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Héroux-Devtek

hrx · TSX Industrials
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Exchange TSX
Sector Industrials
Industry Aerospace & Defense
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2019 Annual Report · Héroux-Devtek
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EXCELLENCE 
IN EXECUTION

“AT HÉR OUX- DE VTE K , WE  AR E 

CO MM ITTE D TO  EXCE LLE NCE 

I N E VERY THI NG WE  DO .  FR O M 

I NI TI A L DESI GN ,  E NGI NEE R ING 

AND MANUFACTURING , TO DELIVERY 

AND AFTERMARKET SERVICE .”

MARTIN BRASSARD, PRESIDENT  & CEO

BOEING MQ- 25 
Unmanned  Aer ial  Ref uel in g Pr og r am
Select ed in A pr il  2019 to  S up p ly  th e  Co mp le te 
Landing Gear S yste m s

HÉROUX-DEVTEK  
AT A GLANCE

 } Héroux-Devtek  Inc.  (traded  on  the  Toronto 
Stock Exchange under the symbol “HRX”) is 
an  international  company  specializing  in  the 
design, development, manufacture, repair and 
overhaul  of  aircraft  landing  gear,  hydraulic 
and electromechanical flight control actuators, 
custom  ball  screws  and  fracture-critical 
components for the global aerospace market. 

 } With  headquarters 

in  Quebec,  Canada, 
Héroux-Devtek  is  the  third-largest  landing 
gear company in the world, supplying leading 
aerospace  customers  operating  in  both  the 
commercial and defence sectors.

 } Founded in 1942, Héroux-Devtek now employs 
approximately 1,960 dedicated people at its 18 
facilities located in Canada, the United States, 
the United Kingdom and in Spain.

 } Héroux-Devtek  is  recognized  for  its  forward 
thinking, engineering, world class service and 
above all, its excellence in execution. 

BOEIN G 777/ 777X

Hér o ux- Devtek 2019   [ 3 ]

Héroux-Devtek 2019   [ 5 ]

FEATURED  
SUPPLY  
CONTRACTS

supplies 

Héroux-Devtek 
the 
complete  landing  gear  systems 
and  aftermarket  parts  for  The 
Boeing  Company’s  777/777x 
commercial jet. The contract was 
awarded in 2013 and first deliveries 
occurred in 2016.

SA AB  AB G RIP EN  E

_

Héroux-Devtek supplies the com-
plete  landing  gear  systems  for 
Saab  AB’s  Gripen  E    fighter 
aircraft as part of a design, manu-
facturing and life cycle contract.

_

Héroux-Devtek supplies the landing 
gear  systems  for  the    Sikorsky 
CH-53K  King  Stallion  heavy 
lift  helicopter  as  part  of  design, 
manufacturing  and 
life  cycle 
contract

_

Héroux-Devtek  will  supply  the 
landing  gear  systems 
for 
Dassault  Aviation’s  Falcon 
6X  as  part  of  a  design,  manu-
facturing and life cycle contract.

_

SIKORSK Y C H53-K KING  S TAL LIO N 

DASS AULT AV IATION  FALC ON  6X

Hér o ux- Devtek 2019   [ 4 ]

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 FI SC AL  Y EA R S  END ED   MA R C H  3 1

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

OPERATING RESULTS

Sales

Operating income

Adjusted operating income (1)

Adjusted EBITDA (1)

Net income

Adjusted net income (1)

Cash flows related to operating activities

Free cash flow (1)

Funded backlog

FINANCIAL POSITION

Cash and cash equivalents

Working capital

Total assets

Long-term debt (2)

Shareholders’ equity

PER SHARE DATA

EPS – basic and diluted

Adjusted EPS (1)

(in millions of dollars, except per share data and ratios)

483.9

386.6

406.5

406.8

364.9

37.2

41.6

74.2

26.2

30.4

70.0

58.1

23.4

30.3

56.9

13.7

24.2

56.1

50.8

35.6

35.9

61.4

31.8

26.4

56.1

33.0

624.0

466.0

405.0

37.8

39.3

64.1

26.6

27.7

6.8

6.6

29.4

47.8

3.2

19.4

46.2

(66.3)

460.0

(15.0)

459.0

35.1

177.6

874.7

263.3

402.0

93.2

201.9

632.2

132.0

379.0

42.5

165.1

607.3

134.8

355.9

19.3

150.5

609.4

147.2

331.1

35.1

109.7

575.5

114.2

293.5

0.73

0.84

0.38

0.67

0.88

0.73

0.74

0.77

0.09

0.55

Average number of shares outstanding (diluted, in 000’s)

36,437

36,332

36,284

36,119

35,016

FINANCIAL RATIOS

Adjusted EBITDA (1) margin

Working capital ratio

Net debt-to-equity (2) (3)

15.3%

14.7%

15.1%

15.7%

13.1%

1.95

0.56

2.86

0.10

2.58

0.26

2.34

0.39

1.75

0.27

[1] These are non-IFRS measures. Please refer to the “Non-IFRS financial measures” section of the MD&A under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to 

the most comparable IFRS measures.

[2] Including the current portion, but excluding net deferred financing costs.
[3] Defined as the total long-term debt, including the current portion, but excluding net deferred financing costs, less cash and cash equivalents over shareholders’ equity.

 
Hér o ux- Devtek 2019   [ 5 ]

Hé roux - Devtek 2019    [ 7  ]
Hé roux - Devtek 2019    [ 7  ]

INVESTMENT HIGHLIGHTS

B U I LD I NG   LO NG -TE RM VALUE   FOR  SHARE H O L DE RS

HÉ RO UX- DEVTEK H AS DE LIVERED A COMP OUND A NNUA L GROWTH RATE OF 11% 
FOR OPE RATIN G I NCOME  AN D   14% FOR ADJUSTED EBITDA (1) OVER THE LAST 6 YEARS

GROWING A DJU STE D PRO FITABILIT Y 

 Adjusted EBTIDA(1) $M

 Adjusted EBTIDA(1) %

GROWING OPERATING
PROFITABILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY ($M)

 Non Recurring items

 Total Operating Income  Sales per Employee (‘000s)

)
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0
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0

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(

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e
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m
e

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e
p
s
e
a
S

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FY14

FY15

FY16

FY17

FY18

FY19

FY14

FY15

FY16

FY17

FY18

FY19

MAIN TAIN IN G STRO NG C ASH FLOW  AND CO NSIS TENTLY  R E IMB URS IN G DEB T
(In millions of dollars)

225

175

125

75

25

(25)

(75)

FY14

FY15

FY16

FY17

FY18

FY19

Cash Flow Related to Operating Activities

Free Cash Flow(1)

Net Debt(2)

[1]  These are non-IFRS measures. Please refer to the “Non-IFRS financial measures” section of the MD&A under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to 

the most comparable IFRS measures. 

[2]   Including the current portion, but excluding net deferred financing costs.

 
 
 
 
 
EMBRAER  LEGACY  450/50 0 
H é r o ux-D ev tek d esigne d,  d eve lo p e d  a n d  s up p l ie s  t he 
l a n d i n g g ea r s ystem s  f o r Em brae r’s L e g ac y  4 5 0/5 0 0 
b u s i n ess  jets  as  par t  of  a li fe -c yc le  c o nt ra ct   ob ta in ed 
i n   J u ly   20 08

FINANCIAL

DELIVERING VALUE  
TO SHAREHOLDERS 

•  Nurture acquisitions

•  Grow revenues

•  Extract operational 

leverage

•  Deleverage

STRATEGIC  
PILLARS

OP ER ATIO NAL

E MPL OYE ES

FOCUSED ON  
EXCELLENCE

FOSTER OUR 
ENTREPRENEURIAL  
CULTURE

•  Maintain the best  

operational track record

•  Respect

•  Deliver excellence 

•  Responsibility

•  Implement best-in-

class processes and 
technology

•  Leverage position as  

global supplier

•  Recognition

•  Resilience

CU STOMERS

EXCEED  
EXPECTATIONS

•  Reliability

•  Quality

•  Commitment 

•  Agility

Hér o ux- Devtek 2019   [ 7 ]
Hé ro ux- Dev tek  20 19     [  9  ]

STRONG GOVERNANCE AND INDUSTRY FOCUSED BOARD

GILLES LABBÉ
Executive Chairman of the Board 
Non-Independent Board Member Since 1985 

MARTIN BRASSARD
President and Chief Executive Officer
Non-Independent Board Member Since 2019

PAULE DORÉ
Corporate Director 
Independent Board Member Since 2010
Chair of the Human Resources and Corporate 
Governance Committee 

JAMES J. MORRIS
Corporate Director and Consultant
Independent Director Since 2013
Member of the Human Resources and Corporate 
Governance Committee

BRIAN A. ROBBINS
Executive Chairman, Exco Technologies 
Limited Lead Director
Independent Board Member Since 2000
Member of the Human Resources and Corporate 
Governance Committee

NATHALIE BOURQUE
Corporate Director 
Independent Board Member Since 2015
Member of the Audit Committee 

LOUIS MORIN
President, Busrel Inc.
Independent Director Since 2008
Chair of the audit committee

ANDREW JOHN STEVENS
Corporate Director 
Independent Director Since 2014
Member of the Audit Committee 

BEVERLY WYSE
Corporate Director
Independent Director Since 2019
Member of the audit committee

Hér o ux- Devtek 2019   [ 8 ]

EXECUTIVE  
CHAIRMAN’S 
MESSAGE

DEAR SHAREHOLDERS,

It is with immense pride that I took on the role of Executive Chairman on 
June 1, 2019. After more than 30 years at the helm of Héroux-Devtek, I 
am now ready to dedicate more time to our strategic direction and leave 
our operations in the highly capable hands of Martin Brassard.

Today, Héroux-Devtek is the world’s third-largest manufacturer of landing 
gears  and  a  growing  provider  of  complementary  actuation  systems, 
dedicated to serving the world’s largest aerospace companies.  It is our 
team’s focus on excellence, uncompromising quality and entrepreneurial 
culture that has brought us to where we are today. 

Strong Financial and Operational Performance in Fiscal 2019

Over the past year, we laid the foundations of our next phase of growth. 
We completed four strategic acquisitions that broaden our geographical 
reach and customer portfolio and bring new capabilities in the growing 
actuation and hydraulic market. 

We achieved strong financial results on all fronts from the contribution 
of  the  acquisitions  of  Beaver  and  CESA  in  Fiscal  2019  and  from  the 
ramp-up of our systems deliveries for Boeing’s 777/777X program, from 
higher sales in the business jet market and of spare parts.  

We ended the year with $483.9 million in revenues, up more than 25% 
from  last  year  and  exceeding  our  revenue  guidance.  Operating  income 
and adjusted EBITDA(1) margins stood respectively at 7.7% of sales and 
15.3% of sales, up from 6.0% of sales and 14.7% of sales last year. 

Strong Fundamentals and Diversification

Our  industry  continues  to  benefit  from  strong  tailwinds.  Passenger 
travel demand remains strong and global defence spending is reaching 
record levels. Deliveries and orders for new aircrafts are reaching all-time 
highs,  driving  sustained  growth  and  multi-year  manufacturing  ramp-ups 
in  the  industry.  As  a  key  systems  manufacturer  for  most  of  the  world’s 
leading aircraft OEMs, we are well positioned to benefit from these solid 
fundamentals. We have an enviable and diversified portfolio of customers 
within both the commercial and defence industries, a healthy combination 

G O V E R N A N C E

Héroux-Devtek  has  always  believed  in 

strong  governance.  Our  Board  is  mainly 

composed  of  independent  directors  and 

veterans of the global aerospace industry. 

Héroux-Devtek’s  success  is  based  on 

consistent  and  actionable 

interactions 

between  our  Board  of  directors  and  our 

management  team.  In  this  spirit,  in  fiscal 

2019  we  welcomed  Beverly  Wyse  to  our 

Board,  a  long-time  Boeing  executive  with 

an  impeccable  track  record  and  deep 

industry  relations.  She  is  also  the  third 

woman director to join Héroux-Devtek. I am 

especially proud of our directors’ combined 

expertise,  diversified  backgrounds  and 

complementary  mindsets.  As  Executive 

Chairman  of  the  Board,  I  look  forward  to 

further  contributing  to  our  success  and 

assisting  Martin  Brassard  in  his  new  role 

as  President  and  CEO.  I  also  wish  to 

thank Brian A. Robbins for his exceptional 

contribution  as  Chairman  of  the  Board,  a 

position  he  recently  left  to  become  lead 

director,  as  well  as  Andrew  Stevens,  who 

will be retiring from the Board of Directors.

[1] These are non-IFRS measures. Please refer to the “Non-IFRS financial measures” section of the MD&A under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to
   the most comparable IFRS measures.

Hér o ux- Devtek 2019   [ 9 ]

Hé rou x- Dev tek 2019    [  11  ]

of build-to-print business and proprietary designs and increasing revenue 
from spare parts and aftermarket services. 

As always, we remain dedicated to value creation for all our stakeholders. 
We strive to create a passionate work environment for all our employees 
and are unwaveringly committed to offering excellence in our products, 
irreproachable execution and world-class service for our customers. 

Sincerely,

GIL LES LABBÉ  
EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD

AIRBUS A400M
Héroux-Dev tek (vi a C ESA )  supp lies sy st em s  and  com ponents for 
Airbus’s A400M military transportation aircraft .

DIV ERSIFIED  AND BA LA NCED REVENUE MIX

DEFENCE  /  C OMMERCI AL

PRO PRIETA RY  /   B UILD-TO-P RINT

50/50

   Defence

   Commercial 

43%

57%

   Build-to-Print 

   Proprietary and Life of     
Program Contracts 

OE M   /   A FTERMAR KET

 64%

 36%

   OEM

   Aftermarket 

Large Jets

Business Jets

Regional Jets

Helicopters

Other

Transport

Fighters

Helicopters

 
Hér o ux- Devte k 2019   [ 10 ]

PRESIDENT &   
CEO’S MESSAGE

DE AR STAKEH OLDE RS,

I would like to thank Gilles and our Board members for their confidence and 
support during my 25 years at Héroux-Devtek. Over time, I have had different 
roles, responsibilities and experiences that prepared me well to take on the 
role of President and CEO. We have built a strong company with an enviable 
reputation in a very competitive aerospace market, an accomplishment of 
which I am proud. With a well-diversified, record firm order backlog and the 
competent team of executives I am fortunate to count on, the Company is 
well positioned for long-term success. 

I  am  also  proud  of  the  excellent  work  executed  by  both  our  operational 
and corporate teams last year. Their dedication and hard work allowed us 
to  complete  four  acquisitions  while  continuing  to  deliver  on  our  existing 
business with the high level of execution our customers have come to expect. 

Four Acquisitions to Accelerate Growth

The  companies  we  have  acquired  are  all  well-respected  suppliers  to  the 
global aerospace industry. They are providing us with additional exposure 
to both the defence and commercial markets and have grown our customer 
and supplier base internationally.

In October 2018, we completed the acquisition of Compañia Española de 
Sistemas Aeronáuticos S.A. (“CESA”), a subsidiary of Airbus SE, which added 
to our customer relationships and marked our entry into the complementary 
actuation systems market. CESA’s strong technical and engineering expertise 
as well as their proven commitment to delivering quality products on time to 
customers are pillars that we are excited to build on. We are working closely 
with the team in Spain to grow that business segment by introducing their 
capabilities  to  our  existing  North  American  customers’  base.  We  are  very 
proud to see this newly acquired organization embrace the Héroux-Devtek 
entrepreneurial  culture  and  many  best  practices  are  being  exchanged 
between our teams in a very collaborative and transparent manner. 

In July 2018, we completed the acquisition of Beaver Aerospace & Defense 
Inc. (“Beaver”), a leading supplier of ball screws and actuation systems. Since 
joining  Héroux-Devtek,  Beaver  has  performed  very  well  operationally  and 
financially, as evidenced by their firm order backlog increasing significantly. 
We have plans to invest in new technology that will add to their competitive 
edge. We also see Beaver as a key partner partner for CESA in developing 
electromechanical actuators, a product line that will see increasing demand 
as  new  aircraft  programs  will  feature  more  electrical  components  and 
systems than those flying today.

In January 2019, we completed the acquisition of a majority equity stake 
in Tekalia Aeronautik (2010) Inc. (“Tekalia”). This plating operation has very 
unique  capabilities  in  the  North  American  surface  treatment  supply  chain 
that are necessary to produce landing gear components. It is a one-stop-
shop that has all necessary customer approvals which gives us flexibility in 

KEEPING AHEAD OF THE CURVE

While the aerospace sector continues to be 

a growing and resilient industry, we remain 

focused  on  implementing  new  technology 

and  hiring  the  best  talent  to  maintain  our 

leading  position  in  the  market.  We  are 

continuously  looking  for  ways  to  further 

automate  our  manufacturing  processes 

in  order  to  improve  our  efficiency.  We  do 

this,  among  other  ways,  by  promoting, 

sharing  and  implementing  best  practices 

throughout  all  of  our  facilities.  Looking 

ahead,  the  digitalization  of  our  business 

processes  and  data  analytics  will  push 

our  technology  further,  allowing  us  to 

manufacture 

first-class  products  at  a 

lower cost.

Hér o ux- Devte k 2019   [ 11 ]

Héroux- Devte k 2 019    [  1 3 ]

our production systems, allows our suppliers to count on a reliable plating 
facility and will generate additional revenue for the corporation.

And finally, in June 2019, we completed the acquisition of Alta Precision Inc., 
a Québec-based manufacturer of high-precision landing gear components. 
This  acquisition  adds  two  new  growing  programs  in  the  commercial  jet 
market to our portfolio: the Embraer E-jet E2 family and Airbus A-220. It also 
expands our scope of work on Boeing’s 787 and Airbus’ A-350 programs.

with this important customer to set up the required capabilities and capacity 
to execute properly on this major program. We believe this approach sets the 
foundations for mutual trust and a long-lasting beneficial relationship with our 
customers and supply chain. 

13% CAG R
G ROWIN G REV ENUE

$635

$570

$484

These  acquisitions  bring  strong  growth  opportunities  in  terms  of  products 
and customers and expand our global operations with an incredible group of 
highly motivated and talented employees. 

$272

$407

$407

$387

$365

Positioned for Long-Term Success

We are entering Fiscal 2020 with a record firm order backlog that is set to 
grow further with the entry into service of several programs for which we 
supply landing gear systems.

Leading the organic growth, the Boeing 777 production rate is expected to 
increase in the coming years as the 777X is scheduled to enter in service in 
2020. Currently, Boeing has a backlog of 436 airplanes for the 777 program, 
including  344  orders  for  the  777X.  We  have  all  capabilities  necessary  to 
properly  execute  this  new  program  as  we  have  already  manufactured  all 
landing gears sets necessary for the flight test vehicles in Fiscal 2019.

Four  other  programs  for  which  we  designed  the  complete  landing  gear 
system are scheduled to enter into service in the coming years. The design 
and  manufacture  of  these  systems,  namely  the  Sikorsky  CH-53K  King 
Stallion,  Saab  Gripen  E,  Dassault  Falcon  6X  and  Boeing  MQ-25  Stingray 
provides a clear path to sustained growth and profitability while expanding 
our portfolio of proprietary products.

Transparency and Collaborative Approach 

We  believe  that  our  solid  relationships  with  the  world’s  largest  aerospace 
companies are a testament to our collaborative approach, transparency and 
dedication to excellence in everything we do. We are proud to have been 
selected  once  more  by  Boeing  to  provide  the  main  landing  gear  system 
for the F/A-18 E/F program, an agreement that was recently expanded to 
include the Advanced F-15 program. We are currently working hand-in-hand 

FY14

FY15

FY16

FY17

FY18

FY19

FY20

FY22

GUIDANCE (Middle Range)

Reiterating Long-Term Guidance

Our  recent  performance  and  strong  industry  fundamentals  in  both  the 
commercial  and  defence  sectors  are  allowing  us  to  reiterate  our  longer-
term growth prospects. We are confident in our ability to reach our revenue 
guidance of $620 million to $650 million in fiscal 2022. We are starting fiscal 
2020  in  a  strong  position,  with  a  funded  backlog  of  firm  orders  that  now 
stands at a record $624 million, up from $466 million as at March 31, 2018. 

Our solid financial results and the positive outlook created by our expanded 
business are the result of the hard work and dedication of a strong team 
of employees and suppliers combined with the collaboration of our clients. 
I would like to thank them all for contributing to Héroux-Devtek’s success.

With  our  larger  manufacturing  footprint,  new  customers  and  additional 
product  offerings,  we  have  everything  in  hand  to  meet  our  growth  and 
profitability  objectives.  We  are  motivated  to  continue  creating  shareholder 
value, and I want to thank our investors for their continued trust.

MART IN  BR ASSA RD
PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

BO EING F/A-18 E /F  SUPE R  HO R NE T 
Hér oux-Devtek wa s se l e c te d  i n   2018 a n d   2019  t o   su p p ly  the main landing gear  systems for B oeing’s F/A-18 E/F 
Super Hornet and EA -18G  Gr owl e r   a n d   f o r  Bo e i n g ’ s  A d v anced F-15 program.

13

3
4 5

2

1

8

67

9

10

11

12

GLOBAL
CENTERS OF 
EXCELLENCE

Héroux-Devtek facilities

Héroux-Devtek’s recently acquired facilities

1.   St-Hubert, Québec, Canada
Design, engineering and product 
support. Technical expertise and 
state-of-the-art testing facility

2.   Longueuil, Québec, Canada 
R&O, finishing and assembly 

3.   Laval, Québec, Canada 

Manufacturing and assembly of 
actuators. Manufacturing of small to 
medium landing gear components

4.  Alta Précision, Montreal, 
  Québec, Canada

Manufacturer of high precision 
landing gear components 

5.  Tekalia Aeronautik, Montreal, 

Québec, Canada
Surface treatment services

6.   Kitchener, Ontario, Canada 

Manufacturing of medium to large 
complex landing gear components

7.   Cambridge, Ontario, Canada 
Manufacturing of ultra large-scale 
complex landing gear components

8.  Magtron Precision, Toronto, 

Ontario
Precision components and assembly

 
 
 
 
 
Hé rou x- Dev tek 2019    [  15  ]

14

15

16

17

18

9.  Beaver Aerospace and Defense, 

12.  Wichita, Kansas, U.S. 

16.  Bolton, Westhoughton, U.K.

Livonia, Michigan, U.S.
Design and manufacturing of ball 
screws and actuation systems

10.  Springfield, Ohio, U.S. 

Manufacturing of medium to large 
complex landing gear and titanium 
components

11.  Strongsville, 

(Greater Cleveland) Ohio, U.S. 
Finishing and assembly of landing gear

R&O activities and manufacturing of 
hydraulic systems and components

Design, manufacturing, assembly and 
testing of fluid filtration applications

13.  Everett, Washington, U.S.  

Final assembly of Boeing 777/777X 
landing gear systems

14. Runcorn, Cheshire, U.K.  

R&O activities, finishing and assembly 
of landing gear, product support, testing 
and design engineering

15.  Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, U.K. 
Manufacturing of small to medium 
landing gear components

17.  Compañia Española de 

Siestemas Aeronauticos, S.A.  
Getafe, Spain 
Design, engineering, assembly and 
support for landing gear and 
actuation systems

18.  Compañia Española de Siestemas 
Aeronáuticos, S.A. Seville, Spain
Assembly and installation of aircraft 
components at customer assembly lines

 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT TEAM

Hér o ux- Devte k 2019   [ 14 ]

n

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
STÉPHANE RAINVILLE, Vice-President, 
Human Resources • PATRICK GAGNON, 
Director, Internal Audit and Corporate 
Governance • STÉPHANE ARSENAULT, 
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer  
MARTIN BRASSARD, President and 
Chief Executive Officer • JEAN GRAVEL, 
Vice-President, Sales & Programs  
ANNIE GOUDREAULT, Vice-President 
Corporate Controller • GILLES LABBÉ, 
Executive Chairman of the Board  
OLIVIER PERRON, Tax Director 
JEAN-PHILIPPE SANCHE, Director, 
Legal Affairs • MICHEL PAQUIN, 
Corporate Director of Human Resources


DOMINIQUE DALLAIRE,  
Eastern Region Vice-President 
MIKE MESHAY, General Manager - Beaver 
GAÉTAN ROY, Managing Director UK  
JACK CURLEY, Central Region Vice-President 
DANIEL NORMANDIN, Vice-President 
Engineering, QA & Environment 
MARC-OLIVIER GAGNON,  
Vice-President Product Support

 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S 
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
F O R   T H E   F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   M A R C H   3 1 ,   2 0 1 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................................................................

Forward-looking Statements ....................................................................................................................................................................

Highlights of the Year ...............................................................................................................................................................................

Overview of the Business ........................................................................................................................................................................

Business Acquisition ................................................................................................................................................................................

Economic Outlook ....................................................................................................................................................................................

Guidance .................................................................................................................................................................................................

Foreign Exchange ....................................................................................................................................................................................

OPERATING RESULTS .............................................................................................................................................................................

Non-IFRS Financial Measures .................................................................................................................................................................

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES .................................................................................................................................................

Credit Facility and Cash and Cash Equivalents .......................................................................................................................................

Government Authorities Loans .................................................................................................................................................................

Variations in Cash and Cash Equivalents ................................................................................................................................................

Free Cash Flow .......................................................................................................................................................................................

Liquidity Requirements ............................................................................................................................................................................

FINANCIAL POSITION ..............................................................................................................................................................................

Capital Structure ......................................................................................................................................................................................

Issued Capital

..........................................................................................................................................................................................

Consolidated Balance Sheets ..................................................................................................................................................................

Pension Plans ..........................................................................................................................................................................................

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ...................................................................................................................................................................

Key Performance Indicators .....................................................................................................................................................................

Risk Management ....................................................................................................................................................................................

Derivative Financial Instruments ..............................................................................................................................................................

Critical Accounting Estimates ...................................................................................................................................................................

Internal Controls and Procedures ............................................................................................................................................................

New Accounting Standards ......................................................................................................................................................................

Future Changes in Accounting Policies ....................................................................................................................................................

Selected Financial Information .................................................................................................................................................................

Additional Information and Continuous Disclosure ...................................................................................................................................

17

17

18

19

20

22

24

25

26

30

31

31

32

33

35

36

36

36

37

38

38

39

39

40

45

45

47

48

49

50

51

16  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

OVERVIEW

The purpose of this management discussion and analysis (‘’MD&A’’) is to provide the reader with an overview of how the financial position of 
Héroux-Devtek Inc. and its subsidiaries (‘’Héroux-Devtek’’, the ‘’Corporation’’ or “Management”) evolved between March 31, 2018 and March 31, 
2019. It also compares the operating results and cash flows for the quarter and fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 to those of the same periods 
of the prior fiscal year.

This MD&A is based on the audited consolidated financial statements for fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, which are prepared in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), and should be read in conjunction with them. All amounts in this MD&A are in thousands 
of Canadian dollars, the Corporation’s functional and presentation currency for all periods referred to herein, unless otherwise indicated. Financial 
data for the quarters ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 has not been audited.

IFRS and non-IFRS financial measures

This  MD&A  contains  both  IFRS  and  non-IFRS  financial  measures.  Non-IFRS  financial  measures  are  defined  and  reconciled  to  the  most 
comparable IFRS measures in the Non-IFRS Financial Measures section under Operating Results.

Materiality for disclosures

Management determines whether information is material based on whether they believe a reasonable investor’s decision to buy, sell or hold 
securities of the Corporation would likely be influenced or changed should the information be omitted or misstated, and discloses material 
information accordingly.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This MD&A contains forward-looking statements which are mainly about, but may not be limited to, Héroux-Devtek’s future financial performance, 
expectations, objectives or possible events. These statements are mainly, but may not be exclusively, contained in the Guidance and Economic 
Outlook sections and are usually identifiable by the use of such terms as: “aim”, “anticipate, “assumption”, “believe”, “continue”, “expect”, “foresee”, 
“forecast”, “guidance”, “intend”, “may”, “plan”, “predict”, “should” or “will”. The predictive nature of such statements makes them subject to risks, 
uncertainties and other important factors that could cause the actual performance or events to differ materially from those expressed in or implied 
by such statements.

Such factors include, but are not limited to: the impact of worldwide general economic conditions; industry conditions including changes in laws 
and regulations; increased competition; the lack of availability of qualified personnel or management; availability of commodities and fluctuations 
in commodity prices; financial and operational performance of suppliers and customers; foreign exchange or interest rate fluctuations; and the 
impact of accounting policies issued by international standard setters. For more details, please see the Risk Management section of this MD&A. 
Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list of factors that may affect future growth, results and performance is not exhaustive and undue 
reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements.

Héroux-Devtek provides such forward-looking statements for the purpose of assisting the reader in understanding the Corporation’s financial 
performance  and  prospects  and  to  present  management’s  assessment  of  future  plans  and  operations. The  reader  is  cautioned  that  such 
statements may not be appropriate for other purposes.

Although management believes in the expectations conveyed by the forward-looking statements and while they are based on information available 
on the date such statements were made, there can be no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct and readers are advised 
that actual results may differ from expected results. All subsequent forward-looking statements, whether written or orally attributable to the 
Corporation or persons acting on its behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Unless otherwise required 
by applicable securities laws, the Corporation expressly disclaims any intention, and assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward-
looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  17

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE YEAR

Fiscal year
Sales
Operating income
Adjusted operating income (1)
Adjusted EBITDA (1)
Net income
Adjusted net income (1)
Cash flows related to operating activities
Free cash flow (1)
In dollars per share

EPS - basic and diluted
Adjusted EPS (1)

In millions of dollars, as at

Funded backlog (2)

$

$

2019
483,877
37,240
41,563
74,213
26,194
30,352
69,969
58,121

2018
386,564
23,378
30,325
56,904
13,674
24,213
56,122
50,811

$

$

0.73
0.84
March 31,
2019
624

$

$

0.38
0.67
March 31,
2018
466

(1) Non-IFRS financial measure. Refer to the Non-IFRS financial measures section under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to the most 
comparable IFRS measures.
(2) Represents firm orders.

Key Events

  On October 1, 2018, the Corporation completed the acquisition of Compañia Española de Sistemas Aeronáuticos, S.A. (“CESA”), a subsidiary 
of Airbus SE (PA: AIR) and on July 2, 2018, the Corporation completed the acquisition of Beaver Aerospace & Defense Inc. and its wholly-
owned subsidiary PowerTHRU Inc. (“Beaver”). See Business Acquisitions for further details.
The Corporation achieved sales of $483.9 million, operating income of $37.2 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $74.2 million in fiscal 2019 
compared to $386.6 million, $23.4 million and $56.9 million in fiscal 2018. See Operating Results for further details.

  Héroux-Devtek generated cash flows related to operating activities of $70.0 million and record free cash flow of $58.1 million during fiscal 

2019, compared to $56.1 million and $50.8 million in fiscal 2018.
Backlog increased to $624.0 million, compared to $466.0 million as at March 31, 2018 due to contributions by CESA and Beaver totaling 
$113.8 million and an organic increase of $44.2 million. 
In January 2019, the Corporation received the final customer certification required to perform all surface treatment planned to produce the 
Boeing 777 and 777X major landing gear components at its Strongsville, Ohio facility.

  On July 17, 2018, Héroux-Devtek announced that it had been selected by The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) to manufacture the main landing 
gear and side braces for the F/A 18 Super Hornet and EA-18G Growler aircraft. First deliveries are expected in the third quarter of calendar 
2020. The contract also includes potential spare parts and aftermarket services.
In April 2019, subsequent to the end of the fiscal year, the Corporation announced that it had been selected by Boeing to supply the complete 
landing gear system for the MQ-25 unmanned aerial refueling program.

18  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

 
 
 
 
 
 
OVERVIEW OF THE BUSINESS

Profile
Héroux-Devtek Inc. (TSX: HRX) is an international company specializing in the design, development, manufacture and repair and overhaul 
(R&O)  of  landing  gear,  hydraulic  and  electromechanical  flight  control  actuators,  custom  ball  screws  and  fracture-critical  components. The 
Corporation has also built a strong, well-recognized design engineering team. Héroux-Devtek is the third largest landing gear company in the 
world based on sales, supplying both the commercial and defence sectors.

In the commercial sector, the Corporation is active in the large commercial and business jet, regional aircraft and helicopter markets. On the 
defence side, the Corporation provides parts and services for major military aircraft in the United States and Europe. As a result, a significant 
portion of the Corporation’s sales are made to a limited number of customers located in Canada, the United States and Europe.

The Corporation's head office is located in Longueuil, Québec while operating facilities are located in the Greater Montreal area (Longueuil, 
Laval,  St-Hubert  and  Montreal);  Kitchener,  Cambridge  and  Toronto,  Ontario;  Springfield  and  Cleveland,  Ohio;  Wichita,  Kansas;  Everett, 
Washington; Livonia, Michigan; Seville and Madrid, Spain; as well as Bolton, Runcorn and Nottingham in the United Kingdom.

Héroux-Devtek sells to Original Equipment Manufacturers (“OEMs”) such as Boeing, Airbus, Lockheed Martin, Leonardo, Embraer and BAE 
Systems; to Tier 1 suppliers such as Safran Landing Systems and AAR; and to end users in the aftermarket where its largest customer is the 
U.S. Air Force (“USAF”). In fiscal 2019, sales to these nine customers represented approximately 63% of total consolidated sales. More specifically, 
the Corporation has one customer representing 22% of its consolidated sales. 

The following charts describe Héroux-Devtek’s revenue segmentation in terms of intellectual property and destination:

* BTP: Build to Print
** Based on fiscal 2019 actual annualized sales for Beaver, CESA and Tekalia

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  19

BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS

Acquisition of CESA

On October 1, 2018, the Corporation completed the acquisition of all the shares of CESA, a subsidiary of Airbus SE, for €130.4 million ($195.8 
million). Headquartered in Madrid, Spain, CESA is a leading European provider of fluid mechanical and electromechanical systems for the 
aerospace industry. This acquisition allows the Corporation to broaden its existing aerospace and product offering into actuation, landing gear, 
and hydraulic systems. The transaction was treated as a business combination.

The acquisition of CESA was financed as follows:

A $50.0 million, seven-year unsecured subordinated term loan provided by the Fonds de solidarité FTQ;
A US$50.0 million ($65.2 million) drawing on the Corporation’s credit facility, whose limit was increased from $200.0 million to $250.0 
million; and,
The Corporation’s available cash balance.

In addition, the Corporation assumed CESA’s net outstanding debt amounting to approximately €23.7 million ($35.6 million) upon closing.

For the period between October 1, 2018 and March 31, 2019, the Corporation's consolidated sales and net income included €42.1 million ($63.5 
million) and €2.7 million ($4.0 million), generated by CESA, respectively. Management is satisfied with the first six-month of performance by the 
newly-acquired company as they delivered high throughput combined with a favourable product mix when compared to the previous six months. 
If the acquisition had closed on April 1, 2018, the consolidated sales and net income of CESA would have amounted to $117.3 million and $2.8 
million, respectively, for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.

Acquisition of Beaver

On July 2, 2018, the Corporation completed the acquisition of all the shares of Beaver Aerospace & Defense Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary 
PowerTHRU Inc. («Beaver») for a purchase price of US$21.6 million ($28.5 million). This price includes a working capital adjustment received 
in April 2019 of US$0.3 million ($0.4 million) and a US$3.5 million ($4.6 million) balance of sale payable over the next two years which bears 
interest at 3%. The transaction was financed through the Corporation’s cash and was treated as a business combination. This acquisition allows 
the Corporation to broaden its existing aerospace and product offering into ball screws and actuation systems as well as expand its footprint in 
North America.

For the period between July 2, 2018 and March 31, 2019, the Corporation's consolidated sales and net income included US$18.9 million ($24.8 
million) and US $1.4 million ($1.8 million), generated by Beaver, respectively. If the acquisition had closed on April 1, 2018, the consolidated 
sales and net income of Beaver would have amounted to $33.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively, for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.

Acquisition of Tekalia

On January 23, 2019, the Corporation completed the acquisition of 60% of the shares of Tekalia Aeronautik (2010) Inc. (“Tekalia”), a supplier of 
surface treatment services to the aerospace sector with annual sales of approximately $12.0 million, for a purchase price of $6.5 million. The 
transaction was financed through the Corporation’s cash and was treated as a business combination. The acquisition of Tekalia allows the 
Corporation to further secure surface treatment capacity to support its North American customers’ growth. 

Purchase Prices

The purchase prices and the purchase price allocations that reflect the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with any excess 
allocated to goodwill were determined using the acquisition method as follows:

Cash payment
Long-term debt assumed
Working capital adjustment receivable
Balance of purchase price payable
Total purchase price for the Corporation’s interest
Non-controlling interests

CESA
$ 170,930 $
35,594
(10,708)
—

$ 195,816 $

—

$ 195,816 $

Beaver
23,671 $
574
(388)
4,609
28,466 $
—
28,466 $

Tekalia

Total
3,548 $ 198,149
39,149
2,981
(11,096)
—
4,609
—
6,529 $ 230,811
2,365
2,365
8,894 $ 233,176

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  20

 
 
 
 
 
Purchase Price Allocations

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Income tax receivable
Other current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Finite-life intangible assets
Deferred income tax assets
Other long-term assets - Tax credits receivable
Total identifiable assets

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Provisions
Customer advances and progress billings

Provisions
Deferred income tax liabilities
Other liabilities - long-term accounts payable
Total identifiable liabilities

Net identifiable assets and liabilities
Goodwill
Total purchase price

Beaver

Tekalia

$

CESA
28,293 $
36,692
505
596
66,086

44,923
40,407
—
7,843

$ 159,259 $

16,773
11,897
4,188
32,858

6,787 $
10,165
—
50
17,002

3,635
4,050
2,774
—
27,461 $

2,588
2,118
450
5,156

2,406 $
1,105
—
182
3,693

Total
37,486
47,962
505
828
86,781

8,566
176
—
—

57,124
44,633
2,774
7,843
12,435 $ 199,155

4,833
—
—
4,833

24,194
14,015
4,638
42,847

12,857
3,465
4,365
63,534

4,308
3,465
4,365
44,996 $

8,549
—
—
13,705 $

$

—
—
—
4,833 $

114,263
81,553
$ 195,816 $

13,756
14,710
28,466 $

135,621
7,602
1,292
97,555
8,894 $ 233,176

The purchase price allocations of CESA and Tekalia are preliminary. The purchase price of CESA is subject to final working capital adjustments. 
In the case of Tekalia, due to the limited time between the date of acquisition and the date of the financial statements, management is in the 
process of gathering all the information necessary to finalize it. Accordingly, the final purchase price allocations could result in changes to the 
fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  21

ECONOMIC OUTLOOK(1)

Commercial Aerospace Growth Forecasts Remain Positive in Light of Recent Signs of a Slowdown in Global Expansion 

The commercial market represents approximately/over 75% of the total value of aircraft production in Calendar 2018.(5)

Passenger traffic volumes and air cargo volumes, measured in revenue passenger kilometers (RPK) and freight ton kilometers (FTK) respectively 
are two important metrics used to measure commercial air traffic volumes.

International Air Transport Association’s (“IATA”) most recent forecast for 2019 calls for passenger volumes to remain broadly in line with the 
average annual growth rate of 5.6% recorded in the previous 20-year period. Passenger traffic volumes, expressed in revenue passenger 
kilometres (“RPK”), eased to a year-over-year growth of 5.3% in February 2019. In April 2019, the International Monetary Fund (“IMF”) issued 
a downward revision to its global GDP growth forecast to 3.3% in calendar 2019, with a return to 3.6% in 2020. This fourth revision in twelve 
months results from a slowing trend in business confidence (as indicated by the global composite Purchasing Manager’s Index). Following the 
IMF’s GDP forecast revision, the IATA reported that if the pace of growth of the global economy continued to slow down in 2019, RPK growth 
in 2019 would be closer to 5.0%, down from its previous forecast of 6.0%. In spite of these short-term revisions, the long-term outlook for the 
airline industry remains positive.

Air cargo volume, measured in freight ton kilometres (“FTK”), were marginally higher by 0.1% year-over-year in March 2019, resulting from 
softness in global trade and recent economic indicators. According to the IATA, leading indicators suggest that FTK growth should remain 
subdued in the coming months. IATA’s last update to its FTK long-term growth forecast was published in March 2019 and forecasts an annual 
growth of 2.7% for 2019 and of 4.4% per year over the next five years. This positive outlook is supported in part by fast-growing areas such as 
e-commerce.(3)

“Air traffic has proven to be resilient to external shocks and doubles every 15 years(2)”, Airbus 2018-2037 Global Market Forecast.

22  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

Customers’ Commercial and Defence Order Backlogs Remain Strong 

Meanwhile, in the large commercial aircraft sector, Boeing reported record revenue and profitability results in 2018 mainly driven by commercial 
and defence airplane deliveries. Boeing’s commercial airplanes order backlog reached 5,900 airplanes. Over the next 20 years, Boeing forecasts 
a need for 43,000 new commercial airplanes, which would double the size of today’s fleet. 

Airbus also reported robust 2018 profitability resulting from strong operational performance. Their commercial aircraft order backlog reached 
an industry record of 7,577 aircrafts at year end. Airbus reported strong first quarter 2019 results on robust commercial aircraft deliveries and 
production ramp-up and continues to see good prospects in its helicopter and defence business.  

Both Boeing and Airbus are adjusting their production rates as they introduce certain more fuel-efficient aircraft variants on several leading 
programs. These adjustments are scheduled through calendar 2020. Order backlogs have increased year-over-year and remain strong for both 
manufacturers driven by a higher combined total of new orders and commitments at the end of 2018.(4) Their combined backlogs represent a 
total of 13,477 aircraft representing over 8 years of production based on calendar 2018 production rates.

Defence Remains a Solid Growth Market with Spending on the Rise

The defense market in Calendar 2018 represented about 25% of global aircraft production, according to Teal Group(5). It remains a “solid growth” 
market, driven by rising global tensions and an aging fleet. Fighter jets are forecasted as the largest share aircraft production at approximately 
$293 billion over the next ten years. (TEAL)

On March 11, 2019, the U.S. administration sent Congress a Proposed Fiscal Year 2020 Budget request to increase funding for the Department 
of Defense (DOD) to US$718 billion from US$668 billion in 2018 representing 7.5% of year over year growth. In Canada, the new defence policy 
calls for a rise in spending, from $18.9 billion in the 2017 fiscal year to $32.7 billion in the 2027 fiscal year, an increase of over 70%. Europe is 
also committing more funds to defence, as evidenced by a 7.2% projected overall spending increase by members of NATO for 2019 (expressed 
in US dollars, assuming constant prices and exchange rates).(6)

New Certifications and Demand in North America Drive Business Jet Deliveries

Business jets are forecasted as the third largest segment new aircraft production over the next ten years at approximately US$253 billion. (TEAL)

In the business jet market, aircraft shipments increased by 3.8% in calendar 2018, to 703 aircrafts, according to data published by the General 
Aviation Manufacturers Association (“GAMA”). Looking ahead, the business jet industry is expected to experience growth in the short to medium 
term, supported by several new airplane models coming to market and an improved used aircraft environment. The North American market took 
delivery of 65.1% of all business jets delivered in 2018.(7)

(1) Refer to Forward-Looking Statements in Overview for further information regarding forward-looking statements and related risks.
(2) Source: Airbus Global Market Forecast, 2018-2037
(3) Sources: Air Passenger Market Analysis, IATA, February 2019; Air Freight Market Analysis, IATA, May 2019; IMF Downgrades GDP 
Forecast, But Growth Still Looks OK, April 2019; World Economic Outlook, International Monetary Fund, April 2019.
(4) Sources: Airbus press release February 14, 2019 and April 30, 2019; Boeing press releases January 30, 2019 and April 9, 2019; Speech 
from Boeing CEO Dennis Muilenberg: 2019 Address to Shareholders, April 29, 2019. Statement from Boeing CEO Dennis Muilenburg: We 
Own Safety - 737 MAX Software, Production and Process Update, April 5, 2019.
(5) Source: World Military and Civil Aircraft Briefing, Teal Group Corporation, March 2019.
(6)Sources: DOD press release March 12, 2019; NATO press release, December 19, 2018; The Standing Senate Committee on National 
Finance Evidence, February 19, 2019.
(7) Sources: GAMA press release February 20, 2019, GAMA annual report 2018; Business Aviation Market Forecast, Jetcraft, October 2018.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  23

GUIDANCE

See Forward-Looking Statements for cautionary notice regarding Guidance and Risk Management for discussion of certain factors which may 
cause future results to differ from guidance included in this section.

In October 2018, Management provided updated fiscal 2019 sales guidance as well as guidance on Fiscal 2019 additions to PP&E and Long term 
sales growth in order to reflect the expected contributions of Beaver and CESA to Héroux-Devtek’s financial performance.

As such, revised guidance for fiscal 2019 was as follows:

Metric

Fiscal 2019 sales

Fiscal 2019 additions to PP&E

Long-term sales growth

Initial fiscal 2019 guidance

Stable as compared to fiscal 2018

Approximately $15 million

Updated Fiscal 2019 guidance

Sales of $460 to $470 million

Approximately $20 million

N/A

Fiscal 2022 sales of $620 to $650 million

FISCAL 2019 OPERATING RESULTS COMPARED TO REVISED GUIDANCE

*Non-IFRS financial measure. Refer to the Non-IFRS financial measures section under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to the most comparable 
IFRS measures.

Fiscal 2019 sales were slightly above guidance owing to strong results both from the Corporation’s existing and acquired operations. Additions 
to property, plant and equipment totaled $12.9 million, compared to guidance of $20 million due mainly to the timing of certain investment initiatives.

FISCAL 2020 GUIDANCE

Metric

Fiscal 2020 sales

Long-term sales growth

Fiscal 2020 Guidance

Fiscal 2020 sales of $560 to $580 million

Fiscal 2022 sales of $620 to $650 million

The growth in fiscal 2020 sales over fiscal 2019 mainly relates to a full year of contribution from acquired businesses as well as increased deliveries 
related to the Boeing 777 and 777X programs.

Management has prepared the foregoing guidance using the best information available upon preparing this MD&A, and based it on assumptions 
and sources of information including, but not limited to:

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Héroux-Devtek’s backlog, long-term sales contracts and estimated future order intake;
Existing OEM backlogs, production rates and disclosed production and delivery expectations;
Government defence budget, spending climates, trends and expectations;
Ongoing economic conditions;
Stability of foreign exchange rates;
The Corporation’s ability to deliver on key contract initiatives; and,
The successful deployment of integration and cross-selling initiatives.

24  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

FOREIGN EXCHANGE

As a Corporation with operations in various countries which deals with customers from across the world, Héroux-Devtek’s financial position and 
results of operations are partly influenced by movements in foreign exchange (“FX”) rates. More specifically, the Corporation has operations in 
Canada, the United States, Spain and the United Kingdom, and thus incurs costs denominated in the respective currencies of these four countries, 
the Canadian dollar (“CAD”), United States dollar (“USD”) Euros (“EUR”) and British pound (“GBP”). In addition to costs denominated in their 
local currencies, a large portion of materials costs of the Canadian, Spanish and British operations are denominated in USD, as is a large portion 
of their sales.

The Corporation must convert foreign-denominated revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities into CAD for financial reporting purposes. Gains 
and losses occur as a result of the fluctuations of these foreign currencies against the CAD between balance sheet periods, or between the 
date of a transaction and the reporting date.

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency rate of exchange at the date of the transactions, 
excluding the impact of forward foreign exchange contracts (“FFEC”), while the statement of income of foreign operations is translated at the 
average exchange rate for the period. Balance sheet items are translated at the spot rate on the reporting date.

The foreign exchange rates used to translate assets and liabilities into Canadian dollars were as follows, as at:

USD (Canadian equivalent of US$1.0)
EUR (Canadian equivalent of €1.0)
GBP (Canadian equivalent of £1.0)

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

1.3363
1.5002
1.7418

1.2894
N/A
1.8106

The foreign exchange rates used to translate revenues and expenses into Canadian dollars were as follows:

USD (Canadian equivalent of US$1.0)

EUR (Canadian equivalent of €1.0)

GBP (Canadian equivalent of £1.0)

Quarters ended March 31,

Fiscal years ended March 31,

2019

1.3292

1.5094
1.7315

2018
1.2648

N/A

1.7607

2019

1.3122

1.5192
1.7228

2018
1.2834

N/A

1.7022

Héroux-Devtek is most exposed to the performance of the USD versus CAD, GBP and EUR due to the prevalence of USD in Aerospace market 
transactions and the geographical location of operations. Fiscal 2019 featured a notable increase in the value of the USD compared to CAD, 
EUR and GBP, the main impact of which was growth in the value of the Corporation’s U.S. denominated sales and assets. Approximately 70% 
of the Corporation’s sales are denominated in USD, compared to only a bit less than half of the related costs, which creates significant net 
inflows of USD, the value of which fluctuate with the USD/CAD, USD/EUR and USD/GBP exchange rate.

In order to manage this risk, the Corporation has put in place a foreign currency hedging policy whereby Héroux-Devtek contracts FFEC to sell 
USD in amounts equivalent to expected net inflows. This policy requires that the Corporation hedge between 50% and 100% of the identified 
net exposure, mainly over the next two fiscal years. See the Derivative Financial Instruments section under Additional Information for further 
details.

As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation had forward foreign exchange contracts outstanding for a notional amount of $228.4 million denominated 
in USD, EUR and GBP. This amount includes contracts with nominal value of US$146.9 million convertible into Canadian dollars at an average 
rate of 1.3060. These contracts mature at various dates between April 2019 and March 2023, with the majority maturing this fiscal year and the 
next.

Consistent with hedge accounting under IFRS, gains and losses on these FFEC are accounted for in other comprehensive income until settlement, 
at which point they are realized in the consolidated statement of income along with the opposing gain or loss on translation of the related financial 
instruments. As at March 31, 2019, a 1% strengthening of the CAD versus the USD would result in a 0.4 million decrease in the Corporation’s 
fiscal 2019 net income.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  25

OPERATING RESULTS

Quarters ended March 31,

Fiscal years ended March 31,

2019

2018

Variance

2019

2018

Variance

Sales

Gross profit

Selling and administrative expenses

Adjusted operating income(1)

Non-recurring items

Operating income

Financial (gains) expenses(2)

Income tax expense(2)

Net income

Adjusted net income(1)

As a percentage of sales

Gross profit

Selling and administrative expenses

Operating income

Adjusted operating income(1)

In dollars per share

EPS - basic and diluted

Adjusted EPS(1)

$

$

$

$

$

157,914

$

113,024

$

29,730

13,522

16,208
1,018

15,190
1,402

1,830

11,958

12,794

18.8%

8.6%

9.6%

10.3%

$

$

18,958

6,869

12,089

5,392

6,697

(389)

1,228

5,858

10,439

16.8%

6.1%

5.9%

10.7%

$

$

44,890

10,772

6,653

4,119

(4,374)

8,493

1,791

602

6,100

2,355

200 bps

250 bps

370 bps

-40 bps

$

483,877

$

386,564

$

83,196

41,633

41,563

4,323

37,240

6,811

4,235

26,194

30,352

$
$

61,276

30,951

30,325

6,947

23,378

2,537

7,167

13,674
24,213

$

$

$

$

17.2%

8.6%

7.7%

8.6%

15.9%

8.0%

6.0%

7.8%

97,313

21,920

10,682

11,238

(2,624)

13,862

4,274

(2,932)

12,520

6,139

130 bps

60 bps

170 bps

80 bps

0.34

0.36

$

$

0.16

0.29

$

$

0.18

0.07

$

$

0.73

0.84

$

$

0.38

0.67

$

$

0.35

0.17

(1) Non-IFRS financial measure. Refer to the Non-IFRS financial measures section for definitions and reconciliations to the most comparable IFRS measures.
(2) Refer to the Non-Recurring Items section for more details

Sales

26  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

Sales can be broken down by sector as follows:

Commercial

Defence(1) 
Total

Commercial

Defence(1) 
Total

2019

2018

Acquisitions

FX impact

Net variance

Quarters ended March 31,

$

78,004

79,910
$ 157,914

2019

$ 236,283

247,594
$ 483,877

$

$

$

$

57,509

55,515
113,024

$

$

19,278

24,172
43,450

$

$

1,685

1,760
3,445

$

$

(468)

(1,537)
(2,005)

(0.8)%

(2.8)%

(1.8)%

Fiscal years ended March 31,

2018

Acquisitions

FX impact

Net variance

195,101

191,463
386,564

$

$

31,474

58,924
90,398

$

$

2,108

2,208
4,316

$

$

7,600

(5,001)
2,599

3.9 %

(2.6)%

0.7 %

(1) Includes defence sales to civil customers and governments.

The following analysis excludes the impact of acquisitions and foreign exchange which are itemized in the table above.

Commercial
The $7.6 million net increase in commercial sales for the fiscal year was mainly driven by:

Increased deliveries for the Boeing 777 and 777X programs;

  Higher sales related to business jets, mainly due to the ramp-up of deliveries for the Embraer 450/500 program.

Commercial sales were relatively stable during the fourth quarter this year compared to last as increased deliveries for the Boeing 777 and 777X 
programs were offset by lower sales on Bell Helicopter programs.

Defence
The $5.0 million and $1.5 million respective net decreases in defence sales for the fiscal year and fourth quarter were mainly driven by:

The net impact of the end of the USAF R&O contract partially offset by the ramp-up of the corresponding contract with AAR signed 
earlier this fiscal year; and
Lower manufacturing sales to Boeing for the CH-47 contract;

These factors were partially offset by higher sales of spares, namely to the U.S. Navy and USAF.

Gross Profit 

The respective increases in gross profit from 15.9% to 17.2% this fiscal year and from 16.8% to 18.8% for the quarter compared to the same 
periods last fiscal year were mainly driven by the impact of the Beaver and CESA acquisitions and higher throughput which led to better absorption 
of manufacturing costs. Foreign exchange did not have a significant impact on gross profit.

Selling and Administrative Expenses

When excluding gains on translation of net monetary items, selling and administrative expenses represented 8.8% and 8.5% of sales for the 
fiscal year and the quarter, respectively, compared to 8.0% and 7.6% for the same periods last fiscal year. 

The increases compared to the same periods last fiscal year mainly relate to lower stock-based compensation expense last year due to the 
delay in fiscal 2018 long term incentive plan issuances caused by trading blackouts as well as the impact of acquisitions.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  27

 
 
 
Non-Recurring Items

Non-recurring items comprise the following:

Non-recurring items in operating income

Acquisition-related costs
Restructuring charges

Non-recurring items in financial expenses

Net losses on certain derivative financial instruments

Non-recurring items in income tax expense

Impact of US Tax Reform

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

$

$

$
$

$
$

1,018
—
1,018

$

$

— $
— $

— $
— $

402
4,990
5,392

698
698

$

$

$
$

4,323
—
4,323

391
391

$

$

$
$

1,957
4,990
6,947

89
89

— $
— $

— $
— $

4,912
4,912

Acquisition-related costs
These costs mainly pertain to professional fees and expenses related to the acquisitions of CESA, Beaver and Tekalia.

Restructuring charges
In March 2018, the Corporation announced workforce adjustments of about 60 employees at its Longueuil facility following the non-renewal of 
the USAF contract. These  adjustments  along  with other costs  related  to the  decrease  in volume  resulted  in  restructuring  charges  totaling 
$5.0 million accounted for during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, including termination benefits of $2.7 million and other costs related to the 
reduction in volume totaling $2.3 million. The unpaid portion of these restructuring charges amounted to $0.3 million as at March 31, 2019 ($2.5 
million as at March 31, 2018).

Net losses on certain derivative financial instruments
These losses relate to derivative financial instruments acquired in order to mitigate foreign currency and interest rate risks arising from the 
purchase price and financing related to the acquisition of CESA. Refer to the Derivatives section under Additional Information below for further 
details.

Impact of US Tax Reform
This one-time tax expense of $4.9 million recorded during fiscal 2018 is related to the US Tax Reform enacted on December 22, 2017. Refer to 
the Income Tax section for further details.

Operating Income

The increases in operating income from 6.0% to 7.7% of sales (increase from 7.8% to 8.6% excluding non-recurring items) for the fiscal year
and from 5.9% to 9.6% of sales (decrease from 10.7% to 10.3% excluding non-recurring items) for the quarter compared to the same periods 
last fiscal year were mainly the result of the factors described above.

Year-over-year, foreign exchange had a positive impact of $0.7 million on operating income, while it had a negative impact of $1.0 million during 
the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 compared to the same period last fiscal year.

28  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

Net financial Expenses

Quarters ended March 31,

Fiscal years ended March 31,

2019

2018 Variance

2019

2018

Variance

Interest on long-term debt

$

1,644

$

536

$

1,108

$

4,914

$

2,614

$

2,300

Net interest expense (income) related to government loans

Interest income (expense) related to financial instruments

Other interest income (expense)

(549)

(46)

353

(1,189)

441

(177)

640

(487)

530

1,325

(409)

981

466

(491)

(52)

$

1,402

$

(389) $

1,791

$

6,811

$

2,537

$

859

82

1,033

4,274

The $4.3 million and $1.8 million respective increases during the fiscal year and fourth quarter compared to the same periods last fiscal year 
mainly reflect interest charges on new debt incurred to finance the CESA acquisition and higher interest rates, as well as the negative impact 
of discount rates on provisions compared to a positive impact last year. In addition, there was a lower gain resulting from revisions of the 
repayment schedules of governmental authorities’ loans, described in Government Authorities Loans under Liquidity and Capital Resources.

Income Tax Expense

Quarters ended 
 March 31,

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,

2019

2018

2019

2018

Income before income tax expense

$

13,788

$

7,086

$

30,429

$

20,841

Income tax expense

Effective tax rate

Effect of US Tax Reform

Income tax expense excluding U.S. Tax reform

Effective tax rate excluding the US Tax Reform impact

Canadian blended statutory income tax rate

1,830
13.3%

1,228
17.3%

4,235
13.9%

$

— $

— $

— $

1,830

13.3%

26.6%

1,228

17.3%

26.6%

4,235

13.9%

26.6%

7,167
34.4%

4,912

2,255

10.8%

26.6%

For fiscal 2019, the Corporation’s effective income tax rate is lower than the Canadian blended statutory rate by 12.7% primarily due to the 
favourable impact of earnings in lower tax rate jurisdictions of $4.8 million ($4.8 million in fiscal 2018), partially offset by non-deductible acquisition-
related costs of $0.7 million ($0.5 million in fiscal 2018) and permanent differences of $0.5 million ($0.3 million in 2018).

The effective income tax rate for the quarter mainly reflects the $1.7 million favourable impact of earnings in lower tax rate jurisdictions  ($0.9 million 
in fiscal 2018), partially offset by permanent differences totaling $0.1 million ($0.1 million in fiscal 2018). The effective income tax rate was also 
impacted by non-deductible acquisitions-related costs of $0.2 million incurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018.

On December 22, 2017, the United States Government passed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "US Tax Reform"). The US Tax Reform 
includes a number of changes in tax law impacting businesses including a permanent reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate from 
35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. This reduction caused a revaluation of the Corporation’s net deferred tax assets, resulting in a one-time 
income tax expense of $4.9 million during fiscal 2018.

Net Income 

Earnings increased from $13.7 million to $26.2 million (or increased from $24.2 million to $30.4 million excluding non-recurring items net of 
taxes) this fiscal year compared to last and increased from $5.9 million to $12.0 million (or increased from $10.4 million to $12.8 million excluding 
non-recurring items net of taxes) during the quarter compared to the same quarter last fiscal year mainly as a result of the factors described 
above. 

During the fiscal year, earnings per share increased from $0.38 to $0.73 per share (or increased from $0.67 to $0.84 per share excluding 
non recurring items net of taxes), while they increased from $0.16 to $0.34 per share (or increased from $0.29 to $0.36 excluding non recurring 
items net of taxes) during the quarter compared to the same quarter last fiscal year.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  29

NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURES

This MD&A is based on earnings in accordance with IFRS and the following non-IFRS financial measures:

Adjusted operating income:  Operating income excluding non-recurring items.
EBITDA:   
Adjusted EBITDA:  
Adjusted net income: 
Adjusted earnings per share: Diluted earnings per share calculated on the basis of adjusted net income.
Free cash flow: 

Earnings before financial expenses, income tax expense and amortization expense.
EBITDA as defined above excluding non-recurring items.
Net income excluding non-recurring items net of taxes.

Cash flows related to operating activities, less additions to property, plant and equipment and net increase or 
decrease in finite life intangible assets.

These Non-IFRS financial measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and may therefore not be comparable to similar 
measures presented by other issuers. Management considers these metrics to be information which may assist investors in evaluating the 
Corporation’s profitability and enable better comparability of the results from one period to another and with peers who may employ similar 
measures.

These measures are not considered by management to be a substitute for IFRS measures, nor to be superior as they often do not fully reflect 
periodic costs, the long-term costs of investing or financing decisions or the impact of events which are not a result of operations.

The following are reconciliations of these items to their most comparable IFRS measures as well as additional information about what they 
represent, excluding free cash flow. For the reconciliation of free cash flow to cash flows related to operating activities, refer to Liquidity and 
Capital Resources.

The Corporation’s Adjusted operating income is calculated as follows:

Operating income
Non-recurring items
Adjusted operating income

Quarters ended 
 March 31,

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,

2019
15,190
1,018
16,208

$

$

2018
6,697
5,392
12,089

$

$

2019
37,240
4,323
41,563

$

$

2018
23,378
6,947
30,325

$

$

Management believes adjusted operating income provides investors with a figure that provides an alternative assessment of the Corporation’s 
future profitability by excluding from operating income the impact of events which are not in the expected course of future operations, or which 
are not a result of operations.

The Corporation’s EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are calculated as follows:

Net income
Income tax expense
Financial income (expenses)
Amortization expense
EBITDA
Non-recurring items
Adjusted EBITDA

Quarters ended 
 March 31,

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,

2019
11,958
1,830
1,402
9,702
24,892
1,018
25,910

$

$

$

2018
5,858
1,228
(389)
7,280
13,977
5,392
19,369

$

$

$

2019
26,194
4,235
6,811
32,650
69,890
4,323
74,213

$

$

$

2018
13,674
7,167
2,537
26,579
49,957
6,947
56,904

$

$

$

Management believes EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA provide valuable insight into the Corporation’s day-to-day operations as they exclude from 
earnings factors that are more reflective of long-term financing or investing decisions than of current performance. 

Adjusted EBITDA, in addition, provides an alternative assessment of future operating results as it excludes the impact of events which are not 
in the expected course of future operations, or which are not a result of operations. Adjusted EBITDA is also used by management to assess 
operational performance and is a component of certain performance-based employee remuneration.

30  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

 
The Corporation’s adjusted net income and adjusted earnings per share are calculated as follows:

Net income
Non-recurring items net of taxes
Adjusted net income
In dollars per share

Earnings per share - basic and diluted
Non-recurring items net of taxes

Adjusted earnings per share

$

$

$

$

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018
5,858
4,581
10,439

$

$

2019
11,958
836
12,794

0.34
0.02

0.36

$

$

0.16
0.13

0.29

$

$

$

$

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018
13,674
10,539
24,213

2019
26,194
4,158
30,352

$

$

0.73
0.11

0.84

$

$

0.38
0.29

0.67

Management believes adjusted net income and adjusted earnings per share provide investors with an alternative assessment of the Corporation’s 
current period results and future earnings prospects as they exclude from earnings the impact of events which are of a non-recurring nature or 
do not reflect current operations. They are also a component of certain performance-based employee remuneration.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

CREDIT FACILITY AND CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Senior Secured Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility (“Revolving Facility”)

The Corporation has a Revolving Facility with a syndicate of five Canadian banks and their U.S. affiliates or branches and a Canadian branch 
of a U.S. bank. This facility allows the Corporation and its subsidiaries to borrow up to $250.0 million, either in Canadian dollars, US dollars, 
British Pounds, Euro or equivalent currencies and will mature in May 2022. It also includes an accordion feature to increase available credit by 
an additional $100.0 million during the term of this agreement, subject to the approval of the lenders. 

The Revolving Facility was amended during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, increasing the credit limit from $200.0 million to $250.0 million 
in connection with the acquisition of CESA. 

As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation had $94.9 million drawn against the Revolving Facility, compared to $54.2 million as at March 31, 2018.  
This increase is mainly related to a US$50.0 million ($65.2 million) drawing made in order to finance the CESA acquisition, net of US$21.0 million 
($27.9 million) repayments made during the last six months of the fiscal year.

Unsecured Subordinated Term Loan Facility (“Term Loan Facility”)

On September 24, 2018, the Corporation signed a Term Loan Facility with Fonds de Solidarité FTQ for an amount of up to $75.0 million. The 
facility consists of a $50.0 million term loan related to the acquisition of CESA and additional financing, available until September 30, 2020, of 
up to $25.0 million subject to certain conditions.

The initial $50.0 million loan, drawn on September 25, 2018, bears interest at 5.7% and is repayable at maturity on September 30, 2025. Starting 
on September 30, 2021, the Corporation will have the option to make early repayments subject to certain fees.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  31

Net Debt Position

The Corporation’s net debt position is calculated as follows, as at:

Long-term debt, including current portion(1)

Less: Cash and cash equivalents

Net debt position

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

$

$

263,258

$

131,964

35,128

228,130

$

93,209

38,755

(1) Excluding net deferred financing costs of $3.0 million as at March 31, 2019 and $0.9 million as at March 31, 2018. 

Long-term debt is subject to certain general and financial covenants related to, among others, indebtedness, cash flows and equity of the 
Corporation and/or certain subsidiaries. The Corporation complied with all covenants during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 and expects 
to continue to comply with these restrictive financial covenants through the current fiscal year. In general terms, the Corporation has a healthy 
financial situation and is well positioned to face its financial needs.

GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES LOANS

Governmental authorities’ loans represent government assistance for the purchase of certain equipment or tooling, for the modernization or 
additions to the Corporation’s facilities or for development costs capitalized or expensed for aerospace programs. They were granted as incentives 
under Canadian federal and provincial or Spanish industrial programs to promote industry development.

These loans have varying terms governing the timing and amount to be refund. Repayments, when not on a fixed schedule, are either based 
on sales of specific programs or the growth in sales of all or certain of Héroux-Devtek’s product lines and bear no or below-market interest rate.

They are measured at a discounted value using a corresponding market rate of interest each time they are received, and the related discount 
is accreted to income using the effective interest rate method and included in the consolidated statements of income as financial expense.

Assumptions underlying loan repayments are reviewed at least annually. As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation updated the estimated repayment 
schedule of its government authorities’ loans, taking into account revised assumptions mainly related to sales forecasts. This resulted in a non-
cash gain of $1,036 ($1,834 in fiscal 2018), which was included in net financial expenses.

As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation had a present value of $89.7 million outstanding under these agreements ($52.5 million as at March 31, 
2018), bearing effective interest rates of 0.0% to 6.6% as at March 31, 2019 (2.5% to 7.2% as at March 31, 2018). These loans have repayment 
terms extending to fiscal 2033 at the latest.

32  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

VARIATIONS IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of periods

$

28,639

$

70,642

$

93,209

$

Cash flows related to operating activities

Cash flows related to investing activities

Cash flows related to financing activities

Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

37,181

(7,926)

(22,096)

(670)

18,521

3,121

20

905

69,969

(208,619)

80,320

249

42,456

56,122

(4,996)

(565)

192

Cash and cash equivalents at end of periods

$

35,128

$

93,209

$

35,128

$

93,209

Operating Activities

The Corporation generated cash flows from operations and used cash and cash equivalents for its operating activities as follows:

Cash flows from operations

Net change in non-cash items

Cash flows related to operating activities

$

$

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018
11,961

$

2019
19,116

18,065

6,560

37,181

$

18,521

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018
42,624

2019
60,396

$

9,573

69,969

$

13,498

56,122

$

$

The respective $17.8 million and $7.2 million increases in cash flows from operations for the fiscal year and fourth quarter ended March 31, 
2019 when compared to the same periods last fiscal year mainly relate to the contribution from the results of CESA and Beaver. 

The net change in non-cash items can be summarized as follows:

Accounts receivable

Income tax receivable

Inventories

Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other liabilities

Provisions
Customer advance and progress billings

Income tax payable

Effect of changes in exchange rates
Net change in non-cash items

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

$

(5,546) $

(40)

74

(3,063)

21,233

(1,204)

7,264

(794)

141

(19,305) $
48

7,520

417

4,165
209

8,913

1,744

2,849

(5,624) $

(385)

(1,746)

(2,245)

20,013

(5,377)

4,655

(2,404)

2,686

(2,335)

(184)

9,539

(869)

719

(3,335)

7,097

1,916

950

$

18,065

$

6,560

$

9,573

$

13,498

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the positive net change in non-cash items mainly reflected:

An increase in accounts payable due to the higher level of activity in the fourth quarter and the timing of cash outflows; and,
An increase in customer advances following cash receipt, offset by revenue recognition.

These positive elements were partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable due to higher deliveries in the fourth quarter and an increase 
in inventories mainly related to the ramp-up of the Boeing 777 and 777X contract and a decrease in provisions mainly due to utilization of the 
restructuring and product warranty provisions.

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, the positive net change in non-cash items mainly reflected:

Lower inventories following the scheduled ending of a Tier-2 contract and lower spare parts volume with the U.S. Government; and,
The receipt of customer advances.

These positive elements were partially offset by a decrease in certain provisions.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  33

 
 
 
 
For the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the positive net change in non-cash items mainly reflected:

An increase in accounts payable due to timing of cash outflows; and,
An increase in customer advances following cash receipt, offset by revenue recognition.

These positive elements were partially offset by the timing of receivable collections and by the negative effect of change in exchange rates.

For the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the positive net change in non-cash items mainly reflected:

The receipt of customer advances;
A decrease in inventories following a high level of deliveries during the quarter; and,
An increase in accounts payable due to a high level of activity in the fourth quarter.

These positive elements were partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable due to the high level of activity in the fourth quarter.

Investing Activities

The Corporation’s investing activities were as follows: 

Additions to property, plant and equipment
Cash payments for business acquisition

Net decrease in finite-life intangible assets

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

$

(4,513) $
(3,548)

(3,744) $
—

(12,858) $
(198,149)

130

5

6,799

66

2,353

35

(9,930)
—

4,761

173

Cash flows related to investing activities

$

(7,926) $

3,121

$

(208,619) $

(4,996)

The increase in cash payments related to investing activities for the quarter and compared to the same period last fiscal year mainly relates to 
the $3.5 million payment made for the acquisition of Tekalia. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the cash payments related to investing 
activities also include a $170.9 million payment for the acquisition of CESA and a $23.7 million payment made for the acquisition of Beaver.

The net decrease in finite-life intangible assets during the quarter and the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 is due to the timing of certain 
customer funding for capitalized development costs received during the current period.

Additions to property, plant and equipment shown above can be reconciled as follows:

Gross additions to property, plant and equipment

Government assistance

Additions to property, plant and equipment

Variation in unpaid additions included in Accounts payable

Additions, as per statements of cash flows

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

5,286

(497)

4,789

(276)

4,513

$

$

$

5,696

(352)

5,344

(1,600)

3,744

$

$

$

13,876

(497)

13,379

(521)

12,858

$

$

$

10,691

(619)

10,072

(142)

9,930

$

$

$

Net decrease in finite-life intangible assets shown above can be reconciled as follows:

Decrease (increase) in finite-life intangible assets

Variation in unpaid additions included in Accounts payable

Net decrease, as per statements of cash flows

$

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

(692)

822

130

6,799

—

1,531

822

$

6,799

$

2,353

$

4,761

—

4,761

34  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

 
 
 
 
 
Financing Activities

The Corporation’s financing activities were as follows:

Increase in long-term debt

Repayment of long-term debt

Issuance of common shares

Increase in deferred financing cost

Cash flows related to financing activities

Quarters ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,
2018

2019

$

1,278

$

1,603

$

117,883

$

(23,652)

245

33

(1,264)

205

(524)

(36,198)

1,169

(2,534)

$

(22,096) $

20

$

80,320

$

3,821

(4,634)

772

(524)

(565)

The increase in long-term debt during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 is mainly related to a US$50.0 million ($65.2 million) drawing on 
the Revolving facility and a $50.0 million drawing on the Term Loan Facility, both in order to finance the CESA acquisition. 

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, repayments of US$21.0 million or $27.9 million (US$16.0 million or $21.3 million in the last quarter) 
of the Revolving facility and scheduled repayments of finance leases and governmental loans totaling $8.3 million were made. 

FREE CASH FLOW(1)

Cash flows related to operating activities

Additions to property, plant and equipment

Net decrease (increase) in finite-life intangible assets

Free cash flow(1)

Quarters ended 
 March 31,

Fiscal years ended 
 March 31,

2019

2018

2019

37,181

$

18,521

$

69,969

$

(4,789)

(692)

(5,344)

6,799

(13,379)

1,531

31,700

$

19,976

$

58,121

$

2018

56,122

(10,072)

4,761

50,811

$

$

(1) Non-IFRS financial measure. Refer to the Non-IFRS financial measures section under Operating Results for the definition of this metric.

Management  considers  free  cash  flow  to  be  a  good  indicator  of 
financial strength and profitability because it shows how much cash 
generated by operations is available for distribution, to repay debt and 
fund investments.

Héroux-Devtek’s  Free  Cash  Flow  has  increased  compared  to  last 
fiscal year mainly as a result of the contributions of CESA and Beaver.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  35

LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS

The summary of the following contractual obligations of the Corporation includes payments due over the next five years and thereafter, as at 
March 31, 2019:

Contractual obligations

Governmental authorities’ loans

Total

1 year

2-3 years

4-5 years

> 5 years

$

110,666 $

6,780 $

17,165 $

21,938 $

64,783

Payments due by period

Finance leases

Credit facility

Term loan facility

Others

Purchase obligations

Accounts payable

Building, machinery and equipment acquisition commitments

Operating leases - Buildings and facilities

21,762

108,396

69,225

9,623

319,672

205,451

76,749

6,796

16,823

6,007

4,269

2,850

3,306

23,212

172,500

76,749

6,624

2,517

11,185

8,538

5,700

3,897

46,485

30,855

—

172

4,685

4,570

95,589

5,700

798

—

—

54,975

1,622

128,595

121,380

1,825

—

—

271

—

—

3,637

5,984

Total contractual obligations(1)

$

625,491 $

281,602 $

82,197 $

134,057 $

127,635

(1) Excluding defined benefit pension plan obligations presented in the Pension Plans section.

FINANCIAL POSITION

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

The general objectives of the Corporation’s management, in terms of capital management, reside in the preservation of the Corporation’s capacity 
to continue operating, providing benefits to its stakeholders and in providing an adequate return on investment to its shareholders by selling its 
products and services at a price commensurate with the level of operating risk assumed by the Corporation. 

The Corporation thus determines the total amount of capital required consistent with risk levels. This capital structure is adjusted on a timely 
basis depending on changes in the economic environment and risks of the underlying assets.

In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Corporation can, for example:

• 
• 
• 
• 

Issue new common shares;
Repurchase common shares;
Sell certain assets to reduce indebtedness;
Return capital to shareholders.

The net debt-to-equity ratio, calculated as net debt divided by shareholders’ equity, is the overriding factor in the Corporation’s capital management 
and monitoring practices.

During fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Corporation pursued the same capital management strategy as last year, which consists in generally 
maintaining a sufficient net debt-to-equity ratio to allow access to financing at a reasonable or acceptable cost. 

36  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

The Corporation's net debt-to-equity ratio was as follows, as at:

Current portion of long-term debt

Long-term debt

Deferred financing costs, net

Less: Cash and cash equivalents

Net debt
Shareholders’ equity

Net debt-to-equity ratio

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
5,356
$

15,066

$

245,240

2,952

35,128
228,130
404,098
0.56:1

$

125,685

923

93,209
38,755
379,034
0.10:1

$

The increase in net debt this fiscal year is mainly related to the business acquisitions, net of free cash flow generated during the year.

ISSUED CAPITAL

Capital stock varied as follows:

Opening balance

Issued for cash on exercise of stock options

Issued for cash under the stock purchase and ownership incentive plan

Ending balance

Quarter ended 
 March 31, 2019
Issued
 capital

Fiscal year ended 
 March 31, 2019
Issued 
capital

Number of
shares

Number of
shares

36,341,054

$

79,361

36,218,572

$

17,250

3,906

276

39

107,450

36,188

78,105

1,101

470

36,362,210

$

79,676

36,362,210

$

79,676

As at May 22, 2019, the number of common shares outstanding stood at 36,362,210.

Stock options varied as follows:

Opening balance

Granted

Exercised
Cancelled / forfeited

Ending balance

Quarter ended 
 March 31, 2019
Weighted-
average
exercise price

Fiscal year ended 
 March 31, 2019
Weighted-
average
exercise price

Number of
stock options

Number of
stock options

1,187,720

$

—

(17,250)

(3,375)

1,167,095

$

13.22

—

11.87

14.97

13.23

1,105,295

$

207,500

(107,450)

(38,250)

1,167,095

$

12.09

16.21

6.50

15.24

13.23

During fiscal 2019, following the approval by the shareholders of the Corporation at the last Annual General Meeting of shareholders, the 
aggregate number of shares available for future issuance under the stock option plan was replenished due to the limited number of common 
shares remaining under this plan. 

As at March 31, 2019, 2,762,507 common shares remained reserved for issuance upon exercise of stock options compared to 1,514,481 at 
March 31, 2018 and 22,678 common shares remained reserved for issuance under the stock purchase and ownership incentive plan compared 
to 58,866 at March 31, 2018.

As at May 22, 2019, the number of stock options outstanding stood at 1,167,095.

For further information regarding the Corporation’s outstanding issued capital and related compensation plans, refer to Note 22, Issued Capital, 
to the consolidated financial statements.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  37

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The acquisitions of CESA, Beaver and Tekalia contributed assets and liabilities to the Corporation’s balance sheet as at March 31, 2019 as 
detailed in the Business Acquisitions section under Overview. 

Working Capital

The Corporation’s working capital was as follows, as at:

Current assets

Current liabilities

Net working capital

Working capital ratio

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

Variance

$

$

$

$

364,467

186,840

177,627

1.95

310,649

$

53,818

108,750

78,090

17.3 %

71.8 %

201,899

$ (24,272)

(12.0)%

2.86

The $53.8 million increase in current assets is mainly due to:

$86.8 million of current asset as acquired through business acquisitions; and,
$58.1 million of free cash flow generated during fiscal 2019.

These positive factors were partly offset by $82.9 million of cash used for the business acquisitions.

The $78.1 million increase in current liabilities is mainly due to $42.8 million assumed in business acquisitions and an increase of $26.2 million 
in accounts payable and accrued liabilities as previously explained.

Long-term assets, Long-term liabilities and Shareholders’ equity

The Corporation’s long-term assets and liabilities and shareholders’ equity were as follows, as at:

Long-term assets

Long-term liabilities

Shareholder’s equity

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

Variance

$

510,273

$

321,513

$ 188,760

283,802

404,098

144,378

379,034

139,424

25,064

58.7%

96.6%

6.6%

The increase in long-term assets is mainly due to $211.0 million acquired with CESA, Beaver and Tekalia, including $97.6 million of goodwill.

The increase in long-term liabilities is mainly due to the financing of the acquisition of CESA. Refer to the Credit Facilities & Net Debt Position 
section under Liquidity and Capital Resources for further details.

PENSION PLANS

The Corporation has funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans as well as defined contribution pension plans that provide pension 
benefits to its employees. Retirement benefits provided by the defined benefit pension plans are based on either years of service and flat amount, 
years of service and final average salary, or set out by individual agreements.

38  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

 
 
The net defined benefit obligations varied as follows, during fiscal year:

Net defined benefit obligations, beginning of year

Net gains (losses) from remeasurement

Employer contributions

Current service cost

Interest on net defined benefit obligations

Other

Net defined benefit obligations, end of year

The funding status of the Corporation’s pension plans was as follows, as at:

Present value of defined benefit obligations of funded plans
Fair value of plan assets
Funding ratio

2019

$

(3,958) $

(2,487)

1,335

(1,192)

(150)

(198)

$

(6,650) $

2018

(3,610)

261

1,489

(1,459)

(153)

(486)

(3,958)

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
61,216
$
58,974

65,962
60,710

$

92.0%

96.3%

The Corporation made contributions of $1.3 million and $3.5 million to its defined benefit and defined contribution benefit plans, respectively, 
during fiscal 2019, and expects to make respective contributions of $1.7 million and $3.6 million during fiscal 2020.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Héroux-Devtek measures its performance on a corporate-wide basis through the following elements:

• 
• 
• 
• 

Profitability
Liquidity
Growth and competitive positioning
Financial position

To do so, the Corporation developed key performance indicators (“KPI”). The following is a list of these indicators as well as the elements 
which they help measure:

PERFORMANCE ELEMENT

KPI

Profitability

Liquidity

Growth and competitive
positioning

Financial position

Gross profit

Adjusted operating income(1)

Adjusted net income(1)

Adjusted EPS(1)

MEASURES

Manufacturing performance

Operating performance

Global profitability

Global profitability and shareholder return

Return on net assets (“RONA”)

Return on investment

Adjusted EBITDA(1)

Cash flow from operations

Free cash flow(1)

Sales

Funded backlog

Working capital

Net debt to EBITDA ratio

Net debt to equity ratio

Overall liquidity generation

Operating liquidity generation

Net liquidity generation

Growth

Outstanding firm orders

Available liquidity

Indebtedness

Overall capital structure

(1) Non-IFRS financial measure. Refer to the Non-IFRS financial measures section under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to the most 

comparable IFRS measures.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  39

In addition to the above measures, on an internal basis, the Corporation uses such measures as manufacturing capacity utilization, as well as 
on-time deliveries and non-quality costs to measure customer satisfaction.

Héroux-Devtek’s incentive-based pay for management varies partially based on reaching established global or divisional targets of certain of 
the metrics listed above, including operating income, RONA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income. Incentive pay also relies on individual 
objectives and, in the case of stock-based compensation, share price performance.

RISK MANAGEMENT

Héroux-Devtek operates in an industry which exposes it to a variety of risk factors and uncertainties that may have a material adverse effect on 
the business, financial condition and results. The Corporation is also subject to more general economic or natural risks which could have 
widespread, cross-industry impacts.

Héroux-Devtek’s general philosophy is to avoid unnecessary risk and to limit, to the extent practicable, any risk associated with business activities. 
Taking any risk unrelated to normal business activities is considered inappropriate. 

It is ultimately the responsibility of the Board of Directors and its committees to identify material risks to the business and ensure management 
performs adequate risk management duties. Their role in this regard is largely one of high level decisions, oversight and review. In order to 
succeed, the Board of Directors entrusts the bulk of risk prevention, detection and mitigation to management.

It is Corporate management’s responsibility to ensure that systems and procedures are in place to identify and assess risk exposures and 
manage them within tolerable limits. In order to do so, management has set out the following objectives:

• 
• 
• 

identify and evaluate risk exposures and, when practicable, reduce exposures to a tolerable level;
use the most effective and efficient methods to eliminate, reduce or transfer risk exposures; and,
consider risks associated with operating decisions and structure transactions in such a fashion as to avoid risks whenever possible.

The most significant risk management methods used by management have entity-wide impacts. Such entity-wide efforts include, but are not 
limited to:
• 

the establishment of a corporate culture which fosters responsible management and integrity by adhering to strict hiring policies and 
emitting strong tone from the top;
the application of a code of ethical conduct and a whistleblower policy in order to assure the quality of the Corporation's corporate 
governance, and the integrity of the Corporation's functioning;
the establishment and ongoing alignment of company-wide quality organizations and systems, including supply chain, quality assurance 
and continuous improvement; and,
the company-wide establishment of a strong internal control environment in order to manage risks associated with financial reporting, 
fraud, treasury and operations.

• 

• 

• 

The tables below include a selection of key risks identified by management as well as the related risk management approach. This list is not, 
nor is it intended to be, exhaustive. Other risks which may not yet have been identified by management could have an adverse effect on the 
Corporation’s business, financial condition or results.

40  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

Strategic Risks

Strategic risks have company-wide impacts and are typically related to the Corporation’s overall direction.

RISK

DESCRIPTION

Boeing 777 and
777X programs

Reliance on large
customers

Acquisitions and
integrations

The Boeing 777 and 777X programs are integral to the 
long-term growth of Héroux-Devtek and have 
engendered approximately $110 million of investments. 
Solid execution of this contract is crucial in order for the 
Corporation to, among other objectives:
- Recover invested capital
- Achieve forecasted sales and profitability growth
- Demonstrate the Corporation’s ability to compete as a 
Tier-1 producer of landing gear for larger commercial 
aircraft
The top 9 of Héroux-Devtek’s customers represent
approximately 63% of consolidated sales, including one
customer representing 22% of its consolidated sales.
The loss of one of these customers would have a
material adverse impact on current and forecasted
financial results.

As a growth strategy, the Corporation at times engages
in business acquisitions. Such acquisitions increase the
size and scale of the Corporation, and may expose it to
new geographical, political, operational and financial
risks.

Acquisitions furthermore may place significant demand
on management or cause subsequent difficulties related
to the integration of new operations. The integration of
new operations poses risks, which are difficult to
forecast, that may adversely affect the Corporation's
growth and profitability, and may include the inability to
successfully integrate acquired operations.

RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH
The Boeing 777 and 777X programs are subject to 
constant oversight by senior management and represent 
a company-wide effort. Furthermore:
- The Corporation has invested in state-of-the-art 
equipment and facilities to ensure proper execution;
- Execution is subject to rigorous internal and external 
qualification processes;
- Héroux-Devtek works very closely with Boeing in order 
to ensure requirements are consistently met or 
exceeded.

This risk is partly mitigated by entering into long-term 
sales agreements with customers as well as by actively 
seeking out new and diverse customers in order to 
diversify the sales portfolio.

In addition, further diversification is achieved by 
diversifying sales by subsegment and product or service 
within sales to individual customers.

Héroux-Devtek carefully selects acquisition targets within
restrictive criteria and only goes forward when
satisfactory fit is identified.

Acquisition agreements, further, are thoroughly
negotiated with the goal in mind to mitigate key
acquisition risks via mutually agreeable conditions,
warranties and contingent pricing agreements.

The Corporation further manages risks associated with
acquisitions and integrations via thorough due diligence
work, internal experience and external assistance, as
needed.

Héroux-Devtek plans integration of acquisitions from the
top down and dedicates resources over the long term in
order to optimize integration and achieve strategic goals.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  41

Financial Risks

Financial risks are related to the financial condition, results and liquidity of the corporation and/or relate to market conditions directly related to 
the Corporation.

RISK
Foreign currency
fluctuations

DESCRIPTION
Refer to the Foreign exchange section under Overview for details of Héroux-Devtek’s exposure to foreign exchange 
rate fluctuations and related risk management practices.

RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH

The Corporation requires continued access to capital 
markets to finance its activities. The long-term nature 
and up-front cost structure of certain programs can 
require significant amounts of start-up costs. Inability to 
access such capital could impede the Corporation’s 
ability to bid on significant contracts, or negatively impact 
ongoing operations.

Héroux-Devtek has access to such financing from its 
banking syndicate, unsecured subordinated term loan 
facility as well as from loans from government authorities 
and capital lease facilities. These agreements subject 
the Corporation to the financial covenants as described 
in the Liquidity and capital resources section. They 
furthermore restrict the Corporation's ability to sell all or 
substantially all of its assets, incur secured or certain 
other indebtedness, engage in mergers or consolidations 
or engage in transactions with affiliates.

These restrictions and covenants could impede access 
to capital or prevent the Corporation from engaging in 
business activities that may be in its interest.
The Corporation is exposed to fluctuations in interest 
rates through the floating rate of its credit facility as well 
as the impact on the cost of future capital requirements. 

Fluctuations in interest rates may also negatively impact 
profitability by their impact on rates used by Héroux-
Devtek to discount provisions and pension obligations, 
among other balances. Lower interest rates would result 
in higher present obligations, with resulting adjustments 
impacting financial results.

In order to maintain proper liquidity, Héroux-Devtek 
makes cash management a daily priority. Liquidity 
balances, receivables, cash projections and market rates 
of foreign exchange and interest are monitored 
constantly.

In order to ensure stability and long-term financial 
viability, the Corporation also:
- Ensures proper bid approval in order to ensure proper 
forecasting and risk assessment of revenue and costs;
- Structures contracts in order to obtain customer 
advances and progress billings;
- Develops long-term agreements with customers and 
suppliers which go through bid processes for key costs;
- Performs long-term cash projections as part of the 
annual budget and strategic plan process;
- Maintains positive relationships with all major creditors.

Management also monitors covenants on an ongoing 
basis in order to ensure they are met and identifies 
trends which could indicate future risks.

Héroux-Devtek’s risk management policies specifically 
address the management of interest rate risk by allowing 
the use of derivatives such as interest rate swaps. The 
goal of this policy is to obtain an overall fixed rate debt 
ratio between 40% and 70% of overall long-term debt.

Outstanding derivatives are detailed in the Derivative 
Financial Instruments section under Additional 
Information.

Risks associated with pensions are managed through 
investment policies put in place by the Corporation and 
pension committees.

Liquidity, capital
resources and
related covenants

Changing interest
rates

42  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

Operational Risks

Operational risks are more specific to or result from Héroux-Devtek’s operations than strategic risks.

RISK

Litigation

DESCRIPTION
Héroux-Devtek is subject to possible litigation in the 
ordinary course of its business by, among others, 
customers, suppliers, competitors, shareholders or 
government agencies including specific import/export 
laws and regulations. Such litigation can vary both in 
terms of financial magnitude and in duration, either of 
which could remain unknown for substantial periods of 
time. 

RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH
The Corporation employs legal professionals who advise 
senior management on the subject of ongoing legal and 
regulatory compliance and related risk management. 

The Corporation also subscribes to several forms of 
insurance coverage which may, in the event of liability of 
certain types, partially or entirely compensate for 
potential losses.

Regardless of outcome, litigation could result in 
substantial costs to the Corporation in addition to 
potentially material losses, both of which would 
negatively impact financial results. Litigation, in addition, 
could divert management’s attention and resources 
away from day-to-day operations and strategic 
objectives.
The Corporation is party to certain collective bargaining
agreements which govern the working relationship with
certain employees. Failure to renew such agreements
upon mutually agreeable terms could result in work
stoppages or other labour disturbances which could
have adverse effects on financial results, operational
execution and customer satisfaction.
The market for skilled labour in the aerospace industry is
highly competitive and is expected to remain so in the
future. Execution of key programs and customer
satisfaction are heavily reliant on employing top talent.
The Corporation relies on such labour, particularly
engineers, machinists and programmers, for all levels of
operations.
Information technology systems are essential to most of 
Héroux-Devtek’s operations. These systems could be 
vulnerable to cyber-attacks or spying, viruses and any 
other form of hardware or software failures, intentional or 
not. 

The non-availability of these systems would directly and 
negatively affect the Corporation’s operations. 
Unauthorized access to first or third-party confidential 
data in Héroux-Devtek’s possession would also 
negatively affect the Corporation’s reputation and, 
consequently, its business and results.

The complex and sophisticated nature of the
Corporation’s products creates a risk that defects may
be found after they have been delivered to customers.
Such defects may result in warranty claims or customer
losses for which Héroux-Devtek may be liable.
Furthermore, the primary use of these products being for
air travel may compound the magnitude of such warranty
claims or losses. Liability for such losses, or the inability
to correct such errors, may have material adverse effect
on the Corporation’s business and results.

The increasing growth, integration and automation of the
Corporation’s business result in increased reliance on,
and exposure to, the performance of its supply chain.
Reductions in quality, reliability, availability of supply
chain performance could result in material adverse
effects on the Corporation’s business and results.

Collective
bargaining
agreements

Availability of
skilled labour

Information
technology

Warranty casualty
claim losses

Supplier
performance

In order to minimize this risk, Héroux-Devtek endeavours
to maintain cooperative and professional relationships
with union leadership and plans the negotiation of
renewals to allow reasonable time to achieve positive
results.

Héroux-Devtek targets top candidates for key roles and
carefully evaluates hires for long-term fit and growth.
Retention of employees is addressed through solid
human resources practices, competitive remuneration
and, in the case of key management, incentive-based
pay such as bonuses, stock options, performance share
units and stock purchase and ownership incentive plans.
In order to reduce technology-related risks, 
Héroux Devtek has implemented a variety of measures, 
including:
- A security program based on the NIST framework, 
including frequent maturity assessments, audits and 
penetration tests;
- 24/7 monitoring via a security operations center;
- Intrusion detection and prevention solutions;
- A global security committee, strict governances process 
and policies regarding information technology;
- A cybersecurity awareness program and phishing 
campaigns; and,
- Disaster recovery planning.
Héroux-Devtek’s rigorous dedication to quality 
standards, systems and certifications in all stages of 
design, production or repair and overhaul partially 
mitigate the risk of product-related failure which could 
lead to warranty claims or litigation.   

The Corporation has in place a product support 
organization which monitors performance and reliability 
of products and also subscribes to product liability 
insurance which may mitigate potential losses.

Héroux-Devtek manages supplier-related risks through 
frequent supplier audits and maintaining high standards, 
such as requiring AS9100 and Nadcap certification.

The Corporation also tracks and monitors supplier 
performance and mitigates potential losses by ensuring 
poor quality, if any, is detected through internal quality 
management.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  43

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
External Risks

External risks are generally outside of management’s control and mostly result from external factors.

RISK

Competition and
innovation

DESCRIPTION
Héroux-Devtek operates in an industry that has faced 
ongoing consolidation, resulting in a smaller overall 
number of larger competitors, as well as constant 
innovation in technology and products.

RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH
Héroux-Devtek manages risk from competition by 
maximizing customer satisfaction, on-time delivery, 
bidding competitively and maintaining high quality 
products.

Larger competitors may have increased capabilities to 
compete for significant contracts, as would competitors 
who bring new technological innovation to market. Either 
could result in lost customers or opportunities for the 
Corporation, hindering growth and future profitability.

The Corporation also manages risk associated with 
innovation by monitoring technological developments 
and performing in-house research and development in 
order to remain at the forefront of technology in the 
industry.

Availability and
cost of raw
materials

General economic
conditions

The main raw materials purchased by the Corporation
are steel, aluminum and titanium. Supply and cost of
these materials can fluctuate due to factors outside of
the Corporation’s control. Difficulty in procuring raw
materials in sufficient quantities and in a timely fashion
or increases in the costs of these materials could have a
material adverse effect on Héroux-Devtek’s operations
and financial results.

While the aerospace and defence industries have proven
over the long-term to be relatively resilient in the face of
economic turmoil, they are not immune to short-term
downturns when market conditions take their toll on
customers. Such market conditions may be caused by
any number of factors, including but not limited to
political instability, terrorist activity, or natural disasters.
Such unfavourable conditions could negatively impact

which could lead the Corporation to incur significant
costs associated with temporary layoffs and termination.

Defence spending

Environmental
matters

Defence spending is approved by governments on a
yearly basis and is subject to political climates and
changing priorities. Austerity measures or shifts away
from defence spending on the part of a government,
particularly that of the United States, could lead to a
significant downward trend in demand for the
Corporation’s defence products.

The Corporation’s activities are subject to environmental
laws and regulations associated with risks to human
health and the environment. These laws and regulations
and potential related charges could have a significant
adverse effect on the Corporation’s operations and
financial condition.

The Corporation mitigates this risk with the inclusion of
clauses in certain long-term sales contracts which
govern the sharing of risks related to the availability and
cost of raw materials with customers. Héroux-Devtek
also negotiates long-term supply agreements for certain
raw materials and monitors the supply chain to ensure
timely delivery.

While such economic conditions are outside of the direct 
sphere of control of management, Héroux-Devtek 
indirectly manages this risk through maintaining a 
portfolio of customers and programs which is diversified 
both geographically and by market segment. This could 
decrease the overall impact of a downturn in any one of 
these segments on the Corporation as a whole.

This risk is further mitigated by continuous effort on the 
part of Héroux-Devtek to manage costs, capital and 
profitability in such a fashion as to maintain a healthy 
financial position, allowing for more resiliency in the 
event of unexpected downturns.

The Corporation’s diversified sales portfolio, including a
growing commercial product portfolio, defence programs
outside of the United States and balance between
manufacturing and aftermarket products and services
reduces the impact that a downward trend in defence
spending on the part of certain governments could have.

Héroux-Devtek manages this risk by putting in place 
management systems and policies in order to manage 
and monitor the environmental impact its operations may 
have.

In the event of an environmental incident which could 
lead to a larger loss, the Corporation also subscribes to 
insurance policies which may partially mitigate such 
losses.

44  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Héroux-Devtek makes use of certain derivative financial instruments as tools for risk management purposes in order to mitigate certain foreign 
exchange, interest rate or other price risks to which it is exposed. Management uses these derivatives within the guidelines laid out by the 
Corporation’s risk management policy. See the Risk Management section under Overview for further details of Héroux-Devtek’s risk management 
practices.

As at March 31, 2019, these derivative financial instruments are as follows:

Forward foreign exchange contracts

See Foreign Exchange under Overview for information about the Corporation’s exposure to foreign exchange risks as well as the derivative 
financial instruments used to mitigate it. See also note 32 to the Consolidated financial statements.

Cross-currency interest rate swaps

The acquisition of CESA exposed the Corporation to new foreign currency and interest rate risks related to the investment in Euros. A decrease 
in value of the Euro compared to the Canadian dollar would decrease the value of the foreign investment, and an increase in the interest rates 
of the underlying debt would increase related the net financial expenses.

As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation had entered into the following cross-currency interest rate swap agreements in order to mitigate foreign 
exchange and interest rate risks:

Notional

EURO equivalent

Interest rate

€ 25,000

€ 34,110

1.86 %

3.40 %

€ 15,000

Euribor 1 month + 1.74%

September 2018

€ 15,000

Euribor 1 month + 1.76%

November 2018

Inception

October 2017

October 2017

Maturity

May 2022

September 2025

May 2022

March 2020

US$

C$

US$

US$

29,370

50,000

17,523

17,100

Equity swap agreement

The Corporation’s net income is exposed to fluctuations of its share price through its DSUs and PSUs (see note 22 to the consolidated financial 
statements). In order to mitigate this exposure, the Corporation has entered into an equity swap agreement with a financial institution.

Pursuant to this agreement, upon settlement, the Corporation receives payment for any share price appreciation while providing payment to the 
financial institution for any share price depreciation. The net effect of the equity swap partly offsets movements in the Corporation’s share price   
which impacts the expense resulting from the DSUs and PSUs included in the Corporation’s selling and administrative expenses.

As at March 31, 2019, the equity swap agreement covered 245,000 common shares of the Corporation (150,000 at March 31, 2018) at a price 
of $12.68 ($11.45 at March 31, 2018). This agreement is a derivative that is not part of a designated hedging relationship and matures in June 
2020.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect 
the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the reporting date. Uncertainty 
about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require material adjustments to the Corporation’s financial results or the 
carrying amount of assets or liabilities. 

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  45

Key estimates and assumptions are as follows: 

Impairment of non-financial assets

Impairment exists when the carrying amount of an asset or cash generating unit (“CGU”) exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher 
of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. The fair value less costs to sell calculation is based on available data from binding sales 
transactions in an arm’s length transaction of similar assets and observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. The 
value in use calculation is based on a discounted cash flow model. The cash flows are derived from the Corporation’s five-year budget and 
strategic plan and do not include restructuring activities that the Corporation is not yet committed to or significant future investments that may 
enhance the performance of the CGU being tested. The recoverable amount is most sensitive to the discount rate used in the discounted cash 
flow model, the expected future cash flows and the perpetual growth rate used for extrapolation. The key assumptions used to determine the 
recoverable amount of the CGUs, including sensitivity analysis, are further explained in note 17 to the Consolidated financial statements. 

Deferred income tax assets

Uncertainties  exist  with  respect  to  the  interpretation  of  complex  tax  regulations  and  the  amount  and  timing  of  future  taxable  income. The 
Corporation establishes provisions based on reasonable estimates for possible consequences of audits by the tax authorities. The amount of 
such provisions is based on various factors, such as experience of previous tax audits and differing interpretations of tax regulations by the 
taxable entity and the responsible tax authority. 

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses and deductible temporary differences to the extent it is probable that taxable 
income will be available against which the losses and deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Management’s judgment is required to 
determine the amount of deferred income tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable income 
together with future tax planning strategies. 

Pensions and other retirement benefits

The cost of defined benefit pension plans is determined using actuarial valuations. The actuarial valuation involves making assumptions about 
discount rates, future salary increases and mortality rates. In determining appropriate discount rates, management considers the interest rates 
of high-quality corporate bonds. Due to the long-term nature of these plans, such estimates are subject to significant uncertainty. The significant 
assumptions used to determine the defined benefit obligations and the pension expense, including a sensitivity analysis, are further explained 
in note 25 to the Consolidated financial statements.

Capitalized development costs

Development costs are capitalized in accordance with the accounting policy described in note 3 to the Consolidated financial statements. In determining 
the amounts to be capitalized, management makes assumptions regarding the expected future cash generation of the assets, discount rates to be 
applied, the expected period of benefits and contract quantities. For purpose of impairment testing, the Corporation exercises judgment to identify 
the cash inflows and outflows. The recoverable amount is based on fair value less costs of disposal, generally determined using a discounted cash 
flow model. Other assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount include the applicable discount rate and the expected future cash flows 
which include costs to complete the development activities. 

Provisions

The Corporation has recorded provisions to cover cost exposures that could materialize in future periods. In determining the amount of the provisions, 
assumptions and estimates are made in relation to discount rates and the expected cost to settle such liabilities. 

Government Authorities Loans

The Corporation has outstanding loans with government authorities with variable repayment schedules. Annual repayments of these loans generally 
vary based on the sales of certain of the Corporation’s programs or segments. In order to account for the present value of these loans under the 
effective interest method, or for government assistance upon initial recognition, management must estimate the future sales growth of these programs 
or segments over the expected duration of the loan. These forecasts are used to determine effective interest rates and expected repayment schedules. 
In determining these amounts, management must rely on market rates of interest and assumptions such as, but not limited to, current and future 
order intake, industry order backlogs, Original Equipment Manufacturer (“OEM”) production rates, expected economic conditions, the stability of 
foreign exchange rates and the Corporation’s ability to deliver on key contract initiatives.

46  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

Customer Relationships
Customer relationships acquired in business acquisitions are considered intangible assets with finite lives. Their value was estimated upon 
acquisition using valuation methodologies which rely on many underlying assumptions, including:

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Expected future order intake;
Operational execution and cost management;
Stability of economical conditions, including foreign exchange rates;
Production rates;
Government spending.

They are recorded at cost less accumulated impairment and amortization and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives 
without exceeding 15 years.

INTERNAL CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

In  compliance  with  Regulation  52-109  respecting  Certification  of  Disclosure  in  Issuer’s Annual  and  Interim  Filings  (“Regulation  52-109”),  the 
Corporation has filed certifications signed by the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) that, among other things, 
report on disclosure controls and procedures and the design of internal controls over financial reporting.

Disclosure controls and procedures

The CEO and the CFO have designed disclosure controls and procedures, or have caused them to be designed under their supervision, to provide 
reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Corporation has been made known to them and has been properly disclosed in the 
interim and annual filings.

As at March 31, 2019, an evaluation of the design and effectiveness of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures was also carried out 
under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, as defined in Regulation 52-109. Based on this evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the design 
and operation of these disclosure controls and procedures were effective. This evaluation took into account the Corporation’s disclosure policy and 
its disclosure committee.

Internal controls over financial reporting

The CEO and CFO have also designed internal controls over financial reporting, or have caused them to be designed under their supervision, to 
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with IFRS.

As at March 31, 2019, an evaluation of the design and effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal controls over financial reporting was carried out 
under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, as defined in Regulation 52-109. Based on this evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the design 
and effectiveness of these internal controls over financial reporting were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the Corporation’s financial 
reporting is reliable and that the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with IFRS. However, a control system, 
no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.

As permitted by the Canadian Securities Administrators’ Regulation 52-109, management’s assessment and conclusion on the design of disclosure 
controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting exclude the controls, policies and procedures of Beaver and CESA, which 
were acquired respectively on July 2, 2018 and October 1, 2018. Those results are included in the March 31, 2019 consolidated annual financial 
statements of Héroux-Devtek and constituted approximately 34.6% of total assets as at March 31, 2019 and 18.3% of total revenues for the year 
ended March 31, 2019. Management expects that Beaver and CESA business acquisitions will be included in management's assessment and 
certification on the design of DCP and effectiveness ICFR by the second and third of fiscal 2020, respectively.

Changes in internal controls over financial reporting

No changes were made to the Corporation’s internal controls over financial reporting during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 that have materially 
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal controls over financial reporting.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  47

NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments 
In  July  2014,  the  IASB  issued  a  complete  and  final  version  of  IFRS  9  “Financial  Instruments”,  replacing  the  current  standard  on  financial 
instruments (IAS 39). IFRS 9 introduces a single, principle-based approach for the classification of financial assets, driven by the nature of cash 
flows and the business model in which an asset is held. IFRS 9 also provides guidance on an entity’s own credit risk relating to financial liabilities 
and has modified the hedge accounting model to align the economics of risk management with its accounting treatment. The standard results 
in a single expected loss impairment model rather than an incurred losses model.

The Corporation adopted IFRS 9 on April 1, 2018 and this adoption did not have a significant impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial 
statements. 

Initial recognition
At initial recognition, financial assets are classified either as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”), measured at amortized 
cost (“AC”) or fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”). The classification is based on two criteria: the Corporation’s business 
model for managing the assets; and whether the instruments’ contractual cash flows represent ‘solely payments of principal and interest’ on the 
principal amount outstanding (the “SPPI criterion”). The Corporation’s financial assets are held within a business model with the objective to 
hold the financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that meet the SPPI criterion are classified and subsequently measured at 
amortized cost. They consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and certain other current and long-term assets.

When financial assets are recognized initially, they are measured at fair value, plus in the case of a financial asset other than FVTPL, the directly 
attributable transaction costs. Purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the transaction date, which is the date that the Corporation 
commits to purchase or sell the assets. 

FVTPL
FVTPL include certain derivative financial instruments, except those that are designated as Hedges. FVTPL are carried at fair value with gains 
and losses recognized in the consolidated statements of income. The Corporation assesses whether embedded derivative financial instruments 
are required to be separated from host contracts when the Corporation first becomes party to the contract. 

AC
AC are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments not quoted in an active market. AC are mainly comprised of accounts 
receivable and certain other current and long-term assets. AC are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. An allowance 
for doubtful accounts is recorded when an account receivable become impaired. Also, under the forward-looking expected credit loss (“ECL”) 
approach, all financial assets, except for those measured at FVTPL, are subject to review for impairment at least at each reporting date. ECLs 
are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Corporation 
expects to receive. The shortfall is then discounted at an approximation to the asset’s original effective interest rate.

For accounts receivables, the Corporation has applied the standard’
expected credit losses and the amount was insignificant at March 31, 2019 and 2018.

s simplified approach and has calculated ECLs based on lifetime  

If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after 
the impairment was recognized, the previously recognized impairment loss is reversed by adjusting the allowance for doubtful accounts. Any 
subsequent reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

FVTOCI
These include cross-currency interest rate swap agreements that are used to hedge the net investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and 
forward foreign exchange contracts. They are carried at fair value. The change in the fair value of the effective portion of hedges is recognized 
in other comprehensive income, while the ineffective portion is recognized in the consolidated statements of income, if any. 

The Corporation assesses at each reporting date whether any financial asset is impaired.

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers 
In May 2014, the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) jointly issued IFRS 
15, a converged standard on the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. It supersedes the IASB’s current revenue recognition 
guidance including IAS 18 “Revenue”, IAS 11 “Construction Contracts”, and related interpretations. IFRS 15 provides a single principle based 
five step model to use when accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers.

On April 1, 2018, the Corporation adopted IFRS 15 using the full retrospective method and this adoption did not have a material impact on the 
Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  48

 
           
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of estimated discounts, and after eliminating intercompany 
sales. Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized in a manner that depicts the transfer of promised goods to a customer and at an amount 
that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring those goods. This is achieved by applying the following five 
steps:

1. Identify the contract with a customer;
2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract;
3. Determine the transaction price;
4. Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
5. Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation, which is generally achieved upon the delivery of 
the products.

Revenues from the sale of new or overhauled aerospace components are considered a single performance obligation and are recognized at 
the point in time when the customer has obtained control of the component and the Corporation has satisfied its performance obligation. Generally, 
these conditions are met upon delivery of the goods.

FUTURE CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The standard issued but not yet effective that may apply to the Corporation are the following:

IFRS 16 - Leases

In January 2016, the IASB released IFRS 16 - Leases. The new standard, which represents a major revision of the way in which companies 
account for leases, sets out the principles that both parties to a contract, i.e. the customer (“lessee”) and the supplier (“lessor”), apply to provide 
relevant information about leases in a manner that faithfully represents those transactions. To meet this objective, a lessee is required to recognize 
assets and liabilities arising from a lease, following a single model where previously leases were classified as either finance leases or operating 
leases. Most leases will be recognized on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheet. Certain exemptions will apply for short-term leases 
and leases of low-value assets. The Corporation anticipates the adoption of the IFRS will have an impact on the balance sheet and statement 
of income as all operating leases will be capitalized with a corresponding lease liability while the rent expense will be replaced by the amortization 
expense of the right to use the related assets and interest accretion expense from the liability recorded. 

The Corporation is required to apply this standard based on the full retrospective or modified retrospective (without restating comparative 
figures) approaches for its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2019. Many of the Corporation’s leases are already accounted for as finance leases 
on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheet. Certain operating leases will be required to be brought on balance sheet while others do not 
as they are covered by practical expedients. The Corporation has elected to apply the following practical expedients: 

• 

• 

Account for leases for which the remaining lease term ends within 12 months of the effective date as a short term lease; and  

Recognize short term leases and low value leases on a straight line basis as is the case currently under IAS 17, leases as part of the 
operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income. 

Upon the initial application of this standard on April 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach, the Corporation expects its opening 
assets (right-of-use assets) and liabilities (lease liabilities) to increase by an approximate amount of $15.0 million in its consolidated financial 
statements.  

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  49

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Selected financial information is as follows, for the quarters ended:

Fiscal year

Sales
Operating income
Adjusted operating income (1)
Adjusted EBITDA (1)
Net Income
Adjusted Net Income (1)
In dollars per share

Fourth
quarter

Fourth
quarter

Third
quarter

Second
quarter

2019
First
quarter

2018
First
quarter
$157,914 $144,528 $ 95,665 $ 85,770 $113,024 $ 97,006 $ 89,677 $ 86,857
5,408
5,408
11,940
4,027
4,027

6,629
7,238
13,563
626
5,690

15,190
16,208
25,910
11,958
12,794

11,904
13,973
22,883
7,390
9,367

6,697
12,089
19,369
5,858
10,439

5,289
6,165
13,176
3,294
4,405

4,857
5,217
12,244
3,552
3,786

4,644
5,590
12,032
3,163
4,057

Second
quarter

Third
quarter

Earnings per share - Basic & Diluted
Adjusted Earnings per share (1)

In millions of shares

Weighted average number of common diluted

shares outstanding

$

0.34 $
0.36

0.20 $
0.26

0.09 $
0.12

0.10 $
0.10

0.16 $
0.29

0.02 $
0.16

0.09 $
0.11

0.11
0.11

36.5

36.4

36.5

36.4

36.4

36.4

36.3

36.3

(1) Non-IFRS financial measure. Refer to the Non-IFRS financial measures section under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to the most 

comparable IFRS measures.

Seasonal trends

Héroux-Devtek’s first semester is usually slower than the last one due to seasonality such as plant shutdowns and summer vacations.

Selected financial information is as follows, for fiscal years:

Sales

Operating income

Adjusted operating income(1)

Adjusted EBITDA(1)

Net income

Adjusted net income(1)

Earnings per share ($) - basic and diluted

Adjusted earnings per share(1) ($)

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets
Long-term financial liabilities(2)

2019

2018

$

483,877

$

386,564

$

37,240

41,563

74,213

26,194

30,352

0.73

0.84

35,128

874,740
268,273

23,378

30,325

56,904

13,674

24,213

0.38

0.67

93,209

632,162
137,388

2017
406,536

35,552

35,880

61,448

31,768

26,353

0.88

0.73

42,456

607,286
138,257

(1) Non-IFRS financial measure. Refer to the Non-IFRS financial measures section under Operating Results for definitions and reconciliations to the most 

comparable IFRS measures.

(2) Represents long-term debt including the current portion, long-term derivative financial instruments, and the pension and other retirement benefit liabilities 

included in other liabilities.

50  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND CONTINUOUS DISCLOSURE

This MD&A was approved by the Audit Committee and by the Board of Directors on May 22, 2019. Additional information about the Corporation, 
including the Annual Information Form, can be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.com or on the Corporation’s website at www.herouxdevtek.com.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A  –  51

 
 
52  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 MD&A

CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F O R   T H E   F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   M A R C H   3 1 ,   2 0 1 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Note 8

Note 1

Note 2

Note 4

Note 7

Note 5

Note 3

Note 6

Management’s report .................................................................................................................................................................................
Independent Auditor’s report ....................................................................................................................................................................
Consolidated financial statements ...........................................................................................................................................................
Notes to the consolidated financial statements ......................................................................................................................................
Nature of activities and corporate information ........................................................................................................................
Basis of preparation ................................................................................................................................................................
Significant accounting policies ................................................................................................................................................
Significant accounting estimates and assumptions ................................................................................................................
Business acquisitions .............................................................................................................................................................
Sales and backlog ..................................................................................................................................................................
Government assistance ..........................................................................................................................................................
Cost of sales, selling and administrative expenses ................................................................................................................
Note 9
Net financial expenses (income) .............................................................................................................................................
Note 10 Non-recurring items ................................................................................................................................................................
Note 11 Earnings per share .................................................................................................................................................................
Note 12
Inventories ..............................................................................................................................................................................
Note 13 Derivative financial instruments ..............................................................................................................................................
Note 14 Other assets ...........................................................................................................................................................................
Note 15 Property, plant and equipment ................................................................................................................................................
Note 16 Finite-life intangible assets .....................................................................................................................................................
Note 17 Goodwill ..................................................................................................................................................................................
Note 18 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities ................................................................................................................................
Note 19 Provisions ...............................................................................................................................................................................
Note 20
Long-term debt .......................................................................................................................................................................
Note 21 Other liabilities ........................................................................................................................................................................
Note 22
.........................................................................................................................................................................
Note 23 Accumulated other comprehensive income ............................................................................................................................
Income taxes ..........................................................................................................................................................................
Note 24
Note 25 Pension and other retirement benefit plans ............................................................................................................................
Note 26 Commitments .........................................................................................................................................................................
Note 27 Contingencies .........................................................................................................................................................................
Note 28 Net change in non-cash items ................................................................................................................................................
Note 29 Geographic information ..........................................................................................................................................................
Note 30 Executive compensation .........................................................................................................................................................
Note 31 Financial instruments ..............................................................................................................................................................
Note 32 Financial risk management .....................................................................................................................................................
Note 33 Capital risk management ........................................................................................................................................................

Issued capital

55

56

58

63

63

63

64

73

74

75

76

76

76

77

77

77

78

78

79

80

81

82

82

83

85

85

87

87

89

92

92

93
93

93

94

94

97

54  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  and  Management  Discussion  and  Analysis  (“MD&A”)  of  Héroux-Devtek  Inc.  (the 
“Corporation”) are the responsibility of management and have been reviewed and approved by its Board of Directors. The accompanying 
consolidated financial statements have been prepared by management in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). 
The MD&A has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Canadian securities regulators. The consolidated financial statements 
and MD&A include items that are based on best estimates and judgments of the expected effects of current events and transactions. Management 
has determined such items on a reasonable basis in order to ensure that the consolidated financial statements and MD&A are presented fairly 
in all material respects. All figures presented in these consolidated financial statements are expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars unless 
otherwise indicated.

Héroux-Devtek Inc.’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) have designed internal controls over financial reporting 
(“ICFR”) and disclosure controls and procedures (“DC&P”), or have caused them to be designed under their supervision, to provide reasonable 
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting, the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with IFRS and that material information related to the Corporation has been made known to them and has been properly disclosed in the 
accompanying consolidated financial statements and MD&A. Héroux-Devtek Inc.’s CEO and CFO have also evaluated the effectiveness of such 
ICFR and DC&P as of the end of fiscal year 2019. As of March 31, 2019, management has concluded that the ICFR and DC&P effectively 
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external 
purposes in accordance with IFRS and that material information related to the Corporation has been disclosed in the consolidated financial 
statements and MD&A. Also, based on this assessment, the CEO and the CFO determined that there were no material weaknesses in the ICFR 
and DC&P. However, due to their inherent limitation, certain misstatements may not be prevented or detected by ICFR.

Management’s assessment and conclusion on the design of ICFR and DC&P excludes the controls, policies and procedures of Beaver and 
CESA which were acquired respectively 9 months and 6 months prior to the Corporation’s fiscal year-end. Their results since their respective 
acquisition dates are included in the March 31, 2019, consolidated financial statements of Héroux-Devtek and constituted approximately 34.6%
of total assets as of March 31, 2019, and approximately 18.3% of revenue for the year then ended. See Note 5 to the consolidated financial 
statements for a description of these acquisitions.

Héroux-Devtek Inc.’s CEO and CFO have provided a certification related to Héroux-Devtek Inc.’s annual disclosure documents to the Canadian 
Securities Administrators in accordance with Regulation 52-109, including the consolidated financial statements and MD&A.

The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that management fulfills its responsibilities for financial reporting and is ultimately responsible 
for reviewing and approving the consolidated financial statements and MD&A. The Board of Directors carries out this responsibility principally 
through its Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is appointed by the Board of Directors and consists entirely of independent and financially 
literate directors.

The Audit Committee meets periodically with management, as well as with the external auditors, to review the consolidated financial statements, 
the external auditors’ report, MD&A, auditing matters and financial reporting issues, to discuss ICFR and DC&P, and to satisfy itself that each 
party is properly discharging its responsibilities. In addition, the Audit Committee has the duty to review the appropriateness of the accounting 
policies and significant estimates and judgments underlying the consolidated financial statements as presented by management, and to review 
and make recommendations to the Board of Directors with respect to the fees of the external auditors. The Audit Committee reports its findings 
to the Board of Directors for its consideration when it approves the consolidated financial statements and MD&A for issuance to Shareholders.

The consolidated financial statements have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, the external auditors, in accordance with Canadian generally 
accepted auditing standards on behalf of the Shareholders. The external auditors have full and free access to the Audit Committee to discuss 
their audit and related matters.

Gilles Labbé, FCPA, FCA
President and Chief Executive Officer

May 22, 2019

Stéphane Arsenault, CPA, CA
Chief Financial Officer

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  55

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC. 

Opinion

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Héroux-Devtek Inc. and its subsidiaries (the Group), which comprise the consolidated 
balance sheets as at March 31, 2019 and 2018, and the consolidated statements of income, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, 
consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended, and notes to 
the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of 
the Group as at March 31, 2019 and 2018, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the years then ended 
in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). 

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our responsibilities under those standards are 
further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report.  We are independent 
of the Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada, and 
we have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Other information

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises:

•  Management’s Discussion and Analysis
• 

The information, other than the consolidated financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon, in the Annual Report

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information, and in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

We obtained Management’s Discussion & Analysis prior to the date of this auditor’s report. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude 
that there is a material misstatement of this other information; we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of the auditor’s report. If based on the work we will perform on this other 
information, we conclude there is a material misstatement of other information, we are required to report that fact to those charged with governance.

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Consolidated Financial Statement

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS, and for 
such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, 
disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends 
to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process.

56  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of 
assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards will always detect 
a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements.

As  part  of  an  audit  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards,  we  exercise  professional  judgment  and  maintain 
professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design 
and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis 
for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as 
fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 
Obtain  an  understanding  of  internal  control  relevant  to  the  audit  in  order  to  design  audit  procedures  that  are  appropriate  in  the 
circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control. 
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures 
made by management.
Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence 
obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability 
to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s 
report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. 
Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions 
may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern. 
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure, and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether 
the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. 
Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group 
to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of 
the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant 
audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We  also  provide  those  charged  with  governance  with  a  statement  that  we  have  complied  with  relevant  ethical  requirements  regarding 
independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, 
and where applicable, related safeguards.

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Wajih Chemali.

Ernst & Young, LLP
Montréal, Québec
May 22, 2019

_____________________________________________
1 CPA Auditor, CA, public accountancy permit no. A121006

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  57

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands of Canadian dollars)

As at

Assets
Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable
Income tax receivable
Inventories
Derivative financial instruments
Other current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net
Finite-life intangible assets, net
Derivative financial instruments
Deferred income tax assets
Goodwill
Other long-term assets
Total assets

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Provisions
Customers advances and progress billings
Income tax payable
Derivative financial instruments
Current portion of long-term debt

Long-term debt
Provisions
Derivative financial instruments
Deferred income tax liabilities
Other liabilities

Shareholders’ equity
Issued capital
Contributed surplus
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Retained earnings

Total equity attributable to the equity holders of the parent

Non-controlling interests

Total liability and shareholder’s equity
Commitments and Contingencies (notes 26 and 27)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

On behalf of the Board of Directors

Notes

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

20

12
13
14

7, 15
7, 16
13
24
17
14

18
19

13
20

20
19
13
24
21

22

23

$

$

$

$

35,128
115,431
2,393
184,035
783
26,697
364,467

227,954
69,377
5,816
14,575
185,637
6,914
874,740

117,990
27,820
21,919
1,911
2,134
15,066
186,840

245,240
16,789
1,317
7,479
12,977
470,642

79,676
4,707
10,502
307,101
401,986
2,112
404,098
874,740

$

$

$

$

93,209
73,469
1,412
134,327
1,776
6,456
310,649

179,503
35,856
3,421
7,388
91,137
4,208
632,162

67,591
16,869
15,522
3,023
389
5,356
108,750

125,685
5,921
2,389
3,767
6,616
253,128

78,105
4,227
14,217
282,485
379,034
—
379,034
632,162

Louis Morin

Director

Gilles Labbé

Director

58  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data)

For the fiscal years ended March 31,

Notes

2019

2018

Sales

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling and administrative expenses

Non-recurring items

Operating income

Net financial expenses

Income before income tax expense

Income tax expense

Net income

Attributable to:

Equity holders of the parent

Non-controlling interests

5, 6, 29

$

483,877

$

7, 8, 12

400,681

7, 8

10

9, 10

10, 24

83,196

41,633

4,323

37,240

6,811

30,429

4,235

26,194

$

26,447

(253)

26,194

0.73

$

$

$

$

$

386,564

325,288

61,276

30,951

6,947

23,378

2,537

20,841

7,167

13,674

13,674

—

13,674

0.38

Earnings per share – basic and diluted

11

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  59

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE 
INCOME 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars)

For the fiscal years ended March 31,

Notes

2019

2018

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Items that may be reclassified to net income

Gains (losses) arising from translating the financial statements of foreign operations

Cash flow hedges:

Net gains (losses) on valuation of derivative financial instruments

Net losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments transferred to net income

Deferred income taxes

Gains (losses) on hedges of net investments in foreign operations

Deferred income taxes

Items that are never reclassified to net income

Defined benefit pension plans:

Gains (losses) from remeasurement

Deferred income taxes

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income

Attributable to:

Equity holders of the parent

Non-controlling interests

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

23

23

23

25

$

(850) $

5,860

(3,362)

906

660

(1,796)
(1,221)

152

(1,069)

(2,487)

656

(1,831)

4,450

(3,704)

(201)

545
1,701

(187)

1,514

261

(68)

193

$

$

$

$

(5,546) $

8,112

26,194

(5,546)

20,648

$

$

20,901

(253)

20,648

$

13,674

8,112

21,786

21,786

—

21,786

60  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN 
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands of Canadian dollars)

Notes

23

22

5

22

Balance as at March 31, 2018
Common shares:

Issued under the stock purchase
and ownership incentive plan

Issued under the stock option plan

Business acquisition

Stock-based compensation expense

Net income (loss)

Other comprehensive loss

Balance as at March 31, 2019

Issued
capital
$ 78,105

Contributed
surplus
4,227

$

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
14,217

$

Retained
earnings

$ 282,485

Total equity
attributable
to the equity
holders of
the parent
$ 379,034

Non-
Controlling
interests

Total
Shareholders
’ equity
— $ 379,034

$

470

1,101

—

—

—

—

(402)

—

882

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
$ 79,676

$

—
4,707

$

(3,715)
10,502

—

—

—

—

470

699

—

882

26,447

(1,831)

26,447

(5,546)

$ 307,101

$ 401,986

$

—

—

2,365

—

(253)

—
2,112

470

699

2,365

882

26,194

(5,546)

$ 404,098

Balance as at March 31, 2017
Common shares:

Issued under the stock purchase and
ownership incentive plan

Issued under the stock option plan

Stock-based compensation expense

Net income

Other comprehensive income

Balance as at March 31, 2018

Notes

23

22

22

Issued
capital

Contributed
surplus

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income

Retained
earnings

Shareholders’
equity

$

77,217

$

3,735

$

6,298

$

268,618

$

355,868

590

298

—

—

—

(116)

608

—

—

—

—

—

—
78,105

$

$

—
4,227

$

7,919
14,217

$

—

—

—

590

182

608

13,674

193
282,485

$

13,674

8,112
379,034

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  61

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars)

For the fiscal years ended March 31,

Notes

2019

2018

Cash and cash equivalents provided by (used for):
Operating activities

Net income

Items not requiring an outlay of cash:

Amortization expense

Deferred income taxes

Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant and equipment and software
Write-down of property, plant and equipment

Non-cash net financial expenses

Stock-based compensation expense

Cash flows from operations

Net change in non-cash items

Cash flows related to operating activities

Investing activities

Cash payment for business acquisitions

Net additions to property, plant and equipment

Net decrease in finite-life intangible assets

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Cash flows related to investing activities

Financing activities

Increase of long-term debt

Repayment of long-term debt

Issuance of common shares

Increase in deferred financing cost

Cash flows related to financing activities

Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

Change in cash and cash equivalents during the year

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

Interest and income taxes reflected in operating activities:

Interest paid

Interest received

Income taxes paid

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

62  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

$

26,194

$

13,674

15, 16
24

10, 15

9

22

28

5

15
16

5

20

22

32,650

(2,019)

(8)

—

2,697

882

60,396

9,573

69,969

(198,149)

(12,858)
2,353

35

(208,619)

117,883

(36,198)

1,169

(2,534)

80,320
249

(58,081)

93,209

35,128

4,914

800

5,965

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

26,579

67

52

886

758

608

42,624

13,498

56,122

—

(9,930)

4,761

173

(4,996)

3,821

(4,634)

772

(524)

(565)
192

50,753

42,456

93,209

2,359

580

5,282

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data)

NOTE 1. NATURE OF ACTIVITIES AND CORPORATE INFORMATION

Héroux-Devtek Inc. is incorporated under the laws of Québec. Its head office is domiciled at Complexe St-Charles, 1111 St-Charles Street West, 
suite 600, West Tower, Longueuil (Québec), Canada. Héroux-Devtek Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Héroux-Devtek” or the “Corporation”) specialize 
in the design, development, manufacture, repair and overhaul of aircraft landing gear, hydraulic and electromechanical flight control actuators, 
custom ball screws and fracture-critical components. 

The Corporation operates as one reporting segment, which is the Aerospace segment.

The Corporation's common shares are traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol "HRX".

NOTE 2. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for derivative financial instruments, which are 
measured at fair value, provisions, which are measured based on the best estimates of the expenditures required to settle the obligation and 
the pension benefit obligations, which are measured at the present value of the defined benefit obligations and reduced by the fair value of plan 
assets.

Statement of compliance
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued 
by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and were approved for issue by the Board of Directors of the Corporation on May 22, 
2019. 

Reclassification of prior year presentation
Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform to the March 31, 2019 presentation. These relate to the combination of Customer 
advances and Progress billings under the same caption on the consolidated balance sheet.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Héroux-Devtek Inc. and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned, except 
for Tekalia Inc. where the Corporation holds a 60% controlling interest. The principal wholly-owned subsidiaries included in these consolidated 
financial statements are the following:

Name
Devtek Aerospace Inc.

HDI Landing Gear USA Inc.

APPH Limited

Beaver Aerospace & Defense Inc.

Compañia Española de Sistemas Aeronauticos S.A.

Location
Canada

United States

United Kingdom

United States

Spain

Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date of acquisition, being the date on which the Corporation obtains control, and continue to be consolidated 
until the date that such control ceases.  Control is achieved when the Corporation has power over the investee; is exposed, or has rights, to 
variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and ability to use its power to affect its returns. The Corporation reassesses whether or 
not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of these three elements of control. Changes 
in the Corporation’s ownership interest in subsidiaries that do not result in a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions.

The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the consideration paid, measured at acquisition date fair value and the amount of 
any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. For each business combination, the Corporation measures the non-controlling interests in the 
acquiree either at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquiree’s net identifiable assets.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  63

 
The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as Héroux-Devtek Inc., using consistent accounting 
policies.

All inter-company transactions and account balances are eliminated in full.

NOTE 3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A.  Foreign currency

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars. Each entity in the Corporation accounts for transactions in its own 
functional currency and items included in the consolidated financial statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency.

The functional currency of Héroux-Devtek and of the Canadian operations is the Canadian dollar. The functional currency of the U.S. operations 
is the U.S. dollar, the functional currency of the U.K operations is the British pound and the functional currency of Spain operations is the Euro. 
The functional currency is the currency that is representative of an operation’s primary economic environment.

Conversion of transactions and account balances 
Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency rate of exchange at the date of the transactions. 
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency rate of exchange at the reporting date. 
All differences are included in the consolidated statements of income. 

Non-monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate at the date of the transactions. 

Translation of financial statements of foreign operations
Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into Canadian dollars at the rate of exchange at the reporting date and the statements 
of income are translated at the average exchange rate for the fiscal year. Exchange differences arising from the translation are recognized in 
other comprehensive income and remain in accumulated other comprehensive income until the disposal of the related net investment, at which 
time they are recognized in the consolidated statements of income. 

B.  Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash. 

C.  Inventories

Inventories include raw materials, direct labour and related manufacturing overhead costs. 

Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods which are valued at the lower of cost (unit cost method except for 
certain raw materials that are valued at the weighted average cost method) and net realizable value.

The unit cost method is the cost method under which the actual production costs are charged to each unit produced and recognized in the 
consolidated statements of income as the unit is delivered. Estimates of net realizable value are based on the most reliable evidence available 
of the amount for which the inventories are expected to be realized. These estimates take into consideration fluctuations of price or cost directly 
relating to events occurring after the end of the reporting period to the extent that such events confirm conditions existing at the end of the 
reporting period.

D.  Property, plant and equipment

Assets acquired
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any (see H). Such cost 
may include the cost of replacing a major part of the property, plant and equipment and, in this situation, the carrying amount of the replaced 
part is derecognized. Cost also includes borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset 
(see F).

64  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

Buildings and leasehold improvements - 5 to 50 years,

Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset as follows:
• 
•  Machinery and equipment - 3 to 25 years,
• 

Tooling related to specific contracts - based on pre-determined contract quantities, not exceeding the lower of ten years or the useful life. 
Contract quantities are assessed at the beginning of the production stage considering, among other factors, existing firm orders and options. 
The Corporation’s management conducts quarterly and annual reviews of the contract quantities,
Standard and general tooling - 3 to 5 years,
Automotive equipment - 3 to 10 years,
Computer and office equipment - 3 to 5 years.

• 
• 
• 

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or 
disposal. The gain or loss on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the net carrying 
amount of the asset) is included in the consolidated statements of income in the fiscal year the asset is derecognized. The asset’s residual 
value, useful life and method of amortization are reviewed and adjusted annually at year-end, or when warranted by specific circumstances.

The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of the asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the 
recognition criteria for a provision are met. Refer to section L of this note and note 4 - Significant accounting estimates and assumptions for 
further information about provisions for asset retirement obligations.

Assets leased
The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date, whether 
the fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset.

A lease is classified as a finance lease if it transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Corporation. A finance 
lease is capitalized at the inception of the lease at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease 
payments, computed by using the implicit interest rate of the lease contract. Lease payments are apportioned between interest expense and 
the reduction of the lease obligation. Interest expense is reflected in the consolidated statements of income. Capitalized leased assets are 
accounted for in the categories of property, plant and equipment corresponding to their nature. Capitalized leased assets are amortized over 
the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Corporation will obtain ownership 
by the end of the lease term.

A lease is classified as an operating lease if it does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership. Operating lease 
payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the related lease term.

E.  Finite-life intangible assets

Finite-life intangible assets include capitalized development costs, customer relationships and contracts and software. They are measured at 
cost upon initial recognition. The cost of intangible assets acquired in a business combination is the fair value at the date of acquisition. Following 
initial recognition, they are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any.

Finite-life intangible assets are amortized over the useful life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible 
asset may be impaired. The amortization period and method for finite-life intangible assets are reviewed at each fiscal year-end or when warranted 
by specific circumstances. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits associated 
with finite-life intangible assets are accounted for as changes in accounting estimates. 

The gain or loss arising from derecognition of an intangible asset is measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the net 
carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

Development costs
Development costs of an individual sales contract are capitalized as an intangible asset when the Corporation can demonstrate: 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale;
its intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it;
its ability to use or sell the asset;
how the asset will generate future economic benefits;
the availability of resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset; and, 
the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development phase.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  65

Capitalized development costs (design engineering, manufacturing engineering costs and other related costs) related to sales contracts are 
amortized based on predetermined expected quantities to be sold. They are presented net of related government assistance and amounts 
contributed by customers.

The expected quantities to be sold are established based on management’s assessment at the beginning of the production stage for each 
contract, taking into consideration, among other factors, existing firm orders and options. The Corporation’s management conducts quarterly 
reviews as well as a detailed annual review in the fourth quarter of the contract quantities, its capitalized development costs and their recoverability.

Following  initial  recognition  of  capitalized  development  costs  as  an  asset,  the  asset  is  carried  at  cost  less  accumulated  amortization  and 
accumulated impairment losses, if any. Amortization begins when development is complete and the asset is available for use. Usually, the 
development phase represents a period of 4 to 7 years. During the period of development, the asset is tested for impairment annually.

Customer relationships and contracts
Customer relationships and contracts are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related customer relationship 
and contracts, which represents a period of up to 15 years. 

Software
Software is amortized over 3 to 7 years. 

F.  Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are recognized as an expense when incurred, except when they are capitalized as part of the cost of a qualifying asset. Borrowing 
costs are capitalized when the Corporation:
incurs expenditures for the asset;
• 
incurs borrowing costs; and
• 
undertakes activities that are necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use or sale, to the extent that these activities are performed 
• 
over a period exceeding the normal operating cycle of the Corporation (12 months).

Conversely, the Corporation ceases capitalizing borrowing costs when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the qualifying asset 
for its intended use or sale are completed.

G.  Business combinations and goodwill

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method.

The cost of a business combination is measured as the fair value of assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities assumed at the date 
of acquisition. Identifiable assets acquired, liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed are measured initially at fair value at the date of acquisition. 
Acquisition-related costs associated with the business combinations are expensed as incurred.

After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses, if any. For the purpose of impairment testing, 
goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the Corporation’s cash generating units (“CGU”) 
or group of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the 
acquiree are assigned to those units. A CGU is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent 
of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets.

Where goodwill forms part of a CGU and part of the operation within that unit is disposed of, the goodwill associated with the operation disposed 
of is included in the carrying amount of the operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal of the operation. Goodwill disposed of in 
this circumstance is measured based on the relative values of the operation disposed of and the portion of the CGU retained.

H.  Impairment of goodwill and other non-financial assets

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually on March 31 or when warranted by specific circumstances. A prior year’s impairment test may be 
used in the annual impairment test when specific criteria are met. Impairment is determined by assessing the recoverable amount of the CGU 
to which the goodwill relates. A CGU’s recoverable amount is the higher of a CGU’s fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The 
Corporation uses the discounted cash flow method to estimate value in use, consisting of future cash flows derived from the most recent budget 
and strategic plan, which cover five years, approved by the Corporation’s management and Board of Directors. These future cash flows consider 
each CGU’s past performance, market share, economic trends, specific and market industry trends and corporate strategies. A perpetual growth 
rate is used for cash flows beyond this five-year period. The perpetual growth rate is determined with regard to the specific markets in which 
the CGU participates. The discount rate used by the Corporation for cash flows is a pre-tax rate based on the weighted-average cost of capital 
pertaining to each CGU, which reflects the current market assessment of (i) the time value of money, and (ii) the risks specific to the assets. 

66  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

Where the recoverable amount of the CGU is less than its carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized. Impairment losses relating to 
goodwill cannot be reversed in future periods. 

For non-financial assets other than goodwill, the Corporation assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that the carrying 
amount may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Corporation estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount 
is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use and is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does 
not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. If the asset does not generate cash inflows 
that are largely independent of those from other assets or group of assets, the recoverable amount is determined by reference to the CGU’s 
value in use. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written-down to 
its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount 
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs 
to sell, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples or other available fair value indicators.

For non-financial assets other than goodwill, a previously recognized impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimated 
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. That increased amount cannot exceed the carrying amount that would have 
been determined, net of accumulated amortization, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such a reversal is 
recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

I.  Financial assets

In July  2014,  the IASB issued  a  complete  and final  version  of  IFRS 9  “Financial  Instruments”,  replacing  the  current  standard  on financial 
instruments (IAS 39). IFRS 9 introduces a single, principle-based approach for the classification of financial assets, driven by the nature of cash 
flows and the business model in which an asset is held. IFRS 9 also provides guidance on an entity’s own credit risk relating to financial liabilities 
and has modified the hedge accounting model to align the economics of risk management with its accounting treatment. The standard results 
in a single expected loss impairment model rather than an incurred losses model.

The Corporation adopted IFRS 9 retrospectively on April 1, 2018 and this adoption did not have a significant impact on the Corporation’s 
consolidated financial statements and no restatement of comparative figures were made. 

Initial recognition
At initial recognition, financial assets are classified either as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”), measured at amortized 
cost (“AC”) or fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”). The classification is based on two criteria: the Corporation’s business 
model for managing the assets; and whether the instruments’ contractual cash flows represent ‘solely payments of principal and interest’ on the 
principal amount outstanding (the “SPPI criterion”). The Corporation’s financial assets are held within a business model with the objective to 
hold the financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that meet the SPPI criterion are classified and subsequently measured at 
amortized cost. They consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and certain other current and long-term assets.

When financial assets are recognized initially, they are measured at fair value, plus in the case of a financial asset other than FVTPL, the directly 
attributable transaction costs. Purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the transaction date, which is the date that the Corporation 
commits to purchase or sell the assets. 

FVTPL
FVTPL include certain derivative financial instruments, except those that are designated as Hedges. FVTPL are carried at fair value with gains 
and losses recognized in the consolidated statements of income. The Corporation assesses whether embedded derivative financial instruments 
are required to be separated from host contracts when the Corporation first becomes party to the contract. 

AC
AC are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments not quoted in an active market. AC are mainly comprised of accounts 
receivable and certain other current and long-term assets. AC are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. An allowance 
for doubtful accounts is recorded when an account receivable become impaired. Also, under the forward-looking expected credit loss (“ECL”) 
approach, all financial assets, except for those measured at FVTPL, are subject to review for impairment at least at each reporting date. ECLs 
are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Corporation 
expects to receive. The shortfall is then discounted at an approximation to the asset’s original effective interest rate.

For accounts receivables, the Corporation has applied the standard’
expected credit losses and the amount was insignificant at March 31, 2019 and 2018.

s simplified approach and has calculated ECLs based on lifetime  

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  67

           
If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after 
the impairment was recognized, the previously recognized impairment loss is reversed by adjusting the allowance for doubtful accounts. Any 
subsequent reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

FVTOCI
These include cross-currency interest rate swap agreements that are used to hedge the net investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and 
forward foreign exchange contracts. They are carried at fair value. The change in the fair value of the effective portion of hedges is recognized 
in other comprehensive income, while the ineffective portion is recognized in the consolidated statements of income, if any. 

The Corporation assesses at each reporting date whether any financial asset is impaired.

J.  Financial liabilities

Liabilities at fair value
Financial liabilities classified at FVTPL are comprised of derivative financial instruments, except those that are designated as FVTOCI. They 
are carried at fair value with gains and losses recognized in the consolidated statements of income. Gains and losses on FVTOCI are recognized 
in other comprehensive income.

Amortized costs
All debts, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, provisions and certain other liabilities are initially recognized at fair value less directly attributable 
transaction costs when they have not been designated as FVTPL.

After initial recognition, they are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

Derecognition of financial liabilities
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation underlying the liability is discharged, cancelled or has expired. 

K.  Derivative financial instruments and hedges 

Derivative financial instruments
The Corporation uses derivative financial instruments such as forward foreign exchange contracts, cross-currency interest rate swap agreements 
and equity swap agreements to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency, interest rate and other price fluctuations. Such derivative 
financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into. They are subsequently 
measured at fair value. Derivative financial instruments are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities 
when the fair value is negative.

Cash flow hedges 
For the purpose of hedge accounting, all hedges are classified as cash flow hedges except for hedges of net investments in foreign operations 
(see below). Hedging exposure to variability in cash flows is attributable to a risk associated with a recognized liability or a highly probable 
forecast transaction in foreign currency. 

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Corporation formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Corporation 
wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation includes 
identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the entity will assess the 
hedging instrument’s effectiveness. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in cash flows and are 
assessed quarterly to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the designated periods.

The change in the fair value of the effective portion of hedges is recognized in other comprehensive income, while the ineffective portion is 
recognized in the consolidated statements of income. Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income are transferred to the consolidated 
statements of income when the hedged transaction affects income, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognized 
or when a forecast sale occurs. In the event that the forecast transaction or firm commitment is no longer expected to occur, amounts previously 
recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income are transferred to the consolidated statements of income.

Hedges of net investments in foreign operations
The Corporation designates certain long-term debt as a hedge of its net investments in foreign operations. The portion of gains or losses from 
the hedging item that is determined to be an effective hedge is recognized in other comprehensive income, while the ineffective portion is 
recorded in the consolidated statements of income. The amounts recognized in other comprehensive income are reclassified in the consolidated 
statements of income upon disposal of the related net investments.

68  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

L.  Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present obligation (legal or constructive) 1) as a result of a past event; 2) when it is more 
probable than not that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; and, 3) when a reliable 
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The expense relating to any provision is accounted for in the consolidated statements of 
income, net of any reimbursement.

If the known expected settlement date exceeds twelve months from the date of recognition, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax 
interest rate that reflects the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is 
recognized as a financial expense. Provisions are reviewed periodically and adjusted as appropriate.

Onerous contracts
These represent anticipated negative margins on sales contracts in progress or in the funded backlog (firm customer purchase orders).

Asset retirement obligations
The  Corporation’s  asset  retirement  obligations  mainly  consist  of  environmental  rehabilitation  costs  related  to  one  of  the  Corporation’s 
manufacturing sites in Canada. The present value of these obligations is measured in the year in which they are identified and when a reasonable 
estimate of their present value can be made. The present value of the obligations is determined as the sum of the estimated discounted future 
cash flows of the costs associated with the legal obligations for future rehabilitation. These asset retirement costs are capitalized as part of the 
property,  plant  and  equipment  and  amortized  over  the  relevant  assets’  useful  lives. The  discount  fluctuation  is  expensed  as  incurred  and 
recognized in the consolidated statements of income as financial expenses. The estimated future costs of decommissioning are reviewed 
annually and adjusted as appropriate. Changes in the estimated future costs are recognized in the consolidated statements of income as changes 
occur.

Product warranty
This provision covers the cost of known or anticipated defects on products under terms of warranties.

Litigations and other
Due to the nature of its business activities including the purchase or sale of businesses, the Corporation is exposed to the risks of technical and 
business litigations. On the basis of information at its disposal at the reporting date, the Corporation carried out a review of the financial risks 
to which the Corporation could be exposed. The recorded provision covers the risks associated with these litigations. 

Restructuring provisions are recognized when the Corporation has put in place a detailed restructuring plan which has been communicated in 
sufficient detail to create a constructive obligation. Restructuring provisions include only costs directly related to the restructuring plan, and are 
measured at the best estimate of the amount required to settle the Corporation’s obligations.

M.  Progress billings

Progress billings represent amounts received from customers for costs incurred on specific contracts. These amounts are reversed to sales at 
such time as the related units are delivered and billed to customers.

N.  Deferred financing costs

Deferred financing costs related to long-term debt are amortized using the effective interest rate method over the period that represents the 
duration of the related long-term debt.

O.  Pensions and other retirement benefits

The Corporation has defined contribution pension plans as well as funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans that provide pension 
benefits to its employees. The current and past service costs of these pension plans are recorded within the cost of sales and selling and 
administrative expenses under “Employee costs” in the consolidated statements of income while the administrative costs related to these pension 
plans are included in selling and administrative expenses. The net interest income or expense on the net surplus or deficit is recorded in financial 
expenses.

The actuarial determination of the defined benefit obligations for pensions uses the projected unit credit method which incorporates management’s 
best estimate of future salary levels, when applicable, other cost escalations, retirement ages of employees, discount rates and other actuarial 
factors. 

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  69

The Pension and other retirement benefit plans liabilities included in Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets represent the present 
value of the defined benefit obligations reduced by the fair value of plan assets.

Remeasurements on defined benefit plans include actuarial gains and losses, changes in the effect of the asset ceiling and the return on plan 
assets, excluding the amount included in net interest on the net defined liability or assets.  Remeasurements are charged or credited to other 
comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.

Past service costs arising from the plan amendments are recognized in full immediately in the consolidated statements of income.

P.  Share-based payments

Stock option plan
The Corporation has a stock option plan in which options to purchase common shares are issued to officers and key employees. The Corporation 
uses a binomial valuation model to determine the fair value of stock options when granted. The resulting fair value is amortized to income over 
their earned period using the graded amortization method. The related compensation expense is included in selling and administrative expenses 
and its counterpart is accounted for in contributed surplus. 

Stock purchase and ownership incentive plan
The Corporation has a stock purchase and ownership incentive plan allowing key members of management to purchase, by payroll deductions 
of a maximum of 10% of their annual base salary, to a number of common shares of the Corporation on the TSE. The Corporation matches a 
portion of such employee contributions in the form of additional common shares acquired on the TSE at market price. The Corporation’s matching 
award cannot exceed 5.25% of the employee’s annual base salary. Common shares purchased by the Corporation on behalf of the employee 
are accounted for in selling and administrative expenses.

Deferred share unit (“DSU”) plan
The Corporation has a DSU plan under which rights are issued to its non-employee directors. The DSU enables the participants to receive 
compensation at the end of their mandate as a member of the Board of Directors, representing a cash amount equal to one time the quoted 
price of the Corporation’s common share for each DSU.

These DSUs are expensed on an earned basis, their value is equal to that of the underlying shares and is remeasured at each reporting period. 
Each director can also elect, each fiscal year, to have up to 100% of his director’s annual retainer fees converted into DSUs. These DSUs vest 
over a one-year period. The related compensation expense is included in selling and administrative expenses and its counterpart is accounted 
for in accounts payable and accrued liabilities until the DSUs are exercised and paid at the end of each director’s mandate.

Performance share unit (“PSU”) plan
The Corporation has a PSU plan as part of the incentive plan for management and key employees. PSUs vest over a period of three years. The 
PSU enables the participants to receive compensation at the expiry or termination date representing a cash amount equal to the quoted price 
of the Corporation’s common share for each PSU vested, conditional on the achievement of certain financial targets.

PSUs are expensed on an earned basis, their value is equal to that of the underlying shares and is remeasured at each reporting period.
The related compensation expense is included in selling and administrative expenses and its counterpart is accounted for in accounts payable 
and accrued liabilities until the PSUs are paid or cancelled at the expiry or termination date.

Q.  Revenue recognition

In May 2014, the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) jointly issued IFRS 
15, a converged standard on the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. It supersedes the IASB’s current revenue recognition 
guidance including IAS 18 “Revenue”, IAS 11 “Construction Contracts”, and related interpretations. IFRS 15 provides a single principle based 
five step model to use when accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers.

On April 1, 2018, the Corporation adopted IFRS 15 using the full retrospective method and this adoption did not have a material impact on the 
Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

70  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of estimated discounts, and after eliminating intercompany 
sales. Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized in a manner that depicts the transfer of promised goods to a customer and at an amount 
that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring those goods. This is achieved by applying the following five 
steps:

1. Identify the contract with a customer;
2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract;
3. Determine the transaction price;
4. Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
5. Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation, which is generally achieved upon the delivery of 
the products.

Revenues from the sale of new or overhauled aerospace components are considered a single performance obligation and are recognized at 
the point in time when the customer has obtained control of the component and the Corporation has satisfied its performance obligation. Generally, 
these conditions are met upon delivery of the goods.

R.  Government assistance

Government assistance, which mainly includes investment and other tax credits, grants and the discount portion of the governmental authorities 
loans, is recognized when there is reasonable assurance that it will be received and all related conditions will be complied with. When the 
government assistance relates to an expense item, it is recognized as a reduction of expense over the period necessary to match the government 
assistance on a systematic basis to the costs that it is intended to subsidize. Where government assistance relates to an asset, it is deducted 
from the cost of the related asset. 

Forgivable loans from governmental authorities are accounted for as government assistance when there is reasonable assurance that the entity 
will meet the terms for forgiveness of the loan.

Benefits derived from government authority loans with below-market interest rates are measured at the inception of the loans as the difference 
between the cash received and the amount at which the loans are initially recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. At initial recognition, 
the fair value of a loan with a below-market rate of interest is estimated at the present value of all future cash disbursements, discounted using 
a prevailing market rate of interest for a similar instrument with a similar credit rating. 

After initial recognition, the loan is accounted for as a financial liability measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Repayments 
are mainly based on the Corporations sales growth, or sales of specific programs. Assumptions underlying expected sales are reviewed at least 
annually, and are used to derive expected repayment schedules. When expected repayment schedule changes, the Corporation recalculates 
the carrying value of the loan using the original effective interest rate, with the corresponding gain or loss accounted for in financial expenses. 

S.  Taxes

Current income tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax 
rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Current income tax 
relating to items recognized directly in shareholders’ equity is recognized in shareholders’ equity and not in the consolidated statements of 
income or in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Deferred income tax
Deferred income tax is provided for using the liability method on temporary differences at the reporting date between the tax basis of assets 
and liabilities and their carrying  amounts for financial reporting purposes. Deferred income  tax assets  and liabilities  are recognized  for all 
deductible and taxable temporary differences, except:
• 

where the deferred income tax asset or liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liability in a transaction that 
is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting income or loss nor taxable income or loss;
in respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, where the timing of the reversal of the temporary 
differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

• 

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  71

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for all other deductible temporary differences, carry forward or unused tax credits and unused tax 
losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable income will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry 
forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each 
reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the 
deferred income tax assets to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred income tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date. Deferred income 
tax assets and liabilities are measured at the income tax rates that are expected to apply to the fiscal year when the asset is realized or the 
liability is settled, based on income tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred 
income tax relating to items recognized directly in shareholders’ equity is recognized directly in shareholders’ equity and not in the consolidated 
statements of income or in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset if a legally 
enforceable right exists to set off current income tax assets against current income tax liabilities and the deferred income taxes relate to the 
same taxable entity and the same taxation authority. All deferred income tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current.

Sales tax
Sales, expenses and assets are recognized net of the amount of sales tax, except where the sales tax incurred on a purchase of assets or 
services is not recoverable from the taxation authorities, in which case the sales tax is recognized as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset 
or as part of the expense item as applicable.

Receivables and payables are stated with the amount of sales tax included, if applicable.

The net amount of sales tax recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of other current assets or accounts payable 
and accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.

T.  Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share is computed based on net income attributable to equity holders of the Corporation. It is also determined 
using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. The calculation of diluted earnings per share takes into 
consideration the exercise of all dilutive elements. This method assumes that the proceeds of the Corporation’s in-the-money stock options 
would be used to purchase common shares at the average market price during the year.

U.  Future changes in accounting policies

IFRS 16 - Leases
In January 2016, the IASB released IFRS 16 - Leases. The new standard, which represents a major revision of the way in which companies 
account for leases, sets out the principles that both parties to a contract, i.e. the customer (“lessee”) and the supplier (“lessor”), apply to provide 
relevant information about leases in a manner that faithfully represents those transactions. To meet this objective, a lessee is required to recognize 
assets and liabilities arising from a lease, following a single model where previously leases were classified as either finance leases or operating 
leases. Most leases will be recognized on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheet. Certain exemptions will apply for short-term leases 
and leases of low-value assets. The Corporation anticipates the adoption of the IFRS will have an impact on the balance sheet and statement 
of income as all operating leases will be capitalized with a corresponding lease liability while the rent expense will be replaced by the amortization 
expense of the right to use the related assets and interest accretion expense from the liability recorded.  

The Corporation is required to apply this standard based on the full retrospective or modified retrospective (without restating comparative figures) 
approaches for its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2019. Many of the Corporation’s leases are already accounted for as finance leases on the 
Corporation’s consolidated balance sheet. Certain operating leases will be required to be brought on balance sheet while others do not as they 
are covered by practical expedients. The Corporation has elected to apply the following practical expedients:  

• 

• 

Account for leases for which the remaining lease term ends within 12 months of the effective date as a short term lease; and  

Recognize short term leases and low value leases on a straight line basis as is the case currently under IAS 17, leases as part of the 
operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income. 

Upon the initial application of this standard on April 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach, the Corporation expects its opening 
assets (right-of-use assets) and liabilities (lease liabilities) to increase by an approximate amount of $15.0 million in its consolidated financial 
statements.  

72  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

NOTE 4. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

The preparation of the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect 
the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the reporting date. Uncertainty 
about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require material adjustments to the Corporation’s financial results or the 
carrying amount of assets or liabilities. 

Key estimates and assumptions are as follows: 

Impairment of non-financial assets

A. 
Impairment exists when the carrying amount of an asset or cash generating unit (“CGU”) exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher 
of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. The fair value less costs to sell calculation is based on available data from binding sales 
transactions in an arm’s length transaction of similar assets and observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. The 
value in use calculation is based on a discounted cash flow model. The cash flows are derived from the Corporation’s five-year budget and 
strategic plan and do not include restructuring activities that the Corporation is not yet committed to or significant future investments that may 
enhance the performance of the CGU being tested. The recoverable amount is most sensitive to the discount rate used in the discounted cash 
flow model, the expected future cash flows and the perpetual growth rate used for extrapolation. The key assumptions used to determine the 
recoverable amount of the CGUs, including sensitivity analysis, are further explained in note 17. 

B.  Deferred income tax assets
Uncertainties  exist  with  respect  to  the  interpretation  of  complex  tax  regulations  and  the  amount  and  timing  of  future  taxable  income. The 
Corporation establishes provisions based on reasonable estimates for possible consequences of audits by the tax authorities. The amount of 
such provisions is based on various factors, such as experience of previous tax audits and differing interpretations of tax regulations by the 
taxable entity and the responsible tax authority. 

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses and deductible temporary differences to the extent it is probable that taxable 
income will be available against which the losses and deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Management’s judgment is required to 
determine the amount of deferred income tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable income 
together with future tax planning strategies. 

C.  Pensions and other retirement benefits
The cost of defined benefit pension plans is determined using actuarial valuations. The actuarial valuation involves making assumptions about 
discount rates, future salary increases and mortality rates. In determining appropriate discount rates, management considers the interest rates 
of high-quality corporate bonds. Due to the long-term nature of these plans, such estimates are subject to significant uncertainty. The significant 
assumptions used to determine the defined benefit obligations and the pension expense, including a sensitivity analysis, are further explained 
in note 25.

D.  Capitalized development costs
Development costs are capitalized in accordance with the accounting policy described in note 3. In determining the amounts to be capitalized, 
management makes assumptions regarding the expected future cash generation of the assets, discount rates to be applied, the expected period 
of benefits and contract quantities. For purpose of impairment testing, the Corporation exercises judgment to identify the cash inflows and 
outflows. The recoverable amount is based on fair value less costs of disposal, generally determined using a discounted cash flow model. Other 
assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount include the applicable discount rate and the expected future cash flows which include 
costs to complete the development activities. 

E.  Provisions
The Corporation has recorded provisions to cover cost exposures that could materialize in future periods. In determining the amount of the 
provisions, assumptions and estimates are made in relation to discount rates and the expected cost to settle such liabilities. 

F.  Government authorities loans
The Corporation has outstanding loans with government authorities with variable repayment schedules. Annual repayments of these loans 
generally vary based on the sales of certain of the Corporation’s programs or segments. In order to account for the present value of these loans 
under the effective interest method, or for government assistance upon initial recognition, management must estimate the future sales growth 
of these programs or segments over the expected duration of the loan. These forecasts are used to determine effective interest rates and 
expected repayment schedules. In determining these amounts, management must rely on market rates of interest and assumptions such as, 
but not limited to, current and future order intake, industry order backlogs, Original Equipment Manufacturer (“OEM”) production rates, expected 
economic conditions, the stability of foreign exchange rates and the Corporation’s ability to deliver on key contract initiatives. 

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  73

G.  Customer relationships
Customer relationships acquired in business acquisitions are considered intangible assets with finite lives. Their value was estimated upon 
acquisition using valuation methodologies which rely on many underlying assumptions, including:

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Expected future order intake;
Operational execution and cost management;
Stability of economical conditions, including foreign exchange rates;
Production rates;
Government spending.

They are recorded at cost less accumulated impairment and amortization and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives 
without exceeding 15 years.

NOTE 5. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS

Acquisition of CESA
On October 1, 2018, the Corporation completed the acquisition of all the shares of Compañia Española de Sistemas Aeronauticos S.A. ("CESA"), 
a subsidiary of Airbus SE, for €130,370 ($195,816). Headquartered in Madrid, Spain, CESA is a leading European provider of fluid mechanical 
and electromechanical systems for the aerospace industry. This acquisition allows the Corporation to broaden its existing aerospace and product 
offering into actuation, landing gear, and hydraulic systems. The transaction was treated as a business combination.

The acquisition of CESA was financed as follows:

A $50,000, seven-year unsecured subordinated term loan provided by the Fonds de solidarité FTQ;
A US$50,000 ($65,205) drawing on the Corporation’s credit facility; and,
The Corporation’s available cash balance.

In addition, the Corporation assumed CESA’s net outstanding debt amounting to approximately €23,697 ($35,594) upon closing.
For the period between October 1, 2018 and March 31, 2019, the Corporation’s consolidated sales and net income included €42,086 ($63,519) 
and €2,674 ($4,047), respectively, generated by CESA. If the acquisition had closed on April 1, 2018, the consolidated sales and net income of 
CESA would have amounted to $117,277 and $2,806, respectively for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.

This transaction exposes the Corporation to new foreign exchange and interest rate risks. Refer to note 32 for further information on these risks 
and how they are being mitigated. 

Acquisition of Beaver
On July 2, 2018, the Corporation completed the acquisition of all the shares of Beaver Aerospace & Defense Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidary 
PowerTHRU Inc. ("Beaver") from Phillips Service Industries Inc. for a purchase price of US$21,617 ($28,466). This price includes a working 
capital adjustment received in April 2019 of US$295 ($388) and a US$3,500 ($4,609) balance of sale payable over the next two years which 
bears interests at 3%. The transaction was financed through the Corporation’s cash and was treated as a business combination. This acquisition 
allows the Corporation to broaden its existing aerospace and product offering into ball screws and actuation systems as well as expand its 
footprint in North America.

For the period between July 2, 2018 and March 31, 2019, the Corporation's consolidated sales and net income included US$18,871 ($24,839) 
and US$1,395 ($1,828), generated by Beaver, respectively. If the acquisition had closed on April 1, 2018, the consolidated sales and net income 
of Beaver would have amounted to $33,223 and $2,243, respectively.

Acquisition of Tekalia
On January 23, 2019, the Corporation completed the acquisition of 60% of the shares of Tekalia Aeronautik (2010) Inc. (“Tekalia”), a supplier of 
surface treatment services to the aerospace sector, with annual sales of approximately $12,000, for a purchase price of $6,529. The transaction 
was financed through the Corporation’s cash and was treated as a business combination. The acquisition of Tekalia allows the Corporation to 
further secure surface treatment capacity to support its North American customers’ growth.

In connection with these acquisitions, the Corporation incurred acquisition-related costs which are presented in note 10. 

74  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

 
 
 
 
Purchase Prices
The purchase prices and the preliminary purchase price allocations that reflects the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with 
any excess allocated to goodwill were determined using the acquisition method as follows:

Cash payment
Long-term debt assumed
Working capital adjustment receivable
Balance of purchase price payable
Total purchase price for the Corporation’s interest
Non-controlling interests

Purchase Price Allocations

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Income tax receivable
Other current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Finite-life intangible assets
Deferred income tax assets
Other long-term assets - Tax credits receivable
Total identifiable assets

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Provisions
Customer advances and progress billings

Provisions
Deferred income tax liabilities
Other liabilities - long-term accounts payable
Total identifiable liabilities

Net identifiable assets and liabilities
Goodwill
Total purchase price

CESA
$ 170,930 $
35,594
(10,708)
—

$ 195,816 $

—

$ 195,816 $

Beaver
23,671 $
574
(388)
4,609
28,466 $
—
28,466 $

Tekalia

Total
3,548 $ 198,149
39,149
2,981
(11,096)
—
4,609
—
6,529 $ 230,811
2,365
2,365
8,894 $ 233,176

Beaver

Tekalia

$

CESA
28,293 $
36,692
505
596
66,086

44,923
40,407
—
7,843

$ 159,259 $

16,773
11,897
4,188
32,858

6,787 $
10,165
—
50
17,002

3,635
4,050
2,774
—
27,461 $

2,588
2,118
450
5,156

2,406 $
1,105
—
182
3,693

Total
37,486
47,962
505
828
86,781

8,566
176
—
—

57,124
44,633
2,774
7,843
12,435 $ 199,155

4,833
—
—
4,833

24,194
14,015
4,638
42,847

12,857
3,465
4,365
63,534

4,308
3,465
4,365
44,996 $

8,549
—
—
13,705 $

$

—
—
—
4,833 $

114,263
81,553
$ 195,816 $

13,756
14,710
28,466 $

135,621
7,602
1,292
97,555
8,894 $ 233,176

The purchase price allocations of CESA and Tekalia are preliminary. The purchase price of CESA is subject to final working capital adjustments. 
In the case of Tekalia, due to the limited time between the date of acquisition and the approval date of the consolidated financial statements by 
the Corporation’s Board of Directors, management is in the process of gathering all the information necessary to finalize it. Accordingly, the final 
purchase price allocations could result in changes to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 

NOTE 6. SALES AND BACKLOG 

The amount of sales recognized in the following sectors was as follow for fiscal year:

Commercial

Defense
Total sales

2019

236,283

247,594
483,877

$

$

2018

195,101

191,463
386,564

$

$

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  75

The Corporation’s backlog represents the aggregate amount of the revenues expected to be realized within a period of 24 months, from partially 
or fully unsatisfied performance obligations as at March 31, 2019 as we perform under contracts at delivery. The amounts in backlog include 
only the value of firm orders. Such orders may be subject to future modifications that might impact the amount and/or timing of revenue recognition. 
At March 31, 2019, the Corporation had a backlog of $623,925.

NOTE 7. GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE

Government assistance deducted from the cost of the related assets or recognized as a reduction of expenses, was as follows, for fiscal year:

Finite-life intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment

Cost of sales and, selling and administrative expenses

Government assistance includes research and development tax credits, other credits and grants.

NOTE 8. COST OF SALES, SELLING AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

The main components of these expenses were as follows, for fiscal year:

Raw materials and purchased parts

Employee costs

Amortization of property, plant and equipment and finite-life intangible assets (notes 15, 16)
Others

2019

1,125

$

497

3,903

2018

332

619

1,929

2019

179,395

$

154,406

32,650

75,863

2018

140,361

126,292

26,579

63,007

442,314

$

356,239

$

$

$

Foreign exchange gains or losses resulting from the translation of net monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are included in the 
Corporation’s selling and administrative expenses. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the foreign exchange gain amounted to $718 
($148 in 2018).

NOTE 9. NET FINANCIAL EXPENSES

Net financial expenses comprise the following, for fiscal year:

Interest accretion on governmental authorities loans

Net losses on certain derivative financial instruments (note 10)
Revision of governmental authorities loans repayment estimates (note 20)

Interest on net defined benefit obligations (note 25)

Amortization of deferred financing costs

Other non-cash financial expenses (income)

Non-cash net financial expenses

Interest expense

Net gains on certain derivative financial instruments (note 10)

Standby fees

Interest income on cash and cash equivalents

2019

2,361

$

391

(1,036)

150

505

326

2,697

4,461

—

453
(800)
6,811

$

2018

2,300

344

(1,834)

153

238

(443)

758

2,299

(255)

315
(580)
2,537

$

$

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  76

NOTE 10. NON-RECURRING ITEMS

Non-recurring items comprise the following, for fiscal year:

Non-recurring items in operating income

Acquisition-related costs

Restructuring charges

Non-recurring items in net financial expenses (income)

Net losses on certain derivative financial instruments

Non-recurring items in income tax expense

Impact of US Tax Reform

2019

4,323

$

— $

4,323

391

391

$

$

$

— $

— $

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2018

1,957

4,990

6,947

89

89

4,912

4,912

Acquisition-related costs
These costs mainly pertain to professional fees and expenses related to the acquisitions of CESA, Beaver and Tekalia.

Restructuring charges
In March 2018, the Corporation announced workforce adjustments of about 60 employees at its Longueuil facility following the non-renewal of 
the USAF contract. These adjustments along with other costs related to the decrease in volume resulted in restructuring charges totaling $4,990
accounted for during fiscal 2018 fourth quarter, including termination benefits of $2,729 and other costs related to the reduction in volume totaling 
$2,261. The unpaid portion of these restructuring charges amounted to $304 as at March 31, 2019 ($2,545 as at March 31, 2018) is included 
in other liabilities and short-term provisions on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheet. Refer to note 19, under caption Other.

Net losses on certain derivative financial instruments
These losses relate to derivative financial instruments acquired in order to mitigate foreign currency and interest rate risks arising from the 
purchase price and financing related to the acquisition of CESA. Refer to the Derivatives section under Additional Information below for further 
details.

Impact of US Tax Reform
This one-time tax expense of $4,912 recorded during fiscal 2018 is related to the US Tax Reform enacted on December 22, 2017.

NOTE 11. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the elements used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share, for fiscal year:

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding

Effect of dilutive stock options of the Corporation

Weighted-average number of common diluted shares outstanding

Options excluded from diluted earnings per share calculation(1)

(1) Excluded from diluted earnings per share calculation due to anti-dilutive impact.

NOTE 12. INVENTORIES

As at

Raw materials

Work-in-progress

Finished goods

2019
36,307,708
129,344

36,437,052

526,500

2018
36,154,272
177,342

36,331,614

356,500

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
$

97,976

$

84,752

1,307

$

184,035

$

62,902
69,118

2,307

134,327

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  77

The amount of inventories recognized as cost of sales for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 is $333,917 ($267,753 in 2018). 

Reserves related to inventories are as follows, for fiscal year:

Reserves recognized as cost of sales

Reversal of prior-period reserves

$

2019

8,118

$

9,116

2018

7,312

13,639

For fiscal year 2019, the reversal of prior-period reserves includes charges of $1,705 ($5,568 in 2018) for products delivered or written-off during 
the year for which a net realizable value reserve was recorded in prior years with no effect on income. It also includes the results from the 
revaluation,  at  each  reporting  date,  of  the  net  realizable  value  of  inventories,  based  on  related  sales  contracts  and  production  costs. The 
revaluation takes into consideration the variations in selling price and number of units to deliver for contracts signed and also the reduction in 
production costs resulting from improvements in manufacturing processes.

NOTE 13. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

As at

Current Assets

Forward foreign exchange contracts

Cross-currency interest rate swap agreements

Long-term Assets

Forward foreign exchange contracts

Cross-currency interest rate swap agreements

Equity swap agreements

Current Liabilities

Forward foreign exchange contracts

Interest rate swap agreements

Long-term Liabilities

Forward foreign exchange contracts

Cross-currency interest-rate swap agreements

NOTE 14. OTHER ASSETS

As at

Working capital adjustment receivable (note 5)

Investment and other tax credits receivable

Prepaid expenses

Sales tax receivable

Others
Other current assets

Tax credits receivable

Others

Other long-term assets

78  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

399

384

783

190

1,735

3,891

5,816

2,134

—
2,134

1,317

—

1,317

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,776

—

1,776

1,172

—

2,249

3,421

382

7
389

76

2,313

2,389

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
—

10,695

$

$

6,366

5,171

3,415

1,050

26,697

$

6,914

—

6,914

$

$

$

523
3,614

1,676

643

6,456
3,165

1,043

4,208

NOTE 15. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Buildings and
leasehold
improvements

Machinery,
equipment
and tooling

Land

Other

Construction
in progress

Total

Cost:

As at March 31, 2018

$ 6,500

$

90,089

$

235,411

$

14,574

$

Additions

Business acquisitions

Government assistance (note 7)

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

124

12,487

—

—

(82)

1,981

22,622

(23)

(10)

1,097

10,845

19,380

(420)

(1,157)

4,626

2,127

1,568

(54)

(94)

100

2,308
(1,201)

1,067

—

7

(48)

$

348,882

13,876

57,124

(497)

(1,254)

5,693

As at March 31, 2019

$ 19,029

$

115,756

$

268,685

$

18,221

$

2,133

$

423,824

Accumulated amortization:

As at March 31, 2018

Amortization expense

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

$

— $
—
—

—

As at March 31, 2019

Net book value as at March 31, 2019

$

— $

$ 19,029

$

29,432
4,638
(6)

285

34,349

81,407

$

$

$

130,981
17,636
(1,128)

3,022

150,511

118,174

$

$

$

8,966
2,079
(93)

58

11,010

7,211

$

$

$

— $
—

—

—

— $

2,133

$

Buildings and
leasehold
improvements

Machinery,
equipment
and tooling

Land

Other

Construction
in progress

Cost:

As at March 31, 2017

$ 6,502

$

90,553

$

233,182

$

14,607

$

Additions

Government assistance (note 7)

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

—

—

—

(2)

1,034

(15)

(1,018)

(465)

10,984

(557)

(7,078)

(1,120)

1,299

(47)

(1,244)

(41)

$

4,915
(2,626)

—

—

19

169,379
24,353
(1,227)

3,365

195,870

227,954

Total

349,759

10,691

(619)

(9,340)

(1,609)

As at March 31, 2018

$ 6,500

$

90,089

$

235,411

$

14,574

$

2,308

$

348,882

Accumulated amortization:

As at March 31, 2017

Amortization expense

Write-down (note 10)

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

$

— $

26,769

$

121,797

$

—

—

—

—

3,770

—

(1,005)

(102)

15,234

886

(6,979)

43

$

8,346

1,811

—

(1,169)

(22)

— $
—

—

—

—

As at March 31, 2018

Net book value as at March 31, 2018

$

— $

$ 6,500

$

29,432

60,657

$

$

130,981

104,430

$

$

8,966

5,608

$

$

— $

2,308

$

156,912

20,815

886

(9,153)

(81)

169,379

179,503

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  79

Additions to property, plant and equipment shown above can be reconciled as follows, for fiscal year:

Gross additions

Government assistance (note 7)

Additions to property, plant and equipment

Variation in unpaid additions included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities at year-end

Additions, as per statements of cash flows

2019

13,876

$

(497)

13,379

(521)

12,858

$

2018

10,691

(619)

10,072

(142)

9,930

$

$

As at March 31, 2019, cost of machinery, equipment and tooling includes assets acquired through finance leases amounting to $40,716 ($40,151
as at March 31, 2018) with accumulated amortization of $10,006 ($6,847 as at March 31, 2018).

As at March 31, 2019 and 2018, construction in progress included mainly the cost related to machinery and equipment. As at March 31, 2019, 
the cost of property, plant and equipment still in use and fully depreciated is $91,109 ($87,188 as at March 31, 2018).

NOTE 16. FINITE-LIFE INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Cost:

As at March 31, 2018

Additions

Business acquisitions

Customers funding

Government assistance (note 7)

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

As at March 31, 2019

Accumulated amortization:

As at March 31, 2018

Amortization expense

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

As at March 31, 2019

Net book value as at March 31, 2019

$

$

$

$

$

Capitalized
development costs

Customer
relationships and
contracts

Software

31,160

$

18,641

$

25,404

$

3,165

—

(7,142)

(1,046)

—

219

26,356

11,493

948

—

25

12,466

13,890

$

$

$

$

2,749

1,693

—

(79)

(480)

(612)

21,912

14,152

2,226

(480)

(120)

15,778

6,134

$

$

$

$

—

42,940

—

—

—

(258)

68,086

13,704

5,124

—

(95)

18,733

49,353

$

$

$

$

Total

75,205

5,914

44,633

(7,142)

(1,125)

(480)

(651)

116,354

39,349

8,298

(480)

(190)

46,977

69,377

80  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

Capitalized
development costs

Customer
relationships and
contracts

Software

37,073

$

17,773

$

23,918

$

1,053

(7,005)

—

—

39

31,160

10,907

586

—

—

11,493

19,667

$

$

$

$

1,523

—

(332)

(520)

197

18,641

12,902

1,683

(482)

49

14,152

4,489

$

$

$

$

—

—

—

—

1,486

25,404

9,488

3,495

—

721

13,704

11,700

$

$

$

$

Total

78,764

2,576

(7,005)

(332)

(520)

1,722

75,205

33,297

5,764

(482)

770

39,349

35,856

Cost:

As at March 31, 2017

Additions

Customers funding

Government assistance (note 7)

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

As at March 31, 2018

Accumulated amortization:

As at March 31, 2017

Amortization expense

Retirements and disposals

Effect of changes in exchange rates

As at March 31, 2018

Net book value as at March 31, 2018

$

$

$

$

$

NOTE 17. GOODWILL

Goodwill varied as follows, during fiscal year:

Balance at beginning of the year
Business acquisitions
Effect of changes in exchange rates
Balance, end of year

2019
91,137
97,555
(3,055)
185,637

$

$

$

$

2018
86,049
—
5,088
91,137

March 31, 2019
67,561
$
65,041
53,035
185,637

$

The net carrying amount of goodwill was allocated to the following CGUs, as at:

North America
U.K.
Spain
Goodwill

The following key assumptions were used to determine recoverable amounts for the impairment tests performed as at March 31, 2019:

North America
U.K.
Spain

Pre-tax discount rate

Perpetual growth rate

13.1%
13.6%
14.1%

2.8%
2.8%
2.8%

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  81

Sensitivity of recoverable amounts
The following table presents, for each CGU, the change in the discount rate or in the perpetual growth rate used in the most recently performed 
tests that would have been required to recover the carrying amount of the CGU as at March 31, 2019:

North America
U.K.

Spain

Incremental increase 
in pre-tax discount rate
3.1%
6.7%

Incremental decrease in
perpetual growth rate
4.8%
12.9%

0.8%

2.4%

NOTE 18. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

As at
Trade payables (1)
Accrued liabilities (2)
Other
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

(1)  Trade payables are normally settled on 30 to 60 day terms.
(2)  Accrued liabilities mainly include employees-related liabilities.

NOTE 19.  PROVISIONS

$

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
41,645
$
23,412
2,534
67,591

76,749
37,403
3,838
117,990

$

$

As at March 31, 2018

Arising during the year

Business acquisitions (note 5)

Interest accretion expense
Utilized

Reversed

Discount rate adjustment
Effect of changes in exchange rates

As at March 31, 2019
Less: current portion

Long-term portion

Onerous
contracts
243

$

Asset
retirement
obligations
5,770
$

Product
warranty

Other
(note 26)

$

7,456

$

9,321

$

355

14,088

—

(2,300)

(2)

—

54
12,438
5,644

6,794

$

$

$

$

—

—

174

—

—

152

—
6,096

—
6,096

$

$

1,052

6,925

—

(1,567)

(1,029)

—

(187)
12,650

9,113
3,537

$

$

1,869

5,859

—

(2,642)

(821)

—

(161)
13,425

13,063
362

$

$

Total

22,790

3,276

26,872

174

(6,509)

(1,852)

152

(294)
44,609

27,820
16,789

82  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

NOTE 20. LONG-TERM DEBT

As at

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

Senior Secured Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility

$

94,877

$

Governmental authorities loans

Unsecured Subordinated Term Loan Facility

Obligations under finance leases

Balance of sale related to a business acquisition (note 5)

Other (1)
Deferred financing costs, net

Less: current portion
Long-term debt

(1) Other relates to secured loans contracted by a subsidiary

Senior Secured Syndicated Revolving Credit Facility (“Revolving Facility“)
The relevant terms and drawings on the Credit Facility are as follows:

As at

Limit, in Canadian, US$, Euro or British Pound equivalent (1)

US$ Drawings

Amount

Rate

Effective rate

89,701

50,000

20,411

4,677

3,592
(2,952)
260,306
15,066
245,240

$

$

54,155

52,540

—

25,269

—

—
(923)
131,041
5,356
125,685

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

$

250,000

$

200,000

US$

71,000

US$

42,000

Libor + 2.0% Libor + 1.125%

4.5%

3.0%

(1) Includes an accordion feature to increase the Credit Facility up to $350 million during the term of the credit agreement, subject to lenders’ approval.

On September 24, 2018, the Corporation reached an agreement with its syndicate of banks to increase the Revolving Facility's limit from $200,000 
to $250,000. Most of the other terms remained unchanged. Financing costs totaling $1,699 were deferred and are amortized over the term of 
the related loans using the effective interest rate method. The Credit Facility is secured by essentially all assets of the Corporation and its 
subsidiaries and matures on May 24, 2022.

Governmental authorities loans
Governmental authorities loans represent government assistance for the purchase of certain equipment or tooling, for the modernization or 
additions to the Corporation’s facilities or for development costs capitalized or expensed for aerospace programs. They were granted as incentives 
under Canadian federal and provincial or Spanish industrial programs to promote industry development.

These loans have varying terms governing the timing and amount to be refund. Repayments, when not on a fixed schedule, are either based 
on sales of specific programs or the growth in sales of all or certain of Héroux-Devtek’s product lines and bear no or below-market interest rate.

They are measured at a discounted value using a corresponding market rate of interest each time they are received, and the related discount 
is accreted to income using the effective interest rate method and included in the consolidated statements of income as financial expense.

Assumptions underlying loan repayments are reviewed at least annually. As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation updated the estimated repayment 
schedule of its government authorities loans, taking into account revised assumptions mainly related to sales forecasts. This resulted in a non-
cash gain of $1,036 ($1,834 in fiscal 2018), which was included in Net financial expenses (income) (see note 9).

The effective interest rates for these loans were in the range of 0.0% to 6.6% as at March 31, 2019 (2.5% to 7.2% as at March 31, 2018). 

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  83

 
Unsecured Subordinated Term Loan Facility (“Term Loan”)
On September 24, 2018, the Corporation signed an unsecured subordinated term loan facility with Fonds de Solidarité FTQ for an amount of 
up to $75,000. The facility consists of a $50,000 term loan related to the acquisition of CESA (see Note 5) and additional financing available 
until September 30, 2020, of up to $25,000 subject to certain conditions. The initial $50,000 loan was drawn on September 25, 2018, bears 
interest at 5.7% and is repayable at maturity on September 30, 2025. Starting on September 30, 2021, the Corporation will have the option to 
make early repayments subject to certain fees. Financing costs totaling $835 were deferred and are amortized over the term of the related loans 
using the effective interest rate method. 

Obligations under finance leases (“Finance Leases”)
Obligations under finance leases bear fixed interest rates between 2.4% and 5.0% as at March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, maturing from 
July 2019 to December 2023, with amortization periods of approximately seven years, secured by the related property, plant and equipment, 
net of interest of $1,351 ($1,928 as at March 31, 2018).

Covenants
Long-term debt is subject to certain general and financial covenants related, among others, indebtedness, cash flows and equity of the Corporation 
and/or certain subsidiaries. The Corporation complied with all covenants as at March 31, 2019.

Minimum repayments
Minimum repayments of long-term debt during the next five years are as follows:

Fiscal years
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Beyond 5 years

Sub-Total
Less: Interest
Debt balance (1)

Revolving
Facility
4,269
4,269
4,269
95,589
—
—

108,396
13,519
94,877

$

$

Governmental
authorities loans
6,780
7,820
9,345
11,014
10,924
64,783

110,666
20,965
89,701

$

$

Term Loan
2,850
2,850
2,850
2,850
2,850
54,975

69,225
19,225
50,000

$

$

$

$

Finance
Leases
6,007
5,746
5,439
3,350
1,220
—

21,762
1,351
20,411

$

$

Other (2)
3,306
3,203
694
590
208
1,622

9,623
1,354
8,269

$

$

Total
23,212
23,888
22,597
113,393
15,202
121,380

319,672
56,414
263,258

(1)  Before net deferred financing costs.
(2) Includes the balance of sales related to a business acquisition.

The following table presents reconciliation between the opening and closing balances for the Long-term debt. 

Long-term debt, at beginning of the fiscal year

Increase in long-term debt
Repayment of long-term debt

Debt acquired through business acquisitions (note 5)

Amortization of deferred financing costs (note 9) 
Fees incurred to amend or renew the Credit Facility

Interest accretion and adjustments on governmental authorities loans (note 9)
Effects of fluctuations in exchange rates

March 31, 2019

March 31, 2018

$

131,041

$

134,139

117,883
(36,198)

43,758

505

(2,534)

1,325

4,526

3,821
(4,634)

—

238

(524)

466

(2,465)

131,041

Long-term debt, at end of the fiscal year

$

260,306

$

84  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

NOTE 21. OTHER LIABILITIES

As at

Net defined benefit obligations (note 25)
Customer advances
Deferred revenue
Progress billings
Other
Other Liabilities

NOTE 22. ISSUED CAPITAL

$

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
3,958
$
—
2,639
19
—
6,616

6,650
2,050
1,468
863
1,946
12,977

$

$

Authorized
Voting common shares, without par value
First preferred shares, issuable in series, without par value
Second preferred shares, issuable in series, without par value

No preferred shares are outstanding.

Variations in common shares issued and fully paid were as follows, for fiscal year:

Unlimited
Unlimited
Unlimited

Balance, beginning of year

Issued for cash on exercise of stock options

Issued for cash under the stock purchase and ownership incentive

plan

Balance, end of year

Stock-based compensation

Number

36,218,572

$

107,450

36,188

36,362,210

$

2019
Issued 
capital
78,105

1,101

470

79,676

Number

36,122,050

$

48,750

47,772

2018
Issued
capital
77,217

298

590

36,218,572

$

78,105

A.  Stock option plan
The Corporation grants stock options at a subscription price representing the average closing price of the Corporation’s common shares on the 
Toronto Stock Exchange for the five trading days preceding the grant date. Options granted under the plan mainly vest over a period of four 
years. The options are exercisable over a period not exceeding seven years after the grant date.

Variations in stock options outstanding and related compensation expense were as follows, for fiscal year:

Balance, beginning of year

Granted

Exercised

Cancelled / forfeited
Balance, end of year

Stock-based compensation expense

2019

Weighted-
average
exercise price

Number of
stock options

2018

Weighted-
average
exercise price

Number of
stock options

1,105,295

$

207,500

(107,450)

(38,250)

1,167,095

$

$

12.09

16.21

6.50

15.24

13.23

882

914,295

$

243,500

(48,750)

(3,750)

1,105,295

$

$

10.88

14.93

3.71

11.71

12.09

608

The weighted-average share price at the date of exercise of stock options in fiscal 2019 was $15.86 ($14.44 in 2018).

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  85

Details of stock options granted were as follows, for fiscal year:

Number of stock options granted

Weighted average fair value per stock option

Total fair value

Expected life (years)

Expected volatility

Expected forfeiture

Expected dividend distribution

Compounded risk-free interest rate

2019

2018

207,500

243,500

$

$

4.25

882

$

$

3.84

935

4.8 years

4.9 years

24%

4.2%

None

2.3%

25%

4.5%

None

1.6%

During fiscal 2019, following the approval by the shareholders of the Corporation at the last Annual General Meeting of shareholders, the 
aggregate number of shares available for future issuance under the stock option plan was replenished due to the limited number of common 
shares remaining under this plan.  As at March 31, 2019, 2,808,257 common shares are reserved for issuance of stock options, of which 
2,762,507 remained to be issued, compared to 1,514,481 as at March 31, 2018.

As at March 31, 2019, 1,167,095 stock options were issued and outstanding and can be detailed as follows:

Exercisable price
$10.71 to $11.71
$14.93 to $16.22

Outstanding options
Weighted-average
years to maturity
2.26
5.72
3.97

Number
640,595
526,500
1,167,095

Weighted-average
exercise price

$12.15
15.42
$13.23

Vested options

Number
602,845
166,000
768,845

Weighted-average
exercise price

$11.47
14.95
$12.33

B.  Stock purchase and ownership incentive plan

Movements in common shares and related expenses related to the stock purchase and ownership incentive plan were as follows, for fiscal 
year:

In number of common shares

Issued

Attributed to participating employees

Expense related to common shares attributed

2019

2018

36,188

24,622

$

227

$

47,772

18,800

260

As at March 31, 2019, 340,000 shares are reserved for issuance under the stock purchase and ownership incentive plan, of which 22,678
remained to be issued, compared to 58,866 as at March 31, 2018.

C.  Deferred Share Unit (“DSU”) and Performance Share Unit (“PSU”) plans

Movements in outstanding DSUs and related expense were as follows, for fiscal year:

In number of DSUs

Balance, beginning of year

Issued

Settled

Cancelled/Forfeited

Closing balance of DSUs outstanding

DSU expense

Fair value of outstanding DSUs, end of year

86  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

2019

2018

136,170

36,008

(4,512)

(1,332)

166,334

$

$

640

2,534

$

$

135,815

32,588

(32,233)

—

136,170

910

1,962

Movements in outstanding PSUs and related expense were as follows, for fiscal year:

In number of PSUs

Balance, beginning of year

Issued

Settled

Cancelled/forfeited

Closing balance of PSUs outstanding

PSU expense

Fair value of vested outstanding PSUs, end of year

NOTE 23. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows:

2019

2018

187,948

81,350

(38,392)

(18,456)

212,450

$

$

1,505

1,850

$

$

114,434

100,650

(23,334)

(3,802)

187,948

163

842

Balance as at March 31, 2018
Other comprehensive loss

Balance as at March 31, 2019

Balance as at March 31, 2017
Other comprehensive income

Balance as at March 31, 2018

NOTE 24. INCOME TAXES

Income tax expense is as follows, for fiscal year:

Consolidated statements of income

Current income tax expense
Deferred income tax expense (recovery)

Income tax expense reported in the consolidated statements of income
Consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity

Expense (recovery) related to items charged or credited directly to retained earnings

Expense (recovery) related to items charged or credited directly to other comprehensive income

Income tax expense reported directly in shareholders’ equity

Exchange
differences
on translation
of foreign
operations

Hedge of net
investments
in foreign
operations

Cash flow 
hedges

$

$

20,116

(850)

19,266

$

$

24

$

(5,923) $

(1,796)

(1,069)

(1,772) $

(6,992) $

Exchange
differences
on translation
of foreign
operations

$

$

14,256

5,860

20,116

$

$

Hedge of net
investments
in foreign
operations

Cash flow
hedges

(521) $

(7,437) $

545

1,514

Total

14,217

(3,715)

10,502

Total

6,298

7,919

24

$

(5,923) $

14,217

2019

6,254
(2,019)
4,235

$

$

(656) $

(557)

(1,213) $

$

$

$

$

2018

7,100
67
7,167

68

826

894

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  87

The computation of income tax expense is as follows, for fiscal year:

Income taxes at combined Federal and Provincial statutory tax rates of 26.6%
Income tax rate differential – foreign subsidiaries
Permanent differences
Impact of US Tax Reform (note 10)
Other items
Income tax expense

2019
8,124
(4,788)
1,018
—
(119)
4,235

$

$

2018
5,554
(4,251)
827
4,912
125
7,167

$

$

On December 22, 2017, the United States Government passed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "US Tax Reform"). The US Tax Reform 
includes a number of changes in existing tax law impacting businesses including, among other things, a permanent reduction in the federal 
corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The reduction in the corporate tax rate required a revaluation of the 
Corporation net deferred tax assets, resulting in a one-time tax expense of $4,912 during the fiscal year 2018. 
Significant deferred income tax assets and liabilities arising from the effect of temporary differences are as follows:

As at
Deferred income tax assets

Non-deductible reserves

Inventories

Receivables

Derivative financial instruments

Governmental authorities loans

Deferred tax benefits from tax losses and deductible expenses carried forward

Total deferred income tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities

Investment and other tax credits

Property, plant and equipment

Customer relationships and contracts

Governmental authorities loans

Derivative financial instruments

Total deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax assets

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

$

$

$

$

9,850

$

5,345

20

113

10

22,185
37,523

$

(729)

(16,903)

(12,795)

—

—
(30,427) $

7,096

$

4,126

3,872

10

—

—

14,012
22,020

(557)

(14,863)

(2,891)

(64)

(24)
(18,399)

3,621

The net deferred income tax assets are included under the following captions on the consolidated balance sheets:

As at
Deferred income tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax assets

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

$

$

14,575

(7,479)

7,096

$

$

7,388

(3,767)

3,621

As at March 31, 2019, net deferred income tax assets of $4,540 were recognized ($8,790 as at March 31, 2018) in jurisdictions that incurred 
losses in current and prior fiscal years. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income, the Corporation’s 
management believes it is probable that the Corporation will realize the full benefits of these deductible temporary differences and non-capital 
losses carried forward.

As at March 31, 2019, operating losses carried forward or other temporary differences for which related deferred income tax assets have not 
been recognized in the consolidated financial statements amounted to $3,329 (none as at March 31, 2018).

The Corporation had the following non-capital losses available for carry-forward:

88  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

As at
Canada

United States

Spain

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

$

$

19,520

$

64,219

18,874

102,613

$

19,943

53,506

—

73,449

As at March 31, 2019, deferred income tax assets of $12,526 and deferred income tax liabilities of $930 are expected to be recovered or settled 
in less than one year.

Deferred income tax is not recognized on the unremitted earnings of subsidiaries where the Corporation is able to control the timing of the 
remittance and it is probable that there will be no remittance in the foreseeable future. As at March 31, 2019, the temporary differences associated 
with investments in subsidiaries for which a deferred income tax liability has not been recognized aggregate to $21,614 ($25,151 in 2018).

NOTE 25. PENSION AND OTHER RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

Description of benefit plans
The Corporation has funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans as well as defined contribution pension plans that provide pension 
benefits to its employees. Retirement benefits provided by the defined benefit pension plans are based on either years of service and flat amount, 
years of service and final average salary, or set out by individual agreements.

Benefits provided by the post-retirement benefit plans are set out by individual agreements, which mostly provide for life insurance coverage 
and health care benefits. Since their amount is not significant, they are not included in the figures below.

Total cash payments
For fiscal year 2019, total cash payments for employee future benefits, consisting of cash contributed by the Corporation to its funded defined 
benefit pension plans and cash payments directly to beneficiaries for its unfunded defined benefit pension plans amounted to $1,335 ($1,489
in 2018) while the cash contributed to its defined contribution plans amounted to $3,492 ($3,200 in 2018).

Defined benefit plans
The Corporation measures the fair value of plan assets for accounting purposes as at March 31 of each year while its defined benefit obligations 
are valued as at December 31 of each year and projected to March 31 for all plans, except one plan for which the valuation is made as at March 
31. 

The defined benefit plans expose the Corporation to actuarial risks such as:

• 

Life expectancy risk

The present value of defined benefit obligations is calculated in part by reference to the estimated life expectancy of plan 
members. An increase in life expectancy increases the Corporation’s obligations.

• 

Currency risk

As a significant portion of plan assets are invested in foreign equities, an increase in the value of the Canadian dollar in 
comparison to the denomination of these foreign equities would result in an increase in the Corporation’s obligations.

• 

Interest rate risk

A decrease in market rates of interest would decrease the discount rate used to calculate the present value of defined benefit 
obligations, thus increasing it. This would be partially offset by the resulting increase in the value of the plans’ bond holdings.

• 

Investment risk

Investment risk is the risk that the return on plan assets is lower than the corporate bond interest rate used to determine the 
discount rate. Currently, the plans have an investment mix of 61% in equity funds, 31% in debt securities and 8% in other 
funds. Due to the long-term nature of the plans’ defined benefit obligations, the Corporation considers it appropriate that a 
reasonable portion of the plans’ assets is invested in equity securities and other funds in order to generate additional long-
term return on plan assets.

The reconciliation of the present value of the defined benefit obligations and the fair value of plan assets to the amounts recognized in the 
consolidated balance sheets is as follows:

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  89

 
 
 
 
 
As at
Present value of defined benefit obligations of funded plans
Fair value of plan assets
Funded status of the plans – deficit
Present value of defined benefit obligations of unfunded plan
Amount recognized in other long-term liabilities

$

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
61,216
$
58,974
(2,242)
(1,716)
(3,958)

65,962
60,710
(5,252) $
(1,398)
(6,650) $

$

$

Defined benefit pension expense recognized in the consolidated statements of income is as follows, for fiscal year:

Current service cost
Interest on net defined benefit obligations (note 9)
Past service cost
Administrative cost
Defined benefit pension expense recognized in the consolidated statements of income

The total amount recognized in other comprehensive income is as follows, for fiscal year:

Remeasurements

Losses from changes in demographic assumptions
Losses from changes in financial assumptions

Experience gains

Return on plan assets, excluding interest income on plan assets

Other comprehensive income

The actual return on the fair value of plan assets is as follows, for fiscal year:

Actual return on the fair value of plan assets

The variation in present value of the defined benefit obligations were as follows, for fiscal year:

Defined benefit obligations, beginning of year
Current service cost
Interest expense
Contributions by plans’ participants
Losses from change in demographic assumptions
Losses from changes in financial assumptions
Experience gains
Benefits paid
Past service benefits
Defined benefit obligations, end of year

The fair value of plan assets is as follows:

$

$

2019
1,192
150
—
198
1,540

2019

(326) $

(2,855)

255

439
(2,487) $

2018
1,459
153
325
161
2,098

2018

(2)

(915)

1,257

(79)
261

2019
2,547

$

2018
2,038

2019
62,932 $
1,192
2,258
675
326
2,855
(255)
(2,623)
—
67,360

$

2018
61,106
1,459
2,270
731
2
915
(1,257)
(2,619)
325
62,932

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

90  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

As at
Fair value of plans’ assets, beginning of year
Interest income on plans’ assets
Return on plans’ assets, excluding interest income on plans’ assets

Contributions by the employer
Contributions by plans’ participants
Benefits paid
Administrative costs
Fair value of plans’ assets, end of year

The plans’ assets consist of:

As at
Equity securities
Debt securities
Other
Total

Significant assumptions
The significant weighted-average assumptions used at the reporting date are as follows, for fiscal year:

Defined benefit obligations as at March 31:

Discount rate
Rate of compensation increase

Average life expectancies based on a pension at 65 years of age:

Male, 45 years of age at reporting date
Female, 45 years of age at reporting date
Male, 65 years of age at reporting date
Female, 65 years of age at reporting date

$

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
57,496
$
2,117
(79)
1,489
731
(2,619)
(161)
58,974

58,974
2,108
439
1,335
675
(2,623)
(198)
60,710

$

$

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
63%
29%
8%
100%

61%
31%
8%
100%

2019

3.30%
3.50%

86
89
87
90

2018

3.60%
3.50%

86
89
87
90

The following table summarizes the effects of the changes in these actuarial assumptions on the pension expense and the defined benefit 
obligations for the fiscal year ended and as at March 31, 2019:

Increase (Decrease)

Discount rate

Increase of 0.5%
Decrease of 0.5%
Rate of compensation

Increase of 0.5%
Decrease of 0.5%

Average life expectancies

Increase of 1 year
Decrease of 1 year

Pension
expense
%

Defined
benefit
obligations
%

(25.1)
24.9

0.1
(0.1)

7.6
(7.7)

(7.0)
7.8

—
—

2.7
(2.7)

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  91

Corporation’s pension benefits future cash flows
The cash contributions expected to be made to these plans in fiscal year 2020 amount to $1,653.

The duration of the defined benefit obligations at March 31, 2019 is 14.8 years (14.8 years in 2018). The expected maturity of undiscounted 
pension benefits for the Unionized Pension Plan is presented as follows: 

As at
Less than a year
Between 1-2 years
Between 2-5 years
Over 5 years
Total

$

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
1,689
$
1,747
5,753
100,542
109,731

1,783
1,834
6,125
99,741
109,483

$

$

Defined contribution pension plans
The defined contribution pension plans’ costs are as follows, for fiscal year:

Defined contribution pension plan costs

NOTE 26. COMMITMENTS

2019
3,492

$

2018
3,200

$

The Corporation has commitments under operating leases for buildings and facilities and outstanding purchases orders relating to machinery 
and equipment which have not been delivered yet to the Corporation’s facilities. The minimum payments over the next five years are as follows: 

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024 Thereafter

Total
2019

Total
2018

Operating leases - Buildings and facilities(1)

$ 2,517

2,424

2,261

2,014

1,623

5,984 $16,823 $ 11,737

Building, machinery and equipment acquisition commitments

$ 6,624

126

46

—

—

— $ 6,796 $ 2,952

(1) Excluding escalation clauses. 

Guarantees
The  Corporation executes  agreements  that  provide  for indemnification  and  guarantees  to  counterparties  in transactions  such  as  business 
disposition and the sale of assets.

These indemnification undertakings and guarantees may require the Corporation to compensate the counterparties for costs or losses incurred 
as a result of various events including breaches of representations and warranties, intellectual property right infringement, loss of or damage to 
property, environmental liabilities, changes in or in the interpretation of laws and regulations (including tax legislations), valuation differences or 
as a result of litigations that may be suffered by the counterparties.

In the sale of all or a part of a business or assets, in addition to possible indemnification relating to failure to perform covenants and breach of 
representations and warranties, the Corporation may have to indemnify against claims related to past conduct of the business. The nature of 
these  indemnification  agreements  prevents  the  Corporation  from  estimating  the  maximum  potential  liability  that  could  be  required  under 
guarantees, since these events have not occurred yet. As at March 31, 2019, the duration of these indemnification agreements could extend 
up to fiscal year 2024. As at March 31, 2019, an amount of $5,012 ($5,012 in 2018) was provided for in the Corporation’s provisions in respect 
to these items and is classified as short-term provision (note 19) given the undetermined date of settlement.

Letters of credit
As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation has outstanding letters of credit amounting to $26,153 ($3,302 in 2018).

NOTE 27. CONTINGENCIES

The Corporation is involved in litigations and claims in the normal course of business. Management is of the opinion that any resulting settlements 
would not materially affect the financial position and operating results of the Corporation.

92  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

NOTE 28. NET CHANGE IN NON-CASH ITEMS

The net change in non-cash items is detailed as follows, for fiscal year:

Accounts receivable
Income tax receivable
Inventories
Other current and long-term assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other liabilities
Provisions
Customers advances and progress billings
Income tax payable
Effect of changes in exchange rates(1)

2019
(5,624) $
(385)
(1,746)
(2,245)
20,013
(5,377)
4,655
(2,404)
2,686
9,573

$

2018
(2,335)
(184)
9,539
(869)
719
(3,335)
7,097
1,916
950
13,498

$

$

(1)  Reflects the total impact of changes in exchange rates during the period on non-cash items listed above for the Corporation’s foreign subsidiaries. 

NOTE 29. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

The geographic segmentation of the Corporation’s assets is as follows:

As at

Canada
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 97,210
Finite-life intangible assets, net
14,785

U.S.

U.K.

March 31, 2019
Total

Spain

Canada

U.S.

U.K.

Total

March 31, 2018

$ 72,872

$ 13,987

$ 43,885

$227,954

$ 95,492

$ 71,183

$ 12,828

$179,503

6,433

9,254

38,905

81,671

69,377

186,352

21,166

13,838

1,973

9,691

12,717

67,608

35,856

91,137

Goodwill

14,344

25,296

65,041

Geographic sales based on the customers’ location are detailed as follows, for fiscal year:

United States
United Kingdom
Spain
Rest of Europe
Canada
Other countries

2019
260,397
53,589
26,036
58,837
39,668
45,350
483,877

$

$

2018
240,377
43,713
—
39,009
39,244
24,221
386,564

$

$

NOTE 30. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Key management includes directors (executive and non executive) and members of the Executive Committee. The executive compensation 
expense to key management is as follows, for fiscal year:

Short-term employee benefits and other benefits
Pension and other post-retirement benefits
Share-based payments
Total compensation to key management personnel

2019
3,622
84
1,421
5,127

$

$

2018
3,458
156
1,655
5,269

$

$

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  93

 
NOTE 31. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Fair value hierarchy
Financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets are grouped into three levels of a fair value 
hierarchy. The three levels are defined based on the observability of significant inputs to the measurement, as follows:

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, and
Level 3: unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
The classifications of financial instruments as well as their carrying amounts and fair values are summarized as follows:

As at

March 31, 2019

March 31, 2018

Fair value
hierarchy

Carrying
amount

Fair Value

Fair value
hierarchy

Carrying
amount

Fair Value

Financial assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Derivative financial instruments

Financial Liabilities

Level 1 $

35,128 $

Level 2

6,599

$

41,727 $

Derivative financial instruments

Level 2 $

3,451 $

Long-term debt, including current portion

Level 2

263,258

$

266,709 $

35,128

6,599

41,727

3,451

270,716

274,167

Level 1

Level 2

Level 2

Level 2

$

$

$

$

93,209

5,197

98,406

2,778

131,964

134,742

$

$

$

$

93,209

5,197

98,406

2,778

137,493

140,271

Derivative financial instruments - The fair value of derivative financial instruments recognized in the consolidated balance sheets has been 
determined using the Corporation’s valuation models and compared to the fair value information provided by the financial institutions using 
exchange rates or interest rates quoted in the active market and adjusted for the credit risk added by the financial institution. These models 
project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to a present value using the contractual terms of the derivative financial instruments 
and factors observable in external markets data, such as period-end interest rate swap and foreign exchange rates. 

Long-term debt – The fair value of long-term debt has been determined by calculating the present value of long-term debt using the rate that 
would be negotiated under the economic conditions at year-end.

NOTE 32. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The Corporation is exposed primarily to market risk, credit and credit concentration risks, and liquidity risk as a result of holding financial 
instruments.

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of fluctuations in the fair value or future cash flows of financial instruments following changes in market prices, whether 
those changes are caused by factors specific to the individual financial instruments or its issuer, or factors affecting all similar financial instruments 
traded in the market. The Corporation is primarily exposed to the following market risks:

Foreign exchange risk
The Corporation is exposed to risks resulting from foreign currency fluctuations arising either from carrying on business in Canada in foreign 
currencies or through operations in the United States of America, Spain and the United Kingdom. 

In an effort to mitigate the foreign currency fluctuation exposures, the Corporation makes use of derivative contracts to hedge this exposure, 
essentially to the U.S. currency and arising from its Canadian, Spanish and United Kingdom operations.

The Corporation’s foreign exchange policy requires the hedging of 50% to 100% of the identified foreign currency exposure, mainly over the 
next two fiscal years, of the forecasted cash inflows generated by sales in U.S. currency made by its Canadian, Spanish and United Kingdom 
operations and related to sales contracts, net of the forecasted cash outflows in U.S. currency made by its Canadian, Spanish and United 
Kingdom operations and related essentially to raw materials and certain other material costs. 

94  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation had forward foreign exchange contracts outstanding for a notional amount of $228,374 denominated in 
USD, EUR and GBP. This amount includes mainly contracts with nominal value of US$146,885 convertible into Canadian dollars at an average 
rate of 1.3060. These contracts mature at various dates between April 2019 and March 2023, with the majority maturing this fiscal year and the 
next.

As at March 31, 2019, a 1% strengthening of the Canadian dollar over foreign currencies, while all other variables would remain fixed, would 
have impacted the consolidated net income and the other comprehensive income as follows:

Decrease in net income
Increase (decrease) in other comprehensive income

U.S. dollar 
impact
(428)
508

British pound
impact
(110)
(1,678)

Euro 
impact
(42)
(734)

The foreign exchange rate sensitivity analysis shown above is calculated by aggregation of the net foreign exchange rate exposure of the 
Corporation’s financial instruments including the forward foreign exchange contracts as at the consolidated balance sheet date. 

Interest-rate risk
The Corporation is exposed to interest rate fluctuations primarily due to its variable interest rate on its long-term debt’s Credit Facility (see note 
20). In addition, interest rate fluctuations could also have an impact on the Corporation’s interest income which is derived from its cash and cash 
equivalents.

The Corporation’s interest rate policy requires maintaining an appropriate mix of fixed and variable interest rates debt to mitigate the net impact 
of fluctuating interest rates. Management as such may use derivatives to maintain a fixed debt ratio of between 40% and 70% of long-term debt, 
excluding government loans.

Cross-currency interest rate swaps
The acquisition of CESA (see note 5) exposed the Corporation to new foreign currency and interest rate risks related to the investment in Euros. 
A decrease in value of the Euro compared to the Canadian dollar would decrease the value of the foreign investment, and an increase in interest 
rates underlying debt would increase related net financial expenses.

In order to mitigate these risks, as at March 31, 2019, the Corporation had entered into the following cross-currency interest rate swap agreements 
in order to manage foreign exchange and interest rate risks:

Notional

US$       29,370

C$         50,000

US$       17,523

US$       17,100

Fixed EUR equivalent

€

€

€

€

25,000

34,110

15,000

15,000

Interest rate

1.86 %

3.40 %

Inception

October 2017

Maturity

May 2022

October 2017

September 2025

Euribor 1 month + 1.74%

September 2018

Euribor 1 month + 1.76%

November 2018

May 2022

March 2020

A 100 basis point variation in interest rates would have affected the Corporation’s financial results for fiscal 2019 as follows:

Impact on net income related to floating rate long-term debt
Impact on comprehensive income related to cross-currency interest-rate swap agreements

100 bps increase
(69)
209

100 bps decrease
69
(209)

The interest rate sensitivity analysis shown above is calculated on the floating-rate liability at the end of the fiscal year and assumes all other 
variables remain fixed.

Other price risk
The Corporation’s net income is exposed to fluctuations of its share price through its DSUs and PSUs (see note 22). In order to mitigate this 
exposure, the Corporation has entered into an equity swap agreement with a financial institution. 

Pursuant to this agreement, upon settlement, the Corporation receives payment for any share price appreciation while providing payment to 
the financial institution for any share price depreciation. The net effect of the equity swap partly offsets movements in the Corporation’s share 
price which impacts the expense of the DSUs and PSUs included in the Corporation’s selling and administrative expenses.

As at March 31, 2019, the equity swap agreement covered 245,000 common shares of the Corporation at a price of $12.68. This agreement is 
a derivative instrument that is not part of a designated hedging relationship and matures in June 2020.

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  95

Credit and credit concentration risks

The credit and credit concentration risks represent counterparty risks where the parties with which the Corporation enters into agreements or 
contracts could be unable to fulfill their commitments. 

Credit risks are primarily related to the potential inability of customers to discharge their obligations with regards to the Corporation’s accounts 
receivable and of financial institutions with regards to the Corporation’s cash and cash equivalents and derivative financial instruments. 

Credit concentration risks are related to the fact that approximately 61% of the Corporation’s fiscal 2019 sales are made to only nine customers 
(60% to six customers in 2018). More specifically, in fiscal 2019, the Corporation had one customer representing 22% of its consolidated sales 
(two customers representing 26% and 11% in 2018). 

Accounts receivable
The credit and credit concentration risks related to these financial instruments are limited due to the fact that the Corporation deals generally 
with large corporations and Government agencies, with the exception of sales made to private small businesses which represent together 
approximately 4.2% in fiscal 2019 (5.3% in 2018) of the Corporation’s consolidated sales.

As at March 31, 2019, the Corporation has historically not made any significant write-off of accounts receivable and the number of days in 
accounts receivable was at acceptable levels in the industry in which the Corporation operates.

The credit quality of accounts receivable is monitored on a regular basis.

Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts were as follows for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019:

Balance, beginning of year
Arising during the year
Balance, end of year

The details of the Corporation’s trade receivables are the following:

As at

Not past due

Past due less than 90 days

Past due more than 90 days

Impaired

Allowance for doubtful accounts

Balance, end of year

2019
39
153
192

$

$

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018

$

105,402

$

66,613

8,866

1,163

192

115,623

(192)

5,777

1,079

39

73,508

(39)

$

115,431

$

73,469

Estimated credit losses based on expected loss rates were insignificant as at March 31, 2019 and 2018.

Cash and cash equivalents and derivative financial instruments
The credit and credit concentration risks related to these financial instruments are limited due to the fact that the Corporation deals mainly with 
high-grade financial institutions such as Canadian chartered banks and their U.S. subsidiaries or branches or with a Canadian branch of a U.S. 
bank, based on the Corporation’s investment policy. On that basis, the Corporation does not anticipate any breach of agreements by counterparties.

As at March 31, 2019, the maximum exposure to credit and credit concentration risks for financial instruments represented the following (see 
note 31):

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable
Derivative financial instruments

FVTPL

FVTOCI (1)

$

— $
—
3,891

— $
—
2,708

A.C.
35,128
115,431
—

(1) Represents the fair value of derivative financial instruments designated in a hedging relationship.

96  –  HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements   

Liquidity risk

The Corporation is exposed to the risk of being unable to honour its financial commitments by the deadlines set, under the terms of such 
commitments and at a reasonable price. The Corporation manages its liquidity risk by forecasting cash flows from operations and anticipated 
investing and financing activities. Senior management is also actively involved in the review and approval of long-term sales contracts and 
planned capital expenditures.

As at March 31, 2019, the maturity analysis of financial liabilities represented the following:

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

$

Customer advances

Long-term debt, including current portion (note 20)

Derivative financial instruments

< 1 year
117,990

$

14,502

23,212

2,134

1 to 3 years

4 to 5 years

> 5 years

— $

2,050

46,485

1,171

— $

—

— $

—

128,595

146

121,380

—

Total
117,990

16,552

319,672

3,451

NOTE 33. CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The general objectives of the Corporation’s management, in terms of capital management, reside in the preservation of the Corporation’s capacity 
to continue operating, providing benefits to its stakeholders and in providing an adequate return on investment to its shareholders by selling its 
products and services at a price commensurate with the level of operating risk assumed by the Corporation. 

The Corporation thus determines the total amount of capital required consistent with risk levels. This capital structure is adjusted on a timely 
basis depending on changes in the economic environment and risks of the underlying assets.

In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Corporation can, for example:

• 
• 
• 
• 

Issue new common shares;
Repurchase common shares;
Sell certain assets to reduce indebtedness;
Return capital to shareholders.

The  net  debt-to-equity  ratio,  represented  by  net  debt  divided  by  shareholders’  equity,  is  the  overriding  factor  in  the  Corporation’s  capital 
management and monitoring practices.

During fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Corporation pursued the same capital management strategy as last year, which consists in generally 
maintaining a sufficient net debt-to-equity ratio to allow access to financing at a reasonable or acceptable cost. 

The Corporation’s net debt-to-equity ratio was as follows:

As at
Current portion of long-term debt

Long-term debt

Deferred financing costs, net

Less: Cash and cash equivalents

Net debt
Shareholders’ equity

Net debt-to-equity ratio

The Corporation is not subject to any regulatory capital requirements.

March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
5,356
$

15,066

$

245,240

2,952

35,128
228,130
404,098
0.56:1

$

125,685

923

93,209
38,755
379,034
0.10:1

$

HÉROUX-DEVTEK INC.  –  Fiscal 2019 Consolidated Financial Statements  –  97

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

H ér o ux-De vt ek 2019    [  (cid:26) (cid:25)   ]

ANNU AL ME E T I NG 
OF  S H AR E H OLDE R S

August 9, 2019 at 10:00 A.M. 
Westin Montreal
Salon les Fortifications, 9th Floor
270 Saint-Antoine Street West
Montreal (Québec) Canada  H2Y 0A3

R E GI S T R AR  AND 
T R ANS F E R  AGE NT

Computershare Trust 
1500 University Street, 7th Floor 
Montreal (Québec) Canada H3A 3S8 
514 982-7555 /1 800 564-6253

AUDI TOR S

Ernst & Young LLP 
900 de Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Suite 2300
Montreal (Québec) H3A 0A8 
514 875-6060

S H AR E  LI S T I NG

Shares are traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange 
Ticker Symbol: HRX

I NV E S TOR  R E LAT I ONS

450 679-3330 / ir@herouxdevtek.com 
Ste-Marie Strategy & Communications Inc.
514 465-6701 / danielle@ste-m.ca

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