Grupa LOTOS
Annual Report 2013

Plain-text annual report

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ________ Form 10-K ________ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013 Commission File Number 1-15799 ________ LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. (Exact Name Of Registrant As Specified In Its Charter) Florida (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 4400 Biscayne Boulevard, 12th Floor Miami, Florida (Address of principal executive offices) 65-0701248 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) 33137 (Zip Code) (305) 572-4100 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) ________ Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, par value $.0001 per share 8.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, Liquidation Preference $25.00 per share Name of each exchange on which registered NYSE MKT NYSE MKT Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No þ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ¨ No þ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on it’s corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statement incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer þ Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 1 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ As of June 28, 2013 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock (based on the closing price on the NYSE MKT on that date) held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $168,954,730. As of March 1, 2014, there were 181,363,363 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding. Documents Incorporated by Reference: Part III (Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference from the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s fiscal year covered by this report. 2 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Form 10-K TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 Item 1. Item 1A. Item 1B. Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. PART II Item 5. Item 6. Item 7. Item 7A. Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Item 9B. PART III Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. PART IV Item 15. Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Financial Data Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Controls and Procedures Other Information Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accountant Fees and Services Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules SIGNATURES 3 Page 4 14 26 26 27 27 27 28 29 42 42 42 42 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 49 ITEM 1. BUSINESS. General PART I We are engaged in independent brokerage and advisory services, investment banking, equity research, institutional sales and trading, asset management services and trust services through our principal subsidiaries, Securities America, Inc. (collectively with related companies, “Securities America”), Triad Advisors, Inc. (“Triad”), Investacorp, Inc. (collectively with related companies, “Investacorp”), Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. (“Ladenburg”), Ladenburg Thalmann Asset Management Inc. (“LTAM”) and Premier Trust, Inc. (“Premier Trust”). We are committed to establishing a significant presence in the financial services industry by meeting the varying investment needs of our clients. Through our acquisitions of Securities America in November 2011, Triad in August 2008 and Investacorp in October 2007, we have established a leadership position in the independent broker-dealer industry. During the past decade, this has been one of the fastest growing segments of the financial services industry. With more than 2,700 financial advisors located in 50 states, we have become one of the approximately 10 largest independent broker-dealer networks. We believe that we have the opportunity through internal growth, recruiting and acquisitions to continue expanding our market share in this segment over the next several years. Since 2007, our plan has been to marry the more stable and recurring revenue and cash flows of the independent broker-dealer business with Ladenburg’s traditional investment banking, capital markets, institutional, sales and trading and related businesses. Ladenburg’s traditional businesses are generally more volatile and subject to the cycles of the capital markets than our independent broker-dealer subsidiaries, but historically have enjoyed strong operating margins in good market conditions. Our goal has been to build sufficient scale in our independent brokerage business, with the accompanying more steady cash flows it can produce, so regardless of capital market conditions, we as a firm can generate significant operating cash to create value for our shareholders. The appealing growth profile of the independent brokerage and advisory business has been a key factor in setting our strategic path. The independent brokerage channel has expanded significantly over the past decade, driven in large part by demographic trends, including the graying of America, the retirement of the baby boomer generation and the rollover of retirement assets from corporate 401(k) and other pension plans to individual IRA accounts. The increasing responsibility of individuals to plan for their own retirement has created demand for the financial advice provided by financial advisors in the independent channel, who are not tied to a particular firm’s proprietary products. These developments have been occurring against a backdrop of the steady migration of client assets and advisors from the wirehouse, insurance and bank channels to the independent channel. We operate each of our independent broker-dealers separately under their own management teams, which reflects our recognition that each firm has its own unique culture and strengths. We believe this is an important part of the glue that helps bind the advisors to the firm. At the same time, we have taken advantage of the scale we have created across the multiple firms by spreading costs in areas that are not directly visible to the advisors and their clients, such as technology, accounting and other back office functions. We believe the Securities America acquisition added value to our other businesses. We offer Securities America’s industry best practice development and coaching tools to our other advisors, while at a firm-wide level we have benefitted from adding its management expertise and systems. In turn, Securities America’s advisors have gained additional resources to enhance their practices, including access to Ladenburg’s proprietary research, investment banking and capital markets services, fixed income trading and syndicate product, Premier Trust’s trust services and LTAM’s wealth management solutions. Ladenburg is a full service broker-dealer that has been a member of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) since 1879. It provides its services principally for middle market and emerging growth companies and high net worth individuals through a coordinated effort among corporate finance, capital markets, asset management, brokerage and trading professionals. LTAM is a registered investment advisor. LTAM offers various asset management products utilized by Ladenburg clients as well as clients of our independent financial advisors. Premier Trust, a Nevada trust company, provides trust administration of personal and retirement accounts, estate and financial planning, wealth management and custody services. We acquired Premier Trust in September 2010 to provide our network of independent financial advisors with access to a broad array of trust services. This was another important strategic step in our efforts to meaningfully differentiate our independent broker-dealer platform by the breadth of the products and services we offer to our advisors. 4 Each of Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg is subject to regulation by, among others, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”) and is a member of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”). Securities America is also subject to regulation by the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) and the National Futures Association. Premier Trust is subject to regulation by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry Financial Institutions Division. We continue to explore opportunities to grow our businesses, including through potential acquisitions of other securities and investment banking firms, both domestically and internationally. These acquisitions may involve payments of material amounts of cash, the incurrence of material amounts of debt, which may increase our leverage, or the issuance of significant amounts of our equity securities, which may be dilutive to our existing shareholders. We cannot assure you that we will be able to complete any such potential acquisitions on acceptable terms or at all or, if we do, that any acquired business will be profitable. We also may be unable to integrate successfully acquired businesses into our existing business and operations. We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Florida in February 1996. Available Information Our corporate filings, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K, our proxy statements and reports filed by our officers and directors under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and any amendments to those filings, are available, free of charge, on our Web site, www.ladenburg.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file or furnish such material with the SEC. We do not intend for information contained in our Web site, or those of our subsidiaries, to be a part of this annual report on Form 10-K. In February 2004, our board of directors adopted a code of ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees as well as those of our subsidiaries. We will provide to any person, without charge, a copy of our code of ethics. Requests for copies of our code of ethics should be sent in writing to Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., 4400 Biscayne Blvd., 12th Floor, Miami, FL 33137, Attn: Secretary. Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors This annual report on Form 10-K includes certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on management’s current expectations or beliefs and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. Actual results may vary materially from the views expressed in the forward-looking statements contained in this report due to changes in economic, business, competitive, strategic and/or regulatory factors, and other factors affecting the operation of our businesses. For more detailed information about these factors, and risk factors about our operations, see Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” and Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition — Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” below. We are not required (and expressly disclaim any obligation) to update or alter any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or otherwise. Business Segments We have two operating segments: our independent brokerage and advisory services business segment, which includes Premier Trust’s trust services, and the investment banking, sales and trading and asset management services and investment activities conducted by Ladenburg and LTAM, which we refer to as the Ladenburg segment. Financial and other information by segment for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 is set forth in Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report. Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services Overview Securities America, Investacorp and Triad are independent broker-dealers and registered investment advisors, whose independent contractor financial advisors offer securities brokerage and advisory services to their clients, which may include packaged products such as mutual funds, variable annuities and advisor managed accounts. Revenues generated by our independent brokerage and advisory services segment represented approximately 91%, 92% and 84% of our total revenues for 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 5 We believe that the financial services industry is experiencing an increase in the percentage of retail client assets held at independent broker-dealers and registered investment advisors as financial advisors are leaving large national and regional firms. New independent financial advisors require client and back office support services and access to technology and typically become affiliated with an independent broker-dealer. We expect this trend to continue and possibly accelerate in the future. Also, financial advisors at banks and credit unions often affiliate with independent broker-dealers. Securities America’s Financial Institutions Division delivers a diverse selection of investment and insurance products, detailed, hands-on professional development, and a fully integrated technology platform customized to meet the unique reporting needs of financial advisors located within banks and credit unions. A financial advisor who becomes affiliated with one of our independent broker-dealers generally establishes his or her own office and is solely responsible for the payment of all expenses associated with the operation of the branch office (including rent, utilities, furniture, equipment, quotation systems, employee wages and benefits and general office supplies). The size of each branch office is typically between 1 and 15 advisors, but may be substantially larger. All of a branch’s revenues from securities brokerage transactions and from advisory services conducted through our broker-dealers accrue to our broker-dealers. Because an independent financial advisor bears the responsibility for his or her operating expenses, the financial advisor receives a significant percentage of the commissions or advisory fees he or she generates, typically at least 80%. This compares with a payout rate of approximately 30% to 50% to financial advisors working in a traditional wirehouse brokerage setting where the brokerage firm bears substantially all of the sales force costs, including providing employee benefits, office space, sales assistants, telephone service and supplies. The independent brokerage model permits our independent broker-dealer subsidiaries to expand their revenue base and retail distribution network of investment products and services without either the capital expenditures that would be required to open company-owned offices, or the additional administrative and other costs of hiring financial advisors as in-house employees. An independent financial advisor must possess a sufficient level of business experience to enable the individual to independently operate his or her own office. Insurance agents, financial planners, accountants and other financial professionals, who already provide financial services to their clients, often affiliate with independent broker-dealers. These professionals then offer financial products and services to their clients through an independent broker-dealer and earn commissions and fees for these transactions and services. These financial advisors have the ability to structure their own practices and to focus in different areas of the investment business, subject to supervisory procedures as well as compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements. Many independent financial advisors provide financial planning services to their clients, wherein the financial advisor evaluates a client’s financial needs and objectives, develops a detailed plan, and then implements the plan with the client’s approval. When the implementation of such objectives involves the purchase or sale of securities (including the placement of assets within a managed account) such transactions may be effected through a broker-dealer, for which such broker-dealer earns either a commission or a fee. Representatives may be permitted to conduct other approved businesses unrelated to their brokerage or advisory activities, such as offering fixed insurance products and accounting, estate planning and tax services, among others. Each financial advisor is required to obtain and maintain in good standing each license required by the SEC and FINRA to conduct the type of securities or advisory business in which he or she engages, and to register in the various states in which he or she has customers. Each of our independent broker-dealers is responsible for supervising all of its financial advisors wherever they are located. We can incur substantial liability from improper actions of any of Securities America’s, Investacorp’s or Triad’s financial advisors. See Item 1.A - Risk Factors - Risks Relating to our Business. Many of our independent financial advisors are also authorized agents of insurance companies. Our independent broker-dealers process non-registered insurance business through subsidiaries or sister companies that are licensed insurance brokers, as well as through licensed third-party insurance brokers. We are not an insurance company, and we retain no insurance risk related to insurance or annuity products. Our independent financial advisors also may provide consultation and financial planning services including: estate planning, retirement and financial goal planning, educational funding, asset allocation and insurance needs analysis, as well as general analysis and planning. These financial advisors may prepare a written financial plan based upon the client's stated goals, needs and investment profile. Strategy for our Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services Business We focus on increasing our independent broker-dealer networks of financial advisors, revenues and client assets as described below. 6 • • Provide our advisors with a differentiated independent platform. We believe we have built a meaningfully differentiated platform by offering our independent financial advisors the unique and valued benefits of access to Ladenburg’s wealth management division, capital markets products, investment banking services, proprietary equity research and fixed income trading desk, together with the trust services and planning capabilities of Premier Trust. Provide technological solutions to independent financial advisors and home-office employees. We believe that it is imperative that our independent broker dealers possess state-of-the-art technology so their employees and independent financial advisors can effectively transact, facilitate, measure and record business activity in a timely, accurate and efficient manner. By continuing our commitment to provide a highly capable technology platform to process business, we believe our independent broker-dealers can achieve economies of scale and potentially reduce the need to hire additional back-office personnel. • Assist financial advisors to expand their business. Our independent broker-dealers are aligned with their financial advisors in seeking to increase their revenues and improve efficiency. Each of our broker-dealers undertakes initiatives to assist their financial advisors with client recruitment, education, compliance and product support. Our practice management programs accelerate our advisors' efforts to grow their businesses by providing customized coaching and consulting services, study groups and conferences, educational workshops, publications and web resources and other productivity tools. Our independent broker-dealers also focus on improving back-office support to allow financial advisors more time to focus on serving their clients, rather than attending to administrative matters. • Build recurring revenue. We have recognized the trend toward increased investment advisory business and are focused on providing fee-based investment advisory services, which may better suit certain clients. While these fee-based accounts generate substantially lower first year revenue than accounts invested in most commission-based products, the recurring nature of these fees provides a platform that generates recurring revenue. • Recruit experienced financial professionals. Each of our independent broker-dealers actively recruits experienced financial professionals. These efforts are supported by advertising, targeted direct mail and outbound telemarketing. Our independent broker- dealers’ recruitment efforts are enhanced by their ability to serve a variety of independent advisor models, including independent financial advisors, registered investment advisors and independent registered investment advisors. • Acquire other independent brokerage firms. We also may pursue the acquisition of other independent brokerage firms and groups of financial advisors. Our ability to realize growth through acquisitions depends, among other things, on the availability of suitable candidates and our ability to successfully negotiate favorable terms. There can be no assurance that we will be able to consummate any such acquisitions. Further, the costs associated with the integration of new businesses and personnel may be greater than anticipated. Brokerage Business Each of our independent broker-dealers provides full support services to its financial advisors, including: access to stock, bond and options execution; products such as insurance, mutual funds, unit trusts and investment advisory programs; and research, compliance, supervision, accounting and related services. While an increasing number of clients are electing asset-based advisory fee platforms rather than the traditional commission schedule, our independent broker-dealers primarily derive their revenue from commissions charged on variable annuity, mutual fund, equity and fixed income transactions. Asset Management Business Our independent broker-dealers offer various accounts, some of which are managed by our financial advisors, and others that are managed by third parties. The advisor managed accounts offer various account structures, including fee-based and “wrap fee” accounts. For financial advisors who prefer not to act as portfolio managers, third party management options are available. These options employ managers who select diversified, fee-based asset management investment portfolios based on a client’s needs and risk profile. The types of portfolios may include separately managed portfolios, multi-managed accounts, and mutual fund and exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) model portfolios. These portfolios may also include portfolio analytics, performance reporting and position-specific reporting. 7 Premier Trust Founded in 2001, Premier Trust is a Nevada-chartered trust company headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada, with more than $748 million in assets under administration at December 31, 2013. Premier Trust provides trust administration of personal and retirement accounts, estate and financial planning, wealth management and custody services. Working in combination with a client’s legal and other professional advisors, Premier Trust’s professionals assist with every aspect of planning, including income and estate taxes, retirement, succession of the family business, transferring assets to future generations and asset protection. Ladenburg Ladenburg is a full-service broker-dealer that provides investment banking, sales and trading and equity research to its corporate and institutional clients and high net-worth individuals. Investment Banking Activities Ladenburg's investment banking professionals provide corporate finance and strategic and financial advisory services to public and private companies, primarily those companies with market capitalizations below $500 million, which we refer to as middle-market companies. Ladenburg provides these middle-market companies with capital raising and strategic advisory services throughout their growth cycles. Ladenburg offers its clients a high level of attention from senior personnel and has designed its organizational structure so that the investment bankers who are responsible for securing and maintaining client relationships also actively participate in providing all related transaction execution services to those clients. Ladenburg's 17 investment banking professionals serve clients nationwide and worldwide from its offices in New York, New York, Houston, Texas and Miami, Florida. Corporate Finance Ladenburg's corporate finance group provides capital origination services primarily to middle-market companies. Ladenburg's investment bankers develop financing strategies, transaction structures and financing instruments for its corporate clients. Ladenburg offers a broad range of financing options including underwritten public offerings, registered direct offerings, at-the-market offerings, PIPEs (private investment in public equity) and other private placements. Ladenburg's ability to effectively structure offerings and to identify likely buyers of such offerings makes it a valuable advisor to small and middle-market companies. Although the initial public offering market is not consistently favorable, we expect that Ladenburg will participate in follow-on offerings, registered direct offerings, PIPEs and other private placements to generate corporate finance revenues. We believe there is a significant opportunity for continued growth in the registered direct and PIPEs areas given issuers’ desire to identify and pursue faster and less costly financing alternatives to traditional follow-on offerings and institutional investors’ continuing interest in these financing transactions. Further, we believe the establishment of relationships with issuers through our capital raising efforts will lead to additional investment banking services, including further capital raising, and other advisory services. In 2013, we participated in 115 underwritten offerings that raised an aggregate of approximately $28 billion. In 2013, Ladenburg placed 22 registered direct and PIPE offerings, that raised an aggregate of approximately $379 million for clients in the healthcare, biotechnology, energy and other industries. Ladenburg seeks to capitalize on its distribution network by focusing on yield-oriented equities, which have been attractive to both institutional and retail investors. The yield-oriented equity business has developed in recent years in response to the low interest rate environment. Our bankers focus on three specific areas: agency, mortgage and property real estate investment trusts (REITs), business development companies (BDCs) and master limited partnerships (MLPs). Ladenburg has become a leader in syndicating these products to institutional investors as well as other retail and independent firms. Since 2011, Ladenburg has participated as a manager in 123 offerings of these products, which raised over $16.4 billion. Similarly, Ladenburg also has dedicated investment bankers focused on the healthcare and biotechnology companies, as well as the energy and utilities sector. From 2011 through 2013, Ladenburg participated as a manager in 93 offerings, which raised over $7.1 billion in the healthcare and biotechnology sector. Strategic and Financial Advisory Services Ladenburg advises clients on a wide range of strategic and financial issues. When Ladenburg advises a company in the potential acquisition of another company, business or assets, its services include evaluating potential acquisition targets, providing valuation analyses, evaluating and proposing financial and strategic alternatives and rendering, if appropriate, fairness opinions. 8 Ladenburg also may provide advice regarding the timing, structure, financing and pricing of a proposed acquisition and may assist in negotiating and closing the acquisition. Ladenburg's buy-side and sell-side mandates often require the firm to leverage its extensive relationships and capital markets expertise. These mandates generally have a limited duration so Ladenburg seeks to develop new engagements from existing and prior clients, as well as their legal and other advisors. Ladenburg has extensive expertise in providing fairness opinions that often are necessary or requested in a variety of situations, including mergers, acquisitions, restructurings, financings and privatizations. Ladenburg provides fairness opinions and analyses to boards of directors, independent committees of boards of directors and shareholders. The firm also provides independent, third-party advice in connection with mergers, acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and restructurings, going-private transactions and certain other market activities. Sales and Trading Ladenburg’s private client services and institutional sales departments charge commissions to their individual and institutional clients for executing securities trading orders. Ladenburg’s sales and trading operation distributes our equity research product and communicates our proprietary investment recommendations to our growing base of institutional investors. Also, our sales and trading staff executes equity trades on behalf of our clients and sells the securities of companies for which we act as an underwriter. In 2012, Ladenburg added a fixed income trading desk, Ladenburg Fixed Income (LFIX). This trading desk works with advisors at our broker-dealer subsidiaries to develop fixed income solutions for clients based on individualized client needs. We believe this strategic addition further strengthened the value proposition of our broker-dealer platform and is a natural complement to Ladenburg’s efforts in yield-oriented equities because many of the same companies to which Ladenburg provides investment banking services are also potential fixed income issuers. We have established a broad institutional client base through a consistent focus on the investment and trading objectives of our clients. Our sales and trading professionals work closely with our equity research staff to provide insight and differentiated investment advice to institutional clients nationwide. We believe that our equity research features proprietary themes and actionable ideas about industries and companies that are not widely evaluated by many other investment banks that do not have our middle-market emphasis. In recent years, many investment banks have reduced equity research coverage and market making activities for companies with market capitalizations below certain thresholds. However, we continue to commit research and sales and trading resources to smaller-capitalization companies with the belief that institutional investors will value such specialized knowledge and service. Our sales and trading personnel are also central to our ability to market equity offerings and provide after-market support. Our equity capital markets group manages the syndication, marketing, execution and distribution of equity offerings. Our syndicate activities include managing the marketing and order-taking process for underwritten transactions and conducting after-market stabilization and initial market making. Our syndicate staff is also responsible for developing and maintaining relationships with the syndicate departments of other investment banks. Research Services We believe that Ladenburg’s research department takes a fresh, critical approach to analyzing primary sources and developing proprietary research. Many individuals, institutions, portfolio managers and hedge fund managers, on all levels, have been neglected by brokerage firms that ignore the demand for unbiased research for small and mid-cap companies. Ladenburg provides a branded in-depth research product. Ladenburg’s research department focuses on investigating investment opportunities by utilizing fundamental, technical and quantitative methods to conduct in-depth analysis. Currently, our research department provides research coverage on approximately 180 companies and closed-end funds, specializing in small- to mid-cap companies in the power and electric utilities, energy exploration and production, sustainable infrastructure, biotechnology, personalized medicine, medical devices, specialty pharmaceutical, healthcare services, medical technology and internet and software services industries; MLPs, BDCs and mortgage and property REITs; and other companies on a special situations basis. Ladenburg’s research coverage may expand to additional sectors in the future. Ladenburg provides its research on a fee basis to certain institutional accounts and makes it available to the financial advisors at all of our broker-dealer subsidiaries. Our research department: • reviews and analyzes general market conditions and industry groups; 9 • • • on reports written issues companies; furnishes information to retail and institutional customers; and responds executives. from customers and account inquiries to Asset Management Ladenburg Thalmann Asset Management LTAM is a registered investment advisor offering various asset management products utilized by Ladenburg clients, as well as clients of Securities America’s, Investacorp’s and Triad’s financial advisors. LTAM serves as our internal wealth management group and plays an important role in supporting the growth of the advisory businesses at our independent firms. At December 31, 2013, LTAM had approximately $1.7 billion of assets under management and more than 13,000 client accounts. Ladenburg Asset Management Program The Ladenburg Asset Management Program provides centralized management of mutual fund and exchange-traded fund portfolios based on asset allocation models. Features of the program include active rebalancing at the asset class and security level, low minimum account size, risk analysis, customized investment policy statements and comprehensive performance reporting. Investment Consulting Services LTAM’s Investment Consulting Services (“ICS”) provides clients with access to professional money managers who are usually available only to large institutions. Whether the client requires a complete asset allocation strategy or an investment manager for a single asset class, ICS provides access to money managers across the spectrum of major asset classes, and each of our managers has been thoroughly examined for inclusion in the ICS program. Once a manager has been added to the platform, it is regularly reviewed in order to ensure that it represents a suitable solution. Through ICS, LTAM services high net worth clients and institutions, such as universities, foundations and hospitals. Alternative Strategies Fund LTAM has created a closed-end interval fund, the Alternative Strategies Fund, that includes alternative investment products and allows clients to access these investments with low minimums and without having to be accredited investors. LTAM’s mutual fund is comprised of a portfolio of alternative investments in more than ten asset classes, including, among others, REITs, MLPs, managed futures and equipment leasing. Private Investment Management The Private Investment Management program allows internal managers to provide portfolio services to clients on a discretionary basis with specific styles of investing for an annual asset-based fee. Retirement Plan Sponsor Services LTAM provides investment consulting services to sponsors of retirement plans, such as 401(k) plans. These services include: identifying mutual funds and ETF’s for the plan sponsor’s review and final selection based on the selection criteria stated in the plan’s investment policy statement; assisting in the planning of, and participating in, enrollment and communication meetings; and providing to the plan sponsor quarterly performance reports of the funds for the purpose of meeting the plan fiduciary’s obligation to monitor plan assets. Certain plan participants also may engage LTAM to manage their plan assets on a discretionary basis. Alternative Investments LTAM provides high net worth clients and institutional investors the opportunity to invest in proprietary and third party alternative investments. These include, but are not limited to, hedge funds, funds of funds, private equity, venture capital and real estate. Ladenburg Architect Program 10 LTAM provides its customers with the Ladenburg Architect Program as a non-discretionary, fee-based, advisory account that allows customers to maintain control over the management of the account and select from a diverse group of securities. Third-Party Advisory Services Together with its affiliates, LTAM may also provide advisory services, ranging from proprietary investment solutions to access to professional money managers for the clients of Ladenburg’s, Triad’s, Investacorp’s and Securities America’s registered investment advisors. Investment Activities Ladenburg may, from time to time, seek to realize investment gains by purchasing, selling and holding securities for its own account, including through LFIX. Ladenburg may also from time to time engage for its own account in the arbitrage of securities. We are required to commit the capital necessary for use in these investment activities. The amount of capital committed at any particular time will vary according to market, economic and financial factors, including the other aspects of our business. Also, Ladenburg regularly receives shares or warrants that entitle it to purchase securities of the corporate issuers for which it raises capital or provides advisory services. Administration, Operations, Securities Transactions Processing and Customer Accounts Our broker-dealer subsidiaries do not hold funds or securities for their customers. Instead, each of Ladenburg, Triad and Investacorp use the services of National Financial Services LLC (“NFS”), a Fidelity Investments® company, as its clearing agent on a fully disclosed basis. Securities America uses the services of NFS and Pershing LLC, a subsidiary of the Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, as its clearing agents on a fully disclosed basis. The clearing agents process all securities transactions and maintain customer accounts on a fee basis. SIPC coverage protects client accounts up to $500,000 per customer, including up to $250,000 for cash. Each of NFS and Pershing also maintains excess securities bonds, “Excess SIPC”, providing additional protection. Clearing agent services include billing, credit control, and receipt, custody and delivery of securities. The clearing agent provides operational support necessary to process, record and maintain securities transactions for the brokerage activities of our broker-dealer subsidiaries. The clearing agent also lends funds to customers of our broker- dealer subsidiaries through the use of margin credit. These loans are made to customers on a secured basis, with the clearing agent maintaining collateral in the form of saleable securities, cash or cash equivalents. We have agreed to indemnify each clearing agent for losses it may incur on these credit arrangements. Seasonality and Cyclical Factors Seasonality generally does not impact our results. Our revenues may be adversely affected by cyclical factors, such as financial market downturns, low interest rates, as well as downturns or recessions in the United States or global economies. These downturns may cause investor concern, which results in fewer investment banking transactions, lower asset values and less investing by institutional and retail investors, thereby reducing our revenues and potential profits. Such conditions might also expose us to the risk of being unable to raise additional capital to offset related significant reductions in revenues. Competition We encounter intense competition in all aspects of our business and compete directly with many other providers of financial services for clients as well as financial advisors. We compete directly with many national and regional full service financial services firms, other independent broker-dealers, investment advisors, discount brokers, broker-dealer subsidiaries of major commercial bank holding companies, insurance companies and other companies offering financial services in the United States, globally, and through the Internet. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. Also, many firms offer discount brokerage services and generally effect transactions at substantially lower commission rates on an “execution only” basis, without offering other services such as financial planning, investment recommendations and research. Moreover, there is substantial commission discounting by full-service broker-dealers competing for institutional and retail brokerage business. A growing number of brokerage firms offer online trading which has further intensified the competition for retail brokerage customers. Our broker-dealer subsidiaries currently do not offer any online trading services to their customers, although they offer on-line account access so their customers can review their account balances and activity. 11 Competition also is increasing from other financial institutions, notably banking institutions, insurance companies and other organizations, which offer customers some of the same services and products presently provided by securities firms. We seek to compete through the quality of our financial advisors and investment bankers, our level of service, the products and services we offer and our expertise in certain areas. There is significant competition for qualified personnel in the financial services industry. Our ability to compete effectively depends on attracting, retaining and motivating qualified financial advisors, investment bankers, trading professionals, portfolio managers and other revenue-producing or specialized personnel. Government Regulation The securities industry, including our business, is subject to extensive regulation by the SEC, state securities regulators and other governmental regulatory authorities. We are also regulated by industry self-regulatory organizations, including FINRA and the MSRB. The principal purpose of these regulations is the protection of customers and the securities markets. The SEC is the federal agency charged with the administration of the federal securities laws. Much of the regulation of broker-dealers, however, has been delegated to self-regulatory organizations, principally FINRA. These self-regulatory organizations adopt rules, subject to approval by the SEC, which govern their members and conduct periodic examinations of member firms’ operations. Securities firms are also subject to regulation by state securities commissions in the states in which they are registered. Each of Securities America, Ladenburg, Investacorp and Triad is a registered broker-dealer with the SEC. Each of Securities America, Ladenburg, Investacorp and Triad is licensed to conduct activities as a broker-dealer in all 50 states. Ladenburg is a member firm of the NYSE. The regulations to which broker-dealers are subject cover many aspects of the securities industry, including: • • • • • • • sales supervision; methods and trading practices dealers; among broker- use and safekeeping of customers’ funds and securities; structure of securities capital firms; record keeping; conduct of directors, officers and employees; and advertising, solicitation. including regulations related to telephone As registered investment advisors under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, our investment advisory subsidiaries are subject to the regulations under both the Investment Advisers Act and certain state securities laws and regulations. Such requirements relate to, among other things: • • • • • limitations on the ability of investment advisors to charge clients performance-based or non-refundable fees; and reporting record-keeping requirements; disclosure requirements; limitations on principal transactions between an advisor or its affiliates and advisory clients; and general prohibitions. anti-fraud Additionally, our investment advisory subsidiaries are subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), administered by the Employee Benefits Security Administration (“EBSA”) of the U.S. Department of Labor, for accounts that are ERISA-covered pension plans. These plans include defined benefit pension plans and individual account plans, such as 401(k) plans. ERISA imposes certain duties on persons who are fiduciaries (as defined in Section 3(21) of ERISA) and prohibits certain transactions involving ERISA plans and fiduciaries or other service providers to such plans. Failure to comply with the ERISA requirements could result in significant monetary penalties and could severely limit the ability of our investment advisory subsidiaries to act as fiduciaries. 12 Additional legislation, changes in rules promulgated by the SEC and by self-regulatory bodies and changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules often directly affect the method of operation and profitability of broker-dealers. The SEC and the self- regulatory bodies may conduct administrative proceedings which can result in censure, fine, suspension or expulsion of a broker-dealer, its officers, employees or financial advisors. Premier Trust is subject to regulation by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry Financial Institutions Division. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 (the “PATRIOT Act”) contains anti-money laundering and financial transparency laws and mandates the implementation of various regulations applicable to broker-dealers and other financial services companies. Financial institutions subject to the PATRIOT Act generally must have anti-money laundering procedures in place, implement specialized employee training programs, designate an anti-money laundering compliance officer and are audited periodically by an independent party to test the effectiveness of such compliance. We have established policies, procedures and systems designed to comply with these regulations. Regulation regarding privacy and data protection continues to increase worldwide and is generally being driven by the growth of technology and related concerns about the rapid and widespread dissemination and use of information. To the extent applicable to us, we must comply with these global, federal, and state information-related laws and regulations, including, for example, those in the United States, such as the 1999 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, SEC Regulation S-P and the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970, as amended. Net Capital Requirements Our registered broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the SEC’s Uniform Net Capital Rule 15c3-1, which we refer to as the Net Capital Rule. The Net Capital Rule requires that broker-dealers maintain minimum net capital and is designed to measure the general financial integrity and liquidity of a broker-dealer. Net capital is defined as the net worth of a broker-dealer, subject to certain adjustments, and may be calculated in one of two ways. In computing net capital, various adjustments are made to net worth which exclude assets not readily convertible into cash. Also, the regulations require that certain assets, such as a broker-dealer’s position in securities, be valued in a conservative manner to avoid inflation of the broker-dealer’s net capital. Each of Securities America and Ladenburg has elected to compute its net capital under the alternative method allowed by the Net Capital Rule. At December 31, 2013, Securities America had net capital of $10,968,000, which was $10,718,000 in excess of its required net capital of $250,000 and Ladenburg had net capital of $12,573,000, which exceeded its minimum capital requirement of $250,000, by $12,323,000. Triad and Investacorp have elected to compute net capital using the Net Capital Rule's traditional method, which requires a ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital that must not exceed 15 to 1. At December 31, 2013, Triad had net capital of $4,262,000, which was $3,147,000 in excess of its required net capital of $1,115,000, and had a net capital ratio of 3.9 to 1. At December 31, 2013, Investacorp had net capital of $5,052,000, which was $4,713,000 in excess of its required net capital of $339,000, and had a net capital ratio of 1.0 to 1. Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg claim exemptions from the provisions of the SEC’s Rule 15c3-3 (generally relating to the physical possession and control of securities) pursuant to paragraph (k)(2)(ii) of such rule as they clear their customer transactions through a clearing broker on a fully disclosed basis. Also, funds invested as equity capital may not be withdrawn, nor may any unsecured advances or loans be made to any stockholder of a registered broker-dealer, if, after giving effect to the withdrawal, advance or loan and to any other withdrawal, advance or loan as well as to any scheduled payments of subordinated debt that are scheduled to occur within six months, the net capital of the broker-dealer would fall below 120% of the minimum dollar amount of net capital required or the ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital would exceed 10 to 1. Further, any funds invested in the form of subordinated debt generally must be invested for a minimum term of one year and repayment of such debt may be suspended if the broker-dealer fails to maintain certain minimum net capital levels. For example, scheduled payments of subordinated debt are suspended in the event that the ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital of the broker-dealer would exceed 12 to 1 or its net capital would be less than 120% of the minimum dollar amount of net capital required. The net capital rule also prohibits payments of dividends, redemption of stock and the prepayment, or payment in respect of principal or subordinated indebtedness if net capital, after giving effect to the payment, redemption or repayment, would be less than the specified percentage (120%) of the minimum net capital requirement. 13 Premier Trust, chartered by the state of Nevada, is subject to regulation by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry Financial Institutions Division. Under Nevada law, Premier Trust must maintain minimum stockholder’s equity of at least $1,000,000, including at least $250,000 in cash. At December 31, 2013, Premier Trust had stockholder’s equity of approximately $1,319,000, including at least $250,000 in cash. Failure to maintain the required net capital may subject a firm to fines, suspension or expulsion by FINRA, the SEC and other regulatory bodies and ultimately may require its liquidation. During the fourth quarter of 2009, Triad had a short-term net-capital deficiency and in March 2014 entered into a settlement with FINRA under which Triad agreed to a fine and censure. Compliance with the net capital rule could limit Ladenburg’s operations that require the intensive use of capital, such as underwriting and trading activities, and also could restrict our ability to withdraw capital from our subsidiaries, which could limit our ability to pay dividends and repay debt. In the past, Ladenburg has entered into, and from time to time in the future may enter into, temporary subordinated loan arrangements to borrow funds on a short-term basis from our shareholders or clearing brokers to supplement the capital of our broker-dealers to facilitate underwriting transactions. Financial Information about Geographic Areas We are domiciled in the United States and substantially all of our revenue is attributed to activities in the United States. All of our long- lived assets are located in the United States. Personnel At December 31, 2013, we had 715 full-time employees. No employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relationship with our employees to be good. ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS. You should carefully consider all of the risks described below regarding our company. Our business, financial condition or results of operation could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may materially and adversely affect our business operations. Risk Factors Relating to Our Business Damage to our reputation could adversely impact our business. Maintaining our reputation is critical to our ability to attract and retain financial advisors, clients and employees, and our failure, or perceived failure, to appropriately operate our business or deal with matters that give rise to reputational risk may materially and adversely harm our business, prospects and results of operation. Those matters giving rise to reputation risk include, but are not limited to, the risks discussed in this Item 1A, as well as appropriately dealing with legal and regulatory requirements, anti money-laundering practices, privacy, record keeping, and sales and trading practices, as well as our proper identification of the legal, reputational, credit, liquidity, and market risks inherent in financial products. Also, our inability to sell securities that we have underwritten on expected terms, including anticipated prices, could result in reputational damage that results in our loss of investment banking business, which would adversely impact our Ladenburg segment. Our failure to deliver appropriate standards of service and quality, or our failure or perceived failure to treat clients fairly, could result in customer dissatisfaction, litigation and heightened regulatory scrutiny, all of which can lead to lost revenue, higher operating costs and harm to our reputation. Further, negative publicity regarding us, whether or not true, may be detrimental to our business. Changing conditions in financial markets and the economy could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operation. Our financial results have been adversely affected by turmoil in the financial markets, such as during the economic downturn that particularly characterized the period from late 2008 through 2010, and downturns in the economy in general. As a financial services firm, changes in the financial markets or economic conditions in the United States and elsewhere in the world could materially adversely affect our business in many ways, including the following: • a market downturn could lead to a decline in the volume of transactions executed for customers and, therefore, to a decline in the revenues we receive from commissions and spreads; 14 • • • • • • low interest rates adversely impact interest sharing revenues received from our clearing firms and other cash sweep programs; adverse changes in the market could lead to a reduction in revenues from asset management fees. Even in the absence of a market downturn, below-market investment performance by portfolio managers could reduce asset management revenues and assets under management and result in reputational damage that might make it more difficult to attract new investors; unfavorable financial or economic conditions could reduce the number and size of transactions in which we provide underwriting, financial advisory and other services. Our investment banking revenues, in the form of financial advisory and underwriting or placement fees, are directly related to the number and size of the transactions in which we participate and therefore could be adversely affected by unfavorable financial or economic conditions; increases in credit spreads, as well as limitations on the availability of credit, can affect our ability to borrow on a secured or unsecured basis, which may adversely affect our liquidity and results of operations; adverse changes in the market could lead to losses from principal transactions. To the extent that we own assets, i.e., have long positions, a downturn in the market could result in losses from a decline in the value of those long positions. Conversely, to the extent that we have sold assets that we do not own, i.e., have short positions, an upturn in the market could expose us to potentially unlimited losses as we attempt to cover our short positions by acquiring assets in a rising market; and new or increased taxes on compensation payments such as bonuses or securities transactions may adversely affect our financial results. We have incurred, and may continue to incur, significant losses. We incurred significant losses in recent years. We cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability or positive cash flow on either a quarterly or annual basis. Although we believe that we have adequate cash and regulatory capital to fund our current level of operating activities through December 31, 2014, if we are unable to attain and sustain profitability, it would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. We have a significant amount of debt, which limits cash flow available for operations and may impair our ability to obtain additional financing. Our total debt, as of December 31, 2013, was approximately $66 million. Our substantial amount of indebtedness: • • • requires us to dedicate a substantial portion of cash flows from operations to the payment of debt service, resulting in less cash available for operations and other purposes; limits our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, regulatory capital requirements, acquisitions or general corporate purposes; and increases our vulnerability to downturns in our business or in general economic conditions. Our ability to satisfy our obligations and to reduce our total debt depends on our future operating performance. Also, there can be no assurance that we will satisfy the requirements for forgiveness of our forgivable loans from our principal clearing firm. Our future operating performance is subject to many factors, including economic, financial and competitive factors, which may be beyond our control. As a result, we may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow, and future sales of equity or debt securities in public or private transactions may not be available to provide sufficient net proceeds, to meet these obligations, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, profitability and results of operations. We are a holding company and rely on dividends, distributions and other payments, advances and transfers of funds from our subsidiaries to meet our debt service and other obligations. 15 We have no direct operations and derive all of our cash flow from our subsidiaries. Because we conduct our operations through our subsidiaries, we depend on those entities for dividends and other payments or distributions to meet any existing or future debt service and other obligations. The deterioration of the earnings from, or other available assets of, our subsidiaries for any reason could limit or impair their ability to pay dividends or other distributions to us. Also, FINRA regulations restrict dividends in excess of 10% of a member firm’s excess net capital without FINRA’s prior approval. Compliance with this regulation may impede our ability to receive dividends from our broker-dealer subsidiaries. We face significant competition for financial advisors and professional employees. From time to time, financial advisors and individuals we employ choose to leave our company to pursue other opportunities. We have experienced losses of financial advisors and trading and investment banking professionals in the past, and competition for key personnel remains intense. We cannot assure you that the loss of financial advisors and key personnel will not occur in the future. We expend significant resources in recruiting, training and retaining our financial advisors. The loss of a financial advisor or a trading or investment banking professional, particularly a senior professional with significant industry contacts, or the failure to recruit productive financial advisors could materially and adversely affect our results of operations. Also, difficultly in recruiting young advisors, due to the low number of persons entering our industry, combined with the high average age of our existing financial advisors, may adversely impact our ability to retain client assets and our financial results. Misconduct by our employees and independent financial advisors, who operate in a decentralized environment, is difficult to detect and deter and could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition. Misconduct by our employees and independent financial advisors could result in violations of law by us, regulatory sanctions and/or serious reputational or financial harm. Misconduct could include: • • • • • • • • • • • • recommending transactions that are not suitable for the client or in the client’s best interests; engaging activity; in fraudulent or otherwise improper binding us to transactions that exceed authorized limits; hiding unauthorized or unsuccessful activities, resulting in unknown and unmanaged risks or losses; improperly information; using or disclosing confidential engaging in unauthorized or excessive trading to the detriment of customers failure, whether negligent or intentional, to effect securities transactions on behalf of clients; failure to perform reasonable diligence on a security, product or strategy; failure to supervise a financial advisor; failure to provide insurance carriers with complete and accurate information; engaging in unauthorized or excessive trading to the detriment of clients; or otherwise not complying with laws or our control procedures. We cannot always deter misconduct by our employees and independent financial advisors, and the precautions we take to prevent and detect this activity may not be effective in all cases. Prevention and detection among our independent financial advisors, who are not employees of our company and tend to be located in small, decentralized offices, present additional challenges. Misconduct by our employees employees of our company and tend to be located in small, decentralized offices, present additional challenges. Misconduct by our employees and independent financial advisors may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Our risk management policies and procedures may leave us exposed to unidentified risks or an unanticipated level of risk. 16 The policies and procedures we employ to identify, monitor and manage risks may not be fully effective. Some methods of risk management are based on historical behavior. As a result, these methods may not predict future risk exposures, which could be significantly greater than indicated historically. Other risk management methods depend on our management's evaluation of information regarding markets, clients or other matters that are publicly available or otherwise accessible. This information may not be accurate, complete, up-to-date or properly evaluated. Management of operational, legal and regulatory risk requires, among other things, policies and procedures to properly record and verify a large number of transactions and events. We cannot assure you that our policies and procedures will effectively and accurately record and verify this information. Also, because our independent financial advisors work in small, decentralized offices, additional risk management challenges exist. We seek to monitor and control our risk exposure through a variety of separate but complementary financial, credit, operational and legal reporting systems. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of our ability to manage risk exposure can never be completely or accurately predicted or fully assured. For example, unexpectedly large or rapid movements or disruptions in one or more markets or other unforeseen developments can have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition, regardless of our risk management policies and procedures. Poor performance of the investment products and services recommended or sold to our clients may have a material adverse effect on our business. Our advisors' clients control their assets maintained with us. These clients can terminate their relationship, reduce the aggregate amount of assets under management or shift their funds to other types of accounts with different rate structures for any number of reasons, including investment performance, changes in prevailing interest rates, financial market performance and personal client liquidity needs. Poor performance of the investment products and services recommended or sold to such clients relative to the performance of other products available in the market or the performance of other investment management firms tends to result in the loss of accounts. The decrease in revenue that could result from such an event could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. We depend on our senior employees and the loss of their services could harm our business. Our success is dependent in large part upon the services of our senior executives and employees, including the management of our broker-dealer subsidiaries. We do not maintain and do not intend to obtain key man insurance on the life of any executive or employee. If our senior executives or employees terminate their employment with us and we are unable to find suitable replacements in relatively short periods of time, our business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. Systems failures could significantly disrupt our business. Our business depends on our and our clearing firms’ ability to process, on a daily basis, many transactions across numerous and diverse markets and the transactions we process have become increasingly complex. We rely heavily on our communications and financial, accounting and other data processing systems, including systems we maintain and systems provided by our clearing brokers and service providers. We face operational risk arising from mistakes made in the confirmation or settlement of transactions or from transactions not being properly recorded, evaluated or accounted. If any of these systems do not operate properly or are disabled, we could suffer financial loss, a disruption of our business, liability to clients, regulatory intervention and fines or reputational damage. Any failure or interruption of our systems, the systems of our clearing brokers, or third party trading systems could cause delays or other problems in our securities trading activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. Also, our clearing brokers provide our principal disaster recovery system. We cannot assure you that we or our clearing brokers will not suffer any systems failures or interruption, including ones caused by earthquake, fire, other natural disasters, power or telecommunications failure, act of God, act of war, cyber attacks, unauthorized access, viruses, human error, terrorism, or otherwise, or that our or our clearing brokers' back-up procedures and capabilities in the event of any such failure or interruption will be adequate. The inability of our or our clearing brokers' systems to accommodate an increasing volume of transactions could also constrain our ability to expand our business. Failure to adequately protect the integrity of our computer systems and safeguard the transmission of confidential information could harm our business. The secure transmission of confidential information over public networks is a critical element of our operations. A portion of our business is conducted through the Internet, mobile devices and our internal computer systems. We rely on technology to provide the security necessary to effect secure transmission of confidential information over the Internet. 17 Although we take protective measures and endeavor to modify them as circumstances warrant, the computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, human error, computer viruses, denial-of-service attacks, or other malicious code and other events that could impact the security, reliability, and availability of our systems. If one or more of these events occur, this could jeopardize our own, our advisors’ or their clients’ or counterparties’ confidential and other information processed, stored in and transmitted through our computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our own, our advisors’ or their clients’, our counterparties’ or third parties’ operations. We may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify our protective measures, to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures or to make required notifications, and we may be subject to litigation, regulatory sanctions and financial losses that are either not insured or are not fully covered through any insurance we maintain. A default by any of Ladenburg’s subtenants may have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, cash flows, and results of operations. Ladenburg has subleased office space at 590 Madison Avenue, New York, New York to three unrelated subtenants, some of whom are engaged in the financial services industry. The subleases provide for sublease payments to Ladenburg of approximately $7 million through June 2015. Should any of the sub-tenants not pay their respective sublease payments to Ladenburg or otherwise default under a sublease, our results of operations may be materially adversely affected. For additional information regarding these subleases, see Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report. We rely on two clearing brokers and the termination of our clearing agreements could disrupt our business. Each of Ladenburg, Triad and Investacorp uses one clearing broker to process securities transactions and maintain customer accounts on a fee basis. Securities America uses this same clearing broker and an additional clearing broker to perform the same functions. Each clearing broker also provides billing services, extends credit and provides for control and receipt, custody and delivery of securities. Each of our broker-dealer subsidiaries depends on the operational capacity and ability of its clearing broker for the orderly processing of transactions. By engaging the processing services of a clearing firm, each of our broker-dealer subsidiaries is exempt from some capital reserve requirements and other regulatory requirements imposed by federal and state securities laws. If these clearing agreements were terminated for any reason, we would be forced to find alternative clearing arrangements. We cannot assure you that we would be able to find alternative clearing arrangements on acceptable terms to us or at all. Also, the loss of a clearing firm could hamper the ability of our independent broker-dealers to recruit and retain their respective independent financial advisors. Our business depends on commissions and fees generated from the distribution of financial products, and adverse changes in the structure or amount of fees or marketing allowances paid by the sponsors of these products could materially adversely affect our cash flows, revenues and results of operations. We generate an important portion of our revenues from commissions and fees related to the distribution of financial products, such as mutual funds and variable annuities, by our independent financial advisors, and to a lesser extent, Ladenburg’s financial advisors. Changes in the structure or amount of the fees or marketing allowances paid by the sponsors of these products could materially adversely affect our cash flows, revenues and results of operations. Also, regulatory agencies and other industry participants have suggested that Rule 12b-1 distribution fees in the mutual fund industry should be reconsidered and, potentially, reduced or eliminated. Any reduction or restructuring of Rule 12b-1 distribution fees could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Additionally, the U.S. Department of Labor, which promulgates rules related to retirement plans, is considering eliminating commissions and 12b-1 fees on qualified retirement accounts, including IRAs. Any decrease in client assets or assets under management may decrease our revenues. The results of operations of our independent broker dealer segment depend on their level of assets under management and client assets. Assets under management balances are impacted by both the flow of client assets in and out of accounts and changes in market values. Poor investment performance by financial products and financial advisors could result in a loss of managed accounts and could result in reputational damage that might make it more difficult to attract new investors. A reduction in client assets or assets under management may cause our revenues to decline. Our clearing firms extend credit to our clients and we are liable if the clients do not pay. 18 Each of our broker-dealer subsidiaries permits its clients to purchase securities on a margin basis or sell securities short, which means that the applicable clearing firm extends the client credit that is secured by cash and securities in the client’s account. Market conditions, general economic conditions and issues affecting the particular securities held by a client, among other factors, could cause the value of the collateral held by the clearing firm to fall below the amount borrowed by the client. If margin requirements are not sufficient to cover losses, the clearing broker sells or buys securities at prevailing market prices, and may incur losses to satisfy client obligations. Each of our broker-dealer subsidiaries has agreed to indemnify its clearing brokers for losses they may incur while extending credit to its clients. Significant interest rate changes and the expiration of our current cash sweep agreement could affect our profitability and financial condition. Our revenues are exposed to interest rate risk primarily from changes in fees payable to us from banks participating in cash sweep programs, which are based on prevailing interest rates. Also, in the current low interest rate environment, our revenue may decline due to the expiration of our existing cash sweep program, which contains favorable pricing terms. Any future contracts with participants in cash sweep programs may contain less favorable terms, which would decrease our revenue and profitability. Also, decreases in interest rates or clients moving assets out of our cash sweep programs would decrease our revenue and profitability. We may also be limited in the amount we can reduce interest rates payable to clients in cash sweep programs and still offer a competitive return. A sustained low interest rate environment may negatively impact our ability to negotiate existing contracts on comparable terms. We may be unable to underwrite securities due to capital limits. From time to time, our underwriting activities may require that we temporarily receive an infusion of capital for regulatory purposes. This is predicated on the amount of Ladenburg's commitment for each underwriting. In the past, we entered into temporary subordinated loan arrangements with our shareholders or clearing firm. Should we no longer be able to receive such funding from these sources, and if there are no other viable sources available, it would have an adverse impact on our ability to underwrite offerings, generate profits, recruit financial consultants and retain existing customers. Risk Factors Relating to Our Industry Credit risk exposes us to losses caused by third parties’ financial or other problems. We are exposed to the risk that third parties that owe us money, securities or other assets will not perform their obligations. These parties include: trading counterparties; customers; clearing agents; other dealers; exchanges; broker- clearing and houses; other financial intermediaries as well as issuers whose securities we hold. • • • • • • • These parties may default on their obligations owed to us due to bankruptcy, lack of liquidity, operational failure or other reasons. This risk may arise, for example, from: • • • holding parties; securities of third executing securities trades that fail to settle at the required time due to non-delivery by the counterparty or systems failure by clearing agents, exchanges, clearing houses or other financial intermediaries; and extending credit to clients through bridge or margin loans or other arrangements. 19 Significant failures by third parties to perform their obligations owed to us could adversely affect our revenues, results of operations and perhaps our ability to borrow in the credit markets. Intense competition from existing and new entities may adversely affect our revenues and results of operations. The securities industry is rapidly evolving and intensely competitive. We expect competition to continue and intensify in the future. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. Some of our competitors also have greater name recognition and a larger base of financial advisors and clients. These competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or changing opportunities, technologies and client requirements. They may also be able to undertake more extensive marketing activities, offer more attractive terms to clients and financial advisors, and adopt more aggressive pricing policies. We may not be able to compete effectively with current or future competitors and competitive pressures faced by us may harm our business and may adversely affect our revenues and results of operations. Errors and omissions claims may negatively affect our business and results of operations. Our subsidiaries are subject to claims and litigation in the ordinary course of business resulting from alleged and actual errors and omissions in effecting securities transactions, rendering investment advice and placing insurance. These activities involve substantial amounts of money. Since errors and omissions claims against our subsidiaries or their financial advisors may allege liability for all or part of the amounts in question, claimants may seek large damage awards. These claims can involve significant defense costs. Errors and omissions could include, for example, failure, whether negligently or intentionally, to effect securities transactions on behalf of clients, to choose suitable investments for any particular client, to supervise a financial advisor or to provide insurance carriers with complete and accurate information. It is not always possible to prevent or detect errors and omissions, and the precautions our subsidiaries take may not be effective in all cases. Moreover, our Ladenburg subsidiary and its financial advisors do not carry errors and omissions insurance coverage. Our liability for significant and successful errors and omissions claims may materially and negatively affect our results of operations. We are subject to various risks associated with the securities industry, any of which could have a materially adverse effect on our business, cash flows and results of operations. We are subject to uncertainties that are common in the securities industry. These uncertainties include: • • • • • • • the volatility of domestic and international financial, bond and stock markets; governmental extensive regulation; litigation; intense competition; poor performance of investment products our advisors recommend or sell; substantial fluctuations in the volume and price level of securities; and dependence on the solvency of various third parties. As a result, revenues and earnings may vary significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year. In periods of low retail and institutional brokerage volume and reduced investment banking activity, profitability is impaired because certain expenses remain relatively fixed. We are smaller and have less capital than many of our competitors in the securities industry. In the event of a market downturn, our business could be adversely affected in many ways. Our revenues are likely to decline in such circumstances and, if we are unable to reduce expenses at the same pace, our profit margins would erode. Legal liability may harm our business. Many aspects of our business subject us to substantial risks of liability to customers and to regulatory enforcement proceedings by state and federal regulators. We face significant legal risks in our businesses and, in recent years, the volume of claims and amount of damages sought in litigation and regulatory proceedings against financial institutions have been increasing. In the normal course of business, our operating subsidiaries have been, and continue to be, the subject of numerous civil actions, regulatory proceedings and arbitrations arising out of customer complaints relating to our activities as a broker-dealer, as an employer or as a result of other business activities. 20 Dissatisfied clients often make claims against securities firms and their brokers and investment advisers for, among others, negligence, fraud, unauthorized trading, suitability, churning, failure to conduct adequate due diligence on products offered, failure to address issues arising from product due diligence, failure to supervise, breach of fiduciary duty, employee errors, intentional misconduct, unauthorized transactions, improper recruiting activity, and failures in the processing of securities transactions. These types of claims expose us to the risk of significant loss. Also, an underwriter, such as Ladenburg, is exposed to substantial liability under federal and state securities laws, other federal and state laws, and court decisions, including decisions about underwriters’ liability and limitations on indemnification of underwriters by issuers. For example, a firm that acts as an underwriter may be held liable for material misstatements or omissions of fact in a prospectus used in connection with the securities being offered or for statements made by its securities analysts or other personnel. Therefore, Ladenburg's activities may subject it to the risk of significant legal liabilities to its clients and aggrieved third parties, including stockholders of its clients who could bring securities class actions against Ladenburg. As a result, Ladenburg may incur significant legal and other expenses in defending against litigation and may be required to pay substantial damages for settlements and adverse judgments. Ladenburg's underwriting activities often involve offerings of the securities of smaller companies, which may involve a higher degree of risk and are more volatile than the securities of more established companies. In comparison with more established companies, smaller companies are also more likely to be the subject of securities class actions, to carry directors and officers liability insurance policies with lower limits or not at all, and to become insolvent. Each of these factors increases the likelihood that an underwriter of a smaller company’s securities will be required to contribute to an adverse judgment or settlement of a securities lawsuit. While we do not expect the outcome of any pending claims against us to have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, or results of operations, we cannot assure you that these types of proceedings, which may generate losses that significantly exceed our reserves, will not materially and adversely affect us. Also, legal or regulatory actions could cause significant reputational harm, which could in turn seriously harm our business prospects. Risk Factors Relating to the Regulatory Environment We are subject to extensive regulation and the failure to comply with these regulations could subject us to penalties or sanctions. The securities industry and our business is subject to extensive regulation by the SEC, state securities regulators and other governmental regulatory authorities. We are also regulated by industry self-regulatory organizations, including FINRA and the MSRB. The regulatory environment is also subject to change and we may be adversely affected as a result of new or revised legislation or regulations imposed by the SEC, other federal or state governmental regulatory authorities, or self-regulatory organizations. We also may be adversely affected by changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules by these governmental authorities and self-regulatory organizations. Each of Securities America, Ladenburg, Investacorp and Triad is a registered broker-dealer with the SEC and FINRA. Premier Trust is subject to regulation by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry Financial Institutions Division. Broker-dealers are subject to regulations which cover all aspects of the securities business, including: • • • • • • • sales supervision; methods and trading practices dealers; among broker- use and safekeeping of customers’ funds and securities; structure of securities capital firms; record keeping; conduct of directors, officers and employees; and advertising, solicitation. including regulations related to telephone Compliance with many of these regulations involves a number of risks, particularly in areas where applicable regulations may be subject to varying interpretation. The requirements imposed by these regulators are designed to ensure the integrity of the financial markets and to protect customers and other third parties who deal with us. Consequently, these regulations often serve to limit our activities, including through net capital, customer protection and market conduct requirements. Much of the regulation of broker-dealers has been delegated to self- regulatory organizations, principally FINRA. FINRA adopts rules, subject to SEC approval, that govern broker-dealers and conducts periodic examinations of firms’ operations. 21 If we are found to have violated any applicable regulation, formal administrative or judicial proceedings may be initiated against us that may result in: • • • • • • • censure; fine; civil penalties, including treble damages in the case of insider trading violations; issuance of the orders; cease-and-desist termination or suspension of our broker-dealer the activities; the suspension or disqualification of our officers or employees; or other consequences. adverse Certain of our subsidiaries have been subject to some of the penalties listed above. For instance, in March 2014, two of our broker-dealer subsidiaries entered into agreements with FINRA under which they agreed to fines, censures and other relief. The imposition of any of the penalties listed above could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition. Extensive or frequent changes in regulations could adversely affect our business and results of operations. The securities industry is subject to extensive and frequently changing requirements under federal and state securities and other applicable laws and self-regulatory organization rules. The SEC, FINRA, various securities exchanges and other U.S. governmental or regulatory authorities continuously review legislation and regulatory initiatives and may adopt new or revised laws and regulations. Such laws and regulations may be complex, and we may not have the benefit of regulatory or federal interpretations to guide us in compliance. Changes in laws and regulation or new interpretations of existing laws and regulations also could have an adverse effect on our methods and costs of doing business. For example, certain state securities regulators require that investors in certain securities meet minimum income and/or net worth standards. These standards vary from state to state and change frequently. Changes to suitability standards may require us to expend resources to ensure that we and our financial advisors comply with the new standards. If a financial advisor does not satisfy the requirements with regard to suitability standards, we could be subject to substantial liability, including fines, penalties and possibly rescission. Along with suitability requirements, state regulators have also imposed limitations on an investor’s exposure to direct investment programs. The breadth and scope of these limitations have varied considerably and may operate to limit the exposure that a resident of a particular state has to a product, sponsor or direct investment programs generally. These concentration limitations have been applied with increasing frequency and have increasingly targeted all direct investment programs. Also, with respect to direct investment programs, FINRA has proposed amendments to its rules that govern disclosure of a per share estimated value of a direct investment program security. Under one of the proposed amendments, the share value of a direct investment program security may be shown as the offering price per share less dealer manager fees, selling commissions, organization and offering expenses and potentially certain distributions, paid per share. The proposed amendments could adversely impact direct investment programs if investors or financial advisors react negatively to the new disclosure regime, and such an adverse impact may harm our results of operations. Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act may impact the manner in which we operate our business and interact with regulators and many regulations under the Dodd-Frank Act have not yet been proposed or implemented. In particular, the impact of the establishment of a fiduciary standard for broker-dealers is uncertain and may require us to expend resources to ensure that we and our financial advisors comply with the new standards. Legislative, judicial or regulatory changes to the classification of independent contractors could increase our operating expenses. From time to time, various legislative or regulatory proposals are introduced at the federal or state levels to change the status of independent contractors’ classification to employees for either employment tax purposes (withholding, social security, Medicare and unemployment taxes) or other benefits available to employees. Currently, most individuals are classified as employees or independent contractors for employment tax purposes based on 20 “common law” factors, rather than any definition found in the Internal Revenue Code or Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) regulations. 22 Each of Securities America, Investacorp and Triad classifies its financial advisors as independent contractors for all purposes, including employment tax and employee benefit purposes. We cannot assure you that legislative, judicial, or regulatory (including tax) authorities will not introduce proposals or assert interpretations of existing rules and regulations that would change the employee/independent contractor classification of Securities America’s, Investacorp’s and Triad’s financial advisors. The costs associated with potential changes, if any, to these independent contractor classifications could have a material adverse effect on us, including our results of operations and financial condition. Failure to comply with capital requirements could subject us to suspension, revocation or fines by the SEC, FINRA or other regulators. Our broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the SEC’s Net Capital Rule, which requires the maintenance of minimum net capital. Also, Securities America is subject to the net capital requirements of CFTC Regulation 1.17. Under Nevada law, Premier Trust must maintain minimum stockholders’ equity of at least $1,000,000, including at least $250,000 in cash. At December 31, 2013, each of our broker-dealer subsidiaries exceeded its minimum net capital requirement and Premier Trust exceeded its minimum stockholder's equity requirement. The Net Capital Rule is designed to measure the general financial integrity and liquidity of a broker-dealer. In computing net capital, various adjustments are made to net worth which exclude assets not readily convertible into cash. The regulations also require that certain assets, such as a broker-dealer’s position in securities, be valued in a conservative manner to avoid inflation of the broker-dealer’s net capital. The Net Capital Rule requires a broker-dealer to maintain a minimum level of net capital. The particular levels vary depending upon the nature of the activity undertaken by a firm. Compliance with the Net Capital Rule limits those operations of broker-dealers which require the intensive use of their capital, such as underwriting commitments and principal trading activities. The rule also limits the ability of securities firms to pay dividends or make payments on certain indebtedness such as subordinated debt as it matures. A significant operating loss or any charge against net capital could adversely affect the ability of a broker-dealer to expand or, depending on the magnitude of the loss or charge, maintain its then present level of business. FINRA may enter the offices of a broker-dealer at any time, without notice, and calculate the firm’s net capital. If the calculation reveals a net capital deficiency, FINRA may immediately restrict or suspend some or all of the broker-dealer’s activities, including its ability to make markets. Our broker-dealer subsidiaries may not be able to maintain adequate net capital, or their net capital may fall below requirements established by the SEC or the CFTC, as applicable, and subject us to disciplinary action in the form of fines, censure, suspension, expulsion or the termination of business altogether. During the fourth quarter of 2009, Triad had a short-term net- capital deficiency and in March 2014 entered into a settlement with FINRA under which Triad agreed to a fine and censure. Risk Factors Relating to Strategic Acquisitions and the Integration of Acquired Operations We may be unable to successfully integrate acquired businesses into our existing business and operations, which may adversely affect our cash flows, liquidity and results of operations. We have completed numerous acquisitions since 2006. We continue to explore opportunities to grow our businesses, including through potential acquisitions of other securities firms, both domestically and internationally. These acquisitions may involve payments of material amounts of cash, incurrence of a material amount of debt or the issuance of significant amounts of our equity securities, which may increase our leverage and/or be dilutive to our existing shareholders. We may experience difficulty integrating the operations of these entities or any other entities acquired in the future into our existing business and operations. Furthermore, we may not be able retain all of the employees we acquire as a result of these transactions. If we are unable to effectively address these risks, we may be required to restructure the acquired businesses or write-off the value of some or all of the assets of the acquired business. If we are unable to successfully integrate acquired businesses into our existing business and operations in the future, it could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, cash flows and results of operations. We may be adversely affected if the firms we acquire do not perform as expected. Even if we successfully complete acquisitions, we may be adversely affected if the acquired firms do not perform as expected. The firms we acquire may perform below expectations after the acquisition for various reasons, including legislative or regulatory changes that affect the products in which a firm specializes, the loss of key clients, employees and/or financial advisors after the acquisition closing, general economic factors and the cultural incompatibility of an acquired firm’s management team with us. The failure of firms to perform as expected at the time of acquisition may have an adverse effect on our earnings and revenue growth rates, and may result in impairment charges and/or generate losses or charges to earnings. We face numerous risks and uncertainties as we expand our business. 23 We expect the growth of our business to come primarily from organic growth and through acquisitions. As we expand our business, there can be no assurance that our financial controls, the level and knowledge of our personnel, our operational abilities, our legal and compliance controls and our other corporate support systems will be adequate to manage our business and our growth. The ineffectiveness of any of these controls or systems could adversely affect our business and prospects. In addition, as we acquire new businesses, we face numerous risks and uncertainties integrating their controls and systems into ours, including financial controls, accounting and data processing systems, management controls and other operations. A failure to integrate these systems and controls, and even an inefficient integration of these systems and controls, could adversely affect our business, cash flows and results of operations. Risk Factors Relating to Owning Our Stock The price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock may fluctuate significantly, and this may make it difficult for you to resell the shares of our stock at prices you find attractive. The trading price of our common stock, as reported by the NYSE MKT, has ranged from a low of $1.20 to a high of $3.54 per share for the 52 week period ended December 31, 2013. The trading price of our Series A Preferred Stock, as reported by the NYSE MKT, has ranged from a low of $22.77 to a high of $25.90 per share during 2013. We expect that the market price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock will continue to fluctuate significantly. The market price of our stock may fluctuate in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • variations results; in quarterly operating general economic and business conditions, including conditions in the securities brokerage and investment banking markets; prevailing interest rates, increases in which may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Series A Preferred Stock; trading securities; prices of similar the annual yield from dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock as compared to yields on other financial instruments; our announcements of acquisitions; significant contracts, milestones or relationships our companies; with other our ability capital; to obtain needed additions personnel; or departures of key initiation or outcome of the proceedings; litigation or arbitration sales of common stock, conversion of securities convertible into common stock, exercise of options and warrants to purchase common stock or termination of stock transfer restrictions; legislation or regulatory policies, practices or actions changes in financial estimates by securities analysts; and fluctuation volume. in stock market price and Any one of these factors could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and/or Series A Preferred Stock. Also, the stock market in recent years has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have materially affected the market prices of equity securities of many companies and that often have been unrelated to such companies’ operating performance. These market fluctuations have adversely impacted the price of our common stock in the past and may do so in the future. 24 Also, shareholders may initiate securities class action lawsuits if the market price of our stock drops significantly, which may cause us to incur substantial costs and divert our management’s time and attention. These factors, among others, could significantly depress the price of our common stock. Our principal shareholders including our directors and officers control a large percentage of our shares of common stock and can significantly influence our corporate actions. At March 1, 2014, our named executive officers, directors and their affiliates, beneficially owned approximately 45.67% of our common stock. Accordingly, these individuals and entities can significantly influence most, if not all, of our corporate actions, including the election of directors and the appointment of officers. Also, this ownership of our common stock may make it difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, therefore possibly discouraging third parties from seeking to acquire us. A third party would have to negotiate any possible transactions with these principal shareholders, and their interests may be different from the interests of our other shareholders. This may depress the price of our common stock. Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate substantially due to the nature of our business and therefore we may fail to meet profitability expectations. Our operating results may fluctuate from quarter to quarter and from year to year due to a combination of factors, including: fluctuations in capital markets, which may affect trading activity in commission-based accounts and asset values in fee-based accounts, the level of underwriting and advisory transactions completed by Ladenburg and attrition of financial advisors. Accordingly, our results of operations may fluctuate significantly due to an increased or decreased number of transactions in any particular quarter or year. Reports published by securities or industry analysts, including projections in those reports that exceed our actual results, could adversely affect our stock price and trading volume. Research analysts publish their own quarterly projections regarding our operating results. These projections may vary widely from one another and may not accurately predict the results we actually achieve. Our stock price may decline if we fail to meet securities research analysts’ predictions. Similarly, if one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our stock or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price could decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on us regularly, our stock price or trading volume could decline. Possible additional issuances will cause dilution. At December 31, 2013, we had outstanding 181,433,815 shares of common stock, options and warrants to purchase a total of 55,398,631 shares of common stock and 6,189,497 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock. We are authorized to issue up to 600,000,000 shares of common stock and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock and are able to issue a significant number of additional shares without obtaining shareholder approval. If we issue additional shares, or if our existing shareholders exercise their outstanding options and warrants, our other shareholders may be significantly diluted, which means that they would own a smaller percentage of our company. We may issue preferred stock with preferential rights that may adversely affect your rights. The rights of our shareholders will be subject to and may be adversely affected by the rights of holders of any preferred stock that we may issue in the future. Our articles of incorporation authorize our board of directors to issue up to 25,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock and to fix the rights, preferences, privilege and restrictions, including voting rights, of these shares without further shareholder approval. We do not expect to pay any cash dividends on our common stock. We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, you must rely on sales of your common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any positive return on your investment in our common stock. Net capital requirements imposed on our broker-dealer subsidiaries by the SEC and our obligation to pay dividends on our Series A Preferred Stock restrict our ability to pay dividends on our common stock. Market interest rates may materially and adversely affect the value of the Series A Preferred Stock. 25 One of the factors that influences the price of the Series A Preferred Stock is the dividend yield on the Series A Preferred Stock (as a percentage of the market price of the Series A Preferred Stock) relative to market interest rates. An increase in market interest rates, which are currently at low levels relative to historical rates, may lead prospective purchasers of the Series A Preferred Stock to expect a higher dividend yield (and higher interest rates would likely increase our borrowing costs and potentially decrease funds available for dividend payments). Thus, higher market interest rates could cause the market price of the Series A Preferred Stock to materially decrease. We may not be able to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock. Under Florida law, we may not make any distribution to our shareholders, including holding of the Series A Preferred Stock, if, after giving effect to the distribution, we would not be able to pay our debts as they become due in the usual course of business, or our total assets would be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed, if we were to be dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of shareholders whose preferred rights are superior to those receiving the distribution. Our ability to pay cash dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock will require us to have positive net assets (total assets less total liabilities) over our capital and to be able to pay our debts as they become due in the usual course of business. Further, notwithstanding these factors, we may not have sufficient cash to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock. Our ability to pay dividends may be impaired if any of the risks described in this report were to occur. Also, payment of our dividends depends upon our financial condition and other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time. We cannot assure you that our businesses will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to make distributions on our common stock, if any, and preferred stock, including the Series A Preferred Stock to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If our common stock is delisted, the ability to transfer or sell shares of our Series A Preferred Stock may be limited and the market value of our Series A Preferred Stock will likely be materially adversely affected. Other than in connection with a Change of Control (as defined in the terms of our Series A Preferred Stock), our Series A Preferred Stock does not contain provisions that are intended to protect a holder if our common stock is delisted from the NYSE MKT. Since the Series A Preferred Stock has no stated maturity date, holders may be forced to hold shares of our Series A Preferred Stock and receive stated dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock when, as and if authorized by our board of directors and paid by us with no assurance as to ever receiving the liquidation value thereof. Also, if our common stock is delisted from the NYSE MKT, it is likely that our Series A Preferred Stock will be delisted from the NYSE MKT as well. Accordingly, if our common stock is delisted from the NYSE MKT, the ability to transfer or sell shares of our Series A Preferred Stock may be limited and the market value of our Series A Preferred Stock will likely be materially adversely affected. The change of control conversion rights of our Series A Preferred Stock may make it more difficult for a party to acquire us or discourage a party from acquiring us. Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, each holder of the Series A Preferred Stock has, subject to certain exceptions, the right to convert some or all of such holder’s Series A Preferred Stock into shares of our common stock (or under specified circumstances, certain alternative consideration). The Change of Control conversion feature of the Series A Preferred Stock may have the effect of discouraging a third party from making an acquisition proposal for us or of delaying, deferring or preventing certain of our change of control transactions under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price of such stock or that shareholders may otherwise believe is in their best interests. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS. None. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES. Our principal executive offices are located at 4400 Biscayne Boulevard, 12th Floor, Miami, Florida 33137, where we have leased approximately 18,150 square feet of office space. The lessor is Frost Real Estate Holdings, LLC, an entity affiliated with Dr. Phillip Frost, our Chairman of the Board and principal shareholder. Our lease was renewed in March 2013 and now expires in February 2018, and the amount of office space leased was increased from approximately 15,800 square feet. 26 Ladenburg’s principal executive offices are located at 570 Lexington Avenue, 11th floor, New York, New York 10022, where it subleases approximately 38,000 square feet of office space under a lease that expires in April 2017. Ladenburg previously occupied office space at 520 Madison Avenue, New York, New York; Ladenburg entered into an agreement to terminate that sublease effective in December 2013. Ladenburg previously occupied office space at 590 Madison Avenue, New York, New York and has subleased all of this space to three unrelated parties on various terms providing for sublease payments to Ladenburg of approximately $7 million. The lease, under which Ladenburg is still obligated as the main lessor, expires in June 2015. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors - A default by any of Ladenburg’s subtenants may have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, cash flows and results of operations” above. Ladenburg also operates branch offices in leased office space. Such branch offices are located in Miami, Naples and Boca Raton, Florida, Princeton, New Jersey, Boston, Massachusetts, Houston, Texas, Calabasas, California, Melville, New York and New York, New York. Our independent financial advisors are responsible for the office space they occupy, whether by lease or otherwise. Information regarding the principal executive offices used in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment is listed below. Securities America's principal executive offices are located at 12325 Port Grace Boulevard, La Vista, NE 68128, where it leases approximately 80,000 square feet of office space under a lease that expires in January 2018. Investacorp’s principal executive offices are located at 4400 Biscayne Boulevard, 11th Floor, Miami, Florida 33137, where it leases from Frost Real Estate Holdings, LLC approximately 11,475 square feet of office space under a lease that expires in September 2015. Triad’s principal executive offices are located at 5185 Peachtree Parkway, Suite 280, Norcross, Georgia, 30092, where it leases approximately 11,300 square feet of office space under a lease that expires in June 2017. Premier Trust’s principal executive offices are located at 4465 S. Jones Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89103 where it leases approximately 12,400 square feet of office space under a lease that expires in February 2016. We believe that our existing properties are adequate for the current operating requirements of our business and that additional space will be available as needed. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. The information under the heading “Litigation and Regulatory Matters” contained in Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference in this Item 3. ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES. Not applicable. PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES. Our common stock trades on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “LTS.” The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices of our common stock for the periods specified: 2013 2012 High Low High Low $ 1.72 $ 1.74 2.02 3.54 1.20 $ 1.36 1.61 1.68 2.65 $ 1.83 1.66 1.44 1.78 1.33 1.25 1.14 Period First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Holders At March 1, 2014, there were approximately 3,702 record holders of our common stock. Dividends 27 We have never paid or declared any dividends on our common stock. The payment of future dividends, if any, will be at our board of director’s discretion after taking into account our financial condition, operating results, anticipated cash needs and any other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. The net capital requirements imposed on our broker-dealer subsidiaries by the SEC, the obligation to pay dividends on our outstanding preferred stock and covenants contained in our outstanding debt agreements also restrict our ability to pay dividends. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities This table shows information regarding our purchases of our common stock during the fourth quarter of 2013. Period October 1 to October 31, 2013 November 1 to November 30, 2013 December 1 to December 31, 2013 Total Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs 104,162 $ — 100,000 204,162 $ 1.85 — 3.18 2.50 104,162 — 100,000 204,162 Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(1) 3,850,243 3,850,243 3,750,243 (1)In March 2007, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2,500,000 shares of our common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions depending on market conditions. In October 2011, our board amended this repurchase program to permit the purchase of up to an additional 5,000,000 shares. As of December 31, 2013, 3,749,757 shares have been repurchased for $6,089 under the program. On August 15, 2013, we purchased 3,000,000 shares of its common stock at a price of $1.67 per share in a privately-negotiated transaction, which was not made pursuant to its stock repurchase program. ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA. The selected financial data set forth below is derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. You should read this selected financial data together with Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K: 28 Operating Results: Total revenues Total expenses Income (loss) before item shown below Change in fair value of contingent consideration Income (loss) before income taxes Net (loss) income Per common and equivalent share: Basic and diluted: (Loss) income per common share Basic weighted average common shares Diluted weighted average common shares Balance Sheet Data: Total assets Total liabilities Shareholders’ equity Other Data: Book value per share Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 (In thousands, except share and per share amounts) $ 793,116 $ 790,591 650,111 $ 672,114 273,600 (a) $ 285,902 194,526 $ 204,616 150,675 168,279 2,525 (22,003) (12,302) (10,090) (17,604) (121) 7,111 — — — 2,404 (522) (14,892) (16,354) (12,302) 3,893 (10,090) (10,951) (17,604) (18,673) $ (0.04) $ (0.09) $ 0.02 $ (0.06) $ (0.11) 182,295,476 183,572,582 183,023,590 175,698,489 168,623,375 182,295,476 183,572,582 189,014,028 175,698,489 168,623,375 $ 360,820 $ 167,407 193,361 338,129 $ 286,908 51,221 $ 347,145 283,702 63,443 101,825 $ 54,906 46,919 94,637 56,843 37,794 $ 1.06 $ 0.28 $ 0.34 $ 0.26 $ 0.22 (a)Includes $57,090 of revenue from Securities America (acquired November 4, 2011). ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Overview We are engaged in independent brokerage and advisory services, investment banking, equity research, institutional sales and trading, asset management services and trust services through our principal subsidiaries, Securities America, Triad, Investacorp, Ladenburg, LTAM and Premier Trust. We are committed to establishing a significant presence in the financial services industry by meeting the varying investment needs of our clients. We have two operating segments, consisting of the independent brokerage and advisory services business conducted by Securities America, Investacorp and Triad, which includes the trust services provided by Premier Trust, and the investment banking, sales and trading and asset management services and investment activities conducted by Ladenburg and LTAM. Acquisition Strategy We continue to explore opportunities to grow our businesses, including through potential acquisitions of other financial services firms, both domestically and internationally. 29 These acquisitions may involve payments of material amounts of cash, the incurrence of material amounts of debt, which may increase our leverage, or the issuance of significant amounts of our equity securities, which may be dilutive to our existing shareholders. We cannot assure you that we will be able to complete any such potential acquisitions on acceptable terms or at all or, if we do, that any acquired business will be profitable. We also may not be able to integrate successfully acquired businesses into our existing business and operations. Recent Developments Preferred Stock Offerings On May 24, 2013, we completed a public offering of 4,600,000 shares of our 8.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (referred to as Series A Preferred Stock), which has a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share. On May 31, 2013, we completed the offering of an additional 690,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters in connection with the offering. Total gross proceeds from the offering were $132,250, before deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses of $5,972. Our broker- dealer subsidiaries were responsible for $5,148 of the net underwriting discount. Accordingly, our corporate segment revenues decreased $5,148 as a result of eliminating the revenue earned by our broker-dealer subsidiaries. On June 24, 2013, we entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement under which we may sell up to an aggregate of 3,000,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock from time to time in an “at the market” offering under Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. As of December 31, 2013, we sold 899,497 shares of Series A Preferred Stock under the "at the market" offering for total net proceeds of $21,651. From January 1, 2014 through March 7, 2014, we sold an additional 469,716 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, which provided net proceeds of $10,601. We used the net proceeds from the offerings of Series A Preferred Stock to prepay $110,850 principal amount of the $160,700 aggregate principal amount of our 11% notes due 2016, which were used to finance our 2011 acquisition of Securities America, and to repay the outstanding borrowings (approximately $39,300) under our revolving credit agreement with an affiliate of our principal shareholder and the chairman of our board of directors, Phillip Frost, M.D. In connection with the prepayment of the 11% notes, we recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt expense of $4,547 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2013. Stock Repurchases During 2013, we repurchased an aggregate of 3,767,790 shares of our common stock for $6,446, including 767,790 shares purchased for $1,436 under our stock repurchase program. On August 15, 2013, we purchased 3,000,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.67 per share in a privately-negotiated transaction, which was not made pursuant to our stock repurchase program. Critical Accounting Policies General. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, referred to as GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Clearing Arrangements. Our broker-dealer subsidiaries do not carry accounts for customers or perform custodial functions related to customers’ securities. Each of Securities America, Ladenburg, Investacorp and Triad introduces all of its customer transactions, which are not reflected in these financial statements, to its clearing brokers, which maintain the customers’ accounts and clear such transactions. Also, the clearing brokers provide the clearing and depository operations for Securities America’s, Ladenburg’s, Investacorp’s and Triad’s proprietary securities transactions. These activities may expose us to off-balance-sheet risk in the event that customers do not fulfill their obligations with the clearing brokers, as we have agreed to indemnify our clearing brokers for any resulting losses. We continually assess risk associated with each customer who is on margin credit and record an estimated loss when we believe collection from the customer is unlikely. We incurred losses from these arrangements, prior to any recoupment from our financial advisors, of $148, $8 and $36 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 30 Customer Claims, Litigation and Regulatory Matters. In the ordinary course of business, our operating subsidiaries have been and are the subject of numerous civil actions and arbitrations arising out of customer complaints relating to their activities as a broker-dealer, as an employer or supervisor and as a result of other business activities. In general, the cases involve various allegations that our employees or independent financial advisors had mishandled customer accounts. Due to the uncertain nature of litigation in general, we are unable to estimate a range of possible loss related to lawsuits filed against us, but based on our historical experience and consultation with counsel, we typically reserve an amount we believe will be sufficient to cover any damages assessed against us. We had accruals of $3,291 at December 31, 2013 and $27 at December 31, 2012 for potential losses. See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report. However, in the past we have been assessed damages that exceeded our reserves. If we misjudge the amount of damages that may be assessed against us from pending or threatened claims, or if we are unable to adequately estimate the amount of damages that will be assessed against us from claims that arise in the future and reserve accordingly, our operating income and liquidity would be reduced. Such costs may have a material adverse effect on our future financial position, results of operations and liquidity. Fair Value. “Trading securities owned” and “Securities sold, but not yet purchased” on our consolidated statements of financial condition are recorded at fair value, with related unrealized gains and losses recognized in our results of operations. The determination of fair value is fundamental to our financial condition and results of operations and, in certain circumstances, it requires management to make complex judgments. Fair values are based on listed market prices, where possible. If listed market prices are not available or if the liquidation of our positions would reasonably be expected to impact market prices, fair value is determined based on other relevant factors, including dealer price quotations. Fair values for certain derivative contracts are derived from pricing models that consider market and contractual prices for the underlying financial instruments or commodities, as well as time value and yield curve or volatility factors underlying the positions. Pricing models and their underlying assumptions impact the amount and timing of unrealized gains and losses recognized, and the use of different pricing models or assumptions could produce different financial results. Changes in the fixed income and equity markets will impact our estimates of fair value in the future, potentially affecting principal trading revenues. The illiquid nature of certain securities or debt instruments also requires a high degree of judgment in determining fair value due to the lack of listed market prices and the potential impact of the liquidation of our position on market prices, among other factors. The Financial Accounting Standards Board, which we refer to as the FASB, has issued authoritative accounting guidance that defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques. The guidance clarifies that fair value should be based on assumptions that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability. Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets. We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of tax benefits or expense on the temporary differences between the tax basis and book basis of our assets and liabilities as well as tax loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Net deferred tax amounts as of December 31, 2013, which consist principally of the tax benefit of net operating loss carryforwards, compensation charges related to equity instruments and deferred compensation liabilities, amounted to $35,470. After consideration of all the evidence, both positive and negative, especially the fact that we sustained a cumulative pre-tax loss for the fiscal years in the 2011 through 2013 period, we have determined that a valuation allowance at December 31, 2013 was necessary to fully offset the deferred tax assets based on the likelihood of future realization. At December 31, 2013, we had consolidated net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $80,000 for federal income tax purposes, expiring in various years from 2021 through 2032. Stock-Based Compensation. Our stock based compensation uses a fair value-based method to recognize non-cash compensation expense for share-based transactions. The accounting guidance requires an entity to measure the cost of employee, officer and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including stock options, based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The cost is recognized as compensation expense over the service period, which would normally be the vesting period of the options. Compensation expense for share-based awards granted to independent contractors is measured at their vesting date fair value. The compensation expense recognized each period is based on the awards' estimated value at the most recent reporting date. 31 Intangible Assets. We amortize intangible assets over their estimated useful lives generally on a straight-line basis. Intangible assets subject to amortization are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may be not recoverable. We assess the recoverability of our intangible assets by determining whether the unamortized balance can be recovered over the assets’ remaining life through undiscounted forecasted cash flows. If undiscounted forecasted cash flows indicate that the unamortized amounts will not be recovered, an adjustment will be made to reduce such amounts to an amount consistent with forecasted future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk associated with achieving future discounted cash flows. Future cash flows are based on trends of historical performance and our estimate of future performances, giving consideration to existing and anticipated competitive and economic conditions. Goodwill. Goodwill is not subject to amortization and is tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount. Fair value is typically based upon future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved or market based comparables. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value then an analysis will be performed to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of goodwill. An impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to excess of the carrying amount over the implied fair value. After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of goodwill is its new accounting basis. The annual impairment tests performed at December 31, 2013 and 2012 based on quantitative and qualitative assessments did not indicate that the carrying value of goodwill had been impaired. However, changes in circumstances or business conditions could result in an impairment of goodwill. Results of Operations The following discussion provides an assessment of our consolidated results of operations, capital resources and liquidity and should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of Ladenburg, Investacorp, Triad, Premier Trust, Securities America (since November 4, 2011) and our other wholly-owned subsidiaries. The following table includes a reconciliation of EBITDA, as adjusted, to net (loss) income attributable to the Company as reported: Total revenues Total expenses Pre-tax income (loss) Net (loss) income Reconciliation of EBITDA, as adjusted, to net (loss) income attributable to the Company: EBITDA, as adjusted Add: Interest income Income tax benefit Change in fair value of contingent consideration Less: Loss on extinguishment of debt Interest expense Income tax expense Depreciation and amortization Non-cash compensation expense Acquisition-related expense Amortization of retention loans Net (loss) income attributable to the Company Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2011 $ 793,116 $ 790,591 2,404 (522) 650,111 $ 672,114 (14,892) (16,354) 273,600 (1) 285,902 (12,302) 3,893 $ 51,625 $ 30,504 $ 8,422 185 — 7,111 — (24,541) (1,462) (16,061) (4,744) — (7,346) (16,354) $ 70 16,195 — — (6,543) — (5,632) (4,014) (2,971) (1,634) 3,893 194 — (121) (4,547) (15,438) (2,926) (15,315) (6,766) — (7,160) $ (454) $ 32 (1)Includes $57,090 of revenue from Securities America (acquired November 4, 2011). Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, adjusted for acquisition-related expense, amortization of retention loans and change in fair value of contingent consideration related to the Securities America acquisition, loss on extinguishment of debt and non-cash compensation expense is a key metric we use in evaluating our financial performance. EBITDA, as adjusted, is considered a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by Regulation G promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We consider EBITDA, as adjusted, important in evaluating our financial performance on a consistent basis across various periods. Due to the significance of non-cash and non-recurring items, EBITDA, as adjusted, enables our Board of Directors and management to monitor and evaluate the business on a consistent basis. We use EBITDA, as adjusted, as a primary measure, among others, to analyze and evaluate financial and strategic planning decisions regarding future operating investments and potential acquisitions. We believe that EBITDA, as adjusted, eliminates items that are not indicative of our core operating performance, such as amortization of retention loans for the Securities America acquisition, or do not involve a cash outlay, such as stock-related compensation. EBITDA, as adjusted, should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, pre-tax income, net income and cash flows from operating activities. We have two operating segments. The independent brokerage and advisory services segment includes the broker-dealer and investment advisory services provided by Securities America, Investacorp and Triad to their independent contractor financial advisors and the trust services provided by Premier Trust. The Ladenburg segment includes the investment banking, sales and trading and asset management services and investment activities conducted by Ladenburg and LTAM. 2013 Revenues Pre-tax income (loss) EBITDA, as adjusted (6) 2012 Revenues Pre-tax (loss) income EBITDA, as adjusted (6) 2011 Revenues Pre-tax income (loss) EBITDA, as adjusted (6) Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services (5) Ladenburg Corporate Total $ $ $ 723,246 (1) $ 4,850 46,971 69,603 (1) $ 11,689 13,188 (4) 267 (2) (14,135) (3)(4) (8,534) (4) $ $ 598,851 (6,087) 30,566 230,897 1,787 12,181 $ $ 45,701 65 1,829 41,459 (3,131) (1,032) 5,559 (8,870) (3) (1,891) 1,244 (10,958) (3) (2,727) $ $ $ 793,116 2,404 51,625 650,111 (14,892) 30,504 273,600 (12,302) 8,422 (1) Includes brokerage commissions of $4,240 and $908 in the Ladenburg and Independent brokerage and advisory services segments, respectively, related to the sale of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock (eliminated in consolidation). (2) Includes the elimination of $5,148 of revenue referred to in footnote (1). (3) Includes interest on revolving credit and forgivable loan notes, compensation, professional fees and other general and administrative expenses. (4) Includes the elimination of $2,545, consisting of $5,148 of revenue net of employee brokerage commission expenses of $2,603 charged to additional paid-in capital related to sale of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock. (5) Includes Securities America from November 4, 2011. (6) See Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements for a reconciliation of EBITDA, as adjusted to pre-tax income (loss). 33 Year ended December 31, 2013 compared to year ended December 31, 2012 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, we had a net loss attributable to the company of $454 as compared to a net loss of $16,354 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. The change was primarily due to a 22% increase in revenues, which was partially offset by an 18% increase in expenses, including a loss on extinguishment of debt of $4,547 and a $1,464 increase in income tax expense. Interest expense also decreased by $9,103. 2013 results included $15,438 of interest expense, $15,315 of depreciation and amortization expense and $6,766 of non-cash compensation expense as compared to $24,541 of interest expense, $16,061 of depreciation and amortization expense and $4,744 of non-cash compensation expense in 2012. Our total revenues for 2013 increased $143,005 (22%) from 2012. Revenues for 2013 included increased commissions of $68,282, advisory fees of $40,346, service fees and other income of $15,876, investment banking revenue of $12,713, principal transactions of $3,748, and interest and dividends of $2,040. Revenues increased in both of our operating segments. Our independent brokerage and advisory services segment revenues increased $124,395 (21%) from 2012, primarily due to improved market conditions, recruitment of higher- producing advisors and increased advisory assets under management. Our Ladenburg segment revenues increased $23,902 (52%) from 2012 primarily due to increased activity in our capital markets business and our 2013 Series A Preferred Stock offering, in which Ladenburg served as an underwriter. However, our Corporate segment revenues decreased $5,292 in the twelve months ended December 31, 2013 as a result of eliminating $5,148 of revenue related to this offering. Our total expenses for 2013 increased by $118,477 (18%) from 2012, primarily as a result of an increase in commissions and fees expense of $96,517, compensation and benefits expense of $15,195, other expenses of $8,052, loss on extinguishment of debt expense of $4,547, brokerage, communication and clearance fees expense of $1,675 and professional services expense of $815, which were partially offset by decreases in interest expense of $9,103 due to the prepayment of indebtedness with proceeds from the offerings of our Series A Preferred Stock, rent and occupancy expense, net of sublease revenue of $311 and depreciation and amortization expense of $746. The $68,282 (21%) increase in commissions revenue in 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily attributable to higher revenue in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment, which increased $66,416 (21%). The increase in commission revenue resulted primarily from increased sales of alternative investments, mutual funds and variable annuities during 2013 and increased commission trails. Ladenburg segment commission revenue also increased $1,867 (12%) in 2013 from 2012. The $40,346 (17%) increase in advisory fees revenue in 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily due to an increase in advisory fee revenue in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment of $38,829 (17%). Average advisory assets under management on a consolidated basis increased by 25% at December 31, 2013 as compared to December 31, 2012. Advisory revenue for a particular period is primarily affected by the level of advisory assets and market fluctuations. For 2013, we experienced an increase in net new advisory assets resulting from strong new business development and improved market conditions. Assuming continued favorable market conditions, we expect asset management revenue to increase in the near term due to newly-added advisory assets and the continued shift by our advisors toward the advisory business. The $12,713 (43%) increase in investment banking revenue for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily due to an increase in capital raising activities. Capital raising revenue increased $11,936 (42%), while strategic advisory services revenue increased $776 (66%) in 2013. We derive investment banking revenue from Ladenburg’s capital raising activities, including underwritten public offerings and private placements, and strategic advisory services. Revenue from capital raising activities was $40,030 for 2013 as compared to $28,094 for 2012, primarily due to an increase in capital raising activities for healthcare and biotechnology companies and offerings of yield-oriented equities. Strategic advisory services revenue was $1,961 for 2013 as compared to $1,184 for 2012. The $3,748 (347%) increase in principal transactions revenue in 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily attributable to our Ladenburg segment, which had an increase of $3,580 (334%), due to growth in the value of the firm's investments of $1,338 and fixed income trading of $1,980. We established a fixed income trading desk at our Ladenburg subsidiary in November 2012 to serve our financial advisors and their customers. The $2,040 (43%) increase in interest and dividends revenue for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily due to a cash sweep program rebate from our primary clearing firm. Future levels of interest and dividend revenue are dependent upon changes in prevailing interest rates and asset levels. Our current cash sweep program expires in December 2014. If we are unable to negotiate a new agreement under similar terms, we expect that interest and dividends revenue would decrease. 34 See "Item 1A. - Significant interest rate changes and the expiration of our current cash sweep agreement could affect our profitability and financial condition." The $15,876 (28%) increase in service fees and other income in 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily attributable to increases at our independent brokerage and advisory services segment in sponsor revenues of $7,367, miscellaneous trading services revenue of $5,326, trading-related fees of $2,493 and conference revenue of $298. Also, we received $553 in settlement of a claim at Securities America during 2013. The $96,517 (20%) increase in commissions and fees expense for 2013 as compared to 2012 was directly correlated to the increase in commissions and advisory fees revenue in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment. Commissions and fees expense comprises compensation payments earned by the registered representatives who serve as independent contractors in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment. These payments to the independent contractor registered representatives are calculated based on a percentage of revenues generated by such persons and vary by product. Accordingly, when the independent contractor registered representatives increase their business, both our revenues and expenses increase as our representatives earn additional compensation based on the revenue produced. The $15,195 (19%) increase in compensation and benefits expense for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily due to an increase of $9,305 in compensation expense in the Ladenburg segment, of which $7,918 was directly related to the increase in revenues. Our independent brokerage and advisory services and corporate segments had increases in compensation expense of $5,890 as a result of increased revenues and profitability. The $2,022 (43%) increase in non-cash compensation expense for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily attributable to an increase of $1,975 from stock option grants to Securities America financial advisors in connection with the 2011 acquisition. The increase in the price of our common stock and the decrease in the expected forfeitures for these grants contributed to the increase in our non-cash compensation expense. The $1,675 (17%) increase in brokerage, communication and clearance fees expense for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily due to an increase of $1,189 in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment. Also, Ladenburg experienced increases in trading systems and news and quote services expense of $444 in 2013 due to the addition of institutional salespersons and its fixed income trading desk. Clearing expense for the 2013 period at Ladenburg and Securities America was reduced by clearing expense credits provided by our primary clearing firm, which primarily expired in the fourth quarter of 2013. As a result, we expect clearing expense to increase in future periods. The $311 (5%) decrease in rent and occupancy, net of sublease revenue for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily attributable to a decrease of $493 in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment due to the closing of four Securities America locations. The $815 (10%) increase in professional services expense for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily attributable to a $363 increase in professional services expense in our Ladenburg segment and a $355 increase in professional services expense in our corporate segment. The $9,103 (37%) decrease in interest expense for 2013 as compared to 2012 resulted from decreased average debt balances and decreased average interest rates. An average debt balance of approximately $138,691 was outstanding for the 2013 period, as compared to an average debt balance outstanding of approximately $209,066 for the 2012 period. The average interest rate was 10.5% for the 2013 period as compared to 10.7% for the 2012 period. The twelve months ended December 31, 2013 average loan balance declined as a result of the prepayment of $136,350 of debt during 2013 with a portion of the proceeds from our offerings of Series A Preferred Stock, which we expect will significantly reduce interest expense in future periods. We intend to continue to prepay this indebtedness with future proceeds, if any, from our at-the-market offering of Series A Preferred Stock and cash flows from operations. The $746 (5%) decrease in depreciation and amortization expense for 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily due to a $683 decrease in depreciation and amortization in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment. Depreciable assets added in 2007 for Securities America's data center were fully depreciated and not present in the 2013 period. Also, the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 period included the write-off of other depreciable assets as a result of the consolidation of certain investment advisory subsidiaries of Securities America. The $4,547 in extinguishment of debt expense for 2013 relates to the prepayment in 2013 of a substantial portion of our 11% notes due 2016, which were used to finance our 2011 acquisition of Securities America. 35 The $8,052 (22%) increase in other expense in 2013 as compared to 2012 was primarily attributable to our independent brokerage and advisory services segment which had increases in bad debt, errors and settlement expense of $2,417, other office expenses of $1,356, license and registration expense of $1,074, conference expense of $602, travel, meals and entertainment of $308 and deferred compensation plan expense of $275, partially offset by decreases in advertising expense of $268 and insurance expense of $223. Also, our Ladenburg segment had increases in errors and settlement expense of $978, expenses associated with the relocation of Ladenburg's New York office of $386 and other office expenses of $753 in 2013. We had an income tax expense of $2,926 in 2013 as compared to an income tax expense of $1,462 in 2012. After consideration of all the evidence, both positive and negative, management has determined that a valuation allowance at December 31, 2013 was necessary to fully offset the deferred tax assets based on the likelihood of future realization. The income tax rates for 2013 and 2012 did not bear a customary relationship to effective tax rates, primarily as a result of a tax provision related to amortization of goodwill for tax purposes and the change in the valuation allowance against the net deferred tax asset. Year ended December 31, 2012 compared to year ended December 31, 2011 2012 results include Securities America for the full year. 2011 results include Securities America from November 4, 2011, the date we completed the acquisition. Accordingly, comparative results presented herein were significantly impacted by the inclusion of Securities America for a full twelve month period in 2012. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, we had a net loss of $16,354 compared to a net profit of $3,893 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. The decrease was primarily due to an income tax benefit of $16,195 in 2011 caused by a reduction of the deferred tax asset valuation allowance in connection with the Securities America acquisition and increased interest, depreciation and amortization expenses and non-cash compensation expense in the 2012 period arising from the Securities America acquisition, partially offset by a decrease in the fair value of contingent consideration related to the Securities America acquisition. 2012 included $24,541 of interest expense, $16,061 of depreciation and amortization expense and $4,744 of non-cash compensation expense as compared to $6,543 of interest expense, $5,632 of depreciation and amortization expense and $4,014 of non-cash compensation expense in 2011. Our total revenues for 2012 increased $376,511 (138%) from 2011, primarily due to the Securities America acquisition. Revenues for 2012 included increased commissions of $186,583, advisory fees of $145,807, service fees and other income of $38,481, interest and dividends of $3,747, investment banking revenue of $1,764 and principal transactions of $129. The increase in revenues for 2012 included a $342,021 increase from Securities America. Excluding Securities America, revenues in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment increased $25,930 (11%) from 2011, primarily due to improved market conditions, recruitment of higher-producing advisors and increased advisory assets under management. Our total expenses for 2012 increased by $386,212 (135%) from 2011, primarily as a result of an increase in commissions and fees expense of $294,642, compensation and benefits expense of $28,108, interest expense of $17,998, other expense of $22,406, depreciation and amortization of $10,429 and amortization of retention loans made in connection with the Securities America acquisition of $5,712. The increases in expenses for 2012 included $361,074 attributable to Securities America. The $186,583 (134%) increase in commissions revenue in 2012 as compared to the 2011 period was primarily attributable to an increase of $169,325 from Securities America and successful recruitment of higher-producing financial advisors in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment. Excluding Securities America, commissions revenue in our independent brokerage and advisory services and Ladenburg segments increased $13,612 (14%) and $3,647 (30%), respectively, from 2011. The $145,807 (166%) increase in advisory fees revenue in 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to an increase of $135,872 from Securities America. Average advisory assets under management increased by 17.8% at December 31, 2012 as compared to December 31, 2011 at Securities America, LTAM, Triad and Investacorp on a consolidated basis. Advisory revenue for a particular period is primarily affected by the level of advisory assets and market fluctuations. For 2012, we experienced an increase in net new advisory assets resulting from strong new business development and the continued shift by our existing advisors toward more advisory business. 36 The $1,764 (6%) increase in investment banking revenue for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to an increase in capital raising fees. Capital raising revenue increased $2,200, resulting primarily from an increase in offerings of yield-oriented equities while strategic advisory services revenue decreased $436 in 2012. We derive investment banking revenue from Ladenburg’s capital raising activities, including underwritten public offerings and private placements, and strategic advisory services. Revenue from capital raising activities was $28,094 for 2012, as compared to $25,894 for 2011. Strategic advisory services revenue was $1,184 for 2012, as compared to $1,620 for 2011. The $129 (11%) increase in principal transactions revenue in 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily attributable to the addition of a fixed income trading group in the fourth quarter of 2012 at our Ladenburg subsidiary to serve our financial advisors and their customers. The $3,747 (365%) increase in interest and dividends revenue for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to an increase of $3,679 from Securities America. Changes in interest and dividends revenue are dependent upon changes in prevailing interest rates and asset levels. The $38,481 (204%) increase in service fees and other income in 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily attributable to $33,146 of service fees and other income earned by Securities America, which included marketing allowances received from product sponsor programs and administrative service fees. Excluding Securities America, service fees and other income increased in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment by $1,942, primarily due to marketing allowances received from product sponsor programs of $1,404, increased conference revenue of $530 and an increase in our corporate segment. The increase in our corporate segment is primarily due to increased income of $3,415, representing principal and interest forgiven on the NFS loans, partially offset by a decrease due to $287 received in settlement of a claim by Ladenburg against a former broker in 2011. The $294,642 (161%) increase in commissions and fees expense for 2012 as compared to 2011 was directly correlated to the increase in commissions and advisory fees revenue in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment, including an increase of $273,001 from the addition of Securities America. Excluding Securities America, commission and fees revenue increased $21,045 (12%) for 2012 as compared to 2011. Commissions and fees expense comprises compensation payments earned by the registered representatives who serve as independent contractors in our independent brokerage and advisory services segment. These payments to the independent contractor registered representatives are calculated based on a percentage of revenues generated by such persons and vary by product. Accordingly, when the independent contractor registered representatives increase their business, both our revenues and expenses increase as our representatives earn additional compensation based on the revenue produced. The $28,108 (54%) increase in compensation and benefits expense for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to an increase of $23,371 from the addition of Securities America. The increase in compensation and benefits expense for 2012 excluding Securities America, was $4,737. The $730 (18%) increase in non-cash compensation expense for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily attributable to an increase of $878 from stock option grants to Securities America employees and financial advisors. The $2,247 (29%) increase in brokerage, communication and clearance fees expense for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to an increase of $2,166 from the addition of Securities America and an increase of $356 from Triad and Investacorp, which was directly related to the increase in revenue. This was partially offset by a decrease of $193 in our Ladenburg and Corporate segments. Clearing expense for the 2012 period at Ladenburg and Securities America was reduced by clearing expense credits provided by our primary clearing firm. The $2,787 (73%) increase in rent and occupancy, net of sublease revenue for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily attributable to an increase of $2,940 increase from the addition of Securities America, partially offset by a decrease of $108 at our Ladenburg segment. The $4,124 (98%) increase in professional services expense for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to an increase of $4,105 from Securities America. The $17,998 (275%) increase in interest expense for 2012 as compared to 2011 resulted from increased average debt balances following the Securities America acquisition and increased average interest rates. An average debt balance of approximately $209,066 was outstanding for the 2012 period, as compared to an average outstanding debt balance of approximately $58,075 for the 2011 period. The average interest rate was 10.7% and 10.5% for the 2012 and 2011 periods, respectively. 37 The $10,429 (185%) increase in depreciation and amortization expense for 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to an increase of $10,595 of depreciation and amortization from Securities America fixed assets and amortization of intangible assets acquired in the Securities America acquisition. This was partially offset by a decrease of $162 in our Ladenburg segment. The $5,712 in amortization of retention loans expense for 2012 relates to the amortization of retention loans made to Securities America financial advisors in connection with the acquisition. The amounts in the prior-year period were from November 4, 2011, the date we completed the Securities America acquisition. The $22,406 (151%) increase in other expense in 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily attributable to the addition of $21,288 in other expense from Securities America, which consisted of forgiveness of financial advisor loans, insurance, travel, advertising, bad debt and other office expenses. Excluding Securities America, the increase in other expense was primarily attributable to a $487 increase in conference and related expenses, a $436 increase in travel, meals and entertainment, a $334 increase in insurance expense and a $212 increase in other office expenses, partially offset by a decrease in settlements expense of $681. We had an income tax expense of $1,462 in 2012 as compared to an income tax benefit of $16,195 in 2011. After consideration of all the evidence, both positive and negative, management has determined that a valuation allowance at December 31, 2012 was necessary to fully offset the deferred tax assets based on the likelihood of future realization. The income tax rates for 2012 and 2011 did not bear a customary relationship to effective tax rates primarily as a result of the change in the valuation allowance in 2012 and 2011. Liquidity and Capital Resources Approximately 25% of our total assets at December 31, 2013 consisted of cash and cash equivalents, securities owned and receivables from clearing brokers and other broker-dealers, all of which fluctuate, depending upon the levels of customer business and trading activity. Receivables from broker-dealers, which are primarily from clearing brokers, turn over rapidly. A relatively small percentage of our total assets are fixed. The total assets or the individual components of total assets may vary significantly from period to period because of changes relating to economic and market conditions. Each of Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg is subject to the Net Capital Rule. Therefore, they are subject to certain restrictions on the use of capital and their related liquidity. At December 31, 2013, Securities America’s regulatory net capital of $10,968, exceeded minimum net capital requirements of $250 by $10,718. At December 31, 2013, Triad’s regulatory net capital of $4,262 exceeded minimum net capital requirements of $1,115 by $3,147. At December 31, 2013, Investacorp’s regulatory net capital of $5,052, exceeded minimum net capital requirements of $339, by $4,713. At December 31, 2013, Ladenburg’s regulatory net capital of $12,573 exceeded minimum net capital requirements of $250, by $12,323. Failure to maintain the required net capital may subject our broker-dealer subsidiaries to suspension or expulsion by FINRA, the SEC and other regulatory bodies and ultimately may require their liquidation. The Net Capital Rule also prohibits the payment of dividends, redemption of stock and prepayment or payment of principal of subordinated indebtedness if net capital, after giving effect to the payment, redemption or prepayment, would be less than specified percentages of the minimum net capital requirement. Compliance with the Net Capital Rule could limit Ladenburg’s operations that require the intensive use of capital, such as underwriting and trading activities, and also could restrict our ability to withdraw capital from our subsidiaries, which in turn, could limit our ability to pay dividends and repay debt. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors — Failure to comply with capital requirements could subject us to suspension, revocation or fines by the SEC, FINRA or other regulators” above. Premier Trust, chartered by the state of Nevada, is subject to regulation by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry Financial Institutions Division. Under Nevada law, Premier Trust must maintain stockholders’ equity of at least $1,000, including cash of at least $250. At December 31, 2013, Premier Trust had stockholders’ equity of $1,319, including at least $250 in cash. Our primary sources of liquidity include cash flows from operations, sales of securities in public or private transactions and borrowings under our $40,000 revolving credit agreement with an affiliate of Dr. Phillip Frost, our chairman and principal shareholder. On May 24, 2013, we completed a public offering of 4,600,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock. On May 31, 2013 we completed the offering of an additional 690,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters in connection with the offering. The total gross proceeds from the offering were $132,250, before deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. 38 We also commenced an at-the-market offering on June 28, 2013 under which we sold 899,497 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, which provided net proceeds of $21,651 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2013. From January 1, 2014 through March 7, 2014, we sold an additional 469,716 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, which provided net proceeds of $10,601. We used the net proceeds from the Series A Preferred Stock offerings to prepay $110,850 principal amount of the $160,700 aggregate principal amount of our 11% notes due 2016, which were used to finance our 2011 acquisition of Securities America, and to repay the outstanding borrowings (approximately $39,300) under our $40,000 revolving credit agreement. As a result of such repayment, $40,000 became available for borrowing under such revolving credit agreement. We intend to continue to prepay this indebtedness with future proceeds, if any, from our at-the-market offering of Series A Preferred Stock and cash flows from operations. Borrowings under the $40,000 revolving credit agreement bear interest at a rate of 11% per annum, payable quarterly. At December 31, 2013, we had no outstanding balance under the revolving credit agreement, a net decrease of $25,500 from December 31, 2012. We may repay outstanding amounts or re-borrow amounts under our revolving credit facility at any time prior to the maturity date of August 25, 2016, without penalty. On November 6, 2013, our subsidiary, Securities America Financial Corporation, which is the parent of Securities America, entered into a loan agreement with a third-party financial institution for a term loan in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $1.7 million. The term loan bears interest at 5.5%, has a 54-month term and is secured by Securities America’s non-forgivable financial advisor note portfolio. Pursuant to this loan agreement, up to $1,500 aggregate principal amount of additional loans is available, subject to certain conditions. Any additional loans would bear interest at 5.5% per annum. At December 31, 2013, $1,681 was outstanding under this loan. We believe our existing assets, sales of securities, including possible sales under our at-the-market offering, and funds available under our $40,000 revolving credit facility will provide adequate funds for continuing operations at current activity levels. We are currently in compliance with all debt covenants in our debt agreements. Cash provided by operating activities for 2013 was $20,874, which primarily consisted of our net loss of $522, adjusted for non-cash expenses, increases in accrued compensation, commissions and fees payable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and deferred compensation liability, partially offset by increases in receivables from clearing brokers, other receivables, net, securities owned, at fair value , cash surrender value of life insurance and other assets. In 2012, cash provided by operating activities was $7,648 primarily due to our net loss adjusted for non-cash expenses, an increase in other receivables, net, receivables from other broker-dealers and other assets, and a decrease in securities sold, but not yet purchased, partially offset by an increase in securities owned at fair value, and receivables from clearing brokers and an increase in accrued compensation and commissions and fees payable. Investing activities used $7,023 for 2013, primarily due to the purchase of furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements. In 2012, investing activities used $5,930, primarily due to the purchase of furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements and $552 used for asset acquisitions by Securities America. Financing activities provided $1,044 for 2013, primarily due to the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock and the issuance of common stock upon warrant and option exercises and under our employee stock purchase plan and third party investment in a noncontrolling interest, partially offset by loan repayments of outstanding notes related to the Securities America acquisition, repayment of the outstanding balance on our revolving credit agreement, payment of dividends on our Series A Preferred Stock and common stock repurchases. In 2012, financing activities provided $2,119, primarily due to loan re-borrowings under our revolving credit agreement and the issuance of common stock upon option exercises and under the employee stock purchase plan, partially offset by repayments of notes payable and common stock repurchases. At December 31, 2013, we were obligated under several non-cancelable lease agreements for office space, which provide for future minimum lease payments aggregating approximately $26,697 through 2018, exclusive of escalation charges. We have subleased vacant space under subleases which entitle us to receive rents aggregating approximately $6,882 through such date. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors — A default by any of Ladenburg’s subtenants may have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, cash flows, and results of operations”. 39 In connection with the Securities America acquisition, we entered into a senior loan agreement with various lenders, under which the lenders loaned us $160,700, a portion of which we used to fund the acquisition. Interest on this loan is payable quarterly at 11% per year. Interest is payable in cash; however, we may pay interest-in-kind with the consent of certain lenders. This payment-in-kind feature increases the principal sum outstanding on the note that is due at maturity by the amount of such payment-in-kind. All interest payments through December 31, 2013 have been paid in cash. This loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, is due on November 4, 2016. We may voluntarily repay the November 2011 loan at any time without premium or penalty. In connection with this loan, we issued to the lenders warrants to purchase an aggregate of 10,713,332 shares of our common stock. These warrants are exercisable at any time prior to their expiration on November 4, 2016 at $1.68 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on the acquisition closing date. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, we prepaid $110,850 of the November 2011 loan with proceeds from the Series A Preferred Stock offerings. These prepayments included the installments of the notes that would have been due on December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015. The lenders included Frost Nevada Investments Trust (“Frost Nevada”), an affiliate of our chairman of the board and principal shareholder, Dr. Phillip Frost, M.D., Vector Group, Ltd. (“Vector Group”), a principal shareholder, and our President and chief executive officer and a director. The principal amounts initially loaned by Frost Nevada, Vector Group and our President were $135,000 $15,000 and $200, respectively. A special committee of our Board of Directors was formed to review and consider the terms of the November 2011 loan, the notes issued thereunder and the warrants. Upon such review and consideration, which included the advice of the committee’s independent financial advisor, the committee determined that the financing was fair from a financial point of view to us and our unaffiliated shareholders. On November 4, 2011, NFS provided us with a seven-year, $15,000 forgivable loan. We used the proceeds to fund expenses related to the Securities America acquisition. Interest on the loan accrues at the average annual Federal Funds effective rate plus 6% per annum, subject to the maximum rate of 11% per annum. If Securities America meets certain annual clearing revenue targets set forth in the loan agreement, the principal balance of the loan will be forgiven in seven equal yearly installments of $2,143 commencing on November 4, 2012 and continuing on an annual basis through November 2018. Interest payments due with respect to each such year will also be forgiven if the annual clearing revenue targets are met. Any principal amounts not forgiven will be due in November 2018, and any interest payments not forgiven are due annually. If during the loan term any principal amount is not forgiven, we may have such principal forgiven in future years if Securities America exceeds subsequent annual clearing revenue targets. We will expense interest under this loan agreement until such time as such interest is forgiven. Securities America met the annual clearing revenue target for the period ending November 4, 2013 and 2012. The 2011 forgivable loan agreement contains other covenants including limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, maintaining minimum adjusted shareholders’ equity levels and a prohibition on the termination of our $40,000 revolving credit agreement prior to its current maturity. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the outstanding principal and interest under the loan agreement may be accelerated and become due and payable. If the clearing agreements are terminated prior to the loan maturity date, all amounts then outstanding must be repaid on demand. The loan agreement is secured by our, but not our subsidiaries’, deposits and accounts held at NFS or its affiliates. In connection with the entering into the new forgivable loan in 2011, Securities America and our other broker-dealer subsidiaries amended their respective clearing agreements with NFS to, among other things, extend the term of those agreements through November 2018. Also, we and NFS amended the terms of the 2009 forgivable loan made by NFS to us such that the remaining principal balance of $7,143 and the related accrued interest will be forgiven, subject to the terms and conditions of the loan, in four equal annual installments commencing in November 2012 without us being required to satisfy the annual clearing revenue targets previously established. We have expensed, and will continue to expense, interest under the 2009 NFS agreement until such interest is forgiven. The required conditions to forgiveness were met in November 2013 for the 2009 and 2011 forgivable loans. Accordingly, we recognized income in 2013 of $3,929 and $1,067 from the forgiveness of principal and interest, respectively, and the outstanding balances under the 2009 and 2011 forgivable loans were reduced to an aggregate of $14,285. We recognized income in 2013 of $3,929 and $1,067, and 2012 of $3,929 and $1,365 and in 2011 of $1,429 and $450 from the forgiveness of principal and interest, respectively. In November 2011, as part of the amendment of Ladenburg’s clearing agreement with NFS, NFS agreed to provide an annual credit of $1,000 to Ladenburg for a five-year period. Ladenburg received such credits in November 2012 and November 2013. Such expense reduction must be repaid pro-rata if the clearing agreement is terminated prior to the end of the term. We have reflected the expense reduction ratably in our financial statements. 40 In connection with the Premier Trust acquisition in 2010, we issued a $1,161 promissory note to a subsidiary of Premier Trust’s former shareholder. The note bears interest at 6.5% per annum and is payable quarterly and matures in September 2015. The outstanding balance of this note at December 31, 2013 was $450. In March 2007, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2,500,000 shares of our common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions depending on market conditions. In October 2011, our board amended the repurchase program described above to permit the purchase of up to an additional 5,000,000 shares. As of December 31, 2013, 3,749,757 shares had been repurchased for $6,089 under the program, including 767,790 shares in 2013. On August 15, 2013, we purchased 3,000,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.67 per share in a privately-negotiated transaction, which was not made pursuant to our stock repurchase program. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements Each of Securities America, Ladenburg, Investacorp and Triad, as guarantor of its customer accounts to its clearing broker, is exposed to off-balance-sheet risks in the event that its customers do not fulfill their obligations with the clearing broker. Also, if Securities America, Ladenburg, Investacorp or Triad maintains a short position in certain securities, it is exposed to future off-balance-sheet market risk, since its ultimate obligation may exceed the amount recognized in the financial statements. Please see Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K. Contractual Obligations The table below summarizes information about our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2013 and the effect these obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in the future years. Notes payable under November 2011 financing(1) Revolving credit agreement with affiliate of our principal shareholder(2) Notes payable to clearing firm under forgivable loans(3) Note payable to a subsidiary of Premier Trust’s former shareholder(4) Operating leases(5) Deferred compensation plan(6) Note payable to American National Bank(7) Total Payments Due By Period Total Less than 1 year 1 – 3 years 4 – 5 years $ 62,060 $ 5,484 $ 56,576 $ After 5 years — — $ — 16,523 — 2,625 — 2,792 — 11,106 — — 479 26,697 19,056 1,896 126,711 $ 274 10,050 688 430 19,551 $ 205 12,262 1,928 861 74,624 $ — 4,385 850 605 16,946 $ — — 15,590 — 15,590 $ (1) Notes bear interest at 11% per annum and are payable quarterly. See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements. (2) The revolving credit agreement has an August 25, 2016 maturity date and bears interest at a rate of 11.0% per annum, payable quarterly. Assumes no payments of principal prior to maturity. See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements. (3) The 2009 NFS forgivable loan ($3,571 at December 31, 2013) bears interest at prime plus 2% per annum and the 2011 NFS forgivable loan ($10,715 at December 31, 2013) bears interest at federal funds rate plus 6% per annum and is payable in 7 annual installments if not forgiven. See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements. (4) Note bears interest at 6.5% per annum and is payable in 20 quarterly installments. See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements. (5) Excludes sublease revenues of $6,882. See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements. 41 (6) See Note 10 statements. to our consolidated financial (7) Note bears interest at 5.5% per annum and is payable in 54 monthly installments. See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements. We have subleased office space to subtenants, some of whom are engaged in the financial services industry. Should any of the sub- tenants not pay their sublease payments or otherwise default under a sublease, it may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Market Risk Market risk generally represents the risk of loss that may result from the potential change in the value of a financial instrument as a result of fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity and commodity prices, changes in the implied volatility of interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity and commodity prices and also changes in the credit ratings of either the issuer or its related country of origin. Market risk is inherent to both derivative and non-derivative financial instruments, and accordingly, the scope of our market risk management procedures extends beyond derivatives to include all market risk sensitive financial instruments. Current and proposed underwriting, corporate finance, merchant banking and other commitments are subject to due diligence reviews by our senior management, as well as professionals in the appropriate business and support units involved. Credit risk related to various financing activities is reduced by the industry practice of obtaining and maintaining collateral. We monitor our exposure to counterparty risk through the use of credit exposure information, the monitoring of collateral values and the establishment of credit limits. Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements We and our representatives may from time to time make oral or written “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including any statements that may be contained in the foregoing discussion in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, in this report and in other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in our reports to shareholders, which reflect our expectations or beliefs with respect to future events and financial performance. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties and, in connection with the “safe-harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, we have identified under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A above, important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement made by or on behalf of us. Results actually achieved may differ materially from expected results included in these forward-looking statements as a result of these or other factors. Due to such uncertainties and risks, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which such statements are made. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement that may be made from time to time by or on behalf of us. ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK. The information in Item 7 under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Market Risk” is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA. See the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, together with the report thereon of EisnerAmper LLP dated March 12, 2014 beginning on page F-1 of this report which are incorporated by reference in this Item 8. CHANGES AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE. IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING ITEM 9. None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) are our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report, and, based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that these controls and procedures were effective as of such date. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 42 Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to management and to our Board of Directors regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. In connection with this annual report on Form 10-K, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer evaluated, with the participation of our management, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on management’s evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer each concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013. EisnerAmper LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013 as stated in its report which is included herein. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Board of Directors and Shareholders Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. We have audited Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 43 A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by COSO. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013, and our report dated March 12, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ EisnerAmper LLP New York, New York March 12, 2014 ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION. None. PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE. This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for our 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report, and incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION. This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for our 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report, and incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS. This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for our 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report, and incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 13. CERTAIN DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE. RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for our 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report, and incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES. This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for our 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report, and incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES. (a)(1): Index to 2013 Consolidated Financial Statements PART IV The consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, together with the report thereon of EisnerAmper LLP dated March 12, 2014, appear beginning on page F-1 of this report. (a)(2): Financial Statement Schedules Financial statement schedules not included in this report have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto. (a)(3): Exhibits Filed The following exhibits are filed as part of this annual report on Form 10-K. EXHIBIT INDEX 44 Exhibit No. Description 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 10.1 10.2 10.3 Articles of Incorporation Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated August 24, 1999 Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated April 3, 2006 Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated May 9, 2013. Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, dated May 21, 2013. Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, dated June 20, 2013. Amended and Restated Bylaws Form of common stock certificate Form of Promissory Note, dated as of November 4, 2011, issued under the November 4, 2011 Loan Agreement. Form of Warrant, dated as of November 4, 2011, issued under the November 4, 2011 Loan Agreement. Specimen 8.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate. Amended and Restated 1999 Performance Equity Plan.* 2009 Incentive Compensation Plan.* Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. Amended and Restated Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan.* 10.4 Office Lease dated March 30, 2007 between Ladenburg Thalmann & Co., Inc. 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 and Frost Real Estate Holdings, LLC. Amendment and Lease Extension Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2013, between Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. and Frost Real Estate Holdings, LLC. Warrant issued to BroadWall Capital LLC. Form of Stock Option Agreement issued to employees of BroadWall. Letter Agreement, dated February 8, 2012, between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. and Vector Group Ltd. 10.9 10.10 Form of Warrant issued to the stockholders of Telluride Holdings, Inc. Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of Sept. 1, 2006 between the Company, Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. and Mark Zeitchick.* 10.11 Letter Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2011, between the Company and Mark Zeitchick.* 10.12 Letter Agreement dated as of December 15, 2011, between the Company and Mark Zeitchick.* 10.13 Non-Plan Option Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2007, by and between the Company and Bruce A. Zwigard. 10.14 Warrant, dated as of October 19, 2007, issued to Frost Gamma Investments 10.15 Trust pursuant to Credit Agreement. Employment Letter, dated as of January 30, 2013, by and between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. and Joseph Giovanniello, Jr. * 10.16 Employment Letter dated as of February 8, 2008 between the Company and Brett Kaufman.* 10.17 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated August 16, 2011, by and between the Company and Ameriprise Financial, Inc. 10.18 Lease, dated as of August 13, 2010, between Investacorp Group, Inc. and Frost Real Estate Holdings, LLC. 10.19 Employment Letter, dated as of December 15, 2011, between the Company and Adam Malamed.* 45 Incorporated By Reference from Document A B C W X Y D A S No. in Document 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.6 3.1 3.2 4.1 10.2 S X F O G H V I I J K L Q T E E U M R P T 4.1 4.1 4.1 Exhibit A Exhibit A 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.1 10.21 10.2 10.3 10.1 10.1 2.1 10.1 10.27 10.20 Credit Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2007, by and between the Company and Frost Gamma Investments Trust, including the form of note thereto. 10.21 Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement by and between the Company and Frost Nevada Investments Trust, as assignee, dated as of August 25, 2009. 10.22 Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement, dated August 16, 2011, by and between the Company and Frost Nevada Investments Trust. 10.23 Forgivable Loan Agreement, dated as of August 25, 2009, between the Company and National Financial Services LLC. (Certain portions of this agreement have been omitted under a request for confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and filed separately with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.) 10.24 First Amendment, dated November 4, 2011, to Forgivable Loan Agreement between the Company and National Financial Services LLC. 10.25 Forgivable Loan Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2011, between the Company and National Financial Services LLC. (Certain portions of this agreement have been omitted under a request for confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and filed separately with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.) 10.26 Loan Agreement, dated November 4, 2011, by and among the Company and the 10.27 12.1 21 23.1 24 31.1 31.2 32.1 32.2 lenders party thereto Equity Distribution Agreement, dated June 24, 2013, between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services, Inc. and Mitsubishi UFJ Securities (USA), Inc., as representative of the Sales Agents listed on Schedule I thereto. Statement re: Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charge, and Ratios of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charge and Preferred Stock Dividends* List of Subsidiaries Consent of EisnerAmper LLP Power of Attorney Certification of Chief Executive Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Certification of Chief Financial Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Certification of Chief Executive Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Certification of Chief Financial Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 101.INS XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase 101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase 46 E N R N T T S Y ** ** ** *** ** ** **** **** ** ** ** ** ** ** 4.1 4.2 10.1 4.1 10.32 10.33 10.1 1.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —  * Management Compensation Contract ** Filed herewith *** Contained on the signature page hereto **** Furnished herewith A. Registration statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-31001). B. C. Annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 24, 1999. Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006. D. Current report on Form 8-K, dated September 20, 2007 and filed with the SEC on September 21, 2007. E. F. G. Current report on Form 8-K, dated October 19, 2007 and filed with the SEC on October 22, 2007. Registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-139254). Definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on August 27, 2012 relating to the annual meeting of shareholders held on September 28, 2012. H. Current report on Form 8-K, dated March 30, 2007 and filed with the SEC on April 2, 2007. I. Current report on Form 8-K, dated September 11, 2006 and filed with the SEC on September 12, 2006. J. Current report on Form 8-K, dated February 8, 2012 and filed with the SEC on February 10, 2012. K. Current report on Form 8-K, dated September 6, 2006 and filed with the SEC on September 7, 2006. L. Current report on Form 8-K/A dated September 6, 2006 and filed with the SEC on October 24, 2006. M. Current report on Form 8-K, dated March 27, 2008 and filed with the SEC on March 28, 2008. N. Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009. O. Definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on July 20, 2009 relating to the annual meeting of shareholders held on August 27, 2009. P. Current report on Form 8-K, dated August 10, 2010 and filed with the SEC on August 13, 2010. Q. Current report on Form 8-K, dated January 19, 2011 and filed with the SEC on January 25, 2011. R. Current report on Form 8-K, dated August 16, 2011 and filed with the SEC on August 18, 2011. S. Current report on Form 8-K, dated November 4, 2011 and filed with the SEC on November 9, 2011. 47  T. Annual report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2011. U Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 4, 2013 V. Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 8, 2013. W. Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2013. X. Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on May 24, 2013. Y. Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 25, 2013 48 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. (Registrant) Dated: March 12, 2014 By: /s/ Brett H. Kaufman Name: Brett H. Kaufman Title: Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 49 POWER OF ATTORNEY The undersigned directors and officers of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. hereby constitute and appoint Brett H. Kaufman, Richard J. Lampen and Mark Zeitchick, and each of them, with full power to act without the other and with full power of substitution and resubstitution, our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact with full power to execute in our name and behalf in the capacities indicated below, this annual report on Form 10-K and any and all amendments thereto and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and hereby ratify and confirm all that such attorneys-in-fact, or any of them, or their substitutes shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on March 12, 2014. Signatures /s/ Richard J. Lampen Richard J. Lampen /s/ Brett H. Kaufman Brett H. Kaufman /s/ Henry C. Beinstein Henry C. Beinstein /s/ Phillip Frost, M.D. Phillip Frost, M.D. /s/ Brian S. Genson Brian S. Genson /s/ Saul Gilinski Saul Gilinski /s/ Dmitry Kolosov Dmitry Kolosov /s/ Dr. Richard M. Krasno Dr. Richard M. Krasno /s/ Howard M. Lorber Howard M. Lorber /s/ Jeffrey S. Podell Jeffrey S. Podell /s/ Richard J. Rosenstock Richard J. Rosenstock /s/ Jacqueline M. Simkin Jacqueline M. Simkin /s/ Mark Zeitchick Mark Zeitchick Title President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director 50 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. FORM 10-K FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013 ITEMS 8 and 15(a) (1) AND (2) INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Financial Statements of the Registrant and its subsidiaries required to be included in Items 8 and 15(a) (1) and (2) are listed below: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements: Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2010 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements Page F-2 F-3 F-4 F-5 F-7 F-9 F-1 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Shareholders Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services, Inc., (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services, Inc., as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 12, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. /s/ EisnerAmper LLP New York, New York March 12, 2014 F-2 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) December 31, 2013 2012 ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents Securities owned, at fair value Receivables from clearing brokers Receivables from other broker-dealers Notes receivable from financial advisors, net Other receivables, net Fixed assets, net Restricted assets Intangible assets, net Goodwill Unamortized debt issue cost Cash surrender value of life insurance Other assets Total assets LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Securities sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value Accrued compensation Commissions and fees payable Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Deferred rent Deferred income taxes Deferred compensation liability Accrued interest Notes payable, net of $1,618 and $7,120 unamortized discount in 2013 and 2012, respectively Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 13) Shareholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $.0001 par value; authorized 25,000,000 shares in 2013 and 2,000,000 shares in 2012: 8% Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock; 8,290,000 shares authorized; 6,189,497 shares issued and outstanding in 2013 (liquidation preference $154,737) Common stock, $.0001 par value; authorized 600,000,000 shares in 2013 and 400,000,000 shares in 2012; shares issued and outstanding, 181,433,815 in 2013 and 183,478,872 in 2012 Additional paid-in capital Accumulated deficit Total shareholders’ equity of the Company Noncontrolling interest Total shareholders' equity $ $ $ 50,329 $ 4,789 31,391 2,126 31,751 21,687 15,866 570 76,251 90,501 1,069 12,370 22,120 35,434 2,078 16,973 2,149 39,148 20,534 13,199 320 87,988 90,578 1,768 11,207 16,753 360,820 $ 338,129 83 $ 20,098 32,800 19,846 1,871 7,499 19,056 1,506 64,648 167,407 292 12,017 31,570 13,735 1,977 6,545 17,955 4,838 197,979 286,908 1 — 18 350,780 (157,438) 193,361 52 193,413 18 208,187 (156,984) 51,221 — 51,221 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 360,820 $ 338,129 See accompanying notes. F-3 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Revenues: Commissions Advisory fees Investment banking Principal transactions Interest and dividends Service fees and other income Total revenues Expenses: Commissions and fees Compensation and benefits Non-cash compensation Brokerage, communication and clearance fees Rent and occupancy, net of sublease revenue Professional services Interest Depreciation and amortization Acquisition-related expense Amortization of retention loans Loss on extinguishment of debt Other Total expenses Income (loss) before item shown below Change in fair value of contingent consideration Income (loss) before income taxes Income tax expense (benefit) Net (loss) income Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest Net (loss) income attributable to the Company Dividends declared on preferred stock Net (loss) income available to common shareholders Net (loss) income per share available to common shareholders (basic and diluted) Weighted average common shares used in computation of per share data: Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2011 394,414 $ 274,018 41,991 2,667 6,813 73,213 793,116 573,621 95,346 6,766 11,614 6,289 9,162 15,438 15,315 — 7,160 4,547 45,333 790,591 2,525 (121) 2,404 2,926 (522) (68) (454) $ (6,911) 326,132 $ 233,672 29,278 (1,081) 4,773 57,337 650,111 477,104 80,151 4,744 9,939 6,600 8,347 24,541 16,061 — 7,346 — 37,281 672,114 (22,003) 7,111 (14,892) 1,462 (16,354) — (16,354) — 139,549 87,865 27,514 (1,210) 1,026 18,856 273,600 182,462 52,043 4,014 7,692 3,813 4,223 6,543 5,632 2,971 1,634 — 14,875 285,902 (12,302) — (12,302) (16,195) 3,893 — 3,893 — (7,365) $ (16,354) $ 3,893 (0.04) $ (0.09) $ 0.02 $ $ $ $ Basic Diluted 182,295,476 182,295,476 183,572,582 183,572,582 183,023,590 189,014,028 See accompanying notes. F-4 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (in thousands, except share amounts) Preferred Stock Common Stock Shares Amount Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Deficit Noncontrolling Interest Total — $ — 183,496,492 $ 18 $ 191,424 $ (144,523) $ — $ 46,919 — — 58,884 — 83 — — 83 — — — — 626,298 132,500 — — 473 126 — — — 473 126 — — — — 688 — — 688 — — — — — — — (5,000) — (1,056,106) — — — — — — — — 3,266 60 — — (1,493) — 9,428 — — 3,893 — — — — — 3,266 60 (1,493) 9,428 3,893 — $ — 183,253,068 $ 18 $ 204,055 $ (140,630) $ — $ 63,443 — — 98,513 — 138 — — 138 — — — — 693,958 358,500 — — 319 338 — — — — 319 338 — — — 0 1,317 — — 1,317 — — — — — — — (12,500) — — (912,667) — — — — — F-5 3,427 — — — (1,407) — — (16,354) — — — — 3,427 — (1,407) (16,354) Balance, December 31, 2010 Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan Exercise of stock options (net of 58,474 shares tendered in payment of exercise price) Exercise of warrants Stock options granted to consultants and independent financial advisors Stock-based compensation to employees Cancellation of restricted stock Repurchase and retirement of common stock Warrants issued to lenders Net income Balance, December 31, 2011 Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan Exercise of stock options (net of 187,542 shares tendered in payment of exercise price) Exercise of warrants Stock options granted to consultants and independent financial advisors Stock-based compensation to employees Cancellation of restricted stock Repurchase and retirement of common stock Net loss Preferred Stock Common Stock Shares Amount Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Deficit Noncontrolling Interest Total — $ — 183,478,872 $ 18 $ 208,187 $ (156,984) $ — $ 51,221 — — — 112,646 — 608,022 — — 201 808 — — — — 201 808 — — 1,002,065 — 247 — — 247 — — — — 3,369 — — 3,369 — — — — 3,397 — — 3,397 — — — (3,767,790) — — — — (6,446) — — — — (6,446) 120 120 6,189,497 1 — — 147,928 — — 147,929 — — — — — — — — (6,911) — — (454) — (68) (6,911) (522) 6,189,497 $ 1 181,433,815 $ 18 $ 350,780 $ (157,438) $ 52 $ 193,413 Balance, December 31, 2012 Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan Exercise of stock options Exercise of warrants, net of 224,601 shares tendered in payment of exercise price Stock options granted to consultants and independent financial advisors Stock-based compensation to employees Repurchase and retirement of common stock Third party investment in subsidiary Preferred stock issued, net of underwriting discount and expenses of $6,383 Preferred Stock dividends declared and paid Net loss Balance, December 31, 2013 See accompanying notes. F-6 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net (loss) income Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Change in fair value of contingent consideration Adjustment to deferred rent Amortization of intangible assets Write-off of intangible asset Depreciation and other amortization Loss on extinguishment of debt Amortization of debt discount Amortization of debt issue cost Amortization of retention loans Deferred income taxes Benefit attributable to reduction of goodwill Non-cash interest expense on forgivable loan Gain on forgiveness of accrued interest under forgivable loans Gain on forgiveness of principal of note payable under forgivable loans Non-cash compensation expense Loss on write-off of furniture, fixtures and leasehold improvements, net (Increase) decrease in operating assets: Securities owned, at fair value Receivables from clearing brokers Receivables from other broker-dealers Other receivables, net Notes receivable from financial advisors, net Cash surrender value of life insurance Other assets Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities: Securities sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value Accrued compensation Accrued interest Commissions and fees payable Deferred compensation liability Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Payment for business acquisition Payment for Securities America acquisition, net of cash received Purchases of fixed assets Sale of fixed assets Change in restricted assets Other Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Issuance of Series A preferred stock Issuance of common stock Series A preferred stock dividends paid Repurchases of common stock Issuance of notes payable and warrants Principal repayments on notes payable Principal (repayments) borrowings under revolving credit facility, net Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2011 $ (522) $ (16,354) $ 3,893 121 (106) 11,594 143 3,676 4,547 1,219 435 7,160 954 77 132 (1,067) (3,929) 6,766 430 (2,711) (14,418) 23 (1,153) 237 (1,163) (5,367) (209) 8,081 (2,397) 1,230 1,101 5,990 20,874 — — (6,861) 88 (250) — (7,023) 147,929 1,256 (6,911) (6,446) 1,709 (111,113) (25,500) (7,111) (356) 11,683 — 4,378 — 1,993 478 7,346 877 71 1,258 (1,365) (3,929) 4,744 7 (64) 1,426 (1,636) (1,661) (2,186) 954 (2,081) 214 1,518 1,680 5,679 (746) 831 7,648 (552) 0 (5,477) — — 99 (5,930) — 795 — (1,407) — (219) 2,950 — (595) 4,060 — 1,572 — 39 642 1,634 (16,590) 84 423 (450) (1,429) 4,014 — 669 (8,203) 851 (6,209) (19,634) 924 25 58 653 2,964 912 (833) (2,823) (33,349) — (125,685) (1,439) — 50 — (127,074) — 682 — (1,493) 175,700 5,600 (1,492) Third party investment in subsidiary Net cash provided by financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents, end of period Supplemental cash flow information: Interest paid Taxes paid Acquisition of Securities America: Assets acquired Liabilities assumed Net assets acquired Fair value of contingent earnout Cash paid in acquisition Cash acquired in acquisition Net cash paid in acquisition Acquisition of business: Assets acquired Liabilities assumed Net assets acquired Fair value of contingent earnout Cash paid in acquisition 120 1,044 14,895 35,434 50,329 $ — 2,119 3,837 31,597 35,434 $ — 178,997 18,574 13,023 31,597 16,034 $ 544 22,968 $ 488 $ 2,461 372 $ $ — — — — — — — — $ — — — — $ — $ — — — — — — $ 232,059 (74,948) 157,111 (7,111) 150,000 (24,315) 125,685 1,364 — 1,364 (812) 552 — — — — — See accompanying notes. F-7 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) 1. Description of Business Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. (the “Company”or "LTS") is a holding company. Its principal operating subsidiaries are Securities America, Inc. (collectively with related companies, ‘‘Securities America’’), Triad Advisors, Inc. (‘‘Triad’’), Investacorp, Inc. (collectively with related companies, ‘‘Investacorp’’), Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. (‘‘Ladenburg’’), Ladenburg Thalmann Asset Management Inc. (‘‘LTAM’’) and Premier Trust, Inc. (‘‘Premier Trust’’). Securities America, Triad and Investacorp are registered broker-dealers and investment advisors that have been serving the independent financial advisor community since 1984, 1998 and 1978, respectively. The independent financial advisors of Securities America, Triad and Investacorp primarily serve retail clients. Securities America, Triad and Investacorp derive revenue from advisory fees and commissions, primarily from the sale of mutual funds, variable annuity products and other financial products and services. Ladenburg is a full service registered broker-dealer that has been a member of the New York Stock Exchange since 1879. Broker-dealer activities include sales and trading and investment banking. Ladenburg provides its services principally to middle-market and emerging growth companies and high net worth individuals through a coordinated effort among corporate finance, capital markets, brokerage and trading professionals. LTAM is a registered investment advisor. It offers various asset management products utilized by Ladenburg and Premier Trust’s clients, as well as clients of Securities America’s, Triad's and Investacorp’s financial advisors. Premier Trust, a Nevada trust company, provides wealth management services, including administration of personal trusts and retirement accounts, estate and financial planning and custody services. Securities America's, Triad's, Investacorp's and Ladenburg's customer transactions are cleared through clearing brokers on a fully-disclosed basis and such entities are subject to regulation by, among others, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") and the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board. Each of Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg is a member of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. Securities America is also subject to regulation by the Commodities Futures Trading Commission and the National Futures Association. Premier Trust is subject to regulation by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry Financial Institutions Division. 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned, except for one subsidiary organized in 2013, which is 80% owned, after elimination of all significant intercompany balances and transactions. Use of Estimates The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents at December 31, 2013 and 2012 consist of money market funds which are carried at fair value of $19,631 and $8,882, respectively. Fair value is based on quoted prices in active markets (Level 1). F-8 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Revenue Recognition Commissions revenue results from transactions in equity securities, mutual funds, variable and other financial products and services. Most of the commission and advisory fee revenue generated by the Company's independent contractor financial advisors is paid to the advisors as commissions and fees for initiating the transactions. Commission revenue is generated from front-end sales commissions that occur at the point of sale, as well as trailing commissions. The Company recognizes front-end sales commmission revenue and related clearing and other expenses on transactions introduced to its clearing broker on a trade date basis. The Company also recognizes front-end sales commissions and related expenses on transactions initiated directly between the financial advisors and product sponsors upon receipt of notification from sponsors of the commission earned. Commission revenue also includes 12b-1 fees, and fixed and variable product trailing fees, collectively considered as trailing fees, which are recurring in nature. These trailing fees are earned by the Company based on a percentage of the current market value of clients' investment holding in trail eligible assets. Because trail commission revenues are generally paid in arrears, management estimates commission revenues earned during each period. These estimates are based on a number of factors including investment holdings and the applicable commission rate and the amount of trail commission revenue received in prior periods. Estimates are subsequently adjusted to actual based on notification from the sponsors of trail commissions earned. Advisory fee revenue represent fees charged by registered investment advisors to their clients based upon the value of advisory assets. Advisory fees are recorded as earned. Since advisory fees are based on assets under management, significant changes in the fair value of these assets will have an impact on the fees earned in future periods. The Company also earns incentive fees that are based upon the performance of investment funds and accounts. Investment banking revenue consists of underwriting revenue, strategic advisory revenue and private placement fees. Underwriting revenues arise from securities offerings in which Ladenburg acts as an underwriter and include management fees, selling concessions and underwriting fees, net of related syndicate expenses. Underwriting revenues are recorded at the time the underwriting is completed and the income is reasonably determined. Strategic advisory revenue primarily consists of success fees on completed mergers and acquisitions transactions, and retainer and periodic fees earned by advising buyers’ and sellers in transactions. Fees are also earned for related strategic advisory work and other services such as providing fairness opinions and valuation analyses. Strategic advisory revenues are recorded when the transactions or the services (or, if applicable, separate components thereof) to be performed are substantially complete, the fees are determinable and collection is reasonably assured. Private placement fees, net of expenses, are recorded on the closing date of the transaction. Principal transactions revenue includes realized and unrealized net gains and losses resulting from investments in equity securities and equity-linked warrants received from certain investment banking assignments. Interest is recorded on an accrual basis and dividends are recorded on an ex-dividend date basis. Service fees and other income principally includes amounts charged to independent financial advisors for processing of securities trades and for providing administrative and compliance services and also includes marketing allowances earned from product sponsor programs. All such amounts are recorded as earned. Fixed Assets Fixed assets are carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is provided by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, or their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter. Share-Based Compensation The Company measures the cost of employee, officer and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including stock options, based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The cost is recognized as compensation expense over the service period, which would normally be the vesting period of the equity instruments. F-9 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Compensation expense for share-based awards granted to independent contractors is measured at their vesting date fair value. The compensation expense recognized each period is based on the awards' estimated value at the most recent reporting date. Intangible Assets Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives, generally on a straight-line basis. Intangible assets subject to amortization are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of its intangible assets by determining whether the unamortized balance can be recovered over the assets’ remaining life through undiscounted forecasted cash flows. If undiscounted forecasted cash flows indicate that the unamortized amounts will not be recovered, an adjustment will be made to reduce such amounts to fair value determined based on forecasted future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk associated with achieving such cash flows. Future cash flows are based on trends of historical performance and the Company’s estimate of future performance, giving consideration to existing and anticipated competitive and economic conditions. See Note 7. Goodwill Goodwill, which was recorded in connection with acquisitions of subsidiaries (see Notes 3 and 8), is not subject to amortization and is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount. Fair value is typically based upon forecasted future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved or market based comparables. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value then an analysis will be performed to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of goodwill. An impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the implied fair value. After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of goodwill is its new accounting basis. Accounting guidance on the testing of goodwill for impairment allows entities the option of performing a qualitative assessment to determine the likelihood of goodwill impairment and whether it is necessary to perform such two-step quantitative impairment test. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In July 2012, the FASB issued amendments to the indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment guidance which provides an option for companies to use a qualitative approach to test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment if certain conditions are met. The amendments are effective for annual and interim indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012 (early adoption was permitted). The Company adopted the amended accounting guidance effective as of January 1, 2013, which did not have any impact on the Company's 2013 financial statements. 3. Acquisitions Securities America Acquisition On November 4, 2011, the Company completed its acquisition from Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (“Ameriprise”) of the outstanding capital stock of Securities America Financial Corporation (“SAFC”), which is a holding company and the sole owner of Securities America, Inc. (“SAI”), Securities America Advisors, Inc. (“SAA”), and Brecek & Young Advisors, Inc. (“BYA”). SAI is a registered broker-dealer which conducts securities brokerage services and markets insurance products nationally through a network of independent contractor financial advisors. SAA and BYA are registered investment advisors which provide investment advisory services through a network of independent contractor financial advisors. The acquisition was made to expand the Company’s presence in the independent broker-dealer business. The Company paid Ameriprise $150,000 in cash at closing and agreed to pay to Ameriprise, if earned, a cash earn-out over two years, subject to a maximum of $70,000, calculated based on a percentage of the amount, if any, by which SAFC’s consolidated gross revenue and cash spread, as defined, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013 exceeded certain levels. No earn-out was earned for 2012 or 2013. The purchase price, together with related cash requirements, was financed through various loans (see Note 12). F-10 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) The total acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred (“Purchase Price”) was $157,111, which included $7,111 for the estimated acquisition date fair value of the earn-out. Also, the stock purchase agreement provided for a purchase price adjustment based on the working capital of Securities America at the date of acquisition. As of December 31, 2012, such adjustment was finalized and resulted in the Company receiving an additional $99. Legal and other acquisition-related costs of approximately $2,971 were incurred and charged to expense during 2011. The acquisition date fair value of consideration transferred (the “purchase price”) was allocated to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill. The following table summarizes the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed: Cash Receivables Identifiable intangible assets Goodwill Cash surrender value of life insurance Other assets Total assets acquired Commissions and fees payable Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Deferred compensation liability Deferred taxes payable, net Deferred fees payable Total liabilities assumed Total purchase price $ $ 24,315 34,083 76,458 60,493 * 13,085 22,591 231,025 (15,714 ) (14,267 ) (19,534 ) (19,604 ) * (4,894 ) (74,013 ) 157,012 * During 2012, the Company reduced goodwill attributable to the Securities America acquisition by $935 to correct the overstatement of the deferred tax liability originally recorded, and by $99 to reflect the working capital purchase price adjustment. A deferred tax liability has been recorded for the excess of financial statement basis over tax basis of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities with a corresponding increase to goodwill. Goodwill, most of which is non-deductible for income tax purposes, was assigned to the Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services segment. Factors that contributed to a purchase price resulting in the recognition of goodwill include Securities America’s strategic fit into the Company’s Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services segment and the resulting synergies and economies of scale expected from the acquisition when combined with the Company’s other independent broker- dealers and Ladenburg’s traditional investment banking, capital markets, institutional equity and related businesses. Identifiable intangible assets as of the acquisition date consist of: Technology Relationships with independent contractor financial advisors Trade names Non-solicitation agreement Total identifiable intangible assets $ $ Useful Life (years) 7.7 9.2 7.2 2.2 20,996 43,188 12,267 7 76,458 Fair value amounts were determined using an income approach for relationships with advisors and trade names and a cost approach for technology. F-11 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) A liability of $7,111 was recognized based on the estimated acquisition date fair value of the potential earn-out. The liability was valued using an income based approach based on discounting to present value the earn-out’s probability weighted expected payoff using four earn- out scenarios for both earn-out periods. The fair value measurement of the earn-out is based on unobservable inputs (Level 3) and reflects the Company’s own assumptions. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the earn-out are: probability of outcomes; projected revenues; and weighted average cost of capital. Significant increases or decreases in any of these inputs in isolation would result in either a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. In connection with the acquisition, the Company made loans and granted stock options to SAI’s financial advisors. The loans, which aggregated $20,000, mature in four years and are ratably forgivable over the term of the loans provided the advisors meet certain production requirements and remain affiliated with SAI. The stock options for 8,020,743 common shares have an exercise price of $1.68 and vest ratably over a period of four years as long as the advisors remain affiliated with SAI. In addition, the Company granted to SAI employees options for 920,000 common shares which have an exercise price of $1.68 and vest ratably over a period of four years. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of Securities America from the date of acquisition. The following unaudited pro forma information represents the Company’s consolidated results of operations as if the acquisition of Securities America had occurred at the beginning of 2011. The pro forma net loss reflects amortization of the amounts ascribed to intangible assets acquired in the acquisition, compensation related to forgivable loans and stock option grants to independent financial advisors referred to above and interest expense on debt used to finance the acquisition and related cash requirements. Year Ended December 31, 2011 Total revenue Net loss Basic and diluted loss per share Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted $ $ $ 658,104 (45,133 ) (0.25 ) 183,023,590 The unaudited pro forma financial information is not intended to represent or be indicative of the Company’s consolidated results of operations that would have been reported had the acquisition been completed as of the beginning of 2011, nor should it be taken as indicative of the Company’s future consolidated results of operations. Revenues and net loss for Securities America for the period from November 5, 2011 to December 31, 2011 included in the accompanying statements of operations were $57,090 and $4,533, respectively. Other In December 2012, Securities America purchased certain assets of a broker-dealer having independent financial advisors that was deemed to be a business acquisition. The consideration for the transaction was $1,364, consisting of cash of $552 and contingent consideration having a fair value of $812, for which a liability was recognized based on the estimated acquisition date fair value of the potential earn-out. The liability was valued using an income based approach based on discounting to present value the earn-out’s probability weighted expected payout using three earn-out scenarios. The fair value measurement of the earn-out which relates to a four-year period, is based on unobservable inputs (Level 3) and reflects the Company’s own assumptions. Results of operations of the acquired broker-dealer are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations from the date of acquisition and were not material. In addition, based on materiality, pro forma results were not presented. Set forth below are changes in the carrying value of contingent consideration included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. F-12 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Fair value of contingent consideration as of December 31, 2011 Change in fair value of contingent consideration Fair value of contingent consideration in connection with 2012 acquisition Fair value of contingent consideration as of December 31, 2012 Payments Change in fair value of contingent consideration Fair value of contingent consideration as of December 31, 2013 $ $ $ 7,111 (7,111 ) 812 812 (344 ) 121 589 As a result of decreases in projected revenues based on actual revenues generated by Securities America for the year ended December 31, 2012, the estimated fair value of the earn-out decreased by $7,111, which is included in the results of operations in 2012. The estimated fair value of the earn-out related to the acquisition made in 2013 increased $121, which is included in the results of operations for 2013. 4. Securities Owned and Securities Sold, But Not Yet Purchased The components of securities owned and securities sold, but not yet purchased as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows: December 31, 2013 Certificates of deposit Debt securities U.S. Treasury notes Common stock and warrants Restricted common stock and warrants Other investments Total December 31, 2012 Certificates of deposit Debt securities U.S. Treasury notes Common stock and warrants Restricted common stock and warrants Total Securities Owned Securities Sold, But Not Yet Purchased $ $ $ $ 24 $ 1,402 1 689 725 1,948 4,789 $ 14 $ 1,098 — 384 582 2,078 $ — (46 ) — (33 ) (4 ) — (83 ) — (123 ) (99 ) (70 ) — (292 ) As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, approximately $4,014 and $1,787, respectively, of securities owned were deposited with clearing brokers and may be sold or hypothecated by the clearing brokers pursuant to clearing agreements with such clearing brokers. Securities sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value represents obligations of the Company’s subsidiaries to purchase the specified financial instrument at the then current market price. Accordingly, these transactions result in off-balance-sheet risk as the Company’s subsidiaries’ ultimate obligation to repurchase such securities may exceed the amount recognized in the consolidated statements of financial condition. F-13 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Authoritative accounting guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market. Valuation techniques that are consistent with the market, income or cost approach are used to measure fair value. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories: • Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted market prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, and reasonably available. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. • Level 3 — Unobservable inputs which reflect the assumptions that the Company develops based on available information about what market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability. Securities are carried at fair value and classified as follows: Securities owned, at fair value Certificates of deposit Debt securities U.S. Treasury notes Common stock and warrants Other investments Total December 31, 2013 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total $ $ 24 $ — — 689 — 713 $ — $ 1,402 1 725 1,948 4,076 $ — $ — — — — — $ 24 1,402 1 1,414 1,948 4,789 Securities sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total December 31, 2013 Debt securities Common stock and warrants Total Securities owned, at fair value Certificates of deposit Debt securities Common stock and warrants Total Securities sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value Debt securities U.S. Treasury notes Common stock and warrants Total F-14 $ $ — $ (33) (33) $ (46) $ (4) (50) $ — $ — — $ (46) (37) (83) December 31, 2012 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total 14 $ — 384 398 $ — $ 1,098 582 1,680 $ — $ — — — $ 14 1,098 966 2,078 December 31, 2012 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total — $ — (70) (70) $ (123) $ (99) — (222) $ — $ — — — $ (123) (99) (70) (292) $ $ $ $ LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Debt securities and U.S. Treasury notes are valued based on recently executed transactions, market price quotations, and pricing models that factor in, as applicable, interest rates and bond default risk spreads. Warrants are carried at a discount to fair value as determined by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model due to illiquidity. This model takes into account the underlying securities current market values, the underlying securities market volatility, the terms of the warrants, exercise prices, and risk-free return rate. As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the fair values of the warrants were $534 and $160, respectively, and are included in common stock and warrants (level 2) above. From time to time, Ladenburg receives common stock as compensation for investment banking services. These securities are restricted under applicable securities laws and may be freely traded only upon the effectiveness of a registration statement covering them or upon the satisfaction of the requirements of Rule 144, including the requisite holding period. Restricted common stock is classified as Level 2 securities. Other investments consist principally of equity interests in Real Estate Investment Trusts, which are valued based on broker-dealer quotations and pricing available from buyers in the secondary market (see Note 13 - Litigation and Regulatory Matters). 5. Net Capital Requirements The Company’s broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the SEC’s Uniform Net Capital Rule 15c3-1, which requires the maintenance of minimum net capital. Each of Securities America and Ladenburg has elected to compute its net capital under the alternative method allowed by this rule. At December 31, 2013, Securities America had regulatory net capital of $10,968, which was $10,718 in excess of its required net capital of $250. At December 31, 2013, Ladenburg had regulatory net capital of $12,573, which was $12,323 in excess of its required net capital of $250. Triad and Investacorp have elected to compute net capital using the traditional method under the SEC’s Uniform Net Capital Rule 15c3-1, which requires the maintenance of minimum net capital and a ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital that may not exceed 15 to 1. At December 31, 2013, Triad had net capital of $4,262, which was $3,147 in excess of its required net capital of $1,115. Triad’s net capital ratio was 3.9 to 1. At December 31, 2013, Investacorp had net capital of $5,052, which was $4,713 in excess of its required net capital of $339. Investacorp’s net capital ratio was 1.0 to 1. Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg claim exemptions from the provisions of the SEC’s Rule 15c3-3 pursuant to paragraph (k)(2)(ii) as they clear their customer transactions through correspondent brokers on a fully disclosed basis. Premier Trust, chartered by the state of Nevada, is subject to regulation by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry Financial Institutions Division. Under Nevada law, Premier Trust must maintain minimum stockholders’ equity of at least $1,000, including at least $250 in cash. At December 31, 2013, Premier Trust had stockholders’ equity of $1,319, including at least $250 in cash. 6. Fixed Assets Components of fixed assets, net included in the consolidated statements of financial condition were as follows: F-15 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Cost: Leasehold improvements Computer equipment Furniture and fixtures Other Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization Total 7. Intangible Assets December 31, 2013 2012 $ $ 3,839 $ 10,469 1,432 9,392 25,132 (9,266 ) 15,866 $ 4,763 10,009 1,658 7,446 23,876 (10,677) 13,199 At December 31, 2013 and 2012, intangible assets subject to amortization consisted of the following: Technology Relationships with financial advisors Vendor relationships Covenants not-to-compete Customer accounts Trade names Relationships with investment banking clients Leases Referral agreement Other Total Estimated Useful Life (years) 1 & 7.7 20, 10.2 & 9.2 7 5 & 2.2 10 & 6.9 10 & 7.2 4 6.4 6.6 6 December 31, 2013 December 31, 2012 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount $ 21,422 $ 6,359 $ 21,422 $ Accumulated Amortization 3,621 68,688 3,613 1,773 2,029 12,290 2,586 861 124 67 $ 113,453 $ 17,554 2,998 1,735 1,266 3,716 2,586 861 64 63 37,202 $ 68,688 3,613 1,773 2,029 12,290 2,586 1,004 124 67 113,596 $ 11,523 2,482 1,551 1,017 2,002 2,586 730 43 53 25,608 Aggregate amortization expense amounted to $11,594, $11,683 and $4,060 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. In 2013, the Company wrote off $143 of the unamortized balance of a lease intangible. The weighted-average amortization period for total amortizable intangibles at December 31, 2013 is 8.04 years. Estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years and thereafter is as follows: F-16 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 – 2027 8. Goodwill $ $ 11,219 10,910 10,711 10,551 10,477 22,383 76,251 Changes to the carrying amount of goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 are as follows: Balance as of January 1, 2012 Benefit applied to reduce goodwill Business acquisition Adjustment related to allocation of Securities America purchase price Reduction of purchase price for Securities America acquisition Balance as of December 31, 2012 Benefit applied to reduce goodwill Balance as of December 31, 2013 $ $ Ladenburg $ Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services 90,860 $ (71) 522 (935) (99) 90,277 $ (77) 90,200 $ Total 91,161 (71) 522 (935) (99) 90,578 (77) 90,501 301 $ — — — — 301 $ — 301 $ The annual impairment tests performed at December 31, 2013 and 2012, based on quantitative and qualitative assessments in 2013 and quantitative assessments in 2012, did not indicate that the carrying value of goodwill had been impaired. However, changes in circumstances or business conditions could result in an impairment of goodwill. During 2012, the Company reduced goodwill by $935, to correct an overstatement of the deferred tax liability recorded upon acquisition of Securities America, increased goodwill by $522 due to a business acquisition and reduced goodwill by $99 related to a working capital purchase price adjustment for the Securities America acquisition. For 2013 and 2012 , the carrying amount of goodwill was reduced by $77 and $71, respectively, representing state tax benefit realized for the excess of tax deductible goodwill over goodwill recognized for reporting purposes with respect to the Company’s subsidiaries. 9. Notes Receivable from Financial Advisors From time to time, the Company’s broker-dealer subsidiaries may make loans to their financial advisors. These loans are primarily given to newly recruited brokers to assist in the transition process. As described in Note 3, in connection with the Securities America acquisiton, the Company made retention loans aggregating $20,000 to Securities America’s financial advisors. The notes receivable balance is comprised of unsecured non-interest-bearing and interest-bearing loans (interest ranging up to 8.0%) to the financial advisors. These notes have various schedules for repayment or forgiveness and mature at various dates through 2021. The notes are amortized over the forgiveness period which generally ranges from 3 to 5 years. Receivables are continually evaluated for collectability and possible write-offs and an allowance for doubtful accounts is provided where a loss is considered probable. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the allowance amounted to $419 and $628, respectively. The net carrying value of notes receivable, which are recorded at cost, as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 was $31,751 and $39,148, respectively, which approximates fair value. Fair value is determined based on a valuation technique to convert future cash payments or forgiveness transactions to a single discounted present value amount (Level 2 inputs). 10. Deferred Compensation Plan Securities America has a deferred compensation plan which allowed certain members of management and qualified, financial advisors to defer a portion of their compensation and commissions. Participants were able to elect various distribution options, but must be a plan participant for five years before any distributions can be made. Securities America has purchased variable life insurance contracts with cash surrender values that are designed to replicate the gains and losses of the deferred compensation liability and are held in a consolidated Rabbi Trust. The cash surrender values of the life insurance contracts held in the Rabbi Trust are intended to informally fund a portion of the deferred compensation liability. Securities America is the owner and beneficiary of these policies, for which the aggregated cash surrender value totaled $12,370 and $11,207 as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The deferred compensation liability of $19,056 and $17,955 as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, reflects the current value of the deferred compensation benefits, which is subject to change F-17 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) with market value fluctuations. The deferred compensation liability is equal to the theorized value of the underlying employee investment fund elections in the plan. Changes in the value of the assets or liabilities are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. 11. Income Taxes The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return and certain combined state and local income tax returns with its subsidiaries. The Company is on a tax year ending December 31st. Income taxes consist of the following: 2013: Current Deferred Benefit applied to reduce goodwill 2012: Current Deferred Benefit applied to reduce goodwill 2011: Current Deferred Benefit applied to reduce goodwill Federal State and Local Total $ $ $ $ $ 403 $ 731 — 1,134 $ — $ 527 — 527 $ — $ (14,066) — $ (14,066) $ 1,492 $ 223 77 1,792 $ 514 $ 350 71 935 $ 1,895 954 77 2,926 514 877 71 1,462 311 $ (2,524) 84 (2,129) $ 311 (16,590) 84 (16,195) The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate (34%) to pre-tax income (loss) as a result of the following differences: Income (loss) before income taxes Expense (benefit) under statutory U.S. tax rates Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from: Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance Change in fair value of contingent consideration, not taxable Other nondeductible items State taxes, net of federal benefit Other, net Income tax expense (benefit) 2013 2,404 $ 817 (272) 41 1,085 1,183 72 2,926 $ $ $ 2011 2012 (14,892) $ (12,302) (4,183) (5,063) 8,500 (2,844) 346 340 183 (12,600) — 129 206 253 1,462 $ (16,195) The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of tax benefits or expense on the temporary differences between the tax basis and financial statement basis of its assets and liabilities as well as tax loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax amounts are comprised of the following at December 31: F-18 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Deferred tax assets (liabilities): Net operating loss carryforwards AMT credit carryforward Accrued expenses Compensation and benefits Deferred compensation liability Fixed assets Other Unrealized gain Intangibles Goodwill Valuation allowance Net deferred taxes 2013 2012 $ $ 28,806 $ 706 3,380 15,167 7,299 (41) — 649 (20,496) (6,578) 28,892 (36,391) (7,499) $ 35,241 * 303 1,697 12,934 6,877 384 * 18 936 (22,807) * (5,465) 30,118 * (36,663) * (6,545) *Includes increases in both deferred tax assets and valuation allowance of $2,656 from amounts previously reported related to fixed assets. In addition, includes adjustments of $2,378 to the net operating loss carryforwards and intangibles. As discussed in Note 3, a net deferred tax liability of $19,604, as corrected, was recorded on the acquisition of Securities America for the excess financial statement basis over tax basis of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. As Securities America will be included in the Company’s consolidated federal and certain combined state and local income tax returns, deferred federal and a substantial portion of deferred state and local tax liabilities assumed in the acquisition are able to offset the reversal of the Company’s pre-existing deferred tax assets. Accordingly, the Company’s deferred tax valuation allowance has been reduced to the extent of $18,329 of the deferred tax liability recorded in the acquisition and recorded as a deferred tax benefit in the accompanying statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2011. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on the existence of sufficient taxable income within the carryforward period, including future reversals of taxable temporary differences. The taxable temporary difference related to goodwill, which is amortized for tax purposes, will reverse when goodwill is disposed of or impaired. Because such period is not determinable and, based on available evidence, management was unable to determine that realization of the deferred tax assets was more likely than not, management has provided a valuation allowance at December 31, 2013 and 2012 to fully offset the deferred tax assets. At December 31, 2013, the Company and its subsidiaries had a consolidated net operating loss carryforward of approximately $80,000 for federal income tax purposes expiring in various years from 2021 through 2032. The annual utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards may be limited in future years due to the change in ownership provisions prescribed by Section 382 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Goodwill for tax purposes recognized in connection with the acquisition of Triad by the Company, all of which is tax deductible, exceeded the amount of goodwill recognized in the financial statements. Authoritative accounting guidance in effect when the acquisition was consummated requires the tax benefit for the excess goodwill to be recognized when realized and applied first to reduce goodwill and thereafter reduce non-current intangible assets with the remaining benefit recognized as a reduction of income tax expense. The federal net operating loss carryforward at December 31, 2013 includes $1,953 applicable to amortization of excess tax goodwill. Upon utilization of the carryforward the related tax benefit will be applied to reduce goodwill. The Company applied the “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold to all tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, which resulted in no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2013. The Company has elected to classify interest and penalties that would accrue according to the provisions of relevant tax law as interest and other expense, respectively. F-19 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) The Company’s tax years 2011 through 2013 remain open to examination by most taxing authorities. Further, tax years in which the Company generated net operating loss carryforwards are subject to examination only with respect to such net operating loss carryforwards upon utilization in future years. Securities America was included in consolidated federal and state income tax returns filed by Ameriprise. Accordingly, Securities America is jointly, with other members of the consolidated group, and severally liable for any additional taxes that may be assessed against the group. In connection with the acquisition, Ameriprise has agreed to indemnify the Company for any such assessments imposed on any members of the group other than Securities America. Ameriprise has disclosed that the IRS is currently auditing its U.S. income tax returns for 2008 through 2011 and further that certain of its subsidiaries’ state income tax returns are currently under examination by various jurisdictions for years ranging from 1997 through 2011. 12. Notes Payable Notes payable consisted of the following: Note payable under revolving credit agreement with principal shareholder Notes payable to clearing firm under forgivable loans Note payable to a subsidiary of Premier Trust’s former shareholder Notes payable to finance Securities America acquisition, net of $1,618 and $7,120 of unamortized discount in 2013 and 2012, respectively Note payable under term loan with bank Total December 31, 2013 December 31, 2012 $ $ — 14,285 450 48,232 1,681 64,648 $ $ 25,500 18,214 685 153,580 — 197,979 The Company estimates that the fair value of notes payable was $68,908 at December 31, 2013 and $187,385 at December 31, 2012 based on then current interest rates at which similar amounts of debt could currently be borrowed (Level 2 inputs). As of December 31, 2013, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants in its debt agreements. Revolving Credit Agreement On October 19, 2007, in connection with the Investacorp acquisition, the Company entered into a $30,000 revolving credit agreement with Frost Gamma Investments Trust (“Frost Gamma”), an affiliate of the Company’s chairman of the board and principal shareholder, and borrowed $30,000. Borrowings under the Frost Gamma credit agreement bear interest at a rate of 11% per annum, payable quarterly. Frost Gamma received a one-time funding fee of $150. On August 25, 2009, the revolving credit agreement was amended to extend the maturity date to August 25, 2016. In connection with the Securities America acquisition, on August 16, 2011, the Company entered into a second amendment to the revolving credit agreement, under which available borrowings were increased by $10,000 to an aggregate of $40,000. In 2013, the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of Series A Preferred Stock to repay the outstanding balance (approximately $39,300) under the revolving credit agreement. At December 31, 2013, the Company had no outstanding balance under the revolving credit agreement. The note issued under the credit agreement contains customary events of default, which, if uncured, entitle the holder to accelerate the due date of the unpaid principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, such note. Under the revolving credit agreement, Frost Gamma received a warrant to purchase 2,000,000 shares of LTS common stock. The warrant is exercisable at any time during its ten-year term at an exercise price of $1.91 per share, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the Investacorp acquisition date. The warrant, which is classified as debt issue cost, was valued at $3,200 based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and is being amortized under the straight-line method over the remaining term of the revolving credit agreement. The Company may repay outstanding amounts at any time prior to the maturity date of August 25, 2016, without penalty, and may re-borrow up to the full amount of the agreement. F-20 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) NFS Forgivable Loans On November 4, 2011, the primary clearing firm of the Company's subsidiaries, National Financial Services LLC (“NFS”), a Fidelity Investments® company, provided the Company with a seven-year, $15,000 forgivable loan. The Company used the forgivable loan proceeds to fund expenses related to the Securities America acquisition. Interest on the loan accrues at the average annual Federal Funds effective rate plus 6% per annum, subject to the maximum rate of 11% per annum (6.8% at December 31, 2013). If Securities America meets certain annual clearing revenue targets set forth in the loan agreement, the principal balance of the loan will be forgiven in seven equal yearly installments of $2,143 through November 2018. Interest payments due with respect to each such year will also be forgiven if the annual clearing revenue targets are met. Any principal amounts not forgiven will be due in November 2018, and any interest payments not forgiven are due annually. If during the loan term any principal amount is not forgiven, the Company may have such principal forgiven in future years if Securities America exceeds subsequent annual clearing revenue targets. In 2013, principal and interest of $2,143 and $787, respectively, were forgiven. Upon meeting annual revenue targets, principal and interest of $2,143 and $919 respectively, in 2012, were forgiven and included in other income. In connection with the entering into the new forgivable loan, Securities America and the Company’s other broker-dealer subsidiaries amended their clearing agreements with NFS to, among other things, extend the term of those agreements through November 2018. Also, the Company and NFS amended the terms of the 2009 forgivable loan made by NFS to the Company such that the remaining principal balance of $7,143 and the related accrued interest will be forgiven, subject to the terms and conditions of the loan, in four equal annual installments commencing in November 2012 without the Company being required to satisfy the annual clearing revenue targets previously established. Interest on the 2009 loan accrues at the prime rate plus 2% (5.25% at December 31, 2013). Upon meeting annual revenue targets, principal and interest, respectively, of $1,786 and $280 in 2013, $1,786 and $446 in 2012 and $1,429 and $450 in 2011, were forgiven and included in other income. The Company has expensed, and will continue to expense, interest under the loan agreements prior to forgiveness. The forgivable loan agreements contain covenants, including limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, maintenance of minimum adjusted shareholders’ equity levels and a prohibition on the termination of the Company’s $40,000 revolving credit agreement prior to its current maturity. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the outstanding principal and interest under the loan agreements may be accelerated and become due and payable. If the clearing agreements are terminated prior to the loan maturity date, all amounts then outstanding must be repaid on demand. The loan agreements are secured by the Company’s, but not its subsidiaries’, deposits and accounts held at NFS or its affiliates, which amounted to $3,276 at December 31, 2013. Premier Trust Note On September 1, 2010, as part of the consideration paid for Premier Trust, the Company issued a four-year, non-negotiable promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $1,161 to a subsidiary of Premier Trust’s former shareholder. The note bears interest at 6.5% per annum and is payable in 15 equal quarterly installments. Securities America Notes On November 4, 2011 (the “Closing Date”), in connection with the Securities America acquisition, the Company entered into a loan agreement with various lenders (the “Lenders”), under which the Lenders provided a loan to the Company in an aggregate principal amount of $160,700 (the "November 2011 Loan"), a portion of which was used to fund the cash purchase price payable on the Closing Date. Interest on the November 2011 Loan is payable quarterly at 11% per annum. The Company may elect to pay interest in kind with the consent of certain Lenders. The remaining balance of the loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, is due on November 4, 2016. The Company may voluntarily repay the loan at any time without premium or penalty. The notes issued under the loan rank senior in right of payment to all of the Company's indebtedness incurred after the Closing Date and will rank at least equal in right of payment with the claims of all of the Company's existing unsecured and unsubordinated creditors. Also, so long as amounts remain outstanding and unpaid under such notes, the Company may not, without the consent of the Lenders, create, incur or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money (other than existing indebtedness as the same may be amended or extended, or trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of business) that is not subordinated in all respects to the indebtedness under such notes. The notes contain customary events of default, which, if uncured, permit the Lenders to accelerate the maturity date F-21 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) of the loan. On the Closing Date, the Company paid a one-time aggregate funding fee of $804 to the Lenders and issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 10,713,332 shares of the Company's common stock. The Warrants are exercisable at any time prior to their expiration on November 4, 2016 at $1.68 per share, which was the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the Closing Date. The Warrants may be exercised in cash, by net exercise or pursuant to a Lender’s surrender of all or a portion of the principal amount of such Lender’s note. The warrants were valued at $9,428 utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following inputs: Dividend yield Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Expected life (in years) —% 62.19% 0.88% 5 The value of the warrants were credited to Additional Paid-in Capital with a corresponding reduction in the carrying value of the notes as debt discount, which is being amortized over the term of the notes by the interest method. The lenders under the November 2011 Loan included Frost Nevada Investments Trust ("Frost Nevada"), an affiliate of the Company's chairman of the board and principal shareholder, Vector Group, Ltd. ("Vector Group"), a principal shareholder of the Company, and the Company's president and chief executive officer and a director. The principal amounts loaned by Frost Nevada, Vector Group and the Company's president and chief executive officer were $135,000, $15,000 and $200, respectively. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of Series A Preferred Stock in the year ended December 31, 2013 (see Note 15) to prepay $110,850 principal amount of the $160,700 aggregate principal amount of the November 2011 Loan. In connection with the prepayment, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt for the year ended December 31, 2013 of $4,547, which included unamortized discounts and write-off of debt issue costs. Bank Term Loan On November 6, 2013, our subsidiary, Securities America Financial Corporation, which is the parent of Securities America, entered into a loan agreement with a third-party financial institution for a term loan in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $1,709. The term loan bears interest at 5.5%, has a 54-month term and is collateralized by Securities America’s non-forgivable financial advisor note portfolio. Pursuant to this loan agreement, up to $1,500 aggregate principal amount of additional loans is available, subject to certain conditions. Any additional loans would bear interest at 5.5% per annum. At December 31, 2013, $1,681 was outstanding under this loan. The loan agreement contain certain affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants regarding Securities America’s client asset levels and number of financial advisors. 13. Commitments and Contingencies Operating Leases The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are obligated under several non-cancelable lease agreements for office space, expiring in various years through April 2018. Certain leases have provisions for escalation based on specified increases in costs incurred by the landlord. The Company is a sublessor to third parties for a portion of its office space as described below. The subleases expire at various dates through February 2016. As of December 31, 2013, minimum lease payments (net of lease abatement and exclusive of escalation charges) and sublease rentals are as follows: F-22 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Year Ending December 31, 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total $ $ Lease Commitments Sublease Rentals Net 10,050 $ 7,412 4,851 3,927 457 26,697 $ 4,845 $ 2,033 4 — — 6,882 $ 5,205 5,379 4,847 3,927 457 19,815 Deferred rent of $1,871 and $1,977 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, represents lease incentives related to the value of landlord financed improvements together with the difference between rent payable calculated over the life of the leases on a straight-line basis (net of lease incentives), and rent payable on a cash basis. Litigation and Regulatory Matters In October 2011, a suit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware by James Zazzali, as Trustee for the DBSI Private Actions Trust, against 50 firms, including two of our subsidiaries, and their purported parent corporations, alleging liability for purported fraud in the marketing and sale of DBSI securities. The plaintiff has alleged, among other things, that the defendants failed to conduct adequate due diligence and violated securities laws. The plaintiff seeks an unspecified amount of compensatory damages as well as other relief. Defendants' motions to dismiss the complaint are currently pending. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them. In December 2011, a purported class action suit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida against FriendFinder Networks, Inc. (“FriendFinder”), various individuals, Ladenburg and another broker-dealer as underwriters for the May 11, 2011 FriendFinder initial public offering. On June 20, 2013, the plaintiffs filed their second amended complaint, alleging that the defendants, including Ladenburg, are liable for violations of federal securities laws. The amended complaint does not specify the amount of damages sought. In September 2013, FriendFinder filed a voluntary petition under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code in federal bankruptcy court in Delaware and in December 2013, the bankruptcy court confirmed the FriendFinder plan of reorganization. As a result, the plaintiffs are precluded from pursuing their claims against FriendFinder. The remaining defendants' motions to dismiss the second amended complaint are currently pending. The Company believes that the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them. In December 2012, a purported class action suit was filed in the Superior Court of California for San Mateo County against Worldwide Energy & Manufacturing, Inc. (“WEMU”), certain individuals, and Ladenburg as placement agent for a 2010 offering of WEMU securities. The complaint alleges that the defendants, including Ladenburg, are liable for violations of state securities laws, and does not specify the amount of damages sought. On January 27, 2014, the parties entered into a memorandum of understanding that, once memorialized in a settlement agreement and if approved by the court, will resolve all claims in the complaint. The amount expected to be paid by Ladenburg in settlement has been accrued at December 31, 2013. During the fourth quarter of 2009, Triad had a short-term net-capital deficiency, discovered during a routine regulatory review, which was not disclosed properly on a monthly FOCUS report. Following investigation of the matter, Triad implemented corrective actions with respect to the net capital issue, as well as other issues that arose during the course of the investigation. These corrective actions included reporting the deficiency to governmental and self-regulatory organizations, filing amended FOCUS reports for historical periods, implementing new procedures to monitor net capital compliance, and terminating the employees who had primary responsibility for monitoring and reporting its net capital. Moreover, FINRA's review included Triad’s supervisory system and written supervisory procedures for subsequent periods, especially as they concern correspondence review, internal inspections, consolidated report disclosures, supervisory controls and protection of consumer personal and financial information. FINRA noted misconduct relating to two former registered representatives’ use of consolidated reports. In March 2014, Triad entered into a settlement with FINRA under which Triad agreed to a censure, a $650 fine, $375 in restitution to customers, and other relief. These amounts were accrued at December 31, 2013. F-23 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) On May 22, 2013, the Massachusetts Securities Division issued a consent order with Securities America relating to its investigation into sales of non-traded REIT securities, prior to the date of the Company’s acquisition of Securities America, to clients in amounts that exceeded concentration thresholds proscribed in Massachusetts securities laws. Pursuant to the consent order, Securities America offered rescission to its Massachusetts clients whose purchases of non-traded REIT securities were allegedly in violation of Massachusetts securities laws, paid a monetary fine, and agreed to certain other relief. A total of 63 clients have exercised rescission rights; total payments to those clients are $3,755. Values in the re-sale market for the tendered securities may fluctuate. The loss, after giving effect to the estimated fair value of the tendered securities, and estimated recoveries from financial advisors, has been recorded in 2013. In connection with a 2010 examination of a Securities America branch office, FINRA reviewed supervisory procedures surrounding the use of certain consolidated reports at Securities America. In March 2014, Securities America resolved the matter with FINRA by agreeing to a censure and a $625 fine. This amount was accrued at December 31, 2013. In April 2013, a former client of Securities America filed an arbitration claim against Securities America concerning the suitability of investments in three tenant-in-common interests purchased through Section 1031 tax-deferred exchanges; the claimant seeks compensatory damages equal to the purported total investment loss of approximately $2,164 and other relief. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them. During the period from June to November 2013, six former clients of Triad filed arbitration claims concerning the suitability of investments in tenant-in-common interests purchased through Section 1031 tax-deferred exchanges. The claimants seek compensatory damages equal to the purported total investment losses totaling $5,109, and other relief. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them. Commencing in October 2013, the Pennsylvania Department of Banking and Securities requested that Securities America provide information concerning purchases of non-traded REIT securities by Pennsylvania residents since 2007. Securities America is complying with the requests. The Company is unable to determine whether and to what extent the Department may seek to discipline Securities America or the scope of any potential liability. In January 2014, a client of a former Securities America representative requested that the arbitration panel add two Securities America affiliates to an arbitration claim concerning the suitability of a $15,000 life insurance policy, not sold through Securities America or its affiliates. The claim seeks $3,000 in compensatory damages, and other relief. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them. In the ordinary course of business, in addition to the above disclosed matters, the Company's subsidiaries are defendants in other litigation and arbitration proceedings and may be subject to unasserted claims primarily in connection with their activities as securities broker-dealers or as a result of services provided in connection with securities offerings. Such litigation and claims may involve substantial or indeterminate amounts and are in varying stages of legal proceedings. When the Company believes that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss, after giving effect to expected insurance recovery, can be reasonably estimated, the Company accrues such amount. Upon final resolution, amounts payable may differ materially from amounts accrued. The Company had accrued liabilities in the amount of approximately $3,291 at December 31, 2013 and $27 at December 31, 2012 for certain pending matters, which are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. During 2013, the Company charged $2,746 to operations with respect to such matters. For other pending matters, the Company is unable to estimate a range of possible loss; however, in the opinion of management, after consultation with counsel, the ultimate resolution of these matters should not have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. F-24 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) 14. Off-Balance-Sheet Risk and Concentration of Credit Risk Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg do not carry accounts for customers or perform custodial functions related to customers’ securities. They introduce all of their customer transactions, which are not reflected in these financial statements, to clearing brokers, which maintain cash and the customers’ accounts and clear such transactions. Also, the clearing brokers provide the clearing and depository operations for proprietary securities transactions. These activities create exposure to off-balance-sheet risk in the event that customers do not fulfill their obligations to the clearing brokers, as each of Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg has agreed to indemnify such clearing brokers for any resulting losses. Each of Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg continually assesses risk associated with each customer who is on margin credit and records an estimated loss when management believes collection from the customer is unlikely. The clearing operations for the Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg securities transactions are provided by two clearing brokers, which are large financial institutions. At December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, amounts due from these clearing brokers were $31,391 and $16,973, respectively, which represents a substantial concentration of credit risk should these clearing brokers be unable to fulfill their obligations. In the normal course of business, Securities America, Triad, Investacorp and Ladenburg may enter into transactions in financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, Securities America, Triad and Ladenburg sold securities that they do not own and will therefore be obligated to purchase such securities at a future date. These obligations have been recorded in the statements of financial condition at the market values of the related securities, and such entities will incur a loss if, at the time of purchase, the market value of the securities has increased since the applicable date of sale. The Company and its subsidiaries maintain cash in bank deposit accounts, which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash. 15. Shareholders’ Equity Repurchase Program In March 2007, the Company’s board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions. In October 2011, the board approved an amendment to the repurchase program to permit the purchase of up to an additional 5,000,000 shares. Since inception through December 31, 2013, 3,749,757 shares of common stock have been repurchased for $6,089 under the program, including 767,790 shares repurchased for $1,436 in 2013. On August 15, 2013, the Company purchased 3,000,000 shares of its common stock at a price of $1.67 per share, or a total cost of $5,010, in a privately-negotiated transaction, which was not made pursuant to its stock repurchase program. Warrants As of December 31, 2013, outstanding warrants to acquire the Company’s common stock were as follows: $ Expiration Date 2016 2016 2016 2016 2017 Exercise Price Number of Shares 0.94 0.96 0.68 1.68 1.91 1,249,000 400,000 1,533,334 10,713,332 2,000,000 15,895,666 In connection with the Securities America acquisition, in November 2011, the Company issued to the Lenders five-year warrants to purchase 10,713,332 shares of common stock at $1.68 per share (see Note 12). F-25 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) In 2013, warrants were exercised to purchase 1,002,065 shares of the Company's common stock, net of 224,601 shares tendered in payment of the exercise price. The intrinsic value on the date of exercise was $2,526. Capital Stock On May 9, 2013, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the Company's Articles of Incorporation to increase the number of shares of preferred stock authorized from 2,000,000 to 25,000,000 and to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized from 400,000,000 to 600,000,000. On May 21, 2013, the Company filed Articles of Amendment with the Department of State of the State of Florida to designate 5,290,000 shares of the Company's authorized preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, as shares of Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) with the powers, designations, preferences and other rights as set forth therein (the “Articles of Amendment”). The Articles of Amendment became effective on May 24, 2013. In addition, on June 24, 2013, the Company filed a further amendment to designate an additional 3,000,000 preferred shares as Series A Preferred Stock. The Articles of Amendment provide that the Company will pay monthly cumulative dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock, in arrears, on the 28th day of each month (provided that if any dividend payment date is not a business day, then the dividend which would otherwise have been payable on that dividend payment date may be paid on the next succeeding business day without adjustment in the amount of the dividend) from, and including, the date of original issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock at 8.00% of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference per annum (equivalent to $2.00 per annum per share). The Articles of Amendment further provide that dividends will be payable to holders of record as they appear in the stock records of the Company for the Series A Preferred Stock at the close of business on the applicable record date, which shall be the 15th day of each month, whether or not a business day, in which the applicable dividend payment date falls. The Series A Preferred Stock will not be redeemable before May 24, 2018, except upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined in the Articles of Amendment). On or after May 24, 2018, the Company may, at its option, redeem any or all of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock at $25.00 per share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date. Also, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company may, at its option, redeem any or all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock within 120 days after the first date on which such Change of Control occurred at $25.00 per share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date. The Series A Preferred Stock has no stated maturity, is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless repurchased or redeemed by the Company or converted into the Company's common stock in connection with a Change of Control by the holders of Series A Preferred Stock. Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, each holder of Series A Preferred Stock will have the right (subject to the Company's election to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock in whole or in part, as described above, prior to the Change of Control Conversion Date (as defined in the Articles of Amendment)) to convert some or all of the Series A Preferred Stock held by such holder on the Change of Control Conversion Date into a number of shares of the Company's common stock per share of Series A Preferred Stock determined by formula, in each case, on the terms and subject to the conditions described in the Articles of Amendment, including provisions for the receipt, under specified circumstances, of alternative consideration as described in the Articles of Amendment. Except under limited circumstances, holders of the Series A Preferred Stock generally do not have any voting rights. On May 24, 2013, the Company completed a public offering of 4,600,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for gross proceeeds of $115,000. On May 31, 2013, the Company completed the offering of an additional 690,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters in connection with the offering. The exercise of the option, which resulted in additional gross proceeds of $17,250, brought the total gross proceeds from the offering to $132,250, before deducting the underwriting discount paid to unaffiliated underwriters and offering expenses aggregating $5,972, including $2,603 of brokerage commissions earned by employees of Ladenburg, which served as an underwriter in the offering. F-26 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) On June 24, 2013, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement under which it may sell up to an aggregate of 3,000,000 shares of its Series A Preferred Stock from time to time in an “at the market” offering under Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company sold 899,497 shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the "at the market" offering, with total gross proceeds of $22,062, before deducting the commission paid to unaffiliated sales agents and offering expenses aggregating $411. From January 1, 2014 through March 7, 2014, the Company sold an additional 469,716 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, which provided net proceeds of $10,601. Dividends of $6,911 were paid during the year ended December 31, 2013, on the Series A Preferred Stock based on a monthly dividend of approximately $0.17 per share from the date of issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock. 16. Per Share Data Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to the Company, decreased with respect to net income or increased with respect to net loss by dividends declared on preferred stock by using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. The dilutive effect of incremental common shares potentially issuable under outstanding options, warrants and restricted shares is included in diluted earnings per share in 2011 utilizing the treasury stock method. The computations of basic and diluted per share data were as follows: Net (loss) income Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest Net (loss) income attributable to the Company Dividends declared on preferred stock Net (loss) income available to common shareholders Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic Effect of dilutive securities: Options to purchase common stock Warrants to purchase common stock Restricted shares Dilutive potential common shares Weighted average common shares outstanding – dilutive Net (loss) income per common share: Basic and diluted Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 (522) $ (68) (454) (6,911) (7,365) $ (16,354) $ — (16,354) — (16,354) $ 182,295,476 183,572,582 $ $ — — — — — — — — 2011 3,893 — 3,893 — 3,893 183,023,590 3,616,816 2,313,636 59,986 5,990,438 182,295,476 183,572,582 189,014,028 $ (0.04) $ (0.09) $ 0.02 During 2013, 2012 and 2011, options, warrants and restricted stock to purchase 55,398,631, 54,837,515 and 13,337,994 common shares, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted income (loss) per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive. 17. Stock Compensation Plans F-27 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Employee Stock Purchase Plan Under the Company’s amended and restated Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan, a total of 10,000,000 shares of common stock are available for issuance. As currently administered by the Company’s compensation committee, all full-time employees may use a portion of their salary to acquire shares of LTS common stock under this purchase plan at a 5% discount from the market price of LTS’ common stock at the end of each option period. Option periods have been set at three month periods and commence on January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1 of each year and end on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. The plan is intended to qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. During 2013, 112,646 shares of LTS common stock were issued to employees under this plan, at prices ranging from $1.57 to $2.97; during 2012, 98,513 shares of LTS common stock were issued to employees under this plan, at prices ranging from $1.25 to $1.69; during 2011, 58,884 shares of LTS common stock were issued to employees under this plan, at prices ranging from $1.09 to $2.36; resulting in a capital contribution of $201, $138 and $83 for 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amended and Restated 1999 Performance Equity Plan and 2009 Incentive Compensation Plan In 1999, the Company adopted the 1999 Performance Equity Plan (as amended and restated, the “1999 Plan”) and in 2009 the Company adopted the 2009 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2009 Plan”), which provide for the grant of stock options and other awards to designated employees, officers and directors and certain other persons performing services for the Company and its subsidiaries, as designated by the board of directors. The plans each provide for the granting of up to 25,000,000 awards with an annual limit on grants to any individual of 1,500,000. Awards under the plans include stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, deferred stock, stock reload options and/or other stock-based awards. Dividends, if any, are not paid on unexercised stock options. The compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors administers the plans. Stock options granted under the 2009 Plan may be incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options. An incentive stock option may be granted only through August 27, 2019 under the 2009 Plan and may only be exercised within ten years of the date of grant (or five years in the case of an incentive stock option granted to an optionee who at the time of the grant possesses more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of LTS (“10% Shareholder”). Incentive stock options may no longer be granted under the 1999 Plan. The exercise price of both incentive and non-qualified options may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of LTS’ common stock at the date of grant, provided, that the exercise price of an incentive stock option granted to a 10% Shareholder shall not be less than 110% of the fair market value of LTS’ common stock at the date of grant. As of December 31, 2013, 6,351,480 and 1,189,654 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the 2009 Plan and the 1999 Plan, respectively. A summary of the status of the 1999 Plan at December 31, 2013 and changes during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are presented below: F-28 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Options outstanding, December 31, 2010 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Options outstanding, December 31, 2011 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Options outstanding, December 31, 2012 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Options outstanding, December 31, 2013 Vested or expected to vest Options exercisable, December 31, 2013 Shares 17,195,240 1,655,000 (634,772) (65,000) (385,000) 17,765,468 500,000 (881,500) (35,000) (46,500) 17,302,468 — (285,067) (30,000) (55,000) 16,932,401 $ 16,926,441 $ 14,994,901 $ Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value 1.38 1.27 0.88 1.73 2.72 1.36 2.80 0.88 1.90 0.27 1.43 — 1.33 1.38 0.34 1.43 1.43 1.44 6.5 2,980 6.0 19,977 5.3 4,475 4.4 $ 4.4 $ 4.1 $ 28,748 28,743 25,429 A summary of the status of the 2009 Plan at December 31, 2013 and changes during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are presented below: Options outstanding, December 31, 2010 Granted Exercised Forfeited Options outstanding, December 31, 2011 Granted Forfeited Options outstanding, December 31, 2012 Granted Exercised Forfeited Options outstanding, December 31, 2013 Vested or expected to vest Options exercisable, December 31, 2013 Non-Plan Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) 9.3 Aggregate Intrinsic Value 211 9.6 11,651 8.7 $ 790 8.0 $ 8.0 $ 7.7 $ 25,285 24,646 11,202 1.00 1.61 0.80 1.68 1.55 2.57 1.73 1.78 1.41 1.39 1.51 1.74 1.74 1.64 Shares 1,245,000 11,320,743 (50,000) (11,749) 12,503,994 3,725,000 (291,279) 15,937,715 $ 2,788,212 (272,955) (307,408) 18,145,564 $ 17,706,646 $ 7,252,152 $ F-29 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) The Company has granted stock options to newly-hired employees in conjunction with their employment agreements or in connection with acquisitions, which are outside of the option plans. A summary of the status of these options at December 31, 2013 and changes during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are presented below: Options outstanding, December 31, 2011 and 2012 Exercised Options outstanding, December 31, 2013 Vested or expected to vest Options exercisable, December 31, 2013 Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value 516 4.4 $ 3.4 $ 3.4 $ 3.4 $ 6,624 6,624 6,624 1.63 1.05 1.63 1.63 1.63 Shares 4,475,000 $ (50,000) 4,425,000 $ 4,425,000 $ 4,425,000 $ The weighted-average grant date fair value of employee and director options granted during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $0.74, $1.13 and $0.82, respectively. The fair value of each option award was estimated on the date of grant using the Black- Scholes option pricing model using the following weighted-average assumptions: Dividend yield Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Expected life (in years) Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2011 —% 65.66% 1.17% 6.2 —% 62.87% 1.00% 6.2 —% 81.15% 2.28% 6.2 On November 4, 2011, in connection with the Securities America acquisition, the Company granted to independent financial advisors ten- year options to purchase an aggregate of 8,020,743 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.68 per share. The options vest in four equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. The Company valued the options at $9,531 (fair value of $1.19 per option) on the date of grant using the Black-Sholes option pricing model using the following weighted-average assumptions. Dividend yield Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Expected life (in years) Year Ended December 31, 2011 —% 62.16% 2.06% 10.0 The weighted average expected life for the 2013, 2012 and 2011 grants to employees and directors reflects the alternative simplified method permitted by authoritative guidance, which defines the expected life as the average of the contractual term of the options and the weighted- average vesting period for all option tranches. The Company estimates the expected term for stock options awarded to independent financial advisors using the contractual term. Expected volatility for the option grants for 2011, prior to the acquisition of Securities America, was based on the Company’ historical volatility over the same number of years as the expected life prior to the option grant date. Expected volatility in 2011 after the Securities America acquisition and in 2012 and 2013 was based on blended volatility comprised of the historical volatility of the common stock of the Company and its peers over the same number of years as the expected life, prior to the option grant date. Compensation expense for share-based awards granted to independent financial advisors is measured at their vesting date fair value. The compensation expense recognized each period is based on the awards' estimated value at the most recent reporting date. F-30 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) As of December 31, 2013, there was $12,498 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements. This cost is expected to be recognized over the vesting periods of the options, which on a weighted-average basis is approximately 1.84 years. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 amounted to $957,$1,267 and $762, respectively. Tax benefits related to option exercise were not deemed to be realized since net operating loss carryforwards are available to offset taxable income computed without giving effect to the deductions related to option exercises and the deferred tax assets related to those net operating losses have been fully reserved. Non-cash compensation expense relating to stock options was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, amortizing the value calculated over the vesting period and applying a forfeiture percentage as estimated by the Company’s management, using historical information. The Company has elected to recognize compensation cost for option awards that have graded vesting schedules on a straight line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, non-cash compensation expense relating to stock option agreements granted to employees, consultants and advisors amounted to $6,766, $4,690 and $3,909, respectively. In September 2010, the Company granted 200,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to employees pursuant to the 2009 Plan with vesting conditioned upon the employees continued employment at September 23, 2012. During 2012 and 2011, 12,500 and 5,000 shares, respectively, were forfeited. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company has recorded an expense of $54 and $105, respectively, associated with the grants. 18. Noncontrolling Interest During the quarter ended March 31, 2013, Arbor Point Advisors, LLC (“APA”), a newly-formed registered investment advisor, began operations. Investment advisory services of APA are provided through licensed and qualified individuals who are investment advisor representatives of APA. Securities America holds an 80% interest in APA and an unaffiliated entity owns a 20% interest. As Securities America is the controlling managing member of APA, the financial statements of APA are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements and amounts attributable to the 20% unaffiliated investor are recorded as a noncontrolling interest. 19. Segment Information The Company has two operating segments. The independent brokerage and advisory services segment includes the broker-dealer and investment advisory services provided by Securities America, Triad and Investacorp to their independent contractor financial advisors and wealth management services provided by Premier Trust. The Ladenburg segment includes the investment banking, sales and trading and asset management services and investment activities conducted by Ladenburg and LTAM. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, adjusted for acquisition-related expense, amortization of retention loans and change in fair value of contingent consideration related to acquisitions, loss on extinguishment of debt, gains or losses on sales of assets and non-cash compensation expense, is the primary profit measure the Company's management uses in evaluating financial performance for its reportable segments. EBITDA, as adjusted, is considered a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by Regulation G promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company considers EBITDA, as adjusted, important in evaluating its financial performance on a consistent basis across various periods. Due to the significance of non-cash and non- recurring items, EBITDA, as adjusted, enables the Company's Board of Directors and management to monitor and evaluate the business on a consistent basis. The Company uses EBITDA, as adjusted, as a primary measure, among others, to analyze and evaluate financial and strategic planning decisions regarding future operating investments and potential acquisitions. The Company believes that EBITDA, as adjusted, eliminates items that are not indicative of its core operating performance, such as amortization of retention loans for the Securities America acquisition, or do not involve a cash outlay, such as stock-related compensation. EBITDA, as adjusted, should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, pre-tax income, net income and cash flows from operating activities. Segment information for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 is as follows: F-31 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services (5) Ladenburg Corporate Total $ $ $ 2013 Revenues Pre-tax income (loss) EBITDA, as adjusted (6) Identifiable assets Depreciation and amortization Interest Capital expenditures Non-cash compensation 2012 Revenues Pre-tax (loss) income EBITDA, as adjusted (6) Identifiable assets Depreciation and amortization Interest Capital expenditures Non-cash compensation 2011 Revenues Pre-tax income (loss) EBITDA, as adjusted (6) Identifiable assets Depreciation and amortization Interest Capital expenditures Non-cash compensation $ $ $ 723,246 (1) $ 4,850 46,971 320,239 14,475 12,527 4,898 3,667 69,603 (1) $ 11,689 13,188 (4) 33,950 791 75 1,963 646 267 (2) (14,135) (3)(4) (8,534) (4) 6,631 49 2,836 — 2,453 $ $ 598,851 (6,087 ) 30,566 318,005 15,158 19,803 5,356 1,640 230,897 1,787 12,181 322,245 4,567 3,191 1,381 1,072 $ $ 45,701 65 1,829 17,636 835 79 115 850 41,459 (3,131) (1,032) 18,437 996 89 58 1,014 5,559 (8,870) (3) (1,891) 2,488 68 4,659 6 2,254 1,244 (10,958) (3) (2,727) 6,463 69 3,263 — 1,928 793,116 2,404 51,625 360,820 15,315 15,438 6,861 6,766 650,111 (14,892) 30,504 338,129 16,061 24,541 5,477 4,744 273,600 (12,302) 8,422 347,145 5,632 6,543 1,439 4,014 (1) Includes brokerage commissions of $4,240 and $908 in the Ladenburg and Independent brokerage and advisory services segments, respectively, related to the sale of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock (eliminated in consolidation). (2) Includes the elimination of $5,148 of revenue referred to in footnote (1). (3) Includes interest on revolving credit and forgivable loan notes, compensation, professional fees and other general and administrative expenses. (4) Includes the elimination of $2,545, consisting of $5,148 of revenue, net of employee brokerage commission expenses of $2,603 charged to additional paid-in capital related to sale of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock. (5) Includes Securities America from November 4, 2011. (6) The following table reconciles EBITDA, as adjusted, to pre-tax income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011: F-32 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) EBITDA, as adjusted Independent Brokerage and Advisory Services Ladenburg Corporate Total segments Adjustments: Interest income Change in fair value of contingent consideration Loss on extinguishment of debt Interest expense Depreciation and amortization Non-cash compensation expense Amortization of retention loans Acquisition-related expense Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest Pre-tax income (loss) 20. Related Party Transactions Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2011 $ $ 46,971 $ 13,188 (8,534) 51,625 194 (121) (4,547) (15,438) (15,315) (6,766) (7,160) — (68) 2,404 $ 30,566 $ 1,829 (1,891) 30,504 185 7,111 — (24,541) (16,061) (4,744) (7,346) — — (14,892) $ 12,181 (1,032) (2,727) 8,422 70 — — (6,543) (5,632) (4,014) (1,634) (2,971) — (12,302) On August 13, 2010, Investacorp entered into a five-year office lease with Frost Real Estate Holdings, LLC (“FREH”), an entity affiliated with the Company’s chairman of the board and principal shareholder. The lease which commenced on October 1, 2010, provides for aggregate payments during the five-year term of approximately $1,574 and minimum annual payments of $315. Rent expense under such lease amounted to $320, $293 and $252 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Ladenburg’s principal executive offices are located at 4400 Biscayne Boulevard, 12th Floor, Miami, Florida 33137, where the Company has leased approximately 15,800 square feet of office space from FREH. Rent expense under such lease amounted to $572, $560 and $536 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Ladenburg’s lease was renewed in March 2013 and now expires in February 2018, and the amount of office space leased was increased to approximately 18,150 square feet. The lease provides for aggregate payments during the five-year term of approximately $2,995 and minimum annual payments of $599. The Company is a party to an agreement with Vector Group Ltd. (“Vector”), where Vector has agreed to make available to the Company the services of Vector’s Executive Vice President to serve as the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and to provide certain other financial, tax and accounting services, including assistance with complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and assistance in the preparation of tax returns. Various executive officers and directors of Vector and its subsidiary New Valley serve as members of the board of directors of the Company and Vector and its subsidiaries own approximately 8.3% of the Company’s common stock at December 31, 2013. In consideration for such services, the Company agreed to pay Vector an annual management fee plus reimbursement of expenses and to indemnify Vector. The agreement is terminable by either party upon 30 days’ prior written notice. Beginning January 1, 2012, the agreement was amended to reflect additional services to be provided as a result of the Securities America acquisition and to increase the annual fee from $600 to $750. Effective January 1, 2014, the annual fee increased to $850. The Company paid Vector $750 in 2013, $750 in 2012 and $600 in 2011 related to the agreement. The vice-chairman of the Company’s board of directors, a firm he serves as a consultant to, and affiliates of that firm received insurance commissions in 2011 aggregating approximately $105, on various insurance policies issued for the Company and its subsidiaries. See Note 12 for information regarding loan transactions involving related parties. 21. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) F-33 LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) 2013: Revenues Expenses (a)(b) Income (loss) before item shown below Change in fair value of contingent consideration Income (loss) before income taxes Net income (loss) Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest Net income (loss) attributable to the company Dividends declared on preferred stock Net income (loss) available to common shareholders Basic and diluted income (loss) per common share Basic weighted average common shares Diluted weighted average common shares $ $ $ $ $ $ 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Quarters 187,305 $ 186,682 623 23 646 $ 123 $ 13 136 $ — 136 $ 0.00 $ 183,459,124 188,458,448 193,869 $ 198,645 (4,776) (144) (4,920) $ (5,536) $ 13 (5,523) $ (1,028) (6,551) $ (0.04) 183,488,108 183,488,108 200,489 $ 197,531 2,958 — 2,958 $ 2,379 $ 23 2,402 $ (2,879) (477) $ (0.00) 181,759,305 181,759,305 211,453 207,733 3,720 — 3,720 2,512 19 2,531 (3,004) (473) (0.00) 180,513,628 180,513,628 (a)Includes a $1,413, $1,380, $1,647 and $2,326 charge for non-cash compensation in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2013, respectively. (b)Includes $1,808, $1,841, $1,690 and $1,821 of amortization of retention loans in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2013, respectively. 2012: Revenues Expenses (a)(b) Loss before item shown below Change in fair value of contingent consideration Loss before income taxes Net loss Basic and diluted loss per common share Basic and diluted weighted average common shares 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Quarters $ $ $ $ 154,715 $ 162,641 (7,926) 5,555 (2,371) $ (2,979) $ (0.02) $ 163,385 $ 168,971 (5,586) 647 (4,939) $ (4,983) $ (0.03) $ 159,834 $ 166,372 (6,538) 909 (5,629) $ (6,037) $ (0.03) $ 183,679,060 183,551,171 183,460,777 172,177 174,130 (1,953) — (1,953) (2,355) (0.01) 183,460,700 (a)Includes a $1,364, $1,227, $1,054 and $1,099 charge for non-cash compensation in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2012, respectively. (b)Includes $1,792, $1,791, $1,712 and $2,051 of amortization of retention loans in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2012, respectively. F-34 Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends (dollars in thousands, except ratios) (unaudited) EXHIBIT 12.1 Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Year Ended December 31, Income (loss) before income taxes Add: Fixed charges $ 2,404 $ 17,534 (14,892) $ 26,741 (12,302) $ 7,814 (10,090) $ 4,344 (17,604) 4,999 Income (loss) before income taxes and fixed charges $ 19,938 $ 11,849 $ (4,488) $ (5,746) $ (12,605) Fixed Charges: Total interest expense Interest factor in rents (1) $ 15,438 $ 2,096 24,541 $ 2,200 6,543 $ 1,271 3,241 $ 1,103 3,977 1,022 Total fixed charges $ 17,534 $ 26,741 $ 7,814 $ 4,344 $ 4,999 Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 1.1 * * * * * Deficiency of earnings available to cover fixed charges $ — $ (14,892) $ (12,302) $ (10,090) $ (17,604) Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends Income (loss) before income taxes Add: Fixed charges $ 2,404 $ 17,534 (14,892) $ 26,741 (12,302) $ 7,814 (10,090) $ 4,344 (17,604) 4,999 Income (loss) before income taxes and combined fixed charges $ 19,938 $ 11,849 $ (4,488) $ (5,746) $ (12,605) Fixed Charges: Total interest expense Interest factor in rents (1) Preferred stock dividends (2) Total combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends * Deficiency of earnings available to cover fixed charges and preferred stock dividends $ 15,438 $ 2,096 11,518 24,541 $ 2,200 — 6,543 $ 1,271 — 3,241 $ 1,103 — 3,977 1,022 — $ 29,052 $ 26,741 $ 7,814 $ 4,344 $ 4,999 * * * * * $ (9,114) $ (14,892) $ (12,302) $ (10,090) $ (17,604) (1) One-third of rent expense is the portion deemed representative of the interest factor. (2) The preferred stock dividend amounts represent pre-tax earnings required to cover dividends on preferred stock. Exhibit 21 SUBSIDIARIES OF REGISTRANT The following are wholly-owned subsidiaries of the registrant: NAME Securities America Financial Corporation Securities America, Inc. Securities America Advisors, Inc. Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. Ladenburg Thalmann Asset Management Inc. Investacorp, Inc. Investacorp Advisory Services Inc. Triad Advisors, Inc. Premier Trust, Inc. STATE OF ORGANIZATION Nebraska Delaware Nebraska Delaware New York Florida Florida Florida Nevada Not included above are other subsidiaries which, if considered in the aggregate as a single subsidiary, would not constitute a significant subsidiary, as such term is defined by Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X. Exhibit 23.1 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services, Inc. on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-82688, 333-101360, 333-101361, 333-124366, 333-130024, 333-139246, 333-139247, 333-139254, 333-147386, and 333- 163007) and on Form S-3 (Nos. 333-187322, 333-192712, 333-141517, 333-153373, 333-150851, 333-37934, 333-71526, 333-81964, 333-88866, 333-122240, 333-117952, 333-130026, 333-130028 and 333-139244) of our reports dated March 12, 2014, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. /s/ EisnerAmper LLP New York, New York March 12, 2014 SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14 AND 15d-14 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED EXHIBIT 31.1 I, Richard J. Lampen, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: March 12, 2014 /s/ Richard J. Lampen Richard J. Lampen President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14 AND 15d-14 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED EXHIBIT 31.2 I, Brett H. Kaufman, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: March 12, 2014 /s/ Brett H. Kaufman Brett H. Kaufman Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 EXHIBIT 32.1 In connection with the Annual Report of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Richard J. Lampen, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge: 1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: March 12, 2014 Richard J. Lampen Richard J. Lampen President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ The certification set forth above is being furnished as an exhibit solely pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., or the certifying officers. CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 EXHIBIT 32.2 In connection with the Annual Report of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Brett H. Kaufman, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge: 1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: March 12, 2014 /s/ Brett H. Kaufman Brett H. Kaufman Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) The certification set forth above is being furnished as an exhibit solely pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., or the certifying officers. 

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