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Fresh Del Monte Produce Inc.

fdp · NYSE Consumer Defensive
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Industry Agricultural Farm Products
Employees 33798
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FY2018 Annual Report · Fresh Del Monte Produce Inc.
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First Derivatives plc 

Annual report and accounts 
Registered number:  NI 30731 
Year ended 28 February 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Contents 

Strategic report 

Results at a glance 
About FD 
Business Model 
Chairman’s Review 
Chief Executive’s Review 
Financial Review 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Governance 

Board of Directors 
Directors’ Report 
Corporate Governance 
Report of the Remuneration Committee 
Report of the Audit Committee 
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the Annual Report 
and the financial statements 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of First Derivatives plc 

Financials 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 
Consolidated balance sheet 
Company balance sheet 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
Company statement of changes in equity 
Consolidated cash flow statement 
Company cash flow statement 
Notes forming part of the financial statements 

Other information 

Directors and advisers 
Global directory 

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report 

Results at a glance 

Highlights for the year  

Operational highlights: 

•  Group revenue up 23% 

•  Strong growth in software revenue, up 27% as a result of new contract wins and continued penetration 

of the existing customer base  

•  Strategic progression in our managed services and consulting activities resulting in revenue growth of 

17%  

•  The  implementation  and  ongoing  support  of  a  third-party  system  for  a  New  York-based  bank, 

representing one of the largest contracts in our history 

•  FinTech revenue up 22% to £142.9m (2017: £117.4m), driven by growth in recurring software revenue 

and an expansion of services provided to clients 

•  MarTech  revenue  up  24%  to  £38.2m  (2017:  £30.7m),  driven  by  growth  in  subscriptions  for  our 

Marketing Cloud platform, powered by our Kx technology 

•  High-profile  client  including  with  a  Fortune  500  manufacturing  company,  a  FTSE  100  gaming 
company and Aston Martin-Red Bull Racing leading to inbound interest across a range of markets 

•  Continued  investment  across  the  Group,  including  machine  learning  and  AI  initiatives,  to  further 

penetrate our addressable market in software 

•  Boosted capabilities in telco, a key target market, through the acquisition of Telconomics 

•  Accelerated  recruitment  to  390  graduates  during  the  year,  up  94%  on  prior  year  and  reflecting 

confidence in the continued demand for the Group’s software and consulting services 

Financial highlights: 

Year ended 28 February 

2018 

2017 

Change 

Revenue 
Adjusted* EBITDA  
Profit before tax 
Adjusted** profit after tax 
Adjusted** fully diluted EPS 
Full year dividend per share  
Net debt 

£186.0m 
£34.1m 
£12.1m 
£19.5m 
72.2p 
24.0p 
£16.2m 

£151.7m 
£28.8m 
£12.5m 
£16.1m 
61.3p 
20.0p 
£13.5m 

23% 
19% 
-3% 
21% 
18% 
20% 

*  Adjusted for share-based payments and acquisition costs 
** Adjusted for amortisation of acquired intangibles, share-based payment charge, acquisition costs, foreign currency translation 
effect, share of loss of associate and exceptional taxation 

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

About FD 

FD  is  a  multinational  software  and  consulting  Group,  engaged  particularly  with  finance,  technology, 
retail,  pharma,  manufacturing  and  energy  institutions.  The  Group’s  roots  are  in  the  capital  markets 
industry, where its work on supporting mission-critical systems led to the development of Kx technology 
which addresses the most demanding data challenges its clients face. Although these activities remain a 
key focus and driver of growth, the Group has also expanded its scope of activities to target a range of 
other markets where Kx provides a competitive advantage.  

The Group’s strategic objectives are: 

•  To grow its managed service and consulting activities, enabling the Group to become a leading global 

capital markets practice 

In  its  Managed  Services  and  Consulting  division,  the  Group  leverages  its  consultants’  combination  of 
capital  markets  domain  expertise  and  technical  skills.  These  skill  sets  are  developed  using  proprietary 
training  programmes  which  distinguish  FD  staff  from  those  of  competitors.  The  Group  believes  that  its 
increasing  scale  and  reputation  for  delivery,  combined  with  the  ability  to  deliver  from  near-shore 
locations, will enable it to achieve its strategic objective. 

•  To  exploit  the  technological  leadership  it  has  established  in  finance  through  the  development  of  Kx 

technology 

Kx  technology  was  developed  for  use  cases  involving  market  data  within  capital  markets.  It  has 
established a market-leading position, reflected both in its client base (which includes the global top 20 
investment  banks)  and  its  dominance  of  industry  benchmarks  as  published  by  STAC,  an  independent 
technology  evaluation  body.  The  Group  continues  to  see  multiple  growth  opportunities  within  finance, 
both  from  winning  new  clients  and  increasing  the  range  of  solutions  in  use  at  existing  clients.  In 
particular, the Group expects to benefit from the growing trend towards the use of public Cloud services 
to store and process market data. 

•  To  use  the  performance  advantages  Kx  enjoys  through  its  ability  to  handle  large  volumes  of  data, 

particularly real-time or streaming data, to penetrate other markets.  

Although originally developed for use in capital markets, Kx is data agnostic. The Group has a long-held 
belief  that  Kx’s  performance  advantages  make  it  attractive  within  new  markets  facing  data  challenges 
involving volume and/or velocity of data. In recent years FD has begun to enter those markets it considers 
to be the most attractive by virtue of the size of the addressable opportunity and the competitive advantage 
Kx  provides.  While  the  underlying  Kx  platform  does  not  require  customisation  for  each  new  market, 
domain  expertise  is  required  to  ensure  the  Group  addresses  and  solves  the  most  applicable  data 
challenges.  This  domain  knowledge  has  been  obtained  through  a  number  of  approaches,  including 
financially-disciplined acquisitions, partnerships, OEM relationships and direct recruitment. While still in 
the early stages of its strategy for new markets, the Group is encouraged by the performance advantages 
Kx has demonstrated and early client wins across a number of industries. 

In setting its strategic objectives, the Group’s overall aim is to increase shareholder value by consistently 
growing revenue and profits while also continuing to invest to take advantage of opportunities to increase 
its  total  addressable  market.  The  strategy  to  achieve  this  expansion  is  a  combination  of  organic  growth 
supported by investment in the Group’s infrastructure supplemented by selective acquisitions that create 
opportunities for further development. 

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Organic  growth  is  driven  by  providing  innovative  products  and  services  to  clients.  These  products  and 
services  are  typically  focused  on  delivering  additional  revenue  opportunities,  increasing  cost  efficiency 
and/or overcoming operational challenges within the clients’ businesses. The Group’s capability to deliver 
these benefits has resulted in growing demand for its software and consulting services. The Group has a 
track  record  of  identifying,  acquiring  and  integrating  businesses  that  provide  strategic  benefits,  such  as 
domain expertise within target markets, to complement its organic growth. 

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Business Model 

Headquartered  in  Newry,  Northern  Ireland  and  with  fourteen  offices  across  four  continents,  the  Group 
operates  on  a  global  basis.  Its  products  and  services  are  interlinked  and  complement  each  other, 
simplifying the management of Group operations. 

The  Group  operates  common  systems  and  applies  common  policies,  with  central  support  functions 
including finance, training, internal IT systems management, accounting and human resources delivered 
primarily from its headquarters. In addition to these core activities, each of the Group’s business units has 
its own staff charged with delivering the Group’s strategy, directed by an executive leadership team. 

In  managed  services  and  consulting,  the  Group  provides  a  range  of  services  to  its  clients  in  the  capital 
markets  sector  across  the  world,  focused  on  supporting  mission-critical  systems  as  well  as  helping  its 
clients  achieve  and  maintain  regulatory  compliance.  This  can  be  delivered  by  operating  either  from  the 
client site or on a near-shore basis (or adopting a hybrid approach). The Group’s managed services and 
consulting activities are well-established, with more than 20 years of expertise. Clients include many of 
the  world’s  leading  banks  and  the  Group  supports  their  activities  across  a  range  of  activities  including 
credit, interest rate, foreign exchange, equity, cash and derivatives markets. 

The underlying philosophy in this business remains unchanged since inception; to provide data scientists 
who  understand  both  the  capital  markets  sector  itself  and  the  best-of-breed  technologies  that  meet  its 
needs. The Group seeks to undertake both the implementation of this technology and its ongoing support 
once it has been installed; this increases the level of repeat revenue, since these implementations typically 
last  for  many  years.  The  Group  operates  a  direct  sales  model  through  more  than  eighty  Master  Service 
Agreements with leading banks globally. 

Within the Group’s software activities, it provides both core Kx technology solutions comprising database 
and  platform  technologies  as  well  as  applications  based  on  Kx.  Its  proprietary  database,  kdb+,  is  the 
world’s  best  performing  in-memory,  time-series  database,  as  independently  evaluated  by  the  Securities 
Technology  Analysis  Center  (STAC).  Together  with  the  enterprise  platform  which  supports  it,  Kx  is 
designed for rapid and efficient analysis of enormous volumes of data, particularly streaming data.  

The  compact  nature  of  Kx  code  enables  the  technology  to  compete  both  on  performance  (many  times 
faster  than  other  solutions)  and  on  total  cost  of  ownership  (significantly  lower  computing  infrastructure 
required). These advantages have long been recognised within capital markets, where Kx has been utilised 
for a range of use cases, particularly based on the capture and analysis of market data. In recent years the 
Group  has  developed  a  broad  range  of  capital  markets  applications,  including  market  and  trading 
surveillance, pre-trade decision making, post-trade reporting and liquidity management.  

The Group operates a predominantly direct sales model across its software activities within finance. The 
Group’s  strategy  on  software  sales  is  to  sign  annual  recurring  licenses  with  clients,  which  underpins 
Group revenues for future periods. 

The Group also sees opportunities for its Kx technology, and applications built on the platform, in new 
markets  outside  finance.  Whereas  historically  the  volume  and  velocity  challenges  confronting  capital 
markets  were  not  as  widespread  elsewhere,  the  explosion  of  data  in  recent  years,  particularly  from 
connected machines and sensors, has created opportunities across a number of industries.  

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

The Group has identified digital marketing (MarTech), telecoms, utilities, retail, pharma and the Industrial 
Internet of Things as markets that are particularly attractive. It has therefore invested in sales, engineering 
and  R&D  to  target  these  markets,  as  well  as  forming  partnerships  and  making  acquisitions  where 
appropriate.  

The Group employs a range of strategies to penetrate new markets. These include both cross-sector lead 
generation and direct sales teams, partnerships and OEM agreements, and revenue share agreements with 
organisations  using  the  Kx  platform  to  deliver  applications  targeted  at  specific  market  segments.  This 
flexible and adaptive approach provides the Group with a wide range of opportunities, both in terms  of 
markets and geographies. 

Business Environment and Market Potential 
As noted above, the Group operates in a number of large addressable markets and is involved in many of 
the leading developments within the technology sector.  

In managed services and consulting, industry analysts Gartner estimates the total spend on IT services in 
banking in 2018 to be $218 billion, providing vast potential for the Group to grow its revenues. Neither is 
the Group’s potential to exploit this opportunity constrained by its ability to recruit and train suitable staff 
–  for  every  graduate  recruited  by  the  Group  in  2017,  there  were  in  excess  of  25  suitably-qualified 
applicants.  

With  regard  to  the  opportunity  for  Kx,  estimates  derived  from  working  with  industry  analysts  Gartner 
indicate the Group’s addressable market within finance to be $11 billion in 2018, rising to $15 billion in 
2020.  When  aggregated  with  opportunities  in  other  sectors,  the  total  addressable  market  of  the  Group’s 
software is estimated to be $63 billion in 2018, rising to $83 billion in 2020.  

The  size  and  growth  of  these  addressable  markets  results  from  the  increasing  level  of  data  generated 
globally and the use of analytics software to generate insight and action from large and/or real time data 
(also  known  as  Big  Fast  Data).  All  indicators  are  that  this  trend  will  continue  unabated,  particularly  as 
Cloud Computing facilitates access to immense processing capabilities. 

IDC estimates that the amount of data which can be usefully analysed will grow by a factor of 100 to 57 
trillion gigabytes by 2025, with a particular focus from embedded systems and the Internet of Things, both 
areas where Kx technology has a competitive advantage. In addition, real-time data is forecast to account 
for almost 30% of all data by 2025, compared to less than 20% currently, again driven by growth in the 
Internet of Things.  

Given  the  growth  in  its  markets,  the  Group  devotes  considerable  resources  to  ensuring  its  software 
remains at the forefront of emerging technology trends. In addition to its central R&D teams and feedback 
from existing and potential clients, the Group’s research facility, Kx Labs, is charged with ensuring Kx 
benefits from changes in the technology landscape. This has led to some impressive tangible results.  

Given  the  vast  addressable  markets  for  both  its  managed  services  and  consulting  propositions  and  its 
world-leading technology, the Group believes it is still in the early phase of commercial exploitation of 
these  opportunities.  It  remains  committed  to  a  financially-disciplined  approach  to  expansion  which 
provides the optimum balance between risk and reward for shareholders. 

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Chairman’s Review 

The Board is pleased to report another year of strong growth and progress against our strategic objectives. 
The Group has made further progress in its journey to become a global leader in ultra-high performance 
analytics and in doing so has undergone significant change and delivered substantial growth. While much 
remains to be done if the Board’s ambitious growth plans are to be met, I am encouraged by the progress 
so  far  and  confident  both  in  the  capabilities  of  our  technology  and  in  the  ability  and  determination  of 
management and staff to deliver. 

The Group’s strategy has remained consistent since the acquisition of Kx Systems in October 2014, which 
enabled us to take control of our entire technology stack and increased the total size of the market we are 
able to address by a factor of more than ten to in excess of $60bn. To summarise, our strategy is: 

•  To become a leading global capital markets practice  
•  To capitalise on the leading position of our Kx technology in capital markets; and 
•  To use Kx’s performance advantages to penetrate new markets 

We continue to make progress on each of these objectives, as detailed in this annual report, and a measure 
of that success is that even though our FinTech business has continued to grow strongly in recent years, 
nearly a quarter of Group revenue now comes from other markets.  

The year in review 
Group revenue increased by 23% to £186.0m and adjusted earnings per share increased by 18% to 72.2p 
(2017:  61.3p).  The  Group  also  strengthened  its  operational  capabilities  to  support  its  increasing  scale. 
During  the  year  we  accelerated  our  recruitment  and  training,  reflecting  strong  demand  for  our  software 
and  services.  This  was  driven  by  increased  activity  within  our  client  base  to  maximise  the  value  they 
obtain from data and by our increased capacity to meet that demand through the breadth and depth of our 
skills and proprietary methodologies.  

Balancing growth and investment 
In recent years the Board has been careful to balance growth with the necessary investment to enable the 
Group  to  achieve  its  strategic  objectives.  Adjusted  EBITDA  margins  were  slightly  lower  at  18%, 
reflecting  this  investment,  yet  the  Group  delivered  growth  in  adjusted  EBITDA  of  19%.  Over  the  last 
three years, the Group has delivered a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 31% in revenue and 30% 
in  adjusted  EBITDA.  The  Board  will  continue  to  evaluate  the  level  of  investment  required  to  optimise 
returns for shareholders over the medium term.  

Meeting the needs of all stakeholders 
In  addition  to  shareholders,  the  Board  acts  in  the  interests  of  all  stakeholders,  including  creditors, 
suppliers, employees and the local community and has detailed policies in place to ensure this continues to 
be the case. Within the past year, the Group has reported on its Gender Pay Gap and published the results 
on its web site. While performing better than its peers, more remains to be done, particularly to increase 
the proportion of women in senior management positions. The Group has a strategy in place to achieve 
this objective. 

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Corporate development 
No  substantial  acquisitions  were  made  during the year,  however  in  December  2017 the  Group  acquired 
Telconomics, a provider of telco analytics software, for consideration of up to €2.5m (excluding working 
capital  adjustment),  as  part  of  its  strategy  to  penetrate  the  telco  market.  Based  in  Madrid,  Spain, 
Telconomics  has  developed  products  to  assist  telcos  in  areas  such  as  network  development  strategy, 
network  planning  and  network  optimisation.  These  products  are  being  integrated  into  the  Kx  Telco 
Solutions suite, and will assist the Group in conversations with existing and potential telco clients.  

Board Changes 
Donna  Troy,  who  is  U.S.-based  and  has  extensive  sales  leadership  experience  within  multinational 
technology  companies,  was  appointed  as  a  Non-Executive  Director  in  January  2018.  Jon  Robson,  who 
joined the Group as a Non-Executive Director in 2015, took up an executive role as senior vice-president 
and consequently stepped down from the Board in May 2017. I welcome Donna to the Board and thank 
Jon for his contribution.  

The  Board  recognises  the  talent  and  hard  work  of  all  employees  who  have  helped  deliver  another 
successful  year.  The  focus  across  the  Group  is  on  driving  further  growth,  in  line  with  our  strategic 
objectives, for the benefit of all our clients, partners, colleagues and shareholders. 

Seamus Keating    
Chairman 

     21 May 2018  

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Chief Executive’s Review 

This  year  has  seen  exciting  progress  in  our  ambitious  growth  plans,  with  important  new  contract  wins 
across all our markets, the strengthening of our technology lead and an expansion of our routes to market. 
Revenue  increased  by  23%  to  £186.0m  and,  following  our  investment  to  target  new  opportunities, 
adjusted EBITDA increased by 19% to £34.1m. 

Our  software  revenue  grew  by  27%  with  the  highlight  being  our  continued  progress  in  penetrating  our 
vast addressable market. In FinTech, revenue was up 22% as our strong market presence translated into 
further  market  share  gains.  In  MarTech,  increasing  awareness  of  the  high  return  on  investment  that  our 
solutions deliver, combined with the release of additional functionality, drove revenue growth of 24%. In 
other  markets  we  remain  in  ‘launch  mode’  with  revenue  growth  of  41%  representing  a  scratch  on  the 
surface of the market opportunity.  

We reported our 21st consecutive year of double-digit revenue growth in managed services and consulting. 
This  was  achieved  despite  a  reallocation  of  some  resource  to  deliver  implementations  in  our  software 
division  and  underlines  the  strong  demand  for  our  services,  which  was  reflected  in  our  decision  to 
accelerate graduate recruitment during the year, up by 94% to 390 people. 

The combination of our technology lead and large addressable market fuels our confidence in the outlook 
for FD and the associated continuing investment to unlock this potential. While the technology landscape 
continues  to  evolve  rapidly,  our  core  strength  of  ultra-high  performance  data  analytics  is  an  important 
enabler in areas such as machine learning, industrial IoT and blockchain. Our technology is applicable all 
the way from the chip, to the edge, to the Cloud and, as data volumes and velocity trend higher and faster, 
we are excited by the potential to enable the next generation of analytics. 

Software 
Our proprietary Kx technology leads the market in its ability to capture and analyse vast quantities of data, 
both real-time and historic. Kx comprises the kdb+ database, with its highly-efficient 500kb footprint, and 
an  enterprise  layer  providing  vital  functions  such  as  control  and  visualisation.  Together  they  provide  a 
platform  that  enables  organisations  to  meet  the  most  demanding  data  challenges  they  face,  with  an 
efficient design ensuring it can run on a fraction of the hardware required by competing solutions.  These 
core  capabilities,  along  with  the  capacity  to  operate  on  the  chip,  edge  or  cloud  delivers  a  compelling 
solution  for  our  clients.    This  was  evidenced  in  the  year  with  our  software  being  deployed  for  edge 
computing to public environments such as AWS, Azure and the Google cloud. 

Our  efficiency  also  extends  to  internal  development.  Since  our  solutions  are  based  on  a  common 
technology platform, we run single R&D and support teams, providing significant economies of scale and 
reduced development time for new products. 

These  technology  and  commercial  advantages  are  being  increasingly  recognised  across  industries  and 
creating significant opportunities for the Group. Clients have flexibility to develop bespoke analytics for 
their particular requirements or can implement applications developed by ourselves or a growing number 
of OEM partners who use their own domain expertise to provide solutions targeting a particular market.  

The  market  opportunity  for  our  platform  and  applications  is  enormous.  During  the  year,  working  with 
industry  analysts  Gartner,  we  assessed  its  value,  based  on  annual  licenses  alone,  at  least  $63  billion  in 
2018 rising to $83 billion in 2020. The market for professional services associated with these licenses was 
estimated at a further $23bn for 2018.  

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Strategic Report (continued) 

We continued to expand our routes to market during the year, in line with our strategy, to help address this 
opportunity.  In  addition  to  direct  sales,  we  offer  our  software  through  OEM  partners  such  as  Thomson 
Reuters and via revenue share agreements with companies that have specific domain expertise. We signed 
agreements with companies such as Quantile, Cobalt, Rx Data Science Inc., AuditComply and Brainwave 
Bank that entitle us to a share of their revenue in return for the use of Kx to power their solutions. We 
continue, in conjunction with our strategic financial partners such as the Business Growth Fund (BGF), to 
identify and work with companies that wish to use Kx to disrupt markets and have a pipeline of exciting 
opportunities.  

FinTech 
Revenue from our most mature market, FinTech, increased by 22% to £142.9m. A key driver of growth in 
FinTech is the imperative for our clients, particularly investment banks, to maximise the value of the data 
they generate. As a result of our technology’s ability to meet this challenge, we are increasingly involved 
in strategic discussions in which our Kx platform is an enabling technology to achieve desired benefits.  

The  platform  not  only provides  world  leading  data  analytics  capability,  but  also  manages  the  ingestion, 
cleansing and normalising of vast quantities of market, reference and client data, removing manual effort 
and improving accuracy and data accessibility.  

Once implemented, we are able to provide a further range of applications that use Kx to help our clients 
achieve  regulatory  compliance  and  deliver  operational  efficiencies.  An  example  is  our  surveillance 
solution, which continues to win market share driven by its cross-asset capabilities, out-of-the-box alerts, 
flexible configuration and real-time operation. Regulation, including MiFID II, continues to drive contract 
wins, with planning for the Securities Financing Transactions Regulation (SFTR) and Consolidated Audit 
Trail (CAT) requirements, among others, driving demand for our applications. 

Our liquidity management platform also delivered good growth during the year and has a strong pipeline 
of opportunities, with its comprehensive analytics capability complementing an efficient trading platform.  

Overall,  we  continue  to  develop  our  solutions  within  FinTech  and  see  strong  growth  potential  from 
machine  learning,  with  many  of  our  existing  clients  initiating  discussions  around  the  capability  of  our 
technology to improve the efficiency of their business.  

MarTech 
Revenue  from  MarTech  increased  by  24%  to  £38.2m.  In  this  market  we  leverage  the  power  of  Kx  to 
deliver  a  full  B2B  account-based  marketing  platform,  with  an  emphasis  on  predictive  analytics  using 
intent  data  from  internet  search.  In  other  words,  we  help  our  clients  predict  and  convert  their  next 
customer using a range and depth of data that is so vast other technologies cannot compete. The return on 
investment for our clients is compelling and, despite its short history, we are seeing impressive growth in 
the platform’s subscription revenue. 

We continue to develop this platform, branded as MRP Prelytix, particularly to increase its intuitiveness 
and ability to integrate into a wide range of our clients’ systems. During the year we launched an upgraded 
version  of  the  platform,  which  has  been  well  received  and  resulted  in  an  acceleration  of  growth  in  the 
second half of our financial year with good momentum in the current financial year. 

While  to  date  the  majority  of  our  MarTech  clients  have  been  technology  companies,  MRP  Prelytix  is 
applicable to a wide range of industries and we are actively promoting it into new areas. For example, we 
have signed significant deals with companies operating in the banking, financial services, healthcare, food 
services and industrial markets. 

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First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Looking forward we aim to increase both the functionality and ease of use of our platform to increase its 
applicability  to  businesses  of  all  sizes  and  industries.  We  believe  the  macro  trends  in  marketing  are 
playing  to  our  strengths,  particularly  the  desire  among  organisations  to  roll  out  systems  across  their 
operations,  which  our  global  footprint  enables  us  to  achieve.  MarTech  represents  a  large  addressable 
market in which we are clearly differentiated. 

Other Markets 
While FinTech and MarTech are the markets in which we have achieved the greatest commercial progress 
to  date,  a  key  element  of  our  strategy  is  to  establish  Kx  in  other  markets  which  are  challenged  by  data 
volumes  and  velocity.  During  the  year,  revenue  from  these  other  markets  increased  by  41%  to  £5.0m, 
representing encouraging initial traction across a range of high-value opportunities. In particular: 

•  Sensor  analytics  –  we  secured  an  important  contract  win  with  a  Fortune  500  engineering  solutions 
company for the use of Kx as the high-performance data historian and analytics engine in the client's 
fault  detection  product  range.  Initial  implementations,  which  started  after  the  year-end  and  have 
progressed  well,  should  contribute  to  our  growth  in  the  current  year.  This  is  a  high-value  contract 
where Kx's superior analytics performance, handling millions of sensor readings per second, enabled 
us to displace the incumbent solution. 

•  Automotive – we announced that Aston Martin-Red Bull Racing had selected Kx for analytics on data 
from its Formula 1 cars. This reinforces the cutting-edge performance of Kx for sensor analytics within 
automotive, where a wider opportunity to provide analytics for mass produced cars represents a target 
for the Group. 

•  Gaming  –  we  announced  a  contract  win  with  a  FTSE  100  gaming  company  for  the  use  of  Kx  to 

provide data analytics for its operations.  

These contract wins with high profile companies are helping to establish our presence in these new target 
markets. Each of them has led to further inbound interest in our capabilities, helping to boost our pipeline 
and giving us confidence in the outlook for our software business in these markets. 

A further key target market is telco, where we consider Kx to be ideally suited to providing operational 
intelligence.  To  boost  our  presence  in  this  market  we  acquired  Telconomics  in  December  2017,  which 
provides  several  software  products  in  areas  including  network  development  strategy,  network  planning 
and network optimisation.  

We  are  also  exploring  a  number  of  cutting-edge  technology  themes  that  have  the  potential  to  produce 
significant commercial returns. These include blockchain, where Kx is embedded in solutions provided by 
Cobalt DL as it seeks to reduce post-trade risk and cost for financial market participants; dynamic pricing, 
where  Kx  can  analyse  multiple  variables  in  real-time  to  maximise  revenue  for  gaming  companies;  and 
machine learning, where we are involved in a number of projects where Kx is being evaluated as a core 
element of potential solutions.  

Research and development 
We have made significant progress in both the performance and the capabilities of our technology stack 
over the past year, protecting our technology lead and expanding the use of our platform. In particular we: 

•  Released  new  versions  of  our  kdb+  database  and  enterprise  platform,  which  set  new  benchmarks  as 
measured by the Securities Technology Analysis Center, an independent body. We currently hold 34 of 
the  41  STAC  benchmarks,  reinforcing  our  credentials  as  the  world’s  best  performing  time-series 
database. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

•  Announced  a  range  of  measures  to  put  machine  learning  capabilities  at  the  heart  of  our  platform,  in 
response  to  customer  demand,  including  improving  access  to  the  power  of  kdb+  for  Python 
programmers. 

•  Released, after the year end, an on-demand service for our software for use on-premises as well as in 
the Cloud. We also announced that the latest version of Kx supports rapid access to unstructured data, 
broadening our addressable market. 

In addition to technical enhancements we have developed our platform to ensure it is optimised for certain 
use cases such as sensor data analytics and developed analytics which are applicable to a number of the 
new  markets  we  are  targeting.  This  development  work  represents  a  significant  element  of  our  ongoing 
investment to target opportunities in new markets. 

Managed Services and Consulting 
Our  managed  services  and  consulting  activities  delivered  another  solid  performance,  with  growth 
accelerating through the year as a result of our increased recruitment and training efforts. Our activities 
focus on the support of mission-critical systems within banks, ranging from those developed by our clients 
in-house to those supplied by a range of third parties such as Murex and Calypso. We have more than 20 
years  of  experience  working  with  these  systems,  which  has  enabled  us  to  gain  deep  insights  into  our 
clients’ systems and respond rapidly to changing themes and priorities.  

Revenue increased by 17% to £74.1m, driven by growth in the U.S. and Europe as our clients sought our 
assistance with digital transformation projects, complementing our core support activities. Our increasing 
scale  enables  us  to  present  teams  of  diverse  experience  levels  across  the  landscape  of  business  and 
technology  and  to  widen  the  range  of  services  we  provide.  In  particular,  over  the  past  year  we  have 
successfully  introduced  proprietary  methodologies  for  testing  and  migration,  which  are  key  areas  for 
banks as they seek to modernise their IT architecture. 

A key focus for the Group in recent years has been assisting our clients with their regulatory compliance 
initiatives.  This  has  now  broadened  into  wider  conversations  about  data  governance,  involving  systems 
spanning operations, legal and compliance within banks. FD is able to assist through both consulting and 
software solutions around data quality, streamlined processing and global standardisation of processes. 

The quality of our relationships with major banks and the increasingly strategic nature of our engagements 
is encouraging for future growth prospects. We continue to grow the proportion of our revenues that are 
performed remotely, from our near-shore centres and particularly our headquarters in Newry.  

A selection of our new contract wins during the year included: 

•  The implementation and support of a third-party system for a New York-based bank, representing one 

of the largest contracts in our history.  

•  A major upgrade to a third-party system deployed in the U.S. by a European financial institution. 
•  The  development,  implementation  and  support  of  robotic  process  automation  (RPA)  software  for  a 
major  client,  delivering  significant  operational  efficiencies  through  the  elimination  of  manual 
processes. 

Our reputation for delivery and client satisfaction, coupled with the repeat nature of the majority of our 
support engagements with clients, provides a solid revenue base in managed services and consulting. Our 
growth is driven by our increasing scale and the growing breadth of our capabilities, as referenced in the 
contract wins above.  

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Management and Personnel 
The Group now employs more than 2,200 people, up from over 1,750 at the same time last year. FD is a 
dynamic  organisation,  providing  high  quality  training  and  development  and  offering  opportunities  for 
rapid career development in some of the most exciting technology markets in the world. As a result, roles 
within the Group are in high demand and we enjoy strong retention rates. 

Our record growth in graduate recruitment is a statement of confidence both in the talent we are able to 
attract  and  our  growth  prospects.  We  operate  a  comprehensive  training  programme  for  our  graduates 
spanning data science and capital markets, which differentiates us from our competitors and provides the 
flexibility to direct our people to those areas where they can generate the most value for the Group. 

During the year we won two awards, namely Company of the Year at the UK Tech Awards and FinTech 
Company of the Year at the QCA Awards. In large part this was recognition of the efforts of our staff and 
I would like to thank all FD employees for the contribution they have made to our success through their 
hard work, talent and flexibility.  

Current Trading and Outlook 
The new financial year has started well, with a healthy pipeline of new business opportunities and strong 
demand generated by our increasing strategic importance to clients. In particular, we continue to capitalise 
on  the  investments  we  have  made  in  recent  years  in  R&D,  sales  and  marketing  and  expanding  our 
channels to market. The scale of our addressable markets in FinTech, MarTech and elsewhere for our Kx 
technology provides the potential for the Group to continue growing strongly. 

Our  solid  base  of  repeat  and  recurring  revenue  coupled  with  the  strength  of  our  pipeline  provides 
confidence in our outlook and we remain confident that we are on track to deliver further for shareholders. 

Brian Conlon 
Chief Executive Officer 

     21 May 2018 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Financial Review 

Group  revenue  increased  by  23%  to  £186.0m  (2017:  £151.7m),  which  was  predominantly  organic.  An 
analysis of revenue is provided in the table below. 

2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

Change 

Group Revenue 

186,042 

151,697 

23% 

FinTech 
Managed services and consulting 
Software:                         Recurring 
Perpetual licenses 
Implementation and support 

MarTech 
Software:                         Recurring 
Services 

Other Markets 
Software:                         Recurring 
Perpetual licenses 
Implementation and support 

142,857 
74,130 
24,660 
7,016 
37,051 

38,154 
15,454 
22,700 

5,031 
1,088 
270 
3,673 

117,449 
63,494 
20,492 
7,187 
26,275 

30,668 
10,178 
20,490 

3,589 
855 
- 
2,725 

22% 
17% 
20% 
-2% 
41% 

24% 
52% 
11% 

41% 
27% 
- 
35% 

Managed  services  and  consulting  revenue  increased  by  17%  to  £74.1m  and represents  40%  of  Group 
revenue (2017: 42%). Software revenue increased by 27% to £111.9m, with recurring software revenue 
increasing by 31% to £41.2m.   

Adjusted EBITDA as detailed on page 36 increased by 19% to £34.1m (2017: £28.8m), with an adjusted 
EBITDA margin of 18% for the period (2017: 19%), a strong performance given the ongoing investment 
to  deliver  future  growth.  We  have  continued  to  grow  our  sales  and  marketing  capability,  in  addition  to 
adding domain expertise to assist our move into new markets, building out our software solutions delivery 
teams and investing in recruitment and training across the Group.  

The Group continued to invest in R&D to maintain its technology lead, albeit with a greater proportion of 
spend amortised such that the net benefit to the profit and loss fell during the period, as detailed  in  the 
table below. 

Capitalisation of R&D costs 
Amortisation of R&D 
Net capitalisation 
Proportion of software revenue 

2018 
£’000 

7,486 
(6,214) 
1,272 
1% 

2017 
£’000 

7,085 
(4,944) 
2,141 
2% 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

The  adjusted  profit  after  tax  for  the  year  of  £19.5m  (2017:  £16.1m)  represented  growth  of  21%.  The 
Group's effective tax rate was 16% (2017: 28%), the reduction being predominantly attributable to a tax 
credit of £1,431k as a result of the revaluation of our U.S. deferred tax balances following the U.S. tax 
reforms. The adjusted tax rate was 20% (2017: 23%) with the decrease resulting from the reduction in the 
U.K. main rate of corporation tax and an increase in expenses deductible in the U.S. for tax purposes. 

The  fully  diluted  average  number  of  shares  in  issue  increased  to  27.0m  (2017:  26.2m).  This  resulted  in 
adjusted fully diluted earnings per share of 72.2p, representing growth of 18% for the year (2017: 61.3p). 

The calculation of adjusted profit after tax is detailed below. 

Reported profit after tax 

Adjustments for: 
Amortisation of acquired intangibles 
Share-based payment and related costs  
Acquisition costs and changes in contingent purchase consideration 
Loss/(gain) on foreign currency translation 
Share of loss of associate 
Tax effect of the above and U.S. tax reform 

2018 
£'000 

10,208 

4,684 
2,710 
3,570 
1,386 
70 
(3,123) 

2017 
£'000 

9,012 

4,759 
2,056 
2,953 
(1,475) 
24 
(1,252) 

Adjusted profit after tax 

19,505 

16,077 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted) 

Adjusted EPS (fully diluted) 

27.0m 

72.2p 

26.2m 

61.3p 

The Group generated £25.3m of cash from operating activities before taxation payments (2017: £30.3m), 
representing  a  74%  conversion  of  adjusted  EBITDA  (2017:  105%).  The  factors  affecting  conversion 
include the impact of strong trade debtor conversion at the end of the prior year and increased working 
capital absorption in line with the strong revenue growth in the second half of the year.   

The Board has recommended payment of a final dividend of 17.00p per share (2017: 14.00p per  share) 
which,  together  with  the  interim  dividend  of  7.00p  per  share  paid  in  December  2017,  gives  a  total 
dividend  for  the  year  of  24.00p  per  share,  an  increase  of  20%  compared  to  the  prior  year.  The  final 
dividend, if approved at the AGM on 27 June 2018, will be paid on 20 July 2018 to those shareholders on 
the register on 22 June 2018. 

Total assets at 28 February 2018 were £254.6m compared to £253.2m at 28 February 2017. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

The Group operates in a changing economic and technological environment and as a result is exposed to a 
number of risks and uncertainties. Risks are formally reviewed by the Board and appropriate processes put 
in place to monitor and mitigate them. These risks, their potential impact on the Group and the measures 
in place to mitigate them are discussed below. 

Attracting and retaining talent in a competitive environment 
As a software and consultancy provider, FD is dependent on the skill, experience and commitment of its 
employees and particularly on the recruitment and retention of key staff. The performance of the Group 
would be adversely affected if the required staffing levels are not maintained and it seeks to mitigate this 
risk  by  offering  a  rewarding  work  environment  geared  towards  continuing  development.  This  includes 
competitive reward packages and a strong commitment to training and career progression. 

Market risk 
The  Group  operates  in  a  competitive  and  cyclical  market  environment  which  make  it  more  difficult  to 
forecast  future  demand  from  clients.  It  addresses  these  risks  by  targeting  consulting  assignments  with 
long-term visibility, by continuing the professional development of its consultants to increase their skills 
and  experience,  by  seeking  annual  license  agreements  for  software  contracts  and  by  expanding  and 
diversifying its portfolio of software and services offerings. In addition, the Group’s expansion into new 
industries reduces its exposure to sector-specific impacts. 

Technological changes 
Technology  in  the  software  industry  can  change  rapidly.  In order  to  remain  competitive,  it  is  important 
that  the  Group’s  products  remain  up-to-date  and  that  its  development  plans  are  flexible.  Significant 
ongoing investment is made in research and development to allow the identification of, and adaptation to, 
any technological changes that do occur, thereby ensuring that its products continue to meet the demands 
of its clients. In addition to its central R&D team, the Company formed Kx Labs in 2015, which is tasked 
with identifying technology trends and new software product opportunities to further mitigate this risk. 

Retention of key client relationships 
Through  its  superior  products  and  services  coupled  with  high-calibre  implementation  and  support,  FD 
strives  to  maintain  successful  relationships  with  all  its  clients.  Events  outside  of  its  control  such  as 
changes in ownership or business priorities could adversely affect revenues from these relationships. This 
risk  is  mitigated  in  several  ways  including  increasing  the  number  of  clients,  diversification  into  new 
industry  verticals,  a  growing  presence  in  geographic  regions  outside  of  the  UK  and  US  plus  long-term 
contracts wherever possible. A low level of client attrition is evidence of the Group’s success in reducing 
this risk. 

Growth management 
The  Group  has  experienced  several  years  of  strong  growth  and  expects  this  to  continue.  It  needs  to 
manage this growth effectively or there is a risk that the quality of its client offering will drop and/or cost 
control and operational effectiveness will deteriorate. This requires continual improvement in operational, 
financial and management controls, in reporting systems and procedures, and in training programmes to 
motivate, manage and develop employees. Increasing levels of investment are made in each of these areas 
every year to improve and augment existing functions that will continue to manage the Group’s growth. 

On behalf of the Board 

JJ Kearns 
Secretary 

16 

     21 May 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Board of Directors 

Seamus Keating, Chairman  
Seamus was appointed as an independent non-executive director of the Company on 10 December 2012 
and  was  appointed  Non-Executive  chairman  on  18  July  2013.   He  has  over  20  years’  experience  in  the 
global  technology  sector  in  finance  and  operational  roles  and  was  a  main  Board  director  of  Logica  plc 
from 2002 until April 2012. He was Chief Financial Officer of Logica plc from 2002 until 2010 when he 
became  Chief  Operating  Officer  and  head  of  its  Benelux  operations.  Prior  to  his  role  at  Logica  plc,  he 
worked  for  the  Olivetti  Group  from  in  senior  finance  roles  in  the  UK  and  Italy.  He  served  as  non-
executive  director  and  Chairman  of  the  audit  committee  of  Mouchel  plc  from  November  2010  to 
September  2012.  He  is  currently  Chairman  of  Sionnach  Ltd,  the  holding  company  of  Version1  Ltd,  a 
technology services Group, a non-executive director of BGL Group Limited, a non-executive director of 
Callcredit Limited, a non- executive director of Mediclinic International plc and a non-executive director 
of Mi-pay Group plc. 

Brian Conlon, Chief Executive Officer 
Brian founded First Derivatives in 1996 and has led its development ever since. His background is in the 
capital  markets  sector  where,  following  training  with  KPMG,  he  joined  the  risk  management  team  in 
Morgan  Stanley  International,  London.  He  then  joined  SunGard,  a  major  global  derivatives  software 
house,  as  a  capital  markets  consultant,  during  which  time  he  worked  with  more  than  60  financial 
institutions worldwide. He left in 1996 to set up First Derivatives. 

Graham Ferguson, Chief Financial Officer 
Graham  joined  the  Board  of  First  Derivatives  plc  in  September  2008  and  has  responsibility  for  the 
Group’s financial operations. He formerly held senior roles with KPMG, Bank of Ireland and Silverwood 
Property  Developments  Limited  and  is  a  Qualified  Chartered  Accountant.  During  his  career  he  has 
worked on numerous corporate acquisitions and restructuring projects and has experience in business and 
acquisition finance. 

Virginia Gambale, Non-Executive Director 
Virginia joined the Board of First Derivatives plc in March 2015. A U.S. citizen, she is managing partner 
of  Azimuth  Partners  LLC,  which  assists  in  the  development  of  strategies  for  growth,  innovation  and 
international  expansion.  Prior  to  forming  Azimuth,  Virginia  was  a  partner  at  Deutsche  Bank  Capital 
Partners  and  has  also  held  senior  management  positions  such  as  CIO  at  Merrill  Lynch,  Bankers  Trust, 
Deutsche  Bank  and  Marsh  &  McLennan  Companies,  Inc.  Virginia  is  currently  a  Director  of  JetBlue 
Airways Corporation, the public company Regis Corporation, and is a member of the Advisory Board for 
Chicago Trading Company and Nutanix (leading Cloud Computing Provider). 

Keith MacDonald, Non-Executive Director 
Keith is a Chartered Director, a fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland and a director 
of  several  companies  with  significant  international  operations.  Keith  was  formerly  the  Global  Head  of 
Structured Corporate Finance for Lloyds Banking Group and possesses a wealth of knowledge of Capital 
Markets.  Prior  to  joining  Lloyds  Bank  Group,  Keith  had  a  16-year  career  with  Citigroup  during  which 
time  he  held  a  variety  of  senior  positions  in  Europe  and  Asia  including  being  Asia-Pacific  Head  of 
Structured Corporate Finance. He has been a director of First Derivatives plc since June 2011. 

Donna Troy, Non-Executive Director (Appointed 15 January 2018) 
Donna  has  extensive  experience  in  both  senior  executive  and  non-executive  roles  within  multi-national 
technology  companies.  She  has  held  division  general  management  and  sales  leadership  roles  in 
organisations including IBM, McAfee, SAP, Dell and Epicor, delivering revenue and margin growth and 
implementing  global  go-to-market  strategies.  She  currently  holds  non-executive  roles  at  Pivot3  and 
TIBCO and is based in Austin, Texas. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Directors’ Report 

The Directors have pleasure in submitting to the shareholders their annual report and the audited financial 
statements of the Group and Company for the year ended 28 February 2018.   

Results and dividend 
The  Group’s  profit  after  taxation  attributable  to  shareholders  for  the  year  to  28  February  2018  was 
£10,208k (2017: £9,012k).  

The  Directors  propose  the  payment  of  a  final  dividend  of  17.00  pence  per  share  (2017:  14.00  pence) 
which, together with the interim dividend of 7.00 pence per share (2017: 6.00 pence), totals 24.00 pence 
per  share  (2017:  20.00  pence).  The  final  dividend  has  not  been  included  in  payables  as  it  was  not 
approved before the year end. 

Dividends paid during the year comprised a final dividend of 14.00 pence per share for the year ended 28 
February 2017 and an interim dividend of 7.00 pence per share for the year ended 28 February 2018. 

Directors 
The Directors who held office during the year were as follows: 
B Conlon 
G Ferguson 
V Gambale 
S Keating 
K MacDonald  
J Robson (Resigned 15 May 2017) 
D Troy (Appointed 15 January 2018) 

Directors and their interests 
The  interests  of  the  Directors  in  shares  during  the  year  are  set  out  in  the  report  of  the  Remuneration 
Committee on pages 25 to 27 and the information is incorporated into the Directors’ Report by reference. 

Substantial shareholdings 
At  21  May  2018,  the  Group  had  received  notification  of  interests  in  3%  or  more  of  the  ordinary  share 
capital from B Conlon (30.6%), Standard Life Aberdeen (9.7%), Polar Capital Holdings (4.5%), T Rowe 
Price (3.8%), Octopus Investments (3.7%), Legal & General Group plc (3.6%), Slater Investments (3.2%) 
and Oppenheimer Funds (3.1%).  

Research and development 
The Group’s policy is to invest in product innovation and engage in research and development activities 
geared toward the enhancement of its software products. During the year costs of £7,486k (2017: £7,085k) 
were  capitalised  in  respect  of  activities  which  were  deemed  to  be  development  activities  in  accordance 
with the Group’s accounting policies. Research and development costs of £1,807k (2017: £1,721k) were 
expensed during the year. 

Employee Opportunities 
The  Group’s  policy  on  employees  remains  to  adopt  a  very  open  management  style,  keeping  employees 
informed  of  all  matters  affecting  them  as  employees  including  key  financial  and  economic  factors 
affecting  the  Group’s  performance.  This  is  achieved  through  meetings  and  informal  consultation  at  all 
levels. 

It is the Group’s policy to ensure that equal opportunity is given for the employment, training and career 
development  of  disabled  persons,  including  persons  who  become  disabled  whilst  in  the  Group’s 
employment.

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Directors Report (continued) 

Financial instruments 
The Group’s financial risk management objective is broadly to seek to make neither a profit nor loss from 
exposure to currency or interest rate risk. The policy is to finance working capital and the acquisitions of 
property,  plant  and  equipment  through  retained  earnings  and  through  borrowings  at  prevailing  market 
interest rates. 

The Group does not use derivatives to manage its financial risks. The main cash flow, credit and liquidity 
risks  are  those  associated  with  selling  on  credit.  However,  the  vast  majority  of  the  Group’s  clients  are 
substantial  enterprises  so  there  is  little  or  no  default  risk.  The  Group  is  also  exposed  to  the  impact  of 
fluctuations in exchange rates as it generates income and incurs expenses in currencies other than sterling 
(GBP). The Group’s main exposure is to the US dollar (USD), Euro (EUR) and Canadian dollar (CAD). 
However, because it has both income and expenses denominated in foreign currency, its net exposures are 
substantially lower than the gross balances. 

In addition, the Group has financial risk exposure as a result of debt financing for asset purchases, trade 
receivables  and  activities  carried  on  by  subsidiary  undertakings.  The  Group’s  financial  position  is 
structured  to  take  advantage  of  a  natural  foreign  currency  hedge  using  excess  cash  generated  from 
operations to repay the associated capital and interest on US dollar borrowings. Furthermore, by funding 
in  U.S.  dollars  the  acquisitions  of  Market  Resource  Partners  LLC  (MRP),  Reference  Data  Factory  Inc 
(RDF),  Prelytix  Inc.  and  the  investment  in  Kx  Systems,  the  Group  achieved  a  net  investment  hedge 
against a significant portion of its translation exposure on the net assets of its foreign operations. 

Political donations 
The Group and Company made no political donations during the year (2017: £nil). 

Future developments 
As highlighted in the Chairman’s Review and the Chief Executive Review, the Group focuses on the sale 
of software and consulting services. It remains the key strategy of the Group to increase its share  in its 
expanding  range  of  target  market  segments  through  a  combination  of  organic  growth  and  selective 
acquisitions. No material change to this approach is currently contemplated. 

It  is  likely  that  the  Group’s  consultancy  focus  will  remain  primarily  on  capital  markets,  although 
exploitation of the Group’s software assets is being pursued across a number of other sectors. 

Disclosure of information to auditors 
The Directors who held office at the date of approval of this Directors’ Report confirm that, so far as they 
are  each  aware,  there  is  no  relevant  audit  information  of  which the  Company’s  auditor  is unaware;  and 
each  Director  has  taken  all  the  steps  that  he  ought  to  have  taken  as  a  Director  to  become  aware  of  any 
relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditor is aware of that information.  

Auditors 
KPMG have expressed their willingness to continue in office as auditor and a resolution to reappoint them 
will be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.  

By order of the Board 

JJ Kearns 
Secretary 

     21 May 2018 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Corporate Governance 

The Company is listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) and is required to comply with the 
requirements of “AIM Rules for Companies – January 2018”, issued by the London Stock Exchange. The 
Board  is  committed  to  ensuring  the  high  standards  of  corporate  governance  and,  in  recognition  of  best 
practice,  goes  beyond  these  rules  to  meet  the  provisions  of  the  UK  Corporate  Governance  Code  (‘the 
Code’) in a number of areas.  

The Board 
Led by the Chairman, the Board’s principal responsibilities are: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

to establish the vision, mission and values of the Group; 
to set strategic objective and provide the leadership to put them into effect; 
to monitor and assess financial performance; 
to embed a framework of controls which allow for the identification, assessment and management of 
risk; 
• 
to ensure the Group fulfils its obligations to shareholders, employees, clients and other stakeholders. 
•  The  effective  discharge  of  these  responsibilities  is  intended  to  achieve  high  standards  of  governance 

within the Group. 

Matters  reserved  for  a  decision  of  the  Board  include,  inter  alia,  approval  of  the  Group’s  commercial 
strategy;  annual  operating  and  capital  expenditure  budgets;  business  plans;  material  acquisitions; 
significant  contracts;  annual  reports  and  interim  statements;  and  any  significant  funding  and  capital 
expenditure plans. 

The Board meets regularly to discuss the various matters brought before it, including the trading results. 
FD has a highly committed and experienced Board, supported by the senior management team, with the 
qualifications and experience necessary for the running of the Group. 

In addition to the Board meetings, there is regular communication between Executive and Non-Executive 
Directors, where appropriate, to update the Non-Executive Directors on matters requiring attention prior 
to the next Board meeting. In addition, the Chairman meets separately with the Non-Executive Directors 
to assess the effectiveness of the Board in discharge of its priorities. 

Responsibilities of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
The  Code  requires  that  there  should  be  a  clear  division  of  responsibilities  at  the  head  of  the  company 
between the Chairmanship of the Board and the executive responsible for the running of the Company’s 
business,  so  as  to  ensure  that  no  one  person  has  unrestricted  powers  of  decision.  FD  satisfies  these 
requirements  in  full,  the  Chairman  being  fully  independent  with  no  connection  to  the  Group  prior  to 
becoming a Director and subsequently Chairman of the Board.  

The Chairman is responsible for  the leadership of the Board, ensuring its efficient operation. The  Chief 
Executive Officer is responsible for implementing the Group’s strategy.   

Composition of the Board 
The  Code  requires  that  the  Board  should  contain  a  balance  of  skills,  experience,  independence  and 
knowledge  of  the  company.  It  should  also  include  an  appropriate  combination  of  Executive  and  Non-
Executive  Directors  and  that  there  should  be  a  formal,  rigorous  and  transparent  procedure  when 
appointing new Directors to the Board. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Corporate Governance (continued) 

At  the  period  end,  the  Board  comprised  a  Non-Executive  Chairman,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief 
Financial Officer and three Non-Executive Directors. Biographical details of the directors are provided on 
page 17.  
The  Board  considers  that  its  composition,  including  the  balance  between  Executive  and  Non-Executive 
Directors,  is  appropriate  in  view  of  the  size  and  requirements  of  the  Group’s  business  and  the  need  to 
maintain a practical balance between Executive and Non-Executive Directors.  

Board composition is kept under review to ensure the requisite mix of skills and business experience is 
maintained and to ensure the proper functioning of the Board. When a new appointment to the Board is 
made, consideration is given to the particular capabilities, knowledge and experience that a potential new 
member could add to the existing Board composition.  

Before  the  appointment  of  a  Non-Executive  Director  is  confirmed,  the  Chairman  establishes  that  the 
prospective Director can commit the time and effort necessary to fulfil their duties, in terms of availability 
both to prepare for and attend meetings and to discuss matters at other times.  

Board Information and Development 
Both  at  its  periodic  meetings  and  in  separate  briefing  sessions  between  Non-Executive  Directors  and 
senior  management  (including  Executive  Directors),  the  Board  are  kept  fully  appraised  of  all  material 
commercial and technological developments likely to affect the Group’s performance and prospects.  

Updates dealing with changes in legislation and regulation relevant to the Group’s business are provided 
to the Board by the Company Secretary/Chief Financial Officer and through the Board Committees. 

The  Board  recognises  its  overall  responsibility  for  the  Group’s  system  of  internal  control  and  for 
monitoring  its  effectiveness.  All  activity  is  organised  within  a  defined  structure  with  formal  lines  of 
responsibility and delegation of authority. The Group produces information packs regularly. These packs, 
together with annual budgets, enable the Board to monitor the operational performance and cash position 
each month and allocate the Group’s resources.  

Adherence to high standards in the areas of Health & Safety and Corporate Social Responsibility are also 
monitored by the Board on a regular basis. 

Re-election 
Under  the  Code,  Directors  should  offer  themselves  for  re-election  at  regular  intervals.  Under  the 
Company’s articles of Association, one-third of the Directors retire at each Annual General Meeting of the 
Company. Going forward, all Directors will offer themselves for re-election annually. 

During the period under review, there was one new appointment to the Board and one resignation. 

•  Jon  Robson  resigned  as  a  Non-Executive  Director  on  15  May  2017  as  he  assumed  an  executive 

position within the Group.  

•  Donna Troy was appointed to the Board on 15 January 2018. 

Board Committees 
The Group has an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee. These committees consist of Non-
Executive Directors. They have written constitutions and terms of reference. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Corporate Governance (continued) 

The Audit Committee’s role is to assist the Board with the discharge of its responsibilities in relation to 
internal controls and external audits particularly with respect to the integrity, reliability and transparency 
of published financial information. The Audit Committee has formal meetings prior to the publication of 
the  interim  and  final  results  and  additional  meetings  on  an  ad  hoc  basis.  The  auditors  attend  the  Audit 
Committee meeting prior to the publication of the final results. All members of the Audit Committee have 
directorship experience of other publicly-quoted companies either currently or in the recent past. 

The Remuneration Committee determines the remuneration of senior executives. Levels of remuneration 
are set in order to attract and retain the senior executives needed to run the Company based on objective 
comparable market data. In addition, the Remuneration Committee provides guidance and direction into 
all major compensation-related policy decisions by the Group. 

Internal Control 
The Board has overall responsibility to ensure that the Group’s internal control system is comprehensive, 
coherent and responsive to the evolving environment in which the Group operates.  

Recognising  that  no  system  of  internal  control  can  provide  absolute  assurance  against  the  risk  of 
misstatement or loss, the Group’s systems are nevertheless designed to meet its business objectives whilst 
effectively  reducing  risks  to  an  acceptable  level.  The  Group  has  built  a  robust  framework  of  internal 
control around risk identification, impact assessment, probability of occurrence and mitigation strategies. 

The Board confirms that it is not aware of any significant failings or weaknesses in the Group’s system of 
internal controls. 

Relations with Shareholders 
The  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  have  regular  dialogue  with  shareholders  and 
analysts  to  discuss  strategic  and  other  issues  including  the  Group’s  financial  results.  The  Group  also 
employs  a  head  of  investor  relations  who  is  tasked  with  ensuring  effective  communication  with 
shareholders, the Group’s brokers and NOMAD, external advisers and other relevant parties. 

The Company engages in full and open communication with both institutional and private investors and 
responds promptly to all queries received. In conjunction with the Company’s brokers and other financial 
advisers  all  relevant  news  is  distributed  in  a  timely  fashion  through  appropriate  channels  to  ensure 
shareholders are able to access material information on the Company’s progress. The Company’s website 
has  a  section  for  investors,  which  contains  all  publicly  available  financial  information  and  news  on  the 
Company. 

The  mid-market  price  of  the  Company’s  shares  at  close  of  business  on  28  February  2018  was  £38.00 
(2017: £22.95) and the high and low share prices during the year were £43.80 (2017: £23.30) and £22.88 
(2017: £14.62) respectively. The average share price during the year was £31.70 (2017: £19.36). 

22 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Corporate Governance (continued) 

AIM Rule Compliance Report 
First  Derivatives  plc  is  quoted  on  AIM  and  as  a  result  the  Company  has  complied  with  AIM  Rule  31 
which requires the following: 

•  Have  in  place  sufficient  procedures,  resources  and  controls  to  enable  its  compliance  with  the  AIM 

Rules; 

•  Seek  advice  from  its  Nominated  Advisor  regarding  its  compliance  with  the  Rules  whenever 

appropriate and take that advice into account; 

•  Provide its nominated adviser with any information it reasonably requests in order for the nominated 
adviser  to  carry  out  its  responsibilities  under  the  AIM  Rules  for  Nominated  Advisors,  including  any 
proposed  changes  to  the  Board  of  Directors  and  provision  of  draft  notifications  in  advance  of 
publication; 

•  Ensure that each of the Company’s Directors accepts full responsibility, collectively and individually, 

for compliance with the AIM rules; and 

•  Ensure that each Director discloses without delay all information which the Company needs in order to 
comply  with  AIM  Rule  17  (Disclosure  of  Miscellaneous  Information)  insofar  as  that  information  is 
known to the director or could with reasonable diligence be ascertained by the Director. 

In addition, the Company maintains compliance with AIM Rule 26, which lists a range of information that 
the Company is required to make available. 

Employees 
The Group is committed to attracting and retaining the highest level of talent within its personnel. It is an 
Equal  Opportunities  Employer,  with  a  policy  to  ensure  that  no  job  applicant  or  employee  receives  less 
favourable  treatment  on  the  grounds  of  gender,  race,  disability,  ethnic  or  national  origin,  marital  status, 
sexuality, religion or belief, trade union activity or age. 

The Group applies high standards in recruitment and is aware of the importance of good communication 
in relationships with its staff.  

The importance of staff retention to the performance of the Group is recognised through the provision of 
training  and  development  and  by  ensuring  that  there  are  ample  opportunities  for  career  progression, 
determined  solely  by  ability  and  achievement.  A  number  of  employees  participate  in  the  growth  of  the 
business through the ownership of share options, with a wider pool of employees also participating in the 
Group bonus scheme. 

Business Ethics 
The Board recognises that the Company is accountable to its shareholders and, at the same time, seeks to 
take  into  account  the  interests  of  all  its  stakeholders  including  clients,  suppliers  and  subcontractors, 
employees, as well as the local community and the environment in which it operates. 

The  Group  maintains  core  values  of  honesty,  integrity,  hard  work,  service  and  quality  and  actively 
promotes these values in all activities undertaken on behalf of the Group. 

Clients 
The Group treats all of its clients with respect and is committed to achieving the highest levels of client 
service and satisfaction in line with delivering high quality products and services. It seeks to be honest and 
fair in all relationships with clients.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Corporate Governance (continued) 

Other Stakeholders 
The  Group  recognises  that  it  plays  an  important  role  in  relation  to  many  other  stakeholders  including 
suppliers,  local  communities,  Governmental  agencies  and  the  wider  public  who  benefit  directly  or 
indirectly from its products and services. As one of the largest private sector enterprises headquartered in 
Northern Ireland, it is particularly aware of its responsibilities to maintain high standards in all aspects of 
its business and the Board pays close attention to this imperative. 

24 

 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Report of the Remuneration Committee 

Although  not  required  to  comply  with  the  Code,  the  Remuneration  Committee  operates  within  defined 
terms of reference substantially similar to the Code and consistent with the interests of shareholders. The 
Remuneration  Committee  comprises  the  Non-Executive  Chairman,  Seamus  Keating  and  Non-Executive 
Director Virginia Gambale.  

Remuneration policy 
The policy of the Group is to set levels of remuneration to attract, retain and motivate Executive Directors 
and key staff. The packages are designed to be competitive in value to those offered to the Directors of 
similar-sized  public  companies  in  related  sectors.  A  key  element  of  the  Group’s  policy  is  to  align  the 
interests  of  managers  with  those  of  shareholders  through  the  grant  of  options  and  other  equity  rewards. 
These incentives are structured to encourage retention over the longer term. 

The  components  of  the  Executive  Directors’  remuneration  packages  are  currently  a  basic  salary, bonus, 
money purchase pension contributions, share-based payment and benefits-in-kind.  

Basic Salary 
Basic  salary  is  set  by  the  Committee  and  reviewed  annually,  taking  into  account  an  individual’s 
performance and experience together with changes in comparable market remuneration. 

Pension 
The Group operates a defined contribution scheme for Executive Directors which entitles participants to a 
Company pension contribution equal to 10% of their base salary. 

Cash bonus 
Bonus  awards,  which  are  not  pensionable,  are  made  to  the  Executive  Directors  based  on  achieving 
performance criteria set out by the Committee. The criteria include targets for revenue, adjusted EBITDA 
and adjusted earnings per share. 

The bonus scheme for the Executive Directors includes an on-target bonus of 50% of basic salary with up 
to a maximum of 100% being achievable. 

Share Option Plan 
The Executive Directors may also participate in the Company’s share option plan.  

Non-Executive Directors 
The Board, based on a recommendation by the Chairman of the Remuneration Committee or, in the case 
of  the  Chairman,  the  remainder  of  the  Board,  determines  the  remuneration  of  the  Non-Executive 
Directors. The Non-Executive Directors are not eligible to join the Group’s pension scheme nor do they 
receive share options. 

Details  of  each  Director’s  remuneration  is  set  out  in  the  table  below.  Non-Executive  Directors  Virginia 
Gambale  and  Donna  Troy,  both  U.S  citizens,  are  remunerated  in  U.S.  dollars  and  the  salary  and  fees 
detailed in the table reflect the Sterling translation of payments made during the period.  

Ms Gambale and Ms Troy are additionally entitled to receive payment of approximately £20,000 in FD 
shares,  issued  and  allotted  on  the  business  day  following  publication  of  the  Group’s  annual  report.  The 
number of  shares to be issued  will  be based on the average closing  mid-market share price  over the 90 
business days prior to the release of the Group’s preliminary results. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Report of the Remuneration Committee (continued) 

Directors’ remuneration (audited) 

Salary 
and fees 
£’000 

Benefits 
£’000 

Bonus 
£’000 

Share 
based 
payment 
£’000 

2018 
Total 
excluding 
pension 
£’000 

2017 
Total 
excluding 
pension 
£’000 

2018 

2017 
Pension  Pension 

£’000 

£’000 

R D Anderson* 
B G Conlon 
R G Ferguson 
V Gambale  
S Keating 
K MacDonald 
J Robson** 
D Troy 

Total 

- 
330 
200 
50 
100 
45 
73 
6 

804 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
330 
150 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
135 
28 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
660 
485 
78 
100 
45 
73 
6 

18 
626 
453 
76 
100 
45 
367 
- 

480 

163 

1,447 

1,685 

- 
33 
20 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

53 

- 
31 
20 
- 
- 
- 
7 
- 

58 

*Details of the above table reflect the directors’ remuneration up to the date of resignation on 13 May 2016 
**Details of the above table reflect the directors’ remuneration up to the date of resignation on 15 May 2017 

Service contracts 
The Executive Directors have entered into service contracts with the Group that are terminable by either 
party on not less than three months prior notice. 

Directors’ interests in shares (audited) 
The interests held in shares of the Company by the Directors who held office at the end of the financial 
year, all of which are beneficial holdings, were as follows: 

R D Anderson* 
B G Conlon 
R G Ferguson 
V Gambale 
S Keating 
K MacDonald 
J Robson** 
D Troy 

Number of ordinary shares 

28 February 2018 

28 February 2017 

- 
7,853,953 
100,000 
10,053 
25,314 
45,741 
1,643 
- 

120,000 
7,853,953 
122,647 
8,913 
25,314 
55,741 
1,643 
- 

*Details in the above table reflect the director’s interests at the date of resignation on 13 May 2016 
**Details in the above table reflect the director’s interests at the date of resignation on 15 May 2017 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Report of the Remuneration Committee (continued) 

Share options  
The Directors believe it is important to incentivise key management and employees.  

The movement during the year in share options held by the Directors over ordinary £0.005 shares in the 
Company are set out in the table below.  

1 March 
2017 

Granted 
during the 
year 

Exercised 
during the 
year 

28 February 
2018 

Exercise 
price 
£ 

 Exercise 
period 

Graham Ferguson 

200,000 

- 

- 

200,000 

17.25 

2019-2026 

The Remuneration Committee has set total shareholder return (TSR) performance conditions for the share 
options granted to Graham Ferguson on 18 July 2016. These vest on a sliding scale based on achieving a 
minimum of 50% and up to 100% TSR over the three year period from grant. 

The Company recognised total expenses of £1,586k (2017:£1,392k) related to equity-settled share-based 
payment transactions during the year. Expenses of £163k (2017: £161k) related to share options granted to 
the Directors. There were no share options exercised by the Directors during the year (2017: 150,000). 

Transactions with Directors 
The Directors interests in contracts with the Company are disclosed in note 31. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Report of the Audit Committee 

This  report  is  intended  to  provide  an  insight  into  the  role  and  responsibilities  of  the  Committee  and  to 
demonstrate how it has carried out this work. The Committee is appointed by, and reports to, the Board 
with  its  principal  role  being  oversight  of  financial  reporting  and  internal  control  and  risk  monitoring. 
While the Group is not required to comply with the UK Corporate Governance Code, it has considered the 
Code’s recommendations and substantially adheres to all of these in respect of its Audit Committee. 

Composition 
The Audit Committee is chaired by Virginia Gambale, who has previously a partner at Deutsche Bank and 
held senior management positions at firms including Merrill Lynch. The other members of the Committee 
are Keith MacDonald and Seamus Keating, both of whom are qualified accountants. Each member of the 
Committee has significant experience of financial matters through their past and present business careers.  
Full biographical details of the members of the Committee can be found on page 17.    

Role and Activities  
The  Committee  is  responsible  for  reviewing  the  Group’s  financial  reporting,  including  monitoring 
changes  to  reporting  requirements  to  assess  their  applicability  and  impact  on  the  Group.  It  is  also 
responsible  for ensuring there are  appropriate  internal control  and risk management  procedures in  place 
and for overseeing the relationship with the external auditors and making recommendations to the Board 
on  their  appointment.  The  Committee  meets  regularly  to  consider  the  matters  under  its  remit,  including 
before both the interim and full year financial reports. 

Governance 
The Committee sets its own agenda and although only the members of the Committee have the right to 
attend its meetings, the Committee may from time-to-time invite third parties to attend. During the year 
the Committee has met with the external auditors to review matters under its remit. The composition of 
the Committee is reviewed on an annual basis. 

Business during the year  
As  would  be  expected  for  a  Group  of  its  size,  scale  and  nature  of  activities,  the  financial  statements 
include items where judgement must be exercised to determine the most appropriate accounting treatment 
and associated disclosure. The issues considered by the Committee during the year that are considered to 
be significant include: 

Revenue Recognition 
Revenue  recognition  is  considered  formally  by  the  Committee  and  it  was  found  to  be  in  line  with  the 
Group’s  stated  accounting  policies.  New  software  contracts  are  carefully  reviewed  and  elements  are 
disaggregated,  where  necessary,  to  separate  implementation  and  license  revenues.  On  larger  contracts 
revenue  is  invoiced  in  line  with  the  terms  of  the  contract  with  revenue  recognition  occurring  on  client 
acceptance that non-refundable milestones have been achieved. 

Goodwill & Intangible Assets 
Amortisation of intangible assets has been recorded in accordance with the Group’s accounting policies. 
There have been no events which would indicate any  impairment to goodwill during the year ended 28 
February 2018. The Group continues to capitalise internal software development costs in accordance with 
IAS 38 with amortisation policies continuing to be deemed appropriate on the basis of the Group’s sales 
pipeline. No indication of impairment has been identified. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Report of the Audit Committee (continued) 

Acquisitions and Deferred Consideration 
The Audit Committee monitors the ongoing performance of acquisitions made by the Group to measure 
and assess progress against milestones for any contingent deferred consideration, including the potential 
mix of shares and cash involved. 

Investments 
During the period the Group has invested in a number of start-up businesses who are seeking to use Kx 
technology as a platform for their software solutions. Under IFRS, reporting investments are to be carried 
at  fair  value  with  any  movements  going  to  other  comprehensive  income.  A  fair  value  review  was 
performed as at 28 February 2018 and no impairment has arisen. 

Share Based Payments 
The value of options issued by the Group is required to be calculated and is prepared using the adjusted 
Black-Scholes  model  which  is  subjective  in  nature.  Following  a  detailed  review  during  the  year  no 
material changes to assumptions utilised in the prior year are deemed to be required. 

Review of Effectiveness 
The  Board,  through  the  Audit  Committee,  has  reviewed  the  effectiveness  of  the  risk  management  and 
internal control systems operated by the Group. It was considered that the procedures in place to identify 
and manage risk were still relevant and that the Group’s plans to mitigate these risks remain effective. 

The  Committee  noted  that  the  Group  addresses  the  management  of  risk  explicitly  through  a  number  of 
formal policies. For example, regular management meetings have a standing agenda item where managers 
and staff are encouraged to report and discuss any risk-related items. There are detailed policies in place 
around business continuity, client engagement and cyber-security.  

Pro-active  self-assessment  to  assist  in  early-stage  identification  of  potential  risks  and  threats  is  a  key 
element  of  the  Group’s  approach  to  risk  control.  Where  appropriate,  the  Group  seeks  to  insure  itself 
against the risks it faces. 

Anti-bribery and corruption policy 
The Group operates an Ethics Code of Conduct which includes, inter alia, requirements relating to anti-
bribery and corruption. This policy is supplied to all employees. 

Whistle Blowing 
The  Group  has  a  whistle  blowing  policy  that  enables  employees  to  confidentially  report  matters  of 
concern  to  an  independent  third  party.  The  details  of  any  such  reports  are  communicated  to  the  Non-
Executive Directors. 

External Auditor appointment 
The Committee reviews and makes recommendations regarding the appointment of external auditors. In 
making 
the  performance,  effectiveness  and 
independence  of  the  external  auditors.  The  Committee  holds  regular  meetings  with  the  external  auditor 
and, based on these and the above factors, has recommended to the Board that a resolution to reappoint 
KPMG be proposed at the next Annual General Meeting. 

the  Committee  considers 

these  recommendations 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the Annual Report and the 
financial statements 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Annual  Report  and  the  Group  and  Company  financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.   

Company law requires the directors to prepare Group and Company financial statements for each financial 
year. As required by the AIM Rules of the London Stock Exchange they are required to prepare the Group 
financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  adopted  by  the 
European  Union  (IFRSs  as  adopted  by  the  EU)  and  applicable  law  and  have  elected  to  prepare  the 
Company financial statements on the same basis. 

Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company and of their profit or loss 
for  that  period.  In  preparing  each  of  the  Group  and  Company  financial  statements,  the  directors  are 
required to:   

•  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;   
•  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable, relevant and reliable;   
•  state whether they have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the EU;   
•  assess  the  Group  and  Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable, 

matters related to going concern; and   

•  use  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  unless  they  either  intend  to  liquidate  the  Group  or  the 

Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.   

The  directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and 
explain  the  Company’s  transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any  time  the  financial 
position  of  the  Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  its  financial  statements  comply  with  the 
Companies  Act  2006.  They  are  responsible  for  such  internal  control  as  they  determine  is  necessary  to 
enable  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  that  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to 
fraud  or  error,  and  have  general  responsibility  for  taking  such  steps  as  are  reasonably  open  to  them  to 
safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.   

Under applicable law and regulations, the directors are also responsible for preparing a Strategic Report 
and a Directors’ Report that complies with that law and those regulations.   

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information 
included on the Company’s website. Legislation in the UK governing the preparation and dissemination of 
financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.   

On behalf of the Board 

JJ Kearns  
Secretary

     21 May 2018 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of First Derivatives plc 

1 Our opinion is unmodified   

We have audited the financial statements of First Derivatives plc (“the Company”) for the year ended 28 
February 2018 which comprise the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated and 
Company balance sheets, the consolidated and Company statement of changes in equity, the consolidated 
and Company cash flow statements and the related notes, including the accounting policies in note 1. The 
financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their  preparation  is  UK  Law  and  International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  (EU)  and,  as  regards  the 
Company financial statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.  

In our opinion:   

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of  the state of  the Group’s and of the Company’s 
affairs as at 28 February 2018 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended;   
the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as adopted by the EU);   
the Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted 
by the EU and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and   
the  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Companies 
Act 2006.  

Basis for opinion   

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (“ISAs (UK)”) and 
applicable law.  Our responsibilities are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities section of our 
report.  We have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities under, and we remained independent of the Group in 
accordance with, UK ethical requirements including the FRC Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities.  
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is a sufficient and appropriate basis for our opinion.   

2 Key audit matters: our assessment of risks of material misstatement   

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in the 
audit of the financial statements and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) identified by us, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall 
audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team.  
These  matters  were  addressed  in  the  context  of  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole,  and  in 
forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.   

In  arriving  at  our  audit  opinion  above,  the  key  audit  matters,  in  decreasing  order  of  audit  significance, 
were as follows:  

Revenue recognition - £186.0m (2017: £151.7m)  
Refer to page 59 (accounting policy) and page 67 (financial disclosures) 

The risk 
The  Group  and  Company  have  a  range  of  revenue  streams  across  their  components,  including  software 
sales,  consulting  services,  data  management,  hosting  and  transactional  activities.  There  is  a  risk  that 
revenue may be recorded on an inconsistent basis with the contractual terms agreed with the customer or 
not  in  accordance  with  the  Group  and  Company’s  accounting  policy  regarding  revenue  recognition  or 
revenue may not be recognised in the correct year. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of First Derivatives plc (continued) 

Our response 
Our  procedures  in  this  area  included,  amongst  others,  we  tested  the  operating  effectiveness  of  internal 
controls  regarding  the  recognition  of  revenue  and  examined  a  sample  of  contracts  to  assess  revenue 
recognition in accordance with the terms of the contracts and the Group and Company’s accounting policy 
on  revenue  recognition.  We  assessed  customer  relationships  and  contracts  to  determine  if  any  goods  or 
services were bundled in respect of contracts comprising software sales and consulting services, including 
assessing the appropriateness of the allocation of contract revenue to multiple element deliverables.  We 
performed testing for a sample of revenue items booked either side of the year end to ensure that revenue 
was  recognised  in  the  correct  period.  We  assessed  the  level  of  deferred  revenue  and  accrued  revenue 
recognised  at  the year  end  and  performed  testing  on  a  sample  of  deferred  revenue  and  accrued  revenue 
items to ensure it is in accordance with the Group and Company’s accounting policy in respect of revenue 
recognition.  

The  results  of  our  testing  were  satisfactory  and  we  found  the  amount  of  revenue  recognised  to  be 
acceptable (2017: acceptable). 

Valuation  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  –  Goodwill  £103.9m  (2017:  £113.4m)  and  intangible 
assets £45.8m (2017: £50.0m)  
Refer to pages 51 and 54 to 58 (accounting policy) and pages 78 to 81 (financial disclosures) 

The risk 
The  Group  carries  significant  amounts  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets,  resulting  from  business 
acquisitions  across  several  geographic  locations.  There  is  a  risk  that  the  carrying  value  of  goodwill  and 
intangible assets is not supported by performance of  the Group if global and local economic conditions 
have  negatively  affected  profitability,  or  where  there  are  poor  trading  conditions.  Management  test  the 
Group’s  goodwill  for  impairment  annually  and  definite  life  intangible  assets  if  there  is  an  indication  of 
impairment.  There  is  significant  judgement  involved  in  preparing  forecasts  and  discounted  cash  flow 
projections for this purpose in relation to the various assumptions used as set out in the note on goodwill 
on page 79.  

Our response 
In this area, our procedures included, amongst others, evaluating the assumptions and methodologies used 
in the Group’s goodwill impairment model. In particular those relating to future growth assumptions, the 
discount rate and terminal growth rate applied to the forecasted cash flows in the model. We evaluated the 
historical  accuracy  of  the  Group’s  forecasts  by  comparing  actual  to  budgeted  results.    We  examined 
sensitivity analysis over key assumptions and discount rates used to assess the impact on recoverability of 
the assets. 

We compared the Group’s market capitalisation to the book value of the Group’s net assets which 
indicated that the market capitalisation exceeded the book value by £836.3m as 28 February 2018. 

We found the resulting estimate of the recoverable amount of goodwill and intangible assets to be 
acceptable (2017: acceptable). 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of First Derivatives plc (continued) 

Assessment  of  fair  value  and  accounting  of  investments  –  Group  £3.4m  (2017:  £3.1m);  Company 
£3.3m (2017: 3.1m) 
Refer to page 54 (accounting policy) and pages 84 and 102 (financial disclosures) 

The risk 
The Group and Company has a number of equity investments in unlisted companies, which are measured 
at  fair  value.  Where  investments  are  not  publicly  traded  this  involves  valuation  techniques  using 
unobservable inputs, which can have a significant effect on the asset’s valuation. We have identified a risk 
in the assessment of the valuation of these investments and the ongoing judgement that the investments 
should be accounted for as investments rather than an associate on the basis that the Group and Company 
does not have significant influence. 

Our response 
Our procedures included, evaluating the process and models used by management in its assessment of the 
fair value of investments. We assessed the appropriateness of assumptions adopted to determine the fair 
value  of  investments  including  involving  valuation  specialists.  We  considered  financial  and  other 
information made available to the directors and whether this provides objective evidence of impairment 
such as forecasts prepared by the investee, recent management accounts and presentations to investors on 
updates in the business, such as access to funding and development of the investee’s technology. We also 
assessed the accounting categorisation of each interest as an investment or an associate based on ability to 
exert  significant  influence  and  considered  the  adequacy  of  the  Group  and  Company’s  disclosures  in 
respect of investments.   

The results of our testing were satisfactory and we found that the assessed fair value and accounting of 
investments to be acceptable (2017: acceptable). 

3 Our application of materiality and an overview of the scope of our audit   

Materiality for the Group financial statements as a whole was set at £650k (2017: £675k), determined with 
reference to a benchmark of Group profit before tax of which it represents 5% (2017: 5%).    

Materiality for the Company financial statements as a whole was set at £375k (2017: £540k), determined 
with reference to a benchmark of profit before tax of which it represents 5% (2017: 5% of pre-tax profit 
adjusted for foreign exchange loss on loans and borrowings of £3,208k and net intercompany recharged 
costs of £4,050k). 

We  agreed  to  report  to  the  Audit  Committee  any  corrected  or  uncorrected  identified  misstatements 
exceeding  £33k,  in  addition  to  other  identified  misstatements  that  warranted  reporting  on  qualitative 
grounds.   

Of  the  Group’s  23  (2017:  20)  components,  we  subjected  8  (2017:  11),  which  represent  the  principal 
activities of the Group, to full scope audits for Group purposes and 2 (2017: 1) to review to component 
materiality  by  the  same  audit  team.  The  latter  was  not  individually  financially  significant  enough  to 
require a full scope audit for Group purposes, but did present specific individual risks that needed to be 
addressed. Audits for Group reporting purposes were performed for the majority of reporting components 
in the following countries: UK, Ireland and US. The combination of this work covered 99% (2017: 94%) 
of total Group revenue; 95% (2017: 90%) of the total profits and losses that make up Group profit before 
tax and 98% (2017: 99%) of total Group assets.  

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of First Derivatives plc (continued) 

For  the  remaining  components,  we  performed  analysis  at  an  aggregated  Group  level  to  re-examine  our 
assessment that there were no significant risks of material misstatement within them.  

For  each  component  in  our  audit  scope,  we  allocated  a  materiality  that  is  less  than  our  overall  Group 
materiality. The range of materiality allocated across components was between £3k and £390k.    

4 We have nothing to report on going concern 

We  are  required  to  report  to  you  if  we  have  concluded  that  the  use  of  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting is inappropriate or there is an undisclosed material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt 
over the use of that basis for a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval of the financial 
statements.  We have nothing to report in these respects.   

5 We have nothing to report on the other information in the Annual Report   

The directors are responsible for the other information presented in the Annual Report together with the 
financial statements.  Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, 
accordingly,  we  do  not  express  an  audit  opinion  or,  except  as  explicitly  stated  below,  any  form  of 
assurance conclusion thereon.   

Our  responsibility  is  to  read  the  other  information  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether,  based  on  our 
financial  statements  audit  work,  the  information  therein  is  materially  misstated  or  inconsistent  with  the 
financial statements or our audit knowledge.  Based solely on that work we have not identified material 
misstatements in the other information.   

Strategic Report and Directors’ Report   
Based solely on our work on the other information:   
•  we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report;   
• 

in  our  opinion  the  information  given  in  those  reports  for  the  financial  year  is  consistent  with  the 
financial statements; and   
in our opinion those reports have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006.   

• 

6 We have nothing to report on the other matters on which we are required to report by exception   

Under the Companies Act 2006, we are required to report to you if, in our opinion:   
• 

adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the  Company,  or  returns  adequate  for  our  audit 
have not been received from branches not visited by us; or   
• 
the Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or   
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or   
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.   

We have nothing to report in these respects.   

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of First Derivatives plc (continued) 

7 Respective responsibilities   

Directors’ responsibilities   
As  explained  more  fully  in  their  statement  set  out  on  page  30,  the  directors  are  responsible  for:  the 
preparation of the financial statements including being satisfied that they give a true and fair view; such 
internal control as they determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are 
free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error;  assessing  the  Group  and  Company’s 
ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern;  and 
using  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  unless  they  either  intend  to  liquidate  the  Group  or  the 
Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.   

Auditor’s responsibilities   
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from  material  misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue our opinion in an auditor’s 
report.  Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but does not guarantee that an audit conducted 
in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.  Misstatements 
can  arise  from  fraud  or  error  and  are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  aggregate,  they  could 
reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the  economic  decisions  of  users  taken  on  the  basis  of  the  financial 
statements.   

A 
fuller  description  of  our 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.   

responsibilities 

is  provided  on 

the  FRC’s  website 

at 

8 The purpose of our audit work and to whom we owe our responsibilities   

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 
of the Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To 
the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to  anyone  other  than  the 
Company and the Company’s members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions 
we have formed.   

John Poole (Senior Statutory Auditor)   
for and on behalf of KPMG, Statutory Auditor   
Chartered Accountants   
The Soloist 
1 Lanyon Place  
Belfast 
BT1 3LP 
21 May 2018 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 
Year ended 28 February 2018 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit 

Other income  
Administrative expenses 
Operating profit 

Note 

5 

6 
7 

Acquisition costs and changes in contingent purchase 
consideration 
Share-based payment and related costs 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets 
Adjusted EBITDA 

16 & 17 
17 

Finance income 
Finance expense 
(Loss)/gain on foreign currency translation 
Net finance (costs)/income 

Share of loss of associate using the equity method, net of 
tax 
Profit before taxation 

Income tax expense   

Profit for the year 

10 
10 
10 

18 

11 

2018  
£’000 

186,042 
(134,402) 
51,640 

1,382 
(38,320) 
14,702 

3,570 
2,710 
8,460 
4,684 
34,126 

1 
(1,150) 
(1,386) 
(2,535) 

(70) 

12,097 

(1,889) 

10,208 

2017  
£’000 

151,697 
(110,121) 
41,576 

2,148 
(31,485) 
12,239 

2,953 
2,056 
6,750 
4,759 
28,757 

1 
(1,193) 
1,475 
283 

(24) 

12,498 

(3,486) 

9,012 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income (continued) 
Year ended 28 February 2018 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income 
Items that will or may be reclassified subsequently to 
profit or loss 
Net exchange (loss)/gain on net investment in foreign 
subsidiaries 
Net gain/(loss) on hedge of net investment in foreign 
subsidiaries 
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax 

Note 

2018  
£’000 

10,208 

(16,779) 

1,570 

(15,209) 

2017  
£’000 

9,012 

10,836 

(2,871) 

7,965 

Total comprehensive income for the period 
attributable to owners of the parent 

(5,001) 

16,977 

Earnings per share 

Basic 
Diluted 

Pence 

40.4 
37.8 

Pence 

36.7 
34.4 

15a 
15a 

All profits are attributable to the owners of the Company and relate to continuing activities. 

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Consolidated balance sheet 
As at 28 February 2018 

Assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets and goodwill 
Trade and other receivables 
Equity accounted investees 
Other financial assets 
Deferred tax asset 
Non-current assets 

Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Current assets 

Total assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Share option reserve 
Currency translation adjustment reserve 
Retained earnings 
Equity attributable to owners of the Company 

Liabilities 
Loans and borrowings 
Trade and other payables 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Contingent deferred consideration 
Non-current liabilities 

Loans and borrowings 
Trade and other payables 
Current tax payable 
Employee benefits 
Contingent deferred consideration 
Current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Total equity and liabilities 

Note 

2018    
£’000 

2017  
£’000 

16 
17 
20 
18 
19 
25 

20 
21 

22 

23 
24 
25 
28 

23 
24 
26 
27 
28 

7,714 
149,744 
6,594 
2,631 
3,433 
18,353 
188,469 

53,718 
12,365 
66,083 

254,552 

128 
81,286 
14,341 
(6,874) 
49,218 
138,099 

25,205 
32,127 
9,811 
- 
67,143 

3,346 
34,070 
1,195 
5,011 
5,688 
49,310 

116,453 

254,552 

6,628 
163,391 
3,630 
1,548 
3,121 
14,859 
193,177 

43,738 
16,250 
59,988 

253,165 

124 
72,275 
10,225 
8,335 
40,772 
131,731 

26,357 
35,114 
12,932 
3,169 
77,572 

3,404 
33,681 
426 
5,492 
859 
43,862 

121,434 

253,165 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 21 May 2018. 

Seamus Keating  
Chairman 

Brian Conlon 
Chief Executive Officer 

Graham Ferguson 
Chief Financial Officer 

Registered Company number: NI 30731 

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Company balance sheet 
As at 28 February 2018 

Assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Investment in subsidiaries 
Other financial assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Deferred tax assets 
Non-current assets 

Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Current assets 

Total assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Share option reserve 
Fair value reserve 
Retained earnings 
Equity attributable to shareholders 

Liabilities 
Loans and borrowings  
Trade and other payables 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Non-current liabilities 

Loans and borrowings 
Trade and other payables 
Current tax payable 
Contingent deferred consideration 
Employee benefits 
Current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Total equity and liabilities 

Note 

2018    
£’000 

2017  
£’000 

16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
25 

20 
21 

22 

23 
24 
25 

23 
24 
26 
28 
27 

3,764 
20,629 
95,329 
3,308 
13,579 
12,268 
148,877 

44,119 
4,013 
48,132 

197,009 

128 
81,286 
14,070 
146 
26,052 
121,682 

25,205 
1,071 
3,358 
29,634 

3,339 
37,017 
- 
1,038 
4,299 
45,693 

75,327 

3,195 
19,043 
83,023 
3,121 
5,697 
8,041 
122,120 

48,366 
9,499 
57,865 

179,985 

124 
72,275 
9,713 
146 
24,082 
106,340 

26,353 
256 
3,158 
29,767 

3,339 
35,064 
53 
500 
4,922 
43,878 

73,645 

197,009 

179,985 

The Company’s profit for the year ended 28 February 2018 was £7,289k (2017: £3,647k). 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 21 May 2018. 

Seamus Keating  
Chairman 

Brian Conlon 
Chief Executive Officer 

Graham Ferguson 
Chief Financial Officer 

Registered Company number: NI 30731 

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
Year ended 28 February 2018 

Balance at 1 March 2017 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive income 
Net exchange loss on net investment in foreign subsidiaries  
Net exchange gain on hedge of net investment in foreign 
subsidiaries  
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Transactions with owners of the Company 
Tax relating to share options 
Exercise of share options 
Change in fair value of NCI put 
Issue of shares 
Issue of shares as purchase consideration 
Share based payment charge 
Transfer on forfeit of share options 
Dividends  
Balance at 28 February 2018 

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements.

Share  
capital 

Share  
premium 

Share option  
reserve 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Currency  
translation  
adjustment 
£’000 

Retained  
earnings 

Total equity 

£’000 

£’000 

124 

72,275 

10,225 

8,335 

40,772 

131,731 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
8,542 
- 
28 
441 
- 
- 
- 
81,286 

- 

- 

- 
- 

3,910 
(1,427) 
- 
- 
- 
1,586 
47 
- 
14,341 

- 

10,208 

10,208 

(16,779) 

1,570 
(15,209) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(6,874) 

- 

(16,779) 

- 
10,208 

- 
- 
3,557 
- 
- 
- 
(47) 
(5,272) 
49,218 

1,570 
(5,001) 

3,910 
7,119 
3,557 
28 
441 
1,586 
- 
(5,272) 
138,099 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
4 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
128 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
Year ended 28 February 2017 

Balance at 1 March 2016 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive income 
Net exchange gain on net investment in foreign subsidiaries  
Net exchange loss on hedge of net investment in foreign 
subsidiaries  
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Transactions with owners of the Company 
Tax relating to share options 
Exercise of share options 
Change in fair value of NCI put 
Issue of shares 
Issue of shares as contingent deferred consideration 
Share based payment charge 
Transfer on forfeit of share options 
Dividends  
Balance at 28 February 2017 

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements. 

Share  
capital 

Share  
premium 

Share option  
reserve 

£’000 

£’000 

120 

65,903 

£’000 

7,217 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
5,190 
- 
57 
1,125 
- 
- 
- 
72,275 

- 

- 

- 
- 

2,561 
(877) 
- 
- 
- 
1,334 
(10) 
- 
10,225 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
4 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
124 

41 

Currency  
translation  
adjustment 
£’000 

Retained  
earnings 

Total equity 

£’000 

£’000 

370 

39,654 

113,264 

- 

9,012 

9,012 

10,836 

(2,871) 
7,965 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
8,335 

- 

10,836 

- 
9,012 

- 
- 
(3,504) 
- 
- 
- 
10 
(4,400) 
40,772 

(2,871) 
16,977 

2,561 
4,317 
(3,504) 
57 
1,125 
1,334 
- 
(4,400) 
131,731 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Company statement of changes in equity 
Year ended 28 February 2018 

Balance at 1 March 2017 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive income 
Change in effective rate of deferred tax 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Transactions with owners of the Company 
Income tax relating to share options 
Exercise of share options 
Issue of shares as purchase consideration 
Issue of shares 
Share based payment charge 
Transfer on forfeit of share options 
Dividends 
Balance at 28 February 2018 

Share  
capital 
£’000 

Share  
premium 
£’000 

Share option  
reserve 
£’000 

Fair value  
reserve 
£’000 

Retained  
earnings 
£’000 

Total equity 

£’000 

124 

72,275 

9,713 

146 

24,082 

106,340 

- 

- 
- 

- 
4 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
128 

- 

- 
- 

- 
8,542 
441 
28 
- 
- 
- 
81,286 

- 

- 
- 

4,151 
(1,427) 
- 
- 
1,586 
47 
- 
14,070 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
146 

7,289 

- 
7,289 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(47) 
(5,272) 
26,052 

7,289 

- 
7,289 

4,151 
7,119 
441 
28 
1,586 
- 
(5,272) 
121,682 

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Company statement of changes in equity 
Year ended 28 February 2017 

Balance at 1 March 2016 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive income 
Change in effective rate of deferred tax 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Transactions with owners of the Company 
Income tax relating to share options 
Exercise of share options 
Issue of shares as contingent deferred consideration 
Issue of shares 
Share based payment charge 
Transfer on forfeit of share options 
Dividends 
Balance at 28 February 2017 

Share  
capital 
£’000 

Share  
premium 
£’000 

Share option  
reserve 
£’000 

Fair value  
reserve 
£’000 

Retained  
earnings 
£’000 

Total equity 

£’000 

120 

65,903 

7,217 

144 

24,825 

98,209 

- 

- 
- 

- 
4 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
5,190 
1,125 
57 
- 
- 
- 

124 

72,275 

- 

- 
- 

2,049 
(877) 
- 
- 
1,334 
(10) 
- 

9,713 

- 

2 
2 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

146 

3,647 

- 
3,647 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
10 
(4,400) 

24,082 

3,647 

2 
3,649 

2,049 
4,317 
1,125 
57 
1,334 
- 
(4,400) 
106,340 

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements.

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Consolidated cash flow statement 
Year ended 28 February 2018 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Profit for the year 
Adjustments for: 
Net finance costs/(income) 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Increase in deferred consideration 
Equity settled share-based payment transactions 
Grant income 
Share of loss of associate 
Tax expense 

Changes in: 
Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other payables 
Cash generated from operating activities 

Taxes paid 
Net cash from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Interest received 
Net increase in loans to other investments 
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired 
Acquisition of other investments and associates 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
Acquisition of intangible assets 
Deferred consideration paid 
Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Drawdown of new facility 
Repayment of borrowings 
Payment of finance lease liabilities 
Interest paid 
Dividends paid 
Net cash used in financing activities 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 March  
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash held 
Cash and cash equivalents at 28 February  

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements. 

44 

2018  
£’000 

10,208 

2,535 
2,246 
10,898 
2,980 
1,586 
(1,382) 
70 
1,889 
31,030 

(8,711) 
2,992 
25,311 

(5,733) 
19,578 

1 
(5,805) 
(114) 
(1,865) 
(3,443) 
(8,246) 
(897) 
(20,369) 

7,119 
5,300 
(3,750) 
(62) 
(1,143) 
(8,310) 
(846) 

(1,637) 
16,250 
(2,248) 
12,365 

2017  
£’000 

9,012 

(283) 
1,806 
9,703 
2,125 
1,100 
(2,148) 
24 
3,486 
24,825 

(2,536) 
7,970 
30,259 

(6,592) 
23,667 

1 
- 
- 
(4,269) 
(1,800) 
(7,656) 
(1,275) 
(14,999) 

4,317 
- 
(3,585) 
(58) 
(1,216) 
(7,253) 
(7,795) 

873 
15,100 
277 
16,250 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Company cash flow statement 
Year ended 28 February 2018 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Profit for the year 
Adjustments for: 
Finance expense and foreign exchange loss 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Dividends from associate and subsidiary 
Equity settled share-based payment transactions 
Grant income 
Tax expense 

Changes in: 
Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other payables 
Cash generated from operating activities 
Taxes paid 
Net cash from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Acquisition of other investments 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
Acquisition of intangible assets 
Deferred consideration paid 
Dividends received from associate and subsidiary 
Net cash generated/(used) in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Drawdown of new facility 
Repayment of borrowings 
Interest paid 
Dividends paid 
Net cash generated/(used) in financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 March  
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash held 
Cash and cash equivalents at 28 February  

The notes on pages 46 to 114 form part of these financial statements.

45 

2018  
£’000 

7,289 

843 
906 
4,328 
(5,411) 
1,586 
(1,242) 
397 
8,696 

(12,176) 
502 
(2,978) 
(263) 
(3,241) 

(645) 
(187) 
(1,475) 
(5,914) 
(500) 
5,411 
(3,310) 

7,119 
5,300 
(3,750) 
(1,521) 
(5,272) 
1,876 

(4,675) 
9,499 
(811) 
4,013 

2017  
£’000 

3,647 

2,080 
666 
3,501 
(5,375) 
1,100 
(1,949) 
282 
3,952 

(8,398) 
12,076 
7,630 
(296) 
7,334 

- 
(2,721) 
(995) 
(4,836) 
(326) 
5,375 
(3,503) 

4,317 
- 
(3,585) 
(1,436) 
(4,400) 
(5,104) 

(1,273) 
10,568 
204 
9,499 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (forming part of the financial statements) 

1.  Significant accounting policies 

First Derivatives plc (“FDP” or the “Company”) is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in 
Northern Ireland. The Company’s registered office is 3 Canal Quay, Newry, BT35 6BP. The consolidated 
financial  statements  consolidate  those  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  (together  referred  to  as  the 
“Group”)  and  equity  account  for  the  Group’s  interest  in  associate.  The  Company  financial  statements 
present information about the Company as a separate entity and not about the Group. 

The  Group  is  primarily  involved  in  the  provision  of  a  range  of  software  and  consulting  services, 
particularly to finance, technology, retail, pharma, manufacturing and energy institutions. 

The financial statements were authorised by the Board of Directors for issuance on 21 May 2018. 

a)  Basis of preparation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  Company  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  and 
approved by the  Directors  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards as  adopted by 
the EU (“IFRS”) and with the Companies Act 2006. On publishing the Group financial statements together 
with the Company financial statements, the Company is taking advantage of the exemption in Section 408 
of the Companies Act 2006 not to present its individual income statement and related notes that form a part 
of those approved financial statements. 

The  Group  and  Company  financial  statements  are  prepared  on  a  historical  cost  basis  except  for  the 
following items which are measured at fair value or grant date fair value: 

•  Share-based payment arrangements; 
•  Contingent deferred consideration; 
•  Derivative financial instruments; and 
•  Available for sale investments. 

The  accounting  policies  set  out  below  have,  unless  otherwise  stated,  been  applied  consistently  to  all 
periods  presented  in  these  consolidated  financial  statements  and  have  been  applied  consistently  by  the 
Group and Company other than those detailed in changes in accounting policies. 

Functional and presentational currency 
The  financial  statements  are  presented  in  GBP,  rounded  to  the  nearest  thousand,  which  is  also  the 
Company’s functional currency as its cost base is predominately in this currency. 

Changes in accounting policies 
There  were  no  additional  standards,  amendments  and  interpretations  that  had  a  material  impact  on  the 
Group  and  Company’s  financial  statements  during  the  year.  The  following  standards,  amendments  and 
interpretations were effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 March 2017 and these have 
been adopted in the Group and Company financial statements where relevant:  

•  Amendments to IAS 7: Disclosure Initiative 
•  Amendments to IAS 12: Recognition of deferred tax assets for unrealised losses 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

a)  Basis of preparation (continued) 

New standards and interpretations not adopted 
A number of new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations are effective for annual periods 
beginning  after  1  March  2017  and  have  not  been  applied  in  preparing  these  financial  statements.  The 
standards and interpretations not adopted are outlined below:  

•  IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers including amendments to IFRS 15: Effective date of 

IFRS 15 (Mandatory for the year commencing on or after 1 January 2018) 

•  IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (Mandatory for the year commencing on or after 1 January 2018) 
•  Clarifications  to  IFRS  15  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Mandatory  for  the  year 

commencing on or after 1 January 2018) 

•  Amendments  to  IFRS  4:  Applying  IFRS  9  Financial  Instruments  with  IFRS  4  Insurance  Contracts 

(Mandatory for year commencing 1 January 2018) 

•  IFRS 16: Leases (Mandatory for the year commencing on or after 1 January 2019) 
•  IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts (Mandatory for the year commencing on or after 1 January 2021) 
•  IFRIC  22  Foreign  Currency  Transactions  and  Advance  Consideration  (Mandatory  for  the  year 

commencing on or after 1 January 2018) 

•  IFRS 23 Uncertainty over Insurance Tax Treatments (Mandatory for the year commencing on or after 1 

January 2019) 

•  Amendments  to  IFRS2  Classification  and  measurement  of  share  based  payment  transactions 

(Mandatory for year commencing 1 January 2018) 

•  Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2014-2016 Cycle (Mandatory for the year commencing on or 

after 1 January 2018) 

•  Amendments to IAS 40: Transfers of Investment Properties (Mandatory for year commencing 1 January 

2018) 

•  Amendments  to  IFRS  9  Prepayment  Features  with  Negative  Compensation  (Mandatory  for  the  year 

commencing on or after 1 January 2019) 

•  Amendments to IAS 28 Long-term interests in Associates and Joint Ventures (Mandatory for the year 

commencing on or after 1 January 2019) 

•  Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2015-2017 Cycle (Mandatory for the year commencing on or 

after 1 January 2019)  

With the exception of IFRS 9, IFRS 15 and IFRS 16, the directors do not expect that the adoption of the 
standards and interpretations listed above will have material impact on the Group and Company financial 
statements.  

IFRS 9 will be effective for the Group starting 1 March 2018 and will replace the current requirements of 
IAS 39 ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’. The main changes introduced by the new 
standard are new classification and measurement requirements for certain financial assets, a new expected 
loss  model  for  the  impairment  of  financial  assets,  revisions  to  the  hedge  accounting  model  and 
amendments  to  disclosures.  The  changes  are  generally  to  be  applied  retrospectively.  The  Group  and 
Company expects limited impact on the financial statements. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

a)  Basis of preparation (continued) 

New standards and interpretations not adopted (continued) 
IFRS  15  will  be  effective  for  the  Group  and  Company  starting  1  March  2018.  The  standard  permits  a 
choice  of  two  possible  transition  methods  for  the  initial  application  of  the  requirements  of  the  new 
standard:  (1)  retrospectively  to  each  prior  reporting  period  presented  in  accordance  with  IAS  8 
(Accounting  Policies,  Changes  in  Accounting  Estimates  and  Errors),  or  (2)  retrospectively  with  the 
cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognised on the date of initial application, being 1 
March 2018 for the Group and Company (the “cumulative catch-up” approach). The Group and Company 
will adopt IFRS15 for the first time in the year ending 28 February 2019 and will adopt the retrospective 
transition method with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard reflected as an adjustment 
to the opening balance of retained earnings as of 1 March 2018.  

Accounting for revenue  
Revenue  earned  from  contracts  with  customers  will  be  recognised  based  on  a  five-step  model  which 
requires  the  transaction  price  for  each  identified  contract  to  be  apportioned  to  separate  performance 
obligations arising under the contract and recognised either when the performance obligation in the contract 
has  been  performed  (point  in  time  recognition)  or  over  time  as  control  of  the  performance  obligation  is 
transferred  to  the  customer.  Overall,  the  Group  and  Company  expects  that  adoption  of  IFRS15  will  not 
impact on how revenue is currently accounted for.  

Accounting for costs  
Costs incurred on the commission paid to employees relating to software sales are currently expensed in the 
year in which the sale is made. Under IFRS15, these costs will be recognised as an expense consistent with 
the transfer of the related goods or services to the customer and will be amortised over the life of the initial 
term of the contract.  

Key judgement:  
Annual licenses and upgrades  
Recurring  revenue  is  derived  from  the  provision  of  software  either  as  a  hosted  service  or  as  a  licensed 
deployed product. Software products provided as an annual license including the right to regular upgrades. 
Under IFRS15, judgement is required when assessing whether the annual license is a separate performance 
obligation from the provision of upgrades to the customer. The Group and Company has assessed that the 
ongoing updates and upgrades to the software are fundamental to the value of the software and that without 
these  updates  the  value  of  the  software  will  substantially  deteriorate  over  time.  Therefore,  the  annual 
license and the updates and upgrades will be combined as one performance obligation and revenue will be 
recognised  over  the  life  of  the  license  as  the  service  is  delivered  resulting  in  no  change  to  the  current 
revenue recognition.  

IFRS 16 will change lease accounting mainly for lessees, and will replace the existing standard IAS 17. An 
asset for the right to use the leased item and a liability for future lease payments will be recognised for all 
leases, subject to limited exemptions for short-term leases and low-value lease assets. The costs of leases 
will be recognised in profit or loss split between depreciation of the lease asset and a finance charge on the 
lease liability. This is similar to the existing accounting for finance leases, but substantively different to the 
existing accounting treatment for operating leases under which no lease asset or lease liability is recognised 
and rentals payable. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

a)  Basis of preparation (continued) 

Going concern 
The  Group  has  considerable  financial  resources  and  meets  its  day-to-day  working  capital  requirements 
through  generated  cash  flows  and  loan  facilities  which  are  due  for  renewal  in  Financial  Year  2020.  The 
Group’s forecasts and projections, taking account of reasonably possible changes in trading performance, 
show  that  the  Group  should  be  able  to  operate  within  the  level  of  its  facilities.  As  a  result  the  Directors 
believe that the Group is well placed to manage its business risks successfully.  

The Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company and the Group have adequate resources to 
continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing the annual report and financial statements. 

Further  investigations  regarding  the  Group  and  Company’s  loan  facilities  are  discussed  in  note  23. 
Additionally note 2 to the financial statements include the Group and Company’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing its capital, its financial risk management objectives and its exposure to credit risk 
and liquidity risk. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRSs  requires  management  to  make 
judgements,  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  policies  and  reported  amounts  of 
assets and liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.   

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  and  revised  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to 
accounting  estimates  are  recognised  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in  any  future 
periods affected. 

Information about critical judgements in applying accounting policies that have the most significant impact 
on the amounts recognised in the financial statements are as follows: 

•  It  is  noted  that  management  have  assessed  that  all  residences  owned  by  the  Group  are  held  for  use 
within the business and as such are classified as property, plant and equipment, rather than investment 
property. 

•  Management have assessed that in respect of the available for sale investments, the Group does not hold 

significant influence over the investees’ financial and operating policies. 

Information  about  assumptions  and  estimation  uncertainties  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  resulting  in  a 
material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities are as follows: 

•  Management  have  estimated  the  amount  of  deferred  consideration  payable  on  the  acquisitions  of 
subsidiaries which is based on forecast results and certain other criteria as required by the terms of the 
sale  and  purchase  agreements.  Management  have  made  best  estimates  of  the  fair  value  of  contingent 
deferred consideration payable based on the relevant share purchase agreements. 

•  Management have assessed the deferred tax asset as being recoverable based on forecast results.  
•  Goodwill on acquisitions is not amortised, but is tested for impairment on an annual basis. Management 
have  assessed  goodwill  for  impairment  based  on  the  projected  profitability  of  the  individual  cash 
generating unit to which the goodwill relates. No impairments have been identified. Other intangibles 
are being amortised and tested for impairment if an indicator of impairment is identified. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

a)  Basis of preparation (continued) 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements (continued) 
•  Management have estimated the fair value of customer relationships acquired in a business combination 
by  applying  the  multi-period  excess  earnings  method,  whereby  the  subject  asset  is  valued  after 
deducting a fair return of all other assets that are part of creating the related cash flows. The fair value 
of  other  intangible  assets  acquired  in  a  business  combination  is  based  on  the  discounted  cash  flows 
expected  to  be  derived  from  the  use  and  eventual  sale  of  the  assets.  The  useful  economic  life  of  the 
intangible assets are assessed as being critical and are based on management’s estimate of the life over 
which revenue can be generated and taking cognisance of the useful economic life of similar competitor 
products. 

Management have assessed that there are no other estimates or judgements that have a significant risk of 
causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities recognised in the financial 
statements other than those disclosed in note 32(b) in respect of the measurement of fair values for level 3 
financial instruments.  

Measurement of fair values 
A number of the Group’s and Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement at 
fair values of both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. 

Management  have  established  a  control  framework  with  respect  to  the  measurement  of  fair  values  and 
regularly  review  significant  unobservable  inputs  and  valuation  adjustments.  If  third  party  information  is 
used  to  measure  fair  values,  then  management  assesses  the  evidence  obtained  from  the  third  parties  to 
support the conclusion that such valuations meet the requirements of IFRS, including the level in the fair 
value hierarchy in which such valuations should be classified. 

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group and Company uses market observable 
data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the 
inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows: 

•  Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 
•  Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, 

either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices). 

•  Level  3:  inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  that  are  not  based  on  observable  market  data  (unobservable 

inputs). 

If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability are categorised in different levels of the 
fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the 
fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement. 

The Group recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period 
during which the change has occurred. 

Further  information  about  the  assumptions  made  in  measuring  fair  values  is  included  in  the  following 
notes: 

•  Note 32 – financial instruments; and  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

•  Note 33 – share based payment arrangements. 

51 

 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

b)  Basis of consolidation 

i)  Business combinations 
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method as at the acquisition date, which is 
the date on which control is transferred to the Group. The Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date 
as: 

•  the fair value of the consideration transferred; plus 
•  the recognised amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree; plus 
•  if  the  business  combination  is  achieved  in  stages,  the  fair  value  of  the  existing  equity  interest  in  the 

acquiree; less 

•  the  net  recognised  amount  (generally  fair  value)  of  the  identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities 
assumed. Identifiable intangibles are those which can be sold separately or which arise from contractual 
or legal rights regardless of whether those rights are separable. 

When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognised immediately in profit or loss. 

The  consideration  transferred  does  not  include  amounts  related  to  the  settlement  of  a  pre-existing 
relationship. Such amounts are generally recognised in profit or loss. 

The fair value of customer relationships acquired in a business combination is determined using the multi-
period excess earnings method, whereby the subject asset is valued after deducting a fair return of all other 
assets that are part of creating the related cash flows. The fair value of other intangible assets acquired in a 
business  combination  is  based  on  the  discounted  cash  flows  expected  to  be  derived  from  the  use  and 
eventual sale of the assets. 

Transaction  costs  other  than  those  associated  with  the  issue  of  debt  or  equity  securities,  that  the  Group 
incurs in connection with a business combination are expensed as incurred. 

Any deferred and contingent consideration payable is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. If the 
contingent consideration is classified as equity, it is not remeasured and settlement is accounted for within 
equity.  Otherwise,  contingent  consideration  is  remeasured  at  fair  value  at  each  reporting  date  and 
subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognised in profit or loss.  

ii)  Subsidiaries 
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has 
rights  to,  variable  returns  from  its  involvement  with  the  entity  and  has  the  ability  to  affect  those  returns 
through its power over the entity. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated 
financial statements from the date on which control commences until the date on which control ceases. 

iii) Non-controlling interests (‘NCI’) 
NCI  are  measured  at  their  proportionate  share  of  the  acquiree’s  identifiable  net  assets  at  the  date  of 
acquisition.  Changes  in  the  Group’s  interest  in  a  subsidiary  that  do  not  result  in  a  loss  of  control  are 
accounted for as equity transactions. The Group accounts for any put option on the shares of its subsidiary 
held  by  a  NCI  shareholder  that  obliges  the  Group  to  purchase  the  shares  for  cash  or  another  financial 
instrument (NCI put) at fair value on initial recognition. Subsequent changes in the fair value of the NCI 
put are recognised directly in equity. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

b)  Basis of consolidation (continued) 

iv) Investments in associates (equity accounted investees) 
Associates  are  those  entities  in  which  the  Group  has  significant  influence,  but  not  control,  over  the 
financial and operating policies. Significant influence is presumed to exist when the Group holds between 
20 and 50 percent of the voting power of another entity. 

Associates  are  accounted  for  using  the  equity  method  (equity  accounted  investees)  and  are  initially 
recognised  at  cost.  This  includes  goodwill  identified  on  acquisition  and  fair  value  of  intangibles  (these 
amounts are not recognised separately in the consolidated financial statements but included in the Group’s 
net  investment  in  the  associate).  The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  Group’s  share  of  the 
profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive  income,  after  adjustments  to  align  the  accounting  policies  with 
those  of  the  Group,  from  the  date  that  significant  influence  commences  until  the  date  that  significant 
influence  ceases  net  of  any  impairment  on  the  investment.  In  the  Company’s  financial  statements, 
investments in associates are carried at cost less any provision made for impairment. 

v)  Transactions eliminated on consolidation 
Intra-group  balances  and  transactions  and  any  unrealised  income  and  expenses  arising  from  intra-group 
transactions,  are  eliminated  in  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Unrealised  gains  arising 
from transactions with equity-accounted investees are eliminated against the investment to the extent of the 
Group’s interest in the investee. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealised gains, but 
only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment. 

c)  Foreign currency  

i)  Foreign currency transactions 
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currency of the Group entities 
at the exchange rate ruling at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in 
foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at 
that date. Monetary liabilities designated as a hedge of net investments are treated as set out in note 1(c) 
(iii). Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at historical 
cost are translated using the exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are translated to the functional 
currency  at  the  exchange  rate  ruling  at  the  date  the  fair  value  was  determined.  Foreign  exchange 
differences  arising  on  retranslation  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss,  except  for  differences  arising  on  the 
retranslation of a financial liability designated as a hedge of the net investment in a foreign operation to the 
extent  that  the  hedge  is  effective,  which  is  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  in  the  Group’s 
financial statements. 

Gains  or  losses  arising  on  the  retranslation  of  foreign  currency  denominated  deferred  and  contingent 
consideration estimated as payable at the year-end on acquisitions prior to 1 March 2013 are accounted as 
an  adjustment  to  goodwill.  On  acquisitions  on  or  after  1  March  2013  the  retranslation  gain  or  loss  is 
accounted for in profit or loss separately for deferred consideration and as part of the fair value movement 
on contingent deferred consideration. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

c)  Foreign currency (continued) 

ii)  Foreign operations 
The assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on 
consolidation,  are  translated  to  GBP  at  foreign  exchange  rates  ruling  at  the  balance  sheet  date.  The 
revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated to GBP at the foreign exchange rates ruling at 
the dates of the transactions. Foreign currency differences are recognised in other comprehensive income 
and presented in the currency translation adjustment reserve in equity. 

When a foreign operation is disposed of, such that control or significant influence is lost, the cumulative 
amount in the translation reserve related to that foreign operation is reclassified to profit or loss as part of 
the  gain  or  loss  on  disposal.  When  the  Group  disposes  of  only  part  of  its  interest  in  a  subsidiary  that 
includes  a  foreign  operation  while  retaining  control,  the  relevant proportion of  the  cumulative  amount  is 
reattributed  to  non-controlling  interests.  When  the  Group  disposes  of  only  part  of  its  investment  in  an 
associate that includes a foreign operation while retaining significant influence, the relevant proportion of 
the cumulative amount is reclassified to profit or loss. 

Certain  exchange  differences  arising  from  monetary  items  receivable  from  or  payable  to  a  foreign 
operation, the settlement of which is neither planned nor likely in the foreseeable future, are considered to 
form part of a net investment in a foreign operation and are recognised in other comprehensive income and 
presented in the currency translation adjustment reserve in equity.  

iii) Hedge of net investment in foreign operation 
Foreign currency differences arising on the retranslation of foreign currency loans designated as a hedge of 
net  investments  in  a  foreign  operation  are  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  to  the  extent  the 
hedge, when designated in a hedge relationship which has been formally documented in line with IAS 39 
(Recognition  and  Measurement),  is  effective  and  are  presented  in  the  currency  translation  adjustment 
reserve. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, such differences are recognised in profit or loss. When 
the  hedged  part  of  a  net  investment  is  disposed  of,  the  associated  cumulative  amount  in  equity  is 
transferred to profit or loss as an adjustment to the profit or loss on disposal. 

d)  Property, plant and equipment 

i)  Owned assets 
Property,  plant  and  equipment  is  reported  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated 
impairment  losses.  Cost  includes  expenditure  that  is  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  of  the  asset. 
When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, those components are 
accounted for as separate items of property, plant and equipment. 

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined by comparing the 
proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment and is recognised 
net within other administrative expenses in profit or loss.   

ii)  Leased assets 
Leases  where  the  Group  assumes  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  are  classified  as 
finance leases. Upon initial recognition the leased asset is measured at an amount equal to the lower of its 
fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset 
is accounted for in accordance with the accounting policy applicable to that asset. 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
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Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

d)  Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

ii)  Leased assets (continued) 
Assets  held  under  other  leases  are  classified  as  operating  leases  and  are  not  recognised  in  the  Group’s 
statement of financial position. 

iii) Subsequent costs 
The  Group  recognises  in  the  carrying  amount  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  the  cost  of 
replacing part of such an item when that cost is incurred if it is probable that the future economic benefits 
embodied  within  the  item  will  flow  to  the  Group  and  the  cost  of  the  item  can  be  measured  reliably.  All 
other costs are recognised in profit or loss as an expense as incurred. 

iv) Depreciation 
Depreciation is calculated to write down the costs of parts of items to their estimated residual values and is 
charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item of 
property, plant and equipment. Leased assets are depreciated  over the shorter of the lease term and their 
useful  lives  unless  it  is  reasonably  certain  that  the  Group  will  obtain  ownership  by  the  end  of  the  lease 
term. Depreciation is calculated using the following annual rates: 

Office furniture and equipment 
Plant and equipment 
Buildings – long leasehold and freehold 

- 
- 
- 

25%  
25-50%  
2%  

Items of property, plant and equipment are depreciated from the date that the asset is completed and ready 
for use. 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if 
appropriate. 

e)  Available for sale financial assets 
The Group’s investments in unquoted equity instruments are classified as available for sale financial assets. 
These assets are initially measured at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent 
to initial recognition, they are measured at fair value and changes therein, other than impairment losses and 
foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  on  available  for  sale  monetary  items  are  recognised  in  Other 
Comprehensive Income (OCI) and accumulated in the fair value reserve. When an investment is sold, the 
cumulative gain or loss in equity is transferred to profit or loss. Investments in unquoted equity instruments 
held  by  the  Company  are  classified  as  being  available-for-sale  and  are  held  at  fair  value  unless  the  fair 
value  of  these  assets  cannot  be  measured  reliably,  in  which  case  they  are  measured  at  cost,  subject  to 
impairment testing. 

f)  Intangible assets and goodwill 

i)  Goodwill 
Goodwill  that  arises  on  the  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  is  presented  with  intangible  assets.  For  the 
measurement of goodwill at initial recognition see note 1(b). 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

f)  Intangible assets and goodwill (continued) 

i)  Goodwill (continued) 
Goodwill  is  measured  at  cost  less  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  In  respect  of  equity  accounted 
investees,  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill  is  included  in  the  carrying  amount  of  the  investment  in  the 
investee.  Goodwill  is  allocated  to  cash-generating  units  and  is  tested  annually  for  impairment.  Goodwill 
arising on acquisitions is not amortised. 

Negative goodwill arising on an acquisition is recognised immediately in profit or loss. 

ii)  Research and development 
Expenditure on research activities undertaken with the prospect of gaining new technical knowledge and 
understanding, is recognised in profit or loss as an expense as incurred. 

Expenditure on development activities, whereby research findings are applied to a plan or design for the 
production  of  new  or  substantially  improved  products  and  processes,  is  capitalised  only  if  development 
costs  can  be  measured  reliably,  the  product  or  process  is  technically  and  commercially  feasible,  future 
economic  benefits  are  probable  and  the  Group  intends  to  and  has  sufficient  resources  to  complete 
development and to use or sell the asset.  

The expenditure capitalised in respect of software assets includes the cost of materials, direct labour and an 
appropriate proportion of overheads that are directly attributable to preparing the asset for its intended use. 
Other development expenditure is recognised through profit and loss as an expense as incurred. Capitalised 
development expenditure is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses. 

Tax credits for research and development are recognised at their fair value based on amounts recoverable 
from the tax authorities in current and future years. A credit is recognised in the income statement against 
the  related  expense  or  recognised  in  the  period  in  which  the  expenditure  is  amortised  where  the  related 
expenditure is capitalised. 

iii) Other intangible assets 
Intangible  assets  that  are  acquired  by  the  Group  are  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated  amortisation  and 
impairment losses. 

iv) Subsequent expenditure 
Subsequent  expenditure  on  capitalised  intangible  assets  is  capitalised  only  when  it  increases  the  future 
economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is recognised in 
profit or loss as incurred. 

v)  Amortisation 
Except for goodwill,  intangible assets  are  amortised based on the cost of an  asset less its residual  value. 
Amortisation is charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of 
intangible assets, from the date that the asset is available for use as follows: 

Customer lists 
Acquired software 
Brands 
Developed software 

- 
- 
- 
- 

12.5%  
12.5%  
12.5%  
12.5% - 20.0%  

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

f)  Intangible assets and goodwill (continued) 

v)  Amortisation (continued) 
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if 
appropriate. 

g)  Trade and other receivables 
Trade  and  other  receivables  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value  plus  any  directly  attributable  transaction 
costs. Short-term receivables with no stated interest rate are measured at the original invoice amount if the 
effect of discounting is immaterial. Trade and other receivables are subsequently stated at amortised cost 
less impairment losses. 

h)  Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprises of cash balances and call deposits with an original maturity of three 
months or less and are measured at amortised cost. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form 
an integral part of the Group’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents 
for the purpose of the statement of cash flows. 

i)  Trade and other payables 
Trade and other payables are initially measured at fair value less any directly attributable transaction costs. 
Trade and other payables are subsequently measured at amortised cost. 

j)  Loans and borrowings 
Loans and borrowings are recognised initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to 
initial recognition, loans and borrowings are stated at amortised cost with any difference between cost and 
redemption  value  being  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  over  the  period  of  the  borrowings  on  an  effective 
interest basis. 

k)  Derivative financial instruments 
The  Group  holds  derivatives  financial  instruments  in  respect  of  warrants  held  over  an  interest  in  an 
associate,  together  with  loan  commitments  and  other  derivative  liabilities.  Derivatives  are  initially 
measured  at  fair  value;  any  directly  attributable  transaction  costs  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  as 
incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are measured at fair value and changes therein are 
generally recognised in profit or loss. 

l)  Impairment 

i)  Financial assets 
A  financial  asset  not  carried  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  is  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  to 
determine whether there is any objective evidence that it is impaired. A financial asset is considered to be 
impaired  if  objective  evidence  indicates  that  a  loss event  has  occurred  after  the  initial  recognition of  the 
assets and that the loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that can 
be estimated reliably. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

l)  Impairment (continued) 

i)  Financial assets (continued) 
Objective  evidence  that  financial  assets  are  impaired  can  include  default  or  delinquency  by  a  debtor, 
restructuring  of  an  amount  due  to  the  Group  on  terms  that  the  Group  would  not  consider  otherwise, 
indications  that  a  debtor  or  issuer  will  enter  bankruptcy,  adverse  changes  in  the  payment  status  of 
borrowers or issuers in the Group, economic conditions that correlate with defaults or the disappearance of 
an  active  market  for  a  security.  In  addition,  for  an  investment  in  an  equity  security,  a  significant  or 
prolonged decline in its fair value below its cost is objective evidence of impairment. 

ii)  Loans and receivables 
The  Group  considers  evidence  of  impairment  for  loans  and  receivables  at  a  specific  asset  level.  All 
individually significant receivables are assessed for specific impairment. All individually significant loans 
and receivables found not to be specifically impaired are then collectively assessed for any impairment that 
has  been  incurred  but  not  yet  identified.  Loans  and  receivables  that  are  not  individually  significant  are 
collectively  assessed  for  impairment  by  grouping  together  loans  and  receivables  with  similar  risk 
characteristics. 

In assessing collective impairment the Group uses historical trends of the probability of default, the timing 
of recoveries and the amount of loss incurred, adjusted for management’s judgement as to whether current 
economic and credit conditions are such that the actual losses are likely to be greater or less than suggested 
by historical trends.  

iii) Non-financial assets 
The carrying amounts of the Group’s non-financial assets, other than deferred tax assets, are reviewed at 
each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  If  any  such  indication 
exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.  

For  goodwill  and  assets  that  are  not  yet  available  for  use,  the  recoverable  amount  is  estimated  at  each 
reporting  date.  An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  if  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  its  related  cash-
generating unit (CGU) exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. 

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to 
sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a 
pre-tax  discount  rate  that  reflects  current  market  assessments  of  the  time  value  of  money  and  the  risks 
specific to the asset or CGU. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped together into the 
smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the 
cash  inflows  of  other  assets  or  CGUs.  Goodwill  acquired  in  a  business  combination,  is  allocated  to  the 
legal entity or business that has been acquired in a business combination, which reflects the lowest level at 
which goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes.   

Impairment losses are recognised in  profit or loss. Impairment losses recognised in respect of  CGUs  are 
allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU and then to reduce the 
carrying amount of the other assets in the CGU on a pro rata basis.   

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

l)  Impairment (continued) 

iii) Non-financial assets (continued) 
An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  goodwill  is  not  reversed.  In  respect  of  other  assets,  impairment  losses 
recognised  in  prior  periods  are  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  for  any  indications  that  the  loss  has 
decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates 
used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s 
carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation 
or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised. 

m) Employee benefits 

i)  Defined contribution plans 
The Group operates a defined contribution (pension) plan for employees. A defined contribution plan is a 
post-employment benefit  plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a separate  entity  and 
will  have  no  legal  or  constructive  obligation  to  pay  further  amounts.  Obligations  for  contributions  to 
defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense through profit or loss as incurred. 

ii)  Share-based payment transactions 
The grant date fair value of equity share-based payment arrangements granted to employees is  generally 
recognised as an expense with a corresponding increase in equity over the vesting period. The fair value of 
the options granted is measured using an adjusted Black-Scholes model, taking into account the terms and 
conditions  upon  which  the  options  were  granted.  Measurement  inputs  include  the  share  price  on  the 
measurement date, the exercise price of the instrument, expected volatility (based on an evaluation of the 
Company’s historic volatility, particularly  over  the  historic period commensurate with the expected term 
and adjusted for recent volatility changes), expected term of the instruments (based on historical experience 
and  general  option  holder  behaviour),  expected  dividends  and  the  risk-free  interest  rate  (based  on 
government  bonds).  Service  and  non-market  performance  conditions  attached  to  the  transactions  are  not 
taken into account in determining fair value. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the 
actual  number  of  share  options  that  vest.  On  the  lapse  of  share  options  on  the  vesting  date  the  amount 
recognised in shares to be issued is transferred to retained earnings. On the exercise of share options, the 
amount recorded in shares to be issued is transferred to the share premium reserve. 

iii) Short term benefits 
Liabilities  for  employee  benefits  for  wages,  salaries  and  annual  leave  entitlements  represent  present 
obligations  resulting  from  employees’  services  provided  up  to  the  reporting  date  and  are  calculated  at 
undiscounted amounts based on remuneration wage and salary rates that the Group expects to pay as at the 
reporting date. 

A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus plans if the Group 
has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the 
employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

n)  Revenue 

i)  Products and Services rendered 
Revenue from products and services rendered is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or 
receivable and is recognised in profit or loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction at 
the reporting date. No revenue is recognised if there are significant uncertainties regarding recovery of the 
consideration due. The Group does not have contracts involving a combination of products and services. 
Revenue in respect of each product or service is as follows: 

•  Revenue from perpetual software licensing is recognised upon delivery to the customer where there are 
no significant vendor obligations remaining following delivery, the client has accepted the software and 
the collection of the resulting receivable is considered probable.   

•  Revenue from annual licensing is recognised over the period to which the contract relates. 
•  Revenue from consulting services is recognised in the month the service is performed, upon acceptance 

by the customer and when the collection of the resulting receivable is considered probable.   

•  In  respect  of  customisation  of  software,  revenue  is  recognised  upon  acceptance  by  the  customer  and 

when the collection of the resulting receivable is considered probable. 

•  Revenue  from  data  management  hosting,  other  hosting  and  transactional  activities  is  recognised  over 
the period to which the contract relates or the transaction occurs which gives rise to the receivable. In 
instances  where  a  non-refundable  fee  is  paid  by  the  customer,  the  fair  value  of  any  significant 
obligations are deferred and recognised over the life of the contract; the remaining balance is recognised 
following delivery and when the resulting receivable is considered probable. 

ii)  Government grants 
An  unconditional  government  grant  is  recognised  as  other  operating  income  when  the  grant  becomes 
receivable.  Other  government  grants  are  initially  recognised  in  the  balance  sheet  as  deferred  income  if 
there  is  reasonable  assurance  that  they  will  be  received  and  that  the  Group  has  complied  with  the 
conditions attaching to it; they are released to the income statement as other income on a systematic basis 
over  the  performance  condition  period.  Grants  that  compensate  the  Group  for  expenses  incurred  are 
recognised as other operating income through profit or loss on a  systematic  basis in the  same  periods in 
which the expenses are incurred. Grants that compensate the Group for the cost of an asset are recognised 
in the income statement as other operating income on a systematic basis over the useful life of the asset. 

o)  Lease payments 

i)  Operating lease payments 
Payments made under operating leases are recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term 
of the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised in profit or loss as an integral part of the total lease 
expense, over the terms of the lease. 

ii)  Finance lease payments 
Minimum lease payments made under finance leases are apportioned between the finance charge and the 
reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance expense is allocated to each period during the lease term 
so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

o)  Lease payments (continued) 

iii) Determining whether an arrangement contains a lease 
At inception of an arrangement, the Group determines whether such an arrangement is or contains a lease. 
A specific  asset is the subject of a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on  the use  of that 
specified asset. An arrangement conveys the right to use the asset if the arrangement conveys to the Group 
the right to control the use of the underlying asset. 

At  inception  or  upon  reassessment  of  the  arrangement,  the  Group  separates  payments  and  other 
consideration required by such an arrangement into those for the lease and those for other elements on the 
basis  of  their  relative  fair  values.  If  the  Group  concludes  for  a  finance  lease  that  it  is  impracticable  to 
separate the payments reliably, then an asset and a liability are recognised at an amount equal to the fair 
value of the underlying asset. Subsequently the liability is reduced as payments are made and an imputed 
finance charge on the liability is recognised using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate. 

p)  Finance income and expenses 
Finance income  comprises interest receivable on funds invested and dividend income. Interest income is 
recognised through profit or loss as it accrues, using the effective interest method.  

Financing  expenses  comprises  interest  payable  on  borrowings  calculated  using  the  effective  interest  rate 
method, and foreign exchange gains and losses. The interest expense component of finance lease payments 
is recognised through profit or loss using the effective interest rate method. 

Finance income and expenses included the foreign currency gain or loss on financial assets and liabilities. 

q)  Taxation 
Tax expense on the profit or loss for the period presented comprises current and deferred tax. Current and 
deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination or 
items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income. 

i)  Current tax 
Current  tax  is  the  expected  tax  payable  or  receivable  on  the  taxable  income  for  the  year, using  tax  rates 
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of 
previous years. 

ii)  Deferred tax 
Deferred  tax  is  provided  using  the  liability  method,  providing  for  temporary  differences  between  the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation 
purposes.  The  following  temporary  differences  are  not  provided  for:  goodwill  not  deductible  for  tax 
purposes, those arising from the initial recognition of assets or liabilities acquired in a transaction that is 
not a business combination and that affects neither  accounting nor taxable profit or loss, and differences 
relating  to  investments  in  subsidiaries  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  they  will  not  reverse  in  the 
foreseeable future. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or 
settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted 
at the reporting date. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
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Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

q)  Taxation (continued) 

ii)  Deferred tax (continued) 
In determining the amount of current and deferred tax the Group takes into account the impact of uncertain 
tax positions and whether additional taxes and interest may be due. The Group believes that its accruals for 
tax  liabilities  are  adequate  for  all  open  tax  years  based  on  its  assessment  of  many  factors,  including 
interpretations of tax law  and prior experience. This assessment relies on estimates and assumptions and 
may  involve  a  series  of  judgements  about  future  events.  New  information  may  become  available  that 
causes  the  Company  to  change  its  judgement  regarding  the  adequacy  of  existing  tax  liabilities;  such 
changes to tax liabilities will impact tax expense in the period that such a determination is made. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be 
available against which the asset  can be utilised. Deferred tax  assets are reviewed  at  each  reporting date 
and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised. 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  if  there  is  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  offset  current  tax 
liabilities and assets and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable 
entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or 
their tax assets and liabilities will be realised simultaneously. 

r)  Classification of financial instruments issued by the Group 
Financial  instruments  issued  by  the  Group  are  treated  as  equity  only  to  the  extent  that  they  meet  the 
following two conditions:  

a)  they include no contractual obligations upon the Company (or Group as the case may be) to deliver cash 
or other financial assets or to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another party under 
conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the Company (or Group); and  

b)  where the instrument will or may be settled in the Company’s own equity instruments, it is either a non-
derivative  that  includes  no  obligation  to  deliver  a  variable  number  of  the  Company’s  own  equity 
instruments or is a derivative that will be settled by the Company’s exchanging a fixed amount of cash 
or other financial asset for a fixed number of its own equity instruments. 

To  the  extent  that  this  definition  is  not  met,  the  proceeds  of  issue  are  classified  as  a  financial  liability. 
Where  the  instrument  so  classified  takes  the  legal  form  of  the  Company’s  own  shares,  the  amounts 
presented  in  these  financial  statements  for  called  up  share  capital  and  share  premium  account  exclude 
amounts in relation to those shares.   

s)  Share capital 
Ordinary  shares  are  classified  as  equity.  Incremental  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of  ordinary 
shares are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects. The nominal value of shares issued 
is  recognised  as  share  capital.  The  value  of  the  consideration  received  in  excess  of  the  nominal  value  is 
recognised as share premium. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Notes (continued) 

1.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

t)  Earnings per share 
The Group presents basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) data for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS is 
calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Group by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting 
the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary shares 
outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares, which comprise share options granted to 
employees, Executive Directors and as part of business combinations. 

u)  Segmental reporting 
An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it may 
earn revenues and incur expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of 
the Group’s other components. The operating results are regularly reviewed by the board and comprise one 
segment;  however,  the  information  provided  contains  revenue  split  between  the  various  consulting  and 
software activities along with contribution figures. The Group makes substantial investment in developing 
highly technical training which is provided to all staff so they may work in both areas of the business. 

v)  Adjusted EBITDA 
Adjusted  EBITDA  is  defined  as  results  from  operating  activities  before  acquisition  costs,  changes  in 
contingent  deferred  consideration  assessed  as  remuneration,  share-based  payments  and  related  costs, 
depreciation  of  property,  plant  and  equipment;  and  amortisation  of  intangible  assets.  The  Group  uses 
adjusted EDITDA as an underlying measure of its performance. 

2.  Financial risk management 

Overview 
The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks; market risk (principally foreign exchange 
risk and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. 

Credit risk 
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a counterparty fails to meet its contractual obligation 
and  principally  arises  from  the  Group’s  receivables  from  customers  through  selling  on  credit.  This  is 
managed  through  credit  control  procedures.  Regular  contact  is  made  with  customers  when  debts  are 
overdue  with  follow  up  procedures  carried  out  as  required.  The  Group  establishes  an  allowance  for 
impairment  that  represents  its  estimate  of  incurred  losses  in  respect  of  trade  and  other  receivables. 
Concentration of credit risk is disclosed in note 32 to the financial statements. 

Liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with 
its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or other financial assets. The Group’s approach to 
managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its 
liabilities when due, under normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking 
damage to the Group’s reputation. 

The  Group  generates  positive  operating  cash  flows,  and  is  able  to  meet  its  liabilities  as  they  fall  due.  In 
addition the Group has lines of credit identified in note 23 to the financial statements. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Notes (continued) 

2.  Financial risk management (continued) 

Market risk 
Market  risk  is  the  risk  that  changes  in  market  prices,  such  as  foreign  exchange  rates,  interest  rates  and 
equity  prices  will  affect  the  Group’s  income  or  the  value  of  its  holdings  of  financial  instruments.  The 
objective  of  market  risk  management  is  to  manage  and  control  market  risk  exposures  within  acceptable 
parameters, while optimising the return. 

The  Group  currently  does  not  use  derivative  financial  instruments  to  hedge  its  exposure  to  currency  or 
interest rate risk. All loans are currently variable rate in nature, with the terms being at prevailing market 
interest rates. The Group holds derivatives in respect of warrants over an interest in an associate together 
with loan commitments which provides exposure to market risk. 

The  level  of  trading  and  borrowings  in  foreign  currency  in  respect  of  foreign  subsidiaries  produces  a 
natural hedge of a large proportion of the Group’s exposures to foreign currency movements on trading and 
investments. Certain borrowings in foreign currencies are designated as net investment hedges of foreign 
operations. 

Capital management  
The  Board’s  policy  is  to  maintain  a  strong  capital  base  so  as  to  maintain  investor,  creditor  and  market 
confidence  and  to  sustain  future  development  of  the  business  (capital  is  defined  as  share  capital,  share 
premium, retained earnings and shares to be issued). The Board of Directors monitors the return on capital 
as well as the level of dividends to ordinary shareholders. 

The Group is not subject to external requirements in respect of its capital, with the exception of the need to 
comply  with the  level  of  ordinary  shares  available  for  trading  on  the  Alternative  Investment  Market  and 
Enterprise Securities Market, with which the Group has complied in the current year. Additional shares in 
the  Group  are  made  available  to  staff  by  the  use  of  share  option  schemes  as  disclosed  in  note  33  to  the 
financial statements and as purchase consideration in business combinations. The Board seeks to maintain 
a  balance  between  the  higher  returns  that  might  be  possible  with  higher  level  of  borrowings  and  the 
advantages and security afforded by a strong capital position. 

3.  Acquisitions of subsidiary and associate 

Acquisition of subsidiary 
On  7  December  2017,  the  Group  and  Company  acquired  the  entire  share  capital  of  Telconomics09  S.L, 
based in Madrid, Spain. The acquisition will enable the Group and Company to accelerate its growth into 
the telecoms vertical. 

In the 2.5 months to 28 February 2018, the subsidiary contributed revenue of £115k and net profit of £22k 
to the consolidated net profit for the year. If the acquisition had occurred on 1 March 2017, management 
estimates that revenue for the Group would have been £186,613k and net profit for the year would have 
been an estimated £10,304k. In determining these amounts, management have assumed that the fair value 
adjustments that arose on the date of acquisition would have been the same if the acquisition occurred on 1 
March 2017. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

3.  Acquisitions of subsidiary and associate (continued) 

Acquisition of subsidiary (continued) 
The  following  summarises  the  major  classes  of  consideration  transferred  and  the  recognised  fair  value 
amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. 

Effect of acquisition 
The acquisition had the following effect on the Group’s assets and liabilities.  

Acquiree’s net assets at the acquisition date: 
Intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Deferred tax asset 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other payables 
Deferred tax liability 

Net identifiable assets and liabilities 

Goodwill on acquisition 

Consideration paid, satisfied as follows: 
Cash 
Shares issued (12,199 shares) 

Consideration paid, satisfied as follows (continued): 
Cash consideration paid 
Cash (acquired) 

Net cash outflow 

Recognised 
values on 
acquisition 
£’000 

234 
6 
296 
327 
485 
(139) 
(58) 

1,151 

480 

1,631 

1,190 
441 

1,631 

599 
(485) 

114 

Of the cash consideration £591k was outstanding at year end and is payable post 28 February 2018. 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

3.  Acquisitions of subsidiary and associate (continued) 

Acquisition of subsidiary (continued) 

Shares issued 
The fair value of the ordinary shares issued was based on the listed share price on 7 December 2017, the 
effective date of control (3,611 pence per share). 

Goodwill 
Goodwill has arisen on the acquisition and reflects the future economic benefits arising from assets that are 
not  capable  of  being  identified  individually  and  recognised  as  separate  assets.  The  goodwill  reflects  the 
anticipated profitability and synergistic benefits arising from the combination. The Group has carried out 
an impairment review of goodwill as at 28 February 2018 and has not identified any impairment (see note 
17). 

Contingent deferred purchase consideration 
The Group and Company has agreed to pay an additional consideration of up to €1,600k (£1,400k) on the 
achievement of certain performance targets over the three year period post acquisition. This consideration 
is conditional on future service conditions and has been assessed as being post-acquisition remuneration. 
An expense of £nil has been recognised in the current year. 

Acquisition related costs 
The Group incurred acquisition-related costs of £46k related to external legal fees, due diligence costs and 
other acquisition costs which have been included in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income. 

Acquisition of associate 
On  30  June  2016,  the  Group  acquired  a  15.30%  interest  in  RxDataScience  Inc.  (RxD)  and  subsequently 
increased this to 26.49% as at 28 February 2017. RxD is not a publicly listed company. 

During the year ended 28 February 2018 the Group increased its interest to 36.66% as certain milestones 
were met and continues to account for its interest as an associate.  

Recognised value at date of becoming an associate 
Additions during year ended 28 February 2018 

Goodwill on 
acquisition 

£’000 

1,508 
972 

Share of 
identifiable 
net assets 
£’000 

40 
181 

Total cash 
paid 

£’000 

1,548 
1,153 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

4.  Operating segments 

Business segments 
The Group’s board of Directors is considered to be the Chief Operating Decision Maker of the Group and 
reviews  internal  management  reports  on  a  regular  basis.  The  reports  provided  to  the  board  of  Directors 
focus  on  Group  performance.  The  information  provided  to  the  board  does  not  report  performance  on  a 
segmented income statement basis, however, contained within the Group management accounts is a split of 
revenue,  detailing  the  various  client  engagement  consulting  and  software  sales  and  contribution  figures 
throughout the Group. Staff work in both areas of the business with substantial investment being made by 
the Group in developing highly technical training which is provided to all staff to allow them to cover both 
software and consulting skills.  

The  Group  has  disclosed  below  certain  information  regarding  its  revenue  and  non-current  assets  by 
geographical location. In presenting this information, segment revenue has been based on the geographic 
location  of  customers  and  segment  assets  were  based  on  the  geographic  location  of  the  assets.  Details 
regarding total revenues are presented in note 5. 

The Group’s two revenue streams are separated as follows: 

•  Consulting activities involves providing services to Capital Markets; and 
•  Software activities which includes the license of intellectual property and related services. 

Revenue by division 

Managed services and consulting 
Software 

2018   
£’000 

74,130 
111,912 

2017   
£’000 

63,495 
88,202 

Total 

186,042 

151,697 

Geographical location analysis 

UK 
Rest of Europe 
North America 
Australasia 

Revenues 

Non-current assets 

2018   
£’000 

58,054 
29,824 
79,673 
18,491 

2017   
£’000 

55,821 
23,413 
60,578 
11,885 

2018   
£’000 

34,783 
13,340 
120,529 
1,464 

2017   
£’000 

32,155 
16,620 
127,958 
1,585 

Total 

186,042 

151,697 

170,116 

178,318 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

4.  Operating segments (continued) 

Revenue by industry 

FinTech 
MarTech 
Other  

Total 

2018   
£’000 

142,857 
38,154 
5,031 

2017   
£’000 

117,449 
30,668 
3,580 

186,042 

151,697 

Revenue generated and non-current assets located in Northern Ireland, the Group’s country of domicile are 
not material and as such, have not been separately disclosed for either the current or prior year. 

Major customers 
The Group has no key customers who generated more than 10% of Group revenue in 2018 or 2017. 

5.  Revenue 

Sale of goods 
Rendering of services 

6.  Other income 

Government grants 

2018   
£’000 

48,488 
137,554 

2017   
£’000 

38,712 
112,985 

186,042 

151,697 

2018   
£’000 

1,382 

2017   
£’000 

2,148 

The  Group  is  in  receipt  of  a  government  grant  amounting  to  £3,880k,  awarded  in  June  2014.  The  first 
element  was  conditional  on  the  recruitment  of  additional  staff  for  the  period  to  31  August  2017.  The 
second is conditional on the recruitment of additional staff for the period to 31 December 2019. The grant 
is recognised as deferred income as additional staff are recruited and is being amortised as the performance 
conditions are satisfied. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

7.  Administrative expenses 

Rent, rates and insurance 
Telephone 
Accountancy, audit and legal expenses 
Advertising and marketing 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Payroll costs 
Research and development credit 
Listing expenses  
Provision for impairment of trade receivables 
Travel and subsistence 
IT expenses 
Acquisition related costs and changes to contingent deferred 
consideration 
Other 

8.  Expenses and auditors’ remuneration 

Included in profit/loss are the following: 

Provision for impairment of trade receivables 
Rents payable in respect of operating leases 
Research and development costs expensed 

Auditor’s remuneration: 
Audit of these financial statements 

Amounts receivable by auditors and their associates in respect of: 
Audit of the subsidiary undertakings included in the consolidation 

  All other services 
  Taxation compliance services 
  Other tax advisory services 
  Expenses recharged 

69 

2018   
£’000 

4,381 
795 
1,081 
2,475 
13,144 
10,075 
(821) 
265 
1,380 
604 
775 

3,570 
596 

2017   
£’000 

3,787 
727 
1,198 
1,682 
11,509 
6,541 
(345) 
263 
1,550 
477 
622 

2,953 
521 

38,320 

31,485 

2018   
£’000 

1,380 
2,556 
1,807 

76 

55 
4 
79 
90 
10 

314 

2017   
£’000 

1,550 
1,865 
1,721 

64 

56 
6 
75 
187 
8 

396 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

9.  Personnel expenses and numbers 

The average weekly number of persons (including the Directors) employed by the Group during the year is 
set out below: 

Administration  
Technical 

The aggregate payroll costs of these persons were as follows: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Other pension costs 
Share based payments (see note 33) 
Less capitalised development costs 

Disclosed as: 

Cost of sales 
Administrative expenses  

2018   
Average no. 

2017   
  Average no. 

219 
1,690 

209 
1,386 

1,909 

1,595 

2018   
£’000 

103,180 
9,784 
3,401 
1,586 
(7,486) 

2017   
£’000 

82,249 
8,685 
2,939 
1,392 
(7,085) 

110,465 

88,180 

2018 
£’000 

100,390 
10,075 

2017   
£’000 

81,639 
6,541 

110,465 

88,180 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

10.  Finance income and expense  

Interest income on bank deposits 

Finance income 

2018 
£’000 

1 

1 

2017   
£’000 

1 

1 

(Loss)/gain on foreign currency translation of monetary assets 

(1,386) 

1,475 

Interest expense on bank loans 

(1,150) 

(1,193) 

Finance expense 

(1,150) 

(1,193) 

Net finance expense recognised in profit or loss 

(2,535) 

283 

Exchange  gains  and  losses  on  net  investments  in  foreign  subsidiaries  and  related  effective  hedges  are 
recognised in the foreign currency translation reserve. 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

11.  Tax expense 

Income tax recognised in the income statement 
Current tax expense 
Current year 
Adjustment for prior years 

Deferred tax expense 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Adjustment for prior years 
Change in tax rate 

2018   
£’000 

4,450 
(275) 

2017   
£’000 

6,734 
(6) 

4,175 

6,728 

(188) 
(667) 
(1,431) 

(2,756) 
(531) 
45 

(2,286) 

(3,242) 

Total tax expense  

1,889 

3,486 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate 
Profit excluding income tax 

Income tax using the Company’s domestic tax rate (19.0849%) 
(2017: 20.0%) 
Tax exempt income 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Adjustments for prior years 
Other differences 
Foreign tax rate differences 
Impact of change in tax rates 
Unrelieved overseas taxes 

2018   
£’000 

2017   
£’000 

12,097 

12,498 

2,309 
218 
(34) 
(942) 
763 
673 
(1,431) 
333 

2,500 
- 
93 
(537) 
(314) 
1,430 
45 
269 

Total tax expense 

1,889 

3,486 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

11.  Tax expense (continued) 

Reductions in the main rate of UK corporation tax rate to 19% (effective from 1 April 2017) and to 18% 
(effective 1 April 2020) were enacted on 26 October 2015. Finance Act 2016 further reduced the 18% rate 
to 17% from 1 April 2020. 

On  22  December  2017,  the  U.S.  Tax  Cuts  and  Jobs  Act  (U.S.  Tax  Act),  was  signed  into  law.   The 
legislation  significantly  changes  U.S  tax  law  by,  among  other  things,  lowering  corporate  income  tax 
rates.  The U.S. Tax Act reduces the U.S. corporate income tax rate from a maximum of 35% to a flat 21% 
rate,  effective  from  1  January  2018.  The  impact  of  the  change  in  tax  rate  in  the  income  statement  is 
£1,431k. 

On  29  March  2017,  the  UK  Government  invoked  Article  50  of  the  Treaty  of  Lisbon,  notifying  the 
European Council of its intention to withdraw from the European Union (the ‘EU’). There is an initial two-
year timeframe for the UK and the EU to reach an agreement on the withdrawal and the future UK and EU 
relationship although this timeframe can be extended. At this stage, there is significant uncertainty about 
the withdrawal process; its timeframe; and the outcome of the negotiations about the future arrangements 
between  the  UK  and  the  EU.  As  a  result,  there  is  significant  uncertainty  as  to  the  period  for  which  the 
existing EU laws for member states will continue to apply to the UK and which laws will apply to the UK 
after an exit. Following the negotiations between the UK and the EU, the UK’s tax status may change and 
this may impact the Group. However, at this stage the level of uncertainty is such that it is impossible to 
determine if, how and when that tax status will change. 

12.  Remuneration of Directors 

The remuneration paid to the Directors was: 

Aggregate emoluments (including benefits in kind) 
Company pension contributions 
Share option expense 

2018 
£’000 

1,284 
53 
163 

2017 
£’000 

1,524 
58 
161 

1,500 

1,743 

During  the  period  there  were  2  Directors  accruing  benefits  under  a  defined  contribution pension  scheme 
(2017: 2).   

The aggregate emoluments and company pension contributions of the highest paid Director (excluding fees 
paid for provision of services) amounted to £660k and £33k respectively during the year (2017: £626k and 
£31k respectively). 

The Directors are deemed to be the key management of the Group. 

Disclosure in respect of Directors’ emoluments as required by AIM rules, Directors’ interest in shares and 
Directors’ share options are set out in the Report of the Remuneration Committee on pages 25 to 27.  

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

13.  Dividends 

The following dividends were: 

Final dividend relating to the prior year 
Interim dividend paid 

2018   
£’000 

3,499 
1,773 

2017   
£’000 

2,918 
1,482 

5,272 

4,400 

The dividends recorded in each financial year represent the final dividend of the preceding financial year 
and the interim dividend of the current financial year. 

The final dividend relating to the prior year amounted to 14.00 (previous year: 12.00) pence per share and 
the  interim  dividend  paid  during  the  year  amounted  to  7.00  (previous  year:  6.00)  pence  per  share.  The 
cumulative dividend paid during the year amounted to 21.00 (previous year: 18.00) pence per share. 

After  the  respective  reporting  dates,  the  following  dividends  were  proposed  by  the  Directors.  The 
dividends have not been provided for and there are no income tax consequences. 

17.00 pence per ordinary share (2017: 14.00 pence) 

14.  Company result 

2018   
£’000 

4,359 

2017   
£’000 

3,482 

Under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company is exempt from the requirement to present its 
own income statement. The profit after tax for the financial year of the Company as approved by the Board 
was £7,289k (2017: £3,647k). 

15.  a) Earnings per ordinary share 

Basic 
The  calculation  of  basic  earnings  per  share  at  28  February  2018  was  based  on  the  profit  attributable  to 
ordinary shareholders of £10,208k (2017: £9,012k), and a weighted average number of ordinary shares in 
issue of 25,239k (2017: 24,542k). 

Basic earnings per share 

2018   

Pence per 
share 

2017   

Pence per 
share 

40.4 

36.7 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

15.  a) Earnings per ordinary share (continued) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares 

Issued ordinary shares at 1 March 
Effect of share options exercised 
Effect of shares issued as purchase consideration 
Effect of shares issued as remuneration 

2018 
Number ’000 

2017 
  Number ’000 

24,868 
367 
3 
1 

24,009 
513 
19 
1 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares at 28 February 

25,239 

24,542 

Diluted 
The calculation of diluted earnings per share at 28 February 2018 was based on the profit attributable to 
ordinary shareholders of £10,208k (2017: £9,012k) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares after 
adjustment for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares of 27,017k (2017: 26,212k). 

Diluted earnings per share 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted) 

2018   
Pence  
per share 

2017 
Pence 
per share 

37.8 

34.4 

2018 
Number ’000 

2017 
  Number ’000 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (basic) 
Effect of dilutive share options in issue 

25,239 
1,778 

24,542 
1,670 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted) at 28 February 

27,017 

26,212 

At 28 February 2018 no options (2017: 90,000) were excluded from the diluted weighted average number 
of  ordinary  shares  calculation  as  their  effect  would  have  been  anti-dilutive  and 200,000  (2017:  250,000) 
were excluded as the related conditions had not been satisfied. The average market value of the Group’s 
shares  for  the  purposes  of  calculating  the  dilutive  effect  of  share  options  was  based  on  quoted  market 
prices for the year during which the options were outstanding. 

15.  b) Earnings before tax per ordinary share  

Earnings  before  tax  per  share  are  based  on  profit  before  taxation  of  £12,097k  (2017:  £12,498k).  The 
number of shares used in this calculation is consistent with note 15(a) above. 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

15.  b) Earnings before tax per ordinary share (continued) 

Basic earnings before tax per ordinary share 
Diluted earnings before tax per ordinary share 

2018   
Pence per 
share 

47.9 
44.8 

2017 
Pence per 
share 

50.9 
47.7 

Reconciliation from earnings per ordinary share to earnings before tax per ordinary share. 

Basic earnings per share 
Impact of taxation charge 

Basic earnings before tax per share 

Diluted earnings per share 
Impact of taxation charge  

Diluted earnings before tax per share 

2018 
Pence per 
share 

2017   
Pence per 
share 

40.4 
7.5 

47.9 

37.8 
7.0 

44.8 

36.7 
14.2 

50.9 

34.4 
13.3 

47.7 

Earnings  before  tax  per  share  has  been  presented  to  facilitate  pre-tax  comparison  returns  on  comparable 
investments. 

15.  c) Adjusted earnings after tax per ordinary share  

Adjusted  earnings  after  tax  per  share  are  based  on  an  adjusted  profit  after  taxation  of  £19,505k  (2017: 
£16,077k). The adjusted profit after tax has been calculated by adjusting for the amortisation of acquired 
intangibles  after  tax  effect  £4,266k  (2017:  £3,955k),  share  based  payment  and  related  charges  after  tax 
effect £2,430k (2017: £1,853k), acquisition costs after tax effect £2,852k (2017: £2,412k), share of loss of 
associate after tax effect £70k (2017: £24k), and for the loss on foreign currency translation after tax effect 
£1,110k  (2017:  gain  of  £1,179k)  and  the  deferred  tax  credit  following  the  U.S.  Tax  Reform  of  £1,431k. 
The number of shares used in this calculation is consistent with note 15(a) above. 

Adjusted basic earnings after tax per ordinary share 
Adjusted diluted earnings after tax per ordinary share  

76 

2018   
Pence per 
share 

77.3 
72.2 

2017 
Pence per 
share 

65.5 
61.3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

16.  Property, plant and equipment 

Group 

Cost 
At 1 March 2017 
Additions 
Acquired in business combinations 
Exchange adjustments 
At 28 February 2018 

Depreciation 
At 1 March 2017 
Charge for the year 
Exchange adjustments 
At 28 February 2018 

Cost 
At 1 March 2016 
Additions 
Exchange adjustments 
At 28 February 2017 

Depreciation 
At 1 March 2016 
Charge for the year 
Exchange adjustments 
At 28 February 2017 

Carrying amounts 
At 1 March 2016 
At 28 February 2017 
At 28 February 2018 

Leasehold 
improvements 
£’000 

Plant and 
equipment 
£’000 

Office 
furniture 
£’000 

2,893 
819 
- 
(90) 
3,622 

1,239 
516 
(59) 
1,696 

10,582 
2,426 
6 
(174) 
12,840 

5,862 
1,585 
(90) 
7,357 

676 
198 
- 
(5) 
869 

422 
145 
(3) 
564 

Leasehold 
improvements 
£’000 

Plant and 
equipment 
£’000 

Office 
furniture 
£’000 

2,757 
19 
117 
2,893 

868 
299 
72 
1,239 

1,889 
1,654 
1,926 

8,288 
1,666 
628 
10,582 

4,099 
1,418 
345 
5,862 

4,189 
4,720 
5,483 

543 
115 
18 
676 

320 
89 
13 
422 

223 
254 
305 

Total 

£’000 

14,151 
3,443 
6 
(269) 
17,331 

7,523 
2,246 
(152) 
9,617 

Total 

£’000 

11,588 
1,800 
763 
14,151 

5,287 
1,806 
430 
7,523 

6,301 
6,628 
7,714 

The basis by which depreciation is calculated is stated in note 1.  

Details of security provided for borrowing in respect of property, plant and equipment are disclosed in note 
23. 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

16.  Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

Company 

Cost 
At 1 March 2017 
Additions 
At 28 February 2018 

Depreciation 
At 1 March 2017 
Charge for the year 
At 28 February 2018 

Cost 
At 1 March 2016 
Additions 
At 28 February 2017 

Depreciation 
At 1 March 2016 
Charge for the year 
At 28 February 2017 

Carrying amounts 
At 1 March 2016 
At 28 February 2017 
At 28 February 2018 

Land and 
buildings  
£’000 

Plant and 
equipment 
£’000 

Office 
furniture 
£’000 

1,984 
478 
2,462 

652 
306 
958 

3,119 
799 
3,918 

1,480 
489 
1,969 

419 
198 
617 

195 
111 
306 

Land and 
buildings 
£’000 

Plant and 
equipment 
£’000 

Office 
furniture 
£’000 

1,984 
- 
1,984 

484 
168 
652 

1,500 
1,332 
1,504 

2,239 
880 
3,119 

1,038 
442 
1,480 

1,201 
1,639 
1,949 

304 
115 
419 

139 
56 
195 

165 
224 
311 

Total 

£’000 

5,522 
1,475 
6,997 

2,327 
906 
3,233 

Total 

£’000 

4,527 
995 
5,522 

1,661 
666 
2,327 

2,866 
3,195 
3,764 

The basis by which depreciation is calculated is stated in note 1. 

No assets are held under finance leases. 

Details of security in respect of property, plant and equipment are disclosed in note 23. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

17.  Intangible assets and goodwill 

Group 

Cost 
Balance at 1 March 2017 
Development costs  
Additions 
Acquired in business combinations 
Exchange adjustments 
At 28 February 2018 
Amortisation 
Balance at 1 March 2017 
Amortisation for the year 
Exchange adjustment 
At 28 February 2018 

Cost 
Balance at 1 March 2016 
Development costs  
Additions 
Exchange adjustments 
At 28 February 2017 
Amortisation 
Balance at 1 March 2016 
Amortisation for the year 
Exchange adjustment 
At 28 February 2017 

Carrying amounts 
At 1 March 2016 
At 28 February 2017 
At 28 February 2018 

Goodwill 

Customer 
lists 

Acquired 
software 

Brand 
name 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

113,436 
- 
- 
480 
(10,013) 
103,903 

- 
- 
- 
- 

13,613 
- 
- 
44 
(1,118) 
12,539 

6,008 
1,344 
(569) 
6,783 

28,567 
- 
760 
182 
(2,134) 
27,375 

13,829 
3,269 
(912) 
16,186 

777 
- 
- 
8 
(47) 
738 

463 
71 
(29) 
505 

Goodwill 

Customer 
lists 

Acquired 
Software 

Brand 
name 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

102,603 
- 
- 
10,833 
113,436 

- 
- 
- 
- 

12,364 
- 
- 
1,249 
13,613 

4,051 
1,475 
482 
6,008 

24,878 
- 
863 
2,826 
28,567 

9,435 
3,203 
1,191 
13,829 

708 
- 
- 
69 
777 

345 
81 
37 
463 

Internally 
developed 
software 
 £’000 

43,578 
7,486 
- 
- 
229 
51,293 

16,280 
6,214 
136 
22,630 

Internally 
developed 
software 
 £’000 

35,665 
7,085 
- 
828 
43,578 

11,049 
4,944 
287 
16,280 

Total 

£’000 

199,971 
7,486 
760 
714 
(13,083) 
195,848 

36,580 
10,898 
(1,374) 
46,104 

Total 

£’000 

176,218 
7,085 
863 
15,805 
199,971 

24,880 
9,703 
1,997 
36,580 

102,603 
113,436 
103,903 

8,313 
7,605 
5,756 

15,443 
14,738 
11,189 

363 
314 
233 

24,616 
27,298 
28,663 

151,338 
163,391 
149,744 

Leased intangible assets 
No assets are held under finance leases. 

The basis by which amortisation is calculated is stated in note 1. Amortisation is recognised through profit 
or loss in administration expenses. 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

17.  Intangible assets and goodwill (continued) 

Included  within  development  costs  capitalised  in  the  year  is  £7,486k  (2017:  £7,085k)  of  capitalised 
employee  costs  for  the  year.  Developed  software  includes  £4,917k  (2017:  £4,008k)  of  software  under 
development at 28 February 2018 not yet commissioned. 

Impairment testing of goodwill 
The Group tests goodwill for impairment at each reporting date, or more frequently if there are indications 
that  goodwill  might  be  impaired.  For  the  purposes  of  impairment  testing,  goodwill  is  allocated  to 
companies which represent the lowest level within the Group at which goodwill is monitored. A summary 
of the significant CGUs is presented as follows: 

Subsidiaries 
Market Resource Partners LLC 
Prelytix LLC 
Kx Systems Inc. 

Multiple units without significant goodwill 

2018 
£’000 

10,899 
5,575 
71,194 
87,668 
16,235 
103,903 

2017 
£’000 

12,181 
6,234 
78,821 
97,236 
16,200 
113,436 

The recoverable amount of each CGU has been determined based on a value-in-use calculation using cash 
flows derived from financial projections covering a five year period, with cash flows thereafter calculated 
using a terminal value methodology. A growth rate of 7%-10% (2017: 7%-10%) is applied for years 2 to 5, 
followed  by  a  growth  rate  of  2%  (2017:  2%)  thereafter.  The  pre-tax  discount  rates  applied  to  cash  flow 
projections of the CGUs was 12%-20% (2017: 12%-17%). 

The  key  assumptions  used  in  the  estimation  of  the  recoverable  amount  for  significant  CGU’s  are 
summarised as follows: 

Market 
Resource 
Partners 
LLC 
15% 
2% 
8% 

2018 
Prelytix 
LLC 

17% 
2% 
7% 

Kx 
Systems 
Inc 

15% 
2% 
9% 

Market 
Resource 
Partners 
LLC 
15% 
2% 
8% 

2017 
Prelytix 
LLC 

17% 
2% 
7% 

Kx 
Systems 
Inc 

15% 
2% 
9% 

Discount rate 
Terminal value growth rate 
Early growth rate 

Projected cash flows are most sensitive to assumptions regarding future profitability and working capital 
investment. The values applied to these key assumptions are derived from a combination of external and 
internal factors, based on past experience together with management’s future expectations about business 
performance. 

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

17.  Intangible assets and goodwill (continued) 

Impairment testing of goodwill (continued) 
Discount  rates  reflect  the  current  market  assessment  of  the  risk  specific  to  each  CGU.  The  discount  rate 
was estimated based on past experience and industry average weighted average cost of capital adjusted to 
reflect  the  current  market  assessment  of  risks  specific  to  each  CGU  for  which  the  cash  flow  projections 
have not been adjusted.  

The  value  in  use  and  excess  value  in  use  over  the  carrying  amount  inclusive  of  significant  acquired 
intangible assets of the above CGUs are as follows: 

Subsidiaries 
Market Resource Partners LLC 
Prelytix LLC 
Kx Systems Inc. 

Value in use 
2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

26,479 
33,186 
103,607 

22,639 
13,738 
108,840 

Excess over carrying 
amount 

2018 
£’000 

14,094 
24,280 
19,960 

2017 
£’000 

10,458 
6,617 
14,309 

Sensitivity analysis 
There  was  no  impairment  charge  for  the  year  ended  28  February  2018  (2017:  nil).  For  the  purposes  of 
performing  sensitivity  analysis,  a  change  in  the  assumption  to  increase  the  discount  rate  by  1%  or, 
separately,  to  reduce  the  terminal  growth  by  2%  would  not  result  in  any  indication  of  impairment. 
Applying these assumptions did not indicate any impairment. 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

17.  Intangible assets and goodwill (continued) 

Company 

Cost 
Balance at 1 March 2017 
Development cost  
Balance at 28 February 2018 
Amortisation and impairment losses 
Balance at 1 March 2017 
Amortisation for the year 
Balance at 28 February 2018 

Cost 
Balance at 1 March 2016 
Development cost  
Transfers to subsidiaries 
Balance at 28 February 2017 
Amortisation and impairment losses 
Balance at 1 March 2016 
Amortisation for the year 
Balance at 28 February 2017 

Carrying amounts 
At 1 March 2016 
At 28 February 2017 
At 28 February 2018 

Acquired 
software 

£’000 

Internally 
developed 
software 
£’000 

Total 

£’000 

30,606 
5,914 
36,520 

11,563 
4,328 
15,891 

26,616 
5,128 
(1,138) 
30,606 

8,062 
3,501 
11,563 

30,124 
5,914 
36,038 

11,473 
4,267 
15,740 

26,134 
5,128 
(1,138) 
30,124 

8,032 
3,441 
11,473 

18,102 
18,651 
20,298 

18,554 
19,043 
20,629 

482 
- 
482 

90 
61 
151 

482 
- 
- 
482 

30 
60 
90 

452 
392 
331 

Included  within  development  costs  capitalised  in  the  year  is  £5,914k  (2017:  £5,128k)  of  capitalised 
employee costs. Developed software includes £2,774k (2017: £2,801k) of software under development at 
28 February 2018 not yet commissioned. 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

18.  Investment in subsidiaries and associate 

The subsidiaries of the Group and Company are detailed as follows: 

Activate Clients Limited* 
Affinity Systems Limited+ 
Cowrie Financial Limited* 
First Derivatives (Exchange) Limited* 
First Derivatives (Hong Kong) Limited* 
First Derivatives (Ireland) Limited* 
First Derivatives Canada Inc.* 
First Derivatives Holdings Inc.* 
First Derivatives Holdings Pty Limited* 
First Derivatives I Limited 
First Derivatives Investments LLP 
First Derivatives Japan Co. Limited 
First Derivatives Mexico Limited 
First Derivatives No. 1 Inc. 
First Derivatives Pte Limited* 
First Derivatives Pty Limited 
First Derivatives Services Limited 
First Derivatives South Africa (Pty) Limited* 
First Derivatives US Inc 
Kx Systems Inc.* 
Market Resource Partners Limited* 
Market Resource Partners LLC* 
Prelytix LLC 
QuantumKDB Inc 
QuantumKDB Limited 
QuantumKDB Limited* 
Redshift Horizons Limited* 
Reference Data Factory LLC 
Telconomics09 S.L 

Address of  
registered office 
Ireland 
Canada 
United Kingdom 
Ireland 
Hong Kong 
Ireland 
Canada 
United States 
Australia 
United Kingdom 
United Kingdom 
Japan 
Mexico 
United States 
Singapore 
Australia 
United Kingdom 
South Africa 
United States 
United States 
N. Ireland 
United States 
United States 
United States 
Hong Kong 
United Kingdom 
United Kingdom 
United States 
Spain 

Class of 
share held 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 

Ownership 

2018 

2017 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
65.2% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
65.2% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
- 

*Owned directly by First Derivatives plc. 
+This company has been amalgamated with First Derivatives Canada Inc.  

Unlisted investments in subsidiaries at cost 
At 1 March  
Additions 

Company 

2018 
£’000 

83,023 
12,306 

2017 
£’000 

83,023 
- 

At end of period  

95,329 

83,023 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

18.  Investment in subsidiaries and associate (continued) 

During the year the Company increased its investment in First Derivatives Canada Inc., First Derivatives 
Pty Limited and Market Resource Partners LLC by £2,490k, £3,576k and £4,563k respectively following 
receipt  of  additional  ordinary  share  in  exchange  for  settlement  of  a  receivable  from  the  subsidiaries  of 
£2,490k, £3,576k and £4,563k respectively.  

Associate 

Group 

Investment in associate 

2018 
£’000 
2,631 

2017 
£’000 
1,548 

At 28 February 2018, the Group had the following investment in an associate: 

RxDataScience Inc. 

Country of 
incorporation 
United States 

Class of share held 

Ordinary 

Ownership  
at 28 February 2018 
36.66% 

During the year the Group increased its interest in RxData Science Inc. (RxD) to 31.00% on 20 April 2017, 
35.00% on 12 October 2017 and then to 36.66% on 19 January 2018. RxD is not publicly listed. 

The Group’s share of loss in associates for the period to 28 February 2018 was £70k (2017: £24k). 

The  following  tables  summarise  the  financial  information  of  RxD  as  included  in  its  own  financial 
statements, adjusted for fair value adjustments at acquisition and differences in accounting policies.  

Percentage ownership interest 

Non-current assets 
Current assets 
Non-current liabilities  
Current liabilities  

2018 
36.66% 
£’000 

1,768 
801 
- 
(10) 

2017 
26.49% 
£’000 

458 
1,325 
- 
(4) 

Net assets (100%) 

2,559 

1,779 

Group’s share of net assets (36.66%) (2017: 26.49%) 

938 

471 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

18.  Investment in subsidiaries and associate (continued) 

Associate (continued) 

Group (continued) 

Revenue 

Loss from continuing operations (100%) 
Other comprehensive income (100%) 

Total comprehensive income (100%) 

Total comprehensive income (36.66%) (2017: 26.49%) 

2018 
£’000 

197 

(221) 
- 

(221) 

(70) 

2017 
£’000 

- 

(91) 
- 

(91) 

(24) 

At the year end the Group holds 56,142 (2017: 32,594) warrants which are exercisable on the occurrence 
of an exit event at an exercise price of $0.01 per warrant. 

19.  Other financial assets – Available for sale 

Group  

Unlisted equity investments 
At 1 March 
Acquisitions 

At end of period 

Company 

Unlisted equity investments 
At 1 March 
Acquisitions 

2018 
£’000 

3,121 
312 

2017 
£’000 

- 
3,121 

3,433 

3,121 

2018 
£’000 

3,121 
187 

2017 
£’000 

- 
3,121 

At end of period 

3,308 

3,121 

Information  about  the  Group  and  Company’s  exposure  to  market  risk  and  fair  value  measurement  is 
disclosed in note 32b. 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

20.  Trade and other receivables 

Current assets 

Trade receivables 
Receivables from 
subsidiaries 
Other receivables  
Accrued income 
Prepayments 
Grant income receivable 
Corporation tax receivable 

Group 

2018   
£’000 

2017   
£’000 

37,929 

36,721 

- 
3,301 
6,187 
4,419 
1,010 
872 

- 
- 
2,262 
3,011 
1,744 
- 

Company 

2018   
£’000 

22,835 

11,245 
2,744 
2,133 
4,239 
51 
872 

2017   
£’000 

21,523 

22,578 
- 
218 
3,082 
965 
- 

53,718 

43,738 

44,119 

48,366 

Non-current assets 

Receivables from 
subsidiaries1 
Trade and other receivables 
Grant income receivable 

2018   
£’000 

- 
6,279 
315 

2017   
£’000 

- 
2,830 
800 

2018   
£’000 

8,920 
4,659 
- 

2017   
£’000 

3,227 
2,470 
- 

6,594 

3,630 

13,579 

5,697 

1 The repayment terms of the receivable from certain subsidiaries has been agreed as falling due after more 
than one year.   

At  28  February  2018  Group  and  Company  trade  receivables  are  shown  net  of  an  allowance  for  doubtful 
debts  of  £2,982k  and  £1,916k  respectively  (2017:  Group  £3,061k;  Company  £1,045k)  arising  from  on-
going  invoice  disputes  and  the  risk  of  companies  defaulting.  The  impairment  charge  in  the  year  was 
£1,380k (2017: £1,550k) for Group and £1,412k (2017: charge £780k) for the Company.  

The Group’s and Company’s exposure to credit and currency risks and impairment losses related to trade 
and other receivables is disclosed in note 32. 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

21.  Cash and cash equivalents 

Group 

2018   
£’000 

2017   
£’000 

Bank balances 

12,365 

16,250 

See note 32 for discussion of interest rate risk and sensitivity analysis. 

22.  Share capital 

In issue at 1 March 
Exercise of share options (Note 33) 
Issued in business combinations (Note 3) 
Issued for settlement of contingent deferred consideration 
Issued as remuneration 

Company 

2018   
£’000 

4,013 

2017   
£’000 

9,499 

Ordinary shares 
2018 
Number 

2017 
Number 

24,868,379 
759,297 
12,199 
- 
1,140 

24,008,972 
799,818 
- 
56,383 
3,206 

In issue at year end – fully paid 

25,641,015 

24,868,379 

2018 
Number 

2018 
£’000 

2017 
Number 

2017 
£’000 

Equity shares 
Issued, allotted and fully 
paid 
Ordinary shares of £0.005 
each 

25,641,015 

128 

24,868,379 

124 

The  holders  of  ordinary  shares  are  entitled  to  receive  dividends  as  declared  from  time  to  time  and  are 
entitled to one vote per share at meetings of the Company. 

Shares  increased  in  the  year  due  to  the  exercise  of  759,297  share  options  (2017:  799,818)  for  cash 
consideration of £7,119k (2017: £4,317k) together with an associated transfer from the share option reserve 
of £1,427k (2017: £877k), the issue of 12,199 shares (2017: nil) at £441k as purchase consideration and the 
issue  of  1,140  shares  (2017:  3,206)  as  remuneration  of  £28k  (2017:  £57k).  Additionally  in  a  prior  year 
56,383 ordinary shares were issued as settlement of contingent deferred purchase consideration at £1,125k. 

Nature and purpose of reserves 

Share option reserve- The share option reserve comprises the charge for unexercised share options granted 
to  employees  and  includes  share  options  granted  in  consideration  for  the  acquisition  of  business 
combinations  net  of  deferred  tax  assets  relating  to  the  tax  deduction  receivable  when  the  options  are 
exercised. 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

22.  Share capital (continued) 

Fair value reserve- The fair value reserve of the Company relates to the revaluation reserve which arose on 
revaluation of an available for sale investment at fair value relating to Kx Systems Inc. prior to significant 
influence being obtained. The balance is continued to be retained as the Company continues to retain this 
original investment. 

Currency  translation  adjustment  reserve-  The  currency  translation  adjustment  reserve  comprises  all 
foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations 
and  intercompany  loans  that  are  determined  to  form  part  of  the  net  investment,  as  well  as  from  the 
translation of liabilities that hedge the Group’s net investment in a foreign subsidiary. 

23.  Loans and borrowings 

This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Group and Company’s interest-bearing 
loans and borrowings, which are measured at amortised cost. For more information about the Group and 
Company’s  exposure  to  interest  rate,  foreign  currency  and  liquidity  risk  arising  from  these  loans  and 
borrowings see note 32. 

Current liabilities 
Secured bank loans 
Finance lease liabilities 

Group 

Company 

2018   
£’000 

3,339 
7 

2017   
£’000 

3,339 
65 

2018   
£’000 

3,339 
- 

2017   
£’000 

3,339 
- 

3,346 

3,404 

3,339 

3,339 

Non-current liabilities 
Secured bank loans 
Finance lease liabilities 

25,205 
- 

26,353 
4 

25,205 
- 

26,353 
- 

25,205 

26,357 

25,205 

26,353 

Terms and repayment schedule 

The Group had the following loan facilities with Bank of Ireland at the end of the year: 

£339k loan (Facility 1) 
£29,625k multi-currency loan (Facility 2) 
£15,000k revolving cash facility (Facility 3) 
£4,500k sterling overdraft (Bank Overdraft) 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

23.  Loans and borrowings (continued) 

Terms and repayment schedule (continued) 
The terms and conditions of outstanding loans were as follows: 

Currency  Nominal 
interest 
rate 

2018 

2017 

Year of 
maturity 

Face 
value 

Carrying 
amount 

Face 
value 

Carrying 
amount 

Facility 1 

Facility 2 

Facility 3 

GBP 

Multi 

GBP 

Bank overdraft 

GBP 

USD 

Finance lease 
liabilities 

Total interest-
bearing  

2.25% 
+LIBOR 
2.25% 
+LIBOR* 
2.25% 
+LIBOR* 
2.25% 
+LIBOR 
4.375% 

2019 

2020 

2019 

2019 

2018 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

339 

339 

339 

339 

22,905 

22,905 

29,353 

29,353 

5,300 

5,300 

- 

7 

- 

7 

- 

- 

69 

- 

- 

69 

28,551 

28,551 

29,761 

29,761 

* The nominal interest rate varies as the Group meets financial targets and these have been assessed as being closely linked to the 
underlying contract with a minimum rate available of 2.25%+LIBOR. 

The facilities are secured by a fixed charge over the Group’s property with a carrying amount of £1,926k 
(2017: £1,654k) and a debenture over the trading assets in Group companies. All outstanding loans have 
interest charged at 2.25% (2017: 2.25%) above LIBOR. 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

23.  Loans and borrowings (continued) 

Finance lease liabilities 
Finance lease liabilities are payable as follows: 

Group 

2018 

2017 

Minimum 
lease 
payments  
£’000 

Interest   Principal   Minimum 
lease 
payments  
£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Interest   Principal  

£’000 

£’000 

Less than one year 
Between one and five years 

8 
- 

8 

1 
- 

1 

7 
- 

7 

80 
5 

85 

15 
1 

16 

65 
4 

69 

The finance leases are secured over the leased equipment. 

Reconciliation of movements of liabilities to cash flows arising from financing activities 

Group 

Secured bank loans 
Lease liabilities 

2017 

Cash flows 

£’000 

29,692 
69 

£’000 

1,550 
(62) 

Non-cash 
Foreign 
exchange 
movment 
£’000 

(2,698) 
- 

2018 

£’000 

28,544 
7 

Total liabilities from financing activities 

29,761 

1,488 

(2,698) 

28,551 

Company 

2017 

Cash flows 

£’000 

£’000 

Non-cash  
Foreign 
exchange 
movment 
£’000 

2018 

£’000 

Secured bank loans 

29,692 

1,550 

(2,698) 

28,544 

Total liabilities from financing activities 

29,692 

1,550 

(2,698) 

28,544 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

24.  Trade and other payables 

Current liabilities 

Group 

Company 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Accruals 
Deferred income 
Government grants 
Payables to subsidiaries 

2018   
£’000 

6,444 
10,445 
1,967 
14,928 
286 
- 

2017   
£’000 

4,218 
9,494 
1,619 
16,500 
1,850 
- 

2018   
£’000 

4,611 
8,248 
1,775 
4,450 
147 
17,786 

2017   
£’000 

4,349 
5,657 
1,267 
3,990 
1,531 
18,270 

34,070 

33,681 

37,017 

35,064 

Non-current liabilities 

Group 

Company 

NCI put 
Government grants 

2018   
£’000 

30,036 
2,091 

2017   
£’000 

33,593 
1,521 

2018   
£’000 

- 
1,071 

32,127 

35,114 

1,071 

2017   
£’000 

- 
256 

256 

The NCI put is the exercise price of the put (denominated in US dollars) for the remaining NCI of 34.8% 
of Kx Systems Inc. under which the holders can require the Company to purchase the remaining interest at 
a fixed price up to 31 October 2021 for cash. The put is exercisable with a notice period of 366 days. 

The Group and Company’s exposure to currency and liquidity risk related to trade and other payables is 
disclosed in note 32. 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

25.  Deferred taxation 

Group 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following: 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Property, plant and 
equipment 
Share based payments 
Trading losses 
Intangible assets 
Short term timing 
differences 
Other 

Tax assets/(liabilities) 
before set-off 
Set off of tax 

2018 
£’000 

- 
7,269 
9,022 
341 

1,461 
260 

2017 
£’000 

- 
4,204 
6,177 
368 

3,906 
204 

18,353 
- 

14,859 
- 

2018 
£’000 

(4,545) 
- 
- 
(5,266) 

- 
- 

(9,811) 
- 

2017 
£’000 

(4,234) 
- 
- 
(8,698) 

- 
- 

(12,932) 
- 

Net tax assets/(liabilities) 

18,353 

14,859 

(9,811) 

(12,932) 

Movement in deferred tax balances differences during the year: 

Balance at 
1 March 
2017 
£’000 

Recognised 
in income 

Recognised 
in equity 

£’000 

£’000 

Recognised 
on 
Acquisition 
£’000 

Share 
options 
exercised 
£’000 

Balance at 
28 February 
2018 
£’000 

Property, plant and 
equipment 
Share based 
payments 
Trading losses 
Intangible assets 
Short term timing 
differences 
Other 

(4,234) 

4,204 
6,177 
(8,330) 

3,906 
204 

(324) 

(23) 
1,204 
1,678 

(722) 
473 

13 

4,913 
1,345 
1,785 

(1,723) 
(417) 

- 

- 
296 
(58) 

- 
- 

- 

(4,545) 

(1,825) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

7,269 
9,022 
(4,925) 

1,461 
260 

1,927 

2,286 

5,916 

238 

(1,825) 

8,542 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

25.  Deferred taxation (continued) 

Group (continued) 

Property, plant and 
equipment 
Share based 
payments 
Trading losses 
Intangible assets 
Short term timing 
differences 
Other 

Balance at 
1 March 
2016 
£’000 

Recognised 
in income 

Recognised 
in equity 

£’000 

£’000 

Recognised 
on 
Acquisition 
£’000 

Share 
options 
exercised 
£’000 

Balance at 
28 February 
2017 
£’000 

(3,822) 

(283) 

2,909 
4,556 
(8,274) 

1,308 
64 

(18) 
284 
741 

2,344 
174 

(129) 

2,785 
1,337 
(797) 

254 
(34) 

(3,259) 

3,242 

3,416 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(4,234) 

(1,472) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

4,204 
6,177 
(8,330) 

3,906 
204 

(1,472) 

1,927 

The  basis  by  which  taxation  is  calculated  is  stated  in  note  1.  There  is  no  unprovided  or  unrecognised 
deferred tax balances. 

As at 28 February 2018, the Group had tax losses carried forward in the United States (Federal and State), 
in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada and Australia.  U.S. Federal and State tax losses will expire, if not 
utilised, in the tax years 2030 – 2038.  Tax losses generated in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada and 
Australia have no expiration period. 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

25.  Deferred taxation (continued) 

Company 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following: 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Property, plant and 
equipment 
Share based payments 
Net fair value movement 
on available for sale assets 
Trading losses 
Other 

Tax assets/(liabilities) 
before set off 
Set off of tax 

2018 
£’000 

- 
6,888 

- 
5,072 
308 

12,268 
- 

2017 
£’000 

- 
3,649 

- 
4,268 
124 

8,041 
- 

2018 
£’000 

(3,326) 
- 

(32) 
- 
- 

(3,358) 
- 

2017 
£’000 

(3,126) 
- 

(32) 
- 
- 

(3,158) 
- 

Net tax assets/(liabilities) 

12,268 

8,041 

(3,358) 

(3,158) 

Movement in deferred tax balances during the year: 

Property, plant and equipment 
Share based payments 
Net fair value movement on 
available for sale assets 
Trading losses 
Other 

Balance at 
1 March 
2017 
£’000 

Recognised 
in profit 
and loss 
£’000 

(3,126) 
3,649 

(32) 
4,268 
124 

(200) 
(23) 

- 
- 
184 

Recognised 
in equity 

£’000 

- 
5,087 

- 
804 
- 

Share 
options 
exercised 
£’000 

Balance at  
28 February 
2018 
£’000 

- 
(1,825) 

(3,326) 
6,888 

- 
- 
- 

(32) 
5,072 
308 

4,883 

(39) 

5,891 

(1,825) 

8,910 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

25.  Deferred taxation (continued) 

Company (continued) 

Property, plant and equipment 
Share based payments 
Net fair value movement on 
available for sale assets 
Trading losses 
Other 

Balance at 
1 March 
2016 
£’000 

Recognised 
in profit 
and loss 
£’000 

(3,307) 
2,909 

(34) 
3,089 
36 

181 
(61) 

- 
15 
93 

Recognised 
in equity 

£’000 

- 
2,273 

2 
1,164 
(5) 

Share 
options 
exercised 
£’000 

Balance at 
28 February 
2017 
£’000 

- 
(1,472) 

- 
- 
- 

(3,126) 
3,649 

(32) 
4,268 
124 

2,693 

228 

3,434 

(1,472) 

4,883 

The  basis  by  which  taxation  is  calculated  is  stated  in  note  1.  There  is  no  unprovided  or  unrecognised 
deferred tax balances. 

26.  Current tax payable 

Group 

Company 

Current tax payable 

27.  Employee benefits 

Accrued holiday pay 
Employee taxes 

2018 
£’000 

1,195 

2018 
£’000 

1,832 
3,179 

2017   
£’000 

426 

2017   
£’000 

1,554 
3,938 

2018   
£’000 

- 

2018   
£’000 

1,448 
2,851 

2017   
£’000 

53 

2017   
£’000 

1,208 
3,714 

5,011 

5,492 

4,299 

4,922 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

28.  Contingent deferred consideration 

Contingent deferred consideration liabilities are payable as follows: 

At 1 March 
Increase in contingent 
deferred consideration 
Settled in year 
Foreign exchange impact 

Group 

Company 

2018 
£’000 

4,028 

2,980 
(897) 
(423) 

2017 
£’000 

3,895 

2,125 
(2,400) 
408 

2018 
£’000 

500 

1,038 
(500) 
- 

2017 
£’000 

1,951 

- 
(1,451) 
- 

At end of period 

5,688 

4,028 

1,038 

500 

The  movement  in  contingent  deferred  consideration  relates  to  the  charge  for  the  year  for  amounts 
conditional on future service conditions, assessed as being post-acquisition remuneration, and is payable in 
cash and shares. As at 28 February 2018 the maximum total amount payable under the terms of the sale 
and purchase agreements is £5,688k (2017: £4,028k) and the minimum total amount payable is £nil (2017: 
£nil).  

Within one year 
More than one year 

Group 

Company 

2018 
£’000 

5,688 
- 

2017 
£’000 

859 
3,169 

2018 
£’000 

1,038  
- 

5,688 

4,028 

1,038 

2017 
£’000 

500 
- 

500 

The amount of contingent deferred consideration was variable dependent on the future performance of the 
relevant  subsidiary  meeting  specified  turnover  targets  which  are  expected  to  be  fully  achieved  and  is 
payable in cash 55% (2017: 49%) and shares 45% (2017: 51%). 

96 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

29.  Commitments 

In the prior year the Group entered into a contingent loan commitment with an associate of up to £1.1m 
and  a  contingent  obligation  to  acquire  further  shares  for  up  to  £1.2m  –  the  commitment  to  acquire  the 
further shares was completed during the year. There were no capital or other commitments at the current or 
prior year end. 

Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are payable as follows: 

Less than one year 
Between one and five 
years 
More than five years 

Group 

Company 

2018 
£’000 

3,063 

10,072 
11,864 

2017 
£’000 

1,632 

4,721 
2,405 

2018 
£’000 

1,183 

4,446 
6,456 

2017 
£’000 

609 

2,348 
2,006 

24,999 

8,758 

12,085 

4,963 

The Group leases 20 premises under operating lease arrangements. 

Group 
During  the  year  £2,556k  was  recognised  as  an  expense  in  the  income  statement  in  respect  of  operating 
leases (2017: £1,865k). 

Company 
During the year £944k was recognised as an expense in the income statement in respect of operating leases 
(2017: £609k). 

30.  Pension contributions 

The Group makes contributions to the personal pension schemes of certain employees. The pension charge 
for the year amounted to £3,401k (2017: £2,939k). Contributions amounting to £411k (2017: £428k) were 
payable to the schemes at the year end and are included in creditors. 

31.  Related parties transactions 

Parent and ultimate controlling party 
There is no one party who is the ultimate controlling party of the Group and Company. 

Group 
Key management personnel compensation 
Key management personnel have been deemed to be the Directors of the Company. The remuneration of 
the Directors is set out in note 12.  

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

31.  Related parties transactions (continued) 

Group (continued) 
Key management personnel compensation (continued) 
The Group is charged rent monthly for the business use of apartments located in London owned by Brian 
Conlon.  The  charge  incurred  during  the  financial  year  amounted  to  £55k  (2017:  £55k).  Rent  deposits  of 
£26k  (2017: £26k)  have  been  paid  to Brian  Conlon  in  respect  of  these  apartments.  The  balance  owed  to 
Brian Conlon at 28 February 2018 is £nil (2017: £nil). 

A 15 year lease was entered into for the rental of office space for the head office in Newry. The lessor is 
Oncon Properties, a partnership in which Brian Conlon is a partner. £140k (2017: £140k) rental charge was 
incurred in the year. The balance owed to Oncon Properties at 28 February 2018 is £nil (2017: £nil) and an 
amount of £168k (2017: £207k) had been prepaid.  

The Group holds an interest in an associate, together with other instruments as disclosed in note 18. 

Company 
Other related party transactions 

Revenue 

 Administrative expenses incurred 
from 

2018 
£’000 

8,488 

2017 
£’000 

12,408 

2018 
£’000 

22,976 

2017 
£’000 

17,862 

Receivables outstanding 

Payables outstanding 

2018 
£’000 

20,165 

2017 
£’000 

25,805 

2018 
£’000 

17,786 

2017 
£’000 

18,270 

Subsidiaries  

Subsidiaries 

Development costs of £281k (2017: £218k) were recharged from a subsidiary to the Company.  

Interest is charged on inter-company loans at market rates. 

Dividends paid by the Company to the Directors during the period were as follows: 

B G Conlon 
R G Ferguson 
K MacDonald 
S Keating 
V Gambale 

2018 
£’000 

1,649 
24 
10 
5 
2 

2017 
£’000 

1,414 
28 
9 
5 
1 

1,690 

1,457 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments 

Fair values 

a)  Accounting classifications and fair values 

Group 
The  following  table  shows  the  carrying  amounts  and  fair  values  of  financial  assets  and  liabilities.  The 
carrying  amount  of  all  financial  assets  and  liabilities  not  measured  at  fair  value  is  considered  to  be  a 
reasonable approximation of fair value.   

28 February 2018 

Loans and 
receivables  

Carrying value 
Liabilities at 
amortised 
cost 
£’000 

Carrying 
amount  

£’000 

3,433 
- 
3,433 

55,893 
12,365 
68,258 

(5,688) 
- 
(5,688) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

(28,544) 
(7) 
(48,892) 
(5,011) 
(82,454) 

(28,544) 
(7) 
(48,892) 
(5,011) 
(82,454) 

Fair 
value 

£’000 

3 

1 

1 

1 

(5,688) 
1 

1 

1 

(48,892) 
1 

Financial assets measured at fair value 
Equity securities - Available for sale3 
Warrants in associate4 

Financial assets not measured at fair value 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities measured at fair value 
Contingent deferred consideration2 
Other derivatives4 

Financial liabilities not measured at fair value 
Secured bank loans 
Finance leases 
Trade, accruals and other payables 
Employee benefits 

£’000 

- 
- 
- 

55,893 
12,365 
68,258 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Fair values (continued) 

a)  Accounting classifications and fair values (continued) 

Group (continued) 

28 February 2017 

Financial assets measured at fair value 
Equity securities - Available for sale3 
Warrants in associate4 

Financial assets not measured at fair value 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities measured at fair value 
Contingent deferred consideration2 
Other derivatives4 

Financial liabilities not measured at fair value 
Secured bank loans 
Finance leases 
Trade, accruals and other payables 
Employee benefits 

£’000 

- 
- 
- 

44,357 
16,250 
60,607 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Loans and 
receivables  

Carrying value 
Liabilities at 
amortised 
cost 
£’000 

Carrying 
amount  

£’000 

3,121 
- 
3,121 

44,357 
16,250 
60,607 

(4,028) 
- 
(4,028) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

(29,692) 
(69) 
(48,924) 
(5,492) 
(84,177) 

(29,692) 
(69) 
(48,924) 
(5,492) 
(84,177) 

Fair 
value 

£’000 

3 

1 

1 
1 

(4,028) 
1 

1 
1 
(48,924) 
1 

1 Fair value not disclosed as the carrying amounts are considered to be a reasonable approximation of fair value 
2 Contingent deferred consideration is a level 3 fair value 
3 Equity securities available for sale are a level 3 fair value 
4 Derivatives assessed as having minimal value 

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Fair values (continued) 

a)  Accounting classifications and fair values (continued) 

Company 
The  following  table  shows  the  carrying  amounts  and  fair  values  of  financial  assets  and  liabilities.  The 
carrying  amount  of  all  financial  assets  and  liabilities  not  measured  at  fair  value  is  considered  to  be  a 
reasonable approximation of fair value.   

28 February 2018 

Loans and 
receivables  

Carrying value 
Liabilities at 
amortised 
cost 
£’000 

Carrying 
amount  

£’000 

3,308 

53,459 
4,013 
57,472 

- 
(1,038) 
(1,038) 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

(28,544) 
(32,420) 
(4,299) 
(65,263) 

(28,544) 
(32,420) 
(4,299) 
(65,263) 

Fair 
value  

£’000 

1 

1 
1 

- 
(1,038) 

1 
(32,420) 
1 

Financial assets measured at fair value 
Equity securities available for sale3 

Financial assets not measured at fair value 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities measured at fair value 
Derivatives2 
Contingent deferred consideration 

Financial liabilities not measured at fair value 
Secured bank loans 
Trade, accruals and other payables 
Employee benefits 

£’000 

- 

53,459 
4,013 
57,472 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Fair values (continued) 

a)  Accounting classifications and fair values (continued) 

Company (continued) 

28 February 2017 

Financial assets measured at fair value 
Equity securities available for sale3 

Financial assets not measured at fair value 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities measured at fair value 
Derivatives2 
Contingent deferred consideration 

Financial liabilities not measured at fair value 
Secured bank loans 
Trade, accruals and other payables 
Employee benefits 

£’000 

- 

50,981 
9,499 
60,480 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Loans and 
receivables  

Carrying value 
Liabilities at 
amortised 
cost 
£’000 

Carrying 
amount  

£’000 

3,121 

50,981 
9,499 
60,480 

- 
(500) 
(500) 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
(500) 
(500) 

(29,692) 
(29,543) 
(4,922) 
(64,157) 

(29,692) 
(29,543) 
(4,922) 
(64,157) 

Fair 
value  

£’000 

1 

1 
1 

- 
(500) 

1 
(29,543) 
1 

1 Fair value not disclosed as the carrying amounts are considered to be a reasonable approximation of fair value 
2 Balance relates to NCI put over the Group’s subsidiary which is currently recognised at immaterial value as the agreed price was 
equal to the fair value of the underlying investment on initial recognition 
3 Equity securities available for sale is level 3 fair value 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Fair values (continued) 

b)  Measurement of fair values 

The following techniques have been applied in measuring level 3 fair values, together with the significant 
unobservable inputs used. 

Financial instruments at fair value 

Equity securities - The Group and Company has invested in a number of investments in unlisted companies 
and  a  venture  capital  fund.  The  Group  and  Company  has  applied  a  discounted  cash  flow  valuation 
technique to assess the fair value of the investments as at year end. 

The  valuation  model  calculates  the  equity  value  considering  the  forecast  revenue  and  EBITDA,  together 
with forecast exit value applying market multiples, discounted using a risk-adjusted discount rate.  

Significant inputs: 

-  Forecast annual revenue and cost growth beyond the company’s forecast period: 10% 
-  Forecast EBTIDA margin: 25-56% 
-  Risk-adjusted discount rate: 40-45% 
-  Adjusted market multiple: 11-13.5 
-  Time period to exit: 5-7 years 

The  estimated  fair  value  change  would  increase/(decrease)  if  the  adjusted  market  multiple  was  higher 
/(lower);  the  annual  growth  rates  were  higher/(lower);  the  EBITDA  margin  was  higher/(lower);  the  risk-
adjusted discount rate was lower/(higher). Generally a change in the annual growth rate is accompanied by 
a directionally similar change in the EBITDA margin. 

Warrants - The Group holds warrants in the associate. These were considered at 28 February 2018 and 28 
February 2017 to have a minimal fair value due to the contingent nature. 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Fair values (continued) 

b)  Measurement of fair values (continued) 

Reconciliation of Level 3 fair value:  

Balance at 1 March 2016 
Purchases 
Settlements 
Loss included in administrative expenses 
- 
Foreign exchange loss 

Net change in fair value (unrealised) 

Unquoted 
equities 
£’000 

  Contingent 
consideration 
£’000 

- 
3,121 
- 

- 
- 

(3,895) 
- 
2,400 

(2,125) 
(408) 

Balance at 28 February 2017 

3,121 

(4,028) 

Purchases 
Settlements 
Loss included in administrative expenses 
- 
Foreign exchange gain 

Net change in fair value (unrealised) 

312 
- 

- 
- 

- 
897 

(2,980) 
423 

Balance at 28 February 2018 

3,433 

(5,688) 

Exposure to credit risk 

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure 
to credit risk at the reporting date was: 

Group 
Carrying amount 
2018 
£’000 

Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

55,893 
12,365 

2017 
£’000 

44,357 
16,250 

Company 
Carrying amount 
2018 
£’000 

53,459 
4,013 

2017 
£’000 

50,981 
9,499 

68,258 

60,607 

57,472 

60,480 

All financial assets which are subject to credit risk are held at amortised cost. 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Exposure to credit risk (continued) 

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade and other receivables at the reporting date by geographical 
region was: 

Group 

Company 

Europe 
America 
United Kingdom 
Australasia 

2018 
£’000 

8,653 
23,867 
21,182 
2,191 

2017 
£’000 

5,685 
24,823 
11,251 
2,598 

2018 
£’000 

4,868 
23,831 
22,022 
2,738 

2017 
£’000 

2,710 
31,103 
11,790 
5,378 

55,893 

44,357 

53,459 

50,981 

The  maximum  exposure  to  credit  risk  for  trade  and  other  receivables  at  the  reporting  date  by  type  of 
counterparty was: 

Group 

Company 

End-user customer 
Other 

2018 
£’000 

47,136 
8,757 

2017 
£’000 

39,615 
4,742 

2018 
£’000 

32,042 
21,417 

2017 
£’000 

22,178 
28,803 

55,893 

44,357 

53,459 

50,981 

No  customers  had  receivable  balances  in  excess  of  10%  of  the  Group’s  total  balance  at  the  year  end. In 
addition £164k (2017: £1,023k) is receivable from Invest Northern Ireland in respect of grants receivable. 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Exposure to credit risk (continued) 

Impairment losses 
The ageing of trade receivables at the reporting date was: 

Group 

Not past due 
Past due 0-30 days 
Past due 31-120 days 
Past due 121-365 days 
Past due 366 days + 

Gross 
2018 
£’000 

20,706 
4,576 
7,670 
4,894 
3,065 

  Impairment 
2018 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 
152 
2,830 

Gross 
2017 
£’000 

14,165 
9,133 
8,729 
3,979 
3,776 

Impairment 
2017 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 
149 
2,912 

Total 

40,911 

2,982 

39,782 

3,061 

Company 

Not past due 
Past due 0-30 days 
Past due 31-120 days 
Past due 121-365 days 
Past due 366 days + 

Gross 
2018 
£’000 

10,915 
2,351 
5,820 
3,901 
1,764 

  Impairment 
2018 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 
152 
1,764 

Gross 
2017 
£’000 

8,000 
5,413 
6,692 
1,567 
896 

Impairment 
2017 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 
149 
896 

Total 

24,751 

1,916 

22,568 

1,045 

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Exposure to credit risk (continued) 

Impairment losses (continued) 
The movement in the specific allowance for impairment in respect of trade receivables during the year was 
as follows: 

Group 

Company 

Balance at 1 March 
Impairment loss charged 
Foreign exchange impact 
Amounts written off 

2018 
£’000 

3,061 
1,380 
23 
(1,482) 

2017 
£’000 

4,342 
1,550 
388 
(3,219) 

2018 
£’000 

1,045 
1,412 
- 
(541) 

2017 
£’000 

981 
780 
- 
(716) 

Closing balance 

2,982 

3,061 

1,916 

1,045 

A  specific  impairment  loss  was  incurred  during  the  prior  year  with  regard  to  concerns  over  the 
recoverability  of  debt  from  various  customers  mainly  due  to  the  economic  circumstances  of  those 
customers. The Group and Company believe that the unimpaired amounts that are past due by more than 
30 days are still collectible, based on historic payment behaviours.   

The allowance for impairment for the Group and Company is entirely specific. 

The Group and Company held cash and cash equivalents of £12,365k (2017: £16,250k) and £4,013k (2017: 
£9,449k)  respectively  at 28  February 2018  which  represents  their  maximum  exposure  on  the  assets.  The 
cash and cash equivalents are held with bank and institutional counter parties which are rated AA- to AA+ 
based on credit agency ratings. 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Liquidity risk 

Group 
The following are contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments. 

28 February 2018 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

6 mths 
or less 

6-12 
mths 

1-2 
years 

2-5 
years 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

  £’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Secured bank loans  
Finance leases 
Trade and other 
payables 
Contingent deferred 
consideration 
Commitment to 
associate 

(28,544) 
(7) 

(29,881) 
(8) 

(1,958) 
(8) 

(2,272) 
- 

(25,651) 
- 

(48,892) 

(48,892) 

(18,856) 

- 

(30,036) 

(5,688) 

(5,688) 

- 

(5,688) 

- 

(1,007) 

(560) 

(447) 

- 

- 

(83,131) 

(85,476) 

(21,382) 

(8,407) 

(55,687) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

28 February 2017 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

6 mths 
or less 

6-12 
mths 

1-2 
years 

2-5 
years 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

  £’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Secured bank loans  
Finance leases 
Trade and other 
payables 
Contingent deferred 
consideration 
Commitment to 
associate 

(29,692) 
(69) 

(31,803) 
(85) 

(1,971) 
(40) 

(2,286) 
(40) 

(3,820) 
(5) 

(23,726) 
- 

(48,924) 

(48,924) 

(15,331) 

(4,028) 

(4,028) 

(859) 

- 

- 

(33,593) 

(3,169) 

- 

(2,347) 

(1,820) 

(526) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(82,713) 

(87,187) 

(20,021) 

(2,852) 

(40,587) 

(23,726) 

More 
than 5 
years 
£’000 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

More 
than 5 
years 
£’000 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

The above contracted cash flows include interest on secured bank loans the terms of which are set out in 
note 23. The contractual maturity of the £30,036k (2017: £33,593k) included in trade and other payables is 
up to seven years, but has an exercise notice period of 366 days. 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Liquidity risk (continued) 

Company 
The following are contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments. 

28 February 2018 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

6 mths 
or less 

6-12 
mths 

1-2 years  2-5 years 

£’000 

£’000 

   £’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Secured bank loans  
Trade and other 
payables 
Contingent deferred 
consideration 

(28,544) 

(29,881) 

(1,958) 

(2,272) 

(25,651) 

(32,420) 

(32,420) 

(32,420) 

- 

(1,038) 

(1,038) 

- 

(1,038) 

- 

- 

(62,002) 

(63,339) 

(34,378) 

(3,310) 

(25,651) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

28 February 2017 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

6 mths 
or less 

6-12 
mths 

1-2 years  2-5 years 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Secured bank loans  
Trade and other 
payables 
Contingent deferred 
consideration 

(29,692) 

(31,803) 

(1,971) 

(2,286) 

(3,820) 

(23,726) 

(29,543) 

(29,543) 

(29,543) 

(500) 

(500) 

(500) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(59,735) 

(61,846) 

(32,014) 

(2,386) 

(3,820) 

(23,726) 

More 
than 5 
years 
£’000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

More 
than 5 
years 
£’000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

The above contracted cash flows include interest on secured bank loans the terms of which are set out in 
note 23. 

109 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Currency risk  

Group 
The Group’s exposure to currency risk was as follows: 

Trade receivables 
Trade and other payables 

28 February 2018 

28 February 2017 

CAD 
£’000 

230 
(14) 

EUR 
£’000 

USD 
£’000 

CAD 
£’000 

EUR 
£’000 

USD 
£’000 

3,483 
(329) 

10,079 
(31,154) 

42 
(2) 

2,117 
(239) 

12,953 
(35,352) 

Net balance sheet exposure 

216 

3,154 

(21,075) 

40 

1,878 

(22,399) 

The above excludes bank loans designated in a net investment hedge of £22,354k (2017: £28,802k). 

Company 
The Company’s exposure to currency risk was as follows: 

28 February 2018 

28 February 2017 

CAD 
£’000 

EUR 
£’000 

USD 
£’000 

CAD 
£’000 

Trade receivables 
Secured bank loans 
Trade and other payables 

230 
- 
(14) 

3,483 
- 
(250) 

9,824 
(22,354) 
(997) 

42 
- 
(2) 

EUR 
£’000 

2,117 
- 
(186) 

USD 
£’000 

11,740 
(28,802) 
(1,555) 

Net balance sheet exposure 

216 

3,233 

(13,527) 

40 

1,931 

(18,617) 

The following significant exchange rates applied during the year: 

USD 1 
EUR 1 
CAD 1 

Average rate 

Reporting date spot rate 

2018 

1.31 
1.14 
1.69 

2017 

1.32 
1.20 
1.73 

2018 

1.39 
1.13 
1.77 

2017 

1.24 
1.17 
1.64 

110 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

32.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Currency risk (continued)  

Sensitivity analysis 
A  10%  strengthening  of  Sterling  against  the  above  currencies  at  the  end  of  the  period  would  decrease 
Group  equity  by  £3,004k  (2017:  £3,359k)  and  profit  or  loss  by  £1,771k  (2017:  £2,048k).  A  10% 
weakening of Sterling against the above currencies at the end of the period would increase Group equity by 
£2,703k  (2017:  £3,023k)  and  profit  or  loss  by  £1,594k  (2017:  £1,844k).  The  movement  on  the  net 
investment hedge would be offset by the movement in the net investment. This analysis assumes that all 
other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant. 

A  10%  strengthening  of  Sterling  against  the  above  currencies  at  the  end  of  the  period  would  decrease 
Company profit or loss by approximately £1,008k (2017: £1,370k). A 10% weakening of Sterling against 
the  above  currencies  at  the  end  of  the  period  would  increase  Company  profit  or  loss  by  approximately 
£907k (2017: £1,233k).  This analysis assumes that  all other variables, in particular interest rates,  remain 
constant. 

Interest rate risks 
At  the  reporting  date  the  interest  profile  of  the  Group’s  and  Company’s  interest  bearing  financial 
instruments was: 

Group 

2018   
£’000 

2017   
£’000 

Company 

2018   
£’000 

2017   
£’000 

Variable rate instruments 
-  Financial assets 
-  Financial liabilities 

12,365 
(28,544) 

16,250 
(29,692) 

4,013 
(28,544) 

9,499 
(29,692) 

(16,179) 

(13,442) 

(24,531) 

(20,193) 

Fixed rate instruments 
-  Financial assets 
-  Financial liabilities 

1,944 
(7) 

1,937 

- 
(69) 

(69) 

323 
- 

323 

- 
- 

- 

A 10% reduction in interest rates at the end of the period would increase Group equity and profit and loss 
by  approximately  £84k  (2017:  £88k).  A  10%  increase  in  interest  rates  at  the  end  of  the  period  would 
decrease Group equity and profit or loss by approximately £93k (2017: £96k). This analysis assumes that 
all other variables remain constant. 

111 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

33.  Share based payments 

Options have been granted as set out below under the Group’s equity-settled share option schemes which 
are open to all Executive Directors and employees of the Group. Options that vest at annual intervals over 
a three or four year period are deemed to consist of three separate options for valuation purposes.  Options 
with  TSR  conditions  vesting  at  the  end  of  a  three  year  period  are  deemed  to  be  a  single  option  for 
valuation. Vested options are exercisable following the satisfaction of the service criteria for a period not 
exceeding 10 years from the date of grant. It is noted that share options which pre-date the scope of IFRS 2 
(Share Based Payment), are not accounted for under this standard.  

Reconciliation of outstanding share options 
The number and weighted average exercise prices of share options have been analysed into four exercise 
price ranges as follows: 

Range of exercise price: £1.21 

Maximum options outstanding at 
beginning of period 
Lapsed during the period 
Exercised during the period 
Granted during the period 
Maximum options outstanding at end of 
period 
Exercisable at end of period 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
2018 

Number  
of options 
2018 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
2017 

1.21 
- 
1.21 
- 

1.21 
1.21 

105,500 
- 
(11,000) 
- 

94,500 
94,500 

1.35 
- 
1.59 
- 

1.21 
1.21 

Number  
of options 
2017 

169,500 
- 
(64,000) 
- 

105,500 
105,500 

The options outstanding at 28 February  2018 above have an exercise price of £1.21 (2017: £1.21) and  a 
weighted average contractual life of 1.0 years (2017: 2.0 years). 

Range of exercise price: £2.27 – £2.67 

Maximum options outstanding at 
beginning of period 
Lapsed during the period 
Exercised during the period 
Granted during the period 
Maximum options outstanding at end of 
period 
Exercisable at end of period 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
2018 

Number  
of options 
2018 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
2017 

2.50 
- 
2.63 
- 

2.27 
2.27 

120,334 
- 
(75,750) 
- 

44,584 
44,584 

2.55 
- 
2.63 
- 

2.50 
2.50 

Number  
of options 
2017 

199,334 
- 
(79,000) 
- 

120,334 
120,334 

The options outstanding at 28 February 2018 above have an exercise price of £2.27 (2017: in the range of 
£2.27 to £2.735) and a weighted average contractual life of 2.0 years (2017: 1.3 years). 

112 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

33.  Share based payments (continued) 

Range of exercise price: £4.15 – £9.00 

Maximum options outstanding at 
beginning of period 
Lapsed during the period 
Exercised during the period 
Granted during the period 
Maximum options outstanding at end of 
period 
Exercisable at end of period 

Weighted 
average 
exercise  
price 
2018 

6.77 
8.68 
6.93 
- 

6.77 
6.51 

Number  
of options 
2018 

1,226,550 
31,000 
(347,883) 
- 

909,667 
813,088 

Weighted 
average 
exercise  
price 
2017 

6.56 
8.33 
6.06 
- 

6.77 
5.97 

Number  
of options 
2017 

1,909,868 
(30,500) 
(652,818) 
- 

1,226,550 
889,480 

The options outstanding at 28 February 2018 above have an exercise price in the range of £4.27 to £9.00 
(2017: £4.27 to £9.00) and a weighted average contractual life of 4.7 years (2017: 5.7 years). 

Range of exercise price: £12.28 – £25.37 

Maximum options outstanding at 
beginning of period 
Lapsed during the period 
Exercised during the period 
Granted during the period 
Maximum options outstanding at end of 
period 
Exercisable at end of period 

Weighted 
average 
exercise  
price 
2018 

14.70 
14.69 
13.84 
21.76 

16.70 
14.67 

Number  
of options 
2018 

1,603,500 
(1,500) 
(324,664) 
450,000 

1,727,336 
270,825 

Weighted 
average 
exercise  
price 
2017 

12.99 
12.28 
12.28 
16.11 

14.70 
- 

Number  
of options 
2017 

734,500 
(20,000) 
(4,000) 
859,000 

1,569,500 
- 

The options outstanding at 28 February 2018 above have an exercise price in the range of £12.28 to £25.37 
(2017: £12.28 to £21.10) and a weighted average contractual life of 8.0 years (2017: 8.5). 

The  weighted  average  share  price  at  the  date  of  exercise  for  share  options  exercised  for  the  year  ending 
28 February 2018 was £31.89 per share (2017: £17.85). 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

33.  Share based payments (continued) 

Measurement of fair values 
The fair value of services received in return for share options granted is based on the fair value of share 
options granted, measured using an adjusted Black Scholes model, with the following inputs: 

Grant of options during the year ended 28 February 2018 
Grant date 
Fair value at grant date 
Share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Number of options 
Expected volatility (weighted average volatility) 
Option life (expected weighted average life) 
Expected dividends 
Risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds) 

17/05/17 
4.53 
25.37 
25.37 
250,000 
17.5% 
3.5 years 
0.1% 
3.0% 

17/05/17 
3.10 
25.37 
17.25 
200,000 
17.5% 
3.5 years 
0.1% 
3.0% 

The share option award on 17 May 2017 with an exercise price of £17.25 was due to commitments as part 
of contractual employment arrangements that were subject to criteria being satisfied prior to the award of 
the options. 

Measurement of fair values 
Grant of options during the year ended 28 February 2017 
Grant date 
Fair value at grant date 
Share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Number of options1 
Expected volatility (weighted average volatility) 
Option life (expected weighted average life) 
Expected dividends 
Risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds) 

08/03/16 
3.07 
14.69 
14.69 
553,000 
17.5% 
4.5 years 
0.1% 
3.0% 

18/07/16 
2.36 
17.25 
17.25 
250,000 
17.5% 
3.5 years 
0.1% 
3.0% 

01/12/16 
3.04 
21.10 
21.10 
90,000 
17.5% 
2.5 years 
0.1% 
3.0% 

1The share option award on 08 March 2016 has been updated to include an additional 34,000 options which 
were included in this tranche. 

The adjustments made to the standard Black Scholes model are those required to reflect more clearly the 
Company’s experience relating to key assumptions. 

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Notes (continued) 

33. Share based payments (continued) 

Employee expenses  

Expense relating to: 
Share options granted in 2012/13  
Share options granted in 2013/14  
Share options granted in 2014/15  
Share options granted in 2015/16  
Share options granted in 2016/17 
Share options granted in 2017/18 

Total expense recognised as employee benefit expense 

Total amount recognised as software development costs 

2018 
£’000 

- 
74 
195 
399 
560 
358 

1,586 

- 

2017 
£’000 

58 
147 
211 
284 
400 
- 

1,100 

292 

Total amount recognised in share based payment reserve 

1,586 

1,392 

34.  Contingent liabilities 

Government grants 
A portion of grants may become repayable should the conditions of offer cease to be met. The repayment 
of  the  employment  grant  is  contingent  on  the  maintenance  of  employment  levels  to  March  2020  and 
September 2022 in relation to the respective grants. 

115 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Directors and advisors 

Directors 

Secretary 

Registered Office 

Auditors 

Solicitors 

Bankers 

–  Non-Executive Chairman*+ 
–  Chief Executive Officer 
–  Chief Financial Officer 
–  Non-Executive Director* 
–  Non-Executive Director*+ 
–  Non-Executive Director+ 
(Resigned 15 May 2017) 
–  Non-Executive Director 

(Appointed 15 January 2018) 

S Keating 
B G Conlon 
R G Ferguson 
K MacDonald 
V Gambale 
J Robson 

D Troy 

JJ Kearns 

3 Canal Quay 
Newry 
Co Down 
BT35 6BP 

KPMG 
Chartered Accountants 
The Soloist Building 
1 Lanyon Place 
Belfast 
BT1 3LP 

Mills Selig 
21 Arthur Street 
Belfast 
BT1 4GA 

Bank of Ireland 
Corporate Headquarters 
Donegall Place 
Belfast 
BT1 5LU 

Nominated Advisor/EMI Advisor and 
Joint Brokers 

Investec Bank Plc 
2 Gresham Street 
London 
EC2V 7QP 

Goodbody Corporate Finance 
Ballsbridge Park 
Ballsbridge 
Dublin 4 

Company registration number 

NI 30731 

Registrar and Transfer Office 

* Member of the audit committee  
+ Member of the remuneration committee 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen 
West Midlands 
B63 3DA 

116 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Global directory 

Europe, Middle East & Africa 
Head Office 
First Derivatives plc 
3 Canal Quay 
Newry 
Co. Down 
N.Ireland 
BT35 6BP 
Telephone: +44 28 3025 2242  
Fax: +44 28 3025 2060 

London  
Fifth Floor 
Cannon Green Building 
27 Bush Lane 
London 
EC4R 0AN 
UK 

Munich Office 
Mindspace 
Viktualienmarkt 8 
80331 Munich 
Germany 

USA & Canada 
New York  
45 Broadway 
Twentieth Floor 
New York 
NY 10006 
USA 
Telephone: +1 212 447 6700 

Toronto  
36 King Street East 
Fourth Floor 
Toronto 
Ontario 
M5C 1E5 
Canada 

Belfast  
Seventh Floor 
11-13 Gloucester Street 
Belfast 
Co. Antrim 
N.Ireland 
BT1 4LS 

Dublin  
First Floor 
Fleming Court 
Flemings Place 
Mespil Road 
Dublin 4 
D04 N4X9 
Ireland 

Dubai Office 
Creative Tower 
Dubai 
PO BOX 4422 
UAE 

Philadelphia 
1650 Arch Street 
Suite 2210 
Philadelphia 
PA 19103 
USA 

31 Lakeshore Road East 
Suite 201 
Mississauga 
Ontario 
L5G 4V5 
Canada 

117 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Derivatives plc 

Global directory 

Asia Pacific 
Sydney  
Suite 201 
22 Pitt Street 
Sydney 
NSW 2000 
Australia 

Hong Kong 
Level 8 
Two Exchange Square 
8 Connaught Place 
Central 
Hong Kong 

Singapore 
One Raffles Quay 
North Tower 
#30-03 
Singapore 
048583 

Tokyo 
Sanno Park Tower 3F 
2-11-1 Nagata-cho 
Chiyoda-ku 
Tokyo, 100-6162 
Japan 

118