additionally, revenue from software sales is no longer being deferred under ASC 606 as
recognition is now when control transfers to the customer. There were no previous period financial statement adjustments.
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The effects of ASC 606 adoption for the Company for the condensed consolidated statements of operations and balance sheet
are as follows:
Total sales
Total cost of sales
Gross profit
Operating loss
Income tax benefit
Net loss
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
Assets:
Accounts receivable
Unbilled accounts receivable
Inventories
Other current assets
Deferred tax asset
Liabilities:
Deferred revenue
Shareholders' Equity:
Retained Earnings
Year ended September 30, 2019
(Amounts in thousands, except per share
amounts)
Balances
without
adoption of
As
Effect of
change
Higher/
(Lower)
Reported ASC 606
79,061 $
$
61,035
18,026
(826)
(71)
(371)
(371) $
(0.09) $
(0.09) $
78,563 $
60,567
17,996
(856)
(76)
(396)
(396) $
(0.10) $
(0.10) $
$
$
$
498
468
30
30
5
25
25
0.01
0.01
As of September 30, 2019
(Amounts in thousands)
Balances
without
adoption of
As
Effect of
change
Higher/
(Lower)
Reported ASC 606
$
15,114 $
—
7,818
4,649
1,946
14,929 $
565
8,484
4,069
2,000
185
(565)
(666)
580
(54)
$
741 $
1,444 $
(703)
$
27,246 $
27,063 $
183
In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10), which included updates to
the recognition and measurement of financial assets and liabilities. It also modified the disclosure requirements, which are
reflected in Note 19. The new standard was adopted by the Company effective October 1, 2018 and did not have a material
impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, an
amendment of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This ASU will reduce diversity in practice for classifying cash
payments and receipts in the statement of cash flows for a number of common transactions. It will also clarify when identifiable
cash flows should be separated versus classified based on their predominant source or use. This ASU is effective for public
business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption
is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any
adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. An entity that elects early
adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period. The new standard was adopted by the Company effective
October 1, 2018 and did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, an amendment
of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This ASU requires the seller and buyer to recognize at the transaction date the
current and deferred income tax consequences of intercompany asset transfers (except transfers of
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inventory). Under current GAAP, the seller and buyer defer the consolidated tax consequences of an intercompany asset transfer
from the period of the transfer to a future period when the asset is transferred out of the consolidated group, or otherwise affects
consolidated earnings. This standard will cause volatility in companies’ effective tax rates, particularly for those that transfer
intangible assets to foreign subsidiaries. For public entities, the new standard is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2017. An entity may early adopt the standard but only at the beginning of an annual period
for which it has not issued or made available for issuance financial statements (interim or annual). The new standard was adopted
by the Company effective October 1, 2018 and did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations Clarifying the Definition of a Business (Topic 805)
(“ASU No. 2017-01”). ASU 2017-01 provides a framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business.
ASU 2017-01 provides more consistency in applying the business combination guidance, reduces the costs of application, and
makes the definition of a business more operable. ASU 2017-01 is effective for interim and annual periods within those annual
periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The new standard was adopted by the Company effective October 1, 2018 and did
not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the
Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost, an amendment of the FASB Accounting
Standards Codification. This ASU requires employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other post-retirement benefit
plans to report the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from
services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. Employers are required to present the other components of net
benefit costs in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from
operations. Additionally, only the service cost component of net periodic pension cost will be eligible for asset capitalization. For
public entities, the new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods
within that annual period. The new standard was adopted by the Company effective October 1, 2018 and did not have a material
impact on the consolidated financial statements.
New accounting standards not adopted as of September 30, 2019
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016‑02, Leases (Topic 842), an amendment of the FASB Accounting
Standards Codification. This ASU requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for most lease
arrangements. The new standard is effective for the Company on October 1, 2019. The standard mandates a modified
retrospective transition method for all entities and early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt the new lease guidance
using the modified retrospective approach at the period of adoption (October 1, 2019) with no adjustment to prior period
disclosures. A package of three practical expedients that is applicable to all leases as lessee or lessor will be adopted. This
includes not reassessing whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, not reassessing lease classification for
any expired or existing leases, and not reassessing initial direct cost for any existing lease under ASC Topic 840. The Company
also elected the practical expedient as a lessee to not separate non-lease components. A material impact on the Company’s
consolidated balance sheet is anticipated due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases,
which are currently not recorded. There is no material effect anticipated in the statement of operations. The Company is
evaluating the effect that ASU 2016‑02 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016‑13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), an amendment of the
FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This ASU will change how entities account for credit losses for most financial assets
and certain other instruments. For trade receivables, loans and held-to-maturity debt securities entities will be required to estimate
lifetime expected credit losses. For available-for-sale debt securities entities will be required to recognize an allowance for credit
losses rather than a reduction to the carrying value of the asset. Additionally, there will be a significant increase in the amount of
disclosures by year of origination for certain financing receivables. For public entities, the new standard is effective for annual
periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that annual period. The Company is evaluating the
effect that ASU 2016‑13 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
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In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018‑02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220):
Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which allow a reclassification from
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the change
in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate on the gross deferred tax amounts at the date of enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs
Act of 2017 (the “2017 Tax Act”). The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim
periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2018‑02 will have
on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018‑07, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to
Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, an amendment of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Under this
ASU companies will no longer be required to value non-employee awards differently from employee awards, but the accounting
remains different for attribution and a contractual term election for valuing nonemployee equity share options. Equity-classified
awards to nonemployees will now be measured at the grant date using fair value of the equity instruments the company is
obligated to issue and recognition is associated with the probable outcome. Awards are subsequently measured using stock
compensation guidance unless they are modified after the nonemployee stops providing goods or services. Existing disclosure
requirements within the stock compensation guidance also apply to nonemployee awards. For public entities, the new standard is
effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company is
evaluating the effect that ASU 2018‑07 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018‑14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans -
General (Subtopic 715‑20), Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans, an
amendment of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Under this ASU existing disclosures not considered cost beneficial
are removed, disclosures identified as relevant are added, and there is added clarification regarding specific existing disclosures.
For public entities, the new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is
evaluating the effect that ASU 2018‑14 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
2. Discontinued Operations of TS segment
On July 31, 2018, CSPi LTD, a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, completed its sale of all of the
outstanding stock of Modcomp GmbH, to Reply AG, an affiliate of Reply SpA, a holding company for a worldwide group of
companies, pursuant to the terms of a Share Purchase and Assignment Agreement dated June 27, 2018. Modcomp GmbH, dba
CSPI GmbH, through itself and its wholly owned subsidiaries, provided managed security services to customers primarily in
Germany.
Upon the closing of the Share Purchase Agreement, Reply AG paid to CSPI total cash at closing of approximately $14.4
million, which consisted of the original purchase price of $11.7 million plus an adjustment at closing for Net Cash (as defined in
the Share Purchase Agreement) of approximately $2.7 million. An additional €400 thousand is included in escrow and will be
recorded if and when received by the Company. Accordingly, CSPi determined that the assets and liabilities of this reportable
segment met the discontinued operations criteria in U.S. GAAP in the year ended September 30, 2018. The gain recorded due to
the sale of all the stock of Modcomp GmbH was approximately $16.8 million. No income taxes were provided as the transaction
was a tax-free exchange in the U.K. As such, Modcomp GmbH’s results have been recorded as discontinued operations in the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.
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Summarized Discontinued Operations Financial Information
As the sale of the subsidiary occurred prior to September 30, 2018 there were no assets or liabilities of discontinued
operations in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
The following table summarizes the results of discontinued operations for the years ended September 30, 2019, and
2018.
Sales
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Operating loss
Other expenses
Loss before income taxes
Income tax expense
Loss from discontinued operations
Gain from sale of discontinued operations
Total income from discontinued operations
3. Accounts and Long Term Receivable
For the year ended
September 30,
2019
September 30,
2018
$
$
$
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— $
—
— $
18,365
15,843
2,522
2,837
(315)
(95)
(410)
—
(410)
16,838
16,428
Within accounts receivable and long term receivable there are amounts due reflecting sales whose payment terms exceed one
year. This financing is separate from agreements with a leasing component, see Note 4 for financing through leases. These
receivables are included in Accounts Receivable and Long Term Receivable in the amount of $2.1 million and $5.0 million as of
September 30, 2019. The long-term receivable carries a weighted interest rate of 6.9%, which reflects the approximate interest
rate consistent with a separate financing transaction with the customer. The Company did not finance any sales of hardware,
software, or services in fiscal year 2018, except for agreements containing a lease which is described in Note 4.
There is not an allowance for credit losses nor impairments for accounts and long term receivables with a contractual maturity of
over one year. There was also no activity in the allowance for credit losses of these receivables for the year ended September 30,
2019. All these agreements are looked at as one portfolio in determining credit losses. There are various factors that are
considered in extending a customer payment terms longer than one year including payment history, economic conditions, and
capacity to pay. The credit quality of customers is monitored by payment activity. The unearned income represents a rate similar
to market.
Contractual maturities of outstanding financing with an original contractual maturity over one year are as follows:
Fiscal year ending September 30:
2020
2021
2022
2023
Total payments
Less: unearned income
Total, net of unearned income
(Amounts in thousands)
2,502
$
2,258
1,880
1,423
8,063
976
7,087
$
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The current portion of $2.1 million is within accounts receivable. Total long term receivable was $5.3 million at September 30,
2019, which included $5.0 million from financing and $0.3 million that did not have a financing component. The $0.3 million was
recorded as the contract it relates to is noncancelable.
4. Investment in Lease
Investment in Lease, net
The Company enters into certain agreements where it supplies equipment to be used in a customer’s IT infrastructure in
conjunction with the Company providing managed services. Agreements contain a lease because the customer has a right to use
the equipment for a stated period of time. The leases are either a direct-financing or sales-type. At lease inception a lease
receivable is recorded, which includes future minimum lease payments at present value using the implicit interest rate. Interest
income is recognized on a monthly basis utilizing the effective-interest method. Interest income from leases is recorded in
revenue as equipment leasing is part of the Company’s central operations.
A summary of components for the Company’s investment in lease, net is as follows:
Investment in lease, gross
Unearned income
Total investment in lease, net
Current portion
Noncurrent portion
September 30, 2019
September 30, 2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
$
$
889
(105)
784
367
417
$
$
$
$
1,038
(228)
810
246
564
The schedule of future minimum lease payments receivable is as follows:
Fiscal year ending September 30:
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Minimum lease payments including interest
Amount representing interest
Minimum lease payments excluding interest
5. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following:
Raw materials
Work-in-process
Finished goods
Total
57
(Amounts in thousands)
451
356
67
12
3
889
(105)
784
$
$
$
September 30,
2019
September 30,
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
671 $
93
7,054
7,818 $
1,098
226
6,234
7,558
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6. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows:
Balance as of September 30, 2017
Change in period
Tax effect of change in period
Balance as of September 30, 2018
Change in period
Tax effect of change in period
Balance as of September 30, 2019
Effect of
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Minimum
Pension
Liability
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
(Amounts in thousands)
(3,214) $
(1,132)
—
(4,346) $
(765)
—
(5,111) $
(6,949) $
475
(5)
(6,479) $
(1,063)
60
(7,482) $
(10,163)
(657)
(5)
(10,825)
(1,828)
60
(12,593)
$
$
$
The changes in the minimum pension liability are net of amortization of net loss of $127 thousand in 2019 and net gain
of $151 thousand in 2018 included in net periodic pension cost.
7. Income Taxes
The components of income before income tax and income tax (benefit) expense are comprised of the following:
Income before income tax:
U.S.
Foreign
Income tax (benefit) expense:
Current:
Federal
State
Foreign
Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign
For the Years Ended
September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
(663) $
221
(442) $
(1,077)
(29)
(1,106)
(141) $
122
—
(19)
(73)
21
—
(52)
(71) $
771
47
—
818
259
(118)
(77)
64
882
$
$
$
$
As of September 30, 2019, management assessed the positive and negative evidence in the U.S. operations, and
estimated we will have sufficient future taxable income to utilize the existing deferred tax assets, except for certain state net
operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Significant objective positive evidence included the cumulative profits that we
realized over the most recent years. This evidence enhances our ability to consider other subjective evidence such as our
projections for future growth. Other factors we considered are the likelihood for new revenue from cyber security products,
continued royalty income in future years, and our expectation that the TS segment will continue to be profitable in future years.
On the basis of this evaluation, as of September 30, 2019, we have concluded that our U.S. deferred tax asset is more likely than
not to be realized. It should be noted however, that the amount of the deferred tax
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asset realized could be adjusted in future years, if estimates of taxable income during the carryforward periods are reduced, or if
objective negative evidence in the form of cumulative loses is present.
The recording and ultimate reversal of valuation allowances for our deferred tax asset requires significant judgment
associated with past and projected performance. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider our taxable future
earnings and the expected timing of the reversal of temporary differences. We recorded a valuation allowance which reduced the
gross deferred tax asset to an amount that we believed was more likely than not to be realized because of the cumulative losses
incurred in the U.K. in recent years, which represented sufficient negative evidence to record a valuation allowance against
certain deferred tax assets.
We continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against our U.K. deferred tax assets as we have experienced
cumulative loses and do not have any indication that the operation will be profitable in the future to an extent that will allow us to
utilize much of our net operating loss carryforwards. To the extent that actual experience deviates from our assumptions, our
projections would be affected and hence our assessment of realizability of our deferred tax assets may change.
Reconciliation of federal statutory rate and income tax expense to the Company’s effective tax rate and actual income
tax expense is as follows:
Computed “expected” tax benefit
Increases (reductions) in taxes resulting from:
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit
Foreign operations
Permanent differences
Change in valuation allowance
Deferred revenue
Impact of 965 one-time transition tax
Federal tax rate change
Payable true up
Uncertain tax liability adjustment
Research & development credit
Other items
Income tax (benefit) expense
For the Years Ended September 30,
2018
2019
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
$
(93)
21.0 % $
(269)
24.3 %
(73)
(46)
31
235
(48)
—
—
17
(41)
(90)
37
(71)
16.5 %
10.4 %
(7.0)%
(53.2)%
10.9 %
— %
— %
(3.8)%
9.3 %
20.4 %
(8.4)%
16.1 % $
(107)
(70)
(14)
118
—
771
588
—
11
(125)
(21)
882
9.7 %
6.3 %
1.3 %
(10.7)%
— %
(69.7)%
(53.2)%
— %
(1.0)%
11.3 %
2.0 %
(79.7)%
$
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For the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, temporary differences, which give rise to deferred tax assets
(liabilities), are as follows:
Deferred tax assets:
Pension
Intangibles
Other reserves and accruals
Inventory reserves and other
State credits, net of federal benefit
Federal and state net operating loss carryforwards
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards
Foreign exchange on intercompany loan
Depreciation and amortization
Gross deferred tax assets
Less: valuation allowance
Realizable deferred tax asset
Gross deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets
September 30, September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
1,378 $
81
291
619
380
928
1,393
7
(232)
4,845
(2,899)
1,946
—
1,946 $
1,390
104
451
502
380
626
1,489
7
(396)
4,553
(2,658)
1,895
—
1,895
The deferred tax valuation allowance increased by approximately $241 thousand, which was primarily due to the U. S.
valuation allowance on the deferred tax asset for certain state net operating losses carryover. In assessing the realizability of
deferred tax assets, the Company considers its taxable future earnings and the expected timing of the reversal of temporary
differences. Accordingly, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance which reduces the gross deferred tax asset to an
amount which management believes will more likely than not be realized. The valuation allowance was determined by assessing
both positive and negative evidence whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are realizable. Such assessment is
done on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis. The Company's inability to project future profitability in certain states beyond fiscal
year 2019 and the cumulative losses incurred in recent years in the U.K. represent sufficient negative evidence to record a
valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets.
In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Reform Act") was enacted. The legislation significantly changes
U.S. tax law by, among other things, lowering corporate income tax rates, implementing a territorial tax system, expanding the
tax base and imposing a tax on deemed repatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries. The Tax Reform Act permanently reduces the
U.S. corporate federal income tax rate from a maximum of 35% to a flat 21% rate, effective January 1, 2018. The Company has
recognized the impact of the Tax Reform Act in these consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in 2018. The
impact of the remeasurement of the Company’s US deferred tax assets and liabilities to 21% resulted in a tax expense of
approximately $0.6 million consisting of a reduction of the Company’s net deferred tax asset. The Company recorded tax expense
of approximately $0.8 million related to the deemed repatriation tax.
The Company’s used a blended U.S. statutory tax rate for fiscal 2018 of 24.28% and in fiscal 2019 the corporate tax rate
was 21%.
As of September 30, 2019, and 2018, the Company had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards for federal purposes of
approximately $2 million and $1 million, respectively, which are available to offset future taxable income
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with no expiration. The Company had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards for state purposes of approximately $4.8 million and
$2.0 million, respectively, which are available to offset future taxable income through 2035.
As of September 30, 2019, the Company had other state tax credit carryforwards of $55 thousand available to reduce
future state tax expense which has unlimited carryover status.
As of September 30, 2019, the Company concluded that a net increase of $241 thousand of the valuation allowances for
the U.S. was appropriate. As part of the Company’s analysis, the Company evaluated, among other factors, its recent history of
generating taxable income in state jurisdictions and its near-term forecasts of future taxable income. The net increase in the
Company’s valuation allowance of $241 thousand is to reserve for certain state net operating losses and state tax credit
carryforwards that the Company believes will expire unused.
As of September 30, 2019, the Company had U.K. net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $8.2 million that
have an indefinite life with no expiration.
Undistributed earnings of the Company's foreign subsidiaries amounted to approximately $11.0 million and $12.7
million at September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company's is considering cash distribution of undistributed foreign
earnings in the future and will continue to assess the potential impact of any future distributions on U.S. Taxes. The state tax
impact of a distribution of foreign earnings and profits would not be material.
In addition, the calculation of the Company's tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of
complex tax regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions. The Company records liabilities for estimated tax obligations in the U.S.
and other tax jurisdictions. These estimated tax liabilities include the provision for taxes that may become payable in the future.
As of September 30, 2019, the total amount of uncertain tax liabilities was reversed since the statute of limitations have
expired on the potential uncertain tax position.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amounts of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as
follows:
Balance, beginning of year
Accrued penalties and interest
Reversal for statute of limitations
Balance, end of period
For the Year Ended
September 30, 2019
For the Year Ended
September 30, 2018
(Amounts in thousands)
220 $
13
(233)
— $
209
11
—
220
$
$
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has
reviewed the tax positions taken on returns filed domestically and in its foreign jurisdictions for all open years, generally fiscal
2015 through 2019, and believes that tax adjustments in any audited year will not be material.
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8. Property, Equipment and Improvements, Net
Property, equipment and improvements, net consist of the following:
Leasehold improvements
Equipment
Automobiles
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
Property, equipment and improvements, net
September 30, September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
224 $
8,397
98
8,719
(7,446)
1,273 $
224
7,574
101
7,899
(7,052)
847
The Company uses the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets to record depreciation expense.
Depreciation expense was $405 thousand and $506 thousand for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
9. Acquired Intangible Assets
As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, intangible assets are as follows:
September 30, 2019
September 30, 2018
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Amortization
Period
Gross
Accumulated
Amortization Net
Gross
Accumulated
Amortization Net
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Amortization
Period
(Amounts in thousands)
Customer list
Non-compete agreements
Developed technology
Trade name
Total
5 years $
0 years
0 years
0 years
910 $
93
30 $
140 $
$ 1,173 $
873 $
93
30 $
140 $
1,136 $
37
—
—
—
37
6 years $
0 years
0 years
0 years
910 $
93
30 $
140 $
$ 1,173 $
864 $
93
30 $
138 $
1,125 $
46
—
—
2
48
Amortization expense on these intangible assets was $11 thousand and $119 thousand for fiscal 2019 and 2018,
respectively.
Annual amortization expense related to intangible assets for each of the following successive fiscal years is as follows:
Fiscal year ending September 30:
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Total
(Amounts in thousands)
9
9
9
9
1
37
$
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10. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
Accounts payable and accrued expenses consist of the following:
Accounts payable
Commissions
Compensation and fringe benefits
Professional fees and shareholders’ reporting costs
Taxes, other than income
Warranty
Other
11. Note Payable
September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
13,495 $
359
992
369
353
105
502
16,175 $
4,466
312
1,836
308
313
108
1,934
9,277
In September 2019, the Company borrowed $1.0 million with a 5.0% rate of interest related to a multi-year agreement
with a customer (see Note 3 for the disclosure related to the receivable). Payments are due each month and maturities are outlined
in the tables below.
Fiscal year ending September 30:
2020
2021
2022
Total
Less: note discount
Total
As of September 30, 2019
Current
Less: note discount
Note payable - current portion
Noncurrent
Less: note discount
Note payable - noncurrent portion
(Amounts in thousands)
359
$
359
359
1,077
76
1,001
$
(Amounts in thousands)
359
42
317
718
34
684
$
$
$
$
12. Product Warranties
Product warranty activity for the years ended September 30 was as follows:
Balance at the beginning of the period
Accruals for warranties for products sold in the period
Fulfillment of warranty obligations
Balance at the end of the period
2019
2018
$ 107,538 $ 121,450
26,539
(40,451)
$ 104,738 $ 107,538
34,207
(37,007)
These amounts are within accounts payable and accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.
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13. Stock Based Incentive Compensation
In 2015, the Company adopted the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2015 Plan") and authorized 300,000 shares of
common stock to be reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2015 Plan. During 2019 an additional 300,000 shares of common stock
were authorized to be reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2015 Plan. As of September 30, 2019, there were 320,715 shares
available to be granted under the 2015 Plan. Under all of the stock incentive plans, both incentive stock options and non-qualified
stock options may be granted to officers, key employees and other persons providing services to the Company. All of the
Company’s stock incentive plans have a ten year life.
Awards issued under any of the stock option plans are not affected by termination of the plan. The Company issues stock
options at their fair market value on the date of grant. Vesting of stock options granted pursuant to the Company’s stock incentive
plans is determined by the Company’s compensation committee. Generally, options granted to employees vest over four years
and expire ten years from the date of grant. Options granted to non-employee directors have historically included cliff vesting
after six months from the date of grant and expire three years from the date of grant. In fiscal years 2016 through 2019, the
Company granted certain officers including its Chief Executive Officer and non-employee directors, and key employees shares of
nonvested common stock instead of stock options. The vesting periods for the officers’, the Chief Executive Officer’s and the
non-employee directors’ nonvested stock awards are four years, three years and one year, respectively. The vesting period for the
key employees’ awards is four years.
We measure and recognize compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors
including employee stock options and awards of nonvested stock based on estimated fair values, as described in Note 1. Stock-
based compensation expense incurred and recognized for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 related to stock options
and nonvested stock granted to employees and non-employee directors under the Company’s stock incentive and employee stock
purchase plans totaled approximately $792 thousand and $691 thousand, respectively. The classification of the cost of stock-
based compensation, in the consolidated statements of operations, is consistent with the nature of the services being rendered in
exchange for the share based payment.
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of
operations:
Years Ended
Cost of sales
Engineering and development
Selling, general and administrative
Total
September 30,
September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
7 $
49
736
792 $
5
32
654
691
$
$
For the year ended September 30, 2019, the Company granted 33,000 nonvested shares to certain key employees, 55,000
nonvested shares to certain officers including 35,000 shares granted to the Chief Executive Officer, and 20,000 nonvested shares
to its non-employee directors. For the year ended September 30, 2018, the Company granted 12,000 nonvested shares to certain
key employees, 40,000 nonvested shares to certain officers including 30,000 to its Chief Executive Officer and 20,000 nonvested
shares to its non-employee directors.
The Company measures the fair value of nonvested stock awards based upon the market price of its common stock as of
the date of grant. The Company used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to value stock options. The Black-Scholes model
requires the use of a number of assumptions including volatility of the Company’s stock price, the weighted average risk-free
interest rate and the weighted average expected life of the options, at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield is equal to the
divided per share declared, divided by the closing share price on the date the options were granted. All equity compensation
awards granted for the years ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 were nonvested stock awards.
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As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations is based on awards
ultimately expected to vest, expense for grants beginning upon adoption on October 1, 2005 has been reduced for estimated
forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ
from those estimates. The forfeiture rates for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were based on actual forfeitures.
No cash was used to settle equity instruments granted under share-base payment arrangements in any of the years in the
two-year period ended September 30, 2019.
The following tables provide summary data of stock option award activity:
Outstanding at September 30, 2017
Granted
Expired
Forfeited
Exercised
Outstanding at September 30, 2018
Granted
Expired
Forfeited
Exercised
Outstanding at September 30, 2019
Exercisable at September 30, 2019
Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2019
Weighted
average
exercise
price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
Number
of Shares
9,376
— $
(1,250)
—
(4,626)
3,500 $
—
(500) $
—
(1,000)
2,000 $
2,000 $
2,000 $
4.49
—
6.82
—
4.67
3.42
—
2.99
—
2.99
3.75
3.75
3.75
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
.98 Years $
.98 Years $
.98 Years $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
19
19
19
There were no stock options granted in the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The aggregate intrinsic value of
stock options exercised during the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $8 thousand and $34 thousand,
respectively.The following table provides summary data of nonvested stock award activity:
Nonvested shares outstanding at September 30, 2017
Activity in 2018:
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested shares outstanding at September 30, 2018
Activity in 2019:
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested shares outstanding at September 30, 2019
Vested at September 30, 2019
Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2019
Number of
nonvested
shares
Weighted
Average
grant date
Fair
Value
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
179,821 $
8.64
2.23 Years $
1,987
72,000 $
(80,969) $
(16,500) $
154,352 $
108,000 $
(68,867) $
(2,750) $
190,735 $
400,700 $
591,435 $
11.83
8.18
8.90
10.34
9.98
10.39
8.91
10.12
7.17
8.12
—
—
—
2.11 Years $
—
—
—
2.21 Years $
0.20 Years $
0.85 Years $
—
—
—
2,025
—
—
—
2,560
5,377
7,937
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As of September 30, 2019, there was $1.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock-
based compensation arrangements (including nonvested stock awards) granted under the Company’s stock incentive plans. This
cost is expected to be expensed over a weighted average period of approximately 2.50 years. The total fair value of shares vested
during the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $716 thousand and $662 thousand, respectively.
14. Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In December 2013, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan covering up
to 250,000 shares of Common Stock (the "ESPP"), which was ratified by a vote of the Company’s shareholders in February 2014.
Under the ESPP, the Company’s employees may purchase shares of common stock at a price per share that is currently 95% of
the lesser of the fair market value as of the beginning or end of semi-annual option periods. Pursuant to the ESPP, the Company
issued 29,238 and 22,895 shares for the two years ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively.
15. Pension and Retirement Plans
We have defined benefit and defined contribution plans in the U.K. and in the U.S. In the U.K., the Company provides
defined benefit pension plans for certain employees and former employees and defined contribution plans for the majority of the
employees. The defined benefit plans in the U.K. are closed to newly hired employees and have been for the two years ended
September 30, 2019. In the U.S., the Company also provides defined contribution plans that cover most employees and
supplementary retirement plans to certain employees and former employees who are now retired. These supplementary retirement
plans are also closed to newly hired employees and have been for the two years ended September 30, 2019. These supplementary
plans are funded through whole life insurance policies. The Company expects to recover all insurance premiums paid under these
policies in the future, through the cash surrender value of the policies and any death benefits or portions thereof to be paid upon
the death of the participant. These whole life insurance policies are carried on the balance sheet at their cash surrender values as
they are owned by the Company and not assets of the defined benefit plans. In the U.S., the Company also provides for officer
death benefits and post-retirement health insurance benefits through supplemental post-retirement plans to certain officers. The
Company also funds these supplemental plans’ obligations through whole life insurance policies on the officers.
Defined Benefit Plans
The Company funds its pension plans in amounts sufficient to meet the requirements set forth in applicable employee
benefits laws and local tax laws. Liabilities for amounts in excess of these funding levels are accrued and reported in the
consolidated balance sheet.
The domestic supplemental retirement plans have life insurance policies which are not considered plan assets but were
purchased by the Company as a vehicle to fund the costs of the plan. These insurance policies are included in the balance sheet at
their cash surrender value, net of policy loans, aggregating $2.2 million and $2.1 million as of September 30, 2019 and 2018,
respectively. The loans against the policies have been taken out by the Company to pay the premiums. The costs and benefit
payments for these plans are paid through operating cash flows of the Company to the extent that they cannot be funded through
the use of the cash values in the insurance policies. The Company expects that the recorded value of the insurance policies will be
sufficient to fund all of the Company’s obligations under these plans.
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Assumptions:
The following table provides the weighted average actuarial assumptions used to determine the actuarial present value of
projected benefit obligations at:
Discount rate:
Expected return on plan assets:
Rate of compensation increase:
Domestic
September 30,
International
September 30,
2019
2018
2019
2018
3.00 %
4.00 %
1.90 %
3.40 %
— %
2.90 %
3.80 %
— %
The following table provides the weighted average actuarial assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost
for years ended:
Discount rate:
Expected return on plan assets:
Rate of compensation increase:
Domestic
September 30,
International
September 30,
2019
2018
2019
2018
4.00 %
3.75 %
1.90 %
3.40 %
— %
2.80 %
3.70 %
— %
For domestic plans, the discount rate was determined by comparison against the FTSE pension liability index for AA
rated corporate instruments. The Company monitors other indices to assure that the pension obligations are fairly reported on a
consistent basis. The international discount rates were determined by comparison against country specific AA corporate indices,
adjusted for duration of the obligation.
The periodic benefit cost and the actuarial present value of projected benefit obligations are based on actuarial
assumptions that are reviewed on an annual basis. The Company revises these assumptions based on an annual evaluation of long-
term trends, as well as market conditions that may have an impact on the cost of providing retirement benefits.
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The components of net periodic benefit costs related to the U.S. and international plans are as follows:
Pension:
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of net gain (loss)
Net periodic benefit cost
Post Retirement:
Service cost
Interest cost
Amortization of net loss
Net periodic cost
U.K.
2019
U.S.
Year Ended September 30,
Total
U.K.
(Amounts in thousands)
2018
U.S.
Total
362 $
(327)
149
184 $
24 $
—
(3)
21 $
386 $
(327)
146
205 $
370 $
(312)
170
228 $
25 $
—
(1)
24 $
395
(312)
169
252
— $
—
—
— $
34 $
53
(20)
67 $
34 $
53
(20)
67 $
— $
—
—
— $
40 $
47
(18)
69 $
40
47
(18)
69
$
$
$
$
Pension:
Decrease in minimum liability included in other
comprehensive income (loss)
Post Retirement:
Decrease in minimum liability included in other
comprehensive income (loss)
Total:
Decrease in minimum liability included in
comprehensive income (loss)
$
914
18 $
932 $
(462) $
(7) $
(469)
—
131
131
—
(6)
(6)
$
914 $
149 $
1,063 $
(462) $
(13) $
(475)
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The following table presents an analysis of the changes in 2019 and 2018 of the benefit obligation, the plan assets and
the funded status of the plans:
$
Pension:
Change in projected benefit obligation
(“PBO”)
Balance beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Changes in actuarial assumptions
Foreign exchange impact
Benefits paid
Projected benefit obligation at end of year
Changes in fair value of plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $
Actual gain on plan assets
Company contributions
Foreign exchange impact
Benefits paid
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
Funded status \ net amount recognized
$
$
$
Foreign
2019
U.S.
Years Ended September 30
Total
Foreign
(Amounts in thousands)
2018
U.S.
Total
12,874 $
—
362
1,273
(772)
(290)
13,447 $
8,270 $
194
545
(481)
(290)
8,238 $
(5,209) $
585 $
—
24
15
—
(110)
514 $
— $
—
110
—
(110)
— $
(514) $
13,459 $ 13,285 $
—
386
1,288
(772)
(400)
—
370
(165)
(364)
(252)
13,961 $ 12,874 $
8,270 $
194
655
(481)
(400)
8,238 $
(5,723) $
8,239 $
291
227
(235)
(252)
8,270
(4,604) $
677 $ 13,962
—
—
395
25
(172)
(7)
(364)
—
(110)
(362)
585 $ 13,459
— $
—
110
—
(110)
— $
(585) $
8,239
291
337
(235)
(362)
8,270
(5,189)
Post Retirement:
Change in projected benefit obligation
(“PBO”):
Balance beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Changes in actuarial assumptions
Projected benefit obligation at end of year
Funded status \ net amount recognized
$
$
$
— $
—
—
—
— $
— $
1,318 $
34
53
111
1,516 $
(1,516) $
1,318 $
34
53
111
1,516 $
(1,516) $
— $
—
—
—
— $
— $
1,255 $
40
47
(24)
1,318 $
(1,318) $
1,255
40
47
(24)
1,318
(1,318)
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The amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet consist of:
Pension:
Accrued benefit liability
Deferred tax
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Net amount recognized
Post Retirement:
Accrued benefit liability
Deferred tax
Accumulated other comprehensive income
(loss)
Net amount recognized
Total pension and post retirement:
Accrued benefit liability
Deferred tax
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Net amount recognized
Accumulated Benefit Obligation:
Pension
Post Retirement
Total accumulated benefit obligation
$
$
$
Foreign
2019
U.S.
Years Ended September 30
Total
Foreign
(Amounts in thousands)
2018
U.S.
Total
$
(5,209) $
—
6,165
$
956 $
(514) $
15
24
(475) $
(5,723) $
15
6,189
(4,604) $
(1)
5,251
481 $
646 $
(585) $
22
13
(550) $
(5,189)
21
5,264
96
— $
—
(1,516) $
41
(1,516) $
41
— $
—
(1,320) $
93
(1,320)
93
—
— $
113
(1,362) $
113
(1,362) $
—
— $
34
(1,193) $
34
(1,193)
(5,209) $
—
6,165
(2,030) $
56
137
(1,837) $
(7,239) $
56
6,302
(881) $
(4,604) $
(1)
5,251
646 $
(1,904) $
115
47
(1,742) $
(6,508)
114
5,298
(1,096)
$
956 $
$ (13,447) $
(514) $ (13,961) $ (12,874) $
—
$ (13,447) $
(1,516)
(2,030) $ (15,477) $ (12,874) $
(1,516)
—
(585) $ (13,459)
(1,320)
(1,320)
(1,905) $ (14,779)
Plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets are attributable to unfunded domestic supplemental
retirement plans, and our U.K. retirement plan.
Accrued benefit liability reported as:
Current accrued benefit liability
Non-current accrued benefit liability
Total accrued benefit liability
September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
335 $
6,904
7,239 $
340
6,168
6,508
As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, the amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income, consisted of
deferred net losses totaling approximately $6.3 million and $5.3 million, respectively.
The amount of net deferred loss expected to be recognized as a component of net periodic benefit cost for the year
ending September 30, 2019, is approximately $229 thousand.
Contributions
The Company expects to contribute $0.4 million to its pension plans for fiscal 2020.
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Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid (amounts
in thousands):
Fiscal year ending September 30:
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Plan Assets
(Amounts in thousands)
401
$
408
$
441
$
475
$
514
$
843
$
At September 30, 2019, our pension plan in the U.K. was the only plan with assets, holding investments of
approximately $8.2 million. Pension plan assets are managed by a fiduciary committee. The Company’s investment strategy for
pension plan assets is to maximize the long-term rate of return on plan assets within an acceptable level of risk while maintaining
adequate funding levels. Local regulations, local funding rules, and local financial and tax considerations are part of the funding
and investment process. In deciding on the investments to be held, the trustees take into account the risk of possible fluctuations
in income from, and market values of, the assets as well as the risk of departing from an asset profile which broadly matches the
liability profile. The committee has invested the plan assets in a single pooled fund with an authorized investment company (the
“Fund”). The Fund selected by the trustees is consistent with the plan’s overall investment principles and strategy described
herein. There are no specific targets as to asset allocation other than those contained within the Fund that is managed by the
authorized investment company.
The fair value of the assets held by the U.K. pension plan by asset category are as follows:
Asset Category
Cash on deposit
Pooled funds
Total plan assets
Fair Values as of
September 30, 2019
Fair Value Measurements Using Inputs
Considered as
September 30, 2018
Fair Value Measurements Using Inputs
Considered as
Total
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Amounts in thousands)
$
279 $
279 $
7,959
7,959
$ 8,238 $ 8,238 $
— $
—
— $
36 $
— $
—
— $ 8,270 $ 8,270 $
8,234
8,234
36 $
— $
—
— $
—
—
—
The expected long-term rates of return on plan assets are equal to the yields to maturity of appropriate indices for
government and corporate bonds and by adding a premium to the government bond return for equities. The expected rate of return
on cash is the Bank of England base rate in force at the effective date.
Level 1 investments represent mutual funds for which a quoted market price is available on an active market. These
investments primarily hold stocks or bonds, or a combination of stocks and bonds.
Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has defined contribution plans in domestic and international locations under which the Company matches
a portion of the employee’s contributions and may make discretionary contributions to the plans. The Company’s contributions
were $178 thousand and $204 thousand for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
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16. Lines of Credit
As of September 30, 2018, the Company maintained a line of credit that allows for borrowings of up to $1.0 million.
Availability under the facility was reduced by outstanding borrowings thereunder. The interest rates on outstanding borrowings
was London Inter-Bank Offer Rate ("LIBOR") plus 2.5%, with a floor of 4%. Borrowings under the credit agreements are
required to be repaid on demand in certain circumstances, upon termination of the agreements, or may be prepaid by the
Company without penalty. The Company had no amounts outstanding under the line of credit during the fiscal year ending
September 30, 2018. This line of credit closed during fiscal year 2019.
As of September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the Company also maintained an inventory line of credit that may be
used by the TS segment in the U.S. to purchase inventory from approved vendors with payment terms which exceed those offered
by the vendors. In fiscal year 2019, HPP gained access to this inventory line of credit, but did not use it in fiscal year 2019. No
interest accrues under the inventory line of credit when advances are paid within terms, however, late payments are subject to an
interest charge of Prime plus 5%. The credit agreement for the inventory line of credit contains financial covenants which require
the Company to maintain the following TS segment-specific financial ratios: (1) a minimum current ratio of 1.2, (2) tangible net
worth of no less than $4.0 million, and (3) a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth of less than 5.0:1. As of
September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, Company borrowings under the inventory line of credit were $2.5 million and $3.2
million, respectively, and the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
17. Commitments and Contingencies
Operating Leases
The Company occupies office space under lease agreements expiring at various dates during the next two years, which
all have renewal options and escalation clauses. The leases are classified as operating leases and provide for the payment of real
estate taxes, insurance, utilities and maintenance. The Company also leases equipment under lease agreements expiring at various
dates during the next four years.
The Company was obligated under non-cancelable operating leases with an initial term in excess of one year as follows:
Fiscal year ending September 30:
2020
2021
2022
2023
Total
(Amounts in thousands)
475
$
173
58
43
749
$
Occupancy expenses under the operating leases approximated $0.7 million in 2019 and $0.8 million in 2018.
Capital Leases
The Company leases equipment under agreements expiring at various times during the next four years. The Company
has the capital lease obligation within its consolidated balance sheets. The current portion of $0.4 million is within accounts
payable and accrued expenses and the long-term portion of $0.3 million is included in other long term liabilities. The assets
acquired under the capital leases were sub-leased to a customer. See Investment in Lease Note 4.
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The Company was obligated under non-cancelable capital leases as follows:
Fiscal year ending September 30:
2020
2021
2022
2023
Minimum lease payments including interest
Amount representing interest
Minimum lease payments excluding interest
Common Stock Repurchase
(Amounts in thousands)
363
$
285
51
5
704
(46)
658
$
$
From time to time the Company’s Board of Directors passes resolutions to authorize the Company to purchase shares of
its outstanding common stock. The Company did not repurchase any shares during the years ended years ended
September 30, 2019 and 2018. As of September 30, 2019, the Company is authorized to repurchase an additional 201 thousand
shares pursuant to such resolutions.
18. Segment Information
The following table presents certain operating segment information.
Technology Solutions Segment
For the year ended September 30,
2019
Sales:
Product
Service
Total sales
Income (loss) from operations
Total assets
Capital expenditures
Depreciation and amortization
2018
Sales:
Product
Service
Total sales
Income (loss) from operations
Total assets
Capital expenditures
Depreciation and amortization
High
Performance
Products
Segment
United
Kingdom
U.S.
(Amounts in thousands)
Consolidated
Total
Total
$
$
6,406 $
1,496
7,902
(3,085)
11,548
310
230
4,936 $ 54,675 $ 59,611 $
380
5,316
(62)
10,530
6
6
11,168
65,843
2,321
37,291
516
180
11,548
71,159
2,259
47,821
522
186
7,014 $
3,465
10,479
(2,777)
14,869
99
243
7,501 $ 45,146 $ 52,647 $
606
8,107
(475)
13,854
1
7
9,184
54,330
1,651
26,552
338
375
9,790
62,437
1,176
40,406
339
382
66,017
13,044
79,061
(826)
59,369
832
416
59,661
13,255
72,916
(1,601)
55,275
438
625
Profit (loss) from operations is sales less cost of sales, engineering and development, selling, general and administrative
expenses but is not affected by either non-operating charges/income or by income taxes. Non-operating charges/income consists
principally of investment income and interest expense. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
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The following table details the Company’s sales by operating segment for fiscal years ended September 30, 2019 and
2018. The Company’s sales by geographic area based on the location of where the products were shipped or services rendered are
as follows:
2019
Americas
Europe
TS
HPP
Total
% of Total
TS
HPP
Total
% of Total
2018
$
$
$
$
67,228
5,294
72,522
$
92 %
$
$
52,034
8,424
60,458
$
83 %
$
9,059
1,266
10,325
$
14 %
$
1,344
789
2,133
$
3 %
Asia
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
3,285
771
4,056
$
5 %
646
1,837
2,483
$
3 %
Total
% of
Total
71,159
7,902
79,061
100 %
62,437
10,479
72,916
100 %
90 %
10 %
100 %
86 %
14 %
100 %
Substantially all Americas amounts are United States.
Long-lived assets by geographic location at years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
North America
Europe
Totals
September 30,
September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
1,270 $
3
1,273 $
844
3
847
Deferred tax assets by geographic location at years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
North America
Europe
Totals
September 30,
September 30,
2019
2018
(Amounts in thousands)
$
$
1,946 $
—
1,946 $
1,895
—
1,895
The following table lists customers from which the Company derived revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues for
the years ended years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
Customer A
Customer B
For the years ended
September 30, 2019
September 30, 2018
Amount
% of
Revenues
Amount
% of
Revenues
$
$
3.8
10.2
(Amounts in millions)
5 % $
13 % $
7.5
1.1
10 %
3 %
In addition, accounts receivable from Customer A totaled approximately $0.3 million, or 1%, and approximately $1.1
million, or 9%, of total consolidated accounts receivable as of September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively.
Accounts receivable and long term receivable from Customer B totaled approximately $7.4 million, or 36%, and approximately
$0.2 million, or 2%, of total consolidated accounts receivable as of September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively.
We believe that the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk with respect to the accounts receivable with these
customers as of September 30, 2019. No other customers accounted for 10% or more of total consolidated accounts receivable as
of September 30, 2019.
74
Table of Contents
19. Fair Value Disclosures
Under the fair value standards fair value is based on the exit price and defined as the price that would be received to sell an
asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value
measurement should reflect all the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. A fair value
hierarchy is established in the authoritative guidance outlined in three levels ranking from Level 1 to level 3 with Level 1 being
the highest priority.
Level 1: observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or
indirectly
Level 3: unobservable inputs (e.g., a reporting entity’s or other entity’s own data)
The Company had no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring (except our pension plan assets, see Note 15) or
non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2019 or September 30, 2018.
To estimate fair value of the financial instruments below quoted market prices are used when available and classified within
Level 1. If this data is not available, we use observable market based inputs to estimate fair value, which are classified within
Level 2. If the preceding information is unavailable, we use internally generated data to estimate fair value which is classified
within Level 3.
As of September 30, 2019
As of September 30, 2018
Carrying
Amount
Fair Value
Carrying
Amount
(Amounts in thousands)
Fair Value
Fair Value
Level
Reference
18,099 $
$
Assets:
Cash and cash
equivalents
Accounts & long
term receivable*
Liabilities:
Note payable
1,001
*Original maturity over one year
7,087
18,099 $
25,107 $
25,107
7,087
—
1,001
—
—
—
1
3
2
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Note 3
Note 11
Cash and cash equivalents
Carrying amount approximated fair value.
Accounts and long term receivable with original maturity over one year
Fair value was estimated by discounting future cash flows based on the current rate with similar terms.
Note Payable
Fair value was estimated based on quoted market prices.
Fair value of accounts receivable with an original maturity of one year or less and accounts payable was not materially
different from their carrying values at September 30, 2019, and 2018.
75
Table of Contents
20. Dividend
For the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company declared and paid cash dividends as follows:
Fiscal Year
2018
2018
2018
2018
2019
2019
2019
2019
Amount Paid
Date Declared Record Date Date Paid
12/19/2017 12/29/2017 1/16/2018 $
2/28/2018 3/16/2018 $
2/12/2018
5/31/2018 6/15/2018 $
5/9/2018
8/31/2018 9/14/2018 $
8/13/2018
1/7/2019 1/22/2019 $
12/27/2018
2/28/2019 3/14/2019 $
2/12/2019
5/31/2019 6/14/2019 $
5/8/2019
8/30/2019 9/13/2019 $
8/7/2019
Per Share
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
76
Each of the below listed subsidiaries is 100% directly owned by CSP Inc. except as otherwise indicated, and all are included in the
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT
Exhibit 21.1
consolidated financial statements.
NAME OF SUBSIDIARY
CSP Securities Corp.
175 Cabot Street, Suite 210
Lowell, MA 01854
CSP Inc. Foreign Sales Corp., Ltd.
175 Cabot Street, Suite 210
Lowell, MA 01854
Modcomp, Inc (1).
1182 East Newport Center Drive
Deerfield Beach, FL 33442
(1) Modcomp has one subsidiary operating in Europe
STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION/
ORGANIZATION
Massachusetts
U.S. Virgin Islands
Delaware
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in these Registration Statements (Nos. 333-64493, 333-124030, 333-124031, 333-
151024, 333-197608, 333-207229, and 333-231650) on Form S-8 of CSP Inc. and Subsidiaries of our report dated December 10,
2019, relating to the consolidated financial statements of CSP Inc. and Subsidiaries, appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-
K of CSP Inc. for the year ended September 30, 2019.
EXHIBIT 23.1
/s/ RSM US LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
December 10, 2019
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Exhibit 31.1
I, Victor Dellovo, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of CSP Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in
all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined
in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made
known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report
based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
December 10, 2019
/s/ Victor Dellovo
Victor Dellovo
Chief Executive Officer and
President
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Exhibit 31.2
I, Gary W. Levine, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of CSP Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in
all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined
in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made
known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report
based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
December 10, 2019
/s/Gary W. Levine
Gary W. Levine
Chief Financial Officer
18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Exhibit 32.1
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of CSP Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended September 30, 2019, as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer of the Company, certifies, to the best knowledge and belief of the signatory, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the
Company.
December 10, 2019
December 10, 2019
By: /s/ Victor Dellovo
Victor Dellovo
Chief Executive Officer and President
By: /s/ Gary W. Levine
Gary W. Levine
Chief Financial Officer