Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Gold / Eldorado Gold Corp

Eldorado Gold Corp

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FY2012 Annual Report · Eldorado Gold Corp
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 advancing into a new phase of

growth

> a nnual RepoRt 2012

2
2012 HigHligHts 

10
a leading groWtH profile

18
sustainability report

4
letter to sHareHolders

6
WHere We operate 

8
a track record of groWtH

12
identifying platforms  
for groWtH

14
production HigHligHts 

16
mineral reserves & resources

33
management’s discussion  
& analysis

62
consolidated financial  
statements & notes

Jinfeng open pit, China

eldoRado g old  > 2012 annual report      1

sustainability report

management’s discussion  

& analysis

18

33

62

consolidated financial  

statements & notes

eldorado gold is a canadian-based gold producer  
with mines, development projects and exploration  
programs in china, turkey, greece, Brazil and Romania.  
eldorado is on track to expand gold production by  
125 percent over the next four years, making it the  
world’s fastest-growing intermediate gold producer. 

eldoRado g old  > 2012 annual report      1

2012 Highlights

finanCial
($ millions except as noted)  

Revenues (from all metals) 
Gross profit from gold mining operations 
Profit attributable to shareholders  
  of the Company 
Cash flow from operations  

(before changes in working capital) 

Capital spending 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total assets 
Total long-term financial liabilities 

operational

2012  

2011  

2010 

1,147.5 
595.0 
305.3 

1,103.7 
610.8 
318.7 

793.7
400.7
221.0 

447.7 

502.1 

357.9 

426.2 
816.8 
7,928.1 
662.9 

272.8 
393.8 
3,960.4 
63.2 

226.3
314.3
3,685.4
113.4

2012  

2011  

2010 

efemÇukuRu pRocessing plant, tuRkey

Gold produced (oz)* 
Gold sold (oz) 
Average realized gold price ($/oz) 
Total cash costs ($/oz) 
Cash operating costs ($/oz) 
Gold reserves (Moz) 

Iron ore produced (t) 
Iron ore sold (t) 
Average realized iron ore price ($/t) 
Cash costs ($/t) 

Lead/zinc concentrate produced (t) 
Lead/zinc concentrate sold (t) 
Average realized concentrate price ($/t) 
Cash costs ($/t) 

*Includes pre-commercial production

656,324 
625,394 
1,674 
554 
483 
25.8 

613,780 
603,668 
76 
60 

50,680 
52,934 
905 
729 

658,652 
658,919 
1,581 
472 
405 
19.0 

537,958 
473,387 
120 
64 

– 
– 
– 
– 

632,539
639,949
1,223
423
382
18.7

182,808
89,074
94
46

–
–
–
–

shareholders
($ except as noted) 

2012  

2011  

2010 

Earnings per share attributable  

to shareholders of the Company (Basic) 

Cash flow from operations per share  

(before changes in working capital)  

0.44 

0.43 

0.58 

0.93 

0.41 

0.55 

Dividends paid per share 
Weighted average shares  
  outstanding (Basic) 

0.15 
689,007 

0.11 
549,791 

0.05
542,861 

2     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      3

efemÇukuRu pRocessing plant, tuRkey

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
>

strong earnings and Cash flow growth

> strong revenue growth

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$ 1,400,000

$ 1,200,000

$ 1,000,000

$ 800,000

$ 600,000

$ 400,000

$ 200,000

$ 0

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

  eps 

  cfps

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> strong reserve and resourCe growth 

> produCtion and Cash Cost profile

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600,000

500,000

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2009

2010

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2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

  proven and probable 
  2p/1,000 sHares 

  measured & indicated

  m&i/1,000 sHares

  gold production 

  realized price

  operating casH cost

net Cash position

>

expanding Margins per ounCe

$ 1,000,000

$ 800,000

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$ 400,000

$ 200,000

$ 0

-$ 200,000

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-$ 800,000

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  casH & casH equivalents 
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  restricted casH

  margin

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      3

>

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letter to
sustainability
shareholders
report 2012

stackeRs at kiŞladaĞ, tuRkey

undeRgRound at efemÇukuRu, tuRkey

gold pouR at white mountain, china

4     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

advanCing into a new phase  
of growth
Looking back on our performance and 
the accomplishments of 2012, it is clear 
that Eldorado is well positioned for a 
new phase of growth. This past year was 
one of many achievements, including an 
important acquisition that broadened our 
portfolio, ongoing investment to develop 
our assets and debt financings that 
strengthened our balance sheet.

In February 2012 we completed  
the acquisition of European Goldfields 
(EGU), which significantly increased our 
gold reserves and enhanced our project 
pipeline in Greece and Romania. The 
high-quality and long-life nature of the 
Olympias, Skouries and Certej assets have 
enhanced our portfolio. It is a testament 
to the strength of our technical and 
management team that we quickly and 
successfully integrated these assets. 

While we are developing three of the four 
assets acquired from EGU, I am extremely 
pleased with the significant upside we 
have already realized at the Certej project 
in Romania. In addition to receiving 
approval of the Environmental Permit in 
July, we announced a 1.57 million ounce 
increase in the project’s measured and 
indicated gold resources in October.  
I believe Certej has the potential to be  
a superior asset for Eldorado.

The EGU acquisition, combined with our 
fourth expansion of Kışladağ in Turkey, 
positions Eldorado as one of the fastest-
growing intermediate gold producers 
globally. We are on track to grow 
production 125 percent to 1.5 million 
ounces over the next four years, while 
decreasing our cash operating  
costs by approximately 50 percent  
to US$300-$350 net of by-products. 
Our assets will generate significant 

*Based on a $1,700 gold price assumption, cash costs 
of $300 (net of by-products) and gold production of 
~1.5 million ounces.

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      5

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      5

cash flow, with average annual earnings 
before income tax, depreciation and 
amortization (EBITDA) anticipated 
to grow to US$1.9 billion in 2016.*

We ended the year by further 
strengthening our balance sheet. In the 
final months of 2012, we completed 
a $600 million senior note offering 
and increased our credit facility 
to $375 million. The note offering 
and enhanced credit facility give us 
added flexibility as we develop our 
assets and ramp up production.

Consistent operating 
perforManCe
Record production at our flagship 
Kışladağ mine in Turkey enabled us to 
reach our mid-year production target, but 
temporary setbacks at Efemçukuru and 
Jinfeng resulted in lower than anticipated 
total gold production and higher cash 
costs. Driven by Kışladağ’s successful 
year, total gold production for 2012 was 
656,324 ounces at a cash operating cost 
of US$483 per ounce . Total cash costs 
were US$554 per ounce.

In Turkey, we are continuing to make 
excellent progress on the fourth 
expansion of Kışladağ that will double 
current throughput from 12.5 million 
tonnes to 25 million tonnes per year.  
This expansion is expected to be 
complete in late 2014. 

We also had continued success in our 
exploration activities in 2012. We 
converted inferred resource peripheral 
to the core deposit at Skouries into 
measured and indicated resources  
and added to the inferred resources  
at Efemçukuru and Tanjianshan.  
At Piavitsa, near our Skouries and 
Olympias development projects,  
we were pleased to announce a new 
inferred resource.

solid finanCial results
Our operating performance in 2012 
resulted in solid financial results, with 
gold revenues increasing by 0.5 percent 
to $1,047.1 million. Lower sales volumes 
were offset by higher gold prices, with an 
average realized gold price of $1,674 per 
ounce for the year. Profit attributable to 
shareholders of the Company was  
$305.3 million or $0.44 per share. 

I am pleased to report that we  
maintained our commitment to paying a 
semi-annual dividend. In 2012, we paid 
dividends of $0.15/share, an increase 
of 36 percent over 2011 that reflects a 
stronger gold price and consistent annual 
gold production.

our share priCe  
perforManCe in 2012
Although we had a year of many 
significant achievements, these 
accomplishments were not immediately 
reflected in our share performance in 
2012. We did, however, outperform the 
S&P/TSX Global Gold Index, in 2012  
and have consistently done so for the  
past five years. 

Our focus remains on the longer term  
and ensuring that we are making the 
capital investments in our assets to 
achieve long-term sustainable growth 
with high margins. This will continue  
to allow the company to increase free 
cash flow and earnings per share.

a CoMMitMent to safety  
and shared values
Wherever we operate, we work closely 
with local communities to create 
employment opportunities, improve 
access to education and healthcare, 
protect the environment and develop 
infrastructure. Our goal of operating 
responsibly and maximizing the potential 
of our assets, balance sheet and people 
enables us to create long-term growth 
and deliver shared value for all of our 
stakeholders – today, tomorrow and  
in the future.

This is the second year we have produced 
a Sustainability Report to document our 
progress on environmental, safety, health 
and community initiatives. Some of the 
highlights of our 2012 performance in 
these areas include:

•    Improvements in our safety 

performance, with a lost-time incident 
frequency rate reduced by 17 percent 
compared to 2011

•  Achieving a year with no major 

environmental incidents
•  Becoming a signatory to the  

Cyanide Code

•  Spending more than US$7 million  

on community development projects, 
including investments in infrastructure, 
education and health.

looking forward
As we move into 2013 we are in a superb 
position to build on the progress we made 
in 2012. We are focused on delivering on 
our targets and continuing to operate 
safely and responsibly.

I would like to thank our most important 
asset, our people, for their continued 
hard work and dedication. It is their skills, 
ideas and passion that are at the heart 
of Eldorado’s success. We look forward 
to sharing this success with all our 
stakeholders in 2013.

Sincerely,

paul n. wRight
chief executive officer
march 15, 2013 

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      5
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      5

Where We operate 
sustainability
report 2012

eldorado is focused 

on building a solid and 

successful gold mining 

company. our vision is 

to create a long-term, 

profitable business with 

healthy margins using 

a disciplined approach 

to growth. We combine 

our technical expertise 

with prudent financial 

management to grow our 

resources and reserves, 

develop our assets, 

increase production 

levels and identify new 

opportunities. through 

exploration, discovery, 

development and 

production, we create 

and deliver value for 

all our stakeholders.

13

12

10

11

2

1

Brazil

6     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      7

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      7

7

roMania

5

6

3

8

9

turkey

greeCe

4

13

12

10

China

11

Operating Mines

Development Projects

pRoduction

constRuction

development

 2  vila nova iron ore, brazil

  1  toCantinzinho, brazil

 5  stratoni, greece

 3  olyMpias, greece

 8  efeMÇukuru, turkey

 4  skouries, greece

 9  kiŞladaĞ, turkey

 6  peraMa hill, greece

 10  tanJianshan, cHina

 7  CerteJ, romania

 11  Jinfeng, cHina

 13  eastern dragon, cHina

 12  white Mountain, cHina

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      7
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      7

2

1

 
a track record  
of growth

>

over the past five years  

we have doubled our 

production, materially 

increased our resources 

and reserves and 

maintained cash operating 

costs in the lowest quartile 

of the global cost curve.

The following three elements underpin 
our success:

1   asset Quality

   Our robust portfolio of assets consists 
of high-quality, long-life mines and 
development projects. These elements 
are critical in maintaining low cash 
operating costs while sustaining a 
strong production profile. The quality 
of our assets is such that they remain 
profitable even at lower metal prices. 

 Our asset base is also well balanced 
across the mining life cycle, with our 
mine expansions and development 
projects driving organic growth. Our 
mine expansions at Kışladağ and 
Olympias, and development projects  

at Skouries and Perama Hill, will 
account for 75 percent of production 
growth by 2016. Our project pipeline 
is considered one of the best in the 
industry, with five of our development 
projects ranking in the top half of gold 
projects scheduled to begin production 
between 2012 and 2020.*

 With the addition of the assets  
we acquired in February 2012,  
we have expanded the geographic 
diversification of our portfolio.  
We now have seven operating 
mines and six development projects 
across five countries on three 
continents, reducing concentration 
risk to any one region.

> gold produCtion  

> gold produCtion By Country  

(2012) 

)
0
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0

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(
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800

700

600

500

400

300

200

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0

2008 2009

2010

2011

2012

  guidance  vs 

  actual

  turkey 

  cHina

> Cash Costs

> gold produCtion By Country  

(2016e)

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600

500

400

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2009

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2011

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  guidance  vs 

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  romania

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8     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      9

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      9

  
 
 
 
2   teChniCal expertise

   Discovering, developing and 

operating mines is what we do. 
Eldorado discovered, built, expanded 
and operates the largest gold mine 
in Turkey, Kışladağ, and is the largest 
foreign gold producer in China. Since 
2005, we have built four mines in 
three countries. With skilled in-
country teams and close partnerships 
with local contractors, we have  
up-to-date knowledge of costs and 
build times.

 Our technical expertise also allows 
us to maximize the value of our 
current assets and identify new 
opportunities where our skills and 
experience can add value.  

8 km tunnel access at stRatoni, gReece

We have consistently realized 
value from Kışladağ through three 
expansions that have increased 
throughput from 5 million tonnes per 
year to 12.5 million tonnes per year. 
Now in its fourth phase of expansion, 
with completion scheduled for 
late 2014, Kışladağ is set to double 
throughput again to 25 million 
tonnes per year.

 Our technical expertise has  
also uncovered significant value  
from the Certej asset in Romania 
acquired through the EGU 
transaction. In October 2012, we 
announced an increase of 1.57 
million ounces of gold in measured 
and indicated resources at the  
Certej project. Year-on-year, we  
have increased our resources at  
a compound average growth rate  
of approximately 28 percent.**

3   Capital disCipline

   Our prudent financial management 

continues to result in a strong 
balance sheet. We use a rigorous 
planning, budgeting and forecasting 
process to determine the funds we 
will need to support our ongoing 
operations and future development 
plans. The successful completion of 
a $600 million senior note offering 
in December 2012 and an increased 
revolving credit facility of $375 
million provide us with additional 
flexibility as we continue to develop 
our mines, projects and exploration 
programs. Our focus on being a low 
cost operator of high-quality assets 
continues to return healthy margins 
that further strengthen our balance 
sheet and enable us to maintain  
a semi-annual dividend.

*Source BMO Capital Research, May 7, 2012
** Over a five year period.

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      9
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      9

 
 
a leading  
growth profile

>

by 2016 we aim to:

•  produce over 1.5 million 

ounces of gold

•  Have cash operating 

costs of $300-$350/oz, 
net of by-products

•  maintain the strength  
of our balance sheet

•  continue to distribute  
an attractive dividend  
to shareholders

Over the next four years, we’re forecasting significant production growth and 
decreasing cash operating costs. Currently, we operate in the lowest quartile of the 
industry cash operating cost curve (2012: $483/ounce), and by 2016, we estimate 
our cash operating costs (net of by-products) will decline to $300-$350/ounce.

estiMated gold produCtion 2012 – 2016

1,650,000

1,500,000

1,350,000

1,200,000

1,050,000

900,000

750,000

600,000

450,000

300,000

150,000

0

)
z
o

(

i

n
o
t
c
u
d
o
R
p
d
l
o
g

$ 1,800

$ 1,600

$ 1,400

$ 1,200

$ 1,000

$ 800

$ 600

$ 400

$ 200

$ 0

z
o
/
$
s
u

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

perama Hill 

certej

olympias

skouries

efemÇukuru

kiŞladaĞ

WHite mountain

casH operating cost (by-product)

eastern dragon 

tanjiansHan 

jinfeng 

10     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      11

 
 
10     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

efemçukuRu pRocessing plant, tuRkey

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      11

identifying platforms 
for growth

Eldorado has always taken a targeted 
and disciplined approach to new 
opportunities. We have never completed 
acquisitions for the sake of growth alone.
Instead, we have sought out specific 
opportunities that enhance our project 
pipeline and help us achieve our goal of 
becoming a 1.5 million to 2 million ounce 
gold producer while retaining a cost 
structure in the lowest quartile in our 
industry. We look for prospects that add 
value to our portfolio over both the short 
and long term, and we seek out high-
quality assets in areas where we have 
prior operating experience.

>

the european goldfields 
assets were an excellent 
strategic fit for eldorado. 
the transaction provides 
shareholders with 
unparalleled value and  
gives them exposure to:

•  underexplored, highly prospective 

areas with transformational organic 
growth potential

•  exceptional quality, long-life assets 

in jurisdictions with excellent 
infrastructure as well as experienced 
and growing local teams

•  increased gold reserves of 10 million 

ounces

•  a leading growth profile with 

production reaching 1.5 million ounces 
in 2016

Key Value Drivers in 
Eldorado's Portfolio

olyMpias and skouries
The Olympias polymetallic gold, silver, 
lead and zinc mine and the Skouries 
gold-copper porphyry deposit together 
account for approximately 30 percent of 
Eldorado’s total proven and probable gold 
reserves. They rank second (Olympias) 
and third (Skouries), behind Kışladağ in 
terms of the size of the gold reserves 
they bring to Eldorado’s portfolio. They 
also account for 30 percent of Eldorado’s 
production growth by 2016. Both are  
long-life assets with current mine lives  
of 21 and 27 years, respectively. 

The exploration and development 
potential of the Chalkidiki district, in which 
the Olympias, Skouries and Stratoni assets 

are located, is significant. Geologically, the 
area is a metallogenic belt with multiple 
deposit styles within a 10 kilometre radius. 
Eldorado has a strategic land position 
in Chalkidiki, with untested targets that 
provide excellent upside potential. 

From a development perspective, 
the Olympias, Skouries and Stratoni 
projects are also located within a 10 
kilometre radius of each other in an 
area with excellent infrastructure that 
includes roads, power and port access. 
We have strong government support, 
environmental permits for both Olympias 
and Skouries, and experienced and 
growing teams on the ground. 

olyMpias, greeCe
Overview
Location 
Deposit 
Ownership 
Type 

Expected Life of Mine 
Estimated Development Capital 
Production (from tailings) 

Chalkidiki Peninsula, Northern Greece
Replacement mixed sulfide
95% Eldorado/5% Aktor Investment Holdings Limited
Underground (UG) mine (previously mined  
using UG drift and fill)
21 years
US$165 million (to Phase II UG production)
Q4 2012

Production and Cash Costs 
Gold Production (from tailings) 

Cash Operating Cost 

2013E
35,000–40,000 oz

US$780–$800/oz

skouries, greeCe
Overview
Location 
Deposit 
Ownership 
Type 
Expected Life of Mine 
Strip Ratio (open pit) 
Estimated Development Capital 
Production Expected 

Chalkidiki Peninsula, Northern Greece
Gold-copper porphyry
95% Eldorado/5% Aktor Investment Holdings Limited
Open pit and underground
27 years
0.7:1
US$340 million (to plant production from open pit)
2015

12     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      13

 
Chalkidiki Mining distriCt

AEGEAN SEA

OLYMPIAS

8 KM
UNDERGROUND
TUNNEL

PIAVITSA

STRATONI 
MINE

GREECE

SKOURIES

FISOCA

TSIKARA

STRATONI 
PORT FACILITY

GREECE

ATHENS

OPERATING 
MINE

CONSTRUCTION 
PROJECT

EXPLORATION 
TARGET

PERMIT 
BOUNDARY 

0

5

10

KILOMETERS

CerteJ, roMania
Overview
Location 

GREECE

ATHENS

Deposit 
Ownership 

Type 
Production Expected 

CerteJ proJeCt

Golden Quadrilateral area of the Apuseni  
Mountains, Western Romania
Epithermal gold-silver deposit
80% Eldorado/19.25% Minvest SA/ 
0.75% Three minority shareholders
Open pit (previously mined via shallow open pit)
2015

MOLDOVA

UKRAINE

olympias pRocessing plant, gReece

CerteJ
We have already realized increased  
value from the Certej project in  
Western Romania since acquiring it  
in February 2012. Exploration drilling 
results targeting the western margin  
of the deposit and the deeper levels of 
the central deposit between the west  
and main pit areas increased measured 
and indicated gold resources by 1.5 
million ounces. With these promising 
initial results, we believe the Certej 
project may have the potential to become 
a 4.5 million to 5 million ounce deposit. 
The epithermal systems around Certej 
also provide the possibility of additional 
upside in this prospective region.

HUNGARY

CLUJ-NAPOCA

TIMISOARA

ROMANIA

DEVA

CERTEJ

SERBIA

BUCHAREST

BULGARIA

GOLDEN 
QUADRILATERAL

FERTILE BELTS

Au by ENDOWMENT 

> 10 Moz

5-10 Moz

1-5 Moz

< 1 Moz

12     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      13

 
 
 
production  
Highlights

Q4 and Full YE ar 2012 GOld PrOduC tiOn HiGHliGHts (IN US$)

Gold Production 
Ounces Sold 
Ounces Produced1 
Realized Price ($/oz - sold)  
Cash Operating Cost ($/oz)2,4,5 
Total Cash Cost ($/oz)3,4,5 

Kışladağ Mine, Turkey 
Ounces Sold 
Ounces Produced 
Tonnes to Pad 
Grade (grams/tonne) 
Cash Operating Cost ($/oz)4,5 
Total Cash Cost ($/oz)3,4,5 

Efemçukuru Mine, Turkey 
Ounces Sold 
Ounces Produced1 
Tonnes Milled 
Grade (grams/tonne) 
Cash Operating Cost ($/oz)4,5 
Total Cash Cost ($/oz)3,4,5 

Tanjianshan Mine, China 
Ounces Sold 
Ounces Produced 
Tonnes Milled 
Grade (grams/tonne) 
Cash Operating Cost ($/oz)4,5 
Total Cash Cost ($/oz)3,4,5 

Jinfeng Mine, China 
Ounces Sold 
Ounces Produced 
Tonnes Milled 
Grade (grams/tonne) 
Cash Operating Cost ($/oz)4,5 
Total Cash Cost ($/oz)3,4,5 

White Mountain Mine, China 
Ounces Sold 
Ounces Produced 
Tonnes Milled 
Grade (grams/tonne) 
Cash Operating Cost ($/oz)4,5 
Total Cash Cost ($/oz)3,4,5 

Olympias, Greece 
Ounces Sold 
Ounces Produced1 
Tonnes Milled 
Grade (grams/tonne) 
Cash Operating Cost ($/oz)4,5 
Total Cash Cost ($/oz)3,4,5 

First 
Quarter 
2012 

150,661 
155,535 
1,707 
452 
529 

65,164 
65,707 
3,140,492 
1.13 
339 
374 

- 
4,293 
70,646 
8.74 
- 
- 

28,816 
28,816 
262,793 
4.00 
408 
605 

35,197 
35,235 
368,756 
3.17 
643 
715 

21,484 
21,484 
158,114 
4.46 
543 
588 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

second 
Quarter 
2012 

132,919 
140,694 
1,612 
480 
550 

61,991 
61,575 
3,259,574 
1.30 
333 
357 

- 
8,222 
95,131 
9.60 
- 
- 

27,172 
27,172 
245,457 
3.73 
432 
621 

25,661 
25,630 
337,560 
2.68 
786 
858 

18,095 
18,095 
188,038 
3.60 
622 
666 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

third 
Quarter 
2012 

154,841 
169,565 
1,670 
493 
567 

Fourth 
Quarter 
2012 

186,973 
190,530 
1,696 
502 
566 

Fourth 
Quarter 
2011 

168,712 
168,451 
1,686 
418 
486 

Full 
Year 
2012 

625,394 
656,324 
1,674 
483 
554 

Full
Year
2011

658,919
658,652
1,581
405
472

83,750 
84,016 
3,245,700 
1.05 
334 
363 

78,151 
77,996 
2,960,809 
1.32 
324 
353 

80,572 
80,339 
3,374,541 
0.97 
353 
379 

289,056 
289,294 
12,606,575 
1.20 
332 
361 

284,917
284,648
12,430,447
0.95
374
398

- 
14,442 
93,779 
9.28 
- 
- 

28,944 
28,944 
283,654 
3.55 
396 
593 

25,805 
25,821 
356,575 
2.43 
946 
1,044 

16,342 
16,342 
210,114 
3.14 
766 
813 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

37,046 
39,913 
92,600 
9.27 
583 
613 

25,679 
25,679 
264,943 
3.42 
427 
632 

21,149 
21,168 
359,903 
2.30 
986 
1,088 

24,948 
24,948 
198,407 
4.34 
607 
652 

- 
826 
28,331 
5.07 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

27,564 
27,567 
284,138 
3.56 
415 
616 

38,672 
38,641 
383,226 
3.63 
525 
596 

21,904 
21,904 
184,956 
4.29 
472 
519 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

37,046 
66,870 
352,156 
9.26 
583 
613 

110,611 
110,611 
1,056,847 
3.67 
415 
612 

107,812 
107,854 
1,422,794 
2.65 
817 
901 

80,869 
80,869 
754,673 
3.85 
625 
671 

- 
826 
28,331 
5.07 
- 
- 

-
-
-
-
-
-

114,969
114,972
1,005,236
3.96
377
567

177,758
177,757
1,544,965
4.06
442
507

81,275
81,275
708,882
4.37
474
517

-
-
-
-
-
-

1  Ounces produced include pre-commercial production in Efemçukuru and Olympias.
2 Cost figures calculated in accordance with the Gold Institute Standard.
3 Cash Operating Costs, plus royalties and the cost of off-site administration.

4  Cash operating costs and total cash costs are non-GAAP measures.  See the section  

“Non-GAAP Measures” of the MD&A.

5  Cash operating costs and total cash costs have been recalculated for prior quarters based  

on ounces sold.

14     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      15

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
kiŞladaĞ open pit, tuRkey

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      15
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      15

mineral reserves

(as at December 31, 2012) 

pRoven 

pRoBaBle 

total pRoven and pRoBaBle

gold  

tonnes 
(x1,000)  

g/t  

in-situ oz 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

in-situ oz 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

in-situ oz
 (x1,000)

g/t 

Certej (Mineral Reserve Note 3)   
Eastern Dragon   
Efemҫukuru   
Jinfeng  
Kışladağ   
Olympias   
Perama   
Skouries   
Tanjianshan   
Tocantinzinho    
White Mountain    

837  
1,182  
7,775  
102,695  
11,294  
2,477  
65,536  
3,505  
17,735  
3,270  

Total  

silver   

216,306 

Certej (Mineral Reserve Note 3)   
Eastern Dragon    
Olympias   
Perama   
Stratoni   

297 
411 
993 
2,913 
2,749 
354 
1,850 
331 
792 
326 

2,253 
4,019 
8,859 
344,915 
4,686 
7,220 
82,386 
1,156 
31,315 
2,140 

g/t 

6.46 
6.87 
3.62 
0.64 
8.70 
2.68 
0.66 
2.96 
1.17 
3.37 

467 
886 
1,032 
7,148 
1,311 
621 
1,751 
109 
1,183 
232 

3,090 
5,201 
16,634 
447,610 
15,980 
9,697 
147,922 
4,661 
49,050 
5,410 

11,016  

488,949 

0.94  

14,740  

705,255 

2,178 
37,763 
254 
4915 

2,253 
4,686 
7,220 
112 

67 
140 
4 
107 

4,848 
21,092 
897 
385 

3,090 
15,980 
9,697 
896 

45,110  

14,271 

59  

27,222  

29,663 

in-situ t 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

343 

343  

82,386 

82,386 

382 
58 

440  

507 
89 

596  

4,686 
112 

4,798 

4,686 
112 

4,798 

6,940 

6,940 

% 

0.51 

0.51  

4.7 
3.9 

4.7  

6.2 
12.9 

6.4  

58.5 

58.5  

in-situ t 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

406 

406  

147,922 

147,922 

220 
4 

224  

291 
14 

305  

13,572 
896 

14,468 

13,572 
896 

14,468 

9,750 

9,750 

11.07  
10.81  
3.97  
0.88  
7.57  
4.44  
0.88  
2.94  
1.39  
3.10  

1.58 

81  
104  
3  
195  

91 

%  

0.64  

0.64 

4.3  
7.4  

4.6 

5.7  
11.3  

6.2 

59.4  

59.4 

764
1,297
2,025
10,061 
4,060
975
3,601 
440
1,975
558

25,756

7,026
58,855
1,151
5,300

72,332

in-situ t
 (x1,000)

749

749

602
62

664

798
103

901

7.71 
7.77 
3.79 
0.70 
7.90 
3.13 
0.76 
2.95 
1.25 
3.21 

1.14 

71 
115 
4 
184 

76 

% 

0.57 

0.57 

4.4 
6.9 

4.6 

5.9 
11.5 

6.2 

58.8 

58.8 

837  
11,294  
2,477  
784  

15,392 

tonnes 
(x1,000)  

65,536  

65,536 

8,886  
784  

9,670 

8,886  
784  

9,670 

2,810  

2,810 

Total  

Copper  

Skouries   

Total  

lead   

Olympias   
Stratoni   

Total  

zinC   

Olympias   
Stratoni   

Total  

iron   

Vila Nova   

Total  

Notes on Mineral Resources and Reserves:  
1. Mineral reserves and mineral resources are as of 
December 31, 2012.
2. Mineral reserves are included in the mineral resources.
3. The mineral reserves and mineral resources are disclosed 
on a total project basis (at 100%).
4. The Olympias mineral reserves and mineral resources 
include 2.408 million tonnes of economically recoverable 
old tailings that grade 3.4 g/t Au and 14 g/t Ag. These are 

added into the gold and silver Proven reserve and Measured 
resource categories, respectively.
Mineral Reserve Notes: 
1. Gold price used was $1250/oz except for Eastern Dragon, 
Tocantinzinho, Skouries underground, and Olympias projects 
which used $1000. Silver price was $16.50/oz; Copper price 
was $3.00/lb; Pb and Zn prices were $1,500/t for Olympias, 
$1,700/t for Stratoni.
2. Cut-off grades (gold g/t): Kışladağ: 0.20 g/t oxide, 0.31 g/t 
sulphide; Efemçukuru: 3.5 g/t; Perama: 0.8 g/t; Tanjianshan: 

1.6 g/t JLG sulphide, 1.3 g/t JLG oxide/transition, 1.5 g/t 
323 Pit; Jinfeng: 0.7 g/t open pit, 2.3g/t underground; 
White Mountain: 1.5 g/t; Eastern Dragon: 1.0 g/t open 
pit, 1.7g/t underground; Tocantinzinho: 0.49 g/t sulphide, 
0.43 g/t oxide; Skouries: $7.00 NSR open pit, $25.26 NSR 
underground. Cut-off grade for Stratoni is based on a 16.5% 
Zn Equivalent grade (=Zn%+Pb%*1.08+Ag%*167). Cut-off 
for Olympias is geology based due to the sharpness of the 
mineralized contacts and the high grade nature  
of the mineralization. 

16     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      17

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
mineral resources

(as at December 31, 2012) 

measuRed 

indicated 

total measuRed & indicated 

infeRRed

gold  

Certej  
Eastern Dragon  
Efemҫukuru  
Jinfeng  
Kışladağ  
Olympias  
Perama  
Piavitsa  
Skouries  
Tanjianshan  
Tocantinzinho  
White Mountain  

  tonnes 
  (x1,000)  

in-situ oz 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

g/t  

   14,500  
800  
   1,271  
   11,353  
  105,533  
   10,545  
   3,064  
0  
   99,135  
   4,383  
   19,777  
   4,029  

1.84  
12.48  
11.85  
3.94  
0.87  
8.49  
4.30  
0.00  
0.80  
2.77  
1.29  
3.47  

860 
322 
485 
1,437 
2,938 
2,878 
424 
0 
2,552 
389 
820 
450 

92,200 
2,700 
4,614 
13,704 
458,222 
4,298 
9,375 
0 
184,493 
3,694 
50,457 
3,337 

g/t 

1.19 
6.04 
7.85 
3.40 
0.59 
10.00 
3.18 
0.00 
0.49 
2.49 
0.97 
3.23 

in-situ oz 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

3,520 
530 
1,165 
1,499 
8,618 
1,382 
958 
0 
2,853 
295 
1,574 
346 

106,700 
3,500 
5,885 
25,057 
563,755 
14,843 
12,439 
0 
283,628 
8,077 
70,234 
7,366 

in-situ oz 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

4,380 
852 
1,650 
2,936 
11,556 
4,260 
1,382 
0 
5,405 
684 
2,394 
796 

24,400 
2,200 
5,242 
10,422 
379,725 
1,666 
8,766 
10,854 
168,063 
3,541 
6,950 
4,193 

g/t 

1.27 
7.50 
8.71 
3.64 
0.64 
8.93 
3.46 
0.00 
0.60 
2.64 
1.06 
3.36 

Total  

 274,390 

1.54 

13,555   827,094 

0.86  

22,740  

1,101,484 

1.02 

36,295 

626,022 

silver  

Certej  
Eastern Dragon  
Olympias  
Perama  
Piavitsa  
Stratoni  

   14,500  
800  
   10,545  
   3,064  
0  
   1,141  

7  
91  
117  
3  
0  
181  

3,170 
2,400 
39,666 
335 
0 
6,640 

92,200 
2,700 
4,298 
9,375 
0 
0 

9 
67 
161 
9 
0 
0 

27,500 
5,900 
22,248 
2,833 
0 
0 

106,700 
3,500 
14,843 
12,439 
0 
1,141 

9 
73 
130 
8 
0 
181 

30,670 
8,300 
61,914 
3,168 
0 
6,640 

24,400 
2,200 
1,666 
8,766 
10,854 
705 

Total 

  30,050 

54 

52,211   108,573 

17  

58,481  

138,623 

25 

110,692 

48,591 

  tonnes 
  (x1,000)  

in-situ t 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

%  

   99,135  

0.49  

484 

184,493 

  99,135 

0.49 

484   184,493 

   8,137  
   1,141  

9,278 

4.9  
6.8  

5.1 

399 
78 

4,298 
0 

477  

4,298 

   8,137  
   1,141  

9,278 

6.6  
11.3  

7.2 

537 
129 

4,298 
0 

666  

4,298 

% 

0.41 

0.41  

5.4 
0.0 

5.4  

7.1 
0.0 

7.1  

in-situ t 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

in-situ t 
 (x1,000) 

tonnes 
(x1,000) 

% 

750 

750  

232 
0 

232  

305 
0 

305  

283,628 

0.43 

1,234 

168,063 

283,628 

0.43 

1,234 

168,063 

12,435 
1,141 

13,576 

5.1 
6.8 

5.2 

12,435 
1,141 

6.8 
11.3 

13,576 

7.2 

631 
78 

709 

842 
129 

971 

1,666 
705 

2,371 

1,666 
705 

2,371 

Copper  

Skouries  

Total 

lead  

Olympias  
Stratoni  

Total  

zinC  

Olympias  
Stratoni  

Total  

iron  

in-situ oz
 (x1,000)

800
190
835
1,029
4,908
477
554
1,727
1,673
439
147
704

13,483

4,870
1,500
8,302
1,860
13,610
2,017

32,159

in-situ t
 (x1,000)

575

575

85
30

115

120
88

208

g/t 

1.01 
2.67 
4.96 
3.07 
0.40 
8.90 
1.96 
4.95 
0.31 
3.85 
0.66 
5.22 

0.67 

6 
20 
155 
7 
39 
89 

21 

% 

0.34 

0.34 

5.1 
4.3 

4.9 

7.2 
12.5 

8.8 

Vila Nova  

   3,095  

59.4  

Total  

  3,095 

59.4 

11,480 

58.5 

11,480 

58.5  

14,575 

58.7 

14,575 

58.7 

10,323 

10,323 

59.8 

59.8 

3. Due to a significantly changed resource model the pre-
existing reserves for Certej project (46,960,000 tonnes at 
1.60 g/t Au and 11.5 g/t Ag) are now deemed as historical. 
New reserves for Certej will be estimated later in 2013.
4. Qualified Persons: Richard Miller, P.Eng., Manager, Mining 
for the Company is responsible for the Kışladağ, Tanjianshan, 
Tocantinzinho, Vila Nova Iron, Jinfeng open pit, Perama and 
Skouries open pit reserves; Norm Pitcher, P.Geo., President 

for the Company, is responsible for the Jinfeng underground, 
White Mountain, Eastern Dragon, Efemçukuru, Olympias, 
Skouries underground and Stratoni reserves.
Mineral Resource Notes:  
1. Cut-off grades (gold g/t): Kışladağ: 0.25 g/t; Efemçukuru: 
2.5 g/t; Perama: 0.5 g/t; Jinfeng: 0.7 g/t open pit, 2.0 g/t 
underground; Tanjianshan: 1.0 g/t; White Mountain: 1.0 g/t; 
Eastern Dragon: 1.0 g/t; Tocantinzinho: 0.3 g/t ; Certej: 0.7 

g/t; Skouries: 0.20 g/t Au Equivalent grade open pit, 0.60 
Au Equivalent grade underground (=Au g/t + 1.6*Cu %). 
Resource cut-offs for Olympias and Stratoni are geology 
based due to the sharpness of the mineralized contacts and 
the high grade nature of the mineralization.
2. Qualified Persons: Stephen Juras, Ph.D., P.Geo. and 
Director, Technical Services for the Company is responsible 
for all of the Company’s mineral resources.

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      17

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
sustainability
report 2012
sustainaBility  
RepoRt 2012

efemçukuRu vineyaRd pRoject, tuRkey

taBle of Contents

goals for 2013 

2012 performance 

employees 

Health & safety 

environment 

community 

glossary 

 1 9

20

2 1

22

24

28

30

>

Welcome to eldorado’s 

second annual 

sustainability report. 

We are pleased to 

present our health, 

safety, environmental 

and community 

performance for 2012.

reporting guidelines 
This report includes data on the 
economic, environmental and social 
performance (known as performance 
indicators) of our five wholly or majority-
owned gold mines and our one wholly 
owned iron ore mine. We discuss the 
Greek assets we acquired in 2012 from 
European Goldfields (EGU), and that are 
operated by our subsidiary Hellas Gold, 
as a single group unless noted otherwise. 
Data for all the assets acquired from EGU 
are from the acquisition date, February 
24, 2012, through year-end 2012. All other 
data is for the full 2012 calendar year.  

This report complies with the requirements 
of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) 
G3.1 Guidelines (www.globalreporting.
org/resourcelibrary/G3.1-Sustainability-
Reporting-Guidelines.pdf ). We have 
assessed this report internally and are 
confident that it meets the requirements 
for the GRI Application Level C.

Many of the GRI performance indicators 
do not yet apply to our exploration, 
development and construction projects. 
However, they are incorporated in the 
discussion and statistics when appropriate. 
Performance data from our Vancouver 
head office or other regional offices is not 
included unless indicated otherwise.

Materiality
The performance indicators included 
in this report pertain to issues that we 
believe are material to our stakeholders 
and operations. We identify material 
issues based on their relevance to our 
Corporate Responsibility values and 
their potential effects on employees, 
surrounding communities, investors and 
other interested parties. 

18     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      19

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      19

Our Stakeholders

Eldorado has an inclusive definition 
of stakeholders that encompasses 
employees, contractors, suppliers, 
investors, local community members near 
our operations, all levels of government 
in the countries in which we operate 
and non-governmental organizations 
(NGOs). We aim to openly and regularly 
communicate with all of these groups. 
Company employees, contractors and 
investors also have multiple modes of 
communication available to them to 
voice concerns relating to corruption, 
environmental impacts and safety.

In 2012, Eldorado’s sites held hundreds  
of formal and informal meetings 
with local community members 
and government officials. The most 
commonly raised topics by local 
community members were questions 
about employment opportunities and 
suggestions for community development 
projects. Other topics included 
environmental and tourism concerns.

stRatoni poRt facilities, gReece

kiŞladaĞ plant nuRseRy, tuRkey

>

goals foR 2013
•   Zero fatalities
•   To reduce our lost-time incident frequency  

rate by at least 10 percent over the next year
•   To improve health, safety and environmental  

incident prevention through increased 
communication between all sites by  
standardizing the software used to  
collect data

•   To improve and standardize tracking  

for non-lost-time incidents (medical aid,  
first aid and near misses)

•  No significant environmental incidents
•   To become certified compliant in the  
International Cyanide Management  
Code at our Kışladağ operation, and prepare  
for pre-audits for certification at Jinfeng,  
Tanjianshan and White Mountain
•   To become ISO 14001 certified for  

environmental management at Efemçukuru  
and all of our Hellas Gold sites
•   To become OHSAS 18001 certified  

for safety management at Efemçukuru  
and Kışladağ

•   To improve transparency by continuing  
to publish annual sustainability reports

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      19
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      19

sustainability  
sustainability
report 2012 
report 2012

childRen at gold mountain elementaRy school 
neaR jinfeng, china

childRen at gold mountain elementaRy school neaR jinfeng, china

2012 Performance

2012 Goals  

Zero fatalities 

Zero LTIs 

To continue to improve the safety culture in  
all countries where we have operations 

To improve health, safety and environmental  
incident prevention through increased communication 
between all sites by standardizing the software  
used to collect data

To improve and standardize tracking for  
non-lost-time incidents (medical aid, first aid  
and near misses) 

status 

  Achieved

  Not achieved 

  In progress 

Comment

We had no work-related fatalities at any of our  
operations in 2012.

Eldorado’s operations achieved a cumulative lost-time 
incident frequency rate of 1.75, compared to 2.11 in 2011.

We decreased our overall lost-time incident  
frequency rate by 17% over the last year. For more 
information about our safety initiatives, please see the  
Health & Safety section.

  In progress

In 2012 we started to roll out INX software at our  
operations to standardize health and safety data collection.

  Partially achieved

All of Eldorado’s European and Chinese operations track non-
lost-time safety incidents.

No significant environmental incidents 

  Achieved

To become an International Cyanide Management 
Code signatory at all of our cyanide-using operations 

  Achieved 

None of Eldorado’s operations had any major environmental 
incidents in 2012.

We became a signatory to the Cyanide Code on July 30, 2012. 
We are now in the process of certifying our operations  
as compliant.

To become ISO 14001 certified for environmental 
management at Kışladağ 

  Achieved

Kışladağ was certified in the ISO 14001:2004 Environmental 
Management System on October 23, 2012.

To improve transparency by continuing to publish 
annual sustainability reports as per the GRI guidelines

  Achieved

This is Eldorado’s second annual sustainability report.

20     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      21

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      21

 
 
Employees

Eldorado has over 7,000 employees and 
contractors in six countries. We believe in 
hiring locally wherever possible, paying 
competitive wages and helping employees 
build lifelong skills. We are committed to 
the creation of a safe work environment 
that allows our employees to maximize 
their potential within their chosen careers. 
Our male and female employees at all 
projects and operations are paid equal 
wages for the same jobs.

We strive to maintain an open and 
transparent environment at all of our 
operations and projects. In 2012, we had 
zero employee strikes or lockouts, and no 
incidents of discrimination were reported. 
Eldorado has a whistleblower policy open 
to all employees, officers and directors.

nuMBer of eMployees and ContraCtors
By site at 2012 year-end 
Site 

Employees 

Contractors 

Total

Ankara Office 
Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Beijing Office  
China Exploration  
Jinfeng  
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Eastern Dragon 
Belo Horizonte Office 
Vila Nova 
Tocantinzinho 
Athens Office 
Skouries 
Olympias 
Greek Exploration 
Stratoni  
Perama Hill 
Certej 
Vancouver Office 

Total 

94 
659 
390 
38 
66 
879 
437 
576 
46 
13 
47 
15 
21 
116 
197 
17 
384 
48 
106 
43 

0 
94
332 
991
264 
654
0 
38
0 
66
572 
1,451
727
290 
513  1,089
48
25
304
171
21
171
301
102
542
77
109
43

2 
12 
257 
156 
0 
55 
104 
85 
158 
29 
3 
0 

4,192 

2,832  7,024

annual eMployee turnover

Site 

Rate of Employees 
Entering Employment (%) 

Rate of Employees Leaving 
Employment (%)

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova* 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni, Olympias, Skouries) 
Perama Hill 
Certej 

Weighted Average 

12.1 
11.3 
17.3 
16.9 
21.9 
42.6 
72.1 
31.3 
25.5 

27.2 

4.6
4.0
7.2
11.4
4.2
34.0
15.6
0.0
8.5

8.3

*Employee turnover is higher at Vila Nova due to the high number of short-term contracts in a region that 
culturally has a low rate of long-term, full-time positions.

employees at kiŞladaĞ, tuRkey

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      21
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      21

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
sustainability
sustainability
report 2012
report 2012

average hours of annual 
training per eMployee
site  

Hours

perCentage of eMployees 
Covered By ColleCtive 
Bargaining agreeMents 
Site  

Kışladağ* 
Efemçukuru* 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan** 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Perama Hill 
Certej 

Weighted Average 

%

71.9
61.7
100.0
7.3
100.0
100.0
100.0

100.0
100.0

80.4

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Perama Hill 
Certej 

Weighted Average 

*Less than 100% of Kışladağ and Efemçukuru 
employees are covered by collective bargaining 
agreements as professional, managerial and 
administrative staff are not included in these 
agreements.
** Union membership at Tanjianshan is voluntary; 
most employees have Individual Bargaining 
Agreements.

perCentage of eMployees 
reCeiving regular 
perforManCe reviews 
Site  

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru* 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Perama Hill 
Certej 

Weighted Average 

78.0
18.6
36.9
38.0
56.9
18.8
7.5 

20.8
96.4

40.9

%

80.4
9.6
100.0
100.0
88.7
82.0
17.7 

2.1
100.0

68.9

*As Efemçukuru, Perama Hill and Hellas Gold sites 
start up, they are reviewed on a site-wide basis 
rather than per employee.

ratio of average entry-level 
wage to loCal MiniMuM wage
site  

ratio

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Perama Hill 

1.25
1.35
2.54
2.31
1.41
1.24
1.51 

1.88

enviRonmental testing  
at kiŞladaĞ, tuRkey

huMan rights
At Eldorado, we hold ourselves to the 
highest human rights standards. We 
have policies at all of our operations 
to prevent the use of forced or child 
labour in our projects and operations. 
In the communities where we work, 
we make direct and indirect economic 
contributions to and invest in community 
development programs. These programs 
focus on health, education and enhancing 
the employment skills of our personnel, 
and decrease the need for forced or  
child labour. 

Health and Safety

Safety is our first priority. We recognize 
the effects that an injury or illness have 
on an employee’s family and community, 
as well as on our operations. We continue 
to set ambitious health and safety 
standards at our operations as we work 
toward our ultimate goal of zero harm.  
We had no work-related fatalities at  
any of our sites in 2012.

safety key perforManCe 
indiCators (employees  
and contRactoRs)
Lost-time incidents (LTIs) are any 
work-related incidents that require an 
employee or contractor to take time off 
work; the lost-time incident frequency 
rate (LTIFR) is the number of incidents per 
million man-hours worked. Occupational 
diseases result from workplace exposure 
to a chemical, physical or biological 
agent, such as lead poisoning or 
heatstroke. The lost-day rate is the 
average number of work days lost  
per million man-hours worked.

22     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      23

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      23

safety key perforManCe indiCators (employees and contRactoRs)
Fatalities 

2011 
ltiFr 

2012  Occupational 
diseases 
ltiFr 

Lost-Day 
rate

site 

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Eastern Dragon 
Vila Nova 
Stratoni 
Olympias 
Skouries 
Perama Hill 
Certej 

1.85 
3.70 
1.49 
1.76 
2.09 
0.00 
7.00 
– 
– 
– 
0.00 
– 

1.97 
2.45 
0.81 
0.00 
1.81 
0.00 
3.70 
2.76 
7.41 
7.16 
0.00 
0.00 

0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

14.9 
75.3 
48.6 
0.00 
34.9 
0.00 
50.5 
145.0 
42.0 
196.9 
0.00 
0.00 

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

training
All of our operations have a strong focus 
on safety training. We include contractors 
in our safety training sessions, 
recognizing that they play a significant 
role in the safety of our operations. We 
also conduct regular emergency drills. 
Each site has an emergency response 
team, emergency equipment and defined 
emergency protocols and procedures for 
various emergency scenarios. Adjacent 
communities, nearby hospitals, police 
and fire departments are included in 
procedures and advised of potential 
situations that may necessitate their 
involvement. Our mine emergency 
response teams are available to 
nearby communities and are often first 
responders to external emergencies.

Emergency training includes mine rescue 
drills, fire drills, CPR and first aid training, 
and training in hazardous material suits 
and other safety equipment.

Vila Nova mine uses mosquito spray and 
netting to prevent malaria. We also train 
our staff at all operations to recognize the 
symptoms of relevant endemic diseases 
to enable earlier diagnosis and treatment.

ohsas 18001
OHSAS 18001 is a best quality standard 
for occupational health and safety 
management systems that we are using 
or implementing at our sites.

Following a successful audit in October 
2012, Hellas Gold’s occupational health 
and safety management system was 
recertified to OHSAS 18001:2007 in 
November 2012. This certification is for 
Stratoni, Olympias, Skouries and Hellas 
Gold exploration. The management 
systems cover exploration, preparatory 
works, mining, beneficiation and trade of 
mixed sulphide ores and products. The 
certificate is valid until January 2014. 

Eldorado has health programs at each 
site to provide immunizations, checkups 
and basic medical treatments or services 
for all employees, contractors and 
community members. Stringent safety 
procedures contribute to a reduced 
likelihood of occupational disease. We 
also have programs in place to prevent 
endemic diseases. For example, our  

Efemçukuru and Kışladağ are also 
working toward OHSAS 18001 
certification and both expect to be 
audited in 2013.

For more information about  OHSAS 
18001, please visit:  
www.ohsas-18001-occupational-health-
and-safety.com.

emeRgency tRaining at kiŞladaĞ, tuRkey

total health, safety  
and environMental training 
Site 

Man-Hours

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni, 
  Olympias, Skouries) 

21,478
9,603
12,268
1,649
27,964
8,688
4,208

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      23
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      23

 
sustainability
sustainability
report 2012
report 2012

stRatoni pRocessing plant and poRt facilities, gReece

Environment

We aim to minimize the potential 
environmental impacts of our operations. 
Over the past two decades, Eldorado 
has proven its ability to safely develop, 
operate and decommission complex 
mining projects internationally 
while minimizing the environmental 
impact of our activities. We have 
built four mines in three countries 
over a seven-year period with no 
significant environmental incidents.

In line with regulations and our own 
operating standards, Eldorado maintains 
strict monitoring and management of 
water (surface, ground, potable and 
sea), air (dust and air emissions), soils, 
noise, mining wastes and biodiversity 
throughout the life of our mining 
operations. Our operations are also 
regularly audited by independent 
government, academic and community 
groups to ensure each site is operating 
within environmental limits.

perMitting
Eldorado adheres to strict safety  
and environmental regulations in each  
of the regions where it operates.  
These include conducting a full 
Environmental Impact Assessment/ 
Environmental Impact Statement  
(EIA/EIS) before receiving a permit  
to operate. The EIA/EIS includes a 
detailed closure and full rehabilitation 
plan. We also complete studies on 
environmental parameters such as 
biodiversity, water (surface, ground, 
potable and sea), air (dust and air 
emissions), soils, noise and mining 
wastes. These parameters are used 
throughout operation and closure to 
ensure mitigation programs are effective.

water
Water is a valuable resource and we are 
dedicated to conserving and managing 
it effectively. At our operations with 
less access to water, we have programs 
in place to recycle as much water as 
possible. At our Jinfeng, White Mountain, 
Efemçukuru and Hellas Gold operations, 
we have more water than is needed for 
processing and we must drain this water 
from the mining areas. When excess 
water is discharged, it is treated at our 
water treatment plants and tested for 
quality control before being released.

The water we use at our sites comes  
from a variety of sources. Surface water  
is drawn from rivers, lakes and areas 
where water naturally collects above 
ground. Groundwater is drawn from 
wells or from below ground and includes 
the water we drain from mining areas. 
Municipal water comes from municipal 

water use at eaCh operation (thousands of cuBic metRes)

Site 

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Vila Nova 

 Groundwater 

Surface 
Water 

Municipal 
Water 

757.7 
230.0 
0.0 
0.0 
1,072.5 
4,911.1 

0.0 
0.0 
1,815.4 
736.5 
0.0 
0.0 

17.0 

21.2 

0.0 
3.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
24.0 

0.0 

Recycled 

18,535.3 
396.7 
2,203.6 
0.0 
251.5 
26.4 

Total  
Reused  Withdrawn

0.0 
400.0 
0.0 
687.5 
1,796.7 
2,417.6 

757.7
233.0
1,815.4 
736.5
1,072.5
4,935.0 

0.0 

1,296.0 

38.2

24     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      25

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
water supply systems. Reused water is 
recirculated water from our operations, 
processes or offices without treatment. 
Recycled water is also recirculated, but is 
treated prior to recirculation. Discharged 
water is treated and then discharged  
into natural sources.

water effiCienCy (cuBic metRes 
peR ounce of gold pRoduced)
site 

m3/oz

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru (includes  
  pre-commercial production) 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 

2.62
3.33 

16.83
6.66
3.11

disCharged water at eaCh 
operation (thousands  
of cuBic metRes)
site 

total discharged

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Vila Nova 

43.8
126.7
432.2
0.0
820.9
4,509.3 

0.0

energy
Most of Eldorado’s direct energy 
comes from fossil fuel and electricity. 
We recognize that emissions from 
energy use can have environmental 
impacts. Energy is also one of the key 
cost factors at our operations. We 
strive to reduce the energy used at 
each site by identifying, evaluating 
and implementing energy-efficient 
processes. For example, at Kışladağ 
we are in the process of switching over 
to an electric vehicle fleet to reduce 
emissions and save on energy costs.

In 2012, we began reporting our energy 
emissions to the Carbon Disclosure 
Project. By tracking this information 
on an annual basis, we are in a better 
position to assess where we can most 
effectively decrease our energy use.

Our on-site equipment uses gasoline, 
diesel, liquefied propane gas and coal as 
fuel. These fuels for on-site stationary 
and mobile combustion make up our 
Scope 1 energy use. Purchased electricity, 
which is reported as Scope 2 energy use, 
is used for powering plants and buildings.

sCope 1 energy use at eaCh 
operation (gigajoules)
site 

GJ

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Vila Nova 

592,951
45,082
85,559
178,354
201,010
54,650 

88,647

sCope 2 energy use at eaCh 
operation (gigajoules)
site 

GJ

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Vila Nova 

280,595
133,562
537,196
310,675
214,262
99,072 

0

energy effiCienCy (gigajoules 
peR ounce of gold pRoduced; 
scopes 1 and 2)
Site 

GJ/oz

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru (includes  
pre-commercial production) 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 

3.02
1.84  

5.77
4.42
5.14

tanjianshan wateR tReatment plant, china 

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      25
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      25

sustainability
sustainability
report 2012
report 2012

Materials used at eaCh operation (tonnes)
Cyanide 

Site 

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 

Materials used in gold 
produCtion

Cyanide
Cyanide is used safely in many industries 
around the world. In gold mining, 
cyanide is used to dissolve gold in 
order to separate it from the ore.

Protective measures are taken at 
each of our sites to ensure worker and 
environmental safety. These include:
•  providing employees with extensive 
training in safe handling procedures, 

•  ensuring that appropriate personal 
protective equipment is worn in all 
areas in which cyanide is in use, and 
•  covering ponds containing cyanide 
with plastic balls to deter birds. 

The Cyanide Code, developed by the 
International Cyanide Management 
Institute (ICMI), outlines best practices 
for handling cyanide from production 
to disposal. In 2012, Eldorado applied 
for Code certification for all of its mines 
where cyanide is used in producing gold 
doré. We are now in the process of having 
our operations certified as compliant.  

lime
In gold mining, lime is added to the 
cyanide solution to keep it at a safe pH 
level. Contact with lime can cause skin and 
eye irritation. The policies and procedures 
in place at each operation for dealing with 
cyanide, such as training, safe handling 
procedures and the use of appropriate 
personal protective equipment, also 
protect employees from lime.

26     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

Lime 

Carbon  Hydrochloric 
Acid 

Sulphuric 

Sodium  
Acid   Hydroxide

5,536 
0 
1,004 
637 
924 

65,200 
6 
14,858 
3,681 
962 

88 
0 
25 
28 
24 

434 
0 
135 
120 
73 

0 
415 
3,927 
0 
0 

1,406
0
132
32
1,801

Carbon
Activated carbon does not pose health 
risks to workers. It is used to extract the 
gold and cyanide compound from slurry, 
after which the gold is stripped from the 
carbon and the carbon is reused.

recovery on the ore-containing sulphide 
material. Sodium hydroxide is an irritant 
and employees working with this 
chemical are trained in safe handling 
procedures and required to use personal 
protective equipment.

hydrochloric acid
Diluted hydrochloric acid is used to 
remove impurities from activated carbon 
before recirculation. Hydrochloric acid 
is an irritant. Employees who work with 
the acid are trained in safe handling 
procedures and required to use personal 
protective equipment.

sulphuric acid
Sulphuric acid is used at Jinfeng in 
the BIOX process and at Efemçukuru 
to modify the pH of the float circuit. 
Tanjianshan converts gas from the 
roaster into sulphuric acid and sells 
it, a process that eliminates toxic air 
emissions resulting from the roasting. 
Measures such as training, safe handling 
procedures and the use of appropriate 
personal protective equipment are in 
place to protect employees.

sodium hydroxide
We use sodium hydroxide to modify the 
pH to an appropriate level for stripping 
gold from carbon and electro-winning. 
Kışladağ uses sodium hydroxide to 
increase the pH of the solution being 
processed through the ADR (Adsorption 
Desorption Regeneration) plant to 
decrease the adsorption of copper onto 
the carbon. White Mountain also uses 
sodium hydroxide to pre-condition the 
ore prior to leaching, which improves 

waste
Mining waste at our operations is mostly 
waste rock, overburden and tailings. 
Some overburden and rock can pose a 
potential toxicity risk to the environment. 
When a risk is identified, we carefully 
plan how and where the rock is placed. 
We store our tailings on designated lined 
pads if necessary and take steps during 
rehabilitation to ensure any residual 
toxins will not cause any environmental 
effects. When tailings do not pose a 
toxicity risk, as is the case at Efemçukuru, 
Jinfeng, Olympias and Stratoni, they will 
be partially recycled for mine backfill.

environMental ManageMent
Potential environmental incidents and 
their impacts are identified and assessed 
as part of the baseline studies completed 
in the EIA/EIS process. Risk mitigation of 
the identified scenarios is then factored 
into the mine design, using appropriate 
technologies and equipment to best 
minimize potential incidents.

All of Eldorado’s operations have 
a comprehensive environmental 
emergency management plan. Each 
site has a response team trained in 
scenario response methods, including 
communication guidelines to involve 
relevant external groups.

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      27

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      27

 
 
 
 
waste at eaCh operation (tonnes)
Site 

Overburden  Waste Rock 

Tailings/Sludges

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni, Olympias, Skouries) 
Vila Nova 

16,942 
0 
613,205 
0 
0 
0 
0 

20,937,550 
90,852 
13,369,468 
1,517,604 
1,168,706 
141,973 
3,291,711 

0
279,163
1,382,450
1,061,425
1,796,838
208,373
86,644

iso 14001
ISO 14001 is an international standard 
for best practice in environmental 
management systems. Kışladağ was 
certified on October 23, 2012.

Efemçukuru will apply for ISO 14001 
certification in 2013, as will our Greek 
operations under our subsidiary,  
Hellas Gold. The goal is to include all 
activities (exploration, construction, 
mining, beneficiation and waste 
management) at all Hellas Gold sites.

For more information about ISO 14001, 
please visit: 
www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/
management-standards/iso14000.htm

Cyanide Code
In July 2012, all of Eldorado’s cyanide-
using gold operations became 
signatory to the International Cyanide 

Management Code. The Code is a set 
of standards for cyanide production, 
transportation, storage, use and 
disposal. We plan to have our sites work 
toward undergoing pre-audits and to 
have Kışladağ certified compliant by 
the end of the year. By becoming Code 
signatories, we aim to ensure that all of 
our operations are using the world's best 
practices for cyanide use. 

For more information about the Cyanide 
Code, please visit: www.cyanidecode.org.  
For more information about the use of 
cyanide in mining, please visit: www.
gold.org/about_gold/sustainability/
environmental

Mine Closure and reClaMation
At Eldorado, we are committed to 
restoring those areas that are no 
longer needed for mining use. All of 
our operations have closure plans.

additional land disturBed or rehaBilitated  
at eaCh operation in 2012 (hectaRes)
Site 

Land Disturbed in 2012 

Land Rehabilitated in 2012

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni, Skouries, Olympias) 

90.5 
0.0 
27.8 
0.0 
0.1 
3.5 
21.0 

6.6
0.0
6.0
0.0 
3.3
0.3
0.3

RehaBilitation of the  
olympias valley, gReece

>

olympias tailings 
RehaBilitation 
As part of our environmental 

commitment, we are conducting 

one of the largest environmental 

rehabilitation projects currently 

ongoing in Greece. We are 

cleaning up more than 2.4 

million tonnes of tailings from 

previous mining activities 

in the Olympias Valley. Over 

the next three years, we will 

gradually rehabilitate 26.5 

hectares of land. In cooperation 

with the Forestry and Natural 

Environment Department 

of Aristotle University in 

Thessaloniki, we are conducting 

in-situ pilot planting tests. The 

area will eventually be replanted 

with native species grown in 

our nursery, and returned to 

the community in a natural 

greenfield state.

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      27
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      27

sustainability
sustainability
report 2012
report 2012

Community

Eldorado works closely with the 
communities neighbouring our areas 
of operation. We believe in building 
positive, mutually beneficial relationships 
with local communities throughout the 
life cycle of our operations.

Eldorado begins stakeholder engagement 
during the exploration stage, guided 
by the UN principles of Free, Prior and 
Informed Consent. We respect the 
right of every person to voice their 
opinion in a safe, legal and responsible 
manner and recognize that different 
parties have different views.

Eldorado operates in full compliance 
with the regulations in place at each 
of the regions where we operate. Like 
our host communities, our top priorities 
are the safety of our people and our 
responsibility to the environment. In 
the project stage we conduct a full EIA/
EIS before receiving a permit to operate. 
Preparing the EIA/EIS requires significant 

engagement with local communities, 
municipalities and government – 
engagement that is ongoing throughout 
the mine’s life cycle.  

Benefits to loCal CoMMunities
Mining operations provide tangible 
benefits to local communities and 
national economies. Eldorado invests 
billions of dollars in projects around the 
world, generating thousands of direct 
and indirect jobs in local communities. 
Issues around employment are the 
most commonly raised topics at our 
meetings with community members 
and representatives. Host governments 
also benefit from various taxes, 
including corporate tax, payroll and 
social contribution taxes, and royalties 
throughout the life of our projects.

Eldorado is also directly involved in 
community improvement. Through 
consultation with local stakeholders, 
we select projects that improve the 
livelihood of local communities – 
such as investing in infrastructure, 
education and health – both during 
and beyond the life of the mines. 

exaMples of loCal initiatives
In 2012, Eldorado spent over US$7.4 
million on community development 
programs. Some of our initiatives are 
outlined below.

turkey
•  At Kışladağ, we work closely  

with Uşak province to improve its 
infrastructure and to support health 
and education programs. Eldorado’s 
largest donation in 2012 was funding 
the construction of a new building 
for Uşak University. We also funded 
the construction of a new wedding 
hall in a local village and donated an 
ambulance to Ulubey Hospital.

•  Our largest community initiative at 
Efemçukuru is the vineyard project, 
where we employ up to 30 local 
villagers as permanent and temporary 
employees in the management of over 
20 hectares of wine and table grapes. 
Our first commercial production of 
wine is expected in 2013. We are 
working with the community and 
grape marketing agents to secure the 
best prices for local table grapes.

•  Also at Efemçukuru, we are supporting 
the education of local villagers. Our 
contribution goes towards building 
improvements, uniforms, school 
supplies and providing school services. 
When we began the education project 
in 2004 there was one high school 
graduate from the local villages, 
and no students attending a post-
secondary institution. In 2012, there 
were 30 high school graduates and four 
students attending university. Many of 
these high school graduates are now 
working at Efemçukuru.

childRen at vila nova  
village school, BRazil

28     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      29

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      29

greece
•  In Greece, our community  

investments are focused on municipal 
infrastructure projects. In the 
summer of 2012, we also funded and 
coordinated a restoration program of a 
cultural monument in time for a related 
celebration. We hired local contractors 
for the program, further supporting  
the municipal economy.

China
•  As part of our five-year agreement 
with the provincial government, 
Eldorado sets aside a minimum of 
US$200,000 each year to donate to 
charity projects in Qinghai province, 
the location of our Tanjianshan 
mine. In 2012, one of Tanjianshan’s 
community projects was aimed at 
improving doctors’ and nurses’ skills. 
We donated money to the Dachaidan 
People’s Hospital as part of a three-
year program to provide improved 
medical training for hospital staff.
•  White Mountain is unique in being 
located very close to a city. The 
mine is seven kilometres away from 
Baishan, where we are investing 
in an agricultural project to create 
sustainable income for locals beyond 
the life of the mine. We completed 
construction of five greenhouses 
in November 2011 and engaged 
local university professors to select 
appropriate fruit and vegetable 
varieties to grow. Since then, locals 
have been employed and trained to 
use the greenhouses to grow organic 
vegetables year-round. The produce 
is sold to the mine employees and 
contractors and in a local market.

•  White Mountain has committed 
resources to developing and 
constructing a brick factory, and it 
coordinates an employee training 
program for locals. In the fall of 2012, 
to ensure the safety of commuting 
staff and villagers, Eldorado worked 
with the local municipality to install 70 
solar lights along the main road. 

geologists woRking neaR ceRtej, Romania

•  At Jinfeng, we provide health, 

infrastructure and education support 
for the neighbouring communities. 
In 2012, Jinfeng completed a project 
to design and construct an extensive 
network of roads in one of the  
local villages.

•  Our Vancouver Office has worked 
in partnership with the Educating 
Rural Girls in China Project since 
2011. We provide financial support 
for the project, which enabled them 
to expand to Qinghai Province in 
2011 and Guizhou Province in 2012 
to sponsor female university students 
from our rural mine regions.

Brazil
•  In partnership with the city of Porto 

Grande, we constructed a large medical 
emergency unit in the village of Vila 
Nova that includes designated spaces 
for medical assessments, treatments, 
immunizations and dental work.
•  At the Vila Nova Village School, we 

donated school supplies and provided 
emergency maintenance for the  
school buildings.

romania
•  At our Certej project, we have built 
excellent relationships with local 
communities. We are supporting an 
after-school program in which students 
can receive free tutoring and other 
educational and support services.

ValuE OF  CHa rita bl E dO natiOns 
A ND C OMMuNiT y DE v ELOpMENT 
sPEndinG  (IN THOUSA NDS ) 
site 

us$

Kışladağ 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Tanjianshan 
White Mountain 
Vila Nova 
Hellas Gold (Stratoni,  
  Olympias, Skouries) 
Perama Hill 
Certej 
Total 

1,828.5
307.7
213.9
249.3
372.1
118.5
4,038.7 

114.2
190.0
7,432.9

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      29
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      29

sustainability
sustainability
report 2012
report 2012

locals a

t the community maRket  
neaR jinfeng, china

>

jinfeng stakeholdeR 
paRtneRship
In April 2012, Jinfeng founded 

its own cooperation program, 

consisting of a four-part coalition, 

based on our successful program 

at White Mountain. The Jinfeng 

meetings include representatives 

from the mine, local community, 

county and provincial government. 

These meetings allow each 

party to discuss potential areas 

of concern, suggest community 

improvement projects and 

promote mutually beneficial 

relationships between the 

communities, the government and 

Jinfeng. Since the establishment  

of the cooperation program,  

15 meetings have taken place and 

Jinfeng has had no disputes with 

local communities, compared to  

11 disputes (six of which were 

land-related) in 2011.

CoMMunity relations
Building open and respectful 
relationships with local community 
members is the foundation of our 
community relations. We feel that 
we have excellent relations with, and 
support from, our host communities. 
Unfortunately, differences of opinion 
occasionally arise. In these instances, 
Eldorado is committed to resolving issues 
in an equitable manner to find a solution 
that is acceptable to all involved groups.

In 2012, we had three land-related 
disputes at our operations:
•  At our Skouries project in Greece, 

the use of forest land for mining was 
challenged. We are conducting our site 
clearance activities according to valid 
permits received from the Greek state.

•  Also at Skouries, we face the 

opposition of a vocal minority who 
are protesting the development of our 
project. We believe that the majority 
of the population in the area where 
our projects are located is supportive 
and that the population is benefitting 
economically from our investment. We 
are working to improve communication 
with external stakeholders about how 
we operate according to stringent 
health, safety, environmental and 
engineering standards and regulations.

•  At Vila Nova, we have been in 

negotiations with a settler in the 
mine area since 2011 regarding 
compensation for previous 
improvements.

At Kışladağ, four households were 
relocated in 2012 as we move forward 
with the expansion project. These 
families willingly moved into the Uşak 
city centre and some family members are 
employed by the Kışladağ mine.

Glossary

Collective bargaining agreement
Collective bargaining agreements are 
between the company and workers’ 
organizations, such as trade unions.

discharged Water
Discharged water is used by a mine, and 
is then collected, treated and released 
back into a water body.

Endemic diseases
Endemic diseases are those that occur 
frequently in a given area, such as 
malaria in Brazil.

Environmental impact Assessment/ 
Environmental impact Statement EiA/EiS
An EIA/EIS is a study done on an 
intended project area in the pre-
construction phase as part of the 
permitting process. The EIA/EIS 
extensively covers many environmental 
aspects, such as air and water quality 
and the flora and fauna in the area.  
This data is used throughout the mine 
life and rehabilitation to gauge the 
effect of the mine and the remedial 
measures on the environment. 

Free, prior and informed Consent (FpiC)
FPIC is a set of United Nations guidelines 
outlining the rights of locals and 
indigenous peoples. It promotes the 
rights of locals to have input regarding 
plans in all lifecycle stages, in a timely 
manner and free from coercion.

Global Reporting initiative (GRi)
The GRI is a widely used 
voluntary framework that seeks 
to improve transparency through 
sustainability reporting.

Groundwater
Groundwater is collected from 
underground sources, including 
wells and water pumped from 
underground mines.

30     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      31

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      31

incidents of discrimination
Eldorado defines incidents of 
discrimination as any treatment of a 
person in an unethical matter. It can 
include the promotion or denial of 
promotion or benefits for reasons other 
than personal merit, or the harassment 
of employees due to cultural differences.

international Cyanide Management Code 
(The Cyanide Code)
The Cyanide Code covers best practices 
for managing cyanide in all stages of its 
lifecycle and was created specifically by 
the International Cyanide Management 
Institute (ICMI) for the gold mining 
industry. Companies can become 
signatory to the Code as a company or 
on a mine-by-mine basis.

international Organization for 
standardization (isO); isO 14001
ISO 14001 is a set of voluntary 
standards for environmental 
management best practices.

Lost-Day Rate
The lost-day rate is the number of 
workdays lost due to LTIs per million 
man-hours worked.

lost-time incident (lti)
A lost-time incident is a workplace 
accident in which an employee or 
contractor sustains an injury that results 
in an inability to work for one or more 
work days or shifts.

Lost-Time incident Frequency Rate 
(ltiFr)
The lost-time incident frequency  
rate is the number of LTIs per million 
man-hours worked.

Municipal Water
Municipal water is drawn from  
a municipal source.

non-lost-time incidents
A non-lost-time incident is an accident 
in which an employee or contractor 
is injured but does not require time 
off work. This includes restricted 
work, work transfers, medical 
aid, first aid and near misses.

Significant Environmental incident
We define a significant environmental 
incident as one in which the effects 
have medium- to long-term or 
permanent impact. A significant 
environmental spill cannot be 
readily contained and remedied.

social impact assessment (sia)
SIAs are done in conjunction with EIAs 
prior to beginning construction in a new 
area as part of the permitting process. 
Potentially affected communities are 
surveyed to determine the effects the 
mine could have on the local residents. 
Considerations include the population, 
current labour situation, local concerns 
and risk assessment.

surface Water
Surface water is collected from 
any naturally occurring above-
ground water source, such as 
oceans, lakes, rivers and streams.

tailings and sludges
Tailings and sludges are waste residues 
that result from ore processing.

Waste Rock
Waste rock is material that is mined  
in the process of ore extraction. 

Withdrawn Water
Withdrawn water is the cumulative 
amount of water used from external 
sources. This includes surface, ground, 
rain and municipal water. Water 
efficiency is calculated from  
withdrawn water. 

Occupational diseases
Occupational diseases are illnesses 
caused by workplace exposure to 
physical, chemical or mental agents. 
For example, occupational diseases can 
include stress-related diseases, illness 
due to prolonged proximity to toxic 
chemicals or heatstroke.

OHSAS 18001
OHSAS is a set of voluntary standards 
for occupational health and safety 
management best practices.

Overburden
Overburden is material that is removed 
from the surface of the deposit and 
stored for subsequent rehabilitation. 

Recycled Water
Recycled water has been used in a  
task and is treated and then recirculated 
for use in other tasks.

reused Water
Reused water has been used in a  
task and recirculated for use in other 
tasks without treatment.

Scope 1 Energy use
Scope 1 energy use includes fuel 
relating to scope 1 emissions. This 
includes fuel used on site in both 
stationary and mobile equipment. 

Scope 2 Energy use
Scope 2 energy use includes purchased 
energy relating to scope 2 emissions. 
This includes electricity, heating, cooling 
and steam.

eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      31
eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report      31

financial  
Review

33 
ManageMent’s disCussion  
and analysis of finanCial Condition  
and results of operations 

63 
Consolidated inCoMe  
stateMents 

59 
ManageMent’s responsiBility  
for finanCial reporting 

60 
independent auditors’ report of  
registered puBliC aCCounting firm 

61 
report of independent registered  
puBliC aCCounting firM 

62 
Consolidated BalanCe sheets 

64 
Consolidated stateMents  
of CoMprehensive inCoMe 

65 
Consolidated stateMents  
of Cash flows 

66 
Consolidated stateMents  
of Changes in eQuity 

67 
notes to the Consolidated  
finanCial stateMents 

32     eldorado gold  > 2012 annual report

kiŞladaĞ gold mine, tuRkey

eldorado gold   > 2012 annual report     33

 
management’s discussion and analysis of  
financial condition and results of operations

For the year ended December 31, 2012

Throughout this MD&A, Eldorado, we, us, our and the company mean Eldorado Gold Corporation. 

This year means 2012. All dollar amounts are in United States dollars unless stated otherwise.

The information in this MD&A is as of February 21, 2013. You should also read our audited consolidated financial statements for 
the year ended December 31, 2012. We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). We file them with appropriate 
regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States. You can find more information about Eldorado, including our annual 
information form, on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

About Eldorado

Based in Vancouver, Canada, Eldorado owns and operates mines around the world. Its activities involve all facets of the mining 
industry including exploration, development, production and reclamation. 

operating gold Mines

•  Kışladağ, in Turkey (100%) 
•  Efemçukuru, in Turkey (100%)
•  Tanjianshan, in China (90%)
•  White Mountain, in China (95%)
•  Jinfeng, in China (82%)

developMent gold proJeCts
•  Perama Hill, in Greece (100%)
•  Olympias, in Greece (95%)
•  Skouries, in Greece (95%)
•  Certej, in Romania (80%)
•  Eastern Dragon, in China (95%)
•  Tocantinzinho, in Brazil (100%) 

other operating Mines

•  Stratoni – Lead and Zinc Concentrates (95%)
•  Vila Nova – Iron Ore, in Brazil (100%)

eldorado is listed on the following exChanges

•  Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol ELD 
•  New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol EGO

ELD is part of the S&P/TSX Global Gold Index. EGO is part of the AMEX Gold BUGS Index.

eldorado gold   > 2012 annual report     33

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

2012 Overview

•  Gold production: 656,324 ounces, including pre-commercial production from Efemçukuru and Olympias (2011 – 658,652 ounces).

•  Gold revenues: $1,047.1 million (2011 – $1,042.1 million).

•  Profit: $305.3 million (2011 – $318.7 million).

•  Basic earnings per share: $0.44 per share (2011 – $0.58 per share).

•  Cash generated from operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital: $447.7 million (2011 – $502.1 million).  

This is a non-IFRS measure. See page 46 for more information.

•  Paid Dividends: CDN$0.15 per share (2011 – CDN$0.11 per share).

•  European Goldfields Limited was acquired on February 24, 2012.

•  Issued Senior Notes totalling $600.0 million in December 2012 to fund ongoing mine development activities.

CorporatE dEvElopmEnts

Senior Notes
On December 10, 2012, the Company completed an offering of $600.0 million senior notes at par value, with a coupon rate of 6.125% 
due December 15, 2020. Proceeds from the notes will be used to fund ongoing mine development activities and other corporate 
requirements (see page 48 for details related to the notes).

Acquisition of European Goldfields Limited
On February 24, 2012, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of European Goldfields Limited (“EGU”). 
Under the terms of the Arrangement, former EGU shareholders received 0.85 of an Eldorado common share and CDN$0.0001 in 
cash for each EGU share. Eldorado issued 157,959,316 common shares pursuant to the Arrangement for a total purchase price 
of approximately $2.4 billion based on the closing market price of Eldorado’s shares trading on the Toronto Stock exchange on 
February 24, 2012, the acquisition date, of CDN$15.05 per common share. Eldorado holds a 95% stake in Hellas Gold S.A. (“Hellas Gold”), 
which owns the Kassandra Mines in Greece comprised of the Stratoni mine, and the Olympias and Skouries development projects, 
and an 80% stake in Deva Gold S.A. (“Deva Gold”) which owns the Certej development project in Romania.

The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination, with Eldorado being identified as the acquirer and EGU as the 
acquiree in accordance with IFRS 3. For accounting purposes, our consolidated financial statements include 100% of EGU’s operating 
results for the period from February 24, 2012 to December 31, 2012. For more information please read Note 5 of our consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Change in Greek Corporate Income Tax Rate Post Acquisition
On January 11, 2013 the government of Greece enacted legislation increasing the corporate income tax rate from 20% to 26%, 
effective January 1, 2013. The Company calculated its deferred tax liability with respect to its Greek assets including the assets 
acquired as part of the EGU acquisition based on the 20% Greek income tax rate, as this was the legislated tax rate at the  
acquisition date.

As required by IAS 12, “Income Taxes”, when an income tax rate changes, the deferred tax liability must be adjusted to reflect the 
change in the income tax rate. The adjustment is required to be charged to deferred income tax expense. The Company anticipates 
that the increase in the Greek income tax rate from 20% to 26% will increase the deferred tax liability and the deferred tax expense 
by approximately $130.0 million or approximately $0.18 per share in the first quarter of 2013.

34     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     35

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Summarized Annual Financial Results

($ millions except as noted) 

Revenues1 
Gold sold (ounces) 
Average realized gold price ($/ounce) 
Average London spot gold price ($/ounce) 
Cash operating costs ($/ounce)2 
Total cash costs ($/ounce)2 
Gross profit from gold mining operations2 
Profit3 
Earnings per share – Basic ($/share)3 
Earnings per share – Diluted ($/share)3 
Cash flow from operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital2 
Capital spending – cash basis 
Dividends paid – (CDN$/share) 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total assets 
Total long-term financial liabilities4 

2012 

1,147.5 
625,394 
1,674 
1,669 
483 
554 
595.0 
305.3 
0.44 
0.44 
447.7 
426.2 
0.15 
816.8 
7,928.1 
662.9 

2011 

1,103.7 
658,919 
1,581 
1,572 
405 
472 
610.8 
318.7 
0.58 
0.58 
502.1 
272.8 
0.11 
393.8 
3,960.4 
63.2 

2010

793.7
639,949
1,223
1,225
382
423
400.7
221.0
0.41
0.40
357.9
226.3
0.05
314.3
3,685.4
113.4

1  Revenues include proceeds from the sale of lead and zinc concentrates produced by Stratoni in the amount of $47.9 million (Stratoni was acquired in 2012), the sale of 
iron ore from Vila Nova in the amount of $45.6 million in 2012 ($56.8 million – 2011; $8.3 million – 2010), the sale of pyrite from Olympias in the amount of $0.8 million 
(Olympias was acquired in 2012), and the sale of silver in the amount of $6.1 million from our gold mines ($4.8 million – 2011; $2.6 million – 2010).

2  Throughout this MD&A we use cash operating cost per ounce, total cash costs per ounce, gross profit from gold mining operations, and cash flow from operating activities 
before changes in non-cash working capital as additional measures of Company performance. These are non-IFRS measures. Please see page 46 for an explanation and 
discussion of these non-IFRS measures.

3  Attributable to shareholders of the Company.
4  Includes long-term debt net of deferred financing costs, defined benefit plans, and asset retirement obligations.

rEviEw of annual finanCial rEsults
Profit attributable to shareholders of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $305.3 million, or $0.44 per share, 
compared to $318.7 million, or $0.58 per share in 2011. The main factors that impacted our profit as compared to the profit for  
the year ended December 31, 2011 were: 

1)  higher production costs due to higher operating costs at our Chinese gold mines; 
2)   lower depreciation and amortization expense mainly as a result of lower sales volumes;
3)   higher exploration expenses due to an increase in the Company’s worldwide exploration activities;  
4)   higher general and administrative expenses mainly as a result of the additional costs of managing the general and 

administrative activities of our Greek and Romanian subsidiaries from our acquisition of EGU;

5)   transaction costs of $21.2 million connected with the acquisition of EGU; and
6)   lower income tax expense due to recognition of $15.8 million of investment incentive tax credits in Turkey related to Efemçukuru 
and the impact of Turkish lira exchange rate changes on the tax basis of our Turkish tax assets. The effective tax rate decreased 
from 32% to 29% year over year for the same reasons.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     35

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Summarized Quarterly Financial Results

2012 
($ millions except as noted) 

Revenues  
Gold sold (ounces) 
Average realized gold price ($/ounce) 
Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 
Total cash costs ($/ounce) 
Gross profit from gold mining operations 
Profit1 
Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company – 

Basic ($/share)

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company – 

Diluted ($/share)

Dividends paid– (CDN$/share) 
Cash flow from operating activities before changes in non-cash 

working capital

2011 
($ millions except as noted) 

Revenues 
Gold sold (ounces) 
Average realized gold price ($/ounce) 
Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 
Total cash costs ($/ounce) 
Gross profit from gold mining operations 
Profit1 
Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company – 

Basic ($/share)

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company – 

Diluted ($/share)

Dividends paid – (CDN$/share) 
Cash flow from operating activities before changes in non-cash 

working capital

1  Attributable to shareholders of the Company.

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

271.5 
150,661 
1,707 
452 
529 
150.7 
67.9 
0.11 

0.11 

0.09 
102.8 

244.2 
132,919 
1,612 
480 
550 
118.7 
46.6 
0.07 

0.07 

– 
82.1 

281.8 
154,841 
1,670 
493 
567 
146.9 
75.8 
0.11 

350.0 
186,973 
1,696 
502 
566 
178.7 
115.0 
0.16 

0.11 

0.16 

0.06 
110.8 

– 
152.0 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

219.2 
148,530 
1,397 
410 
462 
107.8 
52.5 
0.10 

0.10 

0.05 
91.7 

252.6 
162,164 
1,510 
397 
477 
137.6 
74.9 
0.14 

0.14 

– 
115.7 

327.3 
179,513 
1,700 
397 
463 
193.2 
102.5 
0.19 

0.19 

0.06 
159.7 

304.6 
168,712 
1,686 
418 
486 
172.2 
88.8 
0.16 

2012 
Total

1,147.5
625,394
1,674
483
554
595.0
305.3
0.44 

0.44 

0.15
447.7 

2011 
Total

1,103.7
658,919
1,581
405
472
610.8
318.7
0.58 

0.16 

0.58 

– 
135.0 

0.11
502.1 

rEviEw of QuartErly rEsults
Profit attributable to shareholders of the Company for the quarter ended December 31, 2012 was $115.0 million, or $0.16 per share, 
compared to $88.8 million, or $0.16 per share for the same period in 2011. The main factors that impacted our profit as compared to 
the profit for the quarter ended December 31, 2011 were: 1) Increased gold revenues from Efemçukuru concentrate sales; 2) Higher 
operating costs at our Chinese gold mines; and 3) Lower income tax expense due to recognition of $14.6 million of investment 
incentive tax credits in Turkey. The effective tax rate decreased from 32% to 20% quarter over quarter for the same reasons.

36     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Operations Review and Outlook

Gold opErations

Total Operating Gold Mines
Gold ounces produced 
Cash operating costs ($ per ounce) 
Total cash costs ($ per ounce) 
Capital expenditure (millions) 

Kışladağ
Gold ounces produced 
Cash operating costs ($ per ounce)  
Total cash costs ($ per ounce) 
Capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Efemçukuru
Gold ounces produced 
Cash operating costs ($ per ounce)  
Total cash costs ($ per ounce) 
Capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Tanjianshan
Gold ounces produced 
Cash operating costs ($ per ounce) 
Total cash costs ($ per ounce) 
Capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Jinfeng
Gold ounces produced 
Cash operating costs ($ per ounce) 
Total cash costs ($ per ounce) 
Capital expenditure ($ millions) 

White Mountain
Gold ounces produced 
Cash operating costs ($ per ounce) 
Total cash costs ($ per ounce) 
Capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Olympias
Gold ounces produced 
Cash operating costs ($ per ounce) 
Total cash costs ($ per ounce) 
Capital expenditure ($ millions) 

1  Outlook metal prices: gold - $1,700 per ounce; silver - $30 per ounce

2012 

2011 

2013 Outlook1

656,324 
483 
554 
331.8 

289,294 
332 
361 
104.9 

66,870 
583 
613 
73.2 

110,611 
415 
612 
23.9 

107,854 
817 
901 
59.0 

80,869 
625 
671 
27.2 

826 
n/a 
n/a 
43.6 

658,652 
405 
472 
241.9 

284,648 
374 
398 
53.1 

n/a 
n/a 
n/a 
103.8 

114,972 
377 
567 
8.9 

177,757 
442 
507 
32.2 

81,275 
474 
517 
17.2 

n/a 
n/a 
n/a 
n/a 

705,000 to 760,000
515 to 530
n/a
410.0

290,000 to 300,000
350 to 360
n/a
200.0

125,000 to 135,000
470 to 490
n/a
45.0

90,000 to 100,000
485 to 500
n/a
10.0

105,000 to 115,000
800 to 820
n/a
55.0

60,000 to 70,000
760 to 780
n/a
30.0

35,000 to 40,000
780 to 800
n/a
70.0

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     37

 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Annual Review – Operations

KiŞladaĞ

Operating Data 

Tonnes placed on pad 
Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 
Gold (ounces)
  Produced 
  Sold 
Cash operating costs (per ounce) 
Total cash costs (per ounce) 

Financial Data (millions)
Revenues 
Depreciation and depletion 
Gross profit from mining operations 
Expenditure on mining interests 

Total 2012 

Total 2011

12,606,575 
1.20 

12,430,447
0.95

289,294 
289,056 
$332 
$361 

$483.7 
$11.9 
$363.2 
$104.9 

284,648
284,917
$374
$398

$455.3
$11.0
$327.2
$53.1

Gold production at Kışladağ in 2012 was 2% higher than in 2011 while gold ounces placed on the pad during the year increased 
28% over 2011, mainly as a result of higher average treated head grade. Heap leach gold inventory levels increased 33% from the 
beginning of 2012 as a result of the difference in the rates of placement of ore on the leach pad as compared with gold recoveries 
during the year. The heap leach gold inventory level is expected to decline as these additional gold ounces placed on the pad in 
2012 are leached and recovered into dore in 2013.

Cash operating costs were lower year over year as a result of the higher grade material placed on the pad as well as lower annual 
average exchange rates for the Turkish lira year over year. 

Capital expenditures at Kışladağ in 2012 included costs on the Phase IV Mine Expansion preparation works, capitalised waste 
stripping and various smaller construction projects. 

tanjianshan

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 
Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 
Average recovery rate 
Gold (ounces)
  Produced 
  Sold 
Cash operating costs (per ounce) 
Total cash costs (per ounce) 

Financial Data (millions)
Revenues 
Depreciation and depletion 
Gross profit from mining operations 
Expenditure on mining interests 

Total 2012 

Total 2011

1,056,847 
3.67 
82.6% 

110,611 
110,611 
$415 
$612 

$185.5 
$26.2 
$90.5 
$23.9 

1,005,236
3.96
82.1%

114,972
114,969
$377
$567

$181.0
$30.0
$84.6
$8.9

Gold production in 2012 was 4% lower than in 2011 mainly as a result of lower average treated head grade and lower additional 
flotation concentrate feed. Tonnes milled in 2012 were 5% higher than 2011 while average treated head grade was 7% lower than 
2011. Circuit recoveries remained relatively constant with a slight increase in average recovery rate year over year. Additionally, 
flotation concentrate produced in prior years from ore mined from the Qinlongtan pit between 2007 and 2008 and added to the 
roaster feed was responsible for approximately 7,700 ounces of production in 2012 (2011 – approximately 12,000 ounces). 

38     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     39

 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Cash operating costs per ounce were 10% higher in 2012 than the previous year mainly as a result of lower grade ore and lower 
flotation concentrate feed. 

Capital expenditures for the year included construction on a new tailings dam, process plant upgrades, and capitalized exploration 
costs as well as other sustaining capital.

jinfEnG

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 
Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 
Average recovery rate 
Gold (ounces)
  Produced 
  Sold 
Cash operating costs (per ounce) 
Total cash costs (per ounce) 

Financial Data (millions)
Revenues 
Depreciation and depletion 
Gross profit from mining operations 
Expenditure on mining interests 

Total 2012 

Total 2011

1,422,794 
2.65 
84.3% 

107,854 
107,812 
$817 
$901 

$180.9 
$28.7 
$55.0 
$59.0 

1,544,965
4.06
87.3%

177,757
177,758
$442
$507

$277.9
$50.0
$137.8
$32.2

Gold production at Jinfeng in 2012 was 39% lower than in 2011 mainly as a result of lower throughput and head grade due to 
impact of limited production from the open pit pending completion of a cutback. A total of 96,800 tonnes of ore was mined from 
the open pit in 2012 (2011 - 689,737 tonnes). Mining of ore was also impacted by pit wall instability due to excessive rainfall during 
the second quarter. It is expected that ore production will recommence from the pit in the second quarter of 2013 once the waste 
stripping has uncovered the ore body. A total of 541,555 tonnes of ore were mined from the underground during the year (2011 - 
494,422 tonnes). Additionally, a total of 491,101 tonnes of low grade stockpiled ore and 293,338 tonnes of mineralized waste were 
fed to the plant during 2012.

Cash costs were 85% higher in 2012 reflecting the impact of the decrease in treated head grade and the slightly lower throughput. 

Capital expenditures for the year included capitalized underground development, process plant upgrades and sustaining capital.

whitE mountain

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 
Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 
Average recovery rate 
Gold (ounces)
  Produced 
  Sold 
Cash operating costs (per ounce) 
Total cash costs (per ounce) 

Financial Data (millions)
Revenues 
Depreciation and depletion 
Gross profit from mining operations 
Expenditure on mining interests 

Total 2012 

Total 2011

754,673 
3.85 
86.3% 

80,869 
80,869 
$625 
$671 

$135.1 
$25.7 
$54.9 
$27.2 

708,882
4.37
81.8%

81,275
81,275
$474
$517

$127.8
$24.2
$61.3
$17.2

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     39

 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Gold production at White Mountain in 2012 was slightly below that of 2011 with higher ore throughput offsetting lower grade. The 
increase in tonnes was due to an increase in underground mining efficiency as a result of increased mine development. The average 
recovery rate at White Mountain continued to improve as a result of the process plant changes related to caustic pre-treatment of 
sulfide ore made in late 2011.

Cash operating costs per ounce were 32% higher in 2012 as a result of the decrease in head grade and due to costs related to 
increased backfill and secondary development rates to sustain higher production tonnage. 

Capital expenditures for the year included capitalized underground development, upgrade of the underground service facility, 
capitalized exploration costs and tailing dam lift.

EfEmçuKuru

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 
Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 
Average recovery rate (to concentrate) 
Gold (ounces)
  Produced (including pre-commercial production) 
  Sold – commercial production 
Cash operating costs (per ounce) 
Total cash costs (per ounce) 

Financial Data (millions)
Revenues 
Depreciation and depletion 
Gross profit from mining operations 
Expenditure on mining interests 

Total 2012 

Total 2011

352,156 
9.26 
92.7% 

66,870 
37,046 
$583 
$613 

$61.9 
$6.8 
$31.4 
$73.2 

112,612
8.21
89.5%

–
–
–
–

–
–
–
$103.8

Efemçukuru began milling ore at its process plant on a pre-commercial production basis in June 2011 and the facility reached 
commercial production rates by the end of 2011. Unseasonably cold and wet weather impacted production during the first quarter of 
2012 while delays in commissioning the underground crushing system and the paste fill system affected the second quarter of 2012. 
By the fourth quarter of 2012 all systems were in place and operating as expected, and production rates increased accordingly. 

During 2012 Efemçukuru shipped its concentrate to the Kışladağ Concentrate Treatment Plant (“KCTP”) and operated the KCTP on a 
pre-commercial production basis while modifying the facility in an effort to reach full commercial production. The KCTP was unable 
to achieve expected production rates during the year and in September 2012 the plant was placed on care and maintenance pending 
completion of metallurgical testwork, and development of design alternatives with a view to commissioning the upgraded plant in 
2013. Approximately 30,000 ounces of gold were produced and sold on a pre-commercial basis during the KCTP testing period. The 
revenues, net of cost to produce, were credited to plant and equipment.

In November 2012 Efemçukuru began selling its concentrate to third parties for shipment to smelters in China and had sold 
36,450 ounces by year end as well as 597 ounces poured from the gravity circuit at Efemçukuru. These sales were recorded as  
commercial production and the revenues and costs were reflected in the income statement in 2012. At the end of 2012 approximately  
35,000 contained ounces in concentrate remained in inventory and are expected to be sold in the first quarter of 2013.

Capital spending in 2012 included costs related to completion and testing of the KCTP, the underground crushing system, paste fill 
system and capitalized underground development.

40     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     41

 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

vila nova

Operating Data 

Tonnes processed 
Iron ore produced 
Average grade (% Fe) 
Iron ore tonnes
  Sold 
Average realized iron ore price 
Cash costs (per tonne produced) 

Financial Data (millions)
Revenues 
Depreciation and depletion 
Gross profit from mining operations 
Expenditure on mining interests 

Total 2012 

Total 2011

710,909 
613,780 
63.9% 

603,668 
$76 
$60 

$45.6 
$5.3 
$3.9 
$1.3 

623,684
537,958
63.9%

473,387
$120
$64

$56.9
$4.6
$21.8
$2.4

Vila Nova processed 710,909 tonnes of iron ore at an average grade of 63.9% Fe during 2012. A total of 603,668 tonnes of iron ore 
were sold on the spot market during 2012 at an average price of $76 per tonne. Iron ore prices were weak during 2012 as compared 
with 2011 prices but recovered somewhat in the fourth quarter of 2012. Operating costs fell slightly year over year mainly due to the 
weaker Brazilian real.

stratoni

Operating Data 

Tonnes ore processed (dry) 
Pb grade (%) 
Zn grade (%) 
Tonnes of concentrate produced 
Tonnes of concentrate sold 
Average realized concentrate price (per tonne) 
Cash costs (per tonne of concentrate sold) 

Financial Data (millions)
Revenues 
Depreciation and depletion 
Gross profit from mining operations 
Capital expenditure on mining interests 

Total 2012 

Total 2011

191,602 
6.4% 
10.0% 
50,680 
52,934 
$905 
$729 

$47.9 
$6.5 
$2.8 
$3.2 

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

Stratoni processed 191,602 tonnes of ore and produced 50,680 tonnes of lead/zinc concentrates during 2012 subsequent to the 
acquisition of EGU by the Company. A total of 52,934 tonnes of lead/zinc concentrates were sold during that same period at an 
average price of $905 per tonne and average cash operating costs of $729 per tonne. 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     41

 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Annual Review – Development Projects

KiŞladaĞ phasE iv minE Expansion
The basic engineering package for the process circuit and mine infrastructure for the Phase IV Mine Expansion was completed in the 
third quarter of 2012. The capital cost estimate for the project is being updated based on the basic engineering designs. A Connection 
Agreement was reached with the high voltage power supplier to provide an additional 154 kV power line to the site. Temporary 
power distribution facilities will be required for start up of the first electric shovel. Work continued on design of the North Leach Pad 
and North Rock dump including detailed designs for initial construction work.

Procurement of long lead equipment has been ongoing with orders prepared or placed for the mobile mining fleet as well as fixed 
plant equipment for the crushing and screening circuits. 

Construction activity on site has been focused on earthworks in the proposed plant site and crusher pad areas. The total amount  
of cut and fill material within the existing permitted area has been substantially completed. Safety continues to be a major focus  
on the site with 150,393 man-hours spent to date on the project this year with no medical aid or lost time incidents.

Capital spending at Kışladağ for the Phase IV Mine Expansion amounted to $74.4 million in 2012, this included $28.7 million for 
procurement of long lead equipment.

olympias
Olympias was acquired by the Company in February 2012 as part of the EGU transaction. The Olympias orebody is a carbonate 
replacement deposit containing proven and probable gold reserves of 3.8 million ounces of gold with significant lead and zinc 
values. Olympias was mined in the past from underground and produced lead and zinc concentrates as well as an arsenopyrite-gold 
concentrate. At the time of its acquisition the mine was on care and maintenance.

The Company is planning to develop Olympias in three phases. In Phase I the plan is to refurbish and re-commission the existing 
mill and flotation circuits and to reprocess approximately 2.41 million tonnes of historic tailings grading 3.4 g/t gold, at a rate of 
approximately 900,000 tonnes per annum. The reprocessing facility is designed to produce a flotation concentrate which can be sold 
commercially. 

Approximately 28,300 tonnes of tailings were reprocessed during the final quarter of 2012 at a grade of 5.07 grams per tonne during 
the re-commissioning of the reprocessing facility. Approximately 826 payable ounces of gold in concentrate were shipped to a 
smelter prior to year end and were accounted for as pre-commercial production. 

Underground refurbishment was begun during 2012 in tandem with the tailings retreatment with the goal of beginning underground 
mining in Phase II. Approximately 1,000 metres of underground drifts were rehabilitated and 1,377 metres of new drifts were 
completed. Mine production during Phases II and III, is estimated to be 450,000 and 850,000 tonnes per annum respectively. A core 
relogging and geologic interpretation program was begun in 2012 to better understand the full extent and distribution of gold 
mineralization. Based on results of this work the production rates may be increased for Phases II and III.

In Phase III (projected to begin in 2018) the Company plans to construct a new metallurgical plant at Stratoni to treat Olympias ore 
which will be accessed via an 8 kilometre tunnel, transporting ore to the plant and tailings back to the underground for backfill.

Capital costs incurred in 2012 since the date of the EGU acquisition were $43.6 million for mine development and rehabilitation,  
and for mill refurbishment.

sKouriEs
Skouries is a copper/gold porphyry deposit that the Company plans to develop using both open pit and underground mining 
methods. The deposit currently hosts proven and probable reserves of 3.6 million ounces of gold and 743,000 tonnes of copper.

From the date of the EGU acquisition a total of $20.6 million was spent on capital development at Skouries. The work consisted 
mainly of site clearing and preparation, geotechnical drilling (835 metres), detailed engineering studies and road building. 

On February 17, 2013 the Skouries project site was attacked by a group of armed intruders. Office trailers and mobile equipment were 
destroyed. The Company is cooperating with the police and other relevant authorities to ensure the safety of our employees and assets. 

42     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     43

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

CErtEj
The Certej development project in Romania was also acquired as part of the EGU transaction. This deposit hosts a 4.3 million ounce 
measured and indicated resource that will be developed using open pit mining methods. The Environmental Permit for Certej was 
approved by the Timisoara Regional Department of Environment during the third quarter of 2012.

Exploration drilling during 2012 significantly expanded the resource at Certej and work is currently underway to convert the resource 
into an updated and expanded pit design and ore reserve. In addition, metallurgical testwork is ongoing, both to validate the 
appropriateness of the currently designed metal recovery process and to examine alternative metallurgical processes.

From the date of the EGU acquisition a total of $9.9 million was spent on capital development including land acquisition, 
metallurgical drilling and testwork, and exploration drilling. 

pErama hill
The Ministry of Environment completed the review of the Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment (“PEIA”) application and 
issued the Approval of the PEIA study in February 2012. Processing of the EIA will be carried out under the Fast Track program 
established by the Greek government in 2012. Approval of the EIA is expected to be received in the first quarter of 2013.

Geotechnical drilling in the plant site and tailings disposal basin as well as geotechnical holes in the pit area began during 2012. 
Samples for metallurgical testwork were recovered from selected drill holes.

The basic engineering package for the process plant and ancillary facilities was completed in the fourth quarter of 2012. Detailed 
engineering including foundation and structural design was initiated for the process plant, ancillary buildings and filtration plant.

Capital spending for Perama Hill in 2012 amounted to $7.6 million.

EastErn draGon
Due to delays in the permitting process for Eastern Dragon the Company elected to reduce activity on site until resolution of the 
issues can be achieved. During the course of the year construction work at the site was focused on completing critical work already in 
progress as well as securing the site and equipment for care and maintenance.

Capital costs incurred at Eastern Dragon totalled $13.9 million spent on completion of construction work and care and maintenance 
of the site facilities. 

toCantinzinho
The Preliminary Environmental License for the Tocantinzinho project was issued in September 2012. Public participation meetings 
held in the project area in June were positive and supportive of the project development.

Engineering efforts have focused on preparation of a Feasibility Study for the mine and infrastructure and the backup data and 
designs required for the study. Preliminary results from the feasibility work have revealed a number of areas which could be 
optimized to improve on the economic performance of the project. A critical review of the project will be undertaken in 2013 to 
address areas which can potentially impact both capital and operating costs.

Project spending in 2012 was $12.1 million, not including capitalized exploration costs. 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     43

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Annual Review – Exploration

A total of $76.8 million (including capitalized exploration costs) was spent on grassroots, advanced stage and minesite exploration 
activities during 2012. The exploration activities included drilling totalling approximately 184,000 metres and were conducted on  
32 projects across Turkey, China, Brazil, Greece and Romania.

turKEy

Kışladağ 
At Kışladağ, a total of 10,200 metres of diamond drilling was completed in 2012 testing multiple deep targets defined by  
a combination of geophysical surveys, soil geochemistry, and geological modelling. The drilling program was not successful at 
identifying new mineralized porphyry centers, and most of the mineralization and alteration identified is likely a peripheral  
footprint of the Kışladağ deposit. Two final targets remain to be tested once drill-site permitting has been granted. 

Efemçukuru
At Efemçukuru, approximately 30,700 metres of exploration drilling was completed during the year on both the Kestane Beleni and 
the Kokarpinar vein systems. At Kestane Beleni, drilling was focussed on the Northwest Extension target area (“KBNW”), and also on 
the down-dip stepouts in the South Ore Shoot (“SOS”) and Middle Ore Shoot/North Ore Shoot (“MOS/NOS”) transition area. In the 
KBNW target area, 2012 drilling defined a new shallowly-plunging ore shoot with high gold grades. This ore shoot remains open 
down plunge to the northwest. In both the SOS and MOS/NOS transition areas, the new drilling extended the known mineralization 
downdip, and ore shoots remain open at depth. Drilling on the Kokarpinar vein system focused on the relatively untested central 
portion of the vein. Two new ore shoots were identified: a northern ore shoot supported to date by multiple bonanza grade intercepts, 
and a more limited southern ore shoot, dominated by stockwork mineralization in the hangingwall to the principal vein. The northern 
Kokarpinar ore shoot is open downdip, and has also not been tested in the approximately 300 metre interval between the drillhole 
intercepts and the surface. Most of the mineralization identified in 2012 drilling at both Kestane Beleni and Kokarpinar falls in the 
Inferred Resource category. Infill drilling of these zones is planned for 2013. 

Reconnaissance Programs
Drilling campaigns were completed in 2012 at the Sebin and Dolek porphyry/epithermal prospects in the Pontide Belt (2,600 metres 
and 3,800 metres respectively); and the Gaybular porphyry prospect in north-western Turkey (2,500 metres). The first-pass programs 
at all three of these projects were completed without sufficient positive results to justify further work; consequently, a partner will  
be sought to conduct future exploration. Permitting difficulties precluded the 2012 drilling program planned for the Atalan project. 

Exploration at the Salinbas epithermal project in the eastern Pontide Belt was conducted under the operatorship of joint venture 
partner Ariana Resources. A total of 1,650 metres of drilling was completed, focussing on infill/stepout drilling of the stratiform 
mineralized zone, as well as two holes in the previously untested zone linking Salinbas and the Ardala porphyry. Best results were 
from the latter area, where one of the drillholes cut an interval of 81.7 metres grading 1.29 grams per tonne gold. Eldorado will 
assume operatorship of the Joint Venture in 2013 before conducting further exploration of this area. 

China

Tanjianshan District
The 2012 exploration program in the Tanjianshan district included drilling programs at the Xijongou (“XJG”) deposit, the Qinlongtan (“QLT”) 
north target area, the Zhongxinshan ("ZXS") prospect, and the Jinlonggou (“JLG”) deposit. At XJG, a total of 5,700 metres of drilling  
was conducted on infill and stepout holes, providing further definition of the two main mineralized zones as well as testing new 
target areas. At QLT north, drilling tested the mineralized fault zone at depth beneath the north end of the open pit. Several high-
grade intercepts contributed to a new inferred resource in this target area, which is included in the exploration program for 2013.  
In addition, exploration drilling by our joint venture partner at QLT north encountered a strongly-mineralized intrusion with high 
gold grades adjacent to the controlling fault. Follow-up drilling of this new zone of mineralization began in late 2012 and is included 
in the 2013 exploration program.

At the Jinlonggou pit, a total of 10,800 metres of drilling targeted zones of inferred mineralization beneath the floor of the current 
design pit, and also tested the continuity of mineralized fault zones behind the west and south pit walls. This drilling yielded several 
new zones of Inferred Resources, which are included in the planned infill and stepout drilling program for 2013. 

44     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     45

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Jinfeng District 
During 2012, drilling in the Jinfeng district was completed at the Jinluo, Pogau, Da’ao, Lurong, and Jinfeng 42 license areas, and at 
the Jinfeng mine proper. First-pass target definition and drill testing has now been completed over the most prospective areas of the 
Jinluo exploration license and the nine Jingdu exploration licenses, with little encouragement for follow-up exploration. Both Joint 
Ventures are now in the process of being divested.

At the Jinfeng 42 exploration licenses, drilling was conducted at the Lintan, Shizhu, and HCG target areas. Best results were from 
Lintan, where additional narrow moderate grade intercepts were cut along the main controlling fault. Although none of the 
mineralization identified to date in the Jinfeng 42 area is consider economic, the position of the licenses surrounding the Jinfeng 
mining license is of strategic importance, and a modest exploration program is planned for 2013.

At the Jinfeng mine, drilling included surface and underground programs (16,500 metres and 14,200 metres respectively) which 
targeted step-outs along the known major mineralized fault zones (F2, F3, F6), infilled gaps in the existing resource model, and tested 
new conceptual targets. The exploration drilling was successful in maintaining Measured and Indicated Resources at the deposit.

White Mountain District
Exploration drilling of the White Mountain deposit was delayed pending development of additional underground drill stations. 
Outside of the mining license, drilling was completed in the White Mountain district at the Dongdapo, Xiaoshiren, and Zhenzhumen 
prospects. At Dongdapo, a total of 1,800 metres of drilling were completed. No significant mineralization was encountered, and 
future exploration will shift to testing other targets within the license area. A total of 2,500 metres of drilling was completed in the 
Xiaoshiren Central and Xiaoshiren South target areas. Best results were an intercept of 37.6 metres grading 2.84 grams per tonne 
gold from the Xiaoshiren South target.

Brazil

Tocantinzinho District
At Tocantinzinho, 2012 exploration activities included 5,700 metres of diamond drilling testing geophysical and geochemical targets 
peripheral to the deposit. Significant results included the discovery of a zone of copper-molybdenum porphyry-style mineralization 
several kilometres west of Tocantinzinho, with a drillhole intercept of 295.0 metres grading 0.19% copper and 0.015% molybdenum. 
Narrow intervals of high grade gold mineralization were also encountered in several drillholes, and will be further tested in 2013.

Reconnaissance
At the Agua Branca project, 8,800 metres of drilling tested the Camarao Hill zone over a 2 kilometre strike length. Although the 
drilling confirmed continuity of the northeast-striking mineralized zone, significant gold values were typically restricted to narrow 
intervals within broad low grade zones, and none of the new holes improved on results from previous drill programs. Additional 
auger testing is planned for early 2013.

Reconnaissance fieldwork aimed at defining drill targets was completed during the year at the Piranhas and Chapadinha projects, 
both being explored under option agreements with private owners.

GrEECE

Chalkidiki District
In the Chalkidiki district, drilling programs were completed in 2012 at the Skouries, Piavitsa and Fisoka project areas. At Piavitsa, 
14,000 metres of drilling tested the mineralized Stratoni Fault zone over approximately a 2 kilometre strike length, constraining a 
new Inferred Resource for the deposit. Strongest mineralization was encountered in two areas: one near the central portion of the 
tested area; and the other in the Piavitsa West area, where the Stratoni Fault appears to be offset by a north-striking younger fault. 
Several drillholes also cut mineralized veins with intermediate sulfidation epithermal characteristics and moderate gold grades. This 
discovery represents a style of mineralization not previously known in the district. 

At Skouries, a total of 12,100 metres of drilling was completed including 19 infill drillholes in the design pit area, and two deep 
confirmation drillholes. Infill drillholes converted portions of the low-grade Inferred Resource peripheral to the deposit core into 
Measured and Indicated Resources. The two deep confirmation holes intersected intense porphyry-style mineralization within 
potassically altered syenite and lesser wallrock zones, with grades similar to those predicted by the resource model.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     45

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

At Fisoka, a total of 2,700 metres of drilling was completed testing the three primary porphyry target areas. Best results were from a 
shallow supergene blanket over the northern porphyry body, with grades similar to those obtained from previous drilling programs.

Perama District
In the Perama district, exploration activities during 2012 focused on mapping and sampling of the Perama South deposit area, 
directed towards identifying controls on mineralization for future drill targeting. At Perama Hill, infill drilling along the western 
margin of the deposit began late in the year.

romania

Certej District
Exploration activities in the Certej district during 2012 included drilling programs at the Certej deposit and at the Sacaramb 
prospect. At the Certej deposit, drilling focused on two areas referred to as the link zone and the west pit areas. A total of 
13,900 metres of drilling was completed which identified new high grade zones of mineralization within the deeper parts of the 
link zone, and significantly increased the deposit resource. At Sacaramb, drilling tested geophysical anomalies along the inferred 
extension of vein systems that were mined historically. This drill program did not encounter significant new mineralization.

Non-IFRS Measures

Throughout this document, we have provided measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, as well as some non-IFRS performance 
measures as additional information for investors who also use them to evaluate our performance. 

Since there is no standard method for calculating non-IFRS measures, they are not a reliable way to compare us against other 
companies. Non-IFRS measures should be used with other performance measures prepared in accordance with IFRS.

We have defined our non-IFRS measures below and reconciled them with the IFRS measures we report.

Cash Operating Cost
The table below reconciles cash operating cost to operating costs. We calculate costs according to the Gold Institute Standard. 

$ millions (except for gold ounces sold and per ounce amounts) 

2012 

2011

Production costs – excluding Vila Nova and Stratoni  

(from consolidated income statements) 

Less:
By-product credits 
Total cash cost 
Less:
Royalty expense and production taxes 
Cash operating cost 
Gold ounces sold  
Total cash cost per ounce 
Cash operating cost per ounce 

352.9 

(6.6) 
346.3 

(44.1) 
302.2 
625,394 
554 
483 

316.2

(5.2)
311.0

(43.9)
267.1
658,919
472
405

Cash Flow From Operations Before Changes in Non-Cash Working Capital
We use cash flow from operations (or operating activities) before changes in non-cash working capital to supplement our consolidated 
financial statements, and calculate it by not including the period to period movement of non-cash working capital items, like 
accounts receivable, advances and deposits, inventory, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. 

We believe this provides a better indication of our cash flow from operations and may be meaningful in evaluating our past 
performance or future prospects. It is not meant to be a substitute for cash flow from operations (or operating activities), which  
we calculate according to IFRS.

46     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     47

 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Financial Condition

Operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital generated $447.7 million in cash this year, compared to 
$502.1 million in 2011. In addition, cash flow of $54.7 million related to pre-commercial production was recorded as cash flows  
from investment activities. 

Capital ExpEnditurEs
We invested $426.2 million in capital expenditures, mine development, mining licences and other assets this year. 

Mine development and capitalized exploration expenditures at our development projects totalled $117.0 million:

•  $43.6 million at Olympias
•  $20.6 million at Skouries
•  $3.9 million at Piavitsa
•  $7.6 million at Perama Hill
•  $9.9 million at Certej
•  $13.9 million at Eastern Dragon
•  $17.5 million at Tocantinzinho 

Spending at our producing mines (including capitalized exploration and development activities) totalled $292.7 million: 

•  $104.9 million at Kışladağ
•  $73.2 million at Efemçukuru
•  $59.0 million at Jinfeng
•  $27.2 million at White Mountain
•  $23.9 million at Tanjianshan
•  $1.3 million at Vila Nova
•  $3.2 million at Stratoni 

We also spent $13.0 million on land acquisitions in Turkey. The remaining $3.5 million related to fixed assets for our corporate offices 
in Canada, Brazil, Turkey, Greece, Romania and China.

Capital Resources

($ millions) 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Working capital 
Restricted collateralized accounts 
Debt – current and long-term 

2012 

816.8 
917.3 
0.2 
593.3 

2011

393.8
435.7
55.4
81.0

Cash and cash equivalents of $228.1 million are held by the Company’s operating entities in China and Turkey where the cash was 
generated. No income tax liability has been recognized for the potential repatriation of these funds. If the cash held in these entities 
is repatriated by way of dividends to the parent company, withholding taxes would be due on the amounts at the rate of 10% for 
Turkey, and 5% to 10% for China.

Management believes that the working capital at December 31, 2012, together with future cash flows from operations and, where 
appropriate, selected financing sources, including available credit lines, are sufficient to support our planned and foreseeable 
commitments, and dividends, if declared, in 2013 and beyond. 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     47

 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Contractual Obligations
as at December 31, 2012 

($ millions) 

Debt 
Capital leases 
Operating leases 
Purchase obligations 
Totals 

2013 

10.3 
0.2 
6.6 
171.6 
188.7 

2014 

2015 

2016 and beyond 

– 
– 
7.1 
21.8 
28.9 

– 
– 
4.4 
16.1 
20.5 

600.0 
– 
9.9 
29.0 
638.9 

Total

610.3
0.2
28.0
238.5
877.0

Purchase obligations relate primarily to the Phase IV Mine Expansion Project at Kışladağ, mine development projects in Greece, and 
operating and maintenance supply contracts at our operating mines. The table does not include interest on debt.

Debt

sEnior notEs
On December 10, 2012, the Company completed an offering of $600.0 million senior notes (“the notes”) at par value, with a coupon rate 
of 6.125% due December 15, 2020. The notes pay interest semi-annually on June 15 and December 15. The Company received proceeds of 
$589.5 million from the offering, which is net of a commission payment. The commission payment of $10.5 million will be recognized in 
the consolidated income statement over the term of the notes. The notes are redeemable by the Company in whole or in part, for cash: 

i) 

ii) 

 At any time prior to December 15, 2016 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes at 
the treasury yield plus 50 basis points, and any accrued and unpaid interest;

 On and after the dates provided below, at the redemption prices, expressed as a percentage of principal amounts of the notes to 
be redeemed, set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the notes:

December 15, 2016 
December 15, 2017 
2018 and thereafter 

103.063%
101.531%
100.000%

Net deferred financing costs of $6.5 million have been included as an offset in the balance of the notes in the financial statements 
and are being amortized over the term of the notes.

rEvolvinG CrEdit faCility
In October 2011, the Company entered into a $280.0 million revolving credit facility with HSBC (“the credit facility”) and a syndicate 
of other banks. The credit facility was to mature on October 12, 2015.

In November 2012, the Company amended, restated and increased the existing revolving credit facility with HSBC (“the amended and 
restated credit agreement” or “ARCA”) to $375.0 million. The ARCA matures on November 23, 2016. The ARCA is secured by the shares 
of SG Resources B.V. and Tuprag Metal Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S., wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company.

The ARCA contains covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of the Company to incur an aggregate unsecured 
indebtedness exceeding $850.0 million, incur secured indebtedness up to $200.0 million, make distributions in certain circumstances, 
sell material assets and carry on a business other than one related to the mining business. Significant financial covenants include 
a maximum debt to Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”) of 3.5:1 and a minimum EBITDA to 
interest of 3:1. The Company is in compliance with these covenants at December 31, 2012. 

Loan interest is variable dependent on a leverage ratio pricing grid. The Company’s current leverage ratio is approximately 1:1. At this 
ratio, interest charges and fees are as follows: LIBOR plus margin of 2.00% and undrawn standby fee of 0.50%. Fees of $3.0 million 
were paid on the establishment of the credit facility in 2011, and additional fees of $1.7 million were paid on the amendment to the 
credit facility. These amounts have been deferred as prepayments for liquidity services and will be amortized over the term of the 
credit facility. As at December 31, 2012, the prepaid loan cost on the balance sheet was $3.9 million.

No amounts were drawn down under the ARCA as at December 31, 2012.

48     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     49

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

EastErn draGon

Standby Line of Credit
In January 2010, Rock Mining Industry Development Company Limited (“Eastern Dragon”), our 95% owned subsidiary, entered into 
a RMB 320.0 million ($50.8 million) standby letter of credit loan with China Merchants Bank (“CMB”). On February 5, 2010, Eastern 
Dragon made a drawdown on this loan which was used to repay its letter of credit loan with China Construction Bank (“CCB”). 
This loan had a one year term. In January 2012, the term was extended for a second year term to January 2013 and the annual 
management fee of 10% of the interest accrued on the outstanding amount paid quarterly was removed. In addition, the floating 
interest rate was to be adjusted monthly at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China for working capital 
loans. This loan was collateralized by way of a restricted cash deposit as funding of the irrevocable letter of credit issued by 
Sino Gold Mining Pty. (“Sino Gold”) to CMB. The collateral was increased in January 2012 from $52.3 million to $56.5 million. 
During 2012, Eastern Dragon repaid the full amount of this loan and the restricted cash was released.

Project Financing Loan
In 2009, Eastern Dragon entered into a RMB 450.0 million ($71.6 million) project financing loan with CMB.

The loan has three components:

•  a long-term loan of RMB 320.0 million ($50.9 million), with a five-year term
•  a fixed asset loan of RMB 100.0 million ($15.9 million) with a four-year term
•  a working capital loan of RMB 30.0 million ($4.8 million) with a one-year term

The project-financing loan is subject to a floating interest rate adjusted quarterly to 90% of the prevailing lending rate stipulated  
by the People’s Bank of China for similar loans. 

The project-financing loan is secured by an irrevocable letter of Guarantee issued by Sino Gold. Under the terms of the agreement, 
the following conditions are required to be met before the first drawdown:

•  Obtain project approval from the Heilongjiang Provincial Development and Reform Commission;
•  Sino Gold to open an offshore banking business bank account with CMB and deposit $40.0 million; 
•   The aggregate of the amount deposited in the offshore account, Eastern Dragon registered capital and shareholder and 

entrusted loan is at least $84.7 million (this threshold has been reached as at December 31, 2009). 

In addition, before the drawdown on the fixed asset loan, Eastern Dragon should obtain the gold operation permit.

The working capital loan can be drawn down once the following conditions are satisfied:

•  The project obtains the mining license;
•  The project has been developed and in production;
•  The gold operation permit has been granted; and
•  The safety production permit and environmental protection permit have been granted.

The project-financing loan requires Eastern Dragon to maintain a liability to asset ratio of 70% or lower, excluding share-holder loan 
and total banking debt cannot exceed RMB 550.0 million ($87.5 million) and it is subject to an annual management fee of 10% of the 
annual interest on the drawn down amount.

No amounts were drawn down under the project-financing loan as at December 31, 2012.

HSBC Revolving Loan Facility
In May 2010, Eastern Dragon entered into a RMB 80.0 million ($12.7 million) revolving facility (“the Facility”) with HSBC Bank (China). 
The Facility can be drawn down in minimum tranches of RMB 1.0 million ($0.2 million) or its multiples. Each drawdown bears 
interest fixed at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China on the date of draw-down. The Facility has a 
term of up to one year. In February 2012, the Facility was reviewed by the bank and was extended to March 11, 2013. The interest rate 
on this loan as at December 31, 2012 was 6.16%.

As at December 31, 2012, RMB 65.0 million ($10.3 million) was outstanding on this loan.

The Facility is secured by a letter of guarantee issued by Eldorado. Eldorado must maintain at all times a security coverage ratio of 
110% of the amounts drawn down. As at December 31, 2012, the security coverage is $11.4 million.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     49

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

This Facility is to be repaid in full when Eastern Dragon obtains the required project approval that will allow it to complete the 
second drawdown on the project-financing loan.

Entrusted Loan
In November 2010, Eastern Dragon, HSBC Bank (China) and Qinghai Dachaidan Mining Ltd (“QDML”), our 90% owned subsidiary, 
entered into a RMB 12.0 million ($1.9 million) entrusted loan agreement, which was subsequently increased to RMB 180.0 million 
($28.6 million) in September 2011, and to RMB 620.0 million ($98.6 million) in September 2012.

Under the terms of the entrusted loan, QDML with its own funds entrusts HSBC Bank (China) to provide a loan facility in the name  
of QDML to Eastern Dragon.

The entrusted loan can be drawn down in tranches. Each drawdown bears interest fixed at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by 
the People’s Bank of China on the date of drawdown. Each draw down has a term of three months and can be rolled forward at the 
discretion of QDML. The interest rate on this loan as at December 31, 2012 was 4.59%.

As at December 31, 2012, RMB 543.0 million ($86.4 million) had been drawn under the entrusted loan. 

Subsequent to December 31, 2012, RMB 5.0 million ($0.8 million) was drawn under this loan. 

The entrusted loan has been recorded on a net settlement basis.

jinfEnG

Construction Loan
In 2009, Guizhou Jinfeng Mining Ltd. (“Jinfeng”), our 82% owned subsidiary entered into a RMB 680.0 million ($108.2 million) 
construction loan facility (“the construction loan”) with CCB. The construction loan had a term of 6 years commencing from 
February 27, 2009 and was subject to a floating interest rate adjusted annually at 95% of the prevailing lending rate stipulated by  
the People’s Bank of China for similar loans. Jinfeng made regularly scheduled quarterly loan repayments as well as prepayments 
during the period 2010 and 2011, leaving a remaining loan balance at the beginning of 2012 of $19.9 million. During 2012 Jinfeng 
paid off the remaining loan balance.

Working Capital Loan
On January 16, 2013, Jinfeng entered into a RMB 100.0 million ($15.9 million) working capital loan with CMB. Each drawdown bears 
fixed interest at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China on the date of drawdown. The Facility has a term 
of up to one year, from January 16, 2013 to January 15, 2014. The facility is unsecured and has no security pledged as collateral. 

As at February 5, 2013, Jinfeng has drawn down RMB 78.0 million ($12.4 million) under this facility, and used the proceeds to fund 
working capital obligations. This tranche of the loan has a term of six months and a fixed interest rate of 5.6%.

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company operates defined benefit pension plans in Canada with two components: a registered pension plan (“the Pension Plan”)  
and non-registered supplementary pension plan (“the SERP”). During the second quarter of 2012, the Company set up a Retirement 
Compensation Arrangement (“RCA”) trust account in connection with its non-registered supplementary pension plan. As it is a trust 
account, the assets in the account are protected from the Company’s creditors. The RCA requires the Company to remit 50% of  
any contributions made to the Receiver General for Canada to a refundable tax account. These plans, which are only available to 
certain qualifying employees, provide benefits based on an employee’s years of service and final average earnings at retirement. 
Annual contributions related to these plans are actuarially determined and made at or in excess of minimum requirements 
prescribed by legislation.

Eldorado’s plans are actuarial valuations for funding purposes. The Pension Plan last had an actuarial valuation performed as of 
January 1, 2011 for funding purposes with the next required valuation as of January 1, 2014. The SERP’s last valuation was on  
January 1, 2012 for funding purposes and the next valuation will be prepared in accordance with the terms of the Pension Plan.  
The measurement date to determine the pension obligation and assets for accounting purposes was December 31, 2012.

50     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     51

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

The SERP is designed to provide supplementary pension benefits to qualifying employees affected by the maximum pension limits 
under the Income Tax Act pursuant to the registered Pension Plan. Further, the Company is not required to prefund any benefit 
obligation under the SERP. 

Cash contributed to the Pension Plan and the SERP was $39.6 million (2011 – $7.5 million). Cash payments totaling $0.2 million 
were made directly to beneficiaries during the year (2011 – $0.2 million). The Company expects to contribute $0.1 million to the 
Pension Plan and $2.8 million to the SERP in 2013.

Equity

This year we received net proceeds of $22.1 million for issuing 3,271,683 common shares related to stock options and warrants 
being exercised. 

We may make minor accounting adjustments to these figures before they are presented in future consolidated financial statements.

Common Shares Outstanding 
  as of February 21, 2013 
  as of December 31, 2012 
Share purchase options – as of February 21, 2013 
(Weighted average exercise price per share: $13.68 CDN)

Managing Risk

714,534,476
714,344,476
14,727,006 

This section describes the types of risks we are exposed to and our objectives and policies for managing them (please read the 
Company’s Annual Information Form for additional information).

We manage risk using our risk management review process. Management prepares a risk assessment report every quarter outlining 
our operational and financial risks. The Board reviews the report to evaluate and assess the risks we are exposed to in various 
markets, and discusses the steps management takes to protect the company against them. 

finanCial risK

Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that we cannot meet our financial obligations. We use a rigorous planning, budgeting and forecasting process 
to help determine the funds we will need to support our ongoing operations and our expansion plans. Management believes that the 
working capital at December 31, 2012, together with future cash flows from operations and, where appropriate, selected financing 
sources, is sufficient to support our planned and foreseeable commitments in 2013 and beyond.

Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that the counterparty to a financial instrument will not meet its obligations and will cause the Company to 
incur a financial loss. To mitigate exposure to credit risk on financial assets, we have policies that require counterparties demonstrate 
minimum creditworthiness, and ensure liquidity of available funds. We also monitor our concentrations of credit risk and closely 
monitor our financial assets. 

Payment for metal sales is normally in advance or within fifteen days of shipment depending on the buyer. The historical level of 
customer defaults is negligible which reduces the credit risk associated with trade receivables at December 31, 2012. 

We invest our cash and cash equivalents in major financial institutions and in government issuances, according to our short-term 
investment policy. The credit risk associated with these investments is considered to be low, but many financial institutions have 
gone into bankruptcy or been rescued by government authorities over the past few years. That makes us subject to the risk of loss 
of the deposits we have with financial institutions. As at December 31, 2012, approximately 71% of our cash and cash equivalents, 
including restricted cash, were with one financial institution.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     51

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Currency Risk
We sell gold in US dollars, but our costs are mainly in US dollars, Canadian dollars, Turkish lira, Brazilian real, Euros, Romanian Lei, and 
Chinese renminbi. An increase in the value of any of these currencies against the US dollar can increase our production costs and 
capital expenditures, which can affect future cash flows.

The table below shows our assets and liabilities and debt denominated in currencies other than the US dollar at December 31, 2012. 
We recognized a gain of $2.8 million on foreign exchange this year, compared to a loss of $5.4 million in 2011.

(thousands) 

Cash and cash 
  equivalents
Marketable securities 
Accounts receivable  
  and other
Accounts payable and 
  accrued liabilities
Debt 
Net balance 

Equivalent in  
  US dollars

Canadian 
Dollar 

Australian 
Dollar 

Euro 

Swedish 
Krona 

Romanian 
Lei 

British 
Pound 

Turkish 
Lira 

Chinese 
Renminbi 

Brazilian 
Real

256,134 

1,141 

2,806 

– 

3,874 

305 

3,608 

691,460 

2,442 

1,979 
2,147 

(12,670) 

– 
– 

– 

– 
7,418 

– 
38,775 

– 
3,471 

(33,744) 

– 

(1,474) 

– 
– 

– 

– 
26,082 

– 
142,235 

–
35,279 

(61,235) 

(687,162) 

(6,807) 

– 
247,590 

– 
1,141 

– 
(23,520) 

– 
38,775 

– 
5,871 

– 
305 

– 
(31,545) 

(64,998) 
81,535 

–
30,914

248,857 

1,187 

(31,013) 

5,967 

1,749 

495 

(17,696) 

12,972 

15,132 

Accounts receivable and other current and long-term assets relate to goods and services taxes, income taxes, value-added taxes and 
insurance receivables. Based on the balances at December 31, 2012, a 10% increase/decrease in the exchange rates on that date 
would have resulted in a decrease/increase of approximately $23.8 million in profit before taxes.

Interest Rate Risk
Interest rates determine how much interest we pay on our debt, and how much we earn on our cash and cash equivalents, which can 
affect future cash flows.

The majority of our debt is in the form of notes with a fixed interest rate of 6.125%. We earned an average of approximately 1.4% in 
interest on our cash and cash equivalents this year, compared to 1.0% in 2011.
We don’t actively manage our exposure to changes in interest rates.

Price Risk
Our profitability depends on the price of gold, which is affected by many things, including the sale or purchase of gold by central 
banks and financial institutions, interest rates, exchange rates, inflation or deflation, fluctuations in the value of the US dollar  
and foreign currencies, global and regional supply and demand, and the political and economic conditions of the world’s major  
gold-producing countries. We don’t hedge against changes in the price of gold. 

•   The cost of production, development and exploration varies depending on the market prices of certain mining consumables, 

including diesel fuel and electricity. We are evaluating a hedge against changes in the price of diesel fuel. 

•   Electricity is regionally priced in Turkey and China and semi-regulated by the federal governments of those countries, which 

reduces the risk of price fluctuations. We do not hedge against changes in the price of electricity.

Sensitivity Analysis For Key Variables

A change of 

Would change our  
after-tax net earnings by

Currency values against the US dollar 
Price of gold (based on the expectations and assumptions we used in our 2013 outlook) 
Interest rate on variable interest debt 
Interest earned on cash and cash equivalents 
Price of diesel fuel 

10%  
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 

$23.8 million
$93.8 million
$0.1 million
$0.9 million
$3.0 million

52     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

othEr risKs and unCErtaintiEs

Exploration and Development
The cost and results of our exploration and development programs affect our profitability and value. The life of a mine is fixed 
based on its mineral reserves, so we actively seek to replace and expand our reserves, mainly through exploration, acquisition and 
the development of our existing operations. Exploring for minerals involves many risks and may not lead to new economically 
viable mining operations or yield new reserves to replace and expand current reserves. Our reserve estimates are based on certain 
assumptions and affected by the inherent limitations of the estimation process.

Acquiring title to mineral properties is a detailed and time-consuming process. We take steps, in accordance with industry standards, 
to verify and secure legal title to mineral properties that we have, or are seeking, an interest in. Although we take every precaution  
to ensure that legal title to our properties is properly recorded in our name, there can be no assurance we will ultimately secure 
title on every property. Legal title to our properties depends on the laws in the countries we operate in, and their appropriate and 
consistent application.

Operations
The business of gold mining involves many operational risks and hazards. We work to reduce the risks associated with our projects by 
setting high operational standards, hiring and training appropriately skilled personnel, and making improvements to our operations. 
We maintain adequate insurance to cover normal business risk. We rely on a number of key employees. Our success depends on 
attracting and retaining qualified personnel in a competitive labour environment.

Environment
There may be environmental hazards at our mines or projects that we are unaware of. We may be liable for any associated losses, or 
be forced to do extensive remedial cleanup or pay for governmental remedial cleanup, even if the hazards were caused by previous 
or existing owners or operators of the property, past or present owners of adjacent properties or by natural conditions. The costs of 
any cleanup could have a material and adverse effect on our operations and profitability.

Laws, Regulations and Permits
Our activities are subject to extensive federal, provincial, state and local laws and regulations governing environmental protection 
and employee health and safety. We must obtain government permits and provide associated financial assurance to conduct certain 
activities. We are also subject to various conditions related to reclamation that are imposed under federal, state or provincial air, 
water quality and mine reclamation rules and permits.

We have budgeted for future capital and operating expenditures to obtain such permits and maintain compliance with these 
environmental, health and safety laws, however, any changes to these laws in the future could have an adverse effect on our financial 
condition, liquidity or results of operations and could delay our ability to obtain such permits.

If these laws are not complied with, we may face injunctions, damages and penalties, or our permits could be suspended or revoked. 
There is no assurance that we have been, or will be, in compliance with environmental, health and safety laws at all times, that our 
compliance will not be challenged, or that the cost of complying with current or future laws will not have a material and adverse 
effect on our future cash flow, results of operations and financial condition.

Litigation
All industries, including the mining industry, are subject to legal claims that are with and without merit. 

We are currently involved in various routine legal and regulatory proceedings. It’s unlikely that the final outcome of these routine 
proceedings will have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations; however, defense and 
settlement costs can be substantial, even for claims that are without merit. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the litigation process 
and dealings with regulatory bodies, there is no assurance that any legal or regulatory proceeding will be resolved in a manner that 
will not have a material and adverse effect on our future cash flow, results of operations or financial condition.

Political Risk
We operate in five countries outside of North America: Turkey, China, Brazil, Romania and Greece. Our operations in these countries 
may be subject to political, economic and other risks that may affect our future operations and financial position.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     53

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Other Information 

CritiCal aCCountinG poliCiEs and EstimatEs
We are required to make estimates that affect the amount of assets, liabilities, contingent liabilities revenue and expenses we report. 
We have identified the following critical accounting policies and estimates. You can find all of our significant accounting policies in 
note 3 of our 2012 consolidated financial statements.

Inventories
We value finished goods, work-in-process, heap leach ore and stockpiled ore at the average production cost or its net realizable value 
– whichever is lower. 

We consider ore stacked on our leach pads and in process at our mines as work-in-process inventory and record their value in 
earnings, and include them in the cost of sales based on ounces of gold sold, using the following assumptions in our estimates:

•  the amount of gold we estimate is in the ore stacked on the leach pads 
•  the amount of gold we expect to recover from the stacks
•  the amount of gold and other metals in the mill circuits
•  the amount of gold and other metals in concentrates 
•  the gold and other metal prices we expect to realize when the gold and other metals is sold. 

If our estimates or assumptions are inaccurate, we could be required to write down the value we have recorded on our work-in-process  
inventories, which would reduce our earnings and working capital. At December 31, 2012, the average cost of inventory was 
significantly below its net realizable value.

Reserves and Resources
Our estimates for Kışladağ, Efemçukuru, Tanjianshan, Jinfeng, White Mountain, Perama, Tocantinzinho, Eastern Dragon, Skouries, 
Olympias, Stratoni, Certej and Vila Nova are based on the definitions adopted by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and 
Petroleum, and in compliance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43-101), 
developed by the Canadian Securities Administrators.

You will not be able to compare the mineral reserve and resources information in this report with similar information from U.S. companies.  
The United States Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) defines a mineral reserve as the part of a mineral deposit that can be 
economically and legally extracted or produced. It does not recognize the terms measured, indicated and inferred mineral resources 
(mining terms under NI 43-101), and does not accept them in reports and registration statements. You should not assume that:

•  the mineral reserves defined in this report qualify as reserves under SEC standards
•  the measured and indicated mineral resources in this report will ever be converted to reserves 
•  the inferred mineral resources in this report are economically mineable, or will ever be upgraded to a higher category. 

Value Beyond Proven And Probable Reserves (“VBPP”)
On acquisition of a mineral property, we prepare an estimate of the fair value of the exploration potential of that property and record 
this amount as an asset, called value beyond proven and probable, as at the date of acquisition. As part of our annual business cycle, 
we prepare estimates of proven and probable reserves for each mineral property. The change in reserves, net of production, is used to 
determine the amount to be converted from VBPP to proven and probable reserves subject to amortization.

Mining Interests
We depreciate most of our mining properties, plant and equipment using the unit-of-production method, where the value of property 
is reduced as reserves are depleted. We base this on mining rates and our estimates of reserves. If these change, we could be required 
to write down the recorded value of our mining properties, plant and equipment, or to increase the amount of future depreciation, 
depletion and amortization expense, both of which would reduce our earnings and net assets. 

At the end of every year, we assess whether there has been an impairment of our capitalized mining properties, plant and equipment. 
If there were an impairment, we would be required to write down the recorded value of our mining properties, plant and equipment, 
which would reduce our earnings and net assets. 

For producing properties, we base our assessment on the future net cash flows we expect the property will generate. There will be 
an impairment if metal prices are lower, production costs have increased, or metal recoveries are lower than previously estimated.

54     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     55

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

For non-producing properties, we base our assessment on whether there are factors that might indicate the need for a write-down. 
There will be an impairment if we believe current economics or permitting issues will prevent us from recovering the costs we have 
deferred for the property.

At December 31, 2012, based on an average projected gold price for 2013-2017 of $1,700 per ounce and a long-term inflation 
adjusted price of $1,350 per ounce by 2018, the estimated discounted net cash flow from our mining properties, plant and equipment 
exceeded their carrying values.

Goodwill and Impairment Testing
We account for business combinations using the purchase method of accounting. We record the fair market value of assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition, and record any excess of the purchase price over fair value as goodwill. When 
the excess is negative it is recognized immediately in income. The assumptions underlying fair value estimates are subject to 
significant risks and uncertainties.

We review and evaluate the carrying amount of goodwill every year by comparing the fair value of our units to their carrying 
amounts. If a unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, we compare its carrying value to the implied fair value of its goodwill, and 
charge the amount the carrying value exceeds fair value to operations. 

At December 31, 2012, our consolidated balance sheet included $839.7 million in goodwill as follows: EGU Greek assets 
($473.8 million), Sino Gold assets ($363.7 million) and Tanjianshan ($2.2 million). We used a discount rate of 7% to calculate the net 
present value of cash flows from Tanjianshan to estimate its implied fair value. We used a discount rate of between 7% and 9% to 
calculate the net present value of cash flows from Sino Gold mines in order to estimate their fair values. There was no impairment of 
goodwill for any of these units. Our EGU Greek and Romanian gold projects have been recorded at their fair values as of the date of 
acquisition, February 24, 2012, using a discount rate of between 7% and 9%.

Operating Costs
We calculate cash operating costs according to the Gold Institute Standard. Future operating costs include estimates of foreign 
currency exchange and inflation trends.

Stock-based Compensation
We use the Black-Scholes Model to calculate the fair value of stock options that have been given to employees, officers and directors. 
This model uses assumptions of share price, volatility and expected life of options.

Asset Retirement Obligations
We estimate the mine closure date, the discount rate, the inflation rate and the timing reclamation costs to determine the carrying 
value of an asset retirement obligation.

Income Taxes
We record income taxes using income tax rates we expect to apply in the years we estimate the various temporary differences will 
be recovered or settled. Where the tax laws and regulations are unclear or subject to varying interpretations, these estimates could 
change, and materially affect the amount of income tax liabilities recorded at the balance sheet date.

Pension Plans
We use various actuarial assumptions to estimate our obligations and expenses, including a long-term estimate of the expected rate 
of return on plan assets, the discount rate, the rate of salary escalation and the average remaining service period of active employees 
expected to receive benefits. 

December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Key Assumptions – Pension Plans 
Expected long term-rate of return on plan assets 
Discount rate beginning of year  
Discount rate end of year  
Rate of salary escalation 
Average remaining service period of active employees 
  expected to receive benefits

Pension Plan 
6.0% 
4.5% 
3.9% 
3.0% 
7.8 years 

SERP 
3.0% 
4.5% 
3.9% 
3.0% 
7.8 years 

Pension Plan 
6.5% 
5.5% 
4.5% 
3.0% 
6.7 years 

SERP
6.5%
5.5%
4.5%
3.0%
6.7 years 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     55

 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Changes in Accounting Policies

The following standards and amendments to existing standards have been published and are mandatory for Eldorado’s annual 
accounting periods beginning January 1, 2013, or later periods:

•  IAS 19 ‘Employee Benefits’ – On June 16, 2011, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) published a revised version of 
IAS 19. The revised IAS 19 (“IAS 19R”) represents IASB’s effort to improve the accounting for employee retirement benefits. The 
revisions include:
–  Requirement to recognize past service costs immediately in net income rather than using the corridor method. 
–   Requirement to recognize actuarial gains and losses immediately in other comprehensive income OCI. Previously, companies 

had the option of recognizing actuarial gains and losses through OCI immediately or via use of the corridor method.

–   Requirement that expected return on plan assets be calculated based on the rate used to discount the defined benefit obligation 
which is based on high quality bond yields. Previously, equity returns were incorporated into the expected return on plan assets.
–   Requirement for more disclosure relating to the characteristics and risks of the amounts in the financial statements regarding 

defined benefit plans, including the timing and uncertainty of the entity’s cash flows.

The revised IAS 19 will be applicable for reporting periods starting on or after January 1, 2013 with retrospective application. If the 
standard had been effective January 1, 2012, defined benefits expense for the Company would have been reduced by $0.3 million.

•  IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments: Classification and Measurement’ – This is the first part of a new standard on classification and 

measurement of financial assets that will replace IAS 39, ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’. IFRS 9 has two 
measurement categories: amortized cost and fair value. All equity instruments are measured at fair value. A debt instrument is 
recorded at amortized cost only if the entity is holding it to collect contractual cash flows and the cash flows represent principal 
and interest. Otherwise it is measured at fair value with changes in fair value through profit or loss. In addition, this new 
standard has been updated to include guidance on financial liabilities and de-recognition of financial instruments. This standard 
is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2015. The extent of the impact of adoption of IFRS 9 has not yet been 
determined.

•  IFRS 10 ‘Consolidated Financial Statements’ – IFRS 10 establishes control as the basis for an investor to consolidate its investee; 
it defines control as an investor’s power over the investee with exposure, or rights, to variable returns from the investee and 
the ability to affect the investor’s return through its power over the investee. This standard is effective for years beginning on 
or after January 1, 2013. The Company does not expect the adoption of IFRS 10 to have a material impact on the consolidated 
financial statements.

•  IFRS 11 ‘Joint Arrangements’ – This standard replaces the guidance in IAS 31 Interests in Joint Ventures. Under IFRS 11, joint arrangements 

are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures. Joint ventures are now accounted for using the equity method.

 Upon application of IFRS 11, entities which had previously accounted for joint ventures using proportionate consolidation  
will collapse the proportionately consolidated net asset value into a single investment balance at the beginning of the earliest 
period presented. The investment’s opening balance is tested for impairment in accordance with IAS 28 and IAS 36 ‘Impairment 
of Assets’.

 Any impairment losses identified on adoption of the new standard are recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings  
at the beginning of the earliest period presented. The Company intends to adopt IFRS 11 in its financial statements for the 
annual period beginning on January 1, 2013 and does not expect its adoption to have a material impact on the consolidated 
financial statements.

•  IFRS 12 ‘Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities’ – This IFRS shall be applied by companies with an interest in subsidiaries, joint 
arrangements, associates or unconsolidated structured entities. The application of this standard intends to enable users of the 
financial statements to evaluate the nature of and risks associated with its interests in other entities, and the effects of those 
interests on its financial position, financial performance and cash flows. Companies will be required to disclose information 
about significant judgments and assumptions made in determining the control of another entity, the joint control of an 
arrangement or significant influence over another entity and the type of joint arrangement when the arrangement has been 
structured through a separate vehicle. This standard is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company 
does not expect the adoption of IFRS 12 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

56     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     57

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

•  IFRS 13 ‘Fair value measurement’, aims to improve consistency and reduce complexity by providing a precise definition of fair 

value and a single source of fair value measurement and disclosure requirements for use across IFRS. The requirements do not 
extend the use of fair value accounting but provide guidance on how it should be applied where its use is already required or 
permitted by other standards within IFRS. The Company does not expect the adoption of IFRS 13 to have a material impact on 
the consolidated financial statements.

•  IFRIC 20 ‘Stripping costs in the production phase of a surface mine’ – This interpretation applies to waste removal costs that are 
incurred in open pit mining activity during the production phase of the mine. Recognition of a stripping activity asset requires 
the asset to be related to an identifiable component of the ore body. Stripping costs that relate to inventory produced should 
be accounted for as a current production cost in accordance with IAS 2, ‘Inventories’. Stripping costs that generate a benefit 
of improved access and meet the definition of an asset should be accounted for as an addition to an existing asset. Existing 
stripping costs on the balance sheet at transition that do not relate to a specific ore body should be written off to opening 
retained earnings. The stripping activity asset shall be depreciated on a systematic basis, over the expected useful life of the 
identified component of the ore body that becomes more accessible as a result of the stripping activity. This interpretation 
is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company does not expect the adoption of IFRIC 20 to have a 
material impact on the consolidated financial statements as the Company currently applies comparable principles to those 
found in this interpretation.

•  There are no other IFRS or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have a material impact  

on the Company.

disClosurE Controls and proCEdurEs
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information is gathered and reported 
to senior management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow for timely decisions about public disclosure.

Management, including the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure  
controls and procedures as at December 31, 2012, as defined in the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and  
Canadian Securities Administration. Based on this evaluation, they concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are 
effective in providing reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in reports we filed or submitted under 
United States and Canadian securities legislation was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods 
specified in those rules.

For accounting purposes, we acquired control of EGU on February 24, 2012. As permitted by applicable rules of certification, we 
excluded, solely to the extent it overlaps with internal control, EGU’s operations from our annual assessment of disclosure controls 
and procedures for the year ended December 31, 2012.

intErnal Controls ovEr finanCial rEportinG
Management, including the CEO and CFO, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting, and used the framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) to 
evaluate the effectiveness of our controls in 2012. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over 
financial reporting was effective as at December 31, 2012 and provided a reasonable assurance of the reliability of our financial 
reporting and preparation of the financial statements.

No matter how well it’s designed, however, any system of internal control has inherent limitations. Even systems determined to be 
effective can provide only reasonable assurance of the reliability of financial statement preparation and presentation.

For accounting purposes, we acquired control of EGU on February 24, 2012. As permitted by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and applicable 
rules related to business acquisitions, we excluded EGU’s operations from our annual assessment of internal controls over financial 
reporting for the year ended December 31, 2012. We are in the process of integrating EGU’s operations and will be expanding 
our internal control over financial reporting compliance program to include EGU over the next year. EGU’s operations represent 
$2,553.5 million of net assets, $48.7 million of consolidated revenues and $26.1 million of net loss as at and for the year ended 
December 31, 2012.

KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal 
control over financial reporting, and has expressed their opinion in their report included with our annual consolidated financial 
statements in Form 40-F.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     57

Management’s discussion and Analysis of  
Financial Condition and Results of operations

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2012 that have 
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

QualifiEd pErson
Except as otherwise noted, Norman Pitcher, P. Geo., the Company’s President, is the Qualified Person under NI 43-101 who approved 
the scientific or technical information contained in this MD&A and has verified the technical data disclosed in this document.

forward-looKinG information and risKs
This MD&A includes statements and information about what we expect to happen in the future. When we discuss our strategy, plans 
and future financial and operating performance, or other things that have not yet happened in this review, we are making statements 
considered to be forward-looking information or forward-looking statements under Canadian and United States securities laws. We refer 
to them in this document as forward-looking information.

Key things to understand about the forward-looking information in this document:

•  It typically includes words and phrases about the future, such as: plan, expect, forecast, intend, anticipate, believe, estimate, budget, 

scheduled, may, could, would, might, will, as well as the negative of these words and phrases.

•  Although it represents our current views, which we consider to be reasonable, we can give no assurance that the forward-looking 

information will prove to be accurate.

•  It is based on a number of assumptions, including things like the future price of gold, anticipated costs and spending, and our 

ability to achieve our goals.

•  It is also subject to the risks associated with our business, including
  –  the changing price of gold and currencies, 
  –  actual and estimated production and mineral reserves and resources,
  –  the speculative nature of gold exploration,
  –  risks associated with mining operations and development,
  –  regulatory and permitting risks,
  –  acquisition risks, and 
  –  other risks that are set out in our Annual Information Form.

•  If our assumptions prove to be incorrect or the risks materialize, our actual results and events may vary materially from what we 

currently expect.

We recommend that you review our Annual Information Form, which include a more detailed discussion of material risks that could 
cause actual results to differ significantly from our current expectations.

Forward-looking information is designed to help you understand management’s current views of our near and longer term prospects, 
and it may not be appropriate for other purposes. We will not necessarily update this information unless we are required to by 
securities laws.

58     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     59

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     59

Management’s Responsibility 
for Financial Reporting

The management of Eldorado Gold Corporation is responsible for the integrity and fair presentation of the financial information 
contained in this annual report. Where appropriate, the financial information, including financial statements, reflects amounts based 
on management’s best estimates and judgments. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Financial information presented elsewhere 
in the annual report is consistent with that disclosed in the financial statements.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Management 
has established and maintains a system of internal accounting control designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are 
safeguarded from loss or unauthorized use, financial information is reliable and accurate and transactions are properly recorded 
and executed in accordance with management’s authorization. This system includes established policies and procedures, the 
selection and training of qualified personnel and an organization providing for appropriate delegation of authority and segregation 
of responsibilities. Any system of internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations. 
Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement 
preparation and presentation. 

Management has a process in place to evaluate internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework. Based on 
this assessment, management has concluded that as at December 31, 2012, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting 
was effective.

The Board of Directors oversees management’s responsibility for financial reporting and internal control systems through an  
Audit Committee, which is composed entirely of independent directors. The Audit Committee meets periodically with management, 
the Company’s outside advisors and the independent auditors to review the scope and results of the annual audit and to review  
the financial statements and related financial reporting and internal control matters before the financial statements are approved  
by the Board of Directors and submitted to the Company’s shareholders.

KPMG, an independent registered public accounting firm, appointed by the shareholders, has audited the Company’s financial 
statements in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting 
Oversight Board (United States) and has expressed its opinion in the auditors’ report. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal 
control over financial reporting as at December 31, 2012 has also been audited by KPMG, and their opinion is included in their report.

Paul N. Wright 
Chief Executive Officer 

February 21, 2013
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 

Fabiana Chubbs
Chief Financial Officer

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     59
eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     59

 
 
Independent Auditors’ Report of  
Registered public Accounting Firm

to thE sharEholdErs and Board of dirECtors of Eldorado Gold Corporation 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Eldorado Gold Corporation, which comprise the consolidated 
balance sheets as at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the consolidated income statements, statements of comprehensive 
income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2012, and notes, 
comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and for such internal control 
as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditors’ Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits 
in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States). Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain 
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements. The procedures selected depend on our judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of 
the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, we consider internal control 
relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures 
that are appropriate in the circumstances. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the 
reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated 
financial statements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of 
Eldorado Gold Corporation as at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and its consolidated financial performance and its 
consolidated cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2012, in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Other Matter
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
Eldorado Gold Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on the criteria established  
in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(COSO), and our report dated February 21, 2013 expressed an unmodified (unqualified) opinion on the effectiveness of  
Eldorado Gold Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

Chartered Accountants 

Vancouver, Canada
February 21, 2013

60     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     61

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     61

Report of Independent Registered  
public Accounting Firm

to thE Board of dirECtors and sharEholdErs of Eldorado Gold Corporation

We have audited Eldorado Gold Corporation’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based 
on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial 
reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying 
Management’s Report on Controls and Procedures. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control 
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control 
over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating 
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain 
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets 
of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could 
have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes 
in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of  
December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

Eldorado Gold Corporation acquired European Goldfields Ltd. during 2012, and management excluded from its assessment of the 
effectiveness of Eldorado Gold Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, European Goldfields Ltd.’s  
internal control over financial reporting associated with total assets of $3,351,485,000 and total revenues of $48,701,000 included in 
the consolidated financial statements of Eldorado Gold Corporation and subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012. 
Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of Eldorado Gold Corporation also excluded an evaluation of the internal control 
over financial reporting of European Goldfields Ltd.

We also have audited, in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company 
Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2012 and  
December 31, 2011 and the related consolidated income statements, statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and 
cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2012, and our report dated February 21, 2013 expressed 
an unmodified (unqualified) opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

Chartered Accountants

Vancouver, Canada
February 21, 2013

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     61
eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     61

 
Consolidated  
Balance Sheets
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

($) 

Note 

December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Assets
Current assets
  Cash and cash equivalents 
  Restricted cash  
  Marketable securities  
  Accounts receivable and other 

Inventories 

Investments in significantly influenced companies 
Deferred income tax assets 
Restricted assets and other 
Defined benefit pension plan 
Property, plant and equipment 
Goodwill 

Liabilities & Equity
Current liabilities
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
  Current debt 

Debt 
Asset retirement obligations 
Defined benefit pension plan 
Deferred income tax liabilities 

Equity
  Share capital 
  Treasury stock 
  Contributed surplus 
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
  Retained earnings 
Total equity attributable to shareholders of the Company 
Attributable to non-controlling interests 

6 
7, 16 
8 
9 
10 

11 
19 
12 
18 
13 
14 

15 
16 

16 
17 
18 
19 

20 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors

Robert R. Gilmore 
Director 

Date of approval: February 21, 2013 

Paul N. Wright
Director

816,843  
241  
1,988  
112,324  
220,766  
1,152,162  
27,949  
3,149  
31,846  
4,571  
5,868,742  
839,710  
7,928,129  

224,567  
10,341  
234,908  
582,974  
79,971  
–  
816,941  
1,714,794  

5,300,957  
(7,445) 
65,382  
(24,535) 
594,876  
5,929,235  
284,100  
6,213,335  
7,928,129  

393,763
55,390
2,640
42,309
190,968
685,070
18,808
4,259
38,430
–
2,847,910
365,928
3,960,405

168,367
81,031
249,398
–
43,213
19,969
336,579
649,159

2,855,689
(4,018)
30,441
(10,069)
382,716
3,254,759
56,487
3,311,246
3,960,405

62     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     63

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated  
Income Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars except per share amounts)

For the year ended December 31 ($) 

Note 

2012 

2011

Revenue
Metal sales 

Cost of sales
Production costs 
Depreciation and amortization 

Gross profit 

Exploration expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Defined benefit pension plan expense 
Share based payments 
Acquisition costs 
Foreign exchange (gain) loss 
Operating profit 

Loss (gain) on disposal of assets 
Gain on marketable securities and other investments 
Loss on investments in significantly influenced companies 
Other income 
Asset retirement obligation accretion 
Interest and financing costs 
Profit before income tax 
Income tax expense 
Profit for the year 

Attributable to:
Shareholders of the Company 
Non-controlling interests 
Profit for the year 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding 
Basic 
Diluted 

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company 
Basic earnings per share  
Diluted earnings per share 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

28 

18 
21 
5 

17 
29 

19 

30

30

1,147,541  

1,103,737 

427,946  
113,529  
541,475 
606,066  

39,521  
70,135  
1,900  
21,794  
21,247  
(2,780) 
454,249  

509  
(176) 
5,627  
(6,870) 
1,842  
6,983  
446,334  
128,276  
318,058  

305,302  
12,756  
318,058  

689,007 
690,669 

0.44  
0.44  

346,484 
122,414 
468,898 
634,839 

30,773 
59,239 
2,088 
19,722 
–
5,367 
517,650 

(2,729)
(664)
4,225 
(2,869)
1,546 
5,331 
512,810 
165,587 
347,223 

318,662 
28,561 
347,223 

549,791
551,625

0.58 
0.58 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     63
eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements  
of Comprehensive Income
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

For the year ended December 31 ($) 

Note 

2012 

2011

Profit for the year 

318,058  

347,223

Other comprehensive loss:
Change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets (net of income taxes of nil and $12) 
Realized gains on disposal of available-for-sale financial assets transferred to net income 
Actuarial losses on defined benefit pension plans 
Total other comprehensive loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income for the year 

18 

Attributable to:
Shareholders of the Company 
Non-controlling interests 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

(1,429) 
(56) 
(12,981) 
(14,466) 
303,592  

290,836  
12,756  
303,592  

(977)
(794)
(6,661)
(8,432)
338,791

310,230
28,561
338,791

64     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     65

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the year ended December 31 ($) 

Cash flows generated from (used in):

Operating activities
Profit for the year 
Items not affecting cash
Asset retirement obligation accretion 
Depreciation and amortization 
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss 
Deferred income tax (recovery) expense  
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets 
Loss on investment in significantly influenced companies 
Gain on marketable securities and other investments 
Share based payments 
Defined benefit pension plan expense 

Changes in non-cash working capital 

Investing activities
Net cash received on acquisition of subsidiary 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment 
Proceeds on pre-production sales 
Purchase of marketable securities 
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities 
Funding of non-registered supplemental retirement plan investments, net 
Investments in significantly influenced companies 
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash 

Financing activities
Issuance of common shares for cash 
Dividend paid to non-controlling interests 
Dividend paid to shareholders 
Purchase of treasury stock 
Long-term and bank debt proceeds 
Long-term and bank debt repayments 
Loan financing costs 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents – end of year 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated Statements  
of Cash Flows
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

Note 

2012 

2011

318,058  

347,223 

22 

5 

1,842  
113,529  
(1,072) 
(14,311) 
509  
5,627  
(176) 
21,794  
1,900  
447,700  
(152,472) 
295,228  

18,789  
(426,174) 
859  
54,705  
– 
1,270  
14,486  
(14,768) 
55,149  
(295,684) 

22,145  
(9,399) 
(93,142) 
(6,830) 
650,000  
(120,430) 
(18,808) 
423,536  
423,080  
393,763  
816,843  

1,546 
122,414 
6,500 
1,804 
(2,729)
4,225 
(664)
19,722 
2,088 
502,129 
9,948 
512,077 

–
(272,818)
147 
–
(1,823)
8,154 
(7,045)
(16,830)
(2,957)
(293,172)

31,600 
(8,095)
(61,167)
(6,438)
5,782 
(98,169)
(2,999)
(139,486)
79,419 
314,344 
393,763

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     65
eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements  
of Changes in equity
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

For the year ended December 31 ($) 

Note 

2012 

2011

Share capital 
Balance beginning of year 
  Shares issued upon exercise of share options, for cash 
  Transfer of contributed surplus on exercise of options 
  Shares issued on acquisition of European Goldfields Ltd. 
  Transfer of contributed surplus on exercise of deferred phantom units 
  Shares issued upon exercise of warrants, for cash  
Balance end of year 

Treasury stock
Balance beginning of year 
  Purchase of treasury stock 
  Shares redeemed upon exercise of restricted share units 
Balance end of year 

Contributed surplus
Balance beginning of year 
  Share based payments 
  Shares redeemed upon exercise of restricted share units 
  Options issued on acquisition of European Goldfields Ltd. 
  Deferred phantom units granted on acquisition of 
  European Goldfields Ltd.
  Transfer to share capital on exercise of options and deferred phantom units 
Balance end of year 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance beginning of year 
  Other comprehensive loss for the year 
Balance end of year 

Retained earnings
Balance beginning of year 
  Dividends paid 
  Profit attributable to shareholders of the Company 
Balance end of year 
Total equity attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Non-controlling interests
Balance beginning of year 
  Profit attributable to non-controlling interests 
  Dividends declared to non-controlling interests 
  Acquired non-controlling interest 
Balance end of year 

2,855,689  
22,145  
23,221  
2,380,140  
19,762  
– 
5,300,957  

2,814,679 
30,115 
9,410 
–
–
1,485 
2,855,689 

(4,018) 
(6,830) 
3,403  
(7,445) 

30,441  
21,092  
(3,403) 
31,130  
29,105  

(42,983) 
65,382  

(10,069) 
(14,466) 
(24,535) 

382,716  
(93,142) 
305,302  
594,876  
5,929,235  

56,487  
12,756  
(9,399) 
224,256  
284,100  

–
(6,438)
2,420 
(4,018)

22,967 
19,304 
(2,420)
–
– 

(9,410)
30,441 

(1,637)
(8,432)
(10,069)

125,221 
(61,167)
318,662 
382,716 
3,254,759 

36,021 
28,561 
(8,095)
–
56,487 

5 

5 
5 

5 

Total equity 

6,213,335  

3,311,246 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

66     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     67

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

1. General Information

Eldorado Gold Corporation (“Eldorado” or the “Company”) is a gold exploration, development, mining and production company.  
The Company has ongoing exploration and development projects in Turkey, China, Greece, Brazil and Romania. The Company acquired 
control of European Goldfields Ltd. (“EGU”) in February 2012, including its producing mine, Stratoni, and development projects, 
Olympias and Skouries, in Greece and its development project, Certej, in Romania.

Eldorado is a public company which is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange and is incorporated  
and domiciled in Canada.

2. Basis of Preparation

These consolidated financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared using accounting policies in compliance  
with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on February 21, 2013.

upCominG ChanGEs in aCCountinG standards
The following standards and amendments to existing standards have been published and are mandatory for Eldorado’s annual 
accounting periods beginning January 1, 2013, or later periods:

•  IAS 19 ‘Employee Benefits’ – On June 16, 2011, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) published a revised version  
of IAS 19. The revised IAS 19 (“IAS 19R”) represents IASB’s effort to improve the accounting for employee retirement benefits.  
The revisions include:

  –   Requirement to recognize past service costs immediately in net income rather than using the corridor method.
  –   Requirement to recognize actuarial gains and losses immediately in other comprehensive income OCI. Previously, companies had 

the option of recognizing actuarial gains and losses through OCI immediately or via use of the corridor method.

  –   Requirement that expected return on plan assets be calculated based on the rate used to discount the defined benefit obligation 

which is based on high quality bond yields. Previously, equity returns were incorporated into the expected return on plan assets.

  –   Requirement for more disclosure relating to the characteristics and risks of the amounts in the financial statements regarding 

defined benefit plans, including the timing and uncertainty of the entity’s cash flows.

  The revised IAS 19 will be applicable for reporting periods starting on or after January 1, 2013 with retrospective application. If the 

standard had been effective January 1, 2012, defined benefits expense for the Company would have been reduced by $294.

•  IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments: Classification and Measurement’ – This is the first part of a new standard on classification and 

measurement of financial assets that will replace IAS 39, ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’. IFRS 9 has two 
measurement categories: amortized cost and fair value. All equity instruments are measured at fair value. A debt instrument is 
recorded at amortized cost only if the entity is holding it to collect contractual cash flows and the cash flows represent principal 
and interest. Otherwise it is measured at fair value with changes in fair value through profit or loss. In addition, this new standard 
has been updated to include guidance on financial liabilities and derecognition of financial instruments. This standard is effective 
for years beginning on or after January 1, 2015. The extent of the impact of adoption of IFRS 9 has not yet been determined.

•  IFRS 10 ‘Consolidated Financial Statements’ – IFRS 10 establishes control as the basis for an investor to consolidate its investee; it 

defines control as an investor’s power over the investee with exposure, or rights, to variable returns from the investee and the ability 
to affect the investor’s return through its power over the investee. This standard is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 
2013. The Company does not expect the adoption of IFRS 10 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

•  IFRS 11 ‘Joint Arrangements’ – This standard replaces the guidance in IAS 31 ‘Interests in Joint Ventures’. Under IFRS 11, joint 

arrangements are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures. Joint ventures entities are now accounted for using the 
equity method. 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     67
eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     67

notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

2. Basis of Preparation (CONTINUED)

 Upon application of IFRS 11, entities which had previously accounted for joint ventures using proportionate consolidation will 
collapse the proportionately consolidated net asset value into a single investment balance at the beginning of the earliest period 
presented. The investment’s opening balance is tested for impairment in accordance with IAS 28 and IAS 36 ‘Impairment of Assets’.

 Any impairment losses identified on adoption of the new standard are recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings  
at the beginning of the earliest period presented. The Company intends to adopt IFRS 11 in its financial statements for the  
annual period beginning on January 1, 2013 and does not expect its adoption to have a material impact on the consolidated 
financial statements.

•  IFRS 12 ‘Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities’ – This IFRS shall be applied by companies with an interest in subsidiaries, joint 
arrangements, associates or unconsolidated structured entities. The application of this standard intends to enable users of the 
financial statements to evaluate the nature of and risks associated with its interests in other entities, and the effects of those 
interests on its financial position, financial performance and cash flows. Companies will be required to disclose information about 
significant judgments and assumptions made in determining the control of another entity, the joint control of an arrangement or 
significant influence over another entity and the type of joint arrangement when the arrangement has been structured through 
a separate vehicle. This standard is effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company does not expect the 
adoption of IFRS 12 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

•  IFRS 13 ‘Fair value measurement’ – Aims to improve consistency and reduce complexity by providing a precise definition of fair 

value and a single source of fair value measurement and disclosure requirements for use across IFRS. The requirements do not 
extend the use of fair value accounting but provide guidance on how it should be applied where its use is already required or 
permitted by other standards within IFRS. The Company does not expect the adoption of IFRS 13 to have a material impact on the 
consolidated financial statements.

•  IFRIC 20 ‘Stripping costs in the production phase of a surface mine’ – This interpretation applies to waste removal costs that are 
incurred in open pit mining activity during the production phase of the mine. Recognition of a stripping activity asset requires 
the asset to be related to an identifiable component of the ore body. Stripping costs that relate to inventory produced should 
be accounted for as a current production cost in accordance with IAS 2, ‘Inventories’. Stripping costs that generate a benefit of 
improved access and meet the definition of an asset should be accounted for as an addition to an existing asset. Existing stripping 
costs on the balance sheet at transition that do not relate to a specific ore body should be written off to opening retained earnings. 
The stripping activity asset shall be depreciated on a systematic basis, over the expected useful life of the identified component of 
the ore body that becomes more accessible as a result of the stripping activity. This interpretation is effective for years beginning 
on or after January 1, 2013. The Company does not expect the adoption of IFRIC 20 to have a material impact on the consolidated 
financial statements as the Company currently applies comparable principles to those found in this interpretation.

•  There are no other IFRS or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have a material impact on  

the Company.

3. Significant Accounting Policies

The principal accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all years presented in these consolidated financial 
statements, and have been applied consistently by Eldorado entities.

3.1  Basis of prEsEntation and prinCiplEs of Consolidation

(i)  Subsidiaries and Business Combinations

 Subsidiaries are entities controlled by Eldorado. Control exists when Eldorado has the power to govern the financial and 
operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. In assessing control, potential voting rights that 
currently are exercisable are taken into account. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated 
financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases.

68     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     69

 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

 The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for business acquisitions. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the 
fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange. Identifiable 
assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are generally measured initially at 
their fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any non-controlling interest.

 The excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of Eldorado’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded 
as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets acquired, the difference, or gain is recognised 
directly in the income statement.

 Transaction costs, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, which the Company incurs in 
connection with a business combination, are expensed as incurred.

 The most significant wholly owned and partially owned subsidiaries of Eldorado, are presented below:

Subsidiary 

Location 

Ownership 
Interest 

Status 

Operations and Development 
Projects Owned

Tüprag Metal Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret AS (“Tüprag”) 

Turkey 

100% 

Consolidated 

Unamgen Mineração e Metalurgia S/A  
Qinghai Dachaidan Mining Ltd (“QDML”) 
Thracean Gold Mining SA 
Sino Guizhou Jinfeng Mining Limited 
Sino Gold Jilin BMZ Mining Limited 
Heihe Rockmining Limited 
Brazauro Resources Corporation (“Brazauro”) 
Hellas Gold SA (“Hellas”) 

Brazil 
China 
Greece 
China 
China 
China 
Brazil 
Greece 

100% 
90% 
100% 
82% 
95% 
95% 
100% 
95% 

Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 

Deva Gold SA (“Deva”) 

Romania 

80% 

Consolidated 

Kişladağ Mine 
Efemçukuru Mine
Vila Nova Iron Ore Mine
TJS Mine
Perama Hill Project
Jinfeng Mine
White Mountain Mine
Eastern Dragon Project
Tocantinzinho Project
Stratoni Mine 
Olympias Project 
Skouries Project
Certej Project

(ii)  Investments in Associates (Equity Accounted for Investees)

 Associates are those entities where Eldorado has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the financial 
and operating policies. Significant influence is presumed to exist when the Company holds between 20 and 50 percent of the 
voting power of another entity. Joint ventures are those entities over whose activities the Company has joint control, established 
by contractual agreement and requiring unanimous consent for strategic financial and operating decisions.

 Associates and jointly controlled entities are accounted for using the equity method (equity accounted investees) and are 
recognized initially at cost. The consolidated financial statements include Eldorado’s share of the income and expenses and equity 
movements of equity accounted investees, after adjustments to align the accounting policies with those of Eldorado, from the date 
that significant influence or joint control commences until the date that significant influence or joint control ceases.

 When the Company’s share of losses exceeds its interest in an equity accounted investee, the carrying amount of that interest 
(including any long-term investments) is reduced to nil and the recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent 
that the Company has an obligation to make, or has made, payments on behalf of the investee.

 At each balance sheet date, the investment in associates is assessed for indicators of impairment.

(iii)  Transactions with Non-Controlling Interests

 Eldorado treats transactions with non-controlling interests as transactions with third parties. For purchases from non-controlling 
interests, the difference between any consideration paid and the relevant share of the carrying value of net assets of the 
subsidiary acquired is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity.

(iv)  Transactions Eliminated on Consolidation

 Intra-company and intercompany balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and expenses arising from all such 
transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

3. Significant Accounting Policies (CONTINUED)

3.2  forEiGn CurrEnCy translation

(i)   Functional and Presentation Currency

 Items included in the financial statements of each of Eldorado’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary 
economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The consolidated financial statements are 
presented in US dollars, which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency, as well as the functional currency  
of all significant subsidiaries.

(ii)   Transactions and Balances

 Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of 
the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are translated to the 
functional currency at the exchange rate at that date. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such 
transactions, and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, are recognised in the 
income statement.

3.3  propErty, plant and EQuipmEnt

(i)  Cost and Valuation

 Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment in value. When an asset is 
disposed of, it is derecognized and the difference between its carrying value and net sales proceeds is recognized as a gain or 
loss in the income statement.

(ii)  Property, Plant and Equipment

 Property, plant and equipment include expenditures incurred on properties under development, significant payments related to 
the acquisition of land and mineral rights and property, plant and equipment which are recorded at cost on initial acquisition. 
Cost includes the purchase price and the directly attributable costs of acquisition or construction required to bring an asset to 
the location and condition necessary for the asset to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

(iii)  Depreciation

 Mine development costs, property, plant and equipment and other mining assets whose estimated useful life is the same as the 
remaining life of the mine are depreciated, depleted and amortized over a mine’s estimated life using the units-of-production 
method calculated based on proven and probable reserves.

 Capitalized development costs related to a multi-pit operation are amortized on a pit-by-pit basis over the pit’s estimated life 
using the units-of-production method calculated based on proven and probable reserves related to each pit.

 Property, plant and equipment and other assets whose estimated useful lives are less than the remaining life of the mine are 
depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the assets.

 Where components of an asset have a different useful life and cost that is significant to the total cost of the asset, depreciation 
is calculated on each separate component.

 Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at the end of each year and adjusted if appropriate.

(iv)  Subsequent Costs

 Expenditure on major maintenance or repairs includes the cost of replacement parts of assets and overhaul costs. Where 
an asset or part of an asset is replaced and it is probable that further future economic benefit will flow to the Company, the 
expenditure is capitalized. Similarly, overhaul costs associated with major maintenance are capitalized when it is probable that 
future economic benefit will flow to the Company and any remaining costs of previous overhauls relating to the same asset are 
derecognized. All other expenditures are expensed as incurred.

70     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

(v)  Deferred Stripping Costs

 Stripping costs incurred during the production phase of a mine are considered production costs and included in the cost of 
inventory produced during the period in which the stripping costs are incurred, unless the stripping activity can be shown to be 
a betterment of the mineral property, in which case the stripping costs are capitalized. Betterment occurs when stripping activity 
increases future output of the mine by providing access to additional reserves. Stripping costs incurred to prepare the ore body 
for extraction are capitalized as mine development costs (pre-stripping). Capitalized stripping costs are amortized on  
a unit-of-production basis over the economically recoverable proven and probable reserves to which they relate.

(vi)  Borrowing Costs

 Borrowing costs are expensed as incurred except where they are directly attributable to the financing of construction or 
development of qualifying assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use. Interest is 
capitalized up to the date when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use are complete.

 Investment income arising on the temporary investment of proceeds from borrowings is offset against borrowing costs  
being capitalized.

(vii) Mine Standby and Restructuring Costs

 Mine standby costs and costs related to restructuring a mining operation are charged directly to expense in the period  
incurred. Mine standby costs include labour, maintenance and mine support costs during temporary shutdowns of a mine. 
Restructuring costs include severance payments to employees laid off as a result of outsourcing the mining function.

3.4  Exploration and Evaluation ExpEnditurEs
Exploration expenditures reflect the costs related to the initial search for mineral deposits with economic potential or obtaining 
more information about existing mineral deposits. Exploration expenditures typically include costs associated with the acquisition 
of mineral licenses, prospecting, sampling, mapping, diamond drilling and other work involved in searching for ore. All expenditures 
relating to exploration activities are expensed as incurred except for the costs associated with the acquisition of mineral licenses 
which are capitalized.

Evaluation expenditures reflect costs incurred at development projects related to establishing the technical and commercial viability 
of developing mineral deposits identified through exploration or acquired through a business combination or asset acquisition.

Evaluation expenditures include the cost of:

i) 

 establishing the volume and grade of deposits through drilling of core samples, trenching and sampling activities in an ore 
body that is classified as either a mineral resource or a proven and probable reserve;
 determining the optimal methods of extraction and metallurgical and treatment processes;

ii) 
iii)   studies related to surveying, transportation and infrastructure requirements;
iv)   permitting activities; and

  v) 

 economic evaluations to determine whether development of the mineralized material is commercially justified, including 
scoping, prefeasibility and final feasibility studies.

Evaluation expenditures and the subsequent mine development costs are capitalized if management determines that there is 
sufficient evidence to support probability of generating positive economic returns in the future. A mineral resource is considered to 
have economic potential when it is expected the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extraction of the mineral resource 
is demonstrable considering long-term metal prices. Therefore, prior to capitalizing such costs, management determines that the 
following conditions have been met:

•  There is a probable future benefit that will contribute to future cash inflows;
•  The Company can obtain the benefit and control access to it; and
•  The transaction or event giving rise to the benefit has already occurred.

Expenditures incurred on development projects continue to be capitalized until the mine and mill commences commercial 
production. Alternatively, if the factors that impact the technical feasibility and commercial viability of a project change and no 
longer support the probability of generating positive economic returns in the future, expenditures will no longer be capitalized.

Expenditures incurred on extensions of mineral properties which are already being mined or developed that increase production 
volume or extend the life of those properties are also capitalized. The criteria for determining whether expenditures on extensions 
of mineral properties are capitalized are the same as those presented for capitalizing evaluation expenditures and subsequent mine 
development costs. Capitalized expenditures are assessed for potential impairment at the end of each reporting period.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

3. Significant Accounting Policies (CONTINUED)

3.5  Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of Eldorado’s share of the net assets of the acquired 
business at the date of acquisition. When the excess is negative (negative goodwill), it is recognized immediately in income. Goodwill 
on acquisition of subsidiaries and businesses is shown separately as goodwill in the financial statements. Goodwill on acquisition of 
associates is included in investments in significantly influenced companies and tested for impairment as part of the overall investment.

Goodwill is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses and tested annually for impairment. Impairment losses on goodwill 
are not reversed. The impairment testing is performed annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that it may be impaired.

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units for the purpose of impairment testing. The allocation is made to those cash-generating 
units or groups of cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which the goodwill arose. If 
the composition of one or more cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated changes due to a re-organization, the 
goodwill is re-allocated to the units affected.

The gain or loss on disposal of an entity includes the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold.

Acquisitions prior to January 1, 2010
On transition to IFRS, Eldorado elected to restate only those business combinations that occurred on or after January 1, 2010.  
In respect of acquisitions prior to January 1, 2010, goodwill represents the amount recognized under Eldorado’s previous accounting 
framework, Canadian GAAP.

3.6  impairmEnt of non-finanCial assEts
Other long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount 
may not be recoverable. An impairment test is performed when the impairment indicators demonstrate that the carrying amount may 
not be recoverable and it is reviewed at least annually.

An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable 
amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less cost to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets 
are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash generating units, or ‘CGU’s). These are 
typically the individual mines or development projects.

Value in use is determined as the present value of the future cash flows expected to be derived from an asset or CGU based on 
the detailed mine and/or production plans. The estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax 
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.

Fair value less cost to sell is the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset or CGU in an arm’s length transaction between 
knowledgeable, willing parties, less the costs of disposal. For mining assets, fair value less cost to sell is often estimated using 
a discounted cash flow approach because a fair value is not readily available from an active market or binding sale agreement. 
Estimated future cash flows are calculated using estimated future prices, mineral reserves and resources, operating and capital costs. 
All assumptions used are those that an independent market participant would consider appropriate. Non-financial assets other than 
goodwill impaired in prior periods are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment when events or changes in circumstances 
indicate that an item is no longer impaired.

3.7  finanCial assEts

(i)  Classification

 The Company classifies its financial assets in the following categories: at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables, 
and available-for-sale. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired. Management 
determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition.

72     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     73

 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

(a) 

 Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
 Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets held for trading. A financial asset is classified in this 
category if acquired principally for the purpose of selling in the short-term. Derivatives are also categorised as held for 
trading unless they are designated as hedges.

(b)  Loans and receivables

 Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an 
active market. They are included in current assets, except for those with maturities of greater than 12 months after the end 
of the reporting period, which are classified as non-current assets. Eldorado’s loans and receivables comprise cash and cash 
equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and other, and restricted assets and other in the balance sheet.

(c)   Available-for-sale financial assets

 Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivative financial assets that are either designated in this category or not 
classified in any of the other categories. They are included in non-current assets unless the investment matures or 
management intends to dispose of it within 12 months of the end of the reporting period. Eldorado’s available-for-sale 
financial assets comprise marketable securities not held for the purpose of trading.

(ii)  Recognition and Measurement

 Financial assets are initially recognised at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value 
through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognised at fair value, and 
transaction costs are expensed in the income statement. Financial assets are derecognised when the rights to receive cash flows 
from the investments have expired or have been transferred and the Company has transferred substantially all risks and rewards 
of ownership.

 Available-for-sale financial assets and financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are subsequently carried at fair value. 
Loans and receivables are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of the ‘financial assets at fair value through profit or loss’ category are 
presented in the income statement within ‘Gain or loss on marketable securities’ in the period in which they arise. Dividend 
income from ‘financial assets at fair value through profit or loss’ is recognised in the income statement as part of other income 
when Eldorado’s right to receive payments is established.

 Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of available-for-sale financial assets are recognized in other 
comprehensive income and presented within equity. When marketable securities classified as available-for-sale are sold or 
impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments recognised in other comprehensive income are included in the income 
statement as ‘Gain or loss on marketable securities’.

(iii)  Impairment of Financial Assets

 The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or group 
of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired and impairment losses are incurred only 
if there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the 
asset (a ‘loss event’) and that loss event (or events) has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or 
group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.

 An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortized cost is calculated as the difference between its carrying 
amount, and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate. An impairment 
loss in respect of an available-for-sale financial asset is calculated by reference to its fair value. In the case of equity instruments 
classified as available-for-sale, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is also evidence 
that the assets are impaired. If any such evidence exists for available-for-sale financial assets, the cumulative loss – measured as 
the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset that was 
previously recognized in profit or loss – is removed from equity and recognized in the income statement.

 All impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. Any cumulative loss in respect of an available-for-sale financial asset 
recognized previously in equity is transferred to profit or loss. An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related 
objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. Impairment losses recognized for equity securities 
are not reversed.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

3. Significant Accounting Policies (CONTINUED)

3.8  dErivativE finanCial instrumEnts
Derivatives are recognized initially at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into. Subsequent to initial recognition, 
derivatives are measured at fair value, and changes in fair value thereafter are recognized in profit and loss. Fair values for derivative 
instruments are determined using valuation techniques, using assumptions based on market conditions existing at the balance sheet 
date. Derivatives are not accounted for using hedge accounting.

3.9  invEntoriEs
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location 
and condition are accounted for as follows:

i) 

 Product inventory consists of stockpiled ore, ore on leach pads, crushed ore, in-circuit material at properties with milling or 
processing operations, gold concentrate, other metal concentrate, iron ore stockpile awaiting shipment, doré awaiting refinement 
and unsold bullion. Product inventory costs consist of direct production costs including mining, crushing and processing; site 
administration costs; and allocated indirect costs, including depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment.

 Inventory costs are charged to production costs on the basis of quantity of metal sold. The Company regularly evaluates and 
refines estimates used in determining the costs charged to production costs and costs absorbed into inventory carrying values 
based upon actual gold recoveries and operating plans.

 Net realizable value is the estimated selling price, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses.

ii) 

 Materials and supplies inventory consists of consumables used in operations, such as fuel, chemicals, reagents and spare parts, 
which are valued at the lower of average cost and net realisable value and, where appropriate, less a provision for obsolescence. 
Costs include acquisition, freight and other directly attributable costs.

3.10  tradE rECEivaBlEs
Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for bullion, doré or iron ore sold in the ordinary course of business.

Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method, less a provision for impairment where necessary.

3.11  Cash and Cash EQuivalEnts
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with 
maturities at the date of acquisition of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in 
current liabilities on the balance sheet.

3.12  sharE Capital
Common shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of common shares and share options are 
recognized as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects. Common shares held by the Company are classified as treasury stock 
and recorded as a reduction of shareholders’ equity.

3.13  tradE payaBlEs
Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. 
Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the 
business if longer). If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities.

Trade payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

74     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     75

 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

3.14  dEBt and BorrowinGs
Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently carried at amortised 
cost, calculated using the effective interest rate method. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the 
redemption value is recognised in the income statement over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities and other borrowings are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent 
that it is probable that some or all of the facility and other borrowings will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the 
draw-down occurs. To the extent there is no evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facility and borrowings will be drawn 
down, the fee is capitalised as a pre-payment for liquidity services and amortised over the period of the loan to which it relates.

3.15  CurrEnt and dEfErrEd inComE tax
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in the income statement except to the 
extent that it relates to items recognized either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in 
other comprehensive income or in equity, respectively.

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the 
reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. Taxes on income in the interim periods are accrued using 
the tax rate that would be applicable to expected total annual earnings. The tax rate used is the rate that is substantively enacted.

Deferred income tax is recognised, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and 
liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred income tax is not accounted for 
if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the 
transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that 
have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred income 
tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.

A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which  
the temporary difference can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent  
that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

3.16  EmployEE BEnEfits

(i)   Defined Benefit Plans

 Certain employees have entitlements under Company pension plans which are defined benefit pension plans. For defined benefit 
plans, the level of benefit provided is based on the length of service and earnings of the person entitled.

 The cost of the defined benefit plan is determined using the projected unit credit method. The related pension liability 
recognized in the consolidated balance sheet is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date 
less the fair value of plan assets.

 The Company obtains actuarial valuations for defined benefit plans for each balance sheet date. Actuarial assumptions used in 
the determination of defined benefit pension plan liabilities are based on best estimates, including discount rates, rate of salary 
escalation and expected retirement dates of employees. The expected long-term rate of return on assets is estimated based on 
the fair value of plan assets, asset allocation and expected long-term rates of return.

 Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the period in which they occur in other comprehensive income without 
recycling to the statement of income in subsequent periods. Current service cost, the vested element of any past service cost, 
the expected return on plan assets and the interest arising on the pension liability are included in the same line items in the 
statement of income as the related compensation cost.

 Past service costs are recognized immediately to the extent the benefits are vested, and otherwise are amortized on a straight-line 
basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     75

 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

3. Significant Accounting Policies (CONTINUED)

(ii)  Termination Benefits

 Eldorado recognizes termination benefits when it is demonstrably committed to either terminating the employment of current 
employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal, or providing benefits as a result of an offer 
made to encourage voluntary termination. Benefits falling due more than twelve months after the end of the reporting period 
are discounted to their present value.

(iii)  Short-term Benefits

 Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is 
provided. A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus or profit-sharing plans if 
Eldorado has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee 
and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

3.17  sharE-BasEd paymEnt transaCtions
The Company applies the fair value method of accounting for all stock option awards and equity settled restricted share units. Under 
this method the Company recognizes a compensation expense for all stock options awarded to employees, based on the fair value of 
the options on the date of grant which is determined by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For equity settled restricted 
share units, compensation expense is recognized based on the quoted market value of the shares.

The fair value of the options and restricted share units are expensed over the vesting period of the awards with a corresponding 
increase in equity. No expense is recognized for awards that do not ultimately vest. Deferred share units are liability awards recorded 
at the quoted market price at the grant date. The corresponding liability is marked to market at each reporting date.

3.18  provisions
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be 
estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. They are 
determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time 
value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

(i)  Rehabilitation and Restoration

 Provision is made for mine rehabilitation and restoration when an obligation is incurred. The provision is recognised as a 
liability with a corresponding asset recognised in relation to the mine site. At each reporting date the rehabilitation liability is 
re-measured in line with changes in discount rates, and timing or amount of the costs to be incurred. The rehabilitation liability 
is classified as an ‘Asset retirement obligation’ on the balance sheet.

 The provision recognised represents management’s best estimate of the present value of the future costs required. Significant 
estimates and assumptions are made in determining the amount of restoration and rehabilitation provisions. Those estimates 
and assumptions deal with uncertainties such as: requirements of the relevant legal and regulatory frameworks, the magnitude 
of necessary remediation activities and the timing, extent and costs of required restoration and rehabilitation activity.

 These uncertainties may result in future actual expenditure differing from the amounts currently provided. The provision 
recognised is periodically reviewed and updated based on the facts and circumstances available at the time. Changes to 
the estimated future costs for operating sites are recognised in the balance sheet by adjusting both the restoration and 
rehabilitation asset and provision. Such changes give rise to a change in future depreciation and financial charges.

3.19  rEvEnuE rECoGnition
Revenue from the sale of bullion, doré, gold concentrate, other metal concentrates and iron ore is recognized when persuasive 
evidence of an arrangement exists, the bullion, doré, metal concentrates and iron ore has been shipped, title has passed to the 
purchaser, the price is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. Revenues realized from sales of pre-commercial 
production are recorded as a reduction of property, plant and equipment.

76     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     77

 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

Our metal concentrates are sold under pricing arrangements where final metal prices are determined by market prices subsequent 
to the date of shipment. Provisional revenue is recorded at date of shipment based on metal prices at that time. Adjustments are 
made to the provisional revenue in subsequent periods based on fluctuations in the market prices until date of final metal pricing. 
Consequently, at each reporting period the receivable balances relating to sales of concentrates changes with the fluctuations in 
market prices.

3.20  finanCE inComE and ExpEnsEs
Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested (including available-for-sale financial assets), gains on the disposal of 
available-for-sale financial assets and changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. Interest income 
is recognized as it accrues in profit or loss, using the effective interest method.

Finance expenses comprise interest expense on borrowings, unwinding of the discount on provisions, changes in the fair value of 
financial assets at fair value through profit or loss and impairment losses recognized on financial assets. All borrowing costs are 
recognized in profit or loss using the effective interest method, except for those amounts capitalized as part of the cost of qualifying 
property, plant and equipment.

3.21  EarninGs pEr sharE
Eldorado presents basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) data for its common shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the 
profit or loss attributable to common shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to common shareholders and the weighted 
average number of common shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares, which comprise warrants and 
share options granted to employees.

4. Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, estimates and 
assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. 
Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed at each period end. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the 
period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates include assumptions and estimates relating to determining defined 
proven and probable reserves, value beyond proven and probable reserves, fair values for purposes of purchase price allocations for 
business acquisitions, asset impairment analysis, asset retirement obligations, share-based payments and warrants, pension benefits, 
valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets, the provision for income tax liabilities, deferred income taxes and assessing and 
evaluating contingencies.

Actual results could differ from these estimates. Outlined below are some of the areas which require management to make 
judgments, estimates and assumptions in determining carrying values.

purChasE priCE alloCation
Business combinations require judgment and estimates to be made at the date of acquisition in relation to determining asset and 
liability fair values and the allocation of the purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

In respect of mining company acquisitions, such as the acquisition of EGU in February 2012, purchase consideration is typically 
allocated to the mineral reserves and resources being acquired. The estimate of reserves and resources is subject to assumptions 
relating to life of the mine and may change when new information becomes available. Changes in reserves and resources as a result 
of factors such as production costs, recovery rates, grade or reserves or commodity prices could impact depreciation rates, asset 
carrying values and environmental and restoration provisions. Changes in assumptions over long-term commodity prices, market 
demand and supply, and economic and regulatory climates could also impact the carrying value of assets, including goodwill.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     77

notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

4. Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements (CONTINUED)

EstimatEd rECovEraBlE rEsErvEs and rEsourCEs
Mineral reserve and resource estimates are based on various assumptions relating to operating matters, including, with respect to 
production costs, mining and processing recoveries, cut-off grades, as well as assumptions relating to long-term commodity prices 
and, in some cases, exchange rates, inflation rates and capital costs. Cost estimates are based on feasibility study estimates or 
operating history. Estimates are prepared by appropriately qualified persons, but will be impacted by forecasted commodity prices, 
inflation rates, exchange rates, capital and production costs and recoveries amongst other factors. Estimated recoverable reserves and 
resources are used to determine the depreciation of property, plant and equipment at operating mine sites, in accounting for deferred 
stripping costs, in performing impairment testing and for forecasting the timing of the payment of decommissioning and restoration 
costs. Therefore, changes in the assumptions used could impact the carrying value of assets, depreciation and impairment charges 
recorded in the income statement and the carrying value of the decommissioning and restoration provision.

CurrEnt and dEfErrEd taxEs
The Company calculates current and deferred tax provisions for each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. Actual amounts of 
income tax expense are not final until tax returns are filed and accepted by the relevant authorities. This occurs subsequent to the 
issuance of financial statements. Therefore, profit in subsequent periods will be affected by the amount that estimates differ from the 
final tax return.

Judgment is required in assessing whether deferred tax assets and certain deferred tax liabilities are recognized on the balance 
sheet. The Company also evaluates the recoverability of deferred tax assets based on an assessment of the ability to use the 
underlying future tax deductions before they expire against future taxable income. Deferred tax liabilities arising from temporary 
differences on investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates are recognized unless the reversal of the temporary 
differences is not expected to occur in the foreseeable future and can be controlled. Assumptions about the generation of future 
taxable profits and repatriation of retained earnings depend on management’s estimates of future production and sales volumes, 
commodity prices, reserves, operating costs, decommissioning and restoration costs, capital expenditures, dividends and other capital 
management transactions.

Judgement is also required in the application of income tax legislation. These estimates and judgments are subject to risk and 
uncertainty and could result in an adjustment to current and deferred tax provisions and a corresponding credit or debit to profit.

5. Acquisition of European Goldfields Ltd.

On February 24, 2012 the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of EGU. Under the terms of the Arrangement 
former EGU shareholders received 0.85 of an Eldorado common share and C$0.0001 in cash for each EGU share. Eldorado issued 
157,959,316 common shares pursuant to the Arrangement. EGU holds a 95% stake in the Kassandra Mines district in Greece, which is 
comprised of the Stratoni Mine, and the Olympias and Skouries development projects, and an 80% stake in the Certej development 
project in Romania.

The Company acquired EGU to increase its presence in the Aegean region and leverage local operating knowledge and expertise.

The goodwill of $473,782 resulting from the acquisition arises mainly on the recognition of deferred income tax liabilities and  
non-controlling interests and represents, among other things, the exploration potential within the assets acquired and future 
variability in the price of minerals. None of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.

In April 2007, Hellas Gold (“Hellas”), a subsidiary of EGU, agreed to sell to Silver Wheaton (Caymans) Ltd. (“Silver Wheaton”) all of the 
silver metal to be produced from ore extracted during the mine-life within an area of approximately seven square kilometres around 
the Stratoni mine up to 15 million ounces, or 20 million ounces if additional silver is processed through the Stratoni mill from areas 
other than the current producing mine. The sale was made in consideration of a prepayment to Hellas of $57.5 million in cash, plus 
a payment per ounce of payable silver equal to the lesser of $3.90 and the prevailing market price per ounce calculated, due and 
payable at the time of delivery. The expected cash flows associated with the sale of the silver to Silver Wheaton at a price lower than 
market price have been reflected in the fair value of the mining interest recorded upon acquisition of EGU.

78     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     79

notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

The Company has presented the value of any expected future cash flows from the sale of any future silver production to Silver Wheaton 
as part of the mining interest, as the Company did not receive any of the original upfront payment. Further, the Company does not 
believe that the agreement to sell to Silver Wheaton meets the definition of an onerous contract or other liability as the obligation 
only arises upon production of the silver.

A preliminary allocation of the purchase price, which is subject to final adjustments, is as follows:

Preliminary purchase price:
157,959,316 common shares of shares of Eldorado at C$15.05/share 
4,713,248 replacement options 
1,931,542 equity settled deferred phantom units 
Cash consideration 
Total Consideration 

Net assets acquired:
Cash 
Accounts receivable 
Inventory 
Other assets 
Mining interests 
Goodwill 
Accounts payable 
Other liabilities 
Deferred income taxes 
Non-controlling interest 

$2,380,140
31,130
29,105
19
$2,440,394

$18,808
20,844
9,689
9,232
2,745,440
473,782
(71,944)
(45,457)
(495,744)
(224,256)

$2,440,394

For the purpose of these consolidated financial statements, the purchase consideration has been allocated on a preliminary basis 
to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on management’s best estimates taking into account all available 
information at the time of acquisition as well as applicable information at the time these consolidated financial statements were 
prepared. The Company will continue to review information and perform further analysis with respect to these assets, prior to 
finalizing the allocation of the purchase price in the first quarter of 2013.

Eldorado has conducted a preliminary assessment of contingent liabilities identified during its due diligence and has recognized 
certain contingent liabilities in its initial accounting for the acquisition. However, the Company is continuing its review to determine 
whether additional contingent liabilities exist. If during the measurement period new information is found that identifies 
adjustments to the amount of contingent liabilities recognized initially, or additional contingent liabilities that existed at the 
acquisition date, then the acquisition accounting will be revised to reflect the resulting adjustments to the amounts initially 
recognized. During the measurement period the Company has received additional information regarding contingent liabilities that 
existed at acquisition date. This added information has resulted in an increase to the liabilities acquired and the goodwill recognized 
in our March 31, 2012 condensed consolidated financial statements of $36,215. Furthermore, the Company has revised the valuation 
model of the acquired assets for new information existing at the acquisition date by changing inputs such as increasing the discount 
rate on the Greek projects, timing of cash flows at the projects and long term metal pricing. These changes combined to reduce the 
fair value of the acquired projects which has resulted in an increase in goodwill of approximately $160,000, a decrease in deferred 
income tax liability of approximately $42,000 and a decrease in non-controlling interest of approximately $36,000.

The fair value of the common shares and replacement options issued and the equity settled deferred phantom units (“DPUs”) as 
part of the consideration paid for EGU was based on the closing share price on February 24, 2012 on the Toronto Stock Exchange. 
The value of the replacement options was calculated using the Black-Scholes model. The following inputs were used to value the 
replacement options:

Risk-free interest rate 
Expected volatility (range) 
Expected life (range) 
Expected dividends per share 
Forfeiture rate 

1.28%
39% – 44%
0.7 – 1.7 years
CDN $0.09
0%

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

5. Acquisition of European Goldfields Ltd. (CONTINUED)

Acquisition related costs of $21,247 have been charged to transaction costs in the consolidated income statement for the year ended 
December 31, 2012.

These consolidated financial statements include EGU’s results from February 24, 2012 to December 31, 2012. The revenue included in 
the consolidated income statement since February 24, 2012 contributed by EGU was $48,701. This is from the sales of zinc, lead and 
silver concentrates produced at the Stratoni Mine in Greece. The net loss before tax was $26,348.

Had EGU been consolidated from January 1, 2012, the consolidated income statement would include additional revenue of $56,479 
and a net loss before tax of $49,392 from EGU.

Eldorado received net cash of $18,789 as a result of the EGU transaction. This net increase of cash was a result of an acquired cash 
balance of $18,808 less cash consideration of $19.

6. Cash and Cash Equivalents

($) 

Cash at bank and on hand 
Short-term bank deposits 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

559,267 
257,576 
816,843 

387,761
6,002
393,763

Short-term deposits at the end of December 31, 2012 include part of the proceeds from the senior notes (note 16(g)). A total of 
$248,250 was invested in December, 2012 and redeemed in January, 2013.

7. Restricted Cash

Restricted cash represents short-term interest-bearing money market securities and funds held on deposit as collateral for the 
following loans:

($) 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Eastern Dragon CMB standby letter of credit loan (Note 16(c)) 
Unamgen HSBC letter of credit 
Other restricted cash – Hellas SA 

– 
– 
241 
241 

52,390
3,000
–
55,390

8. Marketable Securities

All marketable securities owned by the Company are categorized as available-for-sale.

The fair value of all equity securities is based on the balance sheet date bid prices in an active market.

80     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

9. Accounts Receivable and Other

($) 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Trade receivables 
Value added and other taxes recoverable 
Other receivables and advances 
Prepaid expenses and deposits 

10. Inventories

($) 

Ore stockpiles 
In-process inventory and finished goods 
Materials and supplies 

53,147 
6,724 
27,173 
25,280 
112,324 

7,037
7,679
5,528
22,065
42,309

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

46,826 
83,639 
90,301 
220,766 

66,656
58,382
65,930
190,968

The cost of materials and supplies consumed during the year and included in production costs amounted to $181,013 (2011 – $143,985).

11. Investments in Significantly Influenced Companies

($) 

Serabi Mining Plc (“Serabi”) 
Kopy Goldfields (“Kopy”) 
Glory Resources (“Glory”) 
Kenai Resources (“Kenai”) 
Nordic Mines (“Nordic”) 

(a)  Serabi

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

2,145 
4,929 
10,675 
1,150 
9,050 
27,949 

3,646
3,959
11,203
–
–
18,808

 During 2012, the Company acquired an additional 4,500,000 units of Serabi for $696. As at December 31, 2012, the Company 
holds 21,340,000 ordinary shares and 750,000 purchase warrants of Serabi. This represents a 26.3% interest in Serabi.

The investment in Serabi is being accounted for under the equity method as follows:

($) 

Balance at January 1, 
Purchases during the year 
Equity loss for the year 
Balance at December 31, 

2012 

3,646 
696 
(2,197) 
2,145 

2011

6,202
1,318
(3,874)
3,646

 Based on quoted market prices, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Serabi at December 31, 2012 was $2,145. 
Subsequent to December 31, 2012, Serabi issued 270,000,000 new shares; the Company did not participate in the issue. As a 
result, the Company recorded equity losses at December 31, 2012 to reduce the carrying value of the investment to the fair 
market value of the Serabi shares. The Company’s interest in Serabi after the new issue of shares is approximately 6% and the 
Company will begin to account for the investment as a marketable security in 2013.

 Serabi is a gold mining company that is focused on the Tapajós region of Northern Brazil.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

11. Investments in Significantly Influenced Companies (CONTINUED)

(b)  Kopy

 During 2012, the Company acquired an additional 3,915,000 shares of Kopy for $2,161, including 945,000 purchase warrants.  
The Company’s total investment in Kopy amounts to 6,615,000 ordinary shares. This represents a 28.9% interest in Kopy.

 The investment in Kopy is being accounted for under the equity method as follows:

($) 

Balance at January 1, 
Purchases during the year 
Equity loss for the period 
Balance at December 31, 

2012 

3,959 
2,161 
(1,191) 
4,929 

2011

–
4,273
(314)
3,959

 Based on quoted market prices, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Kopy at December 31, 2012 was $2,250.

 Kopy is focused on gold exploration and development in the Lena Goldfields area of the Irkutsk region of Russia.

(c)  Glory

 In November 2011, the Company entered into a purchase agreement with Glory and acquired 44,595,920 ordinary shares for 
$11,240. There were no issues of shares in 2012. This represents a 19.9% interest in Glory and, under the agreement, gives the 
Company the ability to appoint one board member.

The investment in Glory is being accounted for under the equity method as follows:

($) 

Balance at January 1, 
Purchases during the year 
Equity loss for the period 
Balance at December 31, 

2012 

11,203 
– 
(528) 
10,675 

2011

–
11,240
(37)
11,203

 Based on quoted market prices, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Glory at December 31, 2012 was $10,195.

 Glory currently holds mineral interests in the Sapes gold project in Thrace, Greece.

(d)  Kenai

 In March 2012, the Company entered into a purchase agreement with Kenai and acquired 15,000,000 ordinary shares for $1,496, 
including 7,500,000 purchase warrants. This represents a 14.2% interest in Kenai. If the Company exercised its purchase warrants 
the Company would hold a 19.6% interest in Kenai. Under the agreement, the Company has the ability to appoint one board 
member in Kenai.

 The investment in Kenai is being accounted for under the equity method as follows:

($) 

Balance at January 1, 
Purchases during the year 
Equity loss for the period 
Balance at December 31, 

2012

–
1,495
(345)
1,150

Based on quoted market prices, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Kenai at December 31, 2012 was $754.

Kenai is focused on gold exploration in Brazil.

82     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

(e)  Nordic

 During 2012, the Company purchased 11,750,000 shares of Nordic for $10,417. This represents a 13.8% interest in Nordic and, 
under the agreement, gives the Company the ability to appoint one board member in Nordic.

 The investment in Nordic is being accounted for under the equity method as follows:

($) 

Balance at January 1, 
Purchases during the year 
Equity loss for the period 
Balance at December 31, 

2012

–
10,416
(1,366)
9,050

Based on quoted market prices, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Nordic at December 31, 2012 was $3,555.

 Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company subscribed to an additional 36,855,167 shares which increased 
the Company’s interest in Nordic to 14.2%.

Nordic is a gold mining and exploration company focusing on the Nordic region of Europe.

12. Restricted Assets and Other

($) 

Restricted non-current asset – SERP (Note 18) 
Restricted credit card deposits 

Non-current accounts receivable 
Prepaid loan costs (Note 16(f)) 
Environmental guarantee deposits 
Deposit on land acquisition at Jinfeng 
Long-term value added and other taxes recoverable 

2012 

– 
673 
673 
1,288 
3,918 
12,468 
654 
12,845 
31,846 

2011

14,456
648
15,104
369
2,849
12,304
7,804
–
38,430

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

13. Property, Plant and Equipment

($) 

Cost
Balance at January 1, 2011 
Additions/transfers 
Other movements 
Disposals 
Balance at December 31, 2011 

Balance at January 1, 2012 
Additions/transfers 
Acquisition of EGU 
Proceeds on pre-production sales 
Other movements 
Disposals 
Balance at December 31, 2012 

Depreciation and impairment losses
Balance at January 1, 2011 
Depreciation for the year 
Disposals 
Balance at December 31, 2011 

Balance at January 1, 2012 
Depreciation for the year 
Other movements 
Disposals 
Balance at December 31, 2012 

Carrying amounts
At January 1, 2011 
At December 31, 2011 

Balance at December 31, 2012 

Land and  
Buildings 

Plant and 
Equipment 

Capital Works 
in Progress 

Mineral 
Properties 
and Leases 

1,818,685  
118,299  
– 
(3,430) 
1,933,554  

1,933,554  
110,439  
2,399,998  
– 
(1,682) 
– 
4,442,309  

(38,740) 
(27,611) 
– 
(66,351) 

(66,351) 
(28,513) 
192  
– 
(94,672) 

Total

2,971,796
279,785
(6,303)
(5,193)
3,240,085 

3,240,085 
449,353 
2,745,440 
(54,705)
1,627 
(3,621)
6,378,179 

(272,009)
(123,192)
3,026 
(392,175)

(392,175)
(115,292)
(4,112)
2,142 
(509,437)

728,897  
185,012  
(6,303) 
(1,418) 
906,188  

906,188  
199,349  
345,442  
(54,705) 
3,309  
(3,621) 
1,395,962  

(175,572) 
(63,869) 
1,179  
(238,262) 

(238,262) 
(61,083) 
(4,304) 
2,142  
(301,507) 

140,285  
(81,593) 
– 
– 
58,692  

58,692  
75,293  
– 
– 
– 
– 
133,985  

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

553,325  
667,926  

1,094,455  

140,285  
58,692  

133,985  

1,779,945  
1,867,203  

4,347,637  

2,699,787 
2,847,910 

5,868,742

283,929 
58,067 
– 
(345) 
341,651  

341,651  
64,272  
– 
– 
– 
– 
405,923  

(57,697) 
(31,712) 
1,847  
(87,562) 

(87,562) 
(25,696) 
– 
– 
(113,258) 

226,232  
254,089  

292,665  

The amount of expenditures capitalized related to exploration and evaluation costs during the year ended December 31, 2012 
included in mineral properties and leases was $37,297 (2011 – $24,385).

The amount of capitalized interest during the year ended December 31, 2012 included in property, plant and equipment was $3,382 
(2011 – $3,651).

14. Goodwill

($) 

Cost
Balance at January 1, 
  Acquired during the year 
Balance at December 31, 

2012 

2011

365,928  
473,782  
839,710  

365,928 
-
365,928 

As a result of the preliminary purchase price allocation for the EGU acquisition, the Company recognized goodwill of $473,782 during 
the year (note 5). The Company will continue to review information and perform further analysis with respect to these assets, prior to 
finalizing the allocation of the purchase price in the first quarter of 2013.

84     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

There has been no goodwill impairment recorded for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

Impairment Tests for Goodwill
Goodwill is allocated to Eldorado’s cash-generating units (CGUs). As of December 31, 2012, $365,928 relates to goodwill in our  
China operating segment. The remaining $473,782 relates to our Greece operating segment, which remains under review during  
the measurement period, and is excluded from the impairment test.

The recoverable amount of a CGU is determined based on the higher of the fair value less costs to sell and value-in-use. These 
calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a five-year period.  
Cash flows beyond the five-year period are extrapolated using the estimated growth rates stated below.

Goodwill is allocated to the Jinfeng, White Mountain, Eastern Dragon and Tanjianshan CGUs in the amounts of $138,529, $50,276, 
$174,885 and $2,238, respectively. Recoverability of goodwill is determined using fair value less costs to sell calculations.
The key assumptions used for fair value less cost to sell calculations are as follows:

Gold price ($/ounce) 
Discount rate 

These assumptions have been used for the analysis of each CGU.

The discount rates used reflect specific risks relating to the relevant CGUs.

2012 

2011

$1,350 - $1,700 
7% - 9% 

$1,300 - $1,700
7% - 9%

The values assigned to the key assumptions represent management’s assessment of future trends in the gold mining industry and 
in the global economic environment. The assumptions used are management’s best estimates and are based on both current and 
historical information from external and internal sources.

15. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

($) 

Trade payables 
HST and other taxes 
Accrued expenses 

16. Debt

($) 

Current:
Jinfeng construction loan (a) 
Eastern Dragon CMB standby letter of credit loan (c) 
Eastern Dragon HSBC revolving loan facility (d) 

Non-current:
Senior notes (g) 

Total debt 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

101,505 
19,607 
103,455 
224,567 

67,056
40,256
61,055
168,367

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

– 
– 
10,341 
10,341 

582,974 
– 
593,315 

19,929
50,786
10,316
81,031

–
–
81,031

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

16. Debt (CONTINUED)

(a)  Jinfeng Construction Loan

 In 2009, Guizhou Jinfeng Mining Ltd. (“Jinfeng”), our 82% owned subsidiary entered into a RMB 680.0 million ($108,186) 
construction loan facility (“the construction loan”) with China Construction Bank (“CCB”). The construction loan has a term of 
6 years commencing on February 27, 2009 and is subject to a floating interest rate adjusted annually at 95% of the prevailing 
lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China for similar loans. The construction loan is secured by the following:
i)  Sino Gold corporate guarantee;
ii) Pledge of all shares held by Sino Gold in Jinfeng;
iii)  mortgage on all fixed assets of Jinfeng with a value above $100;
iv)  mortgage on Jinfeng mining license and exploration license; and
v) mortgage on land use right.

 While the construction loan is outstanding, Jinfeng is required to obtain written consent from CCB before transferring funds to  
Sino Gold or any of its subsidiaries and must have a leverage ratio of 64% or lower in order to distribute dividends to its shareholders.

 During 2010, Jinfeng pre-paid RMB 180.0 million ($28,637) on the outstanding balance of this loan; during 2011 it made 
scheduled quarterly payments totalling RMB 140.0 million ($22,273) and pre-paid RMB 230.0 million ($36,592). Then in 2012, 
Jinfeng made scheduled quarterly payments totalling RMB 130.0 million ($20,682) which repaid the loan in full.

(b)  Jinfeng CMB Working Capital Loan

 On January 16, 2013, Jinfeng entered into a RMB 100.0 million ($15,910) working capital loan with CMB. Each drawdown bears 
fixed interest at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China on the date of drawdown. The Facility has a 
term of up to one year, from January 16, 2013 to January 15, 2014. The facility is unsecured and has no security pledged as collateral.

 As at February 5, 2013, Jinfeng has drawn down RMB 78.0 million ($12,410) under this facility and used the proceeds to fund 
working capital obligations. This tranche of the loan has a term of six months and a fixed interest rate of 5.6%.

(c)  Eastern Dragon CMB Standby Letter of Credit Loan

 In January 2010, Rock Mining Industry Development Company Limited (“Eastern Dragon”), our 95% owned subsidiary, entered 
into a RMB 320.0 million ($50,786) standby letter of credit loan with CMB. This loan has a one year term. In January 2012, the 
term was extended for a second year term to January 2013 and the annual management fee of 10% of the interest accrued 
on the outstanding amount paid quarterly was removed. In addition, the floating interest rate is now adjusted monthly at the 
prevailing lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China for working capital loans. This loan is collateralized by way of a 
restricted cash deposit as funding of the irrevocable letter of credit issued by Sino Gold to CMB. The collateral was increased in 
January 2012 from $52,300 to $56,500.

 On February 5, 2010, Eastern Dragon made a drawdown on this loan which was used to repay its letter of credit loan with CCB.

 During 2012, Eastern Dragon repaid the full amount of this loan and the restricted cash was released.

(d) 

 Eastern Dragon HSBC Revolving Loan Facility
 In May 2010, Eastern Dragon entered into a RMB 80.0 million ($12,728) revolving facility (“the Facility”) with HSBC Bank (China). 
The Facility can be drawn down in minimum tranches of RMB 1.0 million ($159) or its multiples. Each drawdown bears interest 
fixed at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China on the date of drawdown. The Facility has a term  
of up to one year. In February 2012, the Facility was reviewed by the bank and was extended to March 11, 2013. The interest rate 
on this loan as at December 31, 2012 was 6.16%.

 As at December 31, 2012, RMB 65.0 million ($10,341) was outstanding on this loan.

 The Facility is secured by a letter of guarantee issued by Eldorado. Eldorado must maintain at all times a security coverage ratio 
of 110% of the amounts drawn down. As at December 31, 2012, the security coverage is $11,375.

 This Facility is to be repaid in full when Eastern Dragon obtains the required project approval that will allow it to complete the 
second drawdown on the project-financing loan.

86     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

(e) 

 Eastern Dragon CMB Project-Financing Loan
 In 2009, Eastern Dragon entered into a RMB 450.0 million ($71,593) project-financing loan (“project-financing loan”) with CMB.  
The project-financing loan has three components:
i)   
 A 5 year term, RMB 320.0 million ($50,911) long term loan (“the long term loan”);
ii)   A 4 year term RMB 100.0 million ($15,910) fixed asset loan (“the fixed asset loan”); and
iii) 

 A one year term RMB 30.0 million ($4,773) working capital loan (“the working capital loan”).

 The project-financing loan is subject to a floating interest rate adjusted quarterly to 90% of the prevailing lending rate 
stipulated by the People’s Bank of China for similar loans.

 The project-financing loan will be secured by an irrevocable letter of Guarantee issued by Sino Gold. Under the terms of the 
agreement, the following conditions are required to be met before the first drawdown:
1.   Receipt of project approval from the Heilongjiang Provincial Development and Reform Commission;
2.   Sino Gold to open an offshore banking business bank account with CMB and deposit $40,000;
3.  

 The aggregate of the amount deposited in the offshore account, Eastern Dragon registered capital and shareholder and 
entrusted loan is at least $84,660 (this threshold has been reached as at December 31, 2009).

 In addition, before the drawdown on the fixed asset loan, Eastern Dragon is required to obtain the gold operation permit.

 The working capital loan can be drawn down once the following conditions are satisfied:
i)    The project obtains the mining license;
ii)   The project has been developed and is in production;
 The gold operation permit has been granted; and
iii) 
 The safety production permit and environmental protection permit have been granted.
iv) 

 The project-financing loan requires Eastern Dragon to maintain a liability to asset ratio of 70% or lower, excluding shareholder 
loan and total banking debt cannot exceed RMB 550.0 million ($87,503) and it is subject to an annual management fee of 10%  
of the annual interest on the drawn down amount.

 No amounts were drawn down under the project-financing loan as at December 31, 2012.

(f)  HSBC Revolving Credit Facility

 In October 2011, the Company entered into a $280.0 million revolving credit facility with HSBC (“the credit facility”) and a 
syndicate of other banks. The credit facility was to mature on October 12, 2015.

 In November 2012, the Company amended, restated and increased the existing revolving credit facility with HSBC (“the amended 
and restated credit agreement” or “ARCA”) to $375.0 million. The ARCA matures on November 23, 2016. The ARCA is secured by 
the shares of SG Resources and Tuprag, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company.

 The ARCA contains covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of the Company to incur an aggregate unsecure 
indebtedness exceeding $850.0 million, incur secured indebtedness up to $200.0 million, make distributions in certain 
circumstances, sell material assets and carry on a business other than one related to the mining business. Significant financial 
covenants include a maximum debt to Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”) of 3.5:1 and a 
minimum EBITDA to interest of 3:1. The Company is in compliance with these covenants at December 31, 2012.

 Loan interest is variable dependent on a leverage ratio pricing grid. The Company’s current leverage ratio is approximately 1:1.  
At this ratio, interest charges and fees are as follows: LIBOR plus margin of 2.00% and undrawn standby fee of 0.50%. Fees of 
$2,999 were paid on the establishment of the credit facility in 2011, and additional fees of $1,729 were paid on the amendment 
to the credit facility. These amounts have been deferred as pre-payments for liquidity services and will be amortized over the 
term of the credit facility. As at December 31, 2012, the prepaid loan cost on the balance sheet was $3,918 (Note 12).

 No amounts were drawn down under the ARCA as at December 31, 2012.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

16. Debt (CONTINUED)

(g)  Senior Notes

 On December 10, 2012, the Company completed an offering of $600.0 million senior notes (“the notes”) at par value, with a 
coupon rate of 6.125% due December 15, 2020. The notes pay interest semi-annually on June 15 and December 15. The Company 
received proceeds of $589.5 million from the offering, which is net of the commission payment. The commission of $10,500 
will be recognized in the consolidated income statement over the term of the notes. In addition, net deferred financing costs 
of $6,526 have been included as an offset in the balance of the notes in the financial statements and are also being amortized 
over the term of the notes. The notes are redeemable by the Company in whole or in part, for cash:

i)   

 At any time prior to December 15, 2016 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the 
notes at the treasury yield plus 50 basis points, and any accrued and unpaid interest;

ii)   

 On and after the dates provided below, at the redemption prices, expressed as a percentage of principal amount of the 
notes to be redeemed, set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the notes:
103.063%
December 15, 2016 
101.531%
December 15, 2017 
100.000%
2018 and thereafter 

 The early prepayment prices are to reimburse the lender for lost interest for the remaining term. The fair market value of the 
notes as at December 31, 2012 is $612.0 million.

 Net deferred financing costs of $6,526 have been included as an offset in the balance of the notes in the financial statements 
and are being amortized over the term of the notes.

(h)  Entrusted Loan

 In November 2010, Eastern Dragon, HSBC Bank (China) and Qinghai Dachaidan Mining Ltd (“QDML”), our 90% owned subsidiary, 
entered into a RMB 12.0 million ($1,909) entrusted loan agreement, which was subsequently increased to RMB 180.0 million 
($28,637) in September 2011 and to RMB 620.0 million ($98,640) in September 2012.

 Under the terms of the entrusted loan, QDML with its own funds entrusts HSBC Bank (China) to provide a loan facility in the 
name of QDML to Eastern Dragon.

 The entrusted loan can be drawn down in tranches. Each drawdown bears interest fixed at the prevailing lending rate stipulated  
by the People’s Bank of China on the date of drawdown. Each draw down has a term of three months and can be rolled forward 
at the discretion of QDML. The interest rate on this loan as at December 31, 2012 was 4.59%.

 As at December 31, 2012, RMB 543.0 million ($86,389) had been drawn under the entrusted loan.

 Subsequent to December 31, 2012, RMB 5.0 million ($795) was drawn under this loan.

 The entrusted loan has been recorded on a net settlement basis.

88     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Asset Retirement Obligations

($) 

Greece 

At January 1, 2011 

Accretion during the year 

Revisions to estimate of obligation 

At December 31, 2011 

Estimated undiscounted amount 

At January 1, 2012 

Acquired during the year 

Accretion during the year 

Revisions to estimate of obligation 

At December 31, 2012 

Estimated undiscounted amount 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

6,750  

272  

26,627  

33,649  

33,041  

notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

Asset Retirement Obligations

China 

Turkey 

Total

17,103  

855  

1,991  

19,949  

25,788  

19,949  

– 

865  

4,789  

25,603  

29,856  

13,284  

556  

6,179  

20,019  

51,640  

20,019  

– 

570  

(3,276) 

17,313  

43,454  

33,228 

1,546 

8,439 

43,213 

81,709 

43,213 

6,750 

1,842 

28,166 

79,971 

110,274

Brazil 

2,841  

135  

269  

3,245  

4,281  

3,245  

– 

135  

26  

3,406  

3,923  

The Company’s asset retirement obligations relate to the restoration and rehabilitation of the Company’s mining operations and 
projects under development. The expected timing of the cash flows in respect of the provision is based on the closure of the various 
mining operations.

The provision is calculated as the present value of estimated future net cash outflows based on the following key assumptions:

(%) 

At January 1, 2011
Inflation rate 
Discount rate 
At December 31, 2011
Inflation rate 
Discount rate 
At December 31, 2012
Inflation rate 
Discount rate 

Asset Retirement Obligations

Greece 

Brazil 

China 

Turkey

– 
– 

– 
– 

2.5  
0.7 to 2.7  

5.0  
3.3  

3.5  
3.1  

2.5  
1.6  

4.0  
2.0 to 3.3  

5.0 
4.1 to 4.3 

3.5  
3.1  

3.5 
3.1 

2.5  
0.7 to 1.8  

2.5 
1.9 to 3.0 

The discount rate is a risk-free rate determined based on US Treasury bond rates. US Treasury bond rates have been used for all of the  
mine sites as the liabilities are denominated in US dollars as the majority of the expenditures are expected to be incurred in US dollars. 
The inflation rates used in determining the present value of the future net cash outflows are based on worldwide inflation rates.

Environmental guarantee deposits exist with respect to the environmental rehabilitation of the mines in China (Note 12). Additionally, 
the Company has provided a €50.0 million Letter of Guarantee to the Ministry of Environment of Greece as security for the due and 
proper performance of rehabilitation works in relation to the mining and metallurgical facilities of the Kassandra Mines and the 
removal, cleaning and rehabilitation of the old Olympias tailings

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

18. Defined Benefit Plans

($) 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Balance sheet obligations (asset) for:
Pension plan 
Non-registered supplementary pension plan 

616 
(5,187) 
(4,571) 

388
19,581
19,969

($) 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Income statement charge for:
Pension plan 
Non-registered supplementary pension plan 

Actuarial losses recognised in the statement of other comprehensive income 

in the period (before tax)

Cumulative actuarial losses recognised in the statement of other comprehensive 

income (before tax)

146 
1,754 
1,900 

12,981 

22,277 

118
1,970
2,088

6,661 

9,296 

The Company operates defined benefit pension plans in Canada with two components: a registered pension plan (“the Pension Plan”) 
and non-registered supplementary pension plan (“the SERP”). During the second quarter of 2012, the Company set up a Retirement 
Compensation Arrangement (“RCA”) trust account in connection with its non-registered supplementary pension plan. As it is a trust 
account, the assets in the account are protected from the Company’s creditors. The RCA requires the Company to remit 50% of any 
contributions made to the Receiver General for Canada to a refundable tax account.

These plans, which are only available to certain qualifying employees, provide benefits based on an employee’s years of service and 
final average earnings at retirement. Annual contributions related to these plans are actuarially determined and made at or in excess 
of minimum requirements prescribed by legislation.

Eldorado’s plans have actuarial valuations performed for funding purposes. The Pension Plan last had an actuarial valuation 
performed as of January 1, 2011 for funding purposes with the next required valuation as of January 1, 2014. The SERP’s last valuation 
was on January 1, 2012 for funding purposes and the next valuation will be prepared in accordance with the terms on the pension 
plan. The measurement date to determine the pension obligation and assets for accounting purposes was December 31, 2012.

The SERP is designed to provide supplementary pension benefits to qualifying employees affected by the maximum pension limits 
under the Income Tax Act pursuant to the registered Pension Plan. Further, the Company is not required to pre-fund any benefit 
obligation under the SERP.

Total Cash Payments
Amount contributed to the Pension Plan and the SERP was $39,601 (2011 – $7,549). Cash payments totalling $172 were made 
directly to beneficiaries during the year (2011 – $174). The Company expects to contribute $127 to the Pension Plan and $2,836 to 
the SERP in 2013.

The estimated future pension payments for the next five years and five years thereafter are as follows:

($) 

Estimated future pension payments 

2013 

253 

2014 

1,811 

2015 

2016 and Later

1,811 

2,187

90     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are determined as follows:

($) 

Present value of funded obligations 
Fair value of plan assets 
Liability (asset) on balance sheet 

December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Pension Plan 

SERP

2,585  
(1,969) 
616  

35,903  
(41,090) 
(5,187) 

2,101  
(1,713) 
388  

19,581 
–
19,581

The movement in the defined benefit obligation over the year is as follows:

($) 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Total 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Total

2012 

2011

Balance at January 1, 

Current service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial losses 
Benefit payments 
Exchange variance 
Balance at December 31, 

2,101  
154  
100  
182  
– 
48  
2,585  

19,581  
1,470  
925  
13,619  
(172) 
480  
35,903  

21,682  
1,624  
1,025  
13,801  
(172) 
528  
38,488  

1,609  
120  
92  
265  
– 
15  
2,101  

11,690  
1,292  
678  
6,396  
(174) 
(301) 
19,581  

13,299 
1,412 
770 
6,661 
(174)
(286)
21,682

The movement in the fair value of plan assets of the year is as follows:

($) 

At January 1, 

Expected return on plan assets 
Actuarial gains and losses 
Contributions by employer 
Exchange variance 

At December 31, 

The amounts recognised in the income statement are as follows:

($) 

Current service cost 
Interest cost 
Expected return on plan assets 
Defined benefit plans expense 

The actual return on plan assets was $1,520 (2011 – $152).

The principal actuarial assumptions used were as follows:

(%) 

Expected return on plan assets 
Discount rate – beginning of year 
Discount rate – end of year 
Rate of salary escalation 
Average remaining service period of active employees  

expected to receive benefits

2012 

2011

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Pension Plan 

SERP

1,713  
108  
(20) 
130  
38  
1,969  

– 
641  
841  
39,471  
137  
41,090  

1,280  
94  
58  
322  
(41) 
1,713  

–
–
–
–
–
– 

2012 

2011

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Pension Plan 

SERP

154  
100  
(108) 
146  

1,470  
925  
(641) 
1,754  

120  
92  
(94) 
118  

1,292 
678 
–
1,970

2012 

2011

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Pension Plan 

SERP

6.0  
4.5  
3.9  
3.0  
7.8 years  

3.0  
4.5  
3.9  
3.0  
7.8 years  

6.5  
5.5  
4.5  
3.0  
6.7 years  

6.5 
5.5 
4.5 
3.0 
6.7 years 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

18. Defined Benefit Plans (CONTINUED)

The assumptions for the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for the purposes of the actuarial valuation are based on 
the asset mix of the portfolio, historical data from similar plans and the review of projected returns by asset class.

Plan Assets
The assets of the Pension Plan and the amounts deposited in the SERP account are managed by a major investment management 
company and are invested only in conformity with the investment requirements of applicable pension laws.

The following table summarizes the defined benefit plans’ weighted average asset allocation percentages by asset category  
at December 31:

($) 

Cash and equivalents 
Fixed income 
Equity 
Total 

December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Pension Plan 

SERP

1% 
99% 
– 
100% 

49% 
22% 
29% 
100% 

2% 
98% 
– 
100% 

2%
43%
55%
100%

The sensitivity of the overall pension liability to changes in the weighted principal assumptions is:

Discount rate 

Salary escalation rate 

Change in assumption 

Impact on overall liability

Increase by 0.5% 
Decrease by 0.5% 
Increase/decrease by 0.5% 

Decrease by 6.2%
Increase by 6.8%
Increase/decrease by 0.3%

19. Income Tax Expense and Deferred Taxes

Total income tax expense consists of:

($) 

Current tax expense 
Deferred tax expense (recovery) 

Total income tax expense attributable to geographical jurisdiction is as follows:

($) 

Turkey 
China 
Greece 
Brazil 
Canada 
Romania 
Other jurisdictions 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

142,587  
(14,311) 
128,276  

2012 

74,052  
52,794  
847  
1,110  
– 
(540) 
13  
128,276  

163,783 
1,804 
165,587

2011

94,781 
70,131 
260 
125 
172 
–
118 
165,587

92     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

Factors affecting income tax expense for the year:

($) 

2012 

2011

Profit before income tax 

Canadian statutory tax rate 
Tax on profit at Canadian statutory tax rate 

Items that cause an increase (decrease) in income tax expense:

Foreign income subject to different income tax rates than Canada 

Derecognition (initial recognition) of deferred tax assets 

Non-tax effected operating losses and capital gains 

Non-deductible expenses and other items 

Foreign exchange and other translation adjustments 

Amounts under (over) provided in prior years 

Investment tax credits 

Withholding tax on foreign income 

Income tax expense 

446,951  

25.00% 
111,738  

(18,256) 

– 

19,261  

12,179  

(6,325) 

(50) 

(15,846) 

25,575  

128,276   

512,810 

26.50%
135,895 

(23,973)

(7,634)

16,593 

9,302 

18,699 

5,800 

–

10,905 

165,587

The Canadian income tax rate declined during the year due to changes in the law that reduced corporate income tax rates in Canada.

The change for the year in the Company’s net deferred tax position was as follows:

($) 

Net deferred tax (liability)

Balance at January 1, 

  Deferred income tax (expense) recovery in the income statement 

  Deferred income tax charged to other comprehensive income 

  Adjustments to acquisitions 

  Other 

Net balance at December 31, 

2012 

2011

(332,320) 

14,311 

– 

(495,744) 

(39) 

(330,512)

(1,804)

(12)

–

8

(813,792) 

(332,320)

The composition of the Company’s net deferred income tax asset and liability and deferred tax expense (recovery) is as follows:

Type of temporary difference 

Deferred Tax Assets 

Deferred Tax Liabilities 

Expense (recovery) on 
the Income Statement

($) 

2012 

2011 

2012 

2011 

2012 

2011

Property, plant and equipment 

Loss carryforwards 

Liabilities 

Investment tax credits 

Other items 

Balance at December 31, 

2,428  

11,246  

15,955  

11,050  

4,549  

1,838  

11,142  

11,534  

– 

1,536  

852,556  

346,687  

– 

5,510  

– 

954  

– 

6,365  

– 

5,318  

7,506  

329  

(5,372) 

(11,050) 

(5,724) 

45,228  

26,050  

859,020  

358,370  

(14,311) 

9,259 

(4,561)

2,015 

–

(4,909)

1,804

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

19. Income Tax Expense and Deferred Taxes (CONTINUED)

Unrecognized Deferred Tax Assets

($) 

Tax losses 
Other deductible temporary differences 
Total unrecognized deferred tax assets 

2012 

92,566 
4,471 
97,037 

2011

61,287
9,639
70,926

unrECoGnizEd tax lossEs
At December 31, 2012 the Company had losses with a tax benefit of $92,566 (2011 – $61,287) which are not recognized as deferred 
tax assets. The Company recognizes the benefit of tax losses only to the extent of anticipated future taxable income that can be 
reduced by the tax losses. The gross amount of the tax losses for which a tax benefit has not been recorded expire as follows:

Expiry date ($) 

2013 
2015 
2016 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 
2030 
2031 
2032 
No Expiry 

Capital losses with no expiry 

Canada  

5,989  
6,030  
– 
7,946  
14,874  
10,729  
25,906  
23,457  
7,515  
45,375  
86,548  
– 
234,369  

146,309  

Brazil  

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
9,354  
9,354  

– 

Greece  

Australia  

Total 

1,679  
8,355  
600  
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
10,634  

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
34,596  
34,596  

7,668 
14,385 
600 
7,946 
14,874 
10,729 
25,906 
23,457 
7,515 
45,375 
86,548 
43,950 
288,953 

– 

– 

146,309 

Tax effect of total losses not recognized 

76,881  

3,180  

2,127  

10,378  

92,566

dEduCtiBlE tEmporary diffErEnCEs
At December 31, 2012 the Company had deductible temporary differences for which deferred tax assets of $4,471 (2011 – $9,639) 
have not been recognized because it is not probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the Company can 
utilize the benefits. The vast majority of these temporary benefits have no expiry date.

tEmporary diffErEnCEs assoCiatEd with invEstmEnts in suBsidiariEs
The Company has not recognized deferred tax liabilities in respect of historical unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries for which 
we are able to control the timing of the remittance and are considered reinvested for the foreseeable future. At December 31, 2012, 
these earnings amount to $1,397,881 (2012 – $1,028,127). Substantially all of these earnings would be subject to withholding taxes  
if they were remitted by the foreign subsidiaries.

tax CrEdits
The Company has $3,900 (2011 – $18,600) of tax credits that have not been recognized.

othEr faCtors affECtinG taxation
During the year the Turkish Lira has strengthened. This has caused a deferred income tax recovery during the year of $6,294 due 
to the increase in the value of the future tax deductions associated with the Turkish operations. The Company expects that in the 
future significant foreign exchange movements in the Turkish Lira, Euro or Chinese Renminbi in relation to the US dollar will cause 
significant volatility in the deferred income tax expense or recovery.

During the year the Company’s income tax expense was reduced by $15,846 due to the benefit of investment tax credits associated 
with the Efemçukuru Mine in Turkey. In the current year, $4,796 of the investment tax credit was used while $11,050 is expected to 
be realized in future periods.

94     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     95

 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

20. Share Capital

Eldorado’s authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of voting common shares without par value and an unlimited 
number of non-voting common shares without par value. At December 31, 2012 there were no non-voting common shares 
outstanding (December 31, 2011 – none).

Voting Common Shares ($) 

Number of Shares 

Total

At January 1, 2011 
Shares issued upon exercise of share options, for cash 
Estimated fair value of share options exercised 
Shares issued for cash upon exercise of warrants 
At December 31, 2011 
Shares issued upon exercise of share options, for cash 
Estimated fair value of share options exercised 
Shares issued for acquisition of subsidiary 
Common shares issued for deferred phantom units 
At December 31, 2012 

21. Share-based Payments

(a)  Share Option Plans

548,187,192 
3,399,096 
– 
96,629 
551,682,917 
3,271,683 
– 
157,959,316 
1,430,560 
714,344,476 

2,814,679
30,115
9,410
1,485
2,855,689
22,145
23,221
2,380,140
19,762
5,300,957

 The Company has two share option plans (“Plans”) approved by the shareholders under which share purchase options (“Options”)  
can be granted to directors, officers, employees and consultants.

 The Company’s Employee Plan (“Employee Plan”), as amended from time to time, was established in 1994. Subject to a 10-year 
maximum, Employee Plan Options generally have a five-year term. Employee Plan Options vest at the discretion of the Board of 
Directors at the time an option is granted, typically in three separate tranches over two years. As at December 31, 2012, a total of 
6,269,117 options (2011 – 9,710,429) were available to grant to employees, consultants or advisors under the Employee Plan.

 The Company’s Directors and Officers Plan (“D&O Plan”) was established in 2003 and amended in 2005. Subject to a 10-year 
maximum, D&O Plan Options generally have a five-year term. D&O Plan Options vest at the discretion of the Board of Directors 
at the time an option is granted, typically in three separate tranches over two years. As at December 31, 2012, a total of  
8,112,250 Options (2011 – 9,687,704) were available to grant to directors and officers under the D&O Plan.

 Movements in the number of share options outstanding and their related weighted average exercise prices are as follows:

At January 1, 
Regular options granted 
Replacement options granted on acquisition  
of European Goldfields Ltd (note 5)

Exercised 
Forfeited 
At December 31, 

2012 

2011

Weighted 
Average  
Exercise Price 
CDN$ 

12.60 
14.80 
9.73 

6.73 
15.24 
13.68 

Number of 
Options 

8,616,113 
5,915,081 
4,713,248 

(3,271,683) 
(898,315) 
15,074,444 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 
CDN$ 

9.49 
16.53 
– 

8.70 
14.96 
12.60 

Number of 
Options

8,720,524
3,869,691
– 

(3,399,096)
(575,006)
8,616,113

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

21. Share-based Payments (CONTINUED)

 At December 31, 2012, 10,293,934 share purchase options (December 31, 2011 – 4,992,624) with a weighted average exercise 
price of CDN$12.99 (December 31, 2011 – CDN$10.57) had vested and were exercisable. Options outstanding are as follows:

Total Options Outstanding 

Exercisable Options

December 31, 2012

Range of 
Exercise Price 
CDN$ 

$4.00 to $4.99 

$5.00 to $5.99 

$6.00 to $6.99 

$7.00 to $7.99 

$9.00 to $9.99 

$10.00 to $10.99 

$11.00 to $11.99 

$12.00 to $12.99 

$13.00 to $13.99 

$14.00 to $14.99 

$15.00 to $15.99 

$16.00 to $16.99 

$18.00 to $18.99 

$19.00 to $20.02 

Shares 

1,135,936 

66,250 

201,000 

725,000 

302,900 

162,922 

10,000 

744,485 

2,242,122 

325,622 

5,097,383 

4,016,824 

24,000 

20,000 

15,074,444 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Life (Years) 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 
CDN$ 

0.8 

1.1 

0.2 

2.6 

1.3 

4.0 

1.2 

4.0 

2.1 

4.5 

4.1 

3.3 

2.9 

3.8 

3.2 

4.88 

5.92 

6.38 

7.13 

9.64 

10.85 

11.40 

12.70 

13.24 

14.61 

15.25 

16.57 

18.81 

19.19 

13.68 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 
CDN$

4.88

5.92

6.38

7.13

9.64

10.85

11.40

12.66

13.24

14.72

15.27

16.55

18.81

19.19

12.99

Shares 

1,135,936 

66,250 

201,000 

725,000 

302,900 

54,306 

10,000 

330,649 

2,242,122 

184,094 

1,890,279 

3,114,064 

24,000 

13,334 

10,293,934 

 Share based payments expense related to share options for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $15,933 (2011 – $14,104).

 The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 were:

Risk-free interest rate (range) 
Expected volatility (range) 
Expected life (range) 
Expected dividends 
Forfeiture rate 

2012 

2011

1.08% – 1.23% 
39% – 46% 
0.7 – 2.7 years 
  CDN $0.10 to $0.12 
6% 

1.60% – 2.05%
29% – 61%
0.8 – 2.8 years
CDN $0.08 to $0.10
4%

 The weighted average fair value per stock option was CDN$2.80 (2011 – CDN$3.75). Volatility was determined based on the 
historical volatility over the estimated lives of the options.

(b)  Restricted Share Unit Plan

 In March 2011, the Company commenced a Restricted Share Unit (‘‘RSU’’) plan whereby restricted share units may be granted  
to senior management of the Company. Once vested, an RSU is exercisable into one common share entitling the holder to 
receive the common share for no additional consideration. A portion of the RSUs granted have a vesting schedule where half 
vest immediately and the remaining half vest on the first anniversary of the grant. The remaining portion of the RSUs granted 
vest over two years with one third of the RSUs vesting immediately.

96     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

 The current maximum number of common shares authorized for issue under the RSU plan is 1,500,000. A total of 470,070 RSUs 
(2011 – 416,454) at a grant-date fair value of CDN$14.65 per unit were granted during the year ended December 31, 2012  
(2011 – CDN$15.69) and 156,691 were exercisable at December 31, 2012 (2011 – 168,027).

 The fair value of each RSU issued is determined as the closing share price at grant date.

 A summary of the status of the RSU plan and changes during the year is as follows:

At January 1, 
Granted 
Redeemed 
Forfeited 
At December 31, 

2012 

2011

253,587 
470,070 
(257,825) 
– 
465,832 

–
416,454
(146,059)
(16,808)
253,587

 As at December 31, 2012, 465,832 common shares purchased by the Company remain held in trust in connection with this plan  
(2011 – 253,587). At the end of the period, 80,011 RSUs are fully vested and exercisable (2011 – 21,968). These shares purchased  
and held in trust have been included in treasury stock in the balance sheet.

 Restricted share units expense for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $5,159 (2011 – $5,166).

(c) 

 Deferred Share Units Plan
 In July 15, 2010 the Company adopted the Independent Directors Deferred Share Unit (“DSU”) Plan under which DSU’s will be 
granted by the Board from time to time to independent directors (“participants”). The performance period of each DSU commences 
on the Grant Date and expires on the Termination Date of the participant. The Termination Date is when the participant ceases 
to be a Director of the Company. On redemption each unit entitles the participant to receive a cash payment equal to the market 
value of the Company’s shares on the date of redemption. At December 31, 2012, 126,406 DSUs were outstanding (2011 – 65,982 
DSUs) with a value of $1,626 (2011 – $910), which is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

 Compensation expense related to the DSUs was $702 for the year ended December 31, 2012 (2011 – $452).

(d) 

 Deferred Phantom Units
 In accordance with the acquisition agreement of EGU (note 5), the EGU DPUs will be converted on redemption to Eldorado 
shares using the 85% share exchange ratio as indicated within the plan of Arrangement. The DPU plan was amended to allow 
for share settlement only. Each DPU is exercisable into one common share entitling the holder to receive the common share for 
no additional consideration. During the year, 1,430,560 DPUs were exercised. The remaining 500,982 DPUs are expected to be 
exercised during 2013.

22. Supplementary Cash Flow Information

($) 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Changes in non-cash working capital
  Accounts receivable and other 

Inventories 

  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Total 

Supplementary cash flow information

Income taxes paid 
Interest paid 

Non-cash investing and financing activities
Shares, options and DPUs issued on acquisition of European Goldfields Ltd. 

(47,729) 
(18,346) 
(86,397) 
(152,472) 

105,364 
4,013 

2,440,375 

(7,902)
(13,299)
31,149
9,948

134,594
7,856

–

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

23. Financial Risk Management

23.1  finanCial risK faCtors
Eldorado’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk and price 
risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. Eldorado’s overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets 
and seeks to minimize potential adverse effects on Eldorado’s financial performance.

(a)  Market Risk

(i) 

 Foreign Exchange Risk
 The Company operates principally in Canada, Turkey, China, Brazil, Greece and Romania, and is therefore exposed to foreign 
exchange risk arising from transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Foreign exchange risk arises when future commercial 
transactions or recognised assets or liabilities are denominated in a currency that is not the entity’s functional currency.

 Eldorado’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, marketable securities, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and 
debt are denominated in several currencies, and are therefore subject to fluctuation against the US dollar.

The table below summarizes Eldorado’s exposure to the various currencies denominated in the foreign currency, as listed below:

(thousands) 

Canadian  Australian 
Dollar 

Dollar 

Swedish  Romanian 
Lei 

Krona 

British 
Pound 

Turkish 
Lira 

Chinese 
Renminbi 

Brazilian 
Real

Euro 

Cash and cash 
  equivalents
Marketable securities 
Accounts receivable  
  and other
Accounts payable and 
  accrued liabilities
Debt 
Net balance 

Equivalent in  
  US dollars

256,134 

1,141 

2,806 

– 

3,874 

305 

3,608 

691,460 

2,442 

1,979 
2,147 

(12,670) 

– 
– 

– 

– 
7,418 

– 
38,775 

– 
3,471 

(33,744) 

– 

(1,474) 

– 
– 

– 

– 
26,082 

– 
142,235 

–
35,279 

(61,235) 

(687,162) 

(6,807) 

– 
247,590 

– 
1,141 

– 
(23,520) 

– 
38,775 

– 
5,871 

– 
305 

– 
(31,545) 

(64,998) 
81,535 

–
30,914

248,857 

1,187 

(31,013) 

5,967 

1,749 

495 

(17,696) 

12,972 

15,132 

 Based on the balances as at December 31, 2012, a 1% increase/decrease in the US dollar exchange rate against all of the other 
currencies on that date would have resulted in a increase/decrease of approximately $2,377 in profit before taxes. There would 
be no effect in other comprehensive income.

 Cash flows from operations are exposed to foreign exchange risk, as commodity sales are set in US dollars and a certain amount 
of operating expenses are in the currency of the country in which mining operations take place.

(ii)  Metal Price Risk and Other Price Risk

 Eldorado is subject to price risk for fluctuations in the market price of gold and other metals. Gold and other metals prices  
are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control, including central bank sales, producer hedging activities,  
the relative exchange rate of the US dollar with other major currencies, global and regional demand and political and  
economic conditions.

 Worldwide gold and other metals production levels also affect their prices, and the price of these metals is occasionally subject 
to rapid short-term changes due to speculative activities. The Company has elected not to actively manage its exposure to metal 
price risk at this time. From time to time, Eldorado may use commodity price contracts to manage its exposure to fluctuations in 
the price of gold and other metals.

  Other price risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices.

98     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

 Eldorado’s other price risk includes equity price risk, whereby the Company’s investments in marketable securities are subject  
to market price fluctuation.

(iii)  Interest Rate Risk

 Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in 
market interest rates. Current financial assets and financial liabilities are generally not exposed to interest rate risk because 
of their short-term nature. The majority of the Company’s debt is in the form of notes with a fixed interest rate of 6.13%. As at 
December 31, 2012 the average interest rate in Eldorado’s debt was 6.09% (2011 – 6.09%). A 10% increase or decrease in the 
interest rate on debt held at December 31, 2012 would result in a $63 increase or decrease (2011 – $125) in the Company’s 
profit before tax.

(b)  Credit Risk

 Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will fail to discharge an obligation and cause the other party 
to incur a financial loss. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash 
equivalents, restricted cash and accounts receivable. Eldorado deposits its cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, 
with high credit quality financial institutions as determined by rating agencies. As at December 31, 2012, approximately 71% 
(2011 – 37%) of Eldorado’s cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, are held with one financial institution. The 
Company considers this to be its only significant credit risk exposure.

 Payment for metal sales is normally in advance or within fifteen days of shipment depending on the buyer. The historical level of 
customer defaults is negligible which reduces the credit risk associated with trade receivables at December 31, 2012.

(c)  Liquidity Risk

 Liquidity risk is the risk that an entity will encounter difficulty in raising funds to meet commitments associated with financial 
instruments. The Company manages liquidity by maintaining adequate cash and cash equivalent balances and by using its lines 
of credit as required. Management monitors and reviews both actual and forecasted cash flows, and also matches the maturity 
profile of financial assets and liabilities. Contractual maturities relating to debt are included in Note 16.

23.2 Capital risK manaGEmEnt
Eldorado’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain 
future development of our mining projects. Capital consists of all of the components of equity; share capital from ordinary shares, 
contributed surplus, accumulated other comprehensive income, retained earnings and non-controlling interests.

Consistent with others in the industry, Eldorado monitors capital on the basis of the debt to capital ratio and debt to EBITDA.  
The debt to capital ratio is calculated as debt, including current and non-current debt, divided by capital. The debt to EBITDA ratio  
is calculated as debt, including current and non-current debt, divided by earnings before interest costs, taxes and depreciation.  
This policy includes a target debt to capital ratio of less than 30% and a debt to EBITDA target ratio below 3.5.

As at December 31, 2012, our debt to capital ratio was 9.6% (2011 – 2.4%) and our debt to EBITDA ratio was 1.01 (2011 – 0.12).

These policy targets are managed through the repayments and issuances of debt as well as the continuing management of 
operations and capital expenditures.

23.3 fair valuE Estimation
Fair values are determined directly by reference to published price quotations in an active market, when available, or by using a 
valuation technique that uses inputs observed from relevant markets.

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

•   Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted 

assets or liabilities.

•   Level 2 – Inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, but do not qualify as Level 1 inputs (i.e.,quoted prices for similar 

assets or liabilities).

•   Level 3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and 

unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     99

 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

23. Financial Risk Management (CONTINUED)

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as at December 31, 2012 include:

($) 

Assets
Available-for-sale financial assets 
Marketable securities 
Total assets 

Balance at  
December 31,  
2012 

Quoted Prices 
in Active Markets 
for Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Other Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3)

1,988  
1,988  

1,988  
1,988  

– 
– 

–
–

No liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as at December 31, 2012.

The fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets is based on quoted market prices at the balance sheet date. A market 
is regarded as active if quoted prices are readily and regularly available from an exchange, dealer, broker, industry group, pricing 
service, or regulatory agency, and those prices represent actual and regularly occurring market transactions on an arm’s length 
basis. The quoted market price used for financial assets held by the group is the current bid price. These instruments are included 
in Level 1. Instruments included in Level 1 comprise primarily publicly-traded equity investments classified as held-for-trading 
securities or available-for-sale securities.

24. Commitments

The Company’s contractual obligations, not recorded on the balance sheet, at December 31, 2012, include:

($) 

Operating leases and capital expenditures 
Purchase obligations 
Totals 

2013 

6,644 
171,621 
178,265 

2014 

7,095 
21,767 
28,862 

2015 

2016 and Later

4,399 
16,079 
20,478 

9,919
29,036
38,955

Purchase obligations in 2013 relate primarily to mine expansion projects at Kişladağ, mine development projects at Tocantinzinho 
and Eastern Dragon as well as operating and maintenance supply contracts at our operating mines.

25. Contingencies

The Company is involved in legal proceedings from time to time, arising in the ordinary course of its business. As at December 31, 2012, 
the amount of ultimate liability with respect to these actions will not, in the opinion of management, materially affect Eldorado’s 
financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

100     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

26. Related Party Transactions

Key management includes directors (executive and non-executive), officers and senior management. The compensation paid or 
payable to key management for employee services, including amortization of share based payments, is shown below:

($) 

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits 
Termination benefits 
Defined benefit pension plan 
Share based payments 

2012 

12,206 
– 
1,900 
11,959 
26,065 

2011

18,897
732
2,088
10,654
32,371

In November, 2012, our wholly owned subsidiary, Eldorado Gold Cooperatief U.A. (“the Coop”), entered into a bridge loan agreement 
with Nordic, a significantly influenced investment, for SEK 38,775,000 ($5,967). The loan is to be settled by way of Nordic units  
at the time of Nordic’s new rights subscription. The loan is to be repaid in full, plus accrued interest at a rate of 15% per annum.  
On January 22, 2013, the Nordic rights issue was fully subscribed and the Coop was issued 35,250,000 shares in Nordic at SEK 1.10  
per share and was paid SEK 545,732 ($84) in accrued interest.

27. Financial Instruments by Category

fair valuE
The following table provides the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:

($) 

Financial Assets
Held-for-trading
Restricted assets and other (SERP) 

Available-for-sale 
Marketable securities 

Loans and receivables
Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash 
Accounts receivable and other 
Restricted assets and other 

Financial Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Debt 

December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair Value 

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair Value

– 

– 

14,456  

14,456 

1,988  

1,988  

2,640  

2,640 

816,843  
241  
105,600  
31,846  

816,843  
241  
105,600  
31,846  

393,763  
55,390  
34,630  
23,974  

393,763 
55,390 
34,630 
23,974 

224,567  
593,315  

224,567  
593,315  

168,367  
81,031  

168,367 
81,031 

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

28. Production Costs

($) 

Production costs
Labor 
Fuel 
Reagents 
Electricity 
Mining contractors 
Operating and maintenance supplies and services 
Site general and administrative costs 
Inventory change 
Royalties, production taxes and selling expenses 
Total production costs 

29. Interest and Financing Costs

($) 

Interest expense 
Financing fees 
Total interest and financing costs 

30. Earnings Per Share

2012 

2011

90,709  
36,641  
44,156  
38,612  
58,628  
100,216  
26,082  
(12,448) 
45,350  
427,946  

2012 

4,203 
2,780 
6,983 

59,079 
30,580 
39,873 
31,753 
31,677 
73,532 
19,210 
13,185 
47,595 
346,484

2011

4,208
1,123
5,331

The weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes of diluted earnings per share reconciles to the weighted average 
number of ordinary shares used in the calculation of basic earnings per share as follows:

(in thousands) 

  December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the calculation  
  of basic earnings per share
Diluted impact of stock options 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the calculation  
  of diluted earnings per share

689,007  

1,662  
690,669  

549,791 

1,834 
551,625 

The earnings used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $305,302  
(2011 – $318,662).

102     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

31. Segment Information

idEntifiCation of rEportaBlE sEGmEnts
The Company has identified its operating segments based on the internal reports that are reviewed and used by the chief executive 
officer and the executive management (the chief operating decision makers or CODM) in assessing performance and in determining 
the allocation of resources.

The CODM considers the business from both a geographic and product perspective and assesses the performance of the operating 
segments based on measures of profit and loss as well as assets and liabilities. These measures include operating profit, 
expenditures on exploration, property, plant and equipment and non-current assets, as well as total debt. As at December 31, 2012, 
Eldorado had six reportable segments based on the geographical location of mining and exploration and development activities.

31.1  GEoGraphiCal sEGmEnts
Geographically, the operating segments are identified by country and by operating mine or mine under construction. The Brazil 
reporting segment includes the Vila Nova mine, development activities of Tocantinzinho and exploration activities in Brazil. The  
Turkey reporting segment includes the Kişladağ and the Efemçukuru mines and exploration activities in Turkey. The China reporting 
segment includes the Tanjianshan (“TJS”), Jinfeng and White Mountain mines, the Eastern Dragon development project and 
exploration activities in China.

The Greece reporting segment includes the Stratoni mine and the Olympias, Skouries and Perama Hill development projects and 
exploration activities in Greece. The Romania reporting segment includes the Certej development project. Other reporting segment 
includes operations of Eldorado’s corporate office and exploration activities in other countries. Financial information about each  
of these operating segments is reported to the CODM on at least a monthly basis.

2012

($) 

Turkey 

China 

Brazil 

Greece 

Romania 

Other 

Total

Information about profit and loss
Metal sales to external customers 
Production costs 
Depreciation 
Gross profit 

Other material items of income and expense
Exploration expense 
Income tax expense 

550,781 
132,390 
19,023 
399,368 

502,494 
220,476 
80,853 
201,165 

45,565 
36,443 
5,277 
3,845 

48,701 
38,637 
6,463 
3,601 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
1,913 
(1,913) 

1,147,541
427,946
113,529
606,066

8,504 
74,052 

12,635 
52,794 

10,379 
1,110 

1,574 
847 

150 
(540) 

6,279 
13 

39,521
128,276

Additions to property, plant and equipment 

191,659 

119,571 

18,843 

79,800 

9,923 

1,315 

421,111 

during the year

Information about assets and liabilities
Property, plant and equipment* 
Goodwill 

699,182 
– 
699,182 

1,952,545 
365,928 
2,318,473 

198,586 
– 
198,586 

2,422,868 
473,782 
2,896,650 

593,210 
– 
593,210 

2,351 
– 
2,351 

5,868,742
839,710
6,708,452

Debt 

– 

10,341 

– 

– 

– 

582,974 

593,315

*Net of revenues from sale of pre-commercial production

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     103

 
 
 
notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements
(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

31. Segment Information (CONTINUED)

($) 

Turkey 

China 

Brazil 

Greece 

Other 

Total

2011

Information about profit and loss
Metal sales to external customers 
Production costs 
Depreciation 
Gross profit 

Other material items of income and expense
Exploration expense 
Income tax expense 

Additions to property, plant and equipment 
  during the year

Information about assets and liabilities
Property, plant and equipment 
Goodwill 

458,985 
117,189 
11,342 
330,454 

587,889 
198,995 
104,154 
284,740 

56,863 
30,300 
4,689 
21,874 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
2,229 
(2,229) 

1,103,737
346,489
122,414
634,839

10,515 
94,781 

8,741 
70,131 

5,639 
125 

– 
260 

5,878 
290 

30,773
165,587

166,601 

82,249 

17,532 

2,902 

2,062 

271,346 

591,896 
– 
591,896 

1,903,793 
365,298 
2,269,721 

185,667 
– 
185,667 

163,239 
– 
163,239 

3,315 
– 
3,315 

2,847,910
365,928
3,213,838

Debt 

– 

81,031 

– 

– 

– 

81,031

The Turkey and China segments derive their revenues from sales of gold. The Brazil segment derives its revenue from sales of iron 
ore. The Greece segment derives its revenue from sales of zinc, lead and silver concentrates.

The measure of total debt represents the current and long-term portions of debt.

31.2 EConomiC dEpEndEnCE

 At December 31, 2012, each of our Chinese mines had one major customer, to whom each sells its entire production, as follows:

TJS Mine 
Jinfeng Mine  
White Mountain Mine   

Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter Factory Co. Ltd. of Zhongjin Gold Holding Co. Ltd.
Zijin Refinery
Refinery of Shandong Humon Smelting Co. Ltd.

31.3 sEasonality/CyCliCality of opErations

 Management does not consider operations to be of a significant seasonal or cyclical nature.

32. Events Occurring After the Reporting Date

On January 11, 2013 the government of Greece has enacted legislation increasing the corporate income tax rate from 20% to 26%, 
effective January 1, 2013. The Company calculated its deferred tax liability with respect to its Greek assets including the assets acquired 
as part of the EGU acquisition based on the 20% Greek income tax rate, as this was the legislated tax rate at the acquisition date.

As required by IAS 12, “Income Taxes”, when an income tax rate has changed the deferred tax liability must be adjusted to reflect the 
change in the income tax rate. The adjustment is required to be charged to deferred income tax expense. The Company anticipates 
that the increase in the Greek income tax rate from 20% to 26% will increase the deferred tax liability and the deferred tax expense 
by $130.0 million or approximately $0.18 per share in the first quarter of 2013.

104     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     105

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of directors, officers  
and Senior Management team

Board of dirECtors

ExECutivE offiCErs

sEnior manaGEmEnt

Paul N. Wright
Chief Executive Officer

Norman S. Pitcher
President

Fabiana E. Chubbs
Chief Financial Officer

Paul J. Skayman
Chief Operating Officer

Dale L. Churcher
Vice President, Engineering

Doug M. Jones
Senior Vice President, Operations

Peter D. Lewis
Vice President, Exploration

Nancy E. Woo
Vice President, Investor Relations

Dawn L. Moss
Executive Vice President,  
Administration and Corporate Secretary

David A. Bickford
Vice President and General Manager, 
Turkey

Eduardo E. Moura
Vice President and General Manager, 
Greece

Lincoln Silva
Vice President and General Manager, 
Brazil

Nicolae Stanca
Vice President and General Manager, 
Romania

Hailong Xu
Vice President and General Manager, 
China

Robert R. Gilmore1,2
Denver, CO, USA
Non-executive Chairman of the Board
(Independent Director)

Timothy C. Baker4*
Toronto, ON, Canada
(Independent Director)

K. Ross Cory1,3
Vancouver, BC, Canada
(Independent Director)

Geoffrey A. Handley2,4
Bronte, NSW, Australia
(Independent Director)

Wayne D. Lenton2,4
Tucson, AZ, USA
(Independent Director)

Michael A. Price1,4
London, UK
(Independent Director)

Jonathan A. Rubenstein2,3
Vancouver, BC, Canada
(Independent Director)

Donald M. Shumka1,3
Vancouver, BC, Canada
(Independent Director)

Paul N. Wright
Vancouver, BC, Canada
Chief Executive Officer
Eldorado Gold Corporation

Committees of the Board of Directors
1Audit Committee
2Compensation Committee
3Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee
4Sustainability Committee

* Tim Baker resigned his position as an Independent 
Director effective December 31, 2012.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     105
eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     105

auditors
KPMG LLP
Vancouver, BC  Canada

lEGal CounsEl
Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP
Vancouver, BC  Canada

Dorsey & Whitney LLP
Denver, CO  USA

Corporate Information

offiCEs

Canada (Head Office)
Eldorado Gold Corporation
1188 Bentall 5
550 Burrard Street
Vancouver, BC
V6C 2B5 Canada
  Tel: 
604.687.4018
  Fax:  604.687.4026
  Toll-Free: 1.888.353.8166

Turkey
Tüprag Metal Madencilik Sanayi Ve  
Ticaret A.S.
Iran Caddesi
Turan Emeksiz Sok. No. 1
06700 Gaziosmanpasa
Ankara Turkey 
  Tel: 
90.312.468.4536 
  Fax:  90.312.468.2646

China
Eldorado Gold Corporation
Room 1001, West Tower
LG Twin Towers
B-12 Jianguomenwai Avenue  
Chaoyang District, Beijing
100022 China
  Tel: 
86.10.5828.7966 
  Fax:  86.10.5828.7967

Greece
Hellas Gold SA & Thracean  
Gold Mining SA   
23A Vasilissis Sofias Avenue   
Athens  
10674 Greece  
  Tel:   30.214.687.0000
  Fax:  30.214.687.0095

Brazil
Unamgen Mineração e Metalurgia S/A
Avenida Olegário Maciel 
1846 - Santo Agostinho
Belo Horizonte, MG
CEP 30180-112 Brazil
  Tel: 
55.31.2101.3753
  Fax:  55.31.2101.3758

Romania
Deva Gold SA
Piata Unirii No.9
Deva, Hunedoara County
Romania
  Tel: 
40.25.423.3680
  Fax:   40.25.423.3682

Barbados 
Eldorado Gold (Barbados) Limited
White Park House
White Park Road
Bridgetown, Barbados
BB11135
  Tel: 
246.271.5357
  Fax:   246.271.5357

The Netherlands
Eldorado Gold (Netherlands) BV
Barbara Strozzilaan 101
1083 HN
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
  Tel: 
31.(0)20.450.9610
  Fax:   31.(0)20.450.9611

106     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     107

Shareholder Information

stoCK ExChanGEs
The Toronto Stock Exchange Symbol: ELD
The New York Stock Exchange Symbol: EGO

annual GEnEral mEEtinG
May 2, 2013
3:00pm Pacific Time

Hyatt Regency Hotel
655 Burrard Street
Vancouver, BC

Company filinGs
www.sedar.com
www.sec.gov

transfEr aGEnt and rEGistrar
Valiant Trust Company
600-750 Cambie Street
Vancouver, BC
V6B 0A2 Canada
Shareholder Inquiries Line: 1.866.313.1872 
inquiries@valianttrust.com 

invEstor ContaCt information
For inquiries related to shares  
or dividends:

Valiant Trust Company
Shareholder Inquiries  
Line: 1.866.313.1872 
inquiries@valianttrust.com 

For inquiries related to Eldorado Gold’s 
operating activities and financial 
performance:
Nancy Woo
Vice President Investor Relations
604.687.4018
info@eldoradogold.com

sourCEs of sharEholdEr 
information
This Annual Report is one of several 
sources of information for shareholders  
of Eldorado Gold Corporation.  
Other sources include:
•  The audited consolidated financial 
statements published annually.
•  The consolidated interim financial 
statements published quarterly.
•  The Management Proxy Circular 

describing the matters to be considered 
at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
•  The Annual Information Form, Form 40-F 

and other corporate and continuous 
disclosure documents available on 
the Company’s website, the Canadian 
Depository for Securities (CDS)  
SEDAR website www.sedar.com and the  
US Securities and Exchange Commission 
(SEC) EDGAR website www.sec.gov.

Section 303A.11 of the NYSE Listed 
Company Manual permits foreign private 
issuers to follow home country practices 
in lieu of certain provisions of the 
NYSE Listed Company Manual. A foreign 
private issuer that follows home country 
practices in lieu of certain provision of 
the NYSE Listed Company Manual must 
disclose any significant ways in which its 
corporate governance practices differ from 
those followed by domestic companies. 
A description of the significant ways in 
which the Company’s governance practices 
differ from those followed by domestic 
companies pursuant to the NYSE Listed 
Company Manual is available on the 
Company’s website at www.eldoradogold.com.

eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     107
eldoRAdo Gold   > 2012 annual rEport     107

Cautionary notes

Cautionary notE aBout forward-looKinG statEmEnts and information
Certain statements and information in this Annual Report, including all statements that are not historical facts, are forward-looking statements and forward-looking information within the meaning 
of applicable US and Canadian securities laws. Such forward-looking statements or information include, but are not limited to, statements or information with respect to our strategy, plans, goals, 
outlook, financial disclosure; our future financial and operational performance, price of gold and other commodities, cash flow, cash costs, targets, production and expenditures; our mineral reserves 
and resources estimates; and our proposed mine development (including permitting), exploration, acquisitions and other events and developments that have not yet happened. Often, these statements 
include words such as “plans”, “expects” or “does not expect”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate” or “believes” or variations of such 
words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken, occur or be achieved. 

With respect to forward-looking statements and information included in this Annual Report, we have made numerous assumptions including among other things, assumptions about the price 
of gold and other commodities; exchange rates; anticipated costs and expenditures; production, mineral reserves and resources and metallurgical recoveries; the impact of acquisitions on 
our business; the political and economic environment in which we operate; and the ability to achieve our goals. Even though our management believes that the assumptions made and the 
expectations represented by such statements or information are reasonable, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statement or information will prove to be accurate. By their nature, 
forward-looking statements and information are based on assumptions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or 
achievements, or industry results, to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements or information. Such risks, 
uncertainties and other factors include, among other things, the following: 

•  gold and other metal price volatility and the impact of any related hedging activities;
•  risks of not meeting production and cost targets;
•  discrepancies between actual and estimated production, mineral reserves and resources and metallurgical recoveries; 
•  subjectivity of estimating mineral resources and reserves and the reliance on available data and assumptions and judgments used in interpretation of such data;
•  depletion of quantities of grades of reserves;
•  infrastructure, water, energy and other commodity availability and costs and the impact on capital and operating costs and exploration, development and production schedules;
•  prices for energy inputs, labour, material costs, supplies on services (including shipping) remaining consistent with expectations; 
•  currency fluctuations;
•  risks associated with maintaining substantial levels of indebtedness, including restrictions on operations;
•  regulatory restrictions, including environmental regulatory restrictions and liability, including actual costs of reclamation; 
•  changes in law and regulatory requirements, including environmental regulations;
•   risks of sovereign investment and operating in foreign countries, including controls, regulations and political or economic developments in the countries in which we currently or may in the 

future conduct business; 

•  risk associated with joint ventures;
•  speculative nature of gold and other mineral exploration and uncertainties associated with mineral exploration;
•  developments, mining and operational risk, including timing, hazards and accidents associated with mining operations and losses which are uninsured or uninsurable;
•  increased capital requirements and the ability to obtain financing;
•  environmental risks;
•  competition;
•  the loss of key employees and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel and labour disputes; 
•   title permitting and licenses risks, including the risks of obtaining and maintaining the validity and enforceability of necessary permits and licenses, the timing of obtaining and renewing such 

permits and licenses, and risks of defective title to mineral property; 

•  litigation risks, including the uncertainties inherent in current and future legal challenges we are, or may become, a party to;
•  community and non-governmental actions and regulatory risks, including the possibility of a shutdown at any of our operations;
•  taxation, including change in tax laws and interpretations of tax laws;
•  volatility of global and local economic climate; 
•  climate change risk;
•   the risks that the integration of acquired businesses may take longer than expected, the anticipated benefits of the integration may be less than estimated and the costs of acquisition may be 

higher than anticipated;

•  the impact of acquisitions, including expanded portfolio of projects on our operations, capital requirements, and financial condition and ability to complete acquisitions; and
•  share capital dilution and share price volatility.

See our Annual Information Form and our quarterly and annual MD&A for additional information on risks, uncertainties and other factors relating to the forward-looking statements and information. 
Although we have attempted to identify factors that would cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those disclosed in the forward-looking statements or information, there may be 
other factors that cause actual results, performances, achievements or events not to be anticipated, estimated or intended. Also, many of the factors are beyond our control. Accordingly, readers should not 
place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information. We undertake no obligation to reissue or update forward-looking statements or information as a result of new information or events 
after the date of this Annual Report except as may be required by law. All forward-looking statements and information made in this document are qualified by this cautionary statement.

Cautionary note about production outlook, Guidance and Estimates
Readers are cautioned that production outlook, guidance and estimates are subject to a variety of factors that are likely to cause actual results to vary from our estimates, and such variations may 
be material. Forward-looking information generally involves risks and uncertainties as described above which are, in many instances, beyond our control, including: (i) global and local economic 
conditions; (ii) pricing and cost factors; (iii) unanticipated events or changes in current development plans, execution of development plans, future operating results, financial conditions or business 
over time; and (iv) unfavourable regulatory developments, that could cause actual events and results to vary significantly from those included in or contemplated by such statements. The production 
outlook, guidance and estimates reflect certain assumptions by us, which assumptions may differ with respect to future events, economic, competitive and regulatory conditions, financial market 
conditions and future business decisions, including, without limitation, a continuation of existing business operations on substantially the same basis as currently exists all of which assumptions are 
difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the outlook, guidance and estimates are indicative of our future performance or that actual 
results would not differ materially from those in the outlook, guidance and estimates.

Cautionary Note to US Investors Concerning Estimates of Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resources
The terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource”, “inferred mineral resource” used herein are Canadian mining terms used in accordance with National Instrument 
43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) under the guidelines set out in the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and Petroleum (the “CIM”) Standards on Mineral 
Resources and Mineral Reserves, adopted by the CIM Council, as may be amended from time to time. These definitions differ from the definitions in the United States Securities & Exchange 
Commission (“SEC”) Industry Guide 7. In the United States, a mineral reserve is defined as a part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time the 
mineral reserve determination is made.

While the terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource,” “indicated mineral resource”, and “inferred mineral resource” are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, they are not defined 
terms under standards in the United States and normally are not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. As such, information contained herein concerning 
descriptions of mineralization and resources under Canadian standards may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies in SEC filings. With respect to “indicated mineral 
resource” and “inferred mineral resource”, there is a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and a great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or 
any part of a “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource” or “inferred mineral resource” will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Accordingly, information herein containing descriptions 
of our mineral deposits may not be comparable to similar information made public by US companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements under US federal securities laws and the 
rules and regulations thereunder.

108     Eldorado Gold  > 2012 AnnuAl RepoRt

dEsiGn By porCaro CommuniCations   printEd By rr donnEllEy

jinfEnG proCEssinG plant, China

eldorado gold Corporation
1188 bentall 5, 550 burrard street
vancouver, british columbia 
canada v6c 2b5

t:  604.687.4018
f:  604.687.4026

www.eldoradogold.com
info@eldoradogold.com

tsx : eld
nyse : ego

kiŞladaĞ gold Mine, turkey