Dave & Buster's Entertainment
Annual Report 2019

Plain-text annual report

Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. Annual Report 2019 Dear Fellow Shareholders: All of us at Dave & Buster’s hope you and your families are staying healthy and safe. This is a challenging time for our country and our company. If this were our typical letter to shareholders during any other year, it would begin by noting that in 2019, Dave & Buster’s achieved record sales of $1.35 billion and generated record EBITDA of $280.5 million. We would highlight revenue growth of 7.1 percent led by successful openings of 16 new stores, partially offset by a full-year comparable store sales decline of 2.6 percent. Most of my letter would focus on the exciting strategic initiatives we planned for 2020 based on the consumer research we conducted during our comprehensive strategic review of the business. I would close by expressing gratitude to our passionate team members who have helped us become a leading, category-defining brand by consistently generating industry-leading volumes and EBITDA margins over many years and through many economic cycles. But this is not a typical year. And this is not our typical letter. The global COVID-19 pandemic has created a challenge unlike anything our company, industry, or the U.S. economy has previously experienced. While we are proud of our 2019 achievements, I find myself writing this letter from my home office under completely different circumstances than any of us could have foreseen less than 60 days ago. As the COVID-19 threat level escalated in March, several states announced the first mandatory shutdowns of all restaurants and bars. Other states quickly followed and by Friday, March 20 we had closed all 137 of our stores. At this writing, all of our stores remain closed and we are unable to predict when mandated shut-down periods may conclude or the pace at which our business may recover after reopening. As always, at Dave & Buster’s we deeply value the health and safety of our team members, guests, and each of the communities in which we operate. We are acutely aware of the importance of doing our part as a responsible business to support the global effort to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Doing our part, however, has required us to take several difficult but necessary steps in response to this temporary system-wide shut down. Within days of our store closures, we implemented a comprehensive plan to conserve the Company’s capital, maintain operating liquidity and preserve the critical store restart capabilities necessary to safely reopen our stores as soon as circumstances allow. This plan has one simple goal: position ourselves to reopen our stores as soon as we safely can so that we can welcome back our furloughed team members, turn our games back on, and bring FUN back into the communities we serve – FUN that we believe will serve as a very important healing force as our country emerges from the fear and isolation this pandemic has created. First, to conserve capital, we halted construction on new stores and curtailed capital spending on all planned strategic initiatives, store remodels, games, information technology and store maintenance. This reduced planned 2020 capital spending to approximately $66 million. Second, we made significant reductions in planned operating expenses. This included taking the extremely difficult step of furloughing nearly 99 percent of our team members company- wide. This letter cannot adequately convey the heartbreak we all felt when we reduced our D&B family from nearly 16,000 team members to just 165. We also reduced compensation of the senior leadership team by 50 percent and deferred bonuses. Further, we significantly reduced all categories of planned store operating expenses, G&A and marketing spend. We halted our employer 401(k) match program, and suspended cash compensation to all Directors for the remainder of the year. Third, the board ratified management’s recommendation to suspend both the quarterly dividend, as well as the share repurchase program. The steps outlined above have significantly reduced our cash outlays during the temporary shutdown. We continue to look for additional savings across all areas, including through discussions with our landlords and vendors to identify ways to abate payments, extend payment terms and obtain other concessions to further slow cash outflows. In addition to these steps, we worked to buttress the Company’s balance sheet. In the current environment, preserving liquidity is of paramount importance. We fully drew down the remaining funds available under our existing revolving credit facility and negotiated amendments to certain terms. In mid-April we completed an equity offering that provided a much-needed infusion of capital, but given the uncertain customer demand environment we face, we must do more to shore up our financial outlook. We are exploring the potential to access up to an additional $150 million of debt through the Main Street Lending Program created by the CARES Act, and we continue to explore other sources of additional capital that, if obtained, would extend our operating horizon through this period of uncertainty and recovery. This remains a very fluid situation that we are monitoring closely while complying with all federal, state and local health and safety guidelines and mandates. While we await further clarity on reopening timelines, we are preparing to implement a series of physical alterations and new sanitation and operational processes at our stores designed to promote health, safety and continued social distancing. We believe these steps will help to satisfy the reopening criteria being issued by local authorities, as well as ease lingering guest concerns and hasten their return. We believe the aggressive actions we are taking, although extremely difficult, are necessary for the long-term health of the Company and will help position us to safely reopen our stores and emerge on the other side of this crisis in an even stronger competitive position. Our entire leadership team is focused on navigating through this unprecedented environment, sustained by the strength of our enduring brand and incredible team members. I want to extend a special thanks to those team members across the country who are working tirelessly for Dave & Buster’s, as well as to those team members who are now on furlough. Their passion for our brand and our guests has made us the leaders of our industry. We run the fun. I absolutely cannot wait for the day it is safe to reopen our stores so that we can welcome back our team members and loyal guests and get back to having FUN together. To all of our shareholders: thank you for your continued interest in and support of Dave & Buster’s. We wish you and your families continued good health and look forward to serving up good, clean fun at a store near you as soon as possible. Sincerely, Brian A. Jenkins Chief Executive Officer UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 Form 10-K (Mark One) È ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED February 2, 2020 OR ‘ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO Commission File No. 001-35664 Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State of Incorporation) 35-2382255 (I.R.S. Employer ID) 2481 Mañana Drive, Dallas, Texas, 75220 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) (214) 357-9588 (Registrant’s telephone number) Title of each class Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered Common Stock $0.01 par value Preferred Stock Purchase Rights PLAY PLAY Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None NASDAQ Global Select Market NASDAQ Global Select Market Indicate by checkmark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes È No ‘ Indicate by checkmark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ‘ No È Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes È No ‘ Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes È No ‘ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer È Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company ‘ ‘ Non-accelerated filer Emerging Growth Company ‘ ‘ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ‘ Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ‘ No È The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates, based on the closing price of the last day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $1.3 billion. The number of shares of Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of March 30, 2020 was 30,606,840. Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the registrant’s 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders have been incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC. ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED FEBRUARY 2, 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 3 13 27 28 29 29 30 31 32 48 48 48 49 49 50 50 50 50 50 51 55 BUSINESS ITEM 1. ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS ITEM 2. ITEM 3. ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES PROPERTIES LEGAL PROCEEDINGS PART I PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES ITEM 6. ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA RESULTS OF OPERATIONS ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK ITEM 8. ITEM 9. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES SIGNATURE PAGE PART IV 2 FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Matters discussed in this report and in other public disclosures, both written and oral, include “forward- looking” statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as codified in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. The often include words such as “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “seeks,” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs, such as “may,” “will” “should” “could,” “aims,” “intends,” or “projects,” and similar expressions, whether in the negative or the affirmative. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of the report. These forward-looking statements are all based on currently available operating, financial and competitive information and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Our actual future results and trends may differ materially depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the risk and uncertainties discussed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Given these risks and uncertainties, you should not rely on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. Any or all forward-looking statements contained in this report and other public statements made by us, including by our management, may turn out to be incorrect. We are including this cautionary note to make applicable and take advantage of the safe harbor provision the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. During March 2020, a global pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization related to the rapidly growing outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”). The pandemic has significantly impacted the economic conditions in the United States, with accelerated effects in February and March, as federal, state and local governments react to the public health crisis, creating significant uncertainties in the United States economy. In the interest of public health and safety, jurisdictions (national, state and local) where our stores are located, required mandatory store closures or capacity limitations or other restrictions for those that continued to operate. As of the date of this report, all of our 137 operating stores were closed (including our one new store that opened on March 16, 2020). As a result of these developments, the Company expects a material adverse impact on its revenues, results of operations and cash flows. The situation is rapidly changing and additional impacts to the business may arise that we are not aware of currently. We cannot predict whether, when or the manner in which the conditions surrounding COVID-19 will change including the timing of lifting any restrictions or closure requirements, when our stores will reopen, staffing levels for reopened stores and customer re-engagement with our brand. As a result, the Company is leveraging its balance sheet and has fully drawn its $500,000 revolving credit facility to increase its cash position and help preserve its financial flexibility. ITEM 1. Business PART I Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. (“D&B Entertainment”) is a leading owner and operator of high- volume entertainment and dining venues (“stores”) that operate under the name “Dave & Buster’s”. We offer our customers the opportunity to “Eat Drink Play and Watch” all in one location. We provide our guests the most social, shareable fun, with high-quality food and beverages as well as interactive entertainment options for adults and families to enjoy together. We opened the first Dave & Buster’s store in Dallas, Texas in 1982, and as of February 2, 2020 (the last day of fiscal 2019), we owned and operated 136 stores located in 39 states, Puerto Rico and one Canadian province. Unless otherwise provided in this report, references to “Dave & Buster’s,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” refer to D&B Entertainment and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and any predecessor entities. 3 Our fiscal year consists of 52 or 53 weeks ending on the Sunday after the Saturday closest to January 31. Each quarterly period has 13 weeks, except in a 53-week year when the fourth quarter has 14 weeks. Fiscal 2017 contained 53 weeks. Fiscal 2019, 2018, 2016, and 2015 each contained 52 weeks. We refer to our fiscal years as 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, and 2015 throughout this report. All dollar amounts are presented in thousands, unless otherwise noted, except share and per share amounts. Eat Drink Play and Watch - All Under One Roof We have developed a distinctive brand based on our customer value proposition: “Eat Drink Play and Watch.” The interaction between dining, enjoying our full-service bar, playing games, and watching sports and other entertainment is the defining feature of the Dave & Buster’s customer experience. We believe this combination creates an experience at a single location that cannot be easily replicated elsewhere. Our stores are also designed to accommodate premium sports viewing events, private parties, business functions and other corporate-sponsored events. We believe we appeal to a diverse customer base by creating a highly customizable experience in a dynamic and fun setting. Eat We strive to differentiate our food with quality, flavorful offerings. We have made improvements to many of our food items and have renewed our focus on cooking technique and execution. We have also significantly reduced the number of menu items to enable better execution. While our menu appeals to a broad spectrum of customers, we continue to evolve it to reflect the changing tastes of our target guests, with options for full meals as well as grabbing an appetizer to share with friends. We deliver high-quality offerings, including a wide variety of starters, one-of-a-kind burgers, choice-grade steaks, and health-conscious options comparable to those of other higher-end casual dining operators. We believe our broad menu offers something for everyone and is appropriate for many different occasions. To ensure that we stay on-trend, we roll out menus that feature new food items two times a year. Our food revenues, which include non-alcoholic beverages, accounted for approximately 68% of our food and beverage revenues and approximately 28% of our total revenues during fiscal 2019. Drink Each of our locations also offers full bar service, including a variety of beers, hand-crafted cocktails, and premium spirits. We have re-crafted recipes and switched to more fresh juices and purees and house-made mixers and reduced the number of featured cocktails in our beverage menu to improve focus and execution by our bartender staff. Beverage service is typically available throughout the entire store, allowing for multiple point of sale opportunities. We believe that our high margin beverage offering is complementary to each of the Eat, Play and Watch aspects of our brand. Our alcoholic beverage revenues accounted for approximately 32% of our total food and beverage revenues and approximately 13% of our total revenues during fiscal 2019. Play The games in our Midway are a key aspect of the Dave & Buster’s entertainment experience, which we believe is the core differentiating feature of our brand. The Midway in each of our stores is an area where we offer a wide array of amusement and entertainment options, some of which are exclusive to Dave & Buster’s on a permanent or temporary basis. Each of our stores typically has 150 redemption and simulation games as well as our proprietary virtual reality platform that we introduced in fiscal 2018. Most of our games are activated by game play credits on cards or other RFID devices (collectively, “Power Cards”). A customer purchases the game play credits or “chips” at an automated kiosk, through a mobile application or from an employee. Our amusement and other revenues accounted for approximately 59% of our total revenues during fiscal 2019. Redemption games, which represented approximately 71% of our amusement and other revenues in fiscal 2019, offer our customers the opportunity to win tickets that are redeemable at a retail-style space in our stores that we have branded WIN!, with prizes ranging from branded novelty items to high-end electronics. We believe this 4 “opportunity to win” creates a fun and highly energized social experience that is an important aspect of the Dave & Buster’s in-store experience and cannot be easily replicated at home. Many of our non-redemption games, which include our virtual reality, video and simulation offerings, can be played by multiple customers simultaneously and include some of the latest high-tech games that are commercially available. These games represented approximately 26% of our amusement and other revenues in fiscal 2019. Other traditional amusements, such as billiards and bowling, represented the remainder of our amusement revenues in fiscal 2019. Watch Sports-viewing is another key component of the entertainment experience at Dave & Buster’s. All of our stores have multiple large screen televisions and high-quality audio systems providing customers with a venue for watching live sports and other televised events. Our “D&B Sports” areas provide an immersive viewing environment that provides customers with large, high definition televisions, to watch community-focused programming and enjoy our full bar and extensive food menu. We believe that we have created an attractive and comfortable environment that includes a differentiated and interactive viewing experience that offers a reason for customers to visit Dave & Buster’s. Through continued development of the D&B Sports concept in new stores and additional renovations of existing stores, our goal is to build awareness of D&B Sports as “the best place to watch sports” and the “only place to watch the games and play the games.” In fiscal 2019, we enhanced the Watch experience of our dining rooms in some of our existing stores through the installation of “Wow Walls”, LED television displays that create high-energy, contemporary, sports and entertainment-oriented dining areas. This cutting-edge visual technology, which has been deployed across 50 stores as of the end of fiscal 2019, is designed to differentiate Dave & Buster’s for delivering sport content relative to our competitors and to provide opportunities around our programming and marketing relative to the Wow Wall to build awareness and drive traffic. Competitive Positioning The out-of-home entertainment market is highly competitive. We compete for customers’ discretionary entertainment dollars with providers of out-of-home entertainment, including localized attraction facilities such as movie theaters, sporting events, bowling alleys, sports activity centers, arcades and entertainment centers, night clubs and restaurants as well as theme parks. We also face competition from local, regional and national establishments that offer entertainment experiences similar to ours and restaurants that are highly competitive with respect to price, quality of service, location, ambience and type and quality of food. Some of these establishments may exist in multiple locations, and we may also face competition on a national basis in the future from other concepts that are similar to ours. We also face competition from increasingly sophisticated home- based forms of entertainment, such as internet and video gaming and home movie streaming and delivery. The key elements that drive our total customer experience and help position us from a competitive standpoint, include the following: Strong, distinctive brand with broad customer appeal. We believe that the multi-faceted customer experience of “Eat Drink Play and Watch” at Dave & Buster’s, supported by our national marketing, has helped us create a widely recognized brand. Nationally, over 80% of casual dining customers are aware of our brand as a dining and entertainment venue. Our customer research also shows that our brand appeals to a relatively balanced mix of male and female adults, as well as families and teenagers, in low to middle-income households. Multi-faceted customer experience highlights our value proposition. We believe that our combination of interactive games, attractive television viewing areas, high-quality dining and full-service beverage offerings, delivered in a highly-energized atmosphere, provides a multi-faceted customer experience that cannot be easily replicated at home or elsewhere without having to visit multiple destinations. We aim to offer our customers a value proposition comparable or superior to many of the separately available dining and entertainment options. 5 We are continuously working with game manufacturers and others to create new games and attractions that include content that is exclusively available at Dave & Buster’s on a permanent or temporary basis. Our new games in combination with new food and beverage offerings and focused attention to the customer experience help us to retain and generate customer traffic. Our value proposition is enhanced by marketing initiatives, including free game play that often features the introduction of our new games, Super Charge Power Card offerings (when purchasing or adding value to a Power Card, the customer is given the opportunity to add more chips to the Power Card at a lower cost per chip amount), and Half-Price Game Play (every Wednesday, from open to close, we reduce the price of every game in the Midway by one-half). In addition, we expanded the “All You Can Eat” wings limited time promotional offer in fiscal 2019. We believe these initiatives encourage customers to participate more fully across our broad range of food, beverage and entertainment offerings. Vibrant, contemporary store design that integrates entertainment and dining. We continue to enhance the Dave & Buster’s brand through our store design, including our D&B Sports concept. Our core store design provides a contemporary, engaging atmosphere for our customers with clearly differentiated spaces designed to convey the components of our customer value proposition: “Eat Drink Play and Watch.” Our core store design in all our formats includes a modern approach to the finishes and layout of the store, which we believe encourages participation across each of the store’s elements. The oversized graphics and images throughout the store are intended to communicate our brand personality by being fun, contemporary and larger-than-life. The dining room décor includes booth and table seating and colorful artwork, often featuring local landmarks. Our WIN! area provides a retail-like environment where customers can redeem their tickets for prizes. We believe our D&B Sports area provides an attractive opportunity to market our broader platform to new and existing customers through a year-round calendar of programming and promotions tied to popular sporting events and sport-related activities. The large television screens, comfortable seating, a full menu of food and beverages and artwork often featuring images of local sports teams and sports icons help create what we believe to be an exciting environment for watching sports programming. Strong history of growth. We have a proven track record of improving operating results and expanding the footprint of our brand and over the past five fiscal years, we have increased our net income by $92,627, EBITDA margins by approximately 130 basis points and our Adjusted EBITDA Margins (both defined in Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP Financial Measures”) by approximately 120 basis points. During times of normal operations, we expect our continued focus on operating performance at individual stores and leveraging general and administrative expense and advertising expense will positively impact operating margins and will partially offset pressure from wage inflation and occupancy costs, although there is no guarantee that our efforts will be successful. Store model generates favorable store economics and strong returns. We believe our store model offering entertainment, food and beverages provides certain benefits in comparison to traditional restaurant concepts, as reflected by our fiscal 2019 average annual comparable store revenues of $10,500, average comparable store operating income margins of 19.4% and comparable Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization Margins (defined in Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Non-GAAP Financial Measures”) of 28.5%. Our entertainment offerings have low variable costs and produced gross margins of 89.2% for fiscal 2019. With approximately 59% of our revenues from entertainment, we have less exposure than traditional restaurant concepts to food costs, which represented only 8% of our total revenues in fiscal 2019. Our business model generates strong cash flow that we can use to execute our growth strategy. We believe the combination of our operating income margins, our Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization Margins, our refined new store formats and the fact that our stores typically open with high volumes that drive margins in year one will help us achieve our targeted average year one cash-on-cash returns of approximately 35% and five-year average cash-on-cash returns in excess of 25% for both our large format and small format store openings. Historical cash-on-cash returns through fiscal 2019 have been well above target, however, there is no guarantee such results will continue with future store openings. We define and calculate cash-on-cash returns for an 6 individual store as (a) Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization, excluding pre-opening expenses, national marketing expense allocation, non-cash charges related to asset disposals, currency transactions and changes in non-cash deferred amusement revenue, divided by (b) our net development costs. Net development costs include equipment, building, leaseholds and site costs, net of tenant improvement allowances and other landlord payments, excluding pre-opening costs and capitalized interest. Commitment to customer satisfaction. We aim to enhance our combination of food, beverage and entertainment offerings through our service philosophy of providing a high quality and consistent customer experience through dedicated training and development of our team members and a corporate culture that encourages employee engagement. In 2019, 86.0% of respondents to our Guest Satisfaction Survey rated us “Top Box” (score of 5 out of a possible 5) in “Overall Experience” and 87.2% of respondents rated us “Top Box” in “Intent to Recommend.” By comparison, in 2012, 80.6% of respondents rated us “Top Box” in “Overall Experience” and 83.6% of respondents rated us “Top Box” in “Intent to Recommend.” Through our loyalty program, we email offers and coupons to members and notify them of new games, food, drinks and local events. In addition, members can earn game play credits based on the dollar amount of qualifying purchases at our stores. We expect that as our loyalty program grows it will be an important method of maintaining customers’ connection with our brand and further drive customer satisfaction. Strategy During fiscal 2019, we focused on refreshing our strategy and customer experience to set us up for the next phase of growth. As part of this initiative, we commissioned external consultants to provide insight and review opportunities to assist in refreshing our strategy built on the following key components: Drive our comparable store sales. We intend to differentiate our brand from other food and entertainment alternatives and drive our comparable sales, in an increasingly competitive landscape, through the following strategies: • Offer the latest entertainment to enjoy together. We believe that our Midway games are the core differentiating feature of the Dave & Buster’s brand and staying current with the latest offerings creates new content and excitement to allow our guests to play with friends and meet new people, including the latest multiplayer games and challenges. We plan to continually update our games each year through development of innovative and proprietary games and the purchase of new games that will resonate with our customers and drive brand relevance due to a variety of factors, including their large scale, eye-catching appearance, virtual reality features, association with recognizable brands or the fact that they cannot be easily replicated at home. We also intend to continue leveraging our investments in the best and latest audio-visual technology for guests’ watching experience. We intend to be our guests’ top-of-mind destination for inspiring and engaging community-focused programming at the best place to watch exactly what they want and how they want. • Continually enhance our food and beverage offerings. We intend to provide food and beverage offerings that our guests want and crave. Our menu has a variety of items, from hamburgers to steaks to salads that represent our “Crafting Craveability” mantra, and our strategy is to create unique food and beverage options that spark the social experience. We aim to ensure a pipeline for two new menu launches each year, as well as two to three limited time offers. This strategy has been well received by our customers as the percentage of customers rating our food quality as “Excellent” was 86.1% in fiscal 2019. Similarly, the percentage of customers rating our beverage quality as “Excellent” in fiscal 2019 was 89.9%. • Align team and integrated experience. We intend to create social collisions within our team and our stores that bring our experience to life for our guests. We plan to systematically revitalize and refresh our existing store base with guest-facing best practices and evolve the store layout to drive social collisions across an integrated experience. We will refresh our commitment to serving guests through an improved hiring, training and service model, and our team will help create fun and bring our new strategies to life. 7 • Drive guest engagement. We believe that there is potential to increase customer frequency by enhancing the in-store and out-of-store customer experience via digital and mobile strategic initiatives. We continue to optimize our search, programmatic media and paid social media to create customer engagement and drive recurring customer visitation. In addition, we will continue to leverage our customer relationship management program and our growing loyalty database, by delivering more targeted individualized offers and creative content. Invest in new stores. We believe that the Dave & Buster’s brand has significant growth opportunities, as internal studies and third-party research suggests a total store potential in the United States and Canada in excess of 230 stores (including our 136 stores as of the end of fiscal 2019). We opened sixteen stores in fiscal 2019. While our near-term objective is to continue to pursue disciplined store growth in both new and existing markets, the actual number of openings for fiscal 2020 will depend on many factors, including our ability to locate appropriate sites, negotiate acceptable purchase or lease terms, generate sufficient operating cash flows or utilize available cash to finance construction of leasehold improvements and pre-opening costs, obtain necessary local governmental permits, and recruit and train management and hourly personnel. We believe that the location of stores is critical to our long-term success. The experience and relationships of our current development team has enabled us to focus our attention on the most relevant network of real estate brokers, which has given us access to a larger pool of qualified potential store sites. In addition, we believe the more contemporary look of our stores has been one of the key drivers in attracting new developers and building our new store pipeline. We devote significant time and resources to strategically analyze each prospective market, trade area and site. We continually identify, evaluate and update our database of potential locations for expansion. We base new site selection on an analytical evaluation of a set of drivers we believe increase the probability of successful, high-volume stores, including site visibility, accessibility and traffic volume, and trade area demographics. We currently operate stores varying in size from 16,000 to 70,000 square feet. To optimize sales per square foot and further enhance our store economics we currently utilize three basic formats when designing new stores. The target size of our future large format stores is expected to be between 30,001 and 45,000 square feet, the target size of our future medium format stores is expected to be between 25,001 and 30,000 square feet while our small format stores are below 25,000 square feet. At February 2, 2020, we operated 109 large format stores, 17 medium format stores and 10 small format stores. We utilize smaller format stores to penetrate less densely populated markets and backfill existing markets. The smaller format has reduced the back-of-house space and optimized the sales area dedicated to video and redemption games. We believe that the smaller format maintains the dynamic customer experience that is the foundation of our brand and allows us flexibility in our site selection process. We also believe that the smaller store format allows us to take less capital investment risk per store. Our fiscal 2019 new store openings included thirteen large format stores and three medium format stores. Advertising and Marketing We use advertising and marketing to build awareness and strengthen our brand relevance. We spent approximately $44,834 in marketing efforts in fiscal 2019, $40,767 in fiscal 2018, and $37,876 in fiscal 2017. To drive traffic and increase visit frequency and average check size, the bulk of our advertising budget is allocated to national cable television media. To enhance that effort, we also conduct digital initiatives including search engine marketing, mobile campaigns, programmatic marketing and social media, maintain and optimize the website for search, implement periodic promotions and create in-store point-of-purchase materials, and create local marketing plans to address specific objectives in individual stores or markets. We work with external advertising, digital, media and design agencies in the development and execution of these programs. During fiscal 2019, we continued our investment in developing and implementing new technology platforms that will allow us to digitally engage with our customers and team members and strengthen our marketing and analytics capabilities in an increasingly connected society. We launched a new mobile application during the 8 second half of fiscal 2019 to enhance existing customer satisfaction and attract new ones by providing periodic exclusive offers and discounts and providing a convenient way to purchase Power Cards. We also intend to leverage the new mobile application to build our loyalty program in the future. We utilize a number of other initiatives to continually improve our market effectiveness, including refining our marketing strategy to better reach both young adults and families, creating new advertising campaigns, investing in menu research and development to differentiate our food offerings from our competition and improve key product attributes (quality, consistency, value and overall customer satisfaction) and execution, developing product/promotional strategies to attract new customers and increase spending/length of stay, and reflecting a consistent brand identity that represents our positioning and commitment to quality. Our special event marketing programs are managed by our sales department, which provides direction, training, and support to the special events managers and their teams within each store. They are supported by a special event call center located at our corporate office, targeted print and online media plans, as well as promotional incentives at appropriate times during the year. In addition, we have online booking for social parties in order to provide additional convenience in booking events for our customers. Management We believe we are led by a strong senior management team averaging over 20 years of experience with national brands in all aspects of casual dining, entertainment and other consumer centric operations. We believe that our management team’s prior experience combined with its experience at Dave & Buster’s provides us with insights into our customer base and enables us to create the dynamic environment that is core to our brand. Our typical store team consists of a General Manager supported by an average of eight additional management positions. There is a defined structure of development and progression of job responsibilities from Area Operations Manager through various positions up to the General Manager role. This structure ensures that an adequate succession plan exists within each store. Each management member handles various departments within the store including responsibility for hourly employees. A typical store employs approximately 110 hourly employees, most of whom work part time. The General Manager and the management team are responsible for the day-to-day operation of that store, including the hiring, training and development of team members, as well as financial and operational performance. Each store is overseen by a Regional Operations Manager, Regional Operations Director or Vice President of Operations (collectively, “Regional Management”) who directly or indirectly report to our Chief Operating Officer. Our stores are generally open seven days a week, from 11:30 a.m. to midnight on Sunday through Thursday and 11:30 a.m. to 2:00 a.m. on Friday and Saturday. Training We strive to maintain quality and consistency in each of our stores through the careful training and supervision of our team members and the establishment of, and adherence to, high standards relating to personnel performance, food and beverage preparation, game playability and maintenance of our stores. We provide all new team members with complete orientation and one-on-one training for their positions to help ensure they are able to meet our high standards. All of our new team members are trained by partnering with a certified trainer to assure that the training and information they receive is complete and accurate. Team members are certified for their positions by passing a series of tests, including alcohol awareness training. We require our new store managers to complete an eight-week training program that includes front-of-house service, kitchen, amusements and management responsibilities. Newly trained managers are then assigned to their home store where they receive additional training with their General Manager. We place a high priority on our continuing management development programs in order to ensure that qualified managers are available for our future openings. We conduct semi-annual evaluations with each manager to discuss prior performance and future performance goals. We hold an annual General Manager conference in which our General Managers share best practices and also receive an update on our business plan. 9 When we open a new store, we provide varying levels of training to team members in each position to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of the store from the first day it opens to the public. Prior to opening a new store, our dedicated training and opening team travels to the store to prepare for an intensive two-week training program for all team members hired for the new store opening. Part of the training team stays on site during the first week of operation. We believe this additional investment in our new stores is important, because it helps us provide our customers with a quality experience from day one. After a store has been opened and is operating smoothly, the store managers supervise the training of new team members. Recruiting and Retention We seek to hire experienced managers and team members and offer competitive wage and benefit programs. Our store managers all participate in a performance-based incentive program that is based on sales and profit goals. In addition, our salaried and hourly employees are also eligible to participate in a 401(k) plan, medical/ dental/vision insurance plans and receive vacation/paid time off based on tenure. Additionally, General Managers are eligible for long-term incentive awards depending upon operating performance. Information Technology and Cyber Security We utilize a number of proprietary and third-party management information systems. These systems are designed to enable our games’ functionality, improve operating efficiencies, provide us with timely access to financial and marketing data and reduce store and corporate administrative time and expense. We believe our management information systems are sufficient to support our business plans. Information systems projects are prioritized based upon strategic, financial, regulatory and other business advantage criteria. Our managers have daily routines focused on driving consistent execution in food, beverage and gaming. We utilize a customized food and beverage analysis program that determines the theoretical food and beverage costs for each store and provides additional tools and reports to help us identify opportunities, including waste management. In addition to our own routines, we leverage a third-party vendor to help ensure quality beverage operations, responsible alcohol service and loss prevention. A mobile salesmanship application with daily sales contests is used by our management team to evaluate sales performance by shift and to drive staff engagement. We have developed tools to forecast sales and schedule labor to assist our managers in optimizing hourly labor based on anticipated sales volumes. This program was enhanced during fiscal 2018 with the introduction of a new workforce management platform which offers real time data that allows management to quickly add or reduce labor based on business needs. Our amusement team uses a proprietary system that is supported by a mobile application that identifies gaming issues and needed repairs to help ensure our games are operational and meeting our ideal playing standard. Complementing this program is our routine preventative maintenance program, designed to prevent game failure and extend the functionality of our midway games. To maximize the performance of our new store openings, we have a “New Store Gold Card” process that defines a clear path and timeline to bring each new store in line with our established store efficiencies. Consolidated reporting tools for the key drivers of our business are provided to our Regional Management to identify and troubleshoot any systemic issues. During 2019, we invested in connectivity and data infrastructure to modernize and upgrade the capacity of our store systems, continued work on new, customer facing digital experiences, such as the launch of our new mobile application that supports in-store and off-premise amusement entertainment, and deployed hand-held point-of-sale devices to a limited group of stores. We accept electronic payment cards from our customers for payment in our stores. We also receive and maintain certain personal information about our customers and employees. We have systems and processes in place that focus on the protection of our customers’ credit card information and other private information we are required to protect, such as our employees’ personal information. Our existing cyber security policy includes cyber security techniques, tactics and procedures, including continuous monitory and detection programs, 10 network protections, employee training and awareness and incident response preparedness. In addition, we periodically scan our environment for any vulnerability, perform penetration testing and engage third parties to assess effectiveness of our data security practices. Food Preparation, Quality Control and Purchasing We strive to maintain high food quality standards. To ensure our quality standards are met, we negotiate directly with independent producers of food products. We provide detailed quality and yield specifications to suppliers for our purchases. Our systems are designed to protect the safety and quality of our food supply throughout the procurement and preparation process. Within each store, the Kitchen Manager is primarily responsible for ensuring the timely and correct preparation of food products, per the recipes we specify. We provide each of our stores with various tools and training to facilitate these activities. Foreign Operations We own and operate two stores outside of the United States, in the Canadian province of Ontario. These stores generated revenues of approximately $18,649, $18,848 and $20,075 in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, representing approximately 1.4%, 1.5%, and 1.8%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues. As of February 2, 2020, less than 2.0% of our long-lived assets were located outside of the United States. The foreign activities of these stores are subject to various risks of doing business in a foreign country, including currency fluctuations, changes in laws and regulations and economic and political stability. We do not believe there is any material risk associated with the Canadian operations or any dependence by the domestic business upon the Canadian operations. Store-Level Quarterly Fluctuations and Seasonality Our revenues are influenced by seasonal shifts in consumer spending. Typically, we have higher revenues associated with the spring and year-end holidays, which will continue to be susceptible to the impact of severe or unseasonably mild weather on customer traffic and sales during that period. Our third quarter, which encompasses the back-to-school fall season, has historically had lower revenues as compared to other quarters. Suppliers The principal goods used by us are redemption game prizes and food and beverage products, which are available from a number of suppliers. We currently purchase a significant amount of our amusement merchandise through a direct import program, a program in which we purchase WIN! merchandise and certain glassware, plateware and furniture directly from offshore manufacturers. We are a large buyer of traditional and amusement games and as a result believe we receive discounted pricing arrangements. Federal and state health care mandates and mandated increases in the minimum wage and other macro-economic pressures could have the repercussion of increasing expenses, as suppliers may be adversely impacted and seek to pass on higher costs to us. Intellectual Property We have registered the trademarks Dave & Buster’s®, Power Card®, Eat & Play Combo®, Eat Drink Play®, and Eat Drink Play Watch®, and have registered or applied to register certain additional trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in various foreign countries. We consider our tradename and our logo to be important features of our operations and seek to actively monitor and protect our interest in this property in the various jurisdictions where we operate. We also have certain trade secrets, such as our recipes, processes, proprietary information and certain software programs that we protect by requiring all of our employees to sign a code of ethics, which includes an agreement to keep trade secrets confidential. 11 Government Regulation We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws affecting our business. For a discussion of the risks and potential impact on our business of a failure by us to comply with applicable laws and regulations, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors”. Each of our stores is subject to permitting and licensing requirements and regulations by a number of government authorities, which may include, among others, alcoholic beverage control, health and safety, sanitation, environmental, labor and zoning. The development and construction of new stores is subject to compliance with applicable zoning, land use and environmental regulations. We must comply with laws and regulations relating to the preparation and sale of food, including regulations regarding product safety, nutritional content and menu labeling. We are also subject to federal, state and local laws that govern health benefits, employment practices and working conditions, including minimum wage rates, wage and hour practices, gratuities, overtime, various family leave mandates, discrimination and harassment, immigration, workplace safety and other areas. In California, we are subject to the Private Attorneys General Act, which authorizes employees to file lawsuits to recover civil penalties on behalf of themselves, other employees, and the State of California for labor code violation. We must comply with laws relating to information security, consumer credit protection and fraud, and data privacy laws and standards for the protection of personal and health information. Employees As of February 2, 2020, we employed 15,908 persons, 269 of whom served at our corporate headquarters, 1,255 of whom served as management personnel and the remainder of whom were hourly personnel. However, due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, all but approximately 165 of our store and corporate employees are currently on furlough. None of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements and we have never experienced an organized work stoppage, strike or labor dispute. We believe working conditions and compensation packages are competitive with those offered by competitors and consider our relations with our employees to be good. Available Information Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge through our internet website, at www.daveandbusters.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Such reports may also be obtained on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Information on our corporate governance principles and practices can also be found on our website. 12 ITEM 1A. Risk Factors Various risks and uncertainties could affect our business. In addition to the information contained elsewhere in this report and other filings that we make with the SEC, the risk factors described below could have a material impact on our business, financial condition, results of operation, cash flows or the trading price of our common stock. It is not possible to identify all risk factors. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also impair our business operations. Macroeconomic Risks COVID-19 has had an adverse effect that is material on our business and may continue to do so. During March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the rapidly growing coronavirus outbreak to be a global pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted health and economic conditions throughout the United States. Federal, state and local governments took a variety of actions to contain the spread of COVID-19. Many jurisdictions where our stores are located required mandatory store closures or imposed capacity limitations and other restrictions affecting our operations. As of March 20, 2020, all of our 137 operating stores were temporarily closed, including our newest store that opened on March 16, 2020. These developments have caused a material adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Our business continuity team also led our crisis response efforts to ensure continuity of operations as we closed stores and the corporate office. We reduced expenses broadly, including by furloughing nearly all of workforce except a small team of essential personnel, reducing pay and benefits for remaining employees, cutting back capital spending, and halting all planned store openings. We also suspended our share repurchase program and our dividend, and fully drew down the remaining credit available under our $500,000 revolving credit facility as of the date of this filing. We cannot predict how soon we will be able to reopen our stores and, as, our ability to reopen will depend in part on the actions of a number of governmental bodies over which we have no control. Moreover, once restrictions are lifted, it is unclear how quickly customers will return to our stores, which may be a function of continued concerns over safety and/or depressed consumer sentiment due to adverse economic conditions, including job losses. Considering the significant uncertainty as to when we can reopen some or all of our stores and the uncertain customer demand environment, in addition to the actions described above, we: • • • have begun discussions with our landlords, vendors, and other business partners to reduce our lease and contract payments and obtain other concessions; are in discussion with our lenders to obtain covenant relief to avoid events of default; and are in active dialogue with multiple potential investors to secure additional sources of financing. While our lenders have granted a waiver of any event of default associated with receiving an auditor’s report indicating a substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in connection with our year-end audit, and some landlords and business partners have agreed to certain concessions, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining all of the relief we are seeking. Failure to obtain such a waiver would have a material adverse effect on the liquidity, financial condition and results of operations and may result in filing a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in order to implement a restructuring plan. The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused significant disruptions to the Company’s ability to generate profitability and cash flows, and uncertainty regarding the length of the disruption may adversely impact our ability to raise additional capital. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows will depend on our ability to have sufficient liquidity until such time as our stores can again generate revenue and profits capable of supporting our ongoing operations, all of which remain highly uncertain at this time. 13 As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, our financial statements contain a statement regarding a substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern Our audited financial statements as of and for the year ended February 2, 2020 were prepared on the assumption that we would continue as a going concern. As a result of the factors described above under “COVID-19 has had an adverse effect that is material on our business and may continue to do so,” our management has determined that there is a substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern over the next twelve months and our independent auditors have included a “going concern” explanatory paragraph in their report on our financial statements as of and for the year ended February 2, 2020. Assuming we are able to obtain financial covenant waivers from our lenders (as to which there currently is no assurance), our ability to continue as a going concern over the next twelve months will depend upon a series of factors, including the duration of our store shutdowns; the speed with which, and the extent to which, customers return to our stores once they open; our success in obtaining rent and other concessions from our landlords; and our ability to raise additional capital. Risks Related to our Business and Industry If we are unable to successfully design and execute a business strategy plan, our revenues and profitability may be adversely affected. Our ability to increase revenues and profitability is dependent on designing and executing effective business strategies. If we are delayed or unsuccessful in executing our strategies or if our strategies do not yield the desired results, our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer. Our ability to meet our business strategy plan is dependent upon, among other things, our ability to: • • • • • • increase gross sales and operating profits at our existing stores with game, food and beverage options desired by our customers; evolve our marketing and branding strategies to appeal to our customers; innovate and implement technology initiatives to provide a unique digital customer experience; identify adequate sources of capital to fund and finance strategic initiatives, including new store openings, remodeling existing stores and new game development; grow and expand operations, including identifying available, suitable and economically viable sites for new stores; and improve the speed and quality of our service. The success of our growth strategy depends on our ability to open and operate new stores profitably. Our ability to timely and efficiently open new stores and to operate these stores on a profitable basis is dependent on numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including our ability to: • • • • • • • find quality locations; reach acceptable agreements regarding the lease or purchase of locations; comply with applicable zoning, licensing, land use and environmental regulations; raise or have available an adequate amount of cash or currently available financing for construction and opening costs; timely hire, train and retain the skilled management and other employees necessary to meet staffing needs; obtain, for acceptable cost, required permits and approvals, including liquor and amusement licenses; efficiently manage the amount of time and money used to build and open each new store; 14 • • in new markets in which we open, attract customers who may be unfamiliar with our stores or concept or may have different consumer tastes and discretionary spending patterns than our existing stores; open a new store in an existing market without significantly reducing revenues at our existing stores; and • meet or exceed our performance targets, including target cash-on-cash returns. The timing of new store openings may result in significant fluctuations in our quarterly performance. We typically incur most cash pre-opening costs for a new store within the two months immediately preceding, and the month of, the store’s opening. In addition, the labor and operating costs for a newly opened store during the first three to six months of operation are materially greater than what can be expected after that time, both in aggregate dollars and as a percentage of revenues. Additionally, a portion of a current fiscal year new store capital expenditures is related to stores that are not expected to open until the following fiscal year. Due to these substantial up-front financial requirements to open new stores, the investment risk related to any single store is much larger than that associated with many other restaurants or entertainment venues. We may not be able to compete favorably in the highly competitive out-of-home and home-based entertainment and restaurant markets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. The out-of-home entertainment market is highly competitive. We compete for customers’ discretionary entertainment dollars with providers of out-of-home entertainment, including localized attraction facilities such as movie theatres, sporting events, bowling alleys, sports activity centers, arcades and entertainment centers, nightclubs and restaurants as well as theme parks. Many of the entities operating these businesses are larger and have significantly greater financial resources, a greater number of stores, have been in business longer, have greater name recognition and are better established in the markets where our stores are located or are planned to be located. As a result, they may be able to invest greater resources than we can in attracting customers and succeed in attracting customers who would otherwise come to our stores. The legalization of casino gambling in geographic areas near any current or future store and the expanded availability of online sports betting would create the possibility for entertainment alternatives, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. We also face competition from local, regional and national establishments that offer similar entertainment experiences to ours and restaurants that are highly competitive with respect to price, quality of service, location, ambience and type and quality of food. We also face competition from increasingly sophisticated home-based forms of entertainment, such as internet and video gaming and home movie streaming and delivery. Our failure to compete favorably in the competitive out-of-home and home-based entertainment and restaurant markets could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Information technology system failures or interruptions may impact our ability to effectively operate our business. We rely heavily on various information technology systems, including point-of-sale, kiosk and amusement operations systems in our stores, data centers that process transactions, communication systems and various other software applications used throughout our operations. Some of these systems have been internally developed or we rely on third party providers and platforms for some of these information technology systems and support. Although we have operational safeguards in place, those technology systems and solutions could become vulnerable to damage, disability or failures due to theft, fire, power outages, telecommunications failure or other catastrophic events. Any failure of these systems could significantly impact our operations. We rely on third- party service providers for certain key elements of our operations including credit card processing, telecommunications and utilities. Our reliance on systems operated by third parties also present the risk faced by the third party’s business, including the operational, security and credit risks of those parties. If those systems were to fail or otherwise be unavailable, and we were unable to timely recover, we could experience an interruption in our operations. 15 Cyber security breaches or other privacy or data security incidents that expose confidential customer, personal employee or other material, confidential information that is stored in our information systems or by third parties on our behalf may impact our business. A cyber incident generally refers to any intentional attack or an unintentional event that results in unauthorized access to systems to disrupt operations, corrupt data or steal or expose confidential information or intellectual property. Many of our information technology systems (and those of our third-party business partners, whether cloud-based or hosted in proprietary servers), including those used for point-of-sale, web and mobile platforms, mobile payment systems and administrative functions, contain personal, financial or other information that is entrusted to us by our customers and employees. Many of our information technology systems also contain proprietary and other confidential information related to our business, such as business plans and initiatives. A cyber incident that compromises the information of our customers or employees could result in widespread negative publicity, damage to our reputation, a loss of customers, and disruption of our business. The regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding, with the frequent imposition of new and constantly changing requirements. Compliance with these requirements can be costly and time-consuming and the costs could adversely impact our results of operations due to necessary system changes and the development of new administrative processes. The California Privacy Act of 2018, which became effective on January 1, 2020, provides a new private right of action for data breaches and requires companies that process information about California residents to make new disclosures to consumers about their data collection, use and sharing practices and allow consumers to opt out of certain data sharing with third parties. Security breaches could also result in a violation of applicable privacy and other laws, and subject us to private consumer, business partner or securities litigation and governmental investigations and proceedings, any of which could result in our exposure to material civil or criminal liability. We are required to maintain the highest level of Payment Card Industry (“PCI”) Data Security Standard compliance at our corporate office and stores. If we do not maintain the required level of PCI compliance, we could be subject to costly fines or additional fees from the card brands that we accept or lose our ability to accept those payment cards. Additionally, an increasing number of government and industry groups have established laws and standards for the protection of personal and health information. Our existing cyber security policy includes cyber security techniques, tactics and procedures, including continuous monitoring and detection programs, network protections, employee training and awareness and incident response preparedness. In addition, we periodically scan our environment for any vulnerabilities, perform penetration testing and engage third parties to assess effectiveness of our security measures. We began utilizing a voluntary tool to help manage privacy risk by independently benchmarking our cyber security program to a national framework, which provides privacy protection strategies to organizations, like us, looking to improve their approach to using and protecting personal data. Although we employ security technologies and practices and have taken other steps to try to prevent a breach, there are no assurances that such measures will prevent or detect cyber security breaches, and we may nevertheless not have the resources or technical sophistication to prevent rapidly evolving types of cyberattacks. We maintain a separate insurance policy covering cybersecurity risks and such insurance coverage may, subject to policy terms and conditions, cover certain aspects of cyber risks, but this policy is subject to a retention amount and may not be applicable to a particular incident or otherwise may be insufficient to cover all our losses beyond any retention. Further, considering recent court rulings, there is uncertainty as to whether traditional commercial general liability policies will be construed to cover the expenses related to cyberattacks and breaches if credit and debit card information is stolen. We have been and likely will continue to be, the target of cyber and other security threats. In fiscal 2007, there was an external breach of our credit card processing systems, which led to fraudulent credit card activity and resulted in the payment of fines and reimbursements for the fraudulent credit card activity. As part of a settlement with the Federal Trade Commission, we have implemented a series of corrective measures in order to ensure that our computer systems are secure and that our customers’ personal information is protected. If in the 16 future, we experience another security breach, we could become subject to claims, lawsuits or other proceedings for purportedly fraudulent transactions arising out of the theft of credit or debit card information, compromised security and information systems, failure of our employees to comply with applicable laws, the unauthorized acquisition or use of such information by third parties, or other similar claims. In addition, such breach could put us in violation of our settlement agreement with the Federal Trade Commission. Changes in consumer preferences and buying patterns could negatively affect our results of operations. The success of our stores depends in large part on leased locations. Our locations are primarily located near high density retail areas such as regional malls, lifestyle centers, big box shopping centers and entertainment centers. We depend on a high volume of visitors at these centers to attract customers to our locations. As demographic and economic patterns change, current locations may or may not continue to be attractive or profitable. E-commerce or online shopping continues to increase and negatively impact consumer traffic at traditional “brick and mortar” retail sites located in regional malls, lifestyle centers, big box shopping centers and entertainment centers. A decline in development or closures of businesses in these settings or a decline in visitors to retail areas near our locations could negatively affect our sales. In addition, desirable locations for the relocation of existing locations may not be available at an acceptable cost, due in part, to the inability to easily terminate a long-term lease. Consumers have continually changing health or dietary preferences. As a result, we are challenged to evolve our food and beverage menu offerings to appeal to these changing customer preferences, while maintaining our brand character and retaining popular menu items. New information or changes in dietary, nutritional, allergen or health guidelines or environmental or sustainability concerns, whether issued by governmental agencies, academic studies, advocacy organizations or similar groups, may cause some groups of consumers to select foods other than those that are offered by our store. Additionally, it is unclear currently if the COVID-19 pandemic may have a lasting impact on consumer demand. If we fail to anticipate changing trends or other consumer preferences, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. Advances in technologies or certain changes in consumer behavior driven by such technologies could have a negative effect on our business. Technology and consumer offerings continue to develop, and we expect new or enhanced technologies and consumer offerings will be available in the future. As part of our marketing efforts, we use a variety of digital platforms including search engines, mobile, online videos and social media platforms such as Facebook®, Twitter® and Instagram® to attract and retain customers. We also test new technology platforms to improve our level of digital engagement with our customers and employees to help strengthen our marketing and related consumer analytics capabilities. These initiatives may not prove to be successful and may result in expenses incurred without the benefit of higher revenues or increased engagement. Unfavorable publicity or a failure to respond effectively to adverse publicity, could harm our business. Our brand and our reputation are among our most important assets. Our ability to attract and retain customers depends, in part, upon the external perception of our Company, the quality of our food service and facilities and our integrity. Multi-store businesses, such as ours, can be adversely affected by unfavorable publicity resulting from poor food quality, food safety concerns, flu or other virus outbreaks and other public health concerns stemming from one or a limited number of our stores. Negative publicity may also result from crime incidents, data privacy breaches, scandals involving our employees or operational problems at our stores. Regardless of whether the allegations or complaints are valid, unfavorable publicity related to one or more of our stores could affect public perception of the entire brand. Even incidents at similar businesses such as restaurants, at our competitors, or in the supply chain generally could result in negative publicity that would indirectly harm our brand. If one or more of our stores were the subject of unfavorable publicity and we are unable to quickly and effectively respond to such reports, our overall brand could be adversely affected, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. 17 There has been a significant increase in the use of social media and similar platforms, including weblogs (blogs), social media websites and other forms of Internet-based communications which allow individuals’ access to a broad audience of consumers and other interested persons. Consumers value readily available information concerning goods and services that they have or plan to purchase and may act on such information without further investigation or authentication. Many social media platforms immediately publish the content their subscribers and participant’s post, often without filters or checks on accuracy of the content posted. The opportunity for dissemination of information, including inaccurate information, is seemingly limitless and readily available. Inaccurate or adverse information concerning our Company may be posted on such platforms at any time. The harm may be immediate without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction. Such platforms also may be used for dissemination of trade secret information, compromising valuable company assets. In summary, the dissemination of information via social media and similar platforms may harm our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations, regardless of the information’s accuracy. The inappropriate use of social media vehicles by our customers or employees could increase our costs, lead to litigation or result in negative publicity that could damage our reputation. If we are not effective in addressing social and environmental responsibility matters or achieving relevant sustainability goals, consumer trust in our brand may suffer. Consumer demand for our products and our brand value could diminish significantly if any such incidents or other matters erode consumer confidence in us or our products, which would likely result in lower revenues. Our operations are susceptible to the changes in cost and availability of commodities and other products, which could negatively affect our operating results. Our profitability depends in part on our ability to anticipate and react to changes in commodity and other product costs. Various factors beyond our control, including adverse weather conditions, governmental regulation and monetary policy, product availability, recalls of food products, disruption of our supplier manufacturing and distribution processes due to health pandemics, and seasonality, may affect our commodity costs or cause a disruption in our supply chain. In an effort to mitigate some of this risk, we have multiple short-term supply contracts with a limited number of suppliers. If any of these suppliers do not perform adequately or otherwise fail to distribute products or supplies to our stores, we may be unable to replace the suppliers in a short period of time on acceptable terms, which could increase our costs, cause shortages of food and other items at our stores and cause us to remove certain items from our menu. Changes in the price or availability of commodities for which we do not have short-term supply contracts could have a material adverse effect on our profitability. Expiring contracts with our food suppliers could also result in unfavorable renewal terms and therefore increase costs associated with these suppliers or may necessitate negotiations with other suppliers. Other than short-term supply contracts for certain food items, we currently do not engage in futures contracts or other financial risk management strategies with respect to potential price fluctuations in the cost of food and other supplies. Also, the unplanned loss of a major distributor could adversely affect our business by disrupting our operations as we seek out and negotiate a new distribution contract. Further, a significant percentage of our WIN! merchandise inventory is directly or indirectly sourced outside the United States and changes in trade policy and tariffs could negatively impact our costs. If we have to pay higher prices for food or other product costs, our operating costs may increase, and, if we are unable to adjust our purchasing practices or pass any cost increases on to our customers, our operating results could be adversely affected. Our procurement of new games and amusement offerings is contingent upon availability, and in some instances, our ability to obtain licensing rights. Our ability to continue to procure new games, amusement offerings, and other entertainment-related equipment is important to our business strategy. The number of suppliers from which we can purchase games, amusement offerings and other entertainment-related equipment is limited. To the extent that the number of suppliers declines, we could be subject to the risk of distribution delays, pricing pressure, lack of innovation and other associated risks. We may not be able to anticipate and react to changing amusement offerings cost by 18 adjusting purchasing practices or game prices, and a failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. In addition, any decrease in availability of new amusement offerings that appeal to customers could lead to decreases in revenues as customers negatively react to lack of new game options. We have successfully developed several proprietary amusement offerings that are not available to operations outside the Company. Our ability to develop future offerings is dependent on, among other things, obtaining rights to compelling game content and developing new amusement offerings that are accepted by our customers. There is no guarantee that additional licensing rights will be obtained by us or that our customers will accept the future offerings that we develop. The result could be increased expenses without increased revenues putting downward pressure on our results of operations and financial performance. We are subject to risks associated with leasing space subject to long-term, non-cancelable leases. We typically do not own any real property. Payments under our non-cancelable, operating leases account for a significant portion of our operating expenses and we expect the new stores we open in the future will also be leased. The leases typically provide for a base rent plus additional rent based on a percentage of the revenue generated by the stores on the leased premises once certain thresholds are met. We generally cannot cancel these leases without substantial economic penalty. If an existing or future store is not profitable, and we decide to close it, we may nonetheless be committed to perform our obligation under the applicable lease, including, among other things, paying the base rent for the remainder of the lease term. We depend on cash flow from operations to pay our lease obligations. If our business does not generate adequate cash flow from operating activities and sufficient funds are not otherwise available to us from borrowings under our existing credit facility, we may not be able to service our operating lease obligations, grow our business, respond to competitive challenges or fund other liquidity and capital needs, which would have a material adverse effect on us. In addition, as each of our leases expires, we may choose not to renew, or may not be able to renew, such existing leases if the capital investment required to maintain the stores at the leased locations is not justified by the return required on the investment. If we are not able to renew the leases at rents that allow such stores to remain profitable as their terms expire, the number of such stores may decrease, resulting in lower revenue from operations, or we may relocate a store, which could subject us to construction and other costs and risks, and in either case, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our success depends upon our ability to recruit and retain qualified store management and operating personnel while also controlling our labor costs. We must continue to attract, retain and motivate qualified management and operating personnel to maintain consistency in our service, hospitality, quality and atmosphere of our stores, in the United States and Canada and support future growth. Adequate staffing of qualified personnel is a critical factor impacting our customers’ experience in our stores. Qualified management and operating personnel are typically in high demand. The low level of unemployment in the United States is resulting in aggressive competition for talent, wage inflation and pressure to improve benefits and workplace conditions to remain competitive. If we are unable to attract and retain a satisfactory number of qualified management and operating personnel, labor shortages could delay the planned openings of new stores or adversely impact our existing stores. Any such delays, material increases in employee turnover rates in existing stores or widespread employee dissatisfaction could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Competition for qualified employees could require us to pay higher wages, which could result in higher labor costs and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. 19 Our financial performance and the ability to successfully implement our strategic direction could be adversely affected if we fail to retain, or effectively respond, to a loss of key management. Our future success is substantially supported by the contributions and abilities of senior management, including key executives and other leadership team members. Changes in senior management could expose us to significant changes in strategic direction and initiatives. A failure to maintain appropriate organizational capacity and capability to support leadership excellence or a loss of key skill sets could jeopardize our ability to meet our business performance expectations and growth targets. Although we have employment agreements with all members of senior management, we cannot prevent members of senior management from terminating their employment with us. Losing the services of members of senior management could materially harm our business until a suitable replacement is found, and such replacement may not have equal experience and capabilities. Our revenues and operating results may fluctuate significantly due to various risks and unforeseen circumstances, including increases in costs, seasonality, weather, acts of violence or terrorism and other factors outside our control. Certain of the regions in which our stores are located have been, and may in the future be, subject to natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods and hurricanes. Depending upon its magnitude, a natural disaster could severely damage our stores, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. Our corporate headquarters, company-owned distribution center, game repair facility and our data center, as well as our backup data facility, are all located in Dallas, Texas. A natural or man-made disaster could significantly impact our ability to provide services and systems to our stores and negatively impact store operations throughout our operations. We currently maintain property and business interruption insurance through the aggregate property policy for each of our stores. Any act of violence at or threatened against our stores or the centers in which they are located, including active shooter situations and terrorist activities, may result in restricted access to our stores and/or store closures in the short-term and, in the long term, may cause our customers and employees to avoid visiting our stores. Any such situation could adversely impact cash flows and make it more difficult to fully staff our stores, which could materially adversely affect our business. The discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) after 2021 and the replacement with an alternative reference rate may adversely impact interest rates. Our operating results may fluctuate significantly due to seasonal factors. Typically, we have higher revenues associated with the spring and year-end holidays. Our third quarter, which encompasses the back-to-school fall season, has historically had lower revenues as compared to other quarters. As a result, factors affecting peak seasons could have a disproportionate effect on our results. For example, the number of days between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day and the days of the week on which Christmas and New Year’s Eve fall affect the volume of business we generate during the December holiday season and can affect our results for the full fiscal year. In addition, unfavorable weather conditions during the winter and spring seasons could have a significant impact on our results. General Business and Regulatory Risks Actual or threatened other epidemics, pandemics, outbreaks, or other health crises may adversely affect our business. Our business could be materially and adversely affected by the risks, or the public perception of the risks, related to an epidemic, pandemic, outbreak, or other public health crisis, such as the recent outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19). To the extent that a virus or disease is food-borne, or perceived to be food-borne, future outbreaks may adversely affect the price and availability of certain food products and cause our customers to eat less of a product, or could reduce public confidence in food handling and/or public assembly. If a virus is transmitted by human contact, our employees or customers could become infected or could choose, or be 20 advised, to avoid gathering in public places or avoid touching game or screen surfaces, any of which could adversely affect our store guest traffic and sales as well as our ability to adequately staff our stores, receive deliveries on a timely basis or perform functions at the corporate level. We could also be adversely affected if the World Health Organization and /or the Centers for Disease Control and/or other governmental agencies were to restrict travel to affected geographic areas where we source our products, thus possibly impacting the continuity of supply. Additionally, certain jurisdictions in which we operate may impose mandatory closures, seek voluntary closures or impose restrictions on operations. Even if our stores are not directly impacted, a health pandemic can result in a disruption of our supply chain if our suppliers’ ability to manufacture, transport or otherwise provide goods or services are adversely affected. Additionally, even if such measures are not implemented and a virus or other disease does not spread significantly, the perceived risk of infection or significant health risk may adversely affect our business. We believe that our stores have a larger guest-facing footprint and higher levels of customer traffic than other concepts in the dining and entertainment industry. Our stores are places where people can gather together for human connection. Customers might avoid public gathering places in the event of a health pandemic, and local, regional or national governments might limit or ban public gatherings to halt or delay the spread of disease. The impact of a health pandemic on us might be disproportionately greater than on other dining and entertainment venues that have lower customer traffic and that depend less on the gathering of people. We may not be able to operate our stores or obtain and maintain licenses and permits necessary for such operation, in compliance with laws, regulations and other requirements, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. We are subject to licensing and regulation by state and local authorities relating to the sale of alcoholic beverages, health, sanitation, safety, building and fire codes. Each store is required to obtain a license to sell alcoholic beverages on the premises from a state authority and, in certain locations, county and municipal authorities. Typically, licenses must be renewed annually and may be revoked or suspended for cause at any time. In some states, the loss of a license for cause with respect to one store may lead to the loss of licenses at all stores in that state and could make it more difficult to obtain additional licenses in that state. Alcoholic beverage control regulations relate to numerous aspects of the daily operations of each store, including minimum age of patrons and employees, hours of operation, advertising, wholesale purchasing, inventory control and handling and storage and dispensing of alcoholic beverages. We generally have not encountered any material difficulties or failures in obtaining and maintaining the required licenses, permits and approvals that could impact the continuing operations of an existing store, or delay or prevent the opening of a new store. Although we do not anticipate any material difficulties occurring in the future, the failure to receive or retain a liquor license, or any other required permit or license, in a particular location, or to continue to qualify for, or renew licenses, could have a material adverse effect on operations and our ability to obtain such a license or permit in other locations. We are also subject to amusement licensing and regulation by the states, counties and municipalities in which our stores are located, as a result of operating certain entertainment games and attractions, including skill- based games, that offer redemption prizes. These laws and regulations can vary significantly by state, county, and municipality and, in some jurisdictions, may require us to modify our business operations or alter the mix of redemption games and simulators we offer. Moreover, as more states and local communities implement legalized gambling, the laws and corresponding enabling regulations may also be applicable to our redemption games and regulators may create new licensing requirements, taxes or fees, or restrictions on the various types of redemption games we offer. Furthermore, other states, counties and municipalities may make changes to existing laws to further regulate legalized gaming and illegal gambling. Adoption of these laws, or adverse interpretation of existing laws, could require our existing stores in these jurisdictions to alter the mix of games, modify certain games, limit the number of tickets that may be won by a customer from a redemption game, change the mix of prizes that we may offer at our WIN! area or terminate the use of specific games, any of which could adversely affect our operations. If we fail to comply with such laws and regulations, we may be subject to various sanctions and/or penalties and fines or may be required to cease operations until we achieve compliance, which could have an adverse effect on our business and our financial results. 21 We are subject to extensive laws and regulations and failure to comply with existing or new laws and regulations could adversely affect our operational efficiencies, cost structure and talent availability. Currently, all of our stores are unable to operate due to guidelines and restrictions put in place by federal, state and local governments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations that govern numerous aspects of our business, including the following: • • • • • • the Fair Labor Standards Act and other federal, state and local laws and regulations that govern employment practices and working conditions, including minimum wage rates, wage and hour practices, gratuities, overtime, various family leave mandates, discrimination and harassment, immigration, workplace safety and other areas; the Americans with Disabilities Act and similar state laws that give civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities in the context of employment, public accommodations and other areas; the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act as amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act of 2010 (“PPACA”) and uncertainties surrounding future changes to or replacement of our health insurance system; preparation, sale and labeling of food, including the federal regulations of the Food and Drug Administration, which oversees the safety of the entire food system, including inspection and mandatory food recalls, menu labeling and nutritional content, and additional requirements in certain states and local jurisdictions; environmental laws and regulations governing, among other things, discharges of pollutants into the air and water as well as the presence, handling, release and disposal of and exposure to hazardous substances; and other environmental matters, such as climate change, the reduction of greenhouse gases, water consumption and animal health and welfare; Compliance with these laws and regulations and future new laws or changes in these laws or regulations that impose additional requirements, can be costly. Any failure or perceived failure to comply with these laws or regulations could result in, among other things, revocation of required license, administrative enforcement actions, fines, civil and criminal liability, and/or closure of stores. We could also be strictly liable, without regard to fault, for certain environmental conditions at properties we formerly owned or operated as well as at our current properties. Additionally, more stringent and varied requirements of local and state governmental bodies with respect to zoning, land use and environmental factors could delay or prevent development of new stores in certain locations. If new immigration legislation is enacted, such laws may contain provisions that could increase our costs in recruiting, training and retaining employees. Also, although our hiring practices comply with the requirements of federal law in reviewing employees’ citizenship or authority to work in the United States, increased enforcement efforts with respect to existing immigration laws by governmental authorities may disrupt a portion of our workforce or our operations at one or more of our stores, thereby negatively impacting our business. Further, we expect continued increases in labor costs due to federal, state and local mandated increases in the minimum wage, and we are uncertain of the repercussions, if any, of increased minimum wages on other expenses. For example, our suppliers may be more severely impacted by higher minimum wage standards, which could result in increased costs to us. We may not be able to partially or fully offset cost increases resulting from changes in minimum wage rates by increasing menu or game prices, improving productivity, or through other adjustments, and our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. Moreover, although none of our employees have been or are now represented by any unions, labor organizations 22 may seek to represent certain of our employees in the future, and if they are successful, our payroll expenses and other labor costs may be increased in the course of collective bargaining, and/or there may be strikes or other work disruptions that may adversely affect our business. We face potential liability with our gift cards under the property laws of some states. Our gift cards, which may be used to purchase food, beverages, merchandise and game play credits in our stores, may be considered stored value cards. Certain states include gift cards under their abandoned and unclaimed property laws and require companies to remit to the state cash in an amount equal to all or a designated portion of the unredeemed balance on the gift cards based on certain card attributes and the length of time that the cards are inactive. To date we have not remitted any amounts relating to unredeemed gift cards to states based upon our assessment of applicable laws. The analysis of the potential application of the abandoned and unclaimed property laws to our gift cards is complex, involving an analysis of constitutional, statutory provisions and factual issues. In the event that one or more states change their existing abandoned and unclaimed property laws or successfully challenge our position on the application of its abandoned and unclaimed property laws to our gift cards, our liabilities with respect to unredeemed gift cards may be materially higher than the amounts shown in our financial statements. If we are required to materially increase the estimated liability recorded in our financial statements with respect to unredeemed gift cards, our net income could be materially and adversely affected. Our Power Cards may raise similar concerns to gift cards in terms of the applicability of state abandoned and unclaimed property laws. However, based on our analysis of abandoned and unclaimed property laws, we believe that our Power Cards are not stored value cards and such laws do not apply, although there can be no assurance that states will not take a different position. Litigation, including allegations of illegal, unfair or inconsistent employment practices, may adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. Our business may be adversely affected by the risk of legal proceedings brought by or on behalf of our customers, employees, suppliers, shareholders, government agencies or others through private actions, class actions, administrative proceedings, regulatory actions or other litigation. In recent years, a number of restaurant companies, including ours, have been subject to lawsuits, including class action lawsuits, alleging violations of federal and state law regarding workplace and employment matters, discrimination and similar matters, and a number of these lawsuits have resulted in the payment of substantial damages by the defendants. We have had from time to time and now have such lawsuits pending against us. In addition, from time to time, customers file complaints or lawsuits against us alleging that we are responsible for some illness or injury they suffered at or after a visit to a store. We are also subject to a variety of other claims in the ordinary course of business, including personal injury, lease and contract claims. We are also subject to “dram shop” statutes in certain states in which our stores are located. These statutes generally provide a person injured by an intoxicated person the right to recover damages from an establishment that wrongfully served alcoholic beverages to the intoxicated individual. Recent litigation against restaurant chains has resulted in significant judgments and settlements under dram shop statutes. Because these cases often seek punitive damages, which may not be covered by insurance, such litigation could have an adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Regardless of whether any claims against us are valid or whether we are liable, claims may be expensive to defend and may divert time and money away from operations and hurt our financial performance. A judgment significantly in excess of our insurance coverage or not covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Also, adverse publicity resulting from these allegations may materially affect our stores and us. 23 Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property could harm our business. We regard our intellectual property as having significant value and being important to our marketing efforts. We use a combination of intellectual property rights, such as trademarks and trade secrets, to protect our brand and certain other proprietary processes and information material to our business. The success of our business strategy depends, in part, on our continued ability to use our intellectual property rights to increase brand awareness and further develop our branded products in both existing and new markets. If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights adequately, we may lose an important advantage in the markets in which we compete. If third parties misappropriate or infringe our intellectual property, the value of our image, brand and the goodwill associated therewith may be diminished, our brand may fail to achieve and maintain market recognition, and our competitive position may be harmed, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our revenues. Policing unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent the violation or misappropriation of such intellectual property rights by others. To protect our intellectual property, we may become involved in litigation, which could result in substantial expenses, divert the attention of management and adversely affect our revenue, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot be certain that our products and services do not and will not infringe on the intellectual property rights of others. Any such claims, regardless of merit, could be time-consuming and expensive to litigate or settle, divert the attention of management, cause significant delays, materially disrupt the conduct of our business and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. As a consequence of such claims, we could be required to pay a substantial damage award, take a royalty-bearing license, discontinue the use of third-party products used within our operations and/or rebrand our products and services. Failure of our internal control over financial reporting could harm our business and financial results. Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not intended to provide absolute assurance that we would prevent or detect a misstatement of our financial statements or fraud. Any failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, including such a failure by third party service providers on whose controls we rely, could limit our ability to report our financial results accurately and timely or to detect and prevent fraud. A significant financial reporting failure or material weakness in internal control over financial reporting could result in substantial cost to remediate and could cause a loss of investor confidence and decline in the market price of our stock. Changes in tax laws and resulting regulations could result in changes to our tax provisions and subject us to additional tax liabilities that could materially adversely affect our financial performance. We are subject to income, sales, use and other taxes in the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions. Changes in applicable U.S. or foreign tax laws and regulations, including the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”), or their interpretation and application, including the possibility of retroactive effect and changes to state tax laws that may occur in response to the Tax Act, could affect our effective income tax rate. In addition, the final determination of any tax audits or related litigation could be materially different from our historical tax provisions and accruals. Changes in our tax expense or an increase in our tax liabilities, whether due to changes in applicable laws and regulation, the interpretation or application thereof, or a final determination of tax audits or litigation, could materially adversely affect our financial performance. 24 Any future changes in financial accounting standards may significantly change our reported results of operations. Generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. are subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the SEC and various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret appropriate accounting principles. A change in these principles or interpretations may have a significant effect on our reported financial results and may affect the reporting of transactions completed before the announcement of a change. Additionally, our assumptions, estimates and judgments related to complex accounting matters may significantly affect our financial results. Generally accepted accounting principles and related accounting pronouncements, implementation guidelines and interpretations with regard to a wide range of matters that are relevant to our business, including but not limited to, revenue recognition, fair value of investments, impairment of long-lived assets, leases and related economic transactions, intangibles, self-insurance, income taxes, property and equipment, unclaimed property laws and litigation, and stock-based compensation contain estimates and judgments by us. Changes in these rules or their interpretation or changes in underlying assumptions, estimates or judgments by us may significantly change our reported or expected financial performance. We may acquire a business in the future that we fail to effectively integrate or operate. In the future, we may consider opportunistic acquisitions as part of our expansion effort. We may not be able to identify attractive acquisition opportunities or successfully acquire identified targets on terms favorable to us. Competition for acquisition opportunities may be substantial and may cause us to refrain from making acquisitions. In addition, we may not be successful in integrating future acquisitions into our existing operations, which may result in unforeseen operational difficulties, diminished financial performance or our inability to report financial results and may require a disproportionate amount of our management’s attention. If we fail to manage future acquisitions effectively, our results of operations could be adversely affected. Any future acquisitions will be accompanied by the risks commonly encountered in acquisitions, including: • • • • • • • incorrect assumptions regarding the future results of acquired operations or assets or expected cost reductions or other synergies expected to be realized from acquiring operations or assets; failure to integrate the operations or management of any acquired operations or assets successfully and timely; potential loss of key employees and customers of the acquired companies; potential lack of experience operating in a geographic market or product line of the acquired business; an increase in our expenses, particularly overhead expenses, and working capital requirements; the possible inability to achieve the intended objectives of the business combination; and the diversion of management’s attention from existing operations or other priorities. Risks Related to our Common Stock The market price of our common stock is subject to volatility. The market price of our common stock may be significantly affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, actual or anticipated variations in our operating results or those of our competitors as compared to analyst expectations, changes in financial estimates by research analysts with respect to us or others in the restaurant and other entertainment industries, and announcement of significant transactions (including mergers or acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures or other strategic initiatives) by us or others in the restaurant and other entertainment industries. In addition, the equity markets have experienced price and volume fluctuations that 25 affect the stock price of companies in ways that have been unrelated to an individual company’s operating performance. The price for our common stock may continue to be volatile, based on factors specific to our company and industry, as well as factors related to the equity markets overall. During March 2020, the coronavirus global pandemic and the significant uncertainties in the United States economy created as a result of the health crisis had a significant impact on the market price of our common stock. Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or changes in our management and, therefore, may depress the trading price of our stock. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws include certain provisions that could have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing a change of control of our Company or changes in our management, including, among other things: • • • • • • restrictions on the ability of our stockholders to fill a vacancy on the Board of Directors; our ability to issue preferred stock with terms that the Board of Directors may determine, without stockholder approval, which could be used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquirer; the inability of our stockholders to call a special meeting of stockholders; specify that special meetings of our stockholders can be called only upon the request of a majority of our Board of Directors or our Chief Executive Officer; the absence of cumulative voting in the election of directors, which may limit the ability of minority stockholders to elect directors; and advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations, which may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from soliciting proxies to elect a particular slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us. These provisions in our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a transaction involving a change of control of our Company that is in the best interest of our minority stockholders. Even in the absence of a takeover attempt, the existence of these provisions may adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock if they are viewed as discouraging future takeover attempts. Effective March 18, 2020, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted a 364-day duration Shareholder Rights Plan (the “Rights Plan”) and declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase right for each outstanding share of common stock to shareholder of record on March 30, 2020 to purchase from the Company one one-ten thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company for an exercise price of $45.00, once the rights become exercisable, subject to adjustment as provided in the related rights agreement. The Rights Plan is intended to promote the fair and equal treatment of all the Company’s shareholders and ensure that no person or group can gain control of the Company through open market accumulation or other tactics potentially disadvantaging the interest of all shareholders. Unsolicited takeover proposals, governance change proposals, proxy contests and certain proposals/actions by activist investors may create additional risks and uncertainties with respect to the Company’s financial position, operations, strategies and management, and may adversely affect our ability to attract and retain key employees. Any perceived uncertainties may affect the market price and volatility of our securities. Public companies in the restaurant industry have been the target of unsolicited takeover proposals in the past. In the event that a third party, such as a competitor, private equity firm or activist investor makes an 26 unsolicited takeover proposal, or proposes to change our governance policies or board of directors, or makes other proposals concerning the Company’s ownership structure or operations, our review and consideration of such proposals may be a significant distraction for our management and employees, and may require us to expend significant time and resources. Such proposals may create uncertainty for our employees’ additional risks and uncertainties with respect to the Company’s financial position, operations, strategies and management, and may adversely affect our ability to attract and retain key employees. Any perceived uncertainties as to our future direction also may affect the market price and volatility of our securities. ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments Not applicable. 27 ITEM 2. Properties We lease a 47,000 square foot office building and 30,000 square foot warehouse facility in Dallas, Texas for use as our corporate headquarters and distribution center. This lease expires in October 2021, with options to renew until October 2041. We also lease a 43,000 square foot warehouse facility in Dallas, Texas for use as additional warehouse space. This lease will expire in September 2022, with an option to renew until September 2027. As of February 2, 2020, we lease the building or site of all but one of our 136 operating stores, and we own land related to two future sites. Our leases typically have initial terms ranging from ten to twenty years and most include options to extend the leases for one or more 5-year periods. The table below shows the locations of our operating stores as of February 2, 2020: Location Total Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia Washington Wisconsin Puerto Rico Ontario, Canada Total 28 2 1 4 2 16 2 2 8 4 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 5 3 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 11 4 6 2 1 6 1 3 3 14 1 4 1 2 1 2 136 As of the date of this report, all of our 137 operating stores (including our one store which opened on March 16, 2020) were closed due to guidelines and restrictions put in place by federal, state and local governments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings We are subject to certain legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business, including intellectual property disputes, miscellaneous premises liability, employment-related claims and dram shop claims. In the opinion of management, based upon consultation with legal counsel, the amount of ultimate liability with respect to, or an adverse outcome in any such legal proceedings or claims will not materially affect our business, the consolidated results of our operations or our financial condition. Refer to Note 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of legal proceedings. ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures None. 29 PART II ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Market Information and Dividend Policy The Company’s common stock trades under the symbol PLAY and is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market (“NASDAQ”). The number of shareholders of record of the Company’s common stock as of March 30, 2020 was estimated to be 278. During the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2019, our Board of Directors authorized and declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.16 per share of common stock. The fourth quarter dividend was paid subsequent to the end of fiscal 2019. During the first and second quarters of fiscal 2019 and the last two quarters of fiscal 2018, our Board of Directors authorized and declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per share of common stock. As a result of the impacts to our business arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, share purchases and dividend payments have been indefinitely suspended. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities On July 12, 2019 the Company increased its share repurchase authorization to $800,000. The share repurchase authorization expires at the end of fiscal 2020. As of the end of fiscal 2019, there was approximately $172,820 of share repurchase authorization remaining. There were no repurchases of our common stock during the fourth quarter ended February 2, 2020. Performance Graph The following performance graph depicts the total returns to shareholders for the period from October 10, 2014 (the date when our common stock first started trading) through February 2, 2020, relative to the performance of the NASDAQ Composite Index, Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 600 Small Cap Index and S&P’s 600 Consumer Discretionary Index. All indices shown in the graph have been set at a base of 100 as of October 10, 2014 and assume an investment of $100 on that date and the reinvestment of dividends paid since that date. The stock price performance shown in the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance. 30 Comparison of Cumula(cid:2)ve Total Return Assumes Ini(cid:2)al Investment of $100 $220 $210 $200 $190 $180 $170 $160 $150 $140 $130 $120 $110 $100 $90 $80 2/1/2015 1/31/2016 1/29/2017 2/4/2018 2/3/2019 2/2/2020 PLAY S&P 600 Small Cap S&P 600 Consumer Discre(cid:2)onary NASDAQ Composite PLAY S&P 600 Small Cap S&P 600 Consumer Discretionary NASDAQ Composite ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data Period Ended 2/1/2015 1/31/2016 1/29/2019 2/4/2018 2/3/2019 2/2/2020 $100.00 $100.00 $100.00 $100.00 $126.20 $ 95.31 $ 88.69 $ 99.54 $190.68 $128.67 $103.97 $122.12 $165.97 $146.79 $123.49 $156.22 $178.64 $147.31 $125.84 $156.71 $153.65 $157.07 $131.48 $209.97 The following selected financial data is qualified in its entirety by the consolidated financial statements (and the related Notes thereto) contained in Item 8 and should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7. The statement of operations and cash flows data for each of the fiscal years ended February 2, 2020, February 3, 2019, and February 4, 2018 and the balance sheet data as of February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019 were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. The statement of operations and cash flows data for the fiscal year ended January 29, 2017 and January 31, 2016 and the balance sheet data as of February 4, 2018, January 29, 2017, and January 31, 2016 were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that are not included elsewhere in this report. 31 The Company’s fiscal year consists of 52 or 53 weeks ending on the Sunday after the Saturday closest to January 31. Each quarterly period has 13 weeks, except in a 53-week year when the fourth quarter has 14 weeks. All fiscal years presented herein consist of 52 weeks, except fiscal 2017 (ended February 4, 2018), which consists of 53 weeks. All dollar amounts are presented in thousands, unless otherwise noted, except share and per share amounts. Statement of Operations Data: Total revenues Operating income Net income Balance sheet data (as of end of period): Cash and cash equivalents Working capital (deficit) (1) Property and equipment, net Total assets (2) Total debt, net (2) Stockholders’ equity Other data: Capital expenditures Stores open at end of period Stores closed during period Cash dividends declared per share Net income per share of common stock: Basic Diluted Weighted average number of shares outstanding: Basic Diluted February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 January 29, 2017 January 31, 2016 Fiscal Year Ended $ 1,354,691 148,079 100,263 $ 1,265,301 161,000 117,221 $ 1,139,791 165,772 120,949 $ 1,005,158 150,516 90,795 $ 866,982 110,036 59,619 24,655 (211,888) 900,637 2,370,139 647,689 169,650 21,585 (153,297) 805,337 1,273,187 393,469 387,837 18,795 (112,918) 726,455 1,197,030 366,249 421,646 20,083 (102,193) 606,865 1,052,733 264,128 439,452 25,495 (46,567) 523,891 1,003,701 337,416 346,338 $ $ 228,091 136 1 0.62 216,286 121 — 0.30 $ 219,901 106 — — $ 180,577 92 — — 162,892 81 2 — 3.00 2.94 $ $ 3.00 2.93 $ $ 2.93 2.84 $ $ 2.16 2.10 $ $ 1.46 1.39 $ $ $ $ 33,450,217 34,099,378 39,047,106 39,975,122 41,276,314 42,583,009 41,951,770 43,288,592 40,968,455 42,783,905 (1) Defined as total current assets minus total current liabilities. (2) Fiscal 2016 and prior fiscal year balances have been revised to reflect the impact of adopting Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein. Unless otherwise specified, the meanings of all defined terms in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” are consistent with the meanings of such terms as defined in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. During March 2020, a global pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization related to the rapidly growing outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”). The pandemic has significantly impacted the economic conditions in the United States, with accelerated effects in February and March, as federal, state and local governments react to the public health crisis, creating significant uncertainties in the United States economy. In the interest of public health and safety, jurisdictions (national, state and local) where 32 our stores are located, required mandatory store closures or capacity limitations or other restrictions for those that continued to operate. As of the date of this report, all of our 137 operating stores were closed (including our one new store that opened on March 16, 2020). As a result of these developments, the Company expects a material adverse impact on its revenues, results of operations and cash flows which raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The situation is rapidly changing and additional impacts to the business may arise that we are not aware of currently. We cannot predict whether, when or the manner in which the conditions surrounding COVID-19 will change including the timing of lifting any restrictions or closure requirements, when our stores will reopen, staffing levels for reopened stores, and customer re-engagement with our brand. As of March 31, 2020, we had approximiately $99,622 cash on hand and $752,500 funded debt on our credit facility. General We are a leading owner and operator of high-volume venues in North America that combine dining and entertainment for both adults and families under the name “Dave & Buster’s”. Founded in 1982, the core of our concept is to offer our customers the opportunity to “Eat Drink Play and Watch” all in one location. Eat and Drink are offered through a full menu of entrées and appetizers and a full selection of non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages. Our Play and Watch offerings provide an extensive assortment of entertainment attractions centered around playing games and watching live sports and other televised events. Our brand appeals to a relatively balanced mix of male and female adults, as well as families and teenagers. We believe we appeal to a diverse customer base by providing a highly customizable experience in a dynamic and fun setting. Our stores average 41,000 square feet, range in size between 16,000 and 70,000 square feet and are open seven days a week, with hours of operation typically from 11:30 a.m. to midnight on Sunday through Thursday and 11:30 a.m. to 2:00 a.m. on Friday and Saturday. Strategy During fiscal 2019, we continued to invest in new stores, and focused on refreshing our strategy and customer experience to set us up for the next phase of growth. Our refreshed strategy is built on four key components, including offering the latest entertainment to enjoy together, novel food & drink to bring people together, creating an aligned team and integrated experience, and driving guest engagement. For further information about our strategy, refer to “Item 1. Strategy”. Key Measures of Our Performance We monitor and analyze several key performance measures to manage our business and evaluate financial and operating performance. These measures include: Comparable store sales. Comparable store sales are a year-over-year comparison of sales at stores open at the end of the period that have been open for at least 18 months as of the beginning of each of the fiscal years. It is a key performance indicator used within the industry and is indicative of acceptance of our initiatives as well as local economic and consumer trends. Our comparable store base consisted of 99, 86, and 76 stores as of the end of fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. New store openings. Our ability to expand our business and reach new customers is influenced by the opening of additional stores in both new and existing markets. The success of our new stores is indicative of our brand appeal and the efficacy of our site selection and operating models. During fiscal 2019, we opened sixteen new stores, eight of which were in new markets. Non-GAAP Financial Measures In addition to the results provided in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), we provide non-GAAP measures which present operating results on an adjusted basis. These are supplemental 33 measures of performance that are not required by or presented in accordance with GAAP and include Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization and Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization Margin (defined below). These non-GAAP measures do not represent and should not be considered as an alternative to net income or cash flows from operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and our calculations thereof may not be comparable to similarly entitled measures reported by other companies and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Although we use these non-GAAP measures to assess the operating performance of our business, they have significant limitations as an analytical tool because they exclude certain material costs. For example, Adjusted EBITDA does not take into account a number of significant items, including our interest expense and depreciation and amortization expense. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA excludes pre-opening and other costs which may be important in analyzing our GAAP results. Because Adjusted EBITDA does not account for these expenses, its utility as a measure of our operating performance has material limitations. Our calculations of Adjusted EBITDA adjust for these amounts because they vary from period to period and do not directly relate to the ongoing operations of the currently underlying business of our stores and therefore complicate comparison of the underlying business between periods. Nevertheless, because of the limitations described above, management does not view Adjusted EBITDA or Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization in isolation and also uses other measures, such as revenues, gross margin, operating income and net income to measure operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin. We define “Adjusted EBITDA” as net income plus interest expense, net, loss on debt refinancing, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, loss on asset disposal, share-based compensation, pre-opening costs, currency transaction (gains) losses and other costs. “Adjusted EBITDA Margin” is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by total revenues. Adjusted EBITDA is presented because we believe that it provides useful information to investors and analysts regarding our operating performance. By reporting Adjusted EBITDA, we provide a basis for comparison of our business operations between current, past and future periods by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization and Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization Margin. We define “Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization” as operating income plus depreciation and amortization expense, general and administrative expenses and pre-opening costs. “Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization Margin” is defined as Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization divided by total revenues. Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization Margin allows us to evaluate operating performance of each store across stores of varying size and volume. We believe that Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization is another useful measure in evaluating our operating performance because it removes the impact of general and administrative expenses, which are not incurred at the store level, and the costs of opening new stores, which are non-recurring at the store level, and thereby enables the comparability of the operating performance of our stores for the periods presented. We also believe that Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization is a useful measure in evaluating our operating performance within the entertainment and dining industry because it permits the evaluation of store-level productivity, efficiency and performance, and we use Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization as a means of evaluating store financial performance compared with our competitors. However, because this measure excludes significant items such as general and administrative expenses and pre-opening costs, as well as our interest expense, net and depreciation and amortization expense, which are important in evaluating our consolidated financial performance from period to period, the value of this measure is limited as a measure of our consolidated financial performance. 34 Presentation of Operating Results The Company’s fiscal year consists of 52 or 53 weeks ending on the Sunday after the Saturday closest to January 31. Each quarterly period has 13 weeks, except in a 53-week year when the fourth quarter has 14 weeks. Fiscal 2019 and 2018, which ended on February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, respectively, each contained 52 weeks. Fiscal 2017, which ended on February 4, 2018, contained 53 weeks. All dollar amounts are presented in thousands, unless otherwise noted, except share and per share amounts. Overview • Total revenues increased 7.1% to $1,354,691 in fiscal 2019 compared to $1,265,301 in fiscal 2018. Our revenue growth was primarily influenced by the number of new store openings partially offset by lower comparable store sales. • Comparable store sales decreased 2.6% in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018, driven by lower customer volumes. • Operating income decreased to $148,079 in fiscal 2019 compared to Operating income of $161,000 in fiscal 2018. Fiscal 2019 operating margin was 10.9% compared to 12.7% in fiscal 2018. The decline in operating margins was due, in part, to an increase in the average hourly labor rate of approximately 4.1% and higher occupancy costs associated with our non-comparable stores, as well as the deleveraging impact of lower comparable store sales on store management labor and occupancy. • Diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) remained relatively flat at $2.94 per share in fiscal 2019 compared to $2.93 per share in fiscal 2018. Net income decreased to $100,263 in fiscal 2019 compared to Net Income of $117,221 in fiscal 2018, for the reasons noted above. However, the denominator of weighted average diluted shares decreased by approximately 5,800,000 shares, largely as a result of our share repurchase program. During fiscal 2019, we purchased 7,116,585 shares at an average cost of $41.78 per share. • Cash flows from operations were $288,946 in fiscal 2019 compared to $337,616 in fiscal 2018. Lower operating margins were offset by growth in total revenues, with the decrease of approximately $49,000 driven by a decrease in working capital. • Capital expenditures were $228,091 in fiscal 2019 compared to $216,286 in fiscal 2018. Share repurchases and dividend payments were $313,041 in fiscal 2019 compared to $160,695 in fiscal 2018. Net borrowings of debt during fiscal 2019 were $254,000. Store-Level Variability, Quarterly Fluctuations, Seasonality and Inflation We have historically operated stores varying in size and have experienced significant variability among stores in volumes, operating results and net investment costs. Our new stores typically open with sales volumes in excess of their expected long-term run-rate levels, which we refer to as a “honeymoon” effect. We expect our new store sales volumes in year two to be 10% to 20% lower than our year one targets, and to grow in line with the rest of our comparable store base thereafter. As a result of the substantial revenues associated with each new store, the number and timing of new store openings will result in significant fluctuations in quarterly results. In the first year of operation new store operating margins (excluding pre-opening expenses) typically benefit from honeymoon sales leverage on occupancy, management labor and other fixed costs. This benefit is partially offset by normal inefficiencies in hourly labor and other costs associated with establishing a new store. In year two, operating margins may decline due to the loss of honeymoon sales leverage on fixed costs which is partially offset by improvements in store operating efficiency. Furthermore, rents in our new stores are typically higher than our comparable store base. 35 Revenues are influenced by seasonal shifts in consumer spending. Typically, we have higher revenues associated with the spring and year-end holidays, which will continue to be susceptible to the impact of severe or unseasonably mild weather on customer traffic and sales during that period. Our third quarter, which encompasses the back-to-school fall season, has historically had lower revenues as compared to other quarters. We expect that economic and environmental conditions and changes in regulatory legislation will continue to exert pressure on both consumer spending related to entertainment and dining alternatives and availability and cost of products and supplies. Although there is no assurance that our cost of products will remain stable or that federal, state or local minimum wage rates will not increase beyond amounts currently legislated, the effects of any supplier price increases or wage rate increases are expected to be partially offset by selected menu or game price increases where competitively appropriate. Fiscal 2019 Compared to Fiscal 2018 Results of operations. The following table sets forth selected data, in thousands of dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (unless otherwise noted) for the periods indicated. All information is derived from the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Food and beverage revenues Amusement and other revenues Total revenues Cost of food and beverage (as a percentage of food and beverage revenues) Cost of amusement and other (as a percentage of amusement and other revenues) Total cost of products Operating payroll and benefits Other store operating expenses General and administrative expenses Depreciation and amortization expense Pre-opening costs Total operating costs Operating income Interest expense, net Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Change in comparable store sales Company-owned stores open at end of period (1) Comparable stores open at end of period (1) Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2020 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 $ 563,576 791,115 41.6% $ 536,469 728,832 58.4 42.4% 57.6 1,354,691 100.0 1,265,301 100.0 148,196 26.3 139,199 25.9 85,115 233,311 322,970 429,431 69,469 132,460 18,971 1,206,612 148,079 20,937 127,142 26,879 10.8 17.2 23.8 31.8 5.1 9.8 1.4 89.1 10.9 1.5 9.4 2.0 81,064 220,263 296,924 384,155 61,521 118,275 23,163 1,104,301 161,000 13,113 147,887 30,666 11.1 17.4 23.5 30.4 4.9 9.3 1.8 87.3 12.7 1.0 11.7 2.4 $ 100,263 7.4% $ 117,221 9.3% (2.6)% 136 99 (1.6)% 121 86 36 (1) Our store in Duluth (Atlanta), Georgia permanently closed on March 3, 2019, as we did not exercise the renewal option, and has been excluded from fiscal 2019 store counts and comparable store sales. The number of new store openings during the last two fiscal years were as follows: First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2020 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 7 3 4 2 16 6 5 1 3 15 Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Adjusted EBITDA The following table reconciles (in dollars and as a percent of total revenues) Net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated: Net income Interest expense, net Provision for income tax Depreciation and amortization expense EBITDA Loss on asset disposal Share-based compensation Pre-opening costs Other costs (1) Adjusted EBITDA Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2020 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 9.3% 22.1% $100,263 20,937 26,879 132,460 280,539 1,813 6,857 18,971 42 7.4% $117,221 13,113 30,666 118,275 20.7% 279,275 1,121 7,422 23,163 136 $308,222 22.8% $311,117 24.6% (1) Primarily represents costs related to currency transaction (gains) or losses. Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization The following table reconciles (in dollars and as a percent of total revenues) Operating income to Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization for the periods indicated: Operating income General and administrative expenses Depreciation and amortization expense Pre-opening costs Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2020 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 $148,079 69,469 132,460 18,971 10.9% $161,000 61,521 118,275 23,163 12.7% $368,979 27.2% $363,959 28.8% 37 Capital Additions The following table reflects accrual-based capital additions. Capital additions do not include any reductions for accrual-based tenant improvement allowances or proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions (collectively, “Payments from landlords”). New store and operating initiatives Games Maintenance capital Total capital additions Payments from landlords Results of Operations Revenues Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2020 $183,897 19,749 27,351 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 $162,763 27,381 20,821 $230,997 $210,965 $ 33,544 $ 52,099 Total revenues increased $89,390 or 7.1%, to $1,354,691 in fiscal 2019 compared to total revenues of $1,265,301 in fiscal 2018. For the year ended February 2, 2020, we derived 28.3% of our total revenue from food sales, 13.3% from beverage sales, 57.5% from amusement sales and 0.9% from other sources. For the year ended February 3, 2019 we derived 28.9% of our total revenue from food sales, 13.5% from beverage sales, 56.8% from amusement sales and 0.8% from other sources. The net increase in revenues for fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 were from the following sources: Comparable stores Non-comparable stores Other Total $ (28,408) 117,592 206 $ 89,390 Comparable store revenue decreased $28,408 or 2.6%, in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. Comparable store revenue compared to the prior fiscal year was, in part, negatively impacted by an unfavorable shift in the current year holiday/school break calendar, sales transfers to new stores that we opened in markets where we operate and increased competitive pressure. Comparable walk-in revenues, which accounted for 89.6% of comparable store revenue for fiscal 2019, decreased $29,304, or 3.0% compared to fiscal 2018. Comparable store special events revenues, which accounted for 10.4% of consolidated comparable store revenue for fiscal 2019, increased $896, or 0.8% compared to fiscal 2018. Food sales at comparable stores decreased by $13,303, or 4.3%, to $296,389 for fiscal 2019 from $309,692 in fiscal 2018. Beverage sales at comparable stores decreased by $5,356, or 3.7%, to $139,446 for fiscal 2019 from $144,802 in the 2018 comparison period. The decrease in food and beverage unit sales at comparable stores was partially offset by an overall increase in menu prices. Comparable store amusement and other revenues in fiscal 2019 decreased by $9,749, or 1.6%, to $608,243 from $617,992 in fiscal 2018. The decrease in amusement sales was due in part to lower customer volumes partially offset by various pricing initiatives in the current year, including an increase in new card fees with the launch of our RFID power card. Non-comparable store revenue increased by $117,592 for fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. The increase in non-comparable store revenue was primarily driven by 811 additional operating store weeks contributed by our thirty-seven non-comparable stores, partially offset by a decrease in revenue due to the closure of our store in Duluth (Atlanta), Georgia on March 3, 2019. The year-over-year decline in average weekly non-comparable store sales during fiscal 2019 is driven primarily by a honeymoon effect on fiscal 2017 and 2018 opening sales volumes and larger than expected declines in two of those markets which were adversely impacted by slowdowns in their local economies following a natural disaster. Additionally, stores opened during fiscal 2019 experienced slightly lower opening volumes than our 2018 openings. 38 Cost of products The total cost of products was $233,311 for fiscal 2019 and $220,263 for fiscal 2018. The total cost of products as a percentage of total revenues was 17.2% and 17.4% for fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. For the year ended February 2, 2020, the cost of food products was 27.2% of food revenue, the cost of beverage products was 24.3% of beverage revenue, and the amusement and other cost of products was 10.8% of amusement and other revenues. For the year ended February 3, 2019, the cost of food products was 26.8% of food revenue, the cost of beverage products was 24.2% of beverage revenue, and the amusement and other cost of products was 11.1% of amusement and other revenues. Cost of food and beverage products increased to $148,196 in fiscal 2019 compared to $139,199 for fiscal 2018 due primarily to the increased sales volume related to new store openings. Cost of food and beverage products, as a percentage of food and beverage revenues, increased 40 basis points to 26.3% for fiscal 2019 from 25.9% for fiscal 2018. Higher meat costs resulting from our upgraded steak products, higher poultry costs due to our “All You Can Eat” wings promotion and higher bar consumable costs due to our shift to fresh juices at the bar as well as the impact of our larger non-comparable store group, were partially offset by declines in seafood costs and increases in food and beverage menu prices. Cost of amusement and other increased to $85,115 in fiscal 2019 compared to $81,064 in fiscal 2018. The costs of amusement and other, as a percentage of amusement and other revenues, decreased 30 basis points to 10.8% for fiscal 2019 from 11.1% for fiscal 2018. The decrease in cost of amusement and other as a percentage of revenue was due primarily to a shift in game play to non-redemption games and an increase in the price of power cards. Operating payroll and benefits Total operating payroll and benefits increased by $26,046, or 8.8%, to $322,970 in fiscal 2019 compared to $296,924 in fiscal 2018. This increase was primarily due to labor associated with the additional operating store weeks of our non-comparable stores. The total cost of operating payroll and benefits, as a percentage of total revenues, increased 30 basis points to 23.8% in fiscal 2019 compared to 23.5% for fiscal 2018. This increase was due to an average hourly wage rate increase of approximately 4.1% and unfavorable leverage on decreased comparable store sales, partially offset by lower incentive compensation. Other store operating expenses Other store operating expenses increased by $45,276, or 11.8%, to $429,431 in fiscal 2019 compared to $384,155 in fiscal 2018, primarily due to new store openings. Other store operating expenses as a percentage of total revenues increased 140 basis points to 31.8% in fiscal 2019 compared to 30.4% in fiscal 2018. This increase was due primarily to higher occupancy costs associated with our non-comparable stores and the deleveraging impact of lower comparable store sales, the absence of hurricane-related business interruption proceeds recorded in the prior year and incremental legal costs. General and administrative expenses General and administrative expenses increased by $7,948, or 12.9%, to $69,469 in fiscal 2019 compared to $61,521 in fiscal 2018. The increase in general and administrative expenses was driven primarily by professional services at our corporate headquarters including costs related to shareholder activism. General and administrative expenses, as a percentage of total revenues, increased 20 basis points to 5.1% in fiscal 2019 compared to 4.9% in fiscal 2018, for the same reasons above offset by favorable leverage on revenue increases. Depreciation and amortization expense Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $14,185, or 12.0%, to $132,460 in fiscal 2019 compared to $118,275 in fiscal 2018. Increased depreciation due to our 2018 and 2017 capital expenditures for new stores, operating initiatives, including remodels, games and maintenance capital, was partially offset by other assets reaching the end of their depreciable lives. 39 Pre-opening costs Pre-opening costs decreased by $4,192 to $18,971 in fiscal 2019 compared to $23,163 in fiscal 2018 due to the number and timing of new store openings and stores in development. Interest expense, net Interest expense, net increased by $7,824 to $20,937 in fiscal 2019 compared to $13,113 in fiscal 2018 due primarily to an increase in average outstanding debt partially offset by slightly lower interest rates. Provision for income taxes The effective income tax rate increased to 21.1% in fiscal 2019 compared to 20.7% in fiscal 2018. This increase primarily reflects lower excess tax benefits associated with share-based compensation, offset partially with higher tax credits. Fiscal 2018 Compared to Fiscal 2017 Results of operations. The following table sets forth selected data, in thousands of dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (unless otherwise noted) for the periods indicated. All information is derived from the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Food and beverage revenues Amusement and other revenues Total revenues Cost of food and beverage (as a percentage of food and beverage revenues) Cost of amusement and other (as a percentage of amusement and other revenues) Total cost of products Operating payroll and benefits Other store operating expenses General and administrative expenses Depreciation and amortization expense Pre-opening costs Total operating costs Operating income Interest expense, net Loss on debt retirement Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Change in comparable store sales (1) Company-owned stores open at end of period (2) Comparable stores open at end of period Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 Fiscal Year Ended February 4, 2018 $ 536,469 728,832 42.4% $ 494,816 644,975 57.6 43.4% 56.6 1,265,301 100.0 1,139,791 100.0 139,199 25.9 127,600 25.8 81,064 220,263 296,924 384,155 61,521 118,275 23,163 1,104,301 161,000 13,113 — 147,887 30,666 11.1 17.4 23.5 30.4 4.9 9.3 1.8 87.3 12.7 1.0 — 11.7 2.4 69,072 196,672 256,724 334,546 59,565 102,766 23,746 974,019 165,772 8,665 718 156,389 35,440 10.7 17.3 22.5 29.4 5.2 9.0 2.1 85.5 14.5 0.7 0.1 13.7 3.1 $ 117,221 9.3% $ 120,949 10.6% (1.6)% 121 86 (0.9)% 106 76 40 (1) The change in comparable store sales in fiscal 2018 has been calculated by shifting forward our 2017 fiscal year comparable store sales results by one week, to account for the fact that our 2017 fiscal year consisted of 53 weeks. The fiscal year 2017 comparable store sales have been adjusted to remove the impact of the 53rd week prior to calculating the year-over-year change percentage. (2) Our Duluth (Atlanta), Georgia store which closed in fiscal 2019 is included in our store counts and comparable store sales for all periods presented. The number of new store openings during the last two fiscal years were as follows: First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 Fiscal Year Ended February 4, 2018 6 5 1 3 15 4 4 1 5 14 Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Adjusted EBITDA The following table reconciles (in dollars and as a percent of total revenues) Net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated: Net income Interest expense, net Loss on debt retirement Provision for income tax Depreciation and amortization expense EBITDA Loss on asset disposal Share-based compensation Pre-opening costs Other costs (1) Adjusted EBITDA Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 Fiscal Year Ended February 4, 2018 10.6% 23.6% $117,221 13,113 — 30,666 118,275 279,275 1,121 7,422 23,163 136 9.3% $120,949 8,665 718 35,440 102,766 22.1% 268,538 1,863 8,916 23,746 (333) $311,117 24.6% $302,730 26.6% (1) Primarily represents costs related to currency transaction (gains) or losses. Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization The following table reconciles (in dollars and as a percent of total revenues) Operating income to Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization for the periods indicated: Operating income General and administrative expenses Depreciation and amortization expense Pre-opening costs Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization 41 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 Fiscal Year Ended February 4, 2018 161,000 61,521 118,275 23,163 12.7% $165,772 59,565 102,766 23,746 14.5% 363,959 28.8% $351,849 30.9% Capital Additions The following table reflects accrual-based capital additions. Capital additions do not include payments from landlords. New store and operating initiatives Games Maintenance capital Total capital additions Payments from landlords Results of Operations Revenues Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 $162,763 27,381 20,821 Fiscal Year Ended February 4, 2018 $185,449 18,712 19,160 $210,965 $223,321 $ 52,099 $ 40,334 Total revenues increased $125,510 or 11.0%, to $1,265,301 in fiscal 2018 compared to total revenues of $1,139,791 in fiscal 2017. For the year ended February 3, 2019, we derived 28.9% of our total revenue from food sales, 13.5% from beverage sales, 56.8% from amusement sales and 0.8% from other sources. For the year ended February 4, 2018 we derived 29.5% of our total revenue from food sales, 13.9% from beverage sales, 55.8% from amusement sales and 0.8% from other sources. The net increase in revenues for fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017 were from the following sources: Comparable stores Comparable stores - impact of one less week Non-comparable stores Other Total $ (15,250) (17,551) 163,250 (4,939) $125,510 The following discussion on comparable store sales has been prepared by comparing fiscal 2018 revenues to fiscal 2017 revenues shifted to a 52-week basis (beginning February 6, 2017 and ending February 4, 2018). We have estimated the impact of the first week of fiscal 2017 to be $19,457. Comparable store revenue decreased $15,250 or 1.6%, in fiscal 2018 compared to the comparable fifty-two weeks of fiscal 2017. Comparable store revenue compared to the prior fiscal year was, in part, negatively impacted by increased competitive pressure and sales transfers to new stores that we opened in markets where we operate. Comparable walk-in revenues, which accounted for 89.7% of comparable store revenue for fiscal 2018, decreased $12,017, or 1.4% compared to the similar period in fiscal 2017. Comparable store special events revenues, which accounted for 10.3% of consolidated comparable store revenue for fiscal 2018, decreased $3,233, or 3.2% compared to the comparable period in fiscal 2017. Food sales at comparable stores decreased by $9,823, or 3.5%, to $274,262 for fiscal 2018 from $284,085 in the comparable period in fiscal 2017. Beverage sales at comparable stores decreased by $4,858, or 3.6%, to $128,422 for fiscal 2018 from $133,280 in the 2017 comparison period. The decrease in food and beverage unit sales at comparable stores was partially offset by an overall increase in menu prices. Comparable store amusement and other revenues in fiscal 2018 decreased by $569, or 0.1%, to $551,405 from $551,974 in the comparable fifty-two weeks of fiscal 2017. Non-comparable store revenue increased by $163,250 for fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017. The increase in non-comparable store revenue was primarily driven by 815 additional operating store weeks contributed by our thirty-five non-comparable stores. The additional weeks exclude seven operating store weeks in fiscal 2017, due to the shift described above. 42 Cost of products The total cost of products was $220,263 for fiscal 2018 and $196,672 for fiscal 2017. The total cost of products as a percentage of total revenues was 17.4% and 17.3% for fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017, respectively. For the year ended February 3, 2019, the cost of food products was 26.8% of food revenue, the cost of beverage products was 24.2% of beverage revenue, and the amusement and other cost of products was 11.1% of amusement and other revenues. For the year ended February 4, 2018, the cost of food products was 26.6% of food revenue, the cost of beverage products was 24.1% of beverage revenue, and the amusement and other cost of products was 10.7% of amusement and other revenues. Cost of food and beverage products increased to $139,199 in fiscal 2018 compared to $127,600 for fiscal 2017 due primarily to the increased sales volume at our non-comparable stores. Cost of food and beverage products, as a percentage of food and beverage revenues, increased 10 basis points to 25.9% for fiscal 2018 from 25.8% for fiscal 2017. Higher meat costs resulting from our upgraded burger product, higher commodity costs in poultry coupled with additional weeks featuring our “All You Can Eat” wings promotion compared to fiscal 2017 as well as the impact of our larger non-comparable store group, were partially offset by increases in food and beverage prices. Cost of amusement and other increased to $81,064 in fiscal 2018 compared to $69,072 in fiscal 2017. The costs of amusement and other, as a percentage of amusement and other revenues, increased 40 basis points to 11.1% for fiscal 2018 from 10.7% for fiscal 2017. The deterioration of amusement and other cost margins was driven primarily by higher provisions for use tax on redemption items in fiscal 2018 partially offset by the favorable margin impact of the year-over-year increase in game play of non-redemption amusement offerings. Operating payroll and benefits Total operating payroll and benefits increased by $40,200, or 15.7%, to $296,924 in fiscal 2018 compared to $256,724 in fiscal 2017. This increase was primarily due to labor associated with the additional operating store weeks of our non-comparable stores. The total cost of operating payroll and benefits, as a percentage of total revenues, increased 100 basis points to 23.5% in fiscal 2018 compared to 22.5% for fiscal 2017. This increase was due to an average hourly wage rate increase of approximately 4.5%, incremental amusements labor related to our new proprietary virtual reality platform, higher store-level incentive compensation and payroll related benefits which increased approximately 30 basis points, and unfavorable leverage on decreased comparable store sales. Other store operating expenses Other store operating expenses increased by $49,609, or 14.8%, to $384,155 in fiscal 2018 compared to $334,546 in fiscal 2017, primarily due to new store openings. Other store operating expenses as a percentage of total revenues increased 100 basis points to 30.4% in fiscal 2018 compared to 29.4% in fiscal 2017. This increase was due primarily to unfavorable leverage of our occupancy costs on decreased comparable store sales and increased margin pressure on occupancy costs associated with our recent store openings. General and administrative expenses General and administrative expenses increased by $1,956, or 3.3%, to $61,521 in fiscal 2018 compared to $59,565 in fiscal 2017. Increases in labor and professional services costs were partially offset by the absence of a prior year $2,550 charge for litigation settlement costs and lower incremental compensation costs related to our share-based awards. General and administrative expenses, as a percentage of total revenues, decreased 30 basis points to 4.9% in fiscal 2018 compared to 5.2% in fiscal 2017, for the same reasons above offset by favorable leverage on revenue increases. Depreciation and amortization expense Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $15,509, or 15.1%, to $118,275 in fiscal 2018 compared to $102,766 in fiscal 2017. Increased depreciation due to our 2017 and 2018 capital expenditures for new stores, operating initiatives, including remodels, games and maintenance capital, was partially offset by other assets reaching the end of their depreciable lives. 43 Pre-opening costs Pre-opening costs decreased by $583 to $23,163 in fiscal 2018 compared to $23,746 in fiscal 2017 due to the number and timing of new store openings and stores in development. Interest expense, net Interest expense, net increased by $4,448 to $13,113 in fiscal 2018 compared to $8,665 in fiscal 2017 due to both an increase in outstanding debt and an increase in variable interest rates. Loss on debt refinancing In connection with the August 17, 2017, debt refinancing (see Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion), the Company recorded a charge of $718 during the third quarter of fiscal 2017. Provision for income taxes The effective income tax rate decreased to 20.7% in fiscal 2018 compared to 22.7% in fiscal 2017. This decrease in the effective tax rate was favorably impacted by the reduction in the statutory rate from 33.7% to 21.0%, offset by the absence of the revaluation of deferrals of 5.1%, as a result of the Tax Act enacted on December 22, 2017. The impact from the Tax Act was offset by an unfavorable 4.0% impact from lower excess tax benefit associated with share-based compensation and an unfavorable 1.5% impact from state taxes. Other differences from the statutory rate are due to the FICA tip credits and the impact of certain income and expense items which are not recognized for income tax purposes. Refer to Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for further information on our income tax provision. Liquidity and Capital Resources Cash and Cash Equivalents At February 2, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $24,655 and a net working capital deficit of $211,888. We are able to operate with a working capital deficit because cash from sales is usually received before related liabilities for product, supplies, labor and services become due. Our operations do not require significant inventory or receivables, and we continually invest in our business through the growth of stores and operating improvement additions, which are reflected as noncurrent assets and not a part of working capital. As noted above, we expect the COVID-19 pandemic will have a material adverse effect on our business. Federal, state and local governments took a variety of actions to contain the spread of COVID-19. Many jurisdictions required mandatory store closures or imposed capacity limitations and other restrictions affecting our operations. As of March 20, 2020, all of our 137 operating stores were temporarily closed (including our newest store that opened on March 16, 2020). Due to the impact of coronavirus outbreak on the economy and our business, we have determined that we may not be able to comply with the financial covenants of our term loan and revolving credit facility. Accordingly, substantial doubt about our ability to meet our obligations when they become due exists. We have engaged in and are continuing to engage in discussions with various parties to explore financing opportunities to enhance liquidity. Additionally, we are proactively taking steps to increase available cash including, but not limited to, targeted reductions in discretionary operating expenses and capital expenditures, and utilizing funds available under our existing revolving credit facility. To mitigate the effects of the store closures, we: • • • • reduced expenses broadly, including by furloughing nearly all of workforce except a small team of essential personnel, and temporarily reducing pay and benefits for remaining employees, significantly reduced capital spending; halted all planned store openings; suspended our share repurchase program and our dividend; and 44 • fully drew down the remaining credit available under our $500,000 revolving credit facility. In addition, we: • • • have begun discussions with our landlords, vendors, and other business partners to reduce our lease and contract payments and obtain other concessions; are in discussions with our lenders to obtain covenant relief to avoid events of default; and are negotiating with potential investors to secure additional sources of financing. While our lenders have granted a waiver of any event of default associated with our independent auditor’s report indicating a substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in connection with our year-end audit, and some landlords and business partners have agreed to certain concessions, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining all of the relief we are seeking. Refer to “Risk Factors – COVID-19 has had an adverse effect that is material on our business and may continue to do so” and “Risk Factors – As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, our financial statements contain a statement regarding a substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.” Debt and Derivatives We maintain a $500,000 secured revolving credit facility. Availability under the revolving credit facility is reduced by outstanding letters of credit, which are used to support our self-insurance programs. At February 2, 2020, we had net availability for borrowings of $109,853 based on an outstanding revolver balance of $382,000 and $8,147 in standby letters of credit. We had total outstanding debt obligation of $648,250 under the existing term loan and revolving credit facility, which matures in August 2022. At February 2, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all our covenants contained in our existing credit facility. As of the date of this filing, we have drawn down substantially all of our available credit under the revolving credit facility, bringing our total borrowings under the revolving credit facility to approximately $500,000. If there is an event of default on our revolving credit facility, the entire balance plus accrued interest may become due and payable or our interest rate could change to the default rate of interest, as defined, which would be significantly higher than the current interest rate. As noted above, we are in discussion with our lenders under the revolving credit facility to obtain covenant relief to avoid events of default. We use interest rate swaps in the management of our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates on our variable rate credit facility. Our swap agreements with our derivative counterparties contain a provision where if the Company defaults on any of its indebtedness, and repayment of the indebtedness has been accelerated, the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. Refer to Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of our swap agreements. Dividends and Share Repurchases Our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, under which the Company may repurchase shares on the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, and through trading plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act. The share repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. At February 2, 2020, we had approximately $172,820 remaining of a total $800,000 share repurchase authorization. The existing share repurchase program expires at the end of fiscal 2020. During fiscal 2019, we declared cash dividends of $20,615. Our Board of Directors may authorize capital allocation initiatives, including additional dividends, to return value to shareholders as allowable under our existing credit facility. As a result of the impacts to our business arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, share purchases and dividend payments have been indefinitely suspended. 45 Cash Flows Summary The primary sources of cash flow are from our operating activities and availability under the revolving credit facility. The following table presents a summary of our net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the periods indicated: Net cash provided by (used in): Operating activities Investing activities Financing activities Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 $ 288,946 (227,291) (58,585) $ 337,616 (203,808) (131,018) $ 264,672 (216,623) (49,337) Operating Activities — Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $48,670 in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. Lower operating margins were offset by increased cash flows from additional non-comparable store sales, with the decrease in cash provided by operating activities driven by a decrease in working capital. Net cash provided by operating activities increased by approximately $73,000 in fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017. Increased cash flows from operations were driven primarily by increased cash flows from additional non-comparable store sales as well as an increase in working capital. Cash flow generated from operations provides us with a significant source of liquidity. Our operating cash flows result primarily from cash received from our customers, offset by cash payments we make for products and services, employee compensation, operations and occupancy costs. Investing Activities — Cash used in investing activities primarily reflects capital expenditures. • • • In fiscal 2019, the Company spent approximately $187,000 ($153,000 net of payments from landlords) for new store construction and operating improvement initiatives, $19,000 for game refreshment and $22,000 for maintenance capital. In fiscal 2018, the Company spent approximately $164,500 ($112,500 net of payments from landlords) for new store construction and operating improvement initiatives, $29,000 for game refreshment, and $22,500 for maintenance capital. In fiscal 2017, the Company spent approximately $183,500 ($143,000 net of payments from landlords) for new store construction and operating improvement initiatives, $19,000 for game refreshment, and $17,500 for maintenance capital. Financing Activities — Cash used in financing activities primarily reflected: • • • In fiscal 2019, approximately $297,000 of share repurchases and approximately $16,000 of cash dividends paid, partially offset by $254,000 of net proceeds from borrowings of debt. In fiscal 2018, approximately $149,000 of share repurchases and approximately $11,500 of cash dividends paid, partially offset by $27,000 of net proceeds from borrowings. In fiscal 2017, approximately $152,000 of share repurchases, partially offset by net proceeds from borrowings of debt of $102,500. 46 Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments The following table sets forth the contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of February 2, 2020: Credit Facility (1) Interest requirements (2) Operating leases (3) Total Total 1 Year or Less 2-3 Years 4-5 Years After 5 Years $ 648,250 56,251 2,023,656 $ 15,000 22,481 125,624 $633,250 33,770 259,664 $ — $ — — — 243,373 1,394,995 $2,728,157 $163,105 $926,684 $243,373 $1,394,995 (2) (1) The Credit Facility includes a $300,000 term loan facility and $500,000 revolving credit facility. As of February 2, 2020, we had borrowings of $266,250 under the term loan facility and borrowings of $382,000 under the revolving credit facility. The cash obligations for interest requirements are based on outstanding debt at February 2, 2020, adjusted for scheduled principal payments on the term loan facility, using the swap rate on $350,000 principal and a floating rate based on one-month LIBOR at February 2, 2020 for the remainder, plus a 1.50% spread. (3) Our operating leases generally provide for one or more renewal options. These renewal options allow us to extend the term of the lease for a specified time at an established annual lease payment. Future obligations related to lease renewal options that have been exercised or were reasonably assured to be exercised as of the lease origination date, have been included in the table above. We do not have any remaining options to extend the lease term of one lease which expires in 2023. All our other leases include renewal options that give us the opportunity to extend the lease terms beyond 2023. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We have no material off-balance sheet arrangements. Critical accounting policies and estimates The above discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Critical accounting policies are those that we believe are most important to portraying our financial condition and results of operations and require the greatest amount of judgment by management. Judgment or uncertainties regarding the application of these policies may result in materially different amounts being reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. We consider the following policies to be the most critical in understanding the judgment that is involved in preparing the consolidated financial statements. Accounting for amusement operations. Amusement revenues are primarily recognized upon utilization of game play credits on power cards purchased and used by customers to activate video and redemption games. Redemption games allow customers to earn tickets, which may be redeemed for prizes in our WIN! area. We have deferred a portion of amusement revenues for the estimated unfulfilled performance obligations based on an estimated rate of future use by customers of unused game play credits and the material right provided to customers to redeem tickets in the future for prizes. We estimate the amount of deferred revenue based upon credits and tickets remaining on Power Cards, historic game play credit and ticket utilization patterns and estimates of the standalone selling prices of game play credits and the customer material right. The standalone selling price of the customer material right is estimated using an equivalent chip cost plus margin approach. For purposes of recognizing revenue, the total amount collected from each customer is then allocated between the two performance obligations based on the relative standalone selling price of each obligation. 47 Recent accounting pronouncements. Refer to Note 1 of Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding new accounting pronouncements. ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Commodity Price Risk We are exposed to market price fluctuation in food and beverage product prices. Given the historical volatility of certain of our food product prices, including proteins, seafood, produce, dairy products, and cooking oil, these fluctuations can materially impact our food costs. While our purchasing commitments partially mitigate the risk of such fluctuations, there is no assurance that supply and demand factors such as disease or inclement weather will not cause the prices of the commodities used in our restaurant operations to fluctuate. Additionally, the cost of purchased materials may be influenced by tariffs and other trade regulations which are outside of our control. To the extent that we do not pass along cost increases to our customers, our results of operations may be adversely affected. Currently, we do not use financial instruments to hedge our commodity risk. Interest Rate Risk We are exposed to interest rate risk arising from changes in interest rates due to the variable rate indebtedness under our credit facility. Borrowings pursuant to our credit facility bear interest at a floating rate based on one-month LIBOR, plus an applicable margin. Effective February 28, 2019, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements with a notional amount of $350,000 to manage our exposure to interest rate movements on our variable rate credit facility. The agreements convert the floating interest rate to a fixed interest rate of 2.47% plus a spread from the effective date through the term of our existing credit facility. Inflation The primary inflationary factors affecting our operations are food, labor costs, and energy costs. Many of our leases require us to pay taxes, maintenance, repairs, insurance and utilities, all of which are generally subject to inflationary increases. Also, the cost of new store construction is subject to inflationary increases in the costs of labor and material. We have a substantial number of hourly employees who are paid wage rates at or based on the applicable federal, state or city minimum wage and increases in the minimum wage will increase our labor costs. Several states and local jurisdictions in which we operate have enacted legislation to increase the minimum wage and/or minimum tipped wage rates by varying amounts, with more planned increases in the future. In general, we have been able to partially offset cost increases resulting from inflation by increasing menu or game prices, improving productivity, or other operating changes. We may or may not be able to offset cost increases in the future. ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data The consolidated financial statements of the Company and supplementary data are included as pages F-1 through F-24 in this report. ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. 48 ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures Disclosure Controls and Procedures We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of February 2, 2020. Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that, as of February 2, 2020, such disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management, including our CEO and CFO, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our system of internal control over financial reporting was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements in accordance with GAAP. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of February 2, 2020 based on the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013), issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. This evaluation included reviewing the documentation of controls, evaluating the design effectiveness of controls, testing of the operating effectiveness of controls and concluding on this evaluation. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of February 2, 2020. Our independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of February 2, 2020, as stated in their report which is included herein. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our fourth fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. ITEM 9B. Other Information None. 49 PART III ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance The information required by Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference to the sections entitled “Proposal No. 1—Election of Directors”, “Directors and Corporate Governance”, “Executive Officers” and “Executive Compensation” in the Proxy Statement. ITEM 11. Executive Compensation The information required by Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference to the sections entitled “Proposal No. 1—Election of Directors”, “Directors and Corporate Governance” and “Executive Compensation” in the Proxy Statement. ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters The information required by Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference to the sections entitled “Executive Compensation” and “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the Proxy Statement. ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence The information required by Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference to the sections entitled “Directors and Corporate Governance” and “Transactions with Related Persons” in the Proxy Statement. ITEM 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services The information required by Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled “Proposal No. 2 – Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Proxy Statement. 50 ITEM 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules PART IV (1) Financial Statements See Pages F-1 to F-24 of this report. (2) Financial Statement Schedules None. 51 Exhibit Number INDEX OF EXHIBITS Description 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report filed on Form 8-K by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on June 12, 2017 (No. 001-35664)) Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report filed on Form 8-K by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on June 12, 2017 (No. 001-35664)) Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report filed on Form 8-K by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on March 19, 2020 (No. 001-35664)) Form of Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Amendment 1 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 24, 2014 (No. 333-198641)) Rights Agreement, dated as of March 18, 2020, between Registrant and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as Rights Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report filed on Form 8-K by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on March 19, 2020 (No. 001-35664)) Form of Employee Agreement by and among Dave & Buster’s Management Corporation, Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc., and the various executive officers of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 18, 2015 (No. 333-207031)) Dave & Buster’s Parent, Inc. 2010 Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form S-4 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s, Inc. on August 11, 2010 (No. 333-168759)) Amendment No. 1 to the Dave & Buster’s Parent, Inc. 2010 Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed by Dave & Buster’s, Inc. on June 15, 2011) (No. 001-15007) Amendment No. 2 to the Dave & Buster’s Parent, Inc. 2010 Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the annual report on Form 10-K filed by Dave & Buster’s, Inc. on April 16, 2013) (No. 001-15007) Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Form S-8 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on October 9, 2014 (No. 333-199239)) Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various Directors of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 18, 2015 (No. 333-207031)) Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various employees of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 18, 2015 (No. 333-207031)) Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various Directors of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 18, 2015 (No. 333-207031)) 52 Exhibit Number 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 21.1* 23.1* 24.1* 31.1* 31.2* 32.1* Description Form of Restricted Stock Unit and Cash Award Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various employees of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 18, 2015 (No. 333-207031)) Dave & Buster’s Select Executive Retirement Plan as amended and restated by Dave & Buster’s I, L.P., effective January 1, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 8, 2014 (No. 333-198641)) Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors, executive officers and key employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Amendment 1 to the Form S-1 Registration Statement filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on September 24, 2014 (No. 333-198641)) Credit Agreement, dated as of August 17, 2017 by and among Dave & Buster’s Holdings, Inc., Dave & Buster’s Inc. (“the Borrower”) the direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Borrower from time to time party thereto, as guarantors, the several financial institutions from time to time party thereto, as lenders, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and Wells Fargo, National Association, as syndication agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 23, 2017) Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various employees of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on June 11, 2019 (No. 001-35664)) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various Directors of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on June 11, 2019 (No. 001-35664)) Form of Restricted Stock Unit and Cash Award Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various employees of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on June 11, 2019 (No. 001-35664)) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, by and between Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and various employees of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed by Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. on June 11, 2019 (No. 001-35664)) Subsidiaries of the Registrant Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Power of Attorney (included on signature page) Certification of Brian A. Jenkins, Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant, pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a) or 17 CFR 240.15d-14(a). Certification of Scott J. Bowman, Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant, pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a) or 17 CFR 240.15d-14(a). Certification of Brian A. Jenkins, Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 53 Exhibit Number 32.2* Certification of Scott J. Bowman, Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Description 101.INS XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) * Filed herein 54 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. Date: April 3, 2020 DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC., a Delaware Corporation By: /s/ Scott J. Bowman Scott J. Bowman Chief Financial Officer POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each of the undersigned constitutes and appoints each of Brian A. Jenkins and Rob W. Edmund, or either of them, each acting alone, his/her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such person and in his/her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Report, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he/she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming that any such attorney-in-fact and agent, or his/her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, we have signed in our indicated capacities on April 3, 2020. By: /s/ Brian A. Jenkins Brian A. Jenkins Signature By: /s/ Scott J. Bowman Scott J. Bowman By: /s/ Stephen M. King Stephen M. King By: /s/ Victor L. Crawford Victor L. Crawford By: /s/ Hamish A. Dodds Hamish A. Dodds By: /s/ Michael J. Griffith Michael J. Griffith By: /s/ Jonathan S. Halkyard Jonathan S. Halkyard Chief Executive Officer and Director Title (Principal Executive Officer) Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) Chairman of the Board Director Director Director Director 55 Signature Title By: /s/ Patricia H. Mueller Patricia H. Mueller By: /s/ Kevin M. Sheehan Kevin M. Sheehan By: /s/ Jennifer Storms Jennifer Storms Director Director Director 56 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Stockholders and Board of Directors Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.: Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting We have audited Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.’s and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of February 2, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of February 2, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of February 2, 2020, and February 3, 2019, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the fiscal years ended February 2, 2020, February 3, 2019, and February 4, 2018, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated April 3, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. F-1 Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. /s/ KPMG LLP Dallas, Texas April 3, 2020 F-2 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Stockholders and Board of Directors Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.: Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the fiscal years ended February 2, 2020, February 3, 2019, February 4, 2018, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the fiscal years ended February 2, 2020, February 3, 2019, and February 4, 2018, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of February 2, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated April 3, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Going Concern The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has closed all of its stores as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic which has caused a material adverse effect on the Company’s revenues, results of operations, and cash flows, including the Company’s ability to meet its obligations when due. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties. Change in Accounting Principle As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leasing transactions as of February 4, 2019 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Basis for Opinion These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. F-3 Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate. Evaluation of the estimated rate of future use assumption used to determine deferred amusement revenue As discussed in Notes 1 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company defers a portion of amusement revenues for the estimated unfulfilled performance obligations related to unused game play credits which they believe their customers will utilize in the future. The Company recorded deferred amusement revenue of $75.1 million as of February 2, 2020, which is included in accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet and disclosed as deferred amusement revenue. The deferral is based on an estimated rate of future use by customers. The Company applies judgment to determine the estimated rate of future use by customers using information about game play credits outstanding and historical customer utilization patterns. We identified the evaluation of the estimated rate of future use assumption used to determine deferred amusement revenue as a critical audit matter. Subjective auditor judgment was required to evaluate the effect of historical customer usage patterns on the estimated rate of future use assumption. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We tested certain internal controls over the Company’s deferred amusement revenue process, including controls related to the development of the estimated rate of future use assumption. We evaluated historical periods’ game play credit activity for indication of significant changes in customer behavior and to determine whether changes in the historical activity were consistent with changes in the Company’s business that impact the estimated rate of future usage assumption. We compared trends of customers’ historical use patterns to the Company’s estimated rate of future use assumption. We assessed the outstanding game play credit data utilized by the Company to derive the estimated rate of future use assumption by comparing it to relevant underlying documentation. Evaluation of the estimated redemption rate used to determine deferred amusement revenue related to tickets As discussed in Notes 1 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company defers a portion of amusement revenue for the estimated unfulfilled performance obligations related to unredeemed tickets which they believe their customers will utilize in the future. The Company recorded deferred amusement revenue of $75.1 million as of February 2, 2020, which is included in accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet and disclosed as deferred amusement revenue. The deferral is based on an estimated redemption rate of outstanding tickets that will be redeemed in subsequent periods. The Company applies judgment to determine the redemption rate assumption using information about tickets outstanding and customers’ historic redemption patterns. We identified the evaluation of the estimated redemption rate used to determine deferred amusement revenue related to tickets as a critical audit matter. Subjective auditor judgment was required to evaluate the effect of historical customer redemption patterns on the estimated rate of future use assumption. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We tested certain internal controls over the Company’s deferred amusement revenue process, including controls related to the development of the redemption rate assumption. We evaluated previous periods’ ticket redemption activity for indication of significant changes in customer behavior and to determine whether F-4 changes in the historical activity were consistent with changes in the Company’s business that impact the estimated redemption rate. We compared trends of customers’ historical redemption patterns to the Company’s estimated redemption rate. We assessed the outstanding ticket data utilized by the Company to derive the redemption rate assumption by comparing it to relevant underlying documentation. /s/ KPMG LLP We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2010. Dallas, Texas April 3, 2020 F-5 DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Inventories Prepaid expenses Income taxes receivable Other current assets Total current assets Property and equipment (net of $686,824 and $578,178 accumulated depreciation as of February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, respectively) Operating lease right of use assets, net Deferred tax assets Tradenames Goodwill Other assets and deferred charges Total assets LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Current installments of long-term debt Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Income taxes payable Total current liabilities Deferred income taxes Deferred occupancy costs Operating lease liabilities Other liabilities Long-term debt, net Commitments and contingencies Stockholders’ equity: Common stock, par value $0.01; authorized: 400,000,000 shares; issued: 43,386,852 shares at February 2, 2020 and 43,177,476 shares at February 3, 2019; outstanding: 30,603,340 shares at February 2, 2020 and 37,522,085 shares at February 3, 2019 Preferred stock, 50,000,000 authorized; none issued Paid-in capital Treasury stock, 12,783,512 and 5,655,391 shares as of February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, respectively Accumulated other comprehensive loss Retained earnings Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-6 February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 $ $ 24,655 34,477 14,269 2,331 3,245 78,977 900,637 1,011,568 7,639 79,000 272,636 19,682 21,585 27,315 20,713 1,880 19,600 91,093 805,337 — 6,736 79,000 272,625 18,396 $2,370,139 $1,273,187 $ 15,000 65,359 207,452 3,054 290,865 19,102 — 1,222,054 35,779 632,689 $ 15,000 60,427 157,164 11,799 244,390 14,634 223,678 — 24,179 378,469 434 — 339,161 432 — 331,255 (595,041) (8,369) 433,465 (297,129) (683) 353,962 169,650 387,837 $2,370,139 $1,273,187 DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Food and beverage revenues Amusement and other revenues Total revenues Cost of food and beverage Cost of amusement and other Total cost of products Operating payroll and benefits Other store operating expenses General and administrative expenses Depreciation and amortization expense Pre-opening costs Total operating costs Operating income Interest expense, net Loss on debt retirement Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Unrealized foreign currency translation gain (loss) Unrealized loss of derivatives, net of tax Total other comprehensive income (loss) Total comprehensive income Net income per share: Basic Diluted Weighted average shares used in per share calculations: Basic Diluted Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2020 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 Fiscal Year Ended February 4, 2018 $ 563,576 791,115 $ 536,469 728,832 $ 494,816 644,975 1,354,691 148,196 85,115 1,265,301 139,199 81,064 1,139,791 127,600 69,072 233,311 322,970 429,431 69,469 132,460 18,971 220,263 296,924 384,155 61,521 118,275 23,163 1,206,612 1,104,301 148,079 20,937 — 127,142 26,879 100,263 (65) (7,621) (7,686) 161,000 13,113 — 147,887 30,666 117,221 (434) — (434) 196,672 256,724 334,546 59,565 102,766 23,746 974,019 165,772 8,665 718 156,389 35,440 120,949 474 — 474 $ $ $ 92,577 $ 116,787 $ 121,423 3.00 2.94 $ $ 3.00 2.93 $ $ 2.93 2.84 33,450,217 34,099,378 39,047,106 39,975,122 41,276,314 42,583,009 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-7 DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Common Stock Shares Amt. Paid-In Capital Treasury Stock At Cost Shares Amt. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (loss) Retained Earnings Total Balance January 29, 2017 42,469,570 $425 $310,230 264,983 $ (14,817) $ (723) $144,337 $ 439,452 Net income Unrealized foreign currency translation gain Share-based compensation Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle Issuance of common stock Repurchase of common stock Issuance of treasury stock — — — — — — — — 8,916 — 191,236 2 1,342 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2,636,616 (151,913) 19,399 (342,878) — 120,949 120,949 474 — — — — — — — 474 8,916 782 — 782 1,344 — (151,913) 1,642 (17,757) Balance February 4, 2018 42,660,806 427 320,488 2,558,721 (147,331) (249) 248,311 421,646 Net income Unrealized foreign currency translation loss Dividends declared ($0.30 per share) Share-based compensation Issuance of common stock Repurchase of common stock — — — — — — — — — — 5 516,670 — 7,422 3,345 — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3,096,670 (149,798) — 117,221 117,221 (434) — (434) — — — — (11,570) — — (11,570) 7,422 3,350 — (149,798) Balance February 3, 2019 43,177,476 432 331,255 5,655,391 (297,129) (683) 353,962 387,837 Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of tax Net income Unrealized foreign — — — — currency translation loss — — Unrealized loss of derivatives, net of tax Dividends declared ($0.62 per share) Share-based compensation Issuance of common stock Repurchase of common stock — — — — — — — — — — 2 209,376 — 6,857 1,049 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (65) (7,621) (145) 100,263 (145) 100,263 — — (65) (7,621) — — — — (20,615) — — (20,615) 6,857 1,051 — (297,912) — — — 7,128,121 (297,912) Balance February 2, 2020 43,386,852 $434 $339,161 12,783,512 $(595,041) $(8,369) $433,465 $ 169,650 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-8 DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: $ 100,263 $ 117,221 $ 120,949 Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2020 Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2019 Fiscal Year Ended February 4, 2018 Depreciation and amortization expense Deferred taxes Loss on debt refinancing Loss on disposal of fixed assets Share-based compensation Other, net Changes in assets and liabilities: Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepaid expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets and deferred charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred occupancy costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures Proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions Proceeds from insurance Proceeds from sales of property and equipment Collections on notes receivable Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from debt Payments of debt Debt issuance costs Repurchase of common stock Repurchases of common stock to satisfy employee withholding tax obligations Dividends paid Proceeds from the exercise of stock options Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock Net cash used in financing activities Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Beginning cash and cash equivalents Ending cash and cash equivalents Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Increase (decrease) in fixed asset accounts payable Cash paid for income taxes, net Cash paid for interest, net Dividends declared, not paid 132,460 6,473 — 1,813 6,857 1,070 (7,162) (2,162) (451) 5,320 (1,017) 2,026 47,896 (8,745) — 4,305 118,275 5,474 — 1,121 7,422 1,049 245 (1,661) 2,987 4,705 (2,523) 11,122 21,329 8,762 38,958 3,130 102,766 (8,845) 718 1,863 8,916 881 (5,700) (3,224) 1,034 (13,361) (224) (4,071) 22,394 345 37,702 2,529 288,946 337,616 264,672 (228,091) — — 800 — (216,286) 11,571 541 366 — (219,901) — — 78 3,200 (227,291) (203,808) (216,623) 406,000 (152,000) — (297,317) (595) (15,724) 1,051 — 265,000 (238,000) — (149,125) (673) (11,570) 3,350 — 509,000 (406,500) (2,910) (151,913) — — 1,344 1,642 (58,585) (131,018) (49,337) 3,070 21,585 2,790 18,795 (1,288) 20,083 $ 24,655 $ 21,585 $ 18,795 2,906 $ $ 27,245 $ 20,115 4,891 $ (5,321) $ $ 13,464 $ 12,247 — $ 3,420 $ $ 43,072 7,853 $ — $ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-9 DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Note 1: Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Description of the business — Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. (“D&B Entertainment”) is a Delaware corporation formed in June 2010. References to the “Company”, “we”, “us”, and “our” refers to D&B Entertainment, any predecessor companies, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Dave & Buster’s Holdings, Inc. (“D&B Holdings”), a holding company which owns 100% of the outstanding common stock of Dave & Buster’s, Inc. (“D&B Inc”), the operating company. The Company, headquartered in Dallas, Texas, is a leading operator of high-volume entertainment and dining venues (“stores”) in North America for adults and families under the name “Dave & Buster’s”. The Company operates its business as one operating and one reportable segment. As of February 2, 2020, we owned and operated 136 stores located in 39 states, Puerto Rico and one Canadian province. We own and operate two stores outside of the United States, in the Canadian province of Ontario. These stores generated revenues of approximately $18,649, $18,848 and $20,075 in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of February 2, 2020, less than 2.0% of our long-lived assets were located outside of the United States. Going Concern — During the period from March 14, 2020 to March 20, 2020, the Company closed 100% of its 137 operating stores (including one new store that opened in fiscal 2020) in compliance with guidance and orders issued by federal, state and local governments to combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. These developments have caused a material adverse impact on the Company’s revenues, results of operations and cash flows, including the Company’s ability to meet its obligations when due. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of one year from the date the financial statements are issued. The extent of impact of these conditions will be based in part on the duration of the store closures and the timing and extent of customers re-engaging with the brand. The Company is unable to determine whether, when or the manner in which the conditions surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will change, including when any restrictions or closure requirements will be lifted, when it will be able to reopen its stores, whether it will be able to successfully staff stores, and the degree to which it will be able to reengage customers. The Company has taken several immediate steps to reduce operating costs and to conserve cash. The Company furloughed nearly all of its workforce except a small team of essential personnel and reduced pay and benefits for the remaining employees. On March 18, 2020, the Company borrowed substantially all of the remaining availability under its revolving credit facility, and the Company continues to actively manage its daily cash flows. Additionally, the Company is undertaking conversations with landlords and other vendors to discuss relief from cash payments during this period, which may not be successful. The Company was in compliance with the debt covenant reporting and compliance obligations under its existing credit facility as of February 2, 2020, the end of its fiscal year 2019. However, given the current circumstances around the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company does not expect to be in compliance with its debt covenants in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 absent relief that has been requested from its lenders. If the Company were unable to meet its financial covenants or some other event of default arises, the Company’s lenders could instruct the administrative agent under the existing credit facility to exercise remedies including declaring the principal of and accrued interest on all outstanding indebtedness due and payable, terminating all remaining commitments and obligations under the revolving credit facility and requiring the posting of cash collateral in respect of 103% of the outstanding letters of credit under the revolving credit facility. Additionally, the full amount due under the interest rate swap agreement would become due. Although the lenders under the existing credit facility may waive the defaults or forebear the exercise of remedies, they are not obligated to do so. Failure to obtain such a waiver would have a material adverse effect on the liquidity, financial condition and results of operations and may result in filing a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in order to implement a restructuring plan. F-10 The Company could experience other potential impacts as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including, but not limited to, charges from potential adjustments to the carrying amount of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and long-lived asset impairment charges. Actual results may differ materially from the Company’s current estimates as the scope of the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, depending largely though not exclusively on the duration of the disruption to its business. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to any of the foregoing uncertainties. Principles of consolidation — The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of D&B Entertainment and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Fiscal year — The Company’s fiscal year consists of 52 or 53 weeks ending on the Sunday after the Saturday closest to January 31. Fiscal 2019, which ended on February 2, 2020, contained 52 weeks. Fiscal 2018, which ended on February 3, 2019, contained 52 weeks. Fiscal 2017, which ended on February 4, 2018, contained 53 weeks. Each quarterly period has 13 weeks, except in a 53-week year when the fourth quarter has 14 weeks. Use of estimates — The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and for the period then ended. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and cash equivalents — We consider transaction settlements in process from credit card companies and all highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Our cash management system provides for the daily funding of all major bank disbursement accounts as checks are presented for payment. Under this system, outstanding checks in excess of the cash balances at certain banks creates book overdrafts. Book overdrafts of $14,026 and $12,782 are presented in “Accounts payable” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, respectively. Changes in the book overdraft position are presented within “Net cash provided by operating activities” within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. As of February 2, 2020, the Company had no restricted cash. Concentration of credit risk — Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with multiple financial institutions. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions with reputable credit and therefore bear minimal credit risk. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents at financial institutions in excess of amounts covered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Inventories — Inventories consist of food, beverages, amusement merchandise and other supplies and are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. We record inventory reserves for obsolete and slow-moving inventory. Cloud-Based Computing Arrangements — The Company defers application development stage costs for cloud-based computing arrangements and amortizes over the related service (subscription) agreement. F-11 Property and equipment — Property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line method, based on the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the terms of the underlying leases of the related assets. Estimated depreciable lives for the categories of property and equipment follows: Estimated Depreciable Lives (In Years) Building and building improvements Leasehold improvements Furniture, fixtures and equipment Games 5-40 5-20 3-10 3-20 Expenditures that extend the life, increase capacity or improve the safety or the efficiency of the property and equipment are capitalized, whereas costs incurred to maintain the appearance and functionality of such assets are charged to repair and maintenance expense. Application development stage costs for significant internally- developed software projects are capitalized and amortized as part of furniture, fixtures and equipment. Interest cost on funds used during the acquisition period of significant capital assets are capitalized as part of the asset and depreciated. Gains and losses related to store property and equipment disposals are recorded in “Other store operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that the carrying values of these assets may not be recoverable, we evaluate long-lived assets related to each store to be held and used in business, including property and equipment and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets. In determining the recoverability of the asset value, an analysis is performed at the individual store level, since this is the lowest level of identifiable cash flows and primarily includes an assessment of historical cash flows and other relevant factors and circumstances, including the maturity of the store, changes in the economic environment, unfavorable changes in legal factors or business climate and future operating plans. If the carrying amount is not recoverable, we record an impairment charge, if any, for the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value, which is estimated based on discounted projected future operating cash flows of the store over the remaining service life using a risk adjusted discount rate that is commensurate with the inherent risk. No impairment charges were recognized in fiscal 2019, 2018 or 2017. Goodwill and tradenames — The carrying amount of goodwill is impacted by foreign currency translation adjustments. The foreign currency translation adjustment increased goodwill by $11 and $59 during fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. Goodwill and tradenames which have an indefinite useful life, are not subject to amortization, and are evaluated for impairment annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that impairment may exist. Goodwill and tradenames are evaluated at year end at the level of the Company’s single operating segment, which also represents the Company’s only reporting unit. When evaluating goodwill and tradenames for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that its reporting unit or tradenames are impaired. For fiscal year 2019, 2018 and 2017, there was no impairment to our goodwill or tradenames. Other assets and deferred charges, net — Other assets and deferred charges, net consist primarily of intangible assets related to transferable liquor licenses and intellectual property licenses associated with some of our proprietary amusement offerings, and assets related to various deposits, the employee deferred compensation plan, and unamortized debt issuance costs on the revolving portion of our credit facility. The balance of transferable liquor licenses was $5,025 and $3,837 at the end of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. The costs of purchasing transferable liquor licenses through open markets in jurisdictions with a limited number of authorized liquor licenses are capitalized as indefinite-lived intangible assets and are tested for impairment annually by comparing the estimated fair value of each asset with their carrying amount. The F-12 unamortized balance of our intellectual license costs was $2,422 and $2,029 at the end of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. Intellectual licenses are amortized over the respective term of the license agreements, with a weighted average term remaining of five years at the end of fiscal 2019. Amortization of intellectual licenses of $507 and $259 in fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively, is included in “Other store operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Amortization expense in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 includes $61, $188 and $588, respectively, of amortization associated with our customer relationships and trademarks, which were fully amortized as of the end of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2017, respectively. The Company capitalizes certain costs incurred in connection with borrowings or establishment of credit facilities, and these costs are amortized as interest expense over the life of the borrowing or life of the related debt facility. Debt issuance costs on the revolving portion of our credit facility were $1,454 and $2,026 at the end of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. Debt issuance costs on the term loan portion of our credit facility are reported as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of our debt. Fair value of financial instruments — Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. In determining fair value, the accounting standards establish a three-level hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: Level One inputs are quoted prices available for identical assets or liabilities in active markets; Level Two inputs are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; and Level Three inputs are unobservable and reflect management’s own assumptions. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate fair value because of their short-term nature. We believe that the carrying amount of our credit facility approximates its fair value because the interest rates are adjusted regularly based on current market conditions. The fair value of the Company’s credit facility was determined to be a Level Two instrument as defined by GAAP. The fair value of the Company’s interest rate swap is determined based upon Level Two inputs which includes valuation models as reported by our counterparties and third-party valuation specialists. These valuation models are based on the present value of expected cash flows using forward rate curves. Interest rate swaps — The Company entered into three interest rate swap agreements to manage our exposure to interest rate movements on our variable rate credit facility. The agreements entitle the Company to receive at specified intervals, a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR in exchange for the payment of a fixed rate of interest throughout the life of the agreements. The notional amount of the swap agreements total $350,000 and the fixed rate of interest for all agreements is 2.47% plus the applicable spread. The agreements became effective on February 28, 2019 and mature on August 17, 2022, which is the maturity date of our credit facility. The Company has designated its interest rate swap agreements as a cash flow hedge and accounts for the underlying activity in accordance with hedge accounting. To the extent that the swaps are effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are not included in earnings but are included in other comprehensive loss. These changes in fair value are subsequently reclassified into net earnings as a component of interest expense as the hedged interest payments are made on our variable rate debt. Cash flows related to the interest rate swaps are included as component of interest expense and in operating activities. Any portion of the fair value of the swaps determined to be ineffective will be recognized currently in earnings. Credit risk related to the failure of our counterparties to perform under the terms of the swap agreements is minimized by entering into transactions with carefully selected, credit-worthy parties and the fact that the swap contracts are distributed among several financial institutions to reduce the concentration of credit risk. Our swap agreements with our derivative counterparties contain a provision where if the Company defaults on any of its indebtedness, and repayment of the indebtedness has been accelerated, the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. F-13 The following derivative instruments were outstanding as of the end of the period: Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Interest rate swaps Interest rate swaps Total derivatives Balance Sheet Location February 2, 2020 Fair Value Accrued liabilities Other liabilities $ (3,518) (6,967) $(10,485) The following table summarizes the activity in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to our interest rate swap derivative instruments: Loss recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss Loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net earnings (1) Income tax benefit of interest rate swaps in accumulated other comprehensive loss February 2, 2020 $(10,485) $ 969 $ 2,864 (1) Amounts reclassified into net earnings are included in “Interest expense, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Revenue recognition — Food and beverage revenues are recognized when payment is tendered at the point of sale as the performance obligation has been satisfied. Amusement revenues are primarily recognized upon utilization of game play credits on power cards purchased and used by customers to activate video and redemption games. Redemption games allow customers to earn tickets, which may be redeemed for prizes in our WIN! area. We have deferred a portion of amusement revenues for the estimated unfulfilled performance obligations based on an estimated rate of future use by customers of unused game play credits and the material right provided to customers to redeem tickets in the future for prizes. We estimate the amount of deferred revenue based upon credits and tickets remaining on Power Cards, historic game play credit and ticket utilization patterns and estimates of the standalone selling prices of game play credits and the customer material right. The standalone selling price of the customer material right is estimated using an equivalent chip cost plus margin approach. Total deferred amusement revenue is included in “Accrued liabilities” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the fiscal year ended February 2, 2020, we recognized revenue of approximately $31,000 related to the amount in deferred amusement revenue as of the end of fiscal 2018. We sell gift cards, which do not have expiration dates, and we do not deduct non-usage fees from outstanding gift card balances. The Company recognizes revenue from gift cards upon redemption by the customer. For unredeemed gift cards that the Company expects to be entitled to breakage and for which there is not a legal obligation to remit the unredeemed gift card balances to the relevant jurisdictions, the Company recognizes expected breakage as revenue in proportion to the pattern of redemption by the customers. The determination of the gift card breakage is based on the Company’s specific historical redemption patterns. Recognized gift card breakage revenue is included in “Amusements and other revenues” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The contract liability related to our gift cards is included in “Accrued liabilities” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the fiscal year ended February 2, 2020, we recognized revenue of approximately $4,700 related to the amount in deferred gift card revenue as of the end of fiscal 2018, of which approximately $780 was gift card breakage revenue. F-14 Revenues are reported net of sales-related taxes collected from customers to be remitted to governmental taxing authorities. Sales tax collected is included in “Accrued liabilities” until the taxes are remitted to the appropriate taxing authorities. Certain of our promotional programs include multiple performance obligations that are discounted from the standalone selling prices. We allocate the entire discount to the amusement performance obligation. Advertising costs — Advertising production costs are expensed in the period when the advertising first takes place. Other advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs expensed were $44,834, $40,767 and $37,876 in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Advertising costs are included in “Other store operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Leases — Our material operating leases consist of facility leases at our stores and our corporate office and warehouse. Operating leases also includes certain equipment leases that have a term in excess of one year. At contract inception, we determine whether a contract is, or contains, a lease by determining whether it conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset for a period of time. We recognize a lease liability representing the present value of lease payments not yet paid and a corresponding ROU asset as of the lease commencement date. Operating lease ROU assets are initially and subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease incentives, initial direct costs, prepayments or accrued lease payments and impairment of ROU assets, if any. We assess lease classification at commencement and reassess lease classification subsequent to commencement upon a change to the expected lease term or modification of the contract. Generally, the Company’s lease contracts do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate, and therefore, the Company uses an estimated incremental borrowing rate as of the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company uses judgment in determining its incremental borrowing rate, which includes selecting a yield curve based on a hypothetical credit rating. Our leases typically have initial terms ranging from ten to twenty years and most include options to extend the leases for one or more 5-year periods. Generally, the lease term includes the noncancelable period of the lease inclusive of reasonably certain renewal periods up to a term of twenty years. The Company’s lease agreements generally contain rent holidays and/or escalating rent clauses. Lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company is generally obligated for the cost of property taxes, insurance and maintenance of the leased assets, which are often variable lease payments. Our leases typically provide for a fixed base rent plus contingent rent to be determined as a percentage of sales greater than certain specified target amounts. Contingent rental payments, when considered probable, are recognized as variable lease expenses. The Company accounts for the lease components and non-lease components, primarily fixed maintenance, for all leases, as a single lease component for new and modified leases. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Tenant incentives used to fund leasehold improvements are recognized when earned and reduce our ROU asset related to the lease. Tenant incentives are amortized through the ROU asset as reductions of expense over the lease term. The balance of leasehold improvement incentive receivables was $6,339 and $10,742 at February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, respectively, and is reflected as a reduction of the current portion of operating lease liabilities as of the end of fiscal 2019. As of the end of fiscal 2018, the balance was included in “Other current assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We consider the concentration of credit risk for tenant improvement allowance receivables from landlords to be minimal due the payment histories and general financial condition of our landlords. Operating leases are included within the “Operating lease right of use assets”, “Accrued liabilities” and “Operating lease liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Operating lease payments are classified as cash flows from operating activities with ROU asset amortization and the change in the lease liability combined within “Other liabilities” in the reconciliation of net income to cash flows provided by operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. F-15 Self-insurance programs — The Company utilizes a self-insurance plan for health, general liability and workers’ compensation coverage. To limit our exposure to losses, we maintain stop-loss coverage through third- party insurers. Losses are accrued based on the Company’s historical claims experience and case losses, assisted by independent third-party actuaries. The estimated cost to settle reported claims and incurred but unreported claims is included in “Accrued liabilities” and “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Pre-opening costs — Pre-opening costs include costs associated with the opening and organizing of new stores, including the cost of feasibility studies, pre-opening rent, training, relocation, recruiting and travel costs for employees engaged in such pre-opening activities. All pre-opening costs are expensed as incurred. Income taxes — Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based upon anticipated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying value of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using current enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which we expect the temporary differences to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred taxes is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. We routinely evaluate the likelihood of realizing the benefit of our deferred tax assets and may record a valuation allowance if, based on all available evidence, we determine that it is more likely than not that some portion of the tax benefit will not be realized. The calculation of tax liabilities involves judgment and evaluation of uncertainties in the interpretation of federal and state tax regulations. We evaluate our exposures associated with our various tax filing positions and recognize a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. For uncertain tax positions that do not meet this threshold, we have established accruals for taxes that may become payable in future years as a result of audits by tax authorities. Tax accruals are adjusted as events occur that affect the potential liability for taxes such as the expiration of statutes of limitations, conclusion of tax audits, identification of additional exposure based on current calculations, identification of new issues, or the issuance of statutory or administrative guidance or rendering of a court decision affecting a certain issue. Foreign currency — Foreign currency translation adjustments represent the unrealized impact of translating the financial statements of our Canadian stores from their respective functional currency (Canadian dollars) to U.S. dollars and are reported as a component of comprehensive income and recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are recognized in “Other store operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Recently adopted accounting guidance — On February 4, 2019, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This new guidance requires the recognition of lease liabilities, representing future minimum lease payments on a discounted basis, and corresponding ROU assets on the balance sheet for most leases. We adopted this standard using a modified retrospective approach, and we elected the transition method that allows us to initially apply the new standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The comparative period information has not been restated. Upon adoption of the new lease accounting standard, we applied the package of practical expedients, which eliminated the requirements to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. We also elected a short-term lease exception policy and an accounting policy to not separate non-lease components from lease components for our facility leases. The adoption of this guidance resulted in the recognition of ROU assets related to our operating leases of $877,714 and operating lease liabilities of $1,116,252. At the date of adoption, all lease-related balances consisting of $239,416 of deferred occupancy costs (including unfavorable lease liabilities) and $878 of favorable lease assets have been eliminated as an adjustment to ROU assets. We also recorded a cumulative effect reduction to the opening balance of retained earnings of $145, net of tax, from adoption of this guidance. There was no significant impact to our results of operations or cash flows. F-16 Recent accounting pronouncements — In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which requires measurement and recognition of expected versus incurred losses for financial assets held. The guidance primarily relates to our credit card and tenant incentive receivables and is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not expect the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill if the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount of the reporting unit. Instead, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The guidance is effective for goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company does not expect the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements when we perform future annual impairment tests. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which eliminates, modifies and adds disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not anticipate the updated guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. Note 2: Inventories Inventories consist of the following for the fiscal years ended: Operating store—food and beverage Operating store—amusement Corporate—amusement, supplies and other February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 $ 7,950 9,585 16,942 $34,477 $ 7,617 9,258 10,440 $27,315 Amusement inventory includes electronics, plush toys and small novelty and other items used as redemption prizes for certain midway games, as well as supplies needed for midway operations. Note 3: Property and Equipment Property and equipment consist of the following for the fiscal years ended: Land Buildings and building improvements Leasehold improvements Furniture, fixtures and equipment Games Construction in progress Total cost Accumulated depreciation February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 $ 9,021 23,484 793,698 412,716 286,195 62,347 $ 2,444 17,153 698,328 338,605 251,819 75,166 1,587,461 (686,824) 1,383,515 (578,178) Property and equipment, net $ 900,637 $ 805,337 F-17 Depreciation expense totaled $132,399 for fiscal 2019, $118,087 for fiscal 2018, and $102,178 for fiscal 2017. During fiscal 2019, we purchased land in Gloucester, New Jersey and Gainseville, Florida in the amounts of $3,766 and $2,811, respectively. During fiscal 2018, we purchased land in Wichita, Kansas in the amount of $2,444. Additionally, during fiscal 2018, we completed a sale-leaseback transaction under which we sold the land and buildings of one of our stores to an unrelated party, we recorded net proceeds from the sale of $11,571 and a loss of $13 on the transaction. The lease entered into as a result of the sale-leaseback transaction was classified as an operating lease. Note 4: Accrued Liabilities Accrued liabilities consist of the following as of the fiscal years ended: Deferred amusement revenue Current portion of operating lease liabilities, net (1) Current portion of deferred occupancy costs Compensation and benefits Deferred gift card revenue Property taxes Current portion of long-term insurance Dividend payable Utilities Customer deposits Sales and use taxes Current portion of derivatives Inventory liabilities Variable rent liabilities Other (Note 10) February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 $ 75,113 $ 64,143 45,611 — 23,421 11,253 7,226 6,500 4,891 4,442 4,324 4,000 3,518 2,179 1,331 13,643 — 15,737 24,280 9,450 7,278 5,900 — 4,032 3,731 5,226 — 2,876 2,245 12,266 Total accrued liabilities $207,452 $157,164 (1) The balance of leasehold incentive receivables of $6,339 at February 2, 2020, is reflected as a reduction of the current portion of operating lease liabilities. Note 5: Debt Long-term debt consists of the following as of the fiscal years ended: Credit Facility—term Credit Facility—revolver Total debt outstanding Less current installments—term Less debt issuance costs—term Long-term debt, net February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 $266,250 382,000 $281,250 113,000 648,250 (15,000) (561) 394,250 (15,000) (781) $632,689 $378,469 On August 17, 2017, we entered into a senior secured credit facility that provides a $300,000 term loan facility and a $500,000 revolving credit facility with a maturity date of August 17, 2022. The $500,000 revolving F-18 credit facility includes a $35,000 letter of credit sub-facility and a $15,000 swing loan sub-facility. The revolving credit facility is available to provide financing for general purposes. Principal payments on the term loan facility of $3,750 per quarter are required beginning December 31, 2017 through maturity, when the remaining balance is due. Our current credit facility is secured by the assets of D&B Inc and is unconditionally guaranteed by D&B Holdings and each of its direct and indirect domestic wholly-owned subsidiaries. As of February 2, 2020, we had letters of credit outstanding of $8,147 and $109,853 of borrowing available under our credit facility. At the time of the refinancing in fiscal 2017, the majority of proceeds from this senior secured credit facility was used to refinance in full the May 15, 2015 credit facility (of which $291,000 was outstanding) and to pay related interest and expenses. We incurred debt costs of $2,910, of which $397 was expensed as a loss on debt refinancing, and the remaining debt costs are being amortized over the life of the credit facility. The total loss on debt refinancing during fiscal 2017, including a portion of unamortized debt costs written off, was $718. The interest rates per annum applicable to loans, other than swing loans, under our existing credit facility are currently set based on a defined LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin. Swing loans bear interest at a base rate plus an applicable margin. The loans bear interest subject to a pricing grid based on a total leverage ratio, at LIBOR plus a spread ranging from 1.25% to 2.00% for the term loans and the revolving loans. The interest rate at February 2, 2020 was based on one-month LIBOR plus 1.50%. As of February 2, 2020, and February 3, 2019, the Company’s weighted average interest rate on outstanding borrowings was 3.98% and 3.84%, respectively, including the impact of the interest rate swap agreements during fiscal 2019. Our credit facility contains restrictive covenants that, among other things, place certain limitations on our ability to: incur additional indebtedness, make loans or advances to subsidiaries and other entities, pay dividends, acquire other businesses or sell assets. In addition, our credit facility requires us to maintain certain financial ratio covenants. As of February 2, 2020, the Company was in compliance with the restrictive and financial ratio covenants of our credit facility. Future debt obligations — Below is our future debt principal payment obligations as of February 2, 2020 by fiscal year: 2020 2021 2022 Total future payments $ 15,000 15,000 618,250 $648,250 Interest expense, net — The following tables set forth our recorded interest expense, net for the fiscal years ended: February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 Interest expense on credit facilities Amortization of issuance cost Interest income Capitalized interest Change in fair value of interest rate cap $21,246 792 (119) (982) — $13,408 792 (136) (1,009) 58 Total interest expense, net $20,937 $13,113 $8,697 739 (224) (786) 239 $8,665 Note 6: Income Taxes On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”). The Tax Act made significant changes to corporate taxation, including a reduction of the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, F-19 creating a territorial tax system, allowing for immediate expensing of certain qualified property, modifying or repealing many business deductions and credits, implementing a deemed repatriation transition tax, and providing other incentives. The following table sets forth our income tax provision for the fiscal years ended: February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 Current provision: Federal State and local Foreign Total current provision Deferred provision (benefit): Federal State and local Foreign Total deferred provision (benefit) Provision for income taxes $11,744 8,562 100 20,406 7,109 (365) (271) $13,456 10,730 1,006 25,192 5,029 (228) 673 6,473 $26,879 5,474 $30,666 $35,195 9,112 (22) 44,285 (5,697) (2,885) (263) (8,845) $35,440 The following table reconciles the federal statutory rate to the effective income tax rate for the fiscal years ended: Federal corporate statutory rate State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit Permanent differences Tax credits Share-based compensation Impacts related to the Tax Act Other Effective tax rate February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 21.0% 5.4% 1.5% (6.4)% (0.9)% — % 0.5% 21.1% 21.0% 5.3% 1.2% (5.0)% (3.4)% — % 1.6% 20.7% 33.7% 3.8% 1.4% (4.0)% (7.3)% (5.1)% 0.2% 22.7% F-20 Components of the deferred income tax asset (liability) consist of the following as of the fiscal years ended: Deferred tax assets: Deferred revenue Operating lease liability Accrued liabilities Workers compensation and general liability insurance Share-based compensation Hedging transactions Net operating loss carryovers Indirect benefit of unrecognized tax benefits Other Total Valuation allowance Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance Deferred tax liabilities: Trademark/tradename Property and equipment Operating lease right of use asset Other Total deferred tax liabilities Net deferred income tax liability Reported as: Deferred tax assets, net - noncurrent Deferred tax liabilities, net - noncurrent Net deferred income tax liability February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 $ 21,961 355,566 3,744 4,397 6,740 2,864 2,817 525 3,209 401,823 (2,620) 399,203 (21,583) (108,685) (279,812) (586) $ 18,503 16,678 5,510 4,103 5,991 — 3,177 574 2,431 56,967 (1,341) 55,626 (21,498) (40,171) — (1,855) (410,666) (63,524) $ (11,463) $ (7,898) 7,639 (19,102) 6,736 (14,634) $ (11,463) $ (7,898) As of February 2, 2020, we had $56,632 of state net operating loss carryforwards, which will begin to expire in 2020, foreign operating loss carryforwards of $618, which will begin to expire in 2029, and foreign tax credit carryovers of $779, which will begin to expire in 2028. The increase of $1,279 in the valuation allowance relates primarily to an establishment of an allowance for foreign tax credits and to an increase in the valuation allowance related to executive compensation payments made pursuant to contracts in effect after November 2, 2017 as a result of the Tax Act. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits follows, for the fiscal years ended: February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 Balance at beginning of year Additions for tax positions of prior years Reductions for tax positions of prior years Additions for tax positions of current year Settlements with taxing authorities Lapse of statute of limitations Balance at end of year $2,333 463 (44) 450 (390) (732) $2,080 $1,568 435 (30) 437 — (77) $2,333 $1,348 — (31) 290 — (39) $1,568 F-21 The February 2, 2020 balance of unrecognized tax benefits includes $1,945, that if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate. As of February 2, 2020, and February 3, 2019, we had accrued interest and penalties of $390 and $394, respectively. The Company recorded accrued interest related to the unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as a component of the provision for income taxes recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. In the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that our unrecognized tax benefits could change due to the resolution of certain tax matters, including payments on those tax matters or due to lapse of the statute of limitations. These resolutions and payments could reduce our unrecognized tax benefits by up to approximately $250. We file consolidated income tax returns with all our domestic subsidiaries, which are periodically audited by various federal, state and foreign jurisdictions. We are generally no longer subject to federal, state, or foreign income tax examinations for years prior to 2014. The Company recorded excess tax benefits of $1,201, $4,998 and $11,491 in fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017, respectively, to the provision for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Note 7: Leases The components of lease expense, including variable lease costs primarily consisting of common area maintenance charges and property taxes, are as follows for the fiscal year ended: Operating lease cost Variable lease cost Short-term lease cost (1) Total lease cost February 2, 2020 $124,065 30,009 435 $154,509 (1) We have elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all applicable classes of underlying assets. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, that do not include a purchase option that we are reasonably certain to exercise, are not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Operating lease cost, variable lease cost and short-term lease cost related primarily to our facilities is included in “Other store operating expenses” for our operating stores, “Pre-opening costs” for our stores not yet operating, or “General and administrative expenses” for our corporate office and warehouse, in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases were as follows for the fiscal year ended: Cash paid for operating lease liabilities ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities (1) Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (in years) Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases February 2, 2020 $123,748 $220,648 15.7 5.90% (1) Excludes the transition adjustment at adoption of Topic 842 as discussed in Note 1. Description of the Business and Significant Accounting Policies. F-22 Maturities of our operating lease liabilities were as follows as of February 2, 2020: 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Thereafter Total future operating lease liability Less: amount representing interest Present value of operating lease liabilities $ 125,624 133,289 126,375 122,836 120,537 1,394,995 $2,023,656 749,652 $1,274,004 Operating lease payments in the table above includes minimum lease payments for seven future sites for which the lease has commenced. Operating lease payments exclude approximately $323,000 of minimum lease payments for fourteen executed facility leases for which we have not yet taken possession. Rent expense under operating lease agreements under the previous lease guidance, which excludes certain amounts required under the new guidance, consisted of the following for the fiscal years ended: Base rentals Contingent rentals Total rent expense February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 $109,481 3,526 $113,007 $93,387 3,427 $96,814 As previously disclosed in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K and under the previous lease accounting guidance, maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows as of February 3, 2019: 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Total Note 8: Stockholders’ Equity Share repurchase program $ 122,501 117,908 111,642 104,195 100,779 1,229,803 $1,786,828 Our Board of Directors has approved a share repurchase program, under which the Company may repurchase shares on the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, and through trading plans. The share repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. On July 12, 2019 the Company increased its share repurchase authorization to $800,000. The share repurchase authorization expires at the end of fiscal 2020, and as of the end of fiscal 2019, there was approximately $172,820 of share repurchase authorization remaining. The Company considers several factors in determining when to execute share repurchases, including among other things, current cash needs, capacity for leverage, cost of borrowings, its results of operations and the market price of its common stock. The following table provides, on a settlement date basis, the number of shares repurchased, average price paid per share and total amount paid for share repurchases for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017: F-23 Total number of shares repurchased Average price paid per share Total cash paid for share repurchases Fiscal 2019 Fiscal 2018 Fiscal 2017 7,116,585 $ 41.78 $ 297,317 3,080,419 $ 48.41 $ 149,125 2,636,616 $ 57.62 $ 151,913 The Company treats shares withheld for tax purposes on behalf of our employees in connection with the vesting of performance restricted stock units as common stock repurchases because they reduce the number of shares that would have been issued upon vesting. These withheld shares of common stock are not considered common stock repurchases under our authorized common stock repurchase plan and are not included in the table above. During the fiscal year ended 2019 and fiscal year ended 2018, we withheld 11,536 and 16,251 shares of common stock to satisfy $595 and $673 of employees’ tax obligations, respectively. Cash Dividends During the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2019, our Board of Directors authorized and declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.16 per share of common stock. The fourth quarter dividend was paid subsequent to the end of fiscal 2019. During the first and second quarters of fiscal 2019 and the last two quarters of fiscal 2018, our Board of Directors authorized and declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per share of common stock. Share-based compensation The Company maintains an equity incentive plan under which it may grant awards denominated in the Company’s common stock or units of the Company’s common stock, as well as cash variable compensation awards. The Company’s long-term incentive compensation provides awards to executive and management personnel as well as directors. Prior to October 2014, we issued share-based awards under our 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, and all outstanding grants under this plan were fully vested as of the end of fiscal 2018. Share- based awards granted after October 2014 were issued pursuant to the terms of our 2014 Stock Incentive Plan. We may grant stock options, restricted stock or restricted stock units (“RSU’s”) to executive and management personnel as well as directors. The maximum number of shares of common stock issuable under the 2014 Stock Incentive Plan is 3,100,000 shares. Time-based options granted to employees generally become exercisable ratably over a three-year period from the grant date. Performance-based RSU’s awarded to employees fully vest after three years, subject to the achievement of performance conditions. Time-based RSU’s have various service periods not exceeding five years. Options granted under both plans terminate on the ten-year anniversary of the grants. Stock option awards generally provide continued vesting, in the event of termination, for employees that reach age 60 or greater and have at least ten years of service or for employees that reach age 65 (“retired employees”). Unvested stock options, restricted stock and RSU’s are generally forfeited by employees who terminate prior to vesting and prorated for retired employees. Each share granted subject to a stock option award or time-based RSU award reduces the number of shares available under our stock incentive plans by one share. Each share granted subject to a performance RSU award reduces the number of shares available under our stock incentive plans by a range of one share if the target performance is achieved, up to a maximum of two shares for performance above target and a minimum of no shares if performance is below a minimum threshold target. Compensation expense associated with share-based equity awards granted has been calculated as required by current accounting standards related to stock compensation. The valuation of our stock option awards has been determined using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model uses assumptions of expected volatility, the expected dividend yield of our stock, the expected term of the awards and the risk-free interest rate, as well as an estimated fair value of our common stock. Fair value valuation analyses were prepared by an independent third-party valuation firm, utilizing the market-determined share price. F-24 Since our stock had not been publicly traded prior to our IPO, the expected volatility was based on an average of the historical volatility of certain of our competitors’ stocks over the expected term of the share-based awards with the calculation placing more weight on company-specific volatilities each year thereafter. The dividend yield assumption was based on our history. The simplified method was used to estimate the expected term of share-based awards. This method was used because the Company does not have enough historical option activity to derive an expected life. The risk-free interest rate was based on the implied yield on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equivalent to the expected term. The significant assumptions used in determining the underlying fair value of the weighted-average options granted in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows: Volatility Risk free interest rate Expected dividend yield Expected term – in years Weighted average grant-date fair value Fiscal 2019 Fiscal 2018 Fiscal 2017 34.2% 2.34% 1.15% 6.0 $16.93 32.7% 2.73% 0.00% 6.0 $15.36 32.9% 2.00% 0.00% 6.0 $20.54 Compensation expense related to stock options with only service conditions (time-based) is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award or to the date on which retirement eligibility is achieved, if shorter. Compensation expense related to stock option plans was $3,010, $3,185, and $4,875 during the fiscal years ended February 2, 2020, February 3, 2019, and February 4, 2018, respectively. Compensation expense for RSU’s and restricted shares is based on the market price of the shares underlying the awards on the grant date. Compensation expense for RSU’s based on performance reflects the estimated probability that performance conditions at target or above will be met, and time-based RSU’s and restricted shares are expensed ratably over the service period. We recorded compensation expense related to our RSU’s and restricted shares awards of $3,847, $4,237, and $4,041 during the fiscal years ended February 2, 2020, February 3, 2019, and February 4, 2018, respectively. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and adjusted, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The forfeiture rate is based on historical experience. Transactions related to stock option awards during fiscal 2019 were as follows: Outstanding at February 3, 2019 Granted Exercised Forfeited Outstanding at February 2, 2020 Exercisable at February 2, 2020 2014 Stock Incentive Plan 2010 Stock Incentive Plan Number of Options 1,134,218 222,266 (13,887) (19,102) Weighted Average Exercise Price $34.22 52.04 36.87 49.43 Number of Options 359,984 — (93,084) — 1,323,495 36.97 266,900 922,734 $31.49 266,900 Weighted Average Exercise Price $6.48 — 5.79 — 6.72 $6.72 The total intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $3,968, $19,524, and $30,844, respectively. The unrecognized expense related to our stock option plan totaled approximately $2,300 as of February 2, 2020 and will be expensed over a weighted average of 1.9 years. For options outstanding at F-25 February 2, 2020, the weighted average remaining contractual life was 5.9 years and the aggregate intrinsic value was $23,600. For options exercisable at February 2, 2020, the weighted average remaining contractual life was 4.9 years and the aggregate intrinsic value was $23,300. Transactions related to time-based and performance-based RSU’s during fiscal 2019 were as follows: Outstanding at February 3, 2019 Granted Change in units based on performance Vested Forfeited Outstanding at February 2, 2020 Weighted Avg Grant Date Fair Value $47.79 51.44 39.10 40.08 49.53 $51.58 Shares 220,830 76,602 27,372 (102,405) (5,584) 216,815 Fair value of our time-based and performance-based RSU’s and restricted stock is based on our closing stock price on the date of grant. The total fair value of shares vested during fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $5,259, $4,812 and $426, respectively. The unrecognized expense related to our time-based and performance-based RSU’s was approximately $4,800 as of February 2, 2020 and will be expensed over a weighted average of 2.0 years. The Company satisfies stock option exercises and vesting of RSU’s with newly issued shares. Note 9: Employee Benefit Plans We sponsor a plan to provide retirement benefits under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “401(k) Plan”) for all employees who have completed a specified term of service. We provide for a guaranteed matching of 25% of employee contributions, up to a maximum of 6% of eligible employee compensation, as defined by the 401(k) Plan. We also have a discretionary contribution dependent upon attaining a specified performance target. Should we achieve the performance target, it would contribute an additional 25% of qualified employee contributions. Employees may elect to contribute up to 50% of their eligible compensation on a pretax basis. Benefits under the 401(k) Plan are limited to the assets of the 401(k) Plan. Expenses related to our contributions to the 401(k) Plan were $817, $692, $1,089 for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We offer a deferred compensation plan that permits a select group of management or highly compensated employees to defer a portion of their compensation. Under this plan, eligible employees may elect to defer up to 50% of their base salary on a pre-tax basis each plan year. Each pay period, we match 25% of the employee’s contributions up to the first 6% of salary deferred. At the end of each year, if our performance target is met, we contribute an additional amount, equal to the employer match contributed each pay period. Any contributions to a participant’s account vest in equal portions over a five-year period and become immediately vested upon termination of a participant’s employment on or after age 65 or by reason of the participant’s death or disability, and upon a change of control (as defined). We recognized $158, $135, and $246 of deferred compensation expense in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The deferred compensation plan assets are invested through a rabbi trust. Assets in the rabbi trust are invested in certain mutual funds that cover an investment spectrum ranging from equities to money market instruments and are available to satisfy the claims of our creditors in the event of bankruptcy or insolvency. These mutual funds have published market prices and are reported at fair value using quoted prices available on identical assets and liabilities in active markets, representing Level One assets as defined by GAAP. Deferred compensation plan assets of $8,896 and $7,409, at February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, respectively, are included in “Other assets and deferred charges” and the offsetting deferred compensation plan liabilities are included in “Other liabilities” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. F-26 Note 10: Commitments and Contingencies We are subject to certain legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business, including claims alleging violations of federal and state law regarding workplace and employment matters, discrimination, slip-and-fall and other guest-related incidents and similar matters. In the opinion of management, based upon consultation with legal counsel, the amount of ultimate liability, with respect to such legal proceedings and claims will not materially affect the consolidated results of our operations or our financial condition. Legal costs related to such claims are expensed as incurred. On June 30, 2017, we agreed to settle litigation related to alleged violations of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. The settlement agreement was preliminarily approved by the court on December 7, 2018, with final approval on July 19, 2019. To cover the net costs of settlement, including payment to any opt-in members and class attorneys, as well as related settlement administration costs, we recorded a net charge of $2,550 (representing $7,500 of gross settlement costs less $4,950 of insurance recoveries) during fiscal 2017. During the third quarter of fiscal 2019, all funds required to be paid under the final settlement and release agreement were remitted to a settlement fund as directed by the court. The Company is currently a defendant in several lawsuits filed in courts in California alleging violations of California Business and Professions Code, industry wage orders, wage-and-hour laws and rules and regulations pertaining primarily to the failure to pay proper regular and overtime wages, failure to pay for missed meals and rest periods, pay stub violations, failure to pay all wages due at the time of termination and other employment related claims (the “California Cases”). Some of the California Cases purport or may be determined to be class actions or Private Attorneys General Act representative actions and seek substantial damages and penalties. With respect to these California Cases, where the Company has determined that a loss is reasonably possible but not probable, the Company is unable to estimate the amount or range of the reasonably possible loss due to the inherent difficulties of predicting the outcome of uncertainties regarding legal proceedings. The Company’s assessments are based on estimates and assumptions that have been deemed reasonable by management, but that may prove to be incomplete or inaccurate, and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that might cause the Company to change those estimates and assumptions. Management’s assessment of these California Cases could change because of future determinations or the discovery of facts that are not presently known. Accordingly, the ultimate costs of resolving these cases may be substantially higher or lower than estimated. The Company is aggressively defending these cases. During fiscal 2017, three major hurricanes made landfall impacting areas where we operate our stores, which negatively impacted store revenues. During fiscal 2018, we recognized business interruption insurance recoveries of approximately $3,075 related to the events, which are included in “Other store operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. During fiscal 2018, we also recognized property insurance recoveries of approximately $541, related to the events, which resulted in a net gain on disposal of fixed assets of approximately $180, which is included in “Other store operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. We are subject to the terms of a settlement agreement with the Federal Trade Commission that requires us, on an ongoing basis, to establish, implement, and maintain a comprehensive information security program that is reasonably designed to protect the security, confidentiality, and integrity of personal information collected from or about consumers. The agreement does not require us to pay any fines or other monetary assessments and we do not believe that the terms of the agreement will have a material adverse effect on our business, operations, or financial performance. Note 11: Earnings per share Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period. Potential dilutive shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, unvested time- based RSU’s and performance RSU’s to the extent performance measures were attained as of the end of the reporting period, calculated using the treasury-stock method. Potential dilutive shares are excluded from the F-27 computation of EPS if their effect is anti-dilutive. Stock options for which the exercise price exceeds the average market price over the period are anti-dilutive and, accordingly, are excluded from the calculation. For fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, we excluded approximately 150,000 and 52,000 anti-dilutive options from the calculation of common equivalent shares. The following table sets forth the computation of EPS, basic and diluted for the fiscal years ended (in thousands, except share and per share data): Numerator: Net income Denominator: Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (basic) Weighted average dilutive impact of equity-based awards Weighted average number of common and common February 2, 2020 February 3, 2019 February 4, 2018 $ 100,263 $ 117,221 $ 120,949 33,450,217 39,047,106 41,276,314 649,161 928,016 1,306,695 equivalent shares outstanding (dilutive) 34,099,378 39,975,122 42,583,009 Net income per share: Basic Diluted $ $ 3.00 2.94 $ $ 3.00 2.93 $ $ 2.93 2.84 Note 12: Selected Quarterly Financial Information (unaudited) Total revenues Total cost of products Operating income Net income Net income per share of common stock: Basic Diluted Weighted average number of shares outstanding: Basic Diluted Stores open at end of period Total revenues Total cost of products Operating income Net income Net income per share of common stock: Basic Diluted Weighted average number of shares outstanding: Basic Diluted Stores open at end of period $ $ $ $ $ $ Fiscal 2019 Quarters Ended 5/5/2019 8/4/2019 11/3/2019 2/2/2020 $ $ 363,582 61,725 57,750 42,443 344,599 59,623 46,214 32,356 $ 299,352 52,180 6,499 482 347,158 59,783 37,616 24,982 1.15 1.13 $ $ 0.91 0.90 $ $ 0.02 0.02 $ $ 0.82 0.80 36,827,665 37,591,944 127 35,407,965 36,015,710 130 30,980,878 31,515,454 134 30,584,360 31,158,919 136 Fiscal 2018 Quarters Ended 5/6/2018 8/5/2018 11/4/2018 2/3/2019 $ $ 332,190 57,139 58,604 42,150 319,188 55,556 45,930 33,779 $ 282,139 48,734 15,472 11,856 331,784 58,834 40,994 29,436 1.06 1.04 $ $ 0.86 0.84 $ $ 0.30 0.30 $ $ 0.77 0.75 39,695,421 40,612,388 112 39,355,105 40,280,301 117 38,892,288 39,855,648 118 38,245,612 39,065,459 121 F-28 Our revenues and operations are influenced by seasonal shifts in consumer spending. Typically, we have higher revenues associated with the spring and year-end holidays, which will continue to be susceptible to the impact of severe or unseasonably mild weather during that period. Our third quarter, which encompasses the back-to-school fall season, has historically had lower revenues as compared to the other quarters. Note 13: Subsequent Events During March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the rapidly growing coronavirus outbreak to be a global pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted health and economic conditions throughout the United States. Federal, state and local governments took a variety of actions to contain the spread of COVID-19. Many jurisdictions where the Company’s stores are located required mandatory store closures or imposed capacity limitations and other restrictions affecting the Company’s operations. As of March 20, 2020, all of the Company’s 137 operating stores were closed, including it’s newest store that opened on March 16, 2020. As a result of these developments, the Company expects a material adverse impact on its results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. The situation is rapidly changing, and the Company cannot predict whether, when or the manner in which the conditions surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will change including the timing of lifting any restrictions or closure requirements, reopening and staffing of our stores and customer re-engagement with its brand. Effective March 18, 2020, the Company the Board of Directors of the Company adopted a 364-day duration Shareholder Rights Plan (the “Rights Plan”) and declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase right for each outstanding share of common stock to shareholder of record on March 30, 2020 to purchase from the Company one one-ten thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company for an exercise price of $45.00, once the rights become exercisable, subject to adjustment as provided in the related rights agreement. F-29 SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT Name Dave & Buster’s I, L.P. Dave & Buster’s, Inc. Dave & Buster’s Holdings, Inc. Dave & Buster’s Invesco LLC Dave & Buster’s Management Corporation, Inc. Dave & Buster’s ProCo LLC Dave & Buster’s of Alabama, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Alaska, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Arkansas, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of California, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Connecticut, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Colorado, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Florida, LP Dave & Buster’s of Georgia, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Hawaii, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Idaho, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Illinois, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Indiana, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Iowa, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Kansas, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Kentucky, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Louisiana, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Maryland, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Massachusetts, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Nebraska, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Nevada, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of New Hampshire, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of New Jersey, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of New Mexico, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of New York, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Oklahoma, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Oregon, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Pennsylvania, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Pittsburgh, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Puerto Rico, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of South Carolina, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of South Dakota, Inc Dave & Buster’s of Utah, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Virginia, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Washington, Inc. Dave & Buster’s of Wisconsin, Inc. D&B Delco, LLC D&B Leasing, Inc. D&B Marketing Company, LLC DANDB Texas, Inc. Tango Acquisition, Inc. Tango License Corporation Exhibit 21.1 State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation Or Organization Texas Missouri Delaware Texas Texas Texas Delaware Delaware Delaware California Delaware Colorado Florida Georgia Hawaii Delaware Illinois Indiana Delaware Kansas Delaware Delaware Maryland Massachusetts Nebraska Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware New York Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Delaware Delaware South Dakota Delaware Virginia Washington Wisconsin Delaware Texas Virginia Texas Delaware Delaware Name Tango of Arizona, Inc. Tango of Arundel, Inc. Tango of Farmingdale, Inc. Tango of Franklin, Inc. Tango of Houston, Inc. Tango of North Carolina, Inc. Tango of Tennessee, Inc. Tango of Westbury, Inc. 6131646 Canada, Inc. State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation Or Organization Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Canada Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Exhibit 23.1 The Board of Directors Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.: We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement (No. 333-199239) on Form S-8 of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. of our reports dated April 3, 2020, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. as of February 2, 2020 and February 3, 2019, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the fiscal years ended February 2, 2020, February 3, 2019, and February 4, 2018, and the related notes, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of February 2, 2020, which reports appear in the February 2, 2020 annual report on Form 10-K of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. Our report dated April 3, 2020 contains an explanatory paragraph that states that the Company has closed all of its stores as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic which has caused a material adverse effect on the Company’s revenues, results of operations, and cash flows, including the Company’s ability to meet its obligations when due. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties. Our report refers to a change in accounting principle for the adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). /s/ KPMG LLP Dallas, Texas April 3, 2020 Exhibit 31.1 CERTIFICATION I, Brian A. Jenkins, Chief Executive Officer of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc., certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: April 3, 2020 /s/ Brian A. Jenkins Brian A. Jenkins Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATION I, Scott J. Bowman, Chief Financial Officer of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc., certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: April 3, 2020 /s/ Scott J. Bowman Scott J. Bowman Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) Exhibit 32.1 CERTIFICATION In connection with the Annual Report of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended February 2, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Brian A. Jenkins, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that: (1) The Report fully complies with the applicable requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: April 3, 2020 /s/ Brian A. Jenkins Brian A. Jenkins Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Exhibit 32.2 CERTIFICATION In connection with the Annual Report of Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended February 2, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Scott J. Bowman, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that: (1) The Report fully complies with the applicable requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: April 3, 2020 /s/ Scott J. Bowman Scott J. Bowman Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Brian A. Jenkins Chief Executive Officer Kevin Bachus Senior Vice President of Entertainment and Games Strategy Scott Bowman Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Brandon Coleman, III Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer Robert W. Edmund General Counsel, Secretary and Senior Vice President of Human Resources JP Hurtado Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer Margo L. Manning Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Michael J. Metzinger Vice President-Accounting and Controller John B. Mulleady Senior Vice President of Real Estate and Development BOARD OF DIRECTORS Victor L. Crawford Chief Executive Officer Pharmaceutical Segment Cardinal Healthcare, Inc. Hamish A. Dodds Former President and Chief Executive Officer Hard Rock International Michael J. Griffith Former President and Chief Executive Officer EAT Club, Inc. Jonathan S. Halkyard Former President and Chief Executive Officer Extended Stay America, Inc. ESH Hospitality, Inc. Brian A. Jenkins Chief Executive Officer Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. Stephen M. King Chairman of the Board Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. Patricia H. Mueller Co-Founder Mueller Retail Consulting, LLC Kevin M. Sheehan Former President and Chief Executive Officer Scientific Games Corporation Jennifer Storms Chief Marketing Officer and Executive Vice President, Content Strategy NBC Sports Group, a division of NBCUniversal SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION Corporate Office Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. 2481 Manana Drive Dallas, TX 75220 (214) 357-9588 NASDAQ Symbol: PLAY Annual Meeting Thursday, June 18, 2020 at 8:30 a.m. Location: www.meetingcenter.io/226537069 Password: PLAY2020 Independent Public Accountants KPMG LLP 2323 Ross Avenue, Suite 1400 Dallas, TX 75201 Stock Transfer Agent and Registrar Computershare P.O. Box 505000 Louisville, KY 40233-5000 or Meidinger Tower 462 S. 4th Street Louisville, KY 40202 Customer Service (877) 373-6374 TDD for Hearing Impaired (800) 231-5469 Foreign Shareholders (785) 575-2879 You can access your Dave & Buster’s Shareholder Account online via Investor Centre at www.computershare.com 10-K Availability The company will furnish to any shareholder, without charge, a copy of the company’s annual report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 10-K for the 2018 fiscal year from our website at: www.daveandbusters.com or upon written request from the shareholder. Please send your written request to: Secretary/Investor Relations Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. 2481 Manana Drive Dallas, TX 75220 004CTN2BAE 

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