Halozyme Therapeutics
Annual Report 2018

Plain-text annual report

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 OR ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission File Number 001-32335 ___________________________ HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. ( Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter ) ___________________________ (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) Delaware 88-0488686 11388 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, CA (Address of principal executive offices) 92121 (Zip Code) (858) 794-8889 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Each Class Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. x Yes ¨ No Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. ¨ Yes x No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes ¨ No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). x Yes ¨ No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ¨ Emerging growth company ¨ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ¨ Yes x No The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2018 was approximately $2.1 billion based on the closing price on the NASDAQ Global Select Market reported for such date. Shares of common stock held by each officer and director and by each person who is known to own 10% or more of the outstanding common stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates of the registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes. The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, was 145,033,173 as of February 14, 2019 . Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed subsequent to the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the registrant’s 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. INDEX PART I PART II Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Financial Data Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Item 1. Item 1A. Item 1B. Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Item 5. Item 6. Item 7. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Item 9B. Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Controls and Procedures Other Information Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation PART III Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accounting Fees and Services Item 15. Item 16. SIGNATURES Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules Form 10-K Summary PART IV Page 1 15 29 30 30 30 31 33 34 45 45 45 46 48 48 49 49 50 50 50 54 55 This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included herein, including without limitation those regarding our future product development and regulatory events and goals, product collaborations, our business intentions and financial estimates and anticipated results, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate,” “think,” “may,” “could,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “continue,” “potential,” “likely,” “opportunity” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements in this Annual Report. Additionally, statements concerning future matters such as the development or regulatory approval of new products, enhancements of existing products or technologies, third party performance under key collaboration agreements, revenue and expense levels and other statements regarding matters that are not historical are forward-looking statements. Although forward-looking statements in this Annual Report reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and actual results and outcomes may differ materially from the results and outcomes discussed in or anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include without limitation those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A below, as well as those discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this Annual Report. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made in this Annual Report, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. References to “Halozyme,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., and Halozyme, Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Halozyme Holdings Ltd., Halozyme Royalty LLC, Halozyme Switzerland GmbH and Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH. References to “Notes” refer to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein (refer to Part II, Item 8). Item 1. Business Overview PART I Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. is a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing novel oncology therapies. We are seeking to translate our unique knowledge of the tumor microenvironment to create therapies that have the potential to improve cancer patient survival. Our research primarily focuses on human enzymes that alter the extracellular matrix and tumor microenvironment. The extracellular matrix is a complex matrix of proteins and carbohydrates surrounding the cell that provides structural support in tissues and orchestrates many important biological activities, including cell migration, signaling and survival. Over many years, we have developed unique technology and scientific expertise enabling us to pursue this target-rich environment for the development of therapies. Our proprietary enzymes are used to facilitate the delivery of injected drugs and fluids, potentially enhancing the efficacy and the convenience of other drugs or can be used to alter tissue structures for potential clinical benefit. We exploit our technology and expertise using a two pillar strategy that we believe enables us to manage risk and cost by: (1) developing our own proprietary products in therapeutic areas with significant unmet medical needs, with a focus on oncology, and (2) licensing our technology to biopharmaceutical companies to collaboratively develop products that combine our technology with the collaborators’ proprietary compounds. 1 The majority of our approved product and product candidates are based on rHuPH20, our patented recombinant human hyaluronidase enzyme. rHuPH20 is the active ingredient in our first commercially approved product, Hylenex® recombinant, and it works by temporarily breaking down hyaluronan (or HA), a naturally occurring carbohydrate that is a major component of the extracellular matrix in tissues throughout the body such as skin and cartilage. We believe this temporary degradation creates an opportunistic window for the improved subcutaneous delivery of injectable biologics, such as monoclonal antibodies and other large therapeutic molecules, as well as small molecules and fluids. We refer to the application of rHuPH20 to facilitate the delivery of other drugs or fluids as our ENHANZE ® Drug Delivery Technology (ENHANZE). We license the ENHANZE technology to form collaborations with biopharmaceutical companies that develop or market drugs requiring or benefiting from injection via the subcutaneous route of administration. We currently have ENHANZE collaborations with F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. and Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc. (Roche), Baxalta US Inc. and Baxalta GmbH (now members of the Takeda group of companies, following the acquisition of Shire plc by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited in January 2019) (Baxalta), Pfizer Inc. (Pfizer), Janssen Biotech, Inc. (Janssen), AbbVie, Inc. (AbbVie), Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (BMS), Alexion Pharma Holding (Alexion) and ARGENX BVBA (argenx). We receive royalties from two of these collaborations, including royalties from sales of one product from the Baxalta collaboration and two products from the Roche collaboration. Future potential revenues from the sales and/or royalties of our approved products, product candidates, and ENHANZE collaborations will depend on the ability of Halozyme and our collaborators to develop, manufacture, secure and maintain regulatory approvals for approved products and product candidates and commercialize product candidates. Our proprietary development pipeline consists primarily of pre-clinical and clinical stage product candidates in oncology. Our lead oncology program is Pegvorhyaluronidase alfa (PVHA), also referred to as PEGylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (PEGPH20), a molecular entity we are developing in combination with currently approved cancer therapies as a candidate for the systemic treatment of tumors that accumulate HA. We have demonstrated that when HA accumulates in a tumor, it can cause increased pressure in the tumor, reducing blood flow into the tumor and with that, reduced access of cancer therapies to the tumor. PEGPH20 has been demonstrated in animal models to work by temporarily degrading HA surrounding cancer cells resulting in reduced pressure and increased blood flow to the tumor thereby enabling increased amounts of anticancer treatments administered concomitantly gaining access to the tumor. Through our efforts and efforts of our partners and collaborators, we are currently in Phase 3 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with ABRAXANE® (nab-paclitaxel) and gemcitabine in stage IV pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) (HALO 109-301), in Phase 1b clinical testing for PEGPH20 with KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) in non-small cell lung cancer (HALO 107-101), in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq® (atezolizumab) in patients with previously treated metastatic PDA, in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq in patients with gastric cancer and in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gall bladder cancer (HALO 110-101/MATRIX). Our principal offices and research facilities are located at 11388 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, California 92121. Our telephone number is (858) 794- 8889 and our e-mail address is info@halozyme.com . Our website address is www.halozyme.com . Information found on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our periodic and current reports that we filed with the SEC are available on our website at www.halozyme.com , free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after we have electronically filed such material with, or furnished them to, the SEC, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports. Technology rHuPH20 can be applied as a drug delivery platform to increase dispersion and absorption of other injected drugs and fluids that are injected under the skin or in the muscle thereby potentially enhancing efficacy or convenience. For example, rHuPH20 has been used to convert drugs that must be delivered intravenously into subcutaneous injections or to reduce the number of subcutaneous injections needed for effective therapy. When ENHANZE Technology is applied subcutaneously, the rHuPH20 acts locally and has a tissue half-life of less than 15 minutes. HA at the local site reconstitutes its normal density within a few days and, therefore, we anticipate that any effect of rHuPH20 on the architecture of the subcutaneous space is temporary. 2 Additionally, we are expanding our scientific work to develop other enzymes and agents that target the extracellular matrix’s unique aspects, giving rise to potentially new molecular entities with a particular focus on oncology. We are developing a PEGylated version of the rHuPH20 enzyme (PEGPH20), that lasts for an extended period in the bloodstream (half-life of one to two days), and may therefore better target solid tumors that accumulate HA by degrading the surrounding HA and reducing the interstitial fluid pressure within malignant tumors to allow better penetration by co-administered agents. Strategy During 2018, we continued our strategy of focusing on developing our oncology pipeline and expanding our collaborations for ENHANZE Technology. This business model allows for revenue garnered from collaboration products to help fund our investment in PEGPH20 clinical development, with the goal of a future product approval that will support sustained growth. Key aspects of our corporate strategy include the following: • • Focus on our oncology pipeline. We are currently developing PEGPH20, our investigational new drug candidate, in multiple different tumors that accumulate high levels of HA. PEGPH20 is in Phase 3 development in stage IV PDA and multiple Phase 1b/2 studies for various tumor types. Over time, it is our goal to study additional types of cancer and to advance this program toward regulatory approval and commercial launch. In addition, we have a novel oncology preclinical asset. Focus on our ENHANZE platform. We currently have nine collaborations with three current product approvals and additional product candidates in development. We intend to work with our existing collaborators to expand our collaborations to add new targets and develop targets and product candidates under the terms of the operative agreements. In addition, we will continue our efforts to enter into new collaborations to further derive additional value from our proprietary technology. 3 Product and Product Candidates We have one marketed proprietary product, three partnered products, one proprietary product candidate targeting several indications in various stages of development, and one preclinical product candidate. The following table summarizes our proprietary product and product candidate as well as products and product candidates under development with our collaborators: 4 Proprietary Pipeline Hylenex Recombinant (hyaluronidase human injection) Hylenex recombinant is a formulation of rHuPH20 that has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval to facilitate subcutaneous fluid administration for achieving hydration, to increase the dispersion and absorption of other injected drugs and, in subcutaneous urography, to improve resorption of radiopaque agents. Hylenex recombinant is currently the number one prescribed branded hyaluronidase. PEGPH20 We are developing PEGPH20 in combination with currently approved cancer therapies as a candidate for the systemic treatment of tumors that accumulate HA. ‘PEG’ refers to the attachment of polyethylene glycol to rHuPH20, thereby creating PEGPH20. One of the novel properties of PEGPH20 is that it lasts for an extended duration in the bloodstream and, therefore, can be administered systemically to maintain its therapeutic effect to treat disease. Cancer malignancies, including pancreatic, lung, breast, gastric, and biliary tract cancers can accumulate high levels of HA and therefore we believe that PEGPH20 has the potential to help patients with these types of cancer when used with certain currently approved cancer therapies. Among solid tumors, PDA has been reported to be associated with one of the highest frequencies of HA accumulation. There are approximately 65,000 annual diagnoses of PDA in the United States and the European Union, and we estimate that 35-40% have high levels of HA based on our companion diagnostic assay cutpoint. 5 The pathologic accumulation of HA, along with other matrix components, creates a unique microenvironment for the growth of tumor cells compared to normal cells. We believe that degrading the HA component of the tumor microenvironment with PEGPH20 remodels the tumor microenvironment, resulting in tumor growth inhibition in animal models. Removal of HA from the tumor microenvironment results in expansion of previously constricted blood vessels allowing increased blood flow, potentially increasing the access of activated immune cells and factors in the blood into the tumor microenvironment. If PEGPH20 is administered in conjunction with other anti-cancer therapies, the increase in blood flow may allow anti-cancer therapies to have greater access to the tumor, which may enhance the treatment effect of therapeutic modalities like chemotherapies, monoclonal antibodies and other agents. We are developing PEGPH20 as a targeted therapy, for patients who have tumors with high levels of HA. We have a collaboration with Ventana Medical Systems Inc. (Ventana), a member of the Roche Group, to develop, and for Ventana to ultimately commercialize, a companion diagnostic assay for use with PEGPH20. The companion diagnostic assay is being used to identify high levels of HA in tumor biopsies, and may be the first diagnostic to target tumor- associated HA and possibly the first companion diagnostic assay in pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer indications: Based on the results of Phase 1b and Phase 2 studies, HALO 109-201 and HALO 109-202, we embarked on a double blinded, placebo controlled study in previously untreated pancreas cancer patients to test PEGPH20 plus gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (ABRAXANE ® ) versus gemcitabine and ABRAXANE alone. HALO 109-301: In March 2015, we met with the FDA to discuss the interim efficacy and safety data from HALO-202, and the proposed selection of eligible patients based on a 50% cutpoint using the Ventana companion diagnostic. Based on the feedback from that meeting, we proceeded with HALO 109-301 (HALO-301), a Phase 3 multicenter randomized clinical trial evaluating PEGPH20 as a first-line therapy for patients with stage IV PDA, using a design allowing for potential marketing application based on PFS (accelerated approval pathway) or OS. The study enrolled patients whose tumors accumulate high levels of HA measured using the Ventana companion diagnostic test. The FDA provided feedback on the current companion diagnostic approach and confirmed that an approved investigational device exemption (IDE) was required for the Phase 3 study. In June 2015, we received scientific advice/protocol assistance from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) regarding our Phase 3 study. The EMA agreed to the patient population, and the use of both PFS and OS as co-primary endpoints stating that OS is the preferred endpoint and that ultimate approval would require an overall positive benefit:risk balance. In March 2016, Ventana received approval for an IDE application from the FDA for our companion diagnostic test to enable patient selection in our Phase 3 Study HALO-301 of PEGPH20 in HA-High patients and we dosed the first patient in HALO-301. In January 2019, our independent Data Safety Monitoring Committee met to review ongoing safety data from the trial and informed us the study should proceed as planned. In November 2018, the FDA agreed to our request to change the primary endpoint of the HALO-301 study from two primary endpoints of PFS and OS to a single primary endpoint of OS. As a result, a previously planned interim analysis, that was to be performed when the target number of PFS events was achieved, will not be conducted. PFS will remain as a secondary endpoint, along with objective response rate. In January 2019, the FDA completed their review of the submitted clinical study protocol amendment and statistical analysis plan with no additional questions or comments. Over 200 sites in 22 countries located in North America, Europe, South America and Asia were initiated to participate in the HALO-301 study. The study was fully enrolled with approximately 500 patients by the end of 2018. We project that the target number of 330 OS events for the final analysis will be achieved between August and November 2019. SWOG Study S1313: In October 2013, SWOG, a cancer research cooperative group of more than 4,000 researchers in over 500 institutions around the world, initiated a 144 patient Phase 1b/2 randomized clinical trial in some of their study centers, examining PEGPH20 in combination with modified FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy compared to modified FOLFIRINOX treatment alone in patients with stage IV PDA, irrespective of HA levels, referred to as an all-comer population. This study was funded by the National Cancer 6 Institute. In March 2017, SWOG stopped enrollment in the Phase 1b/2 trial following a recommendation of SWOG’s independent Data Monitoring committee after a preplanned futility analysis. In January 2018, SWOG presented final data of the all-comers population at the ASCO-GI conference. The median overall survival was 7.7 months for the PEGPH20 arm vs. 14.4 months in the modified FOLFIRINOX alone arm. Also, increased GI-toxicities and substantially shorter median treatment duration for modified FOLFIRINOX were reported for the PEGPH20 arm compared to the modified FOLFIRINOX alone arm. Collection of biopsy samples from participating sites to potentially enable an HA biomarker subgroup analysis has been completed. Due to the limited number of samples available, it is not known if the data will be interpretable. Our PEGPH20 studies and clinical collaborations in combination with agents other than modified FOLFIRINOX continue unchanged. Clinical collaboration: In October 2016, we announced that PEGPH20 will be included in a pancreatic cancer clinical trial initiative called Precision Promise, an initiative that aims to change the current treatment approach to pancreatic cancer by offering options to patients based on the molecular profile of their tumor. This is being accomplished through the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network leading a collaboration that brings together clinicians, researchers, and drug developers. Pancreatic Cancer Action Network continues to work to finalize the trial design and protocol which may include a potential PEGPH20 trial arm or trial. Other indications outside of pancreatic cancer : HALO 107-101: In November 2015, we initiated a Phase 1b study exploring the combination of PEGPH20 and KEYTRUDA®, an immuno-oncology agent in relapsed non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and gastric cancer. In December 2016, we identified a dose of PEGPH20, namely 2.2 ug/kg, to move into the dose expansion phase of the study with KEYTRUDA in combination with PEGPH20. In September 2017, our standing Independent Data Monitoring Safety Committee met to review ongoing safety data from the trial and informed us that the study should proceed with study protocol modifications to exclude patients at risk and increase liver safety monitoring, after observing clinical and laboratory signs of hepato-biliary dysfunction. In April 2018, we informed participating sites to stop screening for new patients in the gastric cancer cohort of the study as the overall enrollment goal has been reached. Patients already in screening prior to the notification date were allowed to enter the study contingent of all eligibility criteria being met. Following the results of Merck’s KEYNOTE-189 study evaluating KEYTRUDA in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment, the standard of care in lung cancer is expected to change. As we are seeking to enroll second line immune checkpoint inhibitor naïve patients, we have closed enrollment in the lung cohort of the study and investigators were given the option to continue treatment of ongoing patients. HALO 107-101 is an ongoing study with an open database and enrollment has ended in both the NSCLC and gastric cancer cohorts. In the NSCLC cohort we enrolled 17 of the target 30 patients in the dose expansion cohort prior to closing enrollment. One patient is ongoing. Of the 13 currently evaluable patients, four patients experienced a greater than 30% reduction in tumor volume as assessed by investigator sites. Two of these patients had a further scan confirming the greater than 30% reduction was maintained. Of the four patients experiencing a greater than 30% reduction, three were PD-L1 negative, while data was unavailable for the fourth. Discussions are ongoing with advisers and investigators regarding the data and any next steps. In the gastric cancer cohort, we reached target enrollment of 34 patients in the dose finding and dose expansion cohort. Of the 26 currently evaluable patients, we have seen one responder in a PD-L1 positive patient. This response rate does not meet our threshold to continue development of PEGPH20 in combination with Keytruda alone in gastric cancer. We continue to collect and receive data on both NSCLC and gastric patients. When the database is considered complete and locked, a Final Study Report will be generated and data presented. 7 Ongoing clinical collaboration: In November 2016, we entered into an agreement with Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, to collaborate on clinical studies to evaluate their cancer immunotherapy Tecentriq, an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody, in combination with PEGPH20, in up to eight different tumor types. Genentech initiated a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in patients with previously treated metastatic PDA in July 2017 and a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in patients with gastric cancer in October 2017, as part of its Morpheus master protocol. In February 2019, Genentech closed enrollment in the gastric arm of the study and results will be reported when data is available. We will supply PEGPH20 for the Genentech-funded studies. In October 2017, we initiated a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial to assess Tecentriq with PEGPH20 in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gall bladder cancer (HALO 110-101/MATRIX). Genentech will supply Tecentriq for the Halozyme sponsored study. Regulatory The FDA has granted Fast Track designation for our program investigating PEGPH20 in combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel for the treatment of patients with stage IV PDA to demonstrate an improvement in OS. The Fast Track designation process was developed by the FDA to facilitate the development and expedite the review of drugs to treat serious or life-threatening diseases and address unmet medical needs. The FDA has granted Orphan Drug designation for PEGPH20 for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The FDA Office of Orphan Products Development’s mission is to advance the evaluation and development of products (drugs, biologics, devices, or medical foods) that demonstrate promise for the diagnosis and/or treatment of rare diseases or conditions. Similarly, the European Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products of the EMA designated PEGPH20 an orphan medicinal product for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Other Pipeline Asset PEG-ADA2: PEGylated adenosine deaminase 2, or PEG-ADA2, is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that targets adenosine, which may accumulate to high levels in the tumor microenvironment and has been linked to immunosuppression. We are currently in preclinical development with PEG-ADA2 and are exploring potential collaboration or partnership interest in this program prior to making additional investments in the development of PEG-ADA2. ENHANZE Collaborations Roche Collaboration In December 2006, we and Roche entered into a collaboration and license agreement under which Roche obtained a worldwide license to develop and commercialize product combinations of rHuPH20 and up to thirteen Roche target compounds (the Roche Collaboration). Under this agreement, Roche elected a total of eight targets, two of which are exclusive. In September 2013, Roche launched a subcutaneous (SC) formulation of Herceptin (trastuzumab) (Herceptin SC) in Europe for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer followed by launches in additional countries. This formulation utilizes our ENHANZE technology and is administered in two to five minutes, compared to 30 to 90 minutes with the standard intravenous form. Directed at the same target, Roche initiated a Phase 1 study of PERJETA ® (pertuzumab) and Herceptin (trastuzumab) with ENHANZE in patients with early breast cancer in March 2016. In June 2018, Roche initiated a global Phase 3 study of a fixed-dose combination of PERJETA and Herceptin with ENHANZE in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. In July 2018, we announced the FDA accepted a BLA from Genentech (a member of the Roche Group) for Herceptin SC in its FDA-approved breast cancer indications. Approval of the BLA is expected in March 2019. In September 2018, we announced that Roche received approval from Health Canada for Herceptin SC for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. In June 2014, Roche launched MabThera SC in Europe for the treatment of patients with common forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) followed by launches in additional countries. This formulation utilizes our ENHANZE technology and is administered in approximately five minutes compared to the approximately 1.5 to 4 hour intravenous infusion. In May 2016, Roche announced that the EMA approved Mabthera SC to treat patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In June 2017, the FDA approved Genentech’s RITUXAN HYCELA™, a combination of rituximab and rHuPH20 (approved and marketed under 8 the MabThera SC brand in countries outside the U.S.), for CLL and two types of NHL, follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In September 2017, we and Roche entered into an agreement providing Roche the right to develop and commercialize one additional exclusive target using our ENHANZE technology. The upfront license payment may be followed by event-based payments subject to Roche’s achievement of specified development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. In addition, Roche will pay royalties to us if products under the collaboration are commercialized. In January 2018, Roche initiated a Phase 1 study of an undisclosed target with ENHANZE technology. In February 2019, Roche canceled development of the undisclosed target following discontinuation of the proprietary program. In October 2018, we entered into an agreement with Roche for the right to develop and commercialize one additional exclusive target and an option to select two additional targets within four years using our ENHANZE technology. The upfront license payment may be followed by event-based payments subject to Roche’s achievement of specified development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. In addition, Roche will pay royalties to us if products under the collaboration are commercialized. In December 2018, Roche initiated a Phase 1b/2 study in patients with non-small cell lung cancer for Tecentriq (atezolizumab) in combination with our ENHANZE technology. Baxalta Collaboration In September 2007, we and Baxalta entered into a collaboration and license agreement under which Baxalta obtained a worldwide, exclusive license to develop and commercialize product combinations of rHuPH20 with GAMMAGARD LIQUID (HYQVIA) (the Baxalta Collaboration). HYQVIA is indicated for the treatment of primary immunodeficiency disorders associated with defects in the immune system. In May 2013, the European Commission granted Baxalta marketing authorization in all EU Member States for the use of HYQVIA (solution for subcutaneous use) as replacement therapy for adult patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies. Baxalta launched HYQVIA in the first EU country in July 2013 and has continued to launch in additional countries. In September 2014, HYQVIA was approved by the FDA for treatment of adult patients with primary immunodeficiency in the U.S. HYQVIA is the first subcutaneous immune globulin (IG) treatment approved for adult primary immunodeficiency patients with a dosing regimen requiring only one infusion up to once per month (every three to four weeks) and one injection site per infusion in most patients, to deliver a full therapeutic dose of IG. The FDA’s approval of HYQVIA was a significant milestone for us as it represented the first U.S. approved BLA which utilizes our rHuPH20 platform. In May 2016, Baxalta announced that HYQVIA received a marketing authorization from the European Commission for a pediatric indication, which was launched in Europe to treat primary and certain secondary immunodeficiencies. Pfizer Collaboration In December 2012, we and Pfizer entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Pfizer has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Pfizer proprietary biologics directed to up to six targets in primary care and specialty care indications. Targets may be selected on an exclusive or non-exclusive basis. Pfizer has elected five targets on an exclusive basis and returned two targets. Janssen Collaboration In December 2014, we and Janssen entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Janssen has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Janssen proprietary biologics directed to up to five targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. Janssen has elected CD38 as the first target on an exclusive basis. In October 2017, Janssen initiated its first Phase 3 study of subcutaneous delivery of DARZALEX ® (daratumumab), directed at CD38, using ENHANZE technology, in multiple myeloma patients. Janssen has initiated six Phase 3 studies, one Phase 2 study and one Phase 1 study of daratumumab combined with the ENHANZE technology in patients with amyloidosis, smoldering myeloma and multiple myeloma. 9 AbbVie Collaboration In June 2015, we and AbbVie entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which AbbVie has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with AbbVie proprietary biologics directed to up to nine targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. AbbVie elected one target on an exclusive basis, TNF alpha, for which it has discontinued development and returned the target. Lilly Collaboration In December 2015, we and Lilly entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Lilly has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Lilly proprietary biologics directed to up to five targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. Lilly has elected two targets on an exclusive basis and one target on a semi-exclusive basis. In August 2017, Lilly initiated a Phase 1 study of an investigational new therapy in combination with rHuPH20. BMS Collaboration In September 2017, we and BMS entered into a collaboration and license agreement, which became effective in November 2017, under which BMS has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with BMS immuno-oncology targets directed at up to eleven targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis, with the exception of one co-exclusive target. BMS has designated multiple immuno-oncology targets including programmed death 1 (PD-1) and has an option to select additional targets within five years from the effective date. In October 2018, BMS dosed the first patient in a Phase 1 study evaluating the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of BMS-986179, an investigational anti-CD-73 antibody and ENHANZE technology. BMS is currently in a Phase 1 study of OPDIVO® (nivolumab) with ENHANZE. Alexion Collaboration In December 2017, we and Alexion entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Alexion has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Alexion’s portfolio of products directed at up to four targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. Alexion elected two targets on an exclusive basis, including a C5 complement inhibitor and has an option to select two additional targets within five years from the effective date. In August 2018, Alexion initiated a Phase 1 trial to study a next-generation subcutaneous formulation of ALXN1210 with ENHANZE technology. argenx Collaboration In February 2019, we entered into an agreement with argenx for the right to develop and commercialize one exclusive target, the human neonatal Fc receptor FcRn, which includes argenx's lead asset efgartigimod (ARGX-113), and an option to select two additional targets using our ENHANZE technology. For a further discussion of the collaboration agreements, refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Revenues under Collaborative Agreements. Customers The following table indicates the percentage of total revenues in excess of 10% with any single customer: Roche Baxalta BMS Alexion Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 72% 7% 4% 3% 38% 7% 32% 13% 63% 12% — — For additional information regarding our revenues from customers, refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Concentrations of Credit Risk, Sources of Supply and Significant Customer s, to our consolidated financial statements. 10 Patents and Proprietary Rights Patents and other proprietary rights are essential to our business. Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain patent protection for our inventions, to preserve our trade secrets and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. Our strategy is to actively pursue patent protection in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions for technology that we believe to be proprietary to us and that offers us a potential competitive advantage. Our patent portfolio includes 39 issued patents in the U.S., more than 390 issued patents in Europe and other countries in the world and more than 100 pending patent applications. In general, patents have a term of 20 years from the application filing date or earlier claimed priority date. Our issued patents will expire between 2022 and 2033. We have multiple patents and patent applications throughout the world pertaining to our recombinant human hyaluronidase and methods of use and manufacture, including an issued U.S. patent which expires in 2027 and an issued European patent which expires in 2024, which we believe cover the products and product candidates under our existing collaborations, Hylenex recombinant and PEGPH20. In addition, we have, under prosecution throughout the world, multiple patent applications that relate specifically to individual product candidates under development, the expiration of which can only be definitely determined upon maturation into our issued patents. We believe our patent filings represent a barrier to entry for potential competitors looking to utilize these hyaluronidases. In addition to patents, we rely on unpatented trade secrets, proprietary know-how and continuing technological innovation. We seek protection of these trade secrets, proprietary know-how and innovation, in part, through confidentiality and proprietary information agreements. Our policy is to require our employees, directors, consultants, advisors, collaborators, outside scientific collaborators and sponsored researchers, other advisors and other individuals and entities to execute confidentiality agreements upon the start of employment, consulting or other contractual relationships with us. These agreements provide that all confidential information developed or made known to the individual or entity during the course of the relationship is to be kept confidential and not disclosed to third parties except in specific circumstances. In the case of employees and some other parties, the agreements provide that all inventions conceived by the individual will be our exclusive property. Despite the use of these agreements and our efforts to protect our intellectual property, there will always be a risk of unauthorized use or disclosure of information. Furthermore, our trade secrets may otherwise become known to, or be independently developed by, our competitors. We also file trademark applications to protect the names of our products and product candidates. These applications may not mature to registration and may be challenged by third parties. We are pursuing trademark protection in a number of different countries around the world. There can be no assurances that our registered or unregistered trademarks or trade names will not infringe on rights of third parties or will be acceptable to regulatory agencies. Research and Development Activities Our research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with the development and manufacturing of our product candidates, compensation and other expenses for research and development personnel, supplies and materials, costs for consultants and related contract research, clinical trials, facility costs and amortization and depreciation. We charge all research and development expenses to operations as they are incurred. Our research and development activities are primarily focused on the development of our various product candidates. Due to the uncertainty in obtaining the FDA and other regulatory approvals, our reliance on third parties and competitive pressures, we are unable to estimate with any certainty the additional costs we will incur in the continued development of our proprietary product candidates for commercialization. However, we expect our research and development expenses for PEGPH20 to increase as our program advances into additional tumors and later stages of clinical development. Manufacturing We do not have our own manufacturing facility for our product and product candidates, or the capability to package our products. We have engaged third parties to manufacture bulk rHuPH20, PEGPH20 and Hylenex recombinant. 11 We have existing supply agreements with contract manufacturing organizations Avid Bioservices, Inc. (Avid) and Catalent Indiana LLC (formerly Cook Pharmica LLC) (Catalent) to produce supplies of bulk rHuPH20. These manufacturers each produce bulk rHuPH20 under current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) for clinical and commercial uses. Catalent currently produces bulk rHuPH20 for use in Hylenex recombinant, product candidates and collaboration product candidates. Avid currently produces bulk rHuPH20 for use in collaboration products. We rely on their ability to successfully manufacture these batches according to product specifications. In addition, we validated and qualified a new facility operated by Avid as a manufacturer of bulk rHuPH20 for use in the products and product candidates under the ENHANZE collaborations. It is important for our business for Catalent and Avid to (i) retain their status as cGMP-approved manufacturing facilities; (ii) successfully scale up bulk rHuPH20 production; and/or (iii) manufacture the bulk rHuPH20 required by us and our collaborators for use in our proprietary and collaboration products and product candidates. In addition to supply obligations, Avid and Catalent will also provide support for data and information used in the chemistry, manufacturing and controls sections for FDA and other regulatory filings. We have a commercial manufacturing and supply agreement with Patheon Manufacturing Services, LLC (Patheon) under which Patheon will provide the final fill and finishing steps in the production process of Hylenex recombinant. Under our commercial services agreement with Patheon, Patheon has agreed to fill and finish Hylenex recombinant product for us until December 31, 2019, subject to further extensions in accordance with the terms of the agreement. In addition, we scaled up our manufacturing of PEGPH20 with third party suppliers to support additional clinical trials, including the Phase 3 trial, and ultimately, if approved, potential commercial supply. Sales, Marketing and Distribution Hylenex Recombinant Our commercial activities currently focus on Hylenex recombinant. We have a team of sales specialists that provide hospital and surgery center customers with the information about Hylenex recombinant and information needed to obtain formulary approval for, and support utilization of, Hylenex recombinant. Our commercial activities also include marketing and related services and commercial support services such as commercial operations, managed markets and commercial analytics. We also employ third-party vendors, such as advertising agencies, market research firms and suppliers of marketing and other sales support related services to assist with our commercial activities. We sell Hylenex recombinant in the U.S. to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors, who sell the product to hospitals and other end-user customers. We engage Integrated Commercialization Solutions (ICS), a division of AmerisourceBergen Specialty Group, a subsidiary of AmerisourceBergen, to act as our exclusive distributor for commercial shipment and distribution of Hylenex recombinant to our customers in the United States. In addition to distribution services, ICS provides us with other key services related to logistics, warehousing, returns and inventory management, contract administration and chargebacks processing and accounts receivable management. In addition, we utilize third parties to perform various other services for us relating to regulatory monitoring, including call center management, adverse event reporting, safety database management and other product maintenance services. Competition The pharmaceutical industry is characterized by rapidly advancing technologies, intense competition and a strong emphasis on proprietary therapeutics. We face competition from a number of sources, some of which may target the same indications as our product or product candidates, including large pharmaceutical companies, smaller pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies, academic institutions, government agencies and private and public research institutions, many of which have greater financial resources, drug development experience, sales and marketing capabilities, including larger, well established sales forces, manufacturing capabilities, experience in obtaining regulatory approvals for product candidates and other resources than us. We face competition not only in the commercialization of Hylenex recombinant, but also for the in-licensing or acquisition of additional product candidates, and the out-licensing of our ENHANZE Technology. In addition, our collaborators face competition in the commercialization of the product candidates for which the collaborators seek marketing approval from the FDA or other regulatory authorities. 12 Hylenex Recombinant Hylenex recombinant is currently the only FDA approved recombinant human hyaluronidase on the market. The competitors for Hylenex recombinant include, but are not limited to, Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’s product, Vitrase ® , an ovine (ram) hyaluronidase, and Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s product, Amphadase ® , a bovine (bull) hyaluronidase. In addition, some commercial pharmacies compound hyaluronidase preparations for institutions and physicians even though compounded preparations are not FDA approved products. Government Regulations The FDA and comparable regulatory agencies in foreign countries regulate the manufacture and sale of the pharmaceutical products that we have developed or currently are developing. The FDA has established guidelines and safety standards that are applicable to the laboratory and preclinical evaluation and clinical investigation of therapeutic products and stringent regulations that govern the manufacture and sale of these products. The process of obtaining regulatory approval for a new therapeutic product usually requires a significant amount of time and substantial resources. The steps typically required before a product can be introduced for human use include: • • animal pharmacology studies to obtain preliminary information on the safety and efficacy of a drug; or laboratory and preclinical evaluation in vitro and in vivo including extensive toxicology studies. The results of these laboratory and preclinical studies may be submitted to the FDA as part of an IND application. The sponsor of an IND application may commence human testing of the compound 30 days after submission of the IND, unless notified to the contrary by the FDA. The clinical testing program for a new drug typically involves three phases: • • • Phase 1 investigations are generally conducted in healthy subjects (in certain instances, Phase 1 studies that determine the maximum tolerated dose and initial safety of the product candidate are performed in patients with the disease); Phase 2 studies are conducted in limited numbers of subjects with the disease or condition to be treated and are aimed at determining the most effective dose and schedule of administration, evaluating both safety and whether the product demonstrates therapeutic effectiveness against the disease; and Phase 3 studies involve large, well-controlled investigations in diseased subjects and are aimed at verifying the safety and effectiveness of the drug. Data from all clinical studies, as well as all laboratory and preclinical studies and evidence of product quality, are typically submitted to the FDA in a new drug application (NDA). The results of the preclinical and clinical testing of a biologic product candidate are submitted to the FDA in the form of a BLA, for evaluation to determine whether the product candidate may be approved for commercial sale. In responding to a BLA or NDA, the FDA may grant marketing approval or request additional information. If additional information is requested we may provide such information or withdraw our application. Although the FDA’s requirements for clinical trials are well established and we believe that we have planned and conducted our clinical trials in accordance with applicable regulations and guidelines, these requirements may be subject to change. Accordingly, we could be required to conduct additional trials beyond what we had planned due to the FDA’s safety and/or efficacy concerns or due to differing interpretations of the meaning of our clinical data or a change in the therapeutic landscape. (See Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors. ) The FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research must approve an NDA and the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research must approve a BLA for a drug before it may be marketed in the United States. If we begin to market our proposed products for commercial sale in the U.S., any manufacturing operations that may be established in or outside the U.S. will also be subject to rigorous regulation, including compliance with cGMP. We also may be subject to regulation under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Environmental Protection Act, the Toxic Substance Control Act, the Export Control Act and other present and future laws of general application. In addition, the handling, care and use of laboratory animals are subject to the Guidelines for the Humane Use and Care of Laboratory Animals published by the National Institutes of Health. 13 Regulatory obligations continue post-approval, and include the reporting of adverse events when a drug is utilized in the broader patient population. Promotion and marketing of drugs is also strictly regulated, with penalties imposed for violations of FDA regulations, the Lanham Act and other federal and state laws, including the federal anti-kickback statute. We currently intend to continue to seek, directly or through our collaborators, approval to market our products and product candidates in foreign countries, which may have regulatory processes that differ materially from those of the FDA. We anticipate that we will rely upon independent consultants to seek and gain approvals to market our proposed products in foreign countries or may rely on other pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies to license our proposed products. We cannot guarantee that approvals to market any of our proposed products can be obtained in any country. Approval to market a product in any one foreign country does not necessarily indicate that approval can be obtained in other countries. From time to time, legislation is drafted and introduced in Congress that could significantly change the statutory provisions governing the approval, manufacturing and marketing of drug products. In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often revised or reinterpreted by the agency or reviewing courts in ways that may significantly affect our business and development of our product candidates and any products that we may commercialize. It is impossible to predict whether additional legislative changes will be enacted, or FDA regulations, guidance or interpretations changed, or what the impact of any such changes may be. Executive Officers of the Registrant Information concerning our executive officers, including their names, ages and certain biographical information can be found in Part III, Item 10, Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . This information is incorporated by reference into Part I of this report. Employees As of February 14, 2019 , we had 281 full-time employees. None of our employees are unionized and we believe our employee relations to be good. 14 Item 1A. Risk Factors Risks Related To Our Business We have generated only limited revenues from product sales to date; we have a history of net losses and negative cash flows, and we may never achieve or maintain profitability. Relative to expenses incurred in our operations, we have generated only limited revenues from product sales, royalties, licensing fees, milestone payments, bulk rHuPH20 supply payments and research reimbursements to date and we may never generate sufficient revenues from future product sales, licensing fees and milestone payments to offset expenses. Even if we ultimately do achieve significant revenues from product sales, royalties, licensing fees, research reimbursements, bulk rHuPH20 supply payments and/or milestone payments, we expect to incur significant operating losses over the next few years and we may never become profitable on an extended basis. Through December 31, 2018 , we have incurred aggregate net losses of $531.4 million . If our product candidates do not receive and maintain regulatory approvals, or if approvals are not obtained in a timely manner, such failure or delay would substantially impair our ability to generate revenues. Approval from the FDA or equivalent health authorities is necessary to manufacture and market pharmaceutical products in the U.S. and the other countries in which we anticipate doing business have similar requirements. The process for obtaining FDA and other regulatory approvals is extensive, time-consuming, risky and costly, and there is no guarantee that the FDA or other regulatory bodies will approve any applications that may be filed with respect to any of our product candidates, or that the timing of any such approval will be appropriate for the desired product launch schedule for a product candidate. We and our collaborators attempt to provide guidance as to the timing for the filing and acceptance of such regulatory approvals, but such filings and approvals may not occur when we or our collaborators expect, or at all. The FDA or other foreign regulatory agency may refuse or delay approval of our product candidates for failure to collect sufficient clinical or animal safety data and require us or our collaborators to conduct additional clinical or animal safety studies which may cause lengthy delays and increased costs to our programs. For example, the approval of Baxalta’s HYQVIA BLA in the U.S. was delayed until we and Baxalta provided additional preclinical data sufficient to address concerns regarding non-neutralizing antibodies to rHuPH20 that were detected in the registration trial. Although these antibodies have not been associated with any known adverse clinical effects, and the HYQVIA BLA was approved by the FDA in September 2014, we cannot assure you that they will not arise and have an adverse impact on future development of products which include rHuPH20, future sales of Hylenex recombinant, our ability to enter into collaborations, or be raised by the FDA or other health authorities in connection with testing or approval of products including rHuPH20. We and our collaborators may not be successful in obtaining approvals for any additional potential products in a timely manner, or at all. Refer to the risk factor titled “ Our proprietary and collaboration product candidates or companion diagnostic assays may not receive regulatory approvals or their development may be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delayed or unsuccessful clinical trials, regulatory requirements or safety concerns ” for additional information relating to the approval of product candidates. Additionally, even with respect to products which have been approved for commercialization, in order to continue to manufacture and market pharmaceutical products, we or our collaborators must maintain our regulatory approvals. If we or any of our collaborators are unsuccessful in maintaining our regulatory approvals, our ability to generate revenues would be adversely affected. We may need to raise additional capital in the future and there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain such funds. We may need to raise additional capital in the future to continue the development of our product candidates or for other current corporate purposes. Our current cash reserves and expected revenues during the next few years will not be sufficient for us to continue the development of our proprietary product candidates, to fund general operations and conduct our business at the level desired. In addition, if we engage in acquisitions of companies, products or technologies in order to execute our business strategy, we may need to raise additional capital. We may raise additional capital in the future through one or more financing vehicles that may be available to us including (i) the public offering of securities; (ii) new collaborative agreements; (iii) expansions or revisions to existing collaborative relationships; (iv) private financings; (v) other equity or debt financings; and/or (vi) monetizing assets. 15 In view of our stage of development, business prospects, the nature of our capital structure and general market conditions, if we are required to raise additional capital in the future, the additional financing may not be available on favorable terms, or at all. If additional capital is not available on favorable terms when needed, we will be required to raise capital on adverse terms or significantly reduce operating expenses through the restructuring of our operations or deferral of one or more product development programs. If we raise additional capital, a substantial number of additional shares may be issued, which may negatively affect our stock price and these additional shares will dilute the ownership interest of our current investors. Use of our product candidates or those of our collaborators could be associated with side effects or adverse events. As with most pharmaceutical products, use of our product candidates or those of our collaborators could be associated with side effects or adverse events which can vary in severity (from minor reactions to death) and frequency (infrequent or prevalent). Side effects or adverse events associated with the use of our product candidates or those of our collaborators may be observed at any time, including in clinical trials or when a product is commercialized, and any such side effects or adverse events may negatively affect our or our collaborators’ ability to obtain or maintain regulatory approval or market our product candidates. Side effects such as toxicity or other safety issues associated with the use of our product candidates or those of our collaborators could require us or our collaborators to perform additional studies or halt development or commercialization of these product candidates or expose us to product liability lawsuits which will harm our business. We or our collaborators may be required by regulatory agencies to conduct additional animal or human studies regarding the safety and efficacy of our pharmaceutical product candidates which we have not planned or anticipated. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that we or our collaborators will resolve any issues related to any product related adverse events to the satisfaction of the FDA or any regulatory agency in a timely manner or ever, which could harm our business, prospects and financial condition. For example, in April 2014, a clinical hold was placed on patient enrollment and dosing of PEGPH20 in Study HALO- 202 as a result of a possible difference in the TE event rate that had been observed at that time in the trial between the group of patients treated with PEGPH20 versus the group of patients treated without PEGPH20. The clinical hold was lifted by the FDA in June 2014, and we have completed Study HALO-202. If our contract manufacturers are unable to manufacture and supply to us bulk rHuPH20 or other raw materials in the quantity and quality required by us or our collaborators for use in our products and product candidates, our product development and commercialization efforts could be delayed or stopped and our collaborations could be damaged. We have existing supply agreements with contract manufacturing organizations Avid Bioservices, Inc. (Avid) and Catalent Indiana LLC (formerly Cook Pharmica LLC) (Catalent) to produce bulk rHuPH20. These manufacturers each produce bulk rHuPH20 under cGMP for clinical uses. Catalent currently produces bulk rHuPH20 for use in Hylenex recombinant, product candidates and collaboration product candidates. Avid currently produces bulk rHuPH20 for use in collaboration products and collaboration product candidates. In addition to supply obligations, Avid and Catalent will also provide support for the chemistry, manufacturing and controls sections for FDA and other regulatory filings. We rely on their ability to successfully manufacture these batches according to product specifications. If either Avid or Catalent: (i) is unable to retain its status as an FDA approved manufacturing facility; (ii) is unable to otherwise successfully scale up bulk rHuPH20 production to meet corporate or regulatory authority quality standards; or (iii) fails to manufacture and supply bulk rHuPH20 in the quantity and quality required by us or our collaborators for use in our proprietary and collaboration products and product candidates for any other reason, our business will be adversely affected. In addition, a significant change in such parties’ or other third party manufacturers’ business or financial condition could adversely affect their abilities to fulfill their contractual obligations to us. We have not established, and may not be able to establish, favorable arrangements with additional bulk rHuPH20 manufacturers and suppliers of the ingredients necessary to manufacture bulk rHuPH20 should the existing manufacturers and suppliers become unavailable or in the event that our existing manufacturers and suppliers are unable to adequately perform their responsibilities. We have attempted to mitigate the impact of a potential supply interruption through the establishment of excess bulk rHuPH20 inventory where possible, but there can be no assurances that this safety stock will be maintained or that it will be sufficient to address any delays, interruptions or other problems experienced by Avid and/or Catalent. Any delays, interruptions or other problems regarding the ability of Avid and/or Catalent to supply bulk rHuPH20 or the ability of other third party manufacturers, to supply other raw materials or ingredients necessary to produce our products on a timely basis could: (i) cause the delay of clinical trials or otherwise delay or prevent the regulatory approval of proprietary or collaboration product candidates; (ii) delay or prevent the effective commercialization of proprietary or collaboration products; and/or (iii) cause us to breach contractual obligations to deliver bulk rHuPH20 to our collaborators. 16 Such delays would likely damage our relationship with our collaborators, and they would have a material adverse effect on royalties and thus our business and financial condition. If we or any party to a key collaboration agreement fail to perform material obligations under such agreement, or if a key collaboration agreement, is terminated for any reason, our business could significantly suffer. We have entered into multiple collaboration agreements under which we may receive significant future payments in the form of milestone payments, target designation fees, maintenance fees and royalties. We are dependent on our collaborators to develop and commercialize product candidates subject to our collaborations in order for us to realize any financial benefits from these collaborations. Our collaborators may not devote the attention and resources to such efforts that we would ourselves, change their clinical development plans, promotional efforts or simultaneously develop and commercialize products in competition to those products we have licensed to them. Any of these actions could not be visible to us immediately and could negatively impact the benefits and revenue we receive from such collaboration. In addition, in the event that a party fails to perform under a key collaboration agreement, or if a key collaboration agreement is terminated, the reduction in anticipated revenues could delay or suspend our product development activities for some of our product candidates, as well as our commercialization efforts for some or all of our products. Specifically, the termination of a key collaboration agreement by one of our collaborators could materially impact our ability to enter into additional collaboration agreements with new collaborators on favorable terms, if at all. In certain circumstances, the termination of a key collaboration agreement would require us to revise our corporate strategy going forward and reevaluate the applications and value of our technology. Most of our current proprietary and collaboration products and product candidates rely on the rHuPH20 enzyme, and any adverse development regarding rHuPH20 could substantially impact multiple areas of our business, including current and potential collaborations, as well as proprietary programs. rHuPH20 is a key technological component of ENHANZE technology and our most advanced proprietary and collaboration products and product candidates, including the current and future products and product candidates under our ENHANZE collaborations, our PEGPH20 program, and Hylenex recombinant. If there is an adverse development for rHuPH20 (e.g., an adverse regulatory determination relating to rHuPH20, if we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of rHuPH20, if we are unable to obtain or maintain material proprietary rights to rHuPH20 or if we discover negative characteristics of rHuPH20), multiple areas of our business, including current and potential collaborations, as well as proprietary programs would be substantially impacted. For example, elevated anti-rHuPH20 antibody titers were detected in the registration trial for Baxalta’s HYQVIA product as well as in a former collaborator’s product in a Phase 2 clinical trial with rHuPH20, but have not been associated, in either case, with any adverse events. We monitor for antibodies to rHuPH20 in our collaboration and proprietary programs, and although we do not believe at this time that the incidence of non-neutralizing anti-rHuPH20 antibodies in either the HYQVIA program or the former collaborator’s program will have a significant impact on our other proprietary and other collaboration product candidates, there can be no assurance that there will not be other such occurrences in the foregoing programs or our other programs or that concerns regarding these antibodies will not also be raised by the FDA or other health authorities in the future, which could result in delays or discontinuations of our development or commercialization activities or deter entry into additional collaborations with third parties. We routinely evaluate, and may modify, our business strategy and our strategic focus to only a few fields or applications of our technology which may increase the risk for potential negative impact from adverse developments. We routinely evaluate our business strategy, and may modify this strategy in the future in light of our assessment of unmet medical needs, growth potential, resource requirements, regulatory issues, competition, risks and other factors. As a result of these strategic evaluations, we may focus our resources and efforts on one or a few programs or fields and may suspend or reduce our efforts on other programs and fields. For example, in the third quarter of 2014, we decided to focus our resources on advancing PEGPH20 and expanding utilization of our ENHANZE technology. While we believe these are applications with the greatest potential value, we have reduced the diversification of our programs and increased our dependence on the success of the areas we are pursuing. By focusing on one or a few areas, we increase the potential impact on us if one of those programs or product candidates does not successfully complete clinical trials, achieve commercial acceptance or meet expectations regarding sales and revenue. Our decision to focus on one or a few programs may also reduce the value of programs that are no longer within our 17 principal strategic focus, which could impair our ability to pursue collaborations or other strategic alternatives for those programs we are not pursuing. Our proprietary and collaboration product candidates or companion diagnostic assays may not receive regulatory approvals or their development may be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delayed or unsuccessful clinical trials, regulatory requirements or safety concerns. Clinical testing of pharmaceutical products is a long, expensive and uncertain process, and the failure or delay of a clinical trial can occur at any stage, including the patient enrollment stage. Even if initial results of preclinical and nonclinical studies or clinical trial results are promising, we or our collaborators may obtain different results in subsequent trials or studies that fail to show the desired levels of safety and efficacy, or we may not, or our collaborators may not, obtain applicable regulatory approval for a variety of other reasons. Preclinical, nonclinical, and clinical trials for any of our proprietary or collaboration product candidates or development of any collaboration companion diagnostic assays could be unsuccessful, which would delay or preclude regulatory approval and commercialization of the product candidates or companion diagnostic assays. In the U.S. and other jurisdictions, regulatory approval can be delayed, limited or not granted for many reasons, including, among others: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • during the course of clinical studies, the final data may differ from initial reported data, and clinical results may not meet prescribed endpoints for the studies or otherwise provide sufficient data to support the efficacy of our product candidates; clinical and nonclinical test results may reveal side effects, adverse events or unexpected safety issues associated with the use of our product candidates; for example, in April 2014, a clinical hold was placed on patient enrollment and dosing of PEGPH20 in Study HALO-202 as a result of a possible difference in the TE event rate that had been observed at that time in the trial between the group of patients treated with PEGPH20 versus the group of patients treated without PEGPH20. The clinical hold was lifted by the FDA in June 2014, and Study HALO-202 is completed; completion of clinical trials may be delayed for a variety of reasons including the amount of time it may take to identify and enroll patients with high levels of HA in our target population, and the ability to procure drug supply required in clinical trial protocols; clinical trial results may be negatively impacted if our companion diagnostic does not accurately identify patients most likely to respond to the therapy, including the level of HA in patients; third parties, such as contract research organizations, upon whom we rely to help conduct and manage our clinical trials may not perform satisfactorily, fulfill their contractual obligations to us, meet expected deadlines or conduct our clinical trials in accordance with regulatory requirements or our stated protocols; regulatory review may not find a product candidate safe or effective enough to merit either continued testing or final approval; regulatory review may not find that the data from preclinical testing and clinical trials justifies approval; regulatory authorities may require that we change our studies or conduct additional studies which may significantly delay or make continued pursuit of approval commercially unattractive; a regulatory agency may reject our trial data or disagree with our interpretations of either clinical trial data or applicable regulations; a regulatory agency may approve only a narrow use of our product or may require additional safety monitoring and reporting through Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies or conditions to assure safe use programs; the cost of clinical trials required for product approval may be greater than what we originally anticipate, and we may decide to not pursue regulatory approval for such a product; a regulatory agency may not approve our manufacturing processes or facilities, or the processes or facilities of our collaborators, our contract manufacturers or our raw material suppliers; a regulatory agency may identify problems or other deficiencies in our existing manufacturing processes or facilities, or the existing processes or facilities of our collaborators, our contract manufacturers or our raw material suppliers; a regulatory agency may change its formal or informal approval requirements and policies, act contrary to previous guidance, adopt new regulations or raise new issues or concerns late in the approval process; or a product candidate may be approved only for indications that are narrow or under conditions that place the product at a competitive disadvantage, which may limit the sales and marketing activities for such product candidate or otherwise adversely impact the commercial potential of a product. 18 If a proprietary or collaboration product candidate or companion diagnostic assay is not approved in a timely fashion or obtained on commercially viable terms, or if development of any product candidate or a companion diagnostic assay is terminated due to difficulties or delays encountered in the regulatory approval process, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, and we would become more dependent on the development of other proprietary or collaboration product candidates and/or our ability to successfully acquire other products and technologies. There can be no assurances that any proprietary or collaboration product candidate or companion diagnostic assay will receive regulatory approval in a timely manner, or at all. There can be no assurance that we will be able to gain clarity as to the FDA’s requirements or that the requirements may be satisfied in a commercially feasible way, in which case our ability to enter into collaborations with third parties or explore other strategic alternatives to exploit this opportunity will be limited or may not be possible. We anticipate that certain proprietary and collaboration products will be marketed, and perhaps manufactured, in foreign countries. The process of obtaining regulatory approvals in foreign countries is subject to delay and failure for the reasons set forth above, as well as for reasons that vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. The approval process varies among countries and jurisdictions and can involve additional testing. The time required to obtain approval may differ from that required to obtain FDA approval. Foreign regulatory agencies may not provide approvals on a timely basis, if at all. Approval by the FDA does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries or jurisdictions, and approval by one foreign regulatory authority does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other foreign countries or jurisdictions or by the FDA. Our third party collaborators are responsible for providing certain proprietary materials that are essential components of our collaboration products and product candidates, and any failure to supply these materials could delay the development and commercialization efforts for these collaboration products and product candidates and/or damage our collaborations. Our development and commercialization collaborators are responsible for providing certain proprietary materials that are essential components of our collaboration products and product candidates. For example, Roche is responsible for producing the Herceptin and MabThera required for its subcutaneous products and Baxalta is responsible for producing the GAMMAGARD LIQUID for its product HYQVIA. If a collaborator, or any applicable third party service provider of a collaborator, encounters difficulties in the manufacture, storage, delivery, fill, finish or packaging of the collaboration product or product candidate or component of such product or product candidate, such difficulties could (i) cause the delay of clinical trials or otherwise delay or prevent the regulatory approval of collaboration product candidates; and/or (ii) delay or prevent the effective commercialization of collaboration products. Such delays could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. We rely on third parties to manufacture, prepare, fill, finish and package our products and product candidates, and if such third parties should fail to perform, our commercialization and development efforts for our products and product candidates could be delayed or stopped. We rely on third parties to manufacture, prepare, fill, finish, package, store and ship our products and product candidates on our behalf. If we are unable to locate third parties to perform these functions on terms that are acceptable to us, or if the third parties we identify fail to perform their obligations, the progress of clinical trials could be delayed or even suspended and the commercialization of approved product candidates could be delayed or prevented. In addition, we have scaled up our manufacturing of PEGPH20 with third party suppliers to support additional clinical trials, including the Phase 3 trial, and ultimately, if approved, potential commercial supply. If our contract manufacturers are unable to successfully manufacture and supply PEGPH20, the progress of our clinical trials could be delayed or halted for a period of time. If we are unable to sufficiently develop our sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into successful agreements with third parties to perform these functions, we will not be able to fully commercialize our products. We may not be successful in marketing and promoting our approved product, Hylenex recombinant, or any other products we develop or acquire in the future. Our sales, marketing and distribution capabilities are very limited. In order to commercialize any products successfully, we must internally develop substantial sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or establish collaborations or other arrangements with third parties to perform these services. We do not have extensive experience in these areas, and we may not be able to establish adequate in-house sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or engage and effectively manage relationships with third parties to perform any or all of such services. To the extent that we enter into co-promotion or other licensing arrangements, our product revenues are likely to be lower than if we directly marketed and sold our products, and any revenues we receive will depend upon the efforts of third parties, whose efforts may not meet our expectations or be successful. 19 These third parties would be largely responsible for the speed and scope of sales and marketing efforts, and may not dedicate the resources necessary to maximize product opportunities. Our ability to cause these third parties to increase the speed and scope of their efforts may also be limited. In addition, sales and marketing efforts could be negatively impacted by the delay or failure to obtain additional supportive clinical trial data for our products. In some cases, third party collaborators are responsible for conducting these additional clinical trials, and our ability to increase the efforts and resources allocated to these trials may be limited. If we or our collaborators fail to comply with regulatory requirements applicable to promotion, sale and manufacturing of approved products, regulatory agencies may take action against us or them, which could significantly harm our business. Any approved products, along with the manufacturing processes, post-approval clinical data, labeling, advertising and promotional activities for these products, are subject to continual requirements and review by the FDA, state and foreign regulatory bodies. Regulatory authorities subject a marketed product, its manufacturer and the manufacturing facilities to continual review and periodic inspections. We, our collaborators and our respective contractors, suppliers and vendors, will be subject to ongoing regulatory requirements, including complying with regulations and laws regarding advertising, promotion and sales of drug products, required submissions of safety and other post-market information and reports, registration requirements, cGMP regulations (including requirements relating to quality control and quality assurance, as well as the corresponding maintenance of records and documentation), and the requirements regarding the distribution of samples to physicians and recordkeeping requirements. Regulatory agencies may change existing requirements or adopt new requirements or policies. We, our collaborators and our respective contractors, suppliers and vendors, may be slow to adapt or may not be able to adapt to these changes or new requirements. In particular, regulatory requirements applicable to pharmaceutical products make the substitution of suppliers and manufacturers costly and time consuming. We have minimal internal manufacturing capabilities and are, and expect to be in the future, entirely dependent on contract manufacturers and suppliers for the manufacture of our products and for their active and other ingredients. The disqualification of these manufacturers and suppliers through their failure to comply with regulatory requirements could negatively impact our business because the delays and costs in obtaining and qualifying alternate suppliers (if such alternative suppliers are available, which we cannot assure) could delay clinical trials or otherwise inhibit our ability to bring approved products to market, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. Likewise, if we, our collaborators and our respective contractors, suppliers and vendors involved in sales and promotion of our products do not comply with applicable laws and regulations, for example off-label or false or misleading promotion, this could materially harm our business and financial condition. Failure to comply with regulatory requirements may result in any of the following: • • • • • • • • • • • • restrictions on our products or manufacturing processes; warning letters; withdrawal of the products from the market; voluntary or mandatory recall; fines; suspension or withdrawal of regulatory approvals; suspension or termination of any of our ongoing clinical trials; refusal to permit the import or export of our products; refusal to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications that we submit; product seizure; injunctions; or imposition of civil or criminal penalties. We currently have significant debt and failure by us to fulfill our obligations under the applicable loan agreements may cause the repayment obligations to accelerate. In December 2015, our subsidiaries, Halozyme, Inc. (Halozyme) and Halozyme Royalty LLC (Halozyme Royalty) entered into a credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) with BioPharma Credit Investments IV Sub, LP and Athyrium Opportunities II Acquisition LP (the Royalty-backed Lenders) pursuant to which we borrowed $150 million through Halozyme Royalty (the Royalty- 20 backed Loan). The Royalty-backed Loan will be repaid primarily from a specified percentage of the royalty payments we receive under our collaboration agreements with Roche and Baxalta (the Royalty Payments). The obligations of Halozyme Royalty under the Credit Agreement to repay the Royalty-backed Loan may be accelerated upon the occurrence of certain events of default under the Credit Agreement, including but not limited to: • • • • • • • if any payment of principal is not made within three days of when such payment is due and payable or otherwise made in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement; if any representations or warranties made in the Credit Agreement or any other transaction document proves to be incorrect or misleading in any material respect when made; if there occurs a default in the performance of affirmative and negative covenants set forth in the Credit Agreement or any other transaction document; the failure by either Baxalta or Roche to pay material amounts owed under our collaboration agreements because of an actual breach or default by us under the collaboration agreements; the voluntary or involuntary commencement of bankruptcy proceedings by either Halozyme or Halozyme Royalty and other insolvency related defaults; any materially adverse effect on the binding nature of any of the transaction documents or the collaboration agreements with Baxalta and Roche; or Halozyme ceases to own, of record and beneficially, 100% of the equity interests in Halozyme Royalty. The Credit Agreement also contains covenants applicable to Halozyme and Halozyme Royalty, including certain visitation, information and audits rights granted to the collateral agent and the lenders and restrictions on the conduct of business, including continued compliance with the Baxalta and Roche collaboration agreements and specified affirmative actions regarding the escrow account established to facilitate payment of Royalty Payments to the Royalty- backed Lenders or other specified parties. The Credit Agreement also contains covenants solely applicable to Halozyme Royalty, including restrictions on incurring indebtedness, creating or granting liens, making acquisitions and making specified restricted payments. These covenants could make it more difficult for us to execute our business strategy. In connection with the Royalty-backed Loan, Halozyme Royalty granted a first priority lien and security interest (subject only to permitted liens) in all of its assets and all real, intangible and personal property, including all of its right, title and interest in and to the Royalty Payments. In June 2016, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the Loan Agreement) with Oxford Finance LLC (Oxford) and Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) (collectively, the Lenders), providing a senior secured loan facility of up to an aggregate principal amount of $70 million, comprising a $55.0 million draw in June 2016 and an additional $15.0 million tranche, which we had the option to draw during the second quarter of 2017 and did not exercise. The initial proceeds were partially used to pay the outstanding principal and final payment owed on our previous loan agreement with the Lenders. The remaining proceeds are to be used for working capital and general business requirements. The Loan Agreement is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., except that the collateral does not include any equity interests in Halozyme, Inc., any intellectual property (including all licensing, collaboration and similar agreements relating thereto), and certain other excluded assets. The Loan Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants by us, which covenants limit our ability to convey, sell, lease, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of certain of our assets; engage in any business other than the businesses currently engaged in by us or reasonably related thereto; liquidate or dissolve; make certain management changes; undergo certain change of control events; create, incur, assume, or be liable with respect to certain indebtedness; grant certain liens; pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments; make certain investments; make payments on any subordinated debt; and enter into transactions with any of our affiliates outside of the ordinary course of business or permit our subsidiaries to do the same. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, we are required to maintain with SVB our primary deposit accounts, securities accounts and commodities, and to do the same for our domestic subsidiary. Complying with these covenants may make it more difficult for us to successfully execute our business strategy. The Loan Agreement also contains customary indemnification obligations and customary events of default, including, among other things, our failure to fulfill certain of our obligations under the Loan Agreement and the occurrence of a material adverse change which is defined as a material adverse change in our business, operations or condition (financial or otherwise), a material 21 impairment of the prospect of repayment of any portion of the loan, or a material impairment in the perfection or priority of the Lender’s lien in the collateral or in the value of such collateral. Our ability to make payments on our debt will depend on our future operating performance and ability to generate cash and may also depend on our ability to obtain additional debt or equity financing. We will need to use cash to pay principal and interest on our debt, thereby reducing the funds available to fund our research and development programs, strategic initiatives and working capital requirements. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash to service our debt obligation, an event of default may occur. In the event of default by us under the Credit Agreement or the Loan Agreement, the lenders would be entitled to exercise their remedies thereunder, including the right to accelerate the debt, upon which we may be required to repay all amounts then outstanding under the Credit Agreement or the Loan Agreement which could harm our financial condition. If proprietary or collaboration product candidates are approved for marketing but do not gain market acceptance, our business may suffer and we may not be able to fund future operations. Assuming that our proprietary or collaboration product candidates obtain the necessary regulatory approvals for commercial sale, a number of factors may affect the market acceptance of these existing product candidates or any other products which are developed or acquired in the future, including, among others: • • • • • • • the price of products relative to other therapies for the same or similar treatments; the perception by patients, physicians and other members of the health care community of the effectiveness and safety of these products for their prescribed treatments relative to other therapies for the same or similar treatments; our ability to fund our sales and marketing efforts and the ability and willingness of our collaborators to fund sales and marketing efforts; the degree to which the use of these products is restricted by the approved product label; the effectiveness of our sales and marketing efforts and the effectiveness of the sales and marketing efforts of our collaborators; the introduction of generic competitors; and the extent to which reimbursement for our products and related treatments will be available from third party payors including government insurance programs (Medicare and Medicaid) and private insurers. If these products do not gain market acceptance, we may not be able to fund future operations, including the development or acquisition of new product candidates and/or our sales and marketing efforts for our approved products, which would cause our business to suffer. In addition, our proprietary and collaboration product candidates will be restricted to the labels approved by FDA and applicable regulatory bodies, and these restrictions may limit the marketing and promotion of the ultimate products. If the approved labels are restrictive, the sales and marketing efforts for these products may be negatively affected. Developing and marketing pharmaceutical products for human use involves significant product liability risks for which we currently have limited insurance coverage. The testing, marketing and sale of pharmaceutical products involves the risk of product liability claims by consumers and other third parties. Although we maintain product liability insurance coverage, product liability claims can be high in the pharmaceutical industry, and our insurance may not sufficiently cover our actual liabilities. If product liability claims were to be made against us, it is possible that the liabilities may exceed the limits of our insurance policy, or our insurance carriers may deny, or attempt to deny, coverage in certain instances. If a lawsuit against us is successful, then the lack or insufficiency of insurance coverage could materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition. Furthermore, various distributors of pharmaceutical products require minimum product liability insurance coverage before purchase or acceptance of products for distribution. Failure to satisfy these insurance requirements could impede our ability to achieve broad distribution of our proposed products, and higher insurance requirements could impose additional costs on us. In addition, since many of our collaboration product candidates include the pharmaceutical products of a third party, we run the risk that problems with the third party pharmaceutical product will give rise to liability claims against us. 22 Our inability to attract, hire and retain key management and scientific personnel could negatively affect our business. Our success depends on the performance of key management and scientific employees with relevant experience. For example, in order to pursue our current business strategy, we will need to recruit and retain personnel experienced in oncology drug development which is a highly competitive market for talent. We depend substantially on our ability to hire, train, motivate and retain high quality personnel, especially our scientists and management team. Particularly in view of the small number of employees on our staff to cover our numerous programs and key functions, if we are unable to retain existing personnel or identify or hire additional personnel, we may not be able to research, develop, commercialize or market our products and product candidates as expected or on a timely basis and we may not be able to adequately support current and future alliances with strategic collaborators. Our use of domestic and international third-party contractors, consultants and staffing agencies also subjects us to potential co-employment liability claims. Furthermore, if we were to lose key management personnel, we would likely lose some portion of our institutional knowledge and technical know-how, potentially causing a substantial delay in one or more of our development programs until adequate replacement personnel could be hired and trained. We currently have a severance policy applicable to all employees and a change in control policy applicable to senior executives. We do not have key man life insurance policies on the lives of any of our employees. Our operations might be interrupted by the occurrence of a natural disaster or other catastrophic event. Our operations, including laboratories, offices and other research facilities, are located in four buildings in San Diego, California. In addition, we have a satellite office in South San Francisco, California. We depend on our facilities and on our collaborators, contractors and vendors for the continued operation of our business. Natural disasters or other catastrophic events, interruptions in the supply of natural resources, political and governmental changes, wildfires and other fires, floods, explosions, actions of animal rights activists, earthquakes and civil unrest could disrupt our operations or those of our collaborators, contractors and vendors. Even though we believe we carry commercially reasonable business interruption and liability insurance, and our contractors may carry liability insurance that protect us in certain events, we may suffer losses as a result of business interruptions that exceed the coverage available under our and our contractors’ insurance policies or for which we or our contractors do not have coverage. Any natural disaster or catastrophic event could have a significant negative impact on our operations and financial results. Moreover, any such event could delay our research and development programs. If we or our collaborators do not achieve projected development, clinical, regulatory or sales goals in the timeframes we publicly announce or otherwise expect, the commercialization of our products and the development of our product candidates may be delayed and, as a result, our stock price may decline, and we may face lawsuits relating to such declines. From time to time, we or our collaborators may publicly articulate the estimated timing for the accomplishment of certain scientific, clinical, regulatory and other product development goals. The accomplishment of any goal is typically based on numerous assumptions, and the achievement of a particular goal may be delayed for any number of reasons both within and outside of our control. If scientific, regulatory, strategic or other factors cause us to not meet a goal, regardless of whether that goal has been publicly articulated or not, our stock price may decline rapidly. For example, the announcement in April 2014 of the temporary halting of our Phase 2 clinical trial for PEGPH20 caused a rapid decline in our stock price. Stock price declines may also trigger direct or derivative shareholder lawsuits. As with any litigation proceeding, the eventual outcome of any legal action is difficult to predict. If any such lawsuits occur, we will incur expenses in connection with the defense of these lawsuits, and we may have to pay substantial damages or settlement costs in connection with any resolution thereof. Although we have insurance coverage against which we may claim recovery against some of these expenses and costs, the amount of coverage may not be adequate to cover the full amount or certain expenses and costs may be outside the scope of the policies we maintain. In the event of an adverse outcome or outcomes, our business could be materially harmed from depletion of cash resources, negative impact on our reputation, or restrictions or changes to our governance or other processes that may result from any final disposition of the lawsuit. Moreover, responding to and defending pending litigation significantly diverts management’s attention from our operations. In addition, the consistent failure to meet publicly announced milestones may erode the credibility of our management team with respect to future milestone estimates. 23 Future acquisitions could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition. In order to augment our product pipeline or otherwise strengthen our business, we may decide to acquire additional businesses, products and technologies. As we have limited experience in evaluating and completing acquisitions, our ability as an organization to make such acquisitions is unproven. Acquisitions could require significant capital infusions and could involve many risks, including, but not limited to, the following: • • • • • • • • • we may have to issue convertible debt or equity securities to complete an acquisition, which would dilute our stockholders and could adversely affect the market price of our common stock; an acquisition may negatively impact our results of operations because it may require us to amortize or write down amounts related to goodwill and other intangible assets, or incur or assume substantial debt or liabilities, or it may cause adverse tax consequences, substantial depreciation or deferred compensation charges; we may encounter difficulties in assimilating and integrating the business, products, technologies, personnel or operations of companies that we acquire; certain acquisitions may impact our relationship with existing or potential collaborators who are competitive with the acquired business, products or technologies; acquisitions may require significant capital infusions and the acquired businesses, products or technologies may not generate sufficient value to justify acquisition costs; we may take on liabilities from the acquired company such as debt, legal liabilities or business risk which could be significant; an acquisition may disrupt our ongoing business, divert resources, increase our expenses and distract our management; acquisitions may involve the entry into a geographic or business market in which we have little or no prior experience; and key personnel of an acquired company may decide not to work for us. If any of these risks occurred, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. There is no assurance that we will be able to identify or consummate any future acquisitions on acceptable terms, or at all. If we do pursue any acquisitions, it is possible that we may not realize the anticipated benefits from such acquisitions or that the market will not view such acquisitions positively. Security breaches may disrupt our operations and harm our operating results. We and our partners are subject to increasingly sophisticated attempts to gain unauthorized access to our information technology storage and access systems and are devoting resources to protect against such intrusion. The wrongful use, theft, deliberate sabotage or any other type of security breach with respect to any of our or any of our vendors and partners’ information technology storage and access systems could result in the disruption of our ability to use such systems or disclosure or dissemination of our or our partners’ proprietary and confidential information that is electronically stored, including research or clinical data and information regarding strategic initiatives, resulting in a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. Our security and data recovery measures may not be adequate to protect against computer viruses, break-ins, and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our electronic storage systems. Furthermore, any physical break-in or trespass of our facilities could result in the misappropriation, theft, sabotage or any other type of security breach with respect to our proprietary and confidential information, including research or clinical data or damage to our research and development equipment and assets. Such adverse effects could be material and irrevocable to our business, operating results and financial condition. Risks Related To Ownership of Our Common Stock Our stock price is subject to significant volatility. We participate in a highly dynamic industry which often results in significant volatility in the market price of common stock irrespective of company performance. The high and low sales prices of our common stock during the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 were $21.48 and $13.24 , respectively. We expect our stock price to continue to be subject to significant volatility and, in addition to the other risks and uncertainties described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and all other risks and uncertainties that are either not known to us at this time or which we deem to be immaterial, any of the following factors may lead to a significant drop in our stock price: 24 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • the presence of competitive products to those being developed by us; failure (actual or perceived) of our collaborators to devote attention or resources to the development or commercialization of product candidates licensed to such collaborator; a dispute regarding our failure, or the failure of one of our third party collaborators, to comply with the terms of a collaboration agreement; the termination, for any reason, of any of our collaboration agreements; the sale of common stock by any significant stockholder, including, but not limited to, direct or indirect sales by members of management or our Board of Directors; the resignation, or other departure, of members of management or our Board of Directors; general negative conditions in the healthcare industry; general negative conditions in the financial markets; the cost associated with obtaining regulatory approval for any of our proprietary or collaboration product candidates; the failure, for any reason, to secure or defend our intellectual property position; for those products that are not yet approved for commercial sale, the failure or delay of applicable regulatory bodies to approve such products; identification of safety or tolerability issues; failure of clinical trials to meet efficacy endpoints; suspensions or delays in the conduct of clinical trials or securing of regulatory approvals; adverse regulatory action with respect to our and our collaborators’ products and product candidates such as clinical holds, imposition of onerous requirements for approval or product recalls; our failure, or the failure of our third party collaborators, to successfully commercialize products approved by applicable regulatory bodies such as the FDA; our failure, or the failure of our third party collaborators, to generate product revenues anticipated by investors; disruptions in our clinical or commercial supply chains, including disruptions caused by problems with a bulk rHuPH20 contract manufacturer or a fill and finish manufacturer for any product or product candidate; the sale of additional debt and/or equity securities by us; our failure to obtain financing on acceptable terms or at all; or a restructuring of our operations. Future transactions where we raise capital may negatively affect our stock price. We are currently a “Well-Known Seasoned Issuer” and may file automatic shelf registration statements at any time with the SEC. In February 2017, we filed an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-216315) with the SEC. Sales of substantial amounts of shares of our common stock or other securities under our current or future shelf registration statements could lower the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of equity securities. Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may make an acquisition of us more difficult. Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may make an acquisition of us more difficult. First, our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors. Under Delaware law, directors of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, does not provide otherwise. In addition, our bylaws limit who may call special meetings of stockholders, permitting only stockholders holding at least 50% of our outstanding shares to call a special meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, does not include a provision for cumulative voting for directors. Under cumulative voting, a minority stockholder holding a sufficient percentage of a class of shares may be able to ensure the election of one or more directors. Finally, our bylaws establish procedures, including advance notice procedures, with regard to the nomination of candidates for election as directors and stockholder proposals. These provisions may discourage potential takeover attempts, discourage bids for our common stock at a premium over market price or adversely affect the market price of, and the voting and other rights of the holders of, our common stock. These 25 provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors other than the candidates nominated by our board of directors. In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which may prohibit large stockholders from consummating a merger with, or acquisition of, us. These provisions may deter an acquisition of us that might otherwise be attractive to stockholders. Risks Related to Our Industry Our products must receive regulatory approval before they can be sold, and compliance with the extensive government regulations is expensive and time consuming and may result in the delay or cancellation of product sales, introductions or modifications. Extensive industry regulation has had, and will continue to have, a significant impact on our business. All pharmaceutical companies, including ours, are subject to extensive, complex, costly and evolving regulation by the health regulatory agencies including the FDA (and with respect to controlled drug substances, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)) and equivalent foreign regulatory agencies and state and local/regional government agencies. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, the Controlled Substances Act and other domestic and foreign statutes and regulations govern or influence the testing, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, storing, recordkeeping, safety, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution of our products. We are dependent on receiving FDA and other governmental approvals, including regulatory approvals in jurisdictions outside the United States, prior to manufacturing, marketing and shipping our products. Consequently, there is always a risk that the FDA or other applicable governmental authorities, including those outside the United States, will not approve our products or may impose onerous, costly and time-consuming requirements such as additional clinical or animal testing. Regulatory authorities may require that we change our studies or conduct additional studies, which may significantly delay or make continued pursuit of approval commercially unattractive. For example, the approval of Baxalta’s HYQVIA BLA was delayed by the FDA until we and Baxalta provided additional preclinical data sufficient to address concerns regarding non-neutralizing antibodies to rHuPH20 that were detected in the registration trial. Although these antibodies have not been associated with any known adverse clinical effects, and the HYQVIA BLA was approved by the FDA in September 2014, the FDA or other foreign regulatory agency may, at any time, halt our and our collaborators’ development and commercialization activities due to safety concerns. In addition, even if our products are approved, regulatory agencies may also take post-approval action limiting or revoking our ability to sell our products. Any of these regulatory actions may adversely affect the economic benefit we may derive from our products and therefore harm our financial condition. Under certain of these regulations, we and our contract suppliers and manufacturers are subject to periodic inspection of our or their respective facilities, procedures and operations and/or the testing of products by the FDA, the DEA and other authorities, which conduct periodic inspections to confirm that we and our contract suppliers and manufacturers are in compliance with all applicable regulations. The FDA also conducts pre-approval and post-approval reviews and plant inspections to determine whether our systems, or our contract suppliers’ and manufacturers’ processes, are in compliance with cGMP and other FDA regulations. If we, or our contract supplier, fail these inspections, we may not be able to commercialize our product in a timely manner without incurring significant additional costs, or at all. In addition, the FDA imposes a number of complex regulatory requirements on entities that advertise and promote pharmaceuticals including, but not limited to, standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion, industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities, and promotional activities involving the internet. We may be subject, directly or indirectly, to various broad federal and state healthcare laws. If we are unable to comply, or have not fully complied, with such laws, we could face civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, monetary fines, disgorgement, possible exclusion from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings and curtailment or restructuring of our operations, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate. Our business operations and activities may be directly, or indirectly, subject to various broad federal and state healthcare laws, including without limitation, anti-kickback laws, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), false claims laws, civil monetary penalty laws, data privacy and security laws, tracing and tracking laws, as well as transparency laws regarding payments or other 26 items of value provided to healthcare providers. These laws may restrict or prohibit a wide range of business activities, including, but not limited to, research, manufacturing, distribution, pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion and other business arrangements. These laws may impact, among other things, our current activities with principal investigators and research subjects, as well as sales, marketing and education programs. Many states have similar healthcare fraud and abuse laws, some of which may be broader in scope and may not be limited to items or services for which payment is made by a government health care program. Efforts to ensure that our business arrangements will comply with applicable healthcare laws may involve substantial costs. While we have adopted a healthcare corporate compliance program, it is possible that governmental and enforcement authorities will conclude that our business practices may not comply with current or future statutes, regulations or case law interpreting applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare laws. If our operations or activities are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or any other governmental regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to, without limitation, civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, monetary fines, disgorgement, possible exclusion from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings and curtailment or restructuring of our operations, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate. In addition, any sales of products outside the U.S. will also likely subject us to the FCPA and foreign equivalents of the healthcare laws mentioned above, among other foreign laws. We may be required to initiate or defend against legal proceedings related to intellectual property rights, which may result in substantial expense, delay and/or cessation of the development and commercialization of our products. We primarily rely on patents to protect our intellectual property rights. The strength of this protection, however, is uncertain. For example, it is not certain that: • • • • we will be able to obtain patent protection for our products and technologies; the scope of any of our issued patents will be sufficient to provide commercially significant exclusivity for our products and technologies; others will not independently develop similar or alternative technologies or duplicate our technologies and obtain patent protection before we do; and any of our issued patents, or patent pending applications that result in issued patents, will be held valid, enforceable and infringed in the event the patents are asserted against others. We currently own or license several patents and also have pending patent applications applicable to rHuPH20 and other proprietary materials. There can be no assurance that our existing patents, or any patents issued to us as a result of our pending patent applications, will provide a basis for commercially viable products, will provide us with any competitive advantages, or will not face third party challenges or be the subject of further proceedings limiting their scope or enforceability. Any weaknesses or limitations in our patent portfolio could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. In addition, if any of our pending patent applications do not result in issued patents, or result in issued patents with narrow or limited claims, this could result in us having no or limited protection against generic or biosimilar competition against our product candidates which would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. We may become involved in interference proceedings in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or other proceedings in other jurisdictions, to determine the priority, validity or enforceability of our patents. In addition, costly litigation could be necessary to protect our patent position. We also rely on trademarks to protect the names of our products (e.g. Hylenex recombinant). We may not be able to obtain trademark protection for any proposed product names we select. In addition, product names for pharmaceutical products must be approved by health regulatory authorities such as the FDA in addition to meeting the legal standards required for trademark protection and product names we propose may not be timely approved by regulatory agencies which may delay product launch. In addition, our trademarks may be challenged by others. If we enforce our trademarks against third parties, such enforcement proceedings may be expensive. We also rely on trade secrets, unpatented proprietary know-how and continuing technological innovation that we seek to protect with confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants and others with whom we discuss our business. Disputes may 27 arise concerning the ownership of intellectual property or the applicability or enforceability of these agreements, and we might not be able to resolve these disputes in our favor. In addition to protecting our own intellectual property rights, third parties may assert patent, trademark or copyright infringement or other intellectual property claims against us. If we become involved in any intellectual property litigation, we may be required to pay substantial damages, including but not limited to treble damages, attorneys’ fees and costs, for past infringement if it is ultimately determined that our products infringe a third party’s intellectual property rights. Even if infringement claims against us are without merit, defending a lawsuit takes significant time, may be expensive and may divert management’s attention from other business concerns. Further, we may be stopped from developing, manufacturing or selling our products until we obtain a license from the owner of the relevant technology or other intellectual property rights. If such a license is available at all, it may require us to pay substantial royalties or other fees. Patent protection for protein-based therapeutic products and other biotechnology inventions is subject to a great deal of uncertainty, and if patent laws or the interpretation of patent laws change, our competitors may be able to develop and commercialize products based on our discoveries. Patent protection for protein-based therapeutic products is highly uncertain and involves complex legal and factual questions. In recent years, there have been significant changes in patent law, including the legal standards that govern the scope of protein and biotechnology patents. Standards for patentability of full-length and partial genes, and their corresponding proteins, are changing. Recent court decisions have made it more difficult to obtain patents, by making it more difficult to satisfy the patentable subject matter requirement and the requirement of non-obviousness, have decreased the availability of injunctions against infringers, and have increased the likelihood of challenging the validity of a patent through a declaratory judgment action. Taken together, these decisions could make it more difficult and costly for us to obtain, license and enforce our patents. In addition, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (HR 1249) was signed into law in September 2011, which among other changes to the U.S. patent laws, changes patent priority from “first to invent” to “first to file,” implements a post-grant opposition system for patents and provides for a prior user defense to infringement. These judicial and legislative changes have introduced significant uncertainty in the patent law landscape and may potentially negatively impact our ability to procure, maintain and enforce patents to provide exclusivity for our products. There also have been, and continue to be, policy discussions concerning the scope of patent protection awarded to biotechnology inventions. Social and political opposition to biotechnology patents may lead to narrower patent protection within the biotechnology industry. Social and political opposition to patents on genes and proteins and recent court decisions concerning patentability of isolated genes may lead to narrower patent protection, or narrower claim interpretation, for isolated genes, their corresponding proteins and inventions related to their use, formulation and manufacture. Patent protection relating to biotechnology products is also subject to a great deal of uncertainty outside the U.S., and patent laws are evolving and undergoing revision in many countries. Changes in, or different interpretations of, patent laws worldwide may result in our inability to obtain or enforce patents, and may allow others to use our discoveries to develop and commercialize competitive products, which would impair our business. If third party reimbursement and customer contracts are not available, our products may not be accepted in the market. Our ability to earn sufficient returns on our products will depend in part on the extent to which reimbursement for our products and related treatments will be available from government health administration authorities, private health insurers, managed care organizations and other healthcare providers. Third-party payors are increasingly attempting to limit both the coverage and the level of reimbursement of new drug products to contain costs. Consequently, significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved healthcare products. Third party payors may not establish adequate levels of reimbursement for the products that we commercialize, which could limit their market acceptance and result in a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition. Customer contracts, such as with group purchasing organizations and hospital formularies, will often not offer contract or formulary status without either the lowest price or substantial proven clinical differentiation. If, for example, Hylenex is compared to animal-derived hyaluronidases by these entities, it is possible that neither of these conditions will be met, which could limit market acceptance and result in a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition. 28 The rising cost of healthcare and related pharmaceutical product pricing has led to cost containment pressures that could cause us to sell our products at lower prices, resulting in less revenue to us. Any of the proprietary or collaboration products that have been, or in the future are, approved by the FDA may be purchased or reimbursed by state and federal government authorities, private health insurers and other organizations, such as health maintenance organizations and managed care organizations. Such third party payors increasingly challenge pharmaceutical product pricing. The trend toward managed healthcare in the U.S., the growth of such organizations, and various legislative proposals and enactments to reform healthcare and government insurance programs, including the Medicare Prescription Drug Modernization Act of 2003, could significantly influence the manner in which pharmaceutical products are prescribed and purchased, resulting in lower prices and/or a reduction in demand. Such cost containment measures and healthcare reforms could adversely affect our ability to sell our products. In March 2010, the U.S. adopted the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (the PPACA). This law substantially changes the way healthcare is financed by both governmental and private insurers, and significantly impacts the pharmaceutical industry. The PPACA contains a number of provisions that are expected to impact our business and operations, in some cases in ways we cannot currently predict. Changes that may affect our business include those governing enrollment in federal healthcare programs, reimbursement changes, fraud and abuse and enforcement. These changes will impact existing government healthcare programs and will result in the development of new programs, including Medicare payment for performance initiatives and improvements to the physician quality reporting system and feedback program. Additional provisions of the PPACA may negatively affect our revenues in the future. For example, the PPACA imposes a non-deductible excise tax on pharmaceutical manufacturers or importers that sell branded prescription drugs to U.S. government programs that we believe will impact our revenues from our products. In addition, as part of the PPACA’s provisions closing a funding gap that currently exists in the Medicare Part D prescription drug program, we will also be required to provide a discount on branded prescription drugs dispensed to beneficiaries under this prescription drug program. Recently, Congress and the current administration have proposed and taken various steps to revise, repeal or delay implementation of, various aspects of the Healthcare Reform Act. We expect that the PPACA, as it may be amended, and other healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future could have a material adverse effect on our industry generally and on our ability to maintain or increase our product sales or successfully commercialize our product candidates and could limit or eliminate our future spending on development projects. Furthermore, individual states have become increasingly aggressive in passing legislation and implementing regulations designed to control pharmaceutical product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints, discounts, restrictions on certain product access, importation from other countries and bulk purchasing. Legally mandated price controls on payment amounts by third party payors or other restrictions could negatively and materially impact our revenues and financial condition. We anticipate that we will encounter similar regulatory and legislative issues in most other countries outside the U.S. We face intense competition and rapid technological change that could result in the development of products by others that are competitive with or superior to our proprietary and collaboration products under development. Our proprietary and collaboration products have numerous competitors in the U.S. and abroad including, among others, major pharmaceutical and specialized biotechnology firms, universities and other research institutions that have developed competing products. The competitors for Hylenex recombinant include, but are not limited to, Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’s FDA-approved product, Vitrase ® , an ovine (ram) hyaluronidase, and Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s product, Amphadase ® , a bovine (bull) hyaluronidase. For our PEGPH20 product candidate and our ENHANZE technology, such competitors may include major pharmaceutical and specialized biotechnology firms. These competitors may develop technologies and products that are more effective, safer, or less costly than our current or future proprietary and collaboration product candidates or that could render our technologies and product candidates obsolete or noncompetitive. Many of these competitors have substantially more resources and product development, manufacturing and marketing experience and capabilities than we do. In addition, many of our competitors have significantly greater experience than we do in undertaking preclinical testing and clinical trials of pharmaceutical product candidates and obtaining FDA and other regulatory approvals of products and therapies for use in healthcare. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None. 29 Item 2. Properties Our administrative offices and research facilities are currently located in San Diego, California. We lease an aggregate of approximately 80,000 square feet of office and research space. In addition, we have an office in South San Francisco, California, where we lease approximately 10,000 square feet of office space. We believe our facilities are adequate for our current and near-term needs, and, if necessary, we will be able to locate additional facilities as needed. Item 3. Legal Proceedings From time to time, we may be involved in disputes, including litigation, relating to claims arising out of operations in the normal course of our business. Any of these claims could subject us to costly legal expenses and, while we generally believe that we have adequate insurance to cover many different types of liabilities, our insurance carriers may deny coverage or our policy limits may be inadequate to fully satisfy any damage awards or settlements. If this were to happen, the payment of any such awards could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial position. Additionally, any such claims, whether or not successful, could damage our reputation and business. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 30 PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Market Information Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “HALO.” As of February 14, 2019 , we had approximately 18,250 stockholders of record and beneficial owners of our common stock. Dividends We have never declared or paid any dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain available cash for funding operations; therefore, we do not expect to pay any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. In addition, the provisions of our borrowing arrangements limit, among other things, our ability to pay dividends and make certain other payments. Any future determination to pay dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other factors, our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, contract restrictions, business prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant. 31 Stock Performance Graph and Cumulative Total Return Notwithstanding any statement to the contrary in any of our previous or future filings with the SEC, the following information relating to the price performance of our common stock shall not be deemed to be “filed” with the SEC or to be “soliciting material” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and it shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing. The graph below compares Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.’s cumulative five-year total shareholder return on common stock with the cumulative total returns of the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each of the indexes (with the reinvestment of all dividends) from December 31, 2013 to December 31, 2018. The historical stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance. 32 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. NASDAQ Composite NASDAQ Biotechnology Item 6. Selected Financial Data 12/31/2013 $100 12/31/2014 $64 12/31/2015 $116 12/31/2016 $66 12/31/2017 $135 12/31/2018 $98 $100 $100 $115 $134 $123 $150 $134 $118 $173 $144 $158 $140 The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , and for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. This information should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements, the notes thereto, and with “ Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .” The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that are contained in reports previously filed with the SEC, not included herein. Statement of Operations Data: 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Summary Financial Information Year Ended December 31, Total revenues Net (loss) income Net (loss) income per share, basic Net (loss) income per share, diluted Shares used in computing net (loss) income per share, basic Shares used in computing net (loss) income per share, diluted Balance Sheet Data: Cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities Working capital Total assets Deferred revenue Long-term debt, net Total liabilities Stockholders’ equity (deficit) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 151,862 $ (in thousands, except for per share amounts) 316,613 $ 146,691 $ 135,057 $ 75,334 (80,330) $ 62,971 $ (103,023) $ (32,231) $ (68,375) (0.56) $ (0.56) $ 0.46 $ 0.45 $ (0.81) $ (0.81) $ (0.25) $ (0.25) $ 143,599 143,599 136,419 139,068 127,964 127,964 126,704 126,704 (0.56) (0.56) 122,690 122,690 As of December 31, 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 (in thousands) 354,526 $ 469,214 $ 204,981 $ 108,339 $ 278,488 $ 379,044 $ 201,947 $ 109,315 $ 440,248 $ 519,945 $ 261,515 $ 181,789 $ 9,255 $ 60,865 $ 44,618 $ 53,223 $ 34,874 $ 125,140 $ 199,228 $ 27,971 $ 135,623 136,990 165,977 54,634 49,860 191,361 $ 311,579 $ 293,996 $ 138,790 $ 124,625 248,887 $ 208,366 $ (32,481) $ 42,999 $ 41,352 33 Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ substantially from those referred to herein due to a number of factors, including but not limited to risks described in the Part I, Item 1A, Risks Factors, and elsewhere in this Annual Report. References to “Notes” are Notes included in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Overview Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. is a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing novel oncology therapies. Our proprietary enzymes are used to facilitate the delivery of injected drugs and fluids, potentially enhancing the efficacy and the convenience of other drugs or can be used to alter tissue structures for potential clinical benefit. We exploit our technology and expertise using a two pillar strategy that we believe enables us to manage risk and cost by: (1) developing our own proprietary products in therapeutic areas with significant unmet medical needs, with a focus on oncology, and (2) licensing our technology to biopharmaceutical companies to collaboratively develop products that combine our technology with the collaborators’ proprietary compounds. The majority of our approved product and product candidates are based on rHuPH20, our patented recombinant human hyaluronidase enzyme. Our proprietary development pipeline consists primarily of pre-clinical and clinical stage product candidates in oncology. Our lead oncology program is Pegvorhyaluronidase alfa (PVHA), also referred to as PEGylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (PEGPH20), a molecular entity we are developing in combination with currently approved cancer therapies as a candidate for the systemic treatment of tumors that accumulate HA. We have demonstrated that when HA accumulates in a tumor, it can cause higher pressure in the tumor, reducing blood flow into the tumor and with that, reduced access of cancer therapies to the tumor. Through our efforts and efforts of our partners and collaborators, we are currently in Phase 3 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with ABRAXANE ® (nab- paclitaxel) and gemcitabine in stage IV pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (“PDA”) (HALO 109-301), in Phase 1b clinical testing for PEGPH20 with KEYTRUDA ® (pembrolizumab) in non-small cell lung cancer (HALO 107-101), in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq ® (atezolizumab) in patients with previously treated metastatic PDA, in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq in patients with gastric cancer and in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gall bladder cancer (HALO 110-101/MATRIX). We refer to the application of rHuPH20 to facilitate the delivery of other drugs or fluids as our ENHANZE ® Drug Delivery Technology (ENHANZE). We license the ENHANZE technology to form collaborations with biopharmaceutical companies that develop or market drugs requiring or benefiting from injection via the subcutaneous route of administration. We currently have ENHANZE collaborations with F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. and Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc. (Roche), Baxalta US Inc. and Baxalta GmbH (now members of the Takeda group of companies, following the acquisition of Shire plc by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited in January 2019) (Baxalta), Pfizer Inc. (Pfizer), Janssen Biotech, Inc. (Janssen), AbbVie, Inc. (AbbVie), Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly), Bristol- Myers Squibb Company (BMS), Alexion Pharma Holding (Alexion) and ARGENX BVBA (argenx).We receive royalties from two of these collaborations, including royalties from sales of one product from the Baxalta collaboration and two products from the Roche collaboration. Future potential revenues from the sales and/or royalties of our approved products, product candidates, and ENHANZE collaborations will depend on the ability of Halozyme and our collaborators to develop, manufacture, secure and maintain regulatory approvals for approved products and product candidates and commercialize product candidates. 34 Our 2018 and recent key events are as follows: ENHANZE collaborations • • • • • • • • • • • • In February 2019, we entered into an agreement with argenx for the right to develop and commercialize one exclusive target, the human neonatal Fc receptor FcRn, which includes argenx's lead asset efgartigimod (ARGX-113), and an option to select two additional targets using our ENHANZE technology for an upfront payment of $30.0 million. We will receive payments of $10.0 million per target for future target nominations and potential milestone payments of up to $160.0 million per target, subject to the achievement of specific development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. We will receive mid-single digit royalties on sales of commercialized products. In December 2018, Roche initiated a Ph1b/2 study start in patients with non-small cell lung cancer for TECENTRIQ (atezolizumab) in combination with our ENHANZE technology, triggering a $5.0 million milestone payment. In October 2018, we entered into an agreement with Roche for the right to develop and commercialize one additional exclusive target and an option to select two additional targets within four years using our ENHANZE technology for an upfront payment of $25.0 million. We will receive potential milestone payments of up to $160.0 million to $165.0 million per target, subject to the achievement of specific development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. We will also receive mid-single digit royalties on sales of commercialized products. In October 2018, BMS dosed the first patient in a Phase 1 study evaluating the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of BMS-986179, an investigational anti-CD-73 antibody, and ENHANZE technology, triggering a $5.0 million milestone payment. In September 2018, we announced that Roche received approval from Health Canada for a subcutaneous formulation of Herceptin (trastuzumab) for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. This is a co-formulation with our ENHANZE technology. In August 2018, Alexion initiated a Phase 1 trial to study a next-generation subcutaneous formulation of ALXN1210 co-administered with ENHANZE technology, triggering a $5.0 million milestone payment. In July 2018, we announced the FDA accepted a Biologics License Application (BLA) from Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, for a subcutaneous version of Herceptin in its FDA-approved breast cancer indications. This is the same co-formulation with ENHANZE technology marketed under the Herceptin SC brand in many countries outside the U.S. In June 2018, Roche initiated a global Phase 3 study of a fixed-dose combination of Perjeta ® (pertuzumab) and Herceptin (trastuzumab) with ENHANZE technology in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. This study follows supportive Phase 1 results from the same combination shared at the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. In January 2018, Roche initiated a Phase 1 study for an undisclosed target with ENHANZE Technology, triggering a $1.0 million milestone payment. Clinical trials In November 2018, the FDA agreed to our request to change the primary endpoint of the HALO-301 study from two primary endpoints of progression- free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) to a single primary endpoint of OS. As a result, the previously planned interim analysis for the PFS endpoint will not be conducted. In January 2019, the FDA completed their review of the submitted clinical study protocol amendment and statistical analysis plan with no additional questions or comments. The study completed enrollment with approximately 500 patients by the end of 2018. In March 2018, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office granted us a patent covering the combination of PEGPH20, ABRAXANE and gemcitabine. This is the combination being studied in our HALO-301 registration trial in pancreas cancer. Following this action, we obtained exclusive rights to the claimed combination through March 2033. The same application is pending or has been issued in multiple countries outside of the United States. In January 2018, the Phase 1b portion of the study of HALAVEN (eribulin) with PEGPH20 in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer closed enrollment. As a result of an Eisai portfolio decision, no further clinical development is planned on 35 the Phase 2 portion of the study. Results from this study were presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO). Results of Operations Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 Royalties – Royalty revenue was $79.0 million in 2018 compared to $63.5 million in 2017 and $51.0 million in 2016 . The increase was driven by higher sales of Herceptin SC and MabThera SC (RITUXAN HYCELA™ in the U.S.) by Roche and of HYQVIA by Baxalta. In general, we expect royalty revenue to increase in future periods reflecting expected increases in sales of collaboration products, although there may be periods with flat or declining royalty revenue as sales of products under collaborations vary. Product Sales, Net – Product sales, net were as follows (in thousands): Sales of Hylenex Sales of bulk rHuPH20: Roche Janssen Baxalta Other Sales of ENHANZE drug product Total product sales, net 2018 Change 2017 Change 2016 $ 15,045 (1)% $ 15,150 (6)% $ 16,157 6,767 2,510 1,820 1,632 460 (70)% 22,325 (10)% 24,786 n/a (84)% 36 % n/a — 11,717 1,204 — n/a 5 % (10)% n/a — 11,117 1,332 — $ 28,234 (44)% $ 50,396 (6)% $ 53,392 Product sales, net decreased in 2018 compared to 2017 , primarily due to a decrease in the sales of bulk rHuPH20 to Roche and Baxalta, partially offset by an increase in sales of bulk rHuPH20 to Janssen. As previously anticipated, Roche and Baxalta are depleting their existing inventory of rHuPH20 ahead of planned transitions to new manufacturing facilities, which resulted in lower bulk rHuPH20 product sales during 2018. Product sales, net decreased in 2017 compared to 2016 , mainly due to decreases in the sales of bulk rHuPH20 to Roche and Hylenex , partially offset by an increase in sales of bulk rHuPH20 to Baxalta. We expect that product sales of bulk rHuPH20 and ENHANZE drug product will fluctuate in future periods based on the needs of our collaborators. We expect that future product sales of Hylenex to be flat or declining as we experience competition for market share. Revenues Under Collaborative Agreements – Revenues under collaborative agreements were as follows (in thousands): Upfront license fees, license fees for the election of additional targets, event- based payments, license maintenance fees and amortization of deferred upfront and other license fees: 2018 Change 2017 Change 2016 Roche BMS Alexion Other Reimbursements for research and development services: Roche Other $ 31,000 (7)% $ 33,330 902 % $ 3,328 6,336 5,000 (94)% (88)% — (100)% 101,400 40,000 15,810 42,336 (78)% 190,540 1,369 942 2,311 (80)% (82)% (81)% 6,900 5,270 12,170 n/a n/a (10%) 814% (63%) 90 % (43%) — — 17,515 20,843 18,700 2,772 21,472 42,315 Total revenues under collaborative agreements $ 44,647 (78)% $ 202,710 379% $ Revenue from license fees decreased in 2018 , compared to 2017 due to $41.0 million in upfront license fees and milestone revenue for the Roche, BMS and Alexion Collaborations recognized in 2018, compared to $186.4 million in upfront license fees 36 and milestone revenue for the Roche, BMS, Alexion and Janssen Collaborations recognized in 2017. In 2016, we recognized $15.5 million in license fee and milestone revenue in connection with the Lilly, AbbVie and Pfizer collaborations. Revenue from upfront licenses fees, license fees for the election of additional targets, license maintenance fees and other license fees and event-based payments vary from period to period based on our ENHANZE collaboration activity. We expect these revenues to continue to fluctuate in future periods based on our collaborators’ ability to meet various clinical and regulatory milestones set forth in such agreements and our abilities to obtain new collaborative agreements. Revenue from reimbursements for research and development services decreased in 2018 compared to 2017, mainly due to a decrease in services provided to Roche related to the validation of a new manufacturing facility, which was was completed in the second quarter of 2017, combined with a decrease in services provided to Janssen and Baxalta. Research and development services rendered by us on behalf of our collaborators are at the request of the collaborators; therefore, the amount of future revenues related to reimbursable research and development services is uncertain. Cost of Product Sales – Cost of product sales were $10.1 million in 2018 compared to $31.2 million in 2017 and $33.2 million in 2016 . The decrease of $21.1 million in cost of product sales in 2018 compared to 2017 and the decrease of $2.0 million in 2017 compared to 2016 were mainly due to a decrease in sales of bulk rHuPH20 to Roche and Baxalta. There were $2.6 million in costs of bulk rHuPH20 and ENHANZE drug product sales for the year ended December 31, 2018 that were previously expensed as research and development. Research and Development – Research and development expenses consist of external costs, salaries and benefits and allocation of facilities and other overhead expenses related to research manufacturing, clinical trials, preclinical and regulatory activities. Research and development expenses incurred were as follows (in thousands): Programs PEGPH20 ENHANZE collaborations and rHuPH20 platform Other 2018 Change 2017 Change 2016 $ 131,064 6 % $ 123,932 15 % $ 108,102 17,242 1,946 (10)% (74)% 19,197 7,514 (37)% (39)% 30,398 12,342 Total research and development expenses $ 150,252 — $ 150,643 — % $ 150,842 Research and development expenses relating to our PEGPH20 program increased in 2018 by 6% compared to 2017 , primarily due to increased clinical trial activities related to the HALO-301 study and the HALO 110-101 study, partially offset by decreased clinical trial activities related to the HALO-202 study, the HALO 107-101 study, and the Eisai clinical collaboration. Research and development expenses relating to our PEGPH20 program increased in 2017 by 15% compared to 2016 , primarily due to increased clinical trial activities. We expect these expenses to continue to increase in the near term. Research and development expenses relating to our ENHANZE collaborations and our rHuPH20 platform in 2018 decreased by 10% compared to 2017 , primarily due to a decrease in expenses incurred to establish an additional contract manufacturing facility, which was completed in the second quarter of 2017, and a decrease in manufacturing inventory with no alternative use, partially offset by increased costs to support new partners and targets related to our ENHANZE collaboration activity. Research and development expenses relating to our ENHANZE collaborations and our rHuPH20 platform in 2017 decreased by 37% compared to 2016, primarily due to a decrease in manufacturing expenses related to the new contract manufacturing facility. We expect research and development expenses relating to our ENHANZE collaborations and our rHuPH20 platform to increase in the near term as we support our collaboration partners advancing through clinical development and preparation for commercialization. The rHuPH20 platform includes research, development and manufacturing expenses related to our proprietary rHuPH20 enzyme. When these expenses were incurred, they were not designated to a specific program. Research and development expenses related to other programs decreased in 2018 by 74% compared to 2017 , and decreased in 2017 by 39% compared to 2016 , primarily due to a decrease in preclinical development of HTI-1511 and PEG-ADA2. Selling, General and Administrative – Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses increased in 2018 compared to 2017 by $7.0 million , or 13% , primarily due to increases in market research expense as we prepare for a potential commercial launch of PEGPH20 and compensation expense including stock compensation. SG&A expenses increased in 2017 compared to 37 2016 by $8.0 million , or 17% , primarily due to increases in compensation expense including stock compensation. We expect SG&A expenses to increase in future periods as our operations expand and we prepare for commercial launch. Interest Expense – Interest expense included interest expense and amortization of the debt discount related to the long-term debt. Interest expense decreased by $3.9 million in 2018 compared to 2017 primarily due to a decrease in the Royalty-backed Loan balance. Interest expense increased by $2.0 million in 2017 as compared to 2016 , primarily due to interest expense incurred on the Royalty-backed Loan we received in January 2016. Income Taxes – Income tax expense was $0.5 million in 2018 compared to income tax benefit of $1.4 million in 2017 . The 2018 amount was comprised primarily of state income tax while the 2017 benefit was primarily comprised of U.S. federal alternative minimum tax expense in the amount of $4.1 million offset by a U.S federal alternative minimum tax credit of $5.5 million . Income tax expense of $1.2 million in 2016 comprised of U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. The U.S. federal AMT was eliminated via the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that was enacted on December 22, 2017. The AMT credit carryovers will be used to offset regular tax liability for any taxable year beginning after 2017. If not utilized before 2022, any remaining AMT credit carryforward amount is fully refundable. The remaining AMT credit carryforward of $3.0 million was recognized as a deferred tax asset at December 31, 2018 as realization is certain. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, we generated taxable income in the U.S., which was partially offset by utilizing net operating losses carried forward from earlier years. Liquidity and Capital Resources Our principal sources of liquidity are our existing cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities. As of December 31, 2018 , we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $354.5 million . We will continue to have significant cash requirements to support product development activities. The amount and timing of cash requirements and cash on hand will depend on the progress and success of our clinical development programs, regulatory and market acceptance, the resources we devote to research and commercialization activities and the achievement of various milestones and royalties under our existing collaborative agreements. We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months. We expect to fund our operations going forward with existing cash resources, anticipated revenues from our existing collaborations and cash that we may raise through future transactions. We may raise cash through any one of the following financing vehicles: (i) the public offering of securities; (ii) new collaborative agreements; (iii) expansions or revisions to existing collaborative relationships; (iv) private financings; (v) other equity or debt financings; and/or (vi) monetizing assets. In February 2017, we filed an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-216315) with the SEC, which allow us, from time to time, to offer and sell equity, debt securities and warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in units. In May 2017, we completed an underwritten public offering pursuant to which we sold 11.5 million shares of common stock, generating $134.9 million in net proceeds, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses. We may, in the future, offer and sell additional equity, debt securities and warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in units to raise capital to fund the continued development of our product candidates, the commercialization of our products or for other general corporate purposes. Our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities may not be adequate to fund our operations until we become profitable, if ever. We cannot be certain that additional financing will be available when needed or, if available, financing will be obtained on favorable terms. If we are unable to raise sufficient funds, we may need to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our research and development programs, delay the launch of our product candidates, if approved, and/or restructure our operations. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, substantial dilution to existing stockholders could result. If we raise additional funds by incurring debt financing, the terms of the debt may involve significant cash payment obligations, the issuance of warrants that may ultimately dilute existing stockholders when exercised and covenants that may restrict our ability to operate our business. 38 Cash Flows Operating Activities Net cash used in operations was $49.5 million in 2018 compared to net cash provided by operations of $134.1 million in 2017 . The increase in utilization of cash in operations was mainly due to lower net income as a result of reduced revenues combined with an increase in working capital for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to the prior year. Net cash provided by operations was $134.1 million in 2017 compared to net cash used in operations of $50.4 million in 2016. The increase in cash provided by operations was mainly due to an increase in operating income driven by license payments and milestones achieved and changes in working capital for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year. Investing Activities Net cash provided by investing activities was $2.5 million in 2018 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $163.7 million in 2017 . The increase in net cash provided by investing activities was primarily due to an increase in proceeds from maturities of marketable securities and less purchases of marketable securities. Net cash used in investing activities was $163.7 million in 2017 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $76.8 million in 2016. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to net purchases of marketable securities using cash provided by operating and financing activities. Financing Activities Net cash used in financing activities was $63.8 million in 2018 , compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $131.7 million in 2017 , mainly due to $134.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of common stock in a public offering in May 2017 compared to no sale of common stock in a public offering occurring and an increase in the amount of long-term debt repayment in 2018. Net cash provided by financing activities was $131.7 million in 2017, primarily due to $134.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of common stock in May 2017, compared to cash provided by financing activities of $150.6 million in 2016, when we drew net proceeds of $148.0 million on the Royalty-backed Loan. Long-Term Debt Royalty-backed Loan In January 2016, through our wholly-owned subsidiary Halozyme Royalty LLC (Halozyme Royalty), we received a $150 million loan (the Royalty-backed Loan) pursuant to a credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) with BioPharma Credit Investments IV Sub, LP and Athyrium Opportunities II Acquisition LP (the Royalty-backed Lenders). Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. transferred to Halozyme Royalty the right to receive royalty payments from the commercial sales of ENHANZE products owed under the Roche Collaboration and Baxalta Collaboration (Collaboration Agreements). The royalty payments from the Collaboration Agreements will be used to repay the principal and interest on the loan (the Royalty Payments). The Royalty-backed Loan bears interest at a per annum rate of 8.75% plus the three-month LIBOR rate. The three-month LIBOR rate is subject to a floor of 0.7% and a cap of 1.5%. The interest rate as of December 31, 2018 was 10.25% . The outstanding balance of the Royalty-backed Loan as of December 31, 2018 was $85.0 million , net of unamortized debt discount of $0.3 million. 39 The Credit Agreement provides that none of the Royalty Payments were required to be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan prior to January 1, 2017, 50% of the Royalty Payments were required to be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2018 and thereafter all Royalty Payments must be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan. However, the amounts available to repay the Royalty-backed Loan are subject to caps of $13.75 million per quarter in 2017, $18.75 million per quarter in 2018, $21.25 million per quarter in 2019 and $22.5 million per quarter in 2020 and thereafter. Amounts available to repay the Royalty-backed Loan will be applied first, to pay interest and second, to repay principal on the Royalty-backed Loan. Any accrued interest that is not paid on any applicable quarterly payment date, as defined, will be capitalized and added to the principal balance of the Royalty-backed Loan on such date. Halozyme Royalty will be entitled to receive and distribute to Halozyme any Royalty Payments that are not required to be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan or which are in excess of the foregoing caps. The final maturity date of the Royalty-backed Loan will be the earlier of (i) the date when principal and interest is paid in full, (ii) the termination of Halozyme Royalty’s right to receive royalties under the Collaboration Agreements, and (iii) December 31, 2050. Currently, we estimate that the loan will be repaid in the first quarter of 2020. This estimate could be adversely affected and the repayment period could be extended if future royalty amounts are less than currently expected. Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, at any time after January 1, 2019, Halozyme Royalty may, subject to certain limitations, prepay the outstanding principal of the Royalty-backed Loan in whole or in part, at a price equal to 105% of the outstanding principal on the Royalty-backed Loan, plus accrued but unpaid interest. The Royalty-backed Loan constitutes an obligation of Halozyme Royalty, and is non-recourse to Halozyme. Halozyme Royalty retains its right to the Royalty Payments following repayment of the loan. Oxford and SVB Loan and Security Agreement In June 2016, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the Loan Agreement) with Oxford Finance LLC (Oxford) and Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) (collectively, the Lenders), providing a senior secured loan facility of up to an aggregate principal amount of $70 million, comprising a $55.0 million draw in June 2016 and an additional $15.0 million tranche, which we had the option to draw during the second quarter of 2017 and did not exercise. The proceeds were partially used to pay the outstanding principal and final payment owed on a previous loan agreement with the Lenders. The remaining proceeds are being used for working capital and general business requirements. The Loan Agreement repayment schedule provides for interest only payments for the first 18 months, followed by consecutive equal monthly payments of principal and interest in arrears through the maturity date of January 1, 2021. The Loan Agreement provides for a final payment equal to 5.50% of the initial $55 million principal amount. The final payment is due when the Loan Agreement becomes due or upon the prepayment of the facility. We have the option to prepay the outstanding balance of the Loan Agreement in full. The outstanding term loan balance was $41.4 million as of December 31, 2018 , inclusive of $2.2 million of accretion of the final payment and net of unamortized discount related to offering costs of $0.2 million. The Loan Agreement is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., except that the collateral does not include any equity interests in Halozyme, Inc. and any intellectual property (including all licensing, collaboration and similar agreements relating thereto), and certain other excluded assets. The Loan Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants by us, which covenants limit our ability to convey, sell, lease, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of certain of our assets; engage in any business other than the businesses currently engaged in by us or reasonably related thereto; liquidate or dissolve; make certain management changes; undergo certain change of control events; create, incur, assume, or be liable with respect to certain indebtedness; grant certain liens; pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments; make certain investments; make payments on any subordinated debt; enter into transactions with any of our affiliates outside of the ordinary course of business or permit our subsidiaries to do the same; and make any voluntary prepayment of or modify certain terms of the Royalty-backed Loan. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, we are required to maintain with SVB our primary deposit accounts, securities accounts and commodities, and to do the same for our domestic subsidiary. 40 The Loan Agreement also contains customary indemnification obligations and customary events of default, including, among other things, our failure to fulfill certain of our obligations under the Loan Agreement and the occurrence of a material adverse change which is defined as a material adverse change in our business, operations or condition (financial or otherwise), a material impairment of the prospect of repayment of any portion of the loan, a material impairment in the perfection or priority of the Lender’s lien in the collateral or in the value of such collateral or the occurrence of an event of default under the Royalty-backed Loan. In the event of default by us under the Loan Agreement, the Lenders would be entitled to exercise their remedies thereunder, including the right to accelerate the debt, upon which we may be required to repay all amounts then outstanding under the Loan Agreement, which could harm our financial condition. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements As of December 31, 2018 , we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. In addition, we did not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts. As such, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships. Contractual Obligations As of December 31, 2018 , future minimum payments due under our contractual obligations are as follows (in thousands): Contractual Obligations (1) Long-term debt, including current portion (2) Interest on long-term debt (3) Operating leases (4) Third-party manufacturing obligations (5) Purchase obligations Total _______________ Total 127,642 $ $ Payments Due by Period Less than 1 Year 1-3 Years 4-5 Years More than 5 Years 91,506 $ 36,136 $ — $ 10,191 11,123 14,985 2,862 8,664 2,953 14,985 1,527 8,058 — 327 2,535 — 112 — — $ 166,803 $ 118,435 $ 48,256 $ 112 $ — — — — — — (1) Does not include milestone or contractual payment obligations contingent upon the achievement of certain milestones or events if the amount and timing of such obligations are unknown or uncertain. Our in-license agreement is cancelable by us with written notice within 90 days. We may be required to pay up to approximately $8.0 million in milestone payments, plus sales royalties, in the event that regulatory and commercial milestones under the in-license agreement are achieved. Also excludes contractual obligations already recorded on our consolidated balance sheet as current liabilities. (2) Long-term debt consists of the Royalty-backed Loan and the Loan Agreement. Obligations include future quarterly principal payments for the Royalty- backed Loan based on an estimate of future royalty amounts. This estimate could be adversely affected and the repayment period could be extended if future royalty amounts are less than currently expected. Obligations also include future quarterly principal payments and a final payment of $3.03 million for the Loan Agreement due in January 2021. (3) Interest on long-term debt includes future monthly interest payments for the Loan Agreement based on a fixed rate of 8.25%. Interest on long-term debt also includes quarterly interest payments on the Royalty-backed Loan, which bears interest at a per annum rate of 8.75% plus the three-month LIBOR rate. The three-month LIBOR rate is subject to a floor of 0.7% and a cap of 1.5%. Future interest obligations for the Royalty-backed Loan were estimated using rates in effect as of December 31, 2018. (4) Includes minimum lease payments related to leases of our office and research facilities and certain autos under non-cancelable operating leases. 41 (5) We have contracted with third-party manufacturers for the supply of bulk rHuPH20 and fill/finish of Hylenex recombinant. Under these agreements, we are required to purchase certain quantities each year during the terms of the agreements. The amounts presented represent our estimates of the minimum required payments under these agreements. Contractual obligations for purchases of goods or services include agreements that are enforceable and legally binding to us and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. For obligations with cancellation provisions, the amounts included in the preceding table were limited to the non-cancelable portion of the agreement terms or the minimum cancellation fee. For certain restricted stock units and performance stock units granted, the number of shares issued on the date the restricted stock units vest is net of the minimum statutory withholding requirements that we pay in cash to the appropriate taxing authorities on behalf of our employees. The obligation to pay the relevant taxing authority is not included in the preceding table, as the amount is contingent upon continued employment. In addition, the amount of the obligation is unknown, as it is based in part on the market price of our common stock when the awards vest. The expected timing of payments of the obligations above is estimated based on current information. Timing of payments and actual amounts paid may be different, depending on the time of receipt of goods or services, or changes to agreed-upon amounts for some obligations. Our future capital uses and requirements depend on numerous forward-looking factors. These factors may include, but are not limited to, the following: • • • • • • • • • • • the rate of progress and cost of research and development activities; the number and scope of our research and development activities; the costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights; our ability to establish and maintain product discovery and development collaborations, including scale-up manufacturing costs for our collaborators’ product candidates; the amount of royalties and milestones from our collaborators; the amount of product sales for Hylenex recombinant; the costs of obtaining and validating additional manufacturers of rHuPH20; the effect of competing technological and market developments; the costs of preparing for and launching a new commercial product; the terms and timing of any collaborative, licensing and other arrangements that we may establish; and the extent to which we acquire or in-license new products, technologies or businesses. Critical Accounting Estimates The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We review our estimates on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Our significant accounting policies are outlined in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Form 10-K. We believe the following accounting policies to be critical to the judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Revenue Recognition 42 Methodology Judgment and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions For collaborative agreements, we are entitled to receive event-based payments subject to the collaboration partner's achievement of specified development and regulatory milestones. We recognize revenue when it is deemed probable that these milestones will be achieved, which could be in a period prior to its actual occurrence. At the end of each reporting period, we re-evaluate the probability of achievement of such milestones, and if necessary, adjust our estimate of the overall transaction price. For collaborative agreements, royalty revenue is recognized in the period the underlying sales occur, but we do not receive final royalty reports from our collaboration partners until after we complete our financial statements for a prior quarter. Therefore, we recognize revenue based on estimates of the royalty earned, which are based on preliminary reports provided by our collaboration partners. For collaborative arrangements, when necessary, we perform an allocation of the upfront amount based on relative stand-alone selling prices (SSP) of licenses for individual targets. We determine license SSP using an income-based valuation approach utilizing risk-adjusted discounted cash flow projections. Revenue is recognized when we determine it is probable a milestone will be achieved. This assessment is based on our past experience with our collaboration partners, market insight and partner communication. A revenue reversal will be required in the event it is determined that achievement of a milestone, previously deemed probable, will not occur. This reversal may be material. The amount of royalty revenue recognized for the quarter is estimated using our knowledge of past royalty payments, market insight and an estimate made by our collaboration partners provided in a preliminary report. A final royalty report and associated royalty payment is received approximately 60 days after quarter-end. If necessary, a true-up is recorded at that time if there is a difference from the initial estimated royalty revenue recorded. To date, the true-up entries have not been material. The inputs used in the valuation model to determine SSP are based on estimates utilizing market data and information provided by our collaboration partners. Differences in the allocation of the transaction price between delivered and undelivered performance obligations can impact the timing of revenue recognition but do not change the total revenue recognized under any agreement. 43 Debt Classification Methodology Judgment and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions The short-term and long-term classification of outstanding debt represents our best estimate of the timing of the amounts to be repaid. These estimates are based on contractual obligations, anticipated timing of royalty payments received and changes in LIBOR interest rates. Royalty payments are estimated using partner insight to the marketplace, historical trends and our knowledge of the therapeutic space. The short-term and long-term portion of the debts may change and the repayment term may be shortened or extended depending on the actual level of royalty payments received. The actual repayment period could vary materially from our estimate to the extent that royalty payments from our partners are lower than our current estimates, which could arise due to factors beyond our control, such as competitive factors, decreased market acceptance or a failure by our partners to successfully commercialize in territories where regulatory approval has been received. Currently, we do not believe that we have significant amount of risk relative to the repayment of the debt. A 10% reduction in the amount of anticipated royalties would not change our expected repayment period at maximum contractual interest rates. Share-Based Payments Methodology Judgment and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions We maintain a Stock Incentive Plan, which provides for share-based payment awards, including stock options, restricted stock and performance awards. We determine the fair value of our stock option awards and performance awards at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes model. We determine the fair value of our restricted stock awards at the date of grant using the closing market value of our common stock on the date of grant. Option-pricing models and generally accepted valuation techniques require management to make assumptions and to apply judgment to determine the fair value of our awards. These assumptions and judgments include estimating the future volatility of our stock price, expected dividend yield and future employee stock option exercise behaviors. Changes in these assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate. Our performance awards require management to make assumptions regarding the likelihood of achieving long-term Company goals. We do not currently believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in estimates or assumptions we use to determine stock-based compensation expense. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to changes in share-based compensation expense that could be material. If actual results are not consistent with the assumptions used, the share-based compensation expense reported in our financial statements may not be representative of the actual economic cost of the share-based compensation. A 10% change in our share-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 would have affected pre-tax earnings by approximately $3.6 million in 2018. 44 Research and Development Expenses - Clinical Trial Accruals Methodology Judgment and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions All of our clinical trials have been executed with support from contract research organizations, (CROs), and other vendors. We accrue costs for clinical trial activities performed by CROs based upon the estimated amount of work completed on each trial. For clinical trial expenses, the significant factors used in estimating accruals include the number of patients enrolled, the activities to be performed for each patient, the number of active clinical sites, and the duration for which the patients will be enrolled in the trial. We monitor patient enrollment levels and related activities to the extent possible through internal reviews, correspondence with CROs and review of contractual terms. We base our estimates on the best information available at the time. However, additional information may become available to us, which may allow us to make a more accurate estimate in future periods. If we do not identify costs that we have begun to incur or if we underestimate or overestimate the level of services performed or the costs of these services, our actual expenses could differ from our estimates. There were no such significant changes during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 or 2016. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , of our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements and their effect, if any, on us. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk As of December 31, 2018 , our cash equivalents and marketable securities consisted of investments in money market funds, asset-backed securities, U.S. Treasury securities, corporate debt obligations and commercial paper. These investments were made in accordance with our investment policy which specifies the categories, allocations, and ratings of securities we may consider for investment. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive without significantly increasing risk. Some of the financial instruments that we invest in could be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the value of the instruments to fluctuate. For example, if we purchase a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the value of that security will probably decline. Based on our current investment portfolio as of December 31, 2018 , we do not believe that our results of operations would be materially impacted by an immediate change of 10% in interest rates. We do not hold or issue derivatives, derivative commodity instruments or other financial instruments for speculative trading purposes. Further, we do not believe our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities have significant risk of default or illiquidity. We made this determination based on discussions with our investment advisors and a review of our holdings. While we believe our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities do not contain excessive risk, we cannot provide absolute assurance that in the future our investments will not be subject to adverse changes in market value. All of our cash equivalents and marketable securities are recorded at fair market value. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Our financial statements are annexed to this report beginning on page F-1. Item 9. Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. 45 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the timelines specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decision regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There have been no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and Rule 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that: • • • Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 . In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Based on our assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2018 , our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on the COSO criteria. The independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements that are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 . The report appears below. 46 The Board of Directors and Stockholders Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We have audited Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 , based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 , based on the COSO criteria . We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, cash flows, and stockholders’ equity (deficit) for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018 , and the related notes and the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) and our report dated February 21, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP San Diego, California February 21, 2019 47 Item 9B. Other Information None. PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance The information required by this item regarding directors is incorporated by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement (the Proxy Statement) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with our 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the heading “Election of Directors.” The information required by this item regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. The information required by this item regarding our code of ethics is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “Code of Conduct and Ethics and Corporate Governance Guidelines” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. The information required by this item regarding our audit committee is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “Board Meetings and Committees—Audit Committee” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. The information required by this item regarding material changes, if any, to the process by which stockholders may recommend nominees to our board of directors is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “Board Meetings and Committees—Nominating and Governance Committee” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. Executive Officers Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch. B., M.R.C.P. (56), President, Chief Executive Officer and Director. Dr. Torley joined Halozyme in January 2014 as President and Chief Executive Officer and as a member of Halozyme’s Board of Directors. Throughout her career, Dr. Torley has led several successful product launches, including Kyprolis®, Prolia®, Sensipar®, and Miacalcin®. Prior to joining Halozyme, Dr. Torley served as Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer for Onyx Pharmaceuticals (Onyx) from August 2011 to December 2013 overseeing the collaboration with Bayer on Nexavar® and Stivarga® and the U.S. launch of Kyprolis. She was responsible for the development of Onyx's commercial capabilities in ex-US markets and in particular, in Europe. Prior to Onyx, Dr. Torley spent 10 years in management positions at Amgen Inc., most recently serving as Vice President and General Manager of the US Nephrology Business Unit from 2003 to 2009 and the U.S. Bone Health Business Unit from 2009 to 2011. From 1997 to 2002, she held various senior management positions at Bristol-Myers Squibb, including Regional Vice President of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sales and Head of Cardiovascular Global Marketing. She began her career at Sandoz/Novartis, where she ultimately served as Vice President of Medical Affairs, developing and conducting post-marketing clinical studies across all therapeutic areas, including oncology. Dr. Torley serves on the board of directors of Quest Diagnostics Incorporated, a diagnostic information services company. Within the past five years, Dr. Torley served on the board of directors of Relypsa, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company. Before joining the industry, Dr. Torley was in medical practice as a senior registrar in rheumatology at the Royal Infirmary in Glasgow, Scotland. Dr. Torley received her Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (M.B. Ch.B.) from the University of Glasgow and is a Member of the Royal College of Physicians (M.R.C.P). Laurie D. Stelzer (51), Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer. Ms. Stelzer joined Halozyme in June 2015 as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining Halozyme, Ms. Stelzer served from April 2014 to January 2015 as the Senior Vice President of Finance supporting R&D, Technical Operations and M&A at Shire, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company. Prior to that she was the Division CFO for the Regenerative Medicine Division and the Head of Investor Relations at Shire from March 2012 to April 2014. Prior to Shire, Ms. Stelzer held positions of increasing responsibility for 15 years at Amgen, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, including Interim Treasurer, Head of Emerging Markets Expansion, Executive Director of Global Commercial Finance and Head of Global Accounting. Early in her career, she held various finance and accounting positions in the real estate and banking industries. Ms. Stelzer serves on the board of directors of Surface Oncology, Inc., an immuno-oncology company. Ms. Stelzer received her MBA from the Anderson School at the University of California, Los Angeles, and a Bachelor of Science in Accounting from Arizona State University. 48 Harry J. Leonhardt, Esq. (62), Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary. Mr. Leonhardt joined Halozyme in April 2015 as Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer and Corporate Secretary. Mr. Leonhardt brings more than 30 years of executive management, corporate legal, intellectual property, compliance, business development and mergers and acquisitions experience to Halozyme, with an extensive background in the biotechnology industry. Prior to joining Halozyme, Mr. Leonhardt was an arbitrator before the International Centre for Dispute Resolution and a consultant in the biotechnology industry from January 2013 to April 2015. He served as Senior Vice President, Legal and Compliance, and Corporate Secretary at Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biotechnology company, from September 2011 to January 2013 and previously served in other senior management legal positions at Amylin since September 2007. Prior to Amylin, he served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at Senomyx, Inc. from September 2003 to September 2007. From February 2001 to September 2003, Mr. Leonhardt was Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at Genoptix, Inc. and from July 1996 to November 2000, he served as Vice President and then Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at Nanogen, Inc. Prior to Nanogen, Mr. Leonhardt held positions of increasing responsibility at Allergan, Inc. including Chief Litigation Counsel and General Counsel for European Operations. Early in his career, he was an attorney at Lyon & Lyon LLP where he represented a number of prominent clients in the biotech, pharmaceutical and consumer products industries. Mr. Leonhardt received a B.S. in Pharmacy from the University of the Sciences and a Juris Doctorate from the University of Southern California School of Law. Dimitrios Chondros (54), Senior Vice President, Chief Medical Officer. Dr. Chondros joined Halozyme in August 2015 as Vice President of Clinical Development and has served as Chief Medical Officer since May 2017. Dr. Chondros brings to Halozyme broad experience directing complex clinical development and companion diagnostic programs toward global regulatory approvals and preparing for market entry. Prior to joining Halozyme, Dr. Chondros served in positions of increasing responsibility at Genentech Inc., a biotechnology company, from 2009 to 2015. He most recently served as Associate Group Medical Director and prior to that as Senior Medical Director and Medical Director. While at Genentech, Dr. Chondros was responsible for all global development activities in gastrointestinal and hematologic malignancies for Avastin®. From 2005 to 2008, Dr. Chondros was at Cell Genesys, Inc., a biotechnology company, where he most recently served as Medical Director and directed the clinical development of an investigational immunotherapy for prostate cancer. Dr. Chondros previously served as a Medical Advisor for Grunenthal, a pharmaceutical company, where he was responsible for building the company’s clinical department in the United States. Dr. Chondros is a medical doctor and a board certified general surgeon. He studied medicine at the RWTH Aachen University in Aachen, Germany and received his medical degree from the University of Zürich, Switzerland. Benjamin J. Hickey (44), Senior Vice President, Chief Commercial Officer. Mr. Hickey joined Halozyme in September 2018 as Senior Vice President, Chief Commercial Officer. Mr. Hickey brings to Halozyme a long track record of leading pharmaceutical commercial teams, including launch teams, for innovative oncology treatments. Prior to Halozyme, Mr. Hickey served from August 2016 to September 2018 as the General Manager UK & Ireland at Bristol-Myers Squibb, a global biopharmaceutical company, overseeing an organization of more than 300 people across the virology, immuno-science, oncology and cardiovascular disease businesses. From March 2014 to August 2016, he served as Vice President Commercial, Immuno-Oncology for Bristol-Myers where he led a commercial team focused on the commercialization of Yervoy ® and the launch preparedness of Opdivo ® . From 2001 to March 2014, Mr. Hickey held positions of increasing responsibility at Bristol Myers including Vice President, Hematology & Erbitux. Mr. Hickey received his Bachelor of Science and his Master of Business Administration degrees from St. Johns University in Queens, New York. Item 11. Executive Compensation The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “ Executive Compensation ” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Other than as set forth below, the information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “ Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters ” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. 49 Equity Compensation Plan Information The following table summarizes our compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2018 : Plan Category Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders (1) Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders _____________________ Number of Shares to be Issued upon Exercise of Outstanding Options and Restricted Stock Units (a) 13,400,723 Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options (2) (b) $13.81 — 13,400,723 — $13.81 Number of Shares Remaining Available for Future Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Shares Reflected in Column (a)) (c) 12,299,463 — 12,299,463 (1) Represents stock options, restricted stock units, and performance restricted stock units under the Amended and Restated 2011 Stock Plan, 2008 Stock Plan and 2006 Stock Plan. (2) This amount does not include restricted stock units and performance restricted stock units as there is no exercise price for such units. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “ Certain Relationships and Related Transactions ” and “Corporate Governance - Director Independence” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information under the caption “ Principal Accounting Fees and Services ” to be contained in the Proxy Statement. Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules (a) Documents filed as part of this report. 1. Financial Statements PART IV Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017 Consolidated Statements of Operations for Each of the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for Each of the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Each of the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for Each of the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 50 Page F-1 F-2 F-3 F-4 F-5 F-7 F-8 2. List of all Financial Statement schedules. The following financial statement schedule of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. is filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Page F-42 All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the Financial Statements or notes thereto. 3. List of Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K. See part (b) below. 51 (b) Exhibits. Exhibit Number 3.1 3.2 10.1 10.2 10.3# 10.4# 10.5# 10.6# 10.7# 10.8# 10.9# 10.14# 10.15# 10.16# Exhibit Title Filed Herewith Composite Certification of Incorporation Bylaws, as amended License Agreement between University of Connecticut and Registrant, dated November 15, 2002 Incorporated by Reference Form 10-Q 8-K File No. Date Filed 001-32335 8/7/2013 001-32335 12/19/2016 SB-2 333-114776 4/23/2004 First Amendment to the License Agreement between University of Connecticut and Registrant, dated January 9, 2006 8-K 001-32335 1/12/2006 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2008 Stock Plan Form of Stock Option Agreement (2008 Stock Plan) Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (2008 Stock Plan) Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2011 Stock Plan (as amended through May 2, 2018) Form of Stock Option Agreement (2011 Stock Plan) Form of Stock Option Agreement for Executive Officers (2011 Stock Plan) Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement for Officers (2011 Stock Plan) 10.10# Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for Officers (2011 Stock Plan) 10.11# Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement (2011 Stock Plan) 10.12# Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (2011 Stock Plan) 10.13# Form of Stock Option Agreement (2011 Stock Plan -grants made on or after 11/4/2015) Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement (2011 Stock Plan - grants made on or after 11/4/2015) 8-K 10-Q 10-Q 8-K 8-K 8-K 10-Q 10-Q 8-K 8-K 10-Q 10-Q 001-32335 3/19/2008 001-32335 8/7/2009 001-32335 8/7/2009 001-32335 4/6/2018 001-32335 5/6/2011 001-32335 5/6/2011 001-32335 8/10/2015 001-32335 8/10/2015 001-32335 5/6/2011 001-32335 5/6/2011 001-32335 11/9/2015 001-32335 11/9/2015 Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (2011 Stock Plan - grants made on or after 11/4/2015) 10-Q 001-32335 11/9/2015 Form of Restricted Stock Units Agreement (2011 Plan - grants made on or after 2/22/2017) 10-K 001-32335 2/28/2017 10.17# Form of Indemnity Agreement for Directors and Executive Officers 8-K 001-32335 12/20/2007 52 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 10.27 10.27 Exhibit Number 10.18# Severance Policy Exhibit Title Filed Herewith 10.19# Form of Amended and Restated Change In Control Agreement with Officer Lease (11404 and 11408 Sorrento Valley Road), effective as of June 10, 2011 First Amendment to Lease (11404 and 11408 Sorrento Valley Road), dated June 30, 2017 Incorporated by Reference Form 8-K 10-Q 8-K 8-K File No. Date Filed 001-32335 12/13/2018 001-32335 11/9/2015 001-32335 6/16/2011 001-32335 7/5/2017 Second Amendment to Lease (11404 and 11408 Sorrento Valley Road), dated March 23, 2018 10-Q 001-32335 5/10/2018 Amended and Restated Lease (11388 Sorrento Valley Road), effective as of June 10, 2011 8-K 001-32335 6/16/2011 First Amendment to Amended and Restated Lease (11388 Sorrento Valley Road), dated June 30, 2017 8-K 001-32335 7/5/2017 Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Lease (11388 Sorrento Valley Road), dated March 23, 2018 10-Q 001-32335 5/10/2018 Lease (11436 Sorrento Valley Road), effective as of April 2013 First Modification to Lease (11436 Sorrento Valley Road) Second Modification to Lease (11436 Sorrento Valley Road), dated June 30, 2017 10.29* Credit Agreement, dated December 30, 2015 10-K 10-Q 8-K 10-K 001-32335 3/1/2013 001-32335 5/8/2013 001-32335 7/5/2017 001-32335 2/29/2016 10.30# Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Executive Incentive Plan DEF-14A 001-32335 3/23/2016 10.31 10.32 10.33 21.1 23.1 31.1 31.2 Loan and Security Agreement, dated June 7, 2016 Consent, Release, and First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated December 21, 2016 Consent, Release, and Second Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated November 21, 2017 Subsidiaries of Registrant Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended X X X X 53 10-Q 10-K 001-32335 8/9/2016 001-32335 2/28/2017 10-K 001-32335 2/20/2018 Exhibit Number 32 Exhibit Title Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 101.INS XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase 101.PRE _______________ XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Incorporated by Reference Filed Herewith Form File No. Date Filed X X X X X X X * # Confidential treatment has been granted (or requested) for certain portions of this exhibit. These portions have been omitted from this agreement and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. (c) Financial Statement Schedules. See Item 15(a) 2 above. Item 16. Form 10-K Summary None. 54 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. Date: February 21, 2019 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. President and Chief Executive Officer 55 POWER OF ATTORNEY Know all persons by these presents, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Helen I. Torley and Laurie D. Stelzer, and each of them, as his/her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him/her and in his/her name, place, and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he/she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming that all said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them or their or his/her substitute or substituted, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date /s/ Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. President and Chief Executive Officer February 21, 2019 (Principal Executive Officer), Director /s/ Laurie D. Stelzer Laurie D. Stelzer /s/ Connie L. Matsui Connie L. Matsui /s/ Jean-Pierre Bizzari Jean-Pierre Bizzari /s/ Bernadette Connaughton Bernadette Connaughton /s/ James M. Daly James M. Daly /s/ Jeffrey W. Henderson Jeffrey W. Henderson /s/ Kenneth J. Kelley Kenneth J. Kelley /s/ Matthew L. Posard Matthew L. Posard Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer February 21, 2019 (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) Chair of the Board of Directors February 21, 2019 Director Director Director Director Director Director 56 February 21, 2019 February 21, 2019 February 21, 2019 February 21, 2019 February 21, 2019 February 21, 2019 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Stockholders Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018 , and the related notes and the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018 , in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 , based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 21, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. Adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method for recognizing revenue as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), and the amendments in ASUs 2015-14, 2016-08, 2016-10 and 2016-12 effective January 1, 2018. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2006. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP San Diego, California February 21, 2019 F-1 HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, except per share amounts) ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Marketable securities, available-for-sale Accounts receivable, net Inventories Prepaid expenses and other assets Total current assets Property and equipment, net Prepaid expenses and other assets Restricted cash Total assets LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued expenses Deferred revenue, current portion Current portion of long-term debt, net Total current liabilities Deferred revenue, net of current portion Long-term debt, net Other long-term liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock - $0.001 par value; 20,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding Common stock - $0.001 par value; 200,000 shares authorized; 144,725 and 142,789 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively Additional paid-in capital Accumulated other comprehensive loss Accumulated deficit Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-2 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ 57,936 $ 296,590 30,005 22,625 20,693 427,849 7,465 4,434 500 168,740 300,474 22,133 5,146 13,879 510,372 3,520 5,553 500 $ 440,248 $ 519,945 $ 4,079 $ 49,529 4,247 91,506 149,361 5,008 34,874 2,118 7,948 39,601 6,568 77,211 131,328 54,297 125,140 814 — — 145 780,457 (277) (531,438) 248,887 $ 440,248 $ 143 731,044 (450) (522,371) 208,366 519,945 HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except per share amounts) Revenues: Royalties Product sales, net Revenues under collaborative agreements Total revenues Operating expenses: Cost of product sales Research and development Selling, general and administrative Total operating expenses Operating (loss) income Other income (expense): Investment and other income, net Interest expense (Loss) income before income taxes Income tax expense (benefit) Net (loss) income Net (loss) income per share: Basic Diluted Shares used in computing net (loss) income per share: Basic Diluted Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ 78,981 $ 63,507 $ 28,234 44,647 151,862 10,136 150,252 60,804 221,192 (69,330) 7,578 (18,041) (79,793) 537 50,396 202,710 316,613 31,152 150,643 53,816 235,611 81,002 2,592 (21,984) 61,610 (1,361) 50,984 53,392 42,315 146,691 33,206 150,842 45,853 229,901 (83,210) 1,326 (19,977) (101,861) 1,162 $ (80,330) $ 62,971 $ (103,023) $ $ (0.56) (0.56) $ $ 0.46 0.45 $ $ (0.81) (0.81) 143,599 143,599 136,419 139,068 127,964 127,964 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-3 HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME (In thousands) Net (loss) income Other comprehensive (loss) income: Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities Foreign currency translation adjustment Unrealized loss on foreign currency Total comprehensive (loss) income Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ (80,330) $ 62,971 $ (103,023) 182 (8) (1) (430) (14) — 93 — — $ (80,157) $ 62,527 $ (102,930) See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-4 HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands) Operating activities: Net (loss) income Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: Share-based compensation Depreciation and amortization Non-cash interest expense Payment-in-kind interest expense on long-term debt (Accretion of discounts) amortization of premiums on marketable securities, net Loss on disposal of equipment Deferral of unearned revenue Recognition of deferred revenue Deferral of rent expense Recognition of deferred rent Other Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable, net Inventories Prepaid expenses and other assets Accounts payable and accrued expenses Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities Investing activities: Purchases of marketable securities Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities Purchases of property and equipment Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities Financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net Repayment of long-term debt Proceeds from issuance of common stock under equity incentive plans, net of taxes paid related to net share settlement Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period F-5 Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ (80,330) $ 62,971 $ (103,023) 35,696 2,388 1,545 — (3,090) 5 3,000 (2,832) — (7) (9) 11,613 (17,480) (5,695) 5,696 (49,500) (311,112) 318,268 (4,663) 2,493 — — (77,516) 13,719 (63,797) (110,804) 169,240 30,670 2,161 1,761 — (303) 46 22,759 (6,512) 13 (185) (16) (6,453) 9,477 2,035 15,629 134,053 (398,187) 235,805 (1,350) (163,732) 134,874 — (15,995) 12,776 131,655 $ 101,976 67,264 $ 58,436 $ 169,240 $ 25,585 2,410 2,896 552 13,184 8 701 (9,304) — (370) — 16,730 (5,134) 5,626 (244) (50,383) (155,412) 81,783 (3,137) (76,766) — 203,006 (54,250) 1,865 150,621 23,472 43,792 67,264 Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Interest paid Income taxes paid Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: Amounts accrued for purchases of property and equipment Leasehold improvements paid by lessor Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ $ $ $ 16,891 220 542 1,322 $ $ $ $ 20,295 3,015 189 13 $ $ $ $ 3,886 1,441 75 — See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-6 HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) (in thousands) Common Stock Amount Additional Paid-In Capital Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Accumulated Deficit Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) 128 $ 525,628 $ (99) $ (482,658) $ BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2016 Adjustment to beginning retained earnings Share-based compensation expense Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units, net Issuance of restricted stock awards, net Other comprehensive income Net loss BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2016 Share-based compensation expense Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units and performance restricted stock units, net Cancellation of restricted stock awards, net Other comprehensive loss Net income Shares 128,152 $ — — 570 780 — — 129,502 — 1,796 (9) — — — — 1 1 — — 130 — 2 — — — (339) 25,585 1,947 (84) — — 552,737 30,670 12,774 — — — BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2017 142,789 143 731,044 Adjustment to beginning retained earnings Share-based compensation expense Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units and performance restricted stock units, net Issuance of restricted stock awards, net Other comprehensive income Net loss — — 1,932 4 — — — — 2 — — — — 35,696 13,717 — — — — — — — 93 — (6) — — — (444) — (450) — — — — 173 — 339 — — — — (103,023) (585,342) — — — — 62,971 (522,371) 71,263 — — — (80,330) 42,999 — 25,585 1,948 (83) 93 (103,023) (32,481) 30,670 12,776 — (444) 62,971 208,366 71,263 35,696 13,719 — 173 (80,330) 248,887 BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2018 144,725 $ 145 $ 780,457 $ (277) $ (531,438) $ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-7 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Organization and Business Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. is a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing novel oncology therapies. We are seeking to translate our unique knowledge of the tumor microenvironment to create therapies that have the potential to improve cancer patient survival. Our research primarily focuses on human enzymes that alter the extracellular matrix and tumor microenvironment. The extracellular matrix is a complex matrix of proteins and carbohydrates surrounding the cell that provides structural support in tissues and orchestrates many important biological activities, including cell migration, signaling and survival. Over many years, we have developed unique technology and scientific expertise enabling us to pursue this target-rich environment for the development of therapies. Our proprietary enzymes are used to facilitate the delivery of injected drugs and fluids, potentially enhancing the efficacy and the convenience of other drugs or can be used to alter tissue structures for potential clinical benefit. We exploit our technology and expertise using a two pillar strategy that we believe enables us to manage risk and cost by: (1) developing our own proprietary products in therapeutic areas with significant unmet medical needs, with a focus on oncology, and (2) licensing our technology to biopharmaceutical companies to collaboratively develop products that combine our technology with the collaborators’ proprietary compounds. The majority of our approved product and product candidates are based on rHuPH20, our patented recombinant human hyaluronidase enzyme. rHuPH20 is the active ingredient in our first commercially approved product, Hylenex ® recombinant, and it works by temporarily breaking down hyaluronan (or “HA”), a naturally occurring carbohydrate that is a major component of the extracellular matrix in tissues throughout the body such as skin and cartilage. We believe this temporary degradation creates an opportunistic window for the improved subcutaneous delivery of injectable biologics, such as monoclonal antibodies and other large therapeutic molecules, as well as small molecules and fluids. We refer to the application of rHuPH20 to facilitate the delivery of other drugs or fluids as our ENHANZE ® Drug Delivery Technology (“ENHANZE”). We license the ENHANZE technology to form collaborations with biopharmaceutical companies that develop or market drugs requiring or benefiting from injection via the subcutaneous route of administration. We currently have ENHANZE collaborations with F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. and Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc. (“Roche”), Baxalta US Inc. and Baxalta GmbH (now members of the Takeda group of companies, following the acquisition of Shire plc by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited in January 2019) (“Baxalta”), Pfizer Inc. (“Pfizer”), Janssen Biotech, Inc. (“Janssen”), AbbVie, Inc. (“AbbVie”), Eli Lilly and Company (“Lilly”), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (“BMS”), Alexion Pharma Holding (“Alexion”) ARGENX BVBA (“argenx”).We receive royalties from two of these collaborations, including royalties from sales of one product from the Baxalta collaboration and two products from the Roche collaboration. Future potential revenues from the sales and/or royalties of our approved products, product candidates, and ENHANZE collaborations will depend on the ability of Halozyme and our collaborators to develop, manufacture, secure and maintain regulatory approvals for approved products and product candidates and commercialize product candidates. Our proprietary development pipeline consists primarily of pre-clinical and clinical stage product candidates in oncology. Our lead oncology program is Pegvorhyaluronidase alfa (PVHA), also referred to as PEGylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (“PEGPH20”), a molecular entity we are developing in combination with currently approved cancer therapies as a candidate for the systemic treatment of tumors that accumulate HA. We have demonstrated that when HA accumulates in a tumor, it can cause increased pressure in the tumor, reducing blood flow into the tumor and with that, reduced access of cancer therapies to the tumor. PEGPH20 has been demonstrated in animal models to work by temporarily degrading HA surrounding cancer cells resulting in reduced pressure and increased blood flow to the tumor thereby enabling increased amounts of anticancer treatments administered concomitantly gaining access to the tumor. Through our efforts and efforts of our partners and collaborators, we are currently in Phase 3 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with ABRAXANE ® (nab-paclitaxel) and gemcitabine in stage IV pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (“PDA”) (HALO 109-301), in Phase 1b clinical testing for PEGPH20 with KEYTRUDA ® (pembrolizumab) in non-small cell lung cancer (HALO 107-101), in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq® (atezolizumab) in patients with previously treated metastatic PDA, in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq in patients with gastric F-8 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) cancer and in Phase 1b/2 clinical testing for PEGPH20 with Tecentriq in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gall bladder cancer (HALO 110-101/MATRIX). Except where specifically noted or the context otherwise requires, references to “Halozyme,” “the Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” in these notes to consolidated financial statements refer to Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., and Halozyme, Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Halozyme Holdings Ltd., Halozyme Royalty LLC, Halozyme Switzerland GmbH and Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH. 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., and Halozyme, Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Halozyme Holdings Ltd., Halozyme Royalty LLC, Halozyme Switzerland GmbH and Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, which are based on historical and anticipated results and trends and on various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty and, as such, actual results may differ from management’s estimates. Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments, readily convertible to cash, that mature within ninety days or less from the date of purchase. As of December 31, 2018 , our cash equivalents consisted of money market funds and commercial paper. Marketable securities are investments with original maturities of more than ninety days from the date of purchase that are specifically identified to fund current operations. Marketable securities are considered available-for-sale. These investments are classified as current assets, even though the stated maturity date may be one year or more beyond the current balance sheet date which reflects management’s intention to use the proceeds from the sale of these investments to fund our operations, as necessary. Such available-for-sale investments are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive gain (loss) and included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (deficit). The cost of marketable securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums or accretion of discounts to maturity, and such amortization or accretion is included in investment and other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations. We use the specific identification method for calculating realized gains and losses on marketable securities sold. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on marketable securities, if any, are included in investment and other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Restricted Cash Under the terms of the leases of our facilities, we are required to maintain letters of credit as security deposits during the terms of such leases. At December 31, 2018 and 2017 , restricted cash of $0.5 million was pledged as collateral for the letters of credit. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The authoritative guidance for fair value measurements establishes a three tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. F-9 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Our financial instruments include cash equivalents, available-for-sale marketable securities, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and long-term debt. Fair value estimates of these instruments are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information. These estimates may be subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. The carrying amount of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses are generally considered to be representative of their respective fair values because of the short-term nature of those instruments. Based on Level 3 inputs and the borrowing rates currently available for loans with similar terms, we believe the fair value of long-term debt approximates its carrying value. Available-for-sale marketable securities consist of asset-backed securities, corporate debt securities, U.S. Treasury securities and commercial paper, and are measured at fair value using Level 1 and Level 2 inputs. Level 2 financial instruments are valued using market prices on less active markets and proprietary pricing valuation models with observable inputs, including interest rates, yield curves, maturity dates, issue dates, settlement dates, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issue spreads, benchmark securities or other market related data. We obtain the fair value of Level 2 investments from our investment manager, who obtains these fair values from a third-party pricing source. We validate the fair values of Level 2 financial instruments provided by our investment manager by comparing these fair values to a third-party pricing source. Concentrations of Credit Risk, Sources of Supply and Significant Customers We are subject to credit risk from our portfolio of cash equivalents and marketable securities. These investments were made in accordance with our investment policy which specifies the categories, allocations, and ratings of securities we may consider for investment. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive without significantly increasing risk. We maintain our cash and cash equivalent balances with one major commercial bank and marketable securities with another financial institution. Deposits held with the financial institutions exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of a default by the financial institutions holding our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities to the extent recorded on the consolidated balance sheets. We are also subject to credit risk from our accounts receivable related to our product sales and revenues under our license and collaborative agreements. We have license and collaborative agreements with pharmaceutical companies under which we receive payments for license fees, milestone payments for specific achievements designated in the collaborative agreements, reimbursements of research and development services and supply of bulk formulation of rHuPH20. In addition, we sell Hylenex ® recombinant in the United States to a limited number of established wholesale distributors in the pharmaceutical industry. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition, and collateral is not required. Management monitors our exposure to accounts receivable by periodically evaluating the collectibility of the accounts receivable based on a variety of factors including the length of time the receivables are past due, the financial health of the customer and historical experience. Based upon the review of these factors, we recorded no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017 . Approximately 81% of the accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2018 represents amounts due from Roche and Baxalta. Approximately 86% of the accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2017 represents amounts due from Roche and Baxalta. The following table indicates the percentage of total revenues in excess of 10% with any single customer: Roche Baxalta BMS Alexion Year Ended December 31, 2018 72% 7% 4% 3% 2017 38% 7% 32% 13% 2016 63% 12% — — F-10 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) We attribute revenues under collaborative agreements, including royalties, to the individual countries where the collaborator is headquartered. We attribute revenues from product sales to the individual countries to which the product is shipped. Worldwide revenues from external customers are summarized by geographic location in the following table (in thousands): United States Switzerland All other foreign Total revenues Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ 40,475 $ 196,274 $ 109,890 1,497 119,136 1,203 $ 151,862 $ 316,613 $ 52,292 93,067 1,332 146,691 As of December 31, 2018 , we had no research equipment in Germany and less than $0.1 million as of December 31, 2017 . We rely on two third-party manufacturers for the supply of bulk rHuPH20 for use in the manufacture of Hylenex recombinant and our other collaboration products and product candidates. Payments due to these suppliers represented 2% and 4% of the accounts payable balance at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. We also rely on a third-party manufacturer for the fill and finish of Hylenex recombinant product under a contract. Payments due to this supplier represented 0% and 1% of the accounts payable balance at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. Accounts Receivable, Net Accounts receivable is recorded at the invoiced amount and is non-interest bearing. Accounts receivable is recorded net of allowances for doubtful accounts, cash discounts for prompt payment, distribution fees and chargebacks. We recorded no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017 as the collectibility of accounts receivable was reasonably assured. Inventories Inventories are stated at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. Inventories are reviewed periodically for potential excess, dated or obsolete status. We evaluate the carrying value of inventories on a regular basis, taking into account such factors as historical and anticipated future sales compared to quantities on hand, the price we expect to obtain for products in their respective markets compared with historical cost and the remaining shelf life of goods on hand. We capitalize inventory costs associated with our drug candidates prior to receipt of regulatory approval, based on management’s judgment of probable future commercialization. We would be required to expense these capitalized costs upon a change in such judgment, due to, among other factors, a decision denying approval of the drug candidate by regulatory agencies. Bulk rHuPH20 formulations manufactured for partner use prior to our partner receiving marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or comparable regulatory agencies in foreign countries and with no alternative future use are recorded as research and development expense. All direct manufacturing costs incurred after the partner receives marketing approval are capitalized as inventory. Bulk rHuPH20 formulations manufactured for general partner and internal use, which can potentially be used by any collaboration partner or by us in any stage of development or in commercial product, and ENHANZE drug product used by our partners in clinical trials, is considered to have alternative future use and all manufacturing costs are capitalized as inventory. Inventories used in our clinical trials are expensed at the time the inventories are packaged for the clinical trials. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , inventories consisted of $2.2 million and $2.9 million , respectively, of Hylenex recombinant inventory, net, and $20.4 million and $2.2 million , respectively, of bulk rHuPH20. F-11 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over its estimated useful life ranging from three to ten years and leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets We account for long-lived assets in accordance with authoritative guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances, which indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 , there was no impairment of the value of long-lived assets. Deferred Rent Rent expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease. The difference between rent expense accrued and amounts paid under lease agreements is recorded as deferred rent and is included in accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities, as applicable, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during the period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Revenue Recognition We generate revenues from payments received under collaborative agreements and product sales. As of January 1, 2018, we adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) which affects how we recognize revenues in these arrangements. We applied the provisions of ASC 606 using the modified retrospective approach, with the cumulative effect of the adoption recognized as of January 1, 2018, to all contracts that had not been completed as of that date. Under ASC 606, we recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers we perform the following five steps: (i) identify the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligations. Amounts reported in prior periods have not been adjusted to reflect the adoption of ASC 606. Accordingly, the reported revenue amounts for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are based on different accounting policies. Prior to the ASC 606 adoption, revenue was recognized when all of the following criteria were met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. Differences between the revenue recognition policies applicable prior to the adoption and ASC 606 are described in the following sections and in Note 4. Revenues under Collaborative Agreements - as reported under ASC 606 beginning January 1, 2018 Under these agreements, we grant the collaboration partner a worldwide license to develop and commercialize products using our ENHANZE technology to combine our patented rHuPH20 enzyme with their proprietary biologics directed at up to a specified number of targets. Targets are usually licensed on an exclusive, global basis. Targets selected subsequent to inception of the arrangement require payment of an additional license fee. The collaboration partner is responsible for all development, manufacturing, clinical, regulatory, sales and marketing costs for any products developed under the agreement. We are responsible for supply of bulk rHuPH20 based on the collaboration partner’s purchase orders, and may also be separately engaged to perform research and development services. We collect an upfront license payment from the collaboration partner, and are also entitled to receive event-based payments subject to the collaboration partner’s achievement of specified development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. In several agreements, collaboration partners pay us annual fees to maintain their exclusive license rights if they are unable to advance product F-12 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) development to specified stages. We earn separate fees for bulk rHuPH20 supplies and research and development services. In addition, the collaboration partner will pay us royalties at an on average mid-single digit percent rate of their sales if products under the collaboration are commercialized. All amounts owed to us are noncancelable after the underlying triggering event occurs, and nonrefundable once paid. Unless terminated earlier in accordance with its terms, the collaboration continues in effect until the later of: (i) expiration of the last to expire of the valid claims of our patents covering rHuPH20 or other specified patents developed under the collaboration which valid claim covers a product developed under the collaboration, and (ii) expiration of the last to expire royalty term for a product developed under the collaboration, which is determined separately for each country. In the event such valid claims expire prior to the last to expire royalty term, the royalty rate is reduced for the remaining royalty term following such expiration. The collaboration partner may terminate the agreement prior to expiration for any reason in its entirety or on a target-by-target basis generally upon 90 days prior written notice to us. Upon any such termination, the license granted to the collaboration partner (in total or with respect to the terminated target, as applicable) will terminate provided, however, that in the event of expiration of the agreement, the licenses granted will become perpetual, non-exclusive and fully paid. Although these agreements are in form structured as collaborative agreements, we concluded for accounting purposes they represent contracts with customers, and are not subject to accounting literature on collaborative arrangements. This is because we grant to collaboration partners licenses to our intellectual property, and provide supply of bulk rHuPH20 and research and development services which are all outputs of our ongoing activities, in exchange for consideration. We do not develop assets jointly with collaboration partners, and do not share in significant risks of their development or commercialization activities. Accordingly, we concluded our collaborative agreements must be accounted for pursuant to ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under all of our collaborative agreements, we have identified licenses to use functional intellectual property as the only performance obligation. The intellectual property underlying the license is our proprietary ENHANZE® technology which represents application of rHuPH20 to facilitate delivery of drugs or fluids. The license grants the collaboration partners right to use our intellectual property as it exists on the effective date of the license, because there is no ongoing development of the ENHANZE technology required. Therefore, we recognize revenue from licenses at the point when the license becomes effective and the collaboration partner has received access to our intellectual property, usually at the inception of the agreement. When collaboration partners can select additional targets to add to the licenses granted, we consider these rights to be options. We evaluate whether such options contain material rights, i.e. have exercise prices that are discounted compared to what we would charge for a similar license to a new collaboration partner. The exercise price of these options includes a combination of the target selection fees, event-based milestone payments and royalties. When these amounts in aggregate are not offered at a discount that exceeds discounts available to other customers, we conclude the option does not contain a material right, and we consider grants of additional licensing rights upon option exercises to be separate contracts (target selection contracts). We provide standard indemnification and protection of licensed intellectual property for our customers. These provisions are part of assurance that the licenses meet the agreements representations and are not obligations to provide goods or services. We also fulfill purchase orders for supply of bulk rHuPH20 and perform research and development services pursuant to projects authorization forms for our collaboration partners, which represent separate contracts. Additionally, we price our supply of bulk rHuPH20 and research and development services at our regular selling prices, called standalone selling price or SSP. Therefore, our collaboration partners do not have material rights to order these items at prices not reflective of SSP. Refer to the discussion below regarding recognition of revenue for these separate contracts. Transaction price for a contract represents the amount to which we are entitled in exchange for providing goods and services to the customer. Transaction price does not include amounts subject to uncertainties unless it is probable that there will be no significant reversal of revenue when the uncertainty is resolved. Apart from the upfront license payment (or target selection fees in the target selection contracts), all other fees we may earn under our collaborative agreements are subject to significant uncertainties of product development. Achievement of many of the event-based development and regulatory milestones may not be probable until such milestones are actually achieved. This generally relates to milestones such as obtaining marketing authorization approvals and successful completion of clinical trials. With respect to other development milestones, e.g. dosing of a first patient in a clinical trial, achievement could be considered probable prior to its actual occurrence, based on the progress towards commencement of the trial. We do not include any amounts subject to uncertainties into the transaction price until it is probable that the amount will F-13 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) not result in a significant reversal of revenue in the future. At the end of each reporting period, we re-evaluate the probability of achievement of such milestones and any related constraint, and if necessary, adjust our estimate of the overall transaction price. When target exchange rights are held by collaboration partners, and the amounts attributed to these rights are not refundable, they are included in the transaction price. However, they are recorded as deferred revenues because we have a potential performance obligation to provide a new target if the exchange right is exercised. These amounts are recognized in revenue when the right of exchange expires or is exercised. Because our agreements only have one type of performance obligation (licenses) which are typically all transferred at the same time at agreement inception, allocation of transaction price often is not required. However, allocation is required when licenses for some of the individual targets are subject to rights of exchange, because revenue associated with these targets cannot be recognized. We perform an allocation of the upfront amount based on relative SSP of licenses for individual targets. We determine license SSP using income-based valuation approach utilizing risk-adjusted discounted cash flow projections of the estimated return a licensor would receive. When amounts subject to uncertainties, such as milestones and royalties, are included in the transaction price, we attribute them to the specific individual target licenses which generate such milestone or royalty amounts. We also estimate SSP of bulk rHuPH20 and research and development services, to determine that our collaboration partners do not have material rights to order them at discounted prices. For supplies of bulk rHuPH20, because we effectively act as a contract manufacturer to our collaboration partners, we estimate and charge SSP based on the typical contract manufacturer margins consistently with all of our collaborative partners. We determine SSP of research and development services based on a fully-burdened labor rate. Our rates are comparable to those we observe in other collaborative agreements. We also have a history of charging similar rates to all of our collaboration partners. Upfront amounts allocated to licenses to individual targets are recognized as revenue when the license is transferred to the collaboration partner, as discussed above, if the license is not subject to exchange rights, or when the exchange right expires or is exercised. Development milestones and other fees are recognized in revenue when they are included in the transaction price, because by that time we have already transferred the related license to the collaboration partner. Sales-based milestones and royalties cannot be recognized until the underlying sales occur. We do not receive final royalty reports from our collaboration partners until after we complete our financial statements for a prior quarter. Therefore, we recognize revenue based on estimates of the royalty earned, which are based on preliminary reports provided by our collaboration partners. We will record a true-up in the following quarter if necessary, when final royalty reports are received. To date, we have not recorded any material true-ups. In contracts to provide research and development services, such services represent the only performance obligation. The fees are charged based on hours worked by our employees and the fixed contractual rate per hour, plus third-party pass-through costs, on a monthly basis. We recognize revenues as the related services are performed based on the amounts billed, as the collaboration partner consumes the benefit of research and development work simultaneously as we perform these services, and the amounts billed reflect the value of these services to the customer. Refer to Note 4 Revenue, for further discussion on our collaborative arrangements. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018, we recognized upfront amounts received under two of our collaborative agreements straight-line over the contract term in accordance with the accounting standards that were in effect in 2006-2007, when these collaborative agreements were entered into. In addition, we recognized royalty revenue in the period when we received final royalty reports from the collaboration partners, in the quarter following the quarter in which the corresponding sales occurred. There were no other adoption differences in revenue recognized due to the transition from the previously existing authoritative accounting literature to ASC 606. F-14 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Product Sales, Net - as reported under ASC 606 beginning January 1, 2018 Hylenex Recombinant We sell Hylenex recombinant in the U.S. to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors, who sell the product to hospitals and other end-user customers. Sales to wholesalers are made pursuant to purchase orders subject to the terms of a master agreement, and delivery of individual packages of Hylenex recombinant represent performance obligations under each purchase order. We use a contract manufacturer to produce Hylenex recombinant and a third-party logistics (3PL) vendor to process and fulfill orders . We concluded we are the principal in the sales to wholesalers because we control access to services rendered by both vendors and direct their activities. We have no significant obligations to wholesalers to generate pull-through sales. Selling prices initially billed to wholesalers are subject to discounts for prompt payment and subsequent chargebacks when wholesalers sell Hylenex recombinant at negotiated discounted prices to members of certain group purchasing organizations (“GPOs”) and government programs. We also pay quarterly distribution fees to certain wholesalers for inventory reporting and chargeback processing, and to GPOs as administrative fees for services and for access to GPO members. We concluded the benefits received in exchange for these fees are not distinct from our sales of Hylenex recombinant, and accordingly we apply these amounts to reduce revenues. Wholesalers also have rights to return unsold product nearing or past the expiration date. Because of the shelf life of Hylenex recombinant and our lengthy return period, there may be a significant period of time between when the product is shipped and when we issue credits on returned product. We estimate the transaction price when we receive each purchase order taking into account the expected reductions of the selling price initially billed to the wholesaler arising from all of the above factors. We have compiled historical experience and data to estimate future returns and chargebacks of Hylenex recombinant and the impact of the other discounts and fees we pay. When estimating these adjustments to the transaction price, we reduce it sufficiently to be able to assert that it is probable that there will be no significant reversal of revenue when the ultimate adjustment amounts are known. Each purchase order contains only one type of product, and is usually shipped to the wholesaler in a single shipment. Therefore, allocation of the transaction price to individual packages is not required. We recognize revenue from Hylenex recombinant product sales and related cost of sales upon product delivery to the wholesaler location. At that time, the wholesalers take control of the product as they take title, bear the risk of loss of ownership, and have an enforceable obligation to pay us. They also have the ability to direct sales of product to their customers on terms and at prices they negotiate. Although wholesalers have product return rights, we do not believe they have a significant incentive to return the product to us. Upon recognition of revenue from product sales of Hylenex recombinant, the estimated amounts of credit for product returns, chargebacks, distribution fees, prompt payment discounts, and GPO fees are included in sales reserves, accrued liabilities and net of accounts receivable. We monitor actual product returns, chargebacks, discounts and fees subsequent to the sale. If these amounts differ from our estimates, we make adjustments to these allowances, which are applied to increase or reduce product sales revenue and earnings in the period of adjustment. In connection with the orders placed by wholesalers, we incur costs such as commissions to our sales representatives. However, as revenue from product sales is recognized upon delivery to the wholesaler, which occurs shortly after we receive a purchase order, we do not capitalize these commissions and other costs, based on application of a practical expedient allowed in ASC 606. F-15 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Bulk rHuPH20 We sell bulk rHuPH20 to collaboration partners for use in research and development; subsequent to receiving marketing approval, we sell it for use in collaboration commercial products. Sales are made pursuant to purchase orders subject to the terms of the collaborative agreement, and delivery of units of bulk rHuPH20 represent performance obligations under each purchase order. We provide a standard warranty that the product conforms to specifications. We use a contract manufacturer to produce bulk rHuPH20 and have concluded we are the principal in the sales to collaboration partners. The transaction price for each purchase order of bulk rHuPH20 is fixed based on the cost of production plus a contractual markup, and is not subject to adjustments. Allocation of the transaction price to individual quantities of the product is usually not required because each order contains only one type of product. We recognize revenue from the sale of bulk rHuPH20 as product sales and related cost of sales upon transfer of title to our partners. At that time, the partners take control of the product, bear the risk of loss of ownership, and have an enforceable obligation to pay us. There were no differences in how the previously existing authoritative accounting literature applied to our product sales transactions. ENHANZE Drug Product We sell ENHANZE drug product to collaboration partners for use in research and development in early phase clinical studies. Sales are made pursuant to purchase orders subject to the terms of the collaborative agreement, and delivery of units of ENHANZE drug product represent performance obligations under each purchase order. We provide a standard warranty that the product conforms to specifications. We use a contract manufacturer to produce ENHANZE drug product and we concluded we are the principal in the sales to collaboration partners. The transaction price for each purchase order of ENHANZE drug product is fixed based on the cost of production plus a contractual markup, and is not subject to adjustments. Allocation of the transaction price to individual quantities of the product is usually not required because each order contains only one type of product. We recognize revenue from the sale of ENHANZE drug product as product sales and related cost of sales upon transfer of title to our partners. At that time, the partners take control of the product, bear the risk of loss of ownership, and have an enforceable obligation to pay us. There were no differences in how the previously existing authoritative accounting literature applied to our product sales transactions. Revenue Presentation In our statements of operations, we report as revenues under collaborative agreements the upfront payments, event-based development and regulatory milestones and sales milestones. We also include in this category revenues from separate research and development contracts pursuant to project authorization forms and sales of bulk rHuPH20 that has no alternative future use. We report royalties received from collaboration partners as a separate line in our statements of operations. Revenues from sales of Hylenex recombinant, bulk rHuPH20 that has alternative future use and ENHANZE drug product are included in product sales, net. In footnotes to our financial statements, we provide disaggregated revenue information by type of arrangement (product sales, net, collaborative agreements and research and development services), and additionally, by type of payment stream received under collaborative agreements (upfront amounts, event-based development and regulatory milestones and other fees, sales milestones and royalties). F-16 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Cost of Product Sales Cost of product sales consists primarily of raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs, fill and finish costs, freight costs, internal costs and manufacturing overhead associated with the production of Hylenex recombinant and bulk rHuPH20 and ENHANZE drug product that has alternative future use. Cost of product sales also consists of the write-down of excess, dated and obsolete inventories and the write-off of inventories that do not meet certain product specifications, if any. Prior to bulk rHuPH20 and ENHANZE drug product having alternative future use, all costs related to the manufacturing of those products were charged to research and development expenses in the periods such costs were incurred. During the year ended December 31, 2018, sales of bulk rHuPH20 and ENHANZE drug product included $2.6 million of cost of sales that were previously expensed as research and development. Of the bulk rHuPH20 and ENHANZE drug product that has alternative future use on hand as of December 31, 2018, approximately $1.9 million in manufacturing costs were previously recorded as research and development expenses. We expect to sell this inventory by the end of 2020. Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses include salaries and benefits, facilities and other overhead expenses, external clinical trial expenses, research related manufacturing services, contract services and other outside expenses. Research and development expenses are charged to operating expenses as incurred when these expenditures relate to our research and development efforts and have no alternative future uses. When bulk rHuPH20 is manufactured for use in research and development by us or our partners and the product cannot be redirected for alternative use due to formulation and manufacturing specifications, the manufacturing costs are recorded as research and development expense. Bulk rHuPH20 that is manufactured for partner use prior to our partner receiving marketing approval from the FDA or comparable regulatory agencies in foreign countries and meet these specifications is recorded as research and development expenses. The manufacturing costs of bulk rHuPH20 for the approved collaboration products, Herceptin SC, MabThera SC (RITUXAN HYCELA™ in the U.S.) and HYQVIA, incurred after the receipt of marketing approvals are capitalized as inventory. Bulk rHuPH20 formulations manufactured for general partner and internal use, which can potentially be used by any collaboration partner or by us in any stage of development or in commercial products, is considered to have alternative future use and all manufacturing costs are capitalized as inventory. Inventories used in our clinical trials are expensed at the time the inventories are packaged for the clinical trials. We are obligated to make upfront payments upon execution of certain research and development agreements. Advance payments, including nonrefundable amounts, for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities are deferred. Such amounts are recognized as expense as the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed or such time when we do not expect the goods to be delivered or services to be performed. Milestone payments that we make in connection with in-licensed technology for a particular research and development project that have no alternative future uses (in other research and development projects or otherwise) and therefore no separate economic value are expensed as research and development costs at the time the costs are incurred. We currently have no in-licensed technologies that have alternative future uses in research and development projects or otherwise. Clinical Trial Expenses We make payments in connection with our clinical trials under contracts with contract research organizations that support conducting and managing clinical trials. The financial terms of these agreements are subject to negotiation and vary from contract to contract and may result in uneven payment flows. Generally, these agreements set forth the scope of work to be performed at a fixed fee, unit price or on a time and materials basis. A portion of our obligation to make payments under these contracts depends on factors such as the successful enrollment or treatment of patients or the completion of other clinical trial milestones. Expenses related to clinical trials are accrued based on our estimates and/or representations from service providers regarding work performed, including actual level of patient enrollment, completion of patient studies and progress of the clinical trials. Other incidental costs related to patient enrollment or treatment are accrued when reasonably certain. If the amounts we are obligated to pay under our clinical trial agreements are modified (for instance, as a result of changes in the clinical trial protocol or scope of work to be performed), we adjust our accruals accordingly on a prospective basis. Revisions to our contractual payment obligations are charged to expense in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become reasonably certain. F-17 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Share-Based Compensation We record compensation expense associated with stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and RSUs with performance conditions (“PRSUs”) in accordance with the authoritative guidance for stock-based compensation. The cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Share-based compensation expense for an award with a performance condition is recognized when the achievement of such performance condition is determined to be probable. If the outcome of such performance condition is not determined to be probable or is not met, no compensation expense is recognized and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed. Forfeitures are recognized as a reduction of share-based compensation expense as they occur. Income Taxes We provide for income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities at each year end and their respective tax bases and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Significant judgment is required by management to determine our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the valuation allowance to record against our net deferred tax assets, which are based on complex and evolving tax regulations throughout the world. Deferred tax assets and other tax benefits are recorded when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon audit. While we have begun to utilize certain of our net operating losses, we have not yet established a track record of profitability. Accordingly, valuation allowances have been recorded to reduce our net deferred tax assets to zero , with the exception of the alternative minimum tax ("AMT") credit carryover of $3.0 million . Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) enacted in December 2017, the AMT credit carryover will either be utilized, or if unutilized fully refunded in 2022. For all other deferred tax assets the valuation allowance will reduce the net value to zero until such time as we can demonstrate an ability to realize them. The Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. As a result, the Company evaluated and adjusted its deferred tax assets to reflect the new corporate tax rates as of December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2018, upon completing its analysis of the Act, the Company believes that its disclosures in its financial statements as of December 31, 2017 are still accurate. Net (Loss) Income Per Share Basic net (loss) income per common share is computed by dividing net (loss) income for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Outstanding stock options, unvested RSAs, unvested RSUs and unvested PRSUs are considered common stock equivalents and are only included in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share when net income is reported and their effect is dilutive. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , approximately 13.8 million , 7.1 million , and 13.8 million shares, respectively, of outstanding stock options, unvested RSAs, unvested RSUs and unvested PRSUs were excluded from the calculation of diluted net (loss) income per common share because their effect was anti-dilutive. A reconciliation of the numerators and the denominators of the basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share computations is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): F-18 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Numerator: Net (loss) income Denominator: Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic net (loss) income per share Net effect of dilutive common stock equivalents Weighted average common shares outstanding for diluted net (loss) income per share Net (loss) income per share: Basic Diluted Segment Information Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ (80,330) $ 62,971 $ (103,023) 143,599 136,419 127,964 — 2,649 — 143,599 139,068 127,964 $ $ (0.56) $ (0.56) $ 0.46 $ 0.45 $ (0.81) (0.81) We operate our business in one segment, which includes all activities related to the research, development and commercialization of our proprietary enzymes. This segment also includes revenues and expenses related to (i) research and development and bulk rHuPH20 manufacturing activities conducted under our collaborative agreements with third parties and (ii) product sales of Hylenex recombinant. The chief operating decision-maker reviews the operating results on an aggregate basis and manages the operations as a single operating segment. Our long-lived assets located in foreign countries had no and minimal book value as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. F-19 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Adoption and Pending Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements The following table provides a brief description of recently issued accounting standards, those adopted in the current period and those not yet adopted: Standard Description In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall; Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes; Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory The new guidance supersedes the guidance to classify equity securities with readily determinable fair values into different categories (that is, trading or available-for-sale) and requires equity securities to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income. The new guidance requires public business entities that are required to disclose fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet to measure that fair value using the exit price notion consistent with Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. The new guidance removes the current requirement to defer the income tax effects of intercompany transfers of assets other than inventory (e.g., intangible assets) until the asset has been sold to an outside party. As a result, the income tax consequences of an intercompany transfer of assets other than inventory will be recognized in the current period income statement rather than being deferred until the assets leave the consolidated entity. F-20 Effective Date January 1, 2018. Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters We currently do not hold equity securities. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. January 1, 2018 We adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2018. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Effective Date January 1, 2018. Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters We adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. Refer to Notes 2 “Revenue Recognition” and 4 for additional detail regarding the impact of this adoption. Standard In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). In March, April, May and December 2016, the FASB issued additional guidance related to Topic 606. Description The new standard will supersede nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance. Under Topic 606, an entity is required to recognize revenue upon transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the expected consideration to be received in exchange for those goods or services. Topic 606 defines a five-step process in order to achieve this core principle, which may require the use of judgment and estimates, and also requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures relating to the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers, including significant judgments and estimates used. The new standard also defines accounting for certain costs related to origination and fulfillment of contracts with customers, including whether such costs should be capitalized. F-21 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Standard In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). In July 2018, the FASB issued additional guidance related to Topic 842. Description The new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases and provides enhanced disclosures. Effective Date January 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820). The new guidance removes, modifies and adds to certain disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. January 1, 2020 F-22 Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters We plan to implement the guidance on January 1, 2019 using a modified retrospective transition basis for leases existing as of the period of adoption. In order to adopt the new standard, we will be using available practical expedients and newly implemented processes and internal controls for lease accounting. The practical expedients allow us to carry forward our historical assessment of whether existing agreements are or contain a lease and the classification of our existing lease arrangements. We expect all of our real-estate and automobile operating lease commitments will be recognized as lease liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets upon adoption, resulting in an increase in the assets and liabilities of the consolidated balance sheet of approximately $7.2 million using an assumed incremental borrowing rate of 10.0%. We anticipate that the adoption will not have an impact in our consolidated statements of operations and will not require recognition of a cumulative- effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. We plan to adopt the new guidance on January 1, 2020. We do not anticipate the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Standard In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments Description The standard amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that aren’t measured at fair value through net income. For available-for-sale debt securities, entities will be required to recognize an allowance for credit losses rather than a reduction in carrying value of the asset. Entities will no longer be permitted to consider the length of time that fair value has been less than amortized cost when evaluating when credit losses should be recognized. 3. Fair Value Measurement Available-for-sale marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands): Effective Date January 1, 2020 Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters We plan to adopt the new guidance on January 1, 2020. We do not anticipate the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. Asset-backed securities Corporate debt securities U.S. Treasury securities Commercial paper Corporate debt securities U.S. Treasury securities Commercial paper Amortized Cost $ 39,787 $ 57,860 $ 84,924 114,273 December 31, 2018 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value — $ (40) $ — — — (127) (87) — 39,747 57,733 84,837 114,273 296,590 $ 296,844 $ — $ (254) $ Amortized Cost $ 117,427 $ 66,601 116,882 $ 300,910 $ December 31, 2017 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value — $ — — — $ (235) $ (201) — (436) $ 117,192 66,400 116,882 300,474 As of December 31, 2018 , 22 available-for-sale marketable securities with a fair market value of $167.3 million were in a gross unrealized loss position of $0.3 million , all of which had been in such position for less than 12 months. Based on our review of these marketable securities, we believe we had no other-than- temporary impairments on these securities as of December 31, 2018 , because we do not intend to sell these securities and it is not more-likely-than-not that we will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis. F-23 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Contractual maturities of available-for-sale debt securities are as follows (in thousands): Due within one year After one but within five years December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ $ Estimated Fair Value 296,590 $ — 296,590 $ 213,426 87,048 300,474 The following table summarizes, by major security type, our cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in thousands): Cash equivalents: Money market funds Commercial paper Available-for-sale marketable securities: Asset-backed securities Corporate debt securities U.S. Treasury securities Commercial paper December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Level 1 Level 2 Total estimated fair value Level 1 Level 2 Total estimated fair value $ 57,987 $ — $ 57,987 $ 142,091 $ — $ 142,091 — — — — 15,700 15,700 — — 84,837 39,747 57,733 — 39,747 57,733 84,837 — — 66,400 — 117,192 — — 114,273 114,273 — 116,882 $ 142,824 $ 211,753 $ 354,577 $ 208,491 $ 249,774 $ — 117,192 66,400 116,882 458,265 There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the year ended December 31, 2018 . We had no instruments that were classified within Level 3 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 . F-24 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) 4. Revenue Our disaggregated revenues were as follows (in thousands): Royalties Product sales, net Sales of bulk rHuPH20 Sales of ENHANZE drug product Sales of Hylenex Total product sales, net Revenues under collaborative agreements: Upfront license fees Event-based development milestones and other fees Sales-based milestones Research and development services Total revenues under collaborative agreements Year Ended December 31, 2018 78,981 $ 2017 63,507 $ 2016 50,984 $ $ 12,729 $ 35,246 $ 37,235 460 15,045 28,234 — 15,150 50,396 — 16,157 53,392 26,336 172,806 16,000 16,317 — 1,417 2,311 12,170 44,647 202,710 1,406 18,067 1,370 21,472 42,315 Total revenue $ 151,862 $ 316,613 $ 146,691 During the year ended December 31, 2018 we recognized revenue related to licenses granted to collaboration partners in prior periods in the amount of $95.0 million . This amount represents royalties earned in the current period, development milestones of $6.0 million from Roche, $5.0 million from Alexion, and $5.0 million from BMS. We also recognized revenue of $2.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2018 that had been included in deferred revenues at December 31, 2017. We did not recognize any adjustments to reduce sales reserves and allowances liability related to Hylenex recombinant sales in prior periods. Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was determined in accordance with the accounting rules applicable prior to the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018. Upon the adoption of ASC 606, we recognized an adjustment to increase our accounts receivable by $19.4 million , decrease deferred revenues by $51.8 million , and decrease accumulated deficit by $71.2 million . The impact of applying the provisions of ASC 606 in the year ended December 31, 2018 was to decrease revenues by $4.7 million . Under the previously existing authoritative accounting literature, at December 31, 2018 our accounts receivable, net would have been $19.3 million lower, and our deferred revenue $47.4 million higher, than the amounts reported in our consolidated balance sheet. ASC 606 did not have an aggregate impact on our net cash used in operating activities, but resulted in offsetting changes in net loss and certain assets and liabilities within net cash used in operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. Accounts receivable, net and deferred revenues (contract liabilities) from contracts with customers, including collaboration partners, consisted of the following (in thousands): Accounts receivable, net Deferred revenues December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ 30,005 $ 9,255 22,133 60,865 F-25 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) As of December 31, 2018 , the amounts included in the transaction price of our contracts with customers, including collaboration partners, and allocated to goods and services not yet provided were $9.3 million . This amount has been collected and is reported as deferred revenues. Of the total deferred revenues, $3.0 million represents pre-payment of bulk rHuPH20 that we estimate will be delivered in 2019. Of the remaining deferred revenues, for which the timing of when these goods and services will be provided is controlled by our customers, $4.0 million can be used by the customers at any time through 2022 and the remaining $2.3 million at any time through November 2019. There were no contract assets related to collaborative agreements at December 31, 2018 . While we may become entitled to receive additional event-based development and regulatory milestones and other fees under our collaborative agreements, which relate to intellectual property licenses granted to collaboration partners in prior periods, no amounts were probable. The following table presents amounts under our collaborative agreements included in the transaction price (i.e. cumulative amounts triggered or probable) as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands): Collaboration partner and agreement date: Roche (December 2006, September 2017 and October 2018) $ 95,000 $ 30,000 $ 22,000 $ 228,780 $ 375,780 Upfront (1) Development (2) Sales (3) Royalty Total Baxalta (September 2007) Pfizer (December 2012) Janssen (December 2014) AbbVie (June 2015) Lilly (December 2015) BMS (September 2017) Alexion (December 2017) 10,000 14,500 15,250 23,000 33,000 105,000 40,000 3,000 2,000 15,000 6,000 — 5,000 5,000 9,000 24,608 — — — — — — — — — — — — 46,608 16,500 30,250 29,000 33,000 110,000 45,000 (1) Upfront and additional target selection fees (2) Event-based development and regulatory milestone amounts and other fees (3) Sales-based milestone amounts Through December 31, 2018 , our collaboration partners have completed development, obtained marketing authorization approvals for certain indications and commenced commercialization of the following products: • • Roche, for Herceptin SC in the European Union (“EU”) in August 2013; and MabThera SC in the EU in March 2014 and its equivalent RITUXAN HYCELA™ in the US in June 2017; and Herceptin SC in Canada in September 2018; Baxalta, for HYQVIA in the EU and in the US in May 2013. The remaining targets and products are currently in the process of development by the collaboration partners. F-26 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) 5. Certain Balance Sheet Items Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following (in thousands): Accounts receivable from product sales to collaborators Accounts receivable from revenues under collaborative agreements Accounts receivable from royalty payments Accounts receivable from other product sales Subtotal Allowance for distribution fees and discounts Total accounts receivable, net Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands): Raw materials Work-in-process Finished goods Total inventories Prepaid expenses and other assets consisted of the following (in thousands): Prepaid manufacturing expenses Prepaid research and development expenses Other prepaid expenses Other assets Total prepaid expenses and other assets Less long-term portion Total prepaid expenses and other assets, current December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ 3,717 $ 5,499 19,199 2,182 30,597 (592) $ 30,005 $ 18,475 2,142 — 2,075 22,692 (559) 22,133 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ $ 735 $ 11,430 10,460 22,625 $ 377 2,131 2,638 5,146 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ 8,230 $ 7,922 2,513 6,462 25,127 4,434 $ 20,693 $ 2,337 7,793 2,585 6,717 19,432 5,553 13,879 Prepaid manufacturing expenses include raw materials, slot reservation fees and other amounts paid to contract manufacturing organizations. Such amounts are reclassified to work-in-process inventory as materials are used or the CMO services are complete. F-27 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands): Research equipment Manufacturing equipment Computer and office equipment Leasehold improvements Subtotal Accumulated depreciation and amortization Property and equipment, net December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ 9,945 $ 3,979 5,211 4,569 23,704 (16,239) $ 7,465 $ 9,268 1,702 3,725 2,715 17,410 (13,890) 3,520 Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $2.4 million , $2.2 million , and $2.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Accrued outsourced research and development expenses $ 21,921 $ Accrued compensation and payroll taxes Accrued outsourced manufacturing expenses Other accrued expenses Total accrued expenses Less long-term portion Total accrued expenses, current Deferred revenue consisted of the following (in thousands): Collaborative agreements License fees and event-based payments: Roche Other Product sales Total deferred revenue Less current portion 16,604 3,975 7,623 50,123 594 $ 49,529 $ $ — $ 2,264 2,264 6,991 9,255 4,247 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 18,757 13,384 2,504 5,396 40,041 440 39,601 39,379 15,999 55,378 5,487 60,865 6,568 54,297 Deferred revenue, net of current portion $ 5,008 $ F-28 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) 6. Long-Term Debt, Net Royalty-backed Loan In January 2016 , through our wholly-owned subsidiary Halozyme Royalty LLC (“Halozyme Royalty”), we received a $150 million loan (the “Royalty- backed Loan”) pursuant to a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with BioPharma Credit Investments IV Sub, LP and Athyrium Opportunities II Acquisition LP (the “Royalty-backed Lenders”). Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. transferred to Halozyme Royalty the right to receive royalty payments from the commercial sales of ENHANZE products owed under the Roche Collaboration and Baxalta Collaboration (“Collaboration Agreements”). The royalty payments from the Collaboration Agreements will be used to repay the principal and interest on the loan (the “Royalty Payments”). The Royalty-backed Loan bears interest at a per annum rate of 8.75% plus the three-month LIBOR rate . The three-month LIBOR rate is subject to a floor of 0.7% and a cap of 1.5% . The interest rate as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 was 10.25% . The Credit Agreement provides that none of the Royalty Payments were required to be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan prior to January 1, 2017, 50% of the Royalty Payments are required to be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2018 and thereafter all Royalty Payments must be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan. However, the amounts available to repay the Royalty-backed Loan are subject to caps of $13.75 million per quarter in 2017, $18.75 million per quarter in 2018, $21.25 million per quarter in 2019 and $22.5 million per quarter in 2020 and thereafter. Amounts available to repay the Royalty-backed Loan will be applied first to pay interest and second to repay principal on the Royalty-backed Loan. Any accrued interest that is not paid on any applicable quarterly payment date, as defined, will be capitalized and added to the principal balance of the Royalty-backed Loan on such date. Halozyme Royalty will be entitled to receive and distribute to Halozyme any Royalty Payments that are not required to be applied to the Royalty-backed Loan or which are in excess of the foregoing caps. Because the repayment of the term loan is contingent upon the level of Royalty Payments received, the repayment term may be shortened or extended depending on the actual level of Royalty Payments. The final maturity date of the Royalty-backed Loan will be the earlier of (i) the date when principal and interest is paid in full, (ii) the termination of Halozyme Royalty’s right to receive royalties under the Collaboration Agreements, and (iii) December 31, 2050 . Currently, we estimate that the loan will be repaid in the first quarter of 2020. This estimate could be adversely affected and the repayment period could be extended if future royalty amounts are less than currently expected. Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, at any time after January 1, 2019, Halozyme Royalty may, subject to certain limitations, prepay the outstanding principal of the Royalty-backed Loan in whole or in part, at a price equal to 105% of the outstanding principal on the Royalty-backed Loan, plus accrued but unpaid interest. The Royalty-backed Loan constitutes an obligation of Halozyme Royalty, and is non-recourse to Halozyme. Halozyme Royalty retains its right to the Royalty Payments following repayment of the loan. As of December 31, 2018 , we were in compliance with all covenants under the Royalty-backed Loan and there was no material adverse change in our business, operations or financial condition. We began making principal and interest payments against the Royalty-backed Loan in the first quarter of 2017 and we recorded accrued interest, which is included in accrued expenses, of $0.4 million and $0.7 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. In connection with the Royalty-backed Loan, we paid the Royalty-backed Lenders a fee of $1.5 million and incurred additional debt issuance costs totaling $0.4 million , which includes expenses that we paid on behalf of the Royalty-backed Lenders and expenses incurred directly by us. Debt issuance costs and the lender fee have been netted against the debt as of December 31, 2018 , and are being amortized over the estimated term of the debt using the effective interest method. For the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized interest expense, including amortization of the debt discount, related to the Royalty-backed Loan of $13.1 million , $16.4 million and $14.5 million , respectively. The assumptions used in determining the expected repayment term of the debt and amortization period of the issuance costs requires that we make estimates that could impact the short- and long-term classification of these costs, as well as the period over which these costs will be amortized. The outstanding balance of the Royalty-backed Loan as of December 31, 2018 was $85.0 million , net of unamortized debt discount of $0.3 million . F-29 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Oxford and SVB Loan and Security Agreement In June 2016, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Oxford Finance LLC (“Oxford”) and Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) (collectively, the “Lenders”), providing a senior secured loan facility of up to an aggregate principal amount of $70.0 million , comprising a $55.0 million draw in June 2016 and an additional $15.0 million tranche, which we had the option to draw during the second quarter of 2017 and did not exercise. The initial proceeds were partially used to pay the outstanding principal and final payment of $4.25 million owed on a previous loan agreement with the Lenders. The remaining proceeds are being used for working capital and general business requirements. The senior secured loan facility carries a fixed interest rate of 8.25% . The repayment schedule provides for interest only payments for the first 18 months , followed by consecutive equal monthly payments of principal and interest in arrears through the maturity date of January 1, 2021 . The Loan Agreement provides for a final payment equal to 5.50% of the initial $55.0 million principal amount. The final payment is due when the Loan Agreement becomes due or upon the prepayment of the facility. We have the option to prepay the outstanding balance of the Loan Agreement in full. In connection with the Loan Agreement, the debt offering costs have been recorded as a debt discount in our consolidated balance sheets which, together with the final payment and fixed interest rate payments, are being amortized and recorded as interest expense throughout the life of the loan using the effective interest rate method. The Loan Agreement is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and our subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., except that the collateral does not include any equity interests in Halozyme, Inc., any of our intellectual property (including all licensing, collaboration and similar agreements relating thereto), and certain other excluded assets. The Loan Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants by us, which covenants limit our ability to convey, sell, lease, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of certain of our assets; engage in any business other than the businesses currently engaged in by us or reasonably related thereto; liquidate or dissolve; make certain management changes; undergo certain change of control events; create, incur, assume, or be liable with respect to certain indebtedness; grant certain liens; pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments; make certain investments; make payments on any subordinated debt; enter into transactions with any of our affiliates outside of the ordinary course of business or permit our subsidiaries to do the same; and make any voluntary prepayment of or modify certain terms of the Royalty-backed Loan. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, we are required to maintain with SVB our primary deposit accounts, securities accounts and commodities, and to do the same for our subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc. The Loan Agreement also contains customary indemnification obligations and customary events of default, including, among other things, our failure to fulfill certain of our obligations under the Loan Agreement and the occurrence of a material adverse change which is defined as a material adverse change in our business, operations, or condition (financial or otherwise), a material impairment of the prospect of repayment of any portion of the loan, a material impairment in the perfection or priority of the Lender’s lien in the collateral or in the value of such collateral or the occurrence of an event of default under the Royalty-backed Loan. In the event of default by us under the Loan Agreement, the Lenders would be entitled to exercise their remedies thereunder, including the right to accelerate the debt, upon which we may be required to repay all amounts then outstanding under the Loan Agreement, which could harm our financial condition. As of December 31, 2018 , we were in compliance with all covenants under the Loan Agreement and there was no material adverse change in our business, operations or financial condition. Interest expense, including amortization of the debt discount, related to the Loan Agreement totaled $4.9 million , $5.5 million and $20.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Accrued interest, which is included in accrued expenses, was $0.3 million and $0.4 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The outstanding term loan balance was $41.4 million as of December 31, 2018 , inclusive of $2.2 million of accretion of the final payment and net of unamortized debt discount related to offering costs of $0.2 million . F-30 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Future maturities and interest payments of long-term debt as of December 31, 2018 , are as follows (in thousands): 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Total minimum payments Less amount representing interest Gross balance of long-term debt Less unamortized debt discount Present value of long-term debt Less current portion of long-term debt $ 100,170 32,908 4,755 — — 137,833 (10,191) 127,642 (1,262) 126,380 (91,506) 34,874 Long-term debt, less current portion and unamortized debt discount $ 7. Share-based Compensation We currently grant stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units under the Amended and Restated 2011 Stock Plan (“2011 Stock Plan”), which wa s approved by the stockholders on May 6, 2016 an d provides for the grant of up to 44.2 million shares of common stock to selected employees, consultants and non-employee members of our Board of Directors as stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards and performance awards. The 2011 Stock Plan was approved by the stockholders. Awards are subject to terms and conditions established by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors. During the year ended December 31, 2018 , we granted share-based awards under the 2011 Stock Plan. At December 31, 2018 , 13,400,723 shares were subject to outstanding awards and 12,299,463 shares were available for future grants of share-based awards. Total share-based compensation expense related to share-based awards was comprised of the following (in thousands): Research and development Selling, general and administrative Share-based compensation expense Share-based compensation expense by type of share-based award (in thousands): Stock options RSAs, RSUs and PRSUs F-31 Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 17,220 $ 18,476 35,696 $ 13,080 $ 17,590 30,670 $ 11,470 14,115 25,585 Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 18,742 $ 16,954 35,696 $ 19,583 $ 11,087 30,670 $ 16,544 9,041 25,585 $ $ $ $ Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Total unrecognized estimated compensation cost by type of award and the weighted-average remaining requisite service period over which such expense is expected to be recognized (in thousands, unless otherwise noted): Stock options RSAs RSUs December 31, 2018 Unrecognized Expense $ $ $ 36,326 1,857 23,604 Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period (years) 2.4 0.8 2.0 Cash flows resulting from tax deductions in excess of the cumulative compensation cost recognized for options exercised (excess tax benefits) are classified as cash inflows provided by financing activities and cash outflows used in operating activities. Stock Options. Options granted under the Plans must have an exercise price equal to at least 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The options generally have a maximum contractual term of ten years and vest at the rate of one-fourth of the shares on the first anniversary of the date of grant and 1/48 of the shares monthly thereafter. Certain option awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the Plans). A summary of our stock option award activity as of and for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: Outstanding at January 1, 2016 Granted Exercised Canceled/forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2016 Granted Exercised Canceled/forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2017 Granted Exercised Canceled/forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2018 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018 Exercisable at December 31, 2018 Shares Underlying Stock Options 7,993,192 4,466,306 (413,248) (955,054) 11,091,196 2,717,614 (1,514,826) (1,185,518) 11,108,466 2,687,285 (1,489,138) (1,294,232) 11,012,381 11,012,381 6,351,212 Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share $13.03 $9.03 $6.88 $12.42 $11.70 $12.60 $9.24 $11.89 $12.24 $18.36 $10.96 $13.01 $13.81 $13.81 $12.71 7.1 7.1 6.1 $25.9 million $25.9 million $18.6 million The weighted average grant date fair values of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were $10.33 per share, $7.86 per share and $5.36 per share, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was approximately $11.5 million , $10.0 million and $1.4 million , respectively. Cash received from stock option exercises for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was approximately $16.3 million , $14.0 million and $2.8 million , respectively. F-32 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) The exercise price of stock options granted is equal to the closing price of the common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”). Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of our common stock. The expected term of options granted is based on analyses of historical employee termination rates and option exercises. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield for a period consistent with the expected term of the option in effect at the time of the grant. The dividend yield assumption is based on the expectation of no future dividend payments. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model were as follows: Expected volatility Average expected term (in years) Risk-free interest rate Expected dividend yield Year Ended December 31, 2018 57.2-70.1% 5.4-5.5 2017 69.8-71.7% 5.6 2016 67.5-71.9% 5.4 2.25-2.96% 1.73-2.13% 1.00-1.90% — — — Restricted Stock Awards . RSAs are grants that entitle the holder to acquire shares of our common stock at zero cost. The shares covered by a RSA cannot be sold, pledged, or otherwise disposed of until the award vests and any unvested shares may be reacquired by us for the original purchase price following the awardee’s termination of service. The RSAs will generally vest at the rate of one-fourth of the shares on each anniversary of the date of grant. Annual grants of RSAs to the Board of Directors typically vest in approximately one year. The following table summarizes our RSA activity during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 : Unvested at January 1, 2016 Granted Vested Forfeited Unvested at December 31, 2016 Granted Vested Forfeited Unvested at December 31, 2017 Granted Vested Forfeited Unvested at December 31, 2018 Number of Shares 811,480 968,652 (296,831) (180,198) 1,303,103 98,945 (514,613) (108,485) 778,950 67,959 (385,678) (63,842) 397,389 Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $13.13 $8.41 $12.76 $10.33 $10.09 $14.15 $10.23 $9.62 $10.59 $19.13 $11.73 $10.07 $11.03 The estimated fair value of the RSAs was based on the closing market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The total grant date fair value of RSAs vested during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was approximately $4.5 million , $5.3 million and $3.8 million , respectively. The fair value of RSAs vested during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , was approximately $7.2 million , $6.6 million and $2.5 million , respectively. F-33 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Restricted Stock Units . A RSU is a promise by us to issue a share of our common stock upon vesting of the unit. The RSUs will generally vest at the rate of one-fourth of the shares on each anniversary of the date of grant. The following table summarizes our RSU activity during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 : Unvested at January 1, 2016 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2016 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2017 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2018 Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (yrs) Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $13.49 Aggregate Intrinsic Value $8.17 $12.74 $10.99 $10.16 $12.13 $10.48 $11.11 $11.39 $18.41 $11.58 $14.56 $15.12 1.1 $34.9 million Number of Shares 666,214 796,582 (218,279) (77,948) 1,166,569 1,378,273 (378,406) (251,261) 1,915,175 1,476,382 (582,449) (420,766) 2,388,342 The estimated fair value of the RSUs was based on the closing market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The total grant date fair value of RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was approximately $6.7 million , $4.0 million and $2.8 million , respectively. The fair value of RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was approximately $11.0 million , $4.7 million and $2.1 million , respectively. F-34 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Performance Restricted Stock Units . A PRSU is a promise by us to issue a share of our common stock upon achievement of a specific performance condition. The following table summarizes our PRSU activity during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 : Outstanding at January 1, 2016 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2016 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2017 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2018 Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value 309,707 — (30,037) (79,415) 200,255 — — $9.48 — $9.49 $9.44 $9.49 — — (200,255) $9.49 — — — — — — — — — — The estimated fair value of the PRSUs was based on the closing market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The total grant date fair value and intrinsic value of PRSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was approximately zero , zero and $0.3 million , respectively. 8. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) In May 2017, we completed an underwritten public offering pursuant to which we sold 11.5 million shares of common stock, including 1.5 million shares sold pursuant to the full exercise of an option to purchase additional shares granted to the underwriters. All of the shares were offered at a public offering price of $12.50 per share, generating $134.9 million in net proceeds, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses. We will continue to use the net proceeds from this offering to fund continued development of our PEGPH20 oncology program and for other general corporate purposes. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , we issued an aggregate of 1,489,138 , 1,514,826 and 413,248 shares of common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercises of stock options, for net proceeds of approximately $16.3 million , $14.0 million and $2.8 million , respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , we issued 442,599 , 281,398 and 134,944 shares of common stock, respectively, upon vesting of certain RSUs for which the RSU holders surrendered 139,850 , 97,008 and 83,335 RSUs, respectively, to pay for minimum withholding taxes totaling approximately $4.2 million , $1.9 million and $0.8 million , respectively. In addition, we issued 4,117 shares of common stock, net of cancellations, canceled 9,540 shares of common stock, net of issuances and issued 780,066 shares of common stock, net of cancellations in connection with grants of RSAs during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. F-35 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) 9. Commitments and Contingencies Operating Leases Our administrative offices and research facilities are located in San Diego, California. We lease an aggregate of approximately 80,000 square feet of office and research space in five buildings. The leases commenced in June 2011, November 2013 and June 2018 and continue through January 2023 . The leases are subject to approximately 3.0% annual increases throughout the terms of the leases. We also pay a pro rata share of operating costs, insurance costs, utilities and real property taxes. We received incentives under the leases, including tenant improvement allowances and reduced or free rent, for which the unamortized deferred rent balances associated with these incentives was $1.7 million and $0.3 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We lease approximately 10,000 square feet of office space for a satellite office located in South San Francisco, California. The lease commenced in November 2015 and continues through January 2021 . The lease is subject to approximately 3.0% annual increases throughout the term of the lease. We also pay a pro rata share of operating costs, insurance costs, utilities and real property taxes. We received incentives under the lease, including tenant improvement allowances and reduced or free rent, for which the unamortized deferred rent balances associated with these incentives was $0.2 million and $0.3 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Additionally, we lease certain office equipment under operating leases. Total rent expense was approximately $2.5 million , $2.3 million and $2.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Approximate annual future minimum operating lease payments as of December 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands): Year: 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Total minimum lease payments Other Commitments $ Operating Leases 2,953 2,995 2,557 2,506 112 $ 11,123 We have existing supply agreements with contract manufacturing organizations Avid Bioservices, Inc. (“Avid”) and Catalent Indiana LLC (formerly Cook Pharmica LLC) (“Catalent”) to produce supplies of bulk rHuPH20. Under the terms of the agreements, we are committed to certain minimum annual purchases of bulk rHuPH20. At December 31, 2018 , we had a $14.6 million minimum purchase obligation in connection with these agreements. In June 2011, we entered into a services agreement with Patheon for the technology transfer and manufacture of Hylenex recombinant. At December 31, 2018 , we had a $0.3 million minimum purchase obligation in connection with this agreement. Contingencies We have entered into an in-licensing agreement with a research organization, which is cancelable at our option with 90 days written notice. Under the terms of this agreement, we have received a license to the know-how and technology claimed, in certain patents or patent applications. We are required to pay fees, milestones and/or royalties on future sales of products employing the technology or falling under claims of a patent, and some of the agreements require minimum royalty payments. We continually reassess the value of the license agreement. If the in-licensed and research candidate is successfully developed, we may be required to pay milestone payments of approximately $8.0 million over the life of this agreement in addition to royalties on sales of the affected products. Due to the uncertainties of the development process, the timing and probability of the remaining milestone and royalty payments cannot be accurately estimated. F-36 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Legal Contingencies From time to time, we may be involved in disputes, including litigation, relating to claims arising out of operations in the normal course of our business. Any of these claims could subject us to costly legal expenses and, while we generally believe that we have adequate insurance to cover many different types of liabilities, our insurance carriers may deny coverage or our policy limits may be inadequate to fully satisfy any damage awards or settlements. If this were to happen, the payment of any such awards could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial position. Additionally, any such claims, whether or not successful, could damage our reputation and business. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position. 10. Income Taxes The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) was enacted in December 2017. The Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% . As of December 31, 2017, the Company remeasured its existing deferred tax balance by recording a provisional benefit of $17.1 million , which was fully offset by a change in the valuation allowance. As of December 31, 2018, upon completing its analysis of the Act, the Company believes that the disclosures in its financial statements as of December 31, 2017 are still accurate. Total (loss) income before income taxes summarized by region were as follows (in thousands): United States Foreign Net (loss) income before income taxes Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ $ (45,819) $ 160,938 $ (33,974) (99,328) (79,793) $ 61,610 $ 6,384 (108,245) (101,861) Significant components of our net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) were as follows (in thousands). December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards Deferred revenue Research and development and orphan drug credits Share-based compensation Alternative minimum tax credit Interest expense limitation Other, net Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets Deferred tax assets, net of valuation Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation Total deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax asset $ 26,267 $ 1,395 106,406 9,541 2,959 1,750 2,452 150,770 (146,953) 3,817 (858) (858) $ 2,959 $ F-37 32,630 8,815 75,224 7,423 5,532 — 2,270 131,894 (126,189) 5,705 (173) (173) 5,532 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) A valuation allowance of $147.0 million and $126.2 million has been established to offset the net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively, as realization of such assets is uncertain. Under the Act, taxpayers are able to claim a refund of the AMT credit carryover by December 31, 2021. Accordingly, the recognized deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2018 is the AMT credit carryover that will either be utilized or refunded by December 31, 2021. Income tax expense was comprised of the following components (in thousands): Current - federal Current - state Deferred - federal Deferred - state Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ 82 $ 4,051 $ 1,145 519 (64) — 120 (5,532) — 17 — — $ 537 $ (1,361) $ 1,162 The provision for income taxes on earnings subject to income taxes differs from the statutory federal income tax rate due to the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Federal income tax expense (benefit) at 21% for 2018 and 34% for 2017 and 2016 $ (16,754) $ 20,947 $ State income tax benefit, net of federal income tax impact (Decrease) increase in valuation allowance Enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Foreign income subject to tax at other than federal statutory rate Shared-based compensation Non-deductible expenses and other Research and development credits, net Orphan drug credits, net of federal add back (4,297) 35,731 — 7,106 425 1,599 (5,210) (18,063) 930 (77,181) 17,132 33,674 525 5,779 4,162 (7,329) $ 537 $ (1,361) $ (34,633) (653) 11,252 — 36,803 3,735 698 (1,084) (14,956) 1,162 At December 31, 2018 , our unrecognized tax benefit and uncertain tax positions were $20.0 million . Of this, $0.2 million of this amount would affect the effective tax rate and $19.8 million would affect the effective tax rate only in the event the valuation allowance was removed. Of the unrecognized tax benefits, we do not expect any significant changes to occur in the next 12 months. Interest and/or penalties related to uncertain income tax positions are recognized by us as a component of income tax expense. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , we recognized an immaterial amount of interest and penalties. The following table summarizes the activity related to our unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands): Gross unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of period $ 14,428 $ 12,799 $ Increases in tax positions for prior years Decreases in tax positions for prior years Increases in tax positions for current year 3,083 — 2,517 — (2,518) 4,147 Gross unrecognized tax benefits at end of period $ 20,028 $ 14,428 $ 4,898 5,615 (4,898) 7,184 12,799 Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 F-38 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) At December 31, 2018 , we had federal, California and other state tax net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $61.3 million , $235.0 million and $20.2 million , respectively. The following table shows key expiration dates of the federal and California net operating loss carryforwards (in thousands): Federal California Net Operating Loss 61,259 $ $ 255,281 2019 Expires in: 2021 and beyond 61,259 2028 and beyond — — $ 255,281 — $ — At December 31, 2018 , we had federal and California research and development tax credit carryforwards of approximately $26.5 million and $17.7 million , respectively. The federal research and development tax credits will begin to expire in 2024 unless previously utilized. The California research and development tax credits will carryforward indefinitely until utilized. Additionally, we had Orphan Drug Credit carryforwards of $81.1 million which will begin to expire in 2035 . Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 382, the annual use of the net operating loss carryforwards and research and development tax credits could be limited by any greater than 50% ownership change during any three year testing period. As a result of any such ownership change, portions of our net operating loss carryforwards and research and development tax credits are subject to annual limitations. We completed an updated Section 382 analysis regarding the limitation of the net operating losses and research and development credits as of December 31, 2017. Based upon the analysis, we determined that ownership changes occurred in prior years; however, the annual limitations on net operating loss and research and development tax credit carryforwards will not have a material impact on the future utilization of such carryforwards. The Company’s 2015 and 2016 federal returns were selected for audit by the IRS. The audit is currently in process and no adjustments have been proposed. The Company does not expect any material adjustments as a result of the IRS audit. We do not provide for U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries as it is our intention to utilize those earnings in the foreign operations for an indefinite period of time. At December 31, 2018 and 2017 , there were no undistributed earnings in foreign subsidiaries. We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. Our tax years for 1998 and forward are subject to examination by the U.S. and California tax authorities due to the carryforward of unutilized net operating losses and research and development credits. A Swiss subsidiary, Halozyme Switzerland GmbH, was formed during the fourth quarter of 2016 and obtained a tax ruling from Canton of Basel Stadt for its operations in Switzerland. The tax ruling is dated December 21, 2016, and will continue for a period of ten years, not to extend beyond December 31, 2026. The combined income tax burden at the federal, cantonal and communal level will not exceed 10% during the period covered by the ruling. As a result of foreign losses and a full valuation allowance, no net tax benefit was derived for the year ended December 31, 2018 as a result of the tax ruling. 11. Employee Savings Plan We have an employee savings plan pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. All employees are eligible to participate, provided they meet the requirements of the plan. We are not required to make matching contributions under the plan. However, we voluntarily contributed to the plan approximately $1.3 million , $1.2 million and $1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. F-39 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) 12. Summary of Unaudited Quarterly Financial Information The following is a summary of our unaudited quarterly results for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): 2018 (Unaudited): Total revenues (1) Gross profit on product sales Total operating expenses Net loss Net loss per share: Basic Diluted Shares used in computing net loss per share: Basic Diluted 2017 (Unaudited): Total revenues (2) (3) Gross profit on product sales Total operating expenses Net (loss) income Net (loss) income per share: Basic Diluted Shares used in computing net (loss) income per share: Basic Diluted _______________ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, Quarter Ended 30,872 $ 3,749 $ 54,584 $ 35,202 $ 3,647 $ 55,275 $ 25,556 $ 5,643 $ 51,030 $ (27,461) $ (22,893) $ (27,850) $ (0.19) $ (0.19) $ (0.16) $ (0.16) $ (0.19) $ (0.19) $ 60,232 5,059 60,303 (2,126) (0.01) (0.01) 142,656 142,656 143,568 143,568 143,949 143,949 144,203 144,203 Quarter Ended March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, 29,568 $ 3,890 $ 57,094 $ 33,750 $ 4,992 $ 59,228 $ (32,897) $ (30,763) $ 63,731 $ 5,257 $ 55,654 $ 2,749 $ (0.26) $ (0.26) $ (0.23) $ (0.23) $ 0.02 $ 0.02 $ 189,564 5,105 63,635 123,882 0.87 0.85 128,615 128,615 134,013 134,013 141,190 143,236 141,718 145,633 (1) Revenues for the quarter ended December 31, 2018 included $30.0 million in revenue under a collaborative arrangement from Roche. (2) Revenues for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 included $101.4 million , $40.0 million and $15.0 million in revenue under collaborative arrangements from BMS, Alexion and Janssen, respectively. (3) Revenues for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 included $30.0 million in revenue under collaborative arrangements from Roche. F-40 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) 13. Subsequent Events In February 2019, we entered into an agreement with argenx for the right to develop and commercialize one exclusive target, the human neonatal Fc receptor FcRn, which includes argenx's lead asset efgartigimod (ARGX-113), and an option to select two additional targets using our ENHANZE technology for an upfront payment of $30.0 million . We will receive payments of $10.0 million per target for future target nominations and potential milestone payments of up to $160.0 million per target, subject to the achievement of specific development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. We will receive mid-single digit royalties on sales of commercialized products. F-41 Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (in thousands) For the year ended December 31, 2018 Accounts receivable allowances (1) For the year ended December 31, 2017 Accounts receivable allowances (1) For the year ended December 31, 2016 Accounts receivable allowances (1) _______________ Balance at Beginning of Period Additions Deductions Balance at End of Period $ $ $ 559 $ 5,988 $ (5,955) $ 559 $ 4,645 $ (4,645) $ 967 $ 4,795 $ (5,203) $ 592 559 559 (1) Allowances are for chargebacks, prompt payment discounts and distribution fees related to Hylenex recombinant product sales. F-42 SUBSIDIARIES OF HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. Name of Subsidiary Halozyme, Inc. Halozyme Holdings Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH Halozyme Royalty LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Halozyme, Inc. Halozyme Switzerland GmbH, a wholly owned subsidiary of Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH, a wholly owned subsidiary of Halozyme, Inc. State or Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization California Bermuda Delaware Switzerland Switzerland EXHIBIT 21.1 Percent Owned 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm EXHIBIT 23.1 We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements: (1) Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-216315) of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., (2) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-119969) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2004 Stock Plan and Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement with Andrew Kim and Assumed Options Under the Deliatroph Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated 2001 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., (3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-133829) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2005 Outside Directors’ Stock Plan and Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2006 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., (4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-152914) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2008 Outside Directors’ Stock Plan and Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2008 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., (5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-174013) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. 2011 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., (6) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-188997) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.; (7) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-206279) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., (8) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-211244) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., and (9) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-224843) pertaining to the Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 Stock Plan of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. of our reports dated February 21, 2019 , with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2018 . San Diego, California February 21, 2019 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP EXHIBIT 31.1 I, Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P., Chief Executive Officer of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. certify that: CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 1. 2. 3. 4. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.; Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have: a) b) c) d) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) b) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Dated: February 21, 2019 /s/ Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P President and Chief Executive Officer EXHIBIT 31.2 I, Laurie D. Stelzer, Chief Financial Officer of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. certify that: CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 1. 2. 3. 4. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.; Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have: a) b) c) d) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) b) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Dated: February 21, 2019 /s/ Laurie D. Stelzer Laurie D. Stelzer Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 EXHIBIT 32 In connection with the Annual Report of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Registrant”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 , as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P., Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant. Dated: February 21, 2019 /s/ Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. President and Chief Executive Officer In connection with the Annual Report of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Registrant”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 , as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Laurie D. Stelzer, Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant. Dated: February 21, 2019 /s/ Laurie D. Stelzer Laurie D. Stelzer Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 

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