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Essential Utilities

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FY2016 Annual Report · Essential Utilities
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Aqua America, Inc.

762 W. Lancaster Avenue

Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania 19010

877.987.2782

AquaAmerica.com

NYSE: WTR

2016

Annual Report

Aqua America, Inc.

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Fulfilling Our Mission 
With Dedication.

Aqua America continued to fulfill its mission to protect and 

provide Earth’s most essential resource by making meaningful 

advancements in the areas of service delivery, growth 

opportunities, stakeholder education, community outreach and 

workforce diversity in 2016. 

Aqua America’s customers continued to see improvements in 

water and service reliability delivered by the company. Progressive 

legislation in Pennsylvania set the stage for additional opportunities 

for Aqua America to bring its expertise to new communities. The 

company worked cooperatively with environmental regulators to 

maintain water quality compliance, using its engineering, operations 

and technical expertise to address challenges in troubled systems. 

Aqua America continued its environmental stewardship by 

volunteering and financially supporting various activities, like 

stream cleanups, to ensure clean water for everyone. All of these 

efforts are being accomplished with a professional workforce, 

which Aqua America is continuing to develop and grow, with the 

goal of sustaining excellent quality and service, and achieving a 

level of diversity that reflects the customers we serve.

Corporate Information

Non-executive Chairman and former  

President and Chief Executive Officer

President and Chief Executive Officer 

Executive Vice President, Business Operations  

Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 

Robert A. Rubin 

Officers

Christopher H. Franklin 

Richard S. Fox 

Executive Vice President and Chief Operating 

Officer, Regulated Operations

Karen M. Heisler 

Senior Vice President and  

Chief Human Resources Officer

Christopher P. Luning 

Senior Vice President, General Counsel and 

Secretary

William C. Ross 

Senior Vice President 

Engineering and Environmental Affairs

Senior Vice President  

Controller and Chief Accounting Officer

Daniel J. Schuller, PhD. 

Executive Vice President 

Corporate Development and Strategy

David P. Smeltzer 

Executive Vice President 

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer 

Chief Financial Officer

Board Of Directors

Nicholas DeBenedictis 

Chief Executive Officer 

Aqua America, Inc.  

Director since 1992

Christopher H. Franklin 

Aqua America, Inc. 

Director since 2015

Carolyn J. Burke 

and Systems 

Dynegy, Inc. 

Director since 2016

Richard H. Glanton 

Elected Face, Inc. 

Director since 1995

Lon R. Greenberg 

Chairman Emeritus 

UGI Corporation  

Director since 2005

William P. Hankowsky 

Liberty Property Trust 

Director since 2004 

Wendell F. Holland, Esq. 

Partner 

CFSD Group, LLC. 

Director since 2011

Ellen T. Ruff 

Partner 

McGuireWoods, LLP. 

Director since 2006

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Financial Highlights

in thousands of dollars, except per-share amounts

AQUA AMERICA 2016 ANNUAL REPORT | 2

Operating revenues 

Regulated segment 

     Operating revenues  

     Operating and maintenance expense  

Net Income 

Diluted net income per common share 

Exclude:

Joint venture impairment charge 

Tax effect 

Adjusted income (a) 
(Non-GAAP financial measure)

Adjusted income per common share  (a) 
(Non-GAAP financial measure)

Annualized dividend rate 

per common share (12/31)

Total assets 

Number of utility customers served (c) 

2016

2015

% Change

 $819,875 

$814,204 

0.7%

$800,107 

$285,347 

$234,182 

$1.32 

$779,613 

$282,866 

$201,790 

$1.14 

2.6%

0.9%

16.1%

15.8%

-  

-  

$32,975

($11,542)

$234,182 

$223,223 

4.9% 

$1.32 

$0.77 

$1.26 

4.8% 

$0.71 

7.8% 

$6,158,991 

$5,717,873 

972,265 

956,983 

7.7%

1.6%

$1.32

$1.26

$1.20

$1.15

$1.04

Adjusted 
Income from 
Continuing 
Operations 
per Share 
(diluted) (b)

Weighted 
Average Cost 
of Long-term 
Fixed-rate 
Debt

5.06%

5.00%

4.85%

4.57%

4.26%

’ 12

’ 13

’ 14

’ 15

’ 16

’ 12

’ 13

’ 14

’ 15

’ 16

972,265

956,983

Utility 
Customer 
Connections
(continuing
operations) 

(c)

940,119

928,200

917,986

$0.765

$0.712

$0.660

Dividend 
per Share 
(annualized)

$0.608

$0.560

’ 12

’ 13

’ 14

’ 15

’ 16

’ 12

’ 13

’ 14

’ 15

’ 16

(a)  The GAAP financial measures are net income and net income per share. Please see our investor relations page of AquaAmerica.com for a reconciliation of the GAAP to non-GAAP 

financial measures.

(b) 2015 Income from Continuing Operations adjusted for Joint Venture Impairment Charge (a Non-GAAP Financial Measure). 2015 Income from Continuing Operations per Share was $1.14.  
(c) 2015 excludes 883 customers associated with utility systems disposed of during 2016.

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A Letter From the 
Chairman and the 
President & CEO.

Nicholas DeBenedictis 
Chairman

Christopher H. Franklin 
President and  
Chief Executive Officer

We celebrated Aqua America’s rich history 
in 2016 when the company reached the 
important milestone of becoming 130 years 
old. The company was founded in 1886 in 
Springfield, Pennsylvania and has since 
grown into the second largest publicly 
traded water utility in the nation. In 2016, 
we also celebrated the formation of the 
company’s strong new leadership team 
that is responsible for the future success of 
the company. Our founders laid the strong 
foundation on which we are building the future 
by investing record levels of capital to replace 
aging infrastructure. This investment will be 
key to providing sustainable quality water and 
wastewater service to our customers.

Throughout the year, our operating team 
continued to uphold our well-known standard 
of operational excellence. Additionally, we 
focused on growing our customer base and 
bringing our quality service to an even larger 
group of customers. In fact, we developed 

a revised and more focused approach to 
growth, which yielded strong customer 
growth. Focusing our efforts on the right 
initiatives is critical and that’s the reason we 
exited some non-core businesses that were 
not scalable and had become distractions to 
our management team.

Corporate culture development was also at 
the center of our activity as we continued 
to make safety, integrity and respect central 
threads in the fabric of our culture. We spend 
valuable time to select and retain employees 
who share our values and engage in our 
important mission. 

Our nation faced real challenges in water 
treatment in 2016. The incident in Flint, 
Michigan was the most prominent, but it 
seems that similar stories are in the news 
almost daily. 

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AQUA AMERICA 2016 ANNUAL REPORT | 4

us in the water and wastewater space are more numerous 
than either of us has seen during our long tenures at the 
company. While as a nation we might struggle with aging 
infrastructure, rebuilding is at the core of what we do and 
we continue to believe that we can play an increasing role 
in helping to solve the country’s water and wastewater 
problems.

While we are committed to growing this great company, 
we understand and believe in the importance of our 
quarterly cash dividends to our shareholders. In August 
2016, Aqua America’s board of directors increased the 
quarterly cash dividend for the 26th time in the past 25 
years. The dividend was raised 7.5 percent to $0.1913 
per-share, effective September 1, 2016. To date, Aqua 

In 2016 alone, we invested at a record level 
(nearly $400 million) in infrastructure to support 
this mission and we are committed to investing 
$1.2 billion over the next three years.

America has paid consecutive quarterly dividends to 
its shareholders for 72 years. The board’s decision to 
increase the quarterly dividend reflects our confidence in 
the company’s ability to continue delivering strong results 
based on its strategy for future performance.

The success we achieved in 2016 was a result of our 
employees who remain customer-focused as they fulfill 
our mission to protect and provide Earth’s most essential 
resource every day. On behalf of the board and the entire 
senior leadership team, we thank each and every one of 
them for all they have done to ensure another great year 
for our company. We also thank you, our shareholders, 
for their confidence and support, which enables us to 
execute our mission successfully.

Lastly, I invite you to visit AquaAmerica.com to learn 
more about our great company and stay abreast of the 
latest news about the company. 

Sincerely,

Christopher H. Franklin 
President and CEO

Nicholas DeBenedictis
Chairman of the Board

Our mission is clear at Aqua America: protecting and 
providing Earth’s most essential resource. In 2016 alone, 
we invested a record level (nearly $400 million) in 
infrastructure rehabilitation to support this mission and 
we are committed to investing $1.2 billion over the next 
three years. Aqua America’s nearly 1,600 dedicated utility 
professionals come to work every day to ensure that we 
provide quality water and wastewater service to the 3 
million people who rely on us for these life sustaining 
services. 

Growing our customer base is important for shareholders 
and our existing customers. Economies of scale are 
critical in the utility business as we work to spread the 
large fixed cost of plants and water pipes over a growing 
base of customers – to keep costs 
and rates down while improving 
returns for shareholders. Last year, 
we invested more than $22 million to 
acquire 13 water and six wastewater 
systems. Coupled with organic 
growth, the company increased its 
customer base by 1.6 percent for 
the year. We think it is important 
to note that the majority of these 
acquisitions do not yet reflect the new size range that we 
have strategically targeted -- 2,500 to 25,000 customers. 
The majority of the 2016 acquisitions were initiated 
before we refocused our strategy on larger opportunities, 
but the work that we began in 2015 and continues today, 
will focus our efforts on larger opportunities. We believe 
this refocused strategy is already making a difference.

One of the efforts that really started to generate 
momentum in 2016 was legislation that has now passed 
in Illinois and Pennsylvania, which allows companies like 
ours to acquire municipal water and wastewater systems 
at their fair market value, rather than the system’s 
depreciated original cost. We see this as an opportunity 
to provide a solution for some of the municipal utilities 
that are struggling to meet regulatory standards and 
cannot raise the capital associated with infrastructure 
replacement.

To put the increased activity in perspective -- we 
currently have agreements in place to acquire the assets 
of four municipal systems in 2017. Collectively, these 
agreements are valued at more than $100 million. While 
the opportunities are exciting, we want to assure you 
that our investment committee maintains strict discipline 
based on a framework that we believe provides value to 
both customers and shareholders. 

As we look to the future, we are as optimistic as ever 
about this company. The opportunities we see in front of 

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“

Improving Infrastructure 
Improves Quality of Life.

Rick Fox
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

Our nation’s water and wastewater 

wastewater infrastructure, including 

infrastructure requires significant 

the pipes that carry wastewater to 

investment for rehabilitation and 

treatment plants and the technology 

expansion. Aqua America’s operating 

that treats the wastewater. In 2013, 

subsidiaries are uniquely qualified to 

it was estimated that $384 billion in 

provide solutions. The most recent 

improvements was needed for the 

surveys from the U.S. Environmental 

nation’s drinking water infrastructure 

Protection Agency (EPA) show that 

through 2030, to address countless 

$271 billion is needed within five years 

miles of transmission and distribution 

(of January 2016) to maintain and 

pipes and thousands of treatment 

“

improve the 

nation’s 

plants and storage tanks, which are all 

vital to public health and the economy. 

Often, municipalities are faced with 

competing priorities. When Aqua 

America purchases these systems, it 

brings to bear the capital, engineering, 

and technical expertise to address 

municipal water and wastewater 

challenges, so that finite tax dollars 

can be used for other local 

government needs. 

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Iron and manganese are naturally occurring 

Aqua North Carolina is in the second year of a 

metals found in the ground in several areas of 

multi-year program to install such systems in 

the U.S. Neither is considered a public health 

communities with the most persistent iron and 

issue in drinking water, but left unaddressed, 

manganese problems, significantly improving 

each can cause drinking water to be discolored 

water quality for approximately 8,500 homes 

and affect its taste and odor, making it 

(25,000 residents) in Wake, Surry, Catawba, and 

unpalatable to customers.

Gaston counties.

Without a treatment removal system, water 

Similarly, Aqua Illinois installed a new iron 

companies generally use a chemical process 

pressure filter as part of a major overhaul of the 

that reduces the ability for the metals to move 

McHenry Shores water system that reduced 

freely in the pipes, reducing the potential for 

iron levels in that community by 75 percent.

discoloration. When coupled with routine 

flushing, this option can be effective in some 

situations. In many areas, however, treatment 

removal systems are required. 

Chris Johnson
Customer, McHenry Shores, IL

“

“

I’ve seen a drastic reduction in the red iron in my home 

water. … I want to just thank you for the investment in the 

McHenry Shores water system. … great job and continue 

doing what you guys have been doing to improve our water.

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AQUA AMERICA 2016 ANNUAL REPORT | 6

Working With 
Community Leaders to 
Benefit the Environment.

“

Our water and wastewater operations 

are directly impacted by local, state 

and federal regulations and legislation. 

We maintain consistent, open and 

transparent communications with 

regulators and legislators. This approach 

ensures these key stakeholders are 

educated and prepared to make 

informed, solution-oriented decisions 

about our operations that complement 

our charge to provide safe and reliable 

service to more customers. 

Kimberly Joyce
Vice President, Regulatory, 
Government and External Affairs

“

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In each case, the municipalities received a fair 
price for their assets, and customers have enjoyed 
the benefits of more than $4 million in needed 
infrastructure improvements...

In April 2016, Pennsylvania became the fourth 

A similar law was passed in Illinois in 2013, 

state in the Aqua America footprint to have water 

enabling Aqua Illinois to acquire four municipal 

and wastewater fair market valuation legislation 

systems—North Maine Utilities in 2015 and Crystal 

when Governor Tom Wolf signed Act 12, “fair 

Clear Water Company, Eastwood Manor Water 

market legislation,” into law. As municipalities and 

Company and Nunda Utilities in 2016. In each case, 

authorities face looming infrastructure upgrades to 

the municipalities received a fair price for their 

comply with environmental regulations and other 

assets, and customers have enjoyed the benefits 

financial challenges, many are looking to divest 

of more than $4 million in needed infrastructure 

their water and wastewater assets. The legislation 

improvements, including the replacement of 

sets streamlined guidelines for these governmental 

aging water mains, service lines, hydrants and 

entities to sell their systems to regulated water and 

meters. These improvements enable Aqua America 

wastewater companies if they choose. Customers 

subsidiaries to provide better service for customers 

benefit from having a professional water or 

and conserve water by replacing aged, and often 

wastewater provider with the capital and industry 

leaking, water mains.

expertise to address infrastructure needs and 

environmental compliance, the latter of which is 

becoming more of a challenge with increasingly 

stringent regulations. The municipality or authority 

is able to refocus its attention—and proceeds if 

necessary—on other community priorities like 

schools, public safety and economic development.

Fair market valuation legislation is a new tool in 

the toolbox of local governments. For those who 

choose to use it, this mechanism can provide a 

direct benefit for their communities, creating a 

win-win for customers, the environment and Aqua 

America.  

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AQUA AMERICA 2016 ANNUAL REPORT | 8

Collaborating to Ensure Our 
Water Is Protected.

Chris Crockett 
Vice President and Chief Environmental Officer

“

Routine communications with 

environmental regulators and public 

on a variety of local, regional and 

national regulatory policies and 

interest organizations is crucial 

environmental issues, and share 

to ensuring that we understand 

scientific information with them to 

their expectations and that our 

augment their body of knowledge 

counterparts 

understand our 

perspectives.  

We collaborate 

with stakeholders 

about drinking water and wastewater. 

These relationships often result 

in partnerships that benefit both 

customers and the environment. 

“

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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 

source of supply for its Pickering treatment 

(EPA) Partnership for Safe Water is a voluntary 

plant, the company’s largest surface water 

cooperative effort between the EPA, the American 

facility. Employees also participate in watershed 

Water Works Association and other drinking 

protection efforts such as tree planting, watershed 

water organizations, representing more than 200 

monitoring, educational events, and cleanups 

surface water utilities throughout the United 

along regional waterways that provide water to 

States. The objective of the organization is to 

three of its large surface water treatment plants.

encourage water suppliers to minimize the risk to 

their consumers through continuous improvement 

in surface water treatment plant performance. 

There are four levels of distinction to be reached 

via a process that 

the EPA describes 

as “an arduous 

and difficult self-

assessment.” Aqua 

America has a total 

Roaring Creek Plant wins the 

Phase IV President’s Award in 

November 2016.

of 17 plants participating throughout its four states 

with surface water: Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois and 

Virginia. The highest level of distinction earns the 

participant the prestigious Excellence in Water 

Treatment Award. Aqua Pennsylvania’s Roaring 

Creek plant is just one level away, having achieved 

the organization’s second-highest award—the 

Phase IV President’s Award in November 2016. 

From left to right: Gary Hampton, Dan Ogden, Terry Weidner, 
Rich Kotwica. Not pictured: Jeremy Nicodemus, Bryan Yagel, 
Aaron Tom and Mike Budwash.

Aqua Illinois has been as a member of the 

Kankakee River Basin Commission for decades 

Aqua Pennsylvania is also a partner to the 

and now has permanent representation on its 

Schuylkill Action Network, a source water 

board. Aqua Illinois Regional Environmental 

protection organization dedicated to the 

Compliance Manager Kevin Culver is currently 

protection of the Schuylkill River—a primary 

board secretary for the organization. He also 

serves as vice chairman of the Illinois State 

American Water Works Association source water 

protection committee and was appointed vice 

chairman of the Northeastern Illinois Regional 

Kevin Culver - Aqua Illinois 
Regional Environmental 

Compliance Manager

Groundwater 

Protection 

and Planning 

Committee by the 

Illinois EPA. Aqua 

Illinois is also a 

member of the statewide Nutrient Loss Reduction 

Strategy Workgroup, which plays a significant 

role in reducing the impact of farming activity 

on Illinois’ rivers among other things. In addition, 

Aqua Illinois employees are active participants in 

the Northern Illinois Anglers Association’s adopt-

the-river cleanups.

AQUA AMERICA 2016 ANNUAL REPORT | 10

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Forging A Stronger, More 
Diverse Workforce.

“

Aqua America nearly quadrupled its 

customer base in the last 25 years, 

bringing our services to larger, more 

diverse populations throughout eight 

states. Maintaining this growth trend 

requires continued excellence from a 

workforce that reflects the diversity 

of the communities we serve. Our 

aspirational goal is to be an industry 

leader in workforce diversity and inclusion 

by attracting, engaging, developing and 

retaining high-potential diverse talent 

across all levels of the organization. 

“

Karen Heisler
Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer

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Carolyn Stout
Facility Operator I

“

When I first started four years ago, I worked as if I had 

something to prove. I didn’t want the men to believe I got 

the job because I was female. I wanted to be sure they 

knew I was as qualified as they were. I could tell they 

were not used to working with women. It actually took 

about two years for them to loosen up and realize that 

they could be themselves around me. I’ve never been 

mistreated and no one has ever said anything to make me 

feel uncomfortable. Honestly, I don’t think they needed 

to behave any differently for me. I have the pleasure of 

working with a group of very nice and polite men.

“
“

Tori Murry

Facility Operator I

I have a great role model in my mother who still works 

in the male-dominated gas sector of a major energy 

company. It took her five years to become comfortable 

working in a predominantly male workplace. I’ve always 

been treated fairly and have learned a lot from my male 

coworkers. But working in industries that are traditionally 

dominated by the opposite gender inherently leads to 

some level of discomfort for men and women alike. I 

don’t believe that’s always a bad thing—it helps us learn 

about one another. Women bring a different and valuable 

perspective to the traditionally male workplace. I’m glad 

that Aqua understands that benefit and is working to 

increase diversity throughout the organization.

“

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AQUA AMERICA 2016 ANNUAL REPORT | 12

2016

Financial Data

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AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

Certain statements in this Annual Report (the “Annual Report”) are forward-looking statements within the meaning of 
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are made based 
upon, among other things, our current assumptions, expectations, plans, and beliefs concerning future events and their 
potential effect on us.  These forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are 
outside our control that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any 
future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.  In some cases you 
can identify forward-looking statements where statements are preceded by, followed by or include the words “believes,” 
“expects,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “future,” “potential,” “probably,” “predictions,” “intends,” “will,” “continue” “in the 
event” or the negative of such terms or similar expressions.   

Because forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, there are important factors that could cause actual 
results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements, including but not limited 
to: 

• 
• 

• 

changes in general economic, business, credit and financial market conditions; 
changes in governmental laws, regulations and policies, including those dealing with taxation, the 
environment, health and water quality, and public utility regulation; 
changes to the rules or our assumptions underlying our determination of what qualifies for an income tax 
deduction for qualifying utility asset improvements; 
the decisions of governmental and regulatory bodies, including decisions on rate increase requests; 

the extent to which we are able to develop and market new and improved services; 
the effect of the loss of major customers; 

abnormal weather conditions, including those that result in water use restrictions; 
changes in, or unanticipated, capital requirements; 
changes in our credit rating or the market price of our common stock; 
changes in valuation of strategic ventures; 

• 
•  our ability to file rate cases on a timely basis to minimize regulatory lag; 
• 
• 
• 
• 
•  our ability to integrate businesses, technologies or services which we may acquire; 
•  our ability to manage the expansion of our business; 
•  our ability to treat and supply water or collect and treat wastewater; 
• 
• 
•  our ability to retain the services of key personnel and to hire qualified personnel as we expand; 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

labor disputes;  
increasing difficulties in obtaining insurance and increased cost of insurance; 
cost overruns relating to improvements to, or the expansion of, our operations;  
increases in the costs of goods and services; 
civil disturbance or terroristic threats or acts;  
the continuous and reliable operation of our information technology systems, including the impact of cyber 
security attacks or other cyber-related events; 
changes in accounting pronouncements;  
litigation and claims; and 
changes in environmental conditions, including the effects of climate change. 

• 
• 
• 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Given these risks and uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.  You should 
read this Annual Report completely and with the understanding that our actual future results, performance and 
achievements may be materially different from what we expect.  These forward-looking statements represent assumptions, 
expectations, plans, and beliefs only as of the date of this Annual Report.  Except for our ongoing obligations to disclose 
certain information under the federal securities laws, we are not obligated, and assume no obligation, to update these 
forward-looking statements, even though our situation may change in the future.  For further information or other factors 
which could affect our financial results and such forward-looking statements, see Risk Factors included in our Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.   

OVERVIEW 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our 
Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in this Annual Report.  This discussion contains forward-
looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about our business, 
operations and financial performance.  All dollar amounts are in thousands of dollars, except per share amounts.  

The Company 
Aqua America, Inc., (referred to as “Aqua America”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), a Pennsylvania corporation, 
is the holding company for regulated utilities providing water or wastewater services to what we estimate to be almost 
three million people in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Texas, Illinois, North Carolina, New Jersey, Indiana, and Virginia.  Our 
largest operating subsidiary is Aqua Pennsylvania, Inc., which accounted for approximately 52% of our operating 
revenues and approximately 74% of our net income for 2016.  As of December 31, 2016, Aqua Pennsylvania provided 
water or wastewater services to approximately one-half of the total number of people we serve. Aqua Pennsylvania’s 
service territory is located in the suburban areas in counties north and west of the City of Philadelphia and in 27 other 
counties in Pennsylvania.  Our other regulated utility subsidiaries provide similar services in seven other states.  In 
addition, the Company’s market-based activities are conducted through Aqua Resources, Inc. and Aqua Infrastructure, 
LLC.  Aqua Resources provides water and wastewater service through operating and maintenance contracts with 
municipal authorities and other parties close to our utility companies’ service territories; and offers, through a third party, 
water and sewer line repair service and protection solutions to households.   

In 2016, the Company sold the following business units of Aqua Resources, which were reported as assets held for sale in 
the Company’s consolidated balance sheets: 

• 
• 

a business unit which provided liquid waste hauling and disposal services; and  
a business unit which inspected, cleaned and repaired storm and sanitary wastewater lines. 

Additionally, in 2016, the Company decided to market for sale a business unit within Aqua Resources, which installs and 
tests devices that prevent the contamination of potable water, for which the sale was completed in January 2017, and a 
business unit that repairs and performs maintenance on water and wastewater systems.  These business units are reported 
as assets held for sale in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Aqua Infrastructure provides non-utility raw water 
supply services for firms in the natural gas drilling industry.   

Industry Mission 
The mission of the investor-owned water utility industry is to provide quality and reliable water service at reasonable rates 
to customers, while earning a fair return for shareholders.  A number of challenges face the industry, including: 

•  strict environmental, health and safety standards; 
•  aging utility infrastructure and the need for substantial capital investment; 
•  economic regulation by state, and/or, in some cases, local government;  
•  declining consumption per customer as a result of conservation;  
•  lawsuits and the need for insurance; and 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

•  the impact of weather and sporadic drought conditions on water sales demand. 

Economic Regulation 
Most of our water and wastewater utility operations are subject to regulation by their respective state utility commissions, 
which have broad administrative power and authority to regulate billing rates, determine franchise areas and conditions of 
service, approve acquisitions, and authorize the issuance of securities.  The utility commissions also generally establish 
uniform systems of accounts and approve the terms of contracts with affiliates and customers, business combinations with 
other utility systems, and loans and other financings.  The policies of the utility commissions often differ from state to 
state, and may change over time.  A small number of our operations are subject to rate regulation by county or city 
government.  Over time, the regulatory party in a particular state may change, as was the case for our Texas operations 
where, in 2014, economic regulation changed from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality to the Texas Public 
Utility Commission.  The profitability of our utility operations is influenced to a great extent by the timeliness and 
adequacy of rate allowances in the various states in which we operate.  One consideration we may undertake in evaluating 
which states to focus our growth and investment strategy is whether a state provides for consolidated rates, a surcharge for 
replacing and rehabilitating infrastructure and other systems, and other regulatory policies that promote infrastructure 
investment and efficiency in processing rate cases.  

Rate Case Management Capability – We strive to achieve the industry’s mission by effective planning, efficient 
investments, and productive use of our resources.  We maintain a rate case management capability to pursue timely and 
adequate returns on the capital investments that we make in improving our distribution system, treatment plants, 
information technology systems, and other infrastructure.  This capital investment creates assets that are used and useful 
in providing utility service, and is commonly referred to as rate base.  Timely, adequate rate relief is important to our 
continued profitability and in providing a fair return to our shareholders, and thus providing access to capital markets to 
help fund these investments.  Accordingly, the objective of our rate case management strategy is to provide that the rates 
of our utility operations reflect, to the extent practicable, the timely recovery of increases in costs of operations (primarily 
labor and employee benefits, electricity, chemicals, transportation, maintenance expenses, insurance and claims costs, and 
costs to comply with environmental regulations), capital, and taxes.  In pursuing our rate case strategy, we consider the 
amount of net utility plant additions and replacements made since the previous rate decision, the changes in the cost of 
capital, changes in our capital structure, and changes in operating and other costs.  Based on these assessments, our utility 
operations periodically file rate increase requests with their respective state utility commissions or local regulatory 
authorities.  In general, as a regulated enterprise, our water and wastewater rates are established to provide full recovery of 
utility operating costs, taxes, interest on debt used to finance capital investments, and a return on equity used to finance 
capital investments.  Our ability to recover our expenses in a timely manner and earn a return on equity employed in the 
business helps determine the profitability of the Company.  As of December 31, 2016, the Company’s rate base is 
estimated to be $3,750,000, which is comprised of: 

•  $2,873,000 filed with respective state utility commissions or local regulatory authorities; and  
•  $877,000 not yet filed with respective state utility commissions or local regulatory authorities.   

Our water and wastewater operations are composed of 53 rate divisions, each of which requires a separate rate filing for 
the evaluation of the cost of service and recovery of investments in connection with the establishment of tariff rates for 
that rate division.  When feasible and beneficial to our utility customers, we have sought approval from the applicable 
state utility commission to consolidate rate divisions to achieve a more even distribution of costs over a larger customer 
base.  All of the eight states in which we operate currently permit us to file a revenue requirement using some form of 
consolidated rates for some or all of the rate divisions in that state.    

Revenue Surcharges – Six states in which we operate water utilities, and five states in which we operate wastewater 
utilities, permit us to add a surcharge to water or wastewater bills to offset the additional depreciation and capital costs 
associated with capital expenditures related to replacing and rehabilitating infrastructure systems.  In all other states, water 
and wastewater utilities absorb all of the depreciation and capital costs of these projects between base rate increases 
without the benefit of additional revenues.  The gap between the time that a capital project is completed and the recovery 
of its costs in rates is known as regulatory lag.  This surcharge is intended to substantially reduce regulatory lag, which 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

often acts as a disincentive to water and wastewater utilities to rehabilitate their infrastructure.  In addition, some states 
permit our subsidiaries to use a surcharge or credit on their bills to reflect allowable changes in costs, such as changes in 
state tax rates, other taxes and purchased water costs, until such time as the new costs are fully incorporated in base rates. 

Effects of Inflation – Recovery of the effects of inflation through higher water and wastewater rates is dependent upon 
receiving adequate and timely rate increases.  However, rate increases are not retroactive and often lag increases in costs 
caused by inflation.  On occasion, our regulated utility companies may enter into rate settlement agreements, which 
require us to wait for a period of time to file the next base rate increase request.  These agreements may result in 
regulatory lag whereby inflationary increases in expenses may not yet be reflected in rates, or a gap may exist between 
when a capital project is completed and the start of its recovery in rates.  Even during periods of moderate inflation, the 
effects of inflation can have a negative impact on our operating results.   

Growth-Through-Acquisition Strategy 
Part of our strategy to meet the industry challenges is to actively explore opportunities to expand our utility operations 
through acquisitions of water and wastewater utilities either in areas adjacent to our existing service areas or in new 
service areas, and to explore acquiring market-based businesses that are complementary to our regulated water and 
wastewater operations.  To complement our growth strategy, we routinely evaluate the operating performance of our 
individual utility systems, and in instances where limited economic growth opportunities exist or where we are unable to 
achieve favorable operating results or a return on equity that we consider acceptable, we will seek to sell the utility system 
and reinvest the proceeds in other utility systems.  Consistent with this strategy, we are focusing our acquisitions and 
resources in states where we have critical mass of operations in an effort to achieve economies of scale and increased 
efficiency.  Our growth-through-acquisition strategy allows us to operate more efficiently by sharing operating expenses 
over more utility customers and provides new locations for possible future growth.  Another element of our growth 
strategy is the consideration of opportunities to expand by acquiring other utilities, including those that may be in a new 
state if they provide promising economic growth opportunities and a return on equity that we consider acceptable.  The 
ability to successfully execute this strategy and meet the industry challenges is largely due to our core competencies, 
financial position, and our qualified and trained workforce, which we strive to retain by treating employees fairly and 
providing our employees with development and growth opportunities. 

During 2016, we completed 19 acquisitions, which along with the organic growth in our existing systems, represents 
15,282 new customers.  During 2015, we completed 16 acquisitions, which along with the organic growth in our existing 
systems, represents 17,747 new customers.  During 2014, we completed 16 acquisitions, which along with the organic 
growth in our existing systems, represents 12,120 new customers.   

In addition to acquisitions, from time to time, we sell utility systems or relinquish ownership in systems through 
condemnation.  Consistent with our strategy to evaluate future growth opportunities and the financial performance of our 
individual utility systems, we divested our wastewater treatment facility in Georgia in March 2014.  In addition, in 
December 2014, we sold our water utility systems in Fort Wayne, Indiana.    

The operating results, cash flows, and financial position of the Company’s water utility systems in Fort Wayne, Indiana 
and Georgia were presented in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations. 

We believe that utility acquisitions, organic growth, and expansion of our market-based business will continue to be the 
primary sources of growth for us.  With approximately 53,000 community water systems in the U.S., 82% of which serve 
less than 3,300 customers, the water industry is the most fragmented of the major utility industries (telephone, natural gas, 
electric, water and wastewater).  In the states where we operate regulated utilities, we believe there are approximately 
14,500 community water systems of widely-varying size, with the majority of the population being served by 
government-owned water systems.  

Although not as fragmented as the water industry, the wastewater industry in the U.S. also presents opportunities for 
consolidation.  According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (“EPA”) most recent survey of wastewater 
treatment facilities (which includes both government-owned and privately-owned facilities) in 2012, there are 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

approximately 15,000 such facilities in the nation serving approximately 76% of the U.S. population.  The remaining 
population represents individual homeowners with their own treatment facilities; for example, community on-lot disposal 
systems and septic tank systems.  The vast majority of wastewater facilities are government-owned rather than privately-
owned.  The EPA survey also indicated that there are approximately 4,000 wastewater facilities in operation in the states 
where we operate regulated utilities.  

Because of the fragmented nature of the water and wastewater utility industries, we believe that there are many potential 
water and wastewater system acquisition candidates throughout the United States.  We believe the factors driving the 
consolidation of these systems are: 

•  the benefits of economies of scale; 
•  the increasing cost and complexity of environmental regulations; 
•  the need for substantial capital investment;  
•  the need for technological and managerial expertise; 
•  the desire to improve water quality and service; 
•  limited access to cost-effective financing;  
•  the monetizing of public assets to support, in some cases, the declining financial condition of municipalities; and  
•  the use of system sale proceeds by a municipality to accomplish other public purposes. 

We are actively exploring opportunities to expand our water and wastewater utility operations through regulated utility 
acquisitions or otherwise, including the management of publicly-owned facilities in a public-private partnership.  We 
intend to continue to pursue acquisitions of government-owned and privately-owned water and wastewater utility systems 
that provide services in areas near our existing service territories or in new service areas.  It is our intention to focus on 
growth opportunities in states where we have critical mass, which allows us to improve economies of scale through 
spreading our fixed costs over more customers – this cost efficiency should enable us to reduce the size of future rate 
increases.  Currently, the Company seeks to acquire businesses in the U.S. regulated sector, which includes water and 
wastewater utilities and other regulated utilities, and to pursue growth ventures in market-based activities, such as 
infrastructure opportunities that are supplementary and complementary to our regulated businesses.    

Sendout 
Sendout represents the quantity of treated water delivered to our distribution systems.  We use sendout as an indicator of 
customer demand.  Weather conditions tend to impact water consumption, particularly during the late spring, summer, and 
early fall when discretionary and recreational use of water is at its highest.  Consequently, a higher proportion of annual 
operating revenues are realized in the second and third quarters. In general, during this period, an extended period of hot 
and dry weather increases water consumption, while above-average rainfall and cool weather decreases water 
consumption.  Conservation efforts, construction codes that require the use of low-flow plumbing fixtures, as well as 
mandated water use restrictions in response to drought conditions can reduce water consumption.  We believe an increase 
in conservation awareness by our customers, including the increased use of more efficient plumbing fixtures and 
appliances, may continue to result in a long-term structural trend of declining water usage per customer.  These gradual 
long-term changes are normally taken into account by the utility commissions in setting rates, whereas significant short-
term changes in water usage, resulting from drought warnings, water use restrictions, or extreme weather conditions, may 
not be fully reflected in the rates we charge between rate proceedings.    

On occasion, drought warnings and water use restrictions are issued by governmental authorities for portions of our 
service territories in response to extended periods of dry weather conditions, regardless of our ability to meet unrestricted 
customer water demands.  The timing and duration of the warnings and restrictions can have an impact on our water 
revenues and net income.  In general, water consumption in the summer months is affected by drought warnings and 
restrictions to a higher degree because discretionary and recreational use of water is highest during the summer months, 
particularly in our northern service territories. At other times of the year, warnings and restrictions generally have less of 
an effect on water consumption.  Currently, portions of our Pennsylvania (four counties), New Jersey, and Texas service 
areas are under drought warnings.  The entire Pennsylvania and New Jersey service areas are under drought watch.  

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Portions of our northern and central Texas service areas have conservation water restrictions.  Drought warnings and 
watches result in the public being asked to voluntarily reduce water consumption.        

The geographic diversity of our utility customer base reduces the effect of our exposure to extreme or unusual weather 
conditions in any one area of the country.  During the year ended December 31, 2016, our operating revenues were 
derived principally from the following states:  approximately 52% in Pennsylvania, 13% in Ohio, 9% in Texas, 8% in 
Illinois, and 7% in North Carolina. 

Performance Measures Considered by Management 
We consider the following financial measures (and the period to period changes in these financial measures) to be the 
fundamental basis by which we evaluate our operating results:  

• 
earnings per share;  
•  operating revenues;  
• 
• 
• 
•  net income; and  
• 

the dividend rate on common stock.   

income from continuing operations;  
earnings before interest, taxes, and depreciation (“EBITD”); 
earnings before income taxes as compared to our operating budget; 

In addition, we consider other key measures in evaluating our utility business performance within our Regulated segment:  

•  our number of utility customers;  
• 

the ratio of operations and maintenance expense compared to operating revenues (this percentage is termed 
“operating expense ratio”);  
return on revenues (income from continuing operations divided by operating revenues);  
rate base growth; 
return on equity (net income divided by stockholders’ equity); and  
the ratio of capital expenditures to depreciation expense.   

• 
• 
• 
• 

Furthermore, we review the measure of earnings before unusual items that are noncash and not directly related to our core 
business, such as the measure of adjusted earnings to remove the joint venture impairment charge, which was recognized 
in the fourth quarter of 2015.  Refer to Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Investment in Joint Venture 
in this Annual Report for information regarding the impairment charge.  We review these measurements regularly and 
compare them to historical periods, to our operating budget as approved by our Board of Directors, and to other publicly-
traded water utilities.  

Our operating expense ratio is one measure that we use to evaluate our operating efficiency and management effectiveness 
of our regulated operations.  Our operating expense ratio is affected by a number of factors, including the following: 

•  Regulatory lag – Our rate filings are designed to provide for the recovery of increases in costs of operations 

(primarily labor and employee benefits, electricity, chemicals, transportation, maintenance expenses, insurance and 
claim costs, and costs to comply with environmental regulations), capital, and taxes.  The revenue portion of the 
operating expense ratio can be impacted by the timeliness of recovery of, and the return on capital investments.  
The operating expense ratio is further influenced by regulatory lag (increases in operations and maintenance 
expenses not yet recovered in rates or a gap between the time that a capital project is completed and the start of its 
cost recovery in rates).  The operating expense ratio is also influenced by decreases in operating revenues without a 
commensurate decrease in operations and maintenance expense, such as changes in customer water consumption as 
impacted by adverse weather conditions, conservation trends, or as a result of utility rates incorporating the effects 
of income tax benefits derived from deducting qualifying utility asset improvements for tax purposes that are 
capitalized for book purposes in Aqua Pennsylvania and consequently forgoing operating revenue increases.  

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

During periods of inflation, our operations and maintenance expenses may increase, impacting the operating 
expense ratio, as a result of regulatory lag, since our rate cases may not be filed timely and are not retroactive.   

•  Acquisitions – In general, acquisitions of smaller undercapitalized utility systems in some areas may initially 

increase our operating expense ratio if the operating revenues generated by these operations are accompanied by a 
higher ratio of operations and maintenance expenses as compared to other operational areas of the company that are 
more densely populated and have integrated operations.  In these cases, the acquired operations are characterized as 
having relatively higher operating costs to fixed capital costs, in contrast to the majority of our operations, which 
generally consist of larger, interconnected systems, with higher fixed capital costs (utility plant investment) and 
lower operating costs per customer.  In addition, we operate market-based subsidiary companies, Aqua Resources 
and Aqua Infrastructure.  The cost-structure of these market-based companies differs from our utility companies in 
that, although they may generate free cash flow, these companies have a much higher ratio of operations and 
maintenance expenses to operating revenues and a lower capital investment and, consequently, a lower ratio of 
fixed capital costs versus operating revenues in contrast to our regulated operations.  As a result, the operating 
expense ratio is not comparable between the businesses.  These market-based subsidiary companies are not a 
component of our Regulated segment. 

We continue to evaluate initiatives to help control operating costs and improve efficiencies. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Consolidated Selected Financial and Operating Statistics 
Our selected five-year consolidated financial and operating statistics follow: 

Years ended December 31, 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

2012 

Utility customers: 

     Residential water 

     Commercial water 

     Industrial water 

     Other water 

     Wastewater 

Total utility customers 

Operating revenues: 

     Residential water 

     Commercial water 

     Industrial water 

     Other water 

     Wastewater 

     Other utility 

Regulated segment total 

Other and eliminations 

Consolidated operating revenues 

Operations and maintenance expense 

Joint venture impairment charge (1) 

Income from continuing operations 

Net income  

Capital expenditures 

Operating Statistics 

Selected operating results as a 

percentage of operating revenues: 

Operations and maintenance 

Depreciation and amortization 

Taxes other than income taxes  

Interest expense, net  

Income from continuing operations 

Return on Aqua America stockholders' equity 

Ratio of capital expenditures to depreciation expense 

Effective tax rate (2) 

 801,190    

 791,404  

 779,665    

 771,660    

 766,121  

 40,582    

 1,349    

 19,036    

 110,108    

 972,265    

 40,151  

 1,353  

 17,420  

 107,538  

 957,866  

 39,614    

 1,357    

 17,412    

 102,071    

 39,237    

 1,368    

 17,230    

 98,705    

 38,805  

 1,373  

 16,643  

 95,044  

 940,119    

 928,200    

 917,986  

$ 

 484,901   $ 

 477,773  

$ 

 460,013   $ 

 457,404   $ 

 441,240  

 131,170  

 126,677  

 122,795  

 121,178  

 117,559  

 27,916  

 62,983  

 82,780  

 10,357  

 800,107  

 19,768  

 28,021  

 56,997  

 79,399  

 10,746  

 779,613  

 34,591  

 27,369  

 59,474  

 76,472  

 9,934  

 756,057  

 23,846  

 25,263  

 57,446  

 73,062  

 10,174  

 744,527  

 17,366  

 24,822  

 70,693  

 68,225  

 10,416  

 732,955  

 17,730  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 819,875   $ 

 814,204  

 304,897   $ 

 309,310  

 -  $ 

 21,433  

 234,182   $ 

 201,790  

 234,182   $ 

 201,790  

 382,996   $ 

 364,689  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 779,903   $ 

 761,893   $ 

 750,685  

 288,556   $ 

 283,561   $ 

 270,042  

 -  $ 

 -  $ 

 - 

 213,884   $ 

 202,871   $ 

 181,837  

 233,239   $ 

 221,300   $ 

 196,563  

 328,605   $ 

 307,908   $ 

 347,098  

37.2% 

16.2% 

6.9% 

9.8% 

28.6% 

12.7% 

2.9 

8.2% 

38.0% 

15.8% 

6.8% 

9.4% 

24.8% 

11.7% 

2.9 

6.9% 

37.0% 

16.2% 

6.5% 

9.8% 

27.4% 

14.1% 

2.7 

10.5% 

37.2% 

16.3% 

6.9% 

10.1% 

26.6% 

14.4% 

2.6 

9.5% 

36.0% 

15.5% 

6.2% 

10.4% 

24.2% 

14.2% 

3.1 

26.4% 

(1)  Represents a $21,433 ($32,975 pre-tax) joint venture impairment charge.  This amount represents our share of the 

impairment charge recognized by our joint venture that operates a private pipeline to supply raw water to firms with 
natural gas well drilling operations.   

(2)  See Results of Operations – Income Taxes for a discussion of the effective tax rate change that commenced in 2012. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

Our income from continuing operations has grown at an annual compound rate of approximately 10.9% and our net 
income has grown at an annual compound rate of approximately 10.4% during the five-year period ended December 31, 
2016.  During the past five years, operating revenues grew at a compound rate of 3.8% and operating expenses grew at a 
compound rate of 4.2%.      

Operating Segments 
We have identified ten operating segments and we have one reportable segment based on the following:   

•  Eight segments are composed of our water and wastewater regulated utility operations in the eight states where we 
provide these services.  These operating segments are aggregated into one reportable segment since each of these 
operating segments has the following similarities: economic characteristics, nature of services, production 
processes, customers, water distribution and/or wastewater collection methods, and the nature of the regulatory 
environment.  Our single reportable segment is named the Regulated segment.      

•  Two segments are not quantitatively significant to be reportable and are composed of Aqua Resources and Aqua 

Infrastructure.  These segments are included as a component of “Other,” in addition to corporate costs that have not 
been allocated to the Regulated segment and intersegment eliminations.  Corporate costs include general and 
administrative expenses, and interest expense. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Unless specifically noted, the following discussion and analysis provides information on our consolidated results of 
continuing operations.  The following table provides the Regulated segment and consolidated information for the years 
ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014: 

Operating revenues 

Operations and maintenance expense 

Taxes other than income taxes  

2016 

2015 

Regulated 

Other and 
Eliminations  Consolidated  

Regulated 

Other and 
Eliminations  Consolidated 

$   800,107   $ 

 19,768   $ 

 819,875   

$   779,613   $ 

 34,591   $   814,204  

   285,347  

 19,550    

 304,897   

 282,866   

 26,444    

 309,310  

 53,916  

 2,469    

 56,385   

 52,361   

 2,696    

 55,057  

Earnings (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization 

$   460,844   $ 

 (2,251)   

 458,593   

$   444,386   $ 

 5,451    

 449,837  

Depreciation and amortization 

Operating income 

Other expense (income): 

Interest expense, net 

Allowance for funds used during construction 

Gain on sale of other assets 

Gain on extinguishment of debt 

Equity (income) loss in joint venture 

Provision for income taxes 

Net income  

Operating revenues 

Operations and maintenance expense 

Taxes other than income taxes  

 133,008   

 325,585   

 80,594   

 (8,815)  

 (378)  

 -  

 (976)  

 20,978   

 128,737  

 321,100  

 76,536  

 (6,219) 

 (468) 

 (678) 

 35,177  

 14,962  

$ 

 234,182   

$   201,790  

2014 

Regulated 

Other and 
Eliminations  Consolidated  

$   756,057   $ 

 23,846   $ 

 779,903   

 274,754   

 13,802    

 288,556   

 48,218   

 2,235    

 50,453   

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization 

$   433,085   $ 

 7,809    

 440,894   

Depreciation and amortization 

Operating income 

Other expense (income): 

Interest expense, net 

Allowance for funds used during construction 

Loss on sale of other assets 

Equity loss in joint venture 

Provision for income taxes 

Income from continuing operations 

Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes of $12,800 

Net income  

 126,535   

 314,359   

 76,397   

 (5,134)  

 4   

 3,989   

 25,219   

 213,884   

 19,355   

$ 

 233,239   

10 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Consolidated Results  
Operating Revenues – Operating revenues totaled $819,875 in 2016, $814,204 in 2015, and $779,903 in 2014.  The 
growth in revenues over the past three years is a result of increases in our customer base and our water and wastewater 
rates.  The number of customers increased at an annual compound rate of 1.4% over the past three years due to 
acquisitions and organic growth, adjusted to exclude customers associated with utility system dispositions.  Acquisitions 
in our Regulated segment have provided additional water and wastewater revenues of $8,201 in 2016, $8,900, in 2015, 
and $2,732 in 2014.  Rate increases implemented during the past three years have provided additional operating revenues 
of $4,319 in 2016, $8,503 in 2015, and $5,250 in 2014.     

On June 7, 2012, Aqua Pennsylvania reached a settlement agreement in its last rate filing with the Pennsylvania Public 
Utility Commission, which in addition to a water rate increase, provided for a reduction in current income tax expense as 
a result of the recognition of qualifying income tax benefits upon Aqua Pennsylvania changing its tax accounting method 
to permit the expensing of qualifying utility asset improvement costs that historically had been capitalized and depreciated 
for book and tax purposes.  In December 2012, Aqua Pennsylvania implemented this change which provides for the flow-
through of income tax benefits that resulted in a substantial reduction in income tax expense and greater net income and 
cash flow.  As a result, Aqua Pennsylvania was able to suspend its water Distribution System Improvement Charges in 
2013 and lengthen the amount of time until the next Aqua Pennsylvania rate case is filed.  During 2016, 2015, and 2014, 
the income tax accounting change resulted in income tax benefits of $78,530, $72,944, and $69,048 that reduced the 
Company’ current income tax expense and increased net income.  The Company recognized a tax deduction on its 2012 
Federal tax return of $380,000 for qualifying capital expenditures made prior to 2012, and based on the settlement 
agreement, beginning in 2013, the Company began to amortize 1/10th of these expenditures, or $38,000 annually, which 
reduced income tax expense and increased the Company’s net income by $16,734, which is included in the income tax 
benefits noted in the previous sentence.  In accordance with the settlement agreement, this amortization is expected to 
reduce income tax expense during periods when qualifying parameters are met.  Aqua Pennsylvania expects to file an 
infrastructure investment surcharge in 2017 and expects to file a rate case in 2018, with resolution of the rate case 
expected in 2019.        

Our operating subsidiaries received rate increases representing estimated annualized revenues of $3,589 in 2016 resulting 
from seven rate decisions, $3,347 in 2015 resulting from four rate decisions, and $9,886 in 2014 resulting from twelve 
rate decisions,.  Revenues from these increases realized in the year of grant were $1,801 in 2016, $2,887 in 2015, and 
$5,375 in 2014.  As of December 31, 2016, our operating subsidiaries have filed two rate requests, which are being 
reviewed by the state utility commissions, proposing an aggregate increase of $7,976 in annual revenues.  During 2017, 
we intend to file three additional rate requests proposing an aggregate of approximately $13,425 of increased annual 
revenues; the timing and extent to which our rate increase requests may be granted will vary by state.  

Currently, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, New Jersey, and North Carolina allow for the use of a surcharge for 
replacing and rehabilitating infrastructure systems.  The rate increases under this surcharge typically adjust periodically 
based on additional qualified capital expenditures completed or anticipated in a future period.  This surcharge is capped as 
a percentage of base rates, generally at 5% to 12.75% of base rates, and is reset to zero when new base rates that reflect 
the costs of those additions become effective or when a utility’s earnings exceed a regulatory benchmark.  These 
surcharges provided revenues of $7,379 in 2016, $3,261 in 2015, and $4,598 in 2014.      

Our Regulated segment also includes operating revenues of $10,357 in 2016, $10,746 in 2015, and $9,934 in 2014 
associated with contract operations that are integrated into the regulated utility business and operations.  These amounts 
vary over time according to the level of activity associated with the utility contract operations. 

In addition to the Regulated segment operating revenues, we recognized market-based revenues that are associated with 
Aqua Resources and Aqua Infrastructure of $20,091 in 2016, $34,909 in 2015, and $24,189 in 2014.  The decrease in 
revenues in 2016 is due to the disposition of business units within Aqua Resources.      

Operations and Maintenance Expenses – Operations and maintenance expenses totaled $304,897 in 2016, $309,310 in 
2015, and $288,556 in 2014.  Most elements of operating costs are subject to the effects of inflation and changes in the 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

number of customers served.  Several elements are subject to the effects of changes in water consumption, weather, and 
the degree of water treatment required due to variations in the quality of the raw water.  The principal elements of 
operating costs are labor and employee benefits, electricity, chemicals, transportation, maintenance expenses, insurance 
and claims costs, and costs to comply with environmental regulations.  Electricity and chemical expenses vary in 
relationship to water consumption, raw water quality, and price changes.  Maintenance expenses are sensitive to extremely 
cold weather, which can cause water mains to rupture, resulting in additional costs to repair the affected main.  
Operations and maintenance expenses decreased in 2016 as compared to 2015 by $4,413 or 1.4%, primarily due to: 

•  decreases in market-based activities expenses of $10,393; 
• 
• 

a decrease in water production costs of $3,156; 
the effects of the recognition in 2015 of leadership transition expenses of $2,510, the recording of a reserve of 
$1,862 for water rights held for future use, and the recording of a legal contingency reserve of $1,580;  
• 
the reversal of a reserve for a legal contingency of $1,580; 
•  offset by an increase in postretirement benefits of $5,554; and 
• 

additional operating costs associated with acquisitions of $4,538. 

Operations and maintenance expenses increased in 2015 as compared to 2014 by $20,754 or 7.2%, primarily due to:   

• 

additional operating costs associated with acquisitions, consisting of market-based activities of $8,313 and utility 
systems of $6,823;  
an increase in water productions costs of $3,401;  
leadership transition expenses of $2,510;  
the recording of a reserve of $1,862 for water rights held for future use;  
the recording of a legal contingency reserve of $1,580;  
the effect of the favorable recognition of a regulatory asset in 2014 of $1,575;  
an increase in legal fees of $1,420; and  

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
•  offset by a decrease in postretirement benefits expense of $4,447.   

The increase in water production costs of $3,401 was impacted by an increase in energy costs resulting from the extreme 
cold temperatures experienced in many of our service territories in the first quarter of 2015.  

Depreciation and Amortization Expenses – Depreciation expense was $130,987 in 2016, $125,290 in 2015, and 
$123,054 in 2014, and has increased principally as a result of the significant capital expenditures made to expand and 
improve our utility facilities, and our acquisitions of new utility systems.  The increase for 2015 was impacted by the 
absence of a credit recognized in 2014 for the effect of decreased depreciation rates implemented in our Texas operating 
subsidiary, offset by a decrease in depreciation rates, implemented in 2015, for Aqua Pennsylvania.   

Amortization expense was $2,021 in 2016, $3,447 in 2015, and $3,481 in 2014, and has decreased primarily due to the 
completion of the recovery of our costs associated with various rate filings.  Expenses associated with filing rate cases are 
deferred and amortized over periods that generally range from one to three years. 

Taxes Other than Income Taxes – Taxes other than income taxes totaled $56,385 in 2016, $55,057 in 2015, and $50,453 
in 2014.  The increase in 2016 was primarily due to an increase of $578 for pumping fees in Texas due to higher water 
production, a rate increase, and the addition of two water systems, and an increase in gross receipts, excise and franchise 
taxes of $502.  The increase in 2015 was primarily due to an increase in property taxes of $2,412 largely due to the effect 
of a non-recurring credit realized in 2014 that resulted in a reduction in property taxes for our Ohio operating subsidiary.   

Interest Expense, net – Net interest expense was $80,594 in 2016, $76,536 in 2015, and $76,397 in 2014.  Interest income 
of $217 in 2016, $272 in 2015, and $316 in 2014 was netted against interest expense.  Net interest expense increased in 
2016 due to an increase in average short-term borrowings of $9,808 at higher short-term interest rates and an increase in 
average outstanding fixed rate long-term debt of $98,006 partially offset by a decline in long-term interest rates.  Net 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

interest expense increased in 2015 due to an increase in average short-term borrowings of $13,977 and an increase in 
average outstanding fixed rate long-term debt of $91,785, partially offset by a decline in long-term interest rates.  Interest 
income decreased in 2015 due to lower investment rates.  The weighted average cost of fixed rate long-term debt was 
4.26% at December 31, 2016, 4.57% at December 31, 2015, and 4.85% at December 31, 2014.  The weighted average 
cost of fixed and variable rate long-term debt was 4.23% at December 31, 2016, 4.44% at December 31, 2015, and 4.65% 
at December 31, 2014.   

Allowance for Funds Used During Construction – The allowance for funds used during construction (“AFUDC”) was 
$8,815 in 2016, $6,219 in 2015, and $5,134 in 2014, and varies as a result of changes in the average balance of utility 
plant construction work in progress, to which AFUDC is applied, changes in the AFUDC rate which is based 
predominantly on short-term interest rates, changes in the balance of short-debt, changes in the amount of AFUDC related 
to equity, and changes in the average balance of the proceeds held from tax-exempt bond issuances that are restricted to 
funding specific capital projects.  The increase in 2016 and 2015 is primarily due to an increase in the AFUDC rate as a 
result of an increase in the amount of AFUDC related to equity and in 2016 and 2015 an increase in the average balance 
of utility plant construction work in progress, to which AFUDC is applied.  The amount of AFUDC related to equity was 
$6,561 in 2016, $4,621 in 2015, and $3,640 in 2014.    

(Gain) Loss on Sale of Other Assets – (Gain) loss on sale of other assets totaled $(378) in 2016, $(468) in 2015, and $4 in 
2014, and consists of the sales of property, plant and equipment and marketable securities.   

Gain on Extinguishment of Debt – The gain on extinguishment of debt of $678 in 2015 results from the recognition of 
the unamortized issuance premium for the early redemption of $95,985 of tax-exempt bonds at 5.00% that were originally 
maturing between 2035 and 2038.  

Equity (Earnings) Loss in Joint Venture – Equity (earnings) loss in joint venture totaled $(976) in 2016, $35,177 in 
2015, and $3,989 in 2014.  The equity earnings in 2016 resulted from the recognition of a connection fee earned by the 
joint venture in 2016 for which our share was $1,831 and a reduction in depreciation expense resulting from the noncash 
impairment charge recognized by the joint venture on its long-lived assets in 2015.  The increase in equity loss in joint 
venture in 2015 of $31,188 is primarily due to a noncash impairment charge recognized by the joint venture on its long-
lived assets for which our share was $32,975, partially offset by a decrease in depreciation expense resulting from the 
2015 increase in depreciable life for the joint venture’s pipeline assets.  The impairment charge was recognized in the 
fourth quarter of 2015 as a result of a determination that the long-lived assets, primarily consisting of a pipeline and pump 
station, had become impaired due to a marked decline in natural gas prices in 2015, and in particular a further decline in 
the fourth quarter of 2015, a distinguishable reduction in the volume of water sales by the joint venture which led to a 
lowered forecast in the fourth quarter of 2015 on future water sales volumes by the joint venture, as well as changes in the 
natural gas industry and market conditions.  These market conditions were largely associated with natural gas prices, 
which sharply declined in the fourth quarter and this downturn no longer appeared to be temporary and instead may be a 
long-term condition.   

Income Taxes – Our effective income tax rate was 8.2% in 2016, 6.9% in 2015, and 10.5% in 2014.  The effective 
income tax rate for 2016, 2015, and 2014 was affected by the 2012 income tax accounting change for qualifying utility 
asset improvements at Aqua Pennsylvania which resulted in a $78,530, $72,944, and $69,048 net reduction to the 
Company’s 2016, 2015, and 2014 Federal and state income tax expense, respectively.  As of December 31, 2016, the 
Company has an unrecognized tax benefit related to the Company’s change in its tax accounting method for qualifying 
utility asset improvement costs, of which $20,674 of these tax benefits would further reduce the Company’s effective 
income tax rate in the event the Company does sustain all, or a portion, of its tax position in the period this information is 
determined.          

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Summary – 

Operating income 

Income from continuing operations 
Income from discontinued operations 
Net income  

Diluted income from continuing operations per share 
Diluted income from discontinued operations per share 
Diluted net income per share 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Years ended December 31, 
2015 

2014 

2016 

 325,585   $ 

 321,100   $ 

 314,359  

 234,182   $ 

 201,790   $ 

 - 

 - 

 234,182   $ 

 201,790   $ 

 213,884  
 19,355  
 233,239  

 1.32   $ 
 - 
 1.32  

 1.14   $ 
 - 
 1.14  

 1.20  
 0.11  
 1.31  

The changes in the per share income from continuing operations in 2016 and 2015 over the previous years were due to the 
aforementioned changes.     

Although we have experienced increased income in the recent past, continued adequate rate increases reflecting increased 
operating costs and new capital investments, as well as a continuation of income tax benefits related to eligible utility 
asset improvement costs are important to the future realization of improved profitability.  

14 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Fourth Quarter Results – The following table provides our fourth quarter results: 

Operating revenues 

Operations and maintenance 
Depreciation   
Amortization 
Taxes other than income taxes  

Operating income 
Other expense (income): 
Interest expense, net  
Allowance for funds used during construction 
Loss (gain) on sale of other assets 
Gain on extinguishment of debt 
Equity loss in joint venture 
Income before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Net income  

Three Months Ended 
December 31, 

2016 
 196,799   $ 

2015 
 197,067  

$ 

 77,550  
 33,342  
 654  
 13,291  
 124,837  

 77,856  
 31,760  
 858  
 11,978  
 122,452  

 71,962  

 74,615  

 20,458  
 (2,369) 
 12  
 - 
 167  
 53,694  
 4,045  
 49,649   $ 

 19,732  
 (2,289) 
 (130) 
 (678) 
 33,681  
 24,299  
 (4,135) 
 28,434  

$ 

The decrease in operating revenues of $268 was primarily due to a decrease in market-based activities revenue of $4,945 
due to dispositions, offset by an increase in customer water consumption, additional revenues of $1,235 associated with a 
larger customer base due to utility acquisitions, and an increase in water and wastewater rates of $1,124.   

The decrease in operations and maintenance expense of $306 is due primarily to a decrease in market-based activities 
expenses of $4,169, and a decrease in the Company’s self-insured employee medical benefit program expense of $1,229, 
partially offset by an increase in postretirement benefits expense of $1,533, and additional operating costs associated with 
acquisitions of $500.   

Depreciation expense increased by $1,582 primarily due to the utility plant placed in service since December 31, 2015.   

The increase in other taxes of $1,313 is primarily due to an increase in property taxes of $900.   

Interest expense increased by $726 due to an increase in the average outstanding debt balance.   

The gain on extinguishment of debt recognized in 2015 is due to the recognition of the unamortized premium associated 
with the early redemption of long-term debt.   

The decrease in equity loss in joint venture of $33,514 is primarily due to the effect of the noncash impairment charge 
recognized in 2015 by the joint venture (discussed below under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations – Consolidated Cash Flow and Capital Expenditures – Joint Venture”) for which our 
share was $32,975.   

The provision for income taxes increased by $8,180 primarily as a result of the change in income before income taxes. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 

Consolidated Cash Flow and Capital Expenditures 
Net operating cash flows from continuing operations, dividends paid on common stock, capital expenditures used in 
continuing operations, including allowances for funds used during construction, and expenditures for acquiring water and 
wastewater systems for our continuing operations for the five years ended December 31, 2016 were as follows:  

Net Operating Cash 
Flows 

 Dividends 

  Capital Expenditures 

Acquisitions  

2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 

 375,823   
 365,409  
 364,888   
 370,794   
 395,788   
 1,872,702   

$ 

 93,423   
 102,889  
 112,106   
 121,248   
 130,923   
 560,589   

$ 

 347,098   
 307,908  
 328,605   
 364,689   
 382,996   
 1,731,296   

 121,248  
 14,997  
 14,616  
 28,989  
 9,423  
 189,273  

$ 

$ 

Included in capital expenditures for the five-year period are: expenditures for the rehabilitation of existing water and 
wastewater systems, the expansion of our water and wastewater systems, modernization and replacement of existing 
treatment facilities, water meters, office facilities, information technology, vehicles, and equipment.  During this five-year 
period, we received $31,166 of customer advances and contributions in aid of construction to finance new water mains 
and related facilities that are not included in the capital expenditures presented in the above table.  In addition, during this 
period, we have made repayments of debt of $914,684, and have refunded $22,029 of customers’ advances for 
construction.  Dividends increased during the past five years as a result of annual increases in the dividends declared and 
paid and increases in the number of shares outstanding. 

Our planned 2017 capital program, exclusive of the costs of new mains financed by advances and contributions in aid of 
construction, is estimated to be more than $450,000 in infrastructure improvements for the communities we serve.  The 
2017 capital program is expected to include $206,900 for infrastructure rehabilitation surcharge qualified projects, of 
which $175,800 is for Aqua Pennsylvania.  On January 1, 2013, Aqua Pennsylvania reset its water infrastructure 
rehabilitation surcharge to zero resulting from the change in its tax method of accounting for qualifying utility asset 
improvements as described below.  Although we were not eligible to use an infrastructure rehabilitation surcharge with 
our Aqua Pennsylvania water customers since 2012, we were able to use the income tax savings derived from the 
qualifying utility asset improvements to continue to maintain a similar capital investment program as 2012.  Our planned 
2017 capital program in Pennsylvania is estimated to be approximately $304,000 a portion of which is expected to be 
eligible as a deduction for qualifying utility asset improvements for Federal income tax purposes.  Our overall 2017 
capital program, along with $150,671 of debt repayments, and $200,395 of other contractual cash obligations, as reported 
in the section captioned “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – 
Contractual Obligations”, has been, or is expected to be, financed through internally-generated funds, our revolving credit 
facilities, and the issuance of long-term debt. 

Future utility construction in the period 2018 through 2019, including recurring programs, such as the ongoing 
replacement or rehabilitation of water meters, water mains, water treatment plant upgrades, storage facility renovations, 
and additional transmission mains to meet customer demands, exclusive of the costs of new mains financed by advances 
and contributions in aid of construction, is estimated to require aggregate expenditures of approximately $826,000.  We 
anticipate that less than one-half of these expenditures will require external financing.  We expect to refinance $193,532 
of long-term debt during this period as they become due with new issues of long-term debt, internally-generated funds, 
and our revolving credit facilities.  The estimates discussed above do not include any amounts for possible future 
acquisitions of water and wastewater systems or the financing necessary to support them. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations (including the allowed deferral of Federal income tax 
payments), borrowings under various short-term lines of credit and other credit facilities, and customer advances and 
contributions in aid of construction.  Our cash flow from operations, or internally-generated funds, is impacted by the 
timing of rate relief, water consumption, and changes in Federal tax laws with respect to accelerated tax depreciation or 
deductions for utility construction projects.  We fund our capital and typical acquisitions through internally-generated 
funds, supplemented by short-term lines of credit.  Over time, we partially repay or pay-down our short-term lines of 
credit with long-term debt.  The ability to finance our future construction programs, as well as our acquisition activities, 
depends on our ability to attract the necessary external financing and maintain internally-generated funds.  Rate orders 
permitting compensatory rates of return on invested capital and timely rate adjustments will be required by our operating 
subsidiaries to achieve an adequate level of earnings and cash flow to enable them to secure the capital they will need to 
operate and to maintain satisfactory debt coverage ratios. 

On June 7, 2012, Aqua Pennsylvania reached a settlement agreement in its rate filing with the Pennsylvania Public Utility 
Commission, which in addition to a water rate increase, provided for a reduction in current income tax expense as a result 
of the recognition of qualifying income tax benefits upon Aqua Pennsylvania changing its tax accounting method to 
permit the expensing of qualifying utility asset improvement costs that have historically been capitalized and depreciated 
for book and tax purposes.  In December 2012, Aqua Pennsylvania implemented this change, which resulted in a 
substantial reduction in income tax expense and greater net income and cash flow, and as a result allowed Aqua 
Pennsylvania to suspend its water Distribution System Improvement Charges in 2013 and lengthen the amount of time 
until the next Aqua Pennsylvania rate case is filed.  As a result of the Pennsylvania rate order, income tax benefits reduced 
the Company’s current income tax expense and increased net income by $69,048 in 2014, $72,944 in 2015, and $78,530 
in 2016.  The Company recognized a tax deduction on its 2012 Federal tax return of $380,000 for qualifying capital 
expenditures made prior to 2012, and based on the settlement agreement, beginning in 2013, the Company began to 
amortize 1/10th of these expenditures or $38,000 annually, which reduced income tax expense and increased the 
Company’s net income by $16,734.  In accordance with the settlement agreement, this amortization is expected to reduce 
income tax expense during periods when qualifying parameters are met.  During 2013, our Ohio and North Carolina 
operating divisions implemented this change in tax accounting method.  These divisions currently do not employ a 
method of accounting that provides for a reduction in current income taxes as a result of the recognition of income tax 
benefits, and as such the change in the Company’s tax method of accounting in these operating divisions has no impact on 
our effective income tax rate. 

The deduction for qualifying utility asset improvements is anticipated to continue in 2017 and beyond.  Our 2017 earnings 
will be impacted by the following factors in Aqua Pennsylvania:  the deduction for qualifying utility asset improvements 
in 2017 is expected to reduce current income tax expense and the ten year amortization of the qualifying capital 
expenditures made prior to 2012 is also expected to reduce current income tax expense; offset by the effect of regulatory 
lag.   

Acquisitions  
During the past five years, we have expended cash of $189,273 and issued 439,943 shares of common stock, valued at 
$12,845 at the time of acquisition, related to the acquisition of utility systems, both water and wastewater utilities, as well 
as investments in supplying raw water to the natural gas drilling industry.   

In January 2016, we acquired the water and wastewater utility system assets of Superior Water Company, Inc., which 
provided public water service to approximately 3,900 customers in portions of Berks, Chester, and Montgomery counties 
in Pennsylvania.  The total purchase price for the utility system was $16,750, which consisted of the issuance of 439,943 
shares of the Company’s common stock and $3,905 in cash.  Additionally, during 2016, we completed 18 acquisitions of 
water and wastewater utility systems for $5,518 in cash in eight of the states in which we operate in.   

In April 2015, we acquired the water and wastewater utility system assets of North Maine Utilities, located in the Village 
of Glenview, Illinois.  The total purchase price consisted of $23,079 in cash.  Additionally, during 2015, we completed 14 
acquisitions of water and wastewater utility systems for $5,210 in cash in six of the states in which we operate.   
17 

 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

During 2014, we completed 16 acquisitions of water and wastewater utility systems for $10,530 in cash in seven of the 
states in which we operate.  Further, in 2014, we acquired two market-based businesses that specialized in inspecting, 
cleaning and repairing storm and sanitary sewer lines, as well as providing water distribution system services and training 
to waterworks operators.  The total purchase price in aggregate was $4,810 and both these businesses were subsequently 
sold in November 2016 and January 2017.   

During 2013, we completed 15 acquisitions of water and wastewater utility systems for $14,997 in cash in four of the 
states in which we operate.   

As part of the Company’s growth-through-acquisition strategy, in July 2011, the Company entered into a definitive 
agreement with American Water to purchase all of the stock of the subsidiary that held American Water’s regulated water 
and wastewater operations in Ohio.  American Water’s Ohio operations served approximately 59,000 customers.  On May 
1, 2012, the Company completed its acquisition of American Water’s water and wastewater operations in Ohio.  The total 
purchase price at closing consisted of $102,154 in cash plus specific assumed liabilities, including debt of $14,281, as 
adjusted pursuant to the purchase agreement based on book value at closing.  The transaction has been accounted for as a 
business combination.  The Ohio acquisition was financed primarily from the proceeds from the January 1, 2012 sale of 
our Maine subsidiary, the May 1, 2012 sale of our New York subsidiary, and by the issuance of long-term and/or short-
term debt.  In addition to our Ohio acquisition, during 2012, we completed 16 acquisitions of water and wastewater utility 
systems for $19,094 in cash in six of the states in which we operate.  We included the operating results of these 
acquisitions in our consolidated financial statements beginning on the respective acquisition dates.   

We continue to pursue the acquisition of water and wastewater utility systems, and explore other utility acquisitions that 
may be in a new state.  Our typical acquisitions are expected to be financed with short-term debt with subsequent 
repayment from the proceeds of long-term debt, retained earnings, or equity issuances. 

Joint Venture 
In September 2011, one of our subsidiaries entered into a joint venture with a firm that operates natural gas pipelines and 
processing plants for the construction and operation of a private pipeline system to supply raw water to natural gas well 
drilling operations in the Marcellus Shale in north-central Pennsylvania (the “Joint Venture”).  We own 49% of the Joint 
Venture.  The initial 18-mile pipeline commenced operations in 2012.  The initial pipeline system was expanded for an 
additional 38 miles with a permitted intake on the Susquehanna River, which extended the pipeline to additional drillers.  
The total cost of this pipeline was $109,000.    The Joint Venture has entered into water supply contracts with natural gas 
drilling companies.  As of December 31, 2016, our capital contributions since inception totaled $53,643 in cash.  This 
investment has been financed through the issuance of long-term debt.   Our 49% investment in the Joint Venture is as an 
unconsolidated affiliate and is accounted for under the equity method of accounting.  Our investment is carried at cost, 
including capital contributions or distributions and our equity in earnings and losses since the commencement of the 
system’s operations.  In the fourth quarter of 2015 an impairment charge was recognized by the joint venture on its long-
lived assets, of which the Company’s share totaled $32,975 ($21,433 after-tax), representing our share of the noncash 
impairment charge as further described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Investment in Joint 
Venture in this Annual Report.         

Dispositions 
We routinely review and evaluate areas of our business and operating divisions and, over time, may sell utility systems or 
portions of systems.  In 2016, the Company sold two business units within Aqua Resources, which resulted in total 
proceeds of $4,459, and recognized a net loss of $543.  In 2013 and 2012, in accordance with our strategy to focus our 
resources on states where we have critical mass to improve our economies of scale and expect future economic growth, 
we sold water and wastewater systems in the following states:  Florida, New York, and Maine.  With respect to the sale of 
our systems in New York and the sale of our systems in Missouri to American Water, we acquired additional utility 
systems from American Water in Ohio and in Texas.  Additionally, in March, 2014, we completed the sale of our 
wastewater treatment facility in Georgia. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

In December 2014, we completed the sale of our water utility system in southwest Allen County Indiana to the City of 
Fort Wayne, Indiana for $67,011, which is comprised of $50,100 in addition to $16,911 the city initially paid the 
Company towards its water and wastewater system assets in the northern part of Fort Wayne in 2008.  We recognized a 
gain on sale of $29,210 ($17,611 after-tax) in the fourth quarter of 2014.  In addition, as a result of this transaction, Aqua 
Indiana will expand its sewer customer base by accepting new wastewater flows from the City.  Refer to Note 3 – 
Discontinued Operations and Other Disposition in this Annual Report for further information on this sale.   

In March, April, and December 2013, through five separate sales transactions, we completed the sale of our water and 
wastewater utility systems in Florida, which concluded our regulated operations in Florida.  The Company received total 
net proceeds from these sales of $88,934, and recognized a gain on sale of $21,178 ($13,766 after-tax).          
In June 2013, the Company sold a water and wastewater utility system in Texas for net proceeds of $3,400.  The sale 
resulted in the recognition of a gain on sale of these assets, net of expenses, of $1,025 ($615 after-tax).  The utility system 
represented approximately 0.04% of the Company’s total assets.   

In July 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with American Water to sell its operations in New York 
for its book value at closing plus specific assumed liabilities, including debt of approximately $23,000.  On May 1, 2012, 
the Company completed the sale for net proceeds of $36,688 in cash as adjusted pursuant to the sale agreement based on 
book value at closing.  The Company’s New York operations served approximately 51,000 customers.  The sale of our 
New York operations concluded our regulated operations in New York.  The proceeds were used to finance a portion of 
our acquisition of American Water’s Ohio subsidiary, pay-down a portion of our short-term debt, and other general 
corporate purposes.   

In July 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Connecticut Water Service, Inc. to sell its operations 
in Maine, which served approximately 16,000 customers, for cash at closing plus specific assumed liabilities, including 
debt of $17,364.  On January 1, 2012, we completed the sale for net proceeds of $36,870, and recognized a gain on sale of 
$17,699 ($10,821 after-tax).  The sale of our Maine operations concluded our regulated operations in Maine.  The 
proceeds were used to finance a portion of our acquisition of American Water’s Ohio subsidiary, pay-down a portion of 
our short-term debt, and other general corporate purposes.   

Despite these transactions, one of our primary strategies continues to be to acquire additional utility systems, to maintain 
our existing systems where there is a strategic business benefit, and to actively oppose unilateral efforts by municipal 
governments to acquire any of our operations.  

Sources of Capital  
Since net operating cash flow plus advances and contributions in aid of construction have not been sufficient to fully fund 
cash requirements, we issued $1,335,239 of long-term debt and obtained other short-term borrowings during the past five 
years.  At December 31, 2016, we have a $250,000 long-term revolving credit facility that expires in February 2021, of 
which $17,561 was designated for letter of credit usage, $207,439 was available for borrowing and $25,000 of borrowings 
were outstanding at December 31, 2016.  In addition, we have short-term lines of credit of $135,500, of which $128,965 
was available as of December 31, 2016.  These short-term lines of credit are subject to renewal on an annual basis.  
Although we believe we will be able to renew these facilities, there is no assurance that they will be renewed, or what the 
terms of any such renewal will be.     

Our consolidated balance sheet historically has had a negative working capital position, whereby routinely our current 
liabilities exceed our current assets.  Management believes that internally-generated funds along with existing credit 
facilities and the proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt will be adequate to provide sufficient working capital to 
maintain normal operations and to meet our financing requirements for at least the next twelve months.   

Our loan and debt agreements require us to comply with certain financial covenants, which among other things, subject to 
specific exceptions, limit the Company’s ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated total capitalization, and 
require a minimum level of earnings coverage over interest expense.  During 2016, we were in compliance with our debt 
covenants under our credit facilities.  Failure to comply with our debt covenants could result in an event of default, which 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

could result in us being required to repay or finance our borrowings before their due date, possibly limiting our future 
borrowings, and increasing our borrowing costs.   

The Company has a universal shelf registration statement, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, 
(“SEC”) on February 27, 2015, which allows for the potential future offer and sale by us, from time to time, in one or 
more public offerings, of an indeterminate amount of our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, and other 
securities specified therein at indeterminate prices.  The Company’s Board of Directors has authorized the Company to 
issue up to $500,000 of our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, and other securities specified therein under 
this universal shelf registration statement.  The Company has not issued any securities to date under this universal shelf 
registration statement.   

In addition, we have a shelf registration statement, which was filed with the SEC on February 27, 2015, to permit the 
offering from time to time of an aggregate of $500,000 of our common stock and shares of preferred stock in connection 
with acquisitions.  During 2016, we issued 439,943 shares of common stock totaling $12,845 to acquire a water system.  
The balance remaining available for use under the acquisition shelf registration as of December 31, 2016 is $487,155.   

We will determine the form and terms of any securities issued under the universal shelf registration statement and the 
acquisition shelf registration statement at the time of issuance.  

We offer a Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”) that provides a convenient and 
economical way to purchase shares of the Company.  Under the direct stock purchase portion of the Plan, shares are 
issued throughout the year.  The dividend reinvestment portion of the Plan offers a five percent discount on the purchase 
of shares of common stock with reinvested dividends.  As of the December 2016 dividend payment, holders of 10.7% of 
the common shares outstanding participated in the dividend reinvestment portion of the Plan.  The shares issued under the 
Plan are either original issue shares or shares purchased by the Company’s transfer agent in the open-market.  During the 
past five years, we have sold 1,218,407 original issue shares of common stock for net proceeds of $25,093 through the 
dividend reinvestment portion of the Plan, and we used the proceeds to invest in our operating subsidiaries, to repay short-
term debt, and for general corporate purposes.  In 2016, 2015, and 2014, 484,645, 535,439, and 558,317 shares of 
common stock were purchased under the dividend reinvestment portion of the Plan by the Company’s transfer agent in the 
open-market for $14,916, $14,380, and $14,148, respectively. 

The Company’s Board of Directors has authorized us to repurchase our common stock, from time to time, in the open 
market or through privately negotiated transactions.  In 2014, we repurchased 560,000 shares of our common stock in the 
open market for $13,280.  In December 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share buyback program of 
up to 1,000,000 shares to minimize share dilution through timely and orderly share repurchases.  In December 2015, the 
Company’s Board of Directors added 400,000 shares to this program.  In 2016, we did not repurchase any shares of our 
common stock in the open market under this program.  In 2015, we repurchased 805,000 shares of our common stock in 
the open market for $20,502.  This program expired on December 31, 2016.   

Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements 
We do not engage in any off-balance sheet financing arrangements.  We do not have any interest in entities referred to as 
variable interest entities, which includes special purpose entities and other structured finance entities. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Contractual Obligations 
The following table summarizes our contractual cash obligations as of December 31, 2016: 

                Payments Due By Period 

Long-term debt 
Interest on fixed-rate, long-term debt (1) 
Operating leases (2) 
Unconditional purchase obligations (3) 
Other purchase obligations (4) 
Pension plan obligation (5) 
Other obligations (6) 
Total 

$ 

$ 

Total 
 1,910,633   $ 
 1,392,112  
 20,610  
 38,964  
 72,572  
 15,421  
 33,880  
 3,484,192   $ 

Less than 1 
year 
 150,671   $ 
 80,878  
 1,713  
 7,658  
 72,572  
 15,421  
 22,153  
 351,066   $ 

1 - 3 years 

3 - 5 years 

More than 5 
years 
 1,455,167  
 1,029,654  
 13,515  
 13,587  
 - 
 - 
 7,327  
 2,519,250  

 111,263   $ 
 132,477  
 2,460  
 8,026  
 - 
 - 
 2,199  
 256,425   $ 

 193,532   $ 
 149,103  
 2,922  
 9,693  
 - 
 - 
 2,201  
 357,451   $ 

(1)  Represents interest payable on fixed rate, long-term debt.  Amounts reported may differ from actual due to future 

refinancing of debt.  

(2)  Represents operating leases that are noncancelable, before expiration, for the lease of motor vehicles, buildings, land 

and other equipment.  

(3)  Represents our commitment to purchase minimum quantities of water as stipulated in agreements with other water 
purveyors.  We use purchased water to supplement our water supply, particularly during periods of peak customer 
demand.  Our actual purchases may exceed the minimum required levels.  

(4)  Represents an approximation of the open purchase orders for goods and services purchased in the ordinary course of 

business. 

(5)  Represents contributions to be made to pension plan.  

(6)  Represents expenditures estimated to be required under legal and binding contractual obligations. 

In addition to these obligations, we pay refunds on customers’ advances for construction over a specific period of time 
based on operating revenues related to developer-installed water mains or as new customers are connected to and take 
service from such mains.  After all refunds are paid, any remaining balance is transferred to contributions in aid of 
construction.  The refund amounts are not included in the above table because the refund amounts and timing are 
dependent upon several variables, including new customer connections, customer consumption levels and future rate 
increases, which cannot be accurately estimated.  Portions of these refund amounts are payable annually through 2026 and 
amounts not paid by the contract expiration dates become non-refundable.  

In addition to the obligations disclosed in the contractual obligations table above, we have uncertain tax positions of 
$28,099.  Although we believe our tax positions comply with applicable law, we have made judgments as to the 
sustainability of each uncertain tax position based on its technical merits.  Due to the uncertainty of future cash outflows, 
if any, associated with our uncertain tax positions, we are unable to make a reasonable estimate of the timing or amounts 
that may be paid.  See Note 7 – Income Taxes in this Annual Report for further information on our uncertain tax positions.   

We will fund these contractual obligations with cash flows from operations and liquidity sources held by or available to 
us. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The Company is routinely involved in legal matters, including both asserted and unasserted legal claims, during the 
ordinary course of business.  See Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies in this Annual Report for a discussion of the 
Company’s legal matters.  It is not always possible for management to make a meaningful estimate of the potential loss or 
range of loss associated with such litigation.  Also, unanticipated changes in circumstances and/or revisions to the 
assessed probability of the outcomes of legal matters could result in expenses being incurred in future periods as well as 
an increase in actual cash required to resolve the legal matter.  

Capitalization 
The following table summarizes our capitalization during the past five years: 

December 31, 
Long-term debt (1) 
Aqua America stockholders' equity      

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

2012 

50.8% 
49.2% 
100.0% 

50.8% 
49.2% 
100.0% 

49.4% 
50.6% 
100.0% 

50.3% 
49.7% 
100.0% 

53.4% 
46.6% 
100.0% 

(1)  Includes current portion, as well as our borrowings under a variable rate revolving credit agreement of 
$25,000 at December 31, 2016, $60,000 at December 31, 2015, $72,000 at December 31, 2014, $0 at 
December 31, 2013, and $100,000 at December 31, 2012. 

Over the past five years, the changes in the capitalization ratios primarily resulted from the issuance of common stock, the 
issuance of debt to finance our acquisitions and capital program, growth in net income, and the declaration of dividends.   

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES 

Our financial condition and results of operations are impacted by the methods, assumptions, and estimates used in the 
application of critical accounting policies.  The following accounting policies are particularly important to our financial 
condition or results of operations, and require estimates or other judgments of matters of uncertainty.  Changes in the 
estimates or other judgments included within these accounting policies could result in a significant change to the financial 
statements.  We believe our most critical accounting policies include revenue recognition, the use of regulatory assets and 
liabilities, the valuation of our long-lived assets, which consist primarily of utility plant in service, regulatory assets, and 
goodwill, our accounting for post-retirement benefits, and our accounting for income taxes.  We have discussed the 
selection and development of our critical accounting policies and estimates with the Audit Committee of the Board of 
Directors.  

Revenue Recognition  ─ Our utility revenues recognized in an accounting period include amounts billed to customers on 
a cycle basis and unbilled amounts based on estimated usage from the last billing to the end of the accounting period.  The 
estimated usage is based on our judgment and assumptions; our actual results could differ from these estimates, which 
would result in operating revenues being adjusted in the period that the revision to our estimates is determined.   
In Virginia, we commence the billing of our utility customers, under new rates, upon authorization from the respective 
utility commission and before the final commission rate order is issued.  The revenue recognized reflects an estimate 
based on our judgment of the final outcome of the commission’s ruling.  We monitor the applicable facts and 
circumstances regularly, and revise the estimate as required.  The revenue billed and collected prior to the final ruling is 
subject to refund based on the commission’s final ruling.  

Regulatory Assets and Liabilities ─ We defer costs and credits on the balance sheet as regulatory assets and liabilities 
when it is probable that these costs and credits will be recognized in the rate-making process in a period different from 
when the costs and credits were incurred.  These deferred amounts, both assets and liabilities, are then recognized in the 
income statement in the same period that they are reflected in our rates charged for water or wastewater service.  In the 
event that our assessment as to the probability of the inclusion in the rate-making process is incorrect, the associated 
regulatory asset or liability would be adjusted to reflect the change in our assessment or change in regulatory approval. 

22 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
                                        
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets, Goodwill and Intangible Assets ─ We review our long-lived assets for impairment, 
including utility plant in service and investment in joint venture.  We also review regulatory assets for the continued 
application of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) accounting guidance for regulated operations.  Our 
review determines whether there have been changes in circumstances or events, such as regulatory disallowances, or 
abandonments, that have occurred that require adjustments to the carrying value of these assets.  Adjustments to the 
carrying value of these assets would be made in instances where their inclusion in the rate-making process is unlikely.  
For utility plant in service, we would recognize an impairment loss for any amount disallowed by the respective utility 
commission.  For our equity method investment in joint venture, the Company evaluates whether it has experienced a 
decline in the value of its investment that is other than temporary in nature.  We would recognize an impairment loss if the 
fair value of our investment is less than the carrying amount of the investment, and the decline in value is considered other 
than temporary.  Additionally, the Company would recognize its share of an impairment loss if the joint venture 
determines that the carrying amount of the joint venture’s assets exceeds the sum of the joint venture’s undiscounted 
estimated cash flows.   

Our long-lived assets, which consist primarily of utility plant in service, regulatory assets and investment in joint venture, 
are reviewed for impairment when changes in circumstances or events occur.  These circumstances or events could 
include a decline in the market value or physical condition of a long-lived asset, an adverse change in the manner in which 
long-lived assets are used or planned to be used, a change in historical trends, operating cash flows associated with the 
long-lived assets, changes in macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, or overall financial performance.  
When these circumstances or events occur, we determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of those 
assets is less than their carrying amount.  If we determine that it is more likely than not (that is, the likelihood of more 
than 50 percent), we would recognize an impairment charge if it is determined that the carrying amount of an asset 
exceeds the sum of the undiscounted estimated cash flows.  In this circumstance, we would recognize an impairment 
charge equal to the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset.  Fair value is estimated to be 
the present value of future net cash flows associated with the asset, discounted using a discount rate commensurate with 
the risk and remaining life of the asset. This assessment requires significant management judgment and estimates that are 
based on budgets, general strategic business plans, historical trends and other data and relevant factors.  These estimates 
include significant inherent uncertainties, since they involve forecasting future events.  If changes in circumstances or 
events occur, or estimates and assumptions that were used in this review are changed, we may be required to record an 
impairment charge on our long-lived assets.   

We have an investment in a joint venture, for which we own 49%, and use the equity method of accounting to account for 
this joint venture.  The joint venture operates a private pipeline system to supply raw water to natural gas well drilling 
operations in the Marcellus Shale in north central Pennsylvania.  In the fourth quarter of 2015, the joint venture 
recognized an impairment charge on its long-lived assets, of which the Company’s share totaled $32,975 ($21,433 after-
tax), representing our share of the noncash impairment charge.  Refer to Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting 
Policies – Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation, and Investment in Joint Venture in this Annual Report for 
additional information regarding the review of long-lived assets for impairment.  See also Consolidated Results – Equity 
(Earnings) Loss in Joint Venture above in this Annual Report.   

We test the goodwill attributable for each of our reporting units for impairment at least annually on July 31, or more often, 
if circumstances indicate a possible impairment may exist.  When testing goodwill for impairment, we may assess 
qualitative factors, including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall 
financial performance, and entity specific events, for some or all of our reporting units to determine whether it’s more 
likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  Alternatively, we may bypass this 
qualitative assessment for some of our reporting units and perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test by determining 
the fair value of a reporting unit based on a discounted cash flow analysis.  If we perform a quantitative test and determine 
that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we would determine the reporting unit’s implied fair 
value of its goodwill and compare it with the carrying amount of its goodwill to measure such impairment.  The 
assessment requires significant management judgment and estimates that are based on budgets, general strategic business 
plans, historical trends and other data and relevant factors.  If changes in circumstances or events occur, or estimates and 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

assumptions that were used in our impairment test change, we may be required to record an impairment charge for 
goodwill.  Refer to Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Goodwill in this Annual Report for 
information regarding the results of our annual impairment test.   

Accounting for Post-Retirement Benefits ─ We maintain a qualified defined benefit pension plan and plans that provide 
for post-retirement benefits other than pensions.  Accounting for pension and other post-retirement benefits requires an 
extensive use of assumptions about the discount rate, expected return on plan assets, the rate of future compensation 
increases received by our employees, mortality, turnover and medical costs.  Each assumption is reviewed annually with 
assistance from our actuarial consultant, who provides guidance in establishing the assumptions.  The assumptions are 
selected to represent the average expected experience over time and may differ in any one year from actual experience due 
to changes in capital markets and the overall economy.  These differences will impact the amount of pension and other 
post-retirement benefits expense that we recognize.     

Our discount rate assumption, which is used to calculate the present value of the projected benefit payments of our post-
retirement benefits, was determined by selecting a hypothetical portfolio of high quality corporate bonds appropriate to 
match the projected benefit payments of the plans.  The selected bond portfolio was derived from a universe of Aa-graded 
corporate bonds, all of which were noncallable (or callable with make-whole provisions), and have at least $50,000 in 
outstanding value.  The discount rate was then developed as the rate that equates the market value of the bonds purchased 
to the discounted value of the projected benefit payments of the plans.  A decrease in the discount rate would increase our 
post-retirement benefits expense and benefit obligation.  After reviewing the hypothetical portfolio of bonds, we selected 
a discount rate of 4.13% for our pension plan and 4.25% for our other post-retirement benefit plans as of December 31, 
2016, which represent a 35 basis-point decrease as compared to the discount rates selected at December 31, 2015, 
respectively.  Our post-retirement benefits expense under these plans is determined using the discount rate as of the 
beginning of the year, which was 4.48% for our pension plan and 4.60% for our other-postretirement benefit plans for 
2016, and will be 4.13% for our pension plan and 4.25% for our other post-retirement benefit plans for 2017.        

Our expected return on plan assets is determined by evaluating the asset class return expectations with our advisors as 
well as actual, long-term, historical results of our asset returns.  The Company’s market-related value of plan assets is 
equal to the fair value of the plans’ assets as of the last day of its fiscal year, and is a determinant for the expected return 
on plan assets, which is a component of post-retirement benefits expense.  The allocation of our plans’ assets impacts our 
expected return on plan assets.  The expected return on plan assets is based on a targeted allocation of 25% to 75% 
domestic equities, 0% to 10% international equities, 25% to 50% fixed income, 0% to 5% alternative investments, and 0% 
to 20% cash and cash equivalents.  Our post-retirement benefits expense increases as the expected return on plan assets 
decreases.  We believe that our actual long-term asset allocations on average will approximate our targeted allocations.  
Our targeted allocations are driven by our investment strategy to earn a reasonable rate of return while maintaining risk at 
acceptable levels through the diversification of investments across and within various asset categories.  For 2016, we used 
a 7.25% expected return on plan assets assumption which will decrease to 7.00% for 2017. 

In October 2014, the Society of Actuaries issued an updated set of mortality tables and a mortality improvement scale.  
The updated mortality tables extend the assumed life expectancy of participants in defined benefit plans, and the updated 
mortality improvement scale projects how mortality rates will improve into the future based on anticipated medical 
innovations and a reduction in unhealthy behaviors.  We considered the mortality data at the December 31, 2014 
measurement of our post-retirement benefit obligations in relation to our plans’ participant population experience and 
adopted the updated mortality table and mortality improvement scale.  Because mortality is a key assumption in 
developing actuarial estimates, the impact of adopting the mortality data was, an increase in our post-retirement benefit 
obligation as of December 31, 2014 of $14,400 and an increase in our 2015 net periodic benefit costs of $2,500, of which 
approximately $900 had an impact on our 2015 post-retirement benefits expense, due to the regulatory treatment of our 
net periodic benefit costs. 

Funding requirements for qualified defined benefit pension plans are determined by government regulations and not by 
accounting pronouncements.  In accordance with funding rules and our funding policy, during 2017 our pension 
contribution is expected to be $15,421.  Future years’ contributions will be subject to economic conditions, plan 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

participant data and the funding rules in effect at such time as the funding calculations are performed, though we expect 
future changes in the amount of contributions and expense recognized to be generally included in customer rates.   

Accounting for Income Taxes ─ We estimate the amount of income tax payable or refundable for the current year and the 
deferred income tax liabilities and assets that results from estimating temporary differences resulting from the treatment of 
specific items, such as depreciation, for tax and financial statement reporting.  Generally, these differences result in the 
recognition of a deferred tax asset or liability on our consolidated balance sheet and require us to make judgments 
regarding the probability of the ultimate tax impact of the various transactions we enter into.  Based on these judgments, 
we may record tax reserves or adjustments to valuation allowances on deferred tax assets to reflect the expected 
realization of future tax benefits.  Actual income taxes could vary from these estimates and changes in these estimates can 
increase income tax expense in the period that these changes in estimates occur. 

Our determination of what qualifies as a capital cost versus a tax deduction, for qualifying utility asset improvements, as it 
relates to our income tax accounting method change beginning in 2012, is subject to subsequent adjustment as well as IRS 
audits, changes in income tax laws, including regulations regarding tax-basis depreciation as it applies to our capital 
expenditures, or qualifying utility asset improvements, the expiration of a statute of limitations, or other unforeseen matters 
could impact the tax benefits that have already been recognized.  We establish reserves for uncertain tax positions based 
upon management’s judgment as to the sustainability of these positions.  These accounting estimates related to the 
uncertain tax position reserve require judgments to be made as to the sustainability of each uncertain tax position based on 
its technical merits.  We believe our tax positions comply with applicable law and that we have adequately recorded 
reserves as required.  However, to the extent the final tax outcome of these matters is different than our estimates 
recorded, we would then need to adjust our tax reserves which could result in additional income tax expense or benefits in 
the period that this information is known. 

IMPACT OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 

We describe the impact of recent accounting pronouncements in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in 
this Annual Report.  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Management’s Report On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Management of Aqua America, Inc. (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal 
control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  
The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  The Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable 
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in 
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.  

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate.  

In assessing the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, management used the criteria set forth by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control-Integrated 
Framework (2013).  As a result of management’s assessment and based on the criteria in the framework, management has 
concluded that, as of December 31, 2016, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective. 

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 has been audited by 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included 
herein.  

Christopher H. Franklin 
 President and Chief Executive Officer 

David P. Smeltzer 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 

February 24, 2017 

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Aqua America, Inc.: 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of net income, of 
comprehensive income, of capitalization, of equity and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of Aqua America, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of their operations and 
their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016 in conformity with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all 
material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 based on criteria established 
in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for 
maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal 
control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial 
Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, and on the Company's internal control 
over financial reporting based on our integrated audits.  We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the 
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether 
effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audits of the financial 
statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the 
overall financial statement presentation.  Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing 
and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk.  Our audits also 
included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits 
provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies 
and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded 
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, 
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management 
and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of 
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate. 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 
February 24, 2017 

27 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

December 31, 2016 and 2015  

Assets 

Property, plant and equipment, at cost 
Less: accumulated depreciation 
Net property, plant and equipment 

Current assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts receivable and unbilled revenues, net 
Inventory, materials and supplies 
Prepayments and other current assets 
Assets held for sale 

Total current assets 

Regulatory assets 
Deferred charges and other assets, net 
Investment in joint venture 
Goodwill 
Total assets 

Aqua America stockholders' equity: 

Liabilities and Equity 

Common stock at $.50 par value, authorized 300,000,000 shares, issued 180,311,345 and 179,363,660 in 2016 and 2015 
Capital in excess of par value 
Retained earnings 
Treasury stock, at cost, 2,916,969 and 2,819,569 shares in 2016 and 2015 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Total stockholders' equity 

Long-term debt, excluding current portion 
Less:  debt issuance costs 
Long-term debt, excluding current portion, net of debt issuance costs 
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 9) 

Current liabilities: 

Current portion of long-term debt 
Loans payable 
Accounts payable 
Accrued interest 
Accrued taxes 
Other accrued liabilities 

Total current liabilities 

Deferred credits and other liabilities: 

Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits 
Customers' advances for construction 
Regulatory liabilities 
Other 

Total deferred credits and other liabilities 

Contributions in aid of construction 
Total liabilities and equity 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

28 

2016 

2015 

$ 

 6,509,117   $ 
 1,507,502  
 5,001,615  

 6,088,011  
 1,399,086  
 4,688,925  

$ 

$ 

 3,763  
 97,394  
 12,961  
 12,804  
 1,728  
 128,650  

 948,647  
 30,845  
 7,026  
 42,208  
 6,158,991   $ 

 90,155   $ 
 797,513  
 1,032,844  
 (71,113) 
 669  
 1,850,068  

 1,759,962  
 22,357  
 1,737,605  
 - 

 150,671  
 6,535  
 59,872  
 18,367  
 25,607  
 40,484  
 301,536  

 1,269,253  
 91,843  
 250,635  
 115,583  
 1,727,314  

 3,229  
 99,146  
 12,414  
 11,802  
 1,779  
 128,370  

 830,118  
 28,878  
 7,716  
 33,866  
 5,717,873  

 89,682  
 773,585  
 930,061  
 (68,085) 
 687  
 1,725,930  

 1,743,612  
 23,165  
 1,720,447  
 - 

 35,593  
 16,721  
 56,452  
 12,651  
 21,887  
 49,895  
 193,199  

 1,118,923  
 86,934  
 259,507  
 100,498  
 1,565,862  

 542,468  
 6,158,991   $ 

 512,435  
 5,717,873  

$ 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET INCOME 

(In thousands, except per share amounts) 

Years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014  

Operating revenues 

Operating costs and expenses: 
Operations and maintenance 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Taxes other than income taxes 

Total operating expenses 

Operating income   
Other expense (income): 
Interest expense, net 
Allowance for funds used during construction 
(Gain) loss on sale of other assets 
Gain on extinguishment of debt 
Equity (earnings) loss in joint venture 

Income from continuing operations before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Income from continuing operations   

Discontinued operations: 

Income from discontinued operations before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 

Income from discontinued operations 
Net income  

Income from continuing operations per share: 

Basic  
Diluted 

Income from discontinued operations per share: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Net income per common share: 

Basic  
Diluted 

2016 

2015 

2014 

$ 

 819,875  $ 

 814,204  $ 

 779,903 

 304,897 
 130,987 
 2,021 
 56,385 
 494,290 

 309,310 
 125,290 
 3,447 
 55,057 
 493,104 

 288,556 
 123,054 
 3,481 
 50,453 
 465,544 

 325,585 

 321,100 

 314,359 

 80,594 
 (8,815) 
 (378) 
 - 
 (976) 
 255,160 
 20,978 
 234,182 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 76,536 
 (6,219) 
 (468) 
 (678) 
 35,177 
 216,752 
 14,962 
 201,790 

 - 
 - 
 - 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 

 234,182  $ 

 201,790  $ 

 1.32  $ 
 1.32  $ 

 1.14  $ 
 1.14  $ 

 -  $ 
 -  $ 

 -  $ 
 -  $ 

 1.32  $ 
 1.32  $ 

 1.14  $ 
 1.14  $ 

 76,397 
 (5,134) 
 4 
 - 
 3,989 
 239,103 
 25,219 
 213,884 

 32,155 
 12,800 
 19,355 
 233,239 

 1.21 
 1.20 

 0.11 
 0.11 

 1.32 
 1.31 

Average common shares outstanding during the period: 
    Basic 
    Diluted 

 177,273 
 177,846 

 176,788 
 177,517 

 176,864 
 177,763 

Cash dividends declared per common share 

$ 

 0.7386  $ 

 0.686  $ 

 0.634 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.  

29 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

(In thousands of dollars) 

Years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014  

Net income  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: 

2016 
 234,182  $ 

2015 
 201,790  $ 

2014 
 233,239  

$ 

Unrealized holding (loss) gain on investments, net of tax (benefit) expense of $21, 
$(53), and $104 for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively 
Reclassification adjustment for loss (gain) reported in net income, net of tax (benefit) 
expense of $30 and $(134) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2016 and 2014, 
respectively (1) 

Comprehensive income 

 39   

 (101)  

 193  

 (57)  
 234,164  $ 

 -  
 201,689  $ 

 249  
 233,681  

$ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.  

(1) Amount of pre-tax loss (gain) of $(87) and $383 reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to loss 
(gain) on sale of other assets on the consolidated statements of net income for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 
2014, respectively.   

30 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CAPITALIZATION 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

December 31, 2016 and 2015  

Aqua America stockholders' equity: 
Common stock, $.50 par value 
Capital in excess of par value 
Retained earnings 
Treasury stock, at cost 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Total stockholders' equity 

Long-term debt of subsidiaries (substantially secured by utility plant): 

Interest Rate Range 
0.00% to  0.99% 
1.00% to  1.99% 
2.00% to  2.99% 
3.00% to  3.99% 
4.00% to  4.99% 
5.00% to  5.99% 
6.00% to  6.99% 
7.00% to  7.99% 
8.00% to  8.99% 
9.00% to  9.99% 
10.00% to  10.99% 

Maturity Date Range 
2023 to 2033 
2019 to 2035 
2024 to 2031 
2019 to 2056 
2020 to 2054 
2017 to 2043 
2017 to 2036 
2022 to 2027 
2021 to 2025 
2018 to 2026 
2018 

Notes payable to bank under revolving credit agreement, variable rate, due 2021 
Unsecured notes payable: 

Bank notes at 1.921% and 1.975% due 2017 and 2018 
Notes at 3.57% and 3.59% due 2027 and 2041 
Notes ranging from 4.62% to 4.87%, due 2017 through 2024 
Notes ranging from 5.20% to 5.95%, due 2017 through 2037 

Total long-term debt 

Current portion of long-term debt 
Long-term debt, excluding current portion 
Less:  debt issuance costs 
Long-term debt, excluding current portion, 

2016 

2015 

$ 

 90,155   $ 
 797,513  
 1,032,844  
 (71,113) 
 669  
 1,850,068  

 89,682  
 773,585  
 930,061  
 (68,085) 
 687  
 1,725,930  

 4,661  
 15,539  
 19,668  
 381,944  
 487,318  
 213,078  
 52,985  
 33,066  
 6,565  
 26,400  
 6,000  
 1,247,224  
 25,000  

 100,000  
 245,000  
 133,600  
 159,809  
 1,910,633  

 150,671  
 1,759,962  
 22,357  
 1,737,605  

 5,148  
 20,811  
 19,167  
 297,275  
 487,093  
 221,435  
 52,964  
 33,762  
 14,502  
 27,100  
 6,000  
 1,185,257  
 60,000  

 100,000  
 120,000  
 144,400  
 169,548  
 1,779,205  

 35,593  
 1,743,612  
 23,165  
 1,720,447  

Total capitalization 

$ 

 3,587,673   $ 

 3,446,377  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

31 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY 

(In thousands of dollars) 

Retained 
earnings 

Treasury 
stock 

Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income 

Noncontrolling 
Interest 

  Total 

 729,272   $   (27,082)  $ 
 233,239  

 - 

 346   $ 
 - 

 208   $ 
 40  

 1,535,043  
 233,279  

Balance at December 31, 2013 
Net income  

Purchase of subsidiary shares from 
noncontrolling interest 

Other comprehensive income, net of income 
tax of $238 
Dividends 

Repurchase of stock (659,666 shares)      
Equity compensation plan (212,920 shares) 

Exercise of stock options (449,412 shares) 
Stock-based compensation 

Employee stock plan tax benefits 

Other 
Balance at December 31, 2014 
Net income  

Other comprehensive loss, net of income tax 
benefit of $53 
Dividends 

Sale of stock (26,295 shares) 
Repurchase of stock (981,585 shares)      

Equity compensation plan (321,402 shares) 

Exercise of stock options (424,709 shares) 
Stock-based compensation 

Employee stock plan tax benefits 
Other 
Balance at December 31, 2015 
Net income  

Other comprehensive loss, net of income tax 
benefit of $9 
Dividends 

Stock issued for acquisition (439,943 shares) 
Sale of stock (47,478 shares) 

Repurchase of stock (97,400 shares)      
Equity compensation plan (231,502 shares) 

Exercise of stock options (228,762 shares) 
Stock-based compensation 

Employee stock plan tax benefits 

Other 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Capital in 
excess of 
par value 

Common 
stock 
 88,964   $   743,335   $ 

$ 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 107  

 225  
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 (107) 

 7,071  
 6,811  

 1,828  

 - 

 - 
 (112,106) 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

   (15,756) 
 - 

 - 
 (453) 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 89,296  
 - 

 (793) 
   758,145  
 - 

 - 
 849,952  
 201,790  

 - 
   (42,838) 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 13  
 - 

 161  

 212  
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 (121,248) 

 - 
 - 

 664  
 - 

 (161) 

 7,328  
 5,860  

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 (433) 

 - 
   (25,247) 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 89,682  
 - 

 2,602  
 (853) 
   773,585  
 - 

 - 
 - 
 930,061  
 234,182  

 - 
 - 
   (68,085) 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 220  
 24  

 - 
 115  

 114  
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 (130,923) 

 12,625  
 1,364  

 - 
 (115) 

 4,146  
 5,390  

 1,329  

 (811) 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 (476) 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 (3,028) 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

$ 

 90,155   $   797,513   $   1,032,844   $   (71,113)  $ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

32 

 - 

 (208) 

 (208) 

 442  
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 788  
 - 

 (101) 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 687  
 - 

 (18) 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 442  
 (112,106) 

 (15,756) 
 - 

 7,296  
 6,358  

 1,828  

 - 
 40  
 - 

 (793) 
 1,655,383  
 201,790  

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 (40) 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 (101) 
 (121,248) 

 677  
 (25,247) 

 - 

 7,540  
 5,427  

 2,602  
 (893) 
 1,725,930  
 234,182  

 (18) 
 (130,923) 

 12,845  
 1,388  

 (3,028) 
 - 

 4,260  
 4,914  

 1,329  

 - 
 669   $ 

 - 
 -  $ 

 (811) 
 1,850,068  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

(In thousands of dollars) 

Years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income  
Income from discontinued operations 

Income from continuing operations 
Adjustments to reconcile income from continuing operations to net cash flows from operating activities: 

Depreciation and amortization            
Deferred income taxes 
Provision for doubtful accounts 
Share-based compensation 
Gain on sale of utility system and market-based business unit 
(Gain) loss on sale of other assets 
Gain on extinguishment of debt 

Equity (earnings) loss in joint venture 
Net change in receivables, inventory and prepayments 
Net change in payables, accrued interest, accrued taxes and other accrued liabilities 
Change in income tax receivable 
Other 

Operating cash flows from continuing operations 
Operating cash flows used in discontinued operations, net 
Net cash flows from operating activities 
Cash flows from investing activities: 

Property, plant and equipment additions, including the debt component of allowance for funds used during construction of $2,220, $1,598, 
and $1,494 
Acquisitions of utility systems and other, net 
Release of funds previously restricted for construction activity 
Net proceeds from the sale of utility systems and other assets 
Other 

Investing cash flows used in continuing operations 
Investing cash flows from discontinued operations, net 
Net cash flows used in investing activities 
Cash flows from financing activities: 

Customers' advances and contributions in aid of construction 
Repayments of customers' advances 

Net repayments of short-term debt 
Proceeds from long-term debt 
Repayments of long-term debt 
Change in cash overdraft position 
Proceeds from issuing common stock 
Proceeds from exercised stock options 
Share-based compensation windfall tax benefits 
Repurchase of common stock 
Dividends paid on common stock 
Other 

Financing cash flows (used in) from continuing operations 
Financing cash flows used in discontinued operations, net 
Net cash flows (used in) from financing activities 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

Cash paid during the year for: 

Interest, net of amounts capitalized 
Income taxes 

Non-cash investing activities: 

Property, plant and equipment additions purchased at the period end, but not yet paid 
Non-cash customer advances for construction  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

2016 

2015 

2014 

$ 

 234,182  $ 

 201,790  $ 

 - 
 234,182 

 133,008 
 17,250 
 5,505 
 5,390 
 (744) 
 (378) 
 - 

 (976) 
 (3,974) 
 4,756 
 - 
 1,769 
 395,788 
 - 
 395,788 

 (382,996) 
 (9,423) 
 - 
 7,746 
 1,464 
 (383,209) 
 - 
 (383,209) 

 7,263 
 (3,763) 

 (10,186) 
 503,586 
 (373,087) 
 (8,076) 
 1,388 
 4,260 
 1,332 
 (3,028) 
 (130,923) 
 (811) 
 (12,045) 
 - 
 (12,045) 
 534 
 3,229 
 3,763  $ 

 - 
 201,790 

 128,737 
 16,506 
 5,765 
 5,860 
 - 
 (468) 
 (678) 

 35,177 
 (6,520) 
 (3,469) 
 - 
 (11,906) 
 370,794 
 - 
 370,794 

 (364,689) 
 (28,989) 
 47 
 648 
 (1,079) 
 (394,062) 
 - 
 (394,062) 

 5,904 
 (3,977) 

 (1,677) 
 560,544 
 (400,407) 
 (739) 
 677 
 7,540 
 1,842 
 (25,247) 
 (121,248) 
 (853) 
 22,359 
 - 
 22,359 
 (909) 
 4,138 
 3,229  $ 

 66,067  $ 
 2,739 

 70,103  $ 
 6,902 

 35,145  $ 
 26,234 

 25,612  $ 
 27,992 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 233,239 
 19,355 
 213,884 

 126,535 
 31,477 
 5,838 
 6,819 
 - 
 4 
 - 

 3,989 
 (20,299) 
 470 
 7,873 
 (11,702) 
 364,888 
 (1,100) 
 363,788 

 (328,605) 
 (14,616) 
 - 
 558 
 279 
 (342,384) 
 49,883 
 (292,501) 

 6,064 
 (4,028) 

 (18,342) 
 317,699 
 (253,192) 
 (322) 
 - 
 7,296 
 1,422 
 (15,756) 
 (112,106) 
 (793) 
 (72,058) 
 (149) 
 (72,207) 
 (920) 
 5,058 
 4,138 

 72,441 
 4,348 

 31,050 
 43,642 

See Note 2 – Acquisitions, Note 10 – Long-term Debt and Loans Payable, and Note 14 – Employee Stock and Incentive 
Plan for a description of non-cash activities.    

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Nature of Operations ─ Aqua America, Inc. (“Aqua America,” the “Company,” “we,” “our”, or “us”) is the 
holding company for regulated utilities providing water or wastewater services concentrated in Pennsylvania, 
Ohio, Texas, Illinois, North Carolina, New Jersey, Indiana, and Virginia.  Our largest operating subsidiary is 
Aqua Pennsylvania, Inc., which accounted for approximately 52% of our operating revenues and approximately 
74% of our net income for 2016.  As of December 31, 2016, Aqua Pennsylvania provided water or wastewater 
services to approximately one-half of the total number of people we serve.  Aqua Pennsylvania’s service territory 
is located in the suburban areas north and west of the City of Philadelphia and in 27 other counties in 
Pennsylvania.  The Company’s other regulated utility subsidiaries provide similar services in seven other states.  
In addition, the Company’s market-based activities are conducted through Aqua Resources, Inc. and Aqua 
Infrastructure LLC.  Aqua Resources provides water and wastewater services through operating and maintenance 
contracts with municipal authorities and other parties in close proximity to our utility companies’ service 
territories; and offers, through a third party, water and wastewater line repair service and protection solutions to 
households.  In addition, in 2016, the Company sold the following business units of Aqua Resources, which were 
reported as assets held for sale in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets: 

• 
• 

a business unit which provided liquid waste hauling and disposal services; and 
a business unit which inspected, cleaned and repaired storm and sanitary wastewater lines.   

Additionally, in 2016, the Company decided to market for sale a business unit within Aqua Resources, which 
installs and tests devices that prevent the contamination of potable water, for which the sale was completed in 
January 2017, and a business unit that repairs and performs maintenance on water and wastewater systems.  
Theses business units are reported as assets held for sale in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.  Aqua 
Infrastructure provides non-utility raw water supply services for firms in the natural gas drilling industry. 

In December 2014, we completed the sale of our water utility system in southwest Allen County, Indiana, which 
served approximately 13,000 customers, to the City of Fort Wayne, Indiana.  The completion of this sale settled 
the dispute concerning the February 2008 acquisition, by eminent domain, by the City of Fort Wayne, of the 
northern portion of our water and wastewater utility systems.  The operating results, cash flows, and financial 
position of the Company’s water utility system in Fort Wayne, Indiana has been presented in the Company’s 
consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations.  Unless specifically noted, the financial information 
presented in the notes to consolidated financial statements reflects the Company’s continuing operations.  Refer to 
Note 3 – Discontinued Operations and Other Disposition for further information on this sale.    

The company has identified ten operating segments and has one reportable segment named the Regulated 
segment.  The reportable segment is comprised of eight operating segments for our water and wastewater 
regulated utility companies which are organized by the states where we provide these services. These operating 
segments are aggregated into one reportable segment since each of the Company’s operating segments has the 
following similarities:  economic characteristics, nature of services, production processes, customers, water 
distribution or wastewater collection methods, and the nature of the regulatory environment.  In addition, Aqua 
Resources and Aqua Infrastructure are not quantitatively significant to be reportable and are included as a 
component of “Other,” in addition to corporate costs that have not been allocated to the Regulated segment and 
intersegment eliminations.       

Regulation ─ Most of the operating companies that are regulated public utilities are subject to regulation by the 
utility commissions of the states in which they operate.  The respective utility commissions have jurisdiction with 
respect to rates, service, accounting procedures, issuance of securities, acquisitions and other matters.  Some of 
the operating companies that are regulated public utilities are subject to rate regulation by county or city 
government.  Regulated public utilities follow the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) accounting 
guidance for regulated operations, which provides for the recognition of regulatory assets and liabilities as 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

allowed by regulators for costs or credits that are reflected in current rates or are considered probable of being 
included in future rates.  The regulatory assets or liabilities are then relieved as the cost or credit is reflected in 
rates.  

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements ─ The preparation of consolidated 
financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities 
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts 
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Basis of Presentation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its 
subsidiaries.  All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.  Certain prior period amounts 
have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation of equity (earnings) loss in joint venture in 
the operating cash flows section of the consolidated statements of cash flows, and the presentation of debt 
issuance costs on the consolidated balance sheets.  

Recognition of Revenues ─ Revenues in our Regulated segment principally include amounts billed to customers 
on a cycle basis and unbilled amounts based on estimated usage from the latest billing to the end of the account-
ing period.  In addition, the Company’s market-based subsidiary Aqua Resources recognizes revenues when 
services are performed or, for construction of water and wastewater systems, based on the percentage of 
completion of the project and Aqua Infrastructure recognizes revenues when services are performed.  The 
Company’s market-based subsidiaries recognized revenues of $20,091 in 2016, $34,909 in 2015, and $24,189 in 
2014.  

Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation ─ Property, plant and equipment consist primarily of utility 
plant.  The cost of additions includes contracted cost, direct labor and fringe benefits, materials, overheads, and 
for additions meeting certain criteria, allowance for funds used during construction.  Water systems acquired are 
typically recorded at estimated original cost of utility plant when first devoted to utility service and the applicable 
depreciation is recorded to accumulated depreciation.  The difference between the estimated original cost, less 
applicable accumulated depreciation, and the purchase price is recorded as goodwill, or as an acquisition 
adjustment within utility plant as permitted by the applicable regulatory jurisdiction.  At December 31, 2016, 
utility plant includes a net credit acquisition adjustment of $25,683, which is generally being amortized from 2 to 
59 years.  Amortization of the acquisition adjustments totaled $2,223 in 2016, $2,556 in 2015, and $2,648 in 
2014.  

Utility expenditures for maintenance and repairs, including major maintenance projects and minor renewals and 
betterments, are charged to operating expenses when incurred in accordance with the system of accounts prescri-
bed by the utility commissions of the states in which the company operates.  The cost of new units of property and 
betterments are capitalized.  Utility expenditures for water main cleaning and relining of pipes are deferred and 
recorded in net property, plant and equipment in accordance with the FASB’s accounting guidance for regulated 
operations.  As of December 31, 2016, $16,239 of these costs have been incurred since the last respective rate 
proceeding and the Company expects to recover these costs in future rates.  

The cost of software upgrades and enhancements are capitalized if they result in added functionality which enable 
the software to perform tasks it was previously incapable of performing.  Information technology costs associated 
with major system installations, conversions and improvements, such as software training, data conversion and 
business process reengineering costs, are deferred as a regulatory asset if the Company expects to recover these 
costs in future rates.  If these costs are not deferred, then these costs are charged to operating expenses when 
incurred.  As of December 31, 2016, $31,686 of these costs have been deferred since the last respective rate 
proceeding as a regulatory asset, and the deferral is reported as a component of net property, plant and equipment.  

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

When units of utility property are replaced, retired or abandoned, the recorded value thereof is credited to the 
asset account and such value, together with the net cost of removal, is charged to accumulated depreciation. To 
the extent the Company anticipates recovery of the cost of removal or other retirement costs through rates after 
the retirement costs are incurred, a regulatory asset is recorded as those costs are incurred.  In some cases, the 
Company recovers retirement costs through rates during the life of the associated asset and before the costs are 
incurred.  These amounts, which are not yet utilized, result in a regulatory liability being reported based on the 
amounts previously recovered through customer rates. 

The straight-line remaining life method is used to compute depreciation on utility plant.  Generally, the straight-
line method is used with respect to transportation and mechanical equipment, office equipment and laboratory 
equipment. 

Long-lived assets of the Company, which consist primarily of utility plant in service, regulatory assets, and 
investment in joint venture, are reviewed for impairment when changes in circumstances or events occur.  These 
circumstances or events could include a disallowance of utility plant in service or regulatory assets by the 
respective utility commission, a decline in the market value or physical condition of a long-lived asset, an adverse 
change in the manner in which long-lived assets are used or planned to be used, a change in historical trends, 
operating cash flows associated with the long-lived assets, changes in macroeconomic conditions, industry and 
market conditions, or overall financial performance.  When these circumstances or events occur, the Company 
determines whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of those assets is less than their carrying amount.  
If the Company determines that it is more likely than not (that is, the likelihood of more than 50 percent), the 
Company would recognize an impairment charge if it is determined that the carrying amount of an asset exceeds 
the sum of the undiscounted estimated cash flows.  In this circumstance, the Company would recognize an 
impairment charge equal to the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset.  Fair value 
is estimated to be the present value of future net cash flows associated with the asset, discounted using a discount 
rate commensurate with the risk and remaining life of the asset.  There has been no change in circumstances or 
events that have occurred that require adjustments to the carrying values of the Company’s long-lived assets, 
except for an impairment charge recognized by the joint venture on its long-lived assets in 2015.  

Allowance for Funds Used During Construction ─ The allowance for funds used during construction 
(“AFUDC”) represents the capitalized cost of funds used to finance the construction of utility plant.  In general, 
AFUDC is applied to construction projects requiring more than one month to complete.  No AFUDC is applied to 
projects funded by customer advances for construction, contributions in aid of construction, or applicable state-
revolving fund loans.  AFUDC includes the net cost of borrowed funds and a rate of return on other funds when 
used, and is recovered through water rates as the utility plant is depreciated.  The amount of AFUDC related to 
equity funds in 2016 was $6,561, 2015 was $4,621, and 2014 was $3,640.  No interest was capitalized by our 
market-based businesses. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents ─ The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of 
three months or less, which are not restricted for construction activity, to be cash equivalents.  

The Company had a book overdraft, which represents transactions that have not cleared the bank accounts at the 
end of the period, for specific disbursement cash accounts of $12,616 and $20,693 at December 31, 2016 and 
2015, respectively.  The Company transfers cash on an as-needed basis to fund these items as they clear the bank 
in subsequent periods.  The balance of the book overdraft is reported as accounts payable and the change in the 
book overdraft balance is reported as cash flows from financing activities, due to our ability to fund the overdraft 
with the Company’s credit facility.  

Funds Restricted for Construction Activity ─ The proceeds received from specific financings for construction 
and capital improvement of utility facilities are held in escrow until the designated expenditures are incurred.  
These amounts are reported as funds restricted for construction activity and are expected to be released over time 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

as the capital projects are funded.  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company did not have any funds 
restricted for construction activity. 

Accounts Receivable ─ Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amounts, which consists of billed and 
unbilled revenues.  The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of 
probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable, and is determined based on historical write-off 
experience and the aging of account balances.  The Company reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts 
quarterly.  Account balances are written off against the allowance when it is probable the receivable will not be 
recovered.  When utility customers request extended payment terms, credit is extended based on regulatory 
guidelines, and collateral is not required. 

Inventories, Materials and Supplies ─ Inventories are stated at cost.  Cost is determined using the first-in, first-
out method. 

Regulatory Assets, Deferred Charges and Other Assets ─ Deferred charges and other assets consist primarily of 
assets held to compensate employees in the future who participate in the Company’ deferred compensation plan 
and other costs.  Other costs, for which the Company has received or expects to receive prospective rate recovery, 
are deferred as a regulatory asset and amortized over the period of rate recovery in accordance with the FASB’s 
accounting guidance for regulated operations.  See Note – 6 Regulatory Assets and Liabilities for further 
information regarding the Company’s regulatory assets. 

Marketable equity securities are carried on the balance sheet at fair market value, and changes in fair value are 
included in other comprehensive income. 

Investment in Joint Venture – The Company uses the equity method of accounting to account for our 49% 
investment in a joint venture with a firm in the natural gas industry for the construction and operation of a private 
pipeline system to supply raw water to natural gas well drilling operations in the Marcellus Shale in north-central 
Pennsylvania, which commenced operations in 2012.  Our initial investment is carried at cost.  Subsequently, the 
carrying amount of our investment is adjusted to reflect capital contributions or distributions, and our equity in 
earnings or losses since the commencement of the system’s operations, as well as a decline in the fair value of our 
investment.  Our share of equity earnings or losses in the joint venture is reported in the consolidated statements 
of net income as equity (earnings) losses in joint venture.  During 2016 and 2015 we received distributions of 
$1,666 and $441, respectively.  For our equity method investment in joint venture, the Company evaluates 
whether it has experienced a decline in the value of its investment that is other than temporary in nature.  We 
would recognize an impairment loss if the fair value of our investment is less than the carrying amount of the 
investment, and the decline in value is considered other than temporary.  Additionally, the Company would 
recognize its share of an impairment loss if the joint venture determines that the carrying amount of the joint 
venture’s assets exceeds the sum of the joint venture’s undiscounted estimated cash flows.     

During the fourth quarter of 2015, the joint venture experienced the following events:  a marked decline in natural 
gas prices, particularly in the fourth quarter of 2015, following a period of steady decline in 2015, a 
distinguishable reduction in the volume of water sales by the joint venture which led to a lowered forecast in the 
fourth quarter of 2015 on future water sales volumes by the joint venture, as well as changes in the natural gas 
industry and market conditions.  These market conditions were largely associated with natural gas prices, which 
sharply declined in the fourth quarter of 2015 and this downturn no longer appeared temporary and instead may 
be a long-term condition.  It was then determined that the carrying amount of the joint venture’s long-lived assets 
exceeded the sum of the joint venture’s undiscounted estimated cash flows, which resulted in the recognition of a 
noncash impairment charge of $32,975 ($21,433 after-tax) in the fourth quarter of 2015, representing the 
Company’s share of the impairment charge.  The impairment charge, on a pre-tax basis, is reported as equity loss 
in joint venture on the Company’s consolidated statements of income.  The amount of the impairment charge 
recognized by the joint venture is equal to the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the long-

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

lived assets.  Fair value is estimated to be the present value of the future net cash flows associated with the assets, 
discounted using a rate commensurate with the risk and remaining life of the assets.   

Goodwill ─ Goodwill represents the excess cost over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible 
assets acquired through acquisitions.  Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually, or more 
often, if circumstances indicate a possible impairment may exist.  When testing goodwill for impairment, we may 
assess qualitative factors, including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, 
overall financial performance, and entity specific events, for some or all of our reporting units to determine 
whether it’s more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  
Alternatively, we may bypass this qualitative assessment for some of our reporting units and perform a 
quantitative goodwill impairment test by determining the fair value of a reporting unit based on a discounted cash 
flow analysis.  If we perform a quantitative test and determine that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its 
carrying amount, we would determine the reporting unit’s implied fair value of its goodwill and compare it with 
the carrying amount of its goodwill to measure such impairment.  The Company tested the goodwill attributable 
for each of our reporting units for impairment as of July 31, 2016, and concluded that the estimated fair value of 
each reporting unit, which has goodwill recorded, exceeded the reporting unit’s carrying amount, indicating that 
none of the Company’s goodwill was impaired.  The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s 
goodwill: 

Regulated 
Segment 

  Other 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Goodwill acquired during year 
Reclassifications from (to) utility plant acquisition adjustment, net 
Other 
Balance at December 31, 2015 
Goodwill acquired during year 
Reclassifications to utility plant acquisition adjustment 
Disposition 
Classified as assets held for sale 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

$ 

 24,564   $ 

 - 
 2,682  
 - 
 27,246  
 10,378  
 (98) 
 (159) 

$ 

 37,367   $ 

 Consolidated 
 31,184  
 12  
 2,682  
 (12) 
 33,866  
 10,378  
 (98) 
 (1,391) 
 (547) 
 42,208  

 6,620   $ 
 12  
 - 
 (12) 
 6,620  

 (1,232) 
 (547) 
 4,841   $ 

The reclassification of goodwill to utility plant acquisition adjustment results from a mechanism approved by the 
applicable utility commission.  The mechanism provides for the transfer over time, and the recovery through 
customer rates, of goodwill associated with some acquisitions upon achieving specific objectives.   The 
reclassification from utility plant acquisition adjustment to goodwill represents the purchase price in excess of the 
fair market value of the net assets acquired, from a prior acquisition, which was originally accounted for as utility 
plant acquisition adjustment.  

The goodwill allocated to a disposition or classified as assets held for sale results from the allocation of goodwill 
for market-based business units based on their relative fair value as compared to Aqua Resource’s fair value.   

Income Taxes ─ The Company accounts for some income and expense items in different time periods for 
financial and tax reporting purposes.  Deferred income taxes are provided on specific temporary differences 
between the tax basis of the assets and liabilities, and the amounts at which they are carried in the consolidated 
financial statements.  The income tax effect of temporary differences not currently recovered in rates is recorded 
as deferred taxes with an offsetting regulatory asset or liability.  These deferred income taxes are based on the 
enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such temporary differences are projected to reverse.  Valuation 
allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount more likely than not to be 

38 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

realized.  Investment tax credits are deferred and amortized over the estimated useful lives of the related 
properties.  Judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s Federal and state tax positions.  Despite 
management’s belief that the Company’s tax return positions are fully supportable, the Company establishes 
reserves when it believes that its tax positions are likely to be challenged and it may not fully prevail in these 
challenges.  The Company’s provision for income taxes includes interest, penalties and reserves for uncertain tax 
positions. 

In 2012, the Company changed its tax method of accounting for qualifying utility asset improvement costs in 
Aqua Pennsylvania effective with the tax year ended December 31, 2012 and for prior tax years.  The tax 
accounting method was changed to permit the expensing of qualifying utility asset improvement costs that were 
previously being capitalized and depreciated for book and tax purposes.  This change was implemented in 
response to a June 2012 rate order issued by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission to Aqua Pennsylvania, 
which provides for a reduction in current income tax expense as a result of the recognition of income tax benefits 
for qualifying utility asset improvements.  This change results in a significant reduction in the effective income 
tax rate, a reduction in current income tax expense, and reduces the amount of taxes currently payable.  For 
qualifying capital expenditures made prior to 2012, the resulting tax benefits have been deferred as of December 
31, 2012 and, in accordance with the rate order, a ten year amortization of the income tax benefits, which reduces 
future income tax expense, commenced in 2013.  During 2013, our Ohio and North Carolina operating divisions 
implemented this change.  These divisions currently do not employ a method of accounting that provides for a 
reduction in current income taxes as a result of the recognition of income tax benefits, and as such the change in 
the Company’s tax method of accounting in these operating divisions had no impact on the Company’s effective 
income tax rate.   

Customers’ Advances for Construction and Contributions in Aid of Construction ─ Water mains, other utility 
property or, in some instances, cash advances to reimburse the Company for its costs to construct water mains or 
other utility property, are contributed to the Company by customers, real estate developers and builders in order to 
extend utility service to their properties.  The value of these contributions is recorded as customers’ advances for 
construction.  Over time, the amount of non-cash contributed property will vary based on the timing of the 
contribution of the non-cash property and the volume of non-cash contributed property received in connection 
with development in our service territories.  The Company makes refunds on these advances over a specific 
period of time based on operating revenues related to the property, or as new customers are connected to and take 
service from the applicable water main.  After all refunds are made, any remaining balance is transferred to 
contributions in aid of construction.  Contributions in aid of construction include direct non-refundable 
contributions and the portion of customers' advances for construction that become non-refundable. 

Based on regulatory conventions in states where the Company operates, generally our subsidiaries depreciate 
contributed property and amortize contributions in aid of construction at the composite rate of the related 
property.  Contributions in aid of construction and customers’ advances for construction are deducted from the 
Company’s rate base for rate-making purposes, and therefore, no return is earned on contributed property. 

Stock-Based Compensation ─ The Company records compensation expense in the financial statements for stock-
based awards based on the grant date fair value of those awards.  Stock-based compensation expense includes an 
estimate for pre-vesting forfeitures and is recognized over the requisite service periods of the awards on a straight-
line basis, which is generally commensurate with the vesting term.   

Fair Value Measurements – The Company follows the FASB’s accounting guidance for fair value measurements 
and disclosures, which defines fair value and establishes a framework for using fair value to measure assets and 
liabilities.  That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used 
to measure fair value.  The hierarchy gives highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for 
identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 
measurements).  The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

•  Level 1:  unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has 

the ability to access; 

•  Level 2:  inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted market 
prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or 
liabilities in non-active markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable 
market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; or 

•  Level 3:  inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. 

The asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level 
of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  Valuation techniques used need to maximize the 
use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  There have been no changes in the 
valuation techniques used to measure fair value or asset or liability transfers between the levels of the fair value 
hierarchy for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements ─ In August 2016, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on the 
classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows, which is intended to 
reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. This guidance 
is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017, and early 
adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated 
cash flow statement. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on simplifying the accounting for share-based 
payments, which includes several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the 
income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement 
of cash flows. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim 
periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption available. The Company has evaluated the requirements of 
the updated guidance and has determined that upon adoption, on January 1, 2017, the Company will recognize a 
previously unrecognized windfall tax benefit for stock-based compensation of $2,805 ($1,823 after-tax), 
associated with the Company’s 2012 Federal net operating loss, which will be recorded as an adjustment to 
retained earnings. Additionally, once adopted, income tax benefits in excess of compensation costs or tax 
deficiencies for share-based compensation will be recorded to our income tax provision, instead of, as was done 
historically, to stockholder’s equity, which will impact our effective tax rate. Lastly, all tax-related cash flows 
resulting from share-based payments will be reported as operating activities on the statement of cash flows, a 
change from the historical requirement to present tax benefits as an inflow from financing activities and an 
outflow from operating activities. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on accounting for leases, which requires lessees 
to establish a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 
months. For income statement purposes, leases will be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases 
will result in straight-line expense while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern. The updated 
accounting guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within 
those fiscal years, with early adoption available. The Company is evaluating the requirements of the updated 
guidance to determine the impact of adoption.  Refer to Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies for further 
information on the Company’s leases.   

In September 2015, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on simplifying measurement-period 
adjustments in business combinations, which eliminates the requirement that an acquirer in a business 
combination account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively.  Instead, an acquirer will recognize a 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

measurement-period adjustment during the period in which it determines the amount of the adjustment.  The 
updated guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those 
fiscal years, with early adoption available.  The Company adopted the provisions of this accounting standard, as 
required on January 1, 2016, and it did not have an impact on its results of operations or financial position. 

In April 2015, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on simplifying the presentation of debt issuance 
costs, which requires debt issuance costs to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the 
carrying value of the associated debt liability.  Previously, debt issuance costs were presented in the balance sheet 
as a deferred charge.  The accounting standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 
2015, and will be applied retrospectively.  The Company adopted the provisions of this accounting standard as 
required on January 1, 2016.  The adoption of this standard was applied retrospectively and resulted in the 
reclassification as of December 31, 2015 of $23,165 from deferred charges and other assets, net to debt issuance 
costs, which is reported as a reduction to long-term debt.  

In August 2014, the FASB issued an accounting standard that will require management to assess an entity’s 
ability to continue as a going concern for each annual and interim reporting period and to provide related footnote 
disclosures in circumstances in which substantial doubt exists.  The accounting standard is effective in the first 
annual reporting period ending after December 15, 2016.  The Company adopted the provisions of this accounting 
standard for its year ended December 31, 2016, which did not have an impact on its results of operations or 
financial position.  

In May 2014, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on recognizing revenue from contracts with 
customers, which outlines a single comprehensive model that an entity will apply to determine the measurement 
of revenue and timing of recognition.  The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict 
the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for 
those goods or services.  The updated guidance also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, 
timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant 
judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to fulfill a contract.  Additionally, 
the accounting for contributions in aid of construction may be impacted by the updated accounting guidance if the 
contributions are determined to be in scope.  In July 2015, the FASB approved a one year deferral to the original 
effective date of this guidance.  The updated guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 
15, 2017, and interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods:  (i) a full retrospective 
approach reflecting the application of the updated guidance in each prior reporting period, or (ii) a modified 
retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting the updated guidance recognized through 
retained earnings at the date of adoption.  In 2016, the Company performed an evaluation of the requirements of 
the updated guidance and based on current interpretations of the updated guidance believes that the impact of 
adoption may not result in a material change in our measurement of revenue and timing of recognition if 
contributions in aid of construction is determined to not be in scope.  The Company continues to evaluate the 
impact of adoption if contributions in aid of construction are determined to be in scope.  Additionally, we plan to 
implement the updated guidance using the modified retrospective approach.        

Note 2 – Acquisitions 

Pursuant to the Company’s growth-through-acquisition strategy, the Company completed the following 
acquisitions. In January 2016, the Company acquired Superior Water Company, Inc., which provides public water 
service to approximately 3,900 customers in portions of Berks, Chester, and Montgomery counties in 
Pennsylvania. The total purchase price for the utility system was $16,750, which consisted of the issuance of 
439,943 shares of the Company’s common stock and $3,905 in cash. The purchase price allocation for this 
acquisition consisted primarily of acquired property, plant and equipment of $25,167, contributions in aid of 
construction of $16,565, and goodwill of $8,622. Additionally, during 2016 the Company completed 18 
acquisitions of water and wastewater utility systems in various states.  The total purchase price of these utility 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

systems consisted of $5,518 in cash.  The operating revenues included in the consolidated financial statements of 
the Company during the period owned by the Company for the utility systems acquired in 2016 are $3,809.  The 
pro forma effect of the businesses acquired is not material either individually or collectively to the Company’s 
results of operations.    

In April 2015, the Company acquired the water and wastewater utility system assets of North Maine Utilities, 
located in the Village of Glenview, Illinois serving approximately 7,400 customers.  The total purchase price 
consisted of $23,079 in cash.  The purchase price allocation for this acquisition consists primarily of acquired 
property, plant and equipment.  Additionally, in 2015, the Company completed 14 acquisitions of water and 
wastewater utility systems in various states.  The total purchase price of these utility systems consisted of $5,210 
in cash.  The operating revenues included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company during the 
period owned by the Company for the utility systems acquired were $10,708 in 2016 and $6,662 in 2015.  The pro 
forma effect of the businesses acquired is not material either individually or collectively to the Company’s results 
of operations. 

In 2014, the Company completed 16 acquisitions of water and wastewater utility systems in various states.  The 
total purchase price of these utility systems consisted of $10,530 in cash.  Further, in August 2014, the Company 
acquired a market-based business that specializes in the inspection, cleaning and repair of storm and sanitary 
sewer lines.  The total purchase price consisted of $3,010, of which a total of $810 is contingent upon satisfying 
certain annual performance targets over a three-year period for which $270 has been paid for completion of the 
performance targets for year one.  Additionally, in December 2014, the Company acquired a market-based 
business that specializes in providing water distribution system services to prevent the contamination of potable 
water, including training to waterworks operators.  The total purchase price consisted of $1,800, of which $700 
was paid in the first quarter of 2015.  The operating revenues included in the consolidated financial statements of 
the Company during the period owned by the Company for these utility systems and market-based businesses 
were $13,493 in 2016, $19,154 in 2015, and $4,403 in 2014.  The decrease in operating revenues is due to the sale 
of a market-based business unit in 2016.  The pro forma effect of the businesses acquired is not material either 
individually or collectively to the Company’s results of operations. 

Note 3 – Discontinued Operations and Other Dispositions  

Discontinued Operations – In December 2014, we completed the sale of our water utility system in southwest 
Allen County, Indiana to the City of Fort Wayne, Indiana (the “City”) for $67,011, which included a payment 
received in December 2014 of $50,100 in addition to $16,911 the City already paid the Company for the northern 
portion of our water and wastewater utility systems, which were acquired by the City in February 2008, by 
eminent domain.  We recognized a gain on sale of $29,210 ($17,611 after-tax) in the fourth quarter of 2014.  As a 
result of this transaction, Aqua Indiana will expand its sewer customer base by accepting new wastewater flows 
from the City. 

In September 2012, the Company began to market for sale its non-regulated wastewater treatment facility in 
Georgia.  In March 2014, we completed the sale of our wastewater treatment facility in Georgia, which concluded 
our operations in this state.     

The operating results, cash flows, and financial position of the Company’s subsidiaries named above have been 
presented in the Company’s consolidated statements of net income, consolidated statements of cash flow, and 
consolidated balance sheets as discontinued operations.   

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

A summary of discontinued operations presented in the consolidated statements of net income includes the 
following: 

Operating revenues 
Total operating expenses 
Operating income 
Other (income) expense: 

Gain on sale 
Other, net 

Income from discontinued operations before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Income from discontinued operations 

Year Ended 
December 31, 

2014 

$ 

$ 

 6,324  
 3,262  
 3,062  

 (29,093) 
 - 
 32,155  
 12,800  
 19,355  

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 the Company does not have any assets or liabilities of discontinued operations 
held for sale.   

Other Dispositions – The following dispositions have not been presented as discontinued operations in the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements as they do not qualify as discontinued operations, since their 
disposal does not represent a strategic shift that has a major effect on our operations or financial results.  The 
gains or loss disclosed below are reported in the consolidated statements of net income as a component of 
operations and maintenance expense.  These business units were reported within the Company’s market-based 
subsidiary, Aqua Resources, and were included in “Other” in the Company’s segment information. 

Dispositions Completed in 2016 

In the third quarter of 2016, the Company marketed for sale a business unit which inspects, cleans and repairs 
storm and sanitary wastewater lines.  In November 2016, this business unit was sold for $1,059 in cash and 
resulted in a loss on sale of $1,081.  Further, in December 2015, the Company decided to sell a business unit 
which provides liquid waste hauling and disposal services. This business unit was reported as assets held for sale 
in the Company’s December 31, 2015 consolidated balance sheet included in this Annual Report.  During the 
second quarter of 2016, this business unit was sold for $3,400 in cash and resulted in a gain on sale of $537.  

Dispositions Reported as Assets Held for Sale at December 31, 2016 

In the second quarter of 2016, the Company decided to market for sale business units, which install and test 
devices that prevent the contamination of potable water and repair water and wastewater systems, for which the 
sale was completed in January 2017, and a business unit that repairs and performs maintenance on water and 
wastewater systems.  These business units are reported within the Company’s market-based subsidiary, Aqua 
Resources. These business units are reported as assets held for sale in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets 
included in this Annual Report. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 4 – Property, Plant and Equipment 

Utility plant and equipment: 

Mains and accessories 
Services, hydrants, treatment plants and reservoirs 
Operations structures and water tanks 
Miscellaneous pumping and purification equipment 
Meters, data processing, transportation and operating 

i

Land and other non-depreciable assets 

Utility plant and equipment 
Utility construction work in progress 
Net utility plant acquisition adjustment 
Non-utility plant and equipment 
Total property, plant and equipment 

Note 5 – Accounts Receivable 

Billed utility revenue 
Unbilled revenue 
Other 

Less allowance for doubtful accounts 
Net accounts receivable 

December 31, 

2016 

2015 

Approximate Range 
of Useful Lives 

Weighted Average 
Useful Life 

$   2,898,560   $   2,696,194   
   1,531,052   
   1,621,972  
 263,722   
 283,635  
 687,472   
 733,074  
 684,335   
 733,837  
 98,575   
 98,529  
   6,369,607  
   5,961,350   
 163,565  
 (25,683) 
 1,628  

 144,448     
 (24,428)    
 6,641     

$   6,509,117   $   6,088,011   

30 - 93 years 
5 - 85 years 
14 - 85 years 
7 - 90 years 
4 - 63 years 
- 

- 
2 - 59 years 
3 - 15 years 

77 years 
49 years 
47 years 
40 years 
25 years 
- 

- 
28 years 
6 years 

December 31, 

2016 

2015 

 63,518   $ 
 34,635  
 6,336  
 104,489  
 7,095  
 97,394   $ 

 56,876  
 37,276  
 10,867  
 105,019  
 5,873  
 99,146  

$ 

$ 

The Company’s utility customers are located principally in the following states: 47% in Pennsylvania, 16% in 
Ohio, 10% in North Carolina, 8% in Texas, and 8% in Illinois.  No single customer accounted for more than one 
percent of the Company's regulated operating revenues during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 
2014.  The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts: 

Balance at January 1, 
Amounts charged to expense 
Accounts written off 
Recoveries of accounts written off 
Balance at December 31,  

2016 

2015 

2014 

 5,873   $ 
 5,500  
 (5,410) 
 1,132  
 7,095   $ 

 5,365   $ 
 5,762  
 (6,513) 
 1,259  
 5,873   $ 

 4,413  
 5,838  
 (6,120) 
 1,234  
 5,365  

$ 

$ 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 6 – Regulatory Assets and Liabilities 

The regulatory assets represent costs that are probable to be fully recovered from customers in future rates while 
regulatory liabilities represent amounts that are expected to be refunded to customers in future rates or amounts 
recovered from customers in advance of incurring the costs.  Except for income taxes, regulatory assets and 
regulatory liabilities are excluded from the Company’s rate base and do not earn a return.  The components of 
regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities are as follows: 

 December 31, 2016 

 December 31, 2015 

Income taxes 
Utility plant retirement costs 
Post-retirement benefits 
Accrued vacation 
Water tank painting 
Fair value adjustment of long-term debt assumed in 
acquisition 
Rate case filing expenses and other 

 Regulatory 
  Assets 
$ 

 Regulatory 
  Liabilities 

 807,952   $ 
 4,986  
 119,519  
 1,984  
 2,111  

 157,266   
 31,288   
 59,882   
 -  
 2,143   

 Regulatory 
  Assets 
$ 

 Regulatory 
  Liabilities 

 699,247   $ 
 6,052  
 112,626  
 1,744  
 303  

 181,067  
 27,604  
 50,775  
 - 
 - 

 3,268  
 8,827  
 948,647   $ 

 -  
 56   
 250,635   

$ 

 3,636  
 6,510  
 830,118   $ 

 - 
 61  
 259,507  

$ 

Items giving rise to deferred state income taxes, as well as a portion of deferred Federal income taxes related to 
specific differences between tax and book depreciation expense, are recognized in the rate setting process on a 
cash basis or as a reduction in current income tax expense and will be recovered as they reverse.  Amounts 
include differences that arise between specific utility asset improvement costs capitalized for book and deducted 
as an expense for tax purposes.   

A portion of the regulatory liability for income taxes is related to Aqua Pennsylvania’s income tax accounting 
change for the tax benefits realized on the Company’s 2012 tax return, which have not yet reduced current income 
tax expense due to the ten year amortization period which began in 2013.  This amortization was stipulated in a 
June 2012 rate order issued to Aqua Pennsylvania and is subject to specific parameters being met each year.  
Beginning in 2013, the Company amortized $38,000, annually, of its deferred income tax benefits, which reduced 
current income tax expense and increased the Company’s net income by $16,734.   

The regulatory asset for utility plant retirement costs, including cost of removal, represents costs already incurred 
that are expected to be recovered in future rates over a five year recovery period.  The regulatory liability for 
utility plant retirement costs represents amounts recovered through rates during the life of the associated asset and 
before the costs are incurred.  

The regulatory asset for accrued vacation represents costs that would otherwise be charged to operations and 
maintenance expense for vacation that is earned by employees, which is recovered as a cost of service.    

The regulatory asset for Post-retirement benefits, which includes pension and other post-retirement benefits, 
primarily reflects a regulatory asset that has been recorded for the costs that would otherwise be charged to 
stockholders’ equity for the underfunded status of the Company’s pension and other post-retirement benefit plans.  
The Company also has a regulatory asset related to post-retirement benefits costs that represent costs already 
incurred which are now being recovered in rates over 10 years.  The regulatory liability for post-retirement 
benefits represents costs recovered in rates in excess of post-retirement benefits expense.   

Expenses associated with water tank painting are deferred and amortized over a period of time as approved in the 
regulatory process.  Water tank painting costs are generally being amortized over a period ranging from 1 to 20 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

years.  The regulatory liability for water tank painting costs represents amounts recovered through rates and 
before the costs are incurred. 

The Company recorded a fair value adjustment for fixed rate, long-term debt assumed in acquisitions that matures 
in various years ranging from 2022 to 2029.  The regulatory asset or liability results from the rate setting process 
continuing to recognize the historical interest cost of the assumed debt.  

The regulatory asset related to rate case filing expenses and other represents the costs associated with filing for 
rate increases that are deferred and amortized over periods that generally range from one to five years, and costs 
incurred by the Company for which it has received or expects to receive rate recovery.    

The regulatory asset related to the costs incurred for information technology software projects and water main 
cleaning and relining projects are described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Property, 
Plant and Equipment and Depreciation. 

Note 7 – Income Taxes 

The provision for income taxes for the Company’s continuing operations consists of: 

Current: 
  Federal 
  State 

Deferred: 
  Federal  
  State 

Total tax expense 

Years Ended December 31, 

2016 

2015 

2014 

$ 

$ 

 2,046   $ 
 1,682  
 3,728  

 21,489  
 (4,239) 
 17,250  
 20,978   $ 

 2,624   $ 
 (4,168) 
 (1,544) 

 12,649  
 3,857  
 16,506  
 14,962   $ 

 (11,296) 
 5,038  
 (6,258) 

 37,500  
 (6,023) 
 31,477  
 25,219  

The statutory Federal tax rate is 35% and for states with a corporate net income tax, the state corporate net income 
tax rates range from 4% to 9.99% for all years presented.  

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The reasons for the differences between amounts computed by applying the statutory Federal income tax rate to 
income before income tax expense for the Company’s continuing operations are as follows:  

Computed Federal tax expense at statutory rate 
Decrease in Federal tax expense related to an income tax accounting change for 
qualifying utility asset improvement costs 
State income taxes, net of Federal tax benefit 
Increase in tax expense for depreciation expense to be recovered in future rates 
Stock-based compensation 
Deduction for Aqua America common dividends paid under employee benefit plan 
Amortization of deferred investment tax credits 
Other, net 
Actual income tax expense 

Years Ended December 31, 
  2016 
  2014 
  2015 
$   89,306   $   75,863   $   83,686  

  (57,015) 
  (62,831) 
 (640) 
   (1,662) 
 317  
 199  
 (168) 
 (227) 
 (350) 
 (455) 
 (416) 
 (405) 
   (2,947) 
 (195) 
$   20,978   $   14,962   $   25,219  

  (59,488) 
 (202) 
 199  
 (174) 
 (456) 
 (421) 
 (359) 

In December 2012, the Company changed its tax method of accounting for qualifying utility system repairs in 
Aqua Pennsylvania effective with the tax year ended December 31, 2012 and for prior tax years.  The tax 
accounting method was changed to permit the expensing of qualifying utility asset improvement costs that were 
previously being capitalized and depreciated for book and tax purposes.  This change was implemented in 
response to a June 2012 rate order issued by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission to Aqua Pennsylvania 
which provides for a reduction in current income tax expense as a result of the flow-through recognition of some 
income tax benefits due to the income tax accounting change.  In 2014, the Company recorded $69,048 of income 
tax benefits.  In 2015, the Company recorded $72,944 of income tax benefits.  In 2016, the Company recorded 
$78,530 of income tax benefits.  The Company recognized a tax deduction on its 2012 Federal tax return of 
$380,000 for qualifying capital expenditures made prior to 2012, and based on the rate order, in 2013, the 
Company began to amortize 1/10th of these expenditures.  In accordance with the rate order, the amortization is 
expected to reduce current income tax expense during periods when qualifying parameters are met.  Beginning in 
2013, the Company amortized the qualifying capital expenditures made prior to 2012 and recognized $38,000, 
annually, of deferred income tax benefits, which reduced current income tax expense and increased the 
Company’s net income by $16,734.  The Company’s effective income tax rate for 2016, 2015, and 2014, for its 
continuing operations, was 8.2%, 6.9%, and 10.5%, respectively.  

In September 2013, the Department of Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service issued “Guidance Regarding 
Deduction and Capitalization of Expenditures Related to Tangible Property” which contains standards for 
determining whether and when a taxpayer must capitalize costs incurred in acquiring, maintaining or improving 
tangible property.  These regulations were effective for the Company’s 2014 fiscal year, and the adoption of these 
regulations did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or consolidated 
financial position.  

The Company establishes reserves for uncertain tax positions based upon management’s judgment as to the 
sustainability of these positions.  These accounting estimates related to the uncertain tax position reserve require 
judgments to be made as to the sustainability of each uncertain tax position based on its technical merits.  The 
Company believes its tax positions comply with applicable law and that it has adequately recorded reserves as 
required.  However, to the extent the final tax outcome of these matters is different than the estimates recorded, 
the Company would then adjust its tax reserves or unrecognized tax benefits in the period that this information 
becomes known.  The Company has elected to recognize accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax 
positions as income tax expense.     

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The following table provides the changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits: 

Balance at January 1, 
Additions based on tax position related to the current year 
Balance at December 31, 

2016 

2015 

$ 

$ 

 28,016   $ 
 83  
 28,099   $ 

 25,292  
 2,724  
 28,016  

The unrecognized tax benefits relate to the income tax accounting change, and the tax position is attributable to a 
temporary difference.  The Company does not anticipate material changes to its unrecognized tax benefits within 
the next year.  As a result of the regulatory treatment afforded by the income tax accounting change in 
Pennsylvania and despite this position being a temporary difference, as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, $20,674 
and $17,777 and, respectively, of these tax benefits would have an impact on the Company’s effective income tax 
rate in the event the Company does sustain all, or a portion, of its tax position.       

The following table provides the components of the net deferred tax liability from continuing operations: 

Deferred tax assets: 

Customers' advances for construction 
Costs expensed for book not deducted for tax, principally accrued expenses  
Utility plant acquisition adjustment basis differences 
Post-retirement benefits 
Tax loss carryforward 
Other 

Less valuation allowance 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

Utility plant, principally due to depreciation and differences in the basis of fixed assets 
due to variation in tax and book accounting  
Deferred taxes associated with the gross-up of revenues necessary to recover, in rates, 
the effect of temporary differences 
Tax effect of regulatory asset for post-retirement benefits 
Deferred investment tax credit 

Net deferred tax liability 

December 31, 

2016 

2015 

$ 

 21,738   $ 
 15,751    
 3,114    
 38,269    
 77,911    
 2,137    
 158,920  
 9,486  
 149,434  

 27,675  
 15,612  
 3,489  
 36,362  
 93,263  
 1,102  
 177,503  
 10,982  
 166,521  

   1,104,032    

 1,027,406  

 269,773    
 38,269    
 6,613    
   1,418,687  

 214,861  
 36,362  
 6,815  
 1,285,444  

$ 

 1,269,253   

 1,118,923  

At December 31, 2016, the Company has a cumulative Federal net operating loss (“NOL”) of $113,144.  The 
Company believes the Federal NOLs are more likely than not to be recovered and require no valuation allowance.  
The Company’s Federal NOLs do not begin to expire until 2032. 

In 2012 and 2011, as a result of the Company’s Federal cumulative NOLs the Company ceased recognizing the 
windfall tax benefit associated with stock-based compensation, because the deduction did not reduce income taxes 
payable.  As of December 31, 2015, the Company utilized all of the 2011 NOL and recognized a windfall tax 
benefit of $1,680.  As a result of the adoption on January 1, 2017 of the FASB’s updated accounting guidance on 
simplifying the accounting for share-based payments, the Company will recognize a windfall tax benefit of 

48 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

$2,805 associated with the Company's 2012 Federal NOL, which will be recorded as an adjustment to retained 
earnings. 

At December 31, 2016 the Company has a cumulative state NOL of $575,330, a portion of which is offset by a 
valuation allowance because the Company does not believe these NOLs are more likely than not to be realized.   
The state NOLs do not begin to expire until 2023.   

The Company has unrecognized tax positions that result in the associated tax benefit being unrecognized.  The 
Company’s Federal and state NOL carryforwards are reduced by an unrecognized tax position, on a gross basis, 
of $62,747 and $85,044, respectively, which results from the Company’s adoption in 2013 of the FASB’s 
accounting guidance on the presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a 
similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists.  The amounts of the Company’s Federal and state NOL 
carryforwards prior to being reduced by the unrecognized tax positions are $175,891 and $660,373, respectively.  
The Company records its unrecognized tax benefit as a reduction to its deferred income tax liability.   

As of December 31, 2016, the Company’s Federal income tax returns for all years through 2011 have been closed.  
Tax years 2012 through 2016 remain open to Federal examination.  The statute remains open for the Company’s 
state income tax returns for tax years 2013 through 2016 in the various states in which the Company’s conducts 
business. 

Note 8 – Taxes Other than Income Taxes 
The following table provides the components of taxes other than income taxes: 

Property 
Capital Stock 
Gross receipts, excise and franchise 
Payroll 
Regulatory assessments 
Pumping fees 
Other  
Total taxes other than income taxes 

Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies 

Years Ended December 31, 

2016 

2015 

2014 

26,788  $ 
1,442 
10,864 
9,772 
2,630 
4,571 
318 
56,385  $ 

 26,545   $ 
 1,644  
 10,362  
 9,539  
 2,689  
 3,993  
 285  
 55,057   $ 

 24,133  
 1,315  
 10,945  
 7,583  
 2,538  
 3,618  
 321  
 50,453  

$ 

$ 

The following disclosures reflect commitments and contingencies for the Company’s continuing operations.   

Commitments – The Company leases motor vehicles, buildings and other equipment under operating leases that 
are noncancelable.  The future annual minimum lease payments due are as follows:  

2017 

2018 

2019 

2020 

2021 

Thereafter 

$ 

 1,122   $ 

 962   $ 

 789   $ 

 750   $ 

 559   $ 

 588  

The Company leases parcels of land on which treatment plants and other facilities are situated and adjacent 
parcels that are used for watershed protection.  The operating leases are noncancelable, expire between 2017 and 
2052 and contain renewal provisions.  Some leases are subject to an adjustment every five years based on changes 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

in the Consumer Price Index.  Subject to the aforesaid adjustment, during each of the next five years, an average 
of $582 of annual lease payments for land is due, and the aggregate of the years remaining approximates $12,927.   

The Company maintains agreements with other water purveyors for the purchase of water to supplement its water 
supply, particularly during periods of peak demand.  The agreements stipulate purchases of minimum quantities 
of water to the year 2026.  The estimated annual commitments related to such purchases through 2021 are 
expected to average $5,075 and the aggregate of the years remaining approximates $13,587.   

The Company has entered into purchase obligations, in the ordinary course of business, that include agreements 
for water treatment processes at some of its wells in a small number of its divisions.  The 20 year term agreement 
provides for the use of treatment equipment and media used in the treatment process and are subject to adjustment 
based on changes in the Consumer Price Index.  The future contractual cash obligations related to these 
agreements are as follows:   

2017 

2018 

2019 

2020 

2021 

Thereafter 

$ 

 22,153   $ 

 1,101   $ 

 1,101   $ 

 1,100   $ 

 1,099   $ 

 7,326  

Rent expense under operating leases, purchased water expense, and water treatment expenses under these 
agreements were as follows: 

Operating lease expense 
Purchased water under long-term agreements 
Water treatment expense under contractual agreement 

Years Ended December 31,  
2015 

2014 

2016 

$ 

 2,440   $ 
 13,955   
 940   

 2,440   $ 
 13,718   
 972   

 2,820  
 13,139  
 892  

Contingencies – The Company is routinely involved in various disputes, claims, lawsuits and other regulatory and 
legal matters, including both asserted and unasserted legal claims, in the ordinary course of business.  The status 
of each such matter, referred to herein as a loss contingency, is reviewed and assessed in accordance with 
applicable accounting rules regarding the nature of the matter, the likelihood that a loss will be incurred, and the 
amounts involved.  As of December 31, 2016, the aggregate amount of $13,892 is accrued for loss contingencies 
and is reported in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as other accrued liabilities and other liabilities.  
These accruals represent management’s best estimate of probable loss (as defined in the accounting guidance) for 
loss contingencies or the low end of a range of losses if no single probable loss can be estimated.  For some loss 
contingencies, the Company is unable to estimate the amount of the probable loss or range of probable losses.  
While the final outcome of these loss contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, and unfavorable outcomes 
could negatively impact the Company, at this time in the opinion of management, the final resolution of these 
matters are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of 
operations or cash flows.  Further, Aqua America has insurance coverage for a number of these loss 
contingencies, and as of December 31, 2016, estimates that approximately $1,242 of the amount accrued for these 
matters are probable of recovery through insurance, which amount is also reported in the Company’s consolidated 
balance sheet as deferred charges and other assets, net.   

Although the results of legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, there are no pending legal 
proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any of its properties is the 
subject that are material or are expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of 
operations or cash flows.    

50 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Additionally, the Company self-insures its employee medical benefit program, and maintains stop-loss coverage 
to limit the exposure arising from these claims.  The Company’s reserve for these claims totaled $1,770 and 
$1,496 at December 31, 2016 and 2015 and represents a reserve for unpaid claim costs, including an estimate for 
the cost of incurred but not reported claims.   

Note 10 – Long-term Debt and Loans Payable 

Long-term Debt – The consolidated statements of capitalization provide a summary of long-term debt as of 
December 31, 2016 and 2015.  The supplemental indentures with respect to specific issues of the first mortgage 
bonds restrict the ability of Aqua Pennsylvania and other operating subsidiaries of the Company to declare 
dividends, in cash or property, or repurchase or otherwise acquire the stock of these companies.  Loan agreements 
for Aqua Pennsylvania and other operating subsidiaries of the Company have restrictions on minimum net 
assets.  As of December 31, 2016, restrictions on the net assets of the Company were $1,324,679 of the total 
$1,850,068 in net assets.  Included in this amount were restrictions on Aqua Pennsylvania’s net assets of $999,061 
of their total net assets of $1,419,703.  As of December 31, 2016, approximately $1,268,494 of Aqua 
Pennsylvania’s retained earnings of approximately $1,288,494 and approximately $118,400 of the retained 
earnings of approximately $171,800 of other subsidiaries were free of these restrictions.  Some supplemental 
indentures also prohibit Aqua Pennsylvania and some other subsidiaries of the Company from making loans to, or 
purchasing the stock of, the Company.   

Sinking fund payments are required by the terms of specific issues of long-term debt.  Excluding amounts due 
under the Company’s revolving credit agreement, the future sinking fund payments and debt maturities of the 
Company’s long-term debt are as follows: 

Interest Rate Range 
  0.00% to  0.99% 
  1.00% to  1.99% 
  2.00% to  2.99% 
  3.00% to  3.99% 
  4.00% to  4.99% 
  5.00% to  5.99% 
  6.00% to  6.99% 
  7.00% to  7.99% 
  8.00% to  8.99% 
  9.00% to  9.99% 
10.00% to 10.99% 

2017 

$ 

 487   $ 

 51,389  
 1,649  
 2,712  
 58,952  
 24,945  
 9,000  
 445  
 392  
 700  
 - 

Total 

$ 

 150,671   $ 

2018 

 483   $ 

 51,398  
 1,693  
 2,808  
 11,195  
 10,596  
 12,985  
 523  
 521  
 5,700  
 6,000  
 103,902   $ 

2019 

2020 

2021 

  Thereafter 

 486   $ 

 486   $ 

 484   $ 

 1,287  
 1,739  
 2,760  
 50,404  
 31,125  
 - 
 566  
 563  
 700  
 - 

 1,232  
 1,786  
 2,557  
 16,617  
 23,120  
 - 
 612  
 611  
 2,400  
 - 

 1,003  
 1,835  
 2,595  
 15,298  
 8,402  
 - 
 663  
 1,662  
 4,900  
 - 

 89,630   $ 

 49,421   $ 

 36,842   $ 

 2,235  
 9,230  
 10,966  
 613,512  
 468,452  
 274,699  
 31,000  
 30,257  
 2,816  
 12,000  
 - 
 1,455,167  

In December 2016, Aqua Pennsylvania issued $85,000 of first mortgage bonds, of which $25,000 is due in 2051 
and $60,000 is due in 2056 with interest rates of 3.85% and 3.95%, respectively.  In January 2017, Aqua 
Pennsylvania issued $50,000 of first mortgage bonds, of which $10,000 is due in 2042 and $40,000 is due in 2044 
with interest rates of 3.65% and 3.69%, respectively.  The proceeds from these bonds were used to repay existing 
indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.      

In November 2016, the Company issued $125,000 of senior notes, of which $35,000 is due in 2031, $30,000 is 
due in 2034, $25,000 is due in 2035, $10,000 is due in 2038, and $25,000 is due in 2041 with interest rates of 
3.01%, 3.19%, 3.25%, 3.41%, and 3.57%, respectively.  The proceeds from these bonds were used to repay 
existing indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.        

In December 2015, Aqua Pennsylvania issued $210,000 of first mortgage bonds, of which $65,000 is due in 2036, 
$20,000 is due in 2037, $25,000 is due in 2038, $60,000 is due in 2046, $20,000 is due in 2047, and $20,000 is 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

due in 2048 with interest rates of 3.77%, 3.82%, 3.85%, 4.16%, 4.18%, and 4.20%, respectively.  The proceeds 
from these bonds were used to repay existing indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.     

In October 2015, Aqua Pennsylvania provided notice for the early redemption of $4,000 of first mortgage bonds 
at 8.14% that were originally maturing in 2025 and $95,985 of tax-exempt bonds at 5.00% that were originally 
maturing between 2035 and 2038.  Upon early redemption in December 2015 of the tax-exempt bonds, a gain of 
$678 was recognized resulting from the recognition of the unamortized issuance premium.  

In May 2015, the Company issued $70,000 of senior unsecured notes due in 2030 with an interest rate of 3.59%.  
The proceeds were used to repay existing indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.    

In May 2015, Aqua Pennsylvania entered into a $50,000 three-year unsecured loan at an interest rate of 1.975%.  
The proceeds from this loan were used for refinancing existing indebtedness and general working capital 
purposes.   

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company did not have any funds restricted for construction activity.   
The weighted average cost of long-term debt at December 31, 2016 and 2015 was 4.23% and 4.44%, 
respectively.  The weighted average cost of fixed rate long-term debt at December 31, 2016 and 2015 was 4.26% 
and 4.57%, respectively. 

The Company has a five-year unsecured revolving credit facility, which was amended in February 2016 to extend 
the expiration from March 2017 to February 2021, to increase the facility from $200,000 to $250,000, and added 
a fourth bank to the lending group.  Included within this facility is a $15,000 sublimit for daily demand loans.  
Funds borrowed under this facility are classified as long-term debt and are used to provide working capital as well 
as support for letters of credit for insurance policies and other financing arrangements.  As of December 31, 2016, 
the Company has the following sublimits and available capacity under the credit facility:  $50,000 letter of credit 
sublimit, $32,439 of letters of credit available capacity, $0 borrowed under the swing-line commitment, and 
$25,000 of funds borrowed under the agreement.  Interest under this facility is based at the Company’s option, on 
the prime rate, an adjusted Euro-Rate, an adjusted federal funds rate or at rates offered by the banks.  A facility 
fee is charged on the total commitment amount of the agreement.  Under this facility the average cost of 
borrowings was 1.54% and 0.87%, and the average borrowing was $89,374 and $82,880, during 2016 and 2015, 
respectively.       

The Company is obligated to comply with covenants under some of its loan and debt agreements.  These 
covenants contain a number of restrictive financial covenants, which among other things limit, subject to specific 
exceptions, the Company’s ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated total capitalization, and require 
a minimum level of earnings coverage over interest expense.  During 2016, the Company was in compliance with 
its debt covenants under its credit facilities.  Failure to comply with the Company’s debt covenants could result in 
an event of default, which could result in the Company being required to repay or finance its borrowings before 
their due date, possibly limiting the Company’s future borrowings, and increasing its borrowing costs.   

Loans Payable – In November 2016, Aqua Pennsylvania renewed its $100,000 364-day unsecured revolving 
credit facility with four banks.  The funds borrowed under this agreement are classified as loans payable and used 
to provide working capital.  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, funds borrowed under the agreement were 
$5,545 and $7,281, respectively.  Interest under this facility is based, at the borrower’s option, on the prime rate, 
an adjusted federal funds rate, an adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate corresponding to the interest period 
selected, an adjusted Euro-Rate corresponding to the interest period selected or at rates offered by the banks.  This 
agreement restricts short-term borrowings of Aqua Pennsylvania.  A commitment fee of 0.05% is charged on the 
total commitment amount of Aqua Pennsylvania’s revolving credit agreement.  The average cost of borrowing 
under the facility was 1.18% and 0.86%, and the average borrowing was $29,760 and $25,486, during 2016 and 

52 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

2015, respectively. The maximum amount outstanding at the end of any one month was $52,905 and $40,000 in 
2016 and 2015, respectively.  

At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company had other combined short-term lines of credit of $35,500.  Funds 
borrowed under these lines are classified as loans payable and are used to provide working capital.  As of 
December 31, 2016 and 2015, funds borrowed under the short-term lines of credit were $990 and $9,440, 
respectively.  The average borrowing under the lines was $2,944 and $5,132 during 2016 and 2015, respectively.  
The maximum amount outstanding at the end of any one month was $9,440 in 2016 and 2015, respectively.  
Interest under the lines is based at the Company’s option, depending on the line, on the prime rate, an adjusted 
Euro-Rate, an adjusted federal funds rate or at rates offered by the banks.  The average cost of borrowings under 
all lines during 2016 and 2015 was 1.24% and 0.99%, respectively. 

Interest Income and Expense– Interest income of $217, $272, and $316 was netted against interest expense on 
the consolidated statement of net income for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.  
The total interest cost was $80,811, $76,808, and $76,713 in 2016, 2015, and 2014, including amounts capitalized 
of $8,815, $6,219, and $5,134, respectively. 

Note 11 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

Financial instruments are recorded at carrying value in the financial statements and approximate fair value, with 
the exception of long-term debt, as of the dates presented.  The fair value of these instruments is disclosed below 
in accordance with current accounting guidance related to financial instruments.   

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, which is comprised of a money market fund, is determined based on 
the net asset value per unit utilizing level 2 methods and assumptions.  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the 
carrying amounts of the Company's cash and cash equivalents were $3,763 and $3,229, which equates to their fair 
value.  The fair value of “available-for-sale” securities to fund our deferred compensation plan liability, which 
represents mutual funds, is determined based on quoted market prices from active markets.  As of December 31, 
2016 and 2015, the carrying amount of these securities was $17,072 and $10,284.  The fair value of funds 
restricted for construction activity and loans payable are determined based on their carrying amount and utilizing 
level 1 methods and assumptions.  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company did not have any funds 
restricted for construction activity.  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the carrying amount of the Company’s 
loans payable was $6,535 and $16,721, respectively, which equates to their estimated fair value.     

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s long-term debt is as follows: 

Carrying amount 
Estimated fair value 

December 31, 

2016 

2015 

$ 

 1,910,633  
 2,018,933  

$ 

 1,779,205  
 1,905,393  

The fair value of long-term debt has been determined by discounting the future cash flows using current market 
interest rates for similar financial instruments of the same duration utilizing level 2 methods and assumptions.  
The Company’s customers’ advances for construction have a carrying value of $91,843 and $86,934 at December 
31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  Their relative fair values cannot be accurately estimated because future refund 
payments depend on several variables, including new customer connections, customer consumption levels and 
future rate increases.  Portions of these non-interest bearing instruments are payable annually through 2026 and 
amounts not paid by the contract expiration dates become non-refundable.  The fair value of these amounts would, 
however, be less than their carrying value due to the non-interest bearing feature. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 12 – Stockholders’ Equity 

At December 31, 2016, the Company had 300,000,000 shares of common stock authorized; par value $0.50.  
Shares outstanding and treasury shares held were as follows:  

Shares outstanding 
Treasury shares 

2016 

 177,394,376  
 2,916,969  

December 31, 
2015 

 176,544,091  
 2,819,569  

2014 

 176,753,270  
 1,837,984  

At December 31, 2016, the Company had 1,770,819 shares of authorized but unissued Series Preferred Stock, 
$1.00 par value. 

In February 2015, the Company filed a universal shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (“SEC”) to allow for the potential future sale by the Company, from time to time, in one or more 
public offerings, of an indeterminate amount of our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities and other 
securities specified therein at indeterminate prices. 

In February 2015, the Company filed a registration statement with the SEC which permits the offering, from time 
to time, of an aggregate of $500,000 in shares of common stock and shares of preferred stock in connection with 
acquisitions.  During 2016, 439,943 shares of common stock totaling $12,845 were issued by the Company to 
acquire a water utility system.  The balance remaining available for use under the acquisition shelf registration as 
of December 31, 2016 is $487,155. 

The form and terms of any securities issued under the universal shelf registration statement and the acquisition 
shelf registration statement will be determined at the time of issuance.    

The Company has a Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase Plan (“Plan”) that allows reinvested 
dividends to be used to purchase shares of common stock at a five percent discount from the current market value.  
Under the direct stock purchase program, shares are purchased by investors at a five percent discount from the 
market price.  The shares issued under the Plan are either shares purchased by the Company’s transfer agent in the 
open-market or original issue shares.  In 2016, 2015, and 2014, 484,645, 535,439, and 558,317 shares of the 
Company were purchased under the dividend reinvestment portion of the Plan by the Company’s transfer agent in 
the open-market for $14,916, $14,380, and $14,148, respectively.  During 2016 and 2015, under the dividend 
reinvestment portion of the Plan, 47,478 and 26,295 original issue shares of common stock were sold, providing 
the Company with proceeds of $1,388 and $677, respectively.  During 2014 to minimize share dilution, the 
Company did not sell original issue shares of common stock under the Plan.      

In October 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a resolution authorizing the Company to purchase, 
from time to time, up to 685,348 shares of its common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated 
transactions.  This authorization renewed the number of shares that had remained, when affected for stock splits, 
from an existing share buy-back authorization from 1997.  The specific timing, amount and other terms of 
repurchases will depend on market conditions, regulatory requirements and other factors.  In 2014, we 
repurchased 560,000 shares of our common stock in the open market for $13,280.  In December 2014, the 
Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share buyback program, commencing in 2015, of up to 1,000,000 
shares to minimize share dilution through timely and orderly share repurchases.  In December 2015, the 
Company’s Board of Directors added 400,000 shares to this program.  In 2016, we did not repurchase any shares 
of our common stock in the open market.  In 2015, we repurchased 805,000 shares of the Company’s common 
stock in the open market for $20,502.  This program expired on December 31, 2016.   

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income is reported in the stockholders’ equity section of the 
consolidated balance sheets, the consolidated statements of equity, and the related components of other 
comprehensive income are reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  The Company 
reports its unrealized gains or losses on investments as other comprehensive income and accumulated other 
comprehensive income.  The Company recorded a regulatory asset for its underfunded status of its pension and 
other post-retirement benefit plans that would otherwise be charged to other comprehensive income, as it 
anticipates recovery of its costs through customer rates.     

Note 13 – Net Income per Common Share and Equity per Common Share 

Basic net income per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  Diluted net 
income per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive 
shares.  The dilutive effect of employee stock-based compensation is included in the computation of diluted net 
income per share.  The dilutive effect of stock-based compensation is calculated by using the treasury stock 
method and expected proceeds upon exercise or issuance of the stock-based compensation.  The following table 
summarizes the shares, in thousands, used in computing basic and diluted net income per share: 

Average common shares outstanding during the period for basic 
computation 
Effect of dilutive securities: 

Employee stock-based compensation 

Average common shares outstanding during the period for diluted 
computation 

Years ended December 31, 
2015 

2016 

2014 

 177,273  

 176,788  

 176,864  

 573  

 729  

 899  

 177,846  

 177,517  

 177,763  

For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, all of the Company’s employee stock options were 
included in the calculation of diluted net income per share as the calculated cost to exercise the stock options was 
less than the average market price of the Company’s common stock during these periods.   

Equity per common share was $10.43 and $9.78 at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  These amounts 
were computed by dividing Aqua America stockholders’ equity by the number of shares of common stock 
outstanding at the end of each year. 

Note 14 – Employee Stock and Incentive Plan 

Under the Company’s 2009 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan, as amended as of February 27, 2014 (the “2009 
Plan”), as approved by the Company’s shareholders to replace the 2004 Equity Compensation Plan (the “2004 
Plan”), stock options, stock units, stock awards, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalents, and other stock-
based awards may be granted to employees, non-employee directors, and consultants and advisors.  No further 
grants may be made under the 2004 Plan.  The 2009 Plan authorizes 6,250,000 shares for issuance under the plan.  
A maximum of 3,125,000 shares under the 2009 Plan may be issued pursuant to stock award, stock units and 
other stock-based awards, subject to adjustment as provided in the 2009 Plan.  During any calendar year, no 
individual may be granted (i) stock options and stock appreciation rights under the 2009 Plan for more than 
500,000 shares of common stock in the aggregate or (ii) stock awards, stock units or other stock-based awards 
under the 2009 Plan for more than 500,000 shares of Company stock in the aggregate, subject to adjustment as 
provided in the 2009 Plan.  Awards to employees and consultants under the 2009 Plan are made by a committee 
of the Board of Directors, except that with respect to awards to the Chief Executive Officer, the committee 
recommends those awards for approval by the non-employee directors of the Board of Directors.  In the case of 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

awards to non-employee directors, the Board of Directors makes such awards.  At December 31, 2016, 3,952,869 
shares underlying stock-based compensation awards were still available for grant under the 2009 Plan.     

The recording of compensation expense for share-based compensation has no impact on net cash flows and results 
in the reclassification on the consolidated cash flow statements of related tax benefits from cash flows from 
operating activities to cash flows from financing activities to the extent these tax benefits exceed the associated 
compensation cost.   

Performance Share Units – During 2016, 2015, and 2014, the Company granted performance share units.  A 
performance share unit (“PSU”) represents the right to receive a share of the Company’s common stock if 
specified performance goals are met over the three year performance period specified in the grant, subject to 
exceptions through the respective vesting periods, generally three years.  Each grantee is granted a target award of 
PSUs, and may earn between 0% and 200% of the target amount depending on the Company’s performance 
against the performance goals, which consisted of the following metrics for the 2016 grant: 

•  27.5% of the PSUs could be earned based on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) compared 
to the TSR for a specific peer group of investor-owned water companies (a market-based condition); 

•  27.5% of the PSUs could be earned based on the Company’s TSR compared to the TSR for the 
companies listed in the Standard and Poor’ Midcap Utilities Index (a market-based condition); 

•  25% of the PSUs could be earned based on the achievement of a targeted cumulative level of rate base 

growth as a result of acquisitions (a performance-based condition); and 

•  And 20% of the PSUs could be earned based on the achievement of targets for maintaining consolidated 
operations and maintenance expenses over the three year measurement period (a performance-based 
condition).     

The performance goals of the 2015 and 2014 grants consisted of the following metrics:   

•  30% of the PSUs could be earned based on the Company’s TSR compared to the TSR for a specific peer 

group of investor-owned water companies (a market-based condition);  

•  30% of the PSUs could be earned based on the Company’s TSR compared to the TSR for the companies 

listed in the Standard and Poor’s Midcap Utilities Index (a market-based condition);  

•  20% of the PSUs could be earned based on maintaining an average ratio of operations and maintenance 
expenses as a percentage of revenues at Aqua Pennsylvania compared to a target average ratio for the 
three year performance period (a performance-based condition); and  

•  20% of the PSUs could be earned based on earning a cumulative total earnings before taxes for the 

Company operations other than Aqua Pennsylvania for the three year performance period compared to a 
target (a performance-based condition).   

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The following table provides compensation costs for PSUs:   

Stock-based compensation within operations and maintenance expense 
Income tax benefit 

Years ended December 31, 
  2015 

  2014 

  2016 
$ 

3,823 
1,552 

 4,419   $ 
 1,796  

 4,996  
 2,044  

The following table summarizes nonvested PSU transactions for the year ended December 31, 2016:  

Nonvested share units at beginning of period 

Granted 
Performance criteria adjustment 
Forfeited 
Share units vested in prior period and issued in current period 
Share units issued 

Nonvested share units at end of period 

Number of 
Share Units 

Weighted 
Average Fair 
Value 

 424,858   $ 
 152,750  
 66,512  
 (21,964) 
 44,625  
 (189,885) 
 476,896   $ 

 25.78  
 28.89  
 26.65  
 26.85  
 26.88  
 23.25  
 27.96  

A portion of the fair value of PSUs was estimated at the grant date based on the probability of satisfying the 
market-based conditions associated with the PSUs using the Monte Carlo valuation method, which assesses the 
probabilities of various outcomes of market conditions.  The other portion of the fair value of the PSUs associated 
with performance-based conditions was based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the grant date, 
regardless of whether the market-based condition is satisfied.  The fair value of each PSU grant is amortized into 
compensation expense on a straight-line basis over their respective vesting periods, generally 36 months.  The 
accrual of compensation costs is based on an estimate of the final expected value of the award, and is adjusted as 
required for the portion based on the performance-based condition.  The Company assumes that forfeitures will be 
minimal, and recognizes forfeitures as they occur, which results in a reduction in compensation expense.  As the 
payout of the PSUs includes dividend equivalents, no separate dividend yield assumption is required in 
calculating the fair value of the PSUs.  The recording of compensation expense for PSUs has no impact on net 
cash flows.  The following table provides the assumptions used in the pricing model for the grant, the resulting 
grant date fair value of PSUs, and the intrinsic value and fair value of PSUs that vested during the year: 

Expected term (years) 
Risk-free interest rate 
Expected volatility 
Weighted average fair value of PSUs granted 
Intrinsic value of vested PSUs 
Fair value of vested PSUs 

Years ended December 31, 
2015 

2016 

2014 

 3.0   
0.91%  
17.9%  
28.89  $ 
 5,912   $ 
 5,104   $ 

 3.0    
1.03%   
16.9%   
26.46  $ 
 7,964   $ 
 6,416   $ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

 3.0  
0.68% 
19.8% 
25.31 
 4,327  
 3,297  

57 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

As of December 31, 2016, $5,444 of unrecognized compensation costs related to PSUs is expected to be recognized 
over a weighted average period of approximately 1.8 years.    The aggregate intrinsic value of PSUs as of December 
31, 2016 was $15,582.  The aggregate intrinsic value of PSUs is based on the number of nonvested share units and 
the market value of the Company’s common stock as of the period end date. 

Restricted Stock Units – A restricted stock unit (“RSU”) represents the right to receive a share of the Company’s 
common stock and is valued based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant.  RSUs 
are eligible to be earned at the end of a specified restricted period, generally three years, beginning on the date of 
grant.  In some cases, the right to receive the shares is subject to specific performance goals established at the time 
the grant is made.  The Company assumes that forfeitures will be minimal, and recognizes forfeitures as they 
occur, which results in a reduction in compensation expense.  As the payout of the RSUs includes dividend 
equivalents, no separate dividend yield assumption is required in calculating the fair value of the RSUs.  The 
following table provides compensation costs for RSUs:     

Stock-based compensation within operations and maintenance expense 
Income tax benefit 

  2016 
$ 

Years ended December 31, 
  2015 

  2014 

 1,061   $ 
 438  

 1,076   $ 
 444  

 1,122  
 464  

The following table summarizes nonvested RSU transactions for the year ended December 31, 2016: 

Nonvested stock units at beginning of period 

Granted 
Stock units vested and issued 
Forfeited 

Nonvested stock units at end of period 

The following table summarizes the value of RSUs: 

Weighted average fair value of RSUs granted 
Intrinsic value of vested RSUs 
Fair value of vested RSUs 

Number of 
Stock Units 

Weighted 
Average Fair 
Value 

 88,353   $ 
 50,612  
 (25,740) 
 (3,952) 
 109,273   $ 

 24.94  
 32.08  
 23.51  
 27.81  
 28.48  

$ 

Years ended December 31, 

2016 

2015 

2014 

32.08  $ 
 805  
 605  

26.00  $ 

 2,327   
 1,904   

24.80 
 759  
 544  

As of December 31, 2016, $1,498 of unrecognized compensation costs related to RSUs is expected to be recognized 
over a weighted average period of approximately 1.8 years.  The aggregate intrinsic value of RSUs as of December 
31, 2016 was $3,283.  The aggregate intrinsic value of RSUs is based on the number of nonvested stock units and 
the market value of the Company’s common stock as of the period end date. 

58 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Stock Options – The following table provides compensation costs for stock options: 

Years ended December 31, 

2016 

2015 

2014 

Income tax benefit 

$ 

260 

$ 

 193  

$ 

 189  

There were no stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014.  
Options under the plans were issued at the closing market price of the stock on the day of the grant.  Options are 
exercisable in installments of 33% annually, starting one year from the date of the grant and expire 10 years from 
the date of the grant.  The fair value of options was estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-
pricing model, which relies on assumptions that require management’s judgment.   

The following table summarizes stock option transactions for the year ended December 31, 2016: 

Outstanding, beginning of year 

Forfeited 
Expired / Cancelled 
Exercised 

Outstanding and exercisable at end of year 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Life (years) 

Aggregate 
Intrinsic 
Value 

 16.62   
 -  
 16.15   
 18.62   
 15.55  

 1.9   $ 

 6,190  

Shares 

 659,533   $ 

 - 
 (3,436) 
 (228,762) 
 427,335   $ 

The intrinsic value of stock options is the amount by which the market price of the stock on a given date, such as at 
the end of the period or on the day of exercise, exceeded the closing market price of stock on the date of grant.  The 
following table summarizes the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised and the fair value of stock 
options which became vested: 

Intrinsic value of options exercised 

Years ended December 31, 

2016 

2015 

2014 

$ 

2,945  $ 

 4,154   $ 

 4,054  

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The following table summarizes information about the options outstanding and options exercisable as of 
December 31, 2016: 

Options Outstanding and Exercisable 

Range of prices: 
$13.00 - 14.99 
$15.00 - 15.99 
$16.00 - 16.99 
$17.00 - 19.99 

Weighted Average 
Remaining Life 
(years) 

Shares 

Weighted Average Exercise 
Price 

 121,707  
 127,779  
 117,025  
 60,824  
 427,335  

 3.1  
 2.2  
 1.2  
 0.1  
 1.9  

$ 

$ 

 13.72   
 15.30   
 16.15   
 18.61   
 15.55   

As of December 31, 2016, there were no unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested stock options 
granted under the plans.  

Restricted Stock – Restricted stock awards provide the grantee with the rights of a shareholder, including the right 
to receive dividends and to vote such shares, but not the right to sell or otherwise transfer the shares during the 
restriction period.  Restricted stock awards result in compensation expense which is equal to the fair market value 
of the stock on the date of the grant and is amortized ratably over the restriction period. The Company expects 
forfeitures of restricted stock to be de minimis.   

The following table provides compensation costs for restricted stock: 

Stock-based compensation within operations and maintenance expense 
Income tax benefit 

$ 

 -  $ 
 - 

 -  $ 
 - 

 691  
 287  

The following table summarizes the value of restricted stock awards: 

Years ended December 31, 
  2015 

  2016 

  2014 

Years ended December 31, 
  2015 

  2016 

  2014 

Intrinsic value of restricted stock awards vested 
Fair value of restricted stock awards vested 
Weighted average fair value of restricted stock awards granted 

$ 

 -  $ 
 - 
 - 

 860   $ 
 553  
 - 

 1,097  
 906  
 25.19  

As of December 31, 2016, there were no unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested restricted stock as 
restricted stock was fully amortized in 2014.  Additionally, there was no restricted stock granted during the years 
ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.   

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Stock Awards – The following table provides compensation costs for stock-based compensation related to stock 
awards: 

Years ended December 31, 
  2015 

  2016 

  2014 

Stock-based compensation within operations and maintenance expense 
Income tax benefit 

$ 

 506   $ 
 210  

 365   $ 
 151  

 - 
 - 

The following table summarizes stock award transactions for year ended December 31, 2016: 

Nonvested stock awards at beginning of period 

Granted 
Vested 

Nonvested stock units at end of period 

Number of 
Stock Units 

Weighted 
Average Fair 
Value 

 -  $ 

 15,877  
 (15,877) 

 -  $  

 - 
 31.87  
 31.87  

The per unit weighted-average fair value at the date of grant for stock awards granted during the years ended December 
31, 2016 and 2015 was $31.87 and $26.44, respectively. 

Note 15 – Pension Plans and Other Post-retirement Benefits 

The Company maintains a qualified, defined benefit pension plan that covers its full-time employees who were 
hired prior to April 1, 2003.  Retirement benefits under the plan are generally based on the employee’s total years 
of service and compensation during the last five years of employment. The Company’s policy is to fund the plan 
annually at a level which is deductible for income tax purposes and which provides assets sufficient to meet its 
pension obligations over time.  To offset some limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code with respect to 
payments under qualified plans, the Company has a non-qualified Supplemental Pension Benefit Plan for Salaried 
Employees in order to prevent some employees from being penalized by these limitations, and to provide certain 
retirement benefits based on employee’s years of service and compensation.  The Company also has non-qualified 
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans for some current and retired employees.  The net pension costs and 
obligations of the qualified and non-qualified plans are included in the tables which follow.  Employees hired 
after April 1, 2003 may participate in a defined contribution plan that provides a Company matching contribution 
on amounts contributed by participants and an annual profit-sharing contribution based upon a percentage of the 
eligible participants’ compensation.  

In August 2014, the Company announced changes to the way it will provide future retirement benefits to 
employees acquired through a prior acquisition.  Effective January 1, 2015, the Company began providing future 
retirement benefits for these employees through its defined contribution plan.  As a result, no further service will 
be considered in future accruals in the qualified defined benefit pension plan after December 31, 2014, and as a 
result of this change, the Company recognized a curtailment loss of $84 in 2014.  

Effective July 1, 2015, the Company added a permanent lump sum option to the form of benefit payments offered 
to participants of the qualified defined benefit pension plan upon retirement or termination.  The plan paid $5,329 
during the second half of 2015 to participants who elected this option and $9,990 during 2016.          

In addition to providing pension benefits, the Company offers post-retirement benefits other than pensions to 
employees hired before April 1, 2003 and retiring with a minimum level of service.  These benefits include 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

continuation of medical and prescription drug benefits, or a cash contribution toward such benefits, for eligible 
retirees and life insurance benefits for eligible retirees.  The Company funds these benefits through various trust 
accounts.  The benefits of retired officers and other eligible retirees are paid by the Company and not from plan 
assets due to limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. 

In 2016 the Company recognized a settlement loss of $2,895, which results from lump sum payments from the 
non-qualified plans exceeding the threshold of service and interest cost for the period.  A settlement loss is the 
recognition of unrecognized pension benefit costs that would have been incurred in subsequent periods.  The 
Company recorded this settlement loss as a regulatory asset, as it is probable of recovery in future rates, which 
will be amortized into pension benefit costs.     

The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid in 
the years indicated: 

Pension Benefits 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

Years: 
2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022-2026 

$ 

$ 

 20,791   
 20,640   
 20,240   
 21,369   
 20,824   
 104,672   

 2,025  
 2,296  
 2,570  
 2,815  
 2,974  
 17,701  

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The changes in the benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets, the funded status of the plans and the 
assumptions used in the measurement of the company’s benefit obligation are as follows: 

Change in benefit obligation: 

Benefit obligation at January 1, 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial (gain) loss 
Plan participants' contributions 
Benefits paid 
Plan amendments 
Settlements 
Special termination benefits 

Benefit obligation at December 31, 

Change in plan assets: 

Fair value of plan assets at January 1, 
Actual return on plan assets 
Employer contributions 
Benefits paid 
Settlements 
Special termination benefits 

Fair value of plan assets at December 31, 

Funded status of plan: 
  Net amount recognized at December 31, 

Pension Benefits 
2016 

2015 

  Other Post-retirement Benefits 

2016 

2015 

$ 

$ 

 306,539   $ 
 3,179    
 13,038    
 15,321    
 -   
 (21,861)   
 -   
 (7,742)   
 (302)   
 308,172  

 238,605    
 17,375    
 16,285    
 (21,861)   
 (7,742)   
 (302)   
 242,360  

 311,609   
 3,349   
 12,955   
 (7,778)  
 -  
 (17,118)  
 3,220   
 -  
 302   
 306,539   

 244,897   
 (3,058)  
 13,884   
 (17,118)  
 -  
 -  
 238,605   

 65,137  
 1,014  
 2,927  
 1,400  
 170  
 (1,336) 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 69,312  

 43,704  
 2,149  
 1,360  
 (1,128) 
 - 
 - 
 46,085  

$ 

 71,958  
 1,224  
 2,802  
 (6,527) 
 204  
 (1,270) 
 (3,254) 
 - 
 - 
 65,137  

 43,326  
 (998) 
 2,428  
 (1,052) 
 - 
 - 
 43,704  

$ 

 65,812   $ 

 67,934   

$ 

 23,227  

$ 

 21,433  

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

  The following table provides the net liability recognized on the consolidated balance sheets at December 31,: 

Current liability 
Noncurrent liability 
Net liability recognized 

Pension Benefits 

2016 

2015 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

2016 

2015 

$ 

$ 

 613   $ 

 65,199  
 65,812   $ 

 8,370   
 59,564   
 67,934   

$ 

$ 

$ 

 - 
 23,226  
 23,226  

 - 
 21,433  
 21,433  

At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company’s pension plans had benefit obligations in excess of its plan assets.  
The following tables provide the projected benefit obligation, the accumulated benefit obligation and fair market 
value of the plan assets as of December 31,: 

Projected benefit obligation 
Fair value of plan assets 

Accumulated benefit obligation 
Fair value of plan assets 

Projected Benefit Obligation Exceeds the Fair Value of 
Plan Assets 

2016 

2015 

$ 

 308,172  
 242,360  

$ 

 306,539  
 238,605  

Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds the Fair Value 
of Plan Assets 

2016 

2015 

$ 

 291,889  
 242,360  

$ 

 291,132  
 238,605  

The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit costs for the years ended December 31,: 

Service cost 

Interest cost 

Expected return on plan assets 

Amortization of prior service cost (credit) 

Amortization of actuarial loss 

Settlement loss 

Curtailment loss 

Special termination benefits 

Net periodic benefit cost 

Pension Benefits 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

2016 

2015 

$ 

 3,179   $ 

 3,349   $ 

 13,038  

 (16,910) 

 578  

 7,153  

 2,895  

 - 

 302  

 12,955  

 (18,702) 

 174  

 5,993  

 - 

 - 

 - 

$ 

 10,235   $ 

 3,769   $ 

2014 

 4,295   
 14,153   
 (17,601)  
 277   
 2,256   
 -  
 84   
 -  
 3,464   

2016 

2015 

2014 

$ 

 1,014   $ 

 1,224  

$ 

 1,161  

 2,927  

 (2,647) 

 (549) 

 926  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 2,802  

 (2,923) 

 (687) 

 1,282  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 2,903  

 (2,742) 

 (278) 

 260  

 - 

 - 

 - 

$ 

 1,671   $ 

 1,698  

$ 

 1,304  

The Company records the underfunded status of its pension and other post-retirement benefit plans on its 
consolidated balance sheets and records a regulatory asset for these costs that would otherwise be charged to 
stockholders’ equity, as the Company anticipates recoverability of the costs through customer rates to be 
probable.  The Company’s pension and other post-retirement benefit plans were underfunded at December 31, 
2016 and 2015.  Changes in the plans’ funded status will affect the assets and liabilities recorded on the balance 
sheet.  Due to the Company’s regulatory treatment, the recognition of the funded status is recorded as a regulatory 
asset pursuant to the FASB’s accounting guidance for regulated operations. 

64 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The following table provides the amounts recognized in regulatory assets that have not been recognized as 
components of net periodic benefit cost as of December 31,: 

Net actuarial loss  
Prior service cost (credit) 
Total recognized in regulatory assets 

Pension Benefits 
2016 
 92,436   $ 
 3,841  
 96,277   $ 

2015 
 87,930   
 4,419   
 92,349   

$ 

$ 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

2016 
 15,441  
 (2,378) 
 13,063  

$ 

$ 

2015 

 14,469  
 (2,926) 
 11,543  

$ 

$ 

The following table provides the estimated net actuarial loss and prior service cost for the Company’s pension 
plans that will be amortized from regulatory asset into net periodic benefit cost for the year ended December 31, 
2017: 

Net actuarial loss  
Prior service cost (credit) 

$ 

Pension Benefits 

  Other Post-retirement Benefits 
 1,165  
 (509) 

$ 

 8,023   
 579   

Accounting for pensions and other post-retirement benefits requires an extensive use of assumptions about the 
discount rate, expected return on plan assets, the rate of future compensation increases received by the Company’s 
employees, mortality, turnover and medical costs.  Each assumption is reviewed annually with assistance from the 
Company’s actuarial consultant who provides guidance in establishing the assumptions. The assumptions are 
selected to represent the average expected experience over time and may differ in any one year from actual 
experience due to changes in capital markets and the overall economy.  These differences will impact the amount 
of pension and other post-retirement benefit expense that the Company recognizes.  

The significant assumptions related to the Company’s benefit obligations are as follows: 

Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Benefit Obligations as of 
December 31, 
Discount rate 
Rate of compensation increase  

Pension Benefits 
2015 
2016 

Other Post-
retirement Benefits 

2016 

2015 

4.13% 

4.48%  
3.0-4.0%  3.0-4.0%  

4.25% 
n/a 

4.60% 
n/a 

Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates Used to Determine Benefit Obligations as of 
December 31, 

Health care cost trend rate 
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate) 
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate 

n/a 
n/a 
n/a 

n/a  
n/a  
n/a  

6.6% 
5.0% 
2020 

7.0% 
5.0% 
2021 

n/a – Assumption is not applicable. 

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
   
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The significant assumptions related to the Company’s net periodic benefit costs are as follows: 

Pension Benefits 
2015 

2016 

2014 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 
2014 
2015 
2016 

Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine 
Net Periodic Benefit Costs for Years Ended 
December 31, 
Discount rate 
Expected return on plan assets 
Rate of compensation increase 

Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates Used to 
Determine Net Periodic Benefit Costs for Years 
Ended December 31, 

Health care cost trend rate 
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline 
(the ultimate trend rate) 
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate 

n/a – Assumption is not applicable. 

4.48% 
7.25% 

5.12%  
4.20% 
7.50%  
7.50% 
3.0-4.0%  3.0-4.0%  4.0-4.5%  

4.60% 

4.17% 

5.12% 
4.83-7.25%  5.00-7.50%  5.00-7.50% 
n/a 

n/a 

n/a 

n/a 

n/a 
n/a 

n/a 

n/a 
n/a 

n/a  

n/a  
n/a  

7.0% 

5.0% 
2021 

7.0% 

5.0% 
2019 

7.5% 

5.0% 
2019 

Assumed health-care trend rates have a significant effect on the expense and liabilities for other post-retirement 
benefit plans.  The health care trend rate is based on historical rates and expected market conditions.  A one-
percentage point change in the assumed health-care cost trend rates would have the following effects: 

1-Percentage-
Point Increase  

1-Percentage-
Point Decrease 

Effect on the health-care component of the accrued other post-retirement benefit 
obligation 
Effect on aggregate service and interest cost components of net periodic post-
retirement health-care benefit cost 

$ 

$ 

 4,456  

  $ 

 (3,981) 

 267   

$ 

 (243) 

The Company’s discount rate assumption, which is utilized to calculate the present value of the projected benefit 
payments of our post-retirement benefits, was determined by selecting a hypothetical portfolio of high quality 
corporate bonds appropriate to match the projected benefit payments of the plans.  The selected bond portfolio 
was derived from a universe of Aa-graded corporate bonds, all of which were noncallable (or callable with make-
whole provisions), and have at least $50,000 in outstanding value.  The discount rate was then developed as the 
rate that equates the market value of the bonds purchased to the discounted value of the plan’s benefit payments.  
The Company’s pension expense and liability (benefit obligations) increases as the discount rate is reduced.   

The Company’s expected return on plan assets is determined by evaluating the asset class return expectations with 
its advisors as well as actual, long-term, historical results of our asset returns.  The Company’s market related 
value of plan assets is equal to the fair value of the plan’s assets as of the last day of its fiscal year, and is a 
determinant for the expected return on plan assets which is a component of post-retirement benefits expense.  The 
Company’s pension expense increases as the expected return on plan assets decreases.  For 2016, the Company 
used a 7.25% expected return on plan assets assumption which will decrease to 7.00% for 2017.  The Company 
believes its actual long-term asset allocation on average will approximate the targeted allocation.  The Company’s 
investment strategy is to earn a reasonable rate of return while maintaining risk at acceptable levels through the 
diversification of investments across and within various asset categories. Investment returns are compared to 
benchmarks that include the S&P 500 Index, the Barclays Capital Intermediate Government/Credit Index, and a 

66 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

combination of the two indices.  The Pension Committee meets semi-annually to review plan investments and 
management monitors investment performance quarterly through a performance report prepared by an external 
consulting firm. 

The Company’s pension plan asset allocation and the target allocation by asset class are as follows: 

Domestic equities 
International equities 
Fixed income 
Alternative investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total 

Target Allocation 

25 to 75%  
0 to 10%  
25 to 50%  
0 to 5%  
0 to 20%  
100% 

Percentage of Plan Assets at 
December 31, 

2016 

2015 

65% 
6% 
19% 
2% 
8% 
100% 

63% 
6% 
24% 
3% 
4% 
100% 

The fair value of the Company’s pension plans’ assets at December 31, 2016 by asset class are as follows:  

  Level 1 

  Level 2 

 Level 3 

Total 

Domestic equities: (1) 

Common stocks 
Mutual funds 

International equities (2) 
Fixed income: (3) 

$ 

 152,740   $ 
 3,668  
 13,813  

 -  $ 
 - 
 - 

U.S. Treasury and government agency bonds 
Corporate and foreign bonds        
Mutual funds 

 - 
 - 
 9,752  

 11,170  
 24,385  

Alternative investments: (4) 

Real estate 
Commodity funds 

Cash and cash equivalents (5) 
Total pension assets 

 2,613  
 1,279  
 348  
 184,213   $ 

 - 
 - 
 22,592  
 58,147   $ 

$ 

 - 
 -   
 -   

 -  
 -   
 -   

 -   
 -   
 - 
 - 

  $ 

  $ 

 152,740  
 3,668  
 13,813  

 11,170  
 24,385  
 9,752  

 2,613  
 1,279  
 22,940  
 242,360  

67 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The fair value of the Company’s pension plans’ assets at December 31, 2015 by asset class are as follows: 

  Level 1 

  Level 2 

 Level 3 

  Total 

Domestic equities: (1) 

Common stocks 
Mutual funds 

International equities (2) 
Fixed income: (3) 

$ 

 146,970   $ 
 3,605  
 14,180  

 -  $ 
 - 
 - 

U.S. Treasury and government agency bonds 
Corporate and foreign bonds        
Mutual funds 

 - 
 - 
 21,523  

   22,953  
   13,579  
 - 

Alternative investments: (4) 

Real estate 
Commodity funds 

Cash and cash equivalents (5) 
Total pension assets 

 5,981  
 1,169  
 50  

 - 
 - 
 8,595  

$ 

 193,478   $   45,127   $ 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

  $ 

 146,970  
 3,605  
 14,180  

 22,953  
 13,579  
 21,523  

 5,981  
 1,169  
 8,645  
 238,605  

  $ 

(1)  Investments in common stocks are valued using unadjusted quoted prices obtained from active markets.  

Investments in equity mutual funds, which invest in stocks, are valued using the net asset value per unit as 
obtained from quoted market prices from active markets.   

(2)  Investments in international equities are valued using unadjusted quoted prices obtained from active markets. 

(3)  Investments in U.S. Treasury and government agency bonds and corporate and foreign bonds are valued by a 

pricing service which utilizes pricing models that incorporate available trade, bid, and other market 
information to value the fixed income securities.  Investments in fixed income mutual funds, which invest in 
bonds, are valued using the net asset value per unit as obtained from quoted market prices in active markets. 

(4)  Alternative investments are comprised of real estate funds, real estate investment trusts, and commodity 

funds, and are valued using unadjusted quoted prices obtained from active markets.      

(5)  Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of both uninvested cash and money market funds.  The uninvested 

cash is valued based on its carrying value, and the money market funds are valued utilizing the net asset value 
per unit based on the fair value of the underlying assets as determined by the fund’s investment managers. 

Equity securities include our common stock in the amounts of $20,632 or 8.5% and $19,958 or 8.4% of total 
pension plans’ assets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The asset allocation for the Company’s other post-retirement benefit plans and the target allocation by asset class 
are as follows: 

Percentage of Plan Assets at 
December 31, 

Domestic equities 
International equities 
Fixed income 
Alternative investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total 

Target Allocation 

2016 

2015 

25 to 75%  
0 to 10%  
25 to 50%  
0 to 5%  
0 to 20%  
100% 

52% 
3% 
25% 
0% 
20% 
100% 

54% 
2% 
26% 
0% 
18% 
100% 

The fair value of the Company’s other post-retirement benefit plans’ assets at December 31, 2016 by asset class 
are as follows: 

Domestic equities: (1) 

Common stocks 
Mutual funds 

International equities (2) 
Fixed income: (3) 

U.S. Treasury and government agency bonds 
Corporate and foreign bonds        

Alternative investments (4) 
Cash and cash equivalents (5) 
Total other post-retirement assets 

  Level 1 

  Level 2 

 Level 3 

Total 

$ 

 10,667   $ 
 13,464  
 1,242  

 -  $ 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 172  
 - 

$ 

 25,545   $ 

 4,968  
 6,347  
 - 
 9,225  
 20,540   $ 

 -  $ 
 -   
 -   

 -  
 -   
 -   
 - 
 - 

  $ 

 10,667  
 13,464  
 1,242  

 4,968  
 6,347  
 172  
 9,225  
 46,085  

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The fair value of the Company’s other post-retirement benefit plans’ assets at December 31, 2015 by asset class 
are as follows: 

Domestic equities: (1) 

Common stocks 
Mutual funds 

International equities (2) 
Fixed income: (3) 

U.S. Treasury and government agency bonds 
Corporate and foreign bonds        
Mutual funds 

Cash and cash equivalents (5) 
Total other post-retirement assets 

  Level 1 

  Level 2 

 Level 3 

  Total 

$ 

 11,772   $ 
 12,030  
 1,078  

 -  $ 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 2,177  
 - 

 4,551  
 4,476  
 - 
 7,620  

$ 

 27,057   $   16,647   $ 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

  $ 

  $ 

 11,772  
 12,030  
 1,078  

 4,551  
 4,476  
 2,177  
 7,620  
 43,704  

(1)  Investments in common stocks are valued using unadjusted quoted prices obtained from active markets.  

Investments in equity mutual funds, which invest in stocks, are valued using the net asset value per unit as 
obtained from quoted market prices from active markets. 

(2)  Investments in international equities are valued using unadjusted quoted prices obtained from active markets. 

(3)  Investments in U.S. Treasury and government agency bonds and corporate and foreign bonds are valued by a 

pricing service which utilizes pricing models that incorporate available trade, bid, and other market 
information to value the fixed income securities.  Investments in fixed income mutual funds, which invest in 
bonds, are valued using the net asset value per unit as obtained from quoted market prices in active markets.    

(4)  Investments in alternative investments are comprised of investments in real estate funds and real estate 

investment trusts and are valued using unadjusted quoted prices obtained from active markets. 

(5)  Cash and cash equivalents is comprised of money market funds, which are valued utilizing the net asset value 
per unit based on the fair value of the underlying assets as determined by the fund’s investment managers.  

Funding requirements for qualified defined benefit pension plans are determined by government regulations and 
not by accounting pronouncements.  In accordance with funding rules and the Company’s funding policy, during 
2017 our pension contribution is expected to be $15,421.   

The Company has a 401(k) savings plan, which is a defined contribution plan and covers substantially all 
employees.  The Company makes matching contributions that are initially invested in our common stock based on 
a percentage of an employee’s contribution, subject to specific limitations.  Participants may diversify their 
Company matching account balances into other investments offered under the 401(k) savings plan.  The 
Company’s contributions, which are recorded as compensation expense, were $4,988, $5,001, and $3,051, for the 
years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.    

Note 16 – Water and Wastewater Rates 

On June 7, 2012, Aqua Pennsylvania reached a settlement agreement in its rate filing with the Pennsylvania 
Public Utility Commission, which in addition to a water rate increase, provided for a reduction in current income 
tax expense as a result of the recognition of qualifying income tax benefits upon Aqua Pennsylvania changing its 
tax accounting method to permit the expensing of qualifying utility asset improvement costs that historically have 

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

been capitalized and depreciated for book and tax purposes.  In December 2012, Aqua Pennsylvania implemented 
this change which provides for the flow-through of income tax benefits that resulted in a substantial reduction in 
income tax expense and greater net income and cash flow.  This change allowed Aqua Pennsylvania to suspend its 
water Distribution System Improvement Charges in 2013 and lengthen the amount of time until the next Aqua 
Pennsylvania rate case is filed.      

The Company’s operating subsidiaries were allowed rate increases totaling $3,589 in 2016, $3,347 in 2015, and 
$9,886 in 2014, represented by seven, four, and twelve rate decisions, respectively.  Revenues from these 
increases realized in the year of grant were approximately $1,801, $2,887, and $5,375 in 2016, 2015, and 2014, 
respectively.  

Six states in which the Company operates permit water utilities, and in five states wastewater utilities, to add a 
surcharge to their water or wastewater bills to offset the additional depreciation and capital costs related to 
infrastructure system replacement and rehabilitation projects completed and placed into service between base rate 
filings.  Currently, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, New Jersey, and North Carolina allow for the use of this 
surcharge.  The surcharge for infrastructure system replacements and rehabilitations is typically adjusted 
periodically based on additional qualified capital expenditures completed or anticipated in a future period, is 
capped as a percentage of base rates, generally at 5% to 12.75%, and is reset to zero when new base rates that 
reflect the costs of those additions become effective or when a utility’s earnings exceed a regulatory benchmark.  
The surcharge for infrastructure system replacements and rehabilitations provided revenues in 2016, 2015, and 
2014 of $7,379, $3,261, and $4,598, respectively. 

Note 17 – Segment Information 

The Company has ten operating segments and one reportable segment.  The Regulated segment, the Company’s 
single reportable segment, is comprised of eight operating segments representing our water and wastewater 
regulated utility companies which are organized by the states where we provide water and wastewater services.  
These operating segments are aggregated into one reportable segment since each of these operating segments has 
the following similarities: economic characteristics, nature of services, production processes, customers, water 
distribution or wastewater collection methods, and the nature of the regulatory environment. 

Two operating segments are included within the Other category below.  These segments are not quantitatively 
significant and are comprised of Aqua Resources and Aqua Infrastructure.  In addition to these segments, Other is 
comprised of other business activities not included in the reportable segment, including corporate costs that have 
not been allocated to the Regulated segment and intersegment eliminations.  Corporate costs include general and 
administrative expenses, and interest expense. 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AQUA AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 

(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

The following table presents information about the Company’s reportable segment: 

2016 

  Other and 

2015 

  Other and 

Operating revenues 

$   800,107  

$ 

 19,768  

$ 

 819,875  

$   779,613  

$ 

 34,591  

$ 

 814,204  

  Regulated 

  Eliminations 

  Consolidated 

  Regulated 

  Eliminations 

  Consolidated 

Operations and maintenance expense 

Depreciation 

Operating income (loss) 

Interest expense, net 

Allowance for funds used during construction 

Equity (earnings) loss in joint venture 

Income tax (benefit) 

Net income (loss) 

Capital expenditures 

Total assets 

Goodwill 

   285,347  

   131,835  

   326,933  

 76,222  

 8,815  

 - 

 24,956  

   234,922  

   381,965  

 19,550  

 (848) 

 (1,348) 

 4,372  

 - 

 (976) 

 (3,978) 

 (740) 

 1,031  

 304,897  

 130,987  

 325,585  

 80,594  

 8,815  

 (976) 

 20,978  

 234,182  

 382,996  

   282,866  

   125,146  

   315,876  

 72,703  

 6,219  

 - 

 26,379  

   224,122  

   363,594  

 26,444  

 144  

 5,224  

 3,833  

 - 

 35,177  

 (11,417) 

 (22,332) 

 1,095  

 309,310  

 125,290  

 321,100  

 76,536  

 6,219  

 35,177  

 14,962  

 201,790  

 364,689  

  5,953,702  

 205,289  

 6,158,991  

  5,541,335  

 176,538  

 5,717,873  

 37,367  

 4,841  

 42,208  

 27,246  

 6,620  

 33,866  

2014 

  Other and 

  Regulated 

  Eliminations 

  Consolidated 

Operating revenues 

$   756,057  

$ 

 23,846  

$ 

 779,903  

Operations and maintenance expense 

Depreciation 

Operating income  

Interest expense, net 

Allowance for funds used during construction 

Equity loss in joint venture 

Income tax  

Income (loss) from continuing operations 

Capital expenditures 

Total assets 

Goodwill 

   274,754  

   122,728  

   305,333  

 72,106  

 5,134  

 - 

 24,792  

   213,890  

   325,943  

 13,802  

 326  

 9,026  

 4,291  

 - 

 3,989  

 427  

 (6) 

 2,662  

 288,556  

 123,054  

 314,359  

 76,397  

 5,134  

 3,989  

 25,219  

 213,884  

 328,605  

  5,172,371  

 210,872  

 5,383,243  

 24,564  

 6,620  

 31,184  

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) 
Aqua America, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

2016 

Operating revenues 

Operations and maintenance expense 

Operating income 

Net income  

Basic net income per common share 

Diluted net income per common share 

Dividend paid per common share 

Dividend declared per common share 

Price range of common stock: 

  - high 

  - low 

2015 

Operating revenues 

Operations and maintenance expense 

Operating income 

Net income  

Basic net income per common share 

Diluted net income per common share 

Dividend paid per common share 

Dividend declared per common share 

Price range of common stock: 

  - high 

  - low 

First 
Quarter 

Second 
Quarter 

Third 
Quarter 

Fourth 
Quarter 

  Year  

$ 

 192,607   $ 

 203,876   $ 

 226,593   $ 

 196,799   $ 

 819,875  

 73,541  

 72,331  

 51,737  

 0.29  

 0.29  

 0.178  

 0.178  

 32.44  

 28.35  

 73,994  

 83,493  

 59,626  

 0.34  

 0.33  

 0.178  

 0.178  

 35.66  

 30.31  

 79,812  

 97,799  

 73,170  

 0.41  

 0.41  

 0.1913  

 0.1913  

 35.83  

 29.53  

 77,550  

 71,962  

 49,649  

 0.28  

 0.28  

 0.1913  

 0.1913  

 31.29  

 28.03  

 304,897  

 325,585  

 234,182  

 1.32  

 1.32  

 0.7386  

 0.7386  

 35.83  

 28.03  

$ 

 190,326   $ 

 205,760   $ 

 221,051   $ 

 197,067   $ 

 814,204  

 73,189  

 71,167  

 48,545  

 0.27  

 0.27  

 0.165  

 0.165  

 28.13  

 25.42  

 79,746  

 80,246  

 57,382  

 0.32  

 0.32  

 0.165  

 0.165  

 27.53  

 24.40  

 78,519  

 95,072  

 67,429  

 0.38  

 0.38  

 0.178  

 0.178  

 27.10  

 24.45  

 77,856  

 74,615  

 28,434  

 0.16  

 0.16  

 0.178  

 0.178  

 31.09  

 26.20  

 309,310  

 321,100  

 201,790  

 1.14  

 1.14  

 0.686  

 0.686  

 31.09  

 24.40  

Fourth quarter of 2015 net income includes the Company’s share of a joint venture impairment charge of $21,433 
($32,975 pre-tax). 

High and low prices of the Company’s common stock are as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.   

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Selected Financial Data (Unaudited) 
Aqua America, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
(In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts) 

Years ended December 31, 

PER COMMON SHARE: 

Income from continuing operations: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Income from discontinued operations: 

Basic 
Diluted 
Net income: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Cash dividends declared and paid 
Return on Aqua America stockholders' equity 
Book value at year end 
Market value at year end 

INCOME STATEMENT HIGHLIGHTS: 
Operating revenues 
Depreciation and amortization 
Interest expense, net 
Income from continuing operations before income taxes (1) 
Provision for income taxes 
Income from continuing operations (1) 
Income from discontinued operations 
Net income (1) 
BALANCE SHEET HIGHLIGHTS: 

$ 

$ 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

2012 

$ 

1.32  $ 
1.32 

1.14  $ 
1.14 

 -  
 -  

 - 
 - 

1.32 
1.32 
0.74 
12.7% 
 10.43   $ 
30.04  

1.14 
1.14 
0.69 
11.7% 
 9.78   $ 
29.80  

1.21  $ 
1.20 

0.11 
0.11 

1.32 
1.31 
0.63 
14.1% 
 9.37   $ 
26.70  

1.15  $ 
1.15 

0.10 
0.10 

1.26 
1.25 
0.58 
14.4% 
 8.68   $ 
23.59  

1.04 
1.04 

0.08 
0.08 

1.13 
1.12 
0.54 
14.2% 
 7.91  
20.34  

 819,875   $ 
 133,008  
 80,594  
 255,160  
 20,978  
 234,182  
 - 
 234,182  

 814,204   $ 
128,737  
 76,536  
216,752  
14,962  
201,790  
 - 
201,790  

 779,903   $ 
126,535  
 76,397  
239,103  
25,219  
213,884  
19,355  
233,239  

 761,893   $ 
123,985  
 77,316  
224,104  
21,233  
202,871  
18,429  
221,300  

 750,685  
116,180  
 77,757  
247,057  
65,220  
181,837  
14,726  
196,563  

Total assets 
Property, plant and equipment, net 
Aqua America stockholders' equity 
Long-term debt, including current portion, excluding debt 
issuance costs (3) 
Total debt, excluding debt issuance costs (3) 

$ 

 6,158,991   $ 
 5,001,615  
 1,850,068  

5,717,873  $ 
4,688,925  
1,725,930  

5,383,243  $ 
4,401,990  
1,655,343  

5,027,430  $ 
4,138,568  
1,534,835  

4,834,165  
3,907,552  
1,385,704  

1,910,633  
1,917,168  

1,779,205  
1,795,926  

1,619,270  
1,637,668  

1,554,871  
1,591,611  

1,588,992  
1,669,375  

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: 

$ 

Operating cash flows from continuing operations 
Capital additions 
Net cash expended for acquisitions of utility systems and other 
Dividends on common stock 
Number of utility customers served (2) 
Number of shareholders of common stock  
Common shares outstanding (000)  
Employees (full-time) (2) 

 395,788   $ 
 382,996  
 9,423  
 130,923  
 972,265  
 24,750  
 177,394  
 1,551  

 370,794   $ 
364,689  
28,989  
121,248  
 957,866  
 25,269  
 176,544  
1,617  

 364,888   $ 
328,605  
14,616  
112,106  
 940,119  
25,780  
176,753  
1,617  

 365,409   $ 
307,908  
14,997  
102,889  
 928,200  
25,833  
176,751  
1,542  

 375,823  
347,098  
121,248  
93,423  
 917,986  
26,216  
175,209  
1,556  

(1)  2015 results includes Aqua America's share of a joint venture impairment charge of $21,433 ($32,975 pre-tax) 
(2)  Reflects continuing operations 
(3)  Debt issuance costs for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, and 2012 were $22,357, $23,165, 

$23,509, $24,387, and $24,352, respectively 

74 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock Price Performance 
The graph below matches Aqua America, Inc.’s cumulative 5-Year total shareholder return on common stock with 

the cumulative total returns of the S&P 500 index and the S&P MidCap 400 Utilities index. The graph tracks the 

performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each index (with the reinvestment of all dividends) 

from 12/31/2011 to 12/31/2016.

Comparison of Five Year Cumulative Total Return* 
Among Aqua America, Inc., the S&P 500 Index, and S&P MidCap 400 Utilities Index

*$100 invested on 12/31/11 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends Fiscal year ending December 31. 

Copyright© 2017 Standard & Poor’s, a division of S&P Global. All rights reserved.

Years as of December 31

2011 

2012 

2013 

2014 

2015 

2016

    Aqua America, Inc. 

100.00 

118.60 

140.85 

163.52 

187.23 

193.25

    S&P 500 Index 

100.00 

116.00 

153.58 

174.60 

177.01 

198.18

    S&P MidCap 400 Utilities Index 

100.00 

103.14 

131.73 

155.87 

150.35 

189.93

The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

75

 
Financial Reports and Investor Relations 
Copies of the company’s public financial reports, 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 

including annual reports and Forms 10–K and 10–Q, 

Two Commerce Square 

are available online and can be downloaded from 

Suite 1700 

the investor relations section of our Website at 

2001 Market Street 

AquaAmerica.com. You may also obtain these reports 

Philadelphia, PA 19103-7042

by writing to us at:

Investor Relations Department 

  Aqua America, Inc. 
  762 W. Lancaster Avenue 
  Bryn Mawr, PA 19010-3489

Corporate Governance 
We are committed to maintaining high standards of 

corporate governance and are in compliance with 
the corporate governance rules of the Securities and 

Stock Exchange 
The Common Stock of the company is listed on the 

New York Stock Exchange and under the ticker symbol 
WTR.

Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock  
Purchase Plan 
The company’s Dividend Reinvestment and Direct 

Stock Purchase Plan (“Plan”) enables shareholders 

to reinvest all, or a designated portion of, dividends 

Exchange Commission (SEC) and the New York Stock 

paid on up to 100,000 shares of Common Stock in 

Exchange. Copies of our key corporate governance 

additional shares of Common Stock at a discretionary 

documents, including our Corporate Governance 

discount from a price based on the market value of 

Guidelines, Code of Ethical Business Conduct, and the 

the stock. The discount between 0 and 5.0 percent on 

charters of each committee of our Board of Directors 

the shares purchased or issued to meet the dividend 

can be obtained from the corporate governance 

reinvestment requirement will be designated by us in 

portion of the investor relations section of our Website, 

our sole discretion prior to the purchase or issuance 

AquaAmerica.com. Amendments to the Code, and in 

of such shares. We reserve the right to change, reduce 

the event of any grant of waiver from a provision of the 

or discontinue any discount at any time without notice. 

Code requiring disclosure under applicable SEC rules 

In addition, shareholders may purchase additional 

will be disclosed on our Website.

shares of Aqua America Common Stock at any time 

with a minimum investment of $50, up to a maximum 

of $250,000 annually. Individuals may become 

shareholders by making an initial investment of at 

least $500. A Plan prospectus may be obtained by 

calling Computershare at 800.205.8314 or by visiting 

www.computershare.com/investor. Please read the 

prospectus carefully before you invest.

Annual Meeting 
8:30 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time 

Wednesday, May 3, 2017 
Drexelbrook Banquet Facility and Corporate Center 

4700 Drexelbrook Drive 

Drexel Hill, PA 19026

Transfer Agent and Registrar 
Computershare  

P.O. BOX 30170 

College Station, TX 77842 

800.205.8314 or  

www.computershare.com/investor

76

 
IRA, Roth IRA, Education IRA 
An IRA, Roth IRA or Coverdell Education Savings 

How to obtain a separate set of voting materials 
If you are a registered shareholder who shares an 

Account may be opened through the Plan to hold 

address with another registered shareholder and have 

shares of Common Stock of the company and to 

received only one Notice of Internet Availability of 

make contributions to the IRA to purchase shares of 

Proxy Materials or set of proxy material and wish to 

Common Stock. Participants in the Plan may roll over 

receive a separate copy for each shareholder in your 

an existing IRA or other qualified plan distribution 

household for the 2016 annual meeting, you may write 

in cash into an IRA under the Plan to purchase the 

or call us to request a separate copy of this material at 

company’s Common Stock. Participants may also 

no cost to you at 610.645.1196 or write us at:

transfer the company’s Common Stock from an existing 

IRA into an IRA under the Plan. A prospectus, IRA forms 

and a disclosure statement may be obtained by calling 

Computershare at 800.597.7736. Please read the 

prospectus carefully before you invest.

  Attn: Investor Relations 

  Aqua America, Inc. 

  762 W. Lancaster Avenue 

  Bryn Mawr, PA, 19010

Direct Deposit 
With direct deposit, Aqua America cash dividends are 

For future annual meetings, you may request separate 
voting material by calling Broadridge at 800.542.1061, 

or by writing to Broadridge Financial Solutions, 

deposited automatically on the dividend payment date 

Inc., Householding Department, 51 Mercedes Way, 

of each quarter. Shareholders will receive confirmation 

Edgewood, New York 11717.

Account Access 
Aqua America shareholders may access their account 

by visiting www.computershare.com/investor. 

Shareholders may view their account, purchase 

additional shares, and make changes to their account. 

To learn more, visit www.computershare.com/investor 

or call 800.205.8314.

of their deposit in the mail. Shareholders interested in 

direct deposit should call the company’s transfer agent 

at 800.205.8314.

Delivery of voting materials to shareholders sharing  
an address 
The SEC’s rules permit the Company to deliver a 

Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or a 

single set of proxy materials to one address shared 

by two or more of the Company’s shareholders.  

This is intended to reduce the printing and postage 

expense of delivering duplicate voting materials 

to our shareholders who have more than one Aqua 

America stock account.  A separate Notice of Internet 

Availability or proxy card is included for each of these 

shareholders.  If you received a Notice of Internet 

Availability you will not receive a printed copy of the 

proxy materials unless you request it by following the 

instructions in the notice for requesting printed proxy 

material.

77

Dividends 
Aqua America has paid dividends for 72 consecutive years. The normal Common Stock dividend dates for 2017 

and the first six months of 2018 are:

Declaration Date

Ex-Dividend Date

Record Date 

Payment Date

February 3, 2017

February 13, 2017

February 15, 2017

March 1, 2017

May 5, 2017

May 15, 2017

May 17, 2017

June 1, 2017

August 4, 2017

August 14, 2017

August 16, 2017

September 1, 2017

November 6, 2017

November 15, 2017

November 17, 2017

December 1, 2017

February 5, 2018

February 14, 2018

February 16, 2018

March 1, 2018

May 7, 2018

May 16, 2018

May 18, 2018

June 1, 2018

To be an owner of record, and therefore eligible to 

Escheatment is the act of reporting and transferring 

receive the quarterly dividend, shares must have been 

property to a state when the rightful owner has an 

purchased before the ex-dividend date. Owners of 

invalid address or has not made contact or initiated a 

any share(s) on or after the ex-dividend date will not 

transaction during the state’s designated dormancy 

receive the dividend for that quarter. The previous 

period. Escheated assets are transferred to the state 

owner — the owner of record — will receive the 

for safekeeping (and often liquidated) until the rightful 

dividend.

Only the Board of Directors may declare dividends and 

set record dates. Therefore, the payment of dividends 

and these dates may change at the discretion of the 

Board. 

Dividends paid on the company’s Common Stock are 

subject to Federal and State income tax.

Lost Dividend Checks, Stock Certificates and 
Escheatment 
Dividend checks lost by shareholders, or those that 

might be lost in the mail, will be replaced upon 

owner makes a claim on the asset. To keep your 

shares of stock and uncashed dividends from being 

escheated, you must maintain contact (recommended 

at least once a year) with the company’s transfer 

agent, especially if you recently changed your address, 

changed your marital status or are managing an estate 

following a death. Unclaimed property laws vary widely 

from state to state.

Safekeeping of Stock Certificates 
Under the Direct Stock Purchase Plan, shareholders 

may have their stock certificates deposited with 

the transfer agent for safekeeping free of charge. 

Stock certificates and written instructions should be 

notification of the lost or missing check. All inquiries 

forwarded to: 

concerning lost or missing dividend checks should be 

made to the company’s transfer agent at 800.205.8314. 

Shareholders should call or write the company’s 

transfer agent to report a lost certificate. Appropriate 
documentation will be prepared and sent to the 
shareholder with instructions. 

  Computershare, N.A. 
  P.O. Box 30170 
  College Station, TX 77842.

78

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Fulfilling Our Mission 
With Dedication.

Aqua America continued to fulfill its mission to protect and 

provide Earth’s most essential resource by making meaningful 

advancements in the areas of service delivery, growth 

opportunities, stakeholder education, community outreach and 

workforce diversity in 2016. 

Aqua America’s customers continued to see improvements in 

water and service reliability delivered by the company. Progressive 

legislation in Pennsylvania set the stage for additional opportunities 

for Aqua America to bring its expertise to new communities. The 

company worked cooperatively with environmental regulators to 

maintain water quality compliance, using its engineering, operations 

and technical expertise to address challenges in troubled systems. 

Aqua America continued its environmental stewardship by 

volunteering and financially supporting various activities, like 

stream cleanups, to ensure clean water for everyone. All of these 

efforts are being accomplished with a professional workforce, 

which Aqua America is continuing to develop and grow, with the 

goal of sustaining excellent quality and service, and achieving a 

level of diversity that reflects the customers we serve.

Corporate Information

Board Of Directors

Officers

Christopher H. Franklin 
President and Chief Executive Officer

Richard S. Fox 
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating 

Officer, Regulated Operations

Karen M. Heisler 
Senior Vice President and  

Chief Human Resources Officer

Christopher P. Luning 
Senior Vice President, General Counsel and 

Secretary

William C. Ross 
Senior Vice President 

Engineering and Environmental Affairs

Robert A. Rubin 
Senior Vice President  

Controller and Chief Accounting Officer

Daniel J. Schuller, PhD. 
Executive Vice President 

Corporate Development and Strategy

David P. Smeltzer 
Executive Vice President 

Chief Financial Officer

Nicholas DeBenedictis 
Non-executive Chairman and former  
Chief Executive Officer 
Aqua America, Inc.  
Director since 1992

Christopher H. Franklin 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Aqua America, Inc. 

Director since 2015

Carolyn J. Burke 
Executive Vice President, Business Operations  
and Systems 
Dynegy, Inc. 
Director since 2016

Richard H. Glanton 
Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Elected Face, Inc. 
Director since 1995

Lon R. Greenberg 
Chairman Emeritus 
UGI Corporation  
Director since 2005

William P. Hankowsky 
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer 
Liberty Property Trust 
Director since 2004 

Wendell F. Holland, Esq. 
Partner 
CFSD Group, LLC. 
Director since 2011

Ellen T. Ruff 
Partner 
McGuireWoods, LLP. 
Director since 2006

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Aqua America, Inc.

762 W. Lancaster Avenue

Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania 19010

877.987.2782

AquaAmerica.com

NYSE: WTR

2016

Annual Report

Aqua America, Inc.

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