Gigante Salmon
Annual Report 2006

Plain-text annual report

06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 1 06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 2 C O R P O R A T E P R O F I L E Giga-tronics’ basic technologies are in test, measurement and control, spanning both RF and Microwave. Our products include Microwave Synthesizers, Power Meters, Digital Multimeters, A/D and D/A Converters, Switches and Switching Systems, Plug-n-Play Software, YIG Oscillators, Amplifiers, Filters and YIG based Synthesizers for Broad Band Wireless. These products have broad application in both commercial and military markets. They are used by engineers in the design of new products, on the production line for test and calibration of a wide range of manufactured devices, and in the field for maintenance and re-calibration of electronic systems and equipment. Specific applications for these products include: Synthesizers in 5 to 40 gigahertz wireless communications radio links, satellite systems testing, calibration of aircraft defensive systems, production testing of cell phones, test and calibration of complex antennae systems, on-site maintenance of battlefield communications and fire control equipment, microwave component testing, shipboard maintenance and calibration of a wide range of radar systems, electronic surveillance receivers, and electronic warfare and countermeasures. Among the users of Giga-tronics products are: Lockheed Martin, Honeywell, Northrop Grumman, Qualcomm, Mantech, Raytheon, Boeing, FAA, Motorola, Harris, BAE Marconi, Rockwell, Goodrich, Agilent, Cisco, McKesson, Israel Aircraft Industries, Swiss Defense Procurement, US Navy, US Air Force, and US Army. 06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 3 T O O U R S H A R E H O L D E R S Giga-tronics faced a number of significant challenges during its fiscal year 2006. Orders dropped precipitously in the second quarter due to Government defense capital equipment spending delays brought about by the war in Iraq. Payroll increases became necessary to stem turnover following years of salary reductions. Competitive product introductions eroded the leadership of some product lines. And, the market acceptance of our new microwave synthesizer was slower than expected. Orders were down 28% to $15,157,000 as compared to $20,914,000 for the prior year. Operating expenses were up 6% to $9,316,000 and sales declined 4% to $20,620,000 resulting in a net loss of $961,000 or $0.20 per fully diluted share for the fiscal year. To address these challenges to its business, Giga-tronics began taking steps to restructure the company. A combined sales and marketing organization was created to represent all three divisions and progress was made toward the consolidation of our channel. This will allow us to offer a broader range of products to customers, make us more significant to our field representatives, and will drive more focus to our product development strategy. In addition, a number of talented people were added in the field and at the factory to strengthen the new organization. Cooperation between the divisions was accelerated culminating in the release of several new products including an improved version of our award winning 2400 series microwave synthesizer. These products have positioned us well to capitalize on large defense contract programs when that activity resumes. Another step taken has been to focus our new development programs toward more commercial products to reduce our dependence on the domestic defense sector. 06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 4 The new 2500 Panther Series microwave synthesizer, introduced in the first quarter of fiscal 2007, squarely addresses the semi-conductor test and antenna characterization markets. Further consolidation and coordination of engineering activities will continue as we move forward. Throughout the year, several new executives were appointed in sales, operations, and to the board. This additional talent strengthens the ability of the organization to execute its strategy and sets the tone for further changes that will be ongoing. The balance sheet at year-end continued to reflect the strong financial position of the company. Our cash balance improved to approximately $3.4 million and we maintain an unused credit line of $2.5 million. The ratio of current assets to current liabilities at year-end decreased slightly to 3.9, from 4.3 a year ago. Shareholders’ equity at year-end was $9,098,000 or $1.89 per share. The company has no debt. Despite these disappointing financial results, I believe the Company is well along the way with the changes necessary to restore profitability. We are well positioned to capitalize on future commercial opportunities and I expect order growth throughout the remainder of fiscal 2007. As your new CEO I am excited about the opportunities I see ahead for Giga-tronics and you have my commitment to continue the changes needed to deliver solid financial results. Sincerely, John R. Regazzi Chief Executive Officer UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-KSB (Mark One) [ X ] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the fiscal year ended March 25, 2006, or [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the transition period from to . GIGA-TRONICS INCORPORATED (Name of small business issuer in its charter) Commission File No. 0-12719 California (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 4650 Norris Canyon Road, San Ramon, CA (Address of principal executive offices) Issuer’s telephone number: (925) 328-4650 94-2656341 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 94583 (Zip Code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class None Name of each exchange on which registered None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, No par value (Title of class) Check whether the issuer is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. [ ] Check whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ] Check if there is no disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-B not contained herein, and no disclosure will be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any amendment to this Form 10-KSB. [X] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X] State issuer’s revenues for its most recent fiscal year: $20,620,000. The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was sold or the average bid and asked prices as of May 25, 2006 was $ 7,936,363. There were a total of 4,809,021 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of May 25, 2006. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the following documents have been incorporated by reference into the parts indicated: PART OF FORM 10-KSB PART III DOCUMENT Registrant’s PROXY STATEMENT for its 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended March 25, 2006. Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format (check one): Yes [ ] No [X] 2 PART I The forward-looking statements included in this report including, without limitation, statements containing the words "believes," "anticipates," "estimates," "expects," "intends" and words of similar import, which reflect management’s best judgment based on factors currently known, involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including but not limited to those discussed under “Certain Factors Which May Adversely Affect Future Operations Or An Investment In Giga-tronics” in Item 1 below and in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis”. ITEM 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS General Giga-tronics Incorporated (Giga-tronics, or the Company) includes operations of Giga-tronics Instrument Division, ASCOR, Inc. (ASCOR), and Microsource, Inc. (Microsource). In the first quarter of fiscal 2004, Giga- tronics elected to discontinue the operations of DYMATiX, which was a joint venture and principal activity of the Company’s former subsidiaries Viking Semiconductor Equipment, Inc. (Viking) and Ultracision, Inc. (Ultracision). Giga-tronics designs, manufactures and markets through its Giga-tronics Instrument Division, a broad line of test and measurement equipment used in the development, test and maintenance of wireless communications products and systems, flight navigational equipment, electronic defense systems and automatic testing systems. These products are used primarily in the design, production, repair and maintenance of commercial telecommunications, radar, and electronic warfare equipment. Giga-tronics was incorporated on March 5, 1980, its principal executive offices are located at 4650 Norris Canyon Road, San Ramon, California, and its telephone number at that location is (925) 328-4650. Effective July 23, 1996, Giga-tronics acquired ASCOR. ASCOR, located in Fremont, California, designs, manufactures, and markets a line of switching and connecting devices that link together many specific purpose instruments that comprise a portion of automatic test systems. ASCOR offers a family of switching and interface test adapters as standard VXI configured products, as well as complete system integration services to the Automatic Test Equipment market. Effective June 27, 1997, Giga-tronics completed a merger with Viking by issuing approximately 420,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange for all of the common stock of Viking. Viking manufactured and marketed a line of optical inspection equipment used to manufacture and test semiconductor devices. Products included die attachments, automatic die sorters, tape and reel equipment, and wafer inspection equipment. Effective December 2, 1997, Giga-tronics completed a merger with Ultracision by issuing approximately 517,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange for all of the common stock of Ultracision. Ultracision was a manufacturer of automation equipment for the test and inspection of silicon wafers. Ultracision also produced a line of probers for the testing and inspection of silicon devices. With the discontinuance and sale of DYMATiX, Giga-tronics has dissolved Viking and Ultracision. Effective May 18, 1998, Giga-tronics acquired Microsource. All the outstanding shares of Microsource were acquired for $1,500,000 plus contingent payments based on earnings from Microsource from 1998 to 2000, which amounts were nominal. Microsource, located in Santa Rosa, California, develops and manufactures a broad line of YIG (Yttrium, Iron, Garnet) tuned oscillators, filters and microwave synthesizers, which are used by its customers in manufacturing a wide variety of microwave instruments or devices. 3 Giga-tronics intends to broaden its product lines and expand its market, both by internal development of new products and through the acquisition of other business entities. From time to time, the Company considers a variety of acquisition opportunities. Industry Segments The Company manufactures products used in test, measurement and handling. The Company operates primarily in four operating and reporting segments, Giga-tronics Instrument Division, ASCOR Inc., Microsource Inc. and Corporate. Products and Markets Giga-tronics Instrument Division The Giga-tronics Instrument Division segment produces signal sources, generators and sweepers, and power measurement instruments for use in the microwave and RF frequency range (10 kHz to 75 GHz). Within each product line are a number of different models and options allowing customers to select frequency range and specialized capabilities, features and functions. The end-user markets for these products can be divided into three broad segments: commercial telecommunications, radar and electronic warfare. This segment’s instruments are used in the design, production, repair and maintenance and calibration of other manufacturers’ products, from discrete components to complex systems. ASCOR Inc. The ASCOR Inc. segment produces switch modules and interface adapters that operate with a bandwidth from direct current (DC) to 18 GHz. This segment’s switch modules may be incorporated within its customers’ automated test equipment. The end-user markets for these products are primarily related to defense, aeronautics, communications, satellite and electronic warfare. Microsource Inc. The Microsource segment develops and manufactures a broad line of YIG tuned oscillators, filters and microwave synthesizers, which are used by its customers in manufacturing a wide variety of microwave instruments or devices. Sources and Availability of Raw Materials and Components Substantially all of the components required by Giga-tronics to make its assemblies are available from more than one source. The Company occasionally uses sole source arrangements to obtain leading-edge technology or favorable pricing or supply terms, but not in any material volume. In the Company’s opinion, the loss of any sole source arrangement it has would not be material to its operations. Although extended delays in receipt of components from its suppliers could result in longer product delivery schedules for the Company, the Company believes that its protection against this possibility stems from its practice of dealing with well-established suppliers and maintaining good relationships with such suppliers. Patents and Licenses The Company’s competitive position is largely dependent upon its ability to provide performance specifications for its instruments and systems that (a) easily, effectively and reliably meet customers’ needs and (b) selectively surpass competitors’ specifications in competing products. Patents may occasionally provide some short-term protection of proprietary designs. However, because of the rapid progress of technological development in the Company’s industry, such protection is most often, although not always, short-lived. Therefore, although we occasionally pursue patent coverage, we place major emphasis on the development of new products with superior 4 performance specifications and the upgrading of existing products toward this same end. This is reflected in a substantial allocation of budget to project development costs. The Company’s products are based on its own designs, which in turn derive from its own engineering abilities. If the Company’s new product engineering efforts fall behind, its competitive position weakens. Conversely, effective product development greatly enhances its competitive status. The Company presently holds 22 patents. None of these is critical to the Company’s ongoing business, and the Company does not actively maintain them. Capitalized costs relating to these patents were both incurred and fully amortized prior to March 1, 2003. Accordingly, these patents have no recorded value included in the Company’s fiscal 2005 and 2006 consolidated financial statements. The Company is not dependent on trademarks, licenses or franchises. We do utilize certain software licenses in certain functional aspects for some of our products. Such licenses are readily available, non-exclusive and are obtained at either no cost or for a relatively small fee. Seasonal Nature of Business The business of the Company is not seasonal. Working Capital Practices The Company generally strives to maintain at least 60 days worth of inventory and generally sells to customers on 30 day payment terms. Typically, the Company receives payment terms of 30 days. The Company believes that these practices are consistent with typical industry practices. Importance of Limited Number of Customers Commercial business accounted for 57% and 62% of net sales in fiscal 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company is a leading supplier of microwave and RF test instruments to various U.S. government defense agencies, as well as to their prime contractors. Management anticipates sales to U.S. government agencies and their prime contractors will remain significant in fiscal 2007. Defense-related agencies accounted for 43% and 38% of net sales in fiscal 2006 and 2005, respectively. Prior to the last four years, in which the defense business has improved, sales to the defense industry in general and direct sales to the United States and foreign government agencies in particular had declined. Any decline of defense orders could have a negative effect on the business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows of Giga-tronics. During fiscal 2006 and 2005, the U.S. government defense agencies and their prime contractors made up 19% and 32%, respectively, of the Giga-tronics Instrument Division’s revenues. During fiscal 2006, ASCOR derived 41% of its revenues from the U.S. government defense agencies and their prime contractors and another 45% from foreign defense agencies and their prime contractors. During fiscal 2005, ASCOR derived 25% of its revenues from the U.S. government defense agencies and their prime contractors, 15% from a communications equipment manufacturer, and another 39% from an automated test equipment manufacturer. During fiscal 2006, Microsource derived 51% of its revenue from an electronic instrument manufacturer, 31% of its revenues from the U.S. government defense agencies and their prime contractors, and another 12% from foreign defense agencies and their prime contractors. During fiscal 2005, Microsource derived 47% of its revenues from the U.S. government defense agencies and their prime contractors, an electronic instrument manufacturer comprised 36% and an international communications equipment company comprised 14% Other than U.S. government agencies and their defense contractors, one other customer accounted for 10% or more of consolidated revenues of the Company in fiscal 2006. The Company did 16% of its fiscal 5 2006 consolidated revenue with an electronic instrument manufacturer. In prior years, the Company did less than 10% of its business with this customer. Other than U.S. government agencies and their defense contractors, no customer accounted for 10% or more of consolidated revenues of the Company in fiscal 2005, and no customer who accounted for 10% or more of revenues of any one segment accounted for 10% or more of any other segment. Other than U.S. government agencies and their prime contractors, the Company has no customer the loss of which would, in management’s opinion, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries as a whole. The Company’s products are largely capital investments for its customers, and the Company’s belief is that its customers have economic cycles in which capital investment budgets for the kinds of products that the Company produces expand and contract. The Company, therefore, expects that a major customer in one year will often not be a major customer in the following year. Accordingly, the Company’s revenues and earnings will decline if the Company is unable to find new customers or increase its business with other existing customers to replace declining revenues from the previous year’s major customers. A substantial decline in revenues from U.S. government defense agencies and their prime contractors would also have a material adverse effect on the Company’s revenues and results of operations unless replaced by revenues from the commercial sector. Backlog of Orders On March 25, 2006, the Company’s backlog of unfilled orders was approximately $10,329,000 compared to approximately $15,792,000 at March 26, 2005. As of March 25, 2006, there were approximately $4,466,000 in unfilled orders that were scheduled for shipment beyond a year, as compared to approximately $7,631,000 at March 26, 2005. Orders for the Company’s products include program orders from both the U.S. government and defense contractors with extended delivery dates. Accordingly, the backlog of orders may vary substantially from quarter to quarter and the backlog entering any single quarter may not be indicative of sales for any period. Backlog includes only those customer orders for which a delivery schedule has been agreed upon between the Company and the customer and, in the case of U.S. government orders, for which funding has been appropriated. Competition Giga-tronics serves the broad market for electronic instrumentation with applications ranging from the design, test, calibration and maintenance of other electronic devices to providing sophisticated components for complex electronic systems to sub-systems capable of sorting and identifying high frequency communication signals. These applications cut across the commercial, industrial and military segments of the broad market. The Company has a variety of competitors. Several of its competitors are much larger than the Company and have greater resources and substantially broader product lines. Others are of comparable size with more limited product lines. Competition from numerous existing companies is intense and potential new entrants are expected to increase. The Company’s instrument, switch, oscillator and synthesizer products compete with Agilent, Anritsu, Racal, IFR and Rohde & Schwarz. Many of these companies have substantially greater research and development, manufacturing, marketing, financial, technological, personnel and managerial resources than Giga-tronics. There can be no assurance that any products developed by these competitors will not gain greater market acceptance than any developed by Giga-tronics. To compete effectively in this circumstance, the Company (a) places strong emphasis on maintaining a high degree of technical competence as it relates to the development of new products and the upgrading of existing products and (b) is highly selective in establishing technological objectives. The Company does not attempt to compete ‘across the board’, but selectively based upon its particular strengths and the competitors’ perceived limitations. 6 Specification requirements of customers in this market vary widely. The Company is able to compete by offering products that meet a customer’s particular specification requirements; by being able to offer certain product specifications at lower cost resulting from the Company’s past production of products with those of similar specifications; and by being able to offer certain product specifications at a higher quality level. All of these advantages are attributable to the Company’s continuing investment in research and development and in a highly trained engineering staff. The customer’s decision is most often based on the best match of its particular requirements and the supplier’s operating specifications. In most cases, attracting and retaining customers does not require the Company to offer the best overall product with respect to each of the customer’s requirements, but rather the best product relative to the specifications that are most important to the customer. Occasionally price is a competitive consideration. In that circumstance, the Company believes it has more flexibility in making pricing decisions than its larger and more structured competitors. Sales and Marketing Giga-tronics Instrument Division, ASCOR, and Microsource market their products through various distributors and representatives to commercial and government customers, although not necessarily through the same distributors and representatives. Product Development Products of the type manufactured by Giga-tronics historically have had relatively long product life cycles. However, the electronics industry is subject to rapid technological changes at the component level. The future success of the Company is dependent on its ability to steadily incorporate advancements in component technologies into its new products. Product development expenses totaled approximately $3,760,000 and $3,370,000 in fiscal 2006 and 2005, respectively. Activities included the development of new products and the improvement of existing products. It is management’s intention to maintain or increase expenditures for product development at levels required to sustain its competitive position. All of the Company’s product development activities are internally funded and expensed as incurred. Giga-tronics expects to continue to make significant investments in research and development. There can be no assurance that future technologies, processes or product developments will not render Giga-tronics’ current product offerings obsolete or that Giga-tronics will be able to develop and introduce new products or enhancements to existing products, which satisfy customer needs, in a timely manner or achieve market acceptance. The failure to do so could adversely affect Giga-tronics’ business. Manufacturing The assembly and testing of Giga-tronics Instrument Division microwave, RF and power measurement products are done at its San Ramon facility. The assembly and testing of ASCOR’s switching and connecting devices are done at its Fremont facility. The assembly and testing of Microsource’s line of YIG tuned oscillators, filters and microwave synthesizers are done at its Santa Rosa facility. Environment To the best of its knowledge, the Company is in compliance with all federal, state and local laws and regulations involving the protection of the environment. 7 Employees As of March 25, 2006, Giga-tronics employed 120 individuals on a full time basis. Management believes that the future success of the Company depends on its ability to attract and retain skilled personnel. None of the Company’s employees are represented by a labor union, and the Company considers its employee relations to be good. Information about Foreign Operations The Company sells to its international customers through a network of foreign technical sales representative organizations. (Dollars in thousands) Domestic International Geographic Distribution of Sales Percent 2006 56.0% $11,549 44.0% 9,071 2005 $15,356 6,121 Percent 71.5% 28.5% See footnote 5 of the financial statements for further breakdown of international sales for the last two years. The Company has no foreign-based operations or material amounts of identifiable assets in foreign countries. Its gross margins on foreign and domestic sales are similar. Certain Factors Which May Adversely Affect Future Operations Or An Investment In Giga-tronics Business climate is volatile Giga-tronics has a significant number of defense-related orders. If the defense market should soften, shipments in the current year could decrease more than current projected shipments with a concurrent decline in earnings. The Company’s commercial product backlog has a number of risks and uncertainties such as the cancellation or deferral of orders, dispute over performance and our ability to collect amounts due under these orders. If any of these events occurs, then shipments in the current year could fall below currently projected shipments and earnings could decline. Giga-tronics sales are substantially dependent on the wireless industry Giga-tronics sells directly or indirectly to customers and equipment manufacturers in the wireless industry. Currently, this industry is undergoing dramatic and rapid change. As such, the business that Giga-tronics records could decrease or existing recorded backlog could be stretched or deferred resulting in less than projected shipments. Reduced shipments may have a material adverse effect on operations. Giga-tronics’ markets involve rapidly changing technology and standards The market for electronics equipment is characterized by rapidly changing technology and evolving industry standards. Giga-tronics believes that its future success will depend in part upon its ability to develop and commercialize its existing products, develop new products and applications, and in part to develop, manufacture and successfully introduce new products and product lines with improved capabilities and to continue to enhance existing products. There can be no assurance that Giga-tronics will successfully complete the development of current or future products or that such products will achieve market acceptance. Liquidity Based on current levels of sales and expenses, management believes that cash and cash equivalents remain adequate to meet anticipated operating needs for the next two years. However, this estimate is based on projections that may or may not be realized, and therefore actual cash usage could be greater than projected. To operate beyond 8 that term would require the Company to earn additional cash from operations, renew or obtain a line of credit or obtain additional funds from other sources. The Company maintains a line of credit for $2,500,000, which expires June 19, 2006. The Company is in the process of negotiating a new line of credit, however, the Company does not believe that it needs the line of credit for operating purposes. Giga-tronics acquisitions may not be effectively integrated and their integration may be costly As part of its business strategy, Giga-tronics may broaden its product lines and expand its markets, in part through the acquisition of other business entities. Giga-tronics is subject to various risks in connection with any future acquisitions. Such risks include, among other things, the difficulty of assimilating the operations and personnel of the acquired companies, the potential disruption of the Company’s business, the inability of management to maximize the financial and strategic position of the Company by the successful incorporation of acquired technology and rights into its product offerings, the maintenance of uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies, and the potential loss of key employees of acquired companies. The Company has not made any acquisitions in the past seven years. No assurance can be given that any acquisition by Giga-tronics will or will not occur, that if an acquisition does occur, that it will not materially harm the Company or that any such acquisition will be successful in enhancing the Company’s business. The Company currently contemplates that future acquisitions may involve the issuance of additional shares of common stock. Any such issuance may result in dilution to all Giga-tronics shareholders, and sales of such shares in significant volume by the shareholders of acquired companies may depress the price of its common stock. Giga-tronics’ common stock price is volatile The market price of the Company’s common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations in response to variations in quarterly operating results, shortfalls in revenues or earnings from levels expected by securities analysts and other factors such as announcements of technological innovations or new products by Giga-tronics or by competitors, government regulations or developments in patent or other proprietary rights. In addition, the NASDAQ Capital Market (formerly known as the Small Cap Market) and other stock markets have experienced significant price fluctuations in recent periods. These fluctuations often have seemingly been unrelated to the operating performance of the specific companies whose stocks are traded. Broad market fluctuations, as well as general foreign and domestic economic conditions, may adversely affect the market price of the common stock. Giga-tronics stock at any time has historically traded on thin volume on NASDAQ. Sales of a significant volume of stock could result in a depression of Giga-tronics share prices. Performance problems in our products or problems arising from the use of our products together with other vendors’ products may harm our business and reputation Products as complex as ours may contain unknown and undetected defects or performance problems. For example, it is possible that a product might not comply with stipulated specifications under all circumstances. In addition, our customers generally use our products together with their own products and products from other vendors. As a result, when problems occur in a combined environment, it may be difficult to identify the source of the problem. A defect or performance problem could result in lost revenues, increased warranty costs, diversion of engineering and management time and effort, impaired customer relationships and injury to our reputation generally. To date, performance problems in our products or in other products used together with ours have not had a material adverse effect on our business. However, we cannot be certain that a material adverse impact will not occur in the future. Competition The Company’s instrument, switch, oscillator and synthesizer products compete with Agilent, Anritsu, Racal, IFR and Rohde & Schwarz. Many of these companies have substantially greater research and development, manufacturing, marketing, financial, technological, personnel and managerial resources than Giga-tronics. These resources also make these competitors better able to withstand difficult market conditions than the Company. 9 There can be no assurance that any products developed by these competitors will not gain greater market acceptance than any developed by Giga-tronics. ITEM 2. DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY As of March 25, 2006, Giga-tronics’ principal executive office and the Instrument Division marketing, sales and engineering offices and manufacturing facilities for its microwave and RF signal generator and power measurement products are located in approximately 47,300 square feet in San Ramon, California, which the Company occupies under a lease agreement expiring December 31, 2011. ASCOR’s marketing, sales and engineering offices and manufacturing facilities for its switching and connecting devices, are located in approximately 18,700 square feet in Fremont, California, under a lease that expires on June 30, 2009. Included in this lease is approximately 7,700 square feet, the use of which the Company effectively abandoned upon sale of Dymatix on March 26, 2004. The Company has an accrued loss of approximately $161,000 for future lease expense, net of estimated future sub-lease rental income. As of March 25, 2006, the Company has not sub-leased the available space. Microsource’s marketing, sales and engineering offices and manufacturing facilities for its YIG tuned oscillators, filters and microwave synthesizers are located in an approximately 33,400 square foot facility in Santa Rosa, California, which it occupies under a lease expiring May 31, 2013. The Company believes that its facilities are adequate for its business activities. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS As of March 25, 2006, the Company has no material pending legal proceedings. From time to time, Giga- tronics is involved in various disputes and litigation matters that arise in the ordinary course of business. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended March 25, 2006. Executive Officers of the Company are listed in Part III, Item 10 of this Form 10-KSB. PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS Common Stock Market Prices Giga-tronics’ common stock is traded over the counter on NASDAQ Capital Market (formerly known as the Small Cap Market) using the symbol “GIGA”. The Company’s common stock had been quoted on the NASDAQ National Market until July 22, 2004. NASDAQ informed the Company that it no longer met the National Market listing requirement of $10,000,000 in minimum shareholders’ equity. Because the Company did not expect to be able to increase its shareholders’ equity to this amount in the near term, it applied for and was accepted for quotation of its common stock on the NASDAQ Small Cap Market under the same ticker symbol “GIGA”. The number of record holders of the Company’s common stock as of March 25, 2006 was approximately 1,600. The table below shows the high and low closing bid quotations for the common stock during the indicated fiscal periods. These quotations reflect inter-dealer prices without retail mark-ups, mark-downs, or commission and may not reflect actual transactions. 10 First quarter Second quarter Third quarter Fourth quarter 2006 (3/27-6/25) (6/26-9/24) (9/25-12/24) (12/25-3/25) High $ 4.73 7.87 5.34 3.57 Low $ 3.20 3.59 2.26 2.49 2005 (3/28-6/26) (6/27-9/25) (9/26-12/25) (12/26-3/26) High $ 3.60 1.86 2.43 6.16 Low $ 1.46 1.51 1.61 2.06 Giga-tronics has not paid cash dividends in the past and has no plans to do so in the future, based upon its belief that the best use of its available capital is in the enhancement of its product position. Giga-tronics has not issued any unregistered securities or repurchased any of its securities during the past fiscal year. Equity Compensation Plan Information The following table provides information on options and other equity rights outstanding and available at March 25, 2006. Plan category Equity Compensation Plan Information Weighted average No. of securities to be exercise price of issued upon exercise of outstanding option, outstanding option, warrants and rights warrants and rights (b) (a) No. of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (c) Equity compensation plans approved by securities holders Equity compensation plans not approved by securities holders Total 438,975 n/a 438,975 $ 2.5652 n/a $ 2.5652 876,900 n/a 876,900 Selected Financial Data The following table sets forth selected financial data for the Company’s last five fiscal years. This information is derived from the Company’s audited financial statements, unless otherwise stated. This data should be read in conjunction with the financial statements, related notes, and other financial information included elsewhere in this report. 11 SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA Summary of Operations: Years Ended March 27, 2004 17,491 4,736 9,179 7 (In thousands except per share data) Net sales Gross profit Operating expenses Interest income, net Pre-tax (loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes March 25, 2006 $ 20,620 8,300 9,316 32 March 26, 2005 21,477 9,598 8,760 - $ $ $ $ March 29, 2003 20,822 6,187 10,412 60 March 30, 2002 35,363 10,432 14,030 59 (984) 849 (4,440) (4,328) (3,514) Provision (benefit) for income taxes 4 4 4 4,098 (1,983) (Loss) income from continuing operations (988) 845 (4,444) (8,426) (1,531) Income (loss) on discontinued operations, net of income taxes Net (loss) income Basic (loss) earnings per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Net (loss) earnings per share – basic Diluted (loss) earnings per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Net (loss) earnings per share – diluted Shares of common stock – basic Shares of common stock – diluted Financial Position: (In thousands except ratio) Current ratio Working capital Total assets Shareholders’ equity Percentage Data: Percent of net sales Gross profit Operating expenses Interest income, net Pre-tax (loss) income from continuing operations Income (loss) on discontinued operations, net of income taxes Net (loss) income 27 (233) (2,377) (2,336) (571) $ (961) $ 612 $ (6,821) $ (10,762) $ (2,102) $ $ $ $ 0.01 (0.21) $ 0.18 (0.05) (0.20) $ 0.13 $ $ (0.94) (0.51) (1.45) 0.01 (0.21) $ 0.18 (0.05) (0.20) $ 0.13 4,725 4,782 4,741 4,782 $ (0.94) (0.51) $ (1.45) 4,704 4,704 $ $ $ $ (1.81) $ (0.50) (2.31) $ (0.33) (0.13) (0.46) (1.81) $ (0.50) (2.31) $ 4,663 4,663 (0.33) (0.13) (0.46) 4,604 4,604 March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 March 27, 2004 March 29, 2003 March 30, 2002 5.49 $ 23,135 $ 32,880 $ 26,661 3.93 $ 8,856 $ 12,346 $ 9,098 3.50 $ 13,697 $ 21,875 $ 15,960 2.92 $ 7,997 $ 13,733 $ 9,196 4.29 $ 9,337 $ 12,961 $ 9,812 40.3 % March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 March 27, 2004 March 29, 2003 March 30, 2002 29.5 % 27.1 % 39.7 52.5 0.2 0.0 29.7 % 50.0 0.3 44.7 % 40.8 0.0 45.2 0.1 (4.8) 4.0 (25.4) (20.8) (9.9) 0.1 (1.1) (13.6) (11.2) (4.7) 2.8 (39.0) (51.7) (1.6) (5.9) 12 SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA The following is a summary of unaudited results of operations for the fiscal years ended March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005: Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) (In thousands except per share data) Net sales Gross profit Operating expenses Interest income, net Pre-tax income (loss) from continuing operations Provision for income taxes Income (loss) from continuing operations Income on discontinued operations, net of income tax Net income (loss) Basic earnings (loss) per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Net earnings (loss) per share – basic Diluted earnings (loss) per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Net earnings (loss) per share – diluted Shares of common stock – basic Shares of common stock – diluted $ $ $ $ $ $ First 5,783 2,645 2,419 5 231 4 227 6 233 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.05 4,731 4,912 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Second 3,614 1,223 2,374 9 (1,142) - (1,142) 5 (1,137) $ 2006 Third 5,537 2,334 2,317 10 27 - 27 3 30 (0.24) $ 0.00 (0.24) $ 0.01 0.00 0.01 (0.24) $ 0.00 (0.24) $ 4,778 4,778 0.01 0.00 0.01 4,809 4,917 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Fourth 5,686 2,098 2,206 8 (100) - (100) Year 20,620 8,300 9,316 32 (984) 4 (988) 13 (87) $ 27 (961) (0.02) $ 0.00 (0.02) $ (0.21) 0.01 (0.20) (0.02) $ 0.00 (0.02) $ 4,809 4,809 (0.21) 0.01 (0.20) 4,782 4,782 13 Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) (In thousands except per share data) Net sales Gross profit Operating expenses Interest income, net Pre-tax income from continuing operations Provision for income taxes Income from continuing operations Income (loss) on discontinued operations, net of income tax Net income Basic earnings (loss) per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Net earnings per share – basic Diluted earnings (loss) per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Net earnings per share – diluted Shares of common stock – basic Shares of common stock – diluted $ $ $ $ $ $ First 5,700 2,571 2,257 4 318 4 314 43 357 0.07 0.01 0.08 0.07 0.01 0.08 4,725 4,745 $ $ $ $ $ $ Second 5,379 2,329 2,180 (1) 148 - 148 (124) 24 0.03 (0.02) 0.01 0.03 (0.02) 0.01 4,725 4,732 $ $ $ $ $ $ 2005 Third 5,130 2,375 2,210 - 161 - 161 (133) 28 0.04 (0.03) 0.01 0.04 (0.03) 0.01 4,725 4,734 $ $ $ $ $ $ Fourth 5,268 2,323 2,113 (3) 222 - 222 (19) 203 0.05 (0.01) 0.04 0.05 (0.01) 0.04 4,727 4,802 $ $ $ $ $ $ Year 21,477 9,598 8,760 - 849 4 845 (233) 612 0.18 (0.05) 0.13 0.18 (0.05) 0.13 4,725 4,741 14 ITEM 6. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF OPERATION MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Overview Giga-tronics produces instruments, subsystems and sophisticated microwave components that have broad applications in both defense electronics and wireless telecommunications. In 2005, our business consisted of four operating and reporting segments: Giga-tronics Instrument Division, ASCOR, Microsource and Corporate. Our business is highly dependent on government spending in the defense electronics sector and on the wireless telecommunications market. While the Company has seen some improvement in its international defense business, domestic spending remains sporadic. The commercial business environment has shown some improvement; however, orders for the year remained flat due to delays in new product introductions. The Company continues to monitor costs, including reductions in personnel and other expenses, to more appropriately align costs with revenues. The Company’s employees have been on salary reductions over the last three years. Recently, the Company has reversed a portion of the prior salary reductions and anticipates reinstating previous salary levels contingent on the Company’s financial condition stabilizing. The Company has recently released the 2400B synthesizer (part of the 2400 family of products) during the 2006 fiscal year. These products are being accepted by the market and management believes there is significant room for growth. This release demonstrates the Company’s commitment to new product development. The three operating divisions of Giga-tronics will now take an integrated approach to research and development in key growth areas in order to expand product lines and update existing ones with new features. While the management at Microsource estimates that prospects for new orders will improve in this new fiscal year, its short-term growth will be limited as to customer delivery schedules associated with this new business. In the first quarter of 2004, Giga-tronics discontinued the operations at its Dymatix Division due to the substantial losses incurred over the previous two years. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, Giga-tronics consummated the sale of its Dymatix Division and recognized a gain of $53,000 in connection with the sale. The purchase price was $300,000. The Company received a $50,000 cash payment from the buyer and a $250,000 note receivable with $50,000 due in May 2004 and quarterly installments of $25,000 due beginning in July 2004. The Company agreed to reschedule the payment due in May 2004 to August 2004 and, to date, has not received payments due. The note was secured by collateral and in management’s opinion this collateral deteriorated during fiscal 2005. Accordingly, the Company considers the note receivable to be impaired and beginning in the second quarter of fiscal 2005 recorded a provision to reserve of $250,000 through charges to discontinued operations of $250,000 in the 2005 fiscal year. Management’s designation of the loan as impaired and the establishment of an allowance for credit losses for financial reporting purposes does not relieve the purchaser of his obligation to repay the indebtedness. Accordingly, while no assurances can be provided, the Company plans to pursue all collection options and may ultimately recover all or a portion of the amounts reserved. Results of Operations New orders by segment are as follows for the fiscal years ended: (Dollars in thousands) Instrument Division ASCOR Microsource Total New Orders 2006 $ 8,943 3,389 2,825 $15,157 % change (23%) (25%) (42%) (28%) 2005 $11,545 4,536 4,833 $20,914 % change 7% 76% 28% 22% 2004 $10,772 2,574 3,763 $17,109 15 New orders received in fiscal 2006 decreased 28% to $15,157,000 from the $20,914,000 received in fiscal 2005. New orders decreased primarily due to weakness in our commercial wireless market. New orders received in fiscal 2005 increased 22% to $20,914,000 from the $17,109,000 received in fiscal 2004. New orders increased primarily due to strength in our commercial wireless market coupled with increases in new military orders and other commercial business. Orders at the Instrument Division decreased primarily due to a decrease in commercial wireless demand for their products. Orders at ASCOR decreased primarily due to a decrease in commercial demand for their products. Orders at Microsource decreased primarily as a result of the recording of a $7.6 million long-term contract from Boeing in fiscal 2005, while during fiscal 2006, Microsource recorded only $500,000 in orders from Boeing. The $7.6 million contract from Boeing was partially offset by a renegotiation as discussed below. Increased orders from the military and their prime contractors at the Giga-tronics Instrument Division improved new orders for fiscal 2005. Orders at ASCOR increased in 2005 primarily due to increased orders from commercial customers. Orders at Microsource increased 28% primarily as a result of the recording of a $7.6 million long-term contract from Boeing, partially offset by the renegotiation of a long term contract with an existing customer as discussed below, whereby Microsource, during the second quarter, reversed its recorded backlog for deliveries beyond 12 months by $4,854,000. The following table shows order backlog and related information at fiscal year end: (Dollars in thousands) Backlog of unfilled orders Backlog of unfilled orders shippable within one year Previous fiscal year end (FYE) one-year backlog reclassified during year as shippable later than one year Net cancellations during year of previous FYE one-year backlog 2006 $10,329 % change (35%) 2005 $15,792 % change (3%) 2004 $16,355 5,863 (28%) 8,161 9% 7,473 2,439 79% 1,364 (24%) 1,804 - - 25 (49%) 49 The decrease in backlog at year-end 2006 of 35% was primarily due to weak order levels. The backlog at year-end 2005 declined 3%. This decline is primarily a result of the following reversal coupled with increased shipments from backlog offset by the $7.6 million long-term contract from Boeing. During July 2004, Microsource renegotiated a long-term contract with an existing customer. As a result, during the second fiscal quarter, the customer’s firm purchase commitment quantities were significantly reduced and management reversed its recorded backlog for deliveries beyond 12 months by approximately $4,854,000. The allocation of net sales was as follows for fiscal years shown: (Dollars in thousands) Commercial Government/defense Allocation of Net Sales 2006 % change (13%) 10% $11,657 8,963 2005 % change 23% 22% $13,336 8,141 2004 $10,816 6,675 16 The allocation of net sales by segment was as follows for fiscal years shown: (Dollars in thousands) Instrument Division Commercial Government/defense ASCOR Commercial Government/defense Microsource Commercial Government/defense Allocation of Net Sales by Segment 2006 % change 2005 % change 2004 $7,319 2,309 (10%) (46%) $8,170 4,279 26% 104% $6,478 2,095 659 3,900 (73%) 186% 2,455 1,366 64% (33%) 3,679 2,754 36% 10% 2,711 2,496 (3%) (4%) 1,500 2,024 2,838 2,556 Fiscal 2006 net sales were $20,620,000, a 4% decrease from the $21,477,000 of net sales in 2005. The decrease in sales was primarily due to weakness in our commercial wireless market, partially offset by improved military deliveries. Sales at the Giga-tronics Instrument Division decreased 23% or $2,821,000. ASCOR sales increased 19% or $738,000. Sales at Microsource increased 24% or $1,226,000. Fiscal 2005 net sales were $21,477,000, a 23% increase from the $17,491,000 of net sales in 2004. The increase in sales was primarily due to improvement in our commercial wireless market coupled with increases in new military orders and other commercial business. Sales at the Giga-tronics Instrument Division increased 45% or $3,876,000. ASCOR sales increased 8% or $297,000. Sales at Microsource decreased 3% or $187,000. Cost of sales was as follows for the fiscal years shown: Cost of Sales (Dollars in thousands) Cost of sales 2006 $12,320 % change 4% 2005 $11,879 % change (7%) 2004 $12,755 For fiscal 2006, cost of sales increased 4% to $12,320,000 from $11,879,000 in fiscal 2005. The increase is primarily attributable to higher material content of products delivered, partially offset by lower shipments. For fiscal 2005, cost of sales decreased 7% to $11,879,000 from $12,755,000 in fiscal 2004. The decrease was primarily attributable to decreased material content of products shipped. Operating expenses were as follows for the fiscal years shown: (Dollars in thousands) Product development Selling, general and administrative Total operating expenses Operating Expenses % change 2006 12% $3,760 3% 5,556 6% $9,316 2005 $3,370 5,390 $8,760 % change (11%) - (5%) 2004 $3,766 5,413 $9,179 Operating expenses increased 6% or $556,000 in fiscal 2006 over 2005 due to increases of $390,000 in product development expenses and increases of $166,000 in selling, general and administrative expenses. Product development costs increased 12% or $390,000 in fiscal 2006 primarily due to increased research and development designed to expand product lines and update existing lines company-wide. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 3% or $166,000 in fiscal year 2006 compared to the prior year. The increase is a result of higher administrative expenses of $207,000, offset by lower marketing expenses of $25,000, coupled with lower commission expenses of $16,000. Interest income in 2006 increased from 2005 due to more cash available for investment and higher interest rates. 17 Operating expenses decreased 5% or $419,000 in fiscal 2005 over 2004 due to decreases of $396,000 in product development expenses and decreases of $23,000 in selling, general and administrative expenses. Product development costs decreased 11% or $396,000 in fiscal 2005 primarily due to decreased product development expenses company wide on personnel cost reductions and a more streamlined product development focus. Selling, general and administrative expenses remained flat for fiscal year 2005 compared to the prior year. The decrease is a result of $136,000 less in marketing expenses, coupled with $97,000 less in administrative expenses, offset by higher commission expense of $210,000. These expense reductions were primarily personnel reductions and rent reductions due to renegotiated lease terms. The higher commission expense was a direct result of increased sales in fiscal 2005. Interest income in 2005 decreased from 2004 due to less cash available for investment and lower interest rates. Giga-tronics recorded a net loss of $961,000 or $0.20 per fully diluted share for fiscal 2006 versus a net profit of $612,000 or $0.13 per fully diluted share in fiscal 2005. The loss in fiscal 2006 versus the profit in fiscal 2005 was attributable to lower revenue and increased material content and product development in fiscal 2006. Giga-tronics recorded a net profit of $612,000 or $0.13 per fully diluted share for the fiscal year 2005 versus a net loss of $6,821,000 or $1.45 per fully diluted share in 2004. The loss in 2004 versus the profit in 2005 was attributable to higher revenue in 2005 coupled with the full year effect of cost reductions initiated in fiscal 2004. Critical Accounting Policies The Company’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and the results of operations are based upon the consolidated financial statements included in this report and the data used to prepare them. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and we are required to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions in the course of such preparation. The Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included with the consolidated financial statements describe the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. On an ongoing basis, the Company reevaluates its judgments, estimates, and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, product warranties, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventories, and valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. The Company bases its judgment and estimates on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions, and its beliefs of what could occur in the future considering available information. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management of Giga-tronics has identified the following as the Company’s critical accounting policies: Revenues Revenues are recognized when there is evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. This generally occurs when products are shipped and the risk of loss has passed. Revenue related to products shipped subject to customers' evaluation is recognized upon final acceptance. Product Warranties The Company’s warranty policy generally provides four years for the 2400 family of Microwave Synthesizers and one year for all other products. The Company records a liability for estimated warranty obligations at the date products are sold. The estimated cost of warranty coverage is based on the Company’s actual historical experience with its current products or similar products. For new products, the required reserve is based on historical experience of similar products until such time as sufficient historical data has been collected on the new product. Adjustments are made as new information becomes available. 18 Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are stated at their net realizable value. The Company has estimated an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on analysis of specifically identified problem accounts, outstanding receivables, consideration of the age of those receivables, and the Company's historical collection experience. Inventory Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company periodically reviews inventory on hand to identify and write down excess and obsolete inventory based on estimated product demand. Deferred Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Future tax benefits are subject to a valuation allowance when management is unable to conclude that its deferred tax assets will more likely than not be realized from the results of operations. The Company has recorded a valuation allowance to reflect the estimated amount of deferred tax assets that may not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on the historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets become deductible, management believes it more likely than not that the Company will not realize benefits of these deductible differences as of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005. Management has, therefore, established a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets as of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005. Product Development Costs The Company incurs pre-production costs on certain long-term supply arrangements. The costs, which represent non-recurring engineering and tooling costs, are capitalized as other assets and amortized over their useful life when reimbursable by the customer. All other pre-production and product development costs are expensed as incurred. Financial Condition and Liquidity As of March 25, 2006 Giga-tronics had $3,412,000 in cash and cash equivalents, compared to $2,540,000 as of March 26, 2005. Working capital for the 2006 fiscal year end was $8,856,000 compared to $9,337,000 in 2005 and $7,997,000 in 2004. The decrease in working capital in 2006 from 2005 was primarily due to the operating loss in the year partially offset by depreciation expense that is included in the net loss. The increase in working capital in 2005 from 2004 was attributed to operating income in the year coupled with the net change in operating assets and liabilities. The Company’s current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) at March 25, 2006 was 3.9 compared to 4.3 on March 26, 2005 and 2.9 on March 27, 2004. At March 25, 2006, the reduction in this ratio was primarily the result of decreases in net inventories and partially offset by the increases in cash and accounts receivable. At March 26, 2005, the improvement in this ratio was primarily the result of the increase in trade receivables partially offset by the decrease in inventories and the decrease in accounts payable. 19 Cash provided by operations was $756,000 in 2006. Cash used by operations amounted to $237,000 in 2005 and $2,326,000 in 2004. Cash provided by operations in 2006 was primarily attributed to an increase in customer advances and the decrease in inventories, partially offset by the operating loss in the year. Cash used by operations in 2005 was primarily attributed to the increase in trade accounts receivable and the decrease in accounts payable, partially offset by the decrease in inventories. Cash used by operations in 2004 was primarily attributed to the operating loss in the year and a decrease in customer advances offset by depreciation and amortization expenses that are non-cash items and decreases in net accounts receivable and net inventories. Additions to property and equipment were $115,000 in 2006 compared to $185,000 in 2005 and $18,000 in 2004. The reduction in capital equipment spending in fiscal 2006 reflected the overall decline in business activity. The increase in capital equipment spending in fiscal 2005 reflected the overall improvement in business activity. Other cash inflows in 2006 and 2005 consisted of $247,000 and $4,000 respectively, from the sale of common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options. The Company leases various facilities under operating leases that expire through May 2013. Total future minimum lease payments under these leases amount to approximately $8,430,000 as follows: Fiscal years (in thousands) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Thereafter $ $ 1,090 1,217 1,227 1,036 971 2,889 8,430 The Company is committed to purchase certain inventory under non-cancelable purchase orders. As of March 25, 2006, total non-cancelable purchase orders were approximately $585,000 through fiscal 2007 and $40,000 beyond fiscal 2007 and were scheduled to be delivered to the Company at various dates through March 2011. Contractual Obligations The following table discloses the amounts of payments due under certain contractual obligations in the specified time periods. (In thousands) Operating leases Purchase obligations Total contractual obligations Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements Under one year One to three years Three to five years More than five years $1,090 585 $2,340 $2,444 38 $1,758 $2,007 2 $1,003 $2,889 - $1,052 The Company has no other off-balance-sheet arrangements (including standby letters of credit, guaranties, contingent interests in transferred assets, contingent obligations indexed to its own stock or any obligation arising out of a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides credit or other support to the Company), that have or are likely to have a material effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue, expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. Management believes that the Company has adequate resources to meet its anticipated operating and capital expenditure needs for the foreseeable future. Giga-tronics intends to maintain research and development expenditures for the purpose of broadening its product base. From time to time, Giga-tronics considers a variety of acquisition opportunities to also broaden its product lines and expand its markets. Such acquisition activity could also increase the Company’s operating expenses and require the additional use of capital resources. 20 Recently Issued Accounting Standards In December 2004 the FASB issued Statement Number 123 (revised 2004) (“FAS 123 (R)”), Share-Based Payments. FAS 123 (R) requires all entities to recognize compensation expense in an amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments, such as stock options, granted to employees. The Company is required to apply FAS 123 (R) on a modified prospective method. Under this method, the Company is required to record compensation expense (as previous awards continue to vest) for the unvested portion of previously granted awards that remain outstanding at the date of adoption. In addition, the Company may elect to adopt FAS 123 (R) by restating previously issued financial statements, basing the expense on that previously reported in their pro forma disclosures required by FAS 123. In April 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission adopted a rule that defers the compliance of 123 (R) from the first reporting period beginning after June 15, 2005 to the first fiscal year beginning after June 15, 2005, March 26, 2006 for the Company. Management has not completed its evaluation of the effect that FAS 123 (R) will have, but believes that the effect will be consistent with its previous pro forma disclosures. In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs (FAS 151). FAS 151 requires that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and spoilage be recognized as current-period charges. Further, FAS 151 requires the allocation of fixed production overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. Unallocated overheads must be recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. FAS 151 is effective for inventory costs incurred beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2007. We are currently evaluating the effect of FAS 151 on our financial statements and related disclosures. Recent Accounting Pronouncements On November 10, 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 123R-3 Transition Election Related to Accounting for Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards (“FSP 123R-3”). The alternative transition method includes simplified methods to establish the beginning balance of the additional paid-in capital pool (“APIC pool”) related to the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation, and to determine the subsequent impact on the APIC pool and consolidated statements of cash flows of the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation awards that are outstanding upon adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share Based Payment. (SFAS 123R”). The Company is currently evaluating the available transition alternatives of FSP 123R-3. The Company does not believe the adoption of this FSP 123R-3 will have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 21 ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES Financial Statements Consolidated Balance Sheets - As of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 Consolidated Statements of Operations - Years Ended March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity - Years Ended March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years Ended March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Form 10-KSB (Page No.) 23 24 25 26 27 - 36 37 22 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands except share data) Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents Notes receivable, net of allowance of $250 and $250, respectively Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance of $63 and $77, respectively Inventories Prepaid expenses and other assets Total current assets $ 3 3,435 4,813 219 11,882 March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 3,412 $ 2,540 Property and equipment Leasehold improvements Machinery and equipment Office furniture and fixtures Property and equipment Less accumulated depreciation and amortization Property and equipment, net Other assets Total assets Liabilities and shareholders’ equity Current liabilities Accounts payable Accrued commissions Accrued payroll and benefits Accrued warranty Customer advances Other current liabilities Total current liabilities Deferred rent Total liabilities Shareholders’ equity Preferred stock of no par value Authorized 1,000,000 shares; no shares outstanding at March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 Common stock of no par value; Authorized 40,000,000 shares; 4,809,021 shares at March 25, 2006 and 4,728,646 shares at March 26, 2005 issued and outstanding Accumulated deficit Total shareholders’ equity Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 7 3,145 6,257 227 12,176 373 15,786 721 16,880 16,206 674 111 12,961 1,075 200 720 378 2 464 2,839 310 3,149 $ $ 373 15,592 723 16,688 16,351 337 127 12,346 870 171 781 250 521 433 3,026 222 3,248 $ $ - - 13,003 (3,905) 9,098 12,346 $ 12,756 (2,944) 9,812 12,961 $ See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 23 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands except per share data) Net sales Cost of sales Gross profit Product development Selling, general and administrative Operating expenses Operating (loss) income from continuing operations Other income, net (Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes Provision for income taxes (Loss) income from continuing operations Income (loss) on discontinued operations, net of income taxes of nil for 2006 and 2005 Net (loss) income Basic net (loss) earnings per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Basic net (loss) income per share Diluted net (loss) earnings per share: From continuing operations On discontinued operations Diluted net (loss) income per share Shares used in per share calculation: Basic Diluted Years Ended March 25, 2006 20,620 $ 12,320 8,300 March 26, 2005 21,477 $ 11,879 9,598 3,760 5,556 9,316 (1,016) 32 (984) 4 (988) 27 (961) $ (0.21) $ 0.01 (0.20) $ (0.21) $ 0.01 (0.20) $ 4,782 4,782 3,370 5,390 8,760 838 11 849 4 845 (233) 612 0.18 (0.05) 0.13 0.18 (0.05) 0.13 4,725 4,741 $ $ $ $ $ See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 24 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (In thousands except share data) Balance at March 27, 2004 Comprehensive income – net Net income Stock issuance under stock option and employee stock purchase plans Balance at March 26, 2005 Comprehensive loss – net Net loss Stock issuance under stock option and employee stock purchase plans Common Stock Shares 4,724,896 Amount $ 12,752 Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) (3,556) $ $ - 3,750 - 4 612 - Total 9,196 612 4 4,728,646 12,756 (2,944) 9,812 - 80,375 - 247 (961) - (961) 247 Balance at March 25, 2006 4,809,021 $ 13,003 $ (3,905) $ 9,098 See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 25 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands) Cash flows from operations: Net (loss) income Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operations: Net provision for doubtful accounts and note receivable Depreciation and amortization Loss on sales of fixed assets Deferred rent Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Notes receivable Trade accounts receivable Inventories Prepaid expenses and other current assets Accounts payable Accrued commissions Accrued payroll and benefits Accrued warranty Other current liabilities Customer advances Net cash provided by (used in) operations Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment Other assets Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Issuance of common stock Payments on capital leases Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Beginning cash and cash equivalents Ending cash and cash equivalents Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information: Cash paid for income taxes Cash paid for interest Years Ended March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 $ (961) $ 612 (14) 452 - (88) 4 (276) 1,444 8 (205) (29) 61 (128) (31) 519 756 (115) (16) (131) 247 - 247 872 2,540 3,412 4 - $ $ (12) 758 4 (69) (4) (924) 663 44 (611) (93) (169) (170) (210) (56) (237) (185) 216 31 4 (10) (6) (212) 2,752 2,540 4 - $ $ See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 26 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (In thousands, except per share data) 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The Company The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Giga-tronics and its wholly owned subsidiaries. The Company’s corporate office and manufacturing facilities are located in Northern California. Giga-tronics and its subsidiary companies design, manufacture and market a broad line of test and measurement equipment used in the development, test, and maintenance of wireless communications products and systems, flight navigational equipment, electronic defense systems, and automatic testing systems. The Company also manufactures and markets a line of test, measurement, and handling equipment used in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices. The Company’s products are sold worldwide to customers in the test and measurement and semiconductor industries. The Company currently has no foreign-based operations or material amounts of identifiable assets in foreign countries. Its gross margins on foreign and domestic sales are similar, and all non- U.S. sales are made in U.S. dollars. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Giga-tronics and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that effect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Fiscal Year The Company’s financial reporting year consists of either a 52 week or 53 week period ending on the last Saturday of the month of March. Fiscal years 2006 and 2005 each contained 52 weeks. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications, none of which affected net income (loss), have been made to prior year balances in order to conform to the current year presentation. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recorded when there is evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. This occurs when products are shipped, unless the arrangement involves acceptance terms. If the arrangement involves acceptance terms, the Company defers revenue until product acceptance is received. Further, sales made to distributors do not include price protection or product return rights, except for product defects covered under warranty arrangements. The Company has no other post-shipment obligations. The Company reports freight costs paid for shipments to customers as cost of sales. The Company has estimated an allowance for un-collectable accounts based on analysis of specifically identified problem accounts, outstanding receivables, consideration of the age of those receivables and the Company’s historical collection experience. The activity in the reserve account is as follows: (In thousands) Beginning balance Provision for doubtful accounts Recoveries of doubtful accounts Write-off of doubtful accounts Ending balance March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 $ $ 77 20 - (34) 63 $ $ 339 (5) - (257) 77 27 Accrued Warranty The Company’s warranty policy generally provides four years for the 2400 family of Microwave Synthesizers and one year for all other products. The company records a liability for estimated warranty obligations at the date products are sold. The estimated cost of warranty coverage is based on the Company’s actual historical experience with its current products or similar products. For new products, the required reserve is based on historical experience of similar products until such time as sufficient historical data has been collected on the new product. Adjustments are made as new information becomes available. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight- line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which range from three to ten years for machinery and equipment and office fixtures. Leasehold improvements and assets acquired under capital leases are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the respective assets or the lease term. The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the sum of its expected future cash flows on an undiscounted basis, the asset’s carrying amount would be written down to fair value. Additionally, the Company reports long-lived assets to be disposed of at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. As of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005, management believes that there has been no impairment of the Company’s long-lived assets. Deferred Rent Rent expense is recognized in an amount equal to the minimum guaranteed base rent plus future rental increases amortized on the straight-line basis over the terms of the leases, including free rent periods. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Future tax benefits are subject to a valuation allowance when management is unable to conclude that its deferred tax assets will more likely than not be realized from the results of operations. Product Development Costs The Company incurs pre-production costs on certain long-term supply arrangements. The costs, which represent non-recurring engineering and tooling costs, are capitalized as other assets and amortized over their useful life when reimbursable by the customer. All other product development costs are charged to operations as incurred. Included in other assets as of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 were capitalized pre-production costs of $5 and $115, respectively. Software Development Costs Development costs included in the research and development of new products and enhancements to existing products are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility in the form of a working model has been established. To date, completion of software development has been concurrent with the establishment of technological feasibility, and accordingly, no costs have been capitalized. Stock-based Compensation During the first quarter of fiscal year 2004, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) No. 148 (“FAS 148”), Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure – an Amendment of FAS 123. The Company accounts for stock-based employee compensation using the intrinsic value method under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 (“APB 25”), Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations and complies with the disclosure provisions of FAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. The following table illustrates the effect on net (loss) income and (loss) earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of FAS 123 to stock-based employee compensation: 28 (In thousands except per share data) Net (loss) income, as reported Deduct: Years Ended March 25, 2006 $ (961) $ March 26, 2005 612 Stock-based compensation expense included in reported net (loss) income --- --- Add: Total stock-based employee compensation determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of income tax expense Pro forma net (loss) income Net (loss) earnings per share – Basic: As reported Pro forma Net (loss) earnings per share – Diluted: As reported Pro forma $ $ (123) (1,084) $ (233) 379 (0.20) $ (0.23) 0.13 0.08 (0.20) (0.23) 0.13 0.08 For purposes of computing pro-forma consolidated net (loss) income, the fair value of each option grant and Employee Stock Purchase Plan purchase right is estimated on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions used to value the option grants and purchase rights are stated below: Years Ended March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 Expected life of options Expected life of purchase rights Annualized volatility Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 4 years 6 mos 79% 3.77% to 4.72% Zero 4 years 6 mos 119% 3.71% to 4.17% Zero Discontinued Operations In the first quarter of 2004, Giga-tronics discontinued the operations at its Dymatix Division due to the substantial losses incurred over the previous two years. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, Giga-tronics consummated the sale of its Dymatix Division and recognized a gain of $53 in connection with the sale. The sales price was $300. The Company received a $50 cash payment from the buyer and a $250 note receivable with $50 due in May 2004 and quarterly installments of $25 due beginning in July 2004. The Company agreed to reschedule the payment due in May 2004 to August 2004 and, to date, has not received payments due. The note was secured by collateral and in management’s opinion this collateral deteriorated during the year. Accordingly, the Company considers the note receivable to be impaired and has recorded a provision of loss of $250 through discontinued operations in the 2005 fiscal year. During 2005, the Company recorded additional $60 in expenses for discontinued operations associated with the partial abandonment of the leased Fremont facilities. Included in this lease is 7,727 square feet the use of which the Company effectively abandoned upon sale of Dymatix on March 26, 2004. The Company has increased the estimated time to market these facilities to a sub- tenant. As of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005, the Company has an accrued loss of $161 and $174, respectively, net of future estimated sub-lease rental income, for future lease expense. Income (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share incorporate the incremental shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of stock options using the treasury method. Antidilutive options are not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share. Comprehensive Income (Loss) There are no items of other comprehensive income (loss), other than net income (loss). Financial Instruments and Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. The Company’s cash equivalents consist principally of overnight deposits and money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents are 29 held in recognized depository institutions. At March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005, the Company had deposits in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has not incurred losses on these deposits to date and does not expect to incur any losses based on the credit ratings of the financial institutions. Concentration of credit risk in trade accounts receivable results primarily from sales to major customers. The Company individually evaluates the creditworthiness of its customers and generally does not require collateral or other security. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying amount for the Company’s cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and accounts payable approximates fair market value because of the short maturity of these financial instruments. Recently Issued Accounting Standards In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement Number 123 (revised 2004) (“FAS 123 (R)”), Share-Based Payments. FAS 123 (R) requires all entities to recognize compensation expense in an amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments, such as stock options, granted to employees. The Company is required to apply FAS 123 (R) on a modified prospective method. Under this method, the Company is required to record compensation expense (as previous awards continue to vest) for the unvested portion of previously granted awards that remain outstanding at the date of adoption. In addition, the Company may elect to adopt FAS 123 (R) by restating previously issued financial statements, basing the expense on that previously reported in their pro forma disclosures required by FAS 123. In April 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission adopted a rule that defers the compliance of 123 (R) from the first reporting period beginning after June 15, 2005 to the first fiscal year beginning after June 15, 2005, March 25, 2006 for the Company. Management has not completed its evaluation of the effect that FAS 123 (R) will have, but believes that the effect will be consistent with its previous pro forma disclosures. In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs (SFAS 151). SFAS 151 requires that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and spoilage be recognized as current-period charges. Further, SFAS 151 requires the allocation of fixed production overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. Unallocated overheads must be recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. SFAS 151 is effective for inventory costs incurred beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2007. Management is currently evaluating the effect of SFAS 151 on the financial statements and related disclosures. Recent Accounting Pronouncements On November 10, 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 123R-3 Transition Election Related to Accounting for Tax Effects of Share- Based Payment Awards (“FSP 123R-3”). The alternative transition method includes simplified methods to establish the beginning balance of the additional paid-in capital pool (“APIC pool”) related to the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation, and to determine the subsequent impact on the APIC pool and consolidated statements of cash flows of the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation awards that are outstanding upon adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share Based Payment. (SFAS 123R”). The Company is currently evaluating the available transition alternatives of FSP 123R-3. The Company does not believe the adoption of this FSP 123R-3 will have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 2 Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents of $2,092 and $1,320 at March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 respectively, consist of overnight deposits and money market funds. 30 3 Inventories Inventories consist of the following: (In thousands) Raw materials Work-in-progress Finished goods Demonstration inventory March 25, 2006 3,025 $ 1,309 246 233 4,813 $ March 26, 2005 3,702 $ 1,925 393 237 6,257 $ 4 Selling Expenses Selling expenses consist primarily of commissions paid to various marketing agencies. Commission expense totaled $1,228 and $1,244 for fiscal 2006 and 2005, respectively. Advertising costs, which are expensed as incurred, totaled $38 and $92 for fiscal 2006 and 2005, respectively. 5 Significant Customers and Industry Segment Information The Company has four reportable segments: Giga-tronics Instrument Division, ASCOR, Microsource, and Corporate. Giga-tronics Instrument Division produces a broad line of test and measurement equipment used in the development, test and maintenance of wireless communications products and systems, flight navigational equipment, electronic defense systems and automatic testing systems. ASCOR designs, manufactures, and markets a line of switching devices that link together many specific purpose instruments that comprise automatic test systems. Microsource develops and manufactures a broad line of Yittrium, Iron and Garnet (YIG) tuned oscillators, filters and microwave synthesizers, which are used in a wide variety of microwave instruments or devices. Corporate handles the financing needs of each segment and lends funds to each segment as required. The accounting policies for the segments are the same as those described in the "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies." The Company evaluates the performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on earnings before income taxes. Segment net sales include sales to external customers. Segment pre-tax income (loss) includes an allocation for corporate expenses, and interest expense on borrowings from Corporate. Corporate expenses are allocated to the reportable segments based principally on full time equivalent headcount. Interest expense is charged at approximately prime, which is currently 7.50%. Inter-segment activities are eliminated in consolidation. Assets include accounts receivable, inventories, equipment, cash, deferred income taxes, prepaid expenses and other long-term assets. The Company accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers at terms that allow a reasonable profit to the seller. During the periods reported there were no significant inter- segment sales or transfers. The Company's reportable operating segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services. They are managed separately because each business utilizes different technology and requires different marketing strategies. All of the businesses except for Giga-tronics Instrument Division were acquired. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is considered to be the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The CEO reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis accompanied by disaggregated information about revenues and pre-tax income by operating segment. The tables below present information for the fiscal years ended in 2006 and 2005. MARCH 25, 2006 (In thousands): Revenue Interest income Interest expense Depreciation and amortization (Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes Assets Instrument Division $ 9,628 8 (258) 280 ASCOR $ 4,559 3 (40) 38 Microsource $ 6,433 11 (806) 134 Corporate $ - 1,116 (2) - Total $ 20,620 1,138 (1,106) 452 (1,092) 4,417 (350) 2,262 (639) 4,950 1,097 717 (984) 12,346 31 MARCH 26, 2005 (In thousands): Revenue Interest income Interest expense Depreciation and amortization Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes Assets Instrument Division $ 12,449 3 (226) 432 791 5,328 ASCOR $ 3,821 2 (27) 58 (105) 2,427 Microsource $ 5,207 - (645) 268 Corporate $ - 903 (10) - Total $ 21,477 908 (908) 758 (1,003) 4,449 1,166 757 849 12,961 The Company’s Giga-tronics Instrument Division, ASCOR, and Microsource segments sell to agencies of the U.S. government and U.S. defense-related customers. In fiscal 2006 and 2005, U.S. government and U.S. defense-related customers accounted for 27% and 34% of sales, respectively. During fiscal 2006, an electronic instrument manufacturer accounted for 16% of the Company’s consolidated revenues and 15% of accounts receivable at March 25, 2006. During fiscal 2005, this electronic instrument manufacturer accounted for 9% of the Company’s consolidated revenues and 19% of accounts receivables at March 26, 2005. Export sales accounted for 44% and 29% of the Company’s sales in fiscal 2006 and 2005, respectively. Export sales by geographical area are shown below: (In thousands) Americas Europe Asia Rest of world March 25, 2006 104 $ 4,191 1,950 2,826 9,071 $ March 26, 2005 225 $ 2,473 1,935 1,488 6,121 $ 6 Earnings (loss) per Share Net (loss) income and shares used in per share computations for the years ended March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 are as follows: (In thousands except per share data) Net (loss) income Weighted average: Common shares outstanding Potential common shares Common shares assuming dilution Net (loss) earnings per share of common stock Net (loss) earnings per share of common stock assuming dilution Stock options not included in computation March 25, 2006 $ (961) March 26, 2005 612 $ 4,782 - 4,782 (0.20) (0.20) 439 4,725 16 4,741 0.13 0.13 575 $ $ $ $ The number of stock options not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share (EPS) for the period ended March 25, 2006 is a result of the Company’s loss from continuing operations and, therefore, all of the options are antidilutive. The number of stock options not included in the computation of diluted EPS for the period ended March 26, 2005 reflects stock options where the exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares and are, therefore, antidilutive. 32 7 Income Taxes Following are the components of the provision for income taxes: Years ended (in thousands) Current Federal State Deferred Federal State March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 $ - $ 4 4 - - 4 4 - - - - - Provision for income taxes $ 4 $ 4 The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: Years ended (in thousands) Current tax assets, net Noncurrent tax assets, net Future state tax effect Allowance for doubtful accounts Fixed assets depreciation Inventory reserves and additional costs capitalized Accrued vacation Accrued warranty Other accrued liabilities Deferred rent Net operating loss carryforwards Income tax credits Valuation allowances March 25, 2006 - - - (597) 27 151 2,515 133 107 155 159 14,083 2,293 (19,026) - $ $ $ $ March 26, 2005 - - - (730) 33 84 2,635 115 162 161 132 13,919 2,366 (18,877) - $ $ $ $ The effective income tax expense differs from the amount computed by multiplying the statutory federal income tax by the income before income tax expense due to the following: Years ended (In thousands except percentages) Statutory federal income tax expense (benefit) Valuation allowance Net operating loss generated from dissolution of subsidiaries Expiration of net operating losses State income tax, net of federal benefit Non-tax deductible expenses Income tax credits Other Effective income tax expense March 25, 2006 March 26, 2005 $ (335) 149 (34.0)% 15.2 $ 209 2,437 34.0% 395.6 - 437 (57) 3 (142) (51) $ 4 - 44.5 (5.8) .3 (14.4) (5.2) .4% (2,947) 406 36 - (218) 81 $ 4 (478.4) 65.9 5.8 - (35.4) 13.2 .7% 33 The change in valuation allowance from March 26, 2005 to March 25, 2006 was $149. The change in valuation allowance from March 27, 2004 to March 26, 2005 was $2,437. As of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005, the Company had pre-tax federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of $38,182 and $18,863 and $37,854 and $18,061, respectively, available to reduce future taxable income. The federal and state net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire from fiscal 2007 through 2026 and from fiscal 2007 through 2016, respectively. $14,665 and $1,310 of federal and state net operating loss carryforwards are subject to an annual IRC 382 limitation of approximately $100. At March 25, 2006, the accumulated IRC 382 losses available for use are approximately $559. The federal and state income tax credits begin to expire from fiscal 2020 through 2025 and from fiscal 2009 through 2010, respectively. Utilization of net operating loss carryforwards may be subject to annual limitations due to certain ownership change limitations as required by Internal Revenue Code Section 382. During 2004, the Company liquidated two subsidiaries, Ultracision and Viking, in connection with the sale of its Dymatix Division, resulting in additional pre-tax net operating losses of $7,400. The Company has recorded a valuation allowance to reflect the estimated amount of deferred tax assets, which may not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on the historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets become deductible, management believes it more likely than not that the Company will realize benefits of these deductible differences as of March 26, 2006. 8 Stock Options and Employee Benefit Plans Stock Option Plans The Company established a 1990 Stock Option Plan which provided for the granting of options for up to 700,000 shares of common stock. The Company established the 2000 Stock Option Plan, which provides for the granting of options for up to 700,000 shares of common stock at 100% of fair market value at the date of grant, with each grant requiring approval by the Board of Directors of the Company. Options granted vest in one or more installments, ranging from 2002 to 2009 and must be exercised while the grantee is employed by the Company or within a certain period after termination of employment. Options granted to employees shall not have terms in excess of 10 years from the grant date. Holders of options may be granted stock appreciation rights, (SAR) which entitle them to surrender outstanding options for a cash distribution under certain changes in ownership of the Company, as defined in the stock option plan. As of March 25, 2006, no SAR’s have been granted under the option plan. As of March 25, 2006, the total number of shares of common stock available for issuance is 176,900 under the 1990 and 2000 stock option plans. All outstanding options have a term of five years. Following is a summary of stock option activity: Outstanding as of March 27, 2004 Exercised Forfeited Granted Options Exercisable 168,926 Outstanding as of March 26, 2005 239,013 Exercised Forfeited Granted Outstanding as of March 25, 2006 203,475 Total Options Outstanding 556,100 (3,750) (84,250) 180,000 648,100 (80,375) (128,750) - 438,975 Weighted Average Fair Value $ 3.382 1.220 4.028 2.584 $ 3.089 3.074 4.884 - $ 2.565 34 Following is a summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable: Options Outstanding and Exercisable as of March 25, 2006, by Price Range Weighted Average Weighted Number Weighted Total Options Remaining Average of Options Average Range of Exercise Prices Outstanding Contractual Life Exercise Price Exercisable Exercise Price 1.71 2.56 4.93 2.76 From $1.22 to $1.96 From $2.29 to $3.11 From $4.87 to $5.18 From $1.22 to $5.18 55,250 358,725 25,000 438,975 2.24 2.91 .18 2.67 1.83 2.51 4.93 2.57 156,725 25,000 203,475 $ 21,750 $ $ $ Employee Stock Purchase Plan Under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the Purchase Plan), employees meeting specific employment qualifications are eligible to participate and can purchase shares semi- annually through payroll deductions at the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the stock at the commencement or end of the offering period. The Purchase Plan permits eligible employees to purchase common stock through payroll deductions for up to 10% of qualified compensation. As of March 25, 2006, 56,631 shares remain available for issuance under the Purchase Plan. There were no purchase rights granted in fiscal 2006 and 2005. 401(k) Plans The Company has established 401(k) plans which cover substantially all employees. Participants may make voluntary contributions to the plans up to 20% of their defined compensation. The Company is required to match a percentage of the participants’ contributions in accordance with the plan. Participants vest ratably in Company contributions over a four-year period. Company contributions to the plans for fiscal 2006 and 2005 were approximately $24 and $25, respectively. 9 Commitments The Company leases a 47,397 square foot facility located in San Ramon, California, under a twelve-year lease that commenced in April 1994 and was amended in July 2005. The Company leases a 33,439 square foot facility located in Santa Rosa, California, under a twenty-year lease that commenced in July 1993 and was amended in April 2003. The amendment resulted in a reduction of lease space and monthly lease costs. The Company leases an 18,756 square foot facility located in Fremont, California, under a ten-year lease that commenced in July 1999 and was amended in May 2003. The amendment resulted in a reduction of lease space and monthly lease costs. Included in this lease is 7,727 square feet the use of which the Company effectively abandoned upon sale of Dymatix on March 26, 2004. As of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005, the Company has an accrued loss of $161 and $174, respectively, net of future estimated sub-lease rental income, for future lease expense. These facilities accommodate all of the Company’s present operations. The Company also has acquired equipment under capital and leases other equipment under operating leases. The future minimum lease payments for operating equipment and facility leases are shown below: Fiscal years (in thousands) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Thereafter $ $ 1,090 1,217 1,227 1,036 971 2,889 8,430 The aggregate rental expense was $1,335 and $1,262 in fiscal 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company is committed to purchase certain inventory under non-cancelable purchase orders. As of March 25, 2006, total non-cancelable purchase orders were approximately $585 through fiscal 2007 and $40 beyond fiscal 2007 and were scheduled to be delivered to the Company at various dates through March 2011. 35 10 Warranty Obligations The Company records a liability for estimated warranty obligations at the date products are sold. Adjustments are made as new information becomes available. The following provides a reconciliation of changes in the Company’s warranty reserve. The Company provides no other guarantees. (In thousands) Balance at beginning of year Provision for current year sales Warranty costs incurred Balance at end of year 11 Line of Credit $ March 25, 2006 378 159 (287) 250 $ March 26, 2005 548 $ 122 (292) 378 $ On June 20, 2005, the Company executed a commitment letter with a financial institution for a secured revolving line of credit for $2,500. The maximum amount that can be borrowed is limited to 80% of trade receivables, plus 25% of raw material and finished goods inventory up to $500. Interest is payable at prime plus 1%. The Company is required to comply with certain financial covenants under the arrangement. As of March 25, 2006, this credit line has not been utilized by the Company. It expires June 19, 2006. The Company is in compliance with the covenants relating to the line of credit as of March 25, 2006. 36 R E P O R T O F I N D E P E N D E N T R E G I S T E R E D P U B L I C A C C O U N T I N G F I R M The Board of Directors and Shareholders Giga-tronics Incorporated We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Giga-tronics Incorporated and subsidiaries (the Company) as of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005 and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Giga-tronics Incorporated and subsidiaries as of March 25, 2006 and March 26, 2005, and the results of their consolidated operations and their consolidated cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. /s/ Perry-Smith LLP Sacramento, California May 30, 2006 37 ITEM 8. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES . KPMG LLP was previously the principal accountants for Giga-tronics Incorporated. On June 18, 2004, that firm resigned. The decision to change accountants was not recommended or approved by the audit committee of the board of directors. KPMG LLP’s report on the registrant’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended March 27, 2004 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, nor was it qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles, except as follows: In connection with the audit of the fiscal year ended March 27, 2004 and the subsequent interim period through June 18, 2004, there were no disagreements with KPMG LLP on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreement(s), if not resolved to the satisfaction of KPMG LLP, would have caused it to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement(s) in connection with its report. During the registrant’s fiscal year ended March 27, 2004 and the subsequent interim period through June 18, 2004 preceding KPMG LLP’s resignation, there were no “reportable events” requiring disclosure pursuant to Section 229.304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K. A letter from KPMG LLP was previously filed as Exhibit 16 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 24, 2004, and is incorporated by reference as Exhibit 16 to this Form 10-KSB. The Audit Committee of Giga-tronics Incorporated engaged Perry-Smith LLP as its new independent auditors on July 22, 2004. During the two previous fiscal years and through July 22, 2004, the Company did not consult with Perry- Smith LLP regarding the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed; the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company’s financial statements and in no case was a written report provided to the Company nor was oral advice provided that the Company concluded was an important factor in reaching a decision as to an accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue; or any matter that was either the subject of a disagreement, as that term is used in Item 304 of Regulation S-B and defined in the related instructions to Item 304 of Regulation S-B, or a reportable event, as that term is defined in Item 304 of Regulation S-B. ITEM 8A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Within the 90 days prior to the date of this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15 (e) and 13d – 15(e). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that all material information required to be included in this annual report have been made known to them in a timely fashion. There were no significant changes in the Company’s internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation. ITEM 8B. OTHER INFORMATION The Company is not aware of any information required to be reported on Form 8-K that has not been previously reported. 38 PART III ITEM 9. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS; COMPLIANCE WITH SECTION 16(A) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT Information regarding directors of the Company is set forth under the heading “Election of Directors” of the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, incorporated herein by reference. This Proxy Statement is to be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended March 25, 2006. 39 GIGA-TRONICS INCORPORATED Name Age Position EXECUTIVE OFFICERS George H. Bruns, Jr. 87 John R. Regazzi 51 Mark H. Cosmez II 54 Jeffrey T. Lum 60 Daniel S. Markowitz 55 Chairman of the Board and a Director of the Company. Chief Executive Officer from January 1995 to April 2006. He provided seed financing for the Company in 1980 and has been a Director since inception. Mr. Bruns is General Partner of The Bruns Company, a private venture investment and management consulting firm. Mr. Bruns is a Director of Testronics, Inc. of McKinney, Texas. Chief Executive Officer and a Director of the Company since April 2006. Mr. Regazzi had been President and General Manager of Instrument Division since September 2005, and prior to that, was Vice President of Operations for Instrument Division from October 2004 through September 2005. Prior to that, he was Vice President of Engineering for Instrument Division from June 2001 through October 2004. Previous experience includes 22 years at Hewlett Packard and Agilent Technologies in various design and management positions associated with their microwave sweeper and synthesizer product lines. His final position at Agilent Technologies was as a senior engineering manager. 47 Vice President, Finance/Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of Giga-tronics, Inc. since October 1997. Before joining Giga-tronics, Mr. Cosmez was the Chief Financial Officer for Pacific Bell Public Communications. Prior to 1997, he was the Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer for International Microcomputer Software Inc., a NASDAQ-traded software company. President of ASCOR, Inc. since November 1987. Mr. Lum founded ASCOR in 1987 and has been President since inception. Mr. Lum was a founder and Vice President of Autek Systems Corporation, a manufacturer of precision waveform analyzers. Mr. Lum is on the Board of Directors for the Santa Clara Aquamaids, a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing athletes in synchronized swimming to the Olympics games. President of Microsource, Inc. since 2003. Prior to that, President of Dymatix, a subsidiary of Giga-tronics, Inc., and its Ultracision and Viking predecessors from 1996 through 2003. General Manager of Mar Engineering from 1993 to 1996. Prior to that, some 20 years of varied positions in the aerospace industry. 40 ITEM 10. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Information regarding the Company’s compensation of its executive officers is set forth under the heading “Executive Compensation” of the Company's Proxy Statement for its 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, incorporated herein by reference. This Proxy Statement is to be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended March 25, 2006. ITEM 11. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is set forth under the heading “Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” of its Proxy Statement for the 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, incorporated herein by reference. Information about securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans is set forth under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information” of its Proxy Statement for the 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, incorporated herein by reference. This Proxy Statement is to be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended March 25, 2006. ITEM 12. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS Information set forth in the Proxy Statement under the section captioned “Transactions with Management and Others” is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 13. EXHIBITS Reference is made to the Exhibit Index which is found on page 43 of this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES Perry-Smith LLP served as Giga-tronics’ independent auditors for the fiscal year ended March 25, 2006. Audit Fees Perry-Smith LLP’s fee for audit services for fiscal 2006 were $151,000 and for fiscal 2005 were $144,000. Audit-Related Fees There were no Perry-Smith LLP fees for audit-related services in fiscal 2006 or 2005. Tax Fees There were no Perry-Smith LLP fees for tax services for fiscal 2006 or 2005. All Other Fees We did not incur any fees payable to Perry-Smith LLP for other professional services in fiscal 2006 or 2005. Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policy Our Audit Committee has not pre-approved any type or amount of non-audit services by the independent accountants. 41 SIGNATURES In accordance with the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act, the Registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. GIGA-TRONICS INCORPORATED By /s/ JOHN R. REGAZZI John R. Regazzi Chief Executive Officer In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. /s/ GEORGE H. BRUNS, JR. George H. Bruns, Jr. Chairman of the Board /s/ JOHN R. REGAZZI John R. Regazzi Chief Executive Officer Principal Executive Officer /s/ MARK H. COSMEZ II Mark H. Cosmez II Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Accounting Officer) /s/ JAMES A. COLE James A. Cole Director /s/ KENNETH A. HARVEY Kenneth A. Harvey /s/ ROBERT C. WILSON Robert C. Wilson Director Director /s/ GARRETT A. GARRETTSON Garrett A. Garretson Director 5/30/06 (Date) 5/30/06 (Date) 5/30/06 (Date) 5/30/06 (Date) 5/30/06 (Date) 5/30/06 (Date) 6/01/06 (Date) 42 06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 5 C O R P O R A T E I N F O R M A T I O N D I R E C T O R S George H. Bruns, Jr. Chairman of the Board E X E C U T I V E O F F I C E R S John R. Regazzi Chief Executive Officer James A. Cole 1, 2, 3 General Partner, Windward Ventures General Partner, Spectra Enterprises Mark H. Cosmez II Vice President, Finance/ Chief Financial Officer & Secretary Garrett A. Garrettson President, Garrettson Consulting Jeffrey T. Lum President, ASCOR, Inc. Kenneth A. Harvey 1, 2 President, Peak Consulting Group Daniel S. Markowitz President, Microsource, Inc. John R. Regazzi Chief Executive Officer Robert C. Wilson 1, 2, 3 Chairman, Wilson & Chambers 1 Member, Compensation Committee 2 Member, Audit Committee 3 Member, Nominating Committee H E A D Q U A R T E R S Giga-tronics Incorporated John R. Regazzi Chief Executive Officer 4650 Norris Canyon Road San Ramon, CA 94583 (925) 328-4650 (925) 328-4700 (FAX) www.gigatronics.com S U B S I D I A R I E S ASCOR, Inc. 4384 Enterprise Place Fremont, CA 94538 (510) 490-2300 (510) 490-8493 (FAX) Microsource, Inc. 1269 Corporate Center Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95407 (707) 527-7010 (707) 527-7176 (FAX) 06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 6 C O R P O R A T E I N F O R M A T I O N L E G A L C O U N S E L Bingham McCutchen Three Embarcadero Center 18th Floor San Francisco, CA 94111 www.bingham.com T R A N S F E R A G E N T American Stock Transfer & Trust Company 59 Maiden Lane, Plaza Level New York, NY 10038 www.amstock.com I N D E P E N D E N T A U D I T O R S Perry-Smith LLP 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 1200 Sacramento, CA 95814 www.perry-smith.com A N N U A L M E E T I N G The Company’s Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be held at 9:30 a.m. on September 12, 2006 at Giga-tronics’ offices located at 4650 Norris Canyon Road, San Ramon, CA 94583. F O R M 1 0 – KSB A copy of the Company’s Complete Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for 2006, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, may be obtained by shareholders without charge by a written request to: Company Secretary 4650 Norris Canyon Road San Ramon, CA 94583 06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 7 06_06_0511 7/25/06 8:49 AM Page 8 

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