Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Banks - Regional / F & M Bank Corp.

F & M Bank Corp.

fmbm · OTC Financial Services
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Ticker fmbm
Exchange OTC
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 170
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FY2017 Annual Report · F & M Bank Corp.
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BACK COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

FRONT COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

INSIDE COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 1  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 2  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 3  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

: PMS GREY 432,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

PAGE 11 

PAGE 12 

PAGE 10 

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

PAGE 4 

PAGE 5 

PAGE 6 

PAGE 7 

PAGE 8 

PAGE 9 

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-
BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

FMBANKVA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM
OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE
APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

F&M BANK CORP

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE

DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM

BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,

PEER GROUP 3

INCREASED

REFERRALS

STAUNTON

BRANCH

OPENED

HIGH

TRAFFIC

BRANCH

MOVES

7,106

FOLLOWERS

ON SOCIAL

MEDIA

2018

BRANCHES

PLANNED

STOCK

IMPROVED

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

affiliated with either entity.

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

Products and services made

* Investment and

insurance products and

services are offered through

INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.

Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &

Merchants Financial Services, Inc.

is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers

and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not

available through Ininex are not

insured by the FDIC or any other

agency of the United States and

are not deposits or obligations of

nor guaranteed or insured by any

bank or bank affiliate. These

products are subject to investment

risk, including the possible loss of

value. We do not provide tax

advice. Please consult your

advisor.

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

Securities and Insurance

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

FMBANKVA

Products:

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

Not Insured By FDIC or any

Federal Government Agency

May Lose Value

Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed

by the Bank or any

Bank Affiliate

FMBANKVA

BACK COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

FRONT COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

INSIDE COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 1  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 2  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 3  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 4  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 5  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

PAGE 12 

PAGE 11 

PAGE 10 

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

PAGE 6 

PAGE 7 

PAGE 8 

PAGE 9 

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

FMBANKVA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

EDINBURG

WOODSTOCK

BROADWAY

TIMBERVILLE

BRIDGEWATER

LURAY

STAUNTON

COFFMAN’S CORNER

VBS MORTGAGE

DEALER FINANCE

CRAIGSVILLE

STAUNTON /
FISHERSVILLE

VS TITLE

GROTTOES

CROSSROADS

ELKTON

INCREASED

REFERRALS

STAUNTON

BRANCH

OPENED

HIGH

TRAFFIC

BRANCH

MOVES

7,106

FOLLOWERS

ON SOCIAL

MEDIA

2018

BRANCHES

PLANNED

STOCK

IMPROVED

F&M BANK CORP

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE
DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM
BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,
PEER GROUP 3

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

affiliated with either entity.

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

Products and services made

* Investment and

insurance products and

services are offered through

INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.

Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &

Merchants Financial Services, Inc.

is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers

and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not

available through Ininex are not

insured by the FDIC or any other

agency of the United States and

are not deposits or obligations of

nor guaranteed or insured by any

bank or bank affiliate. These

products are subject to investment

risk, including the possible loss of

value. We do not provide tax

advice. Please consult your

advisor.

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

Securities and Insurance

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

FMBANKVA

Products:

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

Not Insured By FDIC or any

Federal Government Agency

May Lose Value

Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed

by the Bank or any

Bank Affiliate

FMBANKVA

BACK COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

FRONT COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

INSIDE COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 1  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 2  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 3  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 4  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 5  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 6  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 7  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

PAGE 11 

PAGE 10 

PAGE 12 

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

PAGE 8 

PAGE 9 

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

FMBANKVA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

INCREASED
REFERRALS

STAUNTON
BRANCH
OPENED

HIGH
TRAFFIC
BRANCH
MOVES

7,106
FOLLOWERS
ON SOCIAL
MEDIA

2018
BRANCHES
PLANNED

STOCK
IMPROVED

F&M BANK CORP

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE
DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM
BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,
PEER GROUP 3

2017 includes reclass of subsidiary income

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

affiliated with either entity.

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

Products and services made

* Investment and

insurance products and

services are offered through

INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.

Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &

Merchants Financial Services, Inc.

is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers

and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not

available through Ininex are not

insured by the FDIC or any other

agency of the United States and

are not deposits or obligations of

nor guaranteed or insured by any

bank or bank affiliate. These

products are subject to investment

risk, including the possible loss of

value. We do not provide tax

advice. Please consult your

advisor.

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

Securities and Insurance

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

FMBANKVA

Products:

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

Not Insured By FDIC or any

Federal Government Agency

May Lose Value

Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed

by the Bank or any

Bank Affiliate

FMBANKVA

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

BACK COVER 

BLEED:

FRONT COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

INSIDE COVER  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 1  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 2  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 3  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 4  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 5  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 6  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 7  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 8  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 9  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

: PMS GREY 432,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

PAGE 10 

PAGE 11 

PAGE 12 

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

BLEED:

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

FMBANKVA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

INCREASED

REFERRALS

STAUNTON

BRANCH

OPENED

HIGH

TRAFFIC

BRANCH

MOVES

7,106

FOLLOWERS

ON SOCIAL

MEDIA

2018

BRANCHES

PLANNED

STOCK

IMPROVED

F&M BANK CORP

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE

DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM

BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,

PEER GROUP 3

* Investment and

insurance products and

services are offered through

INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.

Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &

Merchants Financial Services, Inc.

is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers

and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not

affiliated with either entity.

Products and services made

available through Ininex are not

insured by the FDIC or any other

agency of the United States and

are not deposits or obligations of

nor guaranteed or insured by any

bank or bank affiliate. These

products are subject to investment

risk, including the possible loss of

value. We do not provide tax

advice. Please consult your

advisor.

Products:

Securities and Insurance

Not Insured By FDIC or any

Federal Government Agency

May Lose Value

Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed

by the Bank or any

Bank Affiliate

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

FMBANKVA

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

 4MM  /  

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

FRONT COVER 

INSIDE COVER 

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

BACK COVER 

 4MM  /  

BLEED:

BLEED:

PAGE 1  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 2  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 3  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 4  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 5  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 6  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 7  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 8  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 9  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 10  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

PAGE 11  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

PAGE 12 

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

BLEED:

BLEED:

INCREASED

REFERRALS

STAUNTON

BRANCH

OPENED

HIGH

TRAFFIC

BRANCH

MOVES

7,106

FOLLOWERS

ON SOCIAL

MEDIA

2018

BRANCHES

PLANNED

STOCK

IMPROVED

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

FMBANKVA

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

F&M BANK CORP

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE

DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM

BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,

PEER GROUP 3

TRACK
SPENDING

SET
GOALS

PLAN
RETIREMENT

BUDGET

NET
WORTH

SAVE
MONEY

* Investment and

insurance products and

services are offered through

INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.

Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &

Merchants Financial Services, Inc.

is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers

and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not

affiliated with either entity.

Products and services made

available through Ininex are not

insured by the FDIC or any other

agency of the United States and

are not deposits or obligations of

nor guaranteed or insured by any

bank or bank affiliate. These

products are subject to investment

risk, including the possible loss of

value. We do not provide tax

advice. Please consult your

advisor.

Products:

Securities and Insurance

Not Insured By FDIC or any

Federal Government Agency

May Lose Value

Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed

by the Bank or any

Bank Affiliate

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

FMBANKVA

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

 4MM  /  

 PMS RED 202,

: PMS GREY 432,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

FRONT COVER 

INSIDE COVER 

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

BACK COVER 

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

PAGE 1 

PAGE 2 

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PAGE 12  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

INCREASED

REFERRALS

STAUNTON

BRANCH

OPENED

HIGH

TRAFFIC

BRANCH

MOVES

7,106

FOLLOWERS

ON SOCIAL

MEDIA

2018

BRANCHES

PLANNED

STOCK

IMPROVED

F&M BANK CORP

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE

DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,

FMBANKVA

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

PEER GROUP 3

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

RETIREMENT
PLANS

FIXED
ANNUITIES

INDIVIDUAL
STOCKS

FINANCIAL
SERVICES

MUTUAL
FUNDS

INVESTMENT
TRUSTS

BROKERED
CDS

* Investment and
insurance products and
services are offered through
INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.
Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &
Merchants Financial Services, Inc.
is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers
and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not
affiliated with either entity.
Products and services made
available through Ininex are not
insured by the FDIC or any other
agency of the United States and
are not deposits or obligations of
nor guaranteed or insured by any
bank or bank affiliate. These
products are subject to investment
risk, including the possible loss of
value. We do not provide tax
advice. Please consult your
advisor.
Securities and Insurance
Products:
Not Insured By FDIC or any
Federal Government Agency
May Lose Value
Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed
by the Bank or any
Bank Affiliate

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

FMBANKVA

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 PMS RED 202,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

FRONT COVER 

INSIDE COVER 

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

BACK COVER 

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

PAGE 1 

PAGE 2 

PAGE 3 

PAGE 4 

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PAGE 12  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

STAUNTON

INCREASED

BRANCH

REFERRALS

OPENED

7,106

HIGH

FOLLOWERS

TRAFFIC

BRANCH

ON SOCIAL

MOVES

MEDIA

2018

STOCK

BRANCHES

PLANNED

IMPROVED

F&M BANK CORP

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE

DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,

FMBANKVA

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

PEER GROUP 3

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

YEARS

VICKIE
WENDT

KITTY
PURCELL

YEARS

MARY
CAMPBELL

SHARRIE
HARRISON

LARRY
CAPLINGER

CHUCK
FOLTZ

YEARS

LYNETTE
WINE

ROBIN
MILLER

YEARS

BONNIE
HARRIS

JESSICA
HARTMAN

RYAN
MAY

KRISTA
SUTER

ROBERTA
KAGEY

ANN
KIRTLEY

SHERRILL
BEAHM

GREG
BERKSHIRE

YEARS

SHEILA
REEDY

YEARS

SARAH
PRUSAK

JT
BISHOP

DONNA
BROWN

GARY
DAVENPORT

ED
STRUNK

TAMMY
WHITMIRE

JENNIFER
FOLTZ

* Investment and

insurance products and

services are offered through

INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.

Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &

Merchants Financial Services, Inc.

is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers

and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not

affiliated with either entity.

Products and services made

available through Ininex are not

insured by the FDIC or any other

agency of the United States and

are not deposits or obligations of

nor guaranteed or insured by any

bank or bank affiliate. These

products are subject to investment

risk, including the possible loss of

value. We do not provide tax

advice. Please consult your

advisor.

Products:

Securities and Insurance

Not Insured By FDIC or any

Federal Government Agency

May Lose Value

Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed

by the Bank or any

Bank Affiliate

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

FMBANKVA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483,

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

 PLUS SPOT VARNISH

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

: PMS GREY 432,

FRONT COVER 

INSIDE COVER 

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

SPOT COLORS

BACK COVER 

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 PMS RED 202,

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

 4MM  /  

PAGE 1 

PAGE 2 

PAGE 3 

PAGE 4 

PAGE 5 

PAGE 6 

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PAGE 12  /  F&M 2017 ANNUAL REPORT  /  BLEED: 4MM  /  SPOT COLORS: PMS GREY 432, PMS RED 202, PMS DUSTY GREEN 5483, PLUS SPOT VARNISH

STAUNTON

INCREASED

BRANCH

REFERRALS

OPENED

7,106

HIGH

FOLLOWERS

TRAFFIC

BRANCH

ON SOCIAL

MOVES

MEDIA

2018

STOCK

BRANCHES

PLANNED

IMPROVED

F&M BANK CORP

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

PEER TOP 20%

PER MEDIAN

DIVIDENDS DECLARED

PEER STATISTICS FROM THE

DECEMBER 31, 2017 UNIFORM

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM

BANK PERFORMANCE REPORT,

FMBANKVA

OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE

PEER GROUP 3

APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

* Investment and

insurance products and

services are offered through

INFINEX INVESTMENTS, INC.

Member FINRA/SIPC. Farmers &

Merchants Financial Services, Inc.

is a nonbank subsidiary of Farmers

and Merchants Bank. Infinex is not

affiliated with either entity.

Products and services made

available through Ininex are not

insured by the FDIC or any other

agency of the United States and

are not deposits or obligations of

nor guaranteed or insured by any

bank or bank affiliate. These

products are subject to investment

risk, including the possible loss of

value. We do not provide tax

advice. Please consult your

advisor.

Products:

Securities and Insurance

Not Insured By FDIC or any

Federal Government Agency

May Lose Value

Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed

by the Bank or any

Bank Affiliate

FARMERSANDMERCHANTSBANK

FARMERS-&-MERCHANTS-
BANK-OF-VIRGINIA

FMBANKVA

VISIT WWW.FMBANKVA.COM
OR DOWNLOAD THE APP FROM THE
APP STORE OR GOOGLE PLAY

FMBANKVA

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D. C. 20549 
FORM 10-K 
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE 
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 
Commission file number:  0-13273 
F & M BANK CORP. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Virginia 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 

54-1280811 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 

P. O. Box 1111, Timberville, Virginia  22853 
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) 
(540) 896-8941 
(Registrant’s telephone number including area code) 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 
Common Stock - $5 Par value per share 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Sarbanes Act. Yes [ ]  No   [x] 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes  [ ]   
No   [x] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), 
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  [x]   No  [ ] 

Indicate  by check  mark  whether the  registrant  has  submitted electronically and  posted  on  its  corporate  Web  site,  if  any, every 
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X]  No [ ]  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not 
be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III 
of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   [x] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, 
smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” 
“accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 
Act.  
Large accelerated filer   ☐     Accelerated filer      
smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company    

☒  Non-accelerated filer     ☐ (Do not check if a 
☒  Emerging growth company     ☐ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended 
transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 
13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).   Yes   [ ]   No   [x]  

The registrant’s Common Stock is traded Over-the-Counter under the symbol FMBM. The aggregate market value of the 2,932,029 
shares  of  Common  Stock  of  the  registrant  issued  and  outstanding  held  by  non-affiliates  on  June  30,  2017  was  approximately 
$85,615,255 based on the closing sales price of $29.20 per share on that date. For purposes of this calculation, the term “affiliate” 
refers to all directors and executive officers of the registrant. 

As of the close of business on March 9, 2018, there were 3,256,579 shares of the registrant's Common Stock outstanding. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: 

Part III:  Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 12, 2018 (the “Proxy Statement”). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 

PART I 

Page 

Item 1 

Business .............................................................................................................................................................. 2 

Item 1A  Risk Factors ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 

Item 1B  Unresolved Staff Comments…………………………………………………..……………………………15 

Item 2 

Properties………………………………………………………………………………………….………..15 

Item 3 

Legal Proceedings ............................................................................................................................................. 15 

Item 4  Mine Safety Disclosures ................................................................................................................................... 16 

PART II 

Item 5 

  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of  
  Equity Securities……………….……………………………………………………………………...……16 

Item 6 

Selected Financial Data .................................................................................................................................... 18 

Item 7  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 

and Results of Operations ............................................................................................................................. 19 

Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk .......................................................................... 41 

Item 8 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data…………….. ......................................................................... 42 

Item 9 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants 

on Accounting and Financial Disclosure ..................................................................................................... 97 

Item 9A  Controls and Procedures ................................................................................................................................... 97 

Item 9B  Other Information ............................................................................................................................................. 98 

PART III 

Item 10  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance .............................................................................. 98 

Item 11 

Executive Compensation .................................................................................................................................. 98 

Item 12 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters ...... 98 

Item 13  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ............................................... 98 

Item 14 

Principal Accounting Fees and Services .......................................................................................................... 98 

PART IV 

Item 15 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules ................................................................................................... 99 

Item 16 

Form 10-K Summary……………………………………………………………………………………...100 

Signatures .......................................................................................................................................................................... 101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I 

Item 1.  Business 

General 

F & M Bank Corp. (the “Company” or “we”), incorporated in Virginia in 1983, is a one bank financial holding company 
pursuant to section 3(a)(1) of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, and owns 100% of the outstanding stock of its 
affiliate, Farmers & Merchants Bank (“Bank”) and a majority interest in VS Title, LLC (“VST”).  TEB Life Insurance 
Company (“TEB”) and Farmers & Merchants Financial Services, Inc. (“FMFS”) are wholly owned subsidiaries of the 
Bank. The Bank also holds a majority ownership in VBS Mortgage, LLC (“VBS”). 

The Bank was chartered on April 15, 1908, as a state chartered bank under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  
TEB was incorporated on January 27, 1988, as a captive life insurance company under the laws of the State of Arizona.  
FMFS is a Virginia chartered corporation and was incorporated on February 25, 1993. VBS (formerly Valley Broker 
Services, Inc.) was incorporated on May 11, 1999. The Bank purchased a majority interest in VBS on November 3, 2008 
and the Company purchased a majority interest in VST on January 1, 2017.  VBS Mortgage owns the remaining minority 
interest in VST. 

As a commercial bank, the Bank offers a wide range of banking services including commercial and individual demand 
and time deposit accounts, commercial and individual loans, internet and mobile banking, drive-in banking services, 
ATMs  at  all  branch  locations  and  several  off-site  locations,  as  well  as  a  courier  service  for  its  commercial  banking 
customers.  TEB was organized to re-insure credit life and accident and health insurance currently being sold by the Bank 
in  connection  with  its  lending  activities.    FMFS  was  organized  to  write  title  insurance  but  now  provides  brokerage 
services,  commercial  and  personal  lines  of  insurance  to  customers  of  the  Bank.  VBS  originates  conventional  and 
government sponsored mortgages through their offices in Harrisonburg, Woodstock and Fishersville.  VS Title provides 
title insurance and real estate settlement services through their offices in Harrisonburg, Fishersville and Charlottesville, 
VA.  

The Bank makes various types of commercial and consumer loans and has a large portfolio of residential mortgages and 
indirect auto lending. The local economy is relatively diverse with strong employment in the agricultural, manufacturing, 
service and governmental sectors. 

The Company’s and the Bank’s principal executive office is at 205 South Main Street, Timberville, VA 22853, and its 
phone number is (540) 896-8941. 

Filings with the SEC 

The Company files annual, quarterly and other reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These reports are posted and are available at no cost on the Company’s website, 
www.FMBankVA.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company files such documents with the SEC. The 
Company’s filings are also available through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.  

Employees 

On December 31, 2017, the Bank had 178 full-time and part-time employees; including executive officers, loan and 
other banking officers, branch personnel, operations personnel and other support personnel. None of the Company’s 
employees is represented by a union or covered under a collective bargaining agreement. Management of the Company 
considers their employee relations to be excellent. No one employee devotes full-time services to F & M Bank Corp. 

Competition 

The Bank's offices face strong competition from numerous other financial institutions.  These other institutions include 
large national and regional banks, other community banks, nationally chartered savings banks, credit unions, consumer 
finance  companies,  mortgage  companies,  loan  production  offices,  mutual  funds  and  life  insurance  companies. 
Competition for loans and deposits is affected by a variety of factors including interest rates, types of products offered, 
the number and location of branch offices, marketing strategies and the reputation of the Bank within the communities 
served. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1.  Business, continued 

Regulation and Supervision 

General. The operations of the Company and the Bank are subject to federal and state statutes, which apply to financial 
holding  companies  and  state  member  banks  of  the  Federal  Reserve  System.  The  common  stock  of  the  Company  is 
registered pursuant to and subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the 
“Exchange Act”).  These include, but are not limited to, the filing of annual, quarterly, and other current reports with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). As an Exchange Act reporting company, the Company is directly 
affected by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”).  The Company believes it is in compliance with SEC 
and other rules and regulations implemented pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley and intends to comply with any applicable 
rules and regulations implemented in the future. 

The Company, as a financial holding company, is subject to the provisions of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, 
as amended (the "Act") and is supervised by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve 
Board”).  The Act requires the Company to secure the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board before the Company 
acquires ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares or substantially all of the assets of any institution, 
including another bank.  

As a financial holding company, the Company is required to file with the Federal Reserve Board an annual report and 
such  additional  information  as  it  may  require  pursuant  to  the  Act.    The  Federal  Reserve  Board  may  also  conduct 
examinations of F & M Bank Corp. and any or all of its subsidiaries. Under Section 106 of the 1970 Amendments to the 
Act and the regulations of the Federal Reserve Board, a bank holding company and its subsidiaries are prohibited from 
engaging in certain tie-in arrangements in connection with an extension of credit, provision of credit, sale or lease of 
property or furnishing of services. 

The Federal Reserve Board regulations limit activities of financial holding companies to managing or controlling banks 
or non-banking activities closely related to banking.  These activities include the making or servicing of loans, performing 
certain  data  processing  services,  and  certain  leasing  and  insurance  agency  activities.    Since  1994,  the  Company  has 
entered into agreements with the Virginia Community Development Corporation to purchase equity positions in several 
Low-Income Housing Funds; these funds provide housing for low-income individuals throughout Virginia.  Approval of 
the Federal Reserve Board is necessary to engage in any of the activities described above or to acquire interests engaging 
in these activities. 

The Bank as a state member bank is supervised and regularly examined by the Virginia Bureau of Financial Institutions 
and the Federal Reserve Board; such supervision and examination by the Virginia Bureau of Financial Institutions and 
the  Federal  Reserve  Board  is  intended  primarily  for  the  protection  of  depositors  and  not  the  stockholders  of  the 
Company. 

Payment of Dividends. The Company is a legal entity, separate and distinct from its subsidiaries. A significant portion 
of  the  revenues  of  the  Company  result  from  dividends  paid  to  it  by  the  Bank.  There  are  various  legal  limitations 
applicable to the payment of dividends by the Bank to the Company. Under the current regulatory guidelines, prior 
approval from the Federal Reserve Board is required if cash dividends declared in any given year exceed net income 
for that year, plus retained net profits of the two preceding years. A bank also may not declare a dividend out of or in 
excess of its net undivided profits without regulatory approval.  The payment of dividends by the Bank or the Company 
may also be limited by other factors, such as requirements to maintain capital above regulatory guidelines. 

Bank  regulatory  agencies  have  the  authority  to  prohibit  the  Bank  or  the  Company  from  engaging  in  an  unsafe  or 
unsound practice in conducting their businesses. The payment of dividends, depending on the financial condition of 
the Bank, or the Company, could be deemed to constitute such an unsafe or unsound practice. Based on the Bank’s 
current financial condition, the Company does not expect that any of these laws will have any impact on its ability to 
obtain dividends from the Bank. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1.  Business, continued 

Regulation and Supervision, continued 

The Company also is subject to regulatory restrictions on dividends to its shareholders.  Regulators have indicated 
that  bank  holding  companies  should  generally  pay  dividends  only  if  the  organization’s  net  income  available  to 
common shareholders over the past year has been sufficient to fully fund the dividends and the prospective rate of 
earnings  retention  appears  consistent  with  the  organization’s  capital  needs,  asset  quality,  and  overall  financial 
condition.    Further,  a  bank  holding  company  should  inform  and  consult  with  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  prior  to 
declaring a dividend that exceeds earnings for the period (e.g., quarter) for which the dividend is being paid or that 
could result in a material adverse change to the organization’s capital structure. 

Capital Requirements.  In 2013, the Federal Reserve, the Federal Deposit Insurance Company (FDIC) and the Office 
of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) approved a new rule that substantially amends the regulatory risk-based 
capital rules applicable to us. The final rule implements the "Basel III" regulatory capital reforms and changes required 
by the Dodd-Frank Act (see definition below). The final rule includes new minimum risk-based capital and leverage 
ratios  which  was  effective  for  us  on  January 1,  2015,  and  refines  the  definition  of  what  constitutes  "capital"  for 
purposes  of  calculating  these  ratios.  The  new  minimum  capital  requirements  are:  (i) a  new  common  equity  Tier 1 
("CET1") capital ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 to risk-based assets capital ratio of 6%, which is increased from 4%; (iii) a 
total capital ratio of 8%, which is unchanged from the previous rules; and (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4%. The final 
rule also establishes a "capital conservation buffer" of 2.5% above the new regulatory minimum capital ratios, and 
when fully effective in 2019, will result in the following minimum ratios: (a) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 
7.0%;  (b) a  Tier 1  to  risk-based  assets  capital  ratio  of  8.5%;  and  (c) a  total  capital  ratio  of  10.5%.    The  capital 
conservation buffer is being phased in from 0.00% for 2015 to 2.50% by 2019.   An institution will be subject to 
limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses if its capital level 
falls below the buffer amount. These limitations will establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that 
can be utilized for such activities. 

The CETI and Tier 1 leverage ratio of the Bank as of December 31, 2017, were 14.43% and 12.07%, respectively, 
which  are  significantly  above  the  minimum  requirements.  The  guidelines  also  provide  that  banking  organizations 
experiencing internal growth or making acquisitions will be expected to maintain strong capital positions substantially 
above the minimum supervisory levels, without significant reliance on intangible assets. 

In September 2017, the federal bank regulatory agencies proposed to revise and simplify the capital treatment for 
certain deferred tax assets, mortgage servicing assets, investments in non-consolidated financial entities and 
minority interests for banking organizations, such as the Bank, that are not subject to the advanced approaches 
requirements. In November 2017, the regulatory agencies revised the capital rules enacted in 2013 to extend the 
current transitional treatment of these items for non-advanced approaches banking organizations until the September 
2017 proposal is finalized. The September 2017 proposal would also change the capital treatment of certain 
commercial real estate loans under the standardized approach, which the Bank uses to calculate its capital ratios. 

In December 2017, the Basel Committee published standards that it described as the finalization of the Basel III 
post-crisis regulatory reforms (the standards are commonly referred to as “Basel IV”). Among other things, these 
standards revise the Basel Committee’s standardized approach for credit risk (including by recalibrating risk weights 
and introducing new capital requirements for certain “unconditionally cancellable commitments,” such as unused 
credit card lines of credit) and provide a new standardized approach for operational risk capital. Under the proposed 
framework, these standards will generally be effective on January 1, 2022, with an aggregate output floor phasing-in 
through January 1, 2027. Under the current capital rules, operational risk capital requirements and a capital floor 
apply only to advanced approaches institutions, and not to the Company. The impact of Basel IV on the Company 
and the Bank will depend on the manner in which it is implemented by the federal bank regulatory agencies. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1.  Business, continued 

Regulation and Supervision, continued  

Source of Strength.  Federal Reserve policy has historically required bank holding companies to act as a source of 
financial and managerial strength to their subsidiary banks. The Dodd-Frank Act codified this policy as a statutory 
requirement. Under this requirement, the Company is expected to commit resources to support the Bank, including 
at times when the Company may not be in a financial position to provide such resources. Any capital loans by a 
bank holding company to any of its subsidiary banks are subordinate in right of payment to depositors and to certain 
other indebtedness of such subsidiary banks. In the event of a bank holding company's bankruptcy, any commitment 
by the bank holding company to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of a subsidiary bank will be 
assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to priority of payment. 

Safety and Soundness.  There are a number of obligations and restrictions imposed on bank holding companies and 
their subsidiary banks by law and regulatory policy that are designed to minimize potential loss to the depositors of 
such depository institutions and the FDIC insurance fund in the event of a depository institution default. For example, 
under  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation  Improvement  Act  of  1991,  to  avoid  receivership  of  an  insured 
depository institution subsidiary, a bank holding company is required to guarantee the compliance of any subsidiary 
bank that may become "undercapitalized" with the terms of any capital restoration plan filed by such subsidiary with 
its appropriate federal bank regulatory agency up to the lesser of (i) an amount equal to 5% of the institution's total 
assets at the time the institution became undercapitalized or (ii) the amount that is necessary (or would have been 
necessary) to bring the institution into compliance with all applicable capital standards as of the time the institution 
fails  to  comply  with  such  capital  restoration  plan.    Under  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Act,  the  federal  bank 
regulatory agencies have adopted guidelines prescribing safety and soundness standards. These guidelines establish 
general standards relating to internal controls and information systems, internal audit systems, loan documentation, 
credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth and compensation, fees and benefits. In general, the guidelines 
require, among other things, appropriate systems and practices to identify and manage the risk and exposures specified 
in the guidelines. 

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. Effective on March 11, 2001, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the “GLB Act”) allows a 
bank  holding  company  or  other  company  to  certify  status  as  a  financial  holding  company,  which  will  allow  such 
company to engage in activities that are financial in nature, that are incidental to such activities, or are complementary 
to such activities. The GLB Act enumerates certain activities that are deemed financial in nature, such as underwriting 
insurance or acting as an insurance principal, agent or broker; dealing in or making markets in securities; and engaging 
in merchant banking under certain restrictions. It also authorizes the Federal Reserve to determine by regulation what 
other activities are financial in nature, or incidental or complementary thereto. 

USA Patriot Act of 2001. In October 2001, the USA Patriot Act of 2001 was enacted in response to the terrorist attacks 
in New York, Pennsylvania and Northern Virginia which occurred on September 11, 2001. The Patriot Act is intended 
to  strengthen  U.S.  law  enforcements’  and  the  intelligence  communities’  abilities  to  work  cohesively  to  combat 
terrorism on a variety of fronts. The continuing and potential impact of the Patriot Act and related regulations and 
policies on financial institutions of all kinds is significant and wide ranging. The Patriot Act contains sweeping anti-
money laundering and financial transparency laws, and imposes various regulations, including standards for verifying 
client identification at account opening, and rules to promote cooperation among financial institutions, regulators and 
law enforcement entities in identifying parties that may be involved in terrorism or money laundering.  

Community Reinvestment Act.   The requirements of the Community Reinvestment Act are also applicable to the Bank. 
The act imposes on financial institutions an affirmative and ongoing obligation to meet the credit needs of their local 
communities, including low and moderate income neighborhoods, consistent with the safe and sound operation of 
those institutions. A financial institution’s efforts in meeting community needs currently are evaluated as part of the 
examination process pursuant to twelve assessment factors. These factors are also considered in evaluating mergers, 
acquisitions and applications to open a branch or facility. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1.  Business, continued 

Regulation and Supervision, continued  

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. The Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law on July 21, 
2010.  Its  wide-ranging  provisions  affect  all  federal  financial  regulatory  agencies  and  nearly  every  aspect  of  the 
American financial services industry. Among the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act that directly impact the Company 
is the creation of an independent Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), which has the ability to implement, 
examine and enforce complaints with federal consumer protection laws, which govern all financial institutions. For 
smaller financial institutions, such as the Company and the Bank, their primary regulators will continue to conduct its 
examination activities.  

The Dodd-Frank Act contains provisions designed to reform mortgage lending, which includes the requirement of 
additional disclosures for consumer mortgages. In addition, the Federal Reserve has issued new rules that have the 
effect of limiting the fees charged to merchants for debit card transactions. The result of these rules will be to limit 
the amount of interchange fee income available explicitly to larger banks and indirectly to us. The Dodd-Frank Act 
also contains provisions that affect corporate governance and executive compensation.  

Although  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  provisions  themselves  are  extensive,  the  ultimate  impact  on  the  Company  of  this 
massive legislation is unknown. The Act provides that several federal agencies, including the Federal Reserve and the 
Securities and Exchange Commission, shall issue regulations implementing major portions of the legislation, and this 
process is ongoing.  

Mortgage Lending. In 2013, the CFPB adopted a rule, effective in January 2014, to implement certain sections of the 
Dodd-Frank Act requiring creditors to make a reasonable, good faith determination of a consumer’s ability to repay 
any  closed-end  consumer  credit  transaction  secured  by  a  1-4  family  dwelling.    The  rule  also  establishes  certain 
protections  from  liability  under  this  requirement  to  ensure  a  borrower’s  ability  to  repay  for  loans  that  meet  the 
definition of “qualified mortgage.”  Loans that satisfy this “qualified mortgage” safe harbor will be presumed to have 
complied with the new ability-to-repay standard.   

Forward-Looking Statements 

Certain information contained in this report may include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 
27A  of  the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  as  amended,  and  Section  21E  of  the  Exchange  Act.    These  forward-looking 
statements are generally identified by phrases such as “we expect,” “we believe” or words of similar import. Such 
forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks including, but not limited to: 

• 

• 

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 
• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Changes in the quality or composition of our loan or investment portfolios, including adverse developments 
in borrower industries, declines in real estate values in our markets, or in the repayment ability of individual 
borrowers or issuers; 
The strength of the economy in our target market area, as well as general economic, market, or business 
conditions; 
An insufficient allowance for loan losses as a result of inaccurate assumptions; 
Our ability to maintain our “well-capitalized” regulatory status; 
Changes in the interest rates affecting our deposits and our loans; 
Changes in our competitive position, competitive actions by other financial institutions and the competitive 
nature  of  the  financial  services  industry  and  our  ability  to  compete  effectively  against  other  financial 
institutions in our banking markets; 
Our ability to manage growth; 
Our potential growth, including our entrance or expansion into new markets, the opportunities that may be 
presented to and pursued by us and the need for sufficient capital to support that growth; 
Our exposure to operational risk; 
Our ability to raise capital as needed by our business; 
Changes in laws, regulations and the policies of federal or state regulators and agencies; 
Other circumstances, many of which are beyond our control; and 
Other factors identified in “Risk Factors” below and in other reports the Company files with the SEC from 
time to time.  

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1.  Business, continued 

Forward-Looking Statements, continued 

Although we believe  that our  expectations with respect  to  the  forward-looking  statements  are based  upon  reliable 
assumptions within the bounds of our knowledge of our business and operations, there can be no assurance that our 
actual  results,  performance  or  achievements  will  not  differ  materially  from  any  future  results,  performance  or 
achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. 

Operating Revenue 

The following table displays components that contributed 15% or more of the Company’s total operating revenue for 
the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015: 

Period 

Class of Service 

Percentage of Total Revenues 

December 31, 2017 

Interest and fees on loans held for investment 

December 31, 2016 

Interest and fees on loans held for investment 

December 31, 2015 

Interest and fees on loans held for investment 

77.35% 

79.02% 

81.75% 

Executive Officers of the Company 

Dean W. Withers, 60, has served as CEO of the Company and Bank since March 1, 2018.  Prior to that he served as 
President/CEO of the Bank since May 2004; Executive Vice President of the Bank from Jan. 2003 to May 2004; 
Vice President of the Bank from 1993 to 2003.  As stated in the form 8-K/A filed in December 2017, Mr. Withers 
will continue as CEO of the Company and Bank for a transition period, no official retirement date has been set.  

Mark C. Hanna, 49, has served as President of the Bank since December 2017.  Prior to joining the Company, he 
served as Executive Vice President and Tidewater Regional President of EVB and its successor, Sonabank from 
November 2014 through October 2017.  Previously, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Virginia 
Company Bank from November 2006 through November 2014.  

Neil  W.  Hayslett,  56,  has  served  as  Executive  Vice  President  and  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  the  Bank  and  the 
Company since March 1, 2018, prior to that he served as Executive Vice President/Chief Administrative Officer of 
the Bank and the Company from June 2013 until March 2018 and Executive Vice President/Chief Financial Officer 
from November 2007 until June 2013. Prior to that time, he served as Senior Vice President/Chief Financial Officer 
of the Bank and the Company from January 2003 until November 2007 and served as Vice President/Chief Financial 
Officer from October 1996 to January 2003. 

Carrie A. Comer, 48, has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Bank and the Company 
since March 1, 2018, prior to that she served as Senior Vice President/Chief Financial Officer of the Company and 
Bank since June 2013. Ms. Comer served as Vice President/Controller of the Bank from March 2009 to June 2013. 
From December 2005 to March 2009, Ms. Comer served as Assistant Vice President/Controller of F&M Bank. 

Larry  A.  Caplinger,  65,  has  served  as  Executive  Vice  President  and  Chief  Projects  Officer  of  the  Bank  and  the 
Company since January 1, 2018.  Prior to that he served as Executive Vice President/Chief Lending Officer of the 
Bank and the Company since November 2007. Prior to that time, he served as Senior Vice President of the Bank from 
May 1990 until November 2007 and Senior Vice President of the Company from April 2002 until November 2007. 
Larry has held a number of positions with the Bank over his 45-year career with the Company.  

Stephanie E. Shillingburg, 56, has served as Executive Vice President/Chief Banking Officer of the Bank and the 
Company since July 2016, Executive Vice President/Chief Retail Officer from June 2013 until July 2016, Senior Vice 
President/Branch  Administrator  from  February  2005  until  June  2013.  She  also  served  as  Vice  President/Branch 
Administrator from March 2003 until February 2005 and as Branch Manager of the Edinburg Branch from February 
2001 until March 2003. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1.  Business, continued 

Executive Officers of the Company continued 

Edward Strunk, 61, has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer of the Bank and the Company 
since March 1, 2018.  Prior to that he serviced as Senior Vice President/Senior Lending Officer since July 2006, Senior 
Vice President/Commercial Loan Administrator from May 2011 until July 2016, Vice President/Commercial Loan 
Administrator from February 2011 until May 2011 and Vice Present/Business Development Officer III from May 
2007 until February 2011.  

Josh Hale, 41, has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Lending Officer of the Bank and the Company since 
March 1, 2018.  Prior to that he served as Senior Vice President/Business Development Leader since June 2013, Vice 
President/Commercial  Relationship  Manager  III  from  December  2010  until  June  2013,  Vice  President/Business 
Development Officer II from March 2009 until December 2010 and Assistant Vice President/Business Development 
Officer II from December 2004 until March 2009. 

Item 1A. Risk Factors 

General economic conditions in our market area could adversely affect us. 

We are affected by the general economic conditions in the local markets in which we operate. Conditions such as 
economic recession, falling home prices, rising foreclosures and other factors beyond our control could lead to, among 
other things, an increased level of commercial and consumer delinquencies.  If economic conditions in our market 
deteriorate, we could experience further adverse consequences, including a decline in demand for our products and 
services and an increase in problem assets, forecloses and loan losses.  Future economic conditions in our market will 
depend on factors outside of our control such as political and market conditions, broad trends in industry and finance, 
legislative and regulatory changes, changes in government, military and fiscal policies and inflation, any of which 
could negatively affect our performance and financial condition. 

Our allowance for loan losses may prove to be insufficient to absorb losses in the loan portfolio. 

Like all financial institutions, we maintain an allowance for loan losses to provide for loans that our borrowers may 
not repay in their entirety. We believe that we maintain an allowance for loan losses at a level adequate to absorb 
probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio.  Through a periodic review and consideration of the loan portfolio, 
management determines the amount of the allowance for loan losses by considering general market conditions, credit 
quality of the loan portfolio, the collateral supporting the loans and performance of customers relative to their financial 
obligations with us.  At December 31, 2017, our non-performing loans were $7.1 million, compared to $4.9 million 
at December 31, 2016.  Approximately $1.5 million of the increase is related to one relationship that is reviewed for 
impairment and a specific reserve of $249,000 has been recorded.  The Company did not record a provision for loan 
losses for the year ended December 31, 2017, and our loan loss allowance was $6.04 million, or .98% of total loans 
held for investment at December 31, 2017.  The Company anticipates that a provision for loan losses will be required 
in 2018 based on expected growth coupled with normalized five year historical charge-offs in the lookback period.  

The amount of future losses is susceptible to changes in economic, operating and other conditions, including changes 
in interest rates, which may be beyond our control, and these losses may exceed current estimates. Although we believe 
the allowance for loan losses is a reasonable estimate of known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio, it cannot fully 
predict such losses or that the loss allowance will be adequate in the future. While the risk of nonpayment is inherent 
in banking, we could experience greater nonpayment levels than we anticipate. In addition, we have loan participation 
arrangements with several other banks within the region and may not be able to exercise control of negotiations with 
borrowers in the event these loans do not perform. Additional problems with asset quality could cause our interest 
income and net interest margin to decrease and our provisions for loan losses to increase, which could adversely affect 
our results of operations and financial condition. 

Federal  and  state  regulators  periodically  review  our  allowance  for  loan  losses  and  may  require  us  to  increase  our 
provision  for  loan  losses  or  recognize  further  loan  charge-offs,  based  on  judgments  different  than  those  of 
management. Any increase in the amount of the provision or loans charged-off as required by these regulatory agencies 
could have a negative effect on our operating results. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
PART I, continued 

Item 1A. Risk Factors, continued 

Our loan concentrations could, as a result of adverse market conditions, increase credit losses which could 
adversely impact earnings. 

We  offer  a  variety  of  secured  loans,  including  commercial  lines  of  credit,  commercial  term  loans,  real  estate, 
construction, home equity, consumer and other loans. Many of our loans are secured by real estate (both residential 
and commercial) in our market area, which could result in adverse consequences to us in the event of a prolonged 
economic downturn in our market. As of December 31, 2017, approximately 80% of our loans had real estate as a 
primary or secondary component of collateral.  A significant decline in real estate values in our market would mean 
that the collateral for many of our loans would provide less security. As a result, we would be more likely to suffer 
losses on defaulted loans because our ability to fully recover on defaulted loans by selling the real estate collateral 
would be diminished. In addition, our consumer loans (such as automobile loans) are collateralized, if at all, with 
assets that may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the loan due to depreciation, damage or loss. 

In addition, we have a large portfolio of residential mortgages which could be adversely affected by a decline in the 
real estate markets.  Construction and development lending entails significant additional risks, because these loans, 
which  often  involve  larger  loan  balances  concentrated  with  single  borrowers  or  groups  of  related  borrowers,  are 
dependent on the successful completion of real estate projects.  Loan funds for construction and development loans 
often are advanced upon the security of the land or home under construction, which value is estimated prior to the 
completion of construction.  The deterioration of one or a few of these loans could cause a significant increase in the 
percentage of non-performing loans. An increase in non-performing loans could result in a loss of earnings from these 
loans, an increase in the provision for loan losses and an increase in charge-offs, all of which could have a material 
adverse effect on our financial condition. 

Our dealer finance division exposes us to increased credit risks. 

In 2012, the Bank began a loan production office which specializes in providing consumer installment loans to finance 
automobile purchases through a network of automobile dealers.  As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately $75 
million in loans outstanding in this portfolio.  We serve customers over a broad range of creditworthiness, and the 
required terms and rates are reflective of those risk profiles.  While these loans have higher yields than many of our 
other loans, such loans involve significant risks in addition to normal credit risk.  Potential risk elements associated 
with indirect lending include the limited personal contact with the borrower as a result of indirect lending through our 
network  of  dealers,  the  absence  of  assured  continued  employment  of  the  borrower,  the  varying  general 
creditworthiness of the borrower, changes in the local economy and difficulty in monitoring collateral.  While indirect 
automobile loans are secured, such loans are secured by depreciating assets and characterized by loan to value ratios 
that could result in us not recovering the full value of an outstanding loan upon default by the borrower.  Delinquencies, 
charge-offs  and  repossessions  of  vehicles  in  this  portfolio  are  always  concerns.    If  general  economic  conditions 
worsen, we may experience higher levels of delinquencies, repossessions and charge-offs. 

Our small-to-medium sized business target market may have fewer financial resources to weather continued 
downturn in the economy. 

We target our commercial development and marketing strategy primarily to serve the banking and financial services 
needs of small and medium sized businesses. These businesses generally have less capital or borrowing capacity than 
larger entities. If general economic conditions negatively impact this major economic sector in the markets in which 
we operate, our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected. 

9 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1A. Risk Factors, continued 

Our inability to maintain adequate sources of funding and liquidity may negatively impact our current 
financial condition or our ability to grow. 

Our access to funding and liquidity sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities on terms which are acceptable 
to us could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry or economy in general.  In 
managing our balance sheet, a primary source of funding asset growth and liquidity historically has been deposits, 
including both local customer deposits and brokered deposits.  If the level of deposits were to materially decrease, we 
would have to raise additional funds by increasing the interest that we pay on certificates of deposit or other depository 
accounts, seek other debt or equity financing, or draw upon our available lines of credit.  Our access to these funding 
and liquidity sources could be detrimentally impacted by a number of factors, including operating losses, rising levels 
of non-performing assets, a decrease in the level of our business activity as a result of a downturn in the markets in 
which our loans or deposits are concentrated or regulatory restrictions.  In addition, our ability to continue to attract 
deposits and other funding or liquidity sources is subject to variability based upon additional factors including volume 
and volatility in the securities markets and the relative interest rates that we are prepared to pay for these liabilities.  We 
do not maintain significant additional sources of liquidity through potential sales in our investment portfolio or liquid 
assets at the holding company level.  Our potential inability to maintain adequate sources of funding or liquidity may, 
among other things, inhibit our ability to fund asset growth or negatively impact our financial condition, including our 
ability to pay dividends or satisfy our obligations. 

If we do not maintain our capital requirements and our status as a “well-capitalized” bank, there could an 
adverse effect on our liquidity and our ability to fund our loan portfolio. 

We are subject to regulatory capital adequacy guidelines. If we fail to meet the capital adequacy guidelines for a “well-
capitalized” bank, it could increase the regulatory scrutiny for the Bank and the Company.  In addition, if we failed to 
be  “well  capitalized”  for  regulatory  capital  purposes,  we  would  not  be  able  to  renew  or  accept  brokered  deposits 
without prior regulatory approval and we would not be able to offer interest rates on our deposit accounts that are 
significantly higher than the average rates in our market area. As a result, it would be more difficult for us to attract 
new deposits as our existing brokered deposits mature and do not roll over and to retain or increase existing, non-
brokered deposits.  If we are prohibited from renewing or accepting brokered deposits and are unable to attract new 
deposits, our liquidity and our ability to fund our loan portfolio may be adversely affected.  In addition, we would be 
required to pay higher insurance premiums to the FDIC, which would reduce our earnings. 

We are subject to more stringent capital requirements as a result of the Basel III regulatory capital reforms 
and the Dodd-Frank Act which could adversely affect our results of operations and future growth. 

In 2013, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the OCC approved a new rule that substantially amends the regulatory 
risk-based  capital  rules  applicable  to  us.  The  final  rule  implements  the  “Basel  III”  regulatory  capital  reforms  and 
changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act.  The final rule includes new minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratios 
which were effective for us on January 1, 2015 and refines the definition of what constitutes “capital” for purposes of 
calculating these ratios. The new minimum capital requirements are: (i) a new common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) capital 
ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 to risk-based assets capital ratio of 6%, which is increased from 4%; (iii) a total capital ratio 
of  8%,  which  is  unchanged  from  the  previous  rules;  and  (iv)  a  Tier  1  leverage  ratio  of  4%.    The  final  rule  also 
establishes a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% above the new regulatory minimum capital ratios, and when fully 
effective in 2019, will result in the following minimum ratios: (a) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 7.0%; (b) a 
Tier 1 to risk-based assets capital ratio of 8.5%; and (c) a total capital ratio of 10.5%. The capital conservation buffer 
is being phased in from 0.00% for 2015 to 2.50% by 2019.  An institution will be subject to limitations on paying 
dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses if its capital level falls below the buffer 
amount. These limitations will establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that can be utilized for 
such activities.  In addition, the final rule provides for a number of new deductions from and adjustments to capital 
and prescribes a revised approach for risk weightings that could result in higher risk weights for a variety of asset 
categories. 

The application of these more stringent capital requirements for us could, among other things, result in lower returns 
on  equity,  require  the  raising  of  additional  capital,  adversely  affect  our  future  growth  opportunities,  and  result  in 
regulatory actions such as a prohibition on the payment of dividends or on the repurchase shares if we are unable to 
comply with such requirements. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1A. Risk Factors, continued 

Consumer financial protection laws and regulations could adversely impact our earnings due to, among other 
things, increased compliance costs or costs due to noncompliance. 

The  Dodd-Frank  Act  established  the  Consumer  Financial  Protection  Bureau  (“CFPD”)  with  broad  authority  to 
administer  a  new  federal  regulatory  framework  of  consumer  financial  regulation,  including  consumer  mortgage 
banking.  For example, the CFPB issued a rule, effective as of January 14, 2014, designed to clarify for lenders how 
they can avoid monetary damages under the Dodd-Frank Act, which would hold lenders accountable for ensuring a 
borrower’s ability to repay a mortgage. Loans that satisfy this “qualified mortgage” safe-harbor will be presumed to 
have  complied  with  the  new  ability-to-repay  standard.  Under  the  Consumer  Financial  Protection  Bureau’s  rule,  a 
“qualified mortgage” loan must not contain certain specified features, including but not limited to: 

• 

• 
• 
• 

excessive upfront points and fees (those exceeding 3% of the total loan amount, less “bona fide discount 
points” for prime loans); 
interest-only payments; 
negative-amortization; and 
terms longer than 30 years. 

Also, to qualify as a “qualified mortgage,” a borrower’s total monthly debt-to-income  ratio may not exceed 43%. 
Lenders must also verify and document the income and financial resources relied upon to qualify the borrower for the 
loan and underwrite the loan based on a fully amortizing payment schedule and maximum interest rate during the first 
five  years,  taking  into  account  all  applicable  taxes,  insurance  and  assessments.  The  CFPB’s  rule  on  qualified 
mortgages and other consumer financial protection laws could limit our ability or desire to make certain types of loans 
or loans to certain borrowers or could make it more expensive and/or time consuming to make these loans, which 
could adversely impact our growth or profitability. 

In addition, the CFPB has been directed to write rules identifying practices or acts that are unfair, deceptive or abusive 
in connection with any transaction with a consumer for a consumer financial product or service, or the offering of a 
consumer financial product or service, and has initiated enforcement actions against a variety of bank and non-bank 
market participants with respect to a number of consumer financial products and services. These enforcement actions 
may serve as precedent for how the CFPB and other regulatory agencies interpret and enforce consumer protection 
laws, including practices or acts that are deemed to be unfair, deceptive or abusive, with respect to all supervised 
institutions, which may result in the imposition of higher standards of compliance with such laws.  

Our future success is dependent on our ability to effectively compete in the face of substantial competition 
from other financial institutions in our primary markets. 

We encounter significant competition for deposits, loans and other financial services from banks and other financial 
institutions,  including  savings  and  loan  associations,  savings  banks,  finance  companies,  and  credit  unions  in  our 
market  area.  A  number  of  these  banks  and  other  financial  institutions  are  significantly  larger  than  us  and  have 
substantially greater access to capital and other resources, larger lending limits, more extensive branch systems, and 
may offer a wider array of banking services. To a limited extent, we compete with other providers of financial services, 
such  as  money  market  mutual  funds,  brokerage  firms,  consumer  finance  companies,  insurance  companies  and 
governmental organizations any of which may offer more favorable financing rates and terms than us. Many of these 
non-bank competitors are not subject to the same extensive regulations that govern us. As a result, these non-bank 
competitors may have advantages in providing certain services. This competition may reduce or limit our margins and 
our market share and may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. 

11 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
PART I, continued 

Item 1A. Risk Factors, continued 

Our exposure to operational risk may adversely affect us. 

Similar to other financial institutions, we are exposed to many types of operational risk, including reputational risk, 
legal and compliance risk, the risk of fraud or theft by employees or outsiders, unauthorized transactions by employees 
or operational errors, including clerical or record-keeping errors or those resulting from faulty or disabled computer 
or telecommunications systems. 

Reputational risk, or the risk to our earnings and capital from negative public opinion, could result from our actual 
alleged conduct in any number of activities, including lending practices, corporate governance, regulatory compliance 
or the occurrence of any of the events or instances mentioned below, or from actions taken by government regulators 
or community organizations in response to that conduct.  Negative public opinion could also result from adverse news 
or publicity that impairs the reputation of the financial services industry generally. 

Further, if any of our financial, accounting, or other data processing systems fail or have other significant shortcomings, 
we could be adversely affected. We depend on internal systems and outsourced technology to support these data storage 
and  processing  operations.  Our  inability  to  use  or  access  these  information  systems  at  critical  points  in  time  could 
unfavorably impact the timeliness and efficiency of our business operations. We could be adversely affected if one of 
our  employees  causes  a  significant  operational  break-down  or  failure,  either  as  a  result  of  human  error  or  where  an 
individual purposefully sabotages or fraudulently manipulates our operations or systems.  We are also at risk of the impact 
of natural disasters, terrorism and international hostilities on our systems or for the effects of outages or other failures 
involving power or communications systems operated by others. 

Misconduct by employees could include fraudulent, improper or unauthorized activities on behalf of clients or improper 
use of confidential information. We may not be able to prevent employee errors or misconduct, and the precautions we 
take to detect this type of activity might not be effective in all cases. Employee errors or misconduct could subject us to 
civil claims for negligence or regulatory enforcement actions, including fines and restrictions on our business. 

In  addition,  there  have  been  instances  where  financial  institutions  have  been  victims  of  fraudulent  activity  in  which 
criminals pose as customers to initiate wire and automated clearinghouse transactions out of customer accounts. Although 
we have policies and procedures in place to verify the authenticity of our customers, we cannot assure that such policies 
and  procedures  will  prevent  all  fraudulent  transfers.  Such  activity  can  result  in  financial  liability  and  harm  to  our 
reputation. 

If any of the foregoing risks materialize, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition 
and results of operations.  

Changes in market interest rates could affect our cash flows and our ability to successfully manage our 
interest rate risk. 

Our profitability and financial condition depend to a great extent on our ability to manage the net interest margin, which 
is the difference between the interest income earned on loans and investments and the interest expense paid for deposits 
and borrowings. The amounts of interest income and interest expense are principally driven by two factors; the market 
levels of interest rates, and the volumes of earning assets or interest bearing liabilities. The management of the net interest 
margin is accomplished by our Asset Liability Committee. Short term interest rates are highly sensitive to factors beyond 
our control and are effectively set and managed by the Federal Reserve, while longer term rates are generally determined 
by the market based on investors’ inflationary expectations. Thus, changes in monetary and or fiscal policy will affect 
both short term and long term interest rates which in turn will influence the origination of loans, the prepayment speed 
of loans, the purchase of investments, the generation of deposits and the rates received on loans and investment securities 
and paid on deposits or other sources of funding. The impact of these changes may be magnified if we do not effectively 
manage the relative sensitivity of our earning assets and interest bearing liabilities to changes in market interest rates. We 
generally attempt to maintain a neutral position in terms of the volume of earning assets and interest bearing liabilities 
that mature or can re-price within a one year period in order that we may maintain the maximum net interest margin; 
however, interest rate fluctuations, loan prepayments, loan production and deposit flows are constantly changing and 
greatly influence this ability to maintain a neutral position. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
PART I, continued 

Item 1A. Risk Factors, continued 

Generally, our earnings will be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates the greater the difference between the 
volume of earning assets and interest bearing liabilities that mature or are subject to re-pricing in any period. The 
extent and duration of this sensitivity will depend on the cumulative difference over time, the velocity and direction 
of interest rate changes, and whether we are more asset sensitive or liability sensitive. Additionally, the Asset Liability 
Committee may desire to move our position to more asset sensitive or more liability sensitive depending upon their 
expectation of the direction and velocity of future changes in interest rates in an effort to maximize the net interest 
margin.  Should  we  not  be  successful  in  maintaining  the  desired  position,  or  should  interest  rates  not  move  as 
anticipated, our net interest margin may be negatively impacted.    

Our inability to successfully manage growth or implement our growth strategy may adversely affect our 
results of operations and financial condition. 

We may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategy if we are unable to identify attractive markets, 
locations or opportunities to expand in the future.  Our ability to manage growth successfully also depends on whether 
we can maintain capital levels adequate to support our growth, maintain cost controls, asset quality and successfully 
integrate any businesses acquired into the organization. 

As we continue to implement our growth strategy, we may incur increased personnel, occupancy and other operating 
expenses. We must absorb those higher expenses while we begin to generate new deposits, and there is a further time 
lag involved in redeploying new deposits into attractively priced loans and other higher yielding earning assets. Thus, 
our plans to branch could depress earnings in the short run, even if we efficiently execute a branching strategy leading 
to long-term financial benefits. 

Our operations rely on certain external vendors. 

We are reliant upon certain external vendors to provide products and services necessary to maintain our day-to-day 
operations. Accordingly, our operations are exposed to risk that these vendors will not perform in accordance with the 
contracted arrangements under service agreements. Although we maintain a system of comprehensive policies and a 
control framework designed to monitor vendor risks, the failure of an external vendor to perform in accordance with 
the  contracted  arrangements  under  service  agreements  could  be  disruptive  to  our  operations,  which  could  have  a 
material adverse impact on our business and, in turn, our financial condition and results of operations. 

Our operations may be adversely affected by cyber security risks. 

In the ordinary course of business, we collect and store sensitive data, including proprietary business information and 
personally identifiable information of its customers and employees in systems and on networks. The secure processing, 
maintenance  and  use  of  this  information  is  critical  to  operations  and  our  business  strategy.  We  have  invested  in 
accepted technologies and review processes and practices that are designed to protect our networks, computers and 
data from damage or unauthorized access. Despite these security measures, our computer systems and infrastructure 
may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached due to employee error, malfeasance or other disruptions. A breach 
of any kind could compromise systems and the information stored there could be accessed, damaged or disclosed. A 
breach  in  security  could  result  in  legal  claims,  regulatory  penalties,  disruption  in  operations,  and  damage  to  our 
reputation, which could adversely affect our business. 

Legislative or regulatory changes or actions, or significant litigation, could adversely impact us or the 
businesses in which we are engaged. 

We are subject to extensive state and federal regulation, supervision and legislation that govern almost all aspects of 
our operations. Laws and regulations may change from time to time and are primarily intended for the protection of 
consumers, depositors and the deposit insurance funds. The impact of any changes to laws and regulations or other 
actions  by  regulatory  agencies  may  negatively  impact  us  or  our  ability  to  increase  the  value  of  our  business. 
Additionally, actions by regulatory agencies or significant litigation against us could cause us to devote significant 
time and resources to defending ourselves and may lead to penalties that materially affect us. Future changes in the 
laws or regulations or their interpretations or enforcement could be materially adverse us and our shareholders. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1A. Risk Factors, continued 

Changes in accounting standards could impact reported earnings. 

The  accounting  standard  setters,  including  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (FASB),  SEC  and  other 
regulatory bodies, periodically change the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of 
our consolidated financial statements. These changes can be difficult to predict and can materially impact how we 
record and report our financial condition and results of operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new 
or revised standard retroactively, resulting in the restatement of prior period financial statements. 

Consumers may decide not to use banks to complete their financial transactions.     

Technology and other changes are allowing parties to complete financial transactions through alternative methods that 
historically  have  involved  banks.  The  activity  and  prominence  of  so-called  marketplace  lenders  and  other 
technological  financial  service  companies  have  grown  significantly  over  recent  years  and  is  expected  to  continue 
growing.  In addition, consumers can now maintain funds that would have historically been held as bank deposits in 
brokerage  accounts,  mutual  funds  or  general-purpose  reloadable  prepaid  cards.  Consumers  can  also  complete 
transactions, such as paying bills and/or transferring funds directly without the assistance of banks. If we are unable 
to  address  the  competitive  pressures  that  we  face,  we  could  lose  market  share,  which  could  result  in  reduced  net 
revenue and profitability and lower returns, as well as the loss of customer deposits. The loss of these revenue streams 
and the lower cost of deposits as a source of funds could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and 
results of operations. 

Failure to keep pace with technological change could adversely affect our business.     

The financial services industry is continually undergoing rapid technological change with frequent introductions of 
new  technology-driven  products  and  services.  The  effective  use  of  technology  increases  efficiency  and  enables 
financial institutions to better serve customers and to reduce costs. Our future success depends, in part, upon our ability 
to address the needs of our customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer 
demands, as well as to create additional efficiencies in our operations. Many of our competitors have substantially 
greater  resources  to  invest  in  technological  improvements.  We  may  not  be  able  to  effectively  implement  new 
technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products and services to our customers. 
Failure  to successfully keep pace with  technological  change  affecting  the  financial  services  industry could have  a 
material adverse impact on our business and, in turn, our financial condition and results of operations. 

The  full  impact  of  changes  to  federal  tax  laws  is  uncertain  and  may  negatively  impact  our  financial 
performance.  

We are subject to changes in tax law that could increase our effective tax rates. These law changes may be retroactive 
to previous periods and, as a result, could negatively affect our current and future financial performance.  

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the full impact of which is subject to further evaluation and analysis, is likely to have both 
positive and negative effects on our financial performance. For example, the new legislation will result in a reduction 
in our federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning in 2018, which is expected to have a favorable impact 
on  our  earnings  and  capital  generation  abilities.  However,  the  new  legislation  also  enacted  limitations  on  certain 
deductions, such as the deduction of FDIC deposit insurance premiums, which will partially offset the anticipated 
increase in net earnings from the lower tax rate. In addition, as a result of the lower corporate tax rate, we were required 
under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) to record a tax expense due to remeasurement in the fourth 
quarter of 2017 with respect to our deferred tax assets amounting to $811,000. Further, the full impact of the Tax Act 
may differ from the foregoing and from our expectations, possibly materially, due to changes in interpretations or in 
assumptions that we have made or that we make in 2018, guidance or regulations that may be promulgated, and other 
actions that we may take as a result of the Tax Act.  

Similarly, the Bank’s customers are likely to experience varying effects from both the individual and business tax 
provisions  of  the  Tax  Act.    For  example,  changes  to  tax  deductibility  of  business  interest  expense  could  impact 
business customer borrowing.  Such effects, whether positive or negative, may have a corresponding impact on our 
business and the economy as a whole. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I, continued 

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments 
The Company does not have any unresolved staff comments to report for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

Item 2.  Properties 

The locations of F & M Bank Corp. and its subsidiaries are shown below. 
Corporate Offices                                          Timberville Branch  
205 South Main Street                               165 New Market Road 
Timberville, VA 22853                               Timberville, VA 22853 

                           Elkton Branch 
                    127 West Rockingham Street 
                              Elkton, VA 22827 

Broadway Branch 
126 Timberway 
Broadway, VA  22815 

Bridgewater Branch 
100 Plaza Drive 
Bridgewater, VA  22812 

Woodstock Branch 
161 South Main Street 
Woodstock, VA 22664 

Luray Branch 
700 East Main Street 
Luray, VA 22835 

Myers Corner Branch 
30 Gosnell Crossing 
Staunton, VA 24401 

Craigsville Branch 
125 W. Craig Street 
Craigsville, VA 24430 

Coffman’s Corner Branch 
2030 Legacy Lane 
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 

Edinburg Branch 
120 South Main Street 
Edinburg, VA 22824 

Crossroads Branch 
80 Cross Keys Road 
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 

Dealer Finance Division 
4759 Spotswood Trail 
Penn Laird, VA 22846 

North Augusta Branch 
2813 North Augusta Street 
Staunton, VA 22401 

Grottoes Branch 
200 Augusta Avenue 
Grottoes, VA 24441 

With the exception of the Edinburg Branch, Luray Branch, Dealer Finance Division, and the North Augusta Branch, the 
remaining facilities are owned by Farmers & Merchants Bank. ATMs are available at all branch locations. 

Through an agreement with FCTI, Inc., the Bank also operates cash only ATMs at five Food Lion grocery stores, one in 
Mt. Jackson, VA and four in Harrisonburg, VA.  The Bank has an agreement with CardTronics ATM to operate twelve 
cash  only  ATMs  in  various  Rite  Aid  Pharmacies,  CVS  Pharmacies  and  Target  Stores  in  Rockingham  and  Augusta 
Counties of VA.  The Bank also has an agreement with ATM USA to operate ATMs in various locations in our market 
area.  

VBS’ offices are located at: 
Harrisonburg Office                   Fishersville Office                                           Woodstock Office 
2040 Deyerle Avenue                  1842 Jefferson Hwy 
Suite 107                                       Fishersville, VA 22939 
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 

161 South Main Street 
Woodstock, VA 22664 

VS Title’s offices are located at: 
Harrisonburg Office                  Fishersville Office                                            Charlottesville Office 
410 Neff Avenue                         1707 Jefferson Highway                                  154 Hansen Rd., Suite 202-C 
Harrisonburg, VA 22801           Fishersville, VA 22939                                       Charlottesville, VA 22911 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings 
In the normal course of business, the Company may become involved in litigation arising from banking, financial, or 
other  activities  of  the  Company.  Management  after  consultation  with  legal  counsel,  does  not  anticipate  that  the 
ultimate liability, if any, arising out of these matters will have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, 
operating results or liquidity.

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures 

None. 

PART II 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities 

Stock Listing 
The Company’s Common Stock is quoted under the symbol “FMBM” on the OTCQX Market. The bid and ask price is 
quoted at www.OTCMARKETS.com/Stock/FMBM/quote.  With its inclusion on the OTCQX Markets, there are now 
several active market makers for FMBM stock.  

Transfer Agent and Registrar 
Broadridge Financial Solutions 
2 Journal Plaza Square, 7th Floor 
Jersey City, NJ 07306 

Stock Performance 
The following graph compares the cumulative total return to the shareholders of the Company for the last five fiscal years 
with the total return of the Russell 2000 Index and the SNL Bank Index, as reported by SNL Financial, LC, assuming an 
investment of $100 in the Company’s common stock on December 31, 2012, and the reinvestment of dividends. 

Index
F & M Bank Corp.
Russell 2000 Index
SNL Bank Index

                                              Period Ending 

12/31/12
100.00
100.00
100.00

12/31/13
126.23
138.82
137.30

12/31/14
138.04
145.62
153.48

12/31/15
166.31
139.19
156.10

12/31/16
197.11
168.85
197.23

12/31/17
258.36
193.58
232.91

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities, continued 

Recent Stock Prices and Dividends 

Dividends to common shareholders totaled $2,972,000 and $2,628,000 in 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Preferred stock 
dividends were $415,000 and $487,000 in 2017 and 2016, respectively.   Regular quarterly dividends have been declared 
for at least 25 years. The payment of dividends depends on the earnings of the Company and its subsidiaries, the financial 
condition  of  the  Company  and  other  factors  including  capital  adequacy,  regulatory  requirements,  general  economic 
conditions  and  shareholder  returns.  The  ratio  of  dividends  per  common share  to  net  income  per  common  share  was 
35.67% in 2017, compared to 28.88% in 2016.  

Refer to Payment of Dividends in Item 1.  Business, Regulation and Supervision section above for a summary of 
applicable restrictions on the Company’s ability to pay dividends.  

Stock Repurchases 

As previously reported, on September 18, 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an increase in the number 
of shares of common stock that the Company can repurchase under the share repurchase program from 150,000 to 
200,000  shares. On  October 20, 2016,  the Company’s  Board  of Directors  approved  a plan  to  repurchase up  to  an 
additional 150,000 shares of common stock. Shares repurchased through the end of 2017 totaled 221,976 shares; of 
this amount, 21,984 were repurchased in 2017 at an average price of $32.39 per share. 

The  number  of  common  shareholders  was  approximately  2,104  as  of  March  9,  2018.  This  amount  includes  all 
shareholders, whether titled individually or held by a brokerage firm or custodian in street name. 

Quarterly Stock Information 

These  quotes  include  the  terms  of  trades  transacted  through  a  broker.  The  terms  of  exchanges  occurring  between 
individual parties may not be known to the Company. 

2017 

Stock Price Range 

Quarter 

Low 

High 

1st 
2nd 
3rd 
4th 

Total 

$            26.50 
27.50 
29.20 
30.02 

$            28.45 
29.35 
32.00 
34.50 

2016 

Stock Price Range 

Low 

High 

$                 21.75 
23.02 
23.50 
24.82 

$            23.55 
25.00 
26.25 
27.00 

Per Share 
Dividends 
Declared 

$             .22 
.23 
.24    
.25 
.94 

$       

Per Share 
Dividends 
Declared 

$             .19 
.19 
.20    
.22 
.80 

$       

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 6.  Selected Financial Data 

Five Year Summary of Selected Financial Data 

(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data) 
Income Statement Data: 
Interest and Dividend Income 
Interest Expense 
Net Interest Income 
Provision for Loan Losses 
Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses 
Noninterest Income6 
Low income housing partnership losses 
Noninterest Expenses6 
Income before income taxes 
Income Tax Expense 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 
Net Income attributable to F & M Bank Corp. 
Per Common Share Data: 
Net Income – basic 
Net Income - diluted 
Dividends Declared 
Book Value per Common Share 
Balance Sheet Data: 
Assets 
Loans Held for Investment 
Loans Held for Sale 
Securities 
Deposits 
Short-Term Debt 
Long-Term Debt 
Stockholders’ Equity 
Average Common Shares Outstanding – basic 
Average Common Shares Outstanding – diluted 
Financial Ratios: 
Return on Average Assets1 
Return on Average Equity1 
Net Interest Margin 
Efficiency Ratio 2 
Dividend Payout Ratio - Common 
Capital and Credit Quality Ratios: 
Average Equity to Average Assets1 
Allowance for Loan Losses to Loans3 
Nonperforming Loans to Total Assets4 
Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets5 
Net Charge-offs to Total Loans3 
1  Ratios are primarily based on daily average balances. 
2 

2017 

20166 

20156 

2014 

2013 

$      34,095 
           3,897 
30,198 
                   - 
30,198 
8,517 
(625) 
         24,719 
13,371 
           4,330 
            (31) 
$         9,010 

$      32,150 
           3,599 
28,551 
                   - 
28,551 
6,313 
(731) 
         21,272 
12,861 
           3,099 
            (194) 
$         9,568 

$      29,404 
           2,876 
26,528 
              300 
26,228 
5,412 
(619) 
         19,554 
11,467 
           2,886 
            (164) 
$         8,417 

$      26,772 
           3,648 
23,124 
           2,250 
20,874 
3,530 
(608) 
         15,656 
8,140 
           2,293 
              (45) 
$         5,802 

$      25,966 
           4,773 
21,193 
           3,775 
17,418 
4,032 
(856) 
         14,720 
5,874 
           1,051 
            (107) 
$         4,716 

$           2.63 
$           2.48 
.94 
25.73 

$           2.77 
$           2.57 
.80 
24.18 

$           2.40 
$           2.25 
.73 
22.38 

$           1.82 
$           1.80 
.68 
20.77 

$           1.88 
$           1.88 
.68 
21.56 

$    753,270 
616,974 
39,775 
41,243 
569,177 
25,296 
49,733 
91,275 
3,270 
3,632 

$    744,889 
591,636 
62,735 
39,475 
537,085 
40,000 
64,237 
86,682 
3,282 
3,717 

$    665,357 
544,053 
57,806 
25,329 
494,670 
24,954 
48,161 
82,950 
3,291 
3,735 

$    605,308 
518,202 
13,382 
22,305 
491,505 
14,358 
9,875 
77,798 
3,119 
3,230 

$    552,788 
478,453 
3,804 
38,486 
464,149 
3,423 
21,691 
54,141 
2,504 
2,504 

          1.21% 
10.01% 
4.53% 
63.54% 
35.74% 

          1.34% 
11.18% 
4.34% 
60.78% 
28.88% 

          1.31% 
10.46% 
4.43% 
60.97% 
30.42% 

          1.00% 
8.65% 
4.30% 
58.51% 
37.36% 

12.10% 
.98% 
.94% 
1.21% 
.24% 

11.97% 
1.27% 
.65% 
.94% 
.21% 

12.49% 
1.61% 
.98% 
1.34% 
.04% 

11.59% 
1.68% 
1.15% 
1.73% 
.33% 

.82% 
9.11% 
4.02% 
58.15% 
36.17% 

9.00% 
1.71% 
2.28% 
2.75% 
.78% 

The Efficiency Ratio equals noninterest expenses divided by the sum of tax equivalent net interest income and   
noninterest income.  Noninterest income excludes gains (losses) on securities transactions and LIH Partnership 
losses.    Ratio  for  2017,  2016  and  2015  reflects  reclassification  of  VBS  and  VST  (2017  only)  to  report  gross 
income/expense rather than net.  

3  Calculated based on Loans Held for Investment, excludes Loans Held for Sale. 
4  Calculated based on 90 day past due and non-accrual to Total Assets.  
5  Calculated based on 90 day past due, non-accrual and OREO to Total Assets 
6   Data reflects reclassification of VBS (2017, 2016, 2015) and VST (2017) to report gross income/expense rather 

than net 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

The following discussion provides information about the major components of the results of operations and financial 
condition,  liquidity  and  capital  resources  of  F  &  M  Bank  Corp.  and  its  subsidiaries.  This  discussion  and  analysis 
should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Information, of this Form 10-K. 

Lending Activities 

Credit Policies  
The  principal  risk  associated  with  each  of  the  categories  of  loans  in  our  portfolio  is  the  creditworthiness  of  our 
borrowers. Within each category, such risk is increased or decreased, depending on prevailing economic conditions. 
In an effort to manage the risk, our loan policy gives loan amount approval limits to individual loan officers based on 
their position and level of experience and to our loan committees based on the size of the lending relationship. The 
risk associated with real estate and construction loans, commercial loans and consumer loans varies, based on market 
employment levels, consumer confidence, fluctuations in the value of real estate and other conditions that affect the 
ability of borrowers to repay indebtedness. The risk associated with real estate construction loans varies, based on the 
supply and demand for the type of real estate under construction.  

We have written policies and procedures to help manage credit risk. We have a loan review policy that includes regular 
portfolio reviews to establish loss exposure and to ascertain compliance with our loan policy.  

We  use  a  management  loan  committee  and  a  directors’  loan  committee  to  approve  loans.  The  management  loan 
committee is comprised of members of senior management, and the directors’ loan committee is comprised of any six 
directors.  Both  committees  approve new, renewed  and or  modified  loans  that  exceed officer  loan authorities.  The 
directors’ loan committee also reviews any changes to our lending policies, which are then approved by our board of 
directors.  

Construction and Development Lending 

We make construction loans, primarily residential, and land acquisition and development loans. The construction loans 
are secured by residential houses under construction and the underlying land for which the loan was obtained. The 
average life of a construction loan is approximately 12 months, and it is typically re-priced as the prime rate of interest 
changes. The majority of the interest rates charged on these loans float with the market. Construction lending entails 
significant additional risks, compared with residential mortgage lending. Construction loans often involve larger loan 
balances concentrated with single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. Another risk involved in construction 
lending is attributable to the fact that loan funds are advanced upon the security of the land or home under construction, 
which value is estimated prior to the completion of construction. Thus, it is more difficult to evaluate accurately the 
total loan funds required to complete a project and related loan-to-value ratios. To mitigate the risks associated with 
construction lending, we generally limit loan amounts to 75% to 90% of appraised value, in addition to analyzing the 
creditworthiness of our borrowers. We also obtain a first lien on the property as security for our construction loans 
and typically require personal guarantees from the borrower’s principal owners.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Commercial Real Estate Lending  

Commercial real estate loans are secured by various types of commercial real estate in our market area, including 
multi-family residential buildings, commercial buildings and offices, shopping centers and churches. Commercial real 
estate lending entails significant additional risks, compared with residential mortgage lending. Commercial real estate 
loans  typically  involve  larger  loan  balances  concentrated  with  single  borrowers  or  groups  of  related  borrowers. 
Additionally, the payment experience on loans secured by income producing properties is typically dependent on the 
successful operation  of  a business or  a  real  estate  project and  thus  may  be  subject,  to a  greater  extent,  to  adverse 
conditions in the real estate market or in the economy in general. Our commercial real estate loan underwriting criteria 
require an examination of debt service coverage ratios and the borrower’s creditworthiness, prior credit history and 
reputation.  We  also  evaluate  the  location  of  the  security  property  and  typically  require  personal  guarantees  or 
endorsements of the borrower’s principal owners.  

Business Lending  

Business  loans  generally  have  a  higher  degree  of  risk  than  residential  mortgage  loans  but  have  higher  yields.  To 
manage these risks, we generally obtain appropriate collateral and personal guarantees from the borrower’s principal 
owners and monitor the financial condition of our business borrowers. Residential mortgage loans generally are made 
on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from employment and other income and are secured by real 
estate whose value tends to be readily ascertainable. In contrast, business loans typically are made on the basis of the 
borrower’s ability to make repayment from cash flow from its business and are secured by business assets, such as 
real estate, accounts receivable, equipment and inventory. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of 
business loans is substantially dependent on the success of the business itself. Furthermore, the collateral for business 
loans may depreciate over time and generally cannot be appraised with as much precision as residential real estate.  

Consumer Lending  

We  offer  various  consumer  loans,  including  personal  loans  and  lines  of  credit,  automobile  loans,  deposit  account 
loans, installment and demand loans, and home equity lines of credit and loans. Such loans are generally made to 
clients  with  whom  we  have  a  pre-existing  relationship.  We  currently  originate  all  of  our  consumer  loans  in  our 
geographic market area.  

The underwriting standards employed by us for consumer loans include a determination of the applicant’s payment 
history on other debts and an assessment of their ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed 
loan. The stability of the applicant’s monthly income may be determined by verification of gross monthly income 
from primary employment and additionally from any verifiable secondary income. Although creditworthiness of the 
applicant is of primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes an analysis of the value of the security 
in relation to the proposed loan amount. For home equity lines of credit and loans we require title insurance, hazard 
insurance and, if required, flood insurance.  

Residential Mortgage Lending  

The Bank makes residential mortgage loans for the purchase or refinance of existing loans with loan to value limits 
ranging between 80 and 90% depending on the age of the property, borrower’s income and credit worthiness. Loans 
that are retained in our portfolio generally carry adjustable rates that can change every three to five years, based on 
amortization periods of twenty to thirty years.  

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Loans Held for Sale 

The Bank makes fixed rate mortgage loans with terms of typically fifteen or thirty years through its subsidiary VBS 
Mortgage.  These loans are funded by VBS utilizing a line of credit at the Bank until sold to investors in the secondary 
market.  Similarly, the Bank also has a relationship with Northpointe Bank in Grand Rapids, MI whereby it purchases 
fixed rate conforming 1-4 family mortgage loans for short periods of time pending those loans being sold to investors 
in the secondary market.  These loans have an average duration of ten days to two weeks, but occasionally remain on 
the Bank’s books for up to 60 days.  The Bank began its relationship with Northpointe Bank in 2014 and had a similar 
program with a prior bank since 2003.  This relationship allows the Bank to achieve a higher rate of return than is 
available on other short term investment opportunities. 

Dealer Finance Division 

In  September  2012,  the  Bank  started  a  loan  production  office  in  Penn  Laird,  VA  which  specializes  in  providing 
automobile financing through a network of automobile dealers. The Dealer Finance Division was originally staffed 
with three officers that have extensive experience in Dealer Finance. Based on the strong growth of this division the 
staff has been increased to six employees.  This office is serving the automobile finance needs for customers of dealers 
throughout  the  existing  geographic  footprint  of  the  Bank.  Approximately  fifty  dealers  have  signed  contracts  to 
originate loans on behalf of the Bank.  As of year end 2017, the division had total loans outstanding of $75.2 million.  

Critical Accounting Policies  

General 

The Company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America (“GAAP”). The financial information contained within the statements is, to a significant 
extent, financial information that is based on measures of the financial effects of transactions and events that have 
already  occurred.  The  Company’s  financial  position  and  results  of  operations  are  affected  by  management’s 
application of accounting policies,  including  estimates,  assumptions  and  judgments  made  to  arrive  at  the  carrying 
value  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  amounts  reported  for  revenues,  expenses  and  related  disclosures.  Different 
assumptions  in  the  application  of  these  policies  could  result  in  material  changes  in  the  Company’s  consolidated 
financial position and/or results of operations. 

In  addition,  GAAP  itself  may  change  from  one  previously  acceptable  method  to  another  method.  Although  the 
economics of these transactions would be the same, the timing of events that would impact these transactions could 
change.  Following  is  a  summary  of  the  Company’s  significant  accounting  policies  that  are  highly  dependent  on 
estimates, assumptions and judgments. 

Allowance for Loan Losses  

The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of the losses that may be sustained in the loan portfolio. The allowance 
is based on two basic principles of accounting: (i) ASC 450 (formerly SFAS No. 5) “Contingencies”, which requires 
that losses be accrued when they are probable of occurring and estimable and (ii) ASC 310 (formerly SFAS No. 114), 
“Receivables”, which requires that losses be accrued based on the differences between the value of collateral, present 
value of future cash flows or values that are observable in the secondary market and the loan balance.  The Company’s 
allowance  for  loan  losses  is  the  accumulation  of  various  components  that  are  calculated  based  on  independent 
methodologies.  All components of the allowance represent an estimation performed pursuant to either ASC 450 or 
ASC 310.  Management’s estimate of each ASC 450 component is based on certain observable data that management 
believes are most reflective of the underlying credit losses being estimated.  This evaluation includes credit quality 
trends;  collateral  values;  loan  volumes;  geographic,  borrower  and  industry  concentrations;  seasoning  of  the  loan 
portfolio; the findings of internal credit quality assessments and results from external bank regulatory examinations.  
These  factors,  as  well  as  historical  losses  and  current  economic  and  business  conditions,  are  used  in  developing 
estimated loss factors used in the calculations. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, continued 

Allowance for Loan Losses, continued 

Allowances  for  loans  are  determined  by  applying  estimated  loss  factors  to  the  portfolio  based  on  management’s 
evaluation and “risk grading” of the loan portfolio.  Specific allowances are typically provided on all impaired loans in 
excess of a defined loan size threshold that are classified in the Substandard or Doubtful risk grades.  The specific reserves 
are determined on a loan-by-loan basis based on management’s evaluation of the Company’s exposure for each credit, 
given the current payment status of the loan and the value of any underlying collateral. 

While  management  uses  the  best  information  available  to  establish  the  allowance  for  loan  and  lease  losses,  future 
adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in 
making  the  valuations  or,  if  required  by  regulators,  based  upon  information  available  to  them  at  the  time  of  their 
examinations.  Such adjustments to original estimates, as necessary, are made in the period in which these factors and 
other relevant considerations indicate that loss levels may vary from previous estimates. 

Goodwill and Intangibles 

In  June  2001,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  issued  ASC  805,  Business  Combinations  and  ASC  350, 
Intangibles.  The provisions of ASC 350 discontinue the amortization of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite 
lives.  Instead, these assets are subject to an annual impairment review and more frequently if certain impairment 
indicators  are  in  evidence.    ASC  350  also  requires  that  reporting  units  be  identified  for  the  purpose  of  assessing 
potential future impairments of goodwill.  

The Company adopted ASC 350 on January 1, 2002. Goodwill totaled $2,639,000 at January 1, 2002.  As of December 
31, 2008, the Company recognized $31,000 in additional goodwill related to the purchase of 70% ownership in VBS 
Mortgage.  In 2017 the Company recognized $211,000 in goodwill and $285,000 in intangibles related to the purchase 
of 76% ownership in VST.  The goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually. Based on this 
testing, there were no impairment charges for 2017, 2016 or 2015.  The Intangibles related to the VST purchase are 
amortized over periods up to 15 years with $53,000 recorded in 2017. 

Income Tax 

The determination of income taxes represents results in income and expense being recognized in different periods for 
financial reporting purposes versus for the purpose of computing income taxes currently payable.  Deferred taxes are 
provided on such temporary differences and are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable 
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be realized or settled.  Further, the Company 
seeks strategies that minimize the tax effect of implementing its business strategies.  Management makes judgments 
regarding the ultimate consequence of long-term tax planning strategies, including the likelihood of future recognition 
of deferred tax benefits.  As a result, it is considered a significant estimate.   

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, continued 

Fair Value 

The estimate of fair value involves the use of (1) quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets, (2) 
quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets 
that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques using significant assumptions that are observable in the 
market or (3) model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. When observable 
market  prices  and  parameters  are  not  fully  available,  management’s  judgment  is  necessary  to  arrive  at  fair  value 
including estimates of current market participant expectations of future cash flows, risk premiums, among other things. 
Additionally, significant judgment may be required to determine whether certain assets measured at fair value are 
classified within the fair value hierarchy as Level 2 or Level 3. The estimation process and the potential materiality of 
the amounts involved result in this item being identified as critical. 

Pension Plan Accounting 

The accounting guidance for the measurement and recognition of obligations and expense related to pension plans 
generally  applies  the  concept  that  the  cost  of  benefits  provided  during  retirement  should  be  recognized  over  the 
employees’ active working life. Inherent in this concept is the requirement to use various actuarial assumptions to 
predict and measure costs and obligations many years prior to the settlement date. Major actuarial assumptions that 
require significant management judgment and have a material impact on the measurement of benefits expense and 
accumulated  obligation  include  discount  rates,  expected  return  on  assets,  mortality  rates,  and  projected  salary 
increases,  among  others.  Changes  in  assumptions  or  judgments  related  to  any  of  these  variables  could  result  in 
significant volatility in the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. As a result, accounting for the 
Company’s  pension  expense  and  obligation  is  considered  a  significant  estimate.  The  estimation  process  and  the 
potential materiality of the amounts involved result in this item being identified as critical. 

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO) 

OREO is held for sale and represents real estate acquired through or in lieu of foreclosure. OREO is initially recorded 
at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. Physical possession of residential real 
estate  property  collateralizing  a  consumer  mortgage  loan  occurs  when  legal  title  is  obtained  upon  completion  of 
foreclosure or when the borrower conveys all interest in the property to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed 
in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement. The Company’s policy is to carry OREO on its balance 
sheet at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell.  If fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure, a 
valuation allowance is recorded through expense.  Operating costs after acquisition are expensed.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, continued 

Overview 

The  Company’s  net  income  for  2017  totaled  $9,010,000  or  $2.63  per  common  share,  a  decrease  of  5.83%  from 
$9,568,000 or $2.77 a share in 2016. Return on average equity decreased in 2017 to 10.01% versus 11.18% in 2016, and 
the return on average assets decreased from 1.34% in 2016 to 1.21% in 2017.  These results reflect an $811,000 tax 
adjustment due to the write down of deferred tax assets as a result of the change in federal corporate income tax rate from 
34% to 21% with the passing of the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act.  

See page 19 for a five-year summary of selected financial data. 
Changes in Net Income per Common Share (Basic) 

2017 
to 2016 

2016 
to 2015 

Prior Year Net Income Per Common Share (Basic) 

$                       2.77  $                 2.40 

Change from differences in: 
Net interest income 1 
Provision for loan losses 
Noninterest income, excluding securities gains 
Security gains (losses), net 
Noninterest expenses1 
Income taxes 
Effect of preferred stock dividend 
Change in average shares outstanding 
Total Change 

.52 
- 
1.36 
(.01) 
(1.66) 
(.38) 
                            .02 
                            .01 
                           (.14)                            .37      
$                        2.63  $                  2.77 
Net Income Per Common Share (Basic) 
1Noninterest income and noninterest expense reflect the reclassification of VBS to record gross income/expense rather than net. 

.62 
.09 
(.08) 
- 
(.40) 
.12 
                      .01 
                      .01 

Net Interest Income 

The largest source of operating revenue for the Company is net interest income, which is calculated as the difference 
between the interest earned on earning assets and the interest expense paid on interest bearing liabilities. Net interest 
income increased 5.78% from 2016 to 2017 following an increase of 7.60% from 2015 to 2016.  The net interest margin 
is the net interest income expressed as a percentage of interest earning assets. Changes in the volume and mix of interest 
earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, along with their yields and rates, have a significant impact on the level of 
net interest income. Tax equivalent net interest income for 2017 was $30,342,000 representing an increase of $1,714,000 
or 5.99% over the prior year.  A 7.60% increase in 2016 versus 2015 resulted in total tax equivalent net interest income 
of $28,683,000. 

In  this  discussion  and  in  the  tabular  analysis  of  net  interest  income  performance,  entitled  “Consolidated  Average 
Balances, Yields and Rates,” (found on page 26), the interest earned on tax exempt loans and investment securities has 
been adjusted to reflect the amount that would have been earned had these investments been subject to normal income 
taxation. This is referred to as tax equivalent net interest income.  For a reconciliation of tax equivalent net interest income 
to GAAP measures, see the table on page 40.  

Tax equivalent income on earning assets increased $2,012,000 in 2017 compared to 2016.  Loans held for investment, 
expressed as a percentage of total earning assets, increased in 2017 to 90.29% as compared to 86.02% in 2016.  During 
2017, yields on earning assets increased 23 basis points (BP), primarily due to rate increases during 2017 specifically in 
commercial loans, investments and federal funds sold.  The average cost of interest bearing liabilities increased 6BP in 
2017, following an increase of 9BP in 2016. The increase in 2017 in due to increased cost of deposits and debt as rates 
increased.   

The  analysis  on  the  next  page  reveals  an  increase  in  the net  interest  margin  to  4.53%  in  2017  from  4.34%  in 2016, 
primarily due to changes in balance sheet leverage and increased interest rates during the year. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

        Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

               Consolidated Average Balances, Yields and Rates1 

Balance 

2017 
Interest 

Rate 

Balance 

2016 
Interest 

Rate 

Balance 

2015 
Interest 

Rate 

ASSETS 
Loans2 
     Commercial  
     Real estate  
     Installment 

     Loans held for investment4 
     Loans held for sale   

Investment securities3 
     Fully taxable 
     Partially taxable 

$           182,646 $        9,475 

5.19% $       176,389  $        8,362 
312,435 
                 90,787            6,470         7.13%             78,524 

16,678         5.04% 

330,828 

15,781          5.05% 

295,892 
           5,805          7.39%              65,870 

4.74% $       170,272 

$        8,103 

4.76% 
14,976          5.07% 
           4,981          7.56% 

604,261 
37,008 

32,623 
1,112 

5.40% 
3.00% 

567,348 
68,438 

29,948 
1,924 

5.28% 
2.81% 

532,034 
40,450 

28,087 
1,099 

5.28% 
2.72% 

10,886 

15,714 
                      125                    -                  -                  125 

338         3.10% 

372          2.37% 
                   -                   - 

17,372 

327          1.88% 
               125                        -                    - 

     Total investment securities 

11,011 

338 

3.07% 

15,839 

372 

2.37% 

17,497 

327 

1.88% 

Interest bearing deposits in banks   
Federal funds sold 
     Total Earning Assets 

                   1,512 
727 
10 
                 15,475               156         1.01%               7,195 
              669,267          34,239        5.12%           659,547 

.66% 

3 

.41% 

1,223 
                35            .49%                9,310 
       4.89%            600,514 
        32,282 

Allowance for loan losses 
Nonearning assets 
     Total Assets 

(6,793) 
                 81,552  
$            744,026  

(8,162) 
             63,205 
 $        714,590  

(8,933) 

             52,378 
 $        643,959   

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ 
EQUITY 
Deposits 
     Demand –interest bearing 
     Savings  
     Time deposits 

$            121,095 $            538           .44% $        113,525  $            499            .44% $        112,334 

114,489               516 

100,298 
              159,415            1,634         1.02%           160,221 

.45% 

76,491 
              441 
           1,440            .90%            171,829 

.44% 

- 
- 
                21            .23% 
       4.92% 
         29,534 

$            539            .48% 
.28% 
              212 
           1,402            .82% 

     Total interest bearing deposits   

394,999 

2,688           .68% 

374,044 

2,380 

.64% 

360,654 

2,153 

.60% 

Short-term debt 
Long-term debt 

20,398 

37,716 
63 
                 53,004            1,146         2.16%             56,253 

.31% 

55 

32,017 
           1,164          2.07%              31,856 

.15% 

69 

.22% 
              654          2.05% 

     Total interest bearing liabilities 

             468,401            3,897           .83%           468,013 

           3,599            .77%            424,527 

           2,876            .68% 

Noninterest bearing deposits 
Other liabilities 

     Total liabilities 
Stockholders’ equity 

            153,640 
                 31,936  

653,977  
                 90,049 

           141,180 
             19,824  

629,017  
             85,572 

            125,665 
              13,318  

563,510 
              80,449 

     Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 

  $            744,026 

 $        714,590 

 $        643,959 

     Net interest earnings 

 $       30,342  

  $       28,683  

$       26,658  

     Net yield on interest earning assets (NIM)   

         4.53% 

          4.34% 

          4.44% 

Income and yields are presented on a tax-equivalent basis using the applicable federal income tax rate of 34%. 
Interest income on loans includes loan fees. 

1 
2 
3  Average balance information is reflective of historical cost and has not been adjusted for changes in market value. 
4 

Includes nonaccrual loans.  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

The following table illustrates the effect of changes in volumes and rates. 

2017 Compared to 2016 
Increase (Decrease) 

2016 Compared to 2015 
Increase (Decrease) 

Due to Change 
in Average: 

Volume 

Rate 

Increase 
Or 
(Decrease) 

Due to Change 
in Average: 

Volume 

Rate 

Increase 
or 
(Decrease) 

Interest income 
Loans held for investment  
Loans held for sale 
Investment securities 
Fully taxable 
Partially taxable 

$             1,949  $         726 
           72 

(884) 

$         2,675  $             1,865  $          (4) 
             64 

(812) 

761 

$         1,861 
825 

                (114) 
                        - 

80 
             - 

(34) 
- 

                  (31) 
                        - 

76 
             - 

45 
- 

Interest bearing deposits in banks 
Federal funds sold 
Total Interest Income 

3 
                     40 
                   994 

           4 
             81 
           963 

                   7 
               121 
            1,957 

- 
                    (5) 
                2,590 

               3 
             19 
           158 

                   3 
                 14 
            2,748 

Interest expense 
Deposits 
Demand - interest bearing   
Savings   
Time deposits 

Short-term debt 
Long-term debt 
Total Interest Expense 
Net Interest Income 

                   33 
62 
(7) 

6 
         13 
201 

39 
75 
               194 

6 
67  
(95) 

(46) 
           162 
133 

(40) 
229 
38 

                  (67) 
                    (4) 
$                 998 

              (14) 
                   13 
(25)                 33 
               510 
                   500 
             49 
           302 
               723 
                   491 
$         661  $          1,659  $              2,099  $         (74)  $          2,025 

              8  
              (18) 
               298 

(27) 
           10 
           232 

Note:  Volume changes have been determined by multiplying the prior years’ average rate by the change in average 
balances outstanding.  The rate change is determined by multiplying the current year average balance outstanding by the 
change in rate from the prior year to the current year.  

Interest Income 

Tax equivalent interest income increased $2,012,000 or 6.24% in 2017, after increasing 9.31% or $2,744,000 in 2016. 
Overall, the yield on earning assets increased .23%, from 4.89% to 5.12%. Average loans held for investment grew during 
2017,  with  average  loans  outstanding  increasing  $36,913,000  to  $604,261,000.    Average  real  estate  loans  increased 
5.89%, commercial loans increased 3.55% and consumer installment loans increased 15.62% on average.  The increase 
in average consumer loans is a result of the growth in our Dealer Finance Division which opened at the end of 2012.  The 
increase in tax equivalent interest income is primarily due to the growth in the loan portfolio, with commercial loans 
contributing the most interest income growth.   

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

The following table provides detail on the components of tax equivalent net interest income: 

GAAP Financial Measurements: 
(Dollars in thousands). 

         Interest Income – Loans 

Interest Income - Securities and Other Interest-Earnings Assets 

         Interest Expense – Deposits 
         Interest Expense - Other Borrowings 
Total Net Interest Income 

Non-GAAP Financial Measurements: 

2017 

2016 

2015 

$  33,591  $  31,740  $  29,056 
       348 
       410 
       504 
2,153 
2,380 
2,688 
         723 
      1,219 
      1,209 
26,528 
28,551 
30,198 

Add: Tax Benefit on Tax-Exempt Interest Income – Loans 
Add: Tax Benefit on Tax-Exempt Interest Income - Securities and Other                                                                                                     
Interest-Earnings Assets 

130 
              - 

132 
              - 

144 
              - 

Total Tax Benefit on Tax-Exempt Interest Income 
Tax-Equivalent Net Interest Income 

          144 
          130 
          132 
$  30,342  $  28,683  $  26,658 

Interest Expense 

Interest expense increased $298,000 or 8.28% during 2017, which followed a 25.14% increase or $723,000 in 2016. The 
average cost of funds of .83% increased .06% compared to 2016, which followed an increase of .09% in 2016 compared 
to 2015. Average interest bearing liabilities increased $388,000 in 2017 following an increase of $43,486,000 in 2016.  
The average interest bearing liabilities have remained flat in 2017 and increased 10.24% in 2016.  Changes in the cost of 
funds attributable to rate and volume variances can be found in the table at the top of page 23. 

Noninterest Income 

Noninterest  income  continues  to  be  an  increasingly  important  factor  in  maintaining  and  growing  profitability. 
Management is conscious of the need to constantly review fee income and develop additional sources of complementary 
revenue.    During  2017,  VBS  Mortgage’s  income  was  reclassified  to  report  gross  income  and  gross  expenses  in  the 
appropriate income statement categories rather than netting in noninterest income, 2016 and 2015 income statements 
were reclassified to be comparative.  

Noninterest income, exclusive of security gains or losses, increased 42.14% or $2,352,000, in 2017 following an increase 
of 16.46% in 2016.  The increase is due to the addition of VST Title, increases in VBS Mortgage gross revenue and 
service  charges  on  deposit  account.    In  addition,  the  FHLB  prepayment  gain  of  $504,000  is  recorded  in  noninterest 
income.  The losses on low income housing projects decreased 14.5% for 2017 due to recognition of $162,000 in gains 
related to a fund that was dissolved. The 2016 increase over 2015 was primarily due to record earnings at VBS Mortgage.  

The Company reported an investment loss related to both the Bank and VBS exiting the Bankers Title investment in 
2017.  The total loss was $42,000.  There were no security transactions in 2016 or 2015 which resulted in a gain or 
loss.    

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Noninterest Expense 

Noninterest expenses increased from $21,272,000 in 2016 to $24,719,000 in 2017, a 16.20% increase.  Salary and 
benefits increased 16.05% to $14,854,000 in 2017 following an increase of 11.72% in 2016.  This increase was the 
result  of  normal  salary  increases,  additions  to  staff  for  new  branches,  the  addition  of  VS  Title  (in  2017)  and 
administrative positions as well as increasing benefit costs (including health care cost, pension expense and profit 
sharing  expenses).    Occupancy  and  Equipment  expenses  increased  $268,000  or  16.72%  due  to  the  growth  in  our 
branch  network  following  an  increase  of  5.74%  in  2016.  Other  operating  expenses  increased  $1,125,000  in  2017, 
following a $288,000 increase in 2016.  The primary increases were in the areas of information technology ($211,000), 
credit and debit card related services ($114,000), contributions ($266,000), and VBS and VST other operating expense 
growth ($101,000).  The 2016 primary increases were in advertising and employee appreciation ($70,000), other loan 
related costs ($127,000), legal and professional expense ($108,000) and checking account program expenses ($257,000). 
Total noninterest expense as a percentage of average assets totaled 3.32%, 2.98%, and 3.04%, in 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively. With the growth in branches, addition of VST and increased staff at VBS mortgage noninterest expenses 
have shown increase relative to peer data.  Peer group averages (as reported in the most recent Uniform Bank Performance 
Report) have ranged between 2.80%, 2.84% and 2.86% over the same time period. 

Provision for Loan Losses 

Management evaluates the loan portfolio in light of national and local economic trends, changes in the nature and 
volume  of  the  portfolio  and  industry  standards.  Specific  factors  considered  by  management  in  determining  the 
adequacy of the level of the allowance for loan losses include internally generated loan review reports, past due reports 
and historical loan loss experience.  This review also considers concentrations of loans in terms of geography, business 
type and level of risk. Management evaluates nonperforming loans relative to their collateral value, when deemed 
collateral dependent, and makes the appropriate adjustments to the allowance for loan losses when needed. Based on 
the factors outlined above, the current year provision for loan losses remained at $0 as in 2016. The current levels of 
the allowance for loan losses reflect increased net charge-off activity, loan growth, and other credit risk factors that the 
Company  considers  in  assessing  the  adequacy  of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses.    The  Company  has  experienced  an 
increase in past due loans and nonperforming loans at year end; the nonperforming loans increase can be attributed to 
one borrower ($1.1 million) that has a specific reserve in the allowance for loan losses; the past due loan increase is 
primarily attributed to one borrower ($5.9 million) that is being closely monitored.  Management is in the process of 
restructuring the relationship and has determined that there is no impairment at this time.   Management will continue to 
monitor nonperforming and past due loans and will make necessary adjustments to specific reserves and record provision 
for loan losses if conditions change regarding collateral values or cash flow expectations.  Management anticipates the 
Bank will need to record provision expense in 2018 due to expected growth and a normalized historical charge-off rate.  

Actual net loan charge-offs were $1,499,000 in 2017 and $1,238,000 in 2016. Net charge-offs as a percentage of loans 
held for investment totaled .24% and .21% in 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Dealer Finance Division’s charge-off 
percentage is the largest category at .11% of loans held for investment and land development was .09%.  As stated in 
the most recently available Uniform Bank Performance Report (UPBR), peer group loss averages were .10% in 2017 
and .11% in 2016.  The Bank anticipates losses will remain above peer due to the Dealer Finance Division, however 
these losses have been in line with expectations and are more than offset by the increased yield derived from this 
portfolio.  

Balance Sheet 

Total assets increased 1.13% during the year to $753,270,000, an increase of $8,381,000 from $744,889,000 in 2016.  
Loans held for investment grew $25,338,000, Bank premises and equipment increased $5,554,000, whereas loans held 
for sale decreased $22,960,000 and other asset categories experienced modest fluctuations. Average earning assets 
increased 1.47% or $9,720,000 to $669,267,000 at December 31, 2017. The increase in earning assets is due largely 
to the growth in the loans held for investment offset by the decrease in short-term loan participation program with 
Northpointe Bank.  Deposits grew $32,092,000 and other liabilities decreased $28,304,000 in 2017.  Average interest 
bearing deposits increased $20,955,000 for 2017 or 5.60%, with increases in both interest-bearing demand accounts 
and savings accounts.  There was a slight decrease in the time deposit category. The Company continues to utilize its 
assets well, with 89.95% of average assets consisting of earning assets.  

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Investment Securities 

Total  securities  increased  $1,768,000  or  4.48%  in  2017  to  $41,243,000  at  December  31,  2017  from  $39,475,000  at 
December 31, 2016.  Average balances in investment securities decreased 30.48% in 2017 to $11,011,000.  At year end, 
1.65%  of  average  earning  assets  of  the  Company  were  held  as  investment  securities,  all  of  which  are  unpledged.  
Management strives to match the types and maturities of securities owned to balance projected liquidity needs, interest 
rate sensitivity and to maximize earnings through a portfolio bearing low credit risk.  Portfolio yields averaged 3.07% 
for 2017, up from 2.37% in 2016.   

There were no Other Than Temporary Impairments (OTTI) write-downs in 2017, 2016 or 2015.  In 2017, the Company 
recognized a $42,000 loss on exit of the Banker’s Title investment; there were no security gains or losses in 2016 or 
2015. 

The composition of securities at December 31 was: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

2017 

2016 

2015 

Available for Sale1 
    U.S. Treasury and Agency    
    Mortgage-backed  obligations  of  federal     
agencies2 
    Equity securities 

Total 

Held to Maturity 
    U.S. Treasury and Agency 

Total 

$                     27,978 
502 

$                     24,014  $                      12,095 
817 

634 

                             135 
28,615 

                             135 
24,783 

                             135 
13,047 

                             125 
125 

                             125 
125 

                             125 
125 

Other Equity Investments 
Total Securities 

                       12,503 
                       12,157 
                       14,567 
$                      41,243  $                      39,475  $                      25,329 

1 

2 

At estimated fair value.  See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for amortized cost.  
Issued by a U.S. Government Agency or secured by U.S. Government Agency collateral. 

Maturities and weighted average yields of securities at December 31, 2017 are presented in the table below. Amounts are 
shown by contractual maturity; expected maturities will differ as issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. 
Maturities  of  other  investments  are  not  readily  determinable  due  to  the  nature  of  the  investment;  see  Note  4  to  the 
Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of these investments.  

(Dollars in thousands) 

Amount  Yield  Amount  Yield  Amount 

Yield 

Less 
Than one Year 

One to 
Five Years 

Five to 
Ten Years 

Over 
Ten Years 
Amount  Yield 

Total 

Yield 

Debt Securities Available for 
Sale 

U.S. Treasury & Agency 
Mortgage-backed obligations of 
federal agencies 
Equity securities 

Total 

Debt Securities Held to 
Maturity 

$  19,998 

1.05%          $    7,980 

2.06% 

$           - 
502 

2.41% 

             - 
             - 
$  19,978    1.05%  $    7,980 

            - 
2.06%  $       502 

  2.41% 

$           - 
- 

         135 
$       135 

$  27,978 
502 

  1.34% 
2.41% 

         135                    
1.36% 
$ 28,615 

U.S. Treasury & Agency 
Total 

$       125 
$       125 

.75% 
.75% 

$       125 
$       125 

.75% 
.75% 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Analysis of Loan Portfolio 

The Company’s market area has a relatively stable economy which tends to be less cyclical than the national economy.  
Major industries in the market area include agricultural production and processing, higher education, retail sales, services 
and light manufacturing.     

The  Company’s  portfolio  of  loans  held  for  investment  totaled  $616,974,000  at  December  31,  2017  compared  with 
$591,636,000 at the beginning of the year.  The Company’s policy has been to make conservative loans that are held for 
future  interest  income,  utilizing  prudent  underwriting  and  a  strong  loan  review  program.    Collateral  required  by  the 
Company is determined on an individual basis depending on the purpose of the loan and the financial condition of the 
borrower.  Commercial  loans,  including  agricultural  and  multifamily  loans,  increased  3.89%  during  2017  to 
$209,721,000.  Real  estate  mortgages  increased  $12,260,000  or  5.14%.    Growth  has  included  a  variety  of  loan  and 
collateral types including owner occupied residential real estate and residential rental properties.  Construction loans 
decreased $4,552,000 or 5.98%. The Bank also has loan participation arrangements with several other banks within the 
region to aid in diversification of the loan portfolio geographically, by collateral type and by borrower.  

Consumer installment loans increased $9,411,000 or 13.06%.  This category includes personal loans, auto loans and other 
loans to individuals. This category began increasing during the fourth quarter of 2012 due to the opening of the Dealer 
Finance Division in Penn Laird, Virginia; at year end this Division had a loan portfolio of $75,169,000.  Credit card 
balances increased $117,000 to $2,939,000 but are a minor component of the loan portfolio. The following table presents 
the changes in the loan portfolio over the previous five years. 

(Dollars in thousands) 

2017 

2016 

December 31 
2015 

2014 

2013 

Real estate – mortgage 
Real estate – construction 
Consumer installment 
Commercial 
Agricultural 
Multi-family residential 
Credit cards 
Other 
Total Loans 

$      250,891 
71,620 
81,458 
182,360 
17,064 
10,298 
2,939 
                344 
$      616,974 

$     238,631 
76,172 
72,048 
178,392 
15,876 
7,605 
2,822 
                  90 
$      591,636 

$     232,321 
69,759 
62,239 
153,691 
15,672 
7,559 
2,745 
                  67 
$      544,053 

$     223,824 
67,180 
49,615 
147,599 
15,374 
11,775 
2,705 
                130 
$      518,202 

$     212,630 
68,512 
30,643 
135,835 
16,265 
11,797 
2,680 
                 91 
$      478,453 

The following table shows the Company’s loan maturity and interest rate sensitivity as of December 31, 2017: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

Commercial and 
agricultural loans 
Multi-family residential 
Real Estate – mortgage 
Real Estate – construction 
Consumer – installment/credit cards/other 
Total 

Loans with predetermined rates 
Loans with variable or 
adjustable rates 
Total 

Less Than 
1 Year 

1-5 
Years 

Over 
5 Years 

Total 

$          106,048  $             26,790  $           199,424 
$             66,586 
10,298 
4,628 
250,891 
104,699 
71,620 
               50,857 
                 9,027                 
               84,741 
$           235,797  $           333,030  $             48,147  $           616,974 

497 
4,620 
                 2,126 
               14,114 

5,173 
141,572 
18,637 
               61,600 

$             28,101  $             79,748  $             30,378  $           138,227 

             207,696 
             478,747 
$           235,797  $           333,030  $             48,147  $           616,974 

             253,282 

               17,769 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Analysis of Loan Portfolio, continued 

Residential real estate loans are generally made for a period not to exceed 25 years and are secured by a first deed of trust 
which normally does not exceed 90% of the appraised value.  If the loan to value ratio exceeds 90%, the Company 
requires additional collateral, guarantees or mortgage insurance.  On approximately 94% of the real estate loans, interest 
is adjustable after each one, three or five-year period. The remainder of the portfolio is comprised of fixed rate loans that 
are generally made for a fifteen-year or a twenty-year period with an interest rate adjustment after ten years. 

Since 1992, fixed rate real estate loans have been funded with fixed rate borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank, 
which allows the Company to control its interest rate risk.  In addition, the Company makes home equity loans secured 
by second deeds of trust with total indebtedness not to exceed 90% of the appraised value.  Home equity loans are made 
for three, five or ten year periods at a fixed rate or as a revolving line of credit. 

Construction loans may be made to individuals, who have arranged with a contractor for the construction of a residence, 
or to contractors that are involved in building pre-sold, spec-homes or subdivisions. The majority of commercial loans 
are  made  to  small  retail,  manufacturing  and  service  businesses.  Consumer  loans  are  made  for  a  variety  of  reasons; 
however, approximately 74% of the loans are secured by automobiles and trucks.   

Approximately 80% of the Company’s loans are secured by real estate; however, policies relating to appraisals and loan 
to value ratios are adequate to control the related risk. Market values appear to have rebounded from the recession with 
modest increases in 2015, 2016, and 2017.  Unemployment rates in the Company’s market area continue to be below 
both the national and state averages. 

The Bank has not identified any loan categories that would be considered loan concentrations of greater than 25% of 
capital. While the Bank has not developed a formal policy limiting the concentration level to any particular loan type or 
industry segment, it has established target limits on both a nominal and percentage of capital basis. Concentrations are 
monitored  and  reported  to  the  board  of  directors  quarterly.  Concentration  levels  have  been  used  by  management  to 
determine how aggressively we may price or pursue new loan requests. At December 31, 2017, there are no industry 
categories of loans that exceed 10% of total loans. 

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans 

Nonperforming loans include nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days or more past due.  Nonaccrual loans are loans on 
which  interest  accruals  have  been  suspended  or  discontinued  permanently.    The  Company  would  have  earned 
approximately $102,000 in additional interest income had the loans on nonaccrual status been current and performing.  
Nonperforming loans totaled $7,102,000 at December 31, 2017 compared to $4,870,000 at December 31, 2016.  At 
December 31, 2017, $198,000 of loans 90 days or more past due were not on nonaccrual status.  Approximately 88% 
of these nonperforming loans are secured by real estate. Although management expects that there may be additional 
loan losses, the Bank believes that it is generally well secured and continues to actively work with its customers to 
effect payment.  As of December 31, 2017, the Company holds $1,984,000 of real estate which was acquired through 
foreclosure. 

Nonperforming  loans  have  increased  approximately  $2,232,000  since  December  31,  2016.    Of  the  increase,  $1.5 
million relates to two borrowers; one of which has sold equipment and the loan will be modified for collection of the 
remaining balance, with no loss anticipated as of December 31, 2017.  The other relationship is in the process of 
subdividing property to sell in order to bring the loan current; this loan has been reviewed for impairment and has a 
specific reserve of $249,000 in our allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2017. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans, continued 

The following is a summary of information pertaining to nonperforming loans: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

Nonaccrual Loans:  

    Real Estate  

    Commercial   

    Home Equity 

    Other 

Loans past due 90 days or more: 
     Real Estate 

    Commercial 

    Home Equity 

    Other 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

$   5,628   $   4,204   $   5,698   $   5,481   $  9,963  

599 

451 

226 

143 

- 

- 

70 

311 

178 

81 

- 

- 

109 

40 

108 

272 

25 

107 

1,179 

1,890 

153 

161 

0 

0 

0 

402 

- 

246 

4 

61 

           55 

           26 

         67 

            1 

         16 

Total Nonperforming loans 

$    7,102   $    4,870   $   6,526   $   6,975   $12,582  

Restructured Loans current and performing: 

Real Estate 
Commercial 

Home Equity 

Other 

      7,710  
              -  

      8,641  
      1,121  

     8,713  
    7,484  
     3,913  
     1,463            518         3,989  

- 

78 

- 

76 

1,414 

91 

290 

22 

727 

- 

Nonperforming loans as a percentage of loans held for investment 

1.15% 

.82% 

1.20% 

1.35% 

2.63% 

Net Charge Offs to Total Loans Held for Investment 

.24% 

.21% 

.04% 

.33% 

.78% 

Allowance for loan and lease losses to nonperforming loans 

85.10% 

154.89%  134.55%  125.09% 

65.04% 

Potential Problem Loans 

Loans classified for regulatory purposes as loss, doubtful, substandard, or special mention do not represent or result from 
trends or uncertainties which management reasonably expects will materially impact future operating results, liquidity or 
capital resources.  Nor do they represent material credits about which management is aware of any information which 
causes it to have serious doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the loan repayment terms.  As of 
December  31,  2017,  management  is  not  aware  of  any  potential  problem  loans  which  are  not  already  classified  for 
regulatory purposes or on the watch list as part of the Bank’s internal grading system. 

32 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Loan Losses and the Allowance for Loan Losses 

In evaluating the portfolio, loans are segregated into loans with identified potential losses, pools of loans by type, 
with separate weighting for past dues and adverse rated loans, and a general allowance based on a variety of 
criteria.  Loans with identified potential losses include examiner and bank classified loans. Classified relationships 
in excess of $500,000 and loans identified as troubled debt restructurings are reviewed individually for impairment 
under ASC 310. A variety of factors are considered when reviewing these credits, including borrower cash flow, 
payment history, fair value of collateral, company management, industry and economic factors.  

Loans that are not impaired are categorized by call report code into unimpaired and classified loans. For unimpaired 
loans an estimate is calculated based on actual loss experience over the last five years, for loans of that type.  During 
2015, the Company felt the two-year loss history utilized in 2014 and prior would not be indicative of the amount of 
losses that could occur in our current economic cycle, therefore the loss history was expanded to five years to 
capture a more representative loss history.  Dealer finance loans utilize a two-year loss history.  The Company 
monitors the net losses for this division and adjusts based on how the portfolio performs since the department was 
established in 2012.  For classified loans, loans are grouped by call code and past due or adverse risk rating. Loss 
rates are assigned based on actual loss experience over the last five years multiplied by a risk factor.  The Dealer 
finance loans are given a higher risk factor for past due and adverse risk ratings based on back testing of the risk 
factors.  

A general allowance for inherent losses has been established to reflect other unidentified losses within the portfolio. 
The general allowance is calculated using nine qualitative factors identified in the 2006 Interagency Policy 
Statement on the allowance for loan losses.  The general allowance assists in managing recent changes in portfolio 
risk that may not be captured in individually impaired loans, or in the homogeneous pools based on loss histories. 
The Board approves the loan loss provision for each quarter based on this evaluation. 

The allowance for loan losses of $6,044,000 at December 31, 2017 is equal to .98% of total loans held for investment.  
This  compares  to  an  allowance  of $7,543,000  or 1.27%  at  December  31,  2016  and  1.61%  at December 31, 2015.  
Management  and  the  Board  of  Directors  feel  that  the  current  reserve  level  is  adequate  based  on  the  analysis  of 
historical losses, delinquency rates, collateral values of delinquent loans and a thorough review of the loan portfolio.  
The allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans has decreased from 154.89% to 85.10% in 2017; increases in 
the nonperforming loans have been analyzed and, where necessary, a specific reserve has been recorded.  In addition, 
past due and adversely risk rated loans have higher allocation factors within the allowance for loan losses calculation.  
The Company has experienced a continued decline in historical charge-off rates with 2017 replacing 2012 in the five-
year lookback and the local economy showing continued improvements in unemployment.   Management will continue 
to monitor relationships that have recently become past due but are not considered impaired at this time.  

Loan losses, net of recoveries, totaled $1,499,000 in 2017 which is equivalent to .24% of total loans outstanding. Over 
the preceding three years, the Company has had an average loss rate of .16%, compared to a .11% loss rate for its peer 
group. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Loan Losses and the Allowance for Loan Losses, continued 

A summary of the activity in the allowance for loan losses follows: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

Balance at beginning of period 
Provision charged to expenses 
Loan losses: 
     Construction/land development 
     Farmland 
     Real Estate 
     Multi-family 
     Commercial Real Estate 
     Home Equity – closed end 
     Home Equity – open end 
     Commercial & Industrial – Non Real Estate 
     Consumer 
     Dealer Finance 
     Credit Cards 

Total loan losses 

Recoveries: 
     Construction/land development 
     Farmland 
     Real Estate 
     Multi-family 
     Commercial Real Estate 
     Home Equity – closed end 
     Home Equity – open end 
     Commercial & Industrial – Non Real Estate 
     Consumer 
     Dealer Finance 
     Credit Cards 

Total recoveries 

Net loan losses 
Balance at end of period 

Allowance for loan losses as a  
percentage of loans 

$        7,543 
- 

$        8,781 
- 

$        8,725 
300 

$        8,184 
2,250 

$        8,154 
3,775 

620 
- 
- 
- 
- 
                 7 
               26 
179 
136 
          1,806 
               98 
          2,872 

- 
- 
2 
- 
13 
25 
               53  
72 
28 
1,143 
               37 
          1,373 
        (1,499) 
$        6,044 

356 
- 
23 
- 
19 
                  8 
             370 
293 
37 
          1,081 
               74 
          2,261 

7 
- 
4 
- 
135 
- 
             120 
267 
19 
417 
               54 
          1,023 
        (1,238) 
$        7,543 

156 
- 
25 
- 
- 
               26 
               51 
- 
32 
             251 
               60 
             601 

85 
- 
37 
- 
65 
6 
                  - 
62 
32 
24 
               46 
             357 
        (244) 
$        8,781 

1,611 
- 
208 
- 
- 
                  - 
               80 
385 
33 
             107 
               46 
          2,470 

223 
- 
- 
- 
108 
- 
                  - 
356 
33 
6 
               35 
             761 
        (1,709) 
$        8,725 

2,127 
- 
173 
- 
201 
159 
68 
986 
173 
               17 
             121 
          4,025 

40 
- 
- 
- 
42 
- 
29 
127 
14 
- 
               28 
             280 
        (3,745) 
$        8,184 

.98% 

1.27% 

1.61% 

1.68% 

1.71% 

Net loan losses to loans held for investment 

.24% 

.21% 

.04% 

.33% 

.78% 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued  

Loan Losses and the Allowance for Loan Losses, continued 

ALLOCATION OF THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

Allowance for loan 
losses:                                 
(dollars in 
thousands) 

Balance  Percentage 

Balance  Percentage 

Balance  Percentage 

Balance  Percentage 

Balance  Percentage 

of Loans 
in Each 
Category 

of Loans 
in Each 
Category 

of Loans 
in Each 
Category 

of Loans 
in Each 
Category 

of Loans 
in Each 
Category 

Construction/Land 
Development 
Real Estate 

Commercial, 
Financial and 
Agricultural 
Consumer 

Home Equity 

Total 

$  2,547 

42.14%  $  3,381 

44.82%  $  4,442 

50.59%  $  4,738  

54.30%  $  4,007  

48.96% 

       719  

11.90% 

       843  

11.18% 

       806  

9.18% 

       623  

7.14% 

       400  

4.89% 

    863  

14.28% 

    1,348  

17.88% 

    1,666  

18.97% 

    1,337  

15.33% 

    2,239  

27.36% 

    1,640  

27.13% 

    1,426  

18.90% 

    1,059  

12.06% 

    1,685  

19.31% 

       905  

11.06% 

       275 

4.55% 

       545 

7.22% 

       808 

9.20% 

       342  

3.92% 

       633  

7.73% 

$  6,044 

100.00%  $  7,543 

100.00%  $  8,781 

100.00%  $  8,725  

100.00% 

 $ 8,184  

100.00% 

Deposits and Borrowings 

The average deposit balances and average rates paid for 2017, 2016 and 2015 were as follows: 

Average Deposits and Rates Paid (Dollars in thousands) 

2017 

Average 
Balance 

December 31, 

2016 

2015 

Rate 

Average 
Balance 

Rate 

Average 
Balance 

Rate 

Noninterest-bearing 

$     153,640 

$   141,180 

$   125,665 

Interest-bearing: 

Interest Checking 
Savings Accounts 
Time Deposits: 
CDARS 
All other  

Total interest-bearing 
Total deposits 

$     121,095 
       114,489 

 .44% 
   .45% 

$   113,525 
     100,298 

 .44% 
   .44% 

$   112,334 
       76,491 

 .48% 
   .28% 

           1,247 
       158,168 
       394,999 
$     548,639 

.56% 
1.03% 
   .68% 
.49% 

         1,253 
     158,968 
     374,044 
$   515,224 

.88% 
.90% 
   .64% 
.46% 

       11,247 
      160,582 
     360,654 
$   486,319 

.18% 
.86% 
   .60% 
.44% 

Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits, which are comprised of checking accounts, increased $12,460,000 or 
8.83% from $141,180,000 during 2016 to $153,640,000 during 2017. Average interest-bearing deposits, which include 
interest  checking  accounts,  money  market  accounts,  regular  savings  accounts  and  time  deposits,  increased 
$20,955,000  or  5.60%  from  $374,044,000  at  December 31,  2016  to  $394,999,000  at  December 31,  2017.  Total 
average  interest  checking  (including  money  market)  account  balances  increased  $7,570,000  or  6.67%  from 
$113,525,000  at  December 31,  2016  to  $121,095,000  at  December 31,  2017.      Total  average  savings  and  money 
market account balances increased $14,191,000 or 14.15% from $100,298,000 at December 31, 2016 to $114,489,000 
at December 31, 2017.  

Average  time  deposits  decreased  $806,000  or  .50%  from  $160,221,000  at  December 31,  2016  to  $159,415,000  at 
December 31, 2017.  

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Deposits and Borrowings, continued 

The maturity distribution of certificates of deposit of $100,000 or more is as follows: 

(Actual Dollars in thousands) 

Less than 3 months 
3 to 6 months 
6 to 12 months 
1 year to 5 years 

Total 

2017 

2016 

$    4,392 
7,212 
    11,410 
    37,606 

$    2,379 
4,332 
      7,624 
    36,534 

$  60,620 

$  50,869 

Non-deposit borrowings include federal funds purchased and Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) borrowings, (both short 
term and long term). Non-deposit borrowings are an important source of funding for the Bank.  These sources assist in 
managing short and long-term funding needs, often at rates that are more favorable than raising additional funds within 
the deposit portfolio.  

Borrowings from the FHLB are used to support the Bank’s lending program and allow the Bank to manage interest 
rate risk by laddering maturities and matching funding terms to the terms of various loan types in the loan portfolio. 
The Company did not borrow long term FHLB loans during 2017.  This compares to $20,000,000 borrowed in 2016 
and  $40,000,000  in  2015.  Repayment  of  amortizing  and  fixed  maturity  loans  through  FHLB  totaled  $14,429,000 
during 2017,  including prepayment  of $10,000,000  resulting  in  a  prepayment  gain of $504,000.   These  long-term 
loans carry an average rate of 1.86% at December 31, 2017.   

Contractual Obligations and Scheduled Payments (dollars in thousands) 

Less than 
One Year 

One Year Through  Three Years Through 

Three Years 

Five Years 

More than 
Five Years 

Total 

December 31, 2017 

Federal funds purchased 
FHLB Short term advances 
FHLB long term advances 

Total 

$          5,296 
20,000 
9,429 

- 
21,357 
$        34,725  $                 21,357 

$                           -  $                                 - 
- 
8,643 

$                       -  $      5,296 
20,000 
- 
49,554 
10,125 
$                         8,643  $              10,125  $    74,850 

See Note 11 (Short Term Debt) and Note 12 (Long Term Debt) to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion 
of the rates, terms, and conversion features on these advances

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Deposits and Borrowings, continued 

Stockholders’ Equity 

Total  stockholders'  equity  increased  $4,593,000  or  5.30%  in  2017.    Net  income  totaled  $9,010,000,  noncontrolling 
interest net income totaled $31,000, issuance of common stock totaled $197,000 and capital was reduced by dividends 
of  $3,387,000,  decreases  in  other  comprehensive  income  of  $295,000,  repurchases  of  common  stock  of  $712,000, 
repurchase of preferred stock $101,000 and minority interest distributions of $150,000.  As of December 31, 2017, book 
value per common share was $25.73 compared to $24.18 as of December 31, 2016. Dividends are paid to stockholders 
on a quarterly basis in uniform amounts unless unexpected fluctuations in net income indicate a change to this policy is 
needed.  

The Company adopted ASU 2018-02 which allows financial statement preparers an option to reclassify stranded tax 
effects within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the 
change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded.  
Therefore retained earnings has been adjusted by $682,000 for reflect these changes. 

Banking regulators have established a uniform system to address the adequacy of capital for financial institutions.  The 
rules require minimum capital levels based on risk-adjusted assets.  Simply stated, the riskier an entity's investments, the 
more capital it is required to maintain.  The Bank is required to maintain these minimum capital levels.  In March 2015, 
the Bank implemented the Basel III capital requirements, which introduced the Common Equity Tier I ratio in addition 
to the two  previous capital guidelines of Tier I capital (referred to as core capital) and Tier II capital (referred to as 
supplementary capital).  At December 31, 2017, the Bank had Common Equity Tier I capital of 14.43%, Tier I capital of 
14.43%  of  risk  weighted  assets  and  combined  Tier  I  and  II  capital  of  15.41%  of  risk  weighted  assets.    Regulatory 
minimums  at  this  date  were  4.5%,  6%  and 8%,  respectively.    The  Bank  has  maintained  capital  levels  far  above  the 
minimum requirements throughout the year.  In the unlikely event that such capital levels are not met, regulatory agencies 
are empowered to require the Bank to raise additional capital and/or reallocate present capital. 

In addition, the regulatory agencies have issued guidelines requiring the maintenance of a capital leverage ratio.  The 
leverage  ratio  is  computed  by  dividing  Tier  I  capital  by  average  total  assets.    The  regulators  have  established  a 
minimum of 4% for this ratio but can increase the minimum requirement based upon an institution's overall financial 
condition.  At December 31, 2017, the Bank reported a leverage ratio of 12.07%.  The Bank's leverage ratio was also 
substantially above the minimum.  The Bank also reported a capital conservation buffer of 7.41% at December 31, 
2017.  The capital conservation buffer is designed to strengthen an institution’s financial resilience during economic 
cycles.  Financial institutions are required to maintain a minimum buffer as required by the Basel III final rules in 
order  to  avoid  restrictions  on  capital  distributions  and  other  payments.    Beginning  January  1,  2016,  a  capital 
conservation  buffer  of  0.625%  became  effective.    The  capital  conservations  buffer  for  2017  is  1.25%  and  will 
gradually be increased through January 1, 2019 to 2.5%. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Market Risk Management 

Most of the Company’s net income is dependent on the Bank’s net interest income. Rapid changes in short-term interest 
rates may lead to volatility in net interest income resulting in additional interest rate risk to the extent that imbalances 
exist between the maturities or repricing of interest bearing liabilities and interest earning assets. The Company’s net 
interest margin increased .19% in 2017 following a decrease of .09% in 2016.  This increase is due to increases in interest 
rates in 2017, loan growth and the growth in noninterest bearing deposits to support loan growth.  In December 2017, the 
Federal Open Market Committee elected to raise the short-term rates target .25% to 1.25 to 1.50% due to expanding 
economic activity. 

Net interest income is also affected by changes in the mix of funding that supports earning assets. For example, higher 
levels of non-interest bearing demand deposits and leveraging earning assets by funding with stockholder’s equity would 
result in greater levels of net interest income than if most of the earning assets were funded with higher cost interest-
bearing liabilities, such as certificates of deposit. 

Liquid  assets,  which  include  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  federal  funds  sold,  interest  bearing  deposits  and  short  term 
investments averaged $40,189,000 for 2017.  The Bank historically has had a stable core deposit base and, therefore, 
does not have to rely on volatile funding sources.  Because of the stable core deposit base, changes in interest rates should 
not  have  a  significant  effect  on  liquidity.    The  Bank's  membership  in  the  Federal  Home  Loan  Bank  has  historically 
provided liquidity as the Bank borrows money that is repaid over a five to ten-year period and uses the money to make 
fixed rate loans.  The matching of the long-term receivables and liabilities helps the Bank reduce its sensitivity to interest 
rate changes. The Company reviews its interest rate gap periodically and makes adjustments as needed. There are no off-
balance sheet items that will impair future liquidity.  

The following table depicts the Company’s interest rate sensitivity, as measured by the repricing of its interest sensitive 
assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2017.  As the notes to the table indicate, the data was based in part on assumptions 
as  to  when  certain  assets  or  liabilities  would  mature  or  reprice.  The  analysis  indicates  an  asset  sensitive  one-year 
cumulative GAP position of 21.36% of total earning assets, compared to 23.71% in 2016. Approximately 44.40% of rate 
sensitive assets and 32.83% of rate sensitive liabilities are subject to repricing within one year. Short term assets (less 
than one year) decreased $11,305,000 during the year, while total earning assets decreased $1,106,000. The decrease is 
attributed to a decrease in loans held for sale of $22,960,000 and a decrease in federal funds sold of $7,926,000 which 
were offset by growth in loans held for investment of $25,221,000 and investments of $3,832,000.  Growth in the loans 
held for investment portfolio was concentrated in real estate secured loans, commercial and the Dealer Finance division. 
Short term liabilities increased $5,059,000, while total interest bearing liabilities decreased $12,732,000. The decrease in 
short term liabilities is due to the decreased demand in the loans held for sale program.  Management has raised deposit 
rates minimally in 2017.  

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Market Risk Management, continued 

The  following  GAP  analysis  shows  the  time  frames  as  of  December  31,  2017,  in  which  the  Company’s  assets  and 
liabilities are subject to repricing: 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Rate Sensitive Assets: 
Loans held for investment 
Loans held for sale 
Federal funds sold 
Investment securities 
Credit cards 
Interest bearing bank deposits 

1-90 
Days 

91-365 
Days 

1-5 
Years 

Over 5 
Years 

Not 
Classified 

Total 

$  136,692 
      39,775  
      -  
      20,123 
        2,939  
        1,285 

$     96,166  $     333,030   $    48,147  
            -    
            -    
       502  
            -    
            -    

              -    
              -    
         7,980  
              -    
              -    

                -    
                -    
         -  
                -    
                -    

 $         -      $     614,035 
         39,775  
            -    
         -  
            -    
         28,740  
         135  
            -    
           2,939  
            -                  1,285  

Total 

    200,814 

     104,146  

       333,030  

      48,649 

         135  

       686,774  

Rate Sensitive Liabilities: 
Interest bearing demand deposits 
Savings deposits 
Certificates of deposit $100,000 and over 
Other certificates of deposit 

Total Deposits 

Short-term debt 
Long-term debt 

Total 
Discrete Gap 

                -            32,473  
                -            24,144  
       17,223  
       32,095  

      4,192  
      13,313  

         69,810  
         72,434  
         39,205  
         59,242  

      18,668  
      24,145  
            -    
            -    

       120,951  
            -    
            -              120,723  
         60,620  
            -    
       104,650  
            -    

      17,505  

     105,935 

       240,691  

      42,813  

            -    

       406,944  

      25,296  
        1,192  

              -    
         8,322  

                -    
         30,094  

            -    

      10,125 

            -    
         25,296  
            -               49,733  

      43,993  
    156,821 

     114,257  
     (10,111) 

       270,785  
       62,245  

      52,938  
   (4,289) 

            -    
         135  

       481,973  
       204,801  

Cumulative Gap 
As a % of Earning Assets 

    156,821  
22.83% 

     146,710  
21.36% 

       208,955  
30.43% 

    204,666  
29.80% 

   204,801 
29.82% 

• 

In preparing the above table, no assumptions are made with respect to loan prepayments or deposit run off.  Loan 
principal  payments  are  included  in  the  earliest  period  in  which  the  loan  matures  or  can  be  repriced.  Principal 
payments  on  installment  loans  scheduled  prior  to  maturity  are  included  in  the  period  of  maturity  or  repricing. 
Proceeds  from  the  redemption  of  investments  and  deposits  are  included  in  the  period  of  maturity.  Estimated 
maturities on deposits which have no stated maturity dates were derived from guidance contained in FDICIA 305.  

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II, Continued 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Continued 

Quarterly Results (unaudited) 

The table below lists the Company’s quarterly performance for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

  Fourth 

  Third 

  Second 

First 

Total 

2017 

Interest and Dividend Income 
Interest Expense 

   $ 

9,141  $ 
1,036 

8,688  $ 
1,030 

8,256  $ 
925 

8,010  $ 
906 

Net Interest Income 
Provision for Loan Losses 

8,105 
- 

7,658 
- 

Net Interest Income after Provision 
  for Loan Losses 

Non-Interest Income 
Non-Interest Expense 

8,105 

   7,658 

1,820 
6,489 

              2,145         
              6,259   

7,331 
- 

7,331 

1,882 
6,017 

34,095 
3,897 

30,198 
- 

7,104 
- 

7,104 

30,198 

              2,045            7,892 

5,954 

24,719 

Income before income taxes 
Income Tax Expense 
Noncontrolling interest (income)/expense                  49                     (48)                   (59)                     27              (31) 

              3,544     

3,195 
877 

3,196 
809 

3,436 
1,698 

13,371 
4,330 

946 

Net Income 

   $ 

1,787  $ 

2,550  $ 

2,328  $ 

2,345  $ 

9,010 

Net Income Per Average  
   Common Share Basic                               $ 

.52  $ 

.75  $ 

.68  $ 

.68  $ 

2.63 

Note that fourth quarter 2017 includes the one time deferred tax asset write down due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. 

(Dollars in thousands) 

  Fourth 

  Third 

  Second 

First 

Total   

2016 

Interest and Dividend Income 
Interest Expense 

$ 

8,387  $ 
954 

8,198  $ 
969 

7,931  $ 
862 

7,634  $  32,150 
3,599 

814 

Net Interest Income 
Provision for Loan Losses 

7,433 
- 

7,229 
- 

7,069 
- 

6,820 
- 

28,551 
- 

Net Interest Income after Provision 
  for Loan Losses 

7,433 

  7,229 

7,069 

6,820 

28,551 

Non-Interest Income 
Non-Interest Expense 

              1,054         

2,843 
6,806                 4,962   

986 
4,772 

                699            5,582 
21,272 

4,732 

12,861 
Income before income taxes 
Income Tax Expense 
3,099 
Noncontrolling interest                                              (40)                   (64)                   (86)                     (4)            (194) 

             3,321      

3,470 
912 

3,283 
839 

2,787 
693 

655 

Net Income 

$ 

2,518  $ 

2,602  $ 

2,358  $ 

2,090  $ 

9,568 

Net Income Per Average  
   Common Share Basic                             $ 

.74  $ 

.75  $ 

.68  $ 

.60  $ 

2.77 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7A    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 

Interest Rate Sensitivity 

The Company considers interest rate risk to be a significant risk and has systems in place to measure the exposure of net 
interest income and fair values to movement in interest rates.  Among the tools available to management is interest rate 
sensitivity  analysis,  which  provides  information  related  to  repricing  opportunities.    Interest  rate  shock  simulations 
indicate potential economic loss due to future interest rate changes.  Shock analysis is a test that measures the effect of a 
hypothetical, immediate and parallel shift in interest rates.  The following table shows the results of a rate shock and the 
effect on net income, net interest income and net interest margin.  The information is an excerpt from our Interest Rate 
Risk model run as of November 30, 2017 and 2016: 

Rate Shift (bp) 

Net Income 

Net Interest Income 

Net Interest Margin 

2017 

2016 

2017 

2016 

2017 

2016 

300 

200 

100 

(-)100 

(-)200 

16,084  

14,583  

38,622  

35,480  

5.71% 

5.21% 

14,832  

13,118  

36,904  

33,492  

5.46% 

4.96% 

13,414  

11,507  

34,959  

31,306  

5.18% 

4.61% 

12,291  

10,458  

33,418  

29,883  

4.96% 

4.41% 

11,999  

10,319  

33,017  

29,694  

4.90% 

4.38% 

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
            
            
                
              
            
            
                
              
            
            
                
              
            
            
                
              
            
            
                
              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 

F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Balance Sheets (dollars in thousands, except per share data) 
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Assets 
Cash and due from banks  
Money market funds 
Federal funds sold 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Securities: 

Held to maturity - fair value of $125 in 2017 and 2016  
Available for sale  
Other investments  

Loans held for sale 
Loans held for investment  

Less: allowance for loan losses  

Net loans held for investment 

Other real estate owned  
Bank premises and equipment, net  
Interest receivable 
Goodwill  
Bank owned life insurance  
Other assets 

Total Assets 

Liabilities 
Deposits:  

Noninterest bearing 
Interest bearing 

Total deposits 

Short-term debt  
Accrued liabilities 
Long-term debt 

Total Liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies  

2017 

2016 

$            10,622  $              7,755 
                1,285 
674 
                7,926 
                        - 
16,355 
11,907 

125 
              28,615 
12,503 
39,775 
616,974 
      (6,044) 
610,930 

125 
              24,783 
14,567 
62,735 
591,636 
      (7,543) 
584,093 

2,076 
1,984 
10,340 
15,894 
1,785 
2,007 
2,670 
2,881 
              13,513 
              13,950 
              12,699 
              11,847 
$          753,270  $          744,889 

$          162,233  $          146,617 
            390,468 
            406,944 
            537,085 
            569,177 

25,296 
              17,789 
              49,733 
            661,995 

40,000 
              16,885 
              64,237 
            658,207 

Stockholders’ Equity 
Preferred Stock $25 par value, 400,000 shares authorized, 324,150 and 327,350 shares  
issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively 

Common stock $5 par value, 6,000,000 shares authorized, 3,255,036 and 3,270,315 
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively 

Additional paid in capital – common stock 
Retained earnings 
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Total Stockholders' Equity 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity 

7,529 

7,609 

16,275 
16,352 
10,225 
10,684 
60,814 
54,509 
574 
693 
             (4,142) 
             (3,165) 
              86,682 
              91,275 
$          753,270  $          744,889 

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Income (dollars in thousands, except per share data) 
For the years ended 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Interest and Dividend Income 
Interest and fees on loans held for investment 
Interest from loans held for sale 
Interest from money market funds and federal funds sold 
Interest from debt securities – taxable 
Total interest and dividend income 

2017 

2016 

2015 

$     32,479 
1,112 
166 
                   338 
              34,095 

$     29,816 
1,924 
38 
                   372 
              32,150 

$     27,957 
1,099 
21 
                   327 
              29,404 

Interest Expense 
Total interest on deposits 
Interest from short-term debt 
Interest from long-term debt 
Total interest expense 

Net Interest Income 

Provision for Loan Losses  

2,688 
63 
                1,146 
                3,897          

2,380 
55 
                1,164 
                3,599          

2,153 
69 
                   654 
                2,876          

              30,198 

              28,551 

              26,528 

                        - 

                        - 

                   300 

Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses 

              30,198 

              28,551 

              26,228 

Noninterest Income  
Service charges on deposit accounts 
Insurance, other commissions and mortgage banking, net 
Other operating income 
Income from bank owned life insurance 
Gain on prepayment of long term debt 
Loss on sale of other investments 
Low income housing partnership losses 
Total noninterest income 

1,360 
4,137 
2,109 
            449 
504 
(42) 
                (625) 
                7,892 

1,174 
3,006 
1,657 
            476 
- 
- 
                (731) 
         5,582 

963 
2,575 
1,401 
            473 
- 
- 
                (619) 
         4,793 

Noninterest Expenses 
Salaries 
Employee benefits  
Occupancy expense 
Equipment expense 
FDIC insurance assessment 
Other real estate owned, net 
Other operating expenses 
Total noninterest expenses 

Income before income taxes 

Income Tax Expense  

Net Income 

11,482 
3,372 
1,035 
836 
190 
76 

9,986 
2,814 
868 
735 
388 
86 

9,018 
2,439 
801 
715 
587 
566 
                5,428 
       19,554 

                7,728          
              24,719 

                6,395          
       21,272 

13,371 

12,861 

11,467 

                4,330 

                3,099 

                2,886 

9,041 

9,762 

8,581 

Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interests  
Net Income attributable to F & M Bank Corp. 

                  (31) 
                (164) 
                (194) 
$              9,010  $              9,568  $              8,417 

Dividends paid/accumulated on preferred stock 
Net income available to common stockholders 

Per Common Share Data  
Net income - basic 
Net income - diluted 
Cash dividends on common stock 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted 

                      415             
$                 8,595 

                      487                
$                 9,081 

                     510 
$                 7,907 

$                2.63  $                2.77  $                2.40 
$                2.48  $                2.57  $                2.25 
$                  .94  $                  .80  $                  .73 
3,290,812 
3,735,212 

3,282,335 
3,716,591 

3,269,713 
3,631,984 

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M BANK CORP. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (dollars in thousands) 
For the years ended 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Years Ended December 31, 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Net Income  

$                   9,041  $                   9,762  $                   8,581 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 
Pension plan adjustment 
Tax effect 
Pension plan adjustment, net of tax  

Unrealized holding gains  
     on available-for-sale securities 
Tax effect 
Unrealized holding gains, net of tax 
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 
Total comprehensive income 

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling 
interests 

(414) 
                        141 
                     (273) 

(738) 
                        251 
                     (487) 

(537) 
                        183 
                     (354) 

2 
3 
(34) 
                         (1) 
                         (1) 
                          12 
                            1 
                            2 
                       (22) 
                     (295) 
                     (353) 
                     (485) 
$                   8,746  $                   9,277  $                   8,228 

$                     (31)  $                   (194)  $                   (164) 

Comprehensive income attributable to F&M Bank Corp.  

$                   8,715  $                   9,083  $                   8,064 

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

44 

 
 
 
                                        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (dollars in thousands, except share 
and per share data) 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Accumulated 

Other 

Comprehensive 

Preferred 

Common 

Stock 

Stock 

Additional 
Paid in 
Capital 

Retained 

Noncontrolling 

Income 

Earnings 

Interest 

(Loss) 

Total 

$      9,425 

$       16,459 

$        11,260 

$        42,554 

$                 426 

$           (2,327) 

$            77,797 

8,417 

164 

(353) 

(17) 

(510) 

(2,405) 

(67) 

(223) 

8,581 

(353) 

(17) 

(510) 

(2,405) 

(290) 

             35 

               112 

                  - 

                       - 

                        -            

                  147 

$ 9,425 

$    16,427 

$ 11,149 

$ 48,056 
9,568 

$            573 
194 

$     (2,680) 

$       82,950 
                9,762 

Balance December 31, 2014 
Net income 

Other comprehensive loss 

Distributions to noncontrolling interest 

Dividends on preferred stock ($1.275 per share) 

Dividends on common stock  ($.73 per share) 

Common stock repurchased (13,277 shares) 

Common stock issued (6,916 shares) 

Balance December 31, 2015 
     Net income  

    Other comprehensive loss 

Distributions to noncontrolling interest 

Dividends on preferred stock ($1.488 per share) 

Dividends on common stock ($.80 per share) 

Common stock repurchased (22,583 shares) 

Common stock issued (7,494 shares) 

Preferred stock repurchased (72,650 shares) 

(1,816) 

(112) 

37 

(466) 

146 

(145) 

(74) 

(487) 

(2,628) 

(485) 

(485) 

(74) 

(487) 

(2,628) 

            (578) 

183 

(1,961) 

Balance, December 31, 2016 

$      7,609 

$       16,352 

$        10,684 

$        54,509 

$                 693 

$           (3,165) 

$            86,682 

     Net income  

    Other comprehensive loss 

Distributions to noncontrolling interest 

Dividends on preferred stock ($1.28 per share) 

Dividends on common stock ($.94 per share) 

Common stock repurchased (21,984 shares) 

Common stock issued (6,705 shares) 

Preferred stock repurchased (3,200 shares) 

(80) 

Stranded tax effect of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 

9,010 

31 

(295) 

(150) 

(415) 

(2,972) 

9,041 

(295) 

(150) 

(415) 

(2,972) 

            (712) 

197 

(101) 

682 

(682) 

                        - 

(110) 

33 

(602) 

164 

(21) 

Balance, December 31, 2017 

$      7,529 

$       16,275 

$        10,225 

$        60,814 

$                 574 

$           (4,142) 

$            91,275 

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

45 

 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (dollars in thousands) 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities 
Net income 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash 
     provided by operating activities: 
Depreciation 
Amortization of intangibles 
Amortization of securities 
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale originated 
Gain on sale of loans held for sale originated 
Loans held for sale originated 
Provision for loan losses 
(Expense) benefit for deferred taxes 
(Increase) in interest receivable 
Increase in other assets 
Increase in accrued liabilities 
Amortization of limited partnership investments 
Loss on sale of investments 
Loss on sale and valuation adjustments of other real estate owned 
Income from life insurance investment 
     Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities 
     Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale 
     Proceeds from sales of other investments 
     Purchases of securities available for sale and other investments 
     Capital improvements to other real estate owned 
     Net increase in loans held for investment 
     Net decrease (increase) in loans held for sale participations 
     Net purchase of property and equipment 
     Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned 
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities 
     Net change in deposits 
     Net change in short-term debt 
     Dividends paid in cash 
     Proceeds from long-term debt 
     Proceeds from issuance of common stock 
     Repurchase of preferred stock 
     Repurchase of common stock 
     Repayments of long-term debt 

Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities      

2017 

2016 

2015 

$           9,010 

$           9,568 

$              8,417 

930 
53 
- 
67,517 
(2,331) 
        (68,647) 
- 

(222) 
(222) 
          (1,693) 
             1,498 
                625 
42 
                  44 
            (449) 
             6,155 

86,741 
55 
(89,428) 
                (2) 
(27, 068) 
26 421 
(6,484) 

               281    
         ( 9,484) 

32,092 
        (14,704) 
(3,387) 
- 
197 
          (712) 
           (101) 
        (14,504) 
          (1,119) 

827 
- 
109 
73,112 
(2,778) 
        (66,779) 
- 

9 
(76) 
(444) 
             1,690 
731 
- 
                  19 
            (476) 
          15,512 

32,218 
- 
(47,137) 
                (24) 
(49,386) 
(8,483) 
(3,553) 
               623           
       (75,742) 

42,415 
           15,046 
(3,115) 
20,000 
183 
          (1,961) 
           (578)     
        (3,924) 
         68,066 

727 
- 
147 
77,662 
(2,297) 
           (77,152) 
300 

341 
(34) 
(457) 
                1,480 
627 
- 
                   489 
              (473) 
              9,777 

8,243 
- 
(12,040) 
- 
(25,892) 
(42,637) 
(1,811) 
                 688 
         (73,449) 

3,165 
              10,596 
(2,915) 
40,000 
147 
- 
                 (290) 
           (1,714) 
            48,989 

Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents 

(4,448) 

7,836 

(14,683) 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Year 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Year 

Supplemental Cash Flow information: 
     Cash paid for: 
Interest 
Income taxes 
Supplemental non-cash disclosures: 
     Transfers from loans to other real estate owned 
     Loans originated for the sale of other real estate owned 
    Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale 
    Minimum pension liability adjustment 

           16,355 

$         11,907 

          8,519 

           23,202 

$         16,355 

$              8,519 

$           3,866 
             4,460 

$           3,573 
             2,300 

$              2,854 
                1,500 

231 
- 
(26) 
(952) 

566 
- 
2 
(487) 

125 
(328) 
1 
(354) 

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

46 

 
 
                                                                                                                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 1 

NATURE OF OPERATIONS: 

F & M Bank Corp. (the “Company”), through its subsidiary Farmers & Merchants Bank (the “Bank”), operates under a 
charter issued by the Commonwealth of Virginia and provides commercial banking services.  As a state-chartered bank, 
the Bank is subject to regulation by the Virginia Bureau of Financial Institutions and the Federal Reserve Bank.  The 
Bank  provides  services  to  customers  located  mainly  in  Rockingham,  Shenandoah,  Page  and  Augusta  Counties  in 
Virginia, and the adjacent county of Hardy, West Virginia.  Services are provided at thirteen branch offices and a Dealer 
Finance Division loan production office.  The Company offers insurance, mortgage lending, title insurance and financial 
services through its subsidiaries, TEB Life Insurance, Inc., Farmers & Merchants Financial Services, Inc, VBS Mortgage, 
LLC (VBS) and VS Title, LLC. 

NOTE 2 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: 

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company and its subsidiaries conform to generally accepted accounting 
principles and to accepted practice within the banking industry.  The following is a summary of the more significant 
policies: 

Principles of Consolidation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of      Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank,  TEB  Life  Insurance 
Company, Farmers & Merchants Financial Services, Inc., VBS Mortgage, LLC, (net of noncontrolling interest) and VS 
Title, LLC. Significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported 
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements 
and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those 
estimates.  Material  estimates  that  are  particularly  susceptible  to  significant  change  in  the  near  term  relate  to  the 
determination of the allowance for loan losses, goodwill and intangibles, fair value, the valuation of deferred tax assets 
and liabilities, pension accounting and the valuation of foreclosed real estate. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, money market funds whose initial maturity is ninety days or less and 
Federal funds sold.  

Securities 

Certain debt securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held to 
maturity”  and  recorded  at  amortized  cost.  Securities  not  classified  as  held  to  maturity  or  trading,  including  equity 
securities with readily determinable fair values, are classified as “available for sale” and recorded at fair value, with 
unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income. Purchase premiums 
and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Gains and 
losses on the sale of securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method. 
The Company has no securities classified as trading. 

The  Company  follows  the  accounting  guidance  related  to  recognition  and  presentation  of  other-than-temporary 
impairment. The guidance specifies that if (a) an entity does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery 
and (b) it is more likely than not that the entity will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery, the security would 
not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired, unless there is a credit loss. When criteria (a) and (b) are met, the 
entity will recognize the credit component of other-than-temporary impairment of a debt security in earnings and the 
remaining portion in other comprehensive income.  

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Securities, continued 

For held-to-maturity debt securities, the amount of other-than-temporary impairment recorded in other comprehensive 
income for the noncredit portion of a previous other-than-temporary  impairment  is amortized prospectively over the 
remaining life of the security on the basis of the timing of future estimated cash flows of the security. 

For equity securities, when the Company has decided to sell an impaired available-for-sale security and the Company 
does not expect the fair value of the security to fully recover before the expected time of sale, the security is deemed 
other-than-temporarily  impaired  in  the  period  in  which  the  decision  to  sell  is  made.  The  Company  recognizes  an 
impairment loss when the impairment is deemed other than temporary even if a decision to sell has not been made.  

Other Investments 

The Company periodically invests in low income housing partnerships whose primary benefit is the distribution of federal 
income tax credits to partners.  The Company recognizes these benefits and the cost of the investments over the life of 
the partnership (usually 15 years).  In addition, state and federal historic rehabilitation credits are generated from some 
of the partnerships.  Amortization of these investments is prorated based on the amount of benefits received in each year 
to the total estimated benefits over the life of the projects.   The effective yield method is used to record the income 
statement effects of these investments.  

Other Investment Securities 

Due to the nature and restrictions placed on the Company's investment in common stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank 
of Atlanta ("FHLB") and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, these securities are considered restricted and carried 
at cost. 

Income Taxes 

Income tax accounting guidance results in two components of income tax expense: current and deferred. Current income 
tax expense reflects taxes to be paid or refunded for the current period by applying the provisions of the enacted tax law 
to the taxable income or excess of deductions over revenues. The Company determines deferred income taxes using the 
liability (or balance sheet) method. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is based on the tax effects of 
the differences between the book and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and enacted changes in tax rates and laws are 
recognized in the period in which they occur. 

Deferred income tax expense results from changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities between periods. Deferred tax 
assets are recognized if it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the tax position will be realized or 
sustained  upon  examination.  The  term  more  likely  than  not  means  a  likelihood  of  more  than  50  percent;  the  terms 
examined and upon examination also include resolution of the related appeals or litigation processes, if any. A tax position 
that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is initially and subsequently measured as the largest amount of 
tax benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement with a taxing authority that has 
full knowledge of all relevant information. The determination of whether or not a tax position has met the more-likely-
than-not recognition threshold considers the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date and is 
subject to management’s judgment. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of 
evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.   

The results for the year ended December 31, 2017 include the effect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act), which 
was signed into law on December 22, 2017.  Among other things, the Tax Act permanently lowers the federal corporate 
income tax rate to 21% from the maximum rate prior to the passage of the Tax Act of 35%, effective January 1, 2018.  
As a result of the reduction of the federal corporate tax rate, U.S. GAAP requires companies to re-measure their deferred 
tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, including those accounted for in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), 
as of the date of the Tax Act’s enactment and record the corresponding effects in income tax expense in the fourth quarter 
of 2017.  The Company recognized a $811 reduction in the value of its net deferred tax asset and recorded a corresponding 
incremental  income  tax  expense  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  statement  of  income  for  2017.    The  Company’s 
evaluation of the effect of the Tax Act is considered a preliminary estimate and is subject to refinement for up to one 
year.  No material adjustment is anticipated.  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Income Taxes, continued 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense. 

Loans Held for Investment 

The Company, through its banking subsidiary, provides mortgage, commercial, and consumer loans to customers. A 
substantial  portion  of  the  loan  portfolio  is  represented  by  mortgage  loans, particularly  commercial  and  residential 
mortgages. The ability of the Company’s debtors to honor their contracts is largely dependent upon the real estate and 
general economic conditions in the Company’s market area.  

Loans  that  management  has  the  intent  and  ability  to  hold  for  the  foreseeable  future  or  until  maturity  or  pay-off, 
generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance adjusted for the allowance for loan losses, and any 
unearned income.  Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance.  The accrual of interest on loans is 
generally discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the credit is well-secured and in process of 
collection.   Loans  are  typically  charged  off  when  the  loan  is  120  days  past  due,  unless  secured  and  in  process  of 
collection.  Loans are placed on nonaccrual status or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest 
is considered doubtful. 

The Company’s loans are grouped into eleven segments: construction/land development, farmland, real estate, multi-
family, commercial real estate, home equity – closed end, home equity – open end, commercial & industrial – non-
real  estate,  consumer,  credit  cards  and  dealer  finance.  Each  segment  is  subject  to  certain  risks  that  influence  the 
establishment  of  pricing,  loan  structures,  approval  requirements,  reserves,  and  ongoing  credit  management.    The 
Company does not segregate the portfolio further. 

Construction and land development loans are subject to general risks from changing commercial building and housing 
market trends and economic conditions that may impact demand for completed properties and the costs of completion.  
Completed  properties  that  do  not  sell  or  become  leased  within  originally  expected  timeframes  may  impact  the 
borrower’s ability to service the debt.  These risks are measured by market-area unemployment rates, bankruptcy rates, 
housing and commercial building market trends, and interest rates. Risks specific to the borrower are also evaluated, 
including  previous  repayment  history,  debt  service  ability,  and  current  and  projected  loan-to  value  ratios  for  the 
collateral. 

Farmland loans are loans secured by agricultural property.  These loans are subject to risks associated with the value 
of the underlying farmland and the cash flows of the borrower’s farming operations. 

Multifamily loans are loans secured by multi-unit residential property.  These loans are subject to risks associated with 
the value of the underlying property as well as the successful operation and management of the property. 

Real estate loans are for consumer residential real estate where the credit quality is subject to risks associated with the 
borrower’s  repayment  ability  and  collateral  value,  measured  generally  by  analyzing  local  unemployment  and 
bankruptcy trends, and local housing market trends and interest rates. Risks specific to a borrower are determined by 
previous repayment history, loan-to-value ratios, and debt-to-income ratios.  

The commercial real estate segment includes loans secured by commercial real estate occupied by the owner/borrower, 
and  commercial  real  estate  leased  to  non-owners.  Loans  in  the  commercial  real  estate  segment  are  impacted  by 
economic  risks  from  changing  commercial  real  estate  markets,  rental  markets  for  commercial  buildings,  business 
bankruptcy rates, local unemployment rates and interest rate trends that would impact the businesses housed by the 
commercial real estate.   

The Company’s home-equity loan portfolios (closed end and open end) carry risks associated with the creditworthiness 
of  the  borrower  and  changes  in  loan-to-value  ratios.    The  Company  manages  these  risks  through  policies  and 
procedures  such  as  limiting  loan-to-value  at  origination,  experienced  underwriting,  and  requiring  standards  for 
appraisers. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Loans Held for Investment, continued 

Commercial and industrial non-real estate loans are secured by collateral other than real estate or are unsecured. Credit 
risk for commercial non-real estate loans is subject to economic conditions, generally monitored by local business 
bankruptcy trends, interest rates, and borrower repayment ability and collateral value (if secured). 

Consumer non-real estate includes non-dealer financed automobile loans and other consumer loans. Certain consumer 
loans are unsecured, while collateral is obtained for automobile loans and other consumer loans. Credit risk stems 
primarily from the borrower’s ability to repay.  If the loan is secured, the Company analyzes loan-to-value ratios.  All 
consumer non-real estate loans are analyzed for debt-to-income ratios and previous credit history, as well as for general 
risks for the portfolio, including local unemployment rates, personal bankruptcy rates and interest rates. 

Credit  card  loan  portfolios  carry  risks  associated  with  the  creditworthiness  of  the  borrower  and  changes  in  the 
economic  environment.    The  Company  manages  these  risks  through  policies  and  procedures  such  as  experienced 
underwriting, maximum debt to income ratios, and minimum borrower credit scores. 

Dealer finance lending generally carries certain risks associated with the values of the collateral and borrower’s ability 
to repay the loan.  The Company focuses its dealer finance lending on used vehicles where substantial depreciation 
has already occurred thereby minimizing the risk of significant loss of collateral values in the future.  

Interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual status or charged-off is reversed against 
interest income.  The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash basis or cost recovery method, until qualifying 
for  return  to  accrual  status.   Loans  are  returned  to  accrual  status  when  all  the  principal  and  interest  amounts 
contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. 

A loan is considered past due when a payment of principal or interest or both is due but not paid.  Management closely 
monitors past due loans in timeframes of 30-59 days, 60-89 days, and 90 or more days past due. 

These policies apply to all loan portfolio segments. 

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be 
unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the 
loan  agreement.  Factors  considered  by  management  in  determining  impairment  include  payment  status,  collateral 
value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience 
insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines 
the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the 
circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the 
borrower's  prior  payment  record,  and  the  amount  of  the  shortfall  in  relation  to  the  principal  and  interest 
owed.  Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for commercial and construction loans by either the present 
value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the loan's obtainable market price, 
or  the  fair  value  of  the  collateral  if  the  loan  is  collateral  dependent.  Troubled  debt  restructurings  are  considered 
impaired loans. 

Loans Held for Sale 

These loans consist of fixed rate loans made through the Company’s subsidiary, VBS Mortgage, and loans purchased 
from Northpointe Bank, Grand Rapids, MI. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Loans Held for Sale, continued 

VBS Mortgage originates conforming mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market. These loans consist primarily of 
fixed-rate, single-family residential mortgage loans which meet the underwriting characteristics of the investors. VBS 
enters into mortgage loan commitments whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding (rate lock 
commitments).  

The period of time between issuance of a loan commitment and sale of the loan generally ranges from two to three 
weeks. VBS protects itself from changes in interest rates through the use of best efforts forward delivery contracts, by 
committing to sell a loan at the time the borrower commits to an interest rate with the intent that the buyer has assumed 
the interest rate risk on the loan.  As a result, the Company is not generally exposed to significant losses nor will it 
realize significant gains related to its rate lock commitments due to changes in interest rates.  The correlation between 
the rate lock commitments and the best efforts contracts is very high due to their similarity. The market value of rate 
lock commitments and best efforts contracts is not readily ascertainable with precision because rate lock commitments 
and best efforts contracts are not actively traded in stand-alone markets.  VBS determines the fair value of rate lock 
commitments and best efforts contracts by measuring the change in the estimated value of the underlying assets while 
taking into consideration the probability that the loan will be funded. The fair value of rate lock commitments and best 
efforts contracts was considered immaterial at December 31, 2017 and 2016.  The average time on the line is two or 
three  weeks.  These  loans  are  pre-sold  with  servicing  released  and  no  interest  is  retained  after  the  loans  are 
sold. Because  of  the  short  holding  period,  these  loans  are  carried  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  market  and  no  market 
adjustments were deemed necessary in 2017, 2016, or 2015. Gains on sales of loans and commission expense are 
recognized at the loan closing date and are included in mortgage banking income, net on the Company’s consolidated 
income statement. 

The  Bank  participates  in  a  Mortgage  Purchase  Program  with  Northpointe  Bank  (Northpointe),  a  Michigan  banking 
corporation. Pursuant to the terms of a participation agreement, the Bank purchases participation interests in loans made 
by Northpointe related to fully underwritten and pre-sold mortgage loans originated by various prescreened mortgage 
loan  originators  located  throughout  the  United  States.  A  takeout  commitment  is  in  place  at  the  time  the  loans  are 
purchased.  The Bank has participated in similar arrangements since 2003 as a higher yielding alternative to federal funds 
sold or investment securities.  These loans are short-term, residential real estate loans that have an average life in our 
portfolio of approximately two weeks. The Bank holds these loans during the period of time between loan closing and 
when the loan is paid off by the ultimate secondary market purchaser. As of December 31, 2017, and 2016, there were 
$36,130 and $62,550 million of these loans included in loans held for sale on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. 

Troubled Debt Restructuring 

In situations where, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower's financial condition, management may grant 
a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider, the related loan is classified as a troubled debt 
restructuring ("TDR").  Management strives to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and work with them to 
modify their loan to more affordable terms before their loan reaches nonaccrual status.  These modified terms may 
include  rate  reductions,  principal  forgiveness,  payment  forbearance  and  other  actions  intended  to  minimize  the 
economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral.  In cases where borrowers are granted new 
terms  that  provide  for  a  reduction  of  either  interest  or  principal,  management  measures  any  impairment  on  the 
restructuring as noted above for impaired loans.  The Company has $7.8 million in loans classified as TDRs that are 
current and performing as of December 31, 2017, and $9.8 million as of December 31, 2016. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Allowance for Loan and Losses 

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of probable losses inherent in the Company’s loan 
portfolio. A provision for estimated losses is charged to earnings to establish and maintain the allowance for loan 
losses at a level reflective of the estimated credit risk. When management determines that a loan balance or portion of 
a loan balance is not collectible, the loss is charged against the allowance. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited 
to the allowance. 

Management’s determination of the adequacy of the allowance is based on an evaluation of the composition of the 
loan portfolio, the value and adequacy of collateral, current economic conditions, historical loan loss experience, and 
other risk factors. Management evaluates the allowance each quarter through a methodology that estimates losses on 
individual impaired loans and evaluates the effect of numerous factors on the credit risk of each segment of loans. 

The Company’s allowance for loan losses has two basic components: the general allowance and the specific allowance.  
Each of these components is determined based upon estimates and judgments. The general allowance uses historical loss 
experience  as  an  indicator  of  future  losses,  along  with  various  qualitative  factors,  including  levels  and  trends  in 
delinquencies, nonaccrual loans, charge-offs and recoveries, trends in volume and terms of loans, effects of changes in 
underwriting standards, experience of lending staff, economic conditions, and portfolio concentrations.  

Except for credit card and dealer finance loans, all loans are assigned an internal risk rating based on certain credit quality 
indicators.  Credit  card,  consumer  and  dealer  finance  loans  are  monitored  based  on  payment  activity.  Loss  rates  are 
amplified for loans with adverse risk ratings that are not considered impaired. In the general allowance, the historical loss 
rate is combined with the qualitative factors, resulting in an adjusted loss factor for each segment of loans.  The period-
end balances for each loan segment are multiplied by the adjusted loss factor. Historical loss rates are combined with 
qualitative  factors  resulting  in  an  adjusted  loss  factor  for  each  segment.  Specific  allowances  are  established  for 
individually-evaluated impaired loans based on the excess of the loan balance relative to the fair value of the collateral, 
if the loan is deemed collateral dependent.  

Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate. While management uses available information to 
recognize  losses  on  loans,  future  additions  to  the  allowance  may  be  necessary  based  on  changes  in  economic 
conditions, particularly those affecting real estate values. In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their 
examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the 
Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the 
time of their examination. 

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO) 

OREO is held for sale and represents real estate acquired through or in lieu of foreclosure. OREO is initially recorded 
at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. Physical possession of residential real 
estate  property  collateralizing  a  consumer  mortgage  loan  occurs  when  legal  title  is  obtained  upon  completion  of 
foreclosure or when the borrower conveys all interest in the property to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed 
in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement. The Company’s policy is to carry OREO on its balance 
sheet at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell.  If fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure, a 
valuation allowance is recorded through expense.  Operating costs after acquisition are expensed.  

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2      SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED):  

Bank Premises and Equipment 

Land is carried at cost and bank premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation 
is charged to income over the estimated useful lives of the assets on a combination of the straight-line and accelerated 
methods.  The ranges of the useful lives of the premises and equipment are as follows: 

Premises and Improvements 
Furniture and Equipment 

10 - 40 years 
5 - 20 years 

Maintenance, repairs, and minor improvements are charged to operations as incurred. Gains and losses on dispositions 
are reflected in other income or expense. 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets 

The Company accounts for goodwill and intangible assets under ASC 805, “Business Combinations” and ASC 350, 
“Intangibles”, respectively. Goodwill is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair 
value-based test.  Additionally, acquired intangible assets are separately recognized if the benefit of the assets can be 
sold,  transferred,  licensed,  rented,  or  exchanged,  and  amortized  over  their  useful  lives.    The  Company  recorded 
goodwill and intangible assets in 2017 related to the purchase of VS Title which was valued by an independent third 
party.  The Company records as goodwill the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets 
acquired.  Impairment  testing  is  performed  annually,  as  well  as  when  an  event  triggering  impairment  may  have 
occurred. The Company performs its annual analysis as of December 31 each fiscal year. Accounting guidance permits 
preliminary assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether a more substantial impairment testing is required. 
The Company chose to bypass the preliminary assessment and utilized a two-step process for impairment testing of 
goodwill.  The  first  step  tests  for  impairment,  while  the  second  step,  if  necessary,  measures  the  impairment.   No 
indicators of impairment were identified during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015. 

Pension Plans 

The Bank has a qualified noncontributory defined benefit pension plan which covers all full-time employees hired prior 
to April 1, 2012.  The benefits are primarily based on years of service and earnings.  The Company complies with ASC 
325-960  “Defined  Benefit  Pension  Plans”  which  requires  recognition  of  the  over-funded  or  under-funded  status  of 
pension and other postretirement benefit plans on the balance sheet. Under ASC 325-960, gains and losses, prior service 
costs and credits, and any remaining transition amounts that have not yet been recognized through net periodic benefit 
cost will be recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax effects, until they are amortized as a 
component of net periodic cost.   

Advertising Costs 

The Company follows the policy of charging the cost of advertising to expense as incurred. Total advertising costs 
included in other operating expenses for 2017, 2016, and 2015 were $507, $496, and $452, respectively. 

Bank Owned Life Insurance 

The Company has purchased life insurance policies on certain employees. Bank owned life insurance is recorded at 
the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender 
value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Transfers of Financial Assets 

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered.  Control 
over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company – put 
presumptively  beyond  reach  of  the  transferor  and  its  creditors,  even  in  bankruptcy  or  other  receivership,  (2)  the 
transferee  obtains  the  right  (free  of  conditions  that  constrain  it  from  taking  advantage  of  that  right)  to  pledge  or 
exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets 
through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity or the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return 
specific assets. 

Comprehensive Income 

Comprehensive income is shown in a two-statement approach, the first statement presents total net income and its 
components followed by a second statement that presents all the components of other comprehensive income such as 
unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities and changes in the funded status of a defined benefit pension 
plan. 

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”).  The Company early adopted this new standard in the current year. ASU 2018-02 
requires reclassification from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the impact of the newly 
enacted federal corporate tax rate on items included in AOCI.  The amount of the reclassification in 2017 was $682. 

Derivative Financial Instruments  

Under ASC 815, the gain or loss on a derivative designated and qualifying as a fair value hedging instrument, as well as 
the offsetting gain or loss on the hedging item attributable to the risk being hedged, is recognized currently in earnings 
in the same accounting period.  The effective portion of the gain or loss on a derivative designated and qualifying as a 
cash  flow  hedging  instrument  is  initially  reported  as  a  component  of other  comprehensive  income  and  subsequently 
reclassified  into  earnings  in  the  same  period  or  periods  during  which  the  hedged  transaction  affects  earnings.    The 
ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument, if any, is recognized currently in earnings. 

Interest rate derivative financial instruments receive hedge accounting treatment only if they are designated as a hedge 
and are expected to be, and are, effective in substantially reducing interest rate risk arising from the assets and liabilities 
identified as exposing the Company to risk.  Those derivative financial instruments that do not meet the hedging criteria 
discussed below would be classified as trading activities and would be recorded at fair value with changes in fair value 
recorded in income.  Derivative hedge contracts must meet specific effectiveness tests.  Changes in fair value of the 
derivative financial instruments must be effective at offsetting changes in the fair value of the hedging items due to the 
designated hedge risk during the term of the hedge.  Further, if the underlying financial instrument differs from the hedged 
asset or liability, there must be a clear economic relationship between the prices of the two financial instruments.  If 
periodic assessment indicates derivatives no longer provide an effective hedge, the derivatives contracts would be closed 
out and settled or classified as a trading activity. 

Loss Contingencies 

Loss  contingencies,  including  claims  and  legal  actions  arising  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  are  recorded  as 
liabilities  when  the  likelihood  of  loss  is  probable,  and  an  amount  or  range  of  loss  can  be  reasonably  estimated. 
Management does not believe there now are such matters that will have a material effect on the consolidated financial 
statements. 

Fair Value Measurements 

The Company follows the provisions of ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” for financial 
assets  and  financial  liabilities.    ASC  820  defines  fair  value,  establishes  a  framework  for  measuring  fair  value  in 
generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.   

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Reclassifications 

Certain reclassifications have been made in prior years’ financial statements to conform to classifications used in the 
current year. The reclassification adjustments related to our consolidation of VBS and the classification of individual 
line items in a manner consistent with the rest of the Company on the income statement.  These reclassifications had 
no impact on net income or earnings per share.  

Earnings per Share 
Accounting  guidance  specifies  the  computation,  presentation  and  disclosure  requirements  for  earnings  per  share 
(“EPS”) for entities with publicly held common stock or potential common stock such as options, warrants, convertible 
securities  or  contingent  stock  agreements  if  those  securities  trade  in  a  public  market.  Basic  EPS  is  computed  by 
dividing  net  income  available  to  common  stockholders  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares 
outstanding.  Diluted  EPS  is  similar  to  the  computation  of  basic  EPS  except  that  the  denominator  is  increased  to 
include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive common shares had 
been issued.  The dilutive effect of conversion of preferred stock is reflected in the diluted earnings per common share 
calculation. 

Net income available to common stockholders represents consolidated net income adjusted for preferred dividends 
declared.  

The following table provides a reconciliation of net income to net income available to common stockholders for the 
periods presented: 

 Dollars in thousands 
Earnings Available to Common Stockholders: 

December 31, 
2017 

For the year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

December 31, 
2015 

Net Income 

$                    9,041   $                    9,762   $                    8,581 

Minority interest attributable to noncontrolling interest 

                           31  

                         194  

                         164  

Dividends paid/accumulated on preferred stock 

                         415  

                         487  

                         510  

Net Income Available to Common Stockholders 

$                    8,595  $                    9,081  $                    7,907  
The following table shows the effect of dilutive preferred stock conversion on the Company's earnings per share for 
the periods indicated:  

December 31, 2017 

Year ended 

December 31, 2016 

December 31, 2015 

Net Income 
Available to 
Common 
Stockholders 

Weighted 
Average 
Shares 

Per 
Share 
Amounts 

Net Income 
Available to 
Common 
Stockholders 

Weighted 
Average 
Shares 

Per 
Share 
Amounts 

Net Income 
Available to 
Common 
Stockholders 

Weighted 
Average 
Shares 

Per 
Share 
Amounts 

$          8,595 

3,269,713 

 $    2.63   $           9,081  

3,282,335 

 $    2.77  

 $          7,907  

3,290,812  

 $     2.40  

                415 

   362,271 

     (0.15)  

                487 

   434,256 

     (0.20)  

                510  

444,400  

     (0.15)  

 Dollars in 
thousands 

Basic EPS 
Effect of Dilutive 
Securities: 
     Convertible 
Preferred Stock 

Diluted EPS 

$           9,010  

3,631,984 

 $    2.48  $           9,568  

3,716,591 

 $    2.57  $           8,417  

3,735,212   $      2.25  

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
             
             
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
   
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Topic 606.” This ASU 
revised guidance for the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of revenue from contracts with customers. The 
original  guidance  has  been  amended  through  subsequent  accounting  standard  updates  that  resulted  in  technical 
corrections, improvements, and a one-year deferral of the effective date to January 1, 2018. The guidance, as amended, 
is applicable to all entities and, once effective, will replace significant portions of existing industry and transaction-
specific  revenue  recognition  rules  with  a  more  principles-based  recognition  model.  Most  revenue  associated  with 
financial instruments, including interest income, loan origination fees, and credit card fees, is outside the scope of the 
guidance.  Gains  and  losses  on  investment  securities,  derivatives,  and  sales  of  financial  instruments  are  similarly 
excluded from the scope. Entities can elect to adopt the guidance either on a full or modified retrospective basis. Full 
retrospective  adoption  will  require  a  cumulative  effect  adjustment  to  retained  earnings  as  of  the  beginning  of  the 
earliest comparative period presented. Modified retrospective adoption will require a cumulative effect adjustment to 
retained earnings as of the beginning of the reporting period in which the entity first applies the new guidance. The 
Company plans to adopt this guidance on the effective date, January 1, 2018 via the modified retrospective approach. 
The Company is in the process of completing its assessment the impact that adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on 
its consolidated financial statements. 

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition 
and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.”  The amendments in ASU 2016-01, among other 
things: 1) Requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those 
that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net 
income. 2) Requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial 
instruments for disclosure purposes. 3) Requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by 
measurement  category  and  form  of  financial  asset  (i.e.,  securities  or  loans  and  receivables).  4)  Eliminates  the 
requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair 
value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. The amendments in this 
ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods 
within those fiscal years.  The Company is currently assessing the impact that adoption of ASU 2016-01 will have on 
its consolidated financial statements by contracting with a third party vendor. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” Among other things, in the amendments 
in ASU 2016-02, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term 
leases) at the commencement date: (1) A lease liability, which is a lessee‘s obligation to make lease payments arising 
from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) A right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s 
right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is 
largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the 
lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The amendments in this ASU are 
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early 
application is permitted upon issuance. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct 
financing,  and  operating  leases)  must  apply  a  modified  retrospective  transition  approach  for  leases  existing  at,  or 
entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified 
retrospective  approach  would  not  require  any  transition  accounting  for  leases  that  expired  before  the  earliest 
comparative  period  presented.  Lessees  and  lessors  may  not  apply  a  full  retrospective  transition  approach.  The 
Company is currently assessing the impact that ASU 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements by 
gathering data on current lease agreements and analyzing the capital impact of expected right of use assets that will 
be recorded.  No changes are expected regarding total lease expense.  

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements, continued 

During March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-05, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Effect of Derivative 
Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships.” The amendments in this ASU clarify that a change 
in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as the hedging instrument does not, in and of 
itself,  require  de-designation  of  that  hedging  relationship  provided  that  all  other  hedge  accounting  criteria  remain 
intact.  The  amendments  in  this  ASU  are  effective  for  financial  statements  issued  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after 
December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in 
an  interim  period.  The  Company  does  not  expect  the  adoption  of  ASU  2016-05  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its 
consolidated financial statements. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): 
Simplifying  the  Transition  to  the  Equity  Method  of  Accounting.”  The  amendments  in  this  ASU  eliminate  the 
requirement that when an investment qualifies for use of the equity method as a result of an increase in the level of 
ownership interest or degree of influence, an investor must adjust the investment, results of operations, and retained 
earnings retroactively on a step-by-step basis as if the equity method had been in effect during all previous periods 
that the investment had been held. The amendments require that the equity method investor add the cost of acquiring 
the additional interest in the investee to the current basis of the investor’s previously held interest and adopt the equity 
method of accounting as of the date the investment becomes qualified for equity method accounting. Therefore, upon 
qualifying for the equity method of accounting, no retroactive adjustment of the investment is required.  In addition, 
the amendments in this ASU require that an entity that has an available-for-sale equity security that becomes qualified 
for the equity method of accounting recognize through earnings the unrealized holding gain or loss in accumulated 
other  comprehensive  income  at  the  date  the  investment  becomes  qualified  for  use  of  the  equity  method.  The 
amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after 
December 15, 2016. The amendments should be applied prospectively upon their effective date to increases in the 
level of ownership interest or degree of influence that result in the adoption of the equity method. Early Adoption is 
permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-07 to have a material impact on its consolidated 
financial statements. 

During  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13,  “Financial  Instruments  –  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326): 
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.”  The amendments in this ASU, among other things, require 
the  measurement  of  all  expected  credit  losses  for  financial  assets  held  at  the  reporting  date  based  on  historical 
experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations 
will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Many of the loss estimation 
techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full 
amount of expected credit losses. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale 
debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. The amendments in this ASU are effective for 
SEC filers for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. For 
public companies that are not SEC filers, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods 
within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently assessing the impact that 
ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements and has formed a Current Expected Credit Losses 
steering committee that is researching methods and models.  

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements, continued 

During August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of 
Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments”, to address diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are 
presented and classified in the statement of cash flows.  The amendments are effective for public business entities for 
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should 
be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If retrospective application is impractical 
for some of the issues addressed by the update, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of 
the earliest date practicable.  Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period.  The Company does 
not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-15 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

During  January  2017,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2017-01,  “Business  Combinations  (Topic  805):  Clarifying  the 
Definition of a Business”. The amendments in this ASU clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding 
guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) 
of  assets  or  businesses.  Under  the  current  implementation  guidance  in  Topic  805,  there  are  three  elements  of  a 
business—inputs, processes, and outputs. While an integrated set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a 
“set”) that is a business usually has outputs, outputs are not required to be present. In addition, all the inputs and 
processes that a seller uses in operating a set are not required if market participants can acquire the set and continue 
to produce outputs. The amendments in this ASU provide a screen to determine when a set is not a business. If the 
screen is not met, the amendments (1) require that to be considered a business, a set must include, at a minimum, an 
input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output and (2) remove the 
evaluation of whether a market participant could replace missing elements. The ASU provides a framework to assist 
entities in evaluating whether both an input and a substantive process are present. The amendments in this ASU are 
effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. 
The amendments in this ASU should be applied prospectively on or after the effective date. No disclosures are required 
at transition. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-01 to have a material impact on its consolidated 
financial statements. 

During  January  2017,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2017-04,  “Intangibles  –  Goodwill  and  Other  (Topic  350): 
Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment”. The amendments in this ASU simplify how an entity is required to 
test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill 
impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that 
goodwill.  Instead,  under  the  amendments  in  this  ASU,  an  entity  should  perform  its  annual,  or  interim,  goodwill 
impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity still has the option 
to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. 
Public business entities that are U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filers should adopt the amendments 
in this ASU for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Public 
business entities that are not SEC filers should adopt the amendments in this ASU for annual or interim goodwill 
impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual 
goodwill  impairment  tests  performed  on  testing  dates  after  January  1,  2017.  The  Company  does  not  expect  the 
adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

During March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, “Compensation — Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving 
the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.”  The amendments in this 
ASU require an employer that offers defined benefit pension plans, other postretirement benefit plans, or other types 
of benefits accounted for under Topic 715 to report the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost in the same 
line item(s) as other compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period.  The other components of 
net  periodic  benefit  cost  are  required  to  be  presented  in  the  income  statement  separately  from  the  service  cost 
component. If the other components of net periodic benefit cost are not presented on a separate line or lines, the line 
item(s) used in the income statement must be disclosed.  In addition, only the service cost component will be eligible 
for capitalization as part of an asset, when applicable.  The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning 
after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods.  Early adoption is permitted.  The 
Company  does  not  expect  the  adoption  of  ASU  2017-07  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 2  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED): 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements, continued 

‐

‐

08, “Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 
During March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017
310
20), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities.” The amendments in this ASU shorten the 
amortization  period  for  certain  callable  debt  securities  purchased  at  a  premium.  Upon  adoption  of  the  standard, 
premiums  on  these  qualifying  callable  debt  securities  will  be  amortized  to  the  earliest  call  date.    Discounts  on 
purchased  debt  securities  will  continue  to  be  accreted  to  maturity.  The  amendments  are  effective  for  fiscal  years 
beginning  after  December  15,  2018,  and  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.    Early  adoption  is  permitted, 
including adoption in an interim period. Upon transition, entities should apply the guidance on a modified retrospective 
basis,  with  a  cumulative-effect  adjustment  to  retained  earnings  as  of  the  beginning  of  the  period  of  adoption  and 
provide the disclosures required for a change in accounting principle. Given the composition of our securities portfolio, 
the Company does not expect that adoption of  ASU 2017
08 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial 
statements. 

‐

09,  “Compensation – Stock  Compensation  (Topic 718):  Scope of 
During  May  2017,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2017
Modification  Accounting.”  The  amendments  provide  guidance  on  determining  which  changes  to  the  terms  and 
conditions of share-based payment awards require an entity to apply modification accounting under Topic 718.  The 
amendments are effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after 
December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for reporting periods for 
which  financial  statements  have  not  yet  been  issued.  Given  the  Company  historically  has  not  issued  stock  based 
compensation,  the  Company  does  not  expect  the  adoption  of    ASU  2017
09  will  have  a  material  impact  on  its 
consolidated financial statements. 

‐

‐

During August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements 
to  Accounting  for  Hedging  Activities.”    The  amendments  in  this  ASU  modify  the  designation  and  measurement 
guidance for hedge accounting as well as provide for increased transparency regarding the presentation of economic 
results on both the financial statements and related footnotes.  Certain aspects of hedge effectiveness assessments will 
also be simplified upon implementation of this update.   The amendments are effective for annual periods, including 
interim  periods  within  those  annual  periods,  beginning  after  December  15,  2018.    Early  adoption  is  permitted, 
including adoption in any interim period.  The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-12 to have a 
material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

During  February  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2018-02,  “Income  Statement  –  Reporting  Comprehensive  Income 
(Topic  220):  Reclassification  of  Certain  Tax  Effects  from  Accumulated  Other  Comprehensive  Income.”  The 
amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated 
other comprehensive income to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal 
corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded.  The amendments are effective 
for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years.  
Early adoption is permitted. Organizations should apply the proposed amendments either in the period of adoption or 
retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax 
rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized.  The Company has elected to reclassify the stranded income tax effects 
from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in the consolidated financial statements for the period ending December 31, 2017.  
The amount of this reclassification in 2017 was $811.    

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 3 

CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS: 

The  Bank  is  required  to  maintain  average  reserve  balances  based  on  a  percentage  of  deposits.    Due  to  the  deposit 
reclassification procedures implemented by the Bank, there is no Federal Reserve Bank reserve requirement for the years 
ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.  

NOTE 4 

SECURITIES: 

The amortized cost and fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, of securities held to maturity were as follows: 

December 31, 2017 

U. S. Treasuries 

December 31, 2016 

U. S. Treasuries 

Amortized Cost 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair Value 

 $                      125 

 $                 -      $              -   $              125 

 $                      125 

 $                 -      $              -   $              125 

The amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale are as follows:  

Amortized Cost 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair Value 

December 31, 2017 

U. S. Treasuries 

U. S. Government sponsored enterprises 
Mortgage-backed obligations of federal 
agencies 

 $                 19,998 

 $                 -      $              -  

 $        19,998 

7,999 

                     - 

19  

7,980 

                  508 

                -  

                 6    

         502  

Equity securities 

                         135  

                   -   

                 -                     135  

Total Securities Available for Sale 

$                  28,640           $                  -  $             25   $         28,615  

December 31, 2016 

U. S. Treasuries 
Mortgage-backed obligations of federal 
agencies 

 $                 24,005 

 $                 9      $              -  

 $ 24,014 

                  634 

                -  

                 -    

         634  

Equity securities 

                         135 

                   -   

                 -                    135  

Total Securities Available for Sale 

$                  24,774  $                  9 

$               -   $         24,783  

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
                              
                 
                     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 4 

SECURITIES (CONTINUED): 

The amortized cost and fair value of securities at December 31, 2017, by contractual maturity are shown below.  Expected 
maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with 
or without call or prepayment penalties. 

Securities Held to Maturity 

Securities Available for Sale 

Amortized 
Cost 

Fair 
Value 

Amortized 
Cost 

Fair Value 

Due in one year or less 

$                  125     $          125      $          19,998  

 $       19,998  

Due after one year through five years 

            - 

  -  

               7,999                 7,980    

Due after five years through ten years 

                         -    

              -    

           508  

       502  

Due after ten years 

Total 

                         -    

              -                       135  

               135  

$                  125   $          125   $           28,640   $        28,615  

There were no sales of debt or equity securities during 2017, 2016 or 2015.   

There were no pledged securities at December 31, 2017 or 2016.  

Other investments consist of investments in twenty low-income housing and historic equity partnerships (carrying basis 
of $7,406), stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank (carrying basis of $3,627), and various other investments (carrying 
basis of $1,470).  The interests in the low-income housing and historic equity partnerships have limited transferability 
and the interests in the other stocks are restricted as to sales.  The market values of these securities are estimated to 
approximate their carrying values as of December 31, 2017.   At December 31, 2017, the Company was committed to 
invest an additional $4,231 in six low-income housing limited partnerships.  These funds will be paid as requested by the 
general partner to complete the projects.  This additional investment has been reflected in the above carrying basis and 
in accrued liabilities on the balance sheet. 

The primary purpose of the investment portfolio is to generate income and meet liquidity needs of the Company through 
readily saleable financial instruments.  The portfolio includes fixed rate bonds, whose prices move inversely with rates 
and variable rate bonds.  At the end of any accounting period, the investment portfolio has unrealized gains and losses.  
The Company monitors the portfolio, which is subject to liquidity needs, market rate changes and credit risk changes for 
other than temporary impairment.  The primary concern in a loss situation is the credit quality of the business behind the 
instrument. Bonds deteriorate in value due to credit quality of the individual issuer and changes in market conditions.   

A summary of unrealized losses (in thousands) and the length of time in a continuous loss position, by security type of 
December 31, 2017 were as follows: 

Less than 12 Months 

More than 12 Months 

Total 

Fair 
Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

December 31, 2017 

U. S. Government sponsored enterprises 
Mortgage-backed obligations of federal 
agencies 

$  3,981   $        (19)  $              -   $               -  $      3,981   $            (19) 

       502 

            (6) 

                - 

                 - 

           502 

                (6) 

Total 

$  4,483  $        (25) 

$              -   $               -  $      4,483   $            (25) 

As of December 31, 2016, there were no securities in an unrealized loss position.  

61 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 4 

SECURITIES (CONTINUED): 

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently 
when economic or market conditions warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the 
extent to which the fair value has been less than the cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, 
and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow 
for any anticipated recovery of fair value.  The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is more likely than 
not that the Company will not be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost.  As of December 
31, 2017, the Company had two agencies and a mortgage backed security that were temporarily impaired due to rising 
interest rates not the credit quality of the security.  There were no securities that had been in an unrealized loss position 
for more than twelve months. The Company did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairment losses in 2017, 2016 
or 2015.   

NOTE 5 

LOANS: 

Loans held for investment as of December 31, 2017, and 2016 were as follows: 

Construction/Land Development 
Farmland 
Real Estate 
Multi-Family 
Commercial Real Estate 
Home Equity – closed end 
Home Equity – open end 
Commercial & Industrial – Non-Real Estate 
Consumer 
Dealer Finance 
Credit Cards 
Total 

2016 
2017 
$                      76,172 
$                     71,620 
12,901 
         13,606  
172,758 
       184,546  
                  7,605 
         10,298  
150,061 
       148,906  
11,453 
           11,606  
54,420 
         54,739  
              31,306 
         36,912  
6,643 
           6,633  
             65,495 
           75,169  
                          2,822 
                         2,939  
$                    616,974  $                    591,636 

The Company has pledged loans held for investment as collateral for borrowings with the Federal Home Loan Bank of 
Atlanta totaling $218,323 and $199,401 as of December 31, 2017, and 2016, respectively.  The Company maintains a 
blanket lien on its entire residential real estate portfolio and certain commercial and home equity loans. 

Loans held for sale consists of loans originated by VBS Mortgage for sale in the secondary  market, and the Bank’s 
commitment  to  purchase  residential  mortgage  loan  Participations  from  Northpointe  Bank.    The  volume  of  loans 
purchased from Northpointe fluctuates due to a number of factors including changes in secondary market rates, which 
affects demand for mortgage loans; the number of participating banks involved in the program; the number of mortgage 
loan originators selling loans to the lead bank and the funding capabilities of the lead bank.  Loans held for sale as of 
December 31, 2017, and 2016 were $39,775 and $62,735, respectively. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 5 

LOANS (CONTINUED): 

The following is a summary of information pertaining to impaired loans (in thousands), as of December 31, 2017 and 
2016:

December 31, 2017 

Unpaid 

December 31, 2016 

Unpaid 

Recorded 

Principal 

Related 

Recorded 

Principal 

Related 

Investment 

Balance 

Allowance 

Investment 

Balance 

Allowance 

Impaired loans without a valuation allowance: 

     Construction/Land Development 
     Farmland 

     Real Estate 

     Multi-Family 

     Commercial Real Estate 

     Home Equity – closed end 

     Home Equity – open end 

     Commercial & Industrial – Non-Real Estate 

     Consumer 
     Credit cards 

     Dealer Finance 

Impaired loans with a valuation allowance 

     Construction/Land Development 

     Farmland 

     Real Estate 

     Multi-Family 

     Commercial Real Estate 

     Home Equity – closed end 

     Home Equity – open end 

     Commercial & Industrial – Non-Real Estate 

     Consumer 

     Credit cards  

     Dealer Finance 

Total impaired loans 

$         4,352  $           5,269 

1,984 

1,273 

- 

1,984 

1,273 

- 

6,229 

             6,229 

- 

- 

- 
             8  

       - 

- 

347 

- 
             8  

       - 

$           -   $       3,296 
- 

$      3,652 

$              -  

- 

           768 

- 

1,958 

- 

347 

- 

768 

-  
-  
-  
-  
-  
-  
-                             
-                   

170 
         13  

1,958 

- 

- 

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

170 
           13  

-                             
-                   

-                  

        -  

        -  

-                  

                  31 

                  31 

             -                   

                 - 

               -  

                -                   

13,877 

          15,141 

- 

6,205 

6,908 

- 

4,998 

- 

1,188 

- 

- 

4,998 

1,661 

6,592 

6,592 

1,853 

- 

1,188 

- 

- 

- 

209 

- 

- 

1,206 

1,206 

- 

952 

- 

952 

                   - 

                   - 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

          -  

- 

221 

- 

60 

- 

- 

- 

          -  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

                - 

                - 

           -  

            - 

           -  

                  47 

                  47 

             12 

              87 

             87 

             20 

6,233 

6,233 

1,882 

8,837 

8,837 

2,154 

$       20,110   $         21,374 

$      1,882   $     15,042  

$   15,745 

$      2,154  

The Recorded Investment is defined as the principal balance less principal payments and charge-offs.   

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
                   
                   
                   
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 5 

LOANS (CONTINUED): 

The following is a summary of the average investment and interest income recognized for impaired loans (dollars in 
thousands): 

Impaired loans without a valuation allowance: 

     Construction/Land Development 
     Farmland 

     Real Estate 

     Multi-Family 

     Commercial Real Estate 

     Home Equity – closed end 

     Home Equity – open end 

     Commercial & Industrial – Non-Real Estate 

     Consumer 
     Credit cards 

     Dealer Finance 

Impaired loans with a valuation allowance 

     Construction/Land Development 

     Farmland 

     Real Estate 

     Multi-Family 

     Commercial Real Estate 

     Home Equity – closed end 

     Home Equity – open end 

     Commercial & Industrial – Non-Real Estate 

     Consumer 

     Credit cards  

     Dealer Finance 

Total impaired loans 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

Average 

Recorded 

Investment 

Interest 

Income 

Average 

Recorded 

Interest 

Income 

Recognized 

Investment 

Recognized 

$                    4,969  $                       382 

$                  2,547 

$                       10 

1,921 

62 

878 

                           57 

- 

1,682 

- 

347 

124 
             10  

       - 

- 

             44 

- 

- 

- 
             -  

       - 

- 

778 

- 

1,087 

- 

- 

           10 

- 

114 

- 

964 

                           2 

174 
         11  

        -  

2 
           -  

        -  

                           24 

                             3 

                         14 

                           1  

9,955 

          548 

5,911 

- 

1,194 

- 

- 

258 

- 

49 

- 

- 

5,575 

8,525 

- 

1,215 

- 

959 

                   - 

                   - 

                   - 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

                   969 

14 

- 

139 

291 

- 

10 

- 

57 

- 

- 

- 

- 

                - 

                - 

                   - 

            - 

                           56 

                             3 

                         77 

                           1 

7,161 

310 

11,759 

359 

$                  17,116   $                       858 

$                17,334   $                     498 

64 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 5 

LOANS (CONTINUED): 

The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment of past due loans (in thousands) as of December 31, 
2017 and 2016: 

30-59 
Days 
Past due 

60-89 
Days 
Past Due 

Greater 
than 90 
Days 

Total Past 
Due 

Current 

Total Loan 
Receivable 

Non-
Accrual 
Loans 

Recorded 
Investment 
>90 days 
& accruing 

$        167 

$    5,459 

$      3,908 

$         9,534  $             62,086     $               71,620  $    3,908 

$                - 

- 
2,858  
179 
544 
- 

- 
       1,954 
- 
- 
25 

- 
560 
- 
- 
- 

- 
5,372 
179 
544 
25 

               13,606 
179,174 
10,119 
148,362 
11,581 

13,606 
184,546 
10,298 
148,906 
11,606 

454 
 108 

165 
         36 

268 
           595 

887 
              739 

53,852                   54,739 
36,173 
36,912 

- 
1,720 
- 
- 
3 

448 
599 

- 
143 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

            43 
1,300 
            30 
$     5,683 

           5 
252 
           8 
$    7,904 

- 

189                      

48 
           1,741 
                39 
$       19,108  $           597,866  $           616,974 

- 
6,585 
6,633 
               73,428 
54 
75,169 
                 2,900                     2,939                  -                     1 
$    6,904  $           198 

- 
           226 

               1 
$      5,521 

December 31, 2017 
Construction/Land 
Development 
Farmland 
Real Estate 
Multi-Family 
Commercial Real Estate 
Home Equity – closed 
end 
Home Equity – open end 
Commercial & Industrial 
– Non- Real Estate 
Consumer 
Dealer Finance 
Credit Cards 
Total 

30-59 
Days Past 
due 

60-89 
Days 
Past 
Due 

Greater 
than 90 
Days) 

Total Past 
Due 

Current 

Total Loan 
Receivable 

Recorded 
Investment 
>90 days 
& 
accruing 

Non-
Accrual 
Loans 

$           73  $      101 

$      2,175 

$           2,349 

$            73,823  $                76,172 

$    2,805  $               - 

- 
2,135  
- 
139 
101 

- 
        746 
- 
- 
- 

- 
           774 
- 
- 

32 

484 

- 

313 

            5 

69 
                - 

- 
3,655 
- 
139 
133 

553 

           318 

12,901 
169,103 
7,605 
149,922 
11,320 

53,867 

30,988 

12,901 
172,758 
7,605 
150,061 
11,453 

54,420 

31,306 

- 
1,399 
- 
- 
32 

279 

70 

- 
81 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

            4 
35 
187 
797 
            4 
              18 
$       4,095  $   1,047 

6 
           183 
                - 
$      3,239 

45 
1,167 
                  22 
$           8,381 

          6,643 
6,598 
65,495 
      64,328 
                    2,822 
                2,800 
$          583,255  $              591,636 

- 
178 

- 
26 
-                       - 
$    4,763  $           107 

December 31, 2016 
Construction/Land 
Development 
Farmland 
Real Estate 
Multi-Family 
Commercial Real Estate 
Home Equity – closed 
end 
Home Equity – open end 

Commercial & Industrial 
– Non- Real Estate 
Consumer 
Dealer Finance 
Credit Cards 
Total 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
               
               
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 6  ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES: 

A summary of changes in the allowance for loan losses (in thousands) for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
is as follows: 

December 31, 2017 

Allowance for loan losses: 

Beginning 
Balance 

Charge-
offs 

Recoveries 

Provision 
for Loan 
Losses 

Ending 
Balance 

Individually 
Evaluated 
for 
Impairment 

Collectively 
Evaluated 
for 
Impairment 

Construction/Land Development 

$          3,381  $             620  $                 -  $        (214)  $      2,547  $            1,661  $               886 

Farmland 

Real Estate 

Multi-Family 

Commercial Real Estate 

Home Equity – closed end 

Home Equity – open end 

 Commercial & Industrial – Non-
Real Estate 
 Consumer 

Dealer Finance 

Credit Cards 

Total 

34 

843 

23 

705 

75 

470 

586 

- 

- 

- 

7 

26 

179 

-                     - 

               (9) 

2 

- 

13 

(126) 

(6) 

(236) 

25                 (27) 

53 

72 

28 

(288) 

(142) 

  178 

1,143               814 

25 

719 

19 

482 

66 

209 

337 

148 

1,440 

-                        25 

209 

- 

- 

- 

510 

19 

482 

66 

-                      209 

- 

- 

12 

337 

148 

1,428 

78 

1,289 

136 

1,806 

                 59 

                 98 

                 37 

               54 

             52                        - 

                   52 

$          7,543  $          2,872  $          1,373  $                -  $      6,044  $            1,882  $            4,162 

December 31, 2016 

Allowance for loan losses: 

Beginning 
Balance 

Charge-
offs 

Recoveries 

Provision 
for Loan 
Losses 

Ending 
Balance 

Individually 
Evaluated 
for 
Impairment 

Collectively 
Evaluated 
for 
Impairment 

Construction/Land Development 

$          4,442  $             356  $                 7  $        (712)  $      3,381  $            1,853  $            1,528 

Farmland 

Real Estate 

Multi-Family 

Commercial Real Estate 

Home Equity – closed end 

Home Equity – open end 

 Commercial & Industrial – Non-
Real Estate 
 Consumer 

Dealer Finance 

Credit Cards 

Total 

95 

806 

71 

445 

174 

634 

1,055 

108 

836 

-                     -                 (61) 

23 

- 

19 

8 

370 

293 

37 

1,081 

4 

- 

135 

56 

(48) 

144 

-                 (91) 

120 

267 

19 

417 

86 

(443) 

  (12) 

1,117 

34 

843 

23 

705 

75 

470 

586 

78 

1,289 

-                        34 

221 

- 

- 

- 

60 

- 

- 

20 

622 

23 

705 

75 

410 

586 

78 

1,269 

               115 

                 74 

                 54 

            (36) 

             59                        - 

                   59 

$          8,781  $          2,261  $          1,023  $                -  $      7,543  $            2,154  $            5,389 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 6 

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED): 

The  following  table  presents  the  recorded  investment  in  loans  (in  thousands)  based  on  impairment  method  as  of 
December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

December 31, 2017 

Loan Receivable 

Individually 
Evaluated for 
Impairment 

Collectively 
Evaluated for 
Impairment 

Construction/Land Development 
Farmland 
Real Estate 
Multi-Family 
Commercial Real Estate 
Home Equity – closed end 
Home Equity –open end 
Commercial & Industrial – Non-Real Estate 
Consumer 
Dealer Finance 
Credit Cards 

Total 

December 31, 2016 

Construction/Land Development 
Farmland 
Real Estate 
Multi-Family 
Commercial Real Estate 
Home Equity – closed end 
Home Equity –open end 
Commercial & Industrial – Non-Real Estate 
Consumer 
Dealer Finance 
Credit Cards 

Total 

$                     71,620 
13,606 
184,546 
10,298 
148,906 
11,606 
54,739 
36,912 
                         6,633 
75,169 
                         2,939 
$                   616,974 

$                9,350 
1,984 
                    2,461 
- 
6,229 
- 
- 
- 
8 
78 
                           - 
$                20,110 

$                    62,270 
11,622 
182,085 
                      10,298 
142,677 
                      11,606 
54,739 
36,912 
6,625 
                      75,091 
                        2,939 
$                  596,864 

Loan Receivable 

$                     76,172 
12,901 
172,758 
7,605 
150,061 
11,453 
54,420 
31,306 
                         6,643 
65,495 
                         2,822 
$                   591,636 

Individually 
Evaluated for 
Impairment 

Collectively 
Evaluated for 
Impairment 

$                9,888 
- 
1,974 
- 
2,910 
- 
- 
170 
13 
87 
                           - 
$                15,042 

$                    66,284 
12,901 
170,784 
7,605 
147,151 
                      11,453 
54,420 
31,136 
6,630 
65,408 
                        2,822 
$                  576,594 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 6 

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED): 

The  following  table  shows  the  Company’s  loan  portfolio  broken  down  by  internal  loan  grade  (in  thousands)  as  of 
December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

 December 31, 2017 
Construction/Land 
Development 
Farmland 
Real Estate 
Multi-Family  
Commercial Real 
Estate 
Home Equity – 
closed end 
Home Equity – open 
end 
Commercial & 
Industrial (Non-Real 
Estate) 
Consumer (excluding 
dealer) 
Total 

Performing 
Non performing 
Total 

Grade 1 
Minimal 
Risk 

Grade 2 
Modest 
Risk 

Grade 3 
Average 
Risk 

Grade 4 
Acceptable 
Risk 

Grade 5 
Marginally 
Acceptable 

Grade 6 
Watch 

Grade 7 
Substandard 

Grade 8 
Doubtful 

Total 

$            -  $     690  $  12,974 
3,153  
53,764  
4,780  

- 
1,512 
228 

63 
-  
     -  

$    30,197  $        9,165  $  3,520  $       15,074 
1,983 
3,270 
- 

4,120 
101,606 
5,111 

3,793 
19,734 
179 

494 
4,660 
- 

        - 

3,525 

45,384  

89,195 

9,012 

       634 

1,156 

 - 

- 

3,535  

5,410 

1,279 

1,379 

235  

1,598 

17,383  

30,888 

3,945 

176 

3 

514 

$            - 
           - 
-  
-  

$  71,620 
    13,606 
184,546  
10,298  

-  

-  

- 

148,906  

11,606  

54,739 

         262  

13,297   
    1,595                         

   19,442 

     1,480 

       207 

              629 

- 

36,912 

       490 
           34 
$       594   $  9,638 

    2,254 
      2,226 
$156,496  $    286,057  $      49,652  $13,324 

          1,065 

             88 

      6,633 
              476 
$       23,105  $            -   $538,866 

              - 

  Credit Cards  Dealer Finance 
  $             2,938  $           75,116 
                    53  
  $             2,939  $           75,169 

                     1 

68 

 
 
 
 
     
               
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 6 

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED): 

 December 31, 2016 
Construction/Land 
Development 
Farmland 
Real Estate 
Multi-Family  
Commercial Real 
Estate 
Home Equity – 
closed end 
Home Equity – open 
end 
Commercial & 
Industrial (Non-Real 
Estate) 
Consumer (excluding 
dealer) 
Total 

Performing 
Non performing 
Total 

Grade 1 
Minimal 
Risk 

Grade 2 
Modest 
Risk 

Grade 3 
Average 
Risk 

Grade 4 
Acceptable 
Risk 

Grade 5 
Marginally 
Acceptable 

Grade 6 
Watch 

Grade 7 
Substandard 

Grade 8 
Doubtful 

Total 

$            -  $  1,478  $  10,870 
3,073  
62,168  
3,009  

- 
1,149 
311 

65 
-  
     -  

$    43,863  $        8,399  $  2,473 
1,861 
4,680 
- 

3,456 
74,242 
4,099 

4,446 
28,266 
186 

$         9,089  $            - 
           - 
- 
-  
2,253 
-  
- 

$  76,172 
    12,901 
172,758  
7,605  

        - 

2,793 

32,986  

91,157 

19,181 

1,840 

2,104 

 - 

150 

3,966  

4,139 

1,746 

1,414 

124  

1,724 

16,415  

30,974 

4,547 

125 

38 

511 

-  

-  

- 

150,061  

11,453  

54,420 

1,375  

    1,267                          

      6,827   

   19,530 

     2,198 

       39 

                70 

- 

31,306 

           67 
       174 
$    1,631   $  9,046 

      1,837 
    2,252 
$141,151  $    272,065  $      70,211  $14,684 

          1,242 

             607 

              466 
      6,643 
$       14,531  $            -   $523,319 

              - 

  Credit Cards  Dealer Finance 
  $             2,822  $           65,291 
                  204  
  $             2,822  $           65,495 

                     - 

Description of internal loan grades: 

Grade 1 – Minimal Risk:   Excellent credit, superior asset quality, excellent debt capacity and coverage, and 
recognized management capabilities. 

Grade 2 – Modest Risk:  Borrower consistently generates sufficient cash flow to fund debt service, excellent 
credit, above average asset quality and liquidity. 

Grade 3 – Average Risk:  Borrower generates sufficient cash flow to fund debt service.  Employment (or 
business) is stable with good future trends.  Credit is very good. 

Grade  4  –  Acceptable  Risk:    Borrower’s  cash  flow  is  adequate  to  cover  debt  service;  however,  unusual 
expenses or capital expenses must by covered through additional long term debt.  Employment (or business) 
stability  is  reasonable,  but  future  trends  may  exhibit  slight  weakness.  Credit  history  is  good.  No  unpaid 
judgments or collection items appearing on credit report. 

Grade  5  –  Marginally  acceptable:    Credit  to  borrowers  who  may  exhibit  declining  earnings,  may  have 
leverage that is materially above industry averages, liquidity may be marginally acceptable.  Employment or 
business  stability  may  be  weak  or  deteriorating.    May  be  currently  performing  as  agreed,  but  would  be 
adversely  affected  by  developing  factors  such  as  layoffs,  illness,  reduced  hours  or  declining  business 
prospects.  Credit history shows weaknesses, past dues, paid or disputed collections and judgments, but does 
not include borrowers that are currently past due on obligations or with unpaid, undisputed judgments. 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
               
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 6 

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (CONTINUED): 

Grade  6  –  Watch:    Loans  are  currently  protected  but  are  weak  due  to  negative  balance  sheet  or  income 
statement trends.  There may be a lack of effective control over collateral or the existence of documentation 
deficiencies.    These  loans  have  potential  weaknesses  that  deserve  management’s  close  attention.    Other 
reasons supporting this classification include adverse economic or market conditions, pending litigation or 
any other material weakness.  Existing loans that become 60 or more days past due are placed in this category 
pending a return to current status. 

Grade  7  –  Substandard:  Loans  having  well-defined  weaknesses  where  a  payment  default  and  or  loss  is 
possible, but not yet probable.  Cash flow is inadequate to service the debt under the current payment, or 
terms,  with  prospects  that  the  condition  is  permanent.    Loans  classified  as  substandard  are  inadequately 
protected  by  the  current  net  worth  and  paying  capacity  of  the  borrower  and  there  is  the  likelihood  that 
collateral will have to be liquidated and/or guarantor(s) called upon to repay the debt.  Generally, the loan is 
considered collectible as to both principal and interest, primarily because of collateral coverage, however, if 
the deficiencies are not corrected quickly; there is a probability of loss. 

Grade 8 – Doubtful:  Loans having all the characteristics of a substandard credit, but available information 
indicates it is unlikely the loan will be repaid in its entirety.  Cash flow is insufficient to service the debt.  It 
may be difficult to project the exact amount of loss, but the probability of some loss is great.  Loans are to be 
placed on non-accrual status when any portion is classified doubtful.   

Credit card and dealer finance loans are classified as performing or nonperforming.  A loan is nonperforming 
when payments of principal and interest are past due 90 days or more.  

NOTE 7 

TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURING: 

In  the  determination  of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses,  management  considers  troubled  debt  restructurings  and 
subsequent defaults in these restructurings by adjusting the loan grades of such loans, which are considered in the 
qualitative  factors  within  the  allowance  for  loan  loss  methodology.  Defaults  resulting  in  charge-offs  affect  the 
historical loss experience ratios which are a component of the allowance calculation. Additionally, specific reserves 
may be established on restructured loans which are evaluated individually for impairment. 

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, the Bank modified 3 loans that were considered to be troubled 
debt restructurings.   These modifications include rate adjustments, revisions to amortization schedules, suspension of 
principal payments for a temporary period, re-advancing funds to be applied as payments to bring the loan(s) current, 
or any combination thereof.  

(dollars in thousands) 
Troubled Debt Restructurings 

Number of Contracts 

December 31, 2017 
Pre-Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded Investment 

Post-Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded Investment 

Consumer 

Total 

3 
3 

$                                32  $                                 32 
$                                32  $                                 32 

As of December 31, 2017, there were 3 loans restructured in the previous twelve months, in default.  A restructured 
loan is considered in default when it becomes 90 days past due. 

(dollars in thousands) 
Troubled Debt Restructurings 

Number of Contracts 

December 31, 2017 
Pre-Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded Investment 

Post-Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded Investment 

Real Estate 
Construction/Land Development 

Total 

$                                67  $                                 67 
1 
                             1,502 
2 
3  $                           1,569 

                              1,502                                     
$                            1,569 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 7 

TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURING (CONTINUED): 

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2016, the Bank modified 6 loans that were considered to be troubled 
debt restructurings.   These modifications included rate adjustments, revisions to amortization schedules, suspension 
of  principal  payments  for  a  temporary  period,  re-advancing  funds  to  be  applied  as  payments  to  bring  the  loan(s) 
current, or any combination thereof.  

(in thousands) 
Troubled Debt Restructurings 

Number of Contracts 

Real Estate 
Consumer 

Total 

December 31, 2016 
Pre-Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded Investment 

Post-Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded Investment 

2 
4 
6 

$                              141 
                                  39 
$                              180 

$                              141 
                                  39 
$                              180 

As of December 31, 2016, there were no loans restructured in the previous twelve months, in default.  A restructured 
loan is considered in default when it becomes 90 days past due. 

NOTE 8 

BANK PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT: 

Bank premises and equipment as of December 31 are summarized as follows: 

Land 
Buildings and improvements 
Furniture and equipment 

Less - accumulated depreciation 
Net 

2017 

2016 

$             3,883 
12,384 
               9,454 
25,721 
            (9,827) 
$          15,894 

  $             3,091 
7,877 
               8,257 
19,225 
            (8,885) 
$          10,340 

Provisions for depreciation of $930 in 2017, $827 in 2016, and $727 in 2015 were charged to operations. 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 9 

OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED: 

The table below reflects other real estate owned (OREO) activity for 2017 and 2016: 

Other Real Estate Owned 

2017 

2016 

Balance as of January 1 

Loans transferred to OREO 
Capital improvements  
Sale of OREO 
Write down of OREO or losses on sale 

Balance as of December 31 

$                                 2,076  $                            2,128 
                                 566 
                            231 
                                   24 
                              2 
                               (623) 
                            (281) 
                                      (44) 
                                 (19) 
$                                 1,984  $                            2,076 

At December 31, 2017, the balance of real estate owned includes $207 of foreclosed residential real estate properties 
recorded as a result of obtaining physical possession of the property.  At December 31, 2017, the recorded investment of 
consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure procedures are in 
process is $103.  

NOTE 10 

DEPOSITS: 

Time deposits that meet or exceed the FDIC insurance limit of $250 at year end 2017 and 2016 were $13,637 and $7,841.  
At December 31, 2017, the scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows: 

2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 and after 
                 Total 

$               66,749 
        51,434 
         30,151 
         9,296 
                   7,640 
$             165,270 

NOTE 11 

SHORT-TERM DEBT: 

Short-term debt, all maturing within 12 months, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 is summarized as follows: 

Maximum Outstanding 
at any Month End 

Outstanding 
At 

Average 
Balance 

Year End  Outstanding 

Yield 

2017 
Federal funds purchased 
FHLB short term 
Totals 
2016 
Federal funds purchased 
FHLB short term 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 
Totals 

.17% 
              .30% 
              .31% 

.98% 
.12% 
              .25% 
              .15% 

$                              8,964  $              5,296  $                    97 
          20,301 
  $        25,296  $        20,398 

         20,000 

   50,000 

$      11,421  $                 - 
40,000 
                    - 

$               637 
34,740 
            2,133 
  $        40,000  $        37,510 

   50,000 
    4,272 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 11 

SHORT-TERM DEBT (CONTINUED) 

The Company utilizes short-term debt such as Federal funds purchased and Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (FHLB) 
short  term  borrowings  to  support  the  loans  held  for  sale  participation  program  and  provide  liquidity.    Federal  funds 
purchased are unsecured overnight borrowings from other financial institutions. FHLB short term debt, which is secured 
by the loan portfolio, can be a daily rate variable loan that acts as a line of credit or a fixed rate advance, depending on 
the need of the Company. 

Securities  sold  under  repurchase  agreements  are  secured  transactions  with  customers  and  generally  mature  the  day 
following the date sold. This product was discontinued in 2017. 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had unsecured lines of credit with correspondent banks totaling $41,000, which 
may be used in the management of short-term liquidity, in which $5,296 was outstanding.  

NOTE 12 

LONG-TERM DEBT: 

The Company utilizes the FHLB advance program to fund loan growth and provide liquidity.  The interest rates on long-
term debt are fixed at the time of the advance and range from 1.16% to 2.56%; the weighted average interest rate was 
1.86% and 1.80% at  December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.  The balance of these  obligations at 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $49,554 and $63,982 respectively.  The Company recognized a gain of $504 on 
prepayment  of  two  FHLB  advances  totaling  $10,000  during  the  first  quarter  of  2017  and  there  were  no  additional 
borrowings in 2017.  FHLB advances include a $5,000 line of credit at FHLB that is pledged to the Commonwealth of 
Virginia to secure public funds.   

The maturities of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank long term debt as of December 31, 2017, were as follows: 

2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
Thereafter 
                                Total 

$                9,428 
                6,929 
              14,429 

5,929          

                2,714 
              10,125 
$              49,554 

In addition, the Company has a note payable to purchase a lot adjacent to one of the Bank branches for $170 at December 
31, 2017 that is payable in two remaining annual payments on January 1, 2018 and 2019.  There was $255 outstanding 
on this note at December 31, 2016. 

VS Title, LLC has a note payable for vehicle purchases with a balance of $9 at December 31, 2017. 

NOTE 13 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE: 

The components of income tax expense were as follows: 

Current expense 
Deferred expense (benefit) 
Adjustments to deferred tax asset due to change in federal tax rate 

Total deferred (benefit) expense 

Total Income Tax Expense 

73 

2015 

2017 

2016 
$              3,671  $              3,046  $              3,227 
(152) 
53 
(341) 
                   811 
                        - 
                        -              
                (341) 
                     53 
                   659 
$              4,330  $              3,099  $              2,886 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 13 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE (CONTINUED): 

The components of deferred taxes as of December 31, were as follows: 

Deferred Tax Assets: 
Allowance for loan losses 
Split Dollar Life Insurance 
Nonqualified deferred compensation 
Low income housing partnerships losses 
Core deposit amortization 
Other real estate owned 
Unfunded pension benefit obligation  

Total Assets 

Deferred Tax Liabilities:            
Unearned low income housing credits 
Depreciation 
Prepaid pension 

Goodwill tax amortization 
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale 
Total Liabilities 
Net Deferred Tax Asset (included in Other Assets on Balance Sheet) 

2017 

2016 

$            1,265  $            2,354 
4 
3 
856 
546 
94 
203 
165 
108 
280 
173 
              1,096 
              1,633 
$            3,394  $            5,386 

2017 

2016 

$               180  $               307 
                 437 
                 340 
1,840 
1,010 

901 
559 
                     3 
                  (5) 
              2 084 
              3,488 
$            1,310  $            1,898 

The following table summarizes the differences between the actual income tax expense and the amounts computed using 
the federal statutory tax rates: 

Tax expense at federal statutory rates 
Increases (decreases) in taxes resulting from: 
State income taxes, net of federal benefit 
Partially tax-exempt income 
Tax-exempt income 
LIH and historic credits 
Deferred Tax Asset rate change 
Other 
Total Income Tax Expense 

2017 

2016 

2015 

$           4,511 

$           4,307 

$           3,843 

- 
(59) 
(212) 
(633) 
                811 
                (88) 
$           4,330 

6 
(41) 
(217) 
(896) 

8 
(46) 
(223) 
(701) 

                (60) 
$           3,099 

                    5 
$           2,886 

The Company has analyzed the tax positions taken or expected to be taken in its tax returns and concluded it has no 
liability related to uncertain tax positions in accordance with accounting guidance related to income taxes. 

The Company and its subsidiaries file federal income tax returns and state income tax returns. With few exceptions, 
the Company is no longer subject to federal or state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2014. 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
          
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 14 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS: 

Defined Benefit Pension Plan 

The  Company  has  a  qualified  noncontributory  defined  benefit  pension  plan  which  covers  substantially  all  of  its 
employees  hired  before  April  1,  2012.    The  benefits  are  primarily  based  on  years  of  service  and  earnings.    The 
Company uses December 31st as the measurement date for the defined benefit pension plan.  

The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in the benefit obligations and fair value of plan assets for 
2017, 2016 and 2015: 

Change in Benefit Obligation 
Benefit obligation, beginning 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial (gain) loss 
Benefits paid 
Benefit obligation, ending 

Change in Plan Assets 
Fair value of plan assets, beginning 
Actual return on plan assets 
Employer contribution 
Benefits paid 
Fair value of plan assets, ending 
Funded status at the end of the year 

2017 

2016 

2015 

$         12,475 
696 
487 
1,620 
              (175) 
$         15,103 

$         10,944 
632 
453 
872 
              (426) 
$         12,475 

$         10,777 
648 
411 
(137) 
              (754) 
$         10,945 

$         11,678 
$         12,032 
780 
1,788 
- 
- 
              (426) 
              (175) 
$         13,645 
$         12,032 
$         (1,458)  $            (443) 

$         11,684 
(1) 
750 
              (755) 
$         11,678 
$              733 

The  fair  value  of  plan  assets  is  measured  based  on  the  fair  value  hierarchy  as  discussed  in  Note  20,  “Fair  Value 
Measurements” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The valuations are based on third party data received as of 
the  balance  sheet  date.  All  plan  assets  are  considered  Level  1  assets,  as  quoted  prices  exist  in  active  markets  for 
identical assets.  

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 14 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (CONTINUED): 

Defined Benefit Pension Plan, continued 

2017 

2016 

2015 

Amount recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet 
Prepaid benefit cost 
Unfunded pension benefit obligation under ASC 325-960 
Deferred taxes 

Amount recognized in accumulated other 
comprehensive income (loss) 
Net loss 
Prior service cost 
Amount recognized 
Deferred taxes 
Amount recognized in accumulated comprehensive income 

Prepaid benefit detail 
Benefit obligation 
Fair value of assets 
Unrecognized net actuarial loss 
Unrecognized prior service cost 
Prepaid (accrued) benefits 

Components of net periodic benefit cost 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Expected return on plan assets 
Amortization of prior service cost 
Recognized net actuarial loss 
Net periodic benefit cost 

$                    3,760  $                    4,361  $                    4,799 
(4,065) 
1,382 

(5,218) 
1,096 

(4,804) 
1,633 

$                 (5,260) 
                           42 
(5,218) 
                      1,096 
$                 (4,122) 

$                 (4,861) 
                    57 
(4,804) 
                      1,633 
$                 (3,171) 

$                 (4,137) 
                          72 
(4,065) 
                      1,382 
$                 (2,683) 

$               (10,945) 
$               (12,475) 
$               (15,103) 
             11,678 
             12,032 
             13,645 
4,138 
4,861 
5,260 
                        (72) 
                        (57) 
                        (42) 
$                    3,760  $                    4,361  $                    4,799 

$                       696  $                       632  $                       648 
411 
452 
487 
(839) 
(854) 
(851) 
(15) 
(15) 
(15) 
                         181 
                         223 
                         284 
$                       601  $                       438  $                       386 

Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations 
  recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) 
Net loss 
Amortization of prior service cost 
Total recognized in other comprehensive income 

Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other  
  comprehensive income (loss) 

$                       399  $                       724  $                       522 
                           15 
                           15 
                           15 
$                       414  $                       739  $                       537 

$                    1,015  $                    1,177  $                       923 

Additional disclosure information 
Accumulated benefit obligation 
Vested benefit obligation 
Discount rate used for net pension cost 
Discount rate used for disclosure 
Expected return on plan assets 
Rate of compensation increase 
Average remaining service (years) 

76 

$                  10,760  $                    8,789  $                    7,601 
$                  10,750  $                    8,780  $                    7,539 
4.00% 
4.25% 
7.50% 
3.00% 
13 

4.25% 
4.00% 
7.50% 
3.00% 
13 

4.00% 
3.50% 
7.25% 
3.00% 
12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 14 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (CONTINUED): 

Funding Policy 

Due to the current funding status of the plan, the Company did not make a contribution in 2017 or 2016.  The Company’s 
contributions for 2015 was $750,000.  The net periodic pension cost of the plan for 2018 will be approximately $629. 

Long-Term Rate of Return 

The Company, as plan sponsor, selects the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption in consultation with 
investment advisors and the plan actuary.  This rate is intended to reflect the average rate of earnings expected to be 
earned on the funds invested or to be invested to provide plan benefits. Historical performance is reviewed, especially 
with respect to real rates of return (net of inflation) for the major asset classes held or anticipated to be held by the trust. 
Undue  weight  is  not  given  to  recent  experience,  which  may  not  continue  over  the  measurement  period,  with  higher 
significance placed on current forecasts of future long-term economic conditions. 

Because assets are held in a qualified trust, anticipated returns are not reduced for taxes.  Further, and solely for this 
purpose, the plan is assumed to continue in force and not terminate during the period during which the assets are 
invested.  However, consideration is given to the potential impact of current and future investment policy, cash flow 
into and out of the trust, and expenses (both investment and non-investment) typically paid from plan assets (to the 
extent such expenses are not explicitly estimated within periodic cost). 

Asset Allocation 

The trust fund is sufficiently diversified to maintain a reasonable level of risk without imprudently sacrificing return, 
with a targeted asset allocation of 39% fixed income and 61% equity. The Investment Manager selects investment fund 
managers  with  demonstrated  experience  and  expertise,  and  funds  with  demonstrated  historical  performance,  for  the 
implementation of the Plan’s investment strategy. The Investment Manager will consider both actively and passively 
managed investment strategies and will allocate funds across the asset classes to develop an efficient investment structure.  
The pension plan’s allocations as of December 31, 2017, and 2016 were 61% equity and 39% fixed and 61% equity and 
39% fixed, respectively.  

Estimated Future Benefit Payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, as of December 31, 2017, 
are as follows: 

2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023-2027 

$                  1,862 
            698 
264 
179 
2,867 
                    7,151 
$                13,021 

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) 

The Company sponsors an ESOP which provides stock ownership to substantially all employees of the Company.  The 
Plan  provides  total  vesting  upon  the  attainment  of  five  years  of  service.    Contributions  to  the  plan  are  made  at  the 
discretion  of  the  Board  of  Directors  and  are  allocated  based  on  the  compensation  of  each  employee  relative  to  total 
compensation paid by the Company.  All shares issued and held by the Plan are considered outstanding in the computation 
of earnings per share. Dividends on Company stock are allocated and paid to participants at least annually. Shares of 
Company stock, when distributed, have restrictions on transferability.  For the plan year ending September 30, 2017 the 
Company contributed $430 in 2017, $407 in 2016, and $270 in 2015 to the Plan and charged this expense to operations.  
The shares held by the ESOP totaled 194,018 and 190,271 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2016 and 2015 

NOTE 14 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (CONTINUED): 

401(K) Plan 

The Company sponsors a 401(k) savings plan under which eligible employees may choose to save up to 20 percent of 
their  salary  on  a  pretax  basis,  subject  to  certain  IRS  limits.  Under  the  Federal  Safe  Harbor  rules  employees  are 
automatically enrolled at 3% (in the third year this increases by 1% per year up to 6%) of their salary unless elected 
otherwise.  The Company matches one hundred percent of the first 1% contributed by the employee and fifty percent 
from 2% to 6% of employee contributions. Vesting in the contributions made by the Company is 100% after two years 
of service.  Contributions under the plan amounted to $263, $242 and $212 in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

Deferred Compensation Plan 

The  Company  has  a  nonqualified  deferred  compensation  plan  for  several  of  its  key  employees  and  directors.  The 
Company may make annual contributions to the plan, and the employee or director has the option to defer a portion of 
their salary or bonus based on qualifying annual elections. Contributions to the plan totaled $125 in 2017, $125 in 2016 
and $110 in 2015.  A liability is accrued for the obligation under the plan and totaled $3,377 and $2,767 at December 31, 
2017 and 2016, respectively.    

Investments in Life Insurance Contracts 

The Bank currently offers a variety of benefit plans to all full-time employees. While the costs of these plans are generally 
tax deductible to the Bank, the cost has been escalating greatly in recent years. To help offset escalating benefit costs and 
to attract and retain qualified employees, the Bank purchased Bank Owned Life Insurance (BOLI) contracts that will 
provide benefits to employees during their lifetime. Dividends received on these policies are tax-deferred and the death 
benefits under the policies are tax exempt.  Rates of return on a tax-equivalent basis are very favorable when compared 
to other long-term investments which the Bank might make.  The accrued liability related to the BOLI contracts was 
$443 and $412 for December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

NOTE 15 

CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT: 

The Company had cash deposits in other commercial banks in excess of FDIC insurance limits totaling $1,798 and $680 
at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

The  Company  grants  commercial,  residential  real  estate  and  consumer  loans  to  customers  located  primarily  in  the 
northwestern  portion  of  the  State  of  Virginia.  There  were  no  loan  concentration  areas  greater  than  25%  of  capital. 
Collateral required by the Company is determined on an individual basis depending on the purpose of the loan and the 
financial condition of the borrower. As of December 31, 2017, approximately 80% of the loan portfolio was secured by 
real estate. 

NOTE 16 

COMMITMENTS: 

The Company makes commitments to extend credit in the normal course of business and issues standby letters of credit 
to meet the financing needs of its customers.  The amount of the commitments represents the Company's exposure to 
credit loss that is not included in the consolidated balance sheet.  As of the December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company 
had the following commitments outstanding: 

Commitments to extend credit 
Standby letters of credit 

2017 

2016 

$                170,798  $                148,060 
1,089 

1,533 

The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments to extend credit and issue standby letters of credit 
as it does for the loans reflected in the consolidated balance sheet. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 16 

COMMITMENTS (CONTINUED): 

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition 
established in the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may 
require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total 
commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  The Company evaluates each customer's 
creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. Collateral required, if any, upon extension of credit is based on management's 
credit evaluation of the borrower’s ability to pay.  Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, 
property, plant and equipment. 

The Bank leases four of its branch offices and its loan production office under long term lease arrangements which had 
initial terms of either three, five or ten years. VBS leased its building until December of 2017 and therefore recorded 
lease expense in 2017, 2016 and 2015.  VST leases three of its offices, the lease expense is included in the following 
disclosure as well as future lease payments.  The North Augusta Branch and the Dealer Finance division office are leases 
with related parties. The Company considers these lease agreements to be arm’s length transactions.   

Lease expense was $355, $291 and $281 for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  As of December 31, 2017, the required 
lease payments for the next five years were as follows: 

2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 

$                        177 
 150 
128 
110 
105 

NOTE 17  ON BALANCE SHEET DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES: 

Derivative Financial Instruments 

The Company has stand alone derivative financial instruments in the form of forward option contracts.  These transactions 
involve both credit and market risk.  The notional amounts are amounts on which calculations, payments, and the value 
of the derivative are based.  Notional amounts do not represent direct credit exposures.  Direct credit exposure is limited 
to the net difference between the calculated amounts to be received and paid, if any.  Such difference, which represents 
the fair value of the derivative instruments, is reflected on the Company’s balance sheet as derivative assets and derivative 
liabilities. 

The  Company  is  exposed  to  credit-related  losses  in  the  event  of  nonperformance  by  the  counterparties  to  these 
agreements.    The  Company  controls  the  credit  risk  of  its  financial  contracts  through  credit  approvals,  limits  and 
monitoring procedures, and does not expect any counterparties to fail their obligations.  The Company deals only with 
primary dealers. 

Derivative  instruments  are  generally  either  negotiated  Over-the-Counter  (OTC)  contracts  or  standardized  contracts 
executed  on  a  recognized  exchange.    Negotiated  OTC  derivative  contracts  are  generally  entered  into  between  two 
counterparties that negotiate specific agreement terms, including the underlying instrument, amount, exercise prices and 
maturity. 

The Company issues to customer’s certificates of deposit with an interest rate that is derived from the rate of return on 
the stock of the companies that comprise The Dow Jones Industrial Average.  In order to manage the interest rate risk 
associated with this deposit product, the Company has purchased a series of forward option contracts.  These contracts 
provide the Company with a rate of return commensurate with the return of The Dow Jones Industrial Average from the 
time of the contract until maturity of the related certificates of deposit.  These contracts are accounted for as fair value 
hedges.  Because the certificates of deposit can be redeemed by the customer at any time and the related forward options 
contracts cannot be cancelled by the Company, the hedge is not considered effective. The ineffective portion of the gain 
or loss on the derivative instrument, if any, is recognized currently in earnings.  There was no ineffective portion included 
in the consolidated income statement for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.  

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 17  ON  BALANCE  SHEET  DERIVATIVE  INSTRUMENTS  AND  HEDGING  ACTIVITIES 

(CONTINUED): 

At December 31, the information pertaining to the forward option contracts, included in other assets and other liabilities 
on the balance sheet, is as follows: 

Notional amount 
Fair value of contracts, included in other assets 

Mortgage Banking Derivatives 

2017 

2016 

$                    184  $                    190 
26 

59 

Commitments to fund certain mortgage loans originated by VBS (rate lock commitments) to be sold into the secondary 
market and best efforts commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans to third party investors are considered 
derivatives.  It  is  the  practice  of  VBS  to  enter  into  best  efforts  commitments  for  the  future  delivery  of  residential 
mortgage loans when interest rate lock commitments are entered into in order to economically hedge the effect of 
changes in interest rates resulting from its commitments to fund the loans. These mortgage banking derivatives are 
not  designated  hedge  relationships.  The  fair  value  of  the  mortgage  banking  derivatives  were  estimated  based  on 
changes in interest rates from the date of the commitments and were considered immaterial at December 31, 2017 and 
2016, and were not recorded on the Company’s balance sheet.  

NOTE 18 

TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES: 

During  the  year,  executive  officers  and  directors  (and  companies  controlled  by  them)  were  customers  of  and  had 
transactions with the Company in the normal course of business. Management believes these transactions were made on 
substantially the same terms as those prevailing for other customers and did not involve any abnormal risk. 

Loan transactions with related parties are shown in the following schedule: 

Total loans, beginning of year 
New loans 
Relationship change 
Repayments 
Total loans, end of year 

2017 

2016 

$               7,486  $               7,180 
4,701 
6,803 
611 
10,403 
              (4,315) 
              (5,006) 
$             20,377  $               7,486 

Deposit of executive officers and directors and their affiliates were $7,757 and $4,524 on December 31, 2017 and 
2016 respectively.  Management believes these deposits were made under the same terms available to other customers 
of the bank. 

NOTE 19 

DIVIDEND LIMITATIONS ON SUBSIDIARY BANK: 

The principal source of funds of F & M Bank Corp. is dividends paid by the Farmers & Merchants Bank.  The Federal 
Reserve Act restricts the amount of dividends the Bank may pay. Approval by the Board of Governors of the Federal 
Reserve System is required if the dividends declared by a state member bank, in any year, exceed the sum of (1) net 
income  of  the  current  year  and  (2)  income  net  of  dividends  for  the  preceding  two  years.  As  of  January  1,  2018, 
approximately $13,705 was available for dividend distribution without permission of the Board of Governors.  Dividends 
paid by the Bank to the Company totaled $5,000 in 2017, $5,000 in 2016 and $2,500 in 2015. 

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 20 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS: 

The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other 
than  in  a  forced  liquidation.  Fair  value  is  best  determined  based  upon  quoted  market  prices.  However,  in  many 
instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted 
market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques.  

Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future 
cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. 
Accounting guidance for fair value excludes certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments from its 
disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the 
underlying fair value of the Company. 

The  Company  records  fair value  adjustments  to  certain  assets  and  liabilities  and determines  fair  value disclosures 
utilizing a definition of fair value of assets and liabilities that states that fair value is an exit price, representing the 
amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants. Additional considerations are involved to determine the fair value of financial assets in markets that are 
not active. 

The Company uses a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are 
observable  or  unobservable.  Observable  inputs  reflect  market  data  obtained  from  independent  sources,  while 
unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy based on 
these two types of inputs are as follows:  

  Level 1 –    Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. 
  Level 2 –   Valuation is based on observable inputs including quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and 
liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in less active markets, and model-
based  valuation  techniques  for  which  significant  assumptions  can  be  derived  primarily  from  or 
corroborated by observable data in the market. 

  Level 3 –    Valuation is based on model-based techniques that use one or more significant inputs or assumptions that 

are unobservable in the market. 

The  following  describes  the  valuation  techniques  used  by  the  Company  to  measure  certain  financial  assets  and 
liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements: 

Securities 

Where  quoted  prices  are  available  in  an  active  market,  securities  are  classified  within  Level  1  of  the  valuation 
hierarchy. Level 1 securities would include highly liquid government bonds, mortgage products and exchange traded 
equities, such as U. S. Treasuries. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using 
pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flow. Level 2 securities 
would  include  U.S.  agency  securities,  mortgage-backed  agency  securities,  obligations  of  states  and  political 
subdivisions and certain corporate, asset backed and other securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity 
or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. 
The carrying value of restricted Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock approximates fair value 
based upon the redemption provisions of each entity and is therefore excluded from the following table. 

Derivatives 

The  Company’s  derivatives  are  recorded  at  fair  value  based  on  third  party  vendor  supplied  information  using 
discounted cash flow analysis from observable-market based inputs, which are considered Level 2 inputs. 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 20 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (CONTINUED): 

The following tables present the balances of financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 
31, 2017, and 2016 (dollars in thousands):  

December 31, 2017 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

U. S. Treasuries 
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises 
Mortgage-backed obligations of federal agencies 
Equity securities 
Total securities available for sale 

$        19,998  $        19,998  $                  -  $                  - 
            7,980 
                    - 
                    - 
            7,980 
            502 
                    - 
                    - 
            502 
                    - 
               135 
               135 
                    - 
                    - 
$        28,615  $        19,998  $          8,617 

December 31, 2016 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

U. S. Treasuries 
Mortgage-backed obligations of federal agencies 
Equity securities 
Total securities available for sale 

$        24,014  $        24,014  $                  -  $                  - 
                    - 
                    - 
                    - 

            634 
                    - 
            634 
               135 
                    - 
               135 
$        24,783  $        24,014  $             769 

Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. Adjustments to 
the fair value of these assets usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs 
of individual assets. 

The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain financial assets recorded 
at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the financial statements: 

Loans Held for Sale  

Loans held for sale are short-term loans purchased at par for resale to investors at the par value of the loan and loans 
originated  by  VBS  for  sale  in  the  secondary  market.    Loan  participations  are  generally  repurchased  within  15 
days.  Loans originated for sale by VBS are recorded at lower of cost or market.  No market adjustments were required 
at December 31, 2017 or 2016; therefore, loans held for sale were carried at cost.  Because of the short-term nature 
and fixed repurchase price, the book value of these loans approximates fair value at December 31, 2017, and 2016.  

Impaired Loans 

Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management based on current information and events, it 
is  probable  that  all  amounts  due  will  not  be  collected  according  to  the  contractual  terms  of  the  loan  agreement. 
Troubled debt restructurings are impaired loans. Impaired loans are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. If 
an individually-evaluated impaired loan’s balance exceeds fair value, the amount is allocated to the allowance for loan 
losses. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the Consolidated 
Statements of Income. 

The fair value of an impaired loan and measurement of associated loss is based on one of three methods: the observable 
market price of the loan, the present value of projected cash flows, or the fair value of the collateral. The observable 
market price of a loan is categorized as a Level 1 input. The present value of projected cash flows method results in a 
Level 3 categorization because the calculation relies on the Company’s judgment to determine projected cash flows, 
which are then discounted at the current rate of the loan, or the rate prior to modification if the loan is a troubled debt 
restructure.  

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 20     FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (CONTINUED): 

Loans measured using the fair value of collateral method are categorized in Level 3. Collateral may be in the form of 
real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. Most collateral is real estate. 
The Company bases collateral method fair valuation upon the “as-is” value of independent appraisals or evaluations. 
The value of real estate collateral is determined by an independent appraisal utilizing an income or market valuation 
approach.  The Company discounts appraised value by estimated selling costs to arrive at net fair value.  Appraisals 
conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using observable market data is categorized 
as Level 3. The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal (Level 3) if deemed significant, or the 
net book value on the applicable business’ financial statements (Level 3) if not considered significant. Likewise, values 
for inventory and accounts receivables collateral are based on financial statement balances or aging reports (Level 3). 

As of December 31, 2017, and 2016, the fair value measurements for impaired loans with specific allocations were 
primarily based upon the fair value of the collateral.  

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring 
basis during the period (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2017 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

     Construction/Land Development 
     Real Estate 
     Dealer Finance 
Impaired loans 

$          3,337 
979 
                 35 
$          4,351 

- 
- 
                    - 
                    - 

-  $          3,337 
- 
979 
                    - 
                 35 
                    -  $          4,351 

December 31, 2016 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

     Construction/Land Development 
     Real Estate 
     Commercial Real Estate 
     Dealer Finance 
Impaired loans 

$          4,739 
985 
892 
                 67 
$          6,683 

- 
- 
- 
                    - 
                    - 

-  $          4,739 
- 
985 
- 
892 
                    - 
                 67 
                    -  $          6,683 

The following table presents information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

Fair Value at 
December 31, 2017 

Valuation Technique 

Significant Unobservable Inputs 

Range 

Impaired Loans  $                     4,351  Discounted appraised value  Discount for selling costs and 

marketability 

3%-19% (Average 
5.5%) 

Fair Value at 
December 31, 2016 

Valuation Technique 

Significant Unobservable Inputs 

Range 

Impaired Loans  $                     6,683  Discounted appraised value  Discount for selling costs and 

marketability 

2%-50% (Average 
4.7%) 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 20           FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (CONTINUED): 

Other Real Estate Owned   

Certain assets such as other real estate owned (OREO) are measured at fair value less cost to sell. Valuation of other 
real  estate  owned  is  determined  using  current  appraisals  from  independent  parties,  a  level  three  input.  If  current 
appraisals cannot be obtained prior to reporting dates, or if declines in value are identified after a recent appraisal is 
received, appraisal values are discounted, resulting in Level 3 estimates. If the Company markets the property with a 
realtor, estimated selling costs reduce the fair value, resulting in a valuation based on Level 3 inputs. 

The Company markets other real estate owned both independently and with local realtors. Properties marketed by 
realtors are discounted by selling costs. Properties that the Company markets independently are not discounted by 
selling costs. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s other real estate owned that were measured at fair value on a 
nonrecurring basis during the period.  

December 31, 2017 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Other real estate owned 

$          1,984 

December 31, 2016 

Total 

Level 1 

Other real estate owned 

$          2,076 

- 

- 

-  $          1,984 

Level 2 

Level 3 

-  $          2,076 

The following table presents information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

Fair Value at 
December 31, 2017 

Valuation Technique 

Significant Unobservable 
Inputs 

Range 

Other real estate owned  $                       1,984  Discounted appraised value  Discount for selling costs 

5%-15% (Average 8%)  

Fair Value at 
December 31, 2016 

Valuation Technique 

Significant Unobservable 
Inputs 

Range 

Other real estate owned  $                       2,076  Discounted appraised value  Discount for selling costs 

5%-15% (Average 8%)  

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures for financial 
instruments: 

Cash and Due from Bank, and Interest-Bearing Deposits 
The carrying amounts approximate fair value. 

Securities 
The fair values of securities, excluding restricted stock, are determined by quoted market prices or dealer quotes. The 
fair value of certain state and municipal securities is not readily available through market sources other than dealer 
quotations, so fair value estimates are based on quoted market prices of similar instruments adjusted for differences 
between the quoted instruments and the instruments being valued. The carrying value of restricted securities and other 
investments approximates fair value and are therefore excluded from the following table.  

Loans Held for Sale 
Fair values of loans held for sale are based on commitments on hand from investors or prevailing market prices.

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 20           FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (CONTINUED): 

Loans 
Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type 
such as commercial, real estate – commercial, real estate – construction, real estate – mortgage, credit card and other 
consumer  loans.  Each  loan  category  is  further  segmented  into  fixed  and  adjustable  rate  interest  terms  and  by 
performing and nonperforming categories. 

The fair value of performing loans is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity 
using  estimated  market  discount  rates  that  reflect  the  credit  and  interest  rate  risk  inherent  in  the  loan,  as  well  as 
estimates for prepayments. The estimate of maturity is based on the Company’s historical experience with repayments 
for loan classification, modified, as required, by an estimate of the effect of economic conditions on lending. 

Fair value for significant nonperforming loans is based on estimated cash flows which are discounted using a rate 
commensurate with the risk associated with the estimated cash flows. Assumptions regarding credit risk, cash flows 
and discount rates are determined within management’s judgment, using available market information and specific 
borrower information. 

Bank-Owned Life Insurance 
Bank-owned life insurance represents insurance policies on officers of the Company.  The cash values of the policies 
are estimates using information provided by insurance carriers. These policies are carried at their cash surrender value, 
which approximates fair value. 

Deposits 
The fair value of demand and savings deposits is the amount payable on demand. The fair value of fixed maturity term 
deposits and certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining 
maturities. 

Short-Term Debt 
The carrying amounts of short-term debt maturing within 90 days approximate their fair values. Fair values of any 
other short-term debt are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current incremental borrowing 
rates for similar types of debt. 

Long-Term Debt 
The  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  long-term  debt  is  estimated  using  discounted  cash  flow  analyses  based  on  the 
Company’s incremental borrowing rates for similar types of debt arrangements. 

Accrued Interest 
The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value. 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 20           FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (CONTINUED): 

The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts (in thousands), of the Company’s financial instruments are 
as follows: 

(dollars in thousands) 

Assets: 

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017 Using 
Quoted Prices in Active 
Markets for Identical 
Assets (Level 1) 

Significant Other 
Observable 
Inputs (Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3) 

Fair Value at 
December 31, 2016 

Cash and cash equivalents 

$    11,907  

$                             11,907   $                           -     $                        -     $                    11,907 

Securities 

Loans held for sale 

    28,740  

    39,775  

                          19,998    

        8,742 

                        -    

                          -    

        39,775  

                        -    

Loans held for investment, net 

  610,930  

                          -    

                  -    

            646,703 

Interest receivable 

      2,007  

                          -    

          2,007  

                        -    

        28,740  

        39,775  

      646,703  

          2,007  

Bank owned life insurance 

      13,950 

                                         -                        13,950  

                          -                           13,950  

Total 

Liabilities: 

Deposits 

Short-term debt 

Long-term debt 

Interest payable 

Total 

$  707,309  

$                             31,905   $                 64,474  

$            646,703   $                  743,082 

$569,177  

$                                       -     $               403,907  

$            167,210   $                  571,117  

    25,296  

    49,733  

                          -    

        25,296  

                        -    

                          -    

                  -    

              49,869  

        25,296  

        49, 869 

           260 

                                         -                              260  

                          -                                260  

$  644,466   $                                      -     $               429,463  

$            217,079   $                  646,542  

(dollars in thousands) 

Assets: 

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2016 Using 
Quoted Prices in Active 
Markets for Identical 
Assets (Level 1) 

Significant Other 
Observable 
Inputs (Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3) 

Fair Value at 
December 31, 2016 

Cash and cash equivalents 

$    16,355  

$                             16,355   $                           -     $                        -     $                    16,355  

Securities 

Loans held for sale 

    24,908  

    62,735  

                          24,014    

        894  

                        -    

                          -    

        62,735  

                        -    

Loans held for investment, net 

  584,093  

                          -    

                  -    

            598,991  

Interest receivable 

      1,785  

                          -    

          1,785  

                        -    

        24,908  

        62,735  

      598,991  

          1,785  

Bank owned life insurance 

      13,513  

                                         -                        13,513  

                          -                           13,513  

Total 

Liabilities: 

Deposits 

Short-term debt 

Long-term debt 

Interest payable 

Total 

$  703,389  

$                             40,369   $                 78,927  

$            598,991   $                  718,287  

$537,085  

$                                       -     $               379,857  

$            158,073   $                  537,930  

    40,000  

    64,237  

                          -    

        40,000  

                        -    

                          -    

                  -    

              63,945  

        40,000  

        63,945  

          228  

                                         -                              228  

                          -                                228  

$  641,550   $                                      -     $               420,085  

$            222,018   $                  642,103  

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 21 

REGULATORY MATTERS 

The Company meets the eligibility criteria of a small bank holding company in accordance with the Federal Reserve’s 
Small  Bank  Holding  Company  Policy  Statement  issued  in  February  2015  and  is  no  longer  obligated  to  report 
consolidated  regulatory  capital.    The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the 
federal banking agencies.  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly 
additional  discretionary  actions  by  regulators  that,  if  undertaken,  could  have  a  direct  material  effect  on  the  Bank’s 
financial statements.  Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the 
Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain 
off  balance-sheet  items  as  calculated  under  regulatory  accounting  practices.  The  Bank’s  capital  amounts  and 
classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other 
factors. 

The final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. Banks (Basel 
III rules) became effective January 1, 2015, with full compliance of all the requirements being phased in over a multi-
year schedule and becoming fully phased in by January 1, 2019.  Under the Basel III rules, the Company must hold a 
capital conservation buffer above the adequately capitalized risk-based capital ratios. The capital conservation buffer 
is being phased in from 0.0% for 2015 to 2.50% by 2019. The capital conservation buffer for 2017 was 1.25% and for 
2016 was 0.625%. The net unrealized gain on securities available for sale and the unfunded pension liability are not 
included in computing regulatory capital.  

Quantitative  measures  established  by  regulation,  to  ensure  capital  adequacy,  require  the  Bank to  maintain  minimum 
amounts  and  ratios.  These  ratios  are  defined  in  the  regulations  and  the  amounts  are  set  forth  in  the  table  below.  
Management believes, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, that the Bank meets all capital adequacy requirements to 
which they are subject. 

As  of  the  most  recent  notification  from  the  Federal  Reserve  Bank  Report  of  Examination,  the  subsidiary  bank  was 
categorized as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  To be categorized as well 
capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk based, Tier 1 risk-based, and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth 
in  the  table.    There  are  no  conditions  or  events  since  that  notification  that  management  believes  have  changed  the 
institution’s category. 

The actual capital ratios for the Bank are presented in the following table (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2017 

Amount 

Ratio 

Amount 

Ratio 

Amount  

Ratio 

Actual  

Minimum Capital 
Requirement 

Minimum to be Well Capitalized Under 
Prompt Corrective Action Provisions 

Total risk-based ratio 
Tier 1 risk-based ratio 
Common equity tier 1 
Total assets leverage ratio 

$  95,563 
89,519 
89,519 
89,519 

15.41%  $        49,614 
37,211 
14.43% 
27,908 
14.43% 
29,656 
12.07% 

8.00% 
6.00% 
4.50% 
4.00% 

$                 62,018 
49,614 
40,312 
37,070 

10.00% 
8.00% 
6.50% 
5.00% 

December 31, 2016 

Amount 

Ratio 

Amount 

Ratio 

Amount  

Ratio 

Actual  

Minimum Capital 
Requirement 

Minimum to be Well Capitalized Under 
Prompt Corrective Action Provisions 

Total risk-based ratio 
Tier 1 risk-based ratio 
Common equity tier 1 
Total assets leverage ratio 

$  93,519 
85,976 
85,976 
85,976 

15.08%  $        49,615 
37,212 
13.86% 
27,909 
13.86% 
29,065 
11.83% 

8.00% 
6.00% 
4.50% 
4.00% 

$                 62,019 
49,615 
40,312 
36,331 

10.00% 
8.00% 
6.50% 
5.00% 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 22 

BUSINESS SEGMENTS: 

F&M Bank 

VBS 
Mortgage 

TEB 
Life/FMFS 

VS Title 

Parent 
Only 

Eliminations 

F&M Bank Corp. 
Consolidated 

December 31, 2017 

Revenues: 
Interest Income 

Service charges on deposits 

Investment services and insurance income 

Mortgage banking income, net 

Title insurance income 

Gain on prepayment of long-term debt 

Loss on sale of investments 

$             33,904   $           125 

$                  148  

 $               -     $               -  

$               (82) 

$                   34,095 

1,360  

 1  

 -    

 -    

 504  

- 

 -    

 -    

 2,220 

 279    

 -    

 (40) 

 -    

 772  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 (2) 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 883 

 -    

- 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 -    

 (18)    

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 1,360  

 755  

 2,220  

 1,162  

 504  

 (42) 

Other operating income 

                 2,128  

                 -   

                        -    

                  -                  162   

               (357)                            1,933 

Total income 

Expenses: 
Interest Expense 

Provision for loan losses 

Salaries and benefits 

               37,897  

          2,584  

                    918  

            883 

             162  

               (457) 

                     41,987 

 3,904  

 -    

 75  

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 -    

 12,092  

 1,733 

 474  

 555  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 (82) 

 -    

 -    

 3,897  

 -    

 14,854  

Other operating expenses 

                 8,942  

             672 

                      51  

               172  

               46 

                 (18)    

                       9,865 

Total expense 

               24,938  

          2,480  

                    525  

               727  

               46  

               (100) 

                     28,616  

Income before income taxes 

               12,959 

             104  

                    393 

               156 

             116 

               (357) 

                     13,371 

Income tax expense (benefit) 

                 4,316  

                  - 

                    109  

                    - 

            (95) 

                      - 

                       4,330 

Net income 

$               8,643   $           104 

$                  284                    

$             156 

$           211 

$             (357)     $                     9,041 

Net income attributable to noncontrolling 
interest 
Net Income attributable to F & M Bank 
Corp. 
Total Assets 

                        - 

               31 

                        - 

                    - 

                 - 

                      - 

                            31 

$               8,643 

$             73 

$                  284 

$             156 

$           211 

$             (357) 

$                    9,010 

$           754,375 

$        7,018 

$               6,749  

$             811 

$      90,964   $      (106,647) 

$                 753,270  

Goodwill 

$               2,670   $             47 

$                      - 

$                  - 

$           164  

$                    - 

$                     2,881  

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 22 

BUSINESS SEGMENTS CONTINUED: 

December 31, 2016 

F&M Bank 

VBS 
Mortgage 

TEB 
Life/FMFS 

VS Title 

Parent 
Only 

Eliminations 

F&M Bank Corp. 
Consolidated 

Revenues: 
Interest Income 

$             31,949   $             55 

$                  152  

 $               -     $               -  

$               (6) 

$                   32,150 

Service charges on deposits 

1,174  

Investment services and insurance income 

Mortgage banking income, net 

Title insurance income 

Gain on prepayment of long-term debt 

Loss on investments 

 1  

 -    

 -    

 -  

- 

 -    

 -    

 2,565 

 -    

 -    

 - 

 -    

 470  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 - 

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 -    

- 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 -    

 (30)    

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 1,174  

 441  

 2,565  

-  

 -  

 - 

Other operating income 

                 2,353 

                  -    

                        -    

                  -                      -    

               (951)   

                       1,402  

Total income 

Expenses: 
Interest Expense 

Provision for loan losses 

Salaries and benefits 

               35,477  

          2,620  

                    622  

            - 

                 -  

               (987) 

                     37,732 

 3,605  

 -    

-  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 11,123  

 1,387 

 290  

- 

 -    

 -  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 (6) 

 -    

 -    

 3,599  

 -    

 12,800  

Other operating expenses 

                 8,139  

             586 

                      66  

                    -  

                 1 

               (320)    

                       8,472 

Total expense 

               22,867  

          1,973  

                    356  

                    -  

                 1  

               (326) 

                     24,871  

Income before income taxes 

               12,610 

             647 

                    266 

                    - 

              (1) 

               (661) 

                     12,861 

Income tax expense (benefit) 

                 3,290  

                  - 

                      58  

                    - 

          (249) 

                      - 

                       3,099 

Net income 

$               9,320   $           647 

$                  208   $                  - 

$           248 

$             (661)    $                     9,762  

Net income attributable to noncontrolling 
interest 
Net Income attributable to F & M Bank 
Corp. 
Total Assets 

                        - 

             194 

                        - 

                    - 

                 - 

                      - 

                          194 

$               9,320 

$           453 

$                  208 

$                  - 

$           248 

$             (661) 

$                     9,568 

$           748,273 

$        7,487 

$               6,476   $                  - 

$     87,449   $      (104,796) 

$                 744,889  

Goodwill 

$               2,670   $                - 

$                      - 

$                  - 

$               -  

$                    - 

$                     2,670  

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 22 

BUSINESS SEGMENTS CONTINUED: 

Revenues: 
Interest Income 

Service charges on deposits 

Investment services and insurance income 

Mortgage banking income, net 

Title insurance income 

Gain on prepayment of long-term debt 

Loss on investments 

F&M Bank 

VBS 
Mortgage 

TEB 
Life/FMFS 

VS Title 

Parent 
Only 

Eliminations 

F&M Bank Corp. 
Consolidated 

December 31, 2015 

$             29,206   $             51 

$                  152  

 $               -     $               -  

$               (5) 

$                   29,404 

963  

 2  

 -    

 -    

 -  

- 

 -    

 -    

 2,066 

 -    

 -    

 - 

 -    

 522  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 - 

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 -    

- 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 -    

 (14)    

 -    

 -    

 -    

- 

 963  

 510  

 2,066  

-  

 -  

 - 

Other operating income 

                 2,142  

                  -    

                        -    

                  -                      5                    (893)   

                       1,254  

Total income 

Expenses: 
Interest Expense 

Provision for loan losses 

Salaries and benefits 

               32,313  

          2,117  

                    674  

            - 

                 5 

               (912) 

                     34,197 

 2,881  

 300    

-  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 10,056  

 1,103 

 298  

- 

 -    

 -  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 (5) 

 -    

 -    

 2,876  

 300    

 11,457  

Other operating expenses 

                 7,887  

             466 

                      35  

                    -  

               21 

               (312)    

                       8,097 

Total expense 

               21,124  

          1,569  

                    333  

                    -  

              21  

               (317) 

                     22,730  

Income before income taxes 

               11,189 

             548 

                    341 

                    - 

            (16) 

              (595) 

                     11,467 

Income tax expense (benefit) 

                 2,948  

                  - 

                    129  

                    - 

          (191) 

                      - 

                       2,886 

Net income 

$               8,241   $           548 

$                  212   $                  - 

$           175 

$             (595)    $                     8,581  

Net income attributable to noncontrolling 
interest 
Net Income attributable to F & M Bank 
Corp. 
Total Assets 

                        - 

             164 

                        - 

                    - 

                 - 

                      - 

                          164 

$               8,241 

$           384 

$                  212 

$                  - 

$           175 

$             (595) 

$                     8,417 

$           669,968 

$        2,180 

$               6,269   $                  - 

$     84,897   $        (97,957) 

$                 665,357  

Goodwill 

$               2,670   $                - 

$                      - 

$                  - 

$               -  

$                    - 

$                     2,670  

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 23 

PARENT COMPANY ONLY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: 

Balance Sheets 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Investment in subsidiaries 
Securities available for sale  
Income tax receivable (including due from subsidiary) 
Goodwill and intangibles 
Total Assets 

Liabilities 
Income tax payable (including due from subsidiary) 
Deferred income taxes 
Accrued expenses 
Demand obligations for low income housing investment 
Total Liabilities 

Stockholders’ Equity 
Preferred stock par value $5 per share, 400,000 shares authorized, 
324,150 and 327,350 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 
2016, respectively. 
Common stock par value $5 per share, 6,000,000 shares authorized, 
3,255,036 and 3,270,315 shares issued and outstanding for 2016 and 
2015, respectively 
Additional paid in capital 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 
Total Stockholders' Equity 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity 

2017 

2016 

$                       917  $                    1,155 
85,481 
88,967 
135 
135 
- 
                         565 
                         380 
                              - 
$                  90,964  $                  86,771 

$                            -  $                       313 
307 
177 
- 
86 
                              - 
                         162 
$                       263  $                       782 

$                    7,529  $                    7,609 

           16,275 

           16,352 

10,225 
60,814 
                   (4,142) 
                    90,701 
$                  90,964 

10,684 
54,509 
                   (3,165) 
                    85,989 
$           86,771 

Statements of Income 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

2017 

2016 

2015 

Income 
Dividends from affiliate 
Net limited partnership income (loss) 
Total Income 

Expenses 
Total Expenses 

$                     5,000  $                     5,000  $                     2,500 
                              5 
                               - 
                          162 
                       2,505 
                       5,000 
                       5,162 

                            47 

                              1 

                            21 

Net income before income tax expense (benefit) 
and undistributed subsidiary net income 

5,115 

4,999 

2,484 

Income Tax Expense (Benefit) 

                         (95) 

                       (249) 

                       (191) 

Income before undistributed subsidiary  
net income 

5,210 

5,248 

2,675 

Undistributed subsidiary net income  

                3,800 

                       4,320 

                       5,742 

Net Income F&M Bank Corp. 

$              9,010  $                     9,568  $                     8,417 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 23 

PARENT COMPANY ONLY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED): 

Statements of Cash Flows 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities 
Net income 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net 
cash provided by operating activities: 
Undistributed subsidiary income 
Deferred tax (benefit) expense 
Decrease (increase) in other assets 
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities 
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities 
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities 
Repurchase of preferred stock 
Repurchase of common stock 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 
Dividends paid in cash 
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities 

2017 

2016 

2015 

$                  9,010  $                  9,568  $                       8,417 

(3,800) 
(112) 
            (1,256) 
                      (77) 
                    3,765 

(4,320) 
5 
            - 
                    (535) 
                    4,718 

(5,742) 
(81) 
            1,300 
                          (143) 
                         3,751 

                          - 

                          - 

                          - 

(101) 
(712) 
197 
                 (3,387) 
                 (4,003) 

(1,961) 
(577) 
183 
                 (3,115) 
                 (5,470) 

(289) 
146 
                       (2,915) 
                       (3,058) 

Net (Decrease) increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents 

(238) 

(752) 

693 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Year 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Year 

                    1,155 
                         1,214 
$                     917  $                  1,155  $                       1,907 

                    1,907 

NOTE 24 

INVESTMENT IN VBS MORTGAGE, LLC 

On November 3, 2008, the Bank acquired a 70% ownership interest in VBS Mortgage, LLC (formerly Valley Broker 
Services, DBA VBS Mortgage). VBS originates both conventional and government sponsored mortgages for sale in the 
secondary  market.  Accordingly,  the  Company  consolidated  the  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses  of  VBS 
Mortgage, LLC and reflected the issued and outstanding interest not held by the Company in its consolidated financial 
statements as noncontrolling interest. 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (dollars in thousands) 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

NOTE 25 

INVESTMENT IN VS TITLE, LLC 

On January 1, 2017, the Bank acquired a 76% ownership interest in VS Title, LLC (VST). VST provides title insurance 
services to the customers in our market area, including VBS Mortgage and the Bank.  VBS Mortgage is the minority 
owner in VST and accordingly, the Company consolidated the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of VST, however 
there is no noncontrolling interest reflected as the 24% is included in VBS Mortgage’s income.  

NOTE 26   ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS 

The balances in accumulated other comprehensive loss are shown in the following table: 

dollars in thousands 

Balance at December, 31, 2014 
  Change in unrealized securities gains (losses), net of tax 
  Change in unfunded pension liability, net of tax 

Unrealized 
Securities Gains 
(Losses) 
                          3  
                          1  
                          -                      (354) 

Accumulated 
Other 
Adjustments 
Comprehensive 
Related to 
Loss 
Pension Plan 
              (2,330) 
                     (2,327) 
                         -                                    1  
                        (354) 

Balance at December, 31, 2015 
  Change in unrealized securities gains (losses), net of tax 
  Change in unfunded pension liability, net of tax 

                          4  
                          2  
                          -                      (487) 

              (2,684) 
                     (2,680) 
                         -                                    2  
                        (487) 

Balance at December, 31, 2016 

 $                       6  

 $           (3,171) 

 $                  (3,165) 

  Change in unrealized securities gains (losses), net of tax 

                     (26)  

                         -                               (26)  

  Change in unfunded pension liability, net of tax 

                          -                      (951) 

                        (951) 

Balance at December, 31, 2017 

 $                      (20) 

 $           (4,122) 

 $                  (4,142) 

There were no reclassifications adjustments reported on the consolidated statements of income during 2015, 2016 or 
2017. 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders 
F&M Bank Corp. 
Timberville, Virginia 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of F&M Bank Corp. and subsidiaries (the Company) 
as  of  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income,  comprehensive  income, 
stockholders’  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the  years  then  ended,  and  the  related  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements (collectively, the financial statements).  In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations 
and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America. 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway  Commission  in  2013,  and  our  report  dated  March  16,  2018  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  the 
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Basis for Opinion 
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities 
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and 
perform  the  audits  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of  material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.  Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material 
misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to 
those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in 
the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates 
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our 
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

/s/ Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2016. 

Winchester, Virginia 
March 16, 2018 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders 
F&M Bank Corp. 
Timberville, Virginia 

Opinion on the Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
We have audited F&M Bank Corp. and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of 
December  31,  2017,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the 
Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  in  2013.  In  our  opinion,  the  Company 
maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based 
on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013. 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated 
statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended of the 
Company and our report dated March 16, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion. 

Basis for Opinion 
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for 
its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  in  the  accompanying  Report  of 
Management’s Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. 
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the 
PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was 
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial 
reporting,  assessing  the  risk  that  a  material  weakness  exists,  and  testing  and  evaluating  the  design  and  operating 
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures 
as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those 
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly 
reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the  company;  (2)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that 
transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance 
with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company's assets that could have 
a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate. 

/s/ Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C., Winchester, Virginia                                                                         March 16, 2018 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders  
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Timberville, Virginia 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  income,  comprehensive  income,  changes  in 
stockholders’  equity,  and  cash  flows  of  F&M  Bank  Corp.  and  Subsidiaries  (the  “Company”)  for  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2015.   These  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the 
financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to 
perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control 
over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for 
the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 
Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the 
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates 
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit 
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results 
of F&M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries’ results of operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2015, in 
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. 

/s/ Elliott Davis, PLLC  

Raleigh, North Carolina  
March 29, 2016 

96 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 

None. 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures  

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company, under the supervision and with the participation of management, 
including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the 
design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual 
Report  on  Form  10-K.  Based  on  that  evaluation,  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  have 
concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2017 to ensure 
that  information  required  to  be  disclosed  by  the  Company  in  reports  that  it  files  or  submits  under  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities 
and Exchange Commission rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, 
including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding 
required disclosures.  

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over 
financial  reporting  during  the  Company’s  quarter  ended  December  31,  2017  that  have  materially  affected,  or  are 
reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Because of the inherent 
limitations in all control systems, the Company believes that no system of controls, no matter how well designed and 
operated, can provide absolute assurance that all control issues have been detected.  

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  Management is responsible for the preparation 
and fair presentation of the financial statements included in the annual report.  The financial statements have been 
prepared  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America  and  reflect 
management’s  judgements  and  estimates  concerning  effects  of  events  and  transactions  that  are  accounted  for  or 
disclosed.  

Management is also responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. 
The  Company's  internal  control over  financial  reporting  includes  those policies  and procedures  that pertain  to  the 
Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report reliable financial data. Management recognizes that there 
are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility 
of human error and the circumvention or overriding of internal control. Accordingly, even effective internal control 
over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Further, 
because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting may vary over time. 
In  order  to  ensure  that  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  effective,  management  regularly 
assesses such controls and did so most recently for its financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. This assessment 
was based on criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in Internal Control Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO, 2013) of the Treadway Commission. Based 
on this assessment, management believes the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2017. 

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 has been audited 
by Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C., the independent registered public accounting firm which also audited the Company’s 
consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  Yount, Hyde & Barbour’s attestation 
report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is included in Item 8 “Financial Statements and 
Supplemental Data” on this Form 10-K.  

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures, continued 

The  Board  of  Directors,  acting  through  its  Audit  Committee,  is  responsible  for  the  oversight  of  the Company's 
accounting  policies,  financial  reporting  and  internal  control.  The  Audit  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  is 
comprised entirely of outside directors who are independent of management. The Audit Committee is responsible for 
the  appointment  and  compensation  of  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  and  approves  decisions 
regarding  the  appointment  or  removal  of  the  Company  Auditor.  It  meets  periodically  with  management,  the 
independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  and  the  internal  auditors  to  ensure  that  they  are  carrying  out  their 
responsibilities.  The  Audit  Committee  is  also  responsible  for  performing  an  oversight  role  by  reviewing  and 
monitoring the financial, accounting and auditing procedures of the Company in addition to reviewing the Company's 
financial reports. The independent registered public accounting firm and the internal auditors have full and unlimited 
access to the Audit Committee, with or without management, to discuss the adequacy of internal control over financial 
reporting, and any other matter which they believe should be brought to the attention of the Audit Committee. The 
Company's independent registered public accounting firm has also issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of 
internal control over financial reporting. 

Item 9B.  Other Information  

None. 

PART III 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 

Information  regarding  directors,  executive  officers  and  the  audit  committee  financial  expert  is  incorporated  by 
reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement for the Company’s 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders 
to be held May 12, 2018 (“Proxy Statement”), under the captions “Election of Directors,” “Board of Directors and 
Committees,” and “Executive Officers.”  

Information on Section 16(a) beneficial ownership reporting compliance for the directors and executive officers of the 
Company  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  the  Proxy  Statement  under  the  caption  “Section  16(a)  Beneficial 
Ownership Reporting Compliance.”  

The Company has adopted a broad based code of ethics for all employees and directors. The Company has also adopted 
a code of ethics tailored to senior officers who have financial responsibilities. A copy of the codes may be obtained 
without charge by request from the corporate secretary.  

Item 11.  Executive Compensation  

This information is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement under the caption “Executive Compensation.”  

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters  

This information is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement under the caption “Ownership of Company 
Common Stock” and “Executive Compensation” and from Item 5 of this 10-K.  

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Directors Independence  

This information is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement under the caption “Interest of Directors and 
Officers in Certain Transactions.”  

Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services  

This  information  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  the  Proxy  Statement  under  the  caption  “Principal  Accounting 
Fees.”  

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART IV 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

The following financial statements are filed as a part of this report: 

(a)(1)  Financial Statements  

The following consolidated financial statements and reports of independent auditors of the Company are in Part II, 
Item 8 on pages 38 thru 89: 

Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2017 and 2016 ..................................................................................... 42 
Consolidated Statements of Income - Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 ............................................ 43 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - Years ended December 31, 2017, 
  2016 and 2015 .......................................................................................................................................................... 44 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity – Years ended December 31, 2017, 
   2016 and 2015……………………………………………………………………………………………………....45 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years ended December 31, 2017, 
  2016 and 2015 .......................................................................................................................................................... 46 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements .......................................................................................................... 47 
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms ..................................................................................... 94 

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules 

All schedules are omitted since they are not required, are not applicable, or the required information is shown in the 
consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. 

(a)(3) Exhibits 

The following exhibits are filed as a part of this form 10-K: 

Exhibit No. 
3.1 

3.2 

3.2 

10.1 

Restated Articles of Incorporation of F & M Bank Corp., incorporated herein by reference from F & M Bank 
Corp.’s, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed November 14, 2013. 
Articles  of  Amendment  to  the  Articles  of  Incorporation  of  F&M  Bank  Corp.  designating  the  Series  A 
Preferred Stock incorporated herein by reference from F&M Bank Corp,’s current report on Form 8-K filed 
December 4, 2014. 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of F & M Bank Corp., incorporated herein by reference from F & M Bank 
Corp.’s, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed March 8, 2002. 
Change in Control Severance Plan, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to F&M Bank Corp.’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed December 22, 2010. 
VBA  Executives  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  for  Farmers  &  Merchants  Bank,  incorporated  herein  by 
reference from F & M Bank Corp.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed March 28, 2014.  
VBA Directors Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan for Farmers & Merchants Bank, incorporated 
herein by reference from F & M Bank Corp.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed March 28, 2014.  
Subsidiaries of the Registrant  
21.0 
Consent of Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. 
23.1 
Consent of Elliott Davis, PLLC  
23.2 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
31.1 
31.2 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
32.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-

10.3 

10.2 

101 

Oxley Act of 2002. 
The following materials from F&M Bank Corp.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 
31, 2017, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL), include: (i) Consolidated Balance 
Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
and (vi) related notes (furnished herewith).  

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART IV 

Item 16  Form 10-K Summary 

Not Required 

Shareholders may obtain, free of charge, a copy of the exhibits to this Report on Form 10-K by writing Larry A. 
Caplinger, Corporate Secretary, at F & M Bank Corp., P.O. Box 1111, Timberville, VA 22853 or our website at 
www.fmbankva.com. 

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused 
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

F & M Bank Corp. 
(Registrant) 

By: 

/s/ Dean W. Withers 
Dean W. Withers 
Director and Chief Executive Officer 

By: 

/s/ Carrie A. Comer 
Carrie A. Comer 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

Date 

Date 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and as of the date indicated. 

Signature 

/s/ Larry A. Caplinger 
Larry A. Caplinger 

/s/ John N. Crist 
John N. Crist 

/s/ Ellen R. Fitzwater 
Ellen R. Fitzwater 

/s/ Daniel J. Harshman 
Daniel J. Harshman 

/s/ Richard S. Myers 
Richard S. Myers 

/s/ Michael W. Pugh 
Michael W. Pugh  

/s/ Christopher S. Runion 
Christopher S. Runion 

/s/ Ronald E. Wampler 
Ronald E. Wampler 

/s/ E. Ray Burkholder 
E. Ray Burkholder 

/s/ Peter H. Wray 
Peter H. Wray 

Title 

Director 

Director 

Date 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

Director, Chair 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

March 16, 2018 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 21 List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant 

  Farmers & Merchants Bank (incorporated in Virginia) 
    VST Title, LLC (a Virginia Limited Liability Company) 
  TEB Life Insurance Company (incorporated in Arizona), a subsidiary of Farmers & Merchants Bank 
  Farmers & Merchants Financial Services (incorporated in Virginia), a subsidiary of Farmers & Merchants Bank 
  VBS Mortgage, LLC (a Virginia Limited Liability Company), a subsidiary of Farmers & Merchants Bank 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 23.1 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements (No. 333-160715) on Form 
S-3 and Form S-8 (No. 333-159074) of F&M Bank Corp. and subsidiaries of our reports, dated March 
16,  2018,  relating  to  our  audits  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  internal  control  over 
financial reporting, appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of F&M Bank Corp. and subsidiaries 
for the year ended December 31, 2017.   

/s/ Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C.  

Winchester, Virginia 
March 16, 2018 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 23.1 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders 
F & M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries 
Timberville, Virginia  

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 (File No. 333-
160715)  and  Form  S-8  (File  No.  333-159074)  of  F&M  Bank  Corp.  of  our  report  dated  March  29,  2016, 
relating  to  our  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015, 
which appear in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of F&M Bank Corp. and Subsidiaries for the year ended 
December 31, 2017. 

/s/ Elliott Davis, PLLC 

Raleigh, North Carolina 
March 16, 2018 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.1 

CERTIFICATION 
OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 
Pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
(Chapter 63, Title 18 USC Section 1350 (A) and (B) 

I, Dean W. Withers, certify that:  

1. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of F & M Bank Corp.: 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state 
a  material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;  

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly  present  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;  

4.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and 
have:  

(a)  designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including 
its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the 
period in which this report is being prepared;  

(b)   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial    

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c)  evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and as of a date within 90 days prior to the 
filing date of this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”); and  

(d)  disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that 
occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the 
case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and  

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board 
of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):  

(a)  all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to  adversely  affect  the  registrant’s  ability  to  record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and  

(b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. 

Date: March 16, 2018 

/s/ Dean W. Withers 

Dean W. Withers 
Chief Executive Officer 

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
  
 
  
  
 
A  signed  original  of  this  written  statement  required  by  Section  302  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002  has  been 
provided to F & M Bank Corp. and will be retained by F & M Bank Corp. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange 
Commission or its staff upon request. 

107 

 
Exhibit 31.2 

CERTIFICATION 
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER 
Pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
(Chapter 63, Title 18 USC Section 1350 (A) and (B) 

I, Carrie A. Comer, certify that:  

1. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of F & M Bank Corp.: 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state 
a  material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;  

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly  present  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;  

4.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and 
have:  

(a)  designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including 
its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the 
period in which this report is being prepared;  

(b)   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial    

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c)   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and as of a date within 90 days prior to the 
filing date of this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”); and  

(d)    disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that 
occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the 
case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and  

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board 
of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):  

(a)  all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to  adversely  affect  the  registrant’s  ability  to  record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and  

(b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. 

Date: March 16, 2018 

/s/ Carrie A. Comer 

Carrie A. Comer 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 

A  signed  original  of  this  written  statement  required  by  Section  302  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002  has  been 
provided to F & M Bank Corp. and will be retained by F & M Bank Corp. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange 
Commission or its staff upon request. 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
 
Exhibit 32.1 

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted  
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002  

In connection with the Annual Report of F & M Bank Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ending 
December  31, 2017  as  filed with  the  Securities  and Exchange  Commission on  the date  hereof (the  “Report”),  the 
undersigned Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 
§1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that based on their knowledge and belief: 1) 
the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and 
2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results 
of operations of the Company as of and for the periods covered in the Report.  

/s/ Dean W. Withers 
Dean W. Withers 
Chief Executive Officer 

/s/ Carrie A. Comer 
Carrie A. Comer 
Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer 

March 16, 2018 

109