2016
2016
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
OFFICERS
Barry Diller, Chairman
Barry Diller
Chairman and Senior Executive
Chairman and Senior Executive
Annual Meeting
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp
President and Chief Executive Officer
Chief Executive Officer
Dara Khosrowshahi
President and
Victor A. Kaufman
Vice Chairman
Mark D. Okerstrom
Chief Financial Officer and
Executive Vice President
of Operations
Robert J. Dzielak
Executive Vice President,
General Counsel and Secretary
Lance A. Soliday
Senior Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and
Controller
Dara Khosrowshahi
Expedia, Inc.
Victor A. Kaufman
Vice Chairman
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp
Susan C. Athey
Economics of Technology Professor
Stanford Graduate School of Business
A. George (Skip) Battle
Former CEO and
Executive Chairman,
Ask Jeeves, Inc.
Chelsea Clinton
Vice Chair
Clinton Foundation
Pamela L. Coe
Senior Vice President, Deputy
General Counsel and Secretary
Liberty Interactive Corporation and
Liberty Media Corporation
Jonathan L. Dolgen
Principal
Wood River Ventures, LLC
Craig A. Jacobson
Partner
Hansen, Jacobson, Teller, Hoberman,
Newman, Warren, Richman, Rush,
Kaller & Gellman, L.L.P.
Peter M. Kern
Managing Partner
InterMedia Partners VII, LP
John C. Malone
Chairman
Liberty Interactive Corporation and
Liberty Media Corporation
Scott Rudin
Film and Theatre Producer
Christopher W. Shean
Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director
Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc.
Alexander von Furstenberg
Founder and Chief Investment Officer
Ranger Global Advisors, LLC
STOCKHOLDER
INFORMATION
(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:81)(cid:88)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:72)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:70)(cid:78)(cid:75)(cid:82)(cid:79)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:85)s
will be held via audio
webcast on June 13, 2017 (cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:3)
9(cid:29)3(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:17)(cid:80)(cid:17)(cid:3)Eastern Time
Online audio webcast:
EXPE.onlineshareholdermeeting.com
Stock Market Listing
Expedia, Inc.’s common stock is
traded on the NASDAQ Global
Select Market under the symbol
“EXPE.”
Registrar and Transfer Agent
Computershare
Stockholder correspondence should
be mailed to:
Computershare
P.O. Box (cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:19)
(cid:38)(cid:82)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:74)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:87)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:59)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:19)
Overnight correspondence should
be mailed to:
Computershare
(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:52)(cid:88)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:76)(cid:85)(cid:70)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)
College Station, TX 77845
Computershare stockholder website:
www.computershare.com/investor
Computershare stockholder
online inquiries:
https://www-us.computershare.com/
Investor/Contact
Computershare
Toll Free Number 866-202-9254
Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Ernst & Young LLP
999 Third Avenue
Suite 3500
Seattle, WA 98104
Investor Inquiries
All inquiries can be directed
as follows:
(425) 679-7200
ir@expedia.com
Corporate Headquarters
333 108th Avenue N.E.
Bellevue, WA 98004
(425) 679-7200
This annual report contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking
statements reflect the views of our management regarding expectations about future events and are based on then available information. Actual results
could differ materially. The use of words such as "anticipates," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "plans" and "believes," among others, generally identify
forward-looking statements; however, these words are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. These forward-looking statements are
inherently subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Please carefully review and consider the various
disclosures made in our Annual Report on Form 10-K enclosed herein and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission that
attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may impact future results.
The logos on the front cover are service marks or trademarks of Expedia, Inc. and/or its affiliated companies.
J
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________
Form 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
For the transition period from
to
Commission file number: 001-37429
_______________________________________________
EXPEDIA, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
20-2705720
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
333 108th Avenue NE
Bellevue, WA 98004
(Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
(425) 679-7200
_______________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value
Expedia, Inc. 2.500% Senior Notes due 2022
Name of each exchange on which registered:
The Nasdaq Global Select Market
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
_______________________________________________
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities
Act. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Act. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any,
every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this
chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such
files). Yes
No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein,
and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a
smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company”
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act). Yes
No
As of June 30, 2016, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common equity held by non-affiliates was
approximately $12,722,607,000. For the purpose of the foregoing calculation only, all directors and executive officers of the
registrant are assumed to be affiliates of the registrant.
Class
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Document
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders (Proxy Statement)
Outstanding Shares at January
27, 2017 were approximately,
137,008,389 shares
12,799,999 shares
Parts Into Which Inco
rporated
Part III
Expedia, Inc.
Form 10-K
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Contents
Item 1 Business
Item 1A Risk Factors
Item 1B Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2
Properties
Item 3
Legal Proceedings
Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures
Part I
Part II
Item 5 Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
Item 6
Selected Financial Data
Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 8 Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A Controls and Procedures
Item 9B Other Information
Item 10 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Item 11 Executive Compensation
Part III
Item 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Item 14 Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Item 15 Exhibits, Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
Signatures
Part IV
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Expedia, Inc.
Form 10-K
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Part I. Item 1. Business
We refer to Expedia, Inc. and its subsidiaries collectively as “Expedia,” the “Company,” “us,” “we” and “our” in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements reflect the views of our management regarding current
expectations and projections about future events and are based on currently available information. Actual results could differ
materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, those
discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” as well as those discussed elsewhere in this report. Other unknown or
unpredictable factors also could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The use of words such as
“anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans” and “believes,” among others, generally identify forward-looking
statements; however, these words are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. In addition, any statements that
refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are inherently subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to
predict. We are not under any obligation and do not intend to publicly update or review any of these forward-looking
statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, even if experience or future events make it clear
that any expected results expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements will not be realized. Please carefully review
and consider the various disclosures made in this report and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”) that attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, prospects
and results of operations.
Management Overview
General Description of our Business
Expedia, Inc. is an online travel company, empowering business and leisure travelers through technology with the tools
and information they need to efficiently research, plan, book and experience travel. We seek to grow our business through a
dynamic portfolio of travel brands, including our majority-owned subsidiaries that feature the world’s broadest supply portfolio
— including more than 350,000 properties and over 1.2 million online bookable vacation rental listings in 200 countries, over
500 airlines, packages, rental cars, cruises, as well as destination services and activities. Travel suppliers distribute and market
products via our desktop and mobile offerings, as well as through alternative distribution channels including social media, our
private label business and our call centers in order to reach our extensive, global audience. In addition, our advertising and
media businesses help other businesses, primarily travel providers, reach a large audience of travelers around the globe.
Our portfolio of brands includes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Expedia.com®, a leading full service online travel company with localized sites in 33 countries;
Hotels.com®, a global lodging expert operating 89 localized websites in 39 languages with its award winning Hotels.com®
Rewards loyalty program;
Orbitz Worldwide, including leading U.S. travel websites Orbitz.com and CheapTickets.com, as well as ebookers, a full
service travel brand with websites in seven European countries;
Expedia® Affiliate Network ("EAN"), a global B2B brand that powers the hotel business of leading airlines, top consumer
brands, online travel agencies and thousands of other partners through its API and template solutions;
trivago®, a leading online hotel metasearch platform with sites in 55 countries worldwide;
HomeAway®, a global online marketplace for the vacation rental industry, which also includes the VRBO,
VacationRentals.com and BedandBreakfast.com brands, among others;
Egencia®, a leading corporate travel management company;
Travelocity®, a leading online travel brand in the U.S. and Canada delivering customer service when and where our
customers need it with the Customer 1st Guarantee;
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•
•
Hotwire®, inspiring spontaneous travel through Hot Rate® deals;
Expedia® Media Solutions, the advertising sales division of Expedia, Inc. that builds media partnerships and enables
brand advertisers to target a highly-qualified audience of travel consumers;
• Wotif Group, a leading portfolio of travel brands including Wotif.com®, Wotif.co.nz, lastminute.com.au®,
lastminute.co.nz and travel.com.au®;
•
•
•
•
Classic Vacations®, a top luxury travel specialist;
CarRentals.com™, a premier online car rental booking company with localized sites in 13 countries;
Expedia Local Expert®, a provider of online and in-market concierge services, activities, experiences and ground
transportation in over a thousand destinations worldwide; and
Expedia® CruiseShipCenters®, a provider of exceptional value and expert advice for travelers booking cruises and
vacations through its network of over 230 retail travel agency franchises across North America.
Summary of the Spin-Off from IAC/InterActiveCorp
On August 9, 2005, IAC/InterActiveCorp (“IAC”) completed the spin-off of substantially all of its travel and travel-
related businesses by way of the distribution of all outstanding shares of Expedia, Inc., a newly-formed Delaware corporation,
to IAC stockholders. Upon completion of the spin-off from IAC, Expedia shares began trading on The Nasdaq Global Select
Market under the symbol “EXPE.”
Summary of the Spin-Off of TripAdvisor, Inc.
On December 20, 2011, following the close of trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market, Expedia completed the spin-off of
TripAdvisor, Inc. (“TripAdvisor”), a Delaware corporation, to Expedia stockholders. TripAdvisor consists of the domestic and
international operations previously associated with Expedia’s TripAdvisor Media Group and is now a separately traded public
company, trading under the symbol “TRIP” on The Nasdaq Global Select Market. Expedia continues to own and operate our
remaining businesses — the domestic and international operations of our travel transaction brands — as a separately traded
public company, trading under the symbol “EXPE” on The Nasdaq Global Select Market.
Equity Ownership and Voting Control
As of December 31, 2016, there were 137,232,450 shares of Expedia common stock and 12,799,999 shares of Expedia
Class B common stock outstanding. Expedia stockholders are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock and ten votes
for each share of Class B common stock outstanding. As of December 31, 2016, Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc. (“Liberty
Expedia Holdings”), through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, held approximately 8% of Expedia’s outstanding common stock
and 100% of Expedia’s outstanding Class B common stock (or, assuming conversion of all shares of Class B common stock
into shares of common stock, held 16% of Expedia’s outstanding common stock). Barry Diller, Chairman and Senior Executive
of Expedia holds an irrevocable proxy granted by Liberty Expedia Holdings, pursuant to which Mr. Diller has the right to vote
the Expedia securities held by Liberty Expedia Holdings and its subsidiaries (the “Diller Proxy”), which proxy has been
assigned by Mr. Diller to Liberty Expedia Holdings until the earlier of May 4, 2018 or the occurrence of certain termination
events. As of December 31, 2016, as a result of their agreements and respective holdings in Expedia, Mr. Diller and Liberty
Expedia Holdings may be deemed to share voting power over securities representing approximately 54% of the combined
voting power of the outstanding Expedia capital stock.
By virtue of the voting power of an irrevocable proxy granted to Mr. Diller by John C. Malone and Leslie Malone over
their shares in Liberty Expedia Holdings and the governance arrangements at Liberty Expedia Holdings, during the period the
assignment of the Diller Proxy and the proxy granted him by the Malones are in effect, Mr. Diller is effectively able to control
the outcome of nearly all matters submitted to a vote or for the consent of Expedia’s stockholders (other than with respect to the
election by the Expedia common stockholders of 25% of the members of Expedia’s Board of Directors and certain matters as to
which a separate class vote of the holders of Expedia common stock or Expedia preferred stock is required under Delaware
law). Upon the termination or expiration of the assignment of the Diller Proxy (unless the Diller Proxy itself has terminated),
Mr. Diller will continue to be able to control the outcome of such matters. In addition, pursuant to the Amended and Restated
Governance Agreement, dated as of December 20, 2011, as amended, among Expedia, Liberty Expedia Holdings and
Mr. Diller, each of Mr. Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings generally has the right to consent to certain significant corporate
actions in the event that Expedia or any of its subsidiaries incurs any new obligations for borrowed money within the definition
of “total debt” set forth in the Governance Agreement for as long as Expedia’s ratio of total debt to EBITDA, as defined
therein, equals or exceeds eight to one.
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Market Opportunity & Business Strategy
Expedia is the world’s largest online travel company, yet our gross bookings represent only about 6% of total worldwide
travel spending. Phocuswright estimates global travel spending at approximately $1.3 trillion in 2016, with an increasing share
booked through online channels each year. We have built, and continue to build, a broad and deep supply portfolio which today
includes more than 350,000 properties, over 500 airlines and numerous car rental companies, cruise companies and other travel
suppliers, as well as more than 1.2 million online bookable vacation rental properties.
We are focused on revolutionizing travel through the power of technology. We believe the strength of our brand portfolio
as well as our enhanced product offerings and new channel penetration drives customer demand, which when combined with
our global scale and broad based supply, give us a unique advantage in addressing the ongoing migration of travel bookings
from offline to online around the world. With our unmatched global audience of travelers, and our deep and broad selection of
travel products, there is a rich interplay between supply and demand in our global marketplace that helps us provide value to
both travelers planning trips and supply partners wanting to grow their business through a better understanding of travel
retailing and consumer demand in addition to reaching consumers in markets beyond their reach. Our primary growth drivers
are technology and product innovation, global expansion, and new channel penetration.
Portfolio of Brands
Expedia operates a strong brand portfolio with global reach, targeting a broad range of travelers, travel suppliers and
advertisers. We know that consumers typically visit multiple travel sites prior to booking travel, and having a multi-brand
strategy increases the likelihood that those consumers will visit one or more of our sites. We also market to consumers through
a variety of channels, including internet search and metasearch sites, and having multiple brands appear in search results also
increases the likelihood of attracting visitors. Our brands tailor their product offerings and websites to particular traveler
demographics. For example, Hotwire finds deep discount deals for the budget-minded travel shopper while our Classic
Vacations brand targets high-end, luxury travelers. Brand Expedia spans the widest swath of potential customers with travel
options across a broad value spectrum, while our Hotels.com brand focuses specifically on a hotel only product offering.
We organize our company around key platforms. Brand Expedia Group consists of our multi-product brands, including
Brand Expedia, Orbitz, Travelocity, Wotif Group and Expedia Local Expert. In addition, our Hotwire brand also offers
consumers reservations for hotels, airline tickets and rental cars.
Brand Expedia. A leading full-service online travel brand with localized sites in 33 countries offering a wide selection of
travel products and services. Through award-winning mobile apps and Expedia-branded websites, travelers have access to the
latest technology that delivers airline tickets, lodging, car rentals, rail, cruises, insurance and many things to do - such as airport
transfers, activities and tours - from hundreds of thousands of suppliers, on both a standalone and package basis. Across the
more than 20 years that Expedia has been helping people travel with confidence and ease, the company has learned that
travelers benefit when Expedia continually improves and optimizes its offering, to ensure that travelers the world over can book
the trip they need, in the manner they choose, at any point and save. That commitment has propelled Expedia to a leadership
position within travel, and ensures that Expedia can continue to help millions of travelers experience the world.
Orbitz. In September 2015, we acquired Orbitz Worldwide, Inc., including all of its brands and assets. Orbitz Worldwide
is a travel portfolio including Orbitz.com, CheapTickets.com and ebookers.
Travelocity. After entering into an exclusive, long-term strategic marketing agreement with Travelocity during the third
quarter of 2013, under which Brand Expedia powered the technology platform, supply and customer service for Travelocity’s
existing websites in the United States and Canada, we announced in January 2015 that we had acquired the Travelocity brand
and associated assets from Sabre Corporation (“Sabre”) and had terminated the strategic marketing and other related
agreements. A pioneer in the online travel industry, Travelocity celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2016. Travelocity and its
famous Roaming Gnome encourage travelers in the United States and Canada to “Wander Wisely™”.
Wotif Group. In November 2014, we completed the acquisition of Wotif Group, a leading Australian online travel
company, comprised of the Wotif.com, lastminute.com.au and travel.com.au brands in Australia, and Wotif.co.nz and
lastminute.co.nz in New Zealand. Wotif.com launched in 2000, and was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in June
2006 as Wotif.com Holdings Limited, under the ASX code “WTF,” prior to being acquired by Expedia.
Expedia Local Expert. Our Expedia Local Expert network offers online and in-market concierge services, activities,
experiences, attractions and ground transportation. With access to a rich portfolio of over 25,000 tours and adventures, LX can
be found on more than 60 Expedia, Inc. websites, and operates more than 100 concierge and activity desks in major resort
destinations.
3
Hotwire. Hotwire offers a travel booking service that matches flexible, value-oriented travelers with suppliers who have
excess seats, rooms and cars they offer at lower rates than retail. Hotwire’s Hot Rate® Hotels, Hot Rate® Cars and Hot Rate®
Flights offer travelers an extra low price as the supplier name is not revealed until after the traveler books and pays. With
Hotwire’s unique model, suppliers create value from excess availability without diluting their core, brand-loyal traveler base.
Hotwire partners with leading hotel companies worldwide, brand-name domestic and international airlines, and major car rental
companies in the United States.
Our hotel-only platform includes Hotels.com Worldwide and Expedia Affiliate Network.
Hotels.com Worldwide. Hotels.com is focused entirely on marketing and distributing lodging accommodations.
Hotels.com, with 89 localized sites worldwide in 39 languages worldwide and market leading mobile apps on all major
platforms, offers travelers a broad selection of lodging options. Because of its single product offering, Hotels.com is often our
first entry point into a region allowing us to evaluate the market opportunity prior to adding additional brands and product
offerings. Hotels.com Rewards®, the loyalty program established in 2008, offers travelers the ability to earn one free night for
every ten nights stayed.
Expedia Affiliate Network. EAN is the purely partner-focused arm of Expedia, Inc. EAN partners with businesses across a
wide range of verticals including loyalty programs, airlines, travel agents and online retailers who remarket EAN’s
accommodation rates and availabilities to their travelers. Partners can access EAN accommodations in the way that best suits
their business, whether that is a fully customizable environment through EAN’s API or an ‘off-the-shelf,’ white-label or co-
branded template solution offering.
Egencia. Our full-service travel management company offers travel products and services to businesses and their
corporate travelers. Egencia maintains a global presence in more than 65 countries across North America, Europe and Asia
Pacific. Egencia provides, among other things, a global technology platform coupled with local telephone assistance with
expert travel consultants, unique supply targeted at business travelers, and consolidated reporting for its clients. Egencia
charges its corporate clients account management fees, as well as transactional fees for various contacts made as part of the
travel process. In addition, Egencia provides on-site agents to some corporate clients to provide in-house, seamless support.
Egencia also offers consulting and meeting management services as well as advertising opportunities. We believe the corporate
travel sector represents a significant opportunity for Expedia through Egencia’s compelling technology solution for businesses
seeking to improve employees’ travel experiences and optimize travel costs by moving the focus of the corporate travel
program to online and mobile services versus the traditional call center approach.
HomeAway. In December 2015, we acquired HomeAway, which operates an online marketplace for the vacation rental
industry. The HomeAway portfolio includes the vacation rental websites HomeAway.com, VRBO.com and
VacationRentals.com in the United States; HomeAway.co.uk and OwnersDirect.co.uk in the United Kingdom; HomeAway.de in
Germany; Abritel.fr and Homelidays.com in France; HomeAway.es and Toprural.es in Spain; AlugueTemporada.com.br in
Brazil; HomeAway.com.au and Stayz.com.au in Australia; Bookabach.co.nz in New Zealand; and in Asia, HomeAway.asia.
HomeAway also operates BedandBreakfast.com, a comprehensive global site for finding bed-and-breakfast properties. In
addition to its online marketplace, HomeAway also offers software solutions to property managers through its HomeAway
Software for Professionals and Glad to Have You products.
trivago. trivago is our majority-owned hotel metasearch company, based in Dusseldorf, Germany, featuring price
comparison from approximately 1.3 million hotels in over 190 countries. Officially launched in 2005, trivago is one of the best
known brands globally for searching for hotels online and can be accessed worldwide via 55 localized websites and apps in 33
languages. Subsequent to its initial public offering ("IPO") in December 2016, the company is listed on the Nasdaq Global
Select Market and trades under the symbol "TRVG."
Classic Vacations. Classic Vacations offers individually tailored vacations primarily through a national network of third-
party retail travel agents. Classic delivers a full line of premium vacation packages — air, hotels, car rentals, activities, cruises
and private transportation — to create customized luxury vacations in Hawaii, the Caribbean, Mexico, Costa Rica, Europe,
Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Maldives, Dubai, Seychelles and Tahiti. Travel agents and travelers can preview our product
offering through our website www.classicvacations.com.
Expedia CruiseShipCenters. Expedia CruiseShipCenters is a leading seller of cruises and vacations. The franchise
company has over 230 retail locations across North America, a team of over 4,500 professionally-trained vacation consultants
and an inventory of more than 200,000 staterooms available to book online or in store.
CarRentals.com. CarRentals.com is an online car rental marketing and retail firm offering a diverse selection of car
rentals direct to consumers. Following our July 2014 acquisition of Auto Escape Group, one of Europe’s leading online car
rental reservation companies, the Auto Escape Group joined with the CarRentals.com brand. With CarRentals.com’s
4
international expansion, it is able to provide our customers more choices across the globe and help our supply partners expand
their marketing reach.
Growth Strategy
Product Innovation. Each of our leading brands was a pioneer in online travel and has been responsible for driving key
innovations in the space over the past two decades. Each Expedia technology platform is operated by a dedicated technology
team, which drives innovations that make researching and shopping for travel increasingly easier and help customers find and
book the best possible travel options. In the past several years, we made key investments in technology, including significant
development of our technical platforms that makes it possible for us to deliver innovations at a faster pace. For example, we
launched new global platforms for Hotels.com and Brand Expedia, enabling us to significantly increase the innovation cycle,
thereby improving conversion and driving faster growth rates for those brands. In 2013, Expedia signed an agreement to power
the technology, supply and customer service platforms for Travelocity-branded sites in the United States and Canada, enabling
Expedia to leverage its investments in each of these key areas. The shift of Travelocity-branded sites to the Expedia technology
platform was successfully completed over the course of 2014. In November 2014, Expedia completed the acquisition of Wotif
Group and subsequently converted the Wotif.com site to the Expedia platform. In January 2015, we acquired the Travelocity
brand and other associated assets from Sabre. The strategic marketing and other related agreements previously entered into
were terminated. In September 2015, Expedia completed the acquisition of Orbitz Worldwide, including all of its brands. The
migration of the Orbitz.com, CheapTickets.com and ebookers sites to the Expedia technology platform was completed in the
first half of 2016, and Orbitz for Business customers were migrated to the Egencia technology platform as of July 2016. In
December 2015, Expedia completed the acquisition of HomeAway, Inc., including all of its brands. We intend to continue
leveraging these investments when launching additional points of sale in new countries, introducing new website features,
adding supplier products and services including new business model offerings, as well as proprietary and user-generated
content for travelers.
Global Expansion. Our Expedia, Hotels.com, Egencia, and EAN brands operate both domestically and through
international points of sale, including in Europe, Asia Pacific, Canada and Latin America. In addition, ebookers offers multi-
product online reservation in Europe and Wotif Group includes a leading portfolio of travel brands, including Wotif.com,
Wotif.co.nz, lastminute.com.au, lastminute.com.nz and travel.com.au. Egencia, our corporate travel business, operates in over
65 countries around the world and continues to expand, including its 2012 acquisition of VIA Travel. The HomeAway portfolio
has over 50 vacation rental sites all around the world. We own a majority share of trivago, a leading hotel metasearch company.
Officially launched in 2005, trivago is one of the best known travel brands in Europe and North America. trivago continues to
operate independently and rapidly grow revenue through global expansion, including aggressive expansion in new countries. In
addition, we have commercial agreements in place with Ctrip and eLong in China, as well as Decolar.com, Inc. in Latin
America. In 2016, approximately 36% of our worldwide gross bookings and 43% of worldwide revenue were through
international points of sale compared to just 21% for both worldwide gross bookings and revenue in 2005. We have a goal of
generating at least 65% of our revenue through businesses and points of sale outside of the United States.
In July 2014, we completed the acquisition of Auto Escape Group, one of Europe’s leading online car rental reservation
companies. Auto Escape Group has joined with the CarRentals.com brand, allowing it to expand internationally to provide our
customers more choices across the globe and help our supply partners expand their marketing reach.
In November 2014, we completed the acquisition of Wotif Group, an Australian online travel company. Wotif Group adds
to our collection of travel’s most trusted brands and enhances our supply in the Asia-Pacific region, while allowing Expedia to
expose the Wotif Group to our world-class technology and its customers to our extensive global supply.
In January 2015, we acquired the Travelocity brand and other associated assets from Sabre. As a result of the acquisition,
the strategic marketing agreement previously entered into during 2013, which joined Travelocity’s strong brand with our best-
in-class booking platform, supply base and customer service, was terminated. Evolving this relationship strengthens Expedia,
Inc.’s ability to continue to innovate and deliver the best travel experiences to the widest set of travelers, all over the world.
In March 2015, we completed the acquisition of an additional 25% equity interest of AAE Travel Pte. Ltd., the joint
venture formed between Expedia and AirAsia Berhad in 2011. This investment increased our total ownership in the venture to
75% and we consider this business to be a key part of our Asia Pacific strategy. Following the close of the transaction in March
2015, the financial results of the AirAsia Expedia venture are included in Expedia’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2015, Expedia and Decolar.com, Inc., the Latin American online travel company that operates the Decolar.com
and Despegar.com branded websites, announced that the two companies have expanded their partnership to include deeper
cooperation on hotel supply and a minority equity investment by Expedia. Building on the commercial relationship the two
companies have had since 2002, the expanded agreement broadens Expedia’s powering of Decolar’s hotel supply and
introduces the opportunity for Decolar to provide Expedia access to its hotel supply in Latin America. The customers of both
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companies will benefit from the broad, shared selection of hotels, and hotel partners will gain increased access to travelers in
Latin America and around the world.
In September 2015, we completed the acquisition of Orbitz Worldwide, a leading global portfolio of travel brands and
business-to-business offerings. The addition of Orbitz Worldwide brings Expedia an attractive set of well-recognized brands
built by a talented team that is passionate about travel.
In December 2015, we completed the acquisition of HomeAway, which operates an online marketplace for the vacation
rental industry, with sites representing over one million online bookable listings of vacation rental homes in over 190 countries.
With Expedia’s expertise in powering global transactional platforms and our industry-leading technology capabilities, we are
partnering with our HomeAway brand to accelerate their shift from a classified marketplace to an online, transactional model to
create even better experiences for HomeAway’s global traveler audience and the owners and managers of its properties around
the world.
In expanding our global reach, we leverage significant investments in technology, operations, brand building, supplier
relationships and other initiatives that we have made since the launch of Expedia.com in 1996. Our scale of operations
enhances the value of technology innovations we introduce on behalf of our travelers and suppliers. We believe that our size
and scale afford the company the ability to negotiate competitive rates with our supply partners, provide breadth of choice and
travel deals to our traveling customers through an expanding supply portfolio and create opportunities for new value added
offers for our customers such as our loyalty programs. The size of Expedia’s worldwide traveler base makes our sites an
increasingly appealing channel for travel suppliers to reach customers. In addition, the sheer size of our user base and search
query volume allows us to test new technologies very quickly in order to determine which innovations are most likely to
improve the travel research and booking process, and then roll those features out to our worldwide audience in order to drive
improvements in conversion.
New Channel Penetration. Technological innovations and developments continue to create new opportunities for travel
bookings made through mobile devices, in addition to more traditional methods like desktop and laptop computers. In the past
few years, each of our brands made significant progress creating new mobile websites and mobile applications that are
receiving strong reviews and solid download trends, and some of our brands now see more traffic via mobile devices than via
traditional desktops. Mobile bookings via smartphones continue to present an opportunity for incremental growth as they are
often completed within one or two days of the travel or stay, which is a much shorter booking window than we had historically
experienced via more traditional online booking methods. In addition, we are seeing increasing cross-device usage among our
customers, who connect to our websites and apps across multiple devices and platforms throughout their travel planning
process. We also believe mobile represents an efficient marketing channel given the opportunity for direct traffic acquisition,
increase in share of wallet and in repeat customers, particularly through mobile applications. During the year ended
December 31, 2016, nearly one in three Expedia, Inc. transactions were booked globally on a mobile device.
Business Models
We make travel products and services available both on a stand-alone and package basis, primarily through the following
business models: the merchant model, the agency model and the advertising model. In addition, upon our acquisition of
HomeAway in December 2015, we also earn revenue related to subscription-based vacation rental listing and other ancillary
services provided to property owners and managers as well as from the traveler service fee that was rolled out in the United
States and Europe in the first half of 2016.
Under the merchant model, we facilitate the booking of hotel rooms, airline seats, car rentals and destination services
from our travel suppliers and we are the merchant of record for such bookings. The majority of our merchant transactions relate
to hotel bookings. Under the agency model, we facilitate travel bookings and act as the agent in the transaction, passing
reservations booked by the traveler to the relevant travel provider. We receive commissions or ticketing fees from the travel
supplier and/or traveler.
We continue to see closer integration of the agency hotel product with our core merchant product through our Expedia
Traveler Preference (ETP) program by offering, for participating hotels, customers the choice of whether to pay Expedia in
advance under our merchant program (Expedia Collect) or pay at the hotel at the time of the stay (Hotel Collect). Growth in our
ETP program has generally resulted in reduced negotiated economics to compensate for hotel supply partners absorbing
expenses such as credit card fees and customer service costs, and as we continue to expand the breadth and depth of our global
hotel offering, we have made and expect to continue to make adjustments to our economics in various geographies including
changes based on local market conditions. Based on these dynamics, we expect our revenue per room night to remain under
pressure in the future.
Through various of our Expedia-branded and other websites, travelers can dynamically assemble multiple component
travel packages in a single transaction at a lower price as compared to booking each component separately. Packages assembled
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by travelers through the packaging model on these websites primarily include a merchant hotel component and an air or car
component. Travelers select packages based on the total package price, without being provided component pricing. The use of
the merchant travel components in packages enables us to make certain travel products available at prices lower than those
charged on an individual component basis by travel suppliers without impacting their other models. In addition, we also offer
third-party pre-assembled package offerings, primarily through our international points of sale, further broadening our scope of
products and services to travelers. We expect the package product to continue to be marketed primarily using the merchant
model.
Under the advertising model, we offer travel and non-travel advertisers access to a potential source of incremental traffic
and transactions through our various media and advertising offerings on trivago and our transaction-based websites.
With our acquisition of HomeAway and all of its brands in December 2015, we have expanded into the fast growing $100
billion alternative accommodations market. HomeAway is a leader in this market and represents an attractive growth
opportunity for Expedia. HomeAway has been undergoing a transition from a listings-based classified advertising model to an
online transactional model that optimizes for both travelers and homeowner and property manager partners, with a goal of
increasing monetization and driving growth through investments in marketing as well as in product and technology. In addition,
HomeAway rolled out a traveler service fee in the United States and Europe during the first half of 2016, consistent with
market practice. The fee is expected to continue to contribute to HomeAway’s revenue growth and help fund marketing
investment, programs to better protect travelers and future growth initiatives. Furthermore, HomeAway moved to a single
subscription option globally in July 2016.
Relationships with Travel Partners
Overview. We make travel products and services available from a variety of hotel companies, large and small commercial
airlines, car rental companies, cruise lines, destination service providers and HomeAway property owners and managers. We
seek to build and maintain long-term, strategic relationships with travel suppliers and global distribution system (“GDS”)
partners. An important component of the success of our business depends on our ability to maintain our existing, as well as
build new, relationships with travel suppliers and GDS partners.
Travel Suppliers. We strive to deliver value to our travel supply partners through a wide range of innovative, targeted
merchandising and promotional strategies designed to generate consumer demand and increase their revenue, while
simultaneously reducing their overall marketing transaction and customer service costs. Our strategic account managers and
local hotel market managers work directly with travel suppliers to optimize the exposure of their travel products and brands
through our points of sale, including participation in need-based, seasonal and event-driven promotions and experimentation
within the new channels we are building.
We have developed proprietary, supplier-oriented technology that streamlines the interaction between some of our
websites and hotel central reservation systems, making it easier and more cost-effective for hotels to manage reservations made
through our brands. Through this “direct connect” technology, hotels can upload information about available products and
services and rates directly from their central reservation systems into our websites, as well as automatically confirm hotel
reservations made by our travelers. In the absence of direct connect technology, both of these processes are generally completed
via a proprietary extranet.
In addition, HomeAway’s vacation rental listing services includes a set of tools for property owners or managers, which
enables them to manage an availability calendar, reservations, inquiries and the content of the listing, as well as provide various
other services for property owners or managers to manage reservations or drive incremental sales volume.
Distribution Partners. GDSs, also referred to as computer reservation services, provide a centralized, comprehensive
repository of travel suppliers’ ‘content’ — such as availability and pricing of seats on various airline point-to-point flights, or
‘segments.’ The GDSs act as intermediaries between the travel suppliers and travel agencies, allowing agents to reserve and
book flights, rooms or other travel products. Our relationships with GDSs primarily relate to our air business. We use Sabre,
Amadeus and Travelport as our GDS segment providers in order to ensure the widest possible supply of content for our
travelers.
Marketing and Promotions
Our marketing programs are intended to build and maintain the value of our various brands, drive traffic and ultimately
bookings through our various brands and businesses, optimize ongoing traveler acquisition costs and strategically position our
brands in relation to one another. Our long-term success and profitability depends on our continued ability to maintain and
increase the overall number of traveler transactions flowing through our brand and shared global platforms in a cost-effective
manner, as well as our ability to attract repeat customers to our sites.
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Our marketing channels primarily include online advertising, including search engine marketing and optimization as well
as metasearch, social media sites, offline advertising, loyalty programs, mobile apps and direct and/or personalized traveler
communications on our websites as well as through direct e-mail communication with our travelers. Our marketing programs
and initiatives include promotional offers such as coupons as well as seasonal or periodic special offers from our travel
suppliers based on our supplier relationships. Our traveler loyalty programs include Hotels.com Rewards on Hotels.com global
websites and Expedia®+ rewards on over 30 Brand Expedia points of sale, as well as Orbitz Rewards on Orbitz.com. The cost
of these loyalty programs is recorded as a reduction of revenue in our consolidated financial statements.
We also make use of affiliate marketing. The Expedia.com, Hotels.com, Hotwire, Travelocity, HomeAway, Wotif and
lastminute.com.au branded websites receive bookings from consumers who have clicked-through to the respective websites
through links posted on affiliate partner websites. Affiliate partners can also make travel products and services available on
their own websites through a Brand Expedia, Hotels.com or HomeAway co-branded offering or a private label website. Our
EAN business provides our affiliates with technology and access to a wide range of products and services. We manage
agreements with thousands of third-party affiliate partners, including a number of leading travel companies, pursuant to which
we pay a commission for bookings originated from their websites.
Operations and Technology
We operate several technology platforms that support our brands. The Brand Expedia technology platform supports our
full-service and multi-product brands, including Brand Expedia, Orbitz, Travelocity, Wotif Group and Expedia Local Expert, as
well as certain parts of the Hotwire brand. The Hotels.com technology platform supports our hotel-only offering, including
Hotels.com Worldwide and EAN. In addition, we operate Egencia, our corporate travel platform; HomeAway, our vacation
rentals platform; and trivago, the hotel-only metasearch platform.
All of our brands share and benefit from our corporate technology infrastructure, including customer support, data centers
and transaction processing capabilities.
We provide 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week traveler sales and support by telephone or via e-mail. For purposes of
operational flexibility, we use a combination of outsourced and in-house call centers. Our call centers are located throughout
the world, including outsourced operations in the Philippines, El Salvador, Egypt and India. We invested significantly in our
call center technologies, with the goal of improving customer experience and increasing the efficiency of our call center agents,
and have plans to continue reaping the benefits of these investments going forward.
Our systems infrastructure and web and database servers are housed in various locations, mainly in the United States,
which have 24-hour monitoring and engineering support, as well as in the public cloud. These data centers have their own
generators and multiple back-up systems. Significant amounts of our owned computer hardware for operating the websites are
located at these facilities. For some critical systems, we have both production and disaster-recovery facilities. Our technology
systems are subject to certain risks, which are described below in Part I, Item 1A — Risk Factors.
Competition
Our brands compete in rapidly evolving and intensely competitive markets. We believe international markets represent
especially large opportunities for Expedia and those of our competitors that wish to expand their brands and businesses abroad
to achieve global scale. We also believe that Expedia is one of only a few companies that are focused on building a truly global,
travel marketplace.
Our competition, which is strong and increasing, includes online and offline travel companies that target leisure and
corporate travelers, including travel agencies, tour operators, travel supplier direct websites and their call centers, consolidators
and wholesalers of travel products and services, large online portals and search websites, certain travel metasearch websites,
mobile travel applications, social media websites, as well as traditional consumer eCommerce and group buying websites. We
face these competitors in local, regional, national and/or international markets. In some cases, competitors are offering more
favorable terms and improved interfaces to suppliers and travelers which make competition increasingly difficult. We also face
competition for customer traffic on internet search engines and metasearch websites, which impacts our customer acquisition
and marketing costs.
We believe that maintaining and enhancing our brands is a critical component of our effort to compete. We differentiate
our brands from our competitors primarily based on the multiple channels we use to generate demand, quality and breadth of
travel products, channel features and usability, price or promotional offers, traveler service and quality of travel planning
content and advice as well as offline brand efforts. The emphasis on one or more of these factors varies, depending on the brand
or business and the related target demographic. Our brands face increasing competition from travel supplier direct websites. In
some cases, supplier direct channels offer advantages to travelers, such as long standing loyalty programs, complimentary
services such as Wi-Fi, and better pricing. Our websites feature travel products and services from numerous travel suppliers,
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and allow travelers to combine products and services from multiple providers in one transaction. We face competition from
airlines, hotels, alternative accommodation sites, rental car companies, cruise operators and other travel service providers,
whether working individually or collectively, some of which are suppliers to our websites. Our business is generally sensitive
to changes in the competitive landscape, including the emergence of new competitors or business models, and supplier
consolidation.
Intellectual Property Rights
Our intellectual property rights, including our patents, trademarks, copyright, domain names, trade dress, proprietary
technology, and trade secrets, are an important component of our business. For example, we rely heavily upon our intellectual
property and proprietary information in our content, brands, software code, proprietary technology, ratings indexes,
informational databases, images, graphics and other components that make up our services. We have acquired some of our
intellectual property rights and proprietary information through acquisitions, as well as licenses and content agreements with
third parties.
We protect our intellectual property and proprietary information by relying on our terms of use, confidentiality
procedures and contractual provisions, as well as international, national, state and common law rights. In addition, we enter into
confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with employees and contractors, and license and confidentiality
agreements with other third parties. Despite these precautions, it may be possible for a third party to copy or otherwise obtain
and use our trade secrets or our intellectual property and proprietary information without authorization which, if discovered,
might require the uncertainty of legal action to correct. In addition, there can be no assurance that others will not independently
and lawfully develop substantially similar properties.
We maintain our trademark portfolio by filing trademark applications with the appropriate international trademark
offices, maintaining appropriate registrations, securing contractual trademark rights when appropriate, and relying on common
law trademark rights when appropriate. We also register copyrights and domain names as we deem appropriate. We protect our
trademarks, copyrights and domain names with an enforcement program and use of intellectual property licenses. Trademark
and intellectual property protection may not be available or may not be sought, sufficient or effective in every jurisdiction
where we operate. Contractual disputes or limitations may affect the use of trademarks and domain names governed by private
contract.
We have considered, and will continue to consider, the appropriateness of filing for patents to protect future inventions, as
circumstances may warrant. However, patents protect only specific inventions and there can be no assurance that others may
not create new products or methods that achieve similar results without infringing upon patents owned by us.
From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of our business, including
claims of alleged infringement or infringement by us of the trademarks, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property
rights of third parties. In addition, litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, protect
our trade secrets or determine the validity and scope of proprietary rights claimed by others. Any such litigation, regardless of
outcome or merit, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management and technical resources, any of which could
materially harm our business.
Regulation
We must comply with laws and regulations relating to the travel industry, the vacation rental industry and the provision of
travel services, including registration in various states as “sellers of travel” and compliance with certain disclosure
requirements and participation in state restitution funds In addition, our businesses are subject to regulation by the
U.S. Department of Transportation and must comply with various rules and regulations governing the provision of air
transportation, including those relating to advertising and accessibility.
As we continue to expand the reach of our brands into the European, Asia-Pacific and other international markets, we are
increasingly subject to laws and regulations applicable to travel agents or tour operators in those markets, including, in some
countries, pricing display requirements, licensing and registration requirements, mandatory bonding and travel indemnity fund
contributions, industry specific value-added tax regimes and laws regulating the provision of travel packages. For example, the
European Economic Community Council Directive on Package Travel, Package Holidays and Package Tours imposes various
obligations upon marketers of travel packages, such as disclosure obligations to consumers and liability to consumers for
improper performance of the package, including supplier failure.
Additionally, we are subject to consumer protection, privacy and consumer data, labor, economic and trade sanction
programs, tax, and anti-trust and competition laws and regulations around the world that are not specific to the travel industry.
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Some of these laws and regulations have not historically been applied in the context of online travel companies, so there can be
uncertainty regarding how these requirements relate to our various business models.
Financial Information about Segments and Geographic Areas
We generate our revenue through a diverse customer base, and there is no reliance on a single customer or small group of
customers; no customer represented 10% or more of our total revenue in the periods presented in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
We have four reportable segments: Core Online Travel Companies ("Core OTA"), trivago, Egencia and HomeAway upon
its acquisition in December 2015. In addition, eLong was a reportable segment through its disposal on May 22, 2015. The
segment and geographic information required herein is contained in NOTE 19 — Segment Information, in the notes to our
consolidated financial statements.
Additional Information
Company Website and Public Filings. We maintain a corporate website at www.expediainc.com. Except as explicitly
noted, the information on our website, as well as the websites of our various brands and businesses, is not incorporated by
reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or in any other filings with, or in any information furnished or submitted to, the
SEC.
We make available, free of charge through our website, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on
Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a)
or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after they have been
electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.
Code of Ethics. We post both our Employee Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which applies to all employees,
including all executive officers and senior financial officers, as well as our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for Directors
and Senior Financial Officers on our corporate website at www.expediainc.com. Both codes comply with Item 406 of SEC
Regulation S-K and the rules of NASDAQ. We intend to disclose any changes to the codes that affect the provisions required
by Item 406 of Regulation S-K, and any waivers of the code of ethics for our executive officers, senior financial officers or
directors, on our corporate website.
Employees
As of December 31, 2016, we employed approximately 20,075 full-time and part-time employees. We believe we have
good relationships with our employees, including relationships with employees represented by works councils or other similar
organizations.
Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider each of the following risks and uncertainties associated with our company and the
ownership of our securities. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial
may also impair our business and/or financial performance.
We operate in an increasingly competitive global environment.
The market for the services we offer is increasingly and intensely competitive. We compete with both established and
emerging online and traditional sellers of travel-related services, including:
•
•
•
•
•
online and traditional travel agencies, wholesalers and tour operators,
travel suppliers, including hotels and airlines,
large online portal and search websites,
travel metasearch websites,
•
corporate travel management service providers,
•
•
•
mobile platform travel applications,
social media websites,
eCommerce websites and group buying websites, and
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•
Alternative accommodation websites.
Online and traditional travel agencies: We face increasing competition from other online travel agencies (“OTAs”) in
many regions, such as The Priceline Group and its subsidiaries Booking.com and Agoda.com, as well as regional competitors
such as Ctrip, which in some cases may have more favorable offerings for travelers or suppliers, including pricing and supply
breadth. In addition, the global OTA market continues to consolidate, with certain competitors merging or forming strategic
partnerships. We also compete with traditional travel agencies (operating both offline and online), wholesalers and tour
operators for both travelers and the acquisition and retention of supply.
Travel suppliers: Travel suppliers such as airlines and hotels, may offer products and services on more favorable terms to
consumers who transact directly with them, including lower prices, no fees or unique access to proprietary loyalty programs,
such as points and miles. Many of these competitors, such as airlines, hotel and rental car companies, have been steadily
focusing on increasing online demand on their own websites and mobile applications in lieu of third-party distributors such as
the various Expedia sites. For instance, some low cost airlines, which are having increasing success in the marketplace,
distribute their online supply exclusively through their own websites and several large hotel chains have combined to establish
a single online hotels search platform with links directly to their own websites and mobile applications. In the past year, certain
hotel chains have launched advertising campaigns expressly designed to drive consumer traffic directly to their websites.
Suppliers who sell on their own websites, in some instances, offer advantages such as favorable rates, increased or exclusive
product availability, complimentary Wi-Fi, and their own bonus miles or loyalty points, or in the case of airlines promote hotel
supply at their websites, which could make their offerings more attractive to consumers than ours.
Search engines: We also face increasing competition from search engines including Google. To the extent that these
leading search engines that have a significant presence in our key markets disintermediate online travel agencies or travel
content providers by offering comprehensive travel planning, shopping or booking capabilities, or increasingly refer those leads
directly to suppliers or other favored partners, increase the cost of traffic directed to our websites, or offer the ability to transact
on their own website, there could be a material adverse impact on our business and financial performance. For example, in
recent years search engines have increased their focus on acquiring or launching flight and hotel search products that provide
increasingly comprehensive travel planning content and direct booking capabilities, comparable to OTAs. In addition, these
search engines continue to expand their voice and artificial intelligence capabilities. To the extent these actions have a negative
effect on our search traffic or the cost of acquiring such traffic, our business and financial performance could be adversely
affected.
In addition, our websites, or websites in which we hold a significant ownership position, including trivago-branded
websites, compete for advertising revenue with these search engines, as well as with large internet portal sites that offer
advertising opportunities for travel-related companies. Several of these competitors have significantly greater financial,
technical, marketing and other resources and large client bases than we do. We expect to face additional competition as other
established and emerging companies enter the online advertising market. Competition could result in higher traffic acquisitions
costs, reduced margins on our advertising services, loss of market share, reduced customer traffic to our websites and reduced
advertising by travel companies on our websites.
Travel metasearch engines: Travel metasearch websites, including Kayak.com (a subsidiary of Priceline), trivago (a
majority-owned subsidiary of Expedia), TripAdvisor, and Qunar (a subsidiary of Ctrip), aggregate travel search results for a
specific itinerary across supplier, travel agent and other websites. In addition, some metasearch sites have added or intend to
add various forms of direct or assisted booking functionality to their sites in direct competition with certain of our brands. To
the extent metasearch websites limit our participation within their search results, or consumers utilize the metasearch website
for travel services and bookings instead of ours, our traffic-generating arrangements could be affected in a negative manner, or
we may be required to increase our marketing costs to maintain market share, either of which could have an adverse effect on
our business and results of operations. In addition, as a result of our majority ownership interest in trivago, we also now
compete more directly with other metasearch engines and content aggregators for advertising revenue. To the extent that
trivago’s ability to aggregate travel search results for a specific itinerary across supplier, travel agent and other websites is
hampered, whether due to its affiliation with us or otherwise, trivago’s business and results of operations could be adversely
affected and the value of our investment in trivago could be negatively impacted.
Corporate travel management service providers: Egencia, our full-service corporate travel management company,
competes with online and traditional corporate travel providers, including Carlson Wagonlit and American Express, as well as
vendors of corporate travel and expense management software and services, including Concur. Some of these competitors may
have more financial resources, greater name recognition, well-established client bases, differentiated business models, or a
broader global presence, which may make it difficult for us to retain or attract new corporate travel clients.
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Mobile platform travel applications: Mobile platforms, including smartphones and tablet computers, continue to grow
significantly. The improved functionality of mobile platforms has led to an increased use by consumers of standalone
applications to research and book travel. If we are unable to offer innovative, user-friendly, feature-rich mobile applications and
websites for our travel services, along with effective marketing and advertising, or if our mobile applications and websites are
not used by consumers, we could lose market share to existing competitors or new entrants and our future growth and results of
operations could be adversely affected.
Social media websites: Social media websites, including Facebook, continue to develop search functionality for data
included within their websites and mobile applications, which may in the future develop into an alternative research and
booking resource for travelers, resulting in additional competition. Notably, Facebook has launched Dynamic Ads for Travel
product, expanding its reach into the travel market.
Alternative accommodations: Airbnb and similar websites that facilitate the short-term rental of homes and apartments
from owners provide an alternative to hotel rooms and vacation rental properties available through Expedia websites, including
HomeAway. The continued growth of alternative accommodation sources could affect overall travel patterns generally and the
demand for our services specifically in facilitating reservations at hotels and vacation rentals. Furthermore, Airbnb and similar
websites have added other travel services, such as tours, activities, hotel and flight bookings, any of which could further extend
their reach into the travel market as they seek to compete with the traditional OTAs.
Other participants in the travel industry: Traditional consumer eCommerce websites and group buying websites have
periodically undertaken efforts to expand their local offerings into the travel market by adding hotel offers to their sites. To the
extent such websites continue to expand these services over time, it may create additional competition. In addition, car
rideshare services, such as Uber, increasingly compete with the traditional car rental services that we offer on our retail
websites and to our corporate clients, which may negatively affect our car-based and corporate travel businesses.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully against any current, emerging and future competitors
or on platforms that may emerge, or provide differentiated products and services to our traveler base. Increasing competition
from current and emerging competitors, the introduction of new technologies and the continued expansion of existing
technologies, such as metasearch and other search engine technologies, may force us to make changes to our business models,
which could affect our financial performance and liquidity.
In general, increased competition has resulted in and may continue to result in reduced margins, as well as loss of
travelers, transactions and brand recognition.
The industry in which we operate is dynamic.
We continue to adapt our business to remain competitive, including investing in evolving channels such as metasearch
and mobile, as well as offering new consumer choices, including inventory types and transactional models, and increasing
supplier inventory on our existing platforms through acquisitions and partnerships. If we fail to appropriately adapt to
competitive or consumer preference developments, our business could be adversely affected. Our attempts to adapt our current
business models or practices or adopt new business models and practices in order to compete, may involve significant risks and
uncertainties, including distraction of management from current operations, expenses associated with the initiatives, different
legal or tax requirements, inadequate return on investments, difficulties and expenses associated with the integration of
acquired brands and their inventory onto our platforms, as well as limit our ability to develop new site features. In addition,
adaptations to our business may require significant investments, including changes to our financial systems and processes,
which could significantly increase our costs and increase the risk of payment delays and/or non-payments of amounts owed to
us from our supplier partners and customers. In addition, these new initiatives may not be successful and may harm our
financial condition and operating results.
Our business could be negatively affected by changes in search engine algorithms and dynamics or other traffic-
generating arrangements.
We increasingly utilize internet search engines such as Google, principally through the purchase of travel-related
keywords, to generate a significant portion of the traffic to our websites and the websites of our affiliates. Search engines
frequently update and change the logic that determines the placement and display of results of a user’s search, such that the
purchased or algorithmic placement of links to our websites and those of our affiliates can be negatively affected. In addition, a
significant amount of traffic is directed to our websites and those of our affiliates through participation in pay-per-click and
display advertising campaigns on search engines, including Google, and travel metasearch engines, including Kayak and
TripAdvisor. Pricing and operating dynamics for these traffic sources can change rapidly, both technically and competitively.
Moreover, a search or metasearch engine could, for competitive or other purposes, adopt emerging technologies, such as voice,
alter its search algorithms or results, any of which could cause a website to place lower in search query results, or inhibit
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participation in the search query results. If a major search engine changes its algorithms or results in a manner that negatively
affects the search engine ranking, paid or unpaid, of our websites and the websites of our affiliates, or those of our third-party
distribution partners, or if competitive dynamics impact the costs or effectiveness of search engine optimization, search engine
marketing or other traffic-generating arrangements in a negative manner, our business and financial performance would be
adversely affected, potentially to a material extent. In addition, certain metasearch companies have added or intend to add
various forms of direct or assisted booking functionality to their sites. To the extent such functionality is promoted at the
expense of traditional paid listings, this may reduce the amount of traffic to our websites or those of our affiliates.
Our business depends on our relationships with travel suppliers and travel distribution partners.
An important component of our business success depends on our ability to maintain and expand relationships with travel
suppliers, GDS partners, as well as owners and managers of vacation rental properties. A substantial portion of our revenue is
derived from compensation negotiated with travel suppliers, in particular hotel suppliers, airlines, and GDS partners for
bookings made through our websites. Each year we typically negotiate or renegotiate numerous long-term hotel and airline
contracts.
No assurances can be given that our compensation, access to inventory, or access to inventory at competitive rates, will
not be further reduced or eliminated in the future, or that travel suppliers will not reduce average daily rates (“ADRs”), attempt
to implement costly direct connections; charge us for or otherwise restrict access to content, increase credit card fees or fees for
other services; fail to provide us with accurate booking information or otherwise take actions that would increase our operating
expenses. Any of these actions, or other similar actions, could reduce our revenue and margins thereby adversely affecting our
business and financial performance.
Declines or disruptions in the travel industry could adversely affect our business and financial performance.
Our business and financial performance are affected by the health of the worldwide travel industry. Travel expenditures
are sensitive to personal and business-related discretionary spending levels and tend to decline or grow more slowly during
economic downturns. Decreased travel expenditures could reduce the demand for our services, thereby causing a reduction in
revenue.
For example, during regional or global recessions, domestic and global economic conditions can deteriorate rapidly
resulting in increased unemployment and a reduction in available budgets for both business and leisure travelers, which slow
spending on the services we provide and have a negative impact on our revenue growth. Additionally, if individual countries or
regions experience deteriorating credit and economic conditions, and/or significant fluctuations of currency values relative to
other currencies such as the U.S. dollar, it can lead to a negative impact on our foreign denominated net assets, gross bookings,
revenues, operating expenses, and net income as expressed in U.S. dollars. Further economic weakness and uncertainty may
result in significantly decreased spending on our services by both business and leisure travelers, which may have a material
adverse impact on our business and financial performance. Political instability, including as a result of the recent United
Kingdom “Brexit” referendum to withdraw from the European Union, geopolitical conflicts, significant fluctuations in
currency values, sovereign debt issues, and macroeconomic concerns are examples of events that contribute to a somewhat
uncertain economic environment, which could have a negative impact on the travel industry in the future. For example, the
Paris terrorist attacks in November 2015 had a negative impact in the fourth quarter of 2015.
Our business is also sensitive to fluctuations in hotel supply, occupancy and ADRs, decreases in airline capacity,
periodically rising airline ticket prices, or the imposition of taxes or surcharges by regulatory authorities, all of which we have
experienced historically.
Other factors that could negatively affect our business include:
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Significant changes in oil prices;
Continued air carrier and hotel chain consolidation;
Reduced access to discount airfares;
Travel-related strikes or labor unrest, bankruptcies or liquidations;
Increased incidents of actual or threatened terrorism;
Periods of political instability or geopolitical conflict, resulting in additional restrictions on travel or travelers
becoming concerned about safety issues;
Natural disasters or events such as severe weather conditions, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes or earthquakes;
Travel-related accidents or the grounding of aircraft due to safety concerns; and
Health-related risks, such as the Ebola, H1N1, SARs and avian flu outbreaks.
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Such concerns could result in a protracted decrease in demand for our travel services. This decrease in demand,
depending on its scope and duration, together with any future issues affecting travel safety, could significantly and adversely
affect our business, working capital and financial performance over the short and long-term. In addition, the disruption of the
existing travel plans of a significant number of travelers upon the occurrence of certain events, such as severe weather
conditions, actual or threatened terrorist activity or war, could result in the incurrence of significant additional costs and
decrease our revenues leading to constrained liquidity if we, as we have done historically in the case of severe weather
conditions, provide relief to affected travelers by refunding the price or fees associated with airline tickets, hotel reservations
and other travel products and services.
We rely on the value of our brands, and the costs of maintaining and enhancing our brand awareness are increasing.
We invest considerable financial and human resources in our brands in order to retain and expand our customer base. We
expect that the cost of maintaining and enhancing our brands will continue to increase due to a variety of factors, including
increased spending from our competitors, promotional and discounting activities, the increasing costs of our growing customer
loyalty programs, the increasing costs of supporting multiple brands and the impact of competition among our multiple brands,
expansion into geographies and products where our brands are less well known, inflation in media pricing including search
engine keywords and the continued emergence and relative travel-related traffic share growth of search engines and metasearch
engines. During 2016, certain online travel companies and metasearch sites continued to expand their offline and digital
advertising campaigns globally, increasing competition for share of voice, and we expect this activity to continue in the future.
We are also pursuing and expect to continue to pursue long-term growth opportunities, particularly in emerging markets, which
have had and may continue to have a negative impact on our overall marketing efficiency.
Our efforts to preserve and enhance consumer awareness of our brands may not be successful, and, even if we are
successful in our branding efforts, such efforts may not be cost-effective, or as efficient as they have been historically.
Moreover, branding efforts with respect to some brands within the Expedia portfolio have in the past and may in the future
result in marketing inefficiencies and negatively impact growth rates of other brands within our portfolio. In addition, our
decisions over allocation of resources, and choosing to invest in branding efforts for certain brands in our portfolio at the
expense of not investing in, or reducing our investments in, other brands in our portfolio could have an overall negative
financial impact. If we are unable to maintain or enhance consumer awareness of our brands and generate demand in a cost-
effective manner, it would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial performance.
We rely on information technology to operate our businesses and maintain our competitiveness, and any failure to
invest in and adapt to technological developments and industry trends could harm our business.
We depend on the use of sophisticated information technologies and systems, including technology and systems used for
website and mobile applications, reservations, customer service, supplier connectivity, communications, procurement,
payments, fraud detection and administration. As our operations grow in size, scope and complexity, we must continuously
improve and upgrade our systems and infrastructure to offer an increasing number of travelers enhanced products, services,
features and functionality, while maintaining or improving the reliability and integrity of our systems and infrastructure.
Our future success also depends on our ability to adapt our services and infrastructure to meet rapidly evolving consumer
trends and demands while continuing to improve the performance, features and reliability of our service in response to
competitive service and product offerings. The emergence of cloud computing, the growth of alternative platforms such as
smartphone and tablet computing devices and the emergence of niche competitors who may be able to optimize products,
services or strategies that use cloud computing or for such platforms have, and will continue to require, new and costly
investments in technology. Transitioning to these new technologies may be disruptive to resources and the services we provide,
and may increase our reliance on third party service providers. For example, we are beginning to ramp up a multi-year project
to migrate products and functionality and significantly increase our utilization of cloud computing services (such as Amazon
Web Services). In addition, we may not be successful, or may be less successful than our current or new competitors, in
developing technology that operates effectively across multiple devices and platforms and that is appealing to consumers, either
of which would negatively impact our business and financial performance. New developments in other areas, such as cloud
computing and software as a service provider, could also make it easier for competition to enter our markets due to lower up-
front technology costs. In addition, we may not be able to maintain our existing systems or replace or introduce new
technologies and systems as quickly as we would like or in a cost-effective manner. We have been engaged in a multi-year
effort to migrate key portions of our consumer, affiliate, and corporate travel sites and back office application functionality to
new technology platforms to enable us to improve conversion, innovate more rapidly, achieve better search engine optimization
and improve our site merchandising and transaction processing capabilities, among other anticipated benefits. Implementations
and system enhancements such as these have been in the past, and may continue to be in the future, more time consuming and
expensive than originally anticipated, and the resources devoted to those efforts have adversely affected, and may continue to
adversely affect, our ability to develop new site features. In addition, during the migration process the sites have in the past, and
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may continue in the future, to experience reduced functionality, decreases in conversion rates, and increased costs relating to
maintaining redundant systems. Also, we may be unable to devote financial resources to new technologies and systems, or
enhancements to existing infrastructure, technologies and systems, in the future. Overall, these implementations and systems
enhancements may not achieve the desired results in a timely manner, to the extent anticipated, or at all. If any of these events
occur, our business and financial performance could suffer.
Acquisitions, investments or significant commercial arrangements could result in operating and financial difficulties.
We have acquired, invested in or entered into significant commercial arrangements with a number of businesses in the
past, and our future growth may depend, in part, on future acquisitions, investments or significant commercial arrangements,
any of which could be material to our financial condition and results of operations. Certain financial and operational risks
related to acquisitions, investments or significant commercial arrangements that may have a material impact on our business
are:
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Diversion of management’s attention or other resources from our existing businesses, for example during 2016,
we expended significant resources in the integration of Orbitz Worldwide, Inc.;
Difficulties and expenses in assimilating the operations, products, technology, privacy protection systems,
information systems or personnel of the acquired company;
Use of cash resources and incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities in funding acquisitions, including with
regard to future payment obligations in connection with put/call rights, may limit other potential uses of our cash,
including stock repurchases, dividend payments and retirement of outstanding indebtedness;
Amortization expenses related to acquired intangible assets and other adverse accounting consequences, including
changes in fair value of contingent consideration;
Expected and unexpected costs incurred in pursuing acquisitions, including identifying and performing due
diligence on potential acquisition targets that may or may not be successful, if unsuccessful could result in
unexpected litigation or regulatory exposure, unfavorable accounting treatment, unexpected increases in taxes
due, a loss of anticipated tax benefits or other adverse effects on our business, operating results or financial
condition;
Impairment of relationships with employees, suppliers, customers, vendors and affiliates of our business and the
acquired business;
The assumption of known and unknown debt and liabilities of the acquired company;
Failure of the acquired company to achieve anticipated traffic, transactions, revenues, earnings or cash flows or to
retain key management or employees;
Failure to generate adequate returns on our acquisitions and investments, or returns in excess of alternative uses of
capital;
Failure to properly and timely integrate acquired companies and their operations, reducing our ability to achieve,
among other things, anticipated returns on our acquisitions through cost savings and other synergies;
Entrance into markets in which we have no direct prior experience and increased complexity in our business;
• Challenges relating to the structure of an investment, such as governance, accountability and decision-making
conflicts that may arise in the context of a joint venture or majority ownership investment;
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Impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets such as trademarks or other intellectual property arising from
our acquisitions;
Costs associated with litigation or other claims arising in connection with the acquired company;
Increased or unexpected costs or delays to obtain governmental approvals for acquisitions;
Increased competition amongst potential acquirers for acquisition targets could result in a material increase in the
purchase price for such targets or otherwise limit our ability to consummate acquisitions; and
Adverse market reaction to acquisitions or investments or failure to consummate such transactions.
Moreover, we rely heavily on the representations and warranties and related indemnities provided to us by the sellers of
acquired companies, including as they relate to creation, ownership and rights in intellectual property and compliance with laws
and contractual requirements. Our failure to address these risks or other problems encountered in connection with past or future
acquisitions and investments could cause us to fail to realize the anticipated benefits of such acquisitions or investments, incur
unanticipated liabilities and harm our business generally.
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Our HomeAway business is in the process of transitioning to a primarily transaction-based business, which could have a
material adverse effect on our operations and financial results.
We are subject to legal, financial and competitive risk associated with HomeAway’s transition to a primarily
transaction-based business. HomeAway historically generated the majority of its revenues when owners or managers of
vacation rentals paid HomeAway subscription fees for the listing of their properties on the HomeAway family of sites. While
subscription fees were the predominant source of revenue for HomeAway, a growing share of HomeAway’s revenue is now
generated from a commission-based business model, where the traveler pays a service fee for the use of the HomeAway
platform and the owner or manager of the property pays HomeAway a fee or a commission on a transactional basis for each
booking of the property by a traveler. HomeAway launched the traveler service fee and introduced its Book with Confidence
Guarantee in the United States beginning in February 2016, followed by a rollout in Europe beginning in June 2016. In
addition, HomeAway moved to a single subscription option for its homeowners and property manager partners in July 2016.
HomeAway’s business model transition involves significant additional risks and potential costs for HomeAway, including:
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Delays or unanticipated costs in implementing the transition, which may delay or negate any expected benefits;
Supplier or traveler disruption similar to or worse than disruptions associated with previous business model and
platform migrations;
Market research that indicated higher than expected price elasticity for travelers in increasingly transparent markets
such as HomeAway’s market and for HomeAway’s suppliers more broadly;
Suppliers and travelers may not adopt HomeAway’s new payment structures as expected or at all, or may choose to
transact with competitors;
Execution risk associated with launching a new business initiative that HomeAway did not have prior experience
in;
Failure to implement or expand HomeAway’s technology, systems and network infrastructure in light of additional
payment processing and reporting complexity, or failure to do so at a reasonable cost;
Higher cost of traffic reducing cost per view effectiveness and reducing HomeAway’s ability to spend at the
desired return on investment;
Increased risk of fraud; and
Additional potential tax exposures.
These risks could have a material adverse effect on HomeAway’s business and results of operations, which in turn could
have a material adverse effect on Expedia’s operations and financial results.
In addition, HomeAway has been and continues to be, subject to regulatory development that affect the vacation rental
industry and the ability of companies like us to list those vacation rentals online. For example, some states and local
jurisdictions have adopted or are considering statutes or ordinances that prohibit property owners and managers from renting
certain properties for fewer than 30 consecutive days or otherwise limit their ability to do so, and other states and local
jurisdictions may introduce similar regulations. Many homeowners, condominium and neighborhood associations have adopted
rules that prohibit or restrict short-term vacation rentals. In addition, many of the fundamental statutes and ordinances that
impose taxes or other obligations on travel and lodging companies were established before the growth of the Internet and e-
commerce, which creates a risk of these laws being used in ways not originally intended that could burden property owners and
managers or otherwise harm our business.
Our international operations involve additional risks and our exposure to these risks will increase as our business
expands globally.
We operate in a number of jurisdictions outside of the United States and intend to continue to expand our international
presence. As we have expanded globally, our international (non-U.S.) revenue has increased from 39% in 2010 to 43% in 2016.
In foreign jurisdictions, we face complex, dynamic and varied risk landscapes. As we begin to operate in new markets and
countries, we must tailor our services and business models to the unique circumstances of such countries and markets, which
can be complex, difficult, costly and divert management and personnel resources. Laws and business practices that favor local
competitors or prohibit or limit foreign ownership of certain businesses or our failure to adapt our practices, systems, processes
and business models effectively to the traveler and supplier preferences of each country into which we expand, could slow our
growth. For example, to compete in certain international markets we have in the past, and may in the future, adopt locally-
preferred payment methods, which has increased our costs and instances of fraud. Certain international markets in which we
operate have lower margins than more mature markets, which could have a negative impact on our overall margins as our
revenues from these markets grow over time.
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As we continue to grow our global presence, we accumulate a greater portion of our cash balances outside of the United
States in our foreign subsidiaries. Repatriation of cash balances by our foreign subsidiaries to the United States may result in a
higher effective tax rate and incremental cash tax payments.
In addition to the risks outlined elsewhere in this section, our international operations are also subject to a number of
other risks, including:
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Currency exchange restrictions or costs and exchange rate fluctuations, and the risks and costs inherent in hedging
such exposures;
Exposure to local economic or political instability and threatened or actual acts of terrorism;
Compliance with U.S. and Non-U.S. regulatory laws and requirements relating to anti-corruption, antitrust or
competition, economic sanctions, data content and privacy, consumer protection, employment and labor laws,
health and safety, and advertising and promotions;
Compliance with additional U.S. laws applicable to U.S. companies operating internationally;
Differences, inconsistent interpretations and changes in U.S. and non-U.S. laws and regulations, including tax laws
and regulations;
• Weaker enforcement of our contractual and intellectual property rights;
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Lower levels of credit card usage and increased payment and fraud risk;
Longer payment cycles, and difficulties in collecting accounts receivable;
Preferences by local populations for local providers;
Restrictions on, or adverse tax and other consequences related to repatriation of cash, the withdrawal of non-
U.S. investments, cash balances and earnings, as well as restrictions on our ability to invest in our operations in
certain countries;
Financial risk arising from transactions in multiple currencies;
Slower adoption of the internet as an advertising, broadcast and commerce medium in those markets as compared
to the United States;
Our ability to support new technologies, including mobile devices, that may be more prevalent in international
markets;
Difficulties in attracting and retaining qualified employees in international markets, as well as managing staffing
and operations due to increased complexity, distance, time zones, language and cultural differences; and
Uncertainty regarding liability for services and content, including uncertainty as a result of local laws and lack of
precedent.
The China travel market in particular is significant and has grown significantly in recent years. Prior to May 2015, we
conducted our operations in China primarily through our majority ownership interest in eLong, Inc., a leading online travel
service provider in China. Following the sale of our eLong ownership stake in May 2015 to a group of China-based purchasers,
including to a subsidiary of Ctrip International, Ltd., we have conducted our business in China through localized websites and
commercial arrangements with local partners, including Ctrip. There can be no guarantee that we will be able to grow or even
maintain market share and brand awareness in the highly dynamic and intensely competitive market in China and our failure to
do so could significantly impact our ability to grow our overall business.
A failure to comply with current laws, rules and regulations or changes to such laws, rules and regulations and other
legal uncertainties may adversely affect our business, financial performance, results of operations or business growth.
Our business and financial performance could be adversely affected by unfavorable changes in or interpretations of
existing laws, rules and regulations or the promulgation of new laws, rules and regulations applicable to us and our businesses,
including those relating to travel and vacation rental licensing and listing requirements, the internet and online commerce,
internet advertising and price display, consumer protection, anti-corruption, anti-trust and competition, economic and trade
sanctions, tax, banking, data security and privacy. As a result, regulatory authorities could prevent or temporarily suspend us
from carrying on some or all of our activities or otherwise penalize us if our practices were found not to comply with applicable
regulatory or licensing requirements or any binding interpretation of such requirements. Unfavorable changes or interpretations
could decrease demand for our products and services, limit marketing methods and capabilities, affect our margins, increase
costs and/or subject us to additional liabilities.
For example, there are, and will likely continue to be, an increasing number of laws and regulations pertaining to the
internet and online commerce that may relate to liability for information retrieved from or transmitted over the internet, display
of certain taxes and fees, online editorial and user-generated content, user privacy, behavioral targeting and online advertising,
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taxation, liability for third-party activities and the quality of products and services. Furthermore, the growth and development
of online commerce may prompt calls for more stringent consumer protection laws and more aggressive enforcement efforts,
which may impose additional burdens on online businesses generally.
Likewise, the SEC, Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and Office of Foreign Assets Controls (“OFAC”), as well as foreign
regulatory authorities, have continued to increase the enforcement of economic sanctions and trade regulations and anti-
corruption laws, across industries. U.S. trade sanctions relate to transactions with designated foreign countries, including Cuba,
Iran, North Korea, Sudan, Syria and the Crimea region of the Ukraine, and nationals and others of those countries, as well as
certain specifically targeted individuals and entities. We believe that our activities comply with OFAC, European Union, and
United Kingdom economic sanction and trade regulations and anti-corruption regulations, including the Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act (“FCPA”) and the UK Bribery Act. As regulations continue to evolve and regulatory oversight continues to
increase, we cannot guarantee that our programs and policies will be deemed compliant by all applicable regulatory authorities.
In the event our controls should fail or are found to be out of compliance for other reasons, we could be subject to monetary
damages, civil and criminal money penalties, litigation and damage to our reputation and the value of our brands.
We also have been subject, and we will likely be subject in the future, to inquiries from time to time from regulatory
bodies concerning compliance with consumer protection, competition, tax and travel industry-specific laws and regulations,
including but not limited to investigations and legal proceedings relating to the travel industry and, in particular, parity
provisions in contracts between hotels and online travel companies, including Expedia described in Part I, Item 3, Legal
Proceedings - Hotel Booking Practices Proceedings and Litigation. The failure of our businesses to comply with these laws and
regulations could result in fines and/or proceedings against us by governmental agencies and/or consumers, which if material,
could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, if such laws and regulations are not
enforced equally against other competitors in a particular market, our compliance with such laws may put us a competitive
disadvantage vis-à-vis competitors who do not comply with such requirements. We are unable at this time to predict the timing
or outcome of these various investigations and lawsuits or similar future investigations or lawsuits, and their impact, if any, on
our business and results of operations.
The promulgation of new laws, rules and regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws, rules and regulations, in
each case that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or manner in which we provide travel services could require
us to change certain aspects of our business, operations and commercial relationships to ensure compliance, which could
decrease demand for services, reduce revenues, increase costs and/or subject the company to additional liabilities.
Furthermore, our future growth may be limited by anti-trust or competition laws. For example, our business has grown
and continues to expand, and, as a consequence, increases in our size and market share may negatively affect our ability to
obtain regulatory approval of proposed acquisitions, investments or significant commercial arrangements, any of which could
adversely affect our ability to grow and compete.
Application of existing tax laws, rules or regulations are subject to interpretation by taxing authorities.
The application of various domestic and international income and non-income tax laws, rules and regulations to our
historical and new products and services is subject to interpretation by the applicable taxing authorities. These taxing
authorities have become more aggressive in their interpretation and/or enforcement of such laws, rules and regulations over
time, as governments are increasingly focused on ways to increase revenues. This has contributed to an increase in audit
activity and harsher stances by tax authorities. As such, additional taxes or other assessments may be in excess of our current
tax reserves or may require us to modify our business practices to reduce our exposure to additional taxes going forward, any of
which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
A number of taxing authorities have made inquiries, filed lawsuits and levied assessments asserting we are required to
collect and remit hotel occupancy, state and local sales or use taxes or other taxes, including, but not limited to, the legal
proceedings described in Part I, Item 3, Legal Proceedings. We are also in various stages of inquiry or audit with multiple
European Union jurisdictions regarding the application of value added tax to our European Union transactions, as well as in
multiple jurisdictions globally. While we believe we comply with applicable tax laws, rules and regulations in the jurisdictions
we operate, tax authorities may conclude we owe additional taxes. We have in the past and may in the future be required in
certain domestic and foreign jurisdictions to pay any such tax assessments prior to contesting their validity, which payments
may be substantial. This requirement is commonly referred to as “pay-to-play.” Payment of these amounts is not an admission
that the taxpayer believes it is subject to such taxes. For example, as a pre-condition to challenging the assessments, in 2015,
we paid $2.3 million under protest to the city of Portland, Oregon and Multnomah County, Oregon; during 2009, we paid $48
million under protest to the city of San Francisco and an additional $25.5 million under protest on May 26, 2014 in connection
with additional assessments; and during 2013, we paid $171 million to the state of Hawaii. In September 2015, following a
ruling by the Hawaii Supreme Court, the State of Hawaii refunded the Expedia companies $132 million of the original “pay-to-
play” amount, and Orbitz also received a similar refund of $22 million. The Expedia companies intend to appeal the August 5,
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2016 decision by the Hawaii tax court holding that taxes are due on the online travel companies’ services to facilitate merchant
model car rental transactions, in which case the Expedia companies will be expected to pay under protest the full amount
claimed due, or approximately $16.5 million, as a condition of appeal. Significant judgment and estimation is required in
determining our worldwide tax liabilities. In the ordinary course of our business, there are transactions and calculations,
including intercompany transactions and cross-jurisdictional transfer pricing, for which the ultimate tax determination is
uncertain or otherwise subject to interpretation. Tax authorities may disagree with our intercompany charges, including the
amount of or basis for such charges, cross-jurisdictional transfer pricing or other matters and assess additional taxes. We
believe our tax estimates are reasonable, however, the final determination of tax audits could be materially different from our
historical income tax provisions and accruals in which case we may be subject to additional tax liabilities, possibly including
interest and penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows, financial condition and results of
operations.
System interruption, security breaches and the lack of redundancy in our information systems may harm our
businesses.
We rely on information technology systems, including the Internet and third-party hosted services, to support a variety of
business processes and activities and to store sensitive data, including booking transactions, intellectual property, our
proprietary business information and that of our suppliers and business partners, personally identifiable information of our
customers and employees, and data with respect to invoicing and the collection of payments, accounting, procurement, and
supply chain activities. In addition, we rely on our information technology systems to process financial information and results
of operations for internal reporting purposes and to comply with financial reporting, legal, and tax requirements. The risk of a
cybersecurity-related attack, intrusion, or disruption, including by criminal organizations, hacktivists, foreign governments, and
terrorists, is persistent. Additionally, as we continue to integrate our acquired companies, such as Orbitz, into our information
technology systems, we may increase the risk of these system interruptions. We have experienced and may in the future
experience system interruptions that make some or all of these systems unavailable or prevent us from efficiently fulfilling
orders or providing services to third parties. These interruptions could include security intrusions and attacks on our systems for
fraud or service interruption. Significant interruptions, outages or delays in our internal systems, or systems of third parties that
we rely upon — including multiple co-location providers for data centers, cloud computing providers for application hosting,
and network access providers — and network access, or deterioration in the performance of such systems, would impair our
ability to process transactions, decrease our quality of service that we can offer to our travelers, damage our reputation and
brands, increase our costs and/or cause losses.
Potential security breaches to our systems or the systems of our service providers, whether resulting from internal or
external sources, could significantly harm our business. We devote significant resources to network security, monitoring and
testing, employee training, and other security measures, but there can be no guarantee that these measures will prevent all
possible security breaches or attacks. A party, whether internal or external, that is able to circumvent our security systems could
misappropriate customer or employee information, intellectual property, proprietary information or other business and financial
data or cause significant interruptions in our operations. We may need to expend additional significant resources to protect
against security breaches or to address problems caused by breaches, and a security breach resulting in the reduction of website
availability could cause a loss of substantial business volume during the occurrence of any such incident. Because the
techniques used to sabotage security change frequently, are often not recognized until launched against a target, and may
originate from less regulated or remote areas around the world, we may be unable to proactively address these techniques or to
implement adequate preventive measures. Security breaches could result in negative publicity, damage to reputation, exposure
to risk of loss or litigation and possible liability due to regulatory penalties and sanctions or pursuant to our contractual
arrangements with payment card processors for associated expenses and penalties. Security breaches could also cause travelers
and potential users and our business partners to lose confidence in our security, which would have a negative effect on the value
of our brands. Failure to adequately protect against attacks or intrusions, whether for their own systems or systems of vendors,
could expose us to security breaches that could have an adverse impact on financial performance.
In addition, no assurance can be given that our backup systems or contingency plans will sustain critical aspects of our
operations or business processes in all circumstances, many other systems are not fully redundant and our disaster recovery or
business continuity planning may not be sufficient. Fire, flood, power loss, telecommunications failure, break-ins, earthquakes,
acts of war or terrorism, acts of God, computer viruses, electronic intrusion attempts from both external and internal sources
and similar events or disruptions may damage or impact or interrupt computer or communications systems or business
processes at any time. Although we have put measures in place to protect certain portions of our facilities and assets, any of
these events could cause system interruption, delays and loss of critical data, and could prevent us from providing services to
our travelers and/or third parties for a significant period of time. In addition, any remediation efforts may be costly for which
we may not have adequate insurance to cover such losses or costs. Moreover, the costs of enhancing infrastructure to attain
improved stability and redundancy may be time consuming and expensive and may require resources and expertise that are
difficult to obtain.
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Amendment to existing tax laws, rules or regulations or enactment of new unfavorable tax laws, rules or regulations
could have an adverse effect on our business and financial performance.
Many of the underlying laws, rules or regulations imposing taxes and other obligations were established before the
growth of the digital economy. If the tax laws, rules or regulations were amended, or if new unfavorable tax laws, rules or
regulations were enacted, particularly with respect to occupancy, sales, value-added taxes, or unclaimed property, or other tax
laws applicable to the digital economy, the results could increase our tax payments or other obligations, prospectively or
retrospectively, subject us to interest and penalties, decrease the demand for our products and services if we pass on such costs
to the consumer, result in increased costs to update or expand our technical or administrative infrastructure or effectively limit
the scope of our business activities if we decided not to conduct business in particular jurisdictions. As a result, these changes
could have an adverse effect on our business or financial performance.
In addition, in the past U.S. and foreign governments have introduced proposals for tax legislation, or have adopted tax
laws, that could have a significant adverse effect on our tax rate, or increase our tax liabilities, the carrying value of deferred
tax assets, or our deferred tax liabilities. For example, in October 2015, the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and
Development (“OECD”) released a final package of suggested measures to be implemented by member nations in response to a
2013 action plan calling for a coordinated multi-jurisdictional approach to “base erosion and profit shifting” (“BEPS”) by
multinational companies. Multiple member jurisdictions, including countries in which we operate, have begun implementing
recommended changes such as country by country reporting (“CBCR”). The CBCR standards require multinationals to disclose
certain financial and economic indicators across geographies. The CBCR disclosure is expected to result in increased global tax
audit activity. Additional legislative changes are anticipated in upcoming years. Certain countries have adopted unilateral
changes increasing the risk of double taxation. Any changes to U.S. or international tax laws or interpretation of current or
existing law could impact the tax treatment of our earnings and adversely affect our profitability. Our tax liabilities in the future
could also be adversely affected by changes to our operating structure, changes in the mix of earnings in countries with
differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, or the discontinuance of beneficial
tax arrangements in certain jurisdictions.
We continue to work with relevant authorities and legislators to clarify our obligations under existing, new and emerging
tax laws and regulations.
We are involved in various legal proceedings and may experience unfavorable outcomes, which could adversely affect
our business and financial condition.
We are involved in various legal proceedings and claims involving taxes, property, personal injury, contract, alleged
infringement of third-party intellectual property rights, antitrust, consumer protection, securities laws, and other claims,
including, but not limited to, the legal proceedings described in Part I, Item 3, Legal Proceedings. These matters may involve
claims for substantial amounts of money or for other relief that might necessitate changes to our business or operations. The
defense of these actions is and will likely continue to be both time consuming and expensive and their outcomes cannot be
predicted with certainty. Determining reserves for pending litigation is a complex, fact-intensive process that requires
significant legal judgment. It is possible that unfavorable outcomes in one or more such proceedings could result in substantial
payments that could adversely affect our business, consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows in a
particular period.
We are subject to payments-related and fraud risks.
We have agreements with companies that process customer credit and debit card transactions, the volume of which are
very large and continue to grow, for the facilitation of customer bookings of travel services from our travel suppliers. These
agreements allow these processing companies, under certain conditions, to hold an amount of our cash (referred to as a
“holdback”) or require us to otherwise post security equal to a portion of bookings that have been processed by that company.
These processing companies may be entitled to a holdback or suspension of processing services upon the occurrence of
specified events, including material adverse changes in our financial condition. An imposition of a holdback or suspension of
processing services by one or more of our processing companies could materially reduce our liquidity. Moreover, there can be
no assurances that the interchange rates or the fees we pay for the processing of customer credit and debit card transactions will
not increase which could reduce our revenue thereby adversely affecting our business and financial performance.
In addition, credit card networks, such as Visa, MasterCard and American Express, have adopted rules and regulations
that apply to all merchants who process and accept credit cards and include payment card association operating rules, the
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards, or the PCI DSS. Under these rules, we are required to adopt and implement
internal controls over the use, storage and security of card data. We assess our compliance with the PCI DSS rules on a periodic
basis and make necessary improvements to our internal controls. Failure to comply may subject us to fines, penalties, damages
and civil liability and could prevent us from processing or accepting credit cards.
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Our results of operations and financial positions have been negatively affected by our acceptance of fraudulent bookings
made using credit and debit cards or fraudulently obtained loyalty points. We are sometimes held liable for accepting fraudulent
bookings on our websites or other bookings for which payment is subsequently disputed by our customers both of which lead
to the reversal of payments received by us for such bookings (referred to as a “charge back”). Accordingly, we calculate and
record an allowance for the resulting credit and debit card charge backs. Our ability to detect and combat fraudulent schemes,
which have become increasingly common and sophisticated, may be negatively impacted by the adoption of new payment
methods, the emergence and innovation of new technology platforms, including smartphones and tablet computers, and our
global expansion, including into markets with a history of elevated fraudulent activity. In addition, for existing and future
payment options we offer to our customers, we may become subject to additional regulations and compliance requirements
(including obligations to implement enhanced authentication processes that could result in significant costs and reduce the ease
of use of our payments products), as well as fraud. If we are unable to effectively combat fraudulent bookings on our websites
or mobile applications or if we otherwise experience increased levels of charge backs, our results of operations and financial
positions could be materially adversely affected.
In addition, when onboarding suppliers to our websites, we may fail to identify falsified or stolen supplier credentials,
which may result in fraudulent bookings or unauthorized access to personal or confidential information of users of our websites
and mobile applications. A fraudulent supplier scheme could also result in negative publicity, damage to our reputation, and
could cause users of our websites and mobile applications to lose confidence in the quality of our services. Any of these events
would have a negative effect on the value of our brands, which could have an adverse impact on our financial performance.
We have foreign exchange risk.
We conduct a significant and growing portion of our business outside the United States. As a result, we face exposure to
movements in currency exchange rates, particularly those related to the British pound sterling, euro, Canadian dollar, Australian
dollar, Thai baht, Brazilian real, and Nordic currencies.
These exposures include but are not limited to re-measurement gains and losses from changes in the value of foreign
denominated monetary assets and liabilities; translation gains and losses on foreign subsidiary financial results that are
translated into U.S. dollars upon consolidation; fluctuations in hotel revenue due to relative currency movements from the time
of booking to the time of stay; planning risk related to changes in exchange rates between the time we prepare our annual and
quarterly forecasts and when actual results occur; and the impact of relative exchange rate movements on cross-border travel
such as from Europe to the United States and the United States to Europe.
Depending on the size of the exposures and the relative movements of exchange rates, if we choose not to hedge or fail to
hedge effectively our exposure, we could experience a material adverse effect on our financial statements and financial
condition. As we have seen in some recent periods, in the event of severe volatility in exchange rates these exposures can
increase, and the impact on our results of operations can be more pronounced. In addition, the current environment and the
increasingly global nature of our business have made hedging these exposures more complex. We have increased and plan to
continue increasing the scope, complexity and duration of our foreign exchange risk management. We make a number of
estimates in conducting hedging activities including in some cases cancellations and payments in foreign currencies. In
addition, an effective exchange rate hedging program is dependent upon effective systems, accurate and reliable data sources,
controls and change management procedures. In the event our estimates differ significantly from actual results or if we fail to
adopt effective hedging processes, we could experience greater volatility as a result of our hedging activities.
Our stock price is highly volatile.
The market price of our common stock is highly volatile and could continue to be subject to wide fluctuations in response
to factors such as the following, some of which are beyond our control:
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Quarterly variations in our operating and financial results;
Operating and financial results that vary from the expectations of securities analysts and investors, including
failure to deliver returns on technology or emerging market marketing investments;
Changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates by securities analysts
and investors;
Rating agency credit rating actions or pronouncements;
Reaction to our earnings releases and conference calls, or presentations by executives at investor and industry
conferences;
Worldwide macro-economic conditions and fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
Changes in our capital or governance structure;
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Changes in market valuations of other internet or online service companies;
Changes in search industry dynamics, such as key word pricing and traffic, or other changes that negatively affect
our ability to generate traffic to our websites;
Announcements of dividends or changes in the amount or frequency of our dividends;
Announcements of technological innovations or new services by us or our competitors;
Announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures
or capital commitments;
Loss of a major travel supplier, such as an airline, hotel or car rental chain;
Changes in the status of our intellectual property rights;
Lack of success in the expansion of our business model geographically;
Significant claims or proceedings against us or adverse developments or decisions in pending proceedings;
Significant security breaches;
Additions or departures of key personnel;
Rumors or public speculation about any of the above factors; and
Price and volume fluctuations in the stock markets in general.
Volatility in our stock price could also make us less attractive to certain investors, and/or invite speculative trading in our
common stock or debt instruments.
We may experience constraints in our liquidity and may be unable to access capital when necessary or desirable, either
of which could harm our financial position.
Due to our increasing international presence, we may continue to accumulate a greater portion of our cash flows in
certain foreign jurisdictions than previously and any repatriation of such funds for use in the United States, including for
corporate purposes such as acquisitions, stock repurchases, dividends or debt refinancings, would likely result in additional
U.S. income tax expense. In addition, we have experienced, and may experience in the future, declines in seasonal liquidity and
capital provided by our merchant hotel business, which has historically provided a meaningful portion of our operating cash
flow and is dependent on several factors, including the rate of growth of our merchant hotel business and the relative growth of
businesses which consume rather than generate working capital, such as our agency hotel, advertising and managed corporate
travel businesses and payment terms with suppliers. We also continued to see growth in both our merchant (Expedia Collect)
and our agency (Hotel Collect) hotel products. To the extent our merchant hotel business stopped growing or began to decline,
it would likely result in pressure on our working capital cash balances, cash flow over time and liquidity.
The availability of funds depends in significant measure on capital markets and liquidity factors over which we exert no
control. In light of periodic uncertainty in the capital and credit markets, we can provide no assurance that sufficient financing
will be available on desirable or even any terms to fund investments, acquisitions, stock repurchases, dividends, debt
refinancing or extraordinary actions or that our counterparties in any such financings would honor their contractual
commitments. In addition, any downgrade of our debt ratings by Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s Investor Service, Fitch or similar
ratings agencies, increases in general interest rate levels and credit spreads or overall weakening in the credit markets could
increase our cost of capital.
We process, store and use personal information, payment card information and other consumer data, which subjects us
to risks stemming from possible failure to comply with governmental regulation and other legal obligations.
We may acquire personal or confidential information from users of our websites and mobile applications. There are
numerous laws regarding privacy and the storing, sharing, use, processing, disclosure and protection of personal information,
payment card information and other consumer data, the scope of which are changing, subject to differing interpretations, and
may be inconsistent between countries or conflict with other rules. We strive to comply with all applicable laws, policies, legal
obligations and industry codes of conduct relating to privacy and data protection. It is possible, however, that these obligations
may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other
rules or the practices of the companies. Any failure or perceived failure by us, or our service providers, to comply with the
privacy policies, privacy-related obligations to users or other third parties, or privacy related legal obligations, or any
compromise of security that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personally identifiable information, payment card
information or other consumer data, may result in governmental enforcement actions, litigation or public statements against the
company by consumer advocacy groups or others and could cause our customers and members to lose trust in the company, as
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well as subject us to bank fines, penalties or increased transaction costs, all of which could have an adverse effect on our
business.
The regulatory framework for privacy issues worldwide is currently in flux and is likely to remain so for the foreseeable
future. Practices regarding the collection, use, storage, transmission and security of personal information by companies
operating over the internet have recently come under increased public scrutiny. The U.S. Congress and federal agencies,
including the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Commerce, are reviewing the need for greater regulation for
the collection and use of information concerning consumer behavior on the internet, including regulation aimed at restricting
certain targeted advertising practices. U.S. courts are also considering the applicability of existing federal and state statutes,
including computer trespass and wiretapping laws, to the collection and exchange of information online. In addition, the
European Court of Justice’s invalidation of the U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework could make it more difficult for us to transfer
data outside of the European Union for processing and the European Union’s reforms to its existing data protection legal
framework, which may result in a greater compliance burden for companies, including Expedia, with users in Europe and
increased costs of compliance. Finally, countries in other regions, most notably Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America, are
increasingly implementing new privacy regulations, resulting in additional compliance burdens and uncertainty as to how some
of these laws will be interpreted.
We rely on the performance of highly skilled personnel and, if we are unable to retain or motivate key personnel or hire,
retain and motivate qualified personnel, our business would be harmed.
Our performance is largely dependent on the talents and efforts of highly skilled individuals. Our future success depends
on our continuing ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain highly skilled personnel for all areas of our organization.
In particular, the contributions of Barry Diller, our Chairman and Senior Executive, and Dara Khosrowshahi, our Chief
Executive Officer, are critical to the overall management of the company. Our future success will depend on the performance of
our senior management and key employees. Expedia cannot ensure that it will be able to retain the services of Mr. Diller,
Mr. Khosrowshahi or any other member of our senior management or key employees, the loss of whom could seriously harm
our business. We do not maintain any key person life insurance policies.
Competition for well-qualified employees in certain aspects of our business, including software engineers, developers,
product management personnel, development personnel, and other technology professionals, also remains intense. Our
continued ability to compete effectively depends on our ability to attract new employees and to retain and motivate our existing
employees. For example, additional barriers to or restricts on travel for professional or personal purposes, such as those in the
United States in early 2017, may cause significant disruption to our businesses or negatively affect our ability to attract and
retain employees on a global basis. If we do not succeed in attracting well-qualified employees or retaining or motivating
existing employees, our business would be adversely affected.
In addition, we have in the past and may again in the future, restructure portions of our global workforce to simplify and
streamline our organization, improve our cost structure and strengthen our overall businesses. These changes could affect
employee morale and productivity and be disruptive to our business and financial performance.
Mr. Diller currently effectively controls Expedia. If Mr. Diller ceases to control the company, Liberty Expedia Holdings,
Inc. may effectively control the company.
Subject to the terms of a Stockholders Agreement between Mr. Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings, Mr. Diller holds an
irrevocable proxy to vote shares of Expedia stock held by Liberty Expedia Holdings, which proxy has been assigned by Mr.
Diller to Liberty Expedia Holdings until the earlier of May 4, 2018 or the occurrence of certain termination events. By virtue of
the agreements between Mr. Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings and their respective holdings in Expedia, the voting power of
an irrevocable proxy granted to Mr. Diller by John C. Malone and Leslie Malone over their shares in Liberty Expedia Holdings
and the governance arrangements at Liberty Expedia Holdings, during the period the assignment of the Diller Proxy and the
proxy granted him by the Malones are in effect, Mr. Diller is effectively able to control the outcome of nearly all matters
submitted to a vote or for the consent of our stockholders (other than with respect to the election by the holders of common
stock of 25% of the members of our Board of Directors and matters as to which Delaware law requires a separate class vote).
Upon Mr. Diller’s permanent departure from Expedia, the irrevocable proxy would terminate and depending on the
capitalization of Expedia at such time, Liberty Expedia Holdings could effectively control the voting power of our capital
stock. As a result of their agreements and respective holdings in Expedia, Mr. Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings may be
deemed to share voting power over securities representing approximately 54% of the combined voting power of the outstanding
Expedia capital stock as of December 31, 2016.
In addition, under a Governance Agreement among Mr. Diller, Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc. and Expedia, Inc., as
amended, each of Mr. Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings generally has the right to consent to limited matters in the event that
we incur debt such that our ratio of total debt to EBITDA, as defined in the Governance Agreement, equals or exceeds 8:1 over
a continuous 12-month period. We cannot assure you that Mr. Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings will consent to any such
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matter at a time when we are highly leveraged, in which case we would not be able to engage in such transactions or take such
actions.
As a result of Mr. Diller’s and Liberty Expedia Holdings’ ownership interests and voting power, the agreements between
Mr. Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings and between Mr. Diller and the Malones, and the governance structure at Liberty
Expedia Holdings, Mr. Diller is currently in a position to control or influence, and Liberty Expedia Holdings is in a position to
influence, significant corporate actions, including, corporate transactions such as mergers, business combinations or
dispositions of assets. As a result of Liberty Expedia Holdings’ ownership interests and voting power upon Mr. Diller’s
permanent departure from Expedia, in the future Liberty Expedia Holdings may be in a position to control or influence such
corporate actions. This concentrated control could discourage others from initiating any potential merger, takeover or other
change of control transaction that may otherwise be beneficial to us.
Actual or potential conflicts of interest may develop between Expedia management and directors, on the one hand, and
the management and directors of IAC, on the other.
Mr. Diller serves as our Chairman of the Board of Directors and Senior Executive, while retaining his role as Chairman
of the Board of Directors and Senior Executive of IAC, and Mr. Kaufman serves as Vice Chairman of both Expedia and IAC.
The fact that Mr. Diller and Mr. Kaufman hold positions with and securities of both companies could create, or appear to create,
potential conflicts of interest for them when facing decisions that may affect both IAC and Expedia. They may also face
conflicts of interest with regard to the allocation of their time between the companies.
Our certificate of incorporation provides that no officer or director of Expedia who is also an officer or director of IAC be
liable to Expedia or its stockholders for breach of any fiduciary duty by reason of the fact that any such individual directs a
corporate opportunity to IAC instead of Expedia, or does not communicate information regarding a corporate opportunity to
Expedia because the officer or director has directed the corporate opportunity to IAC. This corporate opportunity provision may
have the effect of exacerbating the risk of conflicts of interest between the companies because the provision effectively shields
an overlapping director/executive officer from liability for breach of fiduciary duty in the event that such director or officer
chooses to direct a corporate opportunity to IAC instead of Expedia.
We work closely with various business partners and rely on third-parties for many systems and services, and therefore
could be harmed by their activities.
We could be harmed by the activities of third parties that we do not control. We work closely with business partners,
including in connection with significant commercial arrangements and joint ventures, and through our Expedia Affiliate
Network business. We also rely on third-party service providers for certain customer care, fulfillment, processing, systems
development, technology and other services, including, increasingly, travel care and information technology services. If these
partners or third-party service providers experience difficulty or fail to meet our requirements or standards or the requirements
or standards of governmental authorities, it could damage our reputation, make it difficult for us to operate some aspects of our
business, or expose us to liability for their actions which could have an adverse impact on our business and financial
performance. Likewise, if the third-party service providers on which we rely were to cease operations, temporarily or
permanently, face financial distress or other business disruption, we could suffer increased costs and delays in our ability to
provide similar services until an equivalent service provider could be found or we could develop replacement technology or
operations, any of which could also have an adverse impact on our business and financial performance.
We are exposed to various counterparty risks.
We are exposed to the risk that various counterparties, including financial entities, will fail to perform. This creates risk in
a number of areas, including with respect to our bank deposits and investments, foreign exchange risk management, insurance
coverages, and letters of credit. As it relates to deposits, as of December 31, 2016, we held cash in bank depository accounts of
approximately $1.3 billion (primarily in Bank of America, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, BNP Paribas, HSBC, and JPMorgan
Chase) and held time deposits of approximately $324 million at financial institutions including, BNP Paribas, JPMorgan Chase,
Mizuho Bank Ltd., National Australia Bank, and Standard Chartered Bank. Additionally, majority-owned subsidiaries held cash
of approximately $313 million (primarily in Deutsche Bank and National Australia Bank). As it relates to foreign exchange, as
of December 31, 2016, we were party to forward contracts with a notional value of approximately $1.9 billion, the fair value of
which was a liability of approximately $4 million. The counterparties to these contracts were Barclays Bank, BNP Paribas,
Bank of America, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Citibank, Credit Suisse International, Goldman Sachs, HSBC,
JPMorgan Chase, Mizuho, Royal Bank of Canada, Standard Chartered Bank, The Bank of Nova Scotia, Societe Generale, and
Wells Fargo. We employ forward contracts to hedge a portion of our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
At the end of the deposit term or upon the maturity of the forward contracts, the counterparties are obligated, or potentially
obligated in the case of forward contracts, to return our funds or pay us net settlement values. If any of these counterparties
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were to liquidate, declare bankruptcy or otherwise cease operations, it may not be able to satisfy its obligations under these
time deposits or forward contracts.
In addition, due to instability in the economy we also face increased credit risk and payment delays from our non-
financial contract counterparties.
We have significant indebtedness, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
We have outstanding long-term indebtedness with a face value of $3.2 billion and we have a $1.5 billion unsecured
revolving credit facility. Risks relating to our indebtedness include:
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Increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
Requiring us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby
reducing the availability of cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and investments
and other general corporate purposes;
Making it difficult for us to optimally capitalize and manage the cash flow for our businesses;
Limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our businesses and the markets in which we
operate;
Placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; and
Limiting our ability to borrow additional funds or to borrow funds at rates or on other terms we find acceptable.
The agreements governing our indebtedness contain various covenants that may limit our ability to effectively operate
our businesses, including those that restrict our ability to, among other things:
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Borrow money, and guarantee or provide other support for indebtedness of third parties including guarantees;
Pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase our capital stock;
Enter into certain asset sale transactions, including partial or full spin-off transactions;
Enter into secured financing arrangements;
Enter into sale and leaseback transactions; and
Enter into unrelated businesses.
In addition, our credit facility requires that we meet certain financial tests, including an interest coverage test and a
leverage ratio test.
Any failure to comply with the restrictions of our credit facility or any agreement governing our other indebtedness may
result in an event of default under those agreements. Such default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt, which
acceleration may trigger cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions in other debt. In addition, lenders may be able to
terminate any commitments they had made to supply us with further funds (including periodic rollovers of existing
borrowings). In addition, it is possible that we may need to incur additional indebtedness in the future in the ordinary course of
business. The terms of our credit facility and the indentures governing our outstanding senior notes allow us to incur additional
debt subject to certain limitations. If new debt is added to current debt levels, the risks described above could intensify.
We cannot be sure that our intellectual property and proprietary information is protected from copying or use by
others, including potential competitors.
Our websites and mobile applications rely on content, brands, domain names and technology, much of which is
proprietary. We establish and protect our intellectual property by relying on a combination of trademark, domain name,
copyright, trade secret and patent laws in the U.S. and other jurisdictions, license and confidentiality agreements, and internal
policies and procedures. In connection with our license agreements with third parties, we seek to control access to, and the use
and distribution of, our proprietary information and intellectual property. Even with these precautions, however, it may be
possible for another party to copy or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property without our authorization or to develop
similar intellectual property independently. Effective trademark, domain name, copyright, patent and trade secret protection
may not be available in every jurisdiction in which our services are made available, and policing unauthorized use of our
intellectual property is difficult and expensive. We cannot be sure that the steps we have taken will prevent misappropriation or
infringement of intellectual property. Any misappropriation or violation of our rights could have a material adverse effect on
our business. Furthermore, we may need to go to court or other tribunals to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect
our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. These proceedings might result in
substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention.
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We currently license from third parties some of the technologies, content and brands incorporated into our websites. As
we continue to introduce new services that incorporate new technologies, content and brands, we may be required to license
additional technology, content or brands. We cannot be sure that such technology, content and brand licenses will be available
on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.
Part I. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Part I. Item 2. Properties
We lease approximately 3.3 million square feet of office space worldwide, pursuant to leases with expiration dates
through November 2026.
We lease approximately 562,000 square feet for our headquarters in Bellevue, Washington, pursuant to leases with
expiration dates through December 2019. We also lease approximately 1.1 million square feet of office space for our domestic
operations in various other cities and locations pursuant to leases with expiration dates through March 2026.
We also lease approximately 1.6 million square feet of office space for our international operations in various cities and
locations pursuant to leases with expiration dates through November 2026.
In addition to our leased space, on April 30, 2015, we acquired our future corporate headquarters for $229 million,
consisting of multiple office and lab buildings located in Seattle, Washington. The build out of the headquarters is expected to
be significant as we convert lab facilities into office space. We expect employees to be moved to the new location during 2019.
Part I. Item 3. Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, Expedia and its subsidiaries are parties to legal proceedings and claims involving
property, personal injury, contract, alleged infringement of third-party intellectual property rights and other claims. The
amounts that may be recovered in such matters may be subject to insurance coverage.
Rules of the SEC require the description of material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary, routine litigation
incident to the registrant’s business, and advise that proceedings ordinarily need not be described if they primarily involve
damages claims for amounts (exclusive of interest and costs) not individually exceeding 10% of the current assets of the
registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. In the judgment of management, none of the pending litigation matters
that the Company and its subsidiaries are defending, including those described below, involves or is likely to involve amounts
of that magnitude. The litigation matters described below involve issues or claims that may be of particular interest to our
stockholders, regardless of whether any of these matters may be material to our financial position or results of operations based
upon the standard set forth in the SEC’s rules.
Litigation Relating to Occupancy and Other Taxes
A number of jurisdictions in the United States have filed lawsuits against online travel companies, including Expedia
companies, such as Hotels.com, Expedia, Hotwire, Orbitz and HomeAway, claiming that such travel companies have failed to
collect and/or pay taxes (e.g., occupancy taxes, excise taxes, sales taxes, etc.), as well as related claims such as unjust
enrichment, restitution, interest, and penalties. In addition, we may file complaints contesting tax assessments made by states,
counties and municipalities seeking to obligate online travel companies, including certain Expedia companies, to collect and
remit certain taxes, either retroactively or prospectively, or both. Moreover, certain jurisdictions may require us to pay tax
assessments prior to contesting any such assessments. This requirement is commonly referred to as “pay-to-play.” Payment of
these amounts is not an admission that we believe we are subject to such taxes and, even when such payments are made, we
continue to defend our position vigorously.
Actions Filed by Individual States, Cities and Counties
City of Los Angeles Litigation. On December 30, 2004, the city of Los Angeles filed a purported class action in
California state court against a number of online travel companies, including Hotels.com, Expedia, Hotwire and Orbitz. City
of Los Angeles, California, on Behalf of Itself and All Others Similarly Situated v. Hotels.com, L.P. et al., No. BC326693
(Superior Court, Los Angeles County). The complaint alleged that the defendants failed to pay hotel occupancy taxes, and
sought certification of a statewide class of all California cities and counties that have enacted uniform transient occupancy-
tax ordinances effective on or after December 30, 1990. The complaint alleged violation of those ordinances, violation of
Section 17200 of the California Business and Professions Code, and common-law conversion; it also sought a declaratory
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judgment that the defendants are subject to hotel occupancy taxes on the hotel rate charged to consumers and imposition of a
constructive trust, disgorgement, restitution, interest and penalties. On April 18, 2013, the trial court held that the online
travel companies are not liable to remit hotel occupancy taxes to the city of Los Angeles. On January 8, 2014, the court
entered final judgment in favor of the online travel companies. In the administrative process preceding the litigation, the
city of Los Angeles had issued assessments in September 2009 totaling $29.5 million against certain Expedia companies
(Expedia, Hotels.com and Hotwire). On March 21, 2014, the city of Los Angeles filed a notice of appeal. The California
Court of Appeals has lifted the stay for this case and the appeal will proceed in light of the California Supreme Court’s
decision in the San Diego litigation.
City of Chicago Litigation. On November 1, 2005, the city of Chicago, Illinois filed an action in state court against a
number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com and Hotwire. City of Chicago, Illinois v. Hotels.com,
L.P., et al., No. 2005 L051003 (Circuit Court of Cook County). The complaint alleged that the defendants failed to pay hotel
accommodations taxes as required by municipal ordinance. The complaint asserted claims for violation of that ordinance,
conversion, imposition of a constructive trust and demanded a legal accounting. It also sought damages, restitution,
disgorgement, fines, penalties and other relief in an unspecified amount. On June 21, 2013 and subsequently on June 28,
2013, the court entered an order and a supplemental order resolving the parties' pending cross motions for summary
judgment. The court denied the defendant online travel companies' motion for summary judgment and granted in part and
denied in part the city of Chicago's motion for summary judgment, holding the online travel companies liable for hotel
occupancy taxes. On May 7, 2015, the court granted in part and denied in part the city's motion for summary judgment on
damages and penalties. On October 27, 2015, the court entered final judgment in the city's favor. Expedia, Hotels.com and
Hotwire filed a notice of appeal on November 25, 2015. That appeal remains pending.
City of San Diego, California Litigation. On February 9, 2006, the city of San Diego, California filed an action in state
court against a number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com and Hotwire. City of San Diego v.
Hotels.com, L.P. et al., Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding No. 4472 (Superior Court for the County of San Diego).
The complaint alleged that the defendants failed to pay hotel accommodations taxes as required by municipal ordinance.
The complaint included claims for violation of that ordinance, for violation of Section 17200 of the California Business and
Professions Code, conversion, imposition of a constructive trust and declaratory judgment, and sought damages and other
relief in an unspecified amount. On September 6, 2011, the court granted the online travel companies' motion for judgment
granting writ of mandate, denied the city's motion for judgment, and held that the online travel companies are not liable for
hotel occupancy taxes. The city appealed. In the administrative hearing process preceding the lawsuit, the online travel
companies were held liable for hotel accommodations taxes, including assessments totaling $16.5 million for the Expedia
companies. On March 5, 2014, the California Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the online travel companies. The city filed a
petition for review by the California Supreme Court and, on July 30, 2014, the California Supreme Court accepted review.
The Court heard oral argument on September 29, 2016. On December 12, 2016, the California Supreme Court affirmed the
Court of Appeals’ decision, concluding that the defendant online travel companies do not operate hotels, and therefore, they
are not liable for hotel taxes. While not part of the court’s reasoning for its decision, the court commented that under the San
Diego ordinance hotel taxes would be due on amounts that hotels require online travel companies to charge consumers under
specific contractual rate parity clauses.
City of San Antonio, Texas Litigation. On May 8, 2006, the city of San Antonio filed a putative statewide class action
in federal court against a number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire, and Orbitz. See City
of San Antonio, et al. v. Hotels.com, L.P., et al., SA06CA0381 (United States District Court, Western District of Texas, San
Antonio Division). The complaint alleged that the defendants failed to pay hotel accommodations taxes as required by
municipal ordinance. The complaint asserted claims for violation of that ordinance, common-law conversion, and
declaratory judgment, and sought damages in an unspecified amount, restitution and disgorgement. On October 30, 2009, a
jury verdict was entered finding that defendant online travel companies "control hotels," and awarding approximately $15
million for historical damages against the Expedia companies. The jury also found that defendants were not liable for
conversion or punitive damages. On April 4, 2013, the court entered a final judgment holding the online travel companies
liable for hotel occupancy taxes to counties and cities in the statewide class. The online travel companies filed a motion for
judgment as a matter of law or, in the alternative, for a new trial. The cities filed a motion to amend the judgment regarding
calculation of penalties. On February 20, 2014, the court denied the online travel companies' motion. On January 22, 2015,
the court granted in part and denied in part the cities' motion regarding penalties. On April 11, 2016, the court entered an
amended judgment including approximately $68 million in tax, interest and penalty amounts for the Expedia companies,
including Orbitz. The online travel companies filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals on May 6,
2016. Plaintiffs filed a notice of cross appeal on May 12, 2016. Those appeals remain pending. On July 25, 2016, plaintiffs
filed a request for attorneys’ fees and costs in the trial court; the defendant online travel companies opposed that request and
it remains pending.
Nassau County, New York Litigation. On October 24, 2006, the county of Nassau, New York filed a putative statewide
class action in federal court against a number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire, and
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Orbitz. Nassau County, New York, et al. v. Hotels.com, L.P., et al., (United States District Court, Eastern District of New
York). The complaint alleged that the defendants failed to pay hotel accommodation taxes as required by local ordinances to
certain New York cities, counties and local governments in New York. The complaint asserted claims for violations of those
ordinances, as well as claims for conversion, unjust enrichment, and imposition of a constructive trust, and sought
unspecified damages. The county subsequently dismissed its case on May 13, 2011 on the basis that the court lacked
jurisdiction and refiled in state court. County of Nassau v. Expedia, Inc., et al., (In the Supreme Court of the State of New
York, County of Nassau). The defendants filed a motion to dismiss the refiled state court case. On June 13, 2012, the court
denied the online travel companies' motion to dismiss. On November 27, 2012, plaintiff filed a motion for class
certification. On April 11, 2013, the court granted plaintiff s motion for class certification. The online travel company
defendants appealed both the court's certification order and its prior order denying their motion to dismiss. On September
10, 2014, the New York Supreme Court Appellate Division reversed the trial court's order granting the plaintiff s motion for
class certification. In a separate opinion, the Appellate Division also affirmed in part and reversed in part the trial court's
denial of the online travel companies' motion to dismiss. On September 11, 2015, the parties filed cross motions for
summary judgment. On September 25, 2015, Erie County, Orange County, Rensselaer County and Saratoga County, New
York filed a motion seeking leave to intervene as plaintiffs in the lawsuit; the defendant online travel companies opposed the
motion. On February 23, 2016, the court granted the counties' motion to intervene. The defendants filed their notice of
appeal from the February 23, 2016 Order on April 26, 2016. On July 20, 2016, the court entered a stipulated order permitting
the addition of another group of taxing jurisdictions — the Counties of Chautauqua, Oswego, Steuben, Westchester, and the
City of Saratoga Springs — as Intervenor-Plaintiffs in the lawsuit and agreeing that these Intervenor-Plaintiffs will be bound
by the disposition of the defendants' appeal from the Supreme Court's February 23, 2016 Order granting intervention. On
December 2, 2016, the court granted defendants’ motion for summary judgment and denied plaintiff Nassau County’s
motion for summary judgment. The court concluded that the enabling statute for plaintiff’s tax ordinance did not impose a
tax on defendants’ fees. The court further invited defendants to file a successive motion for summary judgment against
intervenors Orange County, Rensselaer County, Saratoga County and Erie County on similar grounds. The court also
vacated its July 19, 2016 stipulation granting the Counties of Chautauqua, Oswego, Steuben, Westchester, and the City of
Saratoga Springs permission to intervene. On December 23, 2016, defendants filed a motion for summary judgment against
intervenors Orange County, Rensselaer County, Saratoga County and Erie County; that motion remains pending.
City and County of San Francisco, California Litigation. On May 13, 2008, San Francisco instituted an audit of a
number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire and Orbitz, for hotel occupancy taxes claimed
to be due from 2000 through the third quarter of 2007. During an administrative hearing process, the hearing examiner
upheld the tax assessments. Thereafter, the online travel companies proceeded to the California superior court to vacate the
decision of the hearing examiner and for a declaratory judgment that the online travel companies are not subject to San
Francisco's hotel occupancy tax. Expedia, Inc. v. City and County of San Francisco, ET. al.; Hotels.com, Inc. v. City and
County of San Francisco, ET. al.; Hotwire, Inc. v. City and County of San Francisco, ET. al., (Superior Court of the State of
California, County of San Francisco). San Francisco also filed a lawsuit against hotels in the city for the recovery of hotel
occupancy taxes on the online travel companies' services. The hotel suit was consolidated with the case relating to the online
travel companies. On June 19, 2009, the court granted the city's demurrer on the "pay first" issue relating to pay-to-play
provisions. Expedia and Hotwire's appeal of the "pay first" decision was denied, as was Hotels.com's appeal. The total
assessed amount paid by the Expedia companies was approximately $48 million. On February 6, 2013, the court held that
the online travel companies are not liable to remit hotel occupancy taxes to San Francisco. On October 10, 2013, the court
entered judgment in favor of the online travel companies. On December 9, 2013, San Francisco filed a notice of appeal. San
Francisco also has issued additional tax assessments against the Expedia companies in the amount of $22 million for the
time period from the fourth quarter of 2007 through the fourth quarter of 2011. These subsequent tax assessments are
pending before the court, and on August 24, 2013, the court held that these subsequent assessments against the online travel
companies as well as the lawsuit against the hotels should be stayed pending the appeal of San Francisco's first assessment.
On January 21, 2014, the city notified the Expedia companies that despite proceeding in court on its assessments that it now
intended to proceed against the Expedia companies in the administrative process to recover the assessment amount of $22
million. On May 14, 2014, the court heard oral argument on the Expedia companies' contest of the prepayment requirement
for the additional assessments and held that the Expedia companies were required to prepay in order to litigate the legality of
the assessments. On May 26, 2014, the Expedia companies paid $25.5 million under protest in order to contest the additional
assessments. In addition, Orbitz in total has paid $4.6 million to the city of San Francisco in prepayment of taxes to contest
these assessments issued against it by the city. The California Court of Appeals has lifted the stay for this case and the appeal
will proceed in light of the California Supreme Court’s decision in the San Diego litigation.
Pine Bluff, Arkansas Litigation. On September 25, 2009, Pine Bluff Advertising and Promotion Commission and
Jefferson County filed a class action against a number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Inc., Hotels.com,
Hotwire and Orbitz. Pine Bluff Advertising and Promotion Commission, Jefferson County, Arkansas, and others similarly
situated v. Hotels.com LP, et al. CV-2009- 946-5 (In the Circuit Court of Jefferson, Arkansas). The complaint alleged that
defendants have failed to collect and/or pay taxes under hotel tax occupancy ordinances. The court denied defendants'
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motion to dismiss. Plaintiffs filed a motion for class certification, which the court granted on February 19, 2013.
Defendants appealed the class certification decision, and on October 10, 2013 the Arkansas Supreme Court affirmed that
decision.
Town of Breckenridge, Colorado Litigation. On July 25, 2011, the Town of Breckenridge, Colorado brought suit on
behalf of itself and other home rule municipalities against a number of online travel companies, including Expedia,
Hotels.com, Hotwire and Orbitz. Town of Breckenridge, Colorado v. Colorado Travel Company, LLC, Case No.
2011CV420 (District Court, Summit County, Colorado). The complaint included claims for declaratory judgment, violations
of municipal ordinances, conversion, civil conspiracy and unjust enrichment. The online travel companies filed a motion to
dismiss. On June 8, 2012, the court granted in part and denied in part the online travel companies' motion to dismiss. On
March 26, 2014, the court denied the plaintiffs' motion for class certification. The parties filed cross-motions for summary
judgment and, on April 20, 2016, the court granted the online travel companies' motion for summary judgment, and denied
the town's motion for summary judgment, holding that the Breckenridge Accommodations Tax does not apply to the online
travel companies or the amounts they charge for their services. On June 8, 2016, the Town of Breckenridge filed a notice of
appeal from the court's order on the parties' cross motions for summary judgment, as well as the court's prior rulings denying
class certification and dismissing claims for state sales tax. On June 8, 2016, the Town of Breckenridge filed a notice of
appeal from the trial court’s order on the parties’ cross motions for summary judgment, as well as the trial court’s prior
rulings denying class certification and dismissing claims for state sales tax. On September 8, 2016, the Colorado Court of
Appeals dismissed the Town of Breckenridge’s appeal without prejudice for lack of a final appealable judgment on the
ground that the Town had failed to demonstrate that the trial court had disposed of claims against two non-online travel
company defendants. On September 22, 2016, the trial court granted the Town’s motion to dismiss one of the non-online
travel company defendants and entered final judgment for all other remaining defendants. On November 7, 2016, the Town
again filed notice of appeal. The appeal remains pending.
State of Mississippi Litigation. On December 29, 2011, the State of Mississippi brought suit against a number of
online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire and Orbitz. State of Mississippi v. Priceline.com, et al.,
Case No. G-2011-002211 (Chancery Court, Hinds County, Mississippi). The complaint included claims for declaratory
judgment, injunctive relief, violations of state sales tax statute and local ordinances, violation of Consumer Protection Act,
conversion, unjust enrichment, constructive trust, money had and received and joint venture liability. On March 23, 2012,
the defendant online travel companies filed a motion to dismiss. On September 20, 2012, the court denied the defendants'
motion to dismiss.
State of Kentucky Litigation. On July 15, 2013, the Department of Revenue, Finance and Administration Cabinet,
Commonwealth of Kentucky, filed a lawsuit in Kentucky state court against a number of online travel companies, including
Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire and Orbitz. Department of Revenue, Finance and Administration Cabinet, Commonwealth
of Kentucky, v. Expedia, Inc. et al., Case No. 13-CI-912 (Franklin Circuit Court, Commonwealth of Kentucky). The
complaint allege claims for declaratory judgment, injunctive relief, violations of state sales tax laws, breach of fiduciary
duty requiring an accounting, conversion, assumpsit for money had and received imposition of a constructive trust, damages
and punitive damages. On September 23, 2013, the defendant online travel companies filed a motion to dismiss, which the
court denied on January 15, 2014. On March 4, 2015, the plaintiff filed a motion for partial summary judgment on liability
issues. On April 10, 2015, the defendant online travel companies' filed an opposition and cross-motion for partial summary
judgment. On March 17, 2015, the court granted in part and denied in part the plaintiff s motion for summary judgment,
finding that the OTCs' compensation is subject to state sales tax but that Plaintiff’ s common law claims are preempted. The
court denied the OTCs' motion for partial summary judgment. On April 20, 2016, the court clarified its earlier order by
granting the OTCs' motion for summary judgment as to the plaintiff s common law claims. The parties reached a settlement
and, on January 31, 2017, the court entered an order dismissing the case.
Village of Bedford Park, Illinois Litigation. On April 5, 2013, a group of Illinois municipalities (City of Warrenville,
Village of Bedford Park, City of Oakbrook Terrace, Village of Oak Lawn, Village of Orland Hills, City of Rockford and
Village of Willowbrook) filed a putative class action in Illinois federal court against a number of online travel companies,
including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire and Orbitz. City of Warrenville, et al. v. Priceline.com, Incorporated, et al., Case
No. 1:13-cv-02586 (USDC, D. Ill., Eastern Division). The complaint sought certification of a class of all Illinois
municipalities (broken into four alleged subclasses) that have enacted and collect a tax on the percentage of the retail rate
that each consumer occupant pays for lodging, including service costs, denominated in any manner, including but not
limited to occupancy tax, a hotel or motel room tax, a use tax, a privilege tax, a hotel or motel tax, a licensing tax, an
accommodations tax, a rental receipts tax, a hotel operator's tax, a hotel operator's occupation tax, or a room rental, lease or
letting tax. The complaint alleged claims for relief for declaratory judgment, violations of municipal ordinances,
conversion, civil conspiracy, unjust enrichment, imposition of a constructive trust, damages and punitive damages. On July
8, 2013, the plaintiff municipalities voluntarily dismissed their federal court lawsuit and filed a similar putative class action
lawsuit in Illinois state court. City of Bedford Park, et al. v. Expedia, Inc., et al. (Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois,
Chancery Division). The online travel companies removed the case to federal district court. On September 13, 2013, the
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online travel companies filed a motion to dismiss plaintiffs' common law claims. On March 13, 2014, the court granted the
defendant online travel companies' motion and dismissed the plaintiffs' common law claims. On October 3, 2014, plaintiffs
filed a motion for class certification, which the court denied without prejudice on January 6, 2015. Plaintiffs filed a renewed
motion for class certification, which the court denied on September 28, 2015. The case proceeded only on the claims
brought by the individual plaintiff municipalities named in the suit. On February 1, 2016, the plaintiffs filed a motion for
summary judgment. On February 29, 2016, the defendant online travel companies filed a cross motion for summary
judgment. The Expedia and Orbitz defendants reached a settlement with one of the plaintiff municipalities -the city of
Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois and on March 4, 2016, those parties filed a stipulation for voluntary dismissal of the city's claims.
On June 20, 2016, the court granted the defendant online travel companies' motion for summary judgment as to 12 of the 13
plaintiff municipalities, finding no liability for occupancy taxes in those jurisdictions. The court granted the plaintiffs'
motion for summary judgment, and denied the defendants' motion, as to the Village of Lombard. On October 19, 2016, the
trial court entered a stipulated judgment on plaintiff Village of Lombard’s claims. The parties filed cross notices of appeal
from the trial court’s summary judgment ruling in November, 2016. These appeals remain pending.
State of New Hampshire Litigation. On October 16, 2013, the State of New Hampshire filed a lawsuit against a
number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire, Orbitz and Egencia. State of New Hampshire
v. Priceline.com, et al., Case No. 217-2013-CV-00613 (Merrimack Superior Court, New Hampshire). The complaint alleged
claims for declaratory judgment, injunctive relief, violation of state meals and room tax law, violation of Consumer
Protection Act, breach of fiduciary duty, accounting, conversion, unjust enrichment, assumpsit for money had and received,
civil conspiracy, and constructive trust. On December 23, 2013, the defendant online travel companies filed a motion to
dismiss, which the court granted in part and denied in part on June 30; 2014. On February 19, 2015, the plaintiff filed a
motion to amend its complaint. On May 5, 2015, the court issued an order denying the motion to amend except as to
"housekeeping changes." On May 27, 2015, plaintiff filed its amended complaint, which the Expedia defendants answered
on June 26, 2015. On December 21, 2015, the parties filed cross motions for summary judgment. The court heard oral
argument on the parties' motions on May 5, 2016. At the request of the Court, the Parties subsequently embarked on a
process designed to explore the possibility of agreement upon a Statement of Facts and, if there can be an agreement, to
prepare an Agreed Statement of Facts for submission to the Court on or before August 1, 2016. The court indicated that if
the parties were unable to agree, it would deny all pending motions and set the case for trial. The parties were unable to
agree on an Agreed Statement of Facts for submission to the Court by August 1, 2016. On August 1, 2016, the defendants
filed a motion for leave of court to submit a renewed motion for summary judgment as to the plaintiffs’ consumer protection
act claims. On October 3, 2016, the court denied the motion and scheduled a trial date of May 1, 2017.
Arizona Cities Litigation. Tax assessments were issued in 2013 by 12 Arizona cities (Apache Junction, Chandler,
Flagstaff, Glendale, Mesa, Nogales, Peoria, Phoenix, Prescott, Scottsdale, Tempe and Tucson) against a group of online
travel companies including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire and Orbitz. The OTCs petitioned for redetermination of the
assessments. On May 28, 2014, the Municipal Tax Hearing Officer granted the online travel companies' protests to the
assessments and ordered the cities to abate the assessments. On August 26, 2014, the cities appealed the Hearing Officer's
decision by filing complaints and notices of appeal against the online travel companies in Arizona Tax Court. (See, City of
Phoenix, et al. v. Expedia, Inc., Case No. TX2014-00471). On August 31, 2015, the cities filed a motion for summary
judgment. On September 30, 2015, the online travel companies filed a response to the cities' motion and their own cross
motion for summary judgment. On April 20, 2016, the Arizona Tax Court granted the plaintiff cities' motion for summary
judgment in part and denied it in part; the court also denied the defendant online travel companies' motion for summary
judgment. On June 6, 2016, the Arizona Tax Court entered judgment. On June 21, 2016, the plaintiff cities filed a motion to
amend or alter that judgment on the grounds that the court's ruling that the online travel companies do not owe past taxes
based upon prior administrative guidance should be reversed. The defendant online travel companies opposed the motion.
On October 17, 2016, the court denied the motion. On November 10, 2016, the plaintiff cities filed a notice of appeal. On
November 16, 2016, the defendants filed a notice of appeal. These appeals remain pending.
Village of Matteson, Illinois Litigation. On December 3, 2015, the Villages of Matteson, Bloomington and Oakbrook,
Illinois filed a lawsuit in Illinois state court against a number of online travel companies, including Expedia, Hotels.com,
Hotwire, Egencia and Orbitz. Village of Matteson, et al. v. Expedia, Inc. (WA), et al., Case No. 2015CHI7598 (Cook County
Chancery Court, State of Illinois). The complaint alleged claims for declaratory judgment, violation of municipal tax
ordinances, fraud, conversion, civil conspiracy, unjust enrichment, imposition of a constructive trust, breach of fiduciary
duty requiring an accounting, damages and punitive damages. On April 4, 2016, the defendant online travel companies filed
a motion to dismiss plaintiffs' common law claims. On July 29, 2016, the court granted the motion and dismissed plaintiffs’
common law claims.
State of Louisiana/City of New Orleans Litigation. On August 24, 2016, the State of Louisiana Department of
Revenue and the City of New Orleans filed a lawsuit in Louisiana state court against a number of online travel companies,
including Expedia, Hotels.com, Hotwire, Orbitz and Egencia. See Kimberly L. Robinson, Secretary of the Department of
Revenue for the State of Louisiana and City of New Orleans Department of Finance v. Priceline.com, Inc. et al., Case No.
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650894 (19th Judicial District Court, Parish of East Baton Rouge, Louisiana). The complaint alleged claims for declaratory
judgment, violation of state and city tax laws, unfair trade practices, breach of fiduciary duty, and imposition of a
constructive trust. On November 30, 2016, the defendant online travel companies filed a motion for judgment on the
pleadings seeking dismissal of plaintiffs’ common law and unfair trade practices claims. The court has scheduled a hearing
on that motion for February 13, 2016.
In addition, Orbitz is a party in the following proceedings:
State of Indiana Litigation. On March 3, 2009, Orbitz filed an appeal to Indiana Tax Court for review of the Indiana
Department of Revenue's assessment of hotel taxes against it. Orbitz, LLC v. State of Indiana, Case No. 49T10-0903-TA-10
(Indiana Tax Court 2009). Both Orbitz and the Department of Revenue filed cross motions for summary judgment on
August 2013. On December 20, 2016, the court granted Orbitz’s motion and denied plaintiff’s, holding that Orbitz was not
liable for tax.
In addition, HomeAway is a party in the following proceedings:
Palm Beach, Florida Litigation. On January 13, 2014, Palm Beach County, Florida filed a lawsuit in Florida state
court against HomeAway and other vacation rental listing businesses seeking tourist development taxes imposed by Palm
Beach County. Palm Beach County v. AirBnb, Inc., et al., Case No. 502014CA000428XXXXMBAO (15th Judicial Circuit
Court, Palm Beach County, Florida). On July 1, 2014, plaintiff filed an amended complaint. On September 16, 2014, the
defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. On December 12, 2014, the court denied the motion. On December 22,
2015, plaintiff filed its second amended complaint. On July 20, 2015, the defendants filed a motion for judgment on the
pleadings. On November 5, 2015, the court denied defendants' motion. The parties are in discovery, and the Court has set a
trial date of July 31, 2017.
Portland, Oregon Litigation. On October 21, 2015, the City of Portland, Oregon filed a lawsuit in federal district court
against HomeAway. City of Portland, Oregon v. Homeaway.com, Inc., et al., Case No. 3:15-cv-01984-MO (D. Or.). The
complaint alleges claims for declaratory judgment, injunctive relief, taxes and fines for alleged violations of the Portland
Transient Lodgings Tax ordinance, including alleged failures to register, collect and remit tax and display certain information in
advertisements and websites. On November 13, 2015, HomeAway filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. The court heard
oral argument on the motion on May 17, 2016. The court granted the defendants' motion to dismiss plaintiffs' claims, some
with prejudice and some without. On July 11, 2016, the City of Portland filed an amended complaint. HomeAway responded by
filing a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on August 5, 2016. The City of Portland opposed the motion. The court heard
argument on the motion on December 16, 2016 and the parties await a ruling.
The City of Portland amended its ordinance on short-term rentals, which took effect on January 20, 2017. On
January 19, 2017, HomeAway filed two lawsuits challenging the amended ordinance. The first was filed in federal district
court and sought a declaration that certain of the amendments violated the Communications Decency Act of 1996, the First,
Fourth, Fifth, and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution, the dormant commerce clause, and the Stored
Communications Act. HomeAway.com, Inc. v. City of Portland, Case No. 3:17-cv-00091 (U.S. District Court, District of
Oregon). HomeAway also sought to enjoin enforcement of the amended ordinance. In response to the lawsuit, the city
agreed to stay enforcement of the ordinance against HomeAway pending the court’s decision on HomeAway’s preliminary
injunction motion. The hearing on that motion is scheduled for March 20, 2017. The second lawsuit was filed in state court
and sought an injunction and declaration that the amended ordinance improperly seeks to impose transient lodging taxes on
HomeAway even though the imposition of such taxes is not authorized by the City Charter or the state transient lodging
statute applicable to localities. HomeAway.com, Inc. v. City of Portland, MCCC No. 17cv01894 (Multnomah County Circuit
Court).
Notices of Audit or Tax Assessments
At various times, the Company has also received notices of audit, or tax assessments from over 15 states or counties and
over 80 municipalities concerning our possible obligations with respect to state and local occupancy or other taxes.
Actions Filed by Expedia
Indiana State Sales Tax and County Innkeeper Tax Assessments. On March 2, 2009, Travelscape, LLC, Hotels.com
and Hotwire filed petitions in Indiana Tax Court appealing the final determination of the Indiana State Department of
Revenue and seeking to enjoin the collection of the tax. Travelscape, LLC v. Indiana State Department of Revenue, Cause
No. 49TJ 0-0903-TA-11; Hotels.com LP v. Indiana State Department of Revenue, Cause No. 49TJ 0-0903-TA-l 3; Hotwire,
Inc. v. Indiana State Department of Revenue, Cause No. 49Tl 0-0903-TA-l 2.
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Denver, Colorado Litigation. On February 3, 2012, the City and County of Denver's Hearing Officer issued a final
decision on tax assessments against the online travel companies. On March 7, 2012, the online travel companies filed a
timely notice of appeal and complaint in state court seeking relief under two separate procedural bases of appeal. Expedia,
Inc., et al. v. City and County of Denver, Colorado, et al. (Case No. 2012cv1446, District Court for the City and County of
Denver, Colorado). On March 12, 2013, the trial court held that the online travel companies are liable for hotel occupancy
taxes to the city and county of Denver, but held that taxes may not be collected for periods prior to April 2007 due to the bar
of the statute of limitations. Both the city and county of Denver and the online travel companies appealed from the trial
court's decision. On July 3, 2014, the Colorado Court of Appeals held that the online travel companies are not liable for
hotel occupancy taxes. On August 14, 2014, the City and County of Denver filed a petition for writ of certiorari seeking
discretionary review by the Colorado Supreme Court of the Court of Appeals' decision. On September 8, 2015, the Colorado
Supreme Court granted the petition. The Colorado Supreme Court heard argument on March 2, 2016 and the parties await a
ruling.
Minnesota Cities Litigation. In July 2015, the Minnesota Commissioner of Revenue assessed Travelscape, Hotels.com
and Egencia for local lodging taxes administered by the Commissioner that are imposed by the cities of Minneapolis
(including the Minneapolis Entertainment Tax), St. Paul and Rochester, Minnesota. On October 19, 2015, the Expedia
Companies filed an appeal from the orders of assessment with the Minnesota Tax Court. The parties reached a settlement
and, on January 11, 2017, the court dismissed the appeals, thereby ending the case.
State of Maine Litigation. In 2015, the Maine Revenue Services assessed the Expedia Companies, including
Travelscape, Hotels.com, Hotwire, and Orbitz for sales and use taxes. The Expedia Companies' requests for redetermination
of the assessments were declined. On May 13, 2016, the Expedia Companies filed their petitions for review of the
assessments with the Maine Superior Court. The parties have reached a settlement in principle.
Hawaii Tax Court Litigation (General Excise Tax). During 2013, the Expedia companies were required to “pay-to-
play” and paid a total of $171 million in advance of litigation relating to general excise taxes for merchant model hotel
reservations in the State of Hawaii. In September 2015, following a ruling by the Hawaii Supreme Court, the State of
Hawaii refunded the Expedia companies $132 million of the original “pay-to-play” amount. Orbitz also received a similar
refund of $22 million from the State of Hawaii in September 2015. The amount paid, net of refunds, by the Expedia
companies and Orbitz to the State of Hawaii in satisfaction of past general excise taxes on their services for merchant model
hotel reservations was $44 million. The parties reached a settlement relating to Orbitz merchant model hotel tax liabilities,
and on October 5, 2016, the Expedia companies paid the State of Hawaii for the tax years 2012 through 2015. The Expedia
companies and Orbitz have now resolved all assessments by the State of Hawaii for merchant model hotel taxes through
2015.
The Department of Taxation also issued final assessments for general excise taxes against the Expedia companies,
including Orbitz, dated December 23, 2015 for the time period 2000 to 2014 for hotel and car rental revenue for “agency
model” transactions. Those assessments are currently under review in the Hawaii tax courts.
Final assessments by the Hawaii Department of Taxation for general exercise taxes against the Expedia companies,
including Orbitz, relating to merchant car rental transactions during the years 2000 to 2014 are also under review in the
Hawaii tax courts. With respect to merchant model car rental transactions at issue for the tax years 2000 through 2013, the
Hawaii tax court held on August 5, 2016 that general excise tax is due on the online travel companies’ services to facilitate
car rentals. The court further ruled that for merchant model car rentals in Hawaii, the online travel companies are required to
pay general excise tax on the total amount paid by consumers, with no credit for tax amounts already remitted by car rental
companies to the State of Hawaii for tax years 2000 through 2013, thus resulting in a double tax on the amount paid by
consumers to car rental companies for the rental of the vehicle. The court, however, ruled that when car rentals are paid for
as part of a vacation package, tax is only due once on the amount paid by consumers to the car rental company for the rental
of the vehicle. In addition, the court ruled that the online travel companies are required to pay interest and certain penalties
on the amounts due. The Expedia companies intend to appeal, and will be expected to pay under protest the full amount
claimed due, or approximately $16.5 million, as a condition of appeal. The Hawaii tax court’s decision did not resolve
“merchant model” car rental transactions for the tax year 2014, which also remain under review.
Non-Tax Litigation and Other Legal Proceedings
Putative Class Action Litigation
Buckeye Tree Lodge Lawsuit. On August 17, 2016, a putative class action suit was filed in federal district court in the
Northern District of California against Expedia, Hotels.com, Orbitz, Expedia Australia Investments Pty Ltd. and trivago
relating to alleged false advertising. Buckeye Tree Lodge and Sequoia Village Inn, LLC v. Expedia, Inc., et al, Case No.
3:16-cv-04721-SK (U.S. District Court, Norther District of California). Plaintiff has not effected service of process as to
trivago. The putative class is comprised of hotels and other providers of overnight accommodations whose names appeared
32
on the Expedia defendants’ websites with whom the Expedia defendants did not have a booking agreement during the
relevant time period. The complaint asserts claims against the Expedia defendants for violations of the Lanham Act, the
California Business & Professions Code, intentional and negligent interference with prospective economic advantage, unjust
enrichment and restitution. On January 12, 2017, the court granted the Expedia defendants’ motion to dismiss plaintiff’s
claims for intentional and negligent interference with prospective economic advantage without prejudice.
Israeli Putative Class Action Lawsuit. In or around September 2016, a putative class action lawsuit was filed in the
District Court in Tel Aviv, Israel against Hotels.com. Silis v. Hotels.com, (Case No. 23241-09-16CA). The plaintiff generally
alleges that Hotels.com violated Israeli consumer protection laws in various ways by failing to calculate and display VAT
charges in pricing displays shown to Israeli consumers.
Cases against HomeAway.com, Inc. On March 15, 2016, a putative class action suit was filed in federal district court
in Texas against HomeAway.com, Inc. related to its recent implementation of a service fee. Arnold v. HomeAway.com, Inc.,
Case No. l-16-cv-00374 (U.S. District Court, Western District of Texas). The putative class is comprised of homeowners that
list their properties on HomeAway’s websites for rent. The complaint asserts claims against HomeAway for breach of
contract, breach of the duty of good faith and fair dealing, fraud, fraudulent concealment, and violations of the Texas
Deceptive Trade Practices Act, the California Consumer Legal Remedies Act, and the California Unfair Competition Law.
On April 15, 2016, another putative class action suit was filed against HomeAway, also related to the implementation of a
service fee. Seim v. HomeAway, Inc., Case No. 1:16- cv-00479 (U.S. District Court, Western District of Texas). The putative
class is comprised of homeowners that list their properties on HomeAway’s websites. The complaint asserts claims against
HomeAway for breach of contract, breach of the duty of good faith and fair dealing, fraud, fraudulent concealment, unjust
enrichment, and violations of the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act, the Kentucky Consumer Protection Act, and other
state consumer protection statutes. HomeAway moved to compel arbitration and dismissal in both of these cases on July 11,
2016; a hearing on both motions to compel took place on August 24, 2016. On January 10, 2017, the court denied
HomeAway’s motion in Arnold. On January 18, 2017, the court granted HomeAway’s motion in Seim and entered final
judgment dismissing the case. On February 2, 2017, Seim filed a notice of appeal. On June 23, 2016, another putative class
action was filed against HomeAway.com, Inc., also related to the implementation of a service fee. Brickman v. HomeAway,
Inc., Case No. 1:16-cv-00733 (U.S. District Court, Western District of Texas). This putative class is comprised of
homeowners from nine different states that list their properties on HomeAway's websites. The complaint asserts claims
against HomeAway for breach of contract, breach of the duty of good faith and fair dealing, fraud, fraudulent concealment,
unjust enrichment, restitution, and violations of various state consumer protection statutes. On October 28, 2016, Plaintiffs
filed an amended complaint dismissing certain named Plaintiffs and adding two new named Plaintiffs. On December 6,
2016, HomeAway filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, which plaintiffs opposed. The motion remains pending.
On November 7, 2016, another putative class action was filed against HomeAway.com, Inc., also related to the
implementation of a service fee. May v. Expedia, Inc., et al., Case No. 1:16-cv-01211 U.S. District Court, Western District
of Texas). The complaint asserts claims against HomeAway for breach of contract, fraud, fraudulent concealment, and
violation of the Oregon Unlawful Trade Practices Act. It also names Expedia as a defendant.
Other Legal Proceedings
HRC of San Francisco Litigation. On February 2, 2015, the Housing Rights Committee of San Francisco ("HRC") and
two individuals filed a lawsuit against HomeAway, Inc. alleging that HomeAway is liable for violations of Chapters 41 and
41A of the San Francisco Administrative Code, for allegedly renting, offering to rent, or allowing rentals of those properties.
Housing Rights Committee of San Francisco v. HomeAway, Inc., Case No. CGC-15-543932 (Superior Court of the County
of San Francisco, California). The plaintiffs also alleged that HomeAway "aids and abets" violations of the ordinances,
violates California's Unfair Competition Law, causes public and private nuisances, and breaches a landlord's covenant of
quiet enjoyment. On April 12, 2015, HomeAway demurred to the Complaint. HRC did not oppose the demurrer, but instead
filed an Amended Complaint. HRC was the sole plaintiff in the Amended Complaint. In response to this Amended
Complaint, HomeAway again filed a demurrer, which the trial court sustained. HRC appealed to the California Court of
Appeals. The appeal remains pending.
San Francisco, California Litigation. On July 12, 2016, HomeAway intervened in a pending lawsuit against the City
and County of San Francisco requesting a declaration that certain amendments to San Francisco’s administrative code
violate the Communications Decency Act of 1996, the First and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution, and the
Stored Communications Act. Airbnb and HomeAway.com, Inc. v. City and County of San Francisco, Case No. 3:16-
cv-03615 (U.S. District Court, Northern District of California). HomeAway also sought to enjoin enforcement of the
amendments. In response to the lawsuit, the City and County of San Francisco moved to stay the case to consider amending
the ordinance in response to the lawsuits. On July 19, 2016, the court granted the stay. The city amended its law again. On
September 6, 2016, HomeAway filed an amended complaint and motion for preliminary injunction to declare the new
amended law invalid. The city opposed the motion. On November 8, 2016, the court denied HomeAway’s motion for an
injunction but ordered the parties into settlement discussions. The parties are engaged in those proceedings.
33
Santa Monica, California Litigation. On September 2, 2016, HomeAway filed a lawsuit against the City of Santa
Monica requesting a declaration that certain sections of a Santa Monica ordinance violate the Communications Decency Act
of 1996, the Storage Communications Act, and the First, Fourth, and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution.
HomeAway.com, Inc. v. City of Santa Monica, Case Nos. 2:16-cv-6645-ODW-AFM; 2:16-cv-06641-ODW-AFM (U.S.
District Court, Central District of California). On the same day, HomeAway filed a motion for preliminary injunction,
seeking to enjoin enforcement of the ordinance. In response, the city requested a stay of proceedings to prepare and consider
amendments to the Ordinance to address the legal challenges raised by Plaintiffs’ actions. The court granted the city's motion
to stay the case until the effective date of any new Santa Monica ordinance. The city has passed an amended ordinance that
takes effect February 23, 2017.
Derivative Litigation
In Re Orbitz Worldwide, Inc. Consolidated Stockholder Litigation, Case No. 10711-VCP (Court of Chancery of the State
of Delaware). On April 8, 2015, an amended class action complaint was brought against Expedia, Inc. and Orbitz Worldwide,
Inc. relating to the merger agreement signed by the parties. Plaintiffs assert claims for breach of fiduciary duty by the Orbitz
Board of Directors and claims against Expedia for aiding and abetting in the Orbitz directors’ breach of their duties. Plaintiffs
specifically claim that the Orbitz Board breached their fiduciary duties by agreeing to an inadequate price for the transaction
and unreasonable deal protection devices. On May 20, 2015, Orbitz, its Board of Directors, and the plaintiffs entered into an
agreement in principle to settle the lawsuit. On August 29, 2016, plaintiffs filed a notice of dismissal and reserved their rights
to seek an award of attorneys’ fees.
Competition Reviews, Litigation and Legislation Regarding Parity Clauses
Over the last several years, the online travel industry has become the subject of investigations by various national
competition authorities ("NCAs"), particularly in Europe. Expedia is or has been involved in investigations predominately
related to whether certain parity clauses in contracts between Expedia entities and accommodation providers, sometimes also
referred to as "most favored nation" or "MFN" provisions, are anti-competitive.
In Europe, investigations or inquiries into contractual parity provisions between hotels and online travel companies,
including Expedia, were initiated in 2012, 2013 and 2014 by NCAs in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Sweden and Switzerland. While the ultimate outcome of some of these
investigations or inquiries remains uncertain, and Expedia’s circumstances are distinguishable from other online travel
companies subject to similar investigations and inquiries, we note in this context that on April 21, 2015, the French, Italian and
Swedish NCAs, working in close cooperation with the European Commission, announced that they had accepted formal
commitments offered by Booking.com to resolve and close the investigations against Booking.com in France, Italy and Sweden
by Booking.com removing and/or modifying certain rate, conditions and availability parity provisions in its contracts with
accommodation providers in France, Italy and Sweden as of July 1, 2015, among other commitments. Booking.com voluntarily
extended the geographic scope of these commitments to accommodation providers throughout Europe as of the same date.
With effect from August 1, 2015, Expedia waived certain rate, conditions and availability parity clauses in its agreements
with its European hotel partners for a period of five years. While Expedia maintains that its parity clauses have always been
lawful and in compliance with competition law, these waivers were nevertheless implemented as a positive step towards
facilitating the closure of the open investigations into such clauses on a harmonized pan-European basis. Following the
implementation of Expedia's waivers, nearly all NCAs in Europe have announced either the closure of their investigation or
inquiries involving Expedia or a decision not to open an investigation or inquiry involving Expedia. Below are descriptions of
additional rate parity-related matters of note in Europe.
The German Federal Cartel Office ("FCO") has required another online travel company, Hotel Reservation Service
("HRS"), to remove certain clauses from its contracts with hotels. HRS’ appeal of this decision was rejected by the Higher
Regional Court Düsseldorf on January 9, 2015. On December 23, 2015, the FCO announced that it had also required
Booking.com by way of an infringement decision to remove certain clauses from its contracts with German hotels.
Booking.com has appealed the decision and the appeal will be heard by the Higher Regional Court Düsseldorf on February 8,
2017.
The Italian competition authority's case closure decision against Booking.com and Expedia has subsequently been
appealed by two Italian hotel trade associations, i.e., Federalberghi and AICA. These appeals remain at an early stage and no
hearing date has been fixed.
On November 6, 2015, the Swiss competition authority announced that it had issued a final decision finding certain
parity terms existing in previous versions of agreements between Swiss hotels and each of Expedia, Booking.com and HRS to
be prohibited under Swiss law. The decision explicitly notes that Expedia's current contract terms with Swiss hotels are not
subject to this prohibition. The Swiss competition authority imposed no fines or other sanctions against Expedia and did not
find an abuse of a dominant market position by Expedia. The FCO’s case against Expedia’s contractual parity provisions with
34
accommodation providers in Germany remains open but is still at a preliminary stage with no formal allegations of wrong-
doing having been communicated to Expedia to date.
The Directorate General for Competition, Consumer Affairs and Repression of Fraud (the “DGCCRF”), a directorate of
the French Ministry of Economy and Finance with authority over unfair trading practices, brought a lawsuit in France against
Expedia entities objecting to certain parity clauses in contracts between Expedia entities and French hotels. In May 2015, the
French court ruled that certain of the parity provisions in certain contracts that were the subject of the lawsuit were not in
compliance with French commercial law, but imposed no fine and no injunction. The DGCCRF has appealed the decision.
Hotelverband Deutschland (IHA) e.V. (a German hotel association) brought proceedings before the Cologne regional
court against Expedia, Inc., Expedia.com GmbH and Expedia Lodging Partner Services Sàrl. IHA has applied for a ‘cease and
desist’ order against these companies in relation to the enforcement of certain rate and availability parity clauses contained in
contracts with hotels in Germany.
A working group of 10 European NCAs (Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Netherlands, Sweden and the UK) and the European Commission has been established by the European Competition Network
(“ECN”) at the end of 2015 to monitor the functioning of the online hotel booking sector, following amendments made by a
number of online travel companies (including Booking.com and Expedia) in relation to certain parity provisions in their
contracts with hotels. The working group has issued questionnaires to online travel agencies including Expedia, meta-search
sites and hotels in 2016, and is expected to report its results early in 2017.
Legislative bodies in certain countries have also adopted, or are proposing to adopt, new domestic anti-parity clause
legislation. On July 9, 2015, the French National Assembly adopted Article 133 of the Loi Macron ("Article 133") that seeks to
define the nature of the relationship between online reservation platforms and French hotels. Article 133 became effective on
August 8, 2015. Expedia considers that Article 133 was drafted ambiguously and can be interpreted in a way that violates both
EU and French legal principles. Therefore Expedia has submitted a complaint to the European Commission relating to Article
133. However, following the effective date, Expedia has been in contact with its hotel partners in France regarding the impact
of Article 133. Legislation banning certain parity provisions in contracts between online travel companies and Austrian
accommodation providers became effective on December 31, 2016. Expedia believes this legislation violates both EU and
Austrian legal principles and therefore, Expedia has submitted a complaint to the European Commission relating to this
legislation.
A legislative proposal to prohibit narrow price parity clauses in hotel-OTA agreements in Italy is still pending in the
Italian Senate and a motion requesting the Swiss government to take action on narrow price parity is currently under discussion
in the Swiss parliament. The Company is unable to predict whether these proposals in their current form or in another form will
ultimately be adopted and, if so, when this might be the case. It is not yet clear how any adopted domestic anti-parity clause
legislations and/or any possible future legislation in this area may affect Expedia’s business.
Outside of Europe, a number of NCAs have also opened investigations or inquired about contractual parity provisions in
contracts between hotels and online travel companies in their respective territories, including Expedia. A Brazilian hotel sector
association — Forum de Operadores Hoteleiros do Brasil — filed a complaint with the Brazilian Administrative Council for
Economic Defence (“CADE”) against a number of online travel companies, including Booking.com, Decolar.com and Expedia,
on July 27, 2016 with respect to parity provisions in contracts between hotels and online travel companies. On September 13,
2016, Expedia submitted its response to the complaint to CADE. Expedia recently resolved the concerns of the Australia and
New Zealand NCAs based on implementation of the waivers substantially similar to those provided to accommodation
providers in Europe on September 1, 2016 in Australia and on October 28, 2016 in New Zealand. Expedia is in ongoing
discussions with a limited number of NCAs in other countries in relation to its contracts with hotels. Expedia is currently
unable to predict the impact the implementation of the waivers both in Europe and elsewhere will have on Expedia's business,
on investigations or inquiries by NCAs in other countries, or on industry practice more generally.
The Company is unable to predict how any pending appeals of administrative decisions and the remaining open
investigations and inquiries by NCAs will ultimately be resolved, or whether further action in Europe will be taken as a result
of the ECN’s working group's assessment and findings (once published). Possible outcomes include requiring Expedia to
amend or remove certain parity clauses from its contracts with accommodation providers in those jurisdictions and/or the
imposition of fines.
It is not yet clear how any adopted domestic anti-parity clause legislations and/or any possible future legislation in this
area may affect Expedia’s business. Competition-related investigations, legislation or issues could also give rise to private
litigation. For example, Expedia is involved in private litigation in Germany related to its current contractual parity provisions
(see above). We are unable to predict how such litigation will be resolved, or whether it will impact Expedia’s business in
Germany.
35
Part I. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Part II. Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
Market Information
Our common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “EXPE.” Our Class B
common stock is not listed and there is no established public trading market. As of January 27, 2017, there were approximately
2,360 holders of record of our common stock and the closing price of our common stock was $122.00 on Nasdaq. As of
January 27, 2017, all of our Class B common stock was held by a subsidiary of Liberty Expedia Holdings.
The following table sets forth the intra-day high and low prices per share for our common stock during the periods
indicated:
Year ended December 31, 2016
Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter
Year ended December 31, 2015
Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter
Dividend Policy
$
$
High
Low
$
$
133.55
119.77
118.00
122.13
140.51
130.99
115.00
96.45
High
112.63
104.44
96.58
88.40
116.55
104.00
92.60
76.34
Low
In 2016 and 2015, the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, declared the following
dividends:
Year ended December 31, 2016:
Year ended December 31, 2015
Declaration Date
Dividend
Per Share
Record Date
Total Amount
(in thousands)
Payment Date
$
$
February 8, 2016
April 26, 2016
July 27, 2016
October 24, 2016
February 4, 2015
April 29, 2015
July 29, 2015
October 29, 2015
March 10, 2016 $
0.24
May 26, 2016
0.24
0.26
August 25, 2016
0.26 November 17, 2016
36,174
March 30, 2016
June 16, 2016
35,773
39,062 September 15, 2016
December 8, 2016
39,150
March 10, 2015 $
0.18
May 28, 2015
0.18
0.24
August 27, 2015
0.24 November 19, 2015
March 26, 2015
22,895
23,096
June 18, 2015
31,182 September 17, 2015
31,354 December 10, 2015
In February 2017, the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, declared a quarterly cash
dividend of $0.28 per share of outstanding common stock payable on March 30, 2017 to the stockholders of record as of the
close of business on March 9, 2017.
Declaration and payment of future dividends, if any, is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on,
among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements and surplus, financial condition, share dilution management,
legal risks, tax policies, capital requirements relating to research and development, investments and acquisitions, challenges to
36
our business model and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant. In addition, our credit agreement limits
our ability to pay cash dividends under certain circumstances.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
During the quarter ended December 31, 2016, we did not issue or sell any shares of our common stock or other equity
securities pursuant to unregistered transactions in reliance upon an exemption from the registration requirements of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
A summary of the repurchase activity for the fourth quarter of 2016 is as follows:
Period
October 1-31, 2016
November 1-30, 2016
December 1-31, 2016
Total
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
Average Price
Paid Per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs
Maximum
Number of
Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased
Under Plans or
Programs
(In thousands, expect per share data)
—
35
702
737
—
126.71
118.47
— $
35
702
737
7,998
7,963
7,261
In 2015, the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, authorized a repurchase of up to 10 million
outstanding shares of our common stock. As of December 31, 2016, 7.3 million shares remain authorized for repurchase under
the 2015 authorization. There is no fixed termination date for the repurchases.
Performance Comparison Graph
The graph shows a five-year comparison of cumulative total return, calculated on a dividend reinvested basis, for Expedia
common stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index, the RDG (Research Data Group) Internet Composite Index and the S&P 500.
The graph assumes an investment of $100 in each of the above on December 31, 2011. The stock price performance shown in
the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.
37
Part II. Item 6. Selected Financial Data
We have derived the following selected financial data presented below from the consolidated financial statements and
related notes. The information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of future results and should be read in conjunction
with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Data:
Revenue
Operating income
Net income from continuing operations(1)
Discontinued operations, net of taxes(2)
Net income attributable to Expedia, Inc.(1)
Earnings per share from continuing
operations attributable to Expedia, Inc.
available to common stockholders:
Basic
Diluted
Earnings per share attributable to
Expedia, Inc. available to common
stockholders:
Basic
Diluted
Shares used in computing earnings per
share:
Basic
Diluted
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Year Ended December 31,
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
(in thousands, except per share data)
$
8,773,564
461,702
$
6,672,317
413,566
$
5,763,485
517,764
$
4,771,259
366,060
$
4,030,347
431,724
261,285
—
281,848
722,748
—
764,465
372,950
—
398,097
216,358
—
232,850
302,979
(22,539)
280,171
$
$
$
$
1.87
1.82
1.87
1.82
$
$
5.87
5.70
5.87
5.70
$
$
3.09
2.99
3.09
2.99
$
$
1.73
1.67
1.73
1.67
150,367
154,517
130,159
134,018
128,912
133,168
134,912
139,593
2.26
2.16
2.09
2.00
134,203
139,929
0.96
Dividends declared per common share
$
1.00
$
0.84
$
0.66
$
0.56
$
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
December 31,
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
Working deficit
$ (2,676,947) $ (2,949,756) $ (1,263,283) $ (1,075,817) $
Total assets
Long-term debt
Non-redeemable non-controlling interest(3)
Total stockholders’ equity
15,777,546
3,159,336
1,560,802
15,485,675
3,183,140
65,373
5,693,103
4,929,767
9,012,299
1,738,548
109,462
1,893,729
7,734,689
1,244,620
113,521
2,258,985
(368,967)
7,126,796
1,243,395
109,129
2,389,388
___________________________________
(1) On May 22, 2015, we completed the sale of our 62.4% ownership stake in eLong, Inc. We recognized an after tax gain of
$395 million (or $509 million pre-tax gain) during 2015.
(2) On December 20, 2011, we completed the spin-off of TripAdvisor. Immediately prior to the spin-off, we effected a one-for-
two reverse stock split. In order to complete the spin-off, we were required to redeem the $400 million principal of our
8.5% senior notes due 2016, which were legally extinguished in the first quarter of 2012. Accordingly, the related debt
extinguishment losses was presented in discontinued operations for 2012.
(3) On December 16, 2016, our majority-owned subsidiary, trivago, completed its IPO. In conjunction with the IPO, Expedia
and trivago's founders entered into an Amended and Restated Shareholders' Agreement under which the original put/call
rights were no longer effective and, as such, we reclassified the redeemable non-controlling interest into non-redeemable
non-controlling interest on the consolidated balance sheet. See NOTE 12 — Redeemable Non-controlling Interests in the
notes to consolidated financial statements for further information.
38
Part II. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
Expedia, Inc. is an online travel company, empowering business and leisure travelers with the tools and information they
need to efficiently research, plan, book and experience travel. We have created a global travel marketplace used by a broad
range of leisure and corporate travelers, offline retail travel agents and travel service providers. We make available, on a stand-
alone and package basis, travel products and services provided by numerous lodging properties, airlines, car rental companies,
destination service providers, cruise lines, vacation rental property owners and managers, and other travel product and service
companies. We also offer travel and non-travel advertisers access to a potential source of incremental traffic and transactions
through our various media and advertising offerings on our transaction-based websites. For additional information about our
portfolio of brands, see the disclosure set forth in Part I, Item 1, Business, under the caption “Management Overview.”
All percentages within this section are calculated on actual, unrounded numbers.
Trends
The travel industry, including offline agencies, online agencies and other suppliers of travel products and services, has
historically been characterized by intense competition, as well as rapid and significant change. Generally, 2015 and 2016
represented years of continuing improvement for the travel industry. However, political instability, geopolitical conflicts, acts of
terrorism, significant fluctuations in currency values, sovereign debt issues and macroeconomic concerns are examples of
events that contribute to a somewhat uncertain environment, which could have a negative impact on the travel industry in the
future.
Online Travel
Increased usage and familiarity with the internet have driven rapid growth in online penetration of travel expenditures.
According to Phocuswright, an independent travel, tourism and hospitality research firm, in 2016, over 50% of U.S. and
European leisure, unmanaged and corporate travel expenditures occurred online. Online penetration rates in the emerging
markets, such as Asia Pacific and Latin American regions, are lagging behind that of the United States and Europe, and are
estimated to be in the range of 30% to 40%. These penetration rates have increased over the past few years, and are expected to
continue growing, which has attracted many competitors to online travel. This competition intensified in recent years, and the
industry is expected to remain highly competitive for the foreseeable future. In addition to the growth of online travel agencies,
airlines and lodging companies have aggressively pursued direct online distribution of their products and services. Competitive
entrants such as “metasearch” companies, including Kayak.com (owned by The Priceline Group), trivago (in which Expedia
owns a majority interest) as well as TripAdvisor, introduced differentiated features, pricing and content compared with the
legacy online travel agency companies, as well as various forms of direct or assisted booking tools, the impact of which is
currently uncertain. In addition, the increasing popularity of the “sharing economy,” accelerated by online penetration, has had
a direct impact on the travel and lodging industry. Players such as Airbnb and HomeAway (which Expedia acquired in
December 2015) have emerged as the leaders, bringing incremental alternative accommodation and vacation rental inventory to
the market. Many other competitors, including vacation rental metasearch players, continue to emerge in this space, which is
estimated to account for approximately $100 billion of annual travel spend and expected to continue to grow as a percentage of
the global accommodation market. Furthermore, we have seen increased interest in the online travel industry from search
engine companies as evidenced by recent innovations including direct booking functionality, as well as licensing deals and
proposed and actual acquisitions by companies such as Google. Finally, traditional consumer e-commerce and group buying
websites have been expanding their local offerings into the travel market by adding hotel offers to their sites.
The online travel industry has also seen the development of alternative business models and variations in the timing of
payment by travelers and to suppliers, which in some cases place pressure on historical business models. In particular, the
agency hotel model saw rapid adoption in Europe. Expedia has both merchant (Expedia Collect) and agency (Hotel Collect)
hotel offerings for our hotel supply partners and we expect our use of these models to continue to evolve, including through the
continued expansion of our ETP program, which offers travelers the choice of whether to pay Expedia at the time of booking or
pay the hotel at the time of stay.
Intense competition also historically led to aggressive marketing efforts by the travel suppliers and intermediaries, and a
meaningful unfavorable impact on our overall marketing efficiencies and operating margins. We manage our selling and
marketing spending on a brand basis at the local or regional level, making decisions in each market that we think are
appropriate based on the relative growth opportunity, the expected returns and the competitive environment. In certain cases,
particularly in emerging markets, we are pursuing and expect to continue to pursue long-term growth opportunities for which
our marketing efficiency is less favorable than that for our consolidated business, but for which we still believe the opportunity
39
to be attractive. The crowded online travel environment is now driving certain secondary and tertiary online travel companies
to establish marketing agreements with global players in order to leverage distribution and technology capabilities while
focusing resources on capturing consumer mind share.
In May 2015, Expedia sold its 62.4% equity stake in eLong for approximately $671 million to several purchasers
including Ctrip.com International, Ltd (“Ctrip”). Expedia and Ctrip also reached agreement on cooperation for certain travel
products in specified geographic markets. The transaction closed on May 22, 2015. Unless otherwise noted, all discussion in
the “Trends” and “Growth Strategy” sections refers to results for Expedia, Inc. excluding eLong.
Hotel
We generate the majority of our revenue through the facilitation of hotel reservations (stand-alone and package
bookings). Although our relationships with our hotel supply partners have remained broadly stable in the past few years, as part
of the global rollout of ETP, we reduced negotiated economics in certain instances to compensate for hotel supply partners
absorbing expenses such as credit card fees and customer service costs, which has negatively impacted the margin of revenue
we earn per booking. In addition, as we continue to expand the breadth and depth of our global hotel offering, in some cases we
have reduced and expect to continue to reduce our economics in various geographies based on local market conditions. These
impacts are due to specific initiatives intended to drive greater global size and scale through faster overall room night growth.
Additionally, increased promotional activities such as growing loyalty programs contribute to declines in revenue per room
night. Lastly, currency exchange rate fluctuations have had a negative effect on unit economics due to unfavorable book-to-stay
as well as translation impacts. Based on these dynamics, our average revenue per room night declined in each quarter of 2014,
2015, and 2016 and we expect it to remain under pressure in the future.
Since our hotel supplier agreements are generally negotiated on a percentage basis, any increase or decrease in ADRs has
an impact on the revenue we earn per room night. Over the course of the last several years, occupancies and ADRs in the
lodging industry have generally increased on a currency-neutral basis in a gradually improving overall travel environment.
However, U.S. dollar-denominated ADRs declined in 2016 due to the currency translation impact. Current occupancy rates
remain at record highs; however, U.S. hotel supply growth has been accelerating, which may put additional pressure on ADRs.
In international markets, hotel supply is being added at a faster rate as hotel owners and operators try to take advantage of
opportunities in faster growing regions such as China and India, among others. Companies like Airbnb have also added
incremental global supply in the alternative accommodations space. In addition, while the global lodging industry remains very
fragmented, there has been consolidation in the hotel space among chains as well as ownership groups. In the meantime, certain
hotel chains have been focusing on driving direct bookings on their own websites and mobile applications by advertising lower
rates than those available on third-party websites as well as incentives such as loyalty points, increased or exclusive product
availability and complimentary Wi-Fi. We have had success adding supply to our marketplace with over 350,000 properties on
our global websites as of December 31, 2016, including certain HomeAway vacation rental properties now available on other
Expedia, Inc. sites. In addition, our room night growth has been healthy, with room nights excluding eLong growing 24% in
2014, 36% in 2015, and 21% in 2016. ADRs for rooms booked on Expedia sites excluding eLong increased 3% in 2014,
declined 5% in 2015, and declined 1% in 2016. As a percentage of our total worldwide revenue in 2016, hotel accounted for
61%.
HomeAway
With our acquisition of HomeAway and all of its brands in December 2015, we have expanded into the fast growing $100
billion alternative accommodations market. HomeAway is a leader in this market and represents an attractive growth
opportunity for Expedia. HomeAway has been undergoing a transition from a listings-based classified advertising model to an
online transactional model that optimizes for both travelers and homeowner and property manager partners, with a goal of
increasing monetization and driving growth through investments in marketing as well as in product and technology. In addition,
HomeAway rolled out a traveler service fee in the United States and Europe during the first half of 2016, consistent with
market practice. The fee is expected to continue to contribute to HomeAway’s revenue growth and help fund marketing
investment, programs to better protect travelers and future growth initiatives. Furthermore, HomeAway moved to a single
subscription option globally in July 2016. As a percentage of our total worldwide revenue in 2016, HomeAway accounted for
8%.
Air
Significant airline sector consolidation in the United States in recent years has generally resulted in lower overall capacity
and higher fares, which combined with the significant declines in fuel prices led to record levels of profitability for the U.S. air
carriers, further strengthening their position. However, in 2015 and 2016, there has been evidence of discounting by the U.S.
carriers while currency headwinds and weaker macroeconomic trends put pressure on international results. Ticket prices on
Expedia sites excluding eLong declined 11% in 2015 and 6% in 2016 as short-haul traffic and low cost carriers grew alongside
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increasingly competitive airline pricing. We continue to encounter pressure on air remuneration as air carriers combine and as
certain supply agreements renew.
Air ticket volumes excluding eLong increased 35% in 2015 and 32% in 2016 primarily due to the acquisition of Orbitz.
As a percentage of our total worldwide revenue in 2016, air accounted for 9%.
Advertising & Media
Our advertising and media business is principally driven by revenue generated by trivago, a leading hotel metasearch site,
in addition to Expedia Media Solutions, which is responsible for generating advertising revenue on our global online travel
brands. In 2016, we generated a total of $807 million of advertising and media revenue representing 9% of our total worldwide
revenue, up from $564 million (excluding eLong) in 2015.
Growth Strategy
Product Innovation. Each of our leading brands was a pioneer in online travel and has been responsible for driving key
innovations in the space over the past two decades. Each Expedia technology platform is operated by a dedicated technology
team, which drives innovations that make researching and shopping for travel increasingly easier and help customers find and
book the best possible travel options. In the past several years, we made key investments in technology, including significant
development of our technical platforms that makes it possible for us to deliver innovations at a faster pace. For example, we
launched new global platforms for Hotels.com and Brand Expedia, enabling us to significantly increase the innovation cycle,
thereby improving conversion and driving faster growth rates for those brands. In 2013, Expedia signed an agreement to power
the technology, supply and customer service platforms for Travelocity-branded sites in the United States and Canada, enabling
Expedia to leverage its investments in each of these key areas. The shift of Travelocity-branded sites to the Expedia technology
platform was successfully completed over the course of 2014. In November 2014, Expedia completed the acquisition of Wotif
Group and subsequently converted the Wotif.com site to the Expedia platform. In January 2015, we acquired the Travelocity
brand and other associated assets from Sabre. The strategic marketing and other related agreements previously entered into
were terminated. In September 2015, Expedia completed the acquisition of Orbitz Worldwide, including all of its brands. The
migration of the Orbitz.com, CheapTickets.com and ebookers sites to the Expedia technology platform was completed in the
first half of 2016, and Orbitz for Business customers were migrated to the Egencia technology platform as of July 2016. In
December 2015, Expedia completed the acquisition of HomeAway, Inc., including all of its brands. We intend to continue
leveraging these investments when launching additional points of sale in new countries, introducing new website features,
adding supplier products and services including new business model offerings, as well as proprietary and user-generated
content for travelers. In addition, while we aim to drive the top-line growth in our global brands, we are managing our regional
brands, such as Travelocity, Orbitz.com, Wotif.com, ebookers and CheapTickets.com, with a greater focus on profitability.
Global Expansion. Our Expedia, Hotels.com, Egencia, and EAN brands operate both domestically and through
international points of sale, including in Europe, Asia Pacific, Canada and Latin America. In addition, ebookers offers multi-
product online travel reservations in Europe and Wotif Group includes a leading portfolio of travel brands, including
Wotif.com, Wotif.co.nz, lastminute.com.au, lastminute.com.nz and travel.com.au. Egencia, our corporate travel business,
operates in over 65 countries around the world and continues to expand. The HomeAway portfolio has over 50 vacation rental
sites all around the world. We own a majority share of trivago, a leading hotel metasearch company. Officially launched in
2005, trivago is one of the best known travel brands in Europe and North America. trivago continues to operate independently
and rapidly grow revenue through global expansion, including aggressive expansion in new countries. In December 2016,
trivago successfully completed its IPO and trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "TRVG." In addition,
we have commercial agreements in place with Ctrip and eLong in China, as well as Decolar.com, Inc. in Latin America. In the
2016, approximately 36% of our worldwide gross bookings and 43% of worldwide revenue were through international points
of sale compared to just 21% for both worldwide gross bookings and revenue in 2005. We have a goal of generating more than
two-thirds of our revenue through businesses and points of sale outside of the United States.
In July 2014, we completed the acquisition of Auto Escape Group, one of Europe’s leading online car rental reservation
companies. Auto Escape Group has joined with the CarRentals.com brand, allowing it to expand internationally to provide our
customers more choices across the globe and help our supply partners expand their marketing reach.
In November 2014, we completed the acquisition of Wotif Group, an Australian online travel company. Wotif Group adds
to our collection of travel’s most trusted brands and enhances our supply in the Asia-Pacific region, while allowing Expedia to
expose the Wotif Group to our world-class technology and its customers to our extensive global supply.
In January 2015, we acquired the Travelocity brand and other associated assets from Sabre. As a result of the acquisition,
the strategic marketing agreement previously entered into during 2013, which joined Travelocity’s strong brand with our best-
in-class booking platform, supply base and customer service, was terminated. Evolving this relationship strengthens Expedia,
Inc.’s ability to continue to innovate and deliver the best travel experiences to the widest set of travelers, all over the world.
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In March 2015, we completed the acquisition of an additional 25% equity interest of AAE Travel Pte. Ltd., the joint
venture formed between Expedia and AirAsia Berhad in 2011. This investment increases our total ownership in the venture to
75% and we consider this business to be a key part of our Asia Pacific strategy. Following the close of the transaction in March
2015, the financial results of the AirAsia Expedia venture are included in Expedia’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2015, Expedia and Decolar.com, Inc., the Latin American online travel company that operates the Decolar.com
and Despegar.com branded websites, announced that the two companies have expanded their partnership to include deeper
cooperation on hotel supply and a minority equity investment by Expedia. Building on the commercial relationship the two
companies have had since 2002, the expanded agreement broadens Expedia’s powering of Decolar’s hotel supply and
introduces the opportunity for Decolar to provide Expedia access to its hotel supply in Latin America. The customers of both
companies will benefit from the broad, shared selection of hotels, and hotel partners will gain increased access to travelers in
Latin America and around the world.
In September 2015, we completed the acquisition of Orbitz Worldwide, a leading global portfolio of travel brands and
business-to-business offerings. The addition of Orbitz Worldwide brings Expedia an attractive set of well-recognized brands
built by a talented team that is passionate about travel.
In December 2015, we completed the acquisition of HomeAway, which operates an online marketplace for the vacation
rental industry, with sites representing over one million online bookable listings of vacation rental homes in over 190 countries.
With Expedia’s expertise in powering global transactional platforms and our industry-leading technology capabilities, we are
partnering with our HomeAway brand to accelerate their shift from a classified marketplace to an online, transactional model to
create even better experiences for HomeAway’s global traveler audience and the owners and managers of its properties around
the world.
In expanding our global reach, we leverage significant investments in technology, operations, brand building, supplier
relationships and other initiatives that we have made since the launch of Expedia.com in 1996. Our scale of operations
enhances the value of technology innovations we introduce on behalf of our travelers and suppliers. We believe that our size
and scale afford the company the ability to negotiate competitive rates with our supply partners, provide breadth of choice and
travel deals to our traveling customers through an expanding supply portfolio and create opportunities for new value added
offers for our customers such as our loyalty programs. The size of Expedia’s worldwide traveler base makes our sites an
increasingly appealing channel for travel suppliers to reach customers. In addition, the sheer size of our user base and search
query volume allows us to test new technologies very quickly in order to determine which innovations are most likely to
improve the travel research and booking process, and then roll those features out to our worldwide audience in order to drive
improvements in conversion.
New Channel Penetration. Technological innovations and developments continue to create new opportunities for travel
bookings made through mobile devices, in addition to more traditional methods like desktop and laptop computers. In the past
few years, each of our brands made significant progress creating new mobile websites and mobile applications that are
receiving strong reviews and solid download trends, and some of our brands now see more traffic via mobile devices than via
traditional desktops. Mobile bookings via smartphones continue to present an opportunity for incremental growth as they are
often completed within one or two days of the travel or stay, which is a much shorter booking window than we had historically
experienced via more traditional online booking methods. In addition, we are seeing increasing cross-device usage among our
customers, who connect to our websites and apps across multiple devices and platforms throughout their travel planning
process. We also believe mobile represents an efficient marketing channel given the opportunity for direct traffic acquisition,
increase in share of wallet and in repeat customers, particularly through mobile applications. During the year ended
December 31, 2016, nearly one in three Expedia, Inc. transactions were booked globally on a mobile device.
Seasonality
We generally experience seasonal fluctuations in the demand for our travel products and services. For example,
traditional leisure travel bookings are generally the highest in the first three quarters as travelers plan and book their spring,
summer and winter holiday travel. The number of bookings typically decreases in the fourth quarter. Because revenue for most
of our travel products, including merchant and agency hotel, is recognized when the travel takes place rather than when it is
booked, revenue typically lags bookings by several weeks or longer. The seasonal revenue impact is exacerbated with respect to
income by the nature of our variable cost of revenue and direct sales and marketing costs, which we typically realize in closer
alignment to booking volumes, and the more stable nature of our fixed costs. Furthermore, operating profits for our primary
advertising business, trivago, are experienced in the second half of the year as selling and marketing costs offset revenue in the
first half of the year as we aggressively market during the busy booking period for spring, summer and winter holiday travel.
Additionally, trivago has historically earned a substantial portion of its operating profits in the fourth quarter. As a result on a
consolidated basis, revenue and income are typically the lowest in the first quarter and highest in the third quarter. The
continued growth of our international operations, advertising business or a change in our product mix, including the
assimilation and growth of HomeAway, may influence the typical trend of the seasonality in the future. We expect that as
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HomeAway continues its shift to more of a transaction-based business model for vacation rental listings its seasonal trends will
generally trend similar to our other traditional leisure businesses over time.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Critical accounting policies and estimates are those that we believe are important in the preparation of our consolidated
financial statements because they require that we use judgment and estimates in applying those policies. We prepare our
consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States (“GAAP”). Preparation of the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes requires that we make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements as well as revenue and expenses during the periods reported.
We base our estimates on historical experience, where applicable, and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under
the circumstances. Actual results may differ from our estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
There are certain critical estimates that we believe require significant judgment in the preparation of our consolidated
financial statements. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if:
•
•
It requires us to make an assumption because information was not available at the time or it included matters that were
highly uncertain at the time we were making the estimate; and
Changes in the estimate or different estimates that we could have selected may have had a material impact on our
financial condition or results of operations.
For more information on each of these policies, see NOTE 2 — Significant Accounting Policies, in the notes to
consolidated financial statements. We discuss information about the nature and rationale for our critical accounting estimates
below.
Accounting for Certain Merchant Revenue
We accrue the cost of certain merchant revenue based on the amount we expect to be billed by suppliers. In certain
instances when a supplier invoices us for less than the cost we accrued, we generally recognize those amounts as revenue six
months in arrears, net of an allowance, when we determine it is not probable that we will be required to pay the supplier, based
on historical experience and contract terms. Actual revenue could be greater or less than the amounts estimated due to changes
in hotel billing practices or changes in traveler behavior.
Loyalty Program Accruals
We offer certain internally administered traveler loyalty programs to our customers, such as our Hotels.com Rewards
program, our Brand Expedia Expedia+ rewards program and our Orbitz rewards program. Hotels.com Rewards offers travelers
one free night at any Hotels.com partner property after that traveler stays 10 nights, subject to certain restrictions. Expedia+
rewards enables participating travelers to earn points on all hotel, flight, package and activities made on over 30 Brand Expedia
websites. Orbitz Rewards allows travelers to earn OrbucksSM, the currency of Orbitz Rewards, on flights, hotels and vacation
packages and instantly redeem those Orbucks on future bookings at various hotels worldwide. As travelers accumulate points
towards free travel products, we record a liability for the estimated future cost of redemptions. The cost of these loyalty points
is recorded as a reduction to revenue in our consolidated financial statements. We determine the future redemption obligation
based on judgment factors including: (i) the estimated cost of travel products to be redeemed, and (ii) an estimated redemption
rate based on the overall accumulation and usage of points towards free travel products, which is determined through current
and historical trends as well as statistical modeling techniques. The actual future cost and rate of redemptions could differ
materially from our estimates.
Business Combinations
We assign the value of the consideration transferred to acquire a business to the tangible assets and identifiable intangible
assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of their fair values at the date of acquisition. Any excess purchase price over
the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. When determining the fair values of
assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to
intangible assets. Critical estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include but are not limited to future expected cash flows
from customer relationships and trade names, and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon
assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may
differ from estimates.
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Recoverability of Goodwill and Indefinite and Definite-Lived Intangible Assets
Goodwill. We assess goodwill for impairment annually as of October 1, or more frequently, if events and circumstances
indicate impairment may have occurred. In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, we typically first perform a qualitative
assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying
amount. If so, we perform a quantitative assessment and compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value. If the
carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and we
proceed to step two of the impairment analysis. In step two of the analysis, we will record an impairment loss equal to the
excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill over its implied fair value should such a circumstance arise.
Periodically, we may choose to forgo the initial qualitative assessment and perform quantitative analysis to assist in our annual
evaluation.
We generally base our measurement of fair value of reporting units on a blended analysis of the present value of future
discounted cash flows and market valuation approach. The discounted cash flows model indicates the fair value of the reporting
units based on the present value of the cash flows that we expect the reporting units to generate in the future. Our significant
estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: our weighted average cost of capital; long-term rate of growth and
profitability of our business; and working capital effects. The market valuation approach indicates the fair value of the business
based on a comparison of the Company to comparable publicly traded firms in similar lines of business. Our significant
estimates in the market approach model include identifying similar companies with comparable business factors such as size,
growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and assessing comparable revenue and operating income multiples in
estimating the fair value of the reporting units.
We believe the weighted use of discounted cash flows and market approach is the best method for determining the fair
value of our reporting units because these are the most common valuation methodologies used within the travel and internet
industries; and the blended use of both models compensates for the inherent risks associated with either model if used on a
stand-alone basis.
In addition to measuring the fair value of our reporting units as described above, we consider the combined carrying and
fair values of our reporting units in relation to the Company’s total fair value of equity plus debt as of the assessment date. Our
equity value assumes our fully diluted market capitalization, using either the stock price on the valuation date or the average
stock price over a range of dates around the valuation date, plus an estimated acquisition premium which is based on
observable transactions of comparable companies. The debt value is based on the highest value expected to be paid to
repurchase the debt, which can be fair value, principal or principal plus a premium depending on the terms of each debt
instrument.
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets. We base our measurement of fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets, which
primarily consist of trade name and trademarks, using the relief-from-royalty method. This method assumes that the trade name
and trademarks have value to the extent that their owner is relieved of the obligation to pay royalties for the benefits received
from them. This method requires us to estimate the future revenue for the related brands, the appropriate royalty rate and the
weighted average cost of capital.
Definite-Lived Intangible Assets. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets or asset groups to be used in
operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be
recoverable. Factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant adverse change in the extent or
manner in which an asset is used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value
of the asset, or a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, among others. If such facts indicate a potential
impairment, we would assess the recoverability of an asset group by determining if the carrying value of the asset group
exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets
over the remaining economic life of the primary asset in the asset group. If the recoverability test indicates that the carrying
value of the asset group is not recoverable, we will estimate the fair value of the asset group using appropriate valuation
methodologies, which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. Any impairment would be measured as the
difference between the asset groups carrying amount and its estimated fair value.
The use of different estimates or assumptions in determining the fair value of our goodwill, indefinite-lived and definite-
lived intangible assets may result in different values for these assets, which could result in an impairment or, in the period in
which an impairment is recognized, could result in a materially different impairment charge.
Income Taxes
We record income taxes under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect our estimation of the future
tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for book and tax purposes. We
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determine deferred income taxes based on the differences in accounting methods and timing between financial statement and
income tax reporting. Accordingly, we determine the deferred tax asset or liability for each temporary difference based on the
enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when we realize the underlying items of income and expense. We consider many
factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of our deferred tax assets, including our recent earnings experience
by jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income, and the carryforward periods available to us for tax reporting purposes,
as well as other relevant factors. We may establish a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount we believe
is more likely than not to be realized. Due to inherent complexities arising from the nature of our businesses, future changes in
income tax law, tax sharing agreements or variances between our actual and anticipated operating results, we make certain
judgments and estimates. Therefore, actual income taxes could materially vary from these estimates.
We record liabilities to address uncertain tax positions we have taken in previously filed tax returns or that we expect to
take in a future tax return. The determination for required liabilities is based upon an analysis of each individual tax position,
taking into consideration whether it is more likely than not that our tax position, based on technical merits, will be sustained
upon examination. For those positions for which we conclude it is more likely than not it will be sustained, we recognize the
largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the taxing
authority. The difference between the amount recognized and the total tax position is recorded as a liability. The ultimate
resolution of these tax positions may be greater or less than the liabilities recorded.
Other Long-Term Liabilities
Various Legal and Tax Contingencies. We record liabilities to address potential exposures related to business and tax
positions we have taken that have been or could be challenged by taxing authorities. In addition, we record liabilities associated
with legal proceedings and lawsuits. These liabilities are recorded when the likelihood of payment is probable and the amounts
can be reasonably estimated. The determination for required liabilities is based upon analysis of each individual tax issue, or
legal proceeding, taking into consideration the likelihood of adverse judgments and the range of possible loss. In addition, our
analysis may be based on discussions with outside legal counsel. The ultimate resolution of these potential tax exposures and
legal proceedings may be greater or less than the liabilities recorded.
Occupancy Tax. Some states and localities impose a transient occupancy or accommodation tax on the use or occupancy
of hotel accommodations. Generally, hotels collect taxes based on the rate paid to the hotel and remit these taxes to the various
tax authorities. When a customer books a room through one of our travel services, we collect a tax recovery charge from the
customer which we pay to the hotel. We calculate the tax recovery charge by applying the occupancy tax rate supplied to us by
the hotels to the amount that the hotel has agreed to receive for the rental of the room by the consumer. In all but a limited
number of jurisdictions, we do not collect or remit occupancy taxes, nor do we pay occupancy taxes to the hotel operator, on
the portion of the customer payment we retain. Some jurisdictions have questioned our practice in this regard. While the
applicable tax provisions vary among the jurisdictions, we generally believe that we are not required to pay such occupancy
taxes. We are engaged in discussions with tax authorities in various jurisdictions to resolve this issue. Some tax authorities have
brought lawsuits or have levied assessments asserting that we are required to collect and remit occupancy tax. The ultimate
resolution in all jurisdictions cannot be determined at this time. Certain jurisdictions may require us to pay tax assessments,
including occupancy and other transactional tax assessments, prior to contesting any such assessments.
We have established a reserve for the potential settlement of issues related to hotel occupancy taxes for prior and current
periods, consistent with applicable accounting principles and in light of all current facts and circumstances. A variety of factors
could affect the amount of the liability (both past and future), which factors include, but are not limited to, the number of, and
amount of revenue represented by, jurisdictions that ultimately assert a claim and prevail in assessing such additional tax or
negotiate a settlement and changes in relevant statutes.
We note that there are more than 7,000 taxing jurisdictions in the United States, and it is not feasible to analyze the
statutes, regulations and judicial and administrative rulings in every jurisdiction. Rather, we have obtained the advice of state
and local tax experts with respect to tax laws of certain states and local jurisdictions that represent a large portion of our hotel
revenue. Many of the statutes and regulations that impose hotel occupancy taxes were established before the emergence of the
internet and eCommerce. Certain jurisdictions have enacted, and others may enact, legislation regarding the imposition of
occupancy taxes on businesses that arrange the booking of hotel accommodations. We continue to work with the relevant tax
authorities and legislators to clarify our obligations under new and emerging laws and regulations. We will continue to monitor
the issue closely and provide additional disclosure, as well as adjust the level of reserves, as developments warrant.
Additionally, certain of our businesses are involved in occupancy tax related litigation, which is discussed in Part I, Item 3,
Legal Proceedings. Recent occupancy tax developments are also discussed below under the caption “Occupancy and Other
Taxes.”
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Stock-Based Compensation
Our primary form of employee stock-based compensation is stock option awards. We measure the value of stock option
awards on the date of grant at fair value using the appropriate valuation techniques, including the Black-Scholes and Monte
Carlo option-pricing models. We amortize the fair value over the remaining term on a straight-line basis. We account for
forfeitures as they occur. The pricing models require various highly judgmental assumptions including volatility and expected
option term. If any of the assumptions used in the models change significantly, stock-based compensation expense may differ
materially in the future from that recorded in the current period.
In addition, we classify certain employee option awards as liabilities when we deem it not probable that the employees
holding the awards will bear the risk and rewards of stock ownership for a reasonable period of time. Such options are revalued
at the end of each reporting period and upon settlement our total compensation expense recorded from grant date to settlement
date will equal the settlement amount.
New Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of new accounting pronouncements, see NOTE 2 — Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to
consolidated financial statements.
Occupancy and Other Taxes
We are currently involved in twenty lawsuits brought by or against states, cities and counties over issues involving the
payment of hotel occupancy and other taxes. We continue to defend these lawsuits vigorously. With respect to the principal
claims in these matters, we believe that the statutes and ordinances at issue do not apply to the services we provide, namely the
facilitation of hotel reservations, and, therefore, that we do not owe the taxes that are claimed to be owed. We believe that the
statutes and ordinances at issue generally impose occupancy and other taxes on entities that own, operate or control hotels (or
similar businesses) or furnish or provide hotel rooms or similar accommodations.
Recent developments include:
•
•
•
•
City of San Diego, California Litigation. On December 12, 2016, the California Supreme Court affirmed the Court
of Appeals’ decision, concluding that the defendant online travel companies do not operate hotels, and therefore
they are not liable for hotel taxes. As a result of this decision, the California Court of Appeals has lifted the stays
for the City of Los Angeles Litigation and City of San Diego Litigation and these cases will proceed in light of this
decision. While not part of the court’s reasoning for its decision, the court commented that under the San Diego
ordinance hotel taxes would be due on amounts that hotels require online travel companies to charge consumers
under specific contractual rate parity clauses.
Nassau County, New York Litigation. On December 2, 2016, the court granted the defendant online travel
companies’ motion for summary judgment and rejected Nassau County’s attempt to tax the amounts the defendants
charge for their services.
State of Kentucky Litigation. The parties reached a settlement and, on January 31, 2017, the court entered an order
dismissing the case.
State of Indiana Litigation. On December 20, 2016, the Indiana Tax Court held that tax assessments against Orbitz
were issued in error as a matter of law.
• Minnesota Cities Litigation. The parties reached a settlement and, on January 11, 2017, the court dismissed the
appeals filed by certain Expedia companies, thereby ending the case.
•
State of Maine Litigation. The parties have reached a settlement in principle.
For additional information on these and other legal proceedings, see Part I, Item 3, Legal Proceedings.
We have established a reserve for the potential settlement of issues related to hotel occupancy and other tax litigation,
consistent with applicable accounting principles and in light of all current facts and circumstances, in the amount of $71 million
as of December 31, 2016 and $43 million as of December 31, 2015.
Certain jurisdictions, including the states of New York, North Carolina, Minnesota, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Maryland,
the city of New York, and the District of Columbia, have enacted legislation seeking to tax online travel company services as
part of sales taxes for hotel occupancy. We are currently remitting taxes to a number of jurisdictions, including to the states of
New York, South Carolina, North Carolina, Minnesota, Georgia, Wyoming, Oregon, Rhode Island, Montana, and Maryland, the
District of Columbia and the city of New York, as well as certain other county and local jurisdictions.
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Pay-to-Play
Certain jurisdictions may require us to pay tax assessments prior to contesting any such assessments. This requirement is
commonly referred to as “pay-to-play.” Payment of these amounts is not an admission that we believe we are subject to such
taxes and, even when such payments are made, we continue to defend our position vigorously.
Hawaii (General Excise Tax). During 2013, the Expedia companies were required to “pay-to-play” and paid a total of
$171 million in advance of litigation relating to general excise taxes for merchant model hotel reservations in the State of
Hawaii. In September 2015, following a ruling by the Hawaii Supreme Court, the State of Hawaii refunded the Expedia
companies $132 million of the original “pay-to-play” amount. As we had previously expensed the pay-to-play payments in
prior periods, we recognized a gain in legal reserves, occupancy tax and other during the third quarter of 2015 related to this
matter. Orbitz also received a similar refund of $22 million from the State of Hawaii in September 2015. The amount paid,
net of refunds, by the Expedia companies and Orbitz to the State of Hawaii in satisfaction of past general excise taxes on
their services for merchant model hotel reservations was $44 million. The parties reached a settlement relating to Orbitz
merchant model hotel tax liabilities, and on October 5, 2016, the Expedia companies paid the State of Hawaii for the tax
years 2012 through 2015. The Expedia companies and Orbitz have now resolved all assessments by the State of Hawaii for
merchant model hotel taxes through 2015.
The Department of Taxation also issued final assessments for general excise taxes against the Expedia companies,
including Orbitz, dated December 23, 2015 for the time period 2000 to 2014 for hotel and car rental revenue for “agency
model” transactions. Those assessments are currently under review in the Hawaii tax courts.
Final assessments by the Hawaii Department of Taxation for general exercise taxes against the Expedia companies,
including Orbitz, relating to merchant car rental transactions during the years 2000 to 2014 are also under review in the Hawaii
tax courts. With respect to merchant model car rental transactions at issue for the tax years 2000 through 2013, the Hawaii tax
court held on August 5, 2016 that general excise tax is due on the online travel companies’ services to facilitate car rentals. The
court further ruled that for merchant model car rentals in Hawaii, the online travel companies are required to pay general excise
tax on the total amount paid by consumers, with no credit for tax amounts already remitted by car rental companies to the State
of Hawaii for tax years 2000 through 2013, thus resulting in a double tax on the amount paid by consumers to car rental
companies for the rental of the vehicle. The court, however, ruled that when car rentals are paid for as part of a vacation
package, tax is only due once on the amount paid by consumers to the car rental company for the rental of the vehicle. In
addition, the court ruled that the online travel companies are required to pay interest and certain penalties on the amounts due.
The Expedia companies intend to appeal, and will be expected to pay under protest the full amount claimed due, or
approximately $16.5 million, as a condition of appeal. The Hawaii tax court’s decision did not resolve “merchant model” car
rental transactions for the tax year 2014, which also remain under review.
San Francisco. During 2009, we were required to “pay-to-play” and paid $48 million in advance of litigation relating to
occupancy tax proceedings with the city of San Francisco. The city of San Francisco subsequently issued additional
assessments of tax, penalties and interest for the time period from the fourth quarter of 2007 through the fourth quarter of 2011
against the online travel companies, including against certain Expedia companies. The additional assessments, including the
prepayment of such assessments, were contested by the Expedia companies on the basis that the court has already ruled that
taxes are not due from the online travel companies and that binding precedent by the California Court of Appeals precludes the
city’s claim for taxes. On May 14, 2014, the court heard oral argument on the Expedia companies’ contest of the prepayment
requirement for the additional assessments and held that the Expedia companies were required to prepay in order to litigate the
legality of the assessments. On May 26, 2014, the Expedia companies paid $25.5 million under protest in order to contest the
additional assessments. The additional assessments were expensed during the second quarter of 2014. In addition, Orbitz in
total has paid $4.6 million to the city of San Francisco in prepayment of taxes to contest these assessments issued against it by
the city. On August 6, 2014, the California Court of Appeals stayed this case pending review and decision by the California
Supreme Court of the City of San Diego, California Litigation. The stay is now lifted and the appeal will proceed in light of the
California Supreme Court’s decision in the San Diego litigation.
Other Jurisdictions. We are also in various stages of inquiry or audit with domestic and foreign tax authorities, some of
which, including in the United Kingdom regarding the application of value added tax (“VAT”) to our European Union related
transactions, impose a pay-to-play requirement to challenge an adverse inquiry or audit result in court.
If we prevail in the litigation, for which a pay-to-play payment was made, the jurisdiction collecting the payment will be
required to repay such amounts and also may be required to pay interest. However, any significant pay-to-play payment or
litigation loss could negatively impact our liquidity.
47
Segments
We have four reportable segments: Core OTA, trivago, Egencia and HomeAway upon its acquisition on December 15,
2015. In addition, eLong was a reportable segment through its disposal on May 22, 2015. Our Core OTA segment provides a
full range of travel and advertising services to our worldwide customers through a variety of brands including: Expedia.com
and Hotels.com in the United States and localized Expedia and Hotels.com websites throughout the world, Orbitz.com, Expedia
Affiliate Network, Hotwire.com, Travelocity, Wotif Group, CarRentals.com, and Classic Vacations. Our trivago segment
generates advertising revenue primarily from sending referrals to online travel companies and travel service providers from its
hotel metasearch websites. Our Egencia segment, which also includes Orbitz for Business, provides managed travel services to
corporate customers worldwide. Our HomeAway segment operates an online marketplace for the vacation rental industry.
Operating Metrics
Our operating results are affected by certain metrics, such as gross bookings and revenue margin, which we believe are
necessary for understanding and evaluating us. Gross bookings represent the total retail value of transactions booked for both
agency and merchant transactions, recorded at the time of booking reflecting the total price due for travel by travelers,
including taxes, fees and other charges, and are generally reduced for cancellations and refunds. As travelers have increased
their use of the internet to book travel arrangements, we have generally seen our gross bookings increase, reflecting the growth
in the online travel industry, our organic market share gains and our business acquisitions. Revenue margin is defined as
revenue as a percentage of gross bookings.
Gross Bookings and Revenue Margin
Gross Bookings
Core OTA
trivago(1)
Egencia
HomeAway(2)
eLong(3)
Total gross bookings
Revenue Margin
Core OTA
trivago(1)
Egencia
HomeAway(2)
eLong(3)
Total revenue margin
Year ended December 31,
2015
2016
($ in millions)
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
% Change
$
$
66,063
—
6,368
—
—
72,431
$
$
54,252
—
5,427
—
1,151
60,830
$
$
42,869
—
5,149
—
2,429
50,447
22%
N/A
17%
N/A
N/A
19%
27%
N/A
5%
N/A
N/A
21%
10.7%
N/A
7.3%
N/A
N/A
12.1%
10.8%
N/A
7.4%
N/A
3.6%
11.0%
11.4%
N/A
7.8%
N/A
7.3%
11.4%
___________________________________
(1)
trivago, which is comprised of a hotel metasearch business that differs from our transaction-based websites, does not
have associated gross bookings or revenue margin. However, third-party revenue from trivago is included in revenue
used to calculate total revenue margin.
Gross bookings from HomeAway, our online marketplace for the vacation rental industry acquired in December 2015,
are also currently excluded from the above total gross bookings. Revenue from HomeAway is included in revenue used
to calculate total revenue margin. We have been in the process of determining comparable on-platform gross bookings
and plan to begin disclosing this metric along with the historical comparable information in the first quarter of 2017.
Includes results for eLong through its disposal on May 22, 2015.
(2)
(3)
The increase in worldwide gross bookings in 2016 as compared to 2015 was primarily driven by the inorganic impact
from acquisitions of 13% and growth in the Core OTA segment, including growth at Brand Expedia and Hotels.com, as well as
in Egencia. The increase in worldwide gross bookings in 2015 as compared to 2014 was primarily driven by growth in the Core
OTA segment, including strong performance at Brand Expedia and Hotels.com. Acquisitions added approximately 10% of
inorganic gross bookings growth for 2015, excluding Travelocity due to the previously implemented commercial agreement.
Revenue margin increased in 2016 as compared to 2015 primarily due to the inclusion of HomeAway revenue without the
additional gross bookings as well as the favorable impact of lower air ticket prices and a mix shift to higher margin products,
48
including advertising and media revenue. These impacts were partially offset by the inclusion of a higher share of lower margin
air gross bookings with the acquisition of Orbitz and lower revenue per room night. Revenue margin decreased in 2015
compared to 2014 primarily due to lower revenue per room night. These impacts were partially offset by a favorable impact of
lower air ticket prices and a mix shift to higher margin products, including advertising and media revenue.
Results of Operations
On May 22, 2015, we completed the sale of our 62.4% ownership stake in eLong. The below discussion of the results of
operations for 2015 include results for eLong through its disposal on May 22, 2015. Operating expense tables below present
total expenses including eLong for the prior year periods as well as eLong specific amounts included within the consolidated
total.
On September 17, 2015, we completed our acquisition of Orbitz. Orbitz was consolidated into our results of operations
starting on the acquisition date and we recognized $196 million in revenue and $163 million in operating losses, including
restructuring charges of $92 million as well as fees related to the acquisition, from the acquisition date to December 31, 2015.
On December 15, 2015, we completed our acquisition of HomeAway. HomeAway was consolidated into our results of
operations starting on the acquisition date and we recognized $20 million in revenue and $14 million in operating loss,
including fees related to the acquisition, from the acquisition date to December 31, 2015.
Revenue
Revenue by Segment
Core OTA
trivago (Third-party revenue)
Egencia
HomeAway
eLong
Total revenue
Year ended December 31,
2015
2016
($ in millions)
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
% Change
$
$
7,084
539
462
689
—
8,774
$
$
5,877
333
400
20
42
6,672
$
$
4,904
281
400
—
178
5,763
21%
62%
16%
N/A
N/A
31%
20%
19%
0%
N/A
N/A
16%
In 2016, revenue increased primarily driven by 19% of inorganic impact from acquisitions, growth in the Core OTA
segment, including growth at Brand Expedia and Hotels.com, as well as growth at trivago. In 2015, revenue increased primarily
due to growth in the Core OTA segment, including strong performance at Brand Expedia, Hotels.com and EAN as well as
growth at trivago, partially offset by a decrease in revenue due to the sale of eLong. Acquisitions added approximately 8% to
the year-over-year growth rate in total revenue for 2015.
Worldwide hotel revenue increased 15% (16% excluding eLong) in 2016 primarily due to a 12% (21% excluding eLong)
increase in room nights stayed driven by the inorganic impact of acquisitions as well as organic growth in Hotels.com, Brand
Expedia and EAN, and a 3% increase (4% decrease excluding eLong) in revenue per room night in 2016. Absent eLong,
revenue per room night decreased primarily due to margin reductions aimed at expanding the size and availability of our global
hotel supply portfolio, unfavorable foreign exchange translation impacts as well as increased promotional activities such as
growing loyalty programs. Absent impacts due to the sale of eLong, ADRs decreased by 1% primarily due to an unfavorable
foreign exchange translation impact. Acquisitions added approximately 7% of inorganic hotel revenue growth in 2016 and 6%
of room night growth. Worldwide hotel revenue increased 14% (17% excluding eLong) in 2015 primarily due to a 19% (36%
excluding eLong) increase in room nights stayed driven by the inorganic impact of acquisitions as well as the healthy growth in
Hotels.com and Brand Expedia, partially offset by a 4% decrease (14% excluding eLong) in revenue per room night in 2015.
Absent eLong, revenue per room night decreased primarily due to strategic margin reductions aimed at expanding the size and
availability of our global hotel supply portfolio, an unfavorable foreign exchange impact, both in translation and in book-to-
stay, as well as increased promotional activities such as growing loyalty programs. Absent impacts due to the sale of eLong,
ADRs decreased by 5% primarily due to an unfavorable foreign exchange translation impact. Acquisitions added
approximately 6% of inorganic hotel revenue growth in 2015 and 7% of room night growth.
Worldwide air revenue increased 37% (39% excluding eLong) in 2016 due to a 29% (32% excluding eLong) increase in
air tickets sold and a 6% (5% excluding eLong) increase in revenue per air ticket, driven by new contractual agreements and
the addition of Orbitz. Acquisitions added approximately 28% of inorganic air revenue growth in 2016 and 21% of air ticket
49
growth. Worldwide air revenue increased 21% (25% excluding eLong) in 2015 due to a 28% (35% excluding eLong) increase
in air tickets sold, partially offset by a 6% (7% excluding eLong) decrease in revenue per air ticket. Acquisitions added
approximately 18% of inorganic air revenue growth in 2015 and 15% of air ticket growth.
The remaining worldwide revenue, other than hotel and air discussed above, which includes advertising and media, car
rental, destination services, fees related to our corporate travel business and HomeAway revenue, increased by 79% in 2016 and
19% in 2015 primarily due to the acquisition of HomeAway and strong growth in advertising and media revenue as well as
growth in our travel insurance and car rental products, including an inorganic contribution from Orbitz.
In addition to the above segment and product revenue discussion, our revenue by business model is as follows:
Revenue by Business Model
Merchant
Agency
Advertising and media(1)
HomeAway
Total revenue
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
($ in millions)
$
$
4,852
2,425
807
689
8,774
$
$
4,204
1,882
566
20
6,672
$
$
3,749
1,535
479
—
5,763
15%
29%
43%
N/A
31%
12%
23%
18%
N/A
16%
___________________________________
(1)
Includes third-party revenue from trivago as well as our transaction-based websites.
The increase in merchant revenue in 2016 and 2015 was primarily due to the increase in merchant hotel revenue driven
by an increase in room nights stayed. The increase in agency revenue in 2016 and 2015 was primarily due to the growth in
agency hotel and air. The increase in advertising and media revenue in 2016 and 2015 was primarily due to continued growth in
trivago and Expedia Media Solutions.
Cost of Revenue
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
Customer operations
Credit card processing
Data center and other
Total cost of revenue(1)
% of revenue
(1)
Includes the following eLong amounts:
727
508
362
1,597
($ in millions)
569
$
451
290
1,310
$
18.2%
— $
19.6%
37
$
$
$
$
$
$
536
414
229
1,179
20.5%
58
28%
13%
25%
22%
N/A
6%
9%
26%
11%
N/A
Cost of revenue primarily consists of (1) customer operations, including our customer support and telesales as well as
fees to air ticket fulfillment vendors, (2) credit card processing, including merchant fees, fraud and chargebacks, and (3) other
costs, primarily including data center costs to support our websites, supplier operations, destination supply, and stock-based
compensation.
In 2016, the increase in cost of revenue expense was driven by $158 million of increased customer operations expenses,
$72 million of higher data center and other costs, as well as $57 million of higher net credit card processing costs related to
growth of our merchant bookings. Acquisitions added approximately 18% of year-on-year cost of revenue growth for 2016.
In 2015, the increase in cost of revenue expense was driven by $61 million of higher data center and other costs as well
as $37 million of higher net credit card processing costs related to growth of our merchant bookings partially offset by a
decrease in fraud and chargeback expenses. In addition, customer operation expenses increased $33 million to support volume
growth across the Company. Acquisitions added approximately 8% of year-on-year cost of revenue growth for 2015.
50
Selling and Marketing
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
Direct costs
Indirect costs
Total selling and marketing(1)
% of revenue
(1)
Includes the following eLong amounts:
3,530
837
4,367
($ in millions)
2,718
$
663
3,381
$
49.8%
50.7%
— $
54
$
$
$
$
$
$
2,256
552
2,808
48.7%
124
30%
26%
29%
20%
20%
20%
N/A
N/A
Selling and marketing expense primarily relates to direct costs, including traffic generation costs from search engines and
internet portals, television, radio and print spending, private label and affiliate program commissions, public relations and other
costs. The remainder of the expense relates to indirect costs, including personnel and related overhead in our various brands
and global supply organization as well as stock-based compensation costs.
Selling and marketing expenses increased $986 million during 2016 compared to 2015 driven by an increase of $812
million of direct costs, including online and offline marketing expenses. trivago, Brand Expedia and Hotels.com as well as the
added costs from our acquisitions of HomeAway and Orbitz accounted for the majority of the total direct cost increases. In
addition, higher indirect costs of $174 million also contributed to the increase and were driven by additional personnel due to
an accelerated pace of hiring in the lodging supply organization in the first half of the year and additional headcount at
HomeAway and Orbitz. Acquisitions added approximately 14% of year-on-year selling and marketing growth for 2016.
Selling and marketing expenses increased $573 million during 2015 compared to 2014 driven by an increase of $462
million of direct costs, including online and offline marketing expenses. Brand Expedia, trivago, Hotels.com and Hotwire
accounted for the majority of the total direct cost increase. In addition, higher personnel expenses of $111 million also
contributed to the increase and were driven by the additional personnel due to an accelerated pace of hiring in the lodging
supply organization as well as an increase of stock-based compensation of $15 million. Acquisitions added approximately 8%
of year-on-year selling and marketing growth for 2015.
Technology and Content
Year ended December 31,
2015
2016
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
% Change
Personnel and overhead
Depreciation and amortization of technology
assets
Other
Total technology and content(1)
% of revenue
(1)
Includes the following eLong amounts:
627
362
246
1,235
14.1%
($ in millions)
434
$
265
131
830
12.4%
$
— $
11
$
$
$
$
$
$
370
214
102
686
11.9%
21
45%
36%
88%
49%
17%
24%
29%
21%
N/A
N/A
Technology and content expense includes product development and content expense, as well as information technology
costs to support our infrastructure, back-office applications and overall monitoring and security of our networks, and is
principally comprised of personnel and overhead, depreciation and amortization of technology assets including hardware, and
purchased and internally developed software, and other costs including licensing and maintenance expense and stock-based
compensation.
Technology and content expense increased $405 million for 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to increased personnel
and overhead costs of $193 million to support key technology projects primarily in Brand Expedia Group, the corporate
technology function and trivago, as well as the addition of HomeAway personnel and overhead costs. Depreciation and
amortization of technology assets also increased $97 million year-over-year. Other costs increased $115 million year-over-year
primarily due to expansion into the cloud computing environment and higher licensing and maintenance to support the growth
of our technology platforms as well as higher stock-based compensation of $37 million, including amounts related to the
51
trivago employee stock option plan as described in NOTE 10 — Stock-Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments.
Acquisitions added approximately 20% to year-on-year technology and content growth for 2016.
Technology and content expense increased $144 million for 2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to increased personnel
and overhead costs of $64 million to support key technology projects primarily for our corporate technology function and
Brand Expedia, increased depreciation and amortization of technology assets of $51 million as well as an increase in other
costs of $29 million due to higher licensing and maintenance and data center costs to support the growth of the technology
platforms. Acquisitions added approximately 6% to year-on-year technology and content growth for 2015.
General and Administrative
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
Personnel and overhead
Professional fees and other
Total general and administrative(1)
% of revenue
(1)
Includes the following eLong amounts:
($ in millions)
330
$
244
574
8.6%
$
411
267
678
7.7%
— $
23
$
$
$
$
$
$
277
148
425
7.4%
24
24%
10%
18%
19%
65%
35%
N/A
N/A
General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel-related costs, including our executive leadership,
finance, legal and human resource functions as well as fees for external professional services including legal, tax and
accounting, and other costs including stock-based compensation.
General and administrative expense increased $104 million in 2016 compared to 2015 due primarily to higher personnel
and overhead expenses of $81 million driven by the organic growth of the business and the inorganic addition of HomeAway
and Orbitz. In addition, stock-based compensation increased $28 million year-over-year, which included increases related to
trivago as well as in general employee stock-based compensation that were partially offset by the absence of eLong related
stock-based compensation in 2016. Acquisitions added approximately 7% of year-on-year general and administrative growth
for 2016, which reflects the addition of a full year of expenses for HomeAway and Orbitz, partially offset by higher acquisition-
related expenses in the prior year.
General and administrative expense increased $149 million in 2015 compared to 2014 due primarily to higher
professional fees and other of $96 million driven mostly by higher stock-based compensation of $39 million, which was
primarily due to additional options granted during the current year as well as expense related to replacement awards issued in
connection with acquisitions, as well as an increase of $31 million due to higher consulting and legal fees related to heightened
merger and acquisition activity. In addition, personnel and overhead expenses increased $53 million in 2015 compared to 2014.
Acquisitions, including acquisition-related expenses, added approximately 24% of year-on-year general and administrative
growth for 2015.
Amortization and Impairment of Intangible Assets
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
$
($ in millions)
156
$
7
$
317
35
77
3
103%
N/A
104%
N/A
Amortization of intangible assets increased $161 million in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to amortization related
to new business acquisitions in the prior year, partially offset by the completion of amortization related to certain intangible
assets. In 2015, amortization increased $84 million primarily due to amortization related to new business acquisitions,
including Orbitz and HomeAway.
In 2016, 2015 and 2014, we recorded impairment losses of $35 million, $7 million and $3 million related to indefinite-
lived trade names within our Core OTA segment due to changes in estimated future revenues of the related brands.
52
Legal Reserves, Occupancy Tax and Other
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and other
$
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
($ in millions)
$
(105) $
26
42
N/A
N/A
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and other consists of increases in our reserves for court decisions and the potential and
final settlement of issues related to hotel occupancy taxes, expenses recognized related to monies paid in advance of occupancy
and other tax proceedings (“pay-to-play”) as well as certain other legal reserves.
During 2016, we recognized approximately $12 million for amounts expected to be paid in advance of litigation related
to "merchant model” car rental transactions in connection with Hawaii's general excise tax litigation. The remaining expense in
2016 related to changes in our reserve related to hotel occupancy and other taxes.
During 2015, we received a refund of prepaid pay-to-play payments of $132 million from the State of Hawaii in
connection with the general excise tax litigation. In addition, during 2015, we recorded a $24 million benefit in legal reserves,
occupancy tax and other for the recovery of costs related to occupancy tax litigation matters. These gains were partially offset
by charges for changes in our reserve related to hotel occupancy and other taxes.
During 2014, we recognized approximately $25.5 million related to monies paid in advance of litigation in the San
Francisco occupancy tax proceedings.
For additional information, see NOTE 17 — Commitments and Contingencies in the notes to the consolidated financial
statements.
Restructuring and Related Reorganization Charges
In connection with the migration of technology platforms and centralization of technology, supply and other operations,
primarily related to previously disclosed acquisitions, we recognized $56 million, $105 million and $26 million in restructuring
and related reorganization charges during 2016, 2015 and 2014. In 2016 and 2015, the charges were primarily related to
employee severance and benefits as a part of the Orbitz integration and represents estimated severance amounts under pre-
existing written plans and contracts Orbitz had with its employees, stock-compensation charges for acceleration of replacement
awards pursuant to certain of these agreements as well as incremental retention compensation for exiting employees. In 2014,
the charges primarily related to severance and related benefits as well as an Australian stamp duty tax that was payable to
certain Australian jurisdictions related to business restructuring events. Based on current plans, which are subject to change, we
expect to incur approximately $10 to $15 million in 2017 related to these integrations and estimates do not include any possible
future acquisition integrations.
For additional information, see NOTE 15 — Restructuring and Related Reorganization Charges in the notes to the
consolidated financial statements.
Operating Income
Operating income
% of revenue
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
$
($ in millions)
414
$
6.2%
$
462
5.3%
518
9.0%
12%
(20)%
In 2016, operating income increased primarily due to higher growth in revenue and the absence of eLong operating
losses, partially offset by increased costs and expenses, including growth in technology and content expense in excess of
revenue growth, higher amortization of intangible assets as well as the comparative impact of the prior year Hawaii pay-to-play
gain of $132 million.
In 2015, operating income decreased due to increased costs and expenses, including growth in selling and marketing
expense in excess of revenue growth, growth in general and administrative expense in excess of revenue growth as well as an
increase in restructuring and related reorganization charges, partially offset by the gain of $132 million related to the Hawaii
pay-to-play refunds.
53
Included in our consolidated operating income for 2015 are operating losses for eLong through its disposition date of
May 22, 2015 of $86 million. eLong had operating losses of $51 million for 2014.
Interest Income and Expense
Interest income
Interest expense
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
$
($ in millions)
17
$
(126)
$
20
(173)
27
(98)
18%
37%
(39)%
29 %
Interest income increased in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to higher rates of return, partially offset by lower
invested balances. Interest income decreased in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to lower invested balances as well as
lower rates of return due to a shift out of higher-yielding currencies due to the sale of eLong and funding U.S. dollar
denominated acquisitions, and lower market rates in certain currencies.
Interest expense increased in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily as a result of additional interest on the Euro 650 million
of senior unsecured notes issued in June 2015 and the $750 million senior unsecured notes issued in December 2015. Interest
expense increased in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily as a result of additional interest on the $500 million senior unsecured
notes issued in August 2014, the Euro 650 million of senior unsecured notes issued in June 2015 as well as the $750 million
senior unsecured notes issued in December 2015.
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our long-term indebtedness totaled $3.2 billion. As of December 31, 2014, our long-
term indebtedness totaled $1.7 billion.
Gain on Sale of Business
On May 22, 2015, we completed the sale of our 62.4% ownership stake in eLong, Inc. for approximately $671 million (or
$666 million net of costs to sell and other transaction expenses) to several purchasers, including Ctrip.com International, Ltd.
As a result of the sale, we recognized a pre-tax gain of $509 million ($395 million after tax) during 2015 included in gain on
sale of business in our consolidated statement of operations.
Other, Net
Other, net is comprised of the following:
Foreign exchange rate gains (losses), net
Non-controlling interest basis adjustment
Other-than-temporary investment impairments
Other
Total other, net
Provision for Income Taxes
2016
Year ended December 31,
2015
2014
($ in millions)
$
$
(15) $
—
(12)
(5)
(32) $
25
77
—
11
113
$
$
6
3
—
9
18
Provision for income taxes
Effective tax rate
Year ended December 31,
% Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
$
($ in millions)
203
$
21.9%
$
15
5.5%
92
19.7%
(92)%
122%
The decrease in our effective rate for 2016 compared to 2015 was primarily due to tax benefits from the adoption of new
accounting guidance relating to stock-based compensation and the release of valuation allowances in the United Kingdom and
Germany on cumulative foreign net operating losses for which it is more likely than not the tax benefit will be realized. As a
result of lower pre-tax earnings in 2016, the impacts of these benefits create a significant effect on our effective tax rate. Our
effective tax rate for 2016 was lower than the 35% federal statutory rate due to earnings in foreign jurisdictions outside of the
54
United States, predominately Switzerland, where our statutory income tax rate is lower as well as the same factors impacting
the year-over-year effective tax rate comparison.
The increase in the effective rate for 2015 compared to 2014 is primarily due to the gain on the sale of eLong during
2015, and the release of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions in 2014. Our effective tax rate for 2015 was lower than the
35% federal statutory rate due to earnings in foreign jurisdictions outside of the United States as well as the sale of eLong,
which had a U.S. effective rate of less than 35%.
Our effective tax rate for 2014 was lower than the 35% federal statutory rate due to earnings in foreign jurisdictions
outside of the United States as well as the release of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions.
For additional information, see NOTE 11 — Income Taxes in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Financial Position, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity are cash flows generated from operations; our cash and cash equivalents and short-term
investment balances, which were $1.9 billion and $1.7 billion at December 31, 2016 and 2015, including $1.1 billion and $645
million of cash and short-term investment balances held in wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries (which includes $737 million
and $441 million related to earnings indefinitely invested outside the United States) as well as $313 million and $72 million
held in majority-owned subsidiaries, which is also indefinitely invested outside the United States; and our $1.5 billion
revolving credit facility, which is essentially untapped. Cumulative earnings related to undistributed earnings of certain foreign
subsidiaries that we intend to indefinitely reinvest outside of the United States totaled $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2016. To
date, we have permanently reinvested the majority of these foreign earnings outside of the United States and we do not intend
to repatriate these earnings to fund U.S. operations. Should we distribute earnings of foreign subsidiaries in the form of
dividends or otherwise, we may be subject to U.S. income taxes.
The revolving credit facility, which was amended in the first quarter of 2016 to increase borrowing capacity to $1.5
billion, extend the expiration to February 2021 and provide more favorable fees (as disclosed herein), bears interest based on
the Company’s credit ratings with the applicable interest rate on drawn amounts was LIBOR plus 137.5 basis points and the
commitment fee on undrawn amounts was 17.5 basis points as of December 31, 2016.
Our credit ratings are periodically reviewed by rating agencies. As of December 31, 2016, Moody’s rating was Ba1 with
an outlook of “stable,” S&P’s rating was BBB- with an outlook of “stable” and Fitch’s rating was BBB- with an outlook of
“stable.” Changes in our operating results, cash flows, financial position, capital structure, financial policy or capital allocations
to share repurchase, dividends, investments and acquisitions could impact the ratings assigned by the various rating agencies.
Should our credit ratings be adjusted downward, we may incur higher costs to borrow and/or limited to access to capital
markets, which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
As of December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with the covenants and conditions in our revolving credit facility and
outstanding debt, which was comprised of $500 million in registered senior unsecured notes due in August 2018 that bear
interest at 7.456% (the “7.456% Notes”), $750 million in registered senior unsecured notes due in August 2020 that bear
interest at 5.95% (the “5.95% Notes”), $500 million in registered senior unsecured notes due in August 2024 that bear interest
at 4.5% (the “4.5% Notes”), Euro 650 million of registered senior unsecured notes due in June 2022 that bear interest at 2.5%
(the "2.5% Notes") and $750 million of registered senior unsecured notes due in February 2026 that bear interest at 5.0% ("the
5.0% Notes").
Under the merchant model, we receive cash from travelers at the time of booking and we record these amounts on our
consolidated balance sheets as deferred merchant bookings. We pay our airline suppliers related to these merchant model
bookings generally within a few weeks after completing the transaction, but we are liable for the full value of such transactions
until the flights are completed. For most other merchant bookings, which is primarily our merchant hotel business, we generally
pay after the travelers’ use and, in some cases, subsequent billing from the hotel suppliers. Therefore, generally we receive cash
from the traveler prior to paying our supplier, and this operating cycle represents a working capital source of cash to us. As long
as the merchant hotel business grows, we expect that changes in working capital related to merchant hotel transactions will
positively impact operating cash flows. However, we are using both the merchant model and the agency model in many of our
markets. If the merchant hotel model declines relative to our other business models that generally consume working capital
such as agency hotel, managed corporate travel, advertising or certain Expedia Affiliate Network relationships, or if there are
changes to the merchant model, supplier payment terms, or booking patterns that compress the time period between our receipt
of cash from travelers and our payment to suppliers, such as with mobile bookings via smartphones, our overall working capital
benefits could be reduced, eliminated or even reversed. Our future working capital benefits could also be impacted by the
transition of our recent HomeAway acquisition’s shift to more of a transactional model from a subscription model.
55
As our ETP program continues to expand, and depending on relative traveler and supplier adoption rates and customer
payment preferences, among other things, the scaling up of ETP has and will continue to negatively impact near term working
capital cash balances, cash flow, relative liquidity during the transition, and hotel revenue margins.
Seasonal fluctuations in our merchant hotel bookings affect the timing of our annual cash flows. During the first half of
the year, hotel bookings have traditionally exceeded stays, resulting in much higher cash flow related to working capital.
During the second half of the year, this pattern reverses and cash flows are typically negative. While we expect the impact of
seasonal fluctuations to continue, merchant hotel growth rates, changes to the model or booking patterns, changes in the
relative mix of merchant hotel transactions compared with transactions in our working capital consuming businesses, including
ETP, as well as the assimilation and transformation of the HomeAway vacation rental listing business, may counteract or
intensify the anticipated seasonal fluctuations.
As of December 31, 2016, we had a deficit in our working capital of $2.7 billion, compared to a deficit of $2.9 billion as
of December 31, 2015. The slight change in deficit is primarily due to operating cash flows offset by financing and investing
activities, including capital expenditures and share repurchases.
We continue to invest in the development and expansion of our operations. Ongoing investments include but are not
limited to improvements in infrastructure, which include our servers, networking equipment and software, release
improvements to our software code, platform migrations and consolidation and search engine marketing and optimization
efforts. In addition, in 2016, we began our expansion into the cloud computing environment. While we expect our cloud
computing expenses to increase significantly over the next few years, they are expected to result in lower overall capital
expenditures related to our data centers over time. Our future capital requirements may include capital needs for acquisitions
(including purchases of non-controlling interest), share repurchases, dividend payments or expenditures in support of our
business strategy; thus reducing our cash balance and/or increasing our debt. Excluding capital expenditures associated with the
build out of our new corporate headquarters, we expect total capital expenditures for 2017 to decline slightly over 2016
spending levels. Our current estimates for the new headquarters total approximately $650 million of which approximately $30
million was spent in 2016 and less than $100 million will be spent in 2017. The remainder will be split roughly evenly between
2018 and 2019.
Our cash flows are as follows:
Year ended December 31,
$ Change
2016
2015
2014
2016 vs 2015
2015 vs 2014
(In millions)
Cash provided by (used in) operations:
Operating activities
Investing activities
Financing activities
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on
cash and cash equivalents
$
1,564
$
(718)
(691)
(35)
$
1,368
(2,371)
1,404
(127)
1,367
(924)
48
(109)
$
196
$
1,653
(2,095)
1
(1,447)
1,356
92
(18)
In 2016, net cash provided by operating activities increased by $196 million primarily due to higher operating income
after adjusting for impacts of depreciation and amortization, partially offset by a decrease in benefits from working capital
adjustments and a net refund of hotel occupancy and other taxes in 2015. In 2015, net cash provided by operating activities
remained essentially flat as a net refund of hotel occupancy and other taxes was mostly offset by decreased benefits from
working capital changes, including increases in income tax and interest payments.
In 2016, cash used in investing activities decreased by $1.7 billion primarily due to a decrease of cash used for
acquisitions of $2.1 billion, partially offset by a decrease in net proceeds related to the sale of eLong of $457 million in the
prior year. In 2015, cash used in investing activities increased by $1.4 billion primarily due to an increase of cash used for
acquisitions of $1.5 billion due primarily to our acquisition of Orbitz in September 2015 and HomeAway in December 2015 as
well as higher capital expenditures of $460 million, including amounts paid for our new corporate headquarters, partially offset
by net proceeds from the sale of eLong of $524 million.
Cash used in financing activities in 2016 primarily included cash paid to acquire shares of $456 million, including the
repurchased shares under the authorizations discussed below, the repayment of $401 million of HomeAway Convertible Notes
and $150 million cash dividend payment, partially offset by $215 million of net proceeds from the initial public offering of
trivago as well as $141 million of proceeds from the exercise of options and employee stock purchase plans. Cash provided by
financing activities in 2015 primarily included $700 million of net proceeds for the issuance of 2.5% Notes in June 2015, $741
56
million in net proceeds for the issuance of the 5.0% Notes in December 2015, $120 million of proceeds from the exercise of
options and employee stock purchase plans as well as the issuance of treasury stock, and $91 million in excess tax benefit on
equity awards, of which approximately $47 million related to the excess tax benefit associated with the stock options exercised
by our Chairman and Senior Executive. These financing inflows were offset in part by $85 million of withholding taxes for
stock option exercises paid on behalf of our Chairman and Senior Executive in exchange for surrendering a portion of his
vested shares, which were concurrently cancelled, as well as cash paid to acquire shares of $61 million primarily under the
repurchase authorizations discussed below, and $109 million cash dividend payments. Cash provided by financing activities in
2014 primarily included $493 million of net proceeds for the issuance of 4.5% Notes in August 2014 and $129 million of
proceeds from the exercise of options and employee stock purchase plans as well as the issuance of treasury stock, partially
offset by cash paid to acquire shares of $538 million, including the repurchased shares under the 2012 authorization discussed
below, and $85 million cash dividend payment.
During 2012, 2010, and 2006, our Board of Directors, or the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of
Directors, authorized a repurchase of up to 20 million outstanding shares of our common stock during each of the respective
years and during 2015 authorized a repurchase of up to 10 million shares of our common stock for a total of 70 million shares.
Shares repurchased under the authorized programs were as follows:
Number of shares repurchased
Average price per share
Total cost of repurchases (in millions)(1)
(1)
Amount excludes transaction costs.
Year ended December 31,
2016
4.0 million
109.64
436
$
$
2015
0.5 million
85.27
45
$
$
2014
7.0 million
76.26
537
$
$
As of December 31, 2016, 7.3 million shares remain authorized for repurchase under the 2015 authorization with no fixed
termination date for the repurchases. Subsequent to December 31, 2016, we repurchased an additional 0.3 million shares for a
total cost of $30 million, excluding transaction costs, representing an average price of $113.42 per share.
Our common stock dividend was $1.00 per share for 2016, $0.84 per share for 2015 and $0.66 per share for 2014. See
NOTE 13 — Stockholders’ Equity in the notes to consolidated financial statements for a detail of the quarterly dividend
payments by year. In addition, in February 2017, the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, declared
a quarterly cash dividend of $0.28 per share of outstanding common stock payable on March 30, 2017 to the stockholders of
record as of the close of business on March 9, 2017. Future declarations of dividends are subject to final determination by our
Board of Directors.
The effect of foreign exchange on our cash balances denominated in foreign currency in 2016 showed a net change of
$92 million reflecting lower depreciations in foreign currencies in 2016 compared to 2015. The effect of foreign exchange on
our cash balances denominated in foreign currency in 2015 showed a net change of $18 million reflecting higher depreciation
in foreign currencies in the 2015 compared to 2014.
In our opinion, available cash, funds from operations and available borrowings will provide sufficient capital resources to
meet our foreseeable liquidity needs. There can be no assurance, however, that the cost of availability of future borrowings,
including refinancing, if any, will be available on terms acceptable to us.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table presents our material contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31,
2016:
Long-term debt (1)
Operating leases (2)
Purchase obligations (3)
Guarantees (4)
Letters of credit (4)
Total(5)
Total
Less than
1 year
1 to 3 years
(In millions)
3 to 5 years
More than
5 years
By Period
$
$
4,253
514
268
150
49
5,234
$
$
57
159
120
239
150
44
712
$
$
818
212
29
—
5
1,064
$
$
993
92
—
—
—
1,085
$
$
2,283
90
—
—
—
2,373
____________________
(1)
Our 7.456% Notes, 5.95% Notes, 2.5% Notes, 4.5% Notes, and 5.0% Notes include interest payments through maturity
in 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024, and 2026 respectively, based on the stated fixed rates. For the 2.5% Notes, the December 31,
2016 Euro exchange rate was used to convert the Euro 650 million to U.S. Dollars and calculate the related U.S. Dollar
interest payments.
The operating leases are for office space and related office equipment. We account for these leases on a monthly basis.
Certain leases contain periodic rent escalation adjustments and renewal options. Operating lease obligations expire at
various dates with the latest maturity in 2026.
Our purchase obligations represent the minimum obligations we have under agreements with certain of our vendors and
marketing partners. These minimum obligations are less than our projected use for those periods. Payments may be
more than the minimum obligations based on actual use.
Guarantees and LOCs are commitments that represent funding responsibilities that may require our performance in the
event of third-party demands or contingent events. We use our stand-by LOCs primarily for certain regulatory purposes
as well as to secure payment for hotel room transactions to particular hotel properties. Of the outstanding balance of our
stand-by LOCs, $19 million directly reduces the amount available to us from our revolving credit facility. The LOC
amounts in the above table represent the amount of commitment expiration per period. In addition, we provide a
guarantee to the aviation authorities of certain foreign countries to protect against potential non-delivery of our
packaged travel services sold within those countries. These countries hold all travel agents and tour companies to the
same standard. Our guarantees also include bonds relating to tax assessments that we are contesting and certain surety
bonds related to various company performance obligations.
Excludes $221 million of unrecognized tax benefits for which we cannot make a reasonably reliable estimate of the
amount and period of payment.
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Other than the items described above, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2016.
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions
For a discussion of certain relationships and related party transactions, see NOTE 18 — Related Party Transactions in the
notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Part II. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market Risk Management
Market risk is the potential loss from adverse changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and market prices. Our
exposure to market risk includes our long-term debt, our revolving credit facility, derivative instruments and cash and cash
equivalents, accounts receivable, intercompany receivables, investments, merchant accounts payable and deferred merchant
bookings denominated in foreign currencies. We manage our exposure to these risks through established policies and
procedures. Our objective is to mitigate potential income statement, cash flow and market exposures from changes in interest
and foreign exchange rates.
Interest Rate Risk
In August 2006, we issued $500 million senior unsecured notes with a fixed rate of 7.456%. In August 2010, we issued
$750 million senior unsecured notes with a fixed rate of 5.95%. In August 2014, we issued $500 million senior unsecured notes
with a fixed rate of 4.5%. In June 2015, we issued Euro 650 million of senior unsecured notes with a fixed rate of 2.5%. (See
“Foreign Exchange Risk” below for further discussion or our 2.5% Notes.) In December 2015, we issued $750 million of
senior unsecured notes with a fixed rate of 5.0%. As a result, if market interest rates decline, our required payments will exceed
those based on market rates. The fair values of our 7.456% Notes, 5.95% Notes, 2.5% Notes, 4.5% Notes and 5.0% Notes were
approximately $541 million, $823 million, $718 million, $511 million and $782 million as of December 31, 2016 as calculated
based on quoted market prices in less active markets at year end. A 50 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would
decrease or increase the fair value of our 7.456% Notes by approximately $4 million, our 5.95% Notes by approximately $13
million, our 4.5% Notes by approximately $16 million, our 2.5% Notes by approximately $17 million and our 5.0% Notes by
approximately $28 million.
We maintain a $1.5 billion revolving credit facility, which bears interest based on market rates plus a spread determined
by our credit ratings. Because our interest rate is tied to a market rate, we will be susceptible to fluctuations in interest rates if,
consistent with our practice to date, we do not hedge the interest rate exposure arising from any borrowings under our revolving
credit facility. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had no revolving credit facility borrowings outstanding.
58
We invest in investment grade corporate debt securities and, as of December 31, 2016, we had $64 million of available
for sale investments. Based on a sensitivity analysis, we have determined that a hypothetical 1.00% (100 basis points) increase
in bond prices would have resulted in a decrease in the fair values of our investments of less than $1 million as of
December 31, 2016. Such losses would only be realized if we sold the investments prior to maturity.
We did not experience any significant impact from changes in interest rates for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015
or 2014.
Foreign Exchange Risk
We conduct business in certain international markets, primarily in Australia, Canada, China and the European Union.
Because we operate in international markets, we have exposure to different economic climates, political arenas, tax systems and
regulations that could affect foreign exchange rates. Our primary exposure to foreign currency risk relates to transacting in
foreign currency and recording the activity in U.S. dollars. Changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and these other
currencies will result in transaction gains or losses, which we recognize in our consolidated statements of operations.
To the extent practicable, we minimize our foreign currency exposures by maintaining natural hedges between our
current assets and current liabilities in similarly denominated foreign currencies. Additionally, we use foreign currency forward
contracts to economically hedge certain merchant revenue exposures, foreign denominated liabilities related to certain of our
loyalty programs and our other foreign currency-denominated operating liabilities. These instruments are typically short-term
and are recorded at fair value with gains and losses recorded in other, net. As of December 31, 2016, we had a net forward
liability of $4 million included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. As of December 31, 2015, we had a net
forward asset of $8 million included in prepaid expenses and other current assets. We may enter into additional foreign
exchange derivative contracts or other economic hedges in the future. Our goal in managing our foreign exchange risk is to
reduce to the extent practicable our potential exposure to the changes that exchange rates might have on our earnings, cash
flows and financial position. We make a number of estimates in conducting hedging activities including in some cases the level
of future bookings, cancellations, refunds, customer stay patterns and payments in foreign currencies. In the event those
estimates differ significantly from actual results, we could experience greater volatility as a result of our hedges.
In June 2015, we issued Euro 650 million of registered senior unsecured notes that are due in June 2022 and bear interest
at 2.5%. The aggregate principal value of the 2.5% Notes is designated as a hedge of our net investment in certain Euro
functional currency subsidiaries. The notes are measured at Euro to U.S. Dollar exchange rates at each balance sheet date and
transaction gains or losses due to changes in rates are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The Euro-
denominated net assets of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. Dollars at each balance sheet date, with effects of foreign
currency changes also reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Since the notional amount of the recorded
Euro-denominated debt is less than the notional amount of our net investment, we do not expect to incur any ineffectiveness on
this hedge.
Future net transaction gains and losses are inherently difficult to predict as they are reliant on how the multiple currencies
in which we transact fluctuate in relation to the U.S. dollar, the relative composition and denomination of current assets and
liabilities each period, and our effectiveness at forecasting and managing, through balance sheet netting or the use of derivative
contracts, such exposures. As an example, if the foreign currencies in which we hold net asset balances were to all weaken 10%
against the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies in which we hold net liability balances were to all strengthen 10% against the
U.S. dollar, we would recognize foreign exchange losses of approximately $21 million based on our foreign currency forward
positions (including the impact of forward positions economically hedging our merchant revenue exposures) and the net asset
or liability balances of our foreign denominated cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deferred merchant bookings
and merchant accounts payable balances as of December 31, 2016. As the net composition of these balances fluctuate
frequently, even daily, as do foreign exchange rates, the example loss could be compounded or reduced significantly within a
given period.
During 2016, 2015 and 2014, we recorded net foreign exchange rate losses of approximately $15 million ($30 million
loss excluding the contracts economically hedging our forecasted merchant revenue), net foreign exchange rate gains of
approximately $25 million ($15 million loss excluding the contracts economically hedging our forecasted merchant revenue)
and net foreign exchange rate gains of approximately $6 million ($14 million loss excluding the contracts economically
hedging our forecasted merchant revenue). As we increase our operations in international markets, our exposure to fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates increases. The economic impact to us of foreign currency exchange rate movements is
linked to variability in real growth, inflation, interest rates, governmental actions and other factors. These changes, if material,
could cause us to adjust our financing and operating strategies.
59
Part II. Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedule listed in the Index to Financial Statements, Schedules and Exhibits
on page F-1 are filed as part of this report.
Part II. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Part II. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended
December 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), our
management, including our Chairman and Senior Executive, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the
effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the
Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, our Chairman and Senior Executive, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as
defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America. Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal
control over financial reporting based on the criteria for effective control over financial reporting described in Internal
Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Based on this evaluation, management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2016, the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting was effective. Management has reviewed its assessment with the Audit Committee. Ernst & Young, LLP, an
independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as
of December 31, 2016, as stated in their report which is included below.
Limitations on Controls.
Management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting
will prevent or detect all error and fraud. Any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain
assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met. Further, no evaluation of
controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and
instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
60
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Expedia, Inc.
We have audited Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries' (the Company’s) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), (the COSO criteria). Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries'
management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal
Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures
that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the
company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States),
the 2016 consolidated financial statements of Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries and our report dated February 9, 2017 expressed an
unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Seattle, Washington
February 9, 2017
61
Part II. Item 9B. Other Information
None.
Part III.
We are incorporating by reference the information required by Part III of this report on Form 10-K from our proxy
statement relating to our 2017 annual meeting of stockholders (the “2017 Proxy Statement”), which will be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.
Part III. Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this item is included under the captions “Election of Directors — Nominees,” “Election of
Directors — Board Meetings and Committees,” “Information Concerning Executive Officers” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial
Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the 2017 Proxy Statement and incorporated herein by reference.
Part III. Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this item is included under the captions “Election of Directors —Compensation of Non-
Employee Directors,” “Election of Directors — Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,”
“Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Compensation Committee Report” and “Executive Compensation” in the 2017
Proxy Statement and incorporated herein by reference.
Part III. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this item is included under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the 2017 Proxy Statement and incorporated herein by
reference.
Part III. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this item is included under the captions “Certain Relationships and Related Person
Transactions” and “Election of Directors — Board Meetings and Committees” in the 2017 Proxy Statement and incorporated
herein by reference.
Part III. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this item is included under the caption “Audit Committee Report” in the 2017 Proxy
Statement and incorporated herein by reference.
Part IV. Item 15. Exhibits, Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
(a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements
We have filed the consolidated financial statements listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements, Schedules
and Exhibits on page F-1 as a part of this report.
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules
All financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, not material or the required
information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.
(a)(3) Exhibits
The exhibits listed below are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Exhibit
No.
1.1
Exhibit Description
Underwriting Agreement, dated Expedia, Inc., as
Issuer, the Guarantors party thereto, and BNP
Paribas, Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan
Securities plc, as Representatives of the several
Underwriters (relating to the Fourth Supplemental
Indenture on Exhibit 4.6)
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
8-K
000-51447
1.1
6/3/2015
62
Exhibit
No.
Exhibit Description
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.2
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Separation Agreement by and between Expedia,
Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp, dated as of
August 9, 2005
Separation Agreement by and between Expedia,
Inc. and TripAdvisor, Inc., dated as of
December 20, 2011
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of
December 21, 2012, by and among Expedia, Inc.,
trivago GmbH, a wholly owned subsidiary of
Expedia and the shareholders of trivago GmbH
party thereto.
Shareholders Agreement, dated as of December 21,
2012 by and among trivago GmbH, Expedia, Inc.,
a wholly owned subsidiary of Expedia and certain
shareholders of trivago GmbH.
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of
February 12, 2015, by and among Expedia, Inc.,
Xeta, Inc., and Orbtiz Worldwide, Inc.
Purchase and Sale Agreement (Cruise), dated
March 10, 2015, by and between Immunex
Corporation and Cruise, LLC
First Amendment to Purchase and Sale, dated
March 25, 2015, by and between Immunex
Corporation and Cruise, LLC
Share Purchase Agreement, dated May 22, 2015,
by and among Expedia, Inc., Expedia Asia Pacific -
Alpha Limited, Ctrip.com International, Ltd., C-
Travel International Limited, Luxuriant Holdings
Limited, Keystone Lodging Holdings Limited and
Plateno Group Limited
Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of
November 4, 2015, by and among Expedia, Inc.,
HMS 1 Inc. and HomeAway, Inc.
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Expedia, Inc.
Indenture, dated as of August 21, 2006, among
Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary Guarantors
from time to time parties thereto and The Bank of
New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee,
relating to Expedia, Inc.’s 7.456% Senior Notes
due 2018
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of
January 19, 2007, among Expedia, Inc., as Issuer,
the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto and The
Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as
Trustee
Indenture, dated as of August 5, 2010, among
Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary Guarantors
from time to time parties thereto and The Bank of
New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as
Trustee, governing Expedia, Inc.’s 5.95% Senior
Notes due 2020
Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of
September 30, 2016, among Expedia, Inc., as
Issuer, the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto and
The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company,
N.A., as Trustee
Indenture, dated as of August 13, 2014, among
Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary Guarantors
from time to time parties thereto and The Bank of
New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee
63
10-Q
000-51447
2.1
11/14/2005
8-K
000-51447
2.1
12/27/2011
8-K
000-51447
2.1
12/21/2012
8-K
000-51447
2.2
12/21/2012
8-K
000-51447
2.1
2/13/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.1
4/2/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.2
4/2/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.1
5/22/2015
8-K
8-K
001-37429
000-51447
2.1
3.3
11/5/2015
8/15/2005
10-Q
000-51447
4.1
11/14/2006
S-4
333-140195
4.2
1/25/2007
8-K
000-51447
4.1
8/10/2010
8-K
001-37429
4.1
10/3/2016
8-K
000-51447
4.1
8/18/2014
Exhibit
No.
Exhibit Description
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of
August 18, 2014, among Expedia, Inc., the
Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto and The Bank
of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee,
governing Expedia, Inc.’s 4.500% Senior Notes
due 2024
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 3,
2015, among Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the
Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto and The Bank
of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as
Trustee, governing Expedia, Inc.’s 2.500% Senior
Notes due 2022
Indenture, dated as of December 8, 2015, among
Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary Guarantors
from time to time parties thereto and The Bank of
New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as
Trustee, governing Expedia, Inc.’s 5.000% Senior
Notes due 2026
Amended and Restated Governance Agreement
among Expedia, Inc., Liberty Interactive
Corporation and Barry Diller, dated as of
December 20, 2011
Assignment and Assumption of Governance
Agreement, among Liberty Expedia holdings, Inc.,
LEXE Marginco, LLC, LEXEB, LLC, Liberty
Interactive Corporation, Barry Diller and Expedia,
Inc., dated as of November 4, 2016
Amended and Restated Stockholders Agreement
between Liberty Interactive Corporation and Barry
Diller, dated as of December 20, 2011
Assignment and Assumption of Stockholders
Agreement, by and among Liberty Expedia
Holdings, Inc., Liberty Interactive Corporation and
Barry Diller, dated November 4, 2016
Amendment No. 1 to Stockholders Agreement, by
and between Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc. and
Barry Diller, dated November 4, 2016
Amended and Restated Transaction Agreement, by
and among Liberty Interactive Corporation, Liberty
Expedia Holdings, Inc., Barry Diller, John C.
Malone and Leslie Malone, dated as of September
22, 2016
Assignment Agreement, by and between Barry
Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc., dated
November 4, 2016
Tax Sharing Agreement by and between Expedia,
Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp, dated as of
August 9, 2005
Employee Matters Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp, dated as of
August 9, 2005
Tax Sharing Agreement by and between Expedia,
Inc. and TripAdvisor, Inc., dated as of
December 20, 2011
Employee Matters Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and TripAdvisor, Inc., dated as of
December 20, 2011
4.6
4.7
4.8
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
64
8-K
000-51447
4.2
8/18/2014
8-K
000-51447
4.2
6/3/2015
8-K
001-37429
4.1
12/8/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.10
12/27/2011
8-K*†
001-37938
10.6
11/7/2016
10-K
000-51447
10.1
2/10/2012
8-K*†
001-37938
10.7
11/7/2016
8-K*†
001-37938
10.8
11/7/2016
S-4/A*†
333-210377
10.1
9/23/2016
8-K*†
001-37938
10.10
11/7/2016
10-Q
000-51447
10.10
11/14/2005
10-Q
000-51447
10.1
11/14/2005
8-K
000-51447
10.2
12/27/2011
8-K
000-51447
10.3
12/27/2011
Exhibit
No.
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16*
10.17*
Exhibit Description
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as
of September 5, 2014, among Expedia, Inc., a
Delaware corporation, Expedia, Inc., a Washington
corporation, Travelscape, LLC, a Nevada limited
liability company; Hotwire, Inc., a Delaware
corporation, the Lenders party hereto, JPMorgan
Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and
J.P. Morgan Europe Limited, as London Agent
First Amendment, dated as of February 4, 2016,
among Expedia, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
Expedia, Inc., a Washington corporation,
Travelscape, LLC, a Nevada limited liability
company, Hotwire, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
the lenders and issuing banks party thereto,
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative
Agent, and J.P. Morgan Europe Limited, as London
Agent
Second Amendment, dated as December 22, 2016,
among Expedia, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
Expedia, Inc., a Washington corporation,
Travelscape, LLC, a Nevada limited liability
company, Hotwire, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
the other Borrowing Subsidiaries from time to time
party thereto, the Lenders from time to time party
thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, and J.P. Morgan Europe
Limited, as London Agent
Office Building Lease by and between Tower 333
LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and
Expedia, Inc., a Washington corporation, dated
June 25, 2007
Fourth Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc. 2005
Stock and Annual Incentive Plan
Orbitz Worldwide, Inc. 2007 Equity and Incentive
Plan
10.18* HomeAway, Inc. 2011 Equity Incentive Plan
10.19*
Expedia, Inc. 2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
10.20*
10.21*
10.22*
10.23*
10.24*
10.25*
10.26*
10.27*
Expedia, Inc. 2013 International Employee Stock
Purchase Plan
Form of Expedia, Inc. Restricted Stock Unit
Agreement (Directors)
Form of Expedia, Inc. Restricted Stock Unit
Agreement
Form of Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement
Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc. Non-
Employee Director Deferred Compensation Plan,
effective as of January 1, 2009
Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc. Executive
Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of
January 1, 2009
First Amendment of the Executed Deferred
Compensation Plan, effective as of December 31,
2014
Employment Agreement between Dara
Khosrowshahi and Expedia, Inc., effective as of
March 31, 2015
65
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
8-K
000-51447
10.1
9/11/2014
8-K
001-37429
10.1
2/8/2016
X
X
X
10-Q
000-51447
10.10
8/3/2007
DEF 14
A
001-37429
Appendix
A
8/23/2016
S-8
333-206990
99.1
9/17/2015
S-8
DEF14
A
DEF 14
A
333-208548
000-51447
000-51447
99.10
Appendix
B
Appendix
C
12/15/2015
4/30/2013
4/30/2013
10-Q
000-51447
10.1
8/1/2014
10-K
000-51447
10.1
2/19/2009
10-K
000-51447
10.2
2/19/2009
10-K
000-51447
10.20
2/6/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.10
4/1/2015
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
8-K
000-51447
10.5
12/27/2011
8-K
000-51447
10.2
4/1/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.3
4/1/2015
10-Q**
000-20570
10.8
11/09/2005
S-4/A**
333-124303
Annex J
06/17/2005
S-4/A
333-175828
10.17
10/24/2011
8-K
000-51447
10.1
03/07/2014
8-K
000-51447
10.1
09/12/2014
8-K
001-37429
10.1
03/09/2016
8-K
001-37429
10.2
03/09/2016
8-K
001-37429
10.3
03/09/2016
8-K
000-51447
10.1
03/04/2015
X
X
X
X
X
Exhibit
No.
10.28*
10.29*
10.30*
10.31*
10.32*
10.33*
10.34*
10.35*
10.36*
10.37*
10.38*
10.39*
21
23.1
31.1
31.2
31.3
Exhibit Description
Second Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc.
Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Dara
Khosrowshahi, dated as of December 20, 2011
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for Dara
Khosrowshahi, dated as of March 31, 2015
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for Dara
Khosrowshahi, dated as of March 31, 2015
Stock Option Agreement between IAC/
InterActiveCorp and Barry Diller, dated as of
June 7, 2005
IAC/InterActiveCorp 2005 Stock and Annual
Incentive Plan
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by
and between Mark D. Okerstrom and Expedia, Inc.,
effective as of October 20, 2011
Amendment to the Amended and Restated
Employment Agreement by and between Mark D.
Okerstrom and Expedia, Inc., effective March 7,
2014
Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated
Employment Agreement by and between Mark D.
Okerstrom and Expedia, Inc., dated September 11,
2014
Third Amendment to the Amended and Restated
Employment Agreement by and between Mark D.
Okerstrom and Expedia, Inc., dated March 7, 2016
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for Mark D.
Okerstrom, dated as of March 7, 2016
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for Mark D.
Okerstrom, dated as of March 7, 2016
Employment Agreement between Robert J. Dzielak
and Expedia, Inc., effective as of March 2, 2015
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
Consent of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Certifications of the Chairman and Senior
Executive Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
pursuant Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
32.1*** Certification of the Chairman and Senior Executive
pursuant Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
32.2*** Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
pursuant Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
32.3*** Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
pursuant Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
66
Exhibit
No.
101
Exhibit Description
The following financial statements from the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2016, formatted in
XBRL: (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations,
(ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive
Income, (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets,
(iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in
Stockholders’ Equity, (v) Consolidated Statements
of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
X
*
**
*†
***
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
Indicates reference to filing of IAC/InterActiveCorp
Indicates reference to filing of Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc.
Furnished herewith
67
Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 13 or 15(d) Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
Signatures
Expedia, Inc.
By:
/s/ DARA KHOSROWSHAHI
Dara Khosrowshahi
Chief Executive Officer
February 9, 2017
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated on February 9, 2017.
Signature
Title
/s/ DARA KHOSROWSHAHI
Dara Khosrowshahi
/s/ MARK D. OKERSTROM
Mark D. Okerstrom
/s/ LANCE A. SOLIDAY
Lance A. Soliday
/s/ BARRY DILLER
Barry Diller
/s/ VICTOR A. KAUFMAN
Victor A. Kaufman
/s/ SUSAN C. ATHEY
Susan C. Athey
/s/ A. GEORGE BATTLE
A. George Battle
/s/ PAMELA L. COE
Pamela L. Coe
/s/ JONATHAN L. DOLGEN
Jonathan L. Dolgen
/s/ CRAIG A. JACOBSON
Craig A. Jacobson
/s/ PETER M. KERN
Peter M. Kern
/s/ JOHN C. MALONE
John C. Malone
/s/ SCOTT RUDIN
Scott Rudin
/s/ CHRISTOPHER W. SHEAN
Christopher W. Shean
/s/ ALEXANDER VON FURSTENBERG
Alexander von Furstenberg
68
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Chief Accounting Officer and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Director (Chairman of the Board)
Director (Vice Chairman)
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS
Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Exhibits
Index to Exhibits
F- 2
F- 3
F- 4
F- 5
F- 6
F- 8
F- 9
E- 1
F- 1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Expedia, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of
December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in
stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial
position of Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the consolidated results of its operations and its
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States),
Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established
in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
(2013 framework), and our report dated February 9, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Seattle, Washington
February 9, 2017
F- 2
Consolidated Financial Statements
EXPEDIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Year ended December 31,
2016
2015
2014
(In thousands, except for per share data)
$
8,773,564
$
6,672,317
$
5,763,485
Revenue
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue (1)
Selling and marketing (1)
Technology and content (1)
General and administrative (1)
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and other
Restructuring and related reorganization charges (1)
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Interest income
Interest expense
Gain on sale of business
Other, net
Total other income (expense), net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
Net income attributable to Expedia, Inc.
Earnings per share attributable to Expedia, Inc. available to
common stockholders:
Basic
Diluted
Shares used in computing earnings per share:
Basic
Diluted
Dividends declared per common share
(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Cost of revenue
Selling and marketing
Technology and content
General and administrative
Restructuring and related reorganization charges
$
$
$
$
1,596,698
4,367,417
1,235,019
678,292
317,141
34,890
26,498
55,907
461,702
19,726
(173,148)
—
(31,680)
(185,102)
276,600
(15,315)
261,285
20,563
281,848
1.87
1.82
150,367
154,517
1.00
11,388
46,654
63,536
108,149
12,690
$
$
$
$
1,309,559
3,381,086
830,244
573,913
156,458
7,207
(104,587)
104,871
413,566
16,695
(126,195)
508,810
113,086
512,396
925,962
(203,214)
722,748
41,717
764,465
5.87
5.70
130,159
134,018
0.84
5,307
33,164
26,766
80,082
32,749
$
$
$
$
1,179,081
2,808,329
686,154
425,373
76,773
2,842
41,539
25,630
517,764
27,288
(98,089)
—
17,678
(53,123)
464,641
(91,691)
372,950
25,147
398,097
3.09
2.99
128,912
133,168
0.66
3,921
18,067
22,100
40,923
—
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 3
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
EXPEDIA, INC.
Year ended December 31,
2016
2015
2014
(In thousands)
$
261,285
$
722,748
$
372,950
(10,217)
(147,815)
(164,666)
—
(43,183)
—
154
(10,063)
251,222
(67)
(191,065)
531,683
(60)
(164,726)
208,224
(32,902)
241,126
Net income
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Currency translation adjustments and other, net of taxes
Net reclassification of foreign currency translation adjustments
into total other income (expenses), net
Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of
taxes
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
Comprehensive income
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-
controlling interests
Comprehensive income attributable to Expedia, Inc.
(29,075)
280,297
$
(86,662)
618,345
$
$
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 4
EXPEDIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands, except per share data)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $25,278 and $27,035
Income taxes receivable
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Total current assets
Property and equipment, net
Long-term investments and other assets
Deferred income taxes
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill
TOTAL ASSETS
$
$
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable, merchant
Accounts payable, other
Deferred merchant bookings
Deferred revenue
Income taxes payable
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Total current liabilities
Long-term debt
Deferred income taxes
Other long-term liabilities
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable non-controlling interests
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock $.0001 par value
Authorized shares: 1,600,000
Shares issued: 224,310 and 220,383
Shares outstanding: 137,232 and 137,459
Class B common stock $.0001 par value
Authorized shares: 400,000
Shares issued and outstanding: 12,800 and 12,800
Additional paid-in capital
Treasury stock — Common stock, at cost
Shares: 87,077 and 82,924
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Total Expedia, Inc. stockholders’ equity
Non-redeemable non-controlling interests
Total stockholders’ equity
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
$
$
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 5
$
$
$
1,796,811
18,733
72,313
1,343,247
19,402
199,745
3,450,251
1,394,904
520,058
23,658
2,446,652
7,942,023
15,777,546
1,509,313
577,012
2,617,791
282,517
49,739
1,090,826
6,127,198
3,159,336
484,970
312,939
—
22
1
8,794,298
(4,510,655)
129,034
(280,399)
4,132,301
1,560,802
5,693,103
15,777,546
$
1,676,299
11,324
33,739
1,082,406
13,805
158,688
2,976,261
1,064,259
642,802
15,458
2,793,954
7,992,941
15,485,675
1,329,870
485,557
2,337,037
235,809
68,019
1,469,725
5,926,017
3,183,140
473,841
314,432
658,478
22
1
8,696,508
(4,054,909)
507,666
(284,894)
4,864,394
65,373
4,929,767
15,485,675
.
C
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E
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EXPEDIA, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation of property and equipment, including internal-use software and
website development
Amortization of stock-based compensation
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Deferred income taxes
Foreign exchange (gain) loss on cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments, net
Realized (gain) loss on foreign currency forwards
Gain on sale of business
Non-controlling interest basis adjustment
Other
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions and
disposals:
Accounts receivable
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Accounts payable, merchant
Accounts payable, other, accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Tax payable/receivable, net
Deferred merchant bookings
Deferred revenue
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures, including internal-use software and website development
Purchases of investments
Sales and maturities of investments
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash divested and disposal costs
Net settlement of foreign currency forwards
Other, net
Net cash used in investing activities
Financing activities:
Payment of HomeAway Convertible Notes
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs
Purchases of treasury stock
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock
Payment of dividends to stockholders
Proceeds from exercise of equity awards and employee stock purchase plan
Sales (purchases) of interest in controlled subsidiaries, net
Excess tax benefit on equity awards
Withholding taxes for stock option exercises
Other, net
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for interest
Income tax payments, net
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 8
2016
December 31,
2015
(In thousands)
2014
$ 261,285
$ 722,748
$ 372,950
477,061
242,417
317,141
34,890
(14,088)
16,253
53,089
—
—
7,555
336,680
178,068
156,458
7,207
(21,635)
88,528
(54,226)
(508,810)
(77,400)
15,865
265,817
85,011
76,773
2,842
(79,031)
79,410
5,481
—
—
8,966
(276,154)
(30,198)
184,398
79,202
(100,525)
261,402
50,606
1,564,334
(198,262)
97,701
97,248
194,458
39,776
299,534
(5,893)
1,368,045
(157,957)
(65,203)
110,603
271,454
39,971
331,133
18,739
1,366,959
(749,348)
(45,352)
60,935
(777)
67,088
(53,089)
2,222
(718,321)
(787,041)
(521,329)
410,923
(2,063,649)
523,882
54,226
11,728
(2,371,260)
(328,387)
(1,194,210)
1,162,557
(560,668)
—
(5,481)
1,932
(924,257)
(401,424)
(2,093)
(455,746)
—
(150,159)
141,043
208,016
—
(1,282)
(28,974)
(690,619)
(34,882)
120,512
1,676,299
$ 1,796,811
—
1,441,860
(60,546)
22,575
(108,527)
97,716
(8,518)
90,855
(85,033)
13,817
1,404,199
(127,385)
273,599
1,402,700
$ 1,676,299
—
492,894
(537,861)
20,404
(84,697)
108,121
(3,272)
58,156
—
(5,596)
48,149
(109,184)
381,667
1,021,033
$ 1,402,700
$ 153,755
124,291
$ 109,507
96,834
$
87,555
70,339
Expedia, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1 — Organization and Basis of Presentation
Description of Business
Expedia, Inc. and its subsidiaries provide travel products and services to leisure and corporate travelers in the United
States and abroad as well as various media and advertising offerings to travel and non-travel advertisers. These travel products
and services are offered through a diversified portfolio of brands including: Expedia.com®, Hotels.com®, Hotwire.comTM,
Travelocity®, Expedia® Affiliate Network, Classic Vacations®, Expedia Local Expert®, Egencia®, Expedia®
CruiseShipCenters®, trivago®, CarRentals.comTM, Wotif Group, Orbitz Worldwide (“Orbitz”) acquired in September 2015,
HomeAway® acquired in December 2015, and eLongTM through its sale on May 22, 2015. In addition, many of these brands
have related international points of sale, including those as part of AirAsia-Expedia upon our acquisition of a controlling
interest in March 2015. We refer to Expedia, Inc. and its subsidiaries collectively as “Expedia,” the “Company,” “us,” “we” and
“our” in these consolidated financial statements.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include Expedia, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and entities
we control, or in which we have a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary of expected cash profits or losses. We record
our investments in entities that we do not control, but over which we have the ability to exercise significant influence, using the
equity method. We have eliminated significant intercompany transactions and accounts.
We believe that the assumptions underlying our consolidated financial statements are reasonable. However, these
consolidated financial statements do not present our future financial position, the results of our future operations and cash
flows.
Seasonality
We generally experience seasonal fluctuations in the demand for our travel products and services. For example,
traditional leisure travel bookings are generally the highest in the first three quarters as travelers plan and book their spring,
summer and winter holiday travel. The number of bookings typically decreases in the fourth quarter. Because revenue for most
of our travel products, including merchant and agency hotel, is recognized when the travel takes place rather than when it is
booked, revenue typically lags bookings by several weeks or longer. The seasonal revenue impact is exacerbated with respect to
income by the nature of our variable cost of revenue and direct sales and marketing costs, which we typically realize in closer
alignment to booking volumes, and the more stable nature of our fixed costs. Furthermore, operating profits for our primary
advertising business, trivago, are experienced in the second half of the year as selling and marketing costs offset revenue in the
first half of the year as we aggressively market during the busy booking period for spring, summer and winter holiday travel .
Additionally, trivago has historically earned a substantial portion of its operating profits in the fourth quarter. As a result on a
consolidated basis, revenue and income are typically the lowest in the first quarter and highest in the third quarter. The
continued growth of our international operations, advertising business or a change in our product mix, including the
assimilation and growth of HomeAway, may influence the typical trend of the seasonality in the future. We expect that as
HomeAway continues its shift to more of a transaction-based business model for vacation rental listings its seasonal trends will
generally trend similar to our other traditional leisure businesses over time.
NOTE 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Consolidation
Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Expedia, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and entities
for which we control a majority of the entity’s outstanding common stock. We record non-controlling interest in our
consolidated financial statements to recognize the minority ownership interest in our consolidated subsidiaries. Non-controlling
interest in the earnings and losses of consolidated subsidiaries represent the share of net income or loss allocated to members or
partners in our consolidated entities, which includes the non-controlling interest share of net income or loss from our
redeemable and non-redeemable non-controlling interest entities. Upon closing of its initial public offering ("IPO") on
December 16, 2016, trivago became a separately listed company on the Nasdaq Global Select Market and, therefore, is subject
to its own reporting and filing requirements which could result in possible differences that are not expected to be material to
Expedia, Inc.
We characterize our minority interest in AirAsia-Expedia and trivago, subsequent to its IPO, as a non-redeemable non-
controlling interest and classify it as a component of stockholders’ equity in our consolidated financial statements. Non-
F- 9
controlling interests with shares redeemable at the option of the minority holders, such as trivago prior to its IPO, have been
included in redeemable non-controlling interests. See “Redeemable Non-controlling Interest” below for further information.
We have eliminated significant intercompany transactions and accounts in our consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Estimates
We use estimates and assumptions in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Our estimates and assumptions affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of our consolidated financial
statements. These estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amount of net income or loss during any period. Our
actual financial results could differ significantly from these estimates. The significant estimates underlying our consolidated
financial statements include revenue recognition; recoverability of current and long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill;
income and transactional taxes, such as potential settlements related to occupancy and excise taxes; loss contingencies; loyalty
program liabilities; redeemable non-controlling interests; acquisition purchase price allocations; stock-based compensation and
accounting for derivative instruments.
Reclassifications
We have reclassified certain amounts related to our prior period results to conform to our current period presentation.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when it is earned and realizable based on the following criteria: persuasive evidence that an
arrangement exists, services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.
We also evaluate the presentation of revenue on a gross versus a net basis. The consensus of the authoritative accounting
literature is that the presentation of revenue as “the gross amount billed to a customer because it has earned revenue from the
sale of goods or services or the net amount retained (that is, the amount billed to a customer less the amount paid to a supplier)
because it has earned a commission or fee” is a matter of judgment that depends on the relevant facts and circumstances. In
making an evaluation of this issue, some of the factors that should be considered are: whether we are the primary obligor in the
arrangement (strong indicator); whether we have general supply risk (before customer order is placed or upon customer return)
(strong indicator); and whether we have latitude in establishing price. The guidance clearly indicates that the evaluations of
these factors, which at times can be contradictory, are subject to significant judgment and subjectivity. If the conclusion drawn
is that we perform as an agent or a broker without assuming the risks and rewards of ownership of goods, revenue should be
reported on a net basis. For our primary transaction-based revenue models, discussed below, we have determined net
presentation is appropriate for the majority of revenue transactions.
We offer traditional travel products and services on a stand-alone and package basis primarily through the following
business models: the merchant model, the agency model and the advertising model.
Under the merchant model, we facilitate the booking of hotel rooms, airline seats, car rentals and destination services
from our travel suppliers and we are the merchant of record for such bookings. The majority of our merchant transactions relate
to hotel bookings.
Under the agency model, we act as the agent in the transaction, passing reservations booked by the traveler to the relevant
travel provider. We receive commissions or ticketing fees from the travel supplier and/or traveler. For certain agency airline,
hotel and car transactions, we also receive fees from global distribution systems partners that control the computer systems
through which these reservations are booked.
Under the advertising model, we offer travel and non-travel advertisers access to a potential source of incremental traffic
and transactions through our various media and advertising offerings on trivago and our transaction-based websites.
In addition, our HomeAway business facilitates vacation rental bookings and provides listing and other ancillary services
to property owners and managers.
Merchant Hotel. Our travelers pay us for merchant hotel transactions prior to departing on their trip, generally when they
book the reservation. We record the payment in deferred merchant bookings until the stay occurs, at which point we record the
revenue. In certain nonrefundable, nonchangeable transactions where we have no significant post-delivery obligations, we
record revenue when the traveler completes the transaction on our website, less a reserve for chargebacks and cancellations
based on historical experience. Amounts received from customers are presented net of amounts paid to suppliers. In certain
instances when a supplier invoices us for less than the cost we accrued, we generally recognize those amounts as revenue six
F- 10
months in arrears, net of an allowance, when we determine it is not probable that we will be required to pay the supplier, based
on historical experience and contract terms. We generally contract in advance with lodging providers to obtain access to room
allotments at wholesale rates. Certain contracts specifically identify the number of potential rooms and the negotiated rate of
the rooms to which we may have access over the terms of the contracts, which generally range from one to three years. Other
contracts are not specific with respect to the number of rooms and the rates of the rooms to which we may have access over the
terms of the contracts. In either case we may return unbooked hotel room allotments with no obligation to the lodging providers
within a period specified in each contract. For hotel rooms that are cancelled by the traveler after the specified period of time,
we charge the traveler a cancellation fee or penalty that approximates the amount a hotel may invoice us for the cancellation.
Agency and Merchant Air. We record revenue on air transactions when the traveler books the transaction, as we have no
significant post-delivery obligations. We record a reserve for chargebacks and cancellations at the time of the transaction based
on historical experience.
Agency Hotel, Car and Cruise. In addition to air tickets, our agency revenue comes from certain hotel transactions as
well as cruise and car rental reservations. We generally record agency revenue from hotel, cruise and car reservations on an
accrual basis when the travel occurs. We record an allowance for cancellations on this revenue based on historical experience.
Packages. Packages assembled by travelers through the packaging model on our websites generally include a merchant
hotel component and some combination of an air, car or destination services component. The individual package components
are recognized in accordance with our revenue recognition policies stated above.
Advertising. We record advertising revenue ratably over the advertising period or upon delivery of advertising
impressions, depending on the terms of the advertising contract. We record revenue from click-through fees charged to our
travel partners for traveler leads sent to the travel partners’ websites. We record revenue from click-through fees after the
traveler makes the click-through to the related travel partners’ websites.
Vacation Rental Products and Services. Vacation rental revenue is earned on a transactional or subscription basis, where
property owners or managers purchase in advance online advertising services related to the listing of their properties for rent
over a fixed term (typically one year). Listing revenue is also generated on a commission basis, when traveler bookings are
completed on our websites. During 2016, HomeAway has been undergoing a transition from a subscription-based model to an
online transaction model, and in 2016, HomeAway launched a traveler service fee paid by the traveler, which is recorded as
deferred revenue and recognized as revenue at the time of check-in. Payments for term-based paid subscriptions received in
advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the
listing period. Revenue for performance-based listings is calculated as a percentage of the traveler booking or a fixed fee-per-
inquiry stated in the arrangement and recognized when the service has been performed or as the customers’ refund privileges
lapse, which is typically at check-in. Revenue from other ancillary vacation rental services or products are recorded either upon
delivery or when we provide the service.
Other. We record revenue from all other sources either upon delivery or when we provide the service.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Our cash and cash equivalents include cash and liquid financial instruments, including money market funds and time
deposit investments, with maturities of three months or less when purchased.
Short-term and Long-term Investments
We determine the appropriate classification of our investments in marketable securities at the time of purchase and
reevaluate such designation at each balance sheet date. Based on our intent and ability to hold certain assets until maturity, we
may classify certain debt securities as held to maturity and measure them at amortized cost. Investments classified as available
for sale are recorded at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses recorded, net of tax, as a component of accumulated
other comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available for sale investments, if any, are determined
on a specific identification basis. Investments with remaining maturities of less than one year are classified within short-term
investments. All other investments with remaining maturities ranging from one year to five years are classified within long-
term investments and other assets.
We record investments using the equity method when we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the
investee. Equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which we do not have the ability to exercise
significant influence are accounted for using the cost method of accounting and classified within long-term investments and
other assets. Under the cost method, investments are carried at cost and are adjusted only for other-than-temporary declines in
F- 11
fair value, certain distributions, and additional investments. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had $323 million and $339
million of cost method investments.
We periodically evaluate the recoverability of investments and record a write-down to fair value if a decline in value is
determined to be other-than-temporary.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are generally due within thirty days and are recorded net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. We
consider accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms as past due. We determine our allowance by
considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, previous loss history, a
specific customer’s ability to pay its obligations to us, and the condition of the general economy and industry as a whole.
Property and Equipment
We record property and equipment at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. We also capitalize certain
costs incurred related to the development of internal use software. We capitalize costs incurred during the application
development stage related to the development of internal use software. We expense costs incurred related to the planning and
post-implementation phases of development as incurred.
We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is three to
five years for computer equipment, capitalized software development and furniture and other equipment. We amortize
leasehold improvement using the straight-line method, over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvement or the
remaining term of the lease.
We establish assets and liabilities for the present value of estimated future costs to return certain of our leased facilities to
their original condition under the authoritative accounting guidance for asset retirement obligations. Such assets are depreciated
over the lease period into operating expense, and the recorded liabilities are accreted to the future value of the estimated
restoration costs.
We establish assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred under lease arrangements where we are
considered the owner for accounting purposes, pursuant to build-to-suit lease guidance, to the extent that we are involved in the
construction of structural improvements or take construction risk prior to commencement of a lease. As a result of our
involvement in the construction project for a new office space of our trivago subsidiary, we are recording that lease under
build-to-suit guidance. We record project construction costs during the construction period incurred by the landlord as a
construction-in-progress asset and a related construction financing obligation on our consolidated balance sheets.
Business Combinations
We assign the value of the consideration transferred to acquire a business to the tangible assets and identifiable intangible
assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of their fair values at the date of acquisition. Any excess purchase price over
the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. When determining the fair values of
assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to
intangible assets. Critical estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include but are not limited to future expected cash flows
from customer relationships and trade names, and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon
assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may
differ from estimates. Any changes to provisional amounts identified during the measurement period are recognized in the
reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined.
Recoverability of Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
Goodwill is assigned to reporting units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination as of
the acquisition date. We assess goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, neither of which is amortized, for impairment
annually as of October 1, or more frequently, if events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. In the
evaluation of goodwill for impairment, we typically first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more
likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount. If so, we perform a quantitative
assessment and compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit
exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and we proceed to step two of the impairment
analysis. In step two of the analysis, we will record an impairment loss equal to the excess of the carrying value of the reporting
unit’s goodwill over its implied fair value should such a circumstance arise. Periodically, we may choose to forgo the initial
qualitative assessment and perform quantitative analysis to assist in our annual evaluation.
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We generally base our measurement of fair value of reporting units on a blended analysis of the present value of future
discounted cash flows and market valuation approach. The discounted cash flows model indicates the fair value of the reporting
units based on the present value of the cash flows that we expect the reporting units to generate in the future. Our significant
estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: our weighted average cost of capital; long-term rate of growth and
profitability of our business; and working capital effects. The market valuation approach indicates the fair value of the business
based on a comparison of the Company to comparable publicly traded firms in similar lines of business. Our significant
estimates in the market approach model include identifying similar companies with comparable business factors such as size,
growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and assessing comparable revenue and operating income multiples in
estimating the fair value of the reporting units.
We believe the weighted use of discounted cash flows and market approach is the best method for determining the fair
value of our reporting units because these are the most common valuation methodologies used within the travel and internet
industries; and the blended use of both models compensates for the inherent risks associated with either model if used on a
stand-alone basis.
In addition to measuring the fair value of our reporting units as described above, we consider the combined carrying and
fair values of our reporting units in relation to the Company’s total fair value of equity plus debt as of the assessment date. Our
equity value assumes our fully diluted market capitalization, using either the stock price on the valuation date or the average
stock price over a range of dates around the valuation date, plus an estimated acquisition premium which is based on
observable transactions of comparable companies. The debt value is based on the highest value expected to be paid to
repurchase the debt, which can be fair value, principal or principal plus a premium depending on the terms of each debt
instrument.
In our evaluation of our indefinite-lived intangible assets, we typically first perform a qualitative assessment to determine
whether the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is more likely than not impaired. If so, we perform a quantitative
assessment and an impairment charge is recorded for the excess of the carrying value of indefinite-lived intangible assets over
their fair value. We base our measurement of fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets, which primarily consist of trade
name and trademarks, using the relief-from-royalty method. This method assumes that the trade name and trademarks have
value to the extent that their owner is relieved of the obligation to pay royalties for the benefits received from them. As with
goodwill, periodically, we may choose to forgo the initial qualitative assessment and perform quantitative analysis to assist in
our annual evaluation of indefinite-lived intangible assets.
Recoverability of Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets
Intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets are carried at cost and are amortized on a straight-line
basis over their estimated useful lives of less than one to twelve years. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets or
asset groups, including property and equipment, to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment
include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, a significant adverse change in legal
factors or the business climate that could affect the value of the asset, or a significant decline in the observable market value of
an asset, among others. If such facts indicate a potential impairment, we would assess the recoverability of an asset group by
determining if the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to
result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets over the remaining economic life of the primary asset in the asset
group. If the recoverability test indicates that the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable, we will estimate the fair
value of the asset group using appropriate valuation methodologies which would typically include an estimate of discounted
cash flows. Any impairment would be measured as the difference between the asset groups carrying amount and its estimated
fair value.
Assets held for sale, to the extent we have any, are reported at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell.
Redeemable Non-controlling Interests
Prior to the IPO of trivago, we had non-controlling interests in majority owned entities, which were carried at fair value
as the non-controlling interests contained certain rights, whereby we could acquire and the minority shareholders could sell to
us the additional shares of the company. Changes in fair value of the shares for which the minority holders could sell to us were
recorded to the non-controlling interest and as charges or credits to retained earnings (or additional paid-in capital in the
absence of retained earnings). Fair value determinations required high levels of judgment (“Level 3” on the fair value
hierarchy) and were based on various valuation techniques, including market comparables and discounted cash flow
projections.
F- 13
Income Taxes
We record income taxes under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect our estimation of the future
tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for book and tax purposes. We
determine deferred income taxes based on the differences in accounting methods and timing between financial statement and
income tax reporting. Accordingly, we determine the deferred tax asset or liability for each temporary difference based on the
enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when we realize the underlying items of income and expense. We consider many
factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of our deferred tax assets, including our recent earnings experience
by jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income, and the carryforward periods available to us for tax reporting purposes,
as well as other relevant factors. We may establish a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount we believe
is more likely than not to be realized. Due to inherent complexities arising from the nature of our businesses, future changes in
income tax law, tax sharing agreements or variances between our actual and anticipated operating results, we make certain
judgments and estimates. Therefore, actual income taxes could materially vary from these estimates. All deferred income taxes
are classified as long-term on our consolidated balance sheets.
We account for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process of evaluating recognition and measurement criteria.
The first step assesses whether the tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the tax authority,
including resolution of any appeals or litigation, based on the technical merits of the position. If the tax position meets the more
likely than not criteria, the portion of the tax benefit greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the tax
authority is recognized in the financial statements.
Presentation of Taxes in the Income Statement
We present taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities on a net basis in our consolidated
statements of operations.
Derivative Instruments
Derivative instruments are carried at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets. The fair values of the derivative
financial instruments generally represent the estimated amounts we would expect to receive or pay upon termination of the
contracts as of the reporting date.
At December 31, 2016 and 2015, our derivative instruments primarily consisted of foreign currency forward contracts.
We use foreign currency forward contracts to economically hedge certain merchant revenue exposures, foreign denominated
liabilities related to certain of our loyalty programs and our other foreign currency-denominated operating liabilities. Our goal
in managing our foreign exchange risk is to reduce, to the extent practicable, our potential exposure to the changes that
exchange rates might have on our earnings, cash flows and financial position. Our foreign currency forward contracts are
typically short-term and, as they do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, we classify the changes in their fair value in
other, net. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
In June 2015, we issued Euro 650 million of registered senior unsecured notes that are due in June 2022 and bear interest
at 2.5% (the “2.5% Notes”). The aggregate principal value of the 2.5% Notes is designated as a hedge of our net investment in
certain Euro functional currency subsidiaries. The notes are measured at Euro to U.S. Dollar exchange rates at each balance
sheet date and transaction gains or losses due to changes in rates are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income
(loss) (“OCI”). The Euro-denominated net assets of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. Dollars at each balance sheet
date, with effects of foreign currency changes also reported in accumulated OCI. Since the notional amount of the recorded
Euro-denominated debt is less than the notional amount of our net investment, we do not expect to incur any ineffectiveness on
this hedge.
Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction Gains and Losses
Certain of our operations outside of the United States use the related local currency as their functional currency. We
translate revenue and expense at average rates of exchange during the period. We translate assets and liabilities at the rates of
exchange as of the consolidated balance sheet dates and include foreign currency translation gains and losses as a component of
accumulated OCI. Due to the nature of our operations and our corporate structure, we also have subsidiaries that have
significant transactions in foreign currencies other than their functional currency. We record transaction gains and losses in our
consolidated statements of operations related to the recurring remeasurement and settlement of such transactions.
To the extent practicable, we attempt to minimize this exposure by maintaining natural hedges between our current assets
and current liabilities of similarly denominated foreign currencies. Additionally, as discussed above, we use foreign currency
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forward contracts to economically hedge certain merchant revenue exposures and in lieu of holding certain foreign currency
cash for the purpose of economically hedging our foreign currency-denominated operating liabilities.
Debt Issuance Costs
We defer costs we incur to issue debt and amortize these costs to interest expense over the term of the debt or, when the
debt can be redeemed at the option of the holders, over the term of the redemption option.
As of January 1, 2016, we adopted the Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) requiring debt issuance costs related to a
recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability,
consistent with debt discounts. Upon adoption, we retroactively restated deferred issuance costs from current and long-term
assets to the respective debt liability. The adoption of this guidance and prior fiscal year reclassifications did not have a
material impact on our previously reported consolidated financial statements.
Marketing Promotions
We periodically provide incentive offers to our customers to encourage booking of travel products and services.
Generally, our incentive offers are as follows:
Current Discount Offers. These promotions include dollar off discounts to be applied against current purchases. We
record the discounts as reduction in revenue at the date we record the corresponding revenue transaction.
Inducement Offers. These promotions include discounts granted at the time of a current purchase to be applied against a
future qualifying purchase. We treat inducement offers as a reduction to revenue based on estimated future redemption rates.
We allocate the discount amount at the time of the offer between the current purchase and the potential future purchase based
on our expected relative value of the transactions. We estimate our redemption rates using our historical experience for similar
inducement offers.
Concession Offers. These promotions include discounts to be applied against a future purchase to maintain customer
satisfaction. Upon issuance, we record these concession offers as a reduction to revenue based on estimated future redemption
rates. We estimate our redemption rates using our historical experience for concession offers.
Loyalty and Points Based Offers. We offer certain internally administered traveler loyalty programs to our customers,
such as our Hotels.com Rewards® program, our Brand Expedia Expedia® + rewards program and our Orbitz rewards program.
Hotels.com Rewards offers travelers one free night at any Hotels.com partner property after that traveler stays 10 nights,
subject to certain restrictions. Expedia+ rewards enables participating travelers to earn points on all hotel, flight, package and
activities made on over 30 Brand Expedia points of sale. Orbitz Rewards allows travelers to earn OrbucksSM, the currency of
Orbitz Rewards, on flights, hotels and vacation packages and instantly redeem those Orbucks on future bookings at various
hotels worldwide. As travelers accumulate points towards free travel products, we record a liability for the estimated future cost
of redemptions. The cost of these loyalty points is recorded as a reduction to revenue in our consolidated financial statements.
We determine the future redemption obligation based on factors that require significant judgment including: (i) the estimated
cost of travel products to be redeemed, and (ii) an estimated redemption rate based on the overall accumulation and usage of
points towards free travel products, which is determined through current and historical trends as well as statistical modeling
techniques. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had a liability related to our loyalty programs of $442 million and $364
million included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities.
Advertising Expense
We incur advertising expense consisting of offline costs, including television and radio advertising, and online
advertising expense to promote our brands. We expense the production costs associated with advertisements in the period in
which the advertisement first takes place. We expense the costs of communicating the advertisement (e.g., television airtime) as
incurred each time the advertisement is shown. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, our advertising
expense was $2.7 billion, $2.1 billion and $1.6 billion. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had $23 million and $16 million
of prepaid marketing expenses included in prepaid expenses and other current assets.
Stock-Based Compensation
We measure and amortize the fair value of stock options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) as follows:
Stock Options. We measure the value of stock options issued or modified, including unvested options assumed in
acquisitions, on the grant date (or modification or acquisition dates, if applicable) at fair value, using appropriate valuation
techniques, including the Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo option pricing models. The valuation models incorporate various
F- 15
assumptions including expected volatility, expected term and risk-free interest rates. The expected volatility is based on
historical volatility of our common stock and other relevant factors. We base our expected term assumptions on our historical
experience and on the terms and conditions of the stock awards granted to employees. We amortize the fair value, net of actual
forfeitures, over the remaining vesting term on a straight-line basis. In addition, we classify certain employee option awards as
liabilities when we deem it not probable that the employees holding the awards will bear the risk and rewards of stock
ownership for a reasonable period of time. Such options are revalued at the end of each reporting period and upon settlement
our total compensation expense recorded from grant date to settlement date will equal the settlement amount. The majority of
our stock options vest over four years.
Restricted Stock Units. RSUs are stock awards that are granted to employees entitling the holder to shares of common
stock as the award vests, typically over a three or four-year period. We measure the value of RSUs at fair value based on the
number of shares granted and the quoted price of our common stock at the date of grant. We amortize the fair value, net of
actual forfeitures, as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting term on a straight-line basis. We record RSUs that
may be settled by the holder in cash, rather than shares, as a liability and we remeasure these instruments at fair value at the end
of each reporting period. Upon settlement of these awards, our total compensation expense recorded over the vesting period of
the awards will equal the settlement amount, which is based on our stock price on the settlement date. Performance-based
RSUs vest upon achievement of certain company-based performance conditions. On the date of grant, we determine the fair
value of the performance-based award based on the fair value of our common stock at that time and we assess whether it is
probable that the performance targets will be achieved. If assessed as probable, we record compensation expense for these
awards over the estimated performance period using the accelerated method. At each reporting period, we reassess the
probability of achieving the performance targets and the performance period required to meet those targets. The estimation of
whether the performance targets will be achieved and of the performance period required to achieve the targets requires
judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from our current estimates, the cumulative effect on
current and prior periods of those changes will be recorded in the period estimates are revised, or the change in estimate will be
applied prospectively depending on whether the change affects the estimate of total compensation cost to be recognized or
merely affects the period over which compensation cost is to be recognized. The ultimate number of shares issued and the
related compensation expense recognized will be based on a comparison of the final performance metrics to the specified
targets.
Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by employees who
receive these awards, and subsequent events are not indicative of the reasonableness of our original estimates of fair value.
In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued new guidance related to accounting for
share-based payments. The updated guidance changes how companies account for certain aspects of share-based payments
awards to employees, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as
well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods
beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted.
We elected to early adopt the new guidance in the second quarter of 2016, which required us to reflect any adjustments as
of January 1, 2016, the beginning of the annual period that includes the interim period of adoption. The primary impact of
adoption was the recognition of excess tax benefits in our provision for income taxes rather than additional paid-in capital for
all periods in 2016. Additionally, our consolidated statement of cash flows now present excess tax benefits as an operating
activity on a prospective basis. Finally, we have elected to account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than estimate expected
forfeitures. The net cumulative effect of this change was recognized as a $7 million reduction to retained earnings as of
January 1, 2016. The adoption of the new guidance resulted in the recognition of $40 million of excess tax benefits in our
provision for income taxes rate rather than additional paid-in capital for 2016.
Earnings Per Share
We compute basic earnings per share by taking net income attributable to Expedia, Inc. available to common
stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common and Class B common shares outstanding during the period
excluding restricted stock and stock held in escrow. Diluted earnings per share include the potential dilution that could occur
from stock-based awards and other stock-based commitments using the treasury stock or the as if converted methods, as
applicable. For additional information on how we compute earnings per share, see NOTE 14 — Earnings Per Share.
Fair Value Recognition, Measurement and Disclosure
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported on our consolidated
balance sheets approximate fair value as we maintain them with various high-quality financial institutions. The accounts
receivable are short-term in nature and are generally settled shortly after the sale.
F- 16
We disclose the fair value of our financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy using the following three
categories:
Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 — Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for
similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not
active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 — Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions, consistent with
reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.
Certain Risks and Concentrations
Our business is subject to certain risks and concentrations including dependence on relationships with travel suppliers,
primarily airlines and hotels, dependence on third-party technology providers, exposure to risks associated with online
commerce security and payment related fraud. We also rely on global distribution system partners and third-party service
providers for certain fulfillment services.
Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash
equivalents and corporate debt securities. We maintain some cash and cash equivalents balances with financial institutions that
are in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. Our cash and cash equivalents are primarily composed
of time deposits as well as bank (both interest and non-interest bearing) account balances denominated in U.S. dollars, Euros,
British pound sterling, Brazilian Real, Australian dollar and Canadian dollar.
Contingent Liabilities
We have a number of regulatory and legal matters outstanding, as discussed further in NOTE 17 — Commitments and
Contingencies. Periodically, we review the status of all significant outstanding matters to assess the potential financial
exposure. When (i) it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and (ii) the amount of the loss
can be reasonably estimated, we record the estimated loss in our consolidated statements of operations. We provide disclosure
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for loss contingencies that do not meet both of these conditions if there is a
reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred that would be material to the financial statements. Significant
judgment is required to determine the probability that a liability has been incurred and whether such liability is reasonably
estimable. We base accruals made on the best information available at the time which can be highly subjective. The final
outcome of these matters could vary significantly from the amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements.
Occupancy Tax
Some states and localities impose a transient occupancy or accommodation tax on the use or occupancy of hotel
accommodations. Generally, hotels collect taxes based on the room rate paid to the hotel and remit these taxes to the various tax
authorities. When a customer books a room through one of our travel services, we collect a tax recovery charge from the
customer which we pay to the hotel. We calculate the tax recovery charge by applying the occupancy tax rate supplied to us by
the hotels to the amount that the hotel has agreed to receive for the rental of the room by the consumer. In all but a limited
number of jurisdictions, we do not collect or remit occupancy taxes, nor do we pay occupancy taxes to the hotel operator on the
portion of the customer payment we retain. Some jurisdictions have questioned our practice in this regard. While the applicable
tax provisions vary among the jurisdictions, we generally believe that we are not required to collect and remit such occupancy
taxes. We are engaged in discussions with tax authorities in various jurisdictions to resolve this issue. Some tax authorities have
brought lawsuits or have levied assessments asserting that we are required to collect and remit occupancy tax. The ultimate
resolution in all jurisdictions cannot be determined at this time. We have established a reserve for the potential settlement of
issues related to hotel occupancy taxes when determined to be probable and estimable. See NOTE 17 — Commitments and
Contingencies for further discussion.
Recent Accounting Policies Not Yet Adopted
In May 2014, the FASB issued an ASU amending revenue recognition guidance and requiring more detailed disclosures
to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows
arising from contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued an ASU deferring the effective date of the revenue
standard so it would be effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early
adoption prohibited before December 15, 2016. In addition, the FASB has also issued several amendments to the standard
which clarify certain aspects of the guidance, including principal versus agent considerations and identifying performance
F- 17
obligations. We have made significant progress toward completing our evaluation of potential changes from adopting the new
standard on our core revenues and continue to evaluate the impact of the adoption of this new guidance on our consolidated
financial statements. We expect to have our preliminary evaluation, including the selection of an adoption method, completed
by the end of the first half of 2017. We are not planning on early adopting and currently expect to adopt the new revenue
recognition guidance in the first quarter of 2018.
In January 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under
the fair value option, and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. In addition, the FASB clarified
guidance related to the valuation allowance assessment when recognizing deferred tax assets resulting from unrealized losses
on available-for-sale debt securities. The new standard is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual
periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. We do not expect the adoption of this new guidance to have a material impact on
our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to accounting and reporting guidelines for leasing arrangements.
The new guidance requires entities that lease assets to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet related to the rights
and obligations created by those leases regardless of whether they are classified as finance or operating leases. Consistent with
current guidance, the recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease primarily will
depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The guidance also requires new disclosures to help financial
statement users better understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. This guidance is
effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted and should
be applied using a modified retrospective approach. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this new
guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued new guidance on the measurement of credit losses for financial assets measured at
amortized cost, which includes accounts receivable, and available-for-sale debt securities. The new guidance replaces the
existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of
credit losses. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within
those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim
periods within those annual periods. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on our
consolidated financial statements.
In August and November 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to the statement of cash flows which clarifies how
companies present and classify certain cash receipts and cash payments as well as amends current guidance to address the
classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for
annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017 with early adoption
permitted. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on our consolidated financial
statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued new guidance amending the accounting for income taxes associated with intra-entity
transfers of assets other than inventory. This accounting update, which is part of the FASB's simplification initiative, is intended
to reduce diversity in practice and the complexity of tax accounting, particularly for those transfers involving intellectual
property. This new guidance requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset
other than inventory when the transfer occurs. The new standard is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within
those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017 with early adoption permitted. We are in the process of evaluating the
impact of adopting this new guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued new guidance clarifying the definition of a business for determining whether
transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The new standard is effective for
annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017 with early adoption
permitted for transactions that occurred before the issuance date or effective date of the standard if the transactions were not
reported in financial statements that have been issued or made available for issuance. The standard must be applied
prospectively. Upon adoption, the standard will impact how we assess acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses.
In January 2017, the FASB issued new guidance simplifying subsequent goodwill measurement by eliminating Step 2
from the goodwill impairment test. Under this update, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test
by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for
the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not
exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The new standard is effective for annual periods, and
interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted for annual
goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The standard must be applied prospectively. Upon adoption, the
standard will impact how we assess goodwill for impairment. We are currently considering our timing of adoption.
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NOTE 3 — Acquisitions and Other Investments
We had nominal acquisition activity during the year ended December 31, 2016.
2015 Acquisition and Other Investment Activity
HomeAway Acquisition. On December 15, 2015, we completed our acquisition of HomeAway, Inc., including all of its
brands, for total purchase consideration of $3.6 billion primarily in cash and Expedia common stock. With Expedia’s expertise
in powering global transactional platforms and our industry-leading technology capabilities, we are partnering with HomeAway
to accelerate their shift from a classified marketplace to an online, transactional model to create even better experiences for
HomeAway’s global traveler audience and the owners and managers of its properties around the world.
Each outstanding share of common stock of HomeAway immediately prior to the acquisition was exchanged for $10.15
in cash and 0.2065 of a share of Expedia common stock, with cash paid in lieu of fractional shares. The aggregate purchase
consideration for HomeAway is as follows (in thousands):
Fair value of shares of Expedia common stock issued to HomeAway stockholders and equity award
holders
Cash consideration paid to HomeAway stockholders and equity award holders
Replacement restricted stock units and stock options attributable to pre-acquisition service
Total purchase consideration
$
$
2,515,755
1,027,061
19,513
3,562,329
The fair value of common stock shares issued was based on the closing price of Expedia’s common stock at
December 14, 2015 and included the fair value of shares of Expedia common stock issued to (i) HomeAway stockholders based
on approximately 97 million HomeAway shares outstanding as of December 14, 2015 and (ii) holders of equity awards vested
as of December 14, 2015. Approximately 20 million shares of Expedia common stock were issued in connection with the
acquisition of HomeAway. Purchase consideration also included $20 million for the portion of certain unvested employee
options and restricted stock unit awards of HomeAway attributable to pre-combination service, which were replaced with
Expedia awards in conjunction with the acquisition and measured at fair value on the acquisition date. The fair value for the
portion of the awards attributable to post-combination service was $106 million, net of estimated forfeitures.
The following summarizes the final allocation of the purchase price for HomeAway, in thousands:
Cash
Other current assets(1)
Long-term assets
Intangible assets with definite lives(2)
Intangible assets with indefinite lives(3)
Goodwill
Deferred revenue
Other current liabilities
Debt
Other long-term liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities, net
Total
$
$
900,281
54,372
90,890
533,279
239,200
2,613,151
(181,837)
(109,581)
(401,580)
(30,989)
(144,857)
3,562,329
___________________________________
(1)
(2)
Gross accounts receivable was $24 million, of which $1 million was estimated to be uncollectible.
Acquired definite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of supplier relationships, customer relationships and
developed technology assets with average lives ranging from less than one to ten years and a weighted average useful
life of 5.2 years.
Acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of trade names and trademarks.
(3)
The allocation of the purchase price to goodwill was completed during the fourth quarter of 2016 with no material
adjustments to our preliminary allocation. The goodwill of $2.6 billion was primarily attributable to assembled workforce and
operating synergies as it relates to the shift to a transaction model. The goodwill was allocated to the new HomeAway
reportable segment and is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
F- 19
We assumed approximately $402 million of 0.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 (the “Convertible Notes”) in
connection with the HomeAway acquisition. However, following the consummation of the HomeAway acquisition, we
subsequently delivered a notice to holders of the Convertible Notes, as required per the terms of the Convertible Notes
indenture, to which each holder of the Convertible Notes had the right to (i) require the Company to repurchase its Convertible
Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such notes plus accrued and unpaid interest or (ii) convert its
Convertible Notes, at a specified conversion rate into HomeAway common stock (which, following consummation of the
HomeAway acquisition, represented the right to receive the transaction consideration) or (iii) allow the Convertible Notes to
remain outstanding for the remaining term. As a result, the majority of the Convertible Notes, or $401 million, were
repurchased during 2016.
In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, HomeAway also sold warrants (the “Warrants”) to acquire
approximately 7.7 million shares of HomeAway common stock. As a result of the merger, the Warrant holders had the right to
terminate the Warrants at fair value as determined in a commercially reasonable manner. A portion of such Warrants were
settled on December 16, 2015 for $23 million in cash, with the $8 million remainder settled in January 2016.
Both the Convertible Notes and the Warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2015 were included in accrued expenses
and other current liabilities. As of December 31, 2016, less than $1 million of the Convertible Notes were outstanding and
included in other long-term liabilities.
HomeAway was consolidated into our financial statements starting on the acquisition date and we recognized a related
$20 million in revenue and $14 million in operating losses, including fees related to the acquisition that are not allocated to the
segment, for 2015.
In connection with the acquisition, HomeAway incurred fees paid to financial advisors totaling approximately $33
million, which were contingent upon closing and were excluded from both Expedia’s consolidated statement of operations and
the pre-combination financial statements of HomeAway.
Orbitz Acquisition. On September 17, 2015, we completed our acquisition of Orbitz Worldwide, including all of its
brands, including Orbitz, ebookers, HotelClub, CheapTickets, Orbitz Partner Network and Orbitz for Business, for a total
purchase consideration of $1.8 billion. The acquisition provides Expedia the opportunity to deliver a better customer experience
to Orbitz’ loyal customer base and to further enhance the marketing and distribution capabilities we offer to our global supply
partners.
The purchase consideration consisted primarily of $1.4 billion in cash, or $12 per share for all shares of Orbitz common
stock outstanding as of the purchase date, as well as the settlement of $432 million of pre-existing Orbitz debt at the closing of
the acquisition. Purchase consideration also included $17 million for the portion of certain unvested employee restricted stock
unit awards of Orbitz attributable to pre-combination service, which were replaced with Expedia awards in conjunction with
the acquisition and measured at fair value on the acquisition date. The fair value for the portion of the awards attributable to
post-combination service was $49 million, net of estimated forfeitures, of which $34 million was recognized during 2015.
F- 20
The following summarizes the final allocation of the purchase price for Orbitz, in thousands:
Cash consideration for shares
Settlement of Orbitz debt
Replacement restricted stock units attributable to pre-acquisition service
Other consideration
Total purchase consideration
Cash
Accounts receivable, net(1)
Other current assets
Long-term assets
Intangible assets with definite lives(2)
Intangible assets with indefinite lives(3)
Goodwill
Current liabilities
Other long-term liabilites
Deferred tax liabilities, net
Total
$
$
$
$
1,362,362
432,231
16,717
2,214
1,813,524
194,515
150,187
33,727
114,800
515,003
166,800
1,444,307
(636,169)
(54,599)
(115,047)
1,813,524
___________________________________
(1)
(2)
Gross accounts receivable was $157 million, of which $7 million was estimated to be uncollectible.
Acquired definite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of customer relationship assets, developed technology assets
and partner relationship assets with estimated useful lives ranging from less than one to ten years with a weighted
average life of 6.0 years.
Acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of trade names and trademarks.
(3)
The allocation of the purchase price to goodwill was completed during the third quarter of 2016 with no material
adjustments to our preliminary allocation. The goodwill of $1.4 billion is primarily attributable to operating synergies. The
goodwill was allocated to the Core Online Travel Agencies (“Core OTA”) segment and is not expected to be deductible for tax
purposes.
Orbitz was consolidated into our financial statements starting on the acquisition date and we recognized a related $196
million in revenue and $163 million in operating losses, including restructuring charges of $92 million as well as fees related to
the acquisition that are not allocated to the Core OTA segment, for 2015.
In connection with the merger, Orbitz incurred fees paid to financial advisers totaling approximately $25 million, which
were contingent upon closing and were excluded from both Expedia’s consolidated statement of operations and the pre-
combination financial statements of Orbitz. In addition, Orbitz offered certain employees a continuity incentive of
approximately $30 million for continuing employment through the closing date and beyond. The first half of the incentives
were contingent and paid upon the closing of the acquisition and related to service provided in the pre-acquisition period. The
second half of the incentive was payable 180 days after the closing (or upon involuntary termination, if applicable) and was
expensed to restructuring and related reorganization charges over the applicable service period.
Combined Pro forma Information (Unaudited). Supplemental information on an unaudited combined pro forma basis, as
if the HomeAway and Orbitz acquisitions had been consummated on January 1, 2014, is presented as follows, in thousands:
Revenue
Net income attributable to Expedia, Inc.
Years Ended December 31,
2015
2014
$
7,838,863
816,634
$
7,110,688
301,331
The pro forma results include adjustments primarily related to amortization of acquired intangibles, depreciation of fixed
assets, certain accounting policy alignments as well as direct and incremental acquisition related costs reflected in the historical
financial statements.
Other 2015 Acquisitions. On March 10, 2015, we completed the acquisition of an additional 25% equity interest of AAE
Travel Pte. Ltd., the joint venture formed between Expedia and AirAsia Berhad in 2011, for cash consideration of
approximately $94 million. This investment increased our total ownership in the venture from 50% to 75% and resulted in the
F- 21
consolidation of the entity. In conjunction with the acquisition of the additional interest, we remeasured our previously held
equity interest to fair value, excluding any acquisition premium, and recognized a gain of $77 million in other, net during the
period. The fair value of the 25% noncontrolling interest, including an acquisition premium, was estimated to be $64 million at
the time of the acquisition. Both fair values were determined based on various valuation techniques, including market
comparables and discounted cash flow projections (Level 3 inputs).
On January 23, 2015, we acquired the Travelocity brand and other associated assets from Sabre for $280 million in cash
consideration. As a result of the asset acquisition, the strategic marketing and other related agreements entered into in 2013
were terminated. Under the terms of the strategic marketing agreement, Travelocity was compensated through a performance-
based marketing fee related to bookings powered by Expedia made through Travelocity-branded websites in the United States
and Canada. Revenue earned on the Travelocity websites was recorded as a component of Expedia’s net revenue in accordance
with our revenue recognition policies and the related marketing fee paid to Travelocity was recorded as selling and marketing
expense. In conjunction with the acquisition, we did not acquire any cash or working capital assets or assume any liabilities.
In addition, we completed three other acquisitions during 2015 for a total purchase price of $9 million.
The following summarizes the allocation of the purchase price for the 2015 acquisitions, excluding HomeAway and
Orbitz, in thousands:
Goodwill
Intangible assets with indefinite lives
Intangible assets with definite lives(1)
Net assets and non-controlling interests acquired(2)
Deferred tax liabilities
Total(3)
$
$
196,431
163,400
146,126
(23,366)
(7,910)
474,681
___________________________________
(1)
Acquired definite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of customer relationship, reacquired right and supplier
relationship assets and have estimated useful lives of between four and ten years with a weighted average life of 5.8
years.
Includes cash acquired of $41 million.
The total purchase price includes noncash consideration of $99 million related to an equity method investment, which is
currently consolidated upon our acquisition of a controlling interest, as discussed above, with the remainder paid in cash
during the period.
(2)
(3)
The goodwill of $196 million is primarily attributable to operating synergies and $82 million is expected to be deductible
for tax purposes with the remainder not expected to be deductible.
The results of operations of the other acquired companies have been included in our consolidated results from the
transaction closing dates forward. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented as such pro forma financial
information would not be materially different from historical results.
Other Investments. On March 10, 2015, we announced that Expedia and Decolar.com, Inc. (“Decolar”), the Latin
American online travel company that operates the Decolar.com and Despegar.com branded websites, have expanded our
partnership to include deeper cooperation on hotel supply and we have made a $270 million cost method investment in Decolar,
which is included within long-term investments and other assets on our consolidated balance sheet.
Acquisition-related Costs. Other than costs mentioned above related to Orbitz and HomeAway that were contingent upon
closing and those costs related to cost method investments, total acquisition-related costs incurred by Expedia in 2015, which
included legal, finance, consulting and other professional fees, were expensed as incurred within general and administrative
expenses and were approximately $47 million.
2014 Acquisition Activity
In November 2014, we acquired Wotif Group, an Australian-based online travel company. The total consideration
received by Wotif Group shareholders of $703 million Australian dollars (“A$”) or A$3.30 per share (approximately $612
million or $2.87 per share based on November 13, 2014 exchange rates) was comprised of A$51 million special dividend
distributed by the Wotif Group to its shareholders prior to the acquisition by Expedia, Inc. and A$652 million (or approximately
$568 million) in cash from Expedia, Inc. The Wotif Group adds to our collection of travel’s most trusted brands and enhances
our supply in the Asia-Pacific region, while allowing Expedia to expose the Wotif Group to our world-class technology and its
customers to our extensive global supply.
F- 22
The aggregate purchase price consideration of $568 million was allocated to the fair value of assets acquired and
liabilities assumed as follows, in thousands:
Goodwill
Intangible assets with indefinite lives
Intangible assets with definite lives(1)
Net liabilities(2)
Deferred tax liabilities
Total
$
$
350,093
125,762
138,292
(43,429)
(2,908)
567,810
___________________________________
(1)
Acquired definite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of supplier contracts and customer relationships and have
estimated useful lives of between less than one year and 10 years with a weighted average life of 7.8 years.
Includes cash acquired of $36 million.
(2)
The goodwill of $350 million was primarily attributed to assembled workforce and operating synergies. The goodwill
was allocated to the Core OTA segment and is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Acquisition-related costs were
expensed as incurred within general and administrative expenses and were approximately $7 million.
During 2014, we completed three other acquisitions, including a leading online car rental reservation company in Europe,
for total consideration of $85 million, which included cash paid of $77 million and existing equity interest of $7 million. As a
result of these acquisitions, we acquired net liabilities of $19 million, including cash of $48 million, as well as recorded
deferred tax liabilities of $17 million, $70 million in goodwill and $51 million of intangible assets with definite lives with a
weighted average amortization life of 6.1 years. In conjunction with our acquisition of a consolidating interest in one of the
companies, we remeasured our previously held equity interest to fair value at the acquisition date and recognized a gain of $3
million in other, net during the period.
The results of operations of the acquired companies, including the Wotif Group, have been included in our consolidated
results from the transaction closing dates forward; the effect on consolidated revenue and operating income during 2014 was
not significant. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented as such pro forma financial information would not be
materially different from historical results.
NOTE 4 — Disposition of Business
On May 22, 2015, we completed the sale of our 62.4% ownership stake in eLong, Inc., which was a separate reportable
segment, for approximately $671 million (or $666 million net of costs to sell and other transaction expenses) to several
purchasers, including Ctrip.com International, Ltd. Of the total sales price, approximately $67 million was remitted directly to
escrow for estimated tax obligations, and was recorded in long-term investments and other assets on our consolidated balance
sheet as of December 31, 2015 and represented a noncash item in our consolidated statement of cash flows for 2015. In
November 2016, we received the escrow deposit, which was included as an investing inflow in our consolidated statement of
cash flows for 2016. As a result of the sale, we recognized a pre-tax gain of $509 million ($395 million after tax) during 2015
included in gain on sale of business in our consolidated statement of operations.
The following table presents the carrying amounts of our eLong business immediately preceding the disposition on
May 22, 2015, in thousands:
Total current assets(1)
Total long-term assets
Total assets divested
Total current liabilities
Total long-term liabilities
Total liabilities divested
Components of accumulated other comprehensive income divested
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interest divested
Net carrying value divested
___________________________________
(1)
Includes cash and cash equivalents of approximately $74 million.
F- 23
$
$
$
$
$
350,196
137,709
487,905
187,296
5,782
193,078
45,259
92,550
157,018
We evaluated the disposition of eLong and determined it did not meet the “major effect” criteria for classification as a
discontinued operation largely due to how recently it began having material impacts to our quarterly consolidated operating and
net income at the time of the determination. However, we determined that the disposition did represent an individually
significant component of our business. The following table presents certain amounts related to eLong in our consolidated
results of operations through its disposal on May 22, 2015:
Operating loss(1)
Income (loss) before taxes(2)
Income (loss) before taxes attributable to Expedia, Inc.(2)
Net income (loss) attributable to Expedia, Inc.(3)
2016
$
Year Ended December 31,
2015
(In thousands)
2014
— $
—
—
—
(85,536) $
438,843
465,400
349,183
(50,757)
(40,535)
(25,078)
(27,119)
___________________________________
(1)
Includes stock-based compensation and amortization of intangible assets of approximately $20 million and $17 million
for 2015 and 2014, which are included within Corporate & Eliminations in NOTE 19 — Segment Information.
The year ended December 31, 2015 includes the pre-tax gain of $509 million related to the gain on sale.
The year ended December 31, 2015 includes the after-tax gain of $395 million related to the gain on sale.
(2)
(3)
NOTE 5 — Fair Value Measurements
Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2016 are classified using the fair value
hierarchy in the table below:
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds
Time deposits
Investments:
Time deposits
Corporate debt securities
Total assets
Liabilities
Derivatives:
Foreign currency forward contracts
Total
Level 1
(In thousands)
Level 2
$
$
$
113,955
299,585
24,576
64,227
502,343
$
$
113,955
—
—
—
113,955
$
$
—
299,585
24,576
64,227
388,388
4,402
$
— $
4,402
Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2015 are classified using the fair value
hierarchy in the table below:
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds
Time deposits
Derivatives:
Foreign currency forward contracts
Investments:
Corporate debt securities
Total assets
Total
Level 1
(In thousands)
Level 2
218,340
29,126
$
218,340
—
$
8,045
—
98,403
353,914
$
—
218,340
$
—
29,126
8,045
98,403
135,574
$
$
F- 24
We classify our cash equivalents and investments within Level 1 and Level 2 as we value our cash equivalents and
investments using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. Valuation
of the foreign currency forward contracts is based on foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, a Level 2 input.
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our cash and cash equivalents consisted primarily of prime institutional money
market funds with maturities of three months or less, time deposits as well as bank account balances.
We invest in investment grade corporate debt securities, all of which are classified as available for sale. As of
December 31, 2016, we had $48 million of short-term and $16 million of long-term available for sale investments and the
amortized cost basis of the investments approximated their fair value with both gross unrealized gains and gross unrealized
losses of less than $1 million. As of December 31, 2015, we had $34 million of short-term and $65 million of long-term
available for sale investments and the amortized cost basis of the investments approximated their fair value with both gross
unrealized gains and gross unrealized losses of less than $1 million.
We also hold time deposit investments with financial institutions. Time deposits with original maturities of less than three
months are classified as cash equivalents and those with remaining maturities of less than one year are classified within short-
term investments.
We use foreign currency forward contracts to economically hedge certain merchant revenue exposures, foreign
denominated liabilities related to certain of our loyalty programs and our other foreign currency-denominated operating
liabilities. As of December 31, 2016, we were party to outstanding forward contracts hedging our liability exposures with a
total net notional value of $1.9 billion. We had a net forward liability of $4 million recorded in accrued expenses and other
current liabilities as of December 31, 2016 and a net forward asset of $8 million recorded in prepaid expenses and other current
assets as of December 31, 2015. We recorded $(66) million, $46 million and $10 million in net gains (losses) from foreign
currency forward contracts in 2016, 2015 and 2014.
NOTE 6 — Property and Equipment, Net
Our property and equipment consists of the following:
Capitalized software development
Computer equipment
Furniture and other equipment
Buildings and leasehold improvements
Land
Less: accumulated depreciation
Projects in progress (1)
Property and equipment, net
___________________________________
December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
$
$
1,606,960
665,652
72,811
241,713
130,812
2,717,948
(1,575,879)
252,835
1,394,904
$
$
1,220,822
485,074
65,939
199,604
130,725
2,102,164
(1,201,744)
163,839
1,064,259
(1)
At December 31, 2016, project in progress included approximately $38 million of project construction costs that were
incurred by the landlord as property and equipment, net with a related construction financing obligation in other long-
term liabilities pursuant to build-to-suit lease guidance. The building assets will begin depreciating when the costs
incurred related to the build out of the office space are complete and ready for their intended use, which is expected to
be in 2018.
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our recorded capitalized software development costs, net of accumulated
amortization, were $639 million and $484 million. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, we recorded
amortization of capitalized software development costs of $300 million, $230 million and $185 million, most of which is
included in technology and content expenses.
During 2015, we acquired our future corporate headquarters for $229 million, consisting of multiple office and lab
buildings located in Seattle, Washington. The acquired building assets are included in construction in process and will begin
depreciating when the costs incurred related to the build out of the headquarters are complete and the building assets are ready
for their intended use.
F- 25
NOTE 7 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net
The following table presents our goodwill and intangible assets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015:
Goodwill
Intangible assets with indefinite lives
Intangible assets with definite lives, net
December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
$
$
7,942,023
1,457,072
989,580
10,388,675
$
$
7,992,941
1,459,854
1,334,100
10,786,895
Impairment Assessments. We perform our annual assessment of possible impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived
intangible assets as of October 1, or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred.
As of October 1, 2016, we had no impairments to goodwill but recorded a $35 million impairment charge related to a
indefinite-lived trade names within our Core OTA segment due to changes in estimated future revenues of the related brands.
Goodwill. The following table presents the changes in goodwill by reportable segment:
Core OTA
trivago
Egencia
HomeAway
eLong
Total
$
593,419
$
156,324
$
— $
72,663
$ 3,955,901
(In thousands)
Balance as of January 1, 2015 $ 3,133,495
1,633,711
Additions
Deductions
—
6,241
—
—
—
(49,835)
(60,083)
(23,043)
2,602,712
—
—
469
(72,693)
4,243,133
(72,693)
(439)
(133,400)
Foreign exchange
translation
Balance as of December 31,
2015
Additions
Foreign exchange
translation and other
Balance as of December 31,
2016
4,717,371
539,577
133,281
2,602,712
128
—
—
—
(14,028)
(23,339)
(1,552)
(12,127)
—
—
—
7,992,941
128
(51,046)
$ 4,703,471
$
516,238
$
131,729
$ 2,590,585
$
— $ 7,942,023
Any change in goodwill amounts resulting from purchase accounting adjustments are presented as "Foreign exchange
translation and other" in the above table. In 2015, the additions to goodwill relate primarily to our acquisitions as described in
NOTE 3 — Acquisitions and Other Investments.
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, accumulated goodwill impairment losses in total were $2.5 billion, which was
associated with our Core OTA segment.
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets. Our indefinite-lived intangible assets relate principally to trade names and trademarks
acquired in various acquisitions.
Intangible Assets with Definite Lives. The following table presents the components of our intangible assets with definite
lives as of December 31, 2016 and 2015:
December 31, 2016
Accumulated
Amortization
Cost
Net
Cost
(In thousands)
December 31, 2015
Accumulated
Amortization
Supplier relationships
Technology
Customer relationships
Domain names
Other
Total
$
$
618,543
480,823
622,117
117,109
446,617
2,285,209
$
(289,834) $
(355,471)
(185,468)
(53,607)
(411,249)
$ (1,295,629) $
328,709
125,352
436,649
63,502
35,368
989,580
$
$
655,414
490,584
613,277
115,102
446,788
2,321,165
$
$
(223,666) $
(258,261)
(73,248)
(34,758)
(397,132)
(987,065) $
Net
431,748
232,323
540,029
80,344
49,656
1,334,100
F- 26
Amortization expense was $317 million, $156 million and $77 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and
2014. The estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets with definite lives as of December 31, 2016,
assuming no subsequent impairment of the underlying assets, is as follows, in thousands:
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022 and thereafter
Total
NOTE 8 — Debt
$
$
260,731
245,598
148,585
113,311
77,995
143,360
989,580
The following table sets forth our outstanding debt:
7.456% senior notes due 2018
5.95% senior notes due 2020
2.5% (€650 million) senior notes due 2022
4.5% senior notes due 2024
5.0% senior notes due 2026
Long-term debt(1)
December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
$
$
500,000
747,020
677,503
494,472
740,341
3,159,336
$
$
500,000
746,216
703,254
493,797
739,873
3,183,140
___________________________________
(1)
Net of discounts and debt issuance costs. Excludes debt acquired in the HomeAway acquisition included within accrued
expenses and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2015. For further information, see NOTE 3 — Acquisitions
and Other Investments.
Long-term Debt
Our $500 million in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at December 31, 2016 are due in August 2018 and bear
interest at 7.456% (the “7.456% Notes”). Interest is payable semi-annually in February and August of each year. At any time
Expedia may redeem the 7.456% Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-
whole” premium, in whole or in part.
Our $750 million in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at December 31, 2016 are due in August 2020 and bear
interest at 5.95% (the “5.95% Notes”). The 5.95% Notes were issued at 99.893% of par resulting in a discount, which is being
amortized over their life. Interest is payable semi-annually in February and August of each year. We may redeem the 5.95%
Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole” premium, in whole or in part.
Our Euro 650 million of registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at December 31, 2016 are due in June 2022 and
bear interest at 2.5% (the “2.5% Notes”). The 2.5% Notes were issued at 99.525% of par resulting in a discount, which is being
amortized over their life. Interest is payable annually in arrears in June of each year, beginning June 3, 2016. We may redeem
the 2.5% Notes at our option, at whole or in part, at any time or from time to time. If we elect to redeem the 2.5% Notes prior to
March 3, 2022, we may redeem them at a specified “make-whole” premium. If we elect to redeem the 2.5% Notes on or after
March 3, 2022, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued and unpaid interest. Subject
to certain limited exceptions, all payments of interest and principal for the 2.5% Notes will be made in Euros.
Our $500 million in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at December 31, 2016 are due in August 2024 and bear
interest at 4.5% (the “4.5% Notes”). The 4.5% Notes were issued at 99.444% of par resulting in a discount, which is being
amortized over their life. Interest is payable semi-annually in February and August of each year. We may redeem the 4.5%
Notes at our option at any time in whole or from time to time in part. If we elect to redeem the 4.5% Notes prior to May 15,
2024, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole”
premium. If we elect to redeem the 4.5% Notes on or after May 15, 2024, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100%
of the principal plus accrued interest.
F- 27
In December 2015, we privately placed $750 million of senior unsecured notes due in February 2026 and bearing interest
at 5.0%. In November 2016, we completed an offer to exchange these notes for registered notes having substantially the same
financial terms and covenants as the original notes (the unregistered and registered notes collectively, the "5.0% Notes"). The
5.0% Notes were issued at 99.535% of par resulting in a discount, which is being amortized over their life. Interest is payable
semi-annually in arrears in February and August of each year, beginning August 15, 2016. We may redeem the 5.0% Notes at
our option at any time in whole or from time to time in part. If we elect to redeem the 5.0% Notes prior to November 12, 2025,
we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole” premium. If we
elect to redeem the 5.0% Notes on or after November 12, 2025, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the
principal plus accrued interest.
The 7.456%, 5.95%, 2.5% 4.5%, and 5.0% Notes (collectively the “Notes”) are senior unsecured obligations issued by
Expedia and guaranteed by certain domestic Expedia subsidiaries. The Notes rank equally in right of payment with all of our
existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Expedia and the guarantor subsidiaries. For further
information, see NOTE 22 — Guarantor and Non-Guarantor Supplemental Financial Information. In addition, the Notes
include covenants that limit our ability to (i) create certain liens, (ii) enter into sale/leaseback transactions and (iii) merge or
consolidate with or into another entity or transfer substantially all of our assets. Accrued interest related to the Notes was $63
million and $52 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. The 5.95%, 2.5%, 4.5%, and 5.0% Notes are redeemable in whole
or in part, at the option of the holders thereof, upon the occurrence of certain change of control triggering events at a purchase
price in cash equal to 101% of the principal plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The following table sets forth the approximate fair value of our outstanding debt, which is based on quoted market prices
in less active markets (Level 2 inputs):
7.456% senior notes due 2018
5.95% senior notes due 2020
2.5% (€650 million) senior notes due 2022(1)
4.5% senior notes due 2024
5.0% senior notes due 2026
December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
$
541,000
$
823,000
718,000
511,000
782,000
555,000
827,000
705,000
487,000
750,000
___________________________________
(1)
Approximately 682 million Euro as of December 31, 2016 and 644 million Euro as of December 31, 2015.
Credit Facility
As of December 31, 2016, Expedia, Inc. maintained a $1.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of
lenders, which is unconditionally guaranteed by certain domestic Expedia subsidiaries that are the same as under the Notes and
expires in February 2021. As of December 31, 2016, we had no revolving credit facility borrowings outstanding. The facility
bears interest based on the Company’s credit ratings, with drawn amounts bearing interest at LIBOR plus 137.5 basis points
and the commitment fee on undrawn amounts at 17.5 basis points as of December 31, 2016. The facility contains covenants
including maximum leverage and minimum interest coverage ratios.
The amount of stand-by letters of credit (“LOCs”) issued under the facility reduces the credit amount available. As of
December 31, 2016, there was $19 million of outstanding stand-by LOCs issued under the facility.
The current facility was entered into in February 2016 and replaced our prior $1 billion unsecured revolving credit that
had a September 2019 expiration date. As of December 31, 2015, we had no revolving credit facility borrowings outstanding
under the prior facility and $29 million of outstanding stand-by LOCs issued under that facility.
In addition, one of our international subsidiaries maintains a Euro 50 million uncommitted credit facility, which is
guaranteed by Expedia, Inc. and may be terminated at any time by the lender. As of December 31, 2016, we had no borrowings
outstanding. As of December 31, 2015, we had Euro 20 million in borrowings outstanding included in accrued expenses and
other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.
NOTE 9 — Employee Benefit Plans
Our U.S. employees are generally eligible to participate in a retirement and savings plan that qualifies under Section 401
(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Participating employees may contribute up to 50% of their pretax salary, but not more than
statutory limits. We contribute fifty cents for each dollar a participant contributes in this plan, with a maximum contribution of
F- 28
3% of a participant’s earnings. Our contribution vests with the employee after the employee completes two years of service.
Participating employees have the option to invest in our common stock, but there is no requirement for participating employees
to invest their contribution or our matching contribution in our common stock. We also have various defined contribution plans
for our international employees. Our contributions to these benefit plans were $53 million, $41 million and $36 million for the
years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.
NOTE 10 — Stock-Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments
Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc. 2005 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan, we may grant restricted
stock, restricted stock awards, RSUs, stock options and other stock-based awards to directors, officers, employees and
consultants. As of December 31, 2016, we had approximately 15 million shares of common stock reserved for new stock-based
awards under the 2005 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan. We issue new shares to satisfy the exercise or release of stock-based
awards.
The following table presents a summary of our stock option activity:
Options
(In thousands)
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Remaining
Contractual Life
(In years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(In thousands)
Balance as of January 1, 2014
Granted
Exercised
Cancelled
Balance as of December 31, 2014
Granted
Exercised
Cancelled
Balance as of December 31, 2015
Granted
Exercised
Cancelled
Balance as of December 31, 2016
Exercisable as of December 31, 2016
Vested and expected to vest after
December 31, 2016(1)
$
15,427
4,113
(3,804)
(1,301)
14,435
7,572
(4,201)
(751)
17,055
5,670
(2,686)
(1,198)
18,841
5,770
18,841
36.03
78.70
25.66
53.69
49.33
94.13
34.57
74.06
71.77
105.37
47.57
91.62
84.07
58.27
84.07
4.7 $
3.1
552,445
317,909
4.7
552,445
___________________________________
(1)
As of our adoption of the new share-based payment accounting standard in 2016, we no longer include a forfeiture rate
in our vested and expected to vest calculation unless necessary for a performance condition award.
The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options shown in the stock option activity table above represents the total
pretax intrinsic value at December 31, 2016, based on our closing stock price of $113.28 as of the last trading date in 2016. The
total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $181 million, $314 million and $208 million for the years ended
December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. Included within options granted for 2015 are 2.7 million options awarded to our Chief
Executive Officer with his entry into a new five-year employment agreement, of which 1.1 million options are subject to a
stock price performance goal.
F- 29
During the three years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, we awarded stock options as our primary form of
stock-based compensation. The fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014
were estimated at the date of grant using appropriate valuation techniques, including the Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo
option-pricing models, assuming the following weighted average assumptions:
Risk-free interest rate
Expected volatility
Expected life (in years)
Dividend yield
2016
2015
2014
0.97%
39.06%
3.59
0.91%
1.19%
41.48%
4.06
0.78%
1.13%
42.97%
4.04
0.76%
Weighted-average estimated fair value of options granted during
the year
$
29.48
$
30.56
$
25.80
In addition to the Expedia, Inc. stock plan, there were certain shares held by trivago employees which were originally
awarded in the form of stock options pursuant to the trivago employee stock option plan and subsequently exercised by such
employees. During 2016, we exercised our call right on these shares and elected to do so at a premium to fair value, which
resulted in an incremental stock-based compensation charge of approximately $49 million pursuant to liability award treatment.
The following table presents a summary of RSU activity:
Balance as of January 1, 2014
Granted
Vested
Cancelled
Balance as of December 31, 2014
Granted
Vested
Cancelled
Balance as of December 31, 2015
Granted
Vested
Cancelled
Balance as of December 31, 2016
RSUs
(In thousands)
Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value
$
432
108
(159)
(44)
337
1,643
(493)
(91)
1,396
691
(516)
(222)
1,349
50.64
80.94
45.90
55.52
61.97
123.42
103.73
67.11
119.20
109.38
118.71
117.84
114.58
RSUs, which are stock awards that are granted to employees entitling the holder to shares of our common stock as the
award vests, were our primary form of stock-based award prior to 2009. Our RSUs generally vest over three or four-years, but
may accelerate in certain circumstances, including certain changes in control. During 2015, in connection with the acquisitions
disclosed in NOTE 3 — Acquisitions and Other Investments, we replaced certain unvested employee RSUs of the acquiree
with Expedia awards the amount of which is included within granted in the above table.
The total market value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $57 million, $60
million and $12 million.
In 2016, 2015 and 2014, we recognized total stock-based compensation expense of $242 million, including amounts
related to trivago discussed above, $178 million and $85 million. The total income tax benefit related to stock-based
compensation expense was $56 million, $45 million and $20 million for 2016, 2015 and 2014.
Cash received from stock-based award exercises for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $128 million and
$89 million. Our employees that held vested Expedia options prior to the TripAdvisor, Inc. (“TripAdvisor”) spin-off on
December 20, 2011 received vested stock options in both Expedia and TripAdvisor. As these TripAdvisor stock options are
exercised, we receive a tax deduction. Total current income tax benefits during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015
associated with the exercise of TripAdvisor and Expedia stock-based awards held by our employees were $76 million and $130
million.
F- 30
During 2015, our Chairman and Senior Executive exercised options to purchase 1.9 million shares. 0.5 million shares
were withheld and concurrently cancelled by the Company to cover the weighted average exercise price of $30.38 per share
and 0.8 million shares were withheld and concurrently cancelled to cover tax obligations, with a net delivery of 0.6 million
shares.
As of December 31, 2016, there was approximately $385 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense
related to unvested stock-based awards, which is expected to be recognized in expense over a weighted-average period of 2.7
years.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
We have an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), which allows shares of our common stock to be purchased by
eligible employees at three-month intervals at 85% of the fair market value of the stock on the last day of each three-month
period. Eligible employees are allowed to contribute up to 10% of their base compensation. During 2016, 2015 and 2014,
approximately 139,000, 95,000, and 102,000 shares were purchased under this plan for an average price of $95.63, $93.30 and
$68.70 per share. As of December 31, 2016, we have reserved approximately 1.1 million shares of our common stock for
issuance under the ESPP.
NOTE 11 — Income Taxes
The following table summarizes our U.S. and foreign income (loss) before income taxes:
U.S.
Foreign
Total
2016
Year Ended December 31,
2015
(In thousands)
2014
$
$
(47,205) $
323,805
276,600
$
24,397
901,565
925,962
$
$
176,820
287,821
464,641
Provision for Income Taxes
The following table summarizes our provision for income taxes:
Current income tax expense:
Federal
State
Foreign
Current income tax expense
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense:
Federal
State
Foreign
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense:
Income tax expense
2016
Year Ended December 31,
2015
(In thousands)
2014
$
$
$
(41,418) $
5,875
64,946
29,403
(5,166) $
(2,863)
(6,059)
(14,088)
15,315
$
$
154,050
1,440
69,359
224,849
(6,865) $
2,156
(16,926)
(21,635)
203,214
$
120,541
6,645
43,536
170,722
(47,390)
(2,419)
(29,222)
(79,031)
91,691
We reduced our current income tax payable by $76 million, $130 million and $69 million for the years ended
December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 for tax deductions attributable to stock-based compensation.
F- 31
Deferred Income Taxes
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the significant components of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were
as follows:
Deferred tax assets:
Provision for accrued expenses
Loyalty rewards reserve
Occupancy tax reserve
Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Stock-based compensation
Fair value of debt adjustment
Other
Total deferred tax assets
Less valuation allowance
Net deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid merchant bookings and prepaid expenses
Intangible assets
Property and equipment
Other
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax liability
December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
$
$
$
$
$
94,031
163,410
27,814
114,470
81,221
—
31,569
512,515
(65,516)
446,999
$
$
(20,289) $
(718,810)
(152,550)
(16,662)
(908,311) $
(461,312) $
95,499
132,980
16,358
202,220
56,729
24,770
28,766
557,322
(122,850)
434,472
(41,006)
(758,976)
(87,308)
(5,565)
(892,855)
(458,383)
As of December 31, 2016, we had federal, state, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) of approximately
$121 million, $119 million and $329 million. If not utilized, the federal and state NOLs will expire at various times between
2017 and 2036. Foreign NOLs of $235 million may be carried forward indefinitely, and foreign NOLs of $94 million will
expire at various times between 2017 and 2024.
As of December 31, 2016, we had a valuation allowance of approximately $66 million related to certain NOL
carryforwards for which it is more likely than not the tax benefit will not be realized. The valuation allowance decreased by $57
million from the amount recorded as of December 31, 2015 due to the release of a valuation allowance on cumulative foreign
net operating losses for which realization is now certain, predominantly at certain United Kingdom and German entities. The
amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during
the carryforward period change, or if objective negative evidence in the form of cumulative losses is no longer present and
additional weight may be given to subjective evidence such as our projections for growth.
We have not provided deferred income taxes on taxable temporary differences related to investments in certain foreign
subsidiaries where the foreign subsidiary has or will invest undistributed earnings indefinitely outside of the United States. The
total amount of such undistributed earnings was $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2016, which approximates the related taxable
temporary difference. In the event we distribute such earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, we may be subject to
income taxes. Further, a sale of these subsidiaries may cause these temporary differences to become taxable. Due to
complexities in tax laws, uncertainties related to the timing and source of any potential distribution of such earnings, and other
important factors such as the amount of associated foreign tax credits, it is not practicable to estimate the amount of
unrecognized deferred taxes on these taxable temporary differences.
F- 32
Reconciliation of U.S. Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate to Effective Income Tax Rate
A reconciliation of amounts computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate to income from continuing
operations before income taxes to total income tax expense is as follows:
Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate of 35%
Foreign tax rate differential
Unrecognized tax benefits and related interest
Change in valuation allowance
Return to provision true-ups
Pay-to-play penalties
Acquisition related costs
Federal research and development credit
trivago stock-based-compensation
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation
Other, net
Income tax expense
2016
Year Ended December 31,
2015
(In thousands)
2014
96,810
(66,947)
33,170
(13,924)
(14,420)
—
1,611
(15,000)
16,956
(39,751)
16,810
15,315
$
$
324,087
(162,784)
33,362
27,320
(8,875)
(11,222)
12,545
(11,500)
—
—
281
203,214
$
$
162,624
(81,371)
(1,625)
13,914
(4,472)
1,322
56
(6,000)
—
—
7,243
91,691
$
$
Our effective tax rate in 2016, 2015 and 2014 was lower than the 35% federal statutory income tax rate due to earnings in
foreign jurisdictions, primarily Switzerland, where the statutory income tax rate is lower.
In addition, the decrease in our effective tax rate for 2016 compared to 2015 was due to tax benefits from the adoption of
new accounting guidance relating to stock-based compensation and the release of valuation allowances in the United Kingdom
and Germany on cumulative foreign net operating losses for which it is more likely than not the tax benefit will be realized.
The 2014 and 2015 rate presentation has been adjusted to separately show federal research and development credits and return
to provision true-ups to align with 2016 effective tax rate presentation.
Uncertain Tax Positions
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
Balance, beginning of year
Increases to tax positions related to the current year
Increases to tax positions related to prior years
Decreases to tax positions related to prior years
Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations
Settlements during current year
Interest and penalties
Balance, end of year
2016
2015
(In thousands)
2014
171,177
42,877
8,124
(2,262)
(4,688)
—
5,304
220,532
$
$
110,561
33,880
26,219
—
(2,525)
(100)
3,142
171,177
$
$
109,712
28,416
4,469
—
(23,709)
—
(8,327)
110,561
$
$
As of December 31, 2016, we had $221 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, $181 million of which, if recognized,
would affect the effective tax rate. As of December 31, 2015, we had $171 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, $138
million of which, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.
We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2016
and 2015, total gross interest and penalties accrued was $15 million and $10 million, respectively. In connection with our
unrecognized tax benefits, we recognized interest (benefit) expense in 2016, 2015 and 2014 of $5 million, $3 million and $(8)
million.
The Company is routinely under audit by federal, state, local and foreign income tax authorities. These audits include
questioning the timing and the amount of income and deductions and the allocation of income and deductions among various
tax jurisdictions. The IRS is currently examining Expedia’s U.S. consolidated federal income tax returns for the periods ended
December 31, 2009 through December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2016, for the Expedia, Inc. and subsidiaries, statute of
F- 33
limitations for tax years 2009 through 2015 remain open to examination in the federal and most state jurisdictions. For the
HomeAway and Orbitz groups, statutes of limitations for tax years 2001 through 2015 remain open to examination in the
federal and most state jurisdictions due to net operating loss carryforwards.
NOTE 12 — Redeemable Non-controlling Interests
Until December 2016, we had non-controlling interests in majority owned entities, which were carried at fair value as the
non-controlling interests contained certain rights, whereby we could acquire and the minority shareholders could sell to us the
additional shares of the companies. A reconciliation of redeemable non-controlling interest for the years ended December 31,
2016, 2015 and 2014 is as follows:
Balance, beginning of the period
Acquisition of redeemable non-controlling interest
Purchase of subsidiary shares at fair value
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
Fair value adjustments
Currency translation adjustments
Other
Transfer to non-redeemable non-controlling interest
Balance, end of period
Year Ended December 31,
2016
2015
2014
$
$
$
658,478
—
(7,054)
(22,286)
848,885
(89,436)
(7,611)
(1,380,976)
— $
560,073
6,829
—
(15,417)
188,579
(90,244)
8,658
—
658,478
$
$
364,871
—
—
(9,690)
259,984
(57,853)
2,761
—
560,073
Historically, the fair value of the redeemable non-controlling interest was determined based on a blended analysis of the
present value of future discounted cash flows and market value approach (“Level 3” on the fair value hierarchy). Our
significant estimates in the discounted cash flow model included our weighted average cost of capital as well as long-term
growth and profitability of the business. Our significant estimates in the market value approach included identifying similar
companies with comparable business factors and assessing comparable revenue and operating multiples in estimating the fair
value of the business.
In connection with the acquisition of our majority ownership interests in trivago in 2013, we entered into a shareholders
agreement with trivago’s founders that contains certain put/call rights whereby we could cause the founders to sell to us, and
the founders could cause us to acquire from them, up to 50% and 100% of the trivago shares held by them at fair value during
two windows. The first window would have closed during the first half of 2016. However, during the second quarter of 2016,
we and the founders agreed not to exercise our respective put/call rights during that window and instead to postpone the
window while the parties explored the feasibility of an IPO of trivago shares. On December 16, 2016, trivago completed its
IPO for proceeds of approximately $210 million after deducting discounts, commissions and offering expenses and became a
separately listed company on the NASDAQ. Prior to the initial public offering, we owned 63.5% of trivago. In conjunction
with the initial public offering, Expedia and trivago’s founders entered into an Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement
under which the original put/call rights were no longer effective and were replaced with a contingent founder held put right
whereby Expedia would be obligated to buy all, but not less than all, of a founder’s shares in the event a founder is removed
from trivago’s management board under certain circumstances which are within the control of Expedia. Immediately prior to
the offering and the effective date of the newly Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement, we adjusted the fair value of
our redeemable non-controlling interest to reflect the estimated fair value immediately prior to the offering. We then
subsequently reclassified the redeemable non-controlling interest into non-redeemable non-controlling interest on the
consolidated balance sheet as the non-controlling interest was no longer redeemable pursuant to the Amended and Restated
Shareholders’ Agreement. Post offering, and as of December 31, 2016, our ownership interest and voting interest was
approximately 59.7% and 64.7% of trivago N.V. and its subsidiaries.
NOTE 13 — Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock and Class B Common Stock
Our authorized common stock consists of 1.6 billion shares of common stock with par value of $0.0001 per share, and
400 million shares of Class B common stock with par value of $0.0001 per share. Both classes of common stock qualify for
and share equally in dividends, if declared by our Board of Directors, and generally vote together on all matters. Common stock
is entitled to 1 vote per share and Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes per share. Holders of common stock, voting as a
single, separate class are entitled to elect 25% of the total number of directors. Class B common stockholders may, at any time,
convert their shares into common stock, on a one for one share basis. Upon conversion, the Class B common stock is retired
F- 34
and is not available for reissue. In the event of liquidation, dissolution, distribution of assets or winding-up of Expedia, Inc., the
holders of both classes of common stock have equal rights to receive all the assets of Expedia, Inc. after the rights of the
holders of the preferred stock, if any, have been satisfied.
Preferred Stock
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we have no preferred stock outstanding.
Share Repurchases
During 2012, 2010, and 2006, our Board of Directors, or the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of
Directors, authorized a repurchase of up to 20 million outstanding shares of our common stock during each of the respective
years and during 2015 authorized a repurchase of up to 10 million shares of our common stock for a total of 70 million shares.
Shares repurchased under the authorized programs were as follows:
Number of shares repurchased
Average price per share
Total cost of repurchases (in millions)(1)
___________________________________
Amount excludes transaction costs.
(1)
Year Ended December 31,
2016
4.0 million
109.64
436
$
$
2015
0.5 million
85.27
45
$
$
2014
7.0 million
76.26
537
$
$
As of December 31, 2016, 7.3 million shares remain authorized for repurchase under the 2015 authorization with no fixed
termination date for the repurchases. Subsequent to December 31, 2016, we repurchased an additional 0.3 million shares for a
total cost of $30 million, excluding transaction costs, representing an average price of $113.42 per share.
Dividends on our Common Stock
In 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, declared and paid the
following dividends:
Year ended December 31, 2016:
Year ended December 31, 2015:
Year ended December 31, 2014:
Declaration Date
Dividend
Per Share
Record Date
Total Amount
(in thousands)
Payment Date
February 8, 2016 $
April 26, 2016
July 27, 2016
October 24, 2016
March 10, 2016 $
0.24
May 26, 2016
0.24
August 25, 2016
0.26
0.26 November 17, 2016
March 30, 2016
36,174
35,773
June 16, 2016
39,062 September 15, 2016
December 8, 2016
39,150
February 4, 2015 $
April 29, 2015
July 29, 2015
October 29, 2015
March 10, 2015 $
0.18
May 28, 2015
0.18
0.24
August 27, 2015
0.24 November 19, 2015
22,895
March 26, 2015
June 18, 2015
23,096
31,182 September 17, 2015
31,354 December 10, 2015
$
February 5, 2014
April 30, 2014
July 30, 2014
October 27, 2014
March 10, 2014 $
0.15
May 30, 2014
0.15
0.18
August 27, 2014
0.18 November 20, 2014
March 27, 2014
19,602
19,231
June 19, 2014
22,944 September 17, 2014
22,920 December 11, 2014
In addition, in February 2017, the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, declared a quarterly
cash dividend of $0.28 per share of outstanding common stock payable on March 30, 2017 to the stockholders of record as of
the close of business on March 9, 2017. Future declarations of dividends are subject to final determination by our Board of
Directors.
F- 35
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The balance for each class of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax(1)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale securities, net of tax
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
___________________________________
December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
(280,426) $
27
(280,399) $
(284,767)
(127)
(284,894)
$
$
(1)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax, includes foreign currency transaction gains at December 31, 2016
of $16 million ($25 million before tax) and foreign currency transaction losses at December 31, 2015 of $1 million ($2
million before tax) associated with our 2.5% Notes. The 2.5% Notes are Euro-denominated debt designated as hedges
of certain of our Euro-denominated net assets. See NOTE 2 — Significant Accounting Policies for more information.
The remaining balance in currency translation adjustments excludes income taxes as a result of our current intention to
indefinitely reinvest the earnings of our international subsidiaries outside of the United States.
Non-redeemable Non-controlling Interests
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our ownership interest in AirAsia-Expedia was approximately 75%. As of December
31, 2016, our ownership interest in trivago was approximately 59.7%. Prior to our sale of eLong on May 22, 2015, our
ownership interest in eLong was approximately 62.4%. Amounts paid in excess of the respective non-controlling interest were
recorded to additional paid-in capital. The following table shows the effects of the changes in non-controlling interest on our
equity for the respective periods, in thousands:
Net income attributable to Expedia, Inc.
$
281,848
$
764,465
$
398,097
2016
2015
2014
Transfers (to) from the non-controlling interest due to:
Net decrease in Expedia, Inc.’s paid-in capital related
to trivago IPO
Net increase (decrease) in Expedia, Inc.’s paid-in
capital for newly issued eLong shares and other equity
activity
Net transfers from non-controlling interest
Change from net income attributable to Expedia, Inc. and
transfers from non-controlling interest
$
(32,141)
—
—
—
(32,141)
(4,198)
(4,198)
24,090
24,090
249,707
$
760,267
$
422,187
NOTE 14 — Earnings Per Share
Basic Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share was calculated for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 using the weighted
average number of common and Class B common shares outstanding during the period excluding restricted stock and stock
held in escrow.
Diluted Earnings Per Share
For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, we computed diluted earnings per share using (i) the number of
shares of common stock and Class B common stock used in the basic earnings per share calculation as indicated above (ii) if
dilutive, the incremental common stock that we would issue upon the assumed exercise of stock options and stock warrants and
the vesting of RSUs using the treasury stock method, and (iii) other stock-based commitments.
F- 36
The following table presents our basic and diluted earnings per share:
Net income attributable to Expedia, Inc.
Earnings per share attributable to Expedia, Inc. available
to common stockholders:
Basic
Diluted
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic
Dilutive effect of:
$
$
Options to purchase common stock
Other dilutive securities
Diluted
Year Ended December 31,
2016
2015
2014
(In thousands, except per share data)
281,848
$
764,465
$
398,097
$
1.87
1.82
$
5.87
5.70
3.09
2.99
150,367
130,159
128,912
3,874
276
154,517
3,685
174
134,018
4,149
107
133,168
Outstanding stock awards that have been excluded from the calculations of diluted earnings per share attributable to
common stockholders because their effect would have been antidilutive were approximately seven million for 2016, two
million for 2015, and four million for 2014.
The earnings per share amounts are the same for common stock and Class B common stock because the holders of each
class are legally entitled to equal per share distributions whether through dividends or in liquidation.
NOTE 15 — Restructuring and Related Reorganization Charges
In connection with the migration of technology platforms and centralization of technology, supply and other operations,
primarily related to previously disclosed acquisitions, we recognized $56 million and $105 million in restructuring and related
reorganization charges during 2016 and 2015 as well as $26 million during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2014. The
2016 and 2015 charges were primarily related to employee severance and benefits as a part of the Orbitz integration and
represents estimated severance amounts under pre-existing written plans and contracts Orbitz had with its employees, stock-
compensation charges for acceleration of replacement awards pursuant to certain of these agreements as well as incremental
retention compensation for exiting employees. Based on current plans, which are subject to change, we expect to incur
approximately $10 to $15 million in 2017 related to these integrations and estimates do not include any possible future
acquisition integrations.
The following table summarizes the restructuring and related reorganization activity for 2015 and 2016:
Employee
Severance
and Benefits
Stock-based
Compensation
Other
Total
Accrued liability as of January 1, 2015
Charges
Payments
Non-cash items
Accrued liability as of December 31, 2015
Charges
Payments
Non-cash items
Accrued liability as of December 31, 2016
$
$
10,117
66,255
(29,388)
(1,095)
45,889
39,477
(66,442)
(774)
18,150
$
$
(In thousands)
— $
32,749
—
(32,749)
—
12,690
—
(12,690)
— $
13,658
5,867
(18,408)
6
1,123
3,740
(4,932)
343
274
$
$
23,775
104,871
(47,796)
(33,838)
47,012
55,907
(71,374)
(13,121)
18,424
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NOTE 16 — Other Income (Expense)
Other, net
The following table presents the components of other, net:
Foreign exchange rate gains (losses), net
Non-controlling interest basis adjustment
Other-then-temporary investment impairment
Equity gains (losses) in unconsolidated affiliates
Other
Total
NOTE 17 — Commitments and Contingencies
Letters of Credit, Purchase Obligations and Guarantees
For the Year Ended December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
2014
$
$
(15,244) $
—
(12,117)
(1,490)
(2,829)
(31,680) $
24,787
77,400
—
(13)
10,912
113,086
$
$
6,069
2,783
—
2,743
6,083
17,678
We have commitments and obligations that include purchase obligations, guarantees and LOCs, which could potentially
require our payment in the event of demands by third parties or contingent events. The following table presents these
commitments and obligations as of December 31, 2016:
Purchase obligations
Guarantees
Letters of credit
Total
Less than
1 year
1 to 3
years
3 to 5
years
More than
5 years
By Period
$
$
268,322
150,295
48,820
467,437
$
$
239,163
150,295
43,601
433,059
(In thousands)
28,843
$
—
4,864
33,707
$
$
$
316
—
261
577
$
$
—
—
94
94
Our purchase obligations represent the minimum obligations we have under agreements with certain of our vendors.
These minimum obligations are less than our projected use for those periods. Payments may be more than the minimum
obligations based on actual use.
We have guarantees which consist primarily of bonds relating to tax assessments that we are contesting as well as bonds
required by certain foreign countries’ aviation authorities for the potential non-delivery, by us, of packaged travel sold in those
countries. The authorities also require that a portion of the total amount of packaged travel sold be bonded. Our guarantees also
include certain surety bonds related to various company performance obligations.
Our LOCs consist of stand-by LOCs, underwritten by a group of lenders, which we primarily issue for certain regulatory
purposes as well as to certain hotel properties to secure our payment for hotel room transactions. The contractual expiration
dates of these LOCs are shown in the table above. There were no material claims made against any stand-by LOCs during the
years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.
Lease Commitments
We have contractual obligations in the form of operating leases for office space and related office equipment for which
we record the related expense on a monthly basis. Certain leases contain periodic rent escalation adjustments and renewal
options. Rent expense related to such leases is recorded on a straight-line basis. Operating lease obligations expire at various
dates with the latest maturity in 2026. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, we recorded rental expense of
$147 million, $109 million and $96 million.
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The following table presents our estimated future minimum rental payments under operating leases with noncancelable
lease terms that expire after December 31, 2016, in thousands:
Year ending December 31,
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022 and thereafter
Legal Proceedings
$
$
119,770
116,000
96,154
54,407
37,418
90,133
513,882
In the ordinary course of business, we are a party to various lawsuits. Management does not expect these lawsuits to have
a material impact on the liquidity, results of operations, or financial condition of Expedia. We also evaluate other potential
contingent matters, including value-added tax, excise tax, sales tax, transient occupancy or accommodation tax and similar
matters. In addition, we assumed liability for ongoing lawsuits involving Orbitz Worldwide, Inc. and its subsidiaries in
connection with our acquisition of Orbitz on September 17, 2015, and for ongoing lawsuits involving HomeAway, Inc. and its
subsidiaries in connection with our acquisition of HomeAway on December 15, 2015. We do not believe that the aggregate
amount of liability that could be reasonably possible with respect to these matters would have a material adverse effect on our
financial results; however, litigation is inherently uncertain and the actual losses incurred in the event that our legal proceedings
were to result in unfavorable outcomes could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial performance.
Litigation Relating to Occupancy Taxes. Ninety-five lawsuits have been filed by cities, counties and states involving hotel
occupancy and other taxes. Twenty lawsuits are currently active. These lawsuits are in various stages and we continue to defend
against the claims made in them vigorously. With respect to the principal claims in these matters, we believe that the statutes or
ordinances at issue do not apply to the services we provide and, therefore, that we do not owe the taxes that are claimed to be
owed. We believe that the statutes or ordinances at issue generally impose occupancy and other taxes on entities that own,
operate or control hotels (or similar businesses) or furnish or provide hotel rooms or similar accommodations. To date, forty of
these lawsuits have been dismissed. Some of these dismissals have been without prejudice and, generally, allow the
governmental entity or entities to seek administrative remedies prior to pursuing further litigation. Twenty-six dismissals were
based on a finding that we and the other defendants were not subject to the local hotel occupancy tax ordinance or that the local
government lacked standing to pursue their claims. As a result of this litigation and other attempts by certain jurisdictions to
levy such taxes, we have established a reserve for the potential settlement of issues related to hotel occupancy and other taxes,
consistent with applicable accounting principles and in light of all current facts and circumstances, in the amount of $71 million
and $43 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. It is also reasonably possible that amounts paid in connection with these
issues could include up to an additional $5 million related to interest payments in one jurisdiction. Our settlement reserve is
based on our best estimate of probable losses and the ultimate resolution of these contingencies may be greater or less than the
liabilities recorded. An estimate for a reasonably possible loss or range of loss in excess of the amount reserved cannot be
made. Changes to the settlement reserve are included within legal reserves, occupancy tax and other in the consolidated
statements of operations.
Pay-to-Play. Certain jurisdictions may assert that we are required to pay any assessed taxes prior to being allowed to
contest or litigate the applicability of the ordinances. This prepayment of contested taxes is referred to as “pay-to-play.”
Payment of these amounts is not an admission that we believe we are subject to such taxes and, even when such payments are
made, we continue to defend our position vigorously. If we prevail in the litigation, for which a pay-to-play payment was made,
the jurisdiction collecting the payment will be required to repay such amounts and also may be required to pay interest.
Hawaii (General Excise Tax). During 2013, the Expedia companies were required to “pay-to-play” and paid a total of
$171 million in advance of litigation relating to general excise taxes for merchant model hotel reservations in the State of
Hawaii. In September 2015, following a ruling by the Hawaii Supreme Court, the State of Hawaii refunded the Expedia
companies $132 million of the original “pay-to-play” amount. As we had previously expensed the pay-to-play payments in
prior periods, we recognized a gain in legal reserves, occupancy tax and other during the third quarter of 2015 related to this
matter. Orbitz also received a similar refund of $22 million from the State of Hawaii in September 2015. The amount paid, net
of refunds, by the Expedia companies and Orbitz to the State of Hawaii in satisfaction of past general excise taxes on their
services for merchant model hotel reservations was $44 million. The parties reached a settlement relating to Orbitz merchant
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model hotel tax liabilities, and on October 5, 2016, the Expedia companies paid the State of Hawaii for the tax years 2012
through 2015. The Expedia companies and Orbitz have now resolved all assessments by the State of Hawaii for merchant
model hotel taxes through 2015.
The Department of Taxation also issued final assessments for general excise taxes against the Expedia companies,
including Orbitz, dated December 23, 2015 for the time period 2000 to 2014 for hotel and car rental revenue for “agency
model” transactions. Those assessments are currently under review in the Hawaii tax courts.
Final assessments by the Hawaii Department of Taxation for general exercise taxes against the Expedia companies,
including Orbitz, relating to merchant car rental transactions during the years 2000 to 2014 are also under review in the Hawaii
tax courts. With respect to merchant model car rental transactions at issue for the tax years 2000 through 2013, the Hawaii tax
court held on August 5, 2016 that general excise tax is due on the online travel companies’ services to facilitate car rentals. The
court further ruled that for merchant model car rentals in Hawaii, the online travel companies are required to pay general excise
tax on the total amount paid by consumers, with no credit for tax amounts already remitted by car rental companies to the State
of Hawaii for tax years 2000 through 2013, thus resulting in a double tax on the amount paid by consumers to car rental
companies for the rental of the vehicle. The court, however, ruled that when car rentals are paid for as part of a vacation
package, tax is only due once on the amount paid by consumers to the car rental company for the rental of the vehicle. In
addition, the court ruled that the online travel companies are required to pay interest and certain penalties on the amounts due.
The Expedia companies intend to appeal, and will be expected to pay under protest the full amount claimed due, or
approximately $16.5 million, as a condition of appeal. The Hawaii tax court’s decision did not resolve “merchant model” car
rental transactions for the tax year 2014, which also remain under review.
San Francisco. During 2009, we were required to “pay-to-play” and paid $48 million in advance of litigation relating to
occupancy tax proceedings with the city of San Francisco. The city of San Francisco subsequently issued additional
assessments of tax, penalties and interest for the time period from the fourth quarter of 2007 through the fourth quarter of 2011
against the online travel companies, including against certain Expedia companies. The additional assessments, including the
prepayment of such assessments, were contested by the Expedia companies on the basis that the court has already ruled that
taxes are not due from the online travel companies and that binding precedent by the California Court of Appeals precludes the
city’s claim for taxes. On May 14, 2014, the court heard oral argument on the Expedia companies’ contest of the prepayment
requirement for the additional assessments and held that the Expedia companies were required to prepay in order to litigate the
legality of the assessments. On May 26, 2014, the Expedia companies paid $25.5 million under protest in order to contest the
additional assessments. The additional assessments were expensed during the second quarter of 2014. In addition, Orbitz in
total has paid $4.6 million to the city of San Francisco to contest these assessments issued against it by the city. On August 6,
2014, the California Court of Appeals stayed this case pending review and decision by the California Supreme Court of the City
of San Diego, California Litigation. The stay is now lifted and the appeal will proceed in light of the California Supreme
Court’s decision in the San Diego litigation.
Other Jurisdictions. We are also in various stages of inquiry or audit with domestic and foreign tax authorities, some of
which, including in the United Kingdom regarding the application of value added tax (“VAT”) to our European Union related
transactions as discussed below, impose a pay-to-play requirement to challenge an adverse inquiry or audit result in court.
The ultimate resolution of these contingencies may be greater or less than the pay-to-play payments made and our
estimates of additional assessments mentioned above.
Matters Relating to International VAT. We are in various stages of inquiry or audit in multiple European Union
jurisdictions, including in the United Kingdom, regarding the application of VAT to our European Union related transactions.
While we believe we comply with applicable VAT laws, rules and regulations in the relevant jurisdictions, the tax authorities
may determine that we owe additional taxes. In certain jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, we may be required to
“pay-to-play” any VAT assessment prior to contesting its validity. While we believe that we will be successful based on the
merits of our positions with regard to the United Kingdom and other VAT audits in pay-to-play jurisdictions, it is nevertheless
reasonably possible that we could be required to pay any assessed amounts in order to contest or litigate the applicability of any
assessments and an estimate for a reasonably possible amount of any such payments cannot be made.
Matters Relating to Competition Reviews and Legislation Relating to Parity Clauses. Over the last several years, the
online travel industry has become the subject of investigations by various national competition authorities ("NCAs"),
particularly in Europe. Expedia is or has been involved in investigations predominately related to whether certain parity clauses
in contracts between Expedia entities and accommodation providers, sometimes also referred to as "most favored nation" or
"MFN" provisions, are anti-competitive.
In Europe, investigations or inquiries into contractual parity provisions between hotels and online travel companies,
including Expedia, were initiated in 2012, 2013 and 2014 by NCAs in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France,
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Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Sweden and Switzerland. While the ultimate outcome of some of these
investigations or inquiries remains uncertain, and Expedia’s circumstances are distinguishable from other online travel
companies subject to similar investigations and inquiries, we note in this context that on April 21, 2015, the French, Italian and
Swedish NCAs, working in close cooperation with the European Commission, announced that they had accepted formal
commitments offered by Booking.com to resolve and close the investigations against Booking.com in France, Italy and Sweden
by Booking.com removing and/or modifying certain rate, conditions and availability parity provisions in its contracts with
accommodation providers in France, Italy and Sweden as of July 1, 2015, among other commitments. Booking.com voluntarily
extended the geographic scope of these commitments to accommodation providers throughout Europe as of the same date.
With effect from August 1, 2015, Expedia waived certain rate, conditions and availability parity clauses in its agreements
with its European hotel partners for a period of five years. While Expedia maintains that its parity clauses have always been
lawful and in compliance with competition law, these waivers were nevertheless implemented as a positive step towards
facilitating the closure of the open investigations into such clauses on a harmonized pan-European basis. Following the
implementation of Expedia's waivers, nearly all NCAs in Europe have announced either the closure of their investigation or
inquiries involving Expedia or a decision not to open an investigation or inquiry involving Expedia. Below are descriptions of
additional rate parity-related matters of note in Europe.
The German Federal Cartel Office ("FCO") has required another online travel company, Hotel Reservation Service
("HRS"), to remove certain clauses from its contracts with hotels. HRS’ appeal of this decision was rejected by the Higher
Regional Court Düsseldorf on January 9, 2015. On December 23, 2015, the FCO announced that it had also required
Booking.com by way of an infringement decision to remove certain clauses from its contracts with German hotels.
Booking.com has appealed the decision and the appeal will be heard by the Higher Regional Court Düsseldorf on February 8,
2017.
The Italian competition authority's case closure decision against Booking.com and Expedia has subsequently been
appealed by two Italian hotel trade associations, i.e. Federalberghi and AICA. These appeals remain at an early stage and no
hearing date has been fixed.
On November 6, 2015, the Swiss competition authority announced that it had issued a final decision finding certain
parity terms existing in previous versions of agreements between Swiss hotels and each of Expedia, Booking.com and HRS to
be prohibited under Swiss law. The decision explicitly notes that Expedia's current contract terms with Swiss hotels are not
subject to this prohibition. The Swiss competition authority imposed no fines or other sanctions against Expedia and did not
find an abuse of a dominant market position by Expedia. The FCO’s case against Expedia’s contractual parity provisions with
accommodation providers in Germany remains open but is still at a preliminary stage with no formal allegations of wrong-
doing having been communicated to Expedia to date.
The Directorate General for Competition, Consumer Affairs and Repression of Fraud (the “DGCCRF”), a directorate of
the French Ministry of Economy and Finance with authority over unfair trading practices, brought a lawsuit in France against
Expedia entities objecting to certain parity clauses in contracts between Expedia entities and French hotels. In May 2015, the
French court ruled that certain of the parity provisions in certain contracts that were the subject of the lawsuit were not in
compliance with French commercial law, but imposed no fine and no injunction. The DGCCRF has appealed the decision.
Hotelverband Deutschland ("IHA") e.V. (a German hotel association) brought proceedings before the Cologne regional
court against Expedia, Inc., Expedia.com GmbH and Expedia Lodging Partner Services Sàrl. IHA has applied for a ‘cease and
desist’ order against these companies in relation to the enforcement of certain rate and availability parity clauses contained in
contracts with hotels in Germany.
A working group of 10 European NCAs (Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom) and the European Commission has been established by the European
Competition Network (“ECN”) at the end of 2015 to monitor the functioning of the online hotel booking sector, following
amendments made by a number of online travel companies (including Booking.com and Expedia) in relation to certain parity
provisions in their contracts with hotels. The working group has issued questionnaires to online travel agencies including
Expedia, metasearch sites and hotels in 2016, and is expected to report its results early in 2017.
Legislative bodies in certain countries have also adopted, or are proposing to adopt, new domestic anti-parity clause
legislation. On July 9, 2015, the French National Assembly adopted Article 133 of the Loi Macron ("Article 133") that seeks to
define the nature of the relationship between online reservation platforms and French hotels. Article 133 became effective on
August 8, 2015. Expedia considers that Article 133 was drafted ambiguously and can be interpreted in a way that violates both
EU and French legal principles. Therefore Expedia has submitted a complaint to the European Commission relating to Article
133. However, following the effective date, Expedia has been in contact with its hotel partners in France regarding the impact
of Article 133. Legislation banning certain parity provisions in contracts between online travel companies and Austrian
F- 41
accommodation providers became effective on December 31, 2016. Expedia believes this legislation violates both EU and
Austrian legal principles and therefore, Expedia has submitted a complaint to the European Commission relating to this
legislation.
A legislative proposal to prohibit narrow price parity clauses in hotel-OTA agreements in Italy is still pending in the
Italian Senate and a motion requesting the Swiss government to take action on narrow price parity is currently under discussion
in the Swiss parliament. The Company is unable to predict whether these proposals in their current form or in another form will
ultimately be adopted and, if so, when this might be the case. It is not yet clear how any adopted domestic anti-parity clause
legislations and/or any possible future legislation in this area may affect Expedia’s business.
Outside of Europe, a number of NCAs have also opened investigations or inquired about contractual parity provisions in
contracts between hotels and online travel companies in their respective territories, including Expedia. A Brazilian hotel sector
association — Forum de Operadores Hoteleiros do Brasil — filed a complaint with the Brazilian Administrative Council for
Economic Defence (“CADE”) against a number of online travel companies, including Booking.com, Decolar.com and Expedia,
on July 27, 2016 with respect to parity provisions in contracts between hotels and online travel companies. On September 13,
2016, Expedia submitted its response to the complaint to CADE. Expedia recently resolved the concerns of the Australia and
New Zealand NCAs based on implementation of the waivers substantially similar to those provided to accommodation
providers in Europe on September 1, 2016 in Australia and on October 28, 2016 in New Zealand. Expedia is in ongoing
discussions with a limited number of NCAs in other countries in relation to its contracts with hotels. Expedia is currently
unable to predict the impact the implementation of the waivers both in Europe and elsewhere will have on Expedia's business,
on investigations or inquiries by NCAs in other countries, or on industry practice more generally.
The Company is unable to predict how any pending appeals of administrative decisions and the remaining open
investigations and inquiries by NCAs will ultimately be resolved, or whether further action in Europe will be taken as a result
of the ECN’s working group's assessment and findings (once published). Possible outcomes include requiring Expedia to
amend or remove certain parity clauses from its contracts with accommodation providers in those jurisdictions and/or the
imposition of fines.
It is not yet clear how any adopted domestic anti-parity clause legislations and/or any possible future legislation in this
area may affect Expedia’s business. Competition-related investigations, legislation or issues could also give rise to private
litigation. For example, Expedia is involved in private litigation in Germany related to its current contractual parity provisions
(see above). We are unable to predict how such litigation will be resolved, or whether it will impact Expedia’s business in
Germany.
NOTE 18 — Related Party Transactions
Liberty. Mr. Diller is the Chairman and Senior Executive of Expedia. Subject to the terms of an Amended and Restated
Stockholders Agreement between Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc. (“Liberty Expedia Holdings”) and Mr. Diller, as amended as
of November 4, 2016, Mr. Diller also holds an irrevocable proxy to vote shares of Expedia common stock and Class B common
stock beneficially owned by Liberty Expedia Holdings (the “Diller Proxy”), which proxy has been assigned by Mr. Diller to
Liberty Expedia Holdings as described below.
On November 4, 2016, Liberty Interactive Corporation (“Liberty Interactive”) redeemed a portion of the outstanding
shares of its Liberty Ventures common stock in exchange for all of the outstanding shares of Liberty Expedia Holdings, which
at that time was a wholly owned subsidiary of Liberty Interactive (the “Liberty Split-Off”). At the time of the Liberty Split-Off,
Liberty Expedia Holdings’ assets included all of Liberty Interactive’s interest in Expedia. Pursuant to a Transaction Agreement
among Mr. Diller, Liberty Interactive, Liberty Expedia Holdings, John C. Malone and Leslie Malone, dated as of March 24,
2016 and amended and restated effective as of September 22, 2016, at the time of the Liberty Split-Off, for a period ending not
later than May 4, 2018 (i) Mr. Diller assigned the Diller Proxy to Liberty Expedia Holdings (the “Diller Assignment”) and
(ii) Mr. and Mrs. Malone granted Mr. Diller an irrevocable proxy to vote all shares of Liberty Expedia Holdings Series A
common stock and Series B common stock beneficially owned by them upon completion of the Liberty Split-Off or thereafter
(the “Malone Proxy”), in each case, subject to certain limitations. As a result, by virtue of the voting power associated with the
Malone Proxy, the governance structure at Liberty Expedia Holdings and Mr. Diller’s continuing position as Chairman of
Expedia’s Board of Directors, Mr. Diller indirectly controls Expedia until the termination or expiration of the Diller Assignment
and Malone Proxy, at which point (and by virtue of the termination of the Diller Assignment), unless the Diller Assignment and
Malone Proxy terminate as a result of Mr. Diller’s death or disability, Mr. Diller will have the power to vote directly all shares
of Expedia Common Stock and Class B Common Stock beneficially owned by Liberty Expedia Holdings.
In connection with the then-pending Liberty Split-Off, on March 24, 2016, Liberty Interactive and Liberty Expedia
Holdings entered into a Reimbursement Agreement with Expedia pursuant to which Liberty Interactive and Liberty Expedia
F- 42
Holdings agreed to reimburse Expedia, up to a specified cap, for certain costs and expenses resulting from the Liberty Split-Off
and the above-described proxy arrangements that may be incurred by Expedia with respect to Expedia’s $1.5 billion unsecured
revolving credit facility and Expedia’s 7.456% Notes maturing in 2018 and 5.95% Notes maturing in 2020 (as amended and
restated as of September 22, 2016, the “Reimbursement Agreement”).
On September 30, 2016, Expedia received consents from the holders of more than a majority of the aggregate principal
amount of its 5.95% Notes and entered into a supplemental indenture to amend the indenture governing its 5.95% Notes to
conform the definition of “Permitted Holders” to the definition employed in Expedia’s 2.5% Notes, 4.5% Notes
and 5.0% Notes, including by specifying that “Permitted Holders” include certain entities succeeding to the interest of Liberty
Interactive in Expedia. Liberty Interactive reimbursed Expedia approximately $4 million for the cost of the consent solicitation
pursuant to the terms of the Reimbursement Agreement.
The Reimbursement Agreement constitutes Expedia’s sole and exclusive remedy with respect to any claim arising out of
any potential change of control under any contract, debt instrument, agreement or other similar instrument resulting, directly or
indirectly, from the Liberty Split-Off or the above-described proxy arrangements entered into in connection with the Liberty
Split-Off. On January 3, 2017, other than those provisions relating to Expedia’s remedies described above and certain
administrative provisions, the Reimbursement Agreement terminated in accordance with its terms upon the non-occurrence
within the 60 day-period following the Liberty Split-Off of certain reimbursement triggers.
During 2015 and 2014, we issued 264,841 shares and 264,608 shares of common stock from treasury stock to Liberty
Interactive at a price per share of $85.24 and $77.11 and an aggregate value of approximately $23 million and $20 million
pursuant to and in accordance with the preemptive rights as detailed by the Governance Agreement with Liberty Interactive.
IAC/InterActiveCorp. In addition to serving as our Chairman and Senior Executive, Mr. Diller also serves as Chairman of
the Board of Directors and Senior Executive at IAC. The Company and Expedia are related parties since they are under
common control, given that Mr. Diller serves as Chairman and Senior Executive of both Expedia and IAC. Each of IAC and
Expedia has a 50% ownership interest in two aircraft that may be used by both companies. We share equally in fixed and
nonrecurring costs for both planes; direct operating costs are pro-rated based on actual usage. As of December 31, 2016 and
2015, the net basis in our ownership interest in both planes was $30 million and $34 million recorded in long-term investments
and other assets. In 2016, 2015 and 2014, operating and maintenance costs paid directly to the jointly-owned subsidiary for the
airplanes were nominal.
NOTE 19 — Segment Information
We have four reportable segments: Core OTA, trivago, Egencia and HomeAway upon its acquisition in December 2015.
In addition, eLong was a reportable segment through its disposal on May 22, 2015. Our Core OTA segment, which consists of
the aggregation of operating segments, provides a full range of travel and advertising services to our worldwide customers
through a variety of brands including: Expedia.com and Hotels.com in the United States and localized Expedia and Hotels.com
websites throughout the world, Orbitz.com, Expedia Affiliate Network, Hotwire.com, Travelocity, Wotif Group,
CarRentals.com, and Classic Vacations. Our trivago segment generates advertising revenue primarily from sending referrals to
online travel companies and travel service providers from its hotel metasearch websites. Our Egencia segment, which also
includes Orbitz for Business, provides managed travel services to corporate customers worldwide. Our HomeAway segment
operates an online marketplace for the vacation rental industry.
We determined our operating segments based on how our chief operating decision makers manage our business, make
operating decisions and evaluate operating performance. Our primary operating metric is adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA
for our Core OTA and Egencia segments includes allocations of certain expenses, primarily cost of revenue and facilities, and
our Core OTA segment includes the total costs of our global supply organizations as well as the realized foreign currency gains
or losses related to the forward contracts hedging a component of our net merchant hotel revenue. We base the allocations
primarily on transaction volumes and other usage metrics. We do not allocate certain shared expenses such as accounting,
human resources, information technology and legal to our reportable segments. We include these expenses in Corporate and
Eliminations. Our allocation methodology is periodically evaluated and may change.
Our segment disclosure includes intersegment revenues, which primarily consist of advertising and media services
provided by our trivago segment to our Core OTA segment. These intersegment transactions are recorded by each segment at
amounts that approximate fair value as if the transactions were between third parties, and therefore, impact segment
performance. However, the revenue and corresponding expense are eliminated in consolidation. The elimination of such
intersegment transactions is included within Corporate and Eliminations in the table below.
Corporate and Eliminations also includes unallocated corporate functions and expenses. In addition, we record
amortization of intangible assets and any related impairment, as well as stock-based compensation expense, restructuring and
F- 43
related reorganization charges, legal reserves, occupancy tax and other, and other items excluded from segment operating
performance in Corporate and Eliminations. Such amounts are detailed in our segment reconciliation below. Included with
eLong’s standalone financial statements for 2015 (through its disposal on May 22, 2015) and 2014 was approximately $20
million and $17 million of stock-based compensation and intangible amortization.
The following tables present our segment information for 2016, 2015 and 2014. As a significant portion of our property
and equipment is not allocated to our operating segments and depreciation is not included in our segment measure, we do not
report the assets by segment as it would not be meaningful. We do not regularly provide such information to our chief operating
decision makers.
Core OTA
trivago
Egencia
HomeAway
Corporate &
Eliminations
Total
Year ended December 31, 2016
$
(297,318)
— $ 8,773,564
—
$ (297,318) $ 8,773,564
$ (641,168) $ 1,615,672
(477,061)
(317,141)
(34,890)
(242,417)
(26,498)
(164,956)
(317,141)
(34,890)
(242,417)
(26,498)
(43,217)
—
$(1,470,287)
(43,217)
(12,746)
461,702
(185,102)
276,600
(15,315)
261,285
20,563
$
281,848
$ 7,083,620
—
$ 7,083,620
$ 1,965,987
(255,778)
$
$
$
—
—
—
—
—
(12,746)
(In thousands)
$
$
$
538,479
297,318
835,797
34,826
(7,145)
—
$
$
$
462,279
—
462,279
80,625
(31,340)
—
689,186
—
689,186
175,402
(17,842)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
$ 1,697,463
$
27,681
$
49,285
$
157,560
Third-party revenue
Intersegment revenue
Revenue
Adjusted EBITDA
Depreciation
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and other
Restructuring and related
reorganization charges, excluding
stock-based compensation
Realized (gain) loss on revenue hedges
Operating income (loss)
Other expense, net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Net loss attributable to non-controlling
interests
Net income attributable to Expedia,
Inc.
F- 44
Core OTA
trivago
Egencia
HomeAway(1)
eLong(2)
Corporate &
Eliminations
Total
Year ended December 31, 2015
$
(214,632)
41,743
—
— $ 6,672,317
—
$ (214,632) $ 6,672,317
41,743
(62,167) $ (509,747) $ 1,103,111
(336,680)
(116,850)
(3,263)
—
—
—
—
(156,458)
(156,458)
(7,207)
(7,207)
(178,068)
(178,068)
104,587
104,587
—
(72,122)
(72,122)
—
—
(65,430) $ (935,865)
(43,597)
413,566
512,396
925,962
(203,214)
722,748
41,717
$
764,465
Third-party revenue
Intersegment revenue
Revenue
Adjusted EBITDA
Depreciation
Amortization of
intangible assets
Impairment of intangible
assets
Stock-based
compensation
Legal reserves,
occupancy tax and other
Restructuring and related
reorganization charges,
excluding stock-based
compensation
Realized (gain) loss on
revenue hedges
$ 5,877,213
—
$ 5,877,213
$ 1,600,042
$
$
$
333,024
214,632
547,656
2,856
$
$
$
(189,318)
(2,113)
400,115
—
400,115
68,116
(24,394)
(In thousands)
20,222
$
—
$
$
20,222
4,011
(742)
$
$
$
—
—
—
—
—
(43,597)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Operating income (loss)
$ 1,367,127
$
743
$
43,722
$
3,269
$
Other income, net
Income before income
taxes
Provision for income
taxes
Net income
Net loss attributable to
non-controlling interests
Net income attributable
to Expedia, Inc.
___________________________________
(1)
(2)
Includes results since our acquisition of HomeAway on December 15, 2015.
Includes results through our disposal of eLong on May 22, 2015.
F- 45
Core OTA
trivago
Egencia
eLong
Corporate &
Eliminations
Total
Year ended December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
$ 4,905,150
—
$ 4,905,150
$ 1,387,386
$
$
$
(139,509)
—
$
$
$
280,555
132,964
413,519
3,917
(1,360)
—
$
$
$
399,704
—
399,704
60,933
(20,032)
—
—
—
—
—
(9,412)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
$ 1,238,465
$
2,557
$
40,901
$
Third-party revenue
Intersegment revenue
Revenue
Adjusted EBITDA
Depreciation
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and
other
Restructuring and related
reorganization charges, excluding
stock-based compensation
Realized (gain) loss on revenue
hedges
Operating income (loss)
Other expense, net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Net loss attributable to non-
controlling interests
Net income attributable to
Expedia, Inc.
Geographic Information
$
(132,964)
178,076
—
— $ 5,763,485
—
$ (132,964) $ 5,763,485
178,076
(26,660) $ (400,788) $ 1,024,788
(265,817)
(98,206)
(6,710)
(76,773)
(76,773)
—
(2,842)
(2,842)
(85,011)
(85,011)
—
—
—
—
(41,539)
(41,539)
(25,630)
(25,630)
—
—
(33,370) $ (730,789)
(9,412)
517,764
(53,123)
464,641
(91,691)
372,950
25,147
$
398,097
The following table presents revenue by geographic area, the United States and all other countries, based on the
geographic location of our websites or points of sale for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. No sales to an
individual country other than the United States accounted for more than 10% of revenue for the presented years.
Revenue
United States
All other countries
2016
Year Ended December 31,
2015
(In thousands)
2014
$
$
5,036,539
3,737,025
8,773,564
$
$
3,703,302
2,969,015
6,672,317
$
$
3,046,520
2,716,965
5,763,485
The following table presents property and equipment, net for the United States and all other countries, as of
December 31, 2016 and 2015:
Property and equipment, net
United States
All other countries
As of December 31,
2016
2015
(In thousands)
$
$
1,217,952
176,952
1,394,904
$
$
944,208
120,051
1,064,259
F- 46
NOTE 20 — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
The following table presents the changes in our valuation and qualifying accounts. Other reserves primarily include our
accrual of the cost associated with purchases made on our website related to the use of fraudulent credit cards “charged-back”
due to payment disputes and cancellation fees.
Description
2016
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Other reserves
2015
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Other reserves
2014
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Other reserves
___________________________________
Balance of
Beginning of
Period
Charges to
Earnings
Charges to
Other
Accounts
(1)
(In thousands)
Deductions
Balance at End
of Period
$
$
$
$
$
$
27,035
29,959
13,760
25,258
11,555
15,891
12,191
$
(2,554) $
(11,394) $
11,513
$
10,309
$
(8,547) $
11,176
$
440
$
(9,411) $
25,278
24,493
27,035
29,959
13,760
25,258
(1)
Charges to other accounts primarily relates to amounts acquired through acquisitions and net translation adjustments.
NOTE 21 — Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)
Year ended December 31, 2016
Revenue
Operating income (loss)(1)
Net income (loss) attributable to Expedia, Inc.(1)
Basic earnings (loss) per share(2)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share(2)
Year ended December 31, 2015
Revenue
Operating income (loss)(3)
Net income (loss) attributable to Expedia, Inc.(3)
Basic earnings (loss) per share(2)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share(2)
___________________________________
Three Months Ended
December 31
September 30
June 30
March 31
(4)
(In thousands, except per share data)
$
$
$
$
$
$
2,092,829
147,186
79,457
0.53
0.51
1,698,567
29,477
(12,538)
(0.09) $
(0.09)
2,580,905
386,152
279,331
1.86
1.81
1,937,753
344,998
283,216
2.18
2.12
$
$
$
$
2,195,869
25,662
31,649
0.21
0.21
1,662,600
90,092
449,644
3.49
3.38
$
$
$
$
1,903,961
(97,298)
(108,589)
(0.72)
(0.72)
1,373,397
(51,001)
44,143
0.35
0.34
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
During the fourth quarter of 2016, we recognized a $33 million impairment charge related to indefinite lived intangible
assets.
Earnings per share is computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of the quarterly
earnings per share may not equal the total computed for the year.
During the fourth quarter of 2015, we recognized $23 million related to restructuring and related reorganization
charges.
In March 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to accounting for share-based payments. We elected to early
adopt the new guidance in the second quarter of 2016, which required us to reflect any adjustments as of January 1,
2016. The primary impact of adoption was the recognition of excess tax benefits in our provision for income taxes
rather than additional paid-in capital for all periods in 2016.
F- 47
NOTE 22 — Guarantor and Non-Guarantor Supplemental Financial Information
Condensed consolidating financial information of Expedia, Inc. (the “Parent”), our subsidiaries that are guarantors of our
debt facility and instruments (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”), and our subsidiaries that are not guarantors of our debt facility and
instruments (the “Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries”) is shown below. The debt facility and instruments are guaranteed by certain of
our wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured and
unsubordinated obligations. The guarantees are full, unconditional, joint and several with the exception of certain customary
automatic subsidiary release provisions. In this financial information, the Parent and Guarantor Subsidiaries account for
investments in their wholly-owned subsidiaries using the equity method.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31, 2016
Revenue
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue
Selling and marketing
Technology and content
General and administrative
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and
other
Restructuring and related
reorganization charges
Intercompany (income) expense,
net
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Equity in pre-tax earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries
Other, net
Total other income, net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
Consolidated
$
— $
6,807,279
(In thousands)
2,267,516
$
$
(301,231) $
8,773,564
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
383,883
(162,455)
221,428
221,428
60,420
281,848
1,263,828
3,071,762
903,444
429,015
248,634
—
26,498
30,322
656,273
177,503
286,016
(21,206)
264,810
442,313
(50,168)
392,145
346,200
1,583,993
331,230
249,185
68,507
34,890
—
25,585
(656,273)
284,199
—
(1,441)
(1,441)
282,758
(25,567)
257,191
(13,330)
(288,338)
345
92
—
—
—
—
—
—
(669,899)
—
(669,899)
(669,899)
—
(669,899)
1,596,698
4,367,417
1,235,019
678,292
317,141
34,890
26,498
55,907
—
461,702
—
(185,102)
(185,102)
276,600
(15,315)
261,285
Net loss attributable to non-controlling
interests
Net income attributable to Expedia,
Inc.
Comprehensive income attributable to
Expedia, Inc.
$
$
—
—
20,563
—
20,563
281,848
280,297
$
$
392,145
373,649
$
$
277,754
238,299
$
$
(669,899) $
281,848
(611,948) $
280,297
F- 48
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31, 2015
Revenue
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue
Selling and marketing
Technology and content
General and administrative
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangibles
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and
other
Restructuring and related
reorganization charges
Intercompany (income) expense,
net
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Equity in pre-tax earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries
Gain on sale of business
Other, net
Total other income (expense), net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Net loss attributable to non-controlling
interests
Net income attributable to Expedia,
Inc.
Comprehensive income attributable to
Expedia, Inc.
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries(1)
Eliminations
Consolidated
$
— $
5,194,549
(In thousands)
1,682,677
$
$
(204,909) $
6,672,317
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1,009,785
2,347,919
584,560
373,162
58,524
—
308,463
1,230,059
245,495
200,268
97,934
7,207
(104,587)
—
76,422
28,449
742,010
106,754
(742,010)
306,812
(8,689)
(196,892)
189
483
—
—
—
—
—
—
839,779
870,108
—
(119,451)
720,328
720,328
44,137
764,465
—
64,576
934,684
1,041,438
(194,251)
847,187
—
508,810
58,461
567,271
874,083
(53,100)
820,983
(1,709,887)
—
—
(1,709,887)
(1,709,887)
—
(1,709,887)
1,309,559
3,381,086
830,244
573,913
156,458
7,207
(104,587)
104,871
—
413,566
—
508,810
3,586
512,396
925,962
(203,214)
722,748
—
—
41,717
—
41,717
$
$
764,465
763,202
$
$
847,187
822,898
$
$
862,700
742,132
$
$
(1,709,887) $
764,465
(1,709,887) $
618,345
___________________________________
(1)
Includes results through our disposal of eLong on May 22, 2015.
F- 49
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31, 2014
Revenue
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue
Selling and marketing
Technology and content
General and administrative
Amortization of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and
other
Restructuring and related
reorganization charges
Intercompany (income) expense,
net
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Equity in pre-tax earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries
Other, net
Total other income (expense), net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Net loss attributable to non-controlling
interests
Net income attributable to Expedia,
Inc.
Comprehensive income attributable to
Expedia, Inc.
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Eliminations
Consolidated
$
— $
4,500,723
(In thousands)
1,389,979
$
$
(127,217) $
5,763,485
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
898,647
1,913,719
472,762
243,793
1,848
—
274,788
1,027,798
213,159
181,228
74,925
2,842
41,539
—
5,020
20,610
666,675
256,720
(666,415)
261,044
455,831
(91,569)
364,262
364,262
33,835
398,097
282,769
34,223
316,992
573,712
(110,929)
462,783
—
4,223
4,223
265,267
(14,597)
250,670
5,646
(133,188)
233
352
—
—
—
(260)
—
(738,600)
—
(738,600)
(738,600)
—
(738,600)
1,179,081
2,808,329
686,154
425,373
76,773
2,842
41,539
25,630
—
517,764
—
(53,123)
(53,123)
464,641
(91,691)
372,950
—
—
25,147
—
25,147
$
$
398,097
398,097
$
$
462,783
463,075
$
$
275,817
118,554
$
$
(738,600) $
398,097
(738,600) $
241,126
F- 50
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 2016
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
(In thousands)
Eliminations
Consolidated
ASSETS
Total current assets
Investment in subsidiaries
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill
Other assets, net
TOTAL ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Total current liabilities
Long-term debt
Other liabilities
Stockholders’ equity
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
$
293,759
$
2,535,711
$
1,829,191
$
9,536,273
—
—
4,107
3,410,687
1,921,519
6,392,479
1,608,218
—
525,133
1,549,544
331,818
(1,208,410) $
(12,946,960)
—
—
(5,523)
3,450,251
—
2,446,652
7,942,023
1,938,620
$
$
9,834,139
$
15,868,614
$
4,235,686
$ (14,160,893) $
15,777,546
981,700
$
5,733,755
$
620,153
$
(1,208,410) $
6,127,198
3,159,336
—
5,693,103
—
629,634
—
173,798
9,505,225
3,441,735
—
(5,523)
(12,946,960)
3,159,336
797,909
5,693,103
$
9,834,139
$
15,868,614
$
4,235,686
$ (14,160,893) $
15,777,546
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 2015
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
(In thousands)
Eliminations
Consolidated
ASSETS
Total current assets
Investment in subsidiaries
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill
Other assets, net
TOTAL ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Total current liabilities
Long-term debt
Other liabilities
Redeemable non-controlling interests
Stockholders’ equity
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
$
230,840
$
2,261,450
$
1,201,064
$
(717,093) $
2,976,261
$
$
8,420,890
—
—
33
8,651,763
538,856
3,183,140
—
—
4,929,767
$
$
3,106,719
1,974,968
5,859,457
1,381,837
14,584,431
5,511,639
—
620,685
—
8,452,107
$
$
—
818,986
2,133,484
354,482
4,508,016
592,615
—
181,421
658,478
3,075,502
(11,527,609)
—
—
(13,833)
$ (12,258,535) $
—
2,793,954
7,992,941
1,722,519
15,485,675
$
(717,093) $
—
(13,833)
—
(11,527,609)
5,926,017
3,183,140
788,273
658,478
4,929,767
$
8,651,763
$
14,584,431
$
4,508,016
$ (12,258,535) $
15,485,675
F- 51
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31, 2016
Operating activities:
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures, including internal-use
software and website development
Purchases of investments
Sales and maturities of investments
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Transfers (to) from related parties
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash
divested and disposal costs
Other, net
Net cash provided by (used in) investing
activities
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt,
net of debt issuance costs
Payment of HomeAway Covertible Notes
Purchases of treasury stock
Payment of dividends to stockholders
Proceeds from exercise of equity awards
and employee stock purchase plan
Withholding taxes for stock option exercises
Sales (purchases) of interest in controlled
subsidiaries, net
Transfers (to) from related parties
Other, net
Net cash used in financing activities
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidated
(In thousands)
$
— $
940,191
$
624,143
$
1,564,334
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(2,093)
—
(455,746)
(150,159)
141,043
(1,282)
—
468,511
(274)
(635,534)
—
37,830
—
(172,731)
—
(50,029)
(113,814)
(45,352)
23,105
(777)
172,731
67,088
(838)
(749,348)
(45,352)
60,935
(777)
—
67,088
(50,867)
(820,464)
102,143
(718,321)
—
(401,424)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(118,179)
(1,484)
208,016
(350,332)
(27,216)
(2,093)
(401,424)
(455,746)
(150,159)
141,043
(1,282)
208,016
—
(28,974)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and
cash equivalents
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
$
—
—
—
—
— $
(521,087)
(169,532)
(690,619)
(14,865)
(20,017)
(34,882)
(416,225)
841,696
425,471
$
536,737
834,603
1,371,340
$
120,512
1,676,299
1,796,811
F- 52
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31, 2015
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidated
(In thousands)
$
— $
624,327
$
743,718
$
1,368,045
(709,679)
(473,538)
327,191
(1,873,079)
(303,846)
—
54,226
(2,978,725)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2,350,385
(11,998)
2,338,387
(86,269)
(102,280)
943,976
841,696
$
(77,362)
(47,791)
83,732
(63,791)
177,067
523,882
11,728
607,465
—
—
—
—
1,190
—
(8,518)
(954,175)
27,315
(934,188)
(41,116)
375,879
458,724
834,603
$
(787,041)
(521,329)
410,923
(2,063,649)
—
523,882
65,954
(2,371,260)
1,441,860
(60,546)
22,575
(108,527)
97,716
(85,033)
(8,518)
—
104,672
1,404,199
(127,385)
273,599
1,402,700
1,676,299
Operating activities:
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures, including internal-use
software and website development
Purchases of investments
Sales and maturities of investments
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Transfers (to) from related parties
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash
divested and disposal costs
Other, net
Net cash used in investing activities
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net
of issuance costs
Purchases of treasury stock
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock
Payment of dividends to stockholders
Proceeds from exercise of equity awards and
employee stock purchase plan
Withholding taxes for stock option exercises
Purchase of interest in a controlled
subsidiaries, net
Transfers (to) from related parties
Other, net
—
—
—
(126,779)
126,779
—
—
—
1,441,860
(60,546)
22,575
(108,527)
96,526
(85,033)
—
(1,396,210)
89,355
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and
cash equivalents
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
$
—
—
—
—
— $
F- 53
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31, 2014
Operating activities:
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures, including internal-use
software and website development
Purchases of investments
Sales and maturities of investments
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Other, net
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net
of issuance costs
Purchases of treasury stock
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock
Payment of dividends to stockholders
Proceeds from exercise of equity awards and
employee stock purchase plan
Purchase of interest in controlled subsidiaries,
net
Transfers (to) from related parties
Other, net
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and
cash equivalents
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidated
(In thousands)
$
— $
1,027,571
$
339,388
$
1,366,959
—
—
—
—
—
—
(281,696)
(913,205)
861,744
—
(2,805)
(335,962)
(46,691)
(281,005)
300,813
(560,668)
(744)
(588,295)
—
—
—
—
(328,387)
(1,194,210)
1,162,557
(560,668)
(3,549)
(924,257)
492,894
(537,861)
20,404
(84,697)
3,523
108,121
—
—
—
—
—
—
(287,394)
(2,124)
(3,272)
340,888
(3,472)
(289,518)
337,667
(3,272)
—
52,560
48,149
(64,798)
(44,386)
(109,184)
337,293
606,683
44,374
414,350
381,667
1,021,033
1,402,700
492,894
(537,861)
20,404
(84,697)
104,598
—
(53,494)
58,156
—
—
—
—
$
— $
943,976
$
458,724
$
F- 54
Index to Exhibits
Exhibit
No.
1.1
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.2
4.1
4.2
Exhibit Description
Underwriting Agreement, dated Expedia, Inc.,
as Issuer, the Guarantors party thereto, and
BNP Paribas, Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P.
Morgan Securities plc, as Representatives of
the several Underwriters (relating to the Fourth
Supplemental Indenture on Exhibit 4.6)
Separation Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp, dated
as of August 9, 2005
Separation Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and TripAdvisor, Inc., dated as
of December 20, 2011
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of
December 21, 2012, by and among Expedia,
Inc., trivago GmbH, a wholly owned
subsidiary of Expedia and the shareholders of
trivago GmbH party thereto.
Shareholders Agreement, dated as of
December 21, 2012 by and among trivago
GmbH, Expedia, Inc., a wholly owned
subsidiary of Expedia and certain shareholders
of trivago GmbH.
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of
February 12, 2015, by and among Expedia,
Inc., Xeta, Inc., and Orbtiz Worldwide, Inc.
Purchase and Sale Agreement (Cruise), dated
March 10, 2015, by and between Immunex
Corporation and Cruise, LLC
First Amendment to Purchase and Sale, dated
March 25, 2015, by and between Immunex
Corporation and Cruise, LLC
Share Purchase Agreement, dated May 22,
2015, by and among Expedia, Inc., Expedia
Asia Pacific - Alpha Limited, Ctrip.com
International, Ltd., C-Travel International
Limited, Luxuriant Holdings Limited,
Keystone Lodging Holdings Limited and
Plateno Group Limited
Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated
as of November 4, 2015, by and among
Expedia, Inc., HMS 1 Inc. and HomeAway,
Inc.
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Expedia,
Inc.
Indenture, dated as of August 21, 2006, among
Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary
Guarantors from time to time parties thereto
and The Bank of New York Trust Company,
N.A., as Trustee, relating to Expedia, Inc.’s
7.456% Senior Notes due 2018
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of
January 19, 2007, among Expedia, Inc., as
Issuer, the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto
and The Bank of New York Trust Company,
N.A., as Trustee
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
8-K
000-51447
1.1
6/3/2015
10-Q
000-51447
2.1
11/14/2005
8-K
000-51447
2.1
12/27/2011
8-K
000-51447
2.1
12/21/2012
8-K
000-51447
2.2
12/21/2012
8-K
000-51447
2.1
2/13/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.1
4/2/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.2
4/2/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.1
5/22/2015
8-K
8-K
001-37429
000-51447
2.1
3.3
11/5/2015
8/15/2005
10-Q
000-51447
4.1
11/14/2006
S-4
333-140195
4.2
1/25/2007
E- 1
Exhibit
No.
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
Exhibit Description
Indenture, dated as of August 5, 2010, among
Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary
Guarantors from time to time parties thereto
and The Bank of New York Mellon
Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, governing
Expedia, Inc.’s 5.95% Senior Notes due 2020
Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of
September 30, 2016, among Expedia, Inc., as
Issuer, the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto
and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust
Company, N.A., as Trustee
Indenture, dated as of August 13, 2014, among
Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary
Guarantors from time to time parties thereto
and The Bank of New York Mellon
Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of
August 18, 2014, among Expedia, Inc., the
Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto and The
Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as
Trustee, governing Expedia, Inc.’s
4.500% Senior Notes due 2024
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of
June 3, 2015, among Expedia, Inc., as Issuer,
the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto and
The Bank of New York Mellon
Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, governing
Expedia, Inc.’s 2.500% Senior Notes due 2022
Indenture, dated as of December 8, 2015,
among Expedia, Inc., as Issuer, the Subsidiary
Guarantors from time to time parties thereto
and The Bank of New York Mellon
Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, governing
Expedia, Inc.’s 5.000% Senior Notes due 2026
Amended and Restated Governance
Agreement among Expedia, Inc., Liberty
Interactive Corporation and Barry Diller, dated
as of December 20, 2011
Assignment and Assumption of Governance
Agreement, among Liberty Expedia holdings,
Inc., LEXE Marginco, LLC, LEXEB, LLC,
Liberty Interactive Corporation, Barry Diller
and Expedia, Inc., dated as of November 4,
2016
Amended and Restated Stockholders
Agreement between Liberty Interactive
Corporation and Barry Diller, dated as of
December 20, 2011
Assignment and Assumption of Stockholders
Agreement, by and among Liberty Expedia
Holdings, Inc., Liberty Interactive Corporation
and Barry Diller, dated November 4, 2016
Amendment No. 1 to Stockholders Agreement,
by and between Liberty Expedia Holdings,
Inc. and Barry Diller, dated November 4, 2016
Amended and Restated Transaction
Agreement, by and among Liberty Interactive
Corporation, Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc.,
Barry Diller, John C. Malone and Leslie
Malone, dated as of September 22, 2016
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
8-K
000-51447
4.1
8/10/2010
8-K
001-37429
4.1
10/3/2016
8-K
000-51447
4.1
8/18/2014
8-K
000-51447
4.2
8/18/2014
8-K
000-51447
4.2
6/3/2015
8-K
001-37429
4.1
12/8/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.10
12/27/2011
8-K*†
001-37938
10.6
11/7/2016
10-K
000-51447
10.1
2/10/2012
8-K*†
001-37938
10.7
11/7/2016
8-K*†
001-37938
10.8
11/7/2016
S-4/A*†
333-210377
10.1
9/23/2016
E- 2
Exhibit
No.
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16*
10.17*
10.18*
10.19*
10.20*
10.21*
Exhibit Description
Assignment Agreement, by and between Barry
Diller and Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc.,
dated November 4, 2016
Tax Sharing Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp, dated
as of August 9, 2005
Employee Matters Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp, dated
as of August 9, 2005
Tax Sharing Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and TripAdvisor, Inc., dated as
of December 20, 2011
Employee Matters Agreement by and between
Expedia, Inc. and TripAdvisor, Inc., dated as
of December 20, 2011
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
dated as of September 5, 2014, among
Expedia, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
Expedia, Inc., a Washington corporation,
Travelscape, LLC, a Nevada limited liability
company; Hotwire, Inc., a Delaware
corporation, the Lenders party hereto,
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, and J.P. Morgan Europe
Limited, as London Agent
First Amendment, dated as of February 4,
2016, among Expedia, Inc., a Delaware
corporation, Expedia, Inc., a Washington
corporation, Travelscape, LLC, a Nevada
limited liability company, Hotwire, Inc., a
Delaware corporation, the lenders and issuing
banks party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as Administrative Agent, and J.P.
Morgan Europe Limited, as London Agent
Second Amendment, dated as December 22,
2016, among Expedia, Inc., a Delaware
corporation, Expedia, Inc., a Washington
corporation, Travelscape, LLC, a Nevada
limited liability company, Hotwire, Inc., a
Delaware corporation, the other Borrowing
Subsidiaries from time to time party thereto,
the Lenders from time to time party thereto,
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, and J.P. Morgan Europe
Limited, as London Agent
Office Building Lease by and between Tower
333 LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company, and Expedia, Inc., a Washington
corporation, dated June 25, 2007
Fourth Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc.
2005 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan
Orbitz Worldwide, Inc. 2007 Equity and
Incentive Plan
HomeAway, Inc. 2011 Equity Incentive Plan
Expedia, Inc. 2013 Employee Stock Purchase
Plan
Expedia, Inc. 2013 International Employee
Stock Purchase Plan
Form of Expedia, Inc. Restricted Stock Unit
Agreement (Directors)
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
8-K*†
001-37938
10.10
11/7/2016
10-Q
000-51447
10.10
11/14/2005
10-Q
000-51447
10.1
11/14/2005
8-K
000-51447
10.2
12/27/2011
8-K
000-51447
10.3
12/27/2011
8-K
000-51447
10.1
9/11/2014
8-K
001-37429
10.1
2/8/2016
X
E- 3
10-Q
000-51447
10.10
8/3/2007
DEF 14A 001-37429
Appendix A 8/23/2016
S-8
S-8
333-206990
333-208548
99.1
99.10
9/17/2015
12/15/2015
DEF14A 000-51447
Appendix B
4/30/2013
DEF 14A 000-51447
Appendix C
4/30/2013
10-Q
000-51447
10.1
8/1/2014
Exhibit
No.
10.22*
10.23*
10.24*
10.25*
10.26*
10.27*
10.28*
10.29*
10.30*
10.31*
10.32*
10.33*
10.34*
10.35*
10.36*
10.37*
10.38*
10.39*
21
23.1
Exhibit Description
Form of Expedia, Inc. Restricted Stock Unit
Agreement
Form of Expedia, Inc. Stock Option
Agreement
Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc. Non-
Employee Director Deferred Compensation
Plan, effective as of January 1, 2009
Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc.
Executive Deferred Compensation Plan,
effective as of January 1, 2009
First Amendment of the Executed Deferred
Compensation Plan, effective as of
December 31, 2014
Employment Agreement between Dara
Khosrowshahi and Expedia, Inc., effective as
of March 31, 2015
Second Amended and Restated Expedia, Inc.
Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Dara
Khosrowshahi, dated as of December 20, 2011
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for
Dara Khosrowshahi, dated as of March 31,
2015
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for
Dara Khosrowshahi, dated as of March 31,
2015
Stock Option Agreement between IAC/
InterActiveCorp and Barry Diller, dated as of
June 7, 2005
IAC/InterActiveCorp 2005 Stock and Annual
Incentive Plan
Amended and Restated Employment
Agreement by and between Mark D.
Okerstrom and Expedia, Inc., effective as of
October 20, 2011
Amendment to the Amended and Restated
Employment Agreement by and between Mark
D. Okerstrom and Expedia, Inc., effective
March 7, 2014
Second Amendment to the Amended and
Restated Employment Agreement by and
between Mark D. Okerstrom and Expedia,
Inc., dated September 11, 2014
Third Amendment to the Amended and
Restated Employment Agreement by and
between Mark D. Okerstrom and Expedia,
Inc., dated March 7, 2016
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for
Mark D. Okerstrom, dated as of March 7, 2016
Expedia, Inc. Stock Option Agreement for
Mark D. Okerstrom, dated as of March 7, 2016
Employment Agreement between Robert J.
Dzielak and Expedia, Inc., effective as of
March 2, 2015
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
Consent of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
Filed
Herewith
X
X
10-K
000-51447
10.1
2/19/2009
10-K
000-51447
10.2
2/19/2009
10-K
000-51447
10.20
2/6/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.10
4/1/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.5
12/27/2011
8-K
000-51447
10.2
4/1/2015
8-K
000-51447
10.3
4/1/2015
10-Q**
000-20570
10.8
11/09/2005
S-4/A**
333-124303
Annex J
06/17/2005
S-4/A
333-175828
10.17
10/24/2011
8-K
000-51447
10.1
03/07/2014
8-K
000-51447
10.1
09/12/2014
8-K
8-K
8-K
001-37429
001-37429
001-37429
10.1
10.2
10.3
03/09/2016
03/09/2016
03/09/2016
8-K
000-51447
10.1
03/04/2015
X
X
E- 4
Exhibit
No.
31.1
31.2
31.3
Exhibit Description
Certifications of the Chairman and Senior
Executive Pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
pursuant Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002
32.1*** Certification of the Chairman and Senior
Executive pursuant Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*** Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
pursuant Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002
32.3*** Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
pursuant Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002
101
The following financial statements from the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2016, formatted
in XBRL: (i) Consolidated Statements of
Operations, (ii) Consolidated Statements of
Comprehensive Income, (iii) Consolidated
Balance Sheets, (iv) Consolidated Statements
of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity,
(v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows,
and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Filed
Herewith
Incorporated by Reference
Form
SEC File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
X
X
X
X
*
**
*†
***
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
Indicates reference to filing of IAC/InterActiveCorp
Indicates reference to filing of Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc.
Furnished herewith
E- 5
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
OFFICERS
Barry Diller
Chairman and Senior Executive
Dara Khosrowshahi
President and
Chief Executive Officer
Victor A. Kaufman
Vice Chairman
Mark D. Okerstrom
Chief Financial Officer and
Executive Vice President
of Operations
Robert J. Dzielak
Executive Vice President,
General Counsel and Secretary
Lance A. Soliday
Senior Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and
Controller
Barry Diller, Chairman
Chairman and Senior Executive
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp
Dara Khosrowshahi
President and Chief Executive Officer
Expedia, Inc.
Victor A. Kaufman
Vice Chairman
Expedia, Inc. and IAC/InterActiveCorp
Susan C. Athey
Economics of Technology Professor
Stanford Graduate School of Business
A. George (Skip) Battle
Former CEO and
Executive Chairman,
Ask Jeeves, Inc.
Chelsea Clinton
Vice Chair
Clinton Foundation
Pamela L. Coe
Senior Vice President, Deputy
General Counsel and Secretary
Liberty Interactive Corporation and
Liberty Media Corporation
Jonathan L. Dolgen
Principal
Wood River Ventures, LLC
Craig A. Jacobson
Partner
Hansen, Jacobson, Teller, Hoberman,
Newman, Warren, Richman, Rush,
Kaller & Gellman, L.L.P.
Peter M. Kern
Managing Partner
InterMedia Partners VII, LP
John C. Malone
Chairman
Liberty Interactive Corporation and
Liberty Media Corporation
Scott Rudin
Film and Theatre Producer
Christopher W. Shean
Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director
Liberty Expedia Holdings, Inc.
Alexander von Furstenberg
Founder and Chief Investment Officer
Ranger Global Advisors, LLC
STOCKHOLDER
INFORMATION
Annual Meeting
(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:81)(cid:88)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:72)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:70)(cid:78)(cid:75)(cid:82)(cid:79)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:85)s
will be held via audio
webcast on June 13, 2017 (cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:3)
9(cid:29)3(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:17)(cid:80)(cid:17)(cid:3)Eastern Time
Online audio webcast:
EXPE.onlineshareholdermeeting.com
Stock Market Listing
Expedia, Inc.’s common stock is
traded on the NASDAQ Global
Select Market under the symbol
“EXPE.”
Registrar and Transfer Agent
Computershare
Stockholder correspondence should
be mailed to:
Computershare
P.O. Box (cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:19)
(cid:38)(cid:82)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:74)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:87)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:59)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:19)
Overnight correspondence should
be mailed to:
Computershare
(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:52)(cid:88)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:76)(cid:85)(cid:70)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)
College Station, TX 77845
Computershare stockholder website:
www.computershare.com/investor
Computershare stockholder
online inquiries:
https://www-us.computershare.com/
Investor/Contact
Computershare
Toll Free Number 866-202-9254
Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Ernst & Young LLP
999 Third Avenue
Suite 3500
Seattle, WA 98104
Investor Inquiries
All inquiries can be directed
as follows:
(425) 679-7200
ir@expedia.com
Corporate Headquarters
333 108th Avenue N.E.
Bellevue, WA 98004
(425) 679-7200
This annual report contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking
statements reflect the views of our management regarding expectations about future events and are based on then available information. Actual results
could differ materially. The use of words such as "anticipates," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "plans" and "believes," among others, generally identify
forward-looking statements; however, these words are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. These forward-looking statements are
inherently subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Please carefully review and consider the various
disclosures made in our Annual Report on Form 10-K enclosed herein and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission that
attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may impact future results.
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J
2016
2016