HC2 Holdings Inc Annual Report 2015

Plain-text annual report

Table of ContentsUNITED STATESSECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSIONWASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 ____________________________________________________FORM 10-K ____________________________________________________xANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015OR☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.Commission File No. 001-35210____________________________________________________HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)____________________________________________________ Delaware 54-1708481(State or other jurisdiction ofincorporation or organization) (I.R.S. EmployerIdentification No.)505 Huntmar Park Drive, Suite 325, Herndon, VA 20170(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)(703) 865-0700(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)____________________________________________________Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registeredCommon Stock, par value $0.001 per share NYSE MKT LLCSecurities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:N/A____________________________________________________Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No xIndicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No xIndicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted andposted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit andpost such files). Yes x No ☐Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrants’knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “largeaccelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):Large accelerated filer ☐Accelerated filerxNon-accelerated filer ☐Smaller reporting company ☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ýThe aggregate fair market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2015 was approximately $229,029,211, based on the closing saleprice of the Common Stock on such date. All executive officers and directors of the registrant and all persons filing a Schedule 13D with the Securities and Exchange Commission inrespect of the registrant’s common stock as of such date have been deemed, solely for the purpose of the foregoing calculation, to be “affiliates” of the registrant.As of February 29, 2016, 35,251,879 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001, were outstanding.Documents Incorporated by Reference:Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement to be delivered to stockholders in connection with the registrant's 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by referenceinto Part III.HC2 HOLDING, INC.TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I Item 1.Business1Item 1A.Risk Factors20Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments51Item 2.Properties51Item 3.Legal Proceedings51Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures53 Part II Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities54Item 6.Selected Financial Data55Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations57Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk89Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data90Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure91Item 9A.Controls and Procedures91Item 9B.Other Information92 Part III Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance93Item 11.Executive Compensation95Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters95Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence96Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services96 Part IV Item 15,Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules97Table of ContentsPART IITEM 1. BUSINESSUnless the context otherwise requires, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “HC2,” means HC2 Holdings, Inc. and the “Company,” “we” and “our”mean HC2 together with its consolidated subsidiaries.GeneralWe are a diversified holding company that seeks opportunities to acquire and grow businesses that can generate long-term sustainable free cash flow andattractive returns in order to maximize value for all stakeholders. As of December 31, 2015, our seven reportable operating segments based on management’sorganization of the enterprise included Manufacturing, Marine Services, Insurance, Telecommunications, Utilities, Life Sciences and Other, which includesoperations that do not meet the separately reportable segment thresholds.Our principal operating subsidiaries include the following assets:(i)Schuff International, Inc. (Manufacturing), a leading structural steel fabricator and erector in the United States;(ii)Global Marine Systems Limited (Marine Services), a leading provider of engineering and underwater services on submarine cables;(iii)Continental Insurance Inc. (Insurance), a platform for our run-off long-term care business, through its two insurance companies, United TeacherAssociates Insurance Company ("UTA") and Continental General Insurance Company ("CGI", and together with UTA, the "InsuranceCompanies");(iv)PTGi-International Carrier Services ("PTGi-ICS") (Telecommunications), a provider of internet-based protocol and time-division multiplexingaccess and transport of long distance voice minutes;(v)American Natural Gas (Utilities), a compressed natural gas fueling company; and(vi)Pansend Life Sciences, Ltd. (Life Sciences), our subsidiary focused on supporting healthcare and biotechnology product development.We expect to continue to focus on acquiring and investing in businesses with attractive assets that we consider to be undervalued or fairly valued andgrowing our acquired businesses.The Company has made other investments in start-up companies that operate in the technology and interactive gaming industries.Overall Business StrategyWe evaluate strategic and business alternatives, which may include the following: acquiring assets or businesses unrelated to our current or historicaloperations, operating, growing or acquiring additional assets or businesses related to our current or historical operations, or winding down or selling ourexisting operations. We generally pursue either controlling positions in durable, cash-flow generating businesses or companies we believe exhibit substantialgrowth potential. We may choose to actively assemble or re-assemble a company’s management team to ensure the appropriate expertise is in place toexecute the operating objectives of such business. We view ourselves as strategic and financial partners and seek to align our management teams’ incentiveswith our goal of delivering sustainable long-term value to our shareholders.As part of any acquisition strategy, we may raise capital in the form of debt or equity securities (including preferred stock) or a combination thereof. Wehave broad discretion in selecting a business strategy for the Company. If we elect to pursue an acquisition, we have broad discretion in identifying andselecting both the industries and the possible acquisition or business combination opportunities. We have not identified a specific industry to focus on andthere can be no assurance that we will, or we will be able to, identify or successfully complete any such transactions. In connection with evaluating thesestrategic and business alternatives, we may at any time be engaged in ongoing discussions with respect to possible acquisitions, business combinations anddebt or equity securities offerings of widely varying sizes. There can be no assurance that any of these discussions will result in a definitive agreement and ifthey do, what the terms or timing of any agreement would be. While we search for additional acquisition opportunities, we manage a portion of our availablecash and acquire interests in possible acquisition targets through our wholly-owned subsidiary, HC2 Investment Securities, Inc., a Delaware corporation.Competition1Table of ContentsHC2 could encounter competition for acquisition and business opportunities from other entities having similar business objectives, such as strategicinvestors and private equity firms, which could lead to higher prices for acquisition targets. Many of these entities are well established and have extensiveexperience identifying and executing transactions directly or through affiliates. Our financial resources and human resources may be relatively limited whencontrasted with many of these competitors which may place us at a competitive disadvantage. Finally, managing rapid growth could create higher corporateexpenses, as compared to many of our competitors who may be at a different stage of growth.EmployeesAs of December 31, 2015, we had approximately 1,970 employees. We consider our relations with our employees to be satisfactory.Our Operating SubsidiariesManufacturing Segment (Schuff)Schuff is a fully integrated fabricator and erector of structural steel and heavy steel plate. Schuff fabricates and erects structural steel for commercial andindustrial construction projects such as high- and low-rise buildings and office complexes, hotels and casinos, convention centers, sports arenas, shoppingmalls, hospitals, dams, bridges, mines and power plants. Schuff also fabricates trusses and girders and specializes in the fabrication and erection of large-diameter water pipe, water storage tanks, pollution control scrubbers, tunnel liners, pressure vessels, strainers, filters, separators and a variety of customizedproducts. Schuff’s operations make up our Manufacturing segment.Schuff’s results of operations are affected primarily by (i) the level of commercial and industrial construction in its principal markets; (ii) its ability towin project contracts; (iii) the number and complexity of project changes requested by customers or general contractors; (iv) its success in utilizing itsresources at or near full capacity; and (v) its ability to complete contracts on a timely and cost-effective basis. The level of commercial and industrialconstruction activity is related to several factors, including local, regional and national economic conditions, interest rates, availability of financing, and thesupply of existing facilities relative to demand. StrategySchuff’s objective is to achieve and maintain a leading position in the geographic regions and project segments that it serves by providing timely, high-quality services to its customers. Schuff is pursuing this objective with a strategy comprised of the following components:•Pursue Large, Value-Added Design-Build Projects. Schuff’s unique ability to offer design-build services, a full range of steel construction servicesand project management capabilities makes it a preferred partner for complex, design-build fabrication projects in the geographic regions it serves.This capability often enables Schuff to bid against fewer competitors in a less traditional, more negotiated selection process on these projects,thereby offering the potential for higher margins while providing overall cost savings and project flexibility and efficiencies to its customers;•Expand and Diversify Revenue Base. Schuff is seeking to expand and diversify its revenue base by leveraging its long-term relationships withnational and multi-national construction and engineering firms, national and regional accounts and other customers. Schuff also intends tocontinue to grow its operations by targeting smaller projects that carry higher margins and less risk of large margin fluctuations. Schuff believesthat continuing to diversify its revenue base by completing smaller projects-such as low-rise office buildings, healthcare facilities and othercommercial and industrial structures-could reduce the impact of periodic adverse market or economic conditions as well as potential marginslippage that may accompany larger projects;•Emphasize Innovative Services. Schuff focuses its design-build, engineering, detailing, fabrication and erection expertise on larger, more complexprojects, where it typically experiences less competition and more advantageous negotiated contract opportunities. Schuff has extensiveexperience in providing services requiring complex fabrication and erection techniques and other unusual project needs, such as specializedtransportation, steel treatment or specialty coating applications. These service capabilities have enabled Schuff to address such design-sensitiveprojects as stadiums and uniquely designed hotels and casinos; and•Diversify Customer and Product Base. Although Schuff seeks to garner a leading share of the geographic and product markets in which itcompetes, it also seeks to diversify its construction projects across a wide range of commercial, industrial, and specialty projects, includingprojects related to the oil & gas and alternative energy industries.2Table of ContentsServices and/or Products and CustomersSchuff operates primarily within the over $600 billion non-residential construction industry, which serves a diverse set of end markets. As shown on thechart below, while non-residential construction has shown only a small rebound since 2011, industry experts expect that it will follow the already significantrebound in residential construction spending. Despite only a modest increase in non-residential construction spending, Schuff’s backlog has alreadyrebounded to pre-economic crisis levels.Historical U.S. Total Construction SpendSchuff consists of three business units spread across diverse steel markets: Schuff Steel Company (steel fabrication and erection), Schuff SteelManagement Company (management of smaller projects, leveraging subcontractors) and the Aitken product line ("Aitken") (manufacturing of equipment forthe oil & gas industry). For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, Schuff Steel’s revenues of $470 million account for 92% of Schuff’s total revenue.Schuff Steel Management Company’s revenues of $26 million account for 5% of Schuff’s total revenue. Aitken's revenues of $6 million account for 1% ofSchuff’s total revenue. Schuff also provides fabricated steel to Canada and other select countries, including Panama, where Schuff owns 49% of Panama-based Schuff Hopsa Engineering, Inc., an engineering design, steel fabrication and erection company, Empresas Hopsa, S.A. Schuff Hopsa Engineering, Inc.’srevenues of $12 million account for 2% of Schuff’s total revenue. In 2015, Schuff's single largest customer represented approximately 23% of revenues.Schuff’s size gives it production capacity to complete large-scale, demanding projects, with typical utilization per facility ranging from 50%-70% and asales pipeline that includes over $455 million in potential revenue generation. Schuff has benefited from being one of the largest players in a market that ishighly fragmented across many small firms. Schuff outperformed many of its competitors in the recent downturn due to its strong financial position andcontinued access to bonding facilities, whereas many competitors were forced to close their doors.Schuff ensures a highly efficient and cost-effective construction process by focusing on collaborating with all project participants and utilizing itsextensive design-build and design-assist capabilities with its clients. Additionally, Schuff enjoys in-house fabrication and erection combined with access to anetwork of subcontractors for smaller projects in order to provide high quality solutions for its customers. Schuff offers a range of services across a broadgeography through its 9 fabrication shops and 9 sales and management facilities located in the United States and Panama.Schuff operates with minimal bonding requirements, with the current balance of less than 11% of Schuff's backlog as of December 31, 2015, and bondingis reduced as projects are billed, rather than upon completion. Schuff has limited raw material cost exposure by securing fixed prices from mills at contractbid, and utilizing its purchasing power as the largest domestic buyer of wide flange beam in the United States.ProductsSchuff Steel offers a variety of services to its customers which it believes enhances our ability to obtain and successfully complete projects. Theseservices fall into six distinct groups: design-assist/design-build, pre-construction design & budgeting, steel management, fabrication, erection, and BuildingInformation Modeling (“BIM”).3Table of Contents•Design-Assist/Design-Build: Using the latest technology and BIM, Schuff works to provide clients with cost-effective steel designs. The end resultis turnkey structural steel solutions for its diverse client base.•Pre-construction Design & Budgeting: Clients who contact Schuff in the early stages of planning can receive a Schuff-performed analysis of thestructure and cost breakdown. Both of these tools allow clients to accurately plan and budget for any upcoming project.•Steel Management: Using Schuff’s proprietary Schuff Steel Integrated Management System (“SSIMS”), Schuff can track any piece of steel andinstantly know its location. Additionally, Schuff can help clients manage steel subcontracts, providing clients with savings on raw steel purchasesand giving them access to variety of Schuff-approved subcontractors.•Fabrication: Through its nine fabrication shops in California, Arizona, Texas, Kansas and Georgia, Schuff has one of the highest fabricationcapacities in America. Schuff has over 1.1 million square feet of steel under roof and a maximum annual fabrication capacity of approximately300,000 tons. •Erection: Named the nation’s top steel erector in 2007, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015 by Engineering News-Record, Schuff knows how to addvalue to its project through safe and efficient erection of steel structures.•BIM: Schuff is experienced in using BIM on every project to manage its role efficiently. Additionally Schuff’s use of SSIMS in conjunction withBIM allows for real-time reporting of a project’s progress and information-rich model review.Schuff Steel Management Company provides turn-key steel fabrication and erection services with an expertise in project management. Using these skills,Schuff Steel Management Company uses its relationships with reliable subcontractors and erectors, along with state-of-the-art management systems, todeliver excellence to clients.Schuff’s third product line, Aitken, is a manufacturer of equipment used in the oil, gas, petrochemical and pipeline industries. Aitken supplies thefollowing products both nationwide and internationally:•Strainers: Temporary Cone and Basket Strainers, Tee Type Srainers, Vertical and Horizontal Permanent Line Strainers, Fabricated DuplexStrainers•Measurement Equipment: Orifice Meter Tubes, Orifice Plates, Orifice Flanges, Seal Pots, Flow Nozzles, Venturi Tubes, Low Loss Tubes,Straightening Vanes•Major Products: Spectacle Blinds, Paddle Blinds, Drip Rings, Bleed Rings, and Test Inserts, ASME Vessels, Launchers, Pipe SpoolsCustomersSchuff offers its integrated steel construction services primarily to general contractors and engineering firms that specialize in a wide variety of projects,including the following: hotels and casinos, office complexes, hospitals, manufacturing plants, shopping malls and centers, sports stadiums, power plants,restaurants, convention facilities, entertainment complexes, airports, schools, churches and warehouses. In 2015, Schuff's single largest customer representedapproximately 23% of revenues. In 2014, the same customer represented approximately 12% of revenues.SuppliersSchuff currently purchases a majority of its steel from various foreign and domestic steel producers but is not dependent on any one producer.Sales and DistributionsSchuff offers its services primarily to general contractors and engineering firms that focus on a wide array of projects such as airports, malls, power plants,stadiums, shopping malls and centers. Schuff obtains these contracts through competitive bidding or negotiation, which generally are fixed-price, cost-plus,or unit cost arrangements. Bidding and negotiations require Schuff to estimate the costs of the project up front with most projects typically lasting from oneto 12 months. However, large, complex projects can often last two years or more.4Table of ContentsMarketingSales managers lead Schuff’s domestic sales and marketing efforts. Each sales manager is responsible primarily for estimating, sales, and marketing effortsin defined geographic areas. In addition, Schuff employs full-time project estimators and chief estimators. Schuff’s sales representatives maintainrelationships with general contractors, architects, engineers, and other potential sources of business to determine potential new projects under consideration.Schuff generates future project reports to track the weekly progress of new opportunities. Schuff’s sales efforts are further supported by most of its executiveofficers and engineering personnel, who have substantial experience in the design, fabrication, and erection of structural steel and heavy steel plate.Schuff competes for new project opportunities through its relationships and interaction with its active and prospective customer base, which providesvaluable current market information and sales opportunities. In addition, Schuff is contacted by governmental agencies in connection with publicconstruction projects, and by large private-sector project owners, general contractors and engineering firms in connection with new building projects such asplants, warehouse and distribution centers, and other industrial and commercial facilities.Upon selection of projects to bid or price, Schuff’s estimating division reviews and prepares projected costs of shop, field, detail drawing preparation andcrane hours, steel and other raw materials, and other costs. On bid projects, a formal bid is prepared detailing the specific services and materials Schuff plansto provide, payment terms and project completion timelines. Upon acceptance, Schuff’s bid proposal is finalized in a definitive contract.BacklogSchuff’s backlog was $380.8 million ($252.7 million under contracts or purchase orders and $128.1 million under letters of intent) at December 31,2015. Schuff’s backlog increases as contract commitments, letters of intent, notices to proceed and purchase orders are obtained, decreases as revenues arerecognized and increases or decreases to reflect modifications in the work to be performed under the contracts, notices to proceed, letters of intent or purchaseorders. Schuff’s backlog can be significantly affected by the receipt, or loss, of individual contracts. Approximately $167.8 million, representing 44.1% ofSchuff’s backlog at December 31, 2015, was attributable to five contracts, letters of intent, notices to proceed or purchase orders. If one or more of these largecontracts or other commitments are terminated or their scope reduced, Schuff’s backlog could decrease substantially. Schuff's backlog at December 31, 2014was $357.0 million ($305.3 million under contracts or purchase orders and $51.7 million under letters of intent). At December 29, 2013, its backlog was$426.9 million ($370.1 million under contracts or purchase orders and $56.8 million under letters of intent).CompetitionThe principal geographic and product markets Schuff serves are highly competitive, and this intense competition is expected to continue. Schuffcompetes with other contractors for commercial, industrial and specialty projects on a local, regional, or national basis. Continued service within thesemarkets requires substantial resources and capital investment in equipment, technology and skilled personnel, and certain of Schuff’s competitors havefinancial and operating resources greater than Schuff. Competition also places downward pressure on Schuff’s contract prices and margins. Among theprincipal competitive factors within the industry are price, timeliness of completion of projects, quality, reputation, and the desire of customers to utilizespecific contractors with whom they have favorable relationships and prior experience. While Schuff believes that it maintains a competitive advantage withrespect to these factors, failure to continue to do so or to meet other competitive challenges could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results ofoperations, cash flows or financial condition.EmployeesAs of December 31, 2015, Schuff employed approximately 1,500 people across the country. The number of persons Schuff employs on an hourly basisfluctuates directly in relation to the amount of business Schuff performs. Certain of the fabrication and erection personnel Schuff employs are represented bythe United Steelworkers of America and the International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers Union. Schuff is a partyto several separate collective bargaining agreements with these unions in certain of its current operating regions, which expire (if not renewed) at varioustimes in the future. Approximately 31% of Schuff’s employees are covered under various collective bargaining agreements. Most of Schuff’s collectivebargaining agreements are subject to automatic annual or other renewal unless either party elects to terminate the agreement on the scheduled expirationdate. Approximately 9% of Schuff’s employees are covered under a collective bargaining agreement that has expired but is currently being renegotiated.Schuff considers its relationship with its employees to be good and, other than sporadic and unauthorized work stoppages of an immaterial nature, none ofwhich have been related to its own labor relations, Schuff has not experienced a work stoppage or other labor disturbance.5Table of ContentsSchuff strategically utilizes third-party fabrication and erection subcontractors on many of its projects and also subcontracts detailing services from timeto time when economically beneficial and/or Schuff requires additional capacity for such services. Schuff’s inability to engage fabrication, erection anddetailing subcontractors on terms favorable to it could limit its ability to complete projects in a timely manner or compete for new projects and could have amaterial adverse effect on its operations.Legal, Environmental and InsuranceOn July 9, 2015, a putative class action wage and hour lawsuit was filed against Schuff Steel Company ("SSC"), a subsidiary of Schuff, and SchuffInternational (collectively “Schuff”) in the Los Angeles County Superior Court [BC587322], captioned Dylan Leonard, individually and on behalf of othermembers of the general public v. Schuff Steel Company and Schuff International, Inc. The complaint makes generic allegations of numerous violations ofCalifornia wage and hour laws and claims that Schuff failed to pay for overtime; failed to pay for meal and rest breaks; violated the minimum wage; failed totimely pay business expenses, wages and final wages; failed to keep requisite payroll records; and had non-compliant wage statements. On August 11, 2015,another putative class action wage and hour lawsuit was filed against SSC in San Joaquin County Superior Court [39-2015-0032-8373-CU-OE-STK],captioned Pablo Dominguez, on behalf of himself and all other similarly situated v. Schuff Steel Company. The Complaint alleges non-compliant wagestatements and demands penalties pursuant to California Labor Code. On October 11, 2015, an amended complaint was filed in the Dominguez claimpursuing only the statutory claim based on the non-compliant wage statement. By Order dated December 17, 2015, the matters were designated as the SchuffSteel Wage and Hour Cases and assigned a coordination trial judge. No discovery schedule or trial date has been set. The Company believes that theallegations and claims set forth in the Complaints are without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.On December 28, 2015, The Chemours Company Mexico S. de R.L de C.V. (“Chemours”) filed a Demand for Arbitration (the “Demand”) against SSCwith the American Arbitration Association, International Centre for Dispute Resolution, Case No. 01-15-0006-0956. Schuff had a purchase order to providefabricated steel for the Line 2 Expansion of DuPont’s chemical plant in Altamira, Mexico (the “Project”). The Demand seeks recovery of an alleged mistakenpayment of approximately $5,033,000 to SSC and additional damages in excess of $18 million for, among other reasons, alleged delays, failure to expedite,breach of assignment of subcontracting clauses, and backcharges for additional costs and rework of fabricated steel provide for the Project. On January 25,2016, SSC filed an Answer and Counterclaim denying liability alleged by Chemours and seeking to recover the principal sum of approximately $311,000 forunpaid work on the Project as well as an additional sum for damages due to delays, impacts, and other wrongful conduct by Chemours and its agents. NoArbitration schedule or hearing date has been set. The Company believes that the allegations and claims set forth in the Demand are without merit andintends to defend them vigorously and aggressively pursue Chemours for additional monies owed and damages sustained.Schuff is subject to other claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are inherently uncertain, and there canbe no guarantee that the outcome of any such matter will be decided favorably to Schuff or that the resolution of any such matter will not have a materialadverse effect upon Schuff or the Company’s business, consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Neither Schuff nor the Companybelieves that any of such pending claims and legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its business, consolidated financial position, results ofoperations or cash flows.Schuff’s operations and properties are affected by numerous federal, state and local environmental protection laws and regulations, such as thosegoverning discharges to air and water and the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes. Compliance with these laws and regulations has becomeincreasingly stringent, complex and costly. There can be no assurance that such laws and regulations or their interpretation will not change in a manner thatcould materially and adversely affect Schuff’s operations. Certain environmental laws, such as the CERCLA and its state law counterparts, provide for strictand joint and several liability for investigation and remediation of spills and other releases of toxic and hazardous substances. These laws may apply toconditions at properties currently or formerly owned or operated by an entity or its predecessors, as well as to conditions at properties at which wastes or othercontamination attributable to an entity or its predecessors come to be located. Although Schuff has not incurred any material environmental related liabilityin the past and believes that it is in material compliance with environmental laws, there can be no assurance that Schuff, or entities for which it may beresponsible, will not incur such liability in connection with the investigation and remediation of facilities it currently operates (or formerly owned oroperated) or other locations in a manner that could materially and adversely affect its operations.Schuff maintains commercial general liability insurance in the amount of $1.0 million per occurrence and $2.0 million in the aggregate. In addition,Schuff maintains umbrella coverage limits of $25.0 million. Schuff also maintains insurance against property damage caused by fire, flood, explosion andsimilar catastrophic events that may result in physical damage or destruction of its facilities and property. All policies are subject to various deductibles andcoverage limitations. Although Schuff’s management believes that its insurance is adequate for its present needs, there can be no assurance that it will be ableto maintain adequate insurance at premium rates that management considers commercially reasonable, nor can there be any assurance that such coverage willbe adequate to cover all claims that may arise.6Table of ContentsMarine Services Segment (GMSL)GMSL is a global offshore engineering company focused on specialist subsea services across three market sectors, namely telecommunications, oil & gasand offshore power. GMSL’s operations make up our Marine Services segment.Strategy OverviewGMSL is a leading independent operator in the subsea cable installation and maintenance markets. GMSL aims to maintain its leading market positionin the telecommunications maintenance segment and will look for opportunities to grow the installation activities in the three main segments of the marketand installation in the telecommunications sector while capitalizing on high market growth in the offshore power sector through expansion of its installationand maintenance services in that sector. In order to accomplish these goals GMSL has crafted a comprehensive strategy which includes:•Developing opportunities in the offshore power market following the expiration of the Prysmian UK Group Limited ("Prysmian") non-competeagreement in November 2015 (see "Offshore Power" below);•Diversify the business by pursuing growth within GMSL’s three market segments (telecommunications, oil & gas, and offshore power) which webelieve will strengthen GMSL’s quality of earnings and reduce exposure to one particular market segment;•Retain and build its leading position in telecommunications maintenance and installation;•Work to develop convergence of GMSL’s maintenance services across all three market segments; and•Encourage overall consolidation in the wider subsea cables market by pursuing targeted mergers & acquisitions, joint ventures or partnerships,allowing a larger operating platform and benefitting from increased operating efficiencies.GMSL has a highly experienced management team with a proven track record and has demonstrated the ability to enter new markets and generate returnsfor investors. The senior management team has in excess of 70 years combined experience within the telecommunications, oil & gas, and offshore powersegments.GMSL’s three sectors of focus for providing subsea cable services are telecommunications installation and maintenance, oil & gas installation andoffshore power installation.Telecommunications: GMSL provides maintenance and installation to its global telecommunications customers. GMSL has a long, well-establishedreputation in the telecommunications sector and is considered a leading provider of subsea services in the industry. It operates in a mature market and is thelargest independent provider in the maintenance segment. GMSL provides vessels on standby to repair fiber optic telecommunications cables in definedgeographic zones, and its maintenance business is provided through contracts with consortia of up to 60 global telecommunications providers. Typically,GMSL enters into five to seven year contracts to provide maintenance to cable systems that are located in specific geographical areas. These contractsprovide highly stable, predictable and recurring revenue and earnings. Additionally, GMSL provides installation of cable systems including route planning,mapping, route engineering, cable-laying, trenching and burial. GMSL’s installation business is project-based with contracts typically lasting one to fivemonths. Oil & Gas: GMSL provides installation, maintenance and repair of fiber optic communication and power infrastructure to offshore platforms, throughwhich it realizes higher margins due to implementation complexity. Its primary activities include providing power from shore, enabling fiber-basedcommunication between platforms and shore-based systems and installing permanent reservoir monitoring systems which allow customers to monitor subseaseismic data. The majority of GMSL’s oil & gas business is contracted on a project-by-project basis with major energy producers or Tier I engineering,procurement and construction (EPC) contractors.Offshore Power: GMSL’s former subsidiary Global Marine Energy (“GME”) was established in 2011 as the vehicle for GMSL’s significant offshorepower activities, which include installing inter-array power cables for use in offshore wind farms and in the offshore wind market. GME was sold to Prysmianin November 2012 in anticipation of a temporary downturn in the offshore power market and the onerous contracting regime present at the time. As part ofthis sale, GMSL entered into a non-compete agreement regarding offshore power operations with Prysmian but retained certain key personnel and assets toensure that GMSL maintained its core capabilities and experience in the offshore power sector. Following entry into this non-compete agreement, GMSLcontinued to install offshore power cables on behalf of Prysmian with chartered vessels through June 2014. The non-compete agreement expired in November2015. Since November 2015, due to the expiration of the Prysmian non-compete agreement, GMSL has been able to recommence bidding for projects in thehigh-growth, high-margin offshore power market. Given that renewable energy production is predicted to grow over the next decade, with a substantialproportion of that7Table of Contentsenergy to be harvested offshore, GMSL is well positioned to capitalize on this anticipated growth of the offshore alternative energy market in bothconstruction and operations & maintenance, with a strong presence in Northern Europe and Asia, especially China.Services and/or Products and CustomersGMSL is a pioneer in the subsea cable industry having laid the first subsea cable in the 1850s and installed the first transatlantic fiber optic cable (TAT-8) in 1988. Over the last 30 years, GMSL estimates that it has installed approximately 300,000 kilometers of cable, which management believes representsalmost a quarter of all the fiber optic cable on the global seabed today. GMSL is positioned as a global independent market leader in subsea cable installationand maintenance services and derives approximately 50% of its total revenue from long term, recurring maintenance contracts. GMSL has a strong financialposition with a modest level of debt (consisting only of vessel financing), has delivered substantial growth during recent years, generates a substantialamount of cash and serves a diverse mix of global, blue-chip clients with excellent credit profiles. It has started a new phase of growth through applying itscapabilities to the rapidly expanding offshore power sector into which GMSL re-entered in November 2015, as discussed above, while retaining a leadingposition in the telecommunications sector. As a result of this growth, GMSL has major offices in the United Kingdom and Singapore, and has additionalpresence in Bermuda, Canada, China, Indonesia and the Philippines. See Item IA-“Risk Factors-Risks Related to GMSL-GMSL derives a significant amountof its revenues from sales to customers in non-U.S. countries, which pose additional risks including economic, political and other uncertainties” for adescription of risks attendant to such foreign operations. GMSL operates one of the largest specialist cable laying fleets in the world, consisting of sevenvessels (five owned and two operated through long-term leases).Growth OpportunitiesToday, GMSL is positioned as a leading global independent market leader in subsea cable installation and maintenance services. GMSL has a strongfinancial position, has delivered substantial profit growth during recent years, and generates a substantial amount of cash. It has started a new phase of growththrough transferring its capabilities to the rapidly expanding demand in the offshore power sector into which GMSL re-entered in November 2015, asdiscussed above, while retaining its leading position in the telecommunications sector. GMSL believes it has installed more offshore wind inter-array cablesthan any other provider and, following the sale of GME in November 2012, remains well positioned as one of the leading installers of cables in the offshorepower sector. Management believes the offshore wind farm operations and maintenance sub-sector represents a significant opportunity for GMSL and isdeveloping strategies to realize that opportunity. Following the sale of GME, GMSL has remained one of the leading installers of cables in relation to supporting the growth in the offshore power marketand GMSL’s track record in these types of projects includes the following:•Experimental UK farm, Blythe, for Shell•London Array Ltd: inter-array cables for London Array project•RWE: 4 export cables for Gwynt y Mor project•C-Power: inter-array cables for Thornton Bank project (Belgium)•Dong Energy: Inter-array cables for Horns Rev project, Denmark (three phases)•Vattenfall: 3 export cables for Kentish Flats project•EON/Shell: power and fiber optic cables for Blythe project•GT1: largest German wind farm to dateFleet OverviewGMSL operates one of the largest, specialist cable laying fleets consisting of 7 vessels (5 owned, 2 operated through long-term leases). The average ageof GMSL’s owned and operated fleet is 22 years, which is approximately the same as the industry average. Each vessel is equipped with specialist inspection,burial, and survey equipment. By providing oil & gas, offshore power, and telecommunications installation as well as telecommunications maintenance,GMSL can retain vessels throughout their asset lives by cascading them through different uses as they age. This provides a significant competitive advantageas GMSL can retain vessels for longer and reduce the frequency of capital expenditure requirements with a longer amortization period. GMSL’s fleet isoperated by GMSL employees or long-term contractors.8Table of ContentsFleet DetailsVessels Ownership Lease Expiry Joined Fleet Age Flag Base Port Maintenance - GMSL Wave Venture GMSL N/A Purchased -1999 32 UK Victoria, CanadaPacific Guardian GMSL N/A New Build -1984 31 UK CuracaoWave Sentinel GMSL N/A Purchased - 1999 19 UK Portland, UKCable Retriever ICPL Jan-23New Build - 199717 Singapore Batangas, Philippines Installation – GMSL Sovereign GMSL N/ANew Build - 199123 UK Portland, UKInnovator DYVI Cableship AS May-25New Build - 199519 UK Portland, UKNetworker GMSL N/ANew Build - 199915 Panama Batam, Indonesia SBSS Joint Venture Vessels (49% share) Installation CS Fu Hai SBSS N/A Purchased - 2003 15 Panama Shanghai, ChinaBold Maverick SBSS N/A Purchased - 2012 14 Panama Shanghai, ChinaCS Fu An SBSS N/A Purchased - 2000 33 Panama Shanghai, ChinaProduct Research & DevelopmentDrawing on its long experience in the subsea cable market, over the years GMSL has provided many important innovations to the subsea cable market.One such innovation was GEOCABLE, GMSL’s proprietary Geographical Information System (GIS), which GMSL believes to be the largest cable database inthe market and was developed specifically to meet the needs of the cable industry. GEOCABLE is an important tool to any vendor planning subsea cableinstallation and GMSL sells data from GEOCABLE to third-party customers.In addition to GEOCABLE, GMSL also developed and owns intellectual property associated with the Universal Joint in a consortium with other industryparticipants, a product which easily and effectively links together cables from different manufacturers. The Universal Joint has gained such prevalence in theindustry that new fiber optic cables may be certified to meet the specifications of the Universal Joint, which is a service provided by GMSL among others, sothat the subsea cable manufacturer can ensure compatibility of its subsea cable with other existing subsea cables and the standardized equipment on boardcable repair vessels. GMSL benefits from its sales of the Universal Joint, and proceeds from GMSL sponsored training of jointing skills, but GMSL alsoenjoys the industry leadership and brand enhancement that come with creation of an industry leading product.Intellectual PropertyGMSL is looking to protect its interests in intellectual property and closely monitors industry changes, including with respect to GEOCABLE andUniversal Joint.CustomersGMSL’s customer base is made up primarily of blue-chip companies. Within the two kinds of services provided by GMSL, maintenance and repair andinstallation, contract length varies. Maintenance and repair contracts tend to be long-term upon inception (5-7 years), with a relatively high level of expectedrenewal rates and the customer is typically a consortium of different cable owners such as national, regional and international telecommunication companiesand others who have an ownership interest in the subsea cables covered by the maintenance contract. GMSL charges a standing fee for cost of vessels in portplus margin, paid in advance proportionally by each member, and an additional daily call out fee for repairs paid by the specific cable owner(s). All fourmaintenance vessels are engaged on GMSL’s three current long term telecommunications maintenance contracts with ACMA, SEAIOCMA, and NAZ.Installation contracts tend to be much shorter term (30-150 days) and the counterparty tends to be a single9Table of Contentsclient. Contracts are typically bid for on a fixed-sum basis with an initial upfront payment plus subsequent installments providing working capital support.Due to the added complexity of cable installation as opposed to maintenance, GMSL generally realizes higher margins on its installation contracts in the oil& gas and offshore power sectors. In 2015, GMSL experienced lower margins on its installation contracts as a result of competitive pressures supporting theaggressive market share expansion of GMSL’s most significant customer and the operations of GMSL's joint venture with Huawei Marine Networks, aturnkey installer of fiber optic cable and telecommunications systems.Sales and DistributionsIn the telecommunications cable market, cable maintenance is most often accomplished by zone maintenance contracts in which a consortium oftelecommunications operators or cable owners contract with a maintenance provider like GMSL, over a long-term period of approximately five to sevenyears. GMSL has three cable maintenance agreements and these are a steady, high-quality source of income for GMSL. These maintenance contracts areusually re-awarded to incumbent providers unless there are significant performance issues which ultimately may mean that GMSL likely need not expendextra capital on retaining these contracts. GMSL constantly has a focused sales plan to build relationships with current and potential customers at regionaland corporate offices and readily leverages Huawei Technologies’ large sales organization. MarketingIn the oil & gas sector, GMSL has a focused sales and marketing plan to create relationships with major players in the oil & gas industries. In particularand despite the prevailing low oil price market conditions, GMSL hopes to use its expertise in installing PRM systems to forge new contacts with both theend users of PRM services, such as oil majors, and the PRM suppliers themselves. Additionally GMSL hopes to pursue a strategy of specialization ininstalling the small power and fiber optic cables that its competitors in the oil & gas and offshore power sectors find unprofitable and lack installationexperience in.In order to aid these plans for expansion, GMSL plans on increasing its fleet of maintenance and installation vessels anywhere from one to three vesselsover the next several years. In particular, GMSL purchased a remotely operated vehicle (“ROV”) in 2015. Furthermore, it intends to acquire an installationvessel in 2016, to replace one of its older maintenance vessels in 2016, and purchase both a new hard-ground trencher machine in 2017 as well as a new buildvessel in 2018, as funded 75/25 through vessel-financing.CompetitionGMSL is one of the few companies that provide subsea cable installation and maintenance services on a worldwide basis. GMSL competes for contractswith companies that have worldwide operations, as well as numerous others operating locally in various areas. There are a number of players, mainly Asianbased, who focus primarily on their countries of origin. Competition for GMSL’s services historically has been based on vessel availability, location of orability to deploy these vessels and associated subsea equipment, quality of service and price. The relative importance of these factors can vary depending onthe customer or specific project and also over time based on the prevailing market conditions. The ability to develop, train and retain skilled engineeringpersonnel is also an important competitive factor in GMSL’s markets.GMSL believes that its ability to provide a wide range of subsea cable installation and maintenance services in the telecommunications, oil & gas andoffshore power sectors on a worldwide basis enables it to compete effectively in the industry in which it operates. However, in some cases involving projectsthat require less sophisticated vessel and subsea equipment, smaller companies may be able to bid for contracts at prices uneconomical to GMSL. In addition,GMSL’s competitors generally have the capability to move their vessels to where GMSL operates from other locations with relative ease, which may impactcompetition in the markets it serves.Management and EmployeesAs of December 31, 2015, GMSL employed 316 people. GMSL’s employees are not formally represented by any labor union or other trade organizationalthough the majority of the seafarers are members of an established trade union. GMSL considers relations with its employees to be satisfactory and it hasnever experienced a work stoppage or strike. GMSL regularly uses independent consultants and contractors to perform various professional services indifferent areas of the business, including in its installation and fleet operations and in certain administrative functions. Dick Fagerstal is a 3% interest holder,chairman and chief executive officer of Global Marine Holdings LLC, the parent holding company of Bridgehouse Marine Limited, and he is executivechairman of Global Marine Systems Limited. Mr. Fagerstal has served in an executive capacity for companies operating in various industries includingenergy, marine services, and their related infrastructure.10Table of ContentsLegal, Environmental and InsuranceGMSL is from time to time subject to claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are inherently uncertain,and there can be no guarantee that the outcome of any such matter will be decided favorably to GMSL or that the resolution of any such matter will not havea material adverse effect upon GMSL’s business, consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. GMSL does not believe that any of suchpending claims and legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its business, consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. GMSL has various kinds of insurance coverage including protection and indemnity, hull and machinery, war risk, and property insurances, directors andofficers liability insurance, contract warranty insurance for the maintenance contracts, and all other necessary corporate insurances. GMSL’s liability iscapped and insured under each of its installation contracts.Insurance Segment (Continental Insurance, Inc.)On December 24, 2015, we completed the acquisitions of Insurance Companies for aggregate consideration of approximately $18.6 million, subject topost-closing adjustments. The operations of the acquired companies were consolidated into our insurance operating segment, CIG.StrategyCIG currently provides long-term care, life and annuity coverage to approximately 99,000 individuals through its two Insurance Companies. Thebenefits provided by CIG's insurance operations help protect policy and certificate holders from the financial hardships associated with illness, injury, loss oflife, or income discontinuation. In conjunction with the purchase of the Insurance Companies on December 24, 2015, an Administrative Services Agreementwas entered into under which Great American Life Insurance Company ("GALIC") has agreed to continue to administer the Insurance Companies' life andannuity businesses.Employees and Operations.CIG has a concentrated focus on long-term care insurance and is committed to the continued delivery of the best-practices services established by ourinsurance operations to its policy and certificate holders. Through investments in technology, a commitment to attracting, developing and retaining best-in-class insurance professionals, a dedication to continuing process improvements, and a focus on strategic growth, we believe CIG will be well equipped tomaintain and improve the level of service provided to its customers and assume a leading role in the long-term care industry.CIG’s plan is to leverage its existing platform and industry expertise to identify strategic growth opportunities for managing closed blocks of long-termcare business. Growth opportunities are expected to come from:•future acquisitions of long-term care businesses and/or closed blocks of long-term care policies;•reinsurance arrangements; and•third party administration arrangements.ProductsLong Term Care InsuranceCIG's long-term care insurance products pay a benefit which is either a specified daily indemnity amount or reimbursement of actual charges up to adaily maximum for long-term care services provided in the insured’s home or in assisted living or nursing facilities. Benefits begin after a waiting period,usually 90 days or less, and are generally paid for a period of three years, six years, or lifetime.Substantially all of the in-force long-term care insurance policies were sold after 1995 with all sales then being discontinued in January of 2010. Policieswere issued in all states except for New York with Texas being the largest issue state with over 20% of the business. The existing block of policies includeboth individual and group products, but all individuals were individually underwritten. CIG's long-term care insurance products were sold on a guaranteedrenewable basis which allows us to re-price in-force policies, subject to regulatory approval. As part of CIG's strategy for its long-term care insurance business,management has been implementing, and expects to continue to pursue, significant premium rate increases on its blocks of business as actuarially justified.Premium rates vary by age and are based on assumptions concerning morbidity, mortality, persistency, administrative11Table of Contentsexpenses, and investment yields. CIG develops its assumptions based on its own claims and persistency experience and published industry tables.Life Insurance and AnnuitiesCIG's life insurance products include Traditional, Term, Universal, and Interest Sensitive Life Insurance. Its annuity products include Flexible and SinglePremium Deferred Annuities. CIG's life insurance business provides a personal financial safety net for individuals and their families. These products provideprotection against financial hardship after the death of an insured. Some of these products also offer a savings element that can help accumulate funds to meetfuture financial needs. Annuities are long-term retirement saving instruments that benefit from income accruing on a tax-deferred basis. The issuer of theannuity collects premiums, credits interest or earnings on the policy and pays out a benefit upon death, surrender or annuitization. All life insurance andannuity products are closed to new business. The life insurance products were issued with both full and simplified underwriting.CustomersCIG's long-term care insurance policies were marketed and sold to individuals between 1986 and 2010 for the purpose of providing defined levels ofprotection against the significant and escalating costs of long-term care services provided in the insured’s home or in assisted living or nursing facilities.Though CIG no longer actively markets new long-term care insurance products, it continues to service and receive net renewal premiums ($73.9 million in2015, $74.0 million in 2014 and $76.8 million in 2013) on our in-force block of approximately 56,000 lives. Similarly, CIG continues to service and receivenet renewal premiums ($13.1 million in 2015, $14.0 million in 2014 and $16.2 million in 2013) on its in-force block of approximately 43,000 life andannuity policies representing $326.1 million of net life face amount and $217.4 million of net annuity cash value at December 31, 2015.Employees and OperationsAs of December 31, 2015, CIG employed 77 people full-time, the majority of whom are employed on a salaried basis but some are on an hourly basis.Except for 2 remote employees working in California and Indiana, all other employees work out of the home office in Austin, TX. CIG considers its relationswith its employees to be good and has never experienced a work stoppage or other labor disturbance. All operating centers maintain a cost effective andefficient operating model.Upon the purchase of UTA and CGI on December 24, 2015 a Transition Services Agreement was entered into with the prior owner, Great AmericanFinancial Resources ("Great American") in Cincinnati, OH, pursuant to which Great American agreed to continue to perform certain business functions suchas IT, Finance, Investment, and Accounting for a period of 12 to 16 months to allow us time to secure the resources needed to take over those duties.Simultaneously, an Administrative Services Agreement was also entered into with Great American pursuant to which GALIC agreed to continue to administerthe companies' life and annuity businesses for a period of no less than 5 years.ReinsuranceCIG reinsures a significant portion of its insurance business with unaffiliated reinsurers. In a reinsurance transaction, a reinsurer agrees to indemnifyanother insurer for part or all of its liability under a policy or policies it has issued for an agreed upon premium. CIG participates in reinsurance activities inorder to minimize exposure to significant risks, limit losses, and provide additional capacity for future growth. CIG also obtains reinsurance to meet certaincapital requirements.Under the terms of the reinsurance agreements, the reinsurer agrees to reimburse CIG for the ceded amount in the event a claim is paid. Cessions underreinsurance agreements do not discharge CIG's obligations as the primary insurer. In the event that reinsurers do not meet their obligations under the terms ofthe reinsurance agreements, reinsurance recoverable balances could become uncollectible. CIG's amounts recoverable from reinsurers represent receivablesfrom and/or reserves ceded to reinsurers. As of December 31, 2015, $294.1 million of total CIG long-term care insurance reserves and liabilities and $90.3million of life and annuity reserves and liabilities were reinsured.Reserves for Policy Contracts and BenefitsThe applicable insurance laws under which insurance companies operate require that they report, as liabilities, policy reserves to meet future obligationson their outstanding policies. These reserves are the amounts which, with the additional premiums to be received and interest thereon compounded annuallyat certain assumed rates, are calculated to be sufficient to meet the various policy and contract obligations as they mature. These laws specify that the reservesshall not be less than reserves calculated using certain specified mortality and morbidity tables, interest rates, and methods of valuation required for statutoryaccounting.12Table of ContentsCIG calculates reserves in conformity with GAAP which differ from those specified by the laws of the various states and reported in the statutoryfinancial statements. These differences result from the use of mortality and morbidity tables and interest assumptions which CIG believes are morerepresentative of the expected experience for these policies than those required for statutory accounting purposes and also result from differences in actuarialreserving methods.The assumptions CIG uses to calculate its reserves are intended to represent an estimate of experience for the period that policy benefits are payable. Ifactual experience is not less favorable than our reserve assumptions, then reserves should be adequate to provide for future benefits and expenses. Ifexperience is less favorable than the reserve assumptions, additional reserves may be required. The key experience assumptions include claim incidence rates,claim resolution rates, mortality and morbidity rates, policy persistency, interest rates, crediting spreads, and premium rate increases. CIG periodically reviewsits experience and updates its policy reserves and reserves for all claims incurred, as it believes appropriate.The statements of income include the annual change in reserves for future policy and contract benefits. The change reflects a normal accretion forpremium payments and interest buildup and decreases for policy terminations such as lapses, deaths, and benefit payments. If policy reserves using bestestimate assumptions as of the date of a test for loss recognition are higher than existing policy reserves net of any deferred acquisition costs, the increase inreserves necessary to recognize the deficiency is also included in the change in reserves for future policy and contract benefits.For further discussion of reserves, refer to "Risk Factors" contained herein in Item 1A, "Critical Accounting Estimates" and the discussion of segmentoperating results included in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" contained herein in Item 7, andNotes 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and 13. Life, Accident and Health Reserves of the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements"contained herein in Item 8.InvestmentsCIG manages its cash and invested assets using an approach that is intended to balance quality, diversification, asset/liability matching, liquidity needsand investment return. The goals of the investment process are to optimize after-tax, risk-adjusted investment income and after-tax, risk-adjusted total returnwhile managing the assets and liabilities on a cash flow and duration basis. CIG’s liabilities are primarily supported by investments in investment grade,fixed maturity securities reflected on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.Upon the purchase of UTA and CGI on December 24, 2015 a Transition Services Agreement was entered into with the prior owner, Great AmericanFinancial Resources in Cincinnati, OH, a subsidiary of American Financial Group, under which American Money Management, a subsidiary of AmericanFinancial Group, has agreed to continue to perform investment management services related to UTA and CGI for a period of 12 to 16 months.RegulationThe Company’s insurance company subsidiaries are subject to regulation in the jurisdictions where they do business. In general, the insurance laws ofthe various states establish regulatory agencies with broad administrative powers governing, among other things, premium rates, solvency standards,licensing of insurers, agents and brokers, trade practices, forms of policies, maintenance of specified reserves and capital for the protection of policyholders,deposits of securities for the benefit of policyholders, investment activities and relationships between insurance subsidiaries and their parents and affiliates.Material transactions between insurance subsidiaries and their parents and affiliates generally must receive prior approval of the applicable insuranceregulatory authorities and be disclosed. In addition, while differing from state to state, these regulations typically restrict the maximum amount of dividendsthat may be paid by an insurer to its shareholders in any twelve-month period without advance regulatory approval. Such limitations are generally based onnet earnings or statutory surplus.The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (“Dodd-Frank Act”), among other things, established a Federal InsuranceOffice (“FIO”) within the U.S. Treasury. Under this law, regulations will need to be created for the FIO to carry out its mandate to focus on systemic riskoversight. The FIO gathered information regarding the insurance industry and submitted a report to Congress in December 2013. The report concluded that ahybrid approach to regulation, involving a combination of state and federal government action, could improve the U.S. insurance system by attaininguniformity, efficiency and consistency, particularly with respect to solvency and market conduct regulation. We cannot predict the extent to which thereport’s recommendations might result in changes to the current state-based system of insurance industry regulation or ultimately impact the Company’soperations.Most states have created insurance guaranty associations that assess solvent insurers to pay claims of insurance companies that become insolvent.Annual guaranty assessments for the Company’s insurance companies have not been material.13Table of ContentsTelecommunications Segment (PTGI-International Carrier Services ("PTGi-ICS"))Services and CustomersOur PTGi-ICS business unit provides customers with internet-based protocol and time-division multiplexing (TDM) access and transport of long distancevoice minutes.CompetitionPTGi-ICS competes for the business of other telecommunications carriers and resellers on the basis of price, service quality, financial strength,relationship and presence. Sales of wholesale long distance voice minutes are generated by connecting one telecom operator to another and charging a fee todo so.NetworkGeneral. PTGi-ICS operates a global telecommunications network consisting of international gateway and domestic switching and related peripheralequipment, carrier-grade routers and switches for Internet and circuit based services. To ensure high-quality communications services, PTGi-ICS' networkemploys digital switching and fiber optic technologies, incorporates the use of VOIP protocols, SS7/C7 signaling and is supported by comprehensivenetwork monitoring and technical support services.Switching Systems. PTGi-ICS' network makes use of a carrier-grade international gateway and domestic switch system, Internet routers and mediagateways in the U.S with points of presence throughout the world via third party interconnections.Foreign Carrier Agreements. In selected countries where competition with the traditional Post Telegraph and Telecommunications companies (“PTTs”)is limited, PTGi-ICS has entered into foreign carrier agreements with PTTs or other service providers which permit us to provide traffic into and receive returntraffic from these countries.Network Management and Control. PTGi-ICS owns and operates network management systems in Herndon, Virginia which are used to monitor andcontrol our switching systems, global data network, and other digital transmission equipment used in our network. Additional network monitoring, networkmanagement, and traffic management services are supported from our contingent Network Management Center located in Guatemala City, Guatemala. Thenetwork management control centers operate seven days per week and 24 hours per day.Sales and MarketingPTGi-ICS markets its services through a variety of sales channels, as summarized below:•Trade Shows. PTGi-ICS attends industry trade shows around the globe throughout the year. At each trade show PTGi-ICS markets to both existingand potential new customers through prearranged meetings, social gatherings and networking.•Business Development. A world class sales team globally focuses on developing PTGi-ICS’s business potential through ongoing communicationand face to face meetingsManagement Information and Billing SystemsPTGi-ICS operates management information, network and customer billing systems supporting the functions of network and traffic management,customer service and customer billing. For financial reporting, PTGi-ICS consolidates information from each of our markets into a single database.PTGi-ICS believes that its financial reporting and billing systems are generally adequate to meet its business needs. However, in the future, PTGi-ICSmay determine that it needs to invest additional capital to purchase hardware and software, license more specialized software and increase its capacity.Government RegulationPTGi-ICS is subject to varying degrees of regulation in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. Local laws and regulations, and the interpretation ofsuch laws and regulations, differ among those jurisdictions. There can be no assurance that (1) future regulatory, judicial and legislative changes will nothave a material adverse effect on it; (2) domestic or international regulators14Table of Contentsor third parties will not raise material issues with regard to its compliance or noncompliance with applicable regulations; or (3) regulatory activities will nothave a material adverse effect on it.Regulation of the telecommunications industry continues to change rapidly in many jurisdictions. Privatization, deregulation, changes in regulation,consolidation, and technological change have had, and will continue to have, significant effects on the industry. Although we believe that continuingderegulation with respect to portions of the telecommunications industry will create opportunities for firms such as us, there can be no assurance thatderegulation and changes in regulation will be implemented in a manner that would benefit PTGi-ICS.The regulatory frameworks in certain jurisdictions in which we provide services as of December 31, 2015 are described below:United States. In the United States, PTGi-ICS' services are subject to the provisions of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the“Communications Act”), and other federal laws, the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) regulations, and the applicable laws and regulations ofthe various states. PTGi-ICS' interstate telecommunications services are subject to various specific common carrier telecommunications requirements set forth in theCommunications Act and the FCC’s rules, including operating, reporting and fee requirements. Both federal and state regulatory agencies have broadauthority to impose monetary and other penalties on PTGi-ICS for violations of regulatory requirements.International Service Regulation. The FCC has jurisdiction over common carrier services linking points in the U.S. to points in other countries. PTGi-ICS provides such services. Providers of such international common carrier services must obtain authority from the FCC under Section 214 of theCommunications Act. PTGi-ICS has obtained the authorizations required to use, on a facilities and resale basis, various transmission media for the provisionof international switched services and international private line services on a non-dominant carrier basis. The FCC is considering a number of possiblechanges to its rules governing international common carriers. We cannot predict how the FCC will resolve those issues or how its decisions will affect PTGi-ICS's international business. FCC rules permit non-dominant carriers such as PTGi-ICS to offer some services on a detariffed basis, where competition canprovide consumers with lower rates and choices among carriers and services.On November 29, 2012, the FCC released an order removing the requirement for facilities-based U.S. carriers, like PTGi-ICS, with operating agreementswith dominant foreign carriers, to abide by the FCC’s International Settlements Policy by following uniform accounting rates, an even split in settlementrates, and proportionate return of traffic, for agreements with carriers on all remaining U.S.-international routes with the exception of Cuba, thereby allowingcarriers to negotiate market-based arrangements on those routes. The November 29, 2012 order also adopted a requirement for U.S. carriers to provideinformation about any above-benchmark settlement rates to the FCC on an as-needed basis in connection with an investigation or competition problems onselected routes or review of high consumer rates on either multiple or selected routes. PTGi-ICS may take advantage of these more flexible arrangements withnon-dominant foreign carriers, and the greater pricing flexibility that may result, but PTGi-ICS may also face greater price competition from otherinternational service carriers. On November 9, 2015, the FCC issued a Public Notice indicating that it has begun the process of including Cuba within theliberalized settlements policy established in 2012. We cannot predict the actions the FCC will take in the future or their potential effect on PTGi-ICS'sinternational termination rates, costs, or revenues.Domestic Service Regulation. With respect to PTGi-ICS domestic U.S. telecommunications services, PTGi-ICS is considered a non-dominant interstatecarrier subject to regulation by the FCC. FCC rules provide PTGi-ICS significant authority to initiate or expand its domestic interstate operations, but PTGi-ICS is required to obtain FCC approval to assume control of another telecommunications carrier or its assets, to transfer control of our operations to anotherentity, or to discontinue service. PTGi-ICS is also required to file various reports and pay various fees and assessments to the FCC and various statecommissions. Among other things, interstate common carriers must offer service on a nondiscriminatory basis at just and reasonable rates. The FCC hasjurisdiction to hear complaints regarding our compliance or non-compliance with these and other requirements of the Communications Act and the FCC’srules. Among other regulations, PTGi-ICS is subject to the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (“CALEA”) and associated FCC regulationswhich require telecommunications carriers to configure their networks to facilitate law enforcement authorities to perform electronic surveillance. On November 8, 2013, the FCC released an order related to the completion of calls to rural areas. The order applies recordkeeping, retention andreporting obligations to certain providers of retail long-distance voice service. The rules require those providers to collect and retain information on longdistance call attempts such as, but not limited to, the called number, the date and time of the call, the use of an intermediate provider, etc. The order alsoprohibits false audible ringing (the premature triggering of audible ring tones to the caller before the call setup request has reached the terminating serviceprovider). While PTGi-ICS is not directly subject to these rules, PTGi-ICS may function as an intermediate provider within the meaning of these15Table of Contentsrules, which may require PTGi-ICS to provide information to its customers regarding calls that it carries on their behalf. We do not expect the costs ofproviding that information to be material.Interstate and international telecommunications carriers are required to contribute to the federal Universal Service Fund (“USF”). Carriers providingwholesale telecommunications services are not required to contribute with respect to services sold to customers that provide a written certification that thecustomers themselves will make the required contributions. If the FCC or the Universal Service Fund Administrator were to determine that the USF reportingfor the Company, including PTGi-ICS, is not accurate or in compliance with FCC rules, PTGi-ICS could be subject to additional contributions, as well as tomonetary fines and penalties. In addition, the FCC is considering revising its USF contribution mechanisms and the services considered when calculating thecontribution. PTGi-ICS cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings or their potential effect on our contribution obligations. Some changes to the USFunder consideration by the FCC may affect certain entities more than others, and we may be disadvantaged as compared to our competitors as a result of FCCdecisions regarding USF. In addition, the FCC may extend the obligation to contribute to the USF to certain services that PTGi-ICS offers but that are notcurrently assessed USF contributions. FCC rules require providers that originate interstate or intrastate traffic on or destined for the PSTN to transmit the telephone number associated with thecalling party to the next provider in the call path. Intermediate providers, such as PTGi-ICS, must pass calling party number (“CPN”) or charge number(“CN”) signaling information they receive from other providers unaltered, to subsequent providers in the call path. While PTGi-ICS believes that it is incompliance with this rule, to the extent that it passes traffic that does not have appropriate CPN or CN information, PTGi-ICS could be subject to fines, ceaseand desist orders, or other penalties. Utilities Segment (American Natural Gas)American Natural Gas (“ANG”) is a premier retailer of compressed natural gas (“CNG”) that designs, builds, owns, operates and maintains natural gasfueling stations for the transportation industry. ANG’s principal business is supplying CNG for light-, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles and providingoperation, repair and maintenance services for vehicle fleet customer stations.ANG focuses its efforts on customers in a variety of markets, including heavy-duty trucking, airports, refuse, industrial and institutional energy usersand government fleets. ANG seeks to retain its customers by offering state of the art fueling stations with exemplary service levels.Market for Natural Gas as an Alternative Fuel for VehiclesAs of December 2015, Natural Gas Vehicles for America ("NGV America") estimates that there were approximately 1,640 CNG fueling stations in theUnited States and about 153,000 natural gas vehicles on American roads, including 39,500 heavy-duty vehicles (e.g. tractors, refuse trucks and buses),25,800 medium-duty vehicles (e.g. delivery vans and shuttles) and 87,000 light-duty vehicles (e.g. passenger cars, sport utility vehicles, trucks and vans).ANG believes that natural gas is an attractive alternative to gasoline and diesel for use as a vehicle fuel in the United States as it is plentiful,domestically produced, cleaner and generally cheaper than gasoline or diesel. Historically, oil, gasoline, and diesel prices have been highly volatile, whilenatural gas prices have generally been stable and lower than the cost of oil, gasoline and diesel on an energy equivalent basis. ANG also expectsincreasingly stringent federal, state and local air quality regulations, expanding initiatives by fleet operators to lower greenhouse gas emissions and increasefuel diversity and additional regulations mandating low carbon fuels, all of which supports increased market adoption of natural gas as an alternative togasoline and diesel as a vehicle fuel. ANG believes these factors support current opportunities to market natural gas as a vehicle fuel in the United States.Benefits of Natural Gas FuelDomestic and Plentiful Supply. Technological advances in natural gas drilling and production, including the widespread deployment of horizontaldrilling techniques and the use of hydraulic fracturing, have unlocked vast natural gas reserves. The U.S. is now the number one producer of natural gas inthe world, with proven, abundant and growing reserves of natural gas.Less Expensive. Due to the abundance of natural gas, the cost of natural gas in the U.S. is less than the cost of crude oil, on an energy equivalent basis.Based on projections from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, ANG believes that natural gas used as a transportation fuel will remain cheaper thangasoline and diesel for the foreseeable future. In addition, because the price of the natural gas16Table of Contentscommodity makes up a smaller portion of the cost of a gasoline gallon equivalent (“GGE”) of CNG relative to the commodity portion of the cost of a GGE ofdiesel or gasoline, the price of a GGE of CNG is less sensitive to increases in the underlying commodity cost.Cleaner. Natural gas contains less carbon than any other fossil fuel and thus produces fewer carbon dioxide emissions when burned. The California AirResources Board ("CARB") has concluded that a CNG fueled vehicle emits 20 to 29 percent fewer greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions than a comparablegasoline or diesel fueled vehicle on a well-to-wheel basis. Additionally, a study from Argonne National Laboratory, a research laboratory operated by theUniversity of Chicago for the U.S. Department of Energy, indicates that natural gas vehicles produce at least 13 to 21 percent fewer GHG emissions thancomparable gasoline and diesel fueled vehicles.Safer. As reported by NGV America, CNG is relatively safer than gasoline and diesel because it dissipates into the air when spilled or in the event of avehicle accident. When released, CNG is less combustible than gasoline or diesel as it ignites only at relatively high temperatures. The fuel tanks andsystems used in natural gas vehicles are subjected to a number of federally required safety tests, such as fire, environmental hazard, burst pressures, and crashtesting, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. In addition, CNG is stored in above groundtanks and therefore the risk of soil or groundwater contamination is reduced. Currently, over 153,000 vehicles in the U.S. and 15.2 million worldwide, fuelsafely with natural gas.Natural Gas VehiclesNatural gas vehicles use internal combustion engines similar to those used in gasoline or diesel powered vehicles. A natural gas vehicle uses sealedstorage cylinders to hold CNG, specially designed fuel lines to deliver natural gas to the engine, and an engine tuned to run on natural gas. Natural gas fuelshave higher octane content than gasoline or diesel, and the acceleration and other performance characteristics of natural gas vehicles are similar to those ofgasoline or diesel powered vehicles of the same weight and engine class. Natural gas vehicles running on CNG are refueled using a hose and nozzle thatmakes an airtight seal with the vehicle's gas tank. For heavy-duty vehicles, spark ignited natural gas vehicles have proven to operate more quietly thandiesel powered vehicles. Natural gas vehicles typically cost more than gasoline or diesel powered vehicles, primarily due to the higher cost of the storagesystems that hold the CNG.Virtually any car, truck, bus or other vehicle is capable of being manufactured or modified to run on natural gas. Approximately 50 differentmanufacturers in the U.S. produce 100 models of heavy-, medium- and light-duty natural gas vehicles and engines. These vehicles include long-haultractors, refuse trucks, regional tractors, transit buses, cement trucks, delivery trucks, vocational work trucks, school buses, shuttles, passenger sedans, pickuptrucks and cargo and passenger vans. ANG expects that additional models and types of natural gas vehicles will become available as natural gas becomesmore widely accepted as a vehicle fuel in the U.S.Products and ServicesCNG Sales. ANG sells CNG through fueling stations. CNG fueling station sales are made through stations located either on ANG owned or on ANG’scustomers' properties and through ANG’s network of public access fueling stations. At these CNG fueling stations, ANG procures natural gas from localutilities or third-party marketers under standard, floating-rate or locked-in rate arrangements and then compresses and dispenses it into customers' vehicles.ANGs CNG fueling station sales are made primarily through contracts with customers. Under these contracts, pricing is principally determined on a cost plusbasis, which is calculated by adding a margin to the utility price for natural gas. As a result, CNG total sales revenues increase or decrease as a result of anincrease or decrease in the price of natural gas. The balance of ANG’s CNG fueling station sales are on a per fill-up basis at prices set at public access stationsbased on prevailing market conditions.O&M Services. ANG performs operate and maintain (“O&M”) services for CNG stations that are owned by their customers. For these services, ANGgenerally charges either a monthly or per-GGE fee based on the volume of CNG dispensed at the station.Station Construction and Engineering. ANG builds state of the art fueling stations, either serving as general contractor or supervising qualified third-party contractors, for themselves or their customers. ANG has also acquired existing stations that they did not build from third parties. Equipment for a CNGstation typically consists of dryers, compressors, dispensers and storage tanks.Half of ANG’s fueling stations have separate public access areas for retail customers, which generally have comparable17Table of Contentsdispensing rates of traditional gasoline and diesel fueling stations.Sales and MarketingANG focuses its sales and marketing efforts within the continental United States and targets such efforts primarily through direct sales. ANG’s sales andmarketing group stays informed of proposed and newly adopted regulations in order to provide education on the value of natural gas as a vehicle fuel tocurrent and future customers.Key Markets and CustomersANG targets customers in a variety of markets, such as trucking, airports, refuse, public transit and food and beverage distributors. In 2015,approximately 90% of ANG’s revenues from CNG sales came from customers with multi-year contracts based on committed fueling volumes.Trucking and Food and Beverage Distributors. ANG believes that heavy-duty trucking represents one of the greatest opportunities for natural gas to beused as a vehicle fuel in the U.S. Fleets with high-mileage trucks consume significant amounts of fuel and can benefit from the lower cost of natural gas.Many shippers, manufacturers, retailers and other truck fleet operators have started to adopt natural gas fueled trucks to move their freight.Refuse Haulers. According to INFORM, there are 179,000 waste collection, waste transfer and recycling vehicles on U.S. roads today - 91% of themdiesel-fueled and most of them old. Refuse haulers are increasingly adopting trucks that run on CNG to realize operating savings and to address theircustomers' demands for reduced emissions and quieter performance. ANG serves several large independent waste haulers in the northeast. ANG believes thatrefuse companies are ideal customers as they can be served by centralized fueling infrastructure supported by a consistent monthly volume of fuel.Corporate Information; Acquisitions and DivestituresANG was originally formed in 2011. In August 2014, HC2 acquired a 51% interest in ANG. In October 2014, ANG acquired Northville Natural Gas,which owned three stations in Indiana. ANG intends to continue to pursue additional acquisitions, divestitures, partnerships and investments as ANGbecomes aware of opportunities that it believes will increase its competitive advantage, take advantage of industry developments, or enhance their marketposition.Tax IncentivesSince October 2012, ANG has been eligible to receive the volumetric excise tax credit (“VETC”) federal alternative fuel tax credit of $0.50 per GGE ofCNG sold as vehicle fuel. ANG will continue to be eligible to receive the VETC through 2016. The VETC is a renewable tax incentive and therefore maynot be available after 2016. In addition, other U.S. federal and state government tax incentives are available to offset the cost of acquiring natural gasvehicles, converting vehicles to use natural gas or construct natural gas fueling stations.Grant ProgramsANG continues to seek out and apply for, and help its fleet customers apply for federal, state and regional grant programs. These programs providefunding for natural gas vehicle conversions and purchases, natural gas fueling station construction and vehicle fuel sold.CompetitionThe market for vehicle fuels is highly competitive. The biggest competition for CNG is gasoline and diesel, as the vast majority of vehicles in the arepowered by gasoline and diesel. Many of the producers and sellers of gasoline and diesel fuels are large entities that have significantly greater resources thanANG has. ANG also competes with suppliers of other alternative vehicle fuels, including ethanol, biodiesel and hydrogen fuels, as well as providers of hybridand electric vehicles. New technologies and improvements to existing technologies may make alternatives other than natural gas more attractive to themarket, or may slow the development of the market for natural gas as a vehicle fuel if such advances are made with respect to oil and gas usage.A significant number of established businesses, including oil and gas companies, alternative vehicle and alternative fuel companies, natural gasutilities and their affiliates, industrial gas companies, truck stop and fuel station operators, fuel providers18Table of Contentsand other organizations have entered or are planning to enter the market for natural gas and other alternatives for use as vehicle fuels. Many of these currentand potential competitors have substantially greater financial, marketing, research and other resources than ANG has. Several natural gas utilities and theiraffiliates own and operate public access CNG stations that compete with ANG’s stations.ANG competes for vehicle fuel users based on price of fuel, availability and price of vehicles that operate on natural gas, convenience and accessibilityof its fueling stations, quality, cleanliness and safety of its fuel, and brand recognition. ANG expects competition to increase, particularly if and to the extentthe demand for natural gas vehicle fuel increases. Increased competition would lead to amplified pricing pressure, reduced operating margins and fewerexpansion opportunities.Government Regulation and Environmental MattersCertain aspects of ANG’s operations are subject to regulation under federal, state, local and foreign laws. If ANG were to violate these laws or if the lawswere to change, it would have a material adverse effect on ANG’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Regulations that significantlyaffect ANG’s operations are described below.CNG Stations. To construct a CNG fueling station, ANG must satisfy permitting and other requirements and either ANG or a third party contractor mustbe licensed as a general engineering contractor. Each CNG fueling station must be constructed in accordance with federal, state and local regulationspertaining to station design, environmental health, accidental release prevention, above-ground storage tanks, hazardous waste and hazardous materials.ANG is also required to register with certain state agencies as a retailer/wholesaler of CNG.ANG believes it is in material compliance with environmental laws and regulations and other known regulatory requirements. Compliance with theseregulations has not had a material effect on ANG’s capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position but new laws or regulations or amendments toexisting laws or regulations to make them more stringent, such as more rigorous air emissions requirements, proposals to make waste materials subject tomore stringent and costly handling, disposal and clean-up requirements or regulations of greenhouse gas emissions, could require ANG to undertakesignificant capital expenditures in the future.Life Sciences Segment (Pansend Life Sciences, Ltd. (“Pansend”))Pansend is HC2’s life sciences segment focusing on the development of innovative technologies and products in the world of healthcare. Pansend hasinvested in the following four companies:•BeneVir Biopharm, Inc. (“BeneVir”), a development stage company focused on the development of a patent protected oncolytic virus, BV-2711,for the treatment of cancer. BeneVir's pre-clinical pipeline consists of oncolytic viruses delivered locally or systemically. Once inside tumors, theviruses are designed to selectively destroy cancer cells, evade elimination by the immune system, and activate multiple classes of anti-tumorimmune cells. This multi-mechanistic approach builds upon key elements of both oncolytic virus and immune-checkpoint inhibitor approaches tocancer treatment and is designed to block the major methods that tumors use to subvert the immune system. BeneVir holds an exclusiveworldwide license for BV-2711, a patent-protected novel compound;•R2 Dermatology, Incorporated, a company developing medical devices for the treatment of aesthetic and medical skin conditions. The deviceutilizes exclusive licensing rights to a novel technology developed at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School;•Genovel Orthopedics, Inc., a company developing novel partial and total knee replacements for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee basedon patent protected technology invented at New York University School of Medicine; and,•MediBeacon, Inc. (“MediBeacon”), a company developing a proprietary non-invasive real-time monitoring system for the evaluation of kidneyfunction. The MediBeacon system uses an optical skin sensor combined with a proprietary agent that glows in the presence of light. It providesclinicians continuous real-time monitoring of a patient’s kidney function. MediBeacon recently completed its first human clinical trials. InAugust 2015, Pansend agreed to provide MediBeacon with $22.4 million in staged financing.Other Businesses and InvestmentsOutside of the above listed operating subsidiaries, which collectively represent $1,118.7 million, or 99.8% of our net revenue for 2015, we acquiredDMi, Inc. (“DMi”), which owns licenses to create and distribute NASCAR® video games, for $6.0 million. Currently, DMi is working on several gamesincluding an all-new NASCAR racing simulation game for PlayStation 4, Xbox One,19Table of ContentsPC and mobile games that are expected to be released in 2016. We also have made several noncontrolling investments, including $14.2 million for anapproximate 25% ownership interest in Novatel, a publicly listed company that designs and develops wireless communications technologies and software-as-a-service solutions for the Internet of Things, and $5.6 million for a 40% interest in Nervve Technologies, Inc. (“Nervve Technologies”), an informationtechnology company with a unique capability to search video footage, which is able to search an hour of video in less than five seconds. NervveTechnologies’ core technology utilizes a search by example methodology to automatically search massive amounts of video and image data for objects ofinterest.See Note 20. Operating Segment and Related Information for additional detail regarding our operating segments and financial information bygeographic area.Environmental RegulationOur operations and properties, including those of Schuff and GMSL, are subject to a wide variety of increasingly complex and stringent foreign, federal,state and local environmental laws and regulations, including those concerning emissions into the air, discharge into waterways, generation, storage,handling, treatment and disposal of waste materials and health and safety of employees. Sanctions for noncompliance may include revocation of permits,corrective action orders, administrative or civil penalties and criminal prosecution. Some environmental laws provide for strict, joint and several liability forremediation of spills and other releases of hazardous substances, as well as damage to natural resources. In addition, companies may be subject to claimsalleging personal injury or property damage as a result of alleged exposure to hazardous substances. These laws and regulations may also expose us toliability for the conduct of or conditions caused by others, or for our acts that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the time such acts wereperformed.Compliance with federal, state and local provisions regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or relating to the protection of theenvironment has not had a material impact on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position. Based on our experience to date, we do notcurrently anticipate any material adverse effect on our business or consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows as a result of futurecompliance with existing environmental laws and regulations. However, future events, such as changes in existing laws and regulations or theirinterpretation, more vigorous enforcement policies of regulatory agencies, or stricter or different interpretations of existing laws and regulations, may requireadditional expenditures by us, which may be material. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will not incur significant environmental compliancecosts in the future.Corporate InformationThe Company was incorporated in 1994. The Company’s executive offices are located at 505 Huntmar Park Drive, Suite 325, Herndon, VA 20170. TheCompany’s telephone number is (703) 865-0700. Our Internet address is www.hc2.com. We make available free of charge through our Internet website ourAnnual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant tothe Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the UnitedStates Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The information on our website is not a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORSThe following risk factors and the forward-looking statements elsewhere herein should be read carefully in connection with evaluating the business ofthe Company and its subsidiaries. A wide range of events and circumstances could materially affect our overall performance, the performance of particularbusinesses and our results of operations, and therefore, an investment in us is subject to risks and uncertainties. In addition to the important factors affectingspecific business operations and the financial results of those operations identified elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following importantfactors, among others, could adversely affect our operations. While each risk is described separately below, some of these risks are interrelated and it ispossible that certain risks could trigger the applicability of other risks described below. Also, the risks and uncertainties described below are not the onlyones that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that are currently deemed immaterial, could also potentially impair ouroverall performance, the performance of particular businesses and our results of operations. These risk factors may be amended, supplemented or supersededfrom time to time in filings and reports that we file with the SEC in the future. Risks Related to Our BusinessesWe have restated our prior financial statements, which may lead to additional risks and uncertainties, including shareholder litigation, loss of investorconfidence and negative impacts on our stock price.20Table of ContentsIn March 2016, we restated our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, and the fiscal quarters ended June 30, 2014, September30, 2014, March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015 and September 30, 2015. The determination to restate these consolidated financial statements and the unauditedinterim condensed consolidated financial statements was made by our Audit Committee upon management’s recommendation following the identification oferrors related to our recording of a bargain purchase gain associated with the acquisition of American Natural Gas and the treatment of transaction costs andthe calculation of the net operating loss limit following an Internal Revenue Code Section 382 ownership change in May 2014, as well as the considerationof other known out-of-period errors that had been waived in 2014.The fact that we have restated our prior consolidated financial statements may subject us to shareholder or other litigation, lead to a loss of investorconfidence and have a negative impact on the trading price of our common stock.We identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the preparation and reivew of our income tax provision andrelated accounts, the valuation of a business acquisition, and the application of U.S. GAAP to complex and/or non-routine transactions, which couldadversely affect our ability to report our financial condition and results of operations in a timely and accurate manner .As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December31, 2014, management identified a material weakness in our internal controls over the accounting for income taxes, including the income tax provision andrelated tax assets and liabilities. Specifically, management determined that the Company did not have the technical knowledge nor management reviewcontrols to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the data used in the computation of income tax expense, taxes payable or receivable and deferred taxassets and liabilities. Subsequently, management also identified a material weakness in our internal controls over the valuation of a business acquisition andthe application of U.S. GAAP to complex and/or non-routine transactions. In particular, the Company determined that it incorrectly valued its acquisition ofAmerican Natural Gas, completed on August 1, 2014, in its financial statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2014 as required by FASB AccountingStandards Codification 805. In addition, we determined that the valuation of the net assets acquired was incorrect. Further, the Company determined that itincorrectly classified funds released from escrow totaling $29.2 million as cash flows from operating activities rather than cash flows from investing activitiesin its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. The funds related to the 2013 sales of the North AmericanTelecom and BLACKIRON Data business units.A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonablepossibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As of December 31,2015, management concluded that, as a result of the remediation efforts that took place in 2015, which are described in Item 9A “Controls and Procedures,”our internal control over financial reporting was effective.In future periods, if the process required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act reveals further material weaknesses or significant deficiencies, thecorrection of any such material weakness or significant deficiency could require additional remedial measures including additional personnel which could becostly and time-consuming. If a material weakness exists as of a future period year-end (including a material weakness identified prior to year-end for whichthere is an insufficient period of time to evaluate and confirm the effectiveness of the corrections or related new procedures), our management will be unableto report favorably as of such future period year-end to the effectiveness of our control over financial reporting. If we are unable to assert that our internalcontrol over financial reporting is effective in any future period, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports,which could have an adverse effect on the trading price of our common stock and potentially subject us to additional and potentially costly litigation andgovernmental inquiries/investigations.We have experienced significant historical, and may experience significant future, operating losses and net losses, which may hinder our ability to meetworking capital requirements or service our indebtedness, and we cannot assure you that we will generate sufficient cash flow from operations to meetsuch requirements or service our indebtedness.We cannot assure you that we will recognize net income in future periods. If we cannot generate net income or sufficient operating profitability, we maynot be able to meet our working capital requirements or service our indebtedness. Our ability to generate sufficient cash for our operations will depend upon,among other things, our future financial and operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions and financial, business,regulatory and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We recognized a net loss attributable to HC2 of $35.6 million in 2015, a net loss of $14.4million in 2014 and a net income of $111.6 million in 2013 (after taking into account $148.8 million of gain from the sale of discontinued operations, net oftax), and have incurred net losses in prior periods.21Table of ContentsWe cannot assure you that our business will generate cash flow from operations in an amount sufficient to fund our liquidity needs. If our cash flows andcapital resources are insufficient, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets and/or seek additional capital or financings. Our abilityto obtain financings will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any financings could be at high interestrates and may require us to comply with covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. In the absence of such operating results andresources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our obligations. We may notbe able to consummate those dispositions for fair market value or at all. Furthermore, any proceeds that we could realize from any such disposition may notbe adequate to meet our obligations. We recognized cash flows from operating activities of $(32.6) million in 2015, $3.7 million in 2014 and $(20.3) millionin 2013.We are dependent on certain key personnel, the loss of which may adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.HC2 and its operating subsidiaries depend, and will continue to depend in the foreseeable future, on the services of HC2’s and our operating subsidiaryteams, in particular, our Chief Executive Officer, Philip Falcone, and other key personnel, which may consist of a relatively small number of individuals thatpossess sales, marketing, engineering, financial, technical and other skills that are critical to the operation of our businesses. The executive managementteams that lead our subsidiaries are also highly experienced and possess extensive skills in their relevant industries. The ability to retain officers and keysenior employees is important to our success and future growth. Competition for these professionals can be intense, and we may not be able to retain andmotivate our existing management and key personnel, and continue to compensate such individuals competitively. The unexpected loss of the services ofone or more of these individuals could have a detrimental effect on the financial condition or results of operations of our businesses, and could hinder theability of such businesses to effectively compete in the various industries in which we operate.We have significant indebtedness and other financing arrangements and could incur additional indebtedness and other obligations, which could adverselyaffect our business and financial condition.We have a significant amount of indebtedness and Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2015, our total outstanding indebtedness was $371.9 million andthe accrued value of our Preferred Stock was $52.6 million. We may not generate enough cash flow to satisfy our obligations under such indebtedness andother arrangements.Additional risks relating to our indebtedness and other financing arrangements include:•our 11% Notes are secured by substantially all of HC2’s assets and those of certain of HC2’s subsidiaries that have guaranteed the 11% Notes,including certain equity interests in our other subsidiaries and other investments, as well as certain intellectual property and trademarks, and thoseassets cannot be pledged to secure other financings;•certain assets of our subsidiaries are pledged to secure their indebtedness, and those assets cannot be pledged to secure other financings;•increased vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;•higher interest expense if interest rates increase on our floating rate borrowings and our hedging strategies are not effective to mitigate the effectsof these increases;•our having to divert a significant portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness and other arrangements, therebyreducing the availability of cash to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, investments and other general corporate purposes;•limiting our ability to obtain additional financing, on terms we find acceptable, if needed, for working capital, capital expenditures, expansionplans and other investments, which may limit our ability to implement our business strategy;•limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our businesses and the markets in which we operate or to take advantage ofmarket opportunities; and•placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt and other outstanding obligations.In addition, it is possible that we may need to incur additional indebtedness or enter into additional financing arrangements in the future in the ordinarycourse of business. The terms of the 11% Notes Indenture and our other financing arrangements allow us to incur additional debt and issue additional sharesof preferred stock, subject to certain limitations. If additional indebtedness is incurred or equity is issued, the risks described above could intensify. Inaddition, our inability to maintain certain leverage22Table of Contentsratios could result in acceleration of a portion of our debt obligations and could cause us to be in default if we are unable to repay the accelerated obligations.To service our indebtedness and other obligations, we will require a significant amount of cash.Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control, and any failure to meet our debt service obligations, including those under (a)the 11% Notes Indenture governing the 11% Notes, (b) the Schuff Facility and (c) the GMSL Facility, as well as the obligations with respect to our (i) 30,000shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued on May 29, 2014 (of which 828 shares have been converted into common stock as of December 31, 2015), (ii)11,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock issued on September 22, 2014 (of which 1,000 shares have been converted into common stock as of December 31,2015), and (iii) 14,000 shares of Series A-2 Preferred Stock (together with the Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock, the “Preferred Stock”)issued on January 5, 2015, each of which is governed by a certificate of designation forming a part of HC2’s Certificate of Incorporation (collectively, the“Certificates of Designation”), could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our ability to make payments on and to refinance ourindebtedness and Preferred Stock and to fund working capital needs and planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in thefuture. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, business, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond ourcontrol.If our business does not generate sufficient cash flow from operations or if future borrowings are not available to us in an amount sufficient to enable usto pay our indebtedness or make mandatory redemption payments with respect to the Preferred Stock, or to fund our other liquidity needs, we may need torefinance all or a portion of our indebtedness or redeem the Preferred Stock, on or before the maturity thereof, sell assets, reduce or delay capital investmentsor seek to raise additional capital, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations.In addition, we may not be able to affect any of these actions, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Our ability to restructure orrefinance our indebtedness or redeem the Preferred Stock will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Anyrefinancing of our debt or financings related to the redemption of our Preferred Stock could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with moreonerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. The terms of existing or future debt instruments or preferred stock may limit orprevent us from taking any of these actions. In addition, any failure to make scheduled payments of interest and principal on our outstanding indebtedness ordividend payments on our Preferred Stock would likely result in a reduction of our credit rating, which could harm our ability to incur additionalindebtedness or otherwise raise capital on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt service andother obligations, or to refinance or restructure our obligations on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would have an adverse effect, which could bematerial, on our business, financial condition and results of operations.The agreements governing our indebtedness and Preferred Stock, including the 11% Notes Indenture, the Schuff Facility and the GMSL Facility, as well asthe Certificates of Designation with respect to our Preferred Stock, contain various covenants that may limit our discretion in the operation of our businessand/or require us to meet financial maintenance tests and other covenants. The failure to comply with such tests and covenants could have a materialadverse effect on us.The agreements governing our indebtedness and Preferred Stock, including the 11% Notes Indenture, the Schuff Facility and the GMSL Facility, as wellas the Certificates of Designation with respect to the Preferred Stock, contain, and any of our other future financing agreements may contain, covenantsimposing operating and financial restrictions on our businesses.The 11% Notes Indenture contains various covenants, including those that restrict our ability to, among other things:•incur liens on our property, assets and revenue;•borrow money, and guarantee or provide other support for the indebtedness of third parties;•redeem or repurchase, our capital stock;•prepay, redeem or repurchase, certain of our indebtedness, including our Preferred Stock;•enter into certain change of control transactions;•make investments in entities that we do not control, including joint ventures;•enter into certain asset sale transactions, including divestiture of certain company assets and divestiture of capital stock of wholly-ownedsubsidiaries;•enter into certain transactions with affiliates;23Table of Contents•enter into secured financing arrangements; and•enter into sale and leaseback transactions.The Schuff Facility and the GMSL Facility contain similar covenants applicable to Schuff and GMSL, respectively. These covenants may limit ourability to effectively operate our businesses. In addition, the 11% Notes Indenture requires that we meet certain financial tests, including a collateral coverageratio and minimum liquidity test. Our ability to satisfy these tests may be affected by factors and events beyond our control, and we may be unable to meetsuch tests in the future.Any failure to comply with the restrictions in the 11% Notes Indenture, or any agreement governing other indebtedness we could incur, may result in anevent of default under those agreements. Such default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt, which acceleration may trigger cross-accelerationor cross-default provisions in other debt. If any of these risks were to occur, our business and operations could be materially and adversely affected.The Certificates of Designation provide the holders of our Preferred Stock with consent and voting rights with respect to certain of the matters referred toabove, in addition to certain corporate governance rights and the rights to participate in certain of our financing transactions, including certain privateplacements. These restrictions may interfere with our ability to obtain financings or to engage in other business activities, which could have a materialadverse effect on our business and operations.We may issue additional shares of common stock or preferred stock, which could dilute the interests of our stockholders and present other risks.Our certificate of incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), authorizes the issuance of up to 80,000,000 shares of common stock and20,000,000 shares of preferred stock.As of December 31, 2015, HC2 has 35,249,749 shares of its common stock issued and outstanding, and 53,172 shares of Preferred Stock issued andoutstanding. However, the Certificate of Incorporation authorizes our Board of Directors to, from time to time, subject to limitations prescribed by law andany consent rights granted to holders of outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, to issue additional shares of preferred stock having rights that are senior tothose afforded to the holders of our common stock. We also have reserved shares of common stock for issuance pursuant to our broad-based equity incentiveplans, upon exercise of stock options and other equity-based awards granted thereunder, and pursuant to other equity compensation arrangements.We may issue shares of common stock or additional shares of preferred stock to raise additional capital, to complete a business combination or otheracquisition, to capitalize new businesses or new or existing businesses of our operating subsidiaries or pursuant to other employee incentive plans, any ofwhich could dilute the interests of our stockholders and present other risks.The issuance of additional shares of common stock or preferred stock may, among other things:•significantly dilute the equity interest and voting power of all other stockholders;•subordinate the rights of holders of our outstanding common stock and/or Preferred Stock if preferred stock is issued with rights senior to thoseafforded to holders of our common stock and/or Preferred Stock;•trigger an adjustment to the price at which all or a portion of our outstanding Preferred Stock converts into our common stock, if such stock isissued at a price lower than the then-applicable conversion price;•entitle our existing holders of Preferred Stock to purchase a portion of such issuance to maintain their ownership percentage, subject to certainexceptions;•entitle Philip Falcone to purchase additional shares of our common stock pursuant to the terms of his existing option agreement;•call for us to make dividend or other payments not available to the holders of our common stock; and•cause a change in control of our company if a substantial number of shares of our common stock is issued and/or if additional shares of preferredstock having substantial voting rights are issued.The issuance of additional shares of common stock or preferred stock, or perceptions in the market that such issuances could occur, may also adverselyaffect the prevailing market price of our outstanding common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock by holders of our Preferred Stock or other significant stockholders may adversely affect themarket price of our common stock.24Table of ContentsAs of December 31, 2015, the holders of our outstanding Preferred Stock had certain rights to convert their Preferred Stock into an aggregate amount of11,078,030 shares of our common stock.Pursuant to a second amended and restated registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) entered into in connection with theissuance of the Preferred Stock, we have granted registration rights to the purchasers of our Preferred Stock and certain of their transferees with respect to HC2common stock held by them and common stock underlying the Preferred Stock. This Registration Rights Agreement allows these holders, subject to certainconditions, to require us to register the sale of their shares under the federal securities laws. Furthermore, the shares of our common stock held by theseholders, as well as other significant stockholders, may be sold into the public market under Rule 144 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock into the public market, or perceptions in the market that such sales could occur, may adverselyaffect the prevailing market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.Changes in credit ratings issued by nationally recognized statistical ratings organizations could adversely affect our cost of financing and the market priceof our securities.Credit rating agencies rate our debt securities and other instruments on factors that include our operating results, actions that we take, their view of thegeneral outlook for our industry and their view of the general outlook for the economy. Actions taken by the rating agencies can include maintaining,upgrading, or downgrading the current rating or placing us on a watch list for possible future downgrading. Downgrading the credit rating of our debtsecurities or other instruments or placing us on a watch list for possible future downgrading would likely increase our cost of financing, limit our access to thecapital markets and have an adverse effect on the market price of our securities.Price fluctuations in our common stock could result from general market and economic conditions and a variety of other factors.The trading price of our common stock may be highly volatile and could be subject to fluctuations in response to a number of factors beyond ourcontrol, including:•actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations and the performance of our competitors;•reaction of the market to our announcement of any future acquisitions or investments;•the public’s reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;•changes in general economic conditions; and•actions of our equity investors, including sales of our common stock by significant shareholders.Because we face significant competition for acquisition and business opportunities, including from numerous companies with a business plan similar toours, it may be difficult for us to fully execute our business strategy. Additionally, our subsidiaries also operate in highly competitive industries, limitingtheir ability to gain or maintain their positions in their respective industries.We expect to encounter intense competition for acquisition and business opportunities from both strategic investors and other entities having a businessobjective similar to ours, such as private investors (which may be individuals or investment partnerships), blank check companies, and other entities,domestic and international, competing for the type of businesses that we may intend to acquire. Many of these competitors possess greater technical, humanand other resources, or more local industry knowledge, or greater access to capital, than we do and our financial resources will be relatively limited whencontrasted with those of many of these competitors. These factors may place us at a competitive disadvantage in successfully completing future acquisitionsand investments.In addition, while we believe that there are numerous target businesses that we could potentially acquire or invest in, our ability to compete with respectto the acquisition of certain target businesses that are sizable will be limited by our available financial resources. We may need to obtain additional financingin order to consummate future acquisitions and investment opportunities and cannot assure you that any additional financing will be available to us onacceptable terms, or at all. This inherent competitive limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing acquisition and investment opportunities.Furthermore, our subsidiaries also face competition from both traditional and new market entrants that may adversely affect them as well, as discussedbelow in the risk factors related to Schuff, GMSL, ICS and insurance operations.25Table of ContentsFuture acquisitions or business opportunities could involve unknown risks that could harm our business and adversely affect our financial condition andresults of operations.We are a diversified holding company that owns interests in a number of different businesses. We have in the past, and may in the future, acquirebusinesses or make investments, directly or indirectly through our subsidiaries, that involve unknown risks, some of which will be particular to the industryin which the investment or acquisition targets operate, including risks in industries with which we are not familiar or experienced. There can be no assuranceour due diligence investigations will identify every matter that could have a material adverse effect on us. We may be unable to adequately address thefinancial, legal and operational risks raised by such investments or acquisitions, especially if we are unfamiliar with the relevant industry. The realization ofany unknown risks could expose us to unanticipated costs and liabilities and prevent or limit us from realizing the projected benefits of the investments oracquisitions, which could adversely affect our financial condition and liquidity. In addition, our financial condition, results of operations and the ability toservice our debt may be adversely impacted depending on the specific risks applicable to any business we invest in or acquire and our ability to address thoserisks.We will increase our size in the future, and may experience difficulties in managing growth.We have adopted a business strategy that contemplates that we will expand our operations, including any future acquisitions or other businessopportunities, and as a result we are required to increase our level of corporate functions, which may include hiring additional personnel to perform suchfunctions and enhancing our information technology systems. Any future growth may increase our corporate operating costs and expenses and imposesignificant added responsibilities on members of our management, including the need to identify, recruit, maintain and integrate additional employees andimplement enhanced informational technology systems. Our future financial performance and our ability to compete effectively will depend, in part, on ourability to manage any future growth effectively.We may not be able to fully utilize our net operating loss and other tax carryforwards.Our ability to utilize our net operating loss (“NOL”) and other tax carryforward amounts to reduce taxable income in future years may be limited forvarious reasons, including if future taxable income is insufficient to recognize the full benefit of such NOL carryforward amounts prior to their expiration.Additionally, our ability to fully utilize these U.S. tax assets can also be adversely affected by “ownership changes” within the meaning of Sections 382 and383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). An ownership change is generally defined as a greater than 50% increase in equityownership by “5% shareholders” (as that term is defined for purposes of Sections 382 and 383 of the Code) in any three year period.In 2014, substantial acquisitions of our common stock were reported by new beneficial owners on Schedule 13D filings made with the SEC and weissued shares of our Preferred Stock, which are convertible into a substantial number of shares of our common stock. During the second quarter of 2014, wecompleted a Section 382 review. The conclusions of this review indicated that an ownership change had occurred as of May 29, 2014. Our annual Section382 base limit following the ownership change is estimated to be $2.3 million per year. As of December 31, 2014, we had a U.S. NOL carryforward in theamount of $62.7 million.As a result of our common stock offering in November 2015, we triggered another ownership change, imposing an additional limitation on the use of ourNOL carryforward amounts. While this ownership change may impact the timing of our ability to use these losses, we currently do not expect this additionallimitation to further reduce the total amount of NOL carryforward amounts. However, there can be no assurance that future ownership changes would notnegatively impact our NOL carryforward amounts because any future annual Section 382 limitation will ultimately depend on the value of our equity asdetermined for these purposes and the amount of unrealized gains immediately prior to such ownership change.We and our subsidiaries may not be able to attract additional skilled personnel.We may not be able to attract new personnel, including management and technical and sales personnel, necessary for future growth or to replace lostpersonnel. In particular, the activities of some of our operating subsidiaries, such as GMSL and the Insurance Companies, require personnel with highlyspecialized skills. Competition for the best personnel in our businesses can be intense. Our financial condition and results of operations could be materiallyadversely affected if we are unable to attract qualified personnel.Our officers, directors, stockholders and their respective affiliates may have a pecuniary interest in certain transactions in which we are involved, and mayalso compete with us.26Table of ContentsWhile we have adopted a code of ethics applicable to our officers and directors reasonably designed to promote the ethical handling of actual orapparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships, we have neither adopted a policy that expressly prohibits our directors,officers, stockholders or affiliates from having a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in any transaction to which we are a party or in which we have an interestnor do we have a policy that expressly prohibits any such persons from engaging for their own account in business activities of the types conducted by us.We have in the past engaged in transactions in which such persons have an interest and, subject to the terms of any applicable covenants in financingarrangements or other agreements we may enter into from time to time, may in the future enter into additional transactions in which such persons have aninterest. In addition, such parties may have an interest in certain transactions such as strategic partnerships or joint ventures in which we are involved, andmay also compete with us.In the course of their other business activities, certain of our current and future directors and officers may become aware of business and acquisitionopportunities that may be appropriate for presentation to us as well as the other entities with which they are affiliated. Such directors and officers maytherefore not present otherwise attractive business or acquisition opportunities to us.Certain of our current and future directors and officers may become aware of business and acquisition opportunities which may be appropriate forpresentation to us as well as the other entities with which they are or may be affiliated. Due to those directors’ and officers’ affiliations with other entities,they may have obligations to present potential business and acquisition opportunities to those entities, which could cause conflicts of interest. Moreover, inaccordance with Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation contains a provision that renounces our expectation to certain corporate opportunities that arepresented to our current and future directors that serve in capacities with other entities. Accordingly, our directors and officers may not present otherwiseattractive business or acquisition opportunities to us.We may suffer adverse consequences if we are deemed an investment company and we may incur significant costs to avoid investment company status.We have not held, and do not hold, ourselves out as an investment company and do not believe we are an investment company under the InvestmentCompany Act of 1940. If the SEC or a court were to disagree with us, we could be required to register as an investment company. This would subject us todisclosure and accounting rules geared toward investment, rather than operating, companies; limit our ability to borrow money, issue options, issue multipleclasses of stock and debt, and engage in transactions with affiliates; and require us to undertake significant costs and expenses to meet the disclosure andregulatory requirements to which we would be subject as a registered investment company.We are subject to litigation in respect of which we are unable to accurately assess our level of exposure and which, if adversely determined, may have amaterial adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.We are currently, and may become in the future, party to legal proceedings that are considered to be either ordinary or routine litigation incidental to ourcurrent or prior businesses or not material to our financial position or results of operations. We also are currently, or may become in the future, party to legalproceedings with the potential to be material to our financial position or results of operations. There can be no assurance that we will prevail in any litigationin which we may become involved, or that our insurance coverage will be adequate to cover any potential losses. To the extent that we sustain losses fromany pending litigation which are not reserved or otherwise provided for or insured against, our business, results of operations, cash flows and/or financialcondition could be materially adversely affected. See Item 3, "Legal Proceedings."Further deterioration of global economic conditions could adversely affect our business.The global economy and capital and credit markets have experienced exceptional turmoil and upheaval over the past several years. Many majoreconomies worldwide entered significant economic recessions beginning in 2007 and continue to experience economic weakness, with the potential foranother economic downturn to occur. Ongoing concerns about the systemic impact of potential long-term and widespread recession and potentiallyprolonged economic recovery, volatile energy costs, geopolitical issues, the availability, cost and terms of credit, consumer and business confidence anddemand, and substantially increased unemployment rates have all contributed to increased market volatility and diminished expectations for manyestablished and emerging economies, including those in which we operate. These general economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on ourcash flow from operations, results of operations and overall financial condition.The availability, cost and terms of credit also have been and may continue to be adversely affected by illiquid markets and wider credit spreads. Concernabout the stability of the markets generally and the strength of counterparties specifically has led many lenders and institutional investors to reduce credit tobusinesses and consumers. These factors have led to a decrease in spending by businesses and consumers over the past several years, and a correspondingslowdown in global infrastructure spending.27Table of ContentsContinued uncertainty in the U.S. and international markets and economies and prolonged stagnation in business and consumer spending may adverselyaffect our liquidity and financial condition, and the liquidity and financial condition of our customers, including our ability to access capital markets andobtain capital lease financing to meet liquidity needs.Fluctuations in the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar and in foreign currencies may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.We conduct various operations outside the United States, primarily in the United Kingdom. As a result, we face exposure to movements in currencyexchange rates. These exposures include but are not limited to:•re-measurement gains and losses from changes in the value of foreign denominated assets and liabilities;•translation gains and losses on foreign subsidiary financial results that are translated into U.S. dollars, our functional currency, uponconsolidation; and•planning risk related to changes in exchange rates between the time we prepare our annual and quarterly forecasts and when actual results occur.Depending on the size of the exposures and the relative movements of exchange rates, if we choose to hedge or fail to hedge effectively our exposure, wecould experience a material adverse effect on results of operations and financial condition. As we have seen in some recent periods, in the event of volatilityin exchange rates, these exposures can increase, and the impact on our results of operations and financial condition can be more pronounced. In addition, thecurrent environment and the increasingly global nature of our business have made hedging these exposures more complex and costly.We are subject to risks associated with our international operations.We operate in international markets, and may in the future consummate additional investments in or acquisitions of foreign businesses. Our internationaloperations are subject to a number of risks, including:•political conditions and events, including embargo;•restrictive actions by U.S. and foreign governments;•the imposition of withholding or other taxes on foreign income, tariffs or restrictions on foreign trade and investment;•adverse tax consequences;•limitations on repatriation of earnings;•currency exchange controls and import/export quotas;•nationalization, expropriation, asset seizure, blockades and blacklisting;•limitations in the availability, amount or terms of insurance coverage;•loss of contract rights and inability to adequately enforce contracts;•political instability, war and civil disturbances or other risks that may limit or disrupt markets, such as terrorist attacks, piracy and kidnapping;•outbreaks of pandemic diseases or fear of such outbreaks;•fluctuations in currency exchange rates, hard currency shortages and controls on currency exchange that affect demand for our services and ourprofitability;•potential noncompliance with a wide variety of anti-corruption laws and regulations, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (the“FCPA”), and similar non-U.S. laws and regulations, including the U.K. Bribery Act 2010 (the “Bribery Act”);•labor strikes;•changes in general economic and political conditions;•adverse changes in foreign laws or regulatory requirements; and•different liability standards and legal systems that may be less developed and less predictable than those in the United States.28Table of ContentsIf we are unable to adequately address these risks, we could lose our ability to operate in certain international markets and our business, financialcondition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.The U.S. Departments of Justice, Commerce, Treasury and other agencies and authorities have a broad range of civil and criminal penalties they may seekto impose against companies for violations of export controls, the FCPA, and other federal statutes, sanctions and regulations, including those established bythe Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) and, increasingly, similar or more restrictive foreign laws, rules and regulations. By virtue of these laws andregulations, and under laws and regulations in other jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, we may be obliged to limit ourbusiness activities, we may incur costs for compliance programs and we may be subject to enforcement actions or penalties for noncompliance.In recent years, U.S. and foreign governments have increased their oversight and enforcement activities with respect to these laws and we expect therelevant agencies to continue to increase these activities. A violation of these laws, sanctions or regulations could materially adversely affect our business,financial condition or results of operations.The Company has compliance policies in place for its employees with respect to FCPA, OFAC and similar laws. Our subsidiaries also have relevantcompliance policies in place for their employees, which are tailored to their operations. However, there can be no assurance that our employees, consultantsor agents, or those of our subsidiaries or investees, will not engage in conduct for which we may be held responsible. Violations of the FCPA, the Bribery Act,the rules and regulations established by OFAC and other laws, sanctions or regulations may result in severe criminal or civil penalties, and we may be subjectto other liabilities, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.We may be required to expend substantial sums in order to bring the Insurance Companies, as well as other companies we have acquired or may acquire inthe future, into compliance with the various reporting requirements applicable to public companies and/or to prepare required financial statements, andsuch efforts may harm our operating results or be unsuccessful altogether.The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) requires our management to assess the effectiveness of the internal control over financialreporting for the companies we acquire and our external auditor to attest to, and report on the internal control over financial reporting, for these companies. In order to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we will need to implement or enhance internal control over financial reporting at acquired companies andevaluate the internal controls. We did not conduct a formal evaluation of our acquired the Insurance Companies’ internal control over financial reportingprior to the acquisition. The Insurance Companies were subject to Sarbanes-Oxley Act requirements; however, we cannot be certain that the internal controlsare effective. We may be required to hire additional staff and incur substantial costs to implement the necessary new internal controls at the InsuranceCompanies and other companies we acquire. Any failure to implement required internal controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, couldharm our operating results or increase the risk of material weaknesses in internal controls, which could, if not remediated, adversely affect our ability to reportour financial condition and results of operations in a timely and accurate manner.We face certain risks associated with the acquisition or disposition of businesses and lack of control over investments in associates.In pursuing our corporate strategy, we may acquire or dispose of or exit businesses or reorganize existing investments. The success of this strategy isdependent upon our ability to identify appropriate opportunities, negotiate transactions on favorable terms and ultimately complete such transactions.We may face delays in completing acquisitions, including in acquiring full ownership of our operating companies. For example, while we intend tocomplete the short form merger of Schuff, the timing of such merger is uncertain and we cannot assure you that we will complete such merger in the near termor at all.Once we complete acquisitions or reorganizations there can be no assurance that we will realize the anticipated benefits of any transaction, includingrevenue growth, operational efficiencies or expected synergies. For example, if we fail to recognize some or all of the strategic benefits and synergiesexpected from a transaction, goodwill and intangible assets may be impaired in future periods. The negotiations associated with the acquisition anddisposition of businesses could also disrupt our ongoing business, distract management and employees or increase our expenses.In addition, we may not be able to integrate acquisitions successfully, including Schuff, GMSL and the Insurance Companies, as defined below, and wecould incur or assume unknown or unanticipated liabilities or contingencies, which may impact our29Table of Contentsresults of operations. If we dispose of or otherwise exit certain businesses, there can be no assurance that we will not incur certain disposition related charges,or that we will be able to reduce overhead related to the divested assets.In addition to the risks described above, acquisitions are accompanied by a number of inherent risks, including, without limitation, the following:•the difficulty of integrating acquired products, services or operations;•difficulties in maintaining uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies;•the potential impairment of relationships with employees and customers as a result of any integration of new management personnel;•difficulties in disposing of the excess or idle facilities of an acquired company or business and expenses in maintaining such facilities; and•the effect of and potential expenses under the labor, environmental and other laws and regulations of various jurisdictions to which the businessacquired is subject.We also own a minority interest in a number of entities, such as Novatel, over which we do not exercise or have only limited management control and weare therefore unable to direct or manage the business to realize the anticipated benefits that we can achieve through full integration.We have incurred substantial costs in connection with our prior acquisitions and expect to incur substantial costs in connection with any other transactionwe complete in the future, which may increase our indebtedness or reduce the amount of our available cash and could adversely affect our financialcondition, results of operations and liquidity.We have incurred substantial costs in connection with our prior acquisitions and expect to incur substantial costs in connection with any othertransactions we complete in the future. These costs may increase our indebtedness or reduce the amount of cash otherwise available to us for acquisitions,business opportunities and other corporate purposes. There is no assurance that the actual costs will not exceed our estimates. We may continue to incuradditional material charges reflecting additional costs associated with our investments and the integration of our acquisitions, including our acquisition ofSchuff, GMSL and the Insurance Companies, in fiscal quarters subsequent to the quarter in which such investments and acquisitions were consummated.We could consume resources in researching acquisitions, business opportunities or financings and capital market transactions that are not consummated,which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or invest in another business.We anticipate that the investigation of each specific acquisition or business opportunity and the negotiation, drafting and execution of relevantagreements, disclosure documents and other instruments with respect to such transaction will require substantial management time and attention andsubstantial costs for financial advisors, accountants, attorneys and other advisors. If a decision is made not to consummate a specific acquisition, businessopportunity or financing and capital market transaction, the costs incurred up to that point for the proposed transaction likely would not be recoverable.Furthermore, even if an agreement is reached relating to a specific acquisition, investment target or financing, we may fail to consummate the investment oracquisition for any number of reasons, including those beyond our control. Any such event could consume significant management time and result in a lossto us of the related costs incurred, which could adversely affect our financial position and our ability to consummate other acquisitions and investments.Our participation in current or any future joint investment could be adversely affected by our lack of sole decision-making authority, our reliance on apartner’s financial condition and disputes between us and the relevant partners.We have, indirectly through our subsidiaries, formed joint ventures, and may in the future engage in similar joint ventures with third parties. Forexample, Schuff has formed the Schuff Hopsa Engineering, Inc. joint venture located in Panama, and GMSL operates various joint ventures outside of theUnited States. In such circumstances, we may not be in a position to exercise significant decision-making authority if we do not own a substantial majority ofthe equity interests of such joint venture or otherwise have contractual rights entitling us to exercise such authority. These ventures may involve risks notpresent were a third party not involved, including the possibility that partners might become insolvent or fail to fund their share of required capitalcontributions. In addition, partners may have economic or other business interests or goals that are inconsistent with our business interests or goals, and maybe in a position to take actions contrary to our policies or objectives. Disputes between us and partners may result in litigation or arbitration that wouldincrease our costs and expenses and divert a substantial amount of management’s time and effort away from our businesses. We may also, in certaincircumstances, be liable for the actions of our third-party partners.30Table of ContentsThere may be tax consequences associated with our acquisition, investment, holding and disposition of target companies and assets.We may incur significant taxes in connection with effecting acquisitions of or investments in, holding, receiving payments from, operating or disposingof target companies and assets. Our decision to make a particular acquisition, sell a particular asset or increase or decrease a particular investment may bebased on considerations other than the timing and amount of taxes owed as a result thereof.We rely on information systems to conduct our businesses, and failure to protect these systems against security breaches and otherwise maintain suchsystems in working order could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.The efficient operation of our businesses is dependent on computer hardware and software systems. Information systems are vulnerable to securitybreaches, and we rely on industry-accepted security measures and technology to securely maintain confidential and proprietary information maintained onour information systems. However, these measures and technology may not adequately prevent security breaches. In addition, the unavailability of theinformation systems or the failure of these systems to perform as anticipated for any other reason could disrupt our businesses and result in decreasedperformance and increased costs, causing our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition to suffer.We and our subsidiaries rely on trademark, copyright, trade secret, contractual restrictions and patent rights to protect our intellectual property andproprietary rights and if these rights are impaired, then our ability to generate revenue and our competitive position may be harmed.If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights adequately, our competitors might gain access to our technology, and our business might be harmed.In addition, defending our intellectual property rights might entail significant expense. Any of our trademarks or other intellectual property rights may bechallenged by others or invalidated through administrative process or litigation. While we have some U.S. patents and pending U.S. patent applications, wemay be unable to obtain patent protection for the technology covered in our patent applications. In addition, our existing patents and any patents issued inthe future may not provide us with competitive advantages, or may be successfully challenged by third parties. Furthermore, legal standards relating to thevalidity, enforceability and scope of protection of intellectual property rights are uncertain. Effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protectionmay not be available to us in every country in which our service is available. The laws of some foreign countries may not be as protective of intellectualproperty rights as those in the U.S., and mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights may be inadequate. Accordingly, despite our efforts, wemay be unable to prevent third parties from infringing upon or misappropriating our intellectual property. In addition, some of our operating subsidiaries mayuse trademarks which have not be registered and may be more difficult to protect.We might be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights. We may initiate claims or litigation againstthird parties for infringement of our proprietary rights or to establish the validity of our proprietary rights. Any litigation, whether or not it is resolved in ourfavor, could result in significant expense to us and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel.Our operations could be impacted by events outside of our control.In the event of a disaster such as a natural catastrophe, an industrial accident, a blackout, a computer virus, a terrorist attack or war, our operations may besuspended or our computer systems may be inaccessible to our employees, customers, or business partners for an extended period of time. Even if ouremployees are able to report to work, they may be unable to perform their duties for an extended period of time if our facilities, data or systems are disabled ordestroyed.Risks Related to American Natural GasAutomobile and engine manufacturers currently produce few originally manufactured natural gas vehicles and engines for the markets in which ANGparticipates, which may adversely impact the adoption of CNG as a vehicle fuel.Limited availability of natural gas vehicles and engine sizes of such vehicles restricts their wide scale introduction and narrows the potential customerbase. This, in turn, has a limiting effect on the results of operations. Due to the limited supply of natural gas vehicles, ANG’s ability to promote certain of theservices contemplated by ANG’s business plan may be restricted, even if there is demand.31Table of ContentsANG’s growth depends in part on environmental regulations and programs mandating the use of cleaner burning fuels, and modification or repeal of theseregulations may adversely impact ANG’s business.ANG’s contemplated business depends in part on environmental regulations and programs in the United States that promote or mandate the use ofcleaner burning fuels, including natural gas for vehicles. Industry participants with a vested interest in gasoline and diesel, many of which have substantiallygreater resources than ANG does, invest significant time and money in an effort to influence environmental regulations in ways that delay or repealrequirements for cleaner vehicle emissions. Further, economic difficulties may result in the delay, amendment or waiver of environmental regulations due tothe perception that they impose increased costs on the transportation industry that cannot be absorbed in a challenging economy. Further, the delay, repeal ormodification of federal or state regulations or programs that encourage the use of cleaner vehicles could also have a detrimental effect on the United Statesnatural gas vehicle industry, which, in turn, could slow the implementation of ANG’s business plan. The use of natural gas as a vehicle fuel may not become sufficiently accepted for ANG to implement its business plan based upon the public debate overthe development of domestic natural gas resources or otherwise. Whether ANG will be able to implement its business plan will depend on a number of factors,including the level of acceptance and availability of natural gas vehicles and acceptance of ANG’s services. A decline in oil, diesel fuel and gasoline pricesmay result in decreased interest in alternative fuels like CNG. Further, potential customers may not find ANG’s services acceptable.ANG faces intense competition from oil and gas companies, retail fuel providers, industrial gas companies, natural gas utilities, and other organizationsthat have far greater resources and brand awareness than ANG has.A significant number of established businesses, including oil and gas companies, natural gas utilities, industrial gas companies, station owners and otherorganizations have entered or are planning to enter the natural gas fuels market. Many of these current and potential competitors have substantially greaterfinancial, marketing, research and other resources than ANG has. Natural gas utilities continue to own and operate natural gas fueling stations. Utilities inMichigan, Illinois, New Jersey, North Carolina and Georgia have also recently made efforts to invest in the natural gas vehicle fuel space. ANG expectscompetition to intensify in the near term in the market for natural gas vehicle fuel as the use of natural gas vehicles and the demand for natural gas vehiclefuel increases. Increased competition will lead to amplified pricing pressure, reduced operating margins and fewer expansion opportunities. ANG’s failure tocompete successfully would adversely affect ANG’s business and financial results, even if ANG is successful in implementing its business plan.The infrastructure to support gasoline and diesel consumption is vastly more developed than the infrastructure for natural gas vehicle fuels.Gasoline and diesel fueling stations and service infrastructure are widely available in the United States. For natural gas vehicle fuels to achieve morewidespread use in the United States, they will require a promotional and educational effort and the development and supply of more natural gas vehicles andfueling stations. This will require significant continued effort by us, as well as government and clean air groups, and ANG may face resistance from oilcompanies and other vehicle fuel companies.Natural gas fueling operations and vehicle conversions entail inherent safety and environmental risks that may result in substantial liability to us.Natural gas fueling operations and vehicle conversions entail inherent risks, including equipment defects, malfunctions and failures and naturaldisasters, which could result in uncontrollable flows of natural gas, fires, explosions and other damages. Additionally, CNG fuel tanks, if damaged orimproperly maintained, may rupture and the contents of the tank may rapidly decompress and result in death or injury. These risks may expose us to liabilityfor personal injury, wrongful death, property damage, pollution and other environmental damage. ANG may incur substantial liability and cost if damages arenot covered by insurance or are in excess of policy limits.A successful implementation of ANG’s business plan will subject ANG to a variety of governmental regulations that may restrict ANG’s business and mayresult in costs and penalties.A successful implementation of ANG’s business plan will subject us to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to theenvironment, health and safety, labor and employment and taxation, among others. These laws and regulations are complex, change frequently and havetended to become more stringent over time. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in a variety of administrative, civil and criminalenforcement measures, including assessment of monetary penalties and the imposition of remedial requirements. From time to time, as part of the regularoverall evaluation of ANG’s operations, including newly acquired operations, ANG may be subject to compliance audits by regulatory authorities.32Table of ContentsRisks Related to the Insurance Companies’ businessOur acquisition of the Insurance Companies is subject to certain post-closing adjustments.In December 2015, pursuant to the terms of an amended and restated stock purchase agreement (the “SPA”) between us and Great American FinancialResources, Inc. (“Great American”) and Continental General Corp. (“CGC,” and together with Great American, the “Sellers of the Insurance Companies”), wepurchased all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Insurance Companies, as well as all assets owned by the Sellers of the InsuranceCompanies or their affiliates that are used exclusively or primarily in the business of the Insurance Companies, subject to certain exceptions. The InsuranceCompanies are providers of long-term care and life insurance policies and annuity contracts. Consideration associated with the purchase remains subject tofurther post-closing adjustments, primarily related to the balance sheets of each of the Insurance Companies as of the closing date.If the Insurance Companies are unable to retain, attract and motivate qualified employees, their results of operations and financial condition may beadversely impacted and they may incur additional costs to recruit replacement and additional personnel.CIG is highly dependent on its senior management team and other key personnel for the operation and development of its business. CIG faces intensecompetition in retaining and attracting key employees including actuarial, finance, legal, risk, compliance and other professionals.The Insurance Companies comprise the core of our new insurance business segment, CIG. CIG will retain key personnel which we believe are necessaryfor the success of the business. As we do not currently have substantial insurance company holdings, we also expect that CIG will add headcount as it fills outits platform to handle aspects of the business that are currently under its transition services agreement with the Sellers of the Insurance Companies (the“Transition Services Agreement”).Because the insurance industry is highly regulated and requires specific skills, these arrangements are important to the continued operation of theInsurance Companies and the successful implementation of the acquisition of the Insurance Companies. Services covered under the Transition ServicesAgreement include various support functions needed for the continuation of the business as CIG transitions to a fully standalone platform; such servicesinclude certain IT functions, investment management, finance and accounting.Any failure to attract and retain key members of CIG’s management team or other key personnel going forward could have a material adverse effect onCIG’s business, financial condition and results of operations.The amount of statutory capital that CIG’s insurance subsidiaries have and the amount of statutory capital that they must hold to maintain their financialstrength and meet other requirements can vary significantly from time to time and is sensitive to a number of factors outside of CIG’s control.CIG’s insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulations that provide minimum capitalization requirements based on risk-based capital (“RBC”) formulasfor life and health insurance companies. The RBC formula for life and health insurance companies establishes capital requirements relating to insurance,business, asset, interest rate, and certain other risks.In any particular year, statutory surplus amounts and RBC ratios may increase or decrease depending on a variety of factors, including the following: theamount of statutory income or losses generated by CIG’s insurance subsidiaries (which are sensitive to equity market and credit market conditions), theamount of additional capital CIG’s insurance subsidiaries must hold to support business growth, changes in reserve requirements applicable to CIG’sinsurance subsidiaries, CIG’s ability to secure capital market solutions to provide reserve relief, changes in equity market levels, the value of certain fixed-income and equity securities in its investment portfolio, the credit ratings of investments held in its portfolio, changes in interest rates, credit marketvolatility, changes in consumer behavior, as well as changes to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners’ (“NAIC”) RBC formula. Many of thesefactors are outside of CIG’s control. The financial strength of CIG’s insurance subsidiaries are significantly influenced by their statutory surplus amounts andcapital adequacy ratios.Additionally, in connection with the consummation of the acquisition, the Company has agreed with the Ohio Department of Insurance (“ODOI”) that,for five years following the closing of the transaction, it will contribute to CGI cash or marketable securities acceptable to the ODOI to the extent required forCGI’s total adjusted capital to be not less than 400% of CGI’s authorized control level risk-based capital (each as defined under Ohio law and reported inCGI’s statutory statements filed with the ODOI). Similarly, the Company has agreed with the Texas Department of Insurance (“TDOI”) that, for five yearsfollowing the closing of the transaction, it will contribute to UTA cash or other admitted assets acceptable to the TDOI to the extent required for UTA’s totaladjusted capital to be not less than 400% of UTA’s authorized control level risk-based capital (each as defined under Texas law and reported in UTA’sstatutory statements filed with the TDOI).33Table of ContentsCIG’s results and financial condition may be negatively affected should actual performance differ from management’s assumptions and estimates.CIG makes certain assumptions and estimates regarding mortality, morbidity (i.e., frequency and severity of claims, including claim termination rates andbenefit utilization rates), health care experience (including type of care and cost of care), persistency (i.e., the probability that a policy or contract will remainin-force from one period to the next), future premium increases, expenses, interest rates, tax liability, business mix, frequency of claims, contingent liabilities,investment performance and other factors related to its business and anticipated results. The long-term profitability of CIG’s insurance products dependsupon how CIG’s actual experience compares with its pricing and valuation assumptions. For example, if morbidity rates are higher than underlying pricingassumptions, CIG could be required to make greater payments under its long-term care insurance policies than currently projected, and such amounts couldbe significant. Likewise, if mortality rates are lower than CIG’s pricing assumptions, CIG could be required to make greater payments and thus establishadditional reserves under both its long-term care insurance policies and annuity contracts and such amounts could be significant. Conversely, if mortalityrates are higher than CIG’s pricing and valuation assumptions, CIG could be required to make greater payments under its life insurance policies thancurrently projected.The above-described assumptions and estimates incorporate assumptions about many factors, none of which can be predicted with certainty. CIG’s actualexperiences, as well as changes in estimates, are used to prepare CIG’s consolidated statements of operations. To the extent CIG’s actual experience andchanges in estimates differ from original estimates, CIG’s business, operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected.The calculations CIG uses to estimate various components of its balance sheet and consolidated statements of operations are necessarily complex andinvolve analyzing and interpreting large quantities of data. CIG currently employs various techniques for such calculations including engaging third partystudies and from time to time will develop and implement more sophisticated administrative systems and procedures capable of facilitating the calculation ofmore precise estimates. However, assumptions and estimates involve judgment, and by their nature are imprecise and subject to changes and revisions overtime. Accordingly, CIG’s results may be adversely affected from time to time, by actual results differing from assumptions, by changes in estimates, and bychanges resulting from implementing more sophisticated administrative systems and procedures that facilitate the calculation of more precise estimates.If CIG’s reserves for future policy claims are inadequate as a result of deviations from management’s assumptions and estimates or other reasons, CIG maybe required to increase reserves, which could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations and financial condition.CIG calculates and maintains reserves for estimated future payments of claims to policyholders and contract holders in accordance with U.S. GAAP andstatutory accounting practices. These reserves are released as those future obligations are paid, experience changes or policies lapse. The reserves reflectestimates and actuarial assumptions with regard to future experience. These estimates and actuarial assumptions involve the exercise of significant judgment.CIG’s future financial results depend significantly on the extent to which actual future experience is consistent with the assumptions and methodologies usedin pricing CIG’s insurance products and calculating reserves. Small changes in assumptions or small deviations of actual experience from assumptions canhave material impacts on reserves, results of operations and financial condition.Because these factors are not known in advance and have the potential to change over time, they are difficult to accurately predict and are inherentlyuncertain, CIG cannot determine with precision the ultimate amounts it will pay for actual claims or the timing of those payments. In addition, CIG includesassumptions for anticipated (but not yet filed) future premium rate increases in its determination of loss recognition testing of long-term care insurancereserves under U.S. GAAP and asset adequacy testing of statutory long-term care insurance reserves. CIG may not be able to realize these anticipated results inthe future as a result of its inability to obtain required regulatory approvals or other factors. In this event, CIG would have to increase its long-term careinsurance reserves by amounts that could be material. Moreover, CIG may not be able to mitigate the impact of unexpected adverse experience by increasingpremiums and/or other charges to policyholders (when it has the right to do so) or alternatively by reducing benefits.The risk that CIG’s claims experience may differ significantly from its pricing assumptions is significant for its long-term care insurance products. Long-term care insurance policies provide for long-duration coverage and, therefore, actual claims experience will emerge over many years after pricing andlocked-in valuation assumptions have been established. For example, changes in the economy, socio-demographics, behavioral trends (e.g., location of careand level of benefit use) and medical advances, among other factors, may have a material adverse impact on future loss trends. Moreover, long-term careinsurance does not have as extensive of claims experience history of life insurance, and as a result, CIG’s ability to forecast future claim costs for long-termcare insurance is more limited than for life insurance.34Table of ContentsFor long-duration contracts (such as long-term care policies), loss recognition occurs when, based on current expectations as of the measurement date, theexisting contract liabilities plus the present value of future premiums (including reasonably expected rate increases), are not expected to cover the presentvalue of future claims payments, related settlement and maintenance costs, and unamortized acquisition costs. CIG regularly reviews its reserves andassociated assumptions as part of its ongoing assessment of business performance and risks. If CIG concludes that its reserves are insufficient to cover actualor expected policy and contract benefits and claim payments as a result of changes in experience, assumptions or otherwise, CIG would be required toincrease its reserves and incur charges in the period in which such determination is made. The amounts of such increases may be significant and this couldmaterially adversely affect CIG’s results of operations and financial condition and may require additional capital in CIG’s businesses.Insurers that have issued or reinsured long-term care insurance policies have recognized, and may recognize in the future, substantial losses in order tostrengthen reserves for liabilities to policyholders in respect of such policies. Such losses may be due to the effect of changes in assumptions of futureinvestment yields, changes in claims, expense, persistency assumptions or other factors. CIG is subject to similar risks that adverse changes in any of itsreserve assumptions in future periods could result in additional loss recognition in respect of its business.CIG’s inability to increase premiums on in-force long-term care insurance policies by sufficient amounts or in a timely manner may adversely affect CIG’sresults of operations and financial condition.The success of CIG’s strategy for its run-off long-term care insurance business assumes CIG’s ability to obtain significant price increases, as warrantedand actuarially justified based on its experience on its in-force block of long-term care insurance policies. The adequacy of CIG’s current long-term careinsurance reserves also depends significantly on this assumption and CIG’s ability to successfully execute its in-force management plan through increasedpremiums as anticipated.Although the terms of CIG’s long-term care insurance policies permit CIG to increase premiums during the premium-paying period, these increasesgenerally require regulatory approval, which often have long lead times to obtain and may not be obtained in all relevant jurisdictions or for the full amountsrequested. In addition, some states are considering adopting long-term care insurance rate increase legislation, which would further limit increases in long-term care insurance premium rates, beyond the rate stability legislation previously adopted in certain states.Such long-term care insurance rate increase legislation would adversely impact CIG’s ability to achieve anticipated rate increases. CIG can neitherpredict how policyholders, competitors and regulators may react to any rate increases; nor, whether regulators will approve regulated rate increases. If CIG isnot able to increase rates to the extent it currently anticipates, CIG may be required to establish additional reserves and make greater payments under long-term care insurance policies than it currently projects.CIG is highly regulated and subject to numerous legal restrictions and regulations.CGI conducts its business throughout the United States, excluding New York State, and UTA conducts its business throughout the United States,excluding New York, New Hampshire and Vermont. Both CGI and UTA are subject to government regulation in each of the states in which it conductsbusiness. Such regulation is vested in state agencies having broad administrative, and in some instances discretionary, authority with respect to many aspectsof CIG’s business, which may include, among other things, premium rates and increases thereto, privacy, claims denial practices, policy forms, reinsurancereserve requirements, acquisitions, mergers, and capital adequacy, and is concerned primarily with the protection of policyholders and other customers ratherthan shareowners. At any given time, a number of financial and/or market conduct examinations of CIG and its insurance subsidiaries may be ongoing. Fromtime to time, regulators raise issues during examinations or audits of CIG and its insurance subsidiaries that could, if determined adversely, have a materialimpact on CIG.Under insurance guaranty fund laws in most states, insurance companies doing business therein can be assessed up to prescribed limits for policyholderlosses incurred by insolvent companies. CIG cannot predict the amount or timing of any such future assessments.Although CIG’s business is subject to regulation in each state in which it conducts business, in many instances the state regulatory models emanate fromthe NAIC. State insurance regulators and the NAIC regularly re-examine existing laws and regulations applicable to insurance companies and their products.Changes in these laws and regulations, or in interpretations thereof, are often made for the benefit of the consumer and at the expense of the insurer and, thus,could have a material adverse effect on CIG’s business, operations and financial condition.35Table of ContentsCIG is also subject to the risk that compliance with any particular regulator’s interpretation of a legal or accounting issue may not result in compliancewith another regulator’s interpretation of the same issue, particularly when compliance is judged in hindsight. There is further risk that any particularregulator’s interpretation of a legal or accounting issue may change over time to CIG’s detriment, or that changes to the overall legal or market environment,even absent any change of interpretation by a particular regulator, may cause CIG to change its views regarding the actions it should take from a legal riskmanagement perspective, which could necessitate changes to CIG’s practices that may, in some cases, limit its ability to grow and improve profitability.Some of the NAIC pronouncements, particularly as they affect accounting issues, take effect automatically in the various states without affirmativeaction by the states. Statutes, regulations, and interpretations may be applied with retroactive impact, particularly in areas such as accounting and reserverequirements.At the federal level, bills are routinely introduced in both chambers of the U.S. Congress which could affect life insurers. In the past, Congress hasconsidered legislation that would impact insurance companies in numerous ways, such as providing for an optional federal charter for insurance companies ora federal presence in insurance regulation, pre-empting state law in certain respects regarding the regulation of reinsurance, increasing federal oversight inareas such as consumer protection and solvency regulation, and other matters. CIG cannot predict whether, or in what form, reforms will be enacted and, if so, whether the enacted reforms will positively or negatively affect CIG orwhether these effects will be material.Other types of regulation that could affect CIG include insurance company investment laws and regulations, state statutory accounting practices,antitrust laws, minimum solvency requirements, federal privacy laws, insurable interest laws, federal anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism laws. CIGcannot predict what form any future changes in these or other areas of regulation affecting the insurance industry might take or what effect, if any, suchproposals might have on CIG if enacted into law.CIG’s reinsurers could fail to meet assumed obligations or be subject to adverse developments that could materially adversely affect CIG’s business,financial condition and results of operations.CIG, through its insurance subsidiaries, cedes material amounts of insurance and transfers related assets and certain liabilities to other insurancecompanies through reinsurance. However, notwithstanding the transfer of related assets and certain liabilities, CIG remains liable with respect to cededinsurance should any reinsurer fail to meet the obligations it has assumed. Accordingly, CIG bears credit risk with respect to its reinsurers. CIG, throughreinsurance to its insurance subsidiaries, currently faces material reinsurance obligations to Loyal American Life Insurance Company (“Loyal”) (rated A- byA.M. Best), Hannover Life Reassurance Company (“Hannover”) (rated A+ by A.M. Best) and GALIC (rated A by A.M. Best). The failure, insolvency, inabilityor unwillingness of a reinsurer, including Loyal, Hannover or GALIC, to pay under the terms of its reinsurance agreement with CIG could materiallyadversely affect CIG’s business, financial condition and results of operations.Reinsurers are currently facing many challenges regarding illiquid credit or capital markets, investment downgrades, rating agency downgrades,deterioration of general economic conditions and other factors negatively impacting the financial services industry generally. If such events cause a reinsurerto fail to meet its obligations, CIG’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.CIG’s financial condition or results of operations could be adversely impacted if its assumptions regarding the fair value and future performance of itsinvestments differ from actual experience.CIG makes assumptions regarding the fair value and expected future performance of its investments. For example, CIG expects that its investments inresidential and commercial mortgage-backed securities will continue to perform in accordance with their contractual terms, based on assumptions that CIGbelieves are industry standard and those that a reasonable market participant would use in determining the current fair value and the performance of theunderlying assets. It is possible that the underlying collateral of these investments will perform more poorly than current market expectations and that suchreduced performance may lead to adverse changes in the cash flows on CIG’s holdings of these types of securities. This could lead to potential future other-than-temporary impairments within CIG’s portfolio of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities.In addition, expectations that CIG’s investments in corporate securities and/or debt obligations will continue to perform in accordance with theircontractual terms are based on evidence gathered through its normal credit surveillance process. It is possible that issuers of the corporate securities in whichCIG has invested will perform more poorly than current expectations. Such events may lead CIG to recognize potential future other-than-temporaryimpairments within its portfolio of corporate securities. It is also possible that such unanticipated events would lead CIG to dispose of certain of thoseholdings and recognize the effects of any36Table of Contentsmarket movements in its financial statements. Furthermore, actual values may differ from CIG’s assumptions. Such events could result in a material change inthe value of CIG’s investments, business, operations and financial condition.Interest rate fluctuations and withdrawal demands in excess of assumptions could negatively affect CIG’s business, financial condition and results ofoperations.CIG’s business is sensitive to interest rate fluctuations, volatility and the low interest rate environment. For the past several years interest rates havetrended downwards to historically low levels. In order to meet policy and contractual obligations, CIG must earn a sufficient return on invested assets. Aprolonged period of historically low rates or significant changes in interest rates could expose CIG to the risk of not achieving sufficient return on investedassets by not achieving anticipated interest earnings, or of not earning anticipated spreads between the interest rate earned on investments and the creditedinterest rates paid on outstanding policies and contracts.Additionally, a prolonged period of low interest rates in the future may lengthen liability maturity, thus increasing the need for a re-investment of assetsat yields that are below the amounts required to support guarantee features of outstanding contracts.Both rising and declining interest rates can negatively affect CIG’s interest earnings and spread income (the difference between the returns CIG earns onits investments and the amounts that it must credit to policyholders and contract holders). While CIG develops and maintains asset liability management(“ALM”) programs and procedures designed to mitigate the effect on interest earnings and spread income in rising or falling interest rate environments, noassurance can be given that changes in interest rates will not materially adversely affect its business, financial condition and results of operations.An extended period of declining interest rates or a prolonged period of low interest rates may cause CIG to change its long-term view of the interest ratesthat CIG can earn on its investments. Such a change would cause CIG to change the long-term interest rate that it assumes in its calculation of insuranceassets and liabilities under U.S. GAAP. This revision would result in increased reserves and other unfavorable consequences. In addition, while the amount ofstatutory reserves is not directly affected by changes in interest rates, additional statutory reserves may be required as the result of an asset adequacy analysis,which is altered by rising or falling interest rates and widening credit spreads.CIG is subject to financial disintermediation risks in rising interest rate environments.CIG’s insurance subsidiaries offer certain products that allow policyholders to withdraw their funds under defined circumstances. In order to meet suchfunding obligations, CIG manages its liabilities and configure its investment portfolios so as to provide and maintain sufficient liquidity to support expectedwithdrawal demands and contract benefits and maturities. However, in order to provide necessary long-term returns, a certain portion of its assets arerelatively illiquid. There can be no assurance that actual withdrawal demands will match its estimated withdrawal demands.As interest rates increase, CIG is exposed to the risk of financial disintermediation through a potential increase in the number of withdrawals.Disintermediation risk refers to the risk that policyholders may surrender their contracts in a rising interest rate environment, requiring CIG to liquidate assetsin an unrealized loss position. If CIG experiences unexpected withdrawal activity, whether as a result of financial strength downgrades or otherwise, it couldexhaust its liquid assets and be forced to liquidate other assets, possibly at a loss or on other unfavorable terms, which could have a material adverse effect onCIG’s business, financial condition and results of operations.Additionally, CIG may experience spread compression, and a loss of anticipated earnings, if credited interest rates are increased on renewing contracts inan effort to decrease or manage withdrawal activity.CIG’s investments are subject to market, credit, legal and regulatory risks that could be heightened during periods of extreme volatility or disruption infinancial and credit markets.CIG’s invested assets are subject to risks of credit defaults and changes in market values. Periods of extreme volatility or disruption in the financial andcredit markets could increase these risks. Underlying factors relating to volatility affecting the financial and credit markets could lead to other-than-temporary impairments of assets in CIG’s investment portfolio.The value of CIG’s mortgage-backed investments depends in part on the financial condition of the borrowers and tenants for the properties underlyingthose investments, as well as general and specific circumstances affecting the overall default rate. Significant continued financial and credit market volatility, changes in interest rates, credit spreads, credit defaults, real estate values, market illiquidity,declines in equity prices, acts of corporate malfeasance, ratings downgrades of the issuers or guarantors37Table of Contentsof these investments, and declines in general economic conditions, either alone or in combination, could have a material adverse impact on CIG’s results ofoperations, financial condition, or cash flows through realized losses, other-than-temporary impairments, changes in unrealized loss positions, and increaseddemands on capital. In addition, market volatility can make it difficult for CIG to value certain of its assets, especially if trading becomes less frequent.Valuations may include assumptions or estimates that may have significant period-to-period changes that could have an adverse impact on CIG’s results ofoperations or financial condition.Credit market volatility or disruption could adversely impact CIG’s investment portfolio.Significant volatility or disruption in credit markets could have a material adverse effect on CIG’s investment portfolio, and, as a result, CIG’s business,financial condition and results of operations. Changes in interest rates and credit spreads could cause market price and cash flow variability in the fixedincome instruments in CIG’s investment portfolio. Significant volatility and lack of liquidity in the credit markets could cause issuers of the fixed-incomesecurities in CIG’s investment portfolio to default on either principal or interest payments on these securities. Additionally, market price valuations may notaccurately reflect the underlying expected cash flows of securities within CIG’s investment portfolio.Concentration of CIG’s investment portfolio in any particular economic sector or asset type may increase CIG’s exposure to risk if that area ofconcentration experiences events that cause underperformance.CIG’s investment portfolio may be concentrated in areas, such as particular industries, groups of related industries, asset classes or geographic areas thatexperience events that cause underperformance of the investments. While CIG seeks to mitigate this risk through portfolio diversification, if CIG’sinvestment portfolio is concentrated in any areas that experience negative events or developments, the impact of those negative events may have adisproportionate effect on CIG’s portfolio, which may have an adverse effect on the performance of the CIG’s investment portfolio.CIG may be required to increase its valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets, which could materially adversely affect CIG’s capital position,business, operations and financial condition.Deferred tax assets refer to assets that are attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilitiesand their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets, in essence, represent future savings of taxes that would otherwise be paid in cash. The realization of thedeferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient future taxable income, including capital gains. If it is determined that the deferred tax assetscannot be realized, a deferred tax valuation allowance must be established, with a corresponding charge to net income.If future events differ from CIG’s current forecasts, the valuation allowance may need to be increased from the current amount, which could have amaterial adverse effect on CIG’s capital position, business, operations and financial condition.Financial services companies are frequently the targets of litigation, including class action litigation, which could result in substantial judgments.CIG operates in an industry in which various practices are subject to scrutiny and potential litigation, including class actions. Civil jury verdicts havebeen returned against insurers and other financial services companies involving sales, underwriting practices, product design, product disclosure,administration, denial or delay of benefits, charging excessive or impermissible fees, recommending unsuitable products to customers, breaching fiduciary orother duties to customers, refund or claims practices, alleged agent misconduct, failure to properly supervise representatives, relationships with agents orother persons with whom the insurer does business, payment of sales or other contingent commissions, and other matters. Such lawsuits can result in theaward of substantial judgments that are disproportionate to the actual damages, including material amounts of punitive or non-economic compensatorydamages. In some states, juries, judges, and arbitrators have substantial discretion in awarding punitive and non-economic compensatory damages, whichcreates the potential for unpredictable material adverse judgments or awards in any given lawsuit or arbitration. Arbitration awards are subject to very limitedappellate review. In addition, in some class action and other lawsuits, financial services companies have made material settlement payments.Companies in the financial services industry are sometimes the target of law enforcement investigations and the focus of increased regulatory scrutiny.The financial services industry, including insurance companies, is sometimes the target of law enforcement and regulatory investigations relating to thenumerous laws and regulations that govern such companies. Some financial services companies have been the subject of law enforcement or other actionsresulting from such investigations. Resulting publicity about one company may generate inquiries into or litigation against other financial servicescompanies, even those who do not engage in the business38Table of Contentslines or practices at issue in the original action. It is impossible to predict the outcome of such investigations or actions, whether they will expand into otherareas not yet contemplated, whether they will result in changes in insurance regulation, whether activities currently thought to be lawful will be characterizedas unlawful, or the impact, if any, of such scrutiny on the financial services and insurance industry or CIG.CIG is dependent on the performance of others under the Transition Services Agreement and on an ongoing basis as part of its business.CIG is dependent on the performance of third parties as part of its business. In the near term, CIG will depend on the Sellers of the Insurance Companies,under the Transition Services Agreement, for the performance of certain transitional services and administrative services with respect to the life insurance,annuity and long-term care business of CIG’s insurance subsidiaries.In addition, various other third parties provide services to CIG or are otherwise involved in CIG’s business operations, on an ongoing basis. For example,CIG’s operations are dependent on various technologies, some of which are provided and/or maintained by certain key outsourcing partners and other parties.Any failure by any of the Sellers of the Insurance Companies or such other third party providers to provide such services, could have a material adverseeffect on CIG’s business or financial results.CIG also depends on other parties that may default on their obligations to CIG due to bankruptcy, insolvency, lack of liquidity, adverse economicconditions, operational failure, fraud, or other reasons. Such defaults could have a material adverse effect on CIG’s financial condition and results ofoperations. In addition, certain of these other parties may act, or be deemed to act, on behalf of CIG or represent CIG in various capacities. Consequently, CIGmay be held responsible for obligations that arise from the acts or omissions of these other parties.If CIG does not maintain an effective outsourcing strategy or third-party providers do not perform as contracted, CIG may experience operationaldifficulties, increased costs and a loss of business that could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations. In addition, CIG’s reliance on third-party service providers that it does not control does not relieve CIG of its responsibilities and requirements. Any failure or negligence by such third-partyservice providers in carrying out their contractual duties may result in CIG becoming liable to parties who are harmed and may result in litigation. Anylitigation relating to such matters could be costly, expensive and time-consuming, and the outcome of any such litigation may be uncertain. Moreover, anyadverse publicity arising from such litigation, even if the litigation is not successful, could adversely affect the reputation and sales of CIG and its products.The occurrence of computer viruses, network security breaches, cyber-attacks, data corruption, or other unanticipated events could affect the dataprocessing systems of CIG or its business partners and could damage CIG’s business.CIG retains confidential information in its computer systems, and relies on sophisticated commercial technologies to maintain the security of thosesystems. Despite CIG’s implementation of network security measures, its servers could be subject to physical and electronic break-ins, and similar disruptionsfrom unauthorized tampering with its computer systems. Anyone who is able to circumvent CIG’s security measures and penetrate CIG’s computer systemscould access, view, misappropriate, alter, or delete any information in the systems, including personally identifiable customer information and proprietarybusiness information. In addition, an increasing number of states require that customers be notified of unauthorized access, use, or disclosure of theirinformation. Any compromise of the security of CIG’s computer systems that results in inappropriate access, use, or disclosure of personally identifiablecustomer information could damage CIG’s reputation in the marketplace, subject CIG to significant civil and criminal liability, and require CIG to incursignificant technical, legal, and other expenses.CIG’s insurance subsidiaries’ ability to grow depends in large part upon the continued availability of capital.CIG’s long-term strategic capital requirements will depend on many factors, including acquisition activity, CIG’s ability to manage the run-off of in-force insurance business, CIG’s accumulated statutory earnings and the relationship between the statutory capital and surplus of CIG’s insurance subsidiariesand various elements of required capital. To support its capital requirements and/or finance future acquisitions, CIG may need to increase or maintainstatutory capital and surplus through financings, which could include debt or equity financing arrangements and/or other surplus relief transactions. Adversemarket conditions have affected and continue to affect the availability and cost of capital from external sources. We are not obligated to, and may choose notto or be unable to, provide financing or make any future capital contribution to CIG’s insurance subsidiaries. Consequently, financing, if available at all, maybe available only on terms that are not favorable to CIG.39Table of ContentsNew accounting rules, changes to existing accounting rules, or the grant of permitted accounting practices to competitors could negatively impact CIG.CIG is required to comply with US GAAP. A number of organizations are instrumental in the development and interpretation of US GAAP such as theSEC, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. US GAAP is subject to constant review by theseorganizations and others in an effort to address emerging accounting rules and issue interpretative accounting guidance on a continual basis. CIG can give noassurance that future changes to US GAAP will not have a negative impact on CIG.The application of US GAAP to insurance businesses and investment portfolios, like CIG's, involves a significant level of complexity and requires anumber of factors and judgments. US GAAP includes the requirement to carry certain investments and insurance liabilities at fair value. These fair values aresensitive to various factors including, but not limited to, interest rate movements, credit spreads, and various other factors. Because of this, changes in thesefair values may cause increased levels of volatility in CIG’s financial statements.In addition, CIG’s insurance subsidiaries are required to comply with statutory accounting principles (“SAP”). SAP and various components of SAP (suchas actuarial reserving methodology) are subject to ongoing review by the NAIC and its task forces and committees as well as state insurance departments inan effort to address emerging issues and otherwise improve financial reporting. Various proposals are currently or have previously been pending beforecommittees and task forces of the NAIC, some of which, if enacted, would negatively affect CIG. The NAIC is also currently working to reform stateregulation in various areas, including comprehensive reforms relating to life insurance reserves and the accounting for such reserves. CIG cannot predictwhether or in what form reforms will be enacted and, if so, whether the enacted reforms will positively or negatively affect CIG. In addition, the NAICAccounting Practices and Procedures manual provides that state insurance departments may permit insurance companies domiciled therein to depart fromSAP by granting them permitted accounting practices. CIG cannot predict whether or when the insurance departments of the states of domicile of itscompetitors may permit them to utilize advantageous accounting practices that depart from SAP, the use of which is not permitted by the insurancedepartments of the states of domicile of CIG and its insurance subsidiaries. With respect to regulations and guidelines, states sometimes defer to theinterpretation of the insurance department of the state of domicile. Neither the action of the domiciliary state nor action of the NAIC is binding on a state.Accordingly, a state could choose to follow a different interpretation. CIG can give no assurance that future changes to SAP or components of SAP or thegrant of permitted accounting practices to its competitors will not have a negative impact on CIG.CIG is exposed to the risks of natural and man-made catastrophes, pandemics and malicious and terrorist acts that could materially adversely affect CIG’sbusiness, financial condition and results of operations.Natural and man-made catastrophes, pandemics and malicious and terrorist acts present risks that could materially adversely affect CIG’s operations andresults. No assurance can be given that there are not risks that have not been predicted or protected against that could have a material adverse effect on CIG. Anatural or man-made catastrophe, pandemic or malicious or terrorist act could materially adversely affect the mortality or morbidity experience of CIG or itsreinsurers. Claims arising from such events could have a material adverse effect on CIG’s business, operations and financial condition, either directly or as aresult of their effect on its reinsurers or other counterparties. While CIG has taken steps to identify and manage these risks, such risks cannot be predicted withcertainty, nor fully protected against even if anticipated.In addition, such events could result in a decrease or halt in economic activity in large geographic areas, adversely affecting the administration of CIG’sbusiness within such geographic areas and/or the general economic climate, which in turn could have an adverse effect on CIG’s business, operations andfinancial condition. The possible macroeconomic effects of such events could also adversely affect CIG’s asset portfolio.Future acquisition transactions may not be financially beneficial to CIG.In the future, CIG may pursue acquisitions of insurance companies and/or blocks of insurance businesses through merger, stock purchase or reinsurancetransactions or otherwise. Lines of business that may be acquired include but are not limited to, standalone long-term care, life and annuity products, life andannuity products with long-term care and critical illness features, and supplemental health products.There can be no assurance that the performance of the companies or blocks of business acquired will meet CIG’s expectations, or that any of theseacquisitions will be financially advantageous for CIG. The evaluation and negotiation of potential acquisitions, as well as the integration of an acquiredbusiness or portfolio, could result in a substantial diversion of management resources. Acquisitions could involve numerous additional risks such as potentiallosses from unanticipated litigation, levels of claims or40Table of Contentsother liabilities and exposures, an inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition costs and financial exposures in the event that the sellers of theacquired entities or blocks of business are unable or unwilling to meet their indemnification, reinsurance and other obligations to CIG (if any suchobligations are in place).CIG’s ability to manage its growth through acquisitions will depend, in part, on its success in addressing these risks. Any failure to effectively implementCIG’s acquisition strategies could have a material adverse effect on CIG’s business, financial condition or results of operations.CIG may be unable to execute acquisition transactions in accordance with its strategy.The market for acquisitions of life or health insurers and blocks of like businesses is highly competitive, and there can be no assurance that CIG will beable to identify acquisition targets at acceptable valuations, or that any such acquisitions will ultimately achieve projected returns. In addition, insurance is ahighly regulated industry and many acquisition transactions are subject to approval of state insurance regulatory authorities, and therefore involveheightened execution risk.On October 7, 2013, the New York State Department of Financial Services announced that Philip A. Falcone, now our Chairman, President and ChiefExecutive Officer, had committed not to exercise control, within the meaning of New York insurance law, of a New York-licensed insurer for seven years (the“NYDFS Commitment”). Mr. Falcone, who at the time of the NYDFS Commitment was the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of HarbingerGroup Inc. (“HGI”), also committed not to serve as an officer or director of certain insurance company subsidiaries and related subsidiaries of HGI or to beinvolved in any investment decisions made by such subsidiaries, and agreed to recuse himself from participating in any vote of the board of HGI relating tothe election or appointment of officers or directors of such companies. However, it was also noted that in the event compliance with the NYDFS Commitmentproves impracticable, including in the context of merger, acquisition or similar transactions, then the terms of the NYDFS Commitment may be reconsideredand modified or withdrawn to the extent determined to be appropriate by the NYDFS Insurance regulatory authorities may consider the NYDFS Commitmentin the course of a review of any prospective acquisition of an insurance company or block of insurance business by us or CIG, increasing the risk that anysuch transaction may be disapproved, or that regulatory conditions will be applied to the consummation of such an acquisition which may adversely affectthe economic benefits anticipated to be derived by us and/or CIG from such transaction.Risks Related to SchuffSchuff’s business is dependent upon major construction contracts, the unpredictable timing of which may result in significant fluctuations in its cash flowdue to the timing of receipt of payment under such contracts.Schuff’s cash flow is dependent upon obtaining major construction contracts primarily from general contractors and engineering firms responsible forcommercial and industrial construction projects, such as high- and low-rise buildings and office complexes, hotels and casinos, convention centers, sportsarenas, shopping malls, hospitals, dams, bridges, mines and power plants. The timing of or failure to obtain contracts, delays in awards of contracts,cancellations of contracts, delays in completion of contracts, or failure to obtain timely payment from Schuff’s customers, could result in significant periodicfluctuations in cash flows from Schuff’s operations. In addition, many of Schuff’s contracts require it to satisfy specific progress or performance milestones inorder to receive payment from the customer. As a result, Schuff may incur significant costs for engineering, materials, components, equipment, labor orsubcontractors prior to receipt of payment from a customer. Such expenditures could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cashflows or financial condition.The nature of Schuff’s primary contracting terms for its contracts, including fixed-price and cost-plus pricing, could have a material adverse effect onSchuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Schuff’s projects are awarded through a competitive bid process or are obtained through negotiation, in either case generally using one of two types ofcontract pricing approaches: fixed-price or cost-plus pricing. Under fixed-price contracts, Schuff performs its services and executes its projects at anestablished price, subject to adjustment only for change orders approved by the customer, and, as a result, it may benefit from cost savings but be unable torecover any cost overruns. If Schuff does not execute such a contract within cost estimates, it may incur losses or the project may be less profitable thanexpected. Historically, the majority of Schuff’s contracts have been fixed-price arrangements. The revenue, cost and gross profit realized on such contractscan vary, sometimes substantially, from the original projections due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to:•failure to properly estimate costs of materials, including steel and steel components, engineering services, equipment, labor or subcontractors;•costs incurred in connection with modifications to a contract that may be unapproved by the customer as to scope, schedule, and/or price;41Table of Contents•unanticipated technical problems with the structures, equipment or systems we supply;•unanticipated costs or claims, including costs for project modifications, customer-caused delays, errors or changes in specifications or designs, orcontract termination;•changes in the costs of materials, engineering services, equipment, labor or subcontractors;•changes in labor conditions, including the availability and productivity of labor;•productivity and other delays caused by weather conditions;•failure to engage necessary suppliers or subcontractors, or failure of such suppliers or subcontractors to perform;•difficulties in obtaining required governmental permits or approvals;•changes in laws and regulations; and•changes in general economic conditions.Under cost-plus contracts, Schuff receives reimbursement for its direct labor and material cost, plus a specified fee in excess thereof, which is typically afixed rate per hour, an overall fixed fee, or a percentage of total reimbursable costs, up to a maximum amount, which is an arrangement that may protectSchuff against cost overruns. If Schuff is unable to obtain proper reimbursement for all costs incurred due to improper estimates, performance issues, customerdisputes, or any of the additional factors noted above for fixed-price contracts, the project may be less profitable than expected.Generally, Schuff’s contracts and projects vary in length from 1 to 12 months, depending on the size and complexity of the project, project ownerdemands and other factors. The foregoing risks are exacerbated for projects with longer-term durations because there is an increased risk that thecircumstances upon which Schuff based its original estimates will change in a manner that increases costs. In addition, Schuff sometimes bears the risk ofdelays caused by unexpected conditions or events. To the extent there are future cost increases that Schuff cannot recover from its customers, suppliers orsubcontractors, the outcome could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Furthermore, revenue and gross profit from Schuff’s contracts can be affected by contract incentives or penalties that may not be known or finalized untilthe later stages of the contract term. Some of Schuff’s contracts provide for the customer’s review of its accounting and cost control systems to verify thecompleteness and accuracy of the reimbursable costs invoiced. These reviews could result in reductions in reimbursable costs and labor rates previouslybilled to the customer.The cumulative impact of revisions in total cost estimates during the progress of work is reflected in the period in which these changes become known,including, to the extent required, the reversal of profit recognized in prior periods and the recognition of losses expected to be incurred on contracts inprogress. Due to the various estimates inherent in Schuff’s contract accounting, actual results could differ from those estimates.Schuff’s billed and unbilled revenue may be exposed to potential risk if a project is terminated or canceled or if Schuff’s customers encounter financialdifficulties.Schuff’s contracts often require it to satisfy or achieve certain milestones in order to receive payment for the work performed. As a result, under thesetypes of arrangements, Schuff may incur significant costs or perform significant amounts of services prior to receipt of payment. If the ultimate customer doesnot proceed with the completion of the project or if the customer or contractor under which Schuff is a subcontractor defaults on its payment obligations,Schuff may face difficulties in collecting payment of amounts due to it for the costs previously incurred. If Schuff is unable to collect amounts owed to it, thiscould have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Schuff may be exposed to additional risks as it obtains new significant awards and executes its backlog, including greater backlog concentration in fewerprojects, potential cost overruns and increasing requirements for letters of credit, each of which could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results ofoperations, cash flows or financial condition.As Schuff obtains new significant project awards, these projects may use larger sums of working capital than other projects and Schuff’s backlog maybecome concentrated among a smaller number of customers. Approximately $167.8 million, representing 44.1%, of Schuff’s backlog at December 31, 2015was attributable to five contracts, letters of intent, notices to proceed or purchase orders. If any significant projects such as these currently included inSchuff’s backlog or awarded in the future were to have material cost overruns, or be significantly delayed, modified or canceled, Schuff’s results ofoperations, cash flows or financial position could be adversely impacted.42Table of ContentsAdditionally, as Schuff converts its significant projects from backlog into active construction, it may face significantly greater requirements for theprovision of letters of credit or other forms of credit enhancements. We can provide no assurance that Schuff would be able to access such capital and credit asneeded or that it would be able to do so on economically attractive terms. Moreover, Schuff may be unable to replace the projects that it executes in itsbacklog.Schuff may not be able to fully realize the revenue value reported in its backlog, a substantial portion of which is attributable to a relatively small numberof large contracts or other commitments.As of December 31, 2015, Schuff had a backlog of work to be completed of approximately $380.8 million ($252.7 million under contracts or purchaseorders and $128.1 million under letters of intent). Backlog develops as a result of new awards, which represent the revenue value of new project commitmentsreceived by Schuff during a given period, including legally binding commitments without a defined scope. Commitments may be in the form of writtencontracts, letters of intent, notices to proceed and purchase orders. New awards may also include estimated amounts of work to be performed based oncustomer communication and historic experience and knowledge of our customers’ intentions. Backlog consists of projects which have either not yet beenstarted or are in progress but are not yet complete. In the latter case, the revenue value reported in backlog is the remaining value associated with work thathas not yet been completed, which increases or decreases to reflect modifications in the work to be performed under a given commitment. The revenueprojected in Schuff’s backlog may not be realized or, if realized, may not be profitable as a result of poor contract terms or performance.Due to project terminations, suspensions or changes in project scope and schedule, we cannot predict with certainty when or if Schuff’s backlog will beperformed. From time to time, projects are canceled that appeared to have a high certainty of going forward at the time they were recorded as new awards. Inthe event of a project cancellation, Schuff typically has no contractual right to the total revenue reflected in its backlog. Some of the contracts in Schuff’sbacklog provide for cancellation fees or certain reimbursements in the event customers cancel projects. These cancellation fees usually provide forreimbursement of Schuff’s out-of-pocket costs, costs associated with work performed prior to cancellation, and, to varying degrees, a percentage of the profitSchuff would have realized had the contract been completed. Although Schuff may be reimbursed for certain costs, it may be unable to recover all direct costsincurred and may incur additional unrecoverable costs due to the resulting under-utilization of Schuff’s assets. Approximately $167.8 million, representing44.1%, of Schuff’s backlog at December 31, 2015 was attributable to five contracts, letters of intent, notices to proceed or purchase orders. If one or more ofthese large contracts or other commitments are terminated or their scope reduced, Schuff’s backlog could decrease substantially.Schuff’s failure to meet contractual schedule or performance requirements could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cashflows or financial condition.In certain circumstances, Schuff guarantees project completion by a scheduled date or certain performance levels. Failure to meet these schedule orperformance requirements could result in a reduction of revenue and additional costs, and these adjustments could exceed projected profit. Project revenue orprofit could also be reduced by liquidated damages withheld by customers under contractual penalty provisions, which can be substantial and can accrue ona daily basis. Schedule delays can result in costs exceeding our projections for a particular project. Performance problems for existing and future contractscould cause actual results of operations to differ materially from those previously anticipated and could cause us to suffer damage to our reputation withinour industry and our customer base.Schuff’s government contracts may be subject to modification or termination, which could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations,cash flows or financial condition.Schuff is a provider of services to U.S. government agencies and is therefore exposed to risks associated with government contracting. Governmentagencies typically can terminate or modify contracts to which Schuff is a party at their convenience, due to budget constraints or various other reasons. As aresult, Schuff’s backlog may be reduced or it may incur a loss if a government agency decides to terminate or modify a contract to which Schuff is a party.Schuff is also subject to audits, including audits of internal control systems, cost reviews and investigations by government contracting oversight agencies.As a result of an audit, the oversight agency may disallow certain costs or withhold a percentage of interim payments. Cost disallowances may result inadjustments to previously reported revenue and may require Schuff to refund a portion of previously collected amounts. In addition, failure to comply withthe terms of one or more of our government contracts or government regulations and statutes could result in Schuff being suspended or debarred from futuregovernment projects for a significant period of time, possible civil or criminal fines and penalties, the risk of public scrutiny of our performance, andpotential harm to Schuff’s reputation, each of which could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Other remedies that government agencies may seek for improper activities or performance issues include sanctions such as forfeiture of profit and suspensionof payments.43Table of ContentsIn addition to the risks noted above, legislatures typically appropriate funds on a year-by-year basis, while contract performance may take more than oneyear. As a result, contracts with government agencies may be only partially funded or may be terminated, and Schuff may not realize all of the potentialrevenue and profit from those contracts. Appropriations and the timing of payment may be influenced by, among other things, the state of the economy,competing political priorities, curtailments in the use of government contracting firms, budget constraints, the timing and amount of tax receipts and theoverall level of government expenditures.Schuff is exposed to potential risks and uncertainties associated with its reliance on subcontractors and third-party vendors to execute certain projects.Schuff relies on third-party suppliers, especially suppliers of steel and steel components, and subcontractors to assist in the completion of projects. To theextent these parties cannot execute their portion of the work and are unable to deliver their services, equipment or materials according to the agreed-uponcontractual terms, or Schuff cannot engage subcontractors or acquire equipment or materials, Schuff’s ability to complete a project in a timely manner may beimpacted. Furthermore, when bidding or negotiating for contracts, Schuff must make estimates of the amounts these third parties will charge for their services,equipment and materials. If the amount Schuff is required to pay for third-party goods and services in an effort to meet its contractual obligations exceeds theamount it has estimated, Schuff could experience project losses or a reduction in estimated profit.Any increase in the price of, or change in supply and demand for, the steel and steel components that Schuff utilizes to complete projects could have amaterial adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.The prices of the steel and steel components that Schuff utilizes in the course of completing projects are susceptible to price fluctuations due to supplyand demand trends, energy costs, transportation costs, government regulations, duties and tariffs, changes in currency exchange rates, price controls, generaleconomic conditions and other unforeseen circumstances. Although Schuff may attempt to pass on certain of these increased costs to its customers, it may notbe able to pass all of these cost increases on to its customers. As a result, Schuff’s margins may be adversely impacted by such cost increases.Schuff’s dependence on suppliers of steel and steel components makes it vulnerable to a disruption in the supply of its products.Schuff purchases a majority of the steel and steel components utilized in the course of completing projects from several domestic and foreign steelproducers and suppliers. Schuff generally does not have long-term contracts with its suppliers. An adverse change in any of the following could have amaterial adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations or financial condition:•its ability to identify and develop relationships with qualified suppliers;•the terms and conditions upon which it purchases products from its suppliers, including applicable exchange rates, transport costs and other costs,its suppliers’ willingness to extend credit to it to finance its inventory purchases and other factors beyond its control;•financial condition of its suppliers;•political instability in the countries in which its suppliers are located;•its ability to import products;•its suppliers’ noncompliance with applicable laws, trade restrictions and tariffs;•its inability to find replacement suppliers in the event of a deterioration of the relationship with current suppliers; or•its suppliers’ ability to manufacture and deliver products according to its standards of quality on a timely and efficient basis.Intense competition in the markets Schuff serves could reduce Schuff’s market share and earnings.The principal geographic and product markets Schuff serves are highly competitive, and this intense competition is expected to continue. Schuffcompetes with other contractors for commercial, industrial and specialty projects on a local, regional, or national basis. Continued service within thesemarkets requires substantial resources and capital investment in equipment, technology and skilled personnel, and certain of Schuff’s competitors havefinancial and operating resources greater than Schuff. Competition also places downward pressure on Schuff’s contract prices and margins. Among theprincipal competitive factors within the industry are price, timeliness of completion of projects, quality, reputation, and the desire of customers to utilizespecific contractors with whom they have favorable relationships and prior experience. While Schuff believes that it maintains a competitive advantage withrespect to these factors, failure to continue to do so or to meet other competitive challenges could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results ofoperations, cash flows or financial condition.44Table of ContentsSchuff’s customers’ ability to receive the applicable regulatory and environmental approvals for projects and the timeliness of those approvals couldadversely affect Schuff’s business.The regulatory permitting process for Schuff’s projects requires significant investments of time and money by Schuff’s customers and sometimes bySchuff. There are no assurances that Schuff’s customers or Schuff will obtain the necessary permits for these projects. Applications for permits may beopposed by governmental entities, individuals or special interest groups, resulting in delays and possible non-issuance of the permits.Schuff’s failure to obtain or maintain required licenses may adversely affect its business.Schuff is subject to licensure and hold licenses in each of the states in the United States in which it operates and in certain local jurisdictions within suchstates. While we believe that Schuff is in material compliance with all contractor licensing requirements in the various jurisdictions in which it operates, thefailure to obtain, loss of or revocation of any license or the limitation on any of Schuff’s primary services thereunder in any jurisdiction in which it conductssubstantial operations could prevent Schuff from conducting further operations in such jurisdiction and have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results ofoperations, cash flows or financial condition.Volatility in equity and credit markets could adversely impact Schuff due to its impact on the availability of funding for Schuff’s customers, suppliers andsubcontractors.Some of Schuff’s ultimate customers, suppliers and subcontractors have traditionally accessed commercial financing and capital markets to fund theiroperations, and the availability of funding from those sources could be adversely impacted by volatile equity or credit markets. The unavailability offinancing could lead to the delay or cancellation of projects or the inability of such parties to pay Schuff or provide needed products or services and therebyhave a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Schuff’s business may be adversely affected by bonding and letter of credit capacity.Certain of Schuff’s projects require the support of bid and performance surety bonds or letters of credit. A restriction, reduction, or termination of Schuff’ssurety bond agreements or letter of credit facilities could limit its ability to bid on new project opportunities, thereby limiting new awards, or perform underexisting awards.Schuff is vulnerable to significant fluctuations in its liquidity that may vary substantially over time.Schuff’s operations could require the utilization of large sums of working capital, sometimes on short notice and sometimes without assurance ofrecovery of the expenditures. Circumstances or events that could create large cash outflows include losses resulting from fixed-price contracts, environmentalliabilities, litigation risks, contract initiation or completion delays, customer payment problems, professional and product liability claims and otherunexpected costs. There is no guarantee that Schuff’s facilities will be sufficient to meet Schuff’s liquidity needs or that Schuff will be able to maintain suchfacilities or obtain any other sources of liquidity on attractive terms, or at all.Schuff’s projects expose it to potential professional liability, product liability, warranty and other claims.Schuff’s operations are subject to the usual hazards inherent in providing engineering and construction services for the construction of often largecommercial industrial facilities, such as the risk of accidents, fires and explosions. These hazards can cause personal injury and loss of life, businessinterruptions, property damage and pollution and environmental damage. Schuff may be subject to claims as a result of these hazards. In addition, the failureof any of Schuff’s products to conform to customer specifications could result in warranty claims against it for significant replacement or rework costs, whichcould have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Although Schuff generally does not accept liability for consequential damages in its contracts, should it be determined liable, it may not be covered byinsurance or, if covered, the dollar amount of these liabilities may exceed applicable policy limits. Any catastrophic occurrence in excess of insurance limitsat project sites involving Schuff’s products and services could result in significant professional liability, product liability, warranty or other claims againstSchuff. Any damages not covered by insurance, in excess of insurance limits or, if covered by insurance, subject to a high deductible, could result in asignificant loss for Schuff, which may reduce its profits and cash available for operations. These claims could also make it difficult for Schuff to obtainadequate insurance coverage in the future at a reasonable cost. Additionally, customers or subcontractors that have agreed to indemnify Schuff against suchlosses may refuse or be unable to pay Schuff.45Table of ContentsSchuff may experience increased costs and decreased cash flow due to compliance with environmental laws and regulations, liability for contamination ofthe environment or related personal injuries.Schuff is subject to environmental laws and regulations, including those concerning emissions into the air, discharge into waterways, generation, storage,handling, treatment and disposal of waste materials and health and safety.Schuff’s fabrication business often involves working around and with volatile, toxic and hazardous substances and other highly regulated pollutants,substances or wastes, for which the improper characterization, handling or disposal could constitute violations of U.S. federal, state or local laws andregulations and laws of other countries, and result in criminal and civil liabilities. Environmental laws and regulations generally impose limitations andstandards for certain pollutants or waste materials and require Schuff to obtain permits and comply with various other requirements. Governmental authoritiesmay seek to impose fines and penalties on Schuff, or revoke or deny issuance or renewal of operating permits for failure to comply with applicable laws andregulations. Schuff is also exposed to potential liability for personal injury or property damage caused by any release, spill, exposure or other accidentinvolving such pollutants, substances or wastes. In connection with the historical operation of our facilities, substances which currently are or might beconsidered hazardous may have been used or disposed of at some sites in a manner that may require us to make expenditures for remediation.The environmental, health and safety laws and regulations to which Schuff is subject are constantly changing, and it is impossible to predict the impactof such laws and regulations on Schuff in the future. We cannot ensure that Schuff’s operations will continue to comply with future laws and regulations orthat these laws and regulations will not cause Schuff to incur significant costs or adopt more costly methods of operation.Additionally, the adoption and implementation of any new regulations imposing reporting obligations on, or limiting emissions of greenhouse gasesfrom, Schuff’s customers’ equipment and operations could significantly impact demand for Schuff’s services, particularly among its customers for industrialfacilities.Any expenditures in connection with compliance or remediation efforts or significant reductions in demand for Schuff’s services as a result of theadoption of environmental proposals could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Schuff is and will likely continue to be involved in litigation that could have a material adverse effect on Schuff’s results of operations, cash flows orfinancial condition.Schuff has been and may be, from time to time, named as a defendant in legal actions claiming damages in connection with fabrication and otherproducts and services Schuff provides and other matters. These are typically claims that arise in the normal course of business, including employment-relatedclaims and contractual disputes or claims for personal injury or property damage which occur in connection with services performed relating to project orconstruction sites. Contractual disputes normally involve claims relating to the timely completion of projects or other issues concerning fabrication and otherproducts and services Schuff provides. There can be no assurance that any of Schuff’s pending contractual, employment-related personal injury or propertydamage claims and disputes will not have a material effect on Schuff’s future results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.Work stoppages, union negotiations and other labor problems could adversely affect Schuff’s business.A portion of Schuff’s employees are represented by labor unions. A lengthy strike or other work stoppage at any of its facilities could have a materialadverse effect on Schuff’s business. There is inherent risk that ongoing or future negotiations relating to collective bargaining agreements or unionrepresentation may not be favorable to Schuff. From time to time, Schuff also has experienced attempts to unionize its non-union facilities. Such efforts canoften disrupt or delay work and present risk of labor unrest.Schuff’s employees work on projects that are inherently dangerous, and a failure to maintain a safe work site could result in significant losses.Schuff often works on large-scale and complex projects, frequently in geographically remote locations. Such involvement often places Schuff’semployees and others near large equipment, dangerous processes or highly regulated materials. If Schuff or other parties fail to implement appropriate safetyprocedures for which they are responsible or if such procedures fail, Schuff’s employees or others may suffer injuries. In addition to being subject to state andfederal regulations concerning health and safety, many of Schuff’s customers require that it meet certain safety criteria to be eligible to bid on contracts, andsome of Schuff’s contract fees or profits are subject to satisfying safety criteria. Unsafe work conditions also have the potential of increasing employee46Table of Contentsturnover, project costs and operating costs. The failure to comply with safety policies, customer contracts or applicable regulations could subject Schuff tolosses and liability.Risks Related to GMSLGMSL may be unable to maintain or replace its vessels as they age.As of December 31, 2015, the average age of the vessels operated by GMSL was approximately 22 years. The expense of maintaining, repairing andupgrading GMSL’s vessels typically increases with age, and after a period of time the cost necessary to satisfy required marine certification standards may notbe economically justifiable. There can be no assurance that GMSL will be able to maintain its fleet by extending the economic life of its existing vessels, orthat its financial resources will be sufficient to enable it to make the expenditures necessary for these purposes. In addition, the supply of second-handreplacement vessels is relatively limited and the costs associated with acquiring a newly constructed vessel are high. In the event that GMSL was to lose theuse of any of its vessels for a sustained period of time, its financial performance would be adversely affected.The operation and leasing of seagoing vessels entails the possibility of marine disasters including damage or destruction of vessels due to accident, the lossof vessels due to piracy or terrorism, damage or destruction of cargo and similar events that may cause a loss of revenue from affected vessels and damageGMSL’s business reputation, which may in turn lead to loss of business.The operation of seagoing vessels entails certain inherent risks that may adversely affect GMSL’s business and reputation, including:•damage or destruction of a vessel due to marine disaster such as a collision or grounding;•the loss of a vessel due to piracy and terrorism;•cargo and property losses or damage as a result of the foregoing or less drastic causes such as human error, mechanical failure and bad weather;•environmental accidents as a result of the foregoing; and•business interruptions and delivery delays caused by mechanical failure, human error, war, terrorism, political action in various countries, laborstrikes or adverse weather conditions.Any of these circumstances or events could substantially increase GMSL’s operating costs, as for example, the cost of substituting or replacing a vessel,or lower its revenues by taking vessels out of operation permanently or for periods of time. The involvement of GMSL’s vessels in a disaster or delays indelivery or damages or loss of cargo may harm its reputation as a safe and reliable vessel operator and cause it to lose business.GMSL’s operations are subject to complex laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations that result in substantial costs and otherrisks.GMSL does significant business with clients in the oil and natural gas industry, which is extensively regulated by U.S. federal, state, tribal, and localauthorities, and corresponding foreign governmental authorities. Legislation and regulations affecting the oil and natural gas industry are under constantreview for amendment or expansion, raising the possibility of changes that may become more stringent and, as a result, may affect, among other things, thepricing or marketing of crude oil and natural gas production. Noncompliance with statutes and regulations and more vigorous enforcement of such statutesand regulations by regulatory agencies may lead to substantial administrative, civil, and criminal penalties, including the assessment of natural resourcedamages, the imposition of significant investigatory and remedial obligations, and may also result in the suspension or termination of our operations.Litigation, enforcement actions, fines or penalties could adversely impact GMSL’s financial condition or results of operations and damage its reputation.GMSL’s business is subject to various international laws and regulations that could lead to enforcement actions, fines, civil or criminal penalties or theassertion of litigation claims and damages. In addition, improper conduct by GMSL’s employees or agents could damage its reputation and lead to litigationor legal proceedings that could result in significant awards or settlements to plaintiffs and civil or criminal penalties, including substantial monetary fines.Such events could lead to an adverse impact on GMSL’s financial condition or results of operations, if not mitigated by its insurance coverage.47Table of ContentsAs a result of any ship or other incidents, litigation claims, enforcement actions and regulatory actions and investigations, including, but not limited to,those arising from personal injury, loss of life, loss of or damage to personal property, business interruption losses or environmental damage to any affectedcoastal waters and the surrounding area, may be asserted or brought against various parties including GMSL. The time and attention of GMSL’s managementmay also be diverted in defending such claims, actions and investigations. GMSL may also incur costs both in defending against any claims, actions andinvestigations and for any judgments, fines or civil or criminal penalties if such claims, actions or investigations are adversely determined and not covered byits insurance policies.Currency exchange rate fluctuations may negatively affect GMSL’s operating results.The exchange rates between the US dollar, the Singapore dollar and the GBP have fluctuated in recent periods and may fluctuate substantially in thefuture. Accordingly, any material fluctuation of the exchange rate of the GBP against the US dollar and Singapore dollar could have a negative impact onGMSL’s results of operations and financial condition.There are risks inherent in foreign joint ventures and investments, such as adverse changes in currency values and foreign regulations.The joint ventures in which GMSL has operating activities or interests that are located outside the United States are subject to certain risks related to theindirect ownership and development of, or investment in, foreign subsidiaries, including government expropriation and nationalization, adverse changes incurrency values and foreign exchange controls, foreign taxes, U.S. taxes on the repatriation of funds to the United States, and other laws and regulations, anyof which may have a material adverse effect on GMSL’s investments, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.GMSL derives a significant amount of its revenues from sales to customers in non-U.S. countries, which pose additional risks including economic, politicaland other uncertainties.GMSL’s non-U.S. sales are significant in relation to consolidated sales. GMSL believes that non-U.S. sales will remain a significant percentage of itsrevenue. In addition, sales of its products to customers operating in foreign countries that experience political/economic instability or armed conflict couldresult in difficulties in delivering and installing complete seismic energy source systems within those geographic areas and receiving payment from thesecustomers. Furthermore, restrictions under the FCPA, the Bribery Act, or similar legislation in other countries, or trade embargoes or similar restrictionsimposed by the United States or other countries, could limit GMSL’s ability to do business in certain foreign countries. These factors could materiallyadversely affect GMSL’s results of operations and financial condition.Further deterioration of economic opportunities in the oil and gas sector could adversely affect the financial growth of GMSL.The oil and gas market has experienced an exceptional upheaval since early 2014 with the price of oil falling dramatically and this economic weaknesscould continue into the foreseeable future. Oil prices can be very volatile and are subject to international supply and demand, political developments,increased supply from new sources and the influence of OPEC in particular. The major operators are reviewing their overall capital spending and this trend islikely to reduce the size and number of projects carried out in the medium term as the project viability comes under greater scrutiny. Ongoing concerns aboutthe systemic impact of lower oil prices and the continued uncertainty of possible reductions in long term capital expenditure could have a material adverseeffect on the planned growth of GMSL and eventually curtail the anticipated cash flow and results from operations.Risks Related to our ICS OperationsOur ICS business is substantially smaller than some of our major competitors, whose marketing and pricing decisions, and relative size advantage couldadversely affect our ability to attract and to retain customers. These major competitors are likely to continue to cause significant pricing pressures thatcould adversely affect ICS’s net revenues, results of operations and financial condition.The carrier services telecommunications industry is significantly influenced by the marketing and pricing decisions of the larger business participants.ICS faces competition for its voice trading services from telecommunication services providers’ traditional processes and new companies. Oncetelecommunication services providers have established business relationships with competitors to ICS, it could be extremely difficult to convince them toutilize our services. These competitors may be able to develop services or processes that are superior to ICS’s services or processes, or that achieve greaterindustry acceptance.Many of our competitors are significantly larger than us and have substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources, larger networks, abroader portfolio of service offerings, greater control over network and transmission lines, stronger48Table of Contentsname recognition and customer loyalty and long-standing relationships with our target customers. As a result, our ability to attract and retain customers maybe adversely affected. Many of our competitors enjoy economies of scale that result in low cost structures for transmission and related costs that could causesignificant pricing pressures within the industry. While growth through acquisitions is a possible strategy for ICS, there are no guarantees that anyacquisitions will occur, nor are there any assurances that any acquisitions by ICS would improve the financial results of its business.Any failure of ICS’s physical infrastructure, including undetected defects in technology, could lead to significant costs and disruptions that could reduceits revenue and harm its business reputation and financial results.ICS depends on providing customers with highly reliable service. ICS must protect its infrastructure and any collocated equipment from numerousfactors, including:•human error;•physical or electronic security breaches;•fire, earthquake, flood and other natural disasters;•water damage;•power loss; and•terrorism, sabotage and vandalism.Problems at one or more of ICS’s exchange delivery points, whether or not within ICS’s control, could result in service interruptions or significantequipment damage. Any loss of services, equipment damage or inability to terminate voice calls or supply Internet capacity could reduce the confidence ofthe members and customers and could consequently impair ICS’s ability to obtain and retain customers, which would adversely affect both ICS’s ability togenerate revenues and its operating results.ICS’s positioning in the marketplace and intense domestic and international competition in these services places a significant strain on our resources,which if not managed effectively could result in operational inefficiencies and other difficulties.To manage ICS’s market positioning effectively, we must continue to implement and improve its operational and financial systems and controls, investin critical network infrastructure to expand its coverage and capacity, maintain or improve its service quality levels, purchase and utilize other transmissionfacilities, evolve its support and billing systems and train and manage its employee base. If we inaccurately forecast the movement of traffic onto ICS’snetwork, we could have insufficient or excessive transmission facilities and disproportionate fixed expenses. As we proceed with the development of our ICSbusiness, operational difficulties could arise from additional demand placed on customer provisioning and support, billing and management informationsystems, product delivery and fulfillment, support, sales and marketing, administrative resources, network infrastructure, maintenance and upgrading. Forinstance, we may encounter delays or cost-overruns or suffer other adverse consequences in implementing new systems when required.If ICS is not able to operate a cost-effective network, we may not be able to grow our ICS business successfully.Our ICS business’ long-term success depends on our ability to design, implement, operate, manage, maintain and upgrade a reliable and cost-effectivenetwork infrastructure. In addition, we rely on third-party equipment and service vendors to expand and manage ICS’s global network through which itprovides its services. If we fail to generate additional traffic on ICS’s network, if we experience technical or logistical impediments to the development ofnecessary aspects of ICS’s network or the migration of traffic and customers onto ICS’s network, or if we experience difficulties with third-party providers, wemay not achieve desired economies of scale or otherwise be successful in growing our ICS business.Risks Related to Our Liquidity Needs and SecuritiesWe are a holding company and our only material assets are our equity interests in our operating subsidiaries and our other investments. As a result, ourprincipal source of revenue and cash flow is distributions from our subsidiaries and our subsidiaries may be limited by law and by contract in makingdistributions to us.As a holding company, our only material assets are our cash on hand, the equity interests in our subsidiaries and other investments. As of December 31,2015, we had $41.1 million in cash and cash equivalents at the corporate level at HC2.Our principal source of revenue and cash flow is distributions from our subsidiaries. Thus, our ability to service our debt and to finance futureacquisitions is dependent on the ability of our subsidiaries to generate sufficient net income and cash flows to make upstream cash distributions to us. Oursubsidiaries are and will be separate legal entities, and although they may be wholly-49Table of Contentsowned or controlled by us, they have no obligation to make any funds available to us, whether in the form of loans, dividends, distributions or otherwise. Theability of our subsidiaries to distribute cash to us will also be subject to, among other things, restrictions that are contained in our subsidiaries’ financingagreements, availability of sufficient funds and applicable state laws and regulatory restrictions. Claims of creditors of our subsidiaries generally will havepriority as to the assets of such subsidiaries over our claims and claims of our creditors and stockholders. To the extent the ability of our subsidiaries todistribute dividends or other payments to us could be limited in any way, our ability to grow, pursue business opportunities or make acquisitions that couldbe beneficial to our businesses, or otherwise fund and conduct our business, could be materially limited.In order to satisfy the requirements of Section 226 of the Pensions Act of 2004 (UK), GMSL is a party to the Global Marine Pension Plan Recovery Plan,dated as of March 28, 2014 (the “Recovery Plan”). The Recovery Plan addresses GMSL’s pension funding shortfall, which was approximately GBP 17million as of December 31, 2015, by requiring GMSL to make certain scheduled fixed monthly contributions, certain variable annual profit-relatedcontributions and certain variable dividend-related contributions to the pension plan. The variable dividend-related contributions require GMSL to pay cashcontributions to the underfunded pension plan equal to 50% of any dividend payments made to its shareholder, which reduces the amount of cash availablefor GMSL to make upstream payments to us.The Recovery Plan provides for the funding shortfall to be eliminated on or before June 30, 2021. However the UK plan must be valued on a triennialbasis and all valuations are dependent upon the prevailing market conditions and the actuarial methods and assumptions used as well as the expectedpension liabilities at the valuation date. There are various risks which could adversely affect the next valuation of the UK pension plan and consequently theobligations of GMSL to fund the plan, such as a significant adverse change in the market value of the pension plan assets, an increase in pension liabilities,longer life expectancy of plan members, a change in the discount rate or inflation rate used by the actuary or if the trustees of the plan recommend a materialchange to the investment strategy. Any increase in the deficit may result in a need for GMSL to increase its pension contributions which would reduce theamount of cash available for GMSL to make upstream dividend payments to us. While we expect the trustees of the pension plan to renegotiate the RecoveryPlan on at least a triennial basis from March 31, 2014 or dispense with the Recovery Plan if and when the funding shortfall has been eliminated, we can makeno assurances in relation to this.Under the UK Pensions Act 2004, the Pensions Regulator may issue a contribution notice to us or any employer in the UK pension plan or any personwho is connected with or is an associate of any such employer where the Pensions Regulator is of the opinion that the relevant person has been a party to anact, or a deliberate failure to act, which had as its main purpose (or one of its main purposes) the avoidance of pension liabilities. Under the UK Pensions Act2008, the Pension Regulator has the power to issue a contribution notice to any such person where the Pensions Regulator is of the opinion that the relevantperson has been a party to an act, or a deliberate failure to act, which has a materially detrimental effect on pension plans without sufficient mitigation havingbeen provided. If the Pensions Regulator considers that any of the employers participating in the UK pension plan are “insufficiently resourced” or a “servicecompany,” it may impose a financial support direction requiring us or any person associated or connected with that employer to put in place financialsupport.The Pensions Regulator can only issue a contribution notice or financial support direction where it believes it is reasonable to do so. The terms“associate” and “connected person,” which are taken from the UK Insolvency Act 1986, are widely defined and cover among others GMSL, its subsidiariesand others deemed to be shadow directors. Liabilities imposed under a contribution notice or financial support direction may be up to the difference betweenthe value of the assets of the plan and the cost of buying out the benefits of members and other beneficiaries. If GMSL or its connected or associated partiesare the recipient of a contribution notice or financial support direction this could have an effect on our cash flow.In practice, the risk of a contribution notice being imposed may restrict our ability to restructure or undertake certain corporate activities relating toGMSL without first seeking agreement of the trustees of the UK pension plan and, possibly, the approval of the Pensions Regulator. Additional security mayalso need to be provided to the trustees before certain corporate activities can be undertaken (such as the payment of an unusual dividend from GMSL) andany additional funding required by the UK pension plan may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and the results of our operations.In addition, GMSL and Schuff are each party to credit agreements that include certain financial covenants that can reduce or otherwise limit the amountof cash available to make upstream dividend payments to us. GMSL’s term loan with DVB Bank (the “GMSL Facility”) requires GMSL to maintain minimumliquidity of GBP 6.0 million until maturity on July 23, 2018. If GMSL does not meet these minimum liquidity requirements, it will not be able to makeupstream dividend payments to us until such minimum liquidity requirements are met.Schuff’s Credit and Security Agreement (the “Schuff Facility”) with Wells Fargo Credit, Inc. (“Wells Fargo”) allows dividends to be paid to Schuffshareholders up to four times a year, subject to the following conditions: (a) the consent of Wells Fargo Credit, Inc., which is the Schuff Facility lender (whichconsent shall not be unreasonably withheld); (b) maintenance of a fixed charge50Table of Contentscoverage ratio of 1.20 to 1; (c) a minimum excess availability under the Schuff Facility of $10 million before and after the payment of a dividend and (d)Schuff not being in default under the Schuff Facility at the time of the dividend payment. For more information, see "Management's Discussion and Analysisof Financial Conditions and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources."Furthermore, the acquisition of the Insurance Companies and the development of our CIG business may impact our cash flows. We have agreed to pay tothe Sellers, on an annual basis with respect to the years 2015 through 2019, the amount, if any, by which the Insurance Companies’ cash flow testing andpremium deficiency reserves decrease from the amount of such reserves as of December 31, 2014, up to $13 million.Our capital management framework is primarily based on statutory risk-based capital (“RBC”) measures. The RBC ratio is a primary measure of thecapital adequacy of the Insurance Companies. RBC is calculated based on statutory financial statements and risk formulas consistent with the practices ofthe NAIC. RBC considers, among other things, risks related to the type and quality of the invested assets, insurance-related risks associated with an insurer’sproducts and liabilities, interest rate risks and general business risks. RBC ratio calculations are intended to assist insurance regulators in measuring aninsurer’s solvency and ability to pay future claims. The RBC ratio is an annual calculation, as of December 31, 2015, the Insurance Companies’ RBC ratioexceeds the minimum level required by applicable insurance regulations. The regulatory capital level of the Insurance Companies can be materially impacted by interest rates and equity market fluctuations, changes in thevalues of derivatives, the level of impairments recorded, credit quality migration of the investment portfolio, and business growth, among other items.Further, the recapture of business subject to reinsurance arrangements due to defaults by, or credit quality migration affecting, the reinsurers or for otherreasons could negatively impact regulatory capital levels.Apart from the requirements discussed above, we will not be required to provide capital contributions to CIG’s insurance subsidiaries following thecompletion of the Insurance Companies Acquisitions, however, we, in our discretion, may make additional capital contributions to support CIG.ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTSNone.ITEM 2. PROPERTIESWe currently lease our corporate headquarters facility, which is located in Herndon, Virginia. Additionally, we lease administrative, technical and salesoffice space in various locations in the countries in which we operate. GMSL is headquartered in Chelmsford, UK, Schuff is headquartered in Phoenix,Arizona, and our European ICS operations are headquartered in London. We also lease space for switches operated by our Telecommunications segment. Asof December 31, 2015, total leased space in the United States and the United Kingdom, as well as other countries in which we operate, approximates 498,000square feet and the total annual lease costs are approximately $5.4 million. The operating leases expire at various times, with the longest commitmentexpiring in 2027. We believe that our present administrative, technical and sales office facilities are adequate for our anticipated operations and that similarspace can be obtained readily as needed. In addition, Schuff owns operations, administrative, and sales offices located throughout the United Statesapproximating 1,465,000 square feet.We own substantially all of our equipment required for our businesses which include cable–ships and submersibles, steel machinery and equipment, andcommunications equipment. Our net property and equipment was $214.5 million and $233.3 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, total net book value of equipment under capital leases consisted of $66.8 million and $75.5 million of cable-ships andsubmersibles, respectively. See Note 9—“Property and Equipment,” for additional detail regarding our property and equipment. HC2’s 11% Notes issued onNovember 20, 2014 are secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets. In addition, the Schuff Facility and GMSL Facility are secured by certain of theassets of Schuff and GMSL, respectively. See Note 12—“Long-Term Obligations,” for additional detail regarding encumbrances affecting our property andequipment.ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGSLitigationThe Company is subject to claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are inherently uncertain, and there canbe no guarantee that the outcome of any such matter will be decided favorably to the Company or that the resolution of any such matter will not have amaterial adverse effect upon the Company’s consolidated financial51Table of Contentsstatements. The Company does not believe that any of such pending claims and legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its consolidatedfinancial statements. The Company records a liability in its consolidated financial statements for these matters when a loss is known or considered probableand the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews these estimates each accounting period as additional information is known and adjuststhe loss provision when appropriate. If a matter is both probable to result in a liability and the amounts of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Companyestimates and discloses the possible loss or range of loss to the extent necessary for the consolidated financial statements not to be misleading. If the loss isnot probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in its consolidated financial statements.On November 6, 2014, a putative stockholder class action complaint challenging the tender offer by which HC2 acquired approximately 721,000 of theissued and outstanding common shares of Schuff was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, captioned Mark Jacobs v. Philip A. Falcone,Keith M. Hladek, Paul Voigt, Michael R. Hill, Rustin Roach, D. Ronald Yagoda, Phillip O. Elbert, HC2 Holdings, Inc., and Schuff International, Inc., CivilAction No. 10323 (the “Complaint”). On November 17, 2014, a second lawsuit was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, captioned ArlenDiercks v. Schuff International, Inc. Philip A. Falcone, Keith M. Hladek, Paul Voigt, Michael R. Hill, Rustin Roach, D. Ronald Yagoda, Phillip O. Elbert,HC2 Holdings, Inc., Civil Action No. 10359. On February 19, 2015, the court consolidated the actions (now designated as Schuff International, Inc.Stockholders Litigation) and appointed lead plaintiff and counsel. The currently operative complaint is the November 6, 2014 Complaint filed by MarkJacobs. The Complaint alleges, among other things, that in connection with the tender offer, the individual members of the Schuff board of directors andHC2, the controlling stockholder of Schuff, breached their fiduciary duties to members of the plaintiff class. The Complaint also purports to challenge apotential short-form merger based upon plaintiff’s expectation that the Company would cash out the remaining public stockholders of Schuff Internationalfollowing the completion of the tender offer. The Complaint seeks rescission of the tender offer and/or compensatory damages, as well as attorney’s fees andother relief. The defendants filed answers to the Complaint on July 30, 2015. Defendants are currently in the discovery phase of the case, and havesubstantially completed their production of documents to plaintiffs. Under the court’s scheduling order, fact discovery closes on July 8, 2016. We believethat the allegations and claims set forth in the Complaint are without merit and intend to defend them vigorously. On July 16, 2013, Plaintiffs Xplornet Communications Inc. and Xplornet Broadband, Inc. (“Xplornet”) initiated an action against Inukshuk Wireless Inc.(“Inukshuk”), Globility Communications Corporation (“Globility”), MIPPS Inc., Primus Telecommunications Canada Inc. ("PTCI") and PrimusTelecommunications Group, Incorporated (n/k/a HC2) ("PTGi"). Xplornet alleges that it entered into an agreement to acquire certain licenses for radiospectrum in Canada from Globility. Xplornet alleges that Globility agreed to sell Xplornet certain spectrum licenses in a Letter of Intent dated July 12, 2011but then breached the Letter of Intent by selling the licenses to Inukshuk. Xplornet then alleges that they reached an agreement with Inukshuk to purchasethe licenses on June 26, 2012, but that Inukshuk breached that agreement by not completing the sale. Xplornet alleges that, as a result of the foregoing, theyhave been damaged in the amount of $50 million. On January 29, 2014, Globility, MIPPS Inc., and PTCI, demanded indemnification pursuant to the EquityPurchase Agreement among PTUS, Inc., PTCAN, Inc., PTGi, Primus Telecommunications Holding, Inc., Lingo Holdings, Inc., and PrimusTelecommunications International, Inc., dated as of May 10, 2013. On February 14, 2014, the Company assumed the defense of this litigation, whilereserving all of its rights under the Equity Purchase Agreement. On February 5, 2014, Globility, MIPPS Inc., and PTCI filed a Notice of Intent to Defend. OnFebruary 18, 2014, Globility, MIPPS Inc., and PTCI filed a Demand for Particulars. A Notice of Change of Solicitors to Hunt Partners LLP was filed on behalfof those same entities on April 1, 2014. On March 13, 2015, Inukshuk filed a cross claim against Globility, MIPPS, PTCI, and PTGi. Inukshuk asserts that ifInukshuk is found liable to Xplornet, then Inukshuk is entitled to contribution and indemnity, compensatory damages, interest, and costs from the Company. Inukshuk alleges that Globility represented and warranted that it owned the licenses at issue, that Globility held the licenses free and clear, and that no thirdparty had any rights to acquire them. Inukshuk claims breach of contract and misrepresentation if the Court finds that any of these representations are untrue.On October 17, 2014, the Company moved for summary judgment against Xplornet arguing that there was no agreement between Globility and Xplornetto acquire the licenses at issue. On June 5, 2015, Inukshuk also moved for summary judgment against Xplornet, similarly arguing that there was noagreement between Inukshuk and Xplornet to acquire the licenses in question.On September 17, 2015, Xplornet amended its claim to change its theory from breach of a written letter of intent allegedly accepted on July 12, 2011 tobreach of an oral agreement allegedly entered on July 7, 2011. The Primus Defendants (including the Company) amended their Statement of Defence andmotion for summary judgment on October 6, 2015 to include a statute of limitations defense based on this change in theory. The Primus defendants(including the Company) also filed procedural motions relating to the amendment. Xplornet disputes that the amendment changed its theory and opposessummary judgment. The hearing on summary judgment is now re-scheduled from October 7, 2015 to September 26, 2016.On January 19, 2016, PTCI sought and obtained an order under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (the “CCAA”) from the Ontario SuperiorCourt of Justice. PTCI received an Initial Order staying all proceedings against PTCI until February52Table of Contents26, 2016 - which it moved to extend through September, 2016. On February 25, 2016, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice extended the stay of proceedingsuntil September 19, 2016. PTCI has advised the Company that this stays all proceedings against PTCI, Globility, and MIPPS, except against the Company.On July 9, 2015, a putative class action wage and hour lawsuit was filed against Schuff Steel Company ("SSC"), a subsidiary of Schuff, and SchuffInternational (collectively “Schuff”) in the Los Angeles County Superior Court [BC587322], captioned Dylan Leonard, individually and on behalf of othermembers of the general public v. Schuff Steel Company and Schuff International, Inc. The complaint makes generic allegations of numerous violations ofCalifornia wage and hour laws and claims that Schuff failed to pay for overtime; failed to pay for meal and rest breaks; violated the minimum wage; failed totimely pay business expenses, wages and final wages; failed to keep requisite payroll records; and had non-compliant wage statements. On August 11, 2015,another putative class action wage and hour lawsuit was filed against SSC in San Joaquin County Superior Court [39-2015-0032-8373-CU-OE-STK],captioned Pablo Dominguez, on behalf of himself and all other similarly situated v. Schuff Steel Company. The Complaint alleges non-compliant wagestatements and demands penalties pursuant to California Labor Code. On October 11, 2015, an amended complaint was filed in the Dominguez claimpursuing only the statutory claim based on the non-compliant wage statement. By Order dated December 17, 2015, the matters were designated as the SchuffSteel Wage and Hour Cases and assigned a coordination trial judge. No discovery schedule or trial date has been set. The Company believes that theallegations and claims set forth in the Complaints are without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.On December 28, 2015, The Chemours Company Mexico S. de R.L de C.V. (“Chermours”) filed a Demand for Arbitration (the “Demand”) against theCompany’s subsidiary, SSC with the American Arbitration Association, International Centre for Dispute Resolution, Case No. 01-15-0006-0956. Schuff hada purchase order to provide fabricated steel for the Line 2 Expansion of Du Pont’s chemical plant in Altamira, Mexico (the “Project”). The Demand seeksrecovery of an alleged $5 million mistaken payment to SSC and additional damages in excess of $18 million for, among other reasons, alleged delays, failureto expedite, breach of assignment of subcontracting clauses, and backcharges for additional costs and rework of fabricated steel provide for the Project. OnJanuary 25, 2016, SSC filed an Answer and Counterclaim denying liability alleged by Chemours and seeking to recover the principal sum of 311 thousandfor unpaid work on the Project as well as an additional sum for damages due to delays, impacts, and other wrongful conduct by Chemours and its agents. NoArbitration schedule or hearing date has been set. The Company believes that the allegations and claims set forth in the Demand are without merit and intendto defend them vigorously and aggressively pursue Chemours for additional monies owed and damages sustained.ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURESNot applicable.53Table of ContentsPART IIITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITYSECURITIESCommon StockHC2 common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “PTGI” on June 23, 2011. On November 18,2013, the Company voluntarily withdrew the trading of HC2 common stock on the NYSE, at which point HC2 common stock began to trade on the OTCQBMarket (“OTCQB”) under the same ticker symbol, “PTGI.” On April 9, 2014 in connection with our name change, we changed the ticker symbol of ourcommon stock from “PTGI” to “HCHC”. On December 29, 2014, HC2 common stock began to trade on the NYSE MKT LLC (“NYSE MKT”) under the sameticker symbol “HCHC”.The following table provides the high and low sale prices for HC2’s common stock as reported by the NYSE, OTCQB or NYSE MKT, as applicable, foreach quarterly period for the last two fiscal years. The quotations from the OTCQB reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail markup, markdown orcommissions, and may not represent actual transactions. PeriodCommon Stock High Low2015 1st Quarter$13.28 $7.042nd Quarter$12.50 $8.163rd Quarter$8.97 $5.204th Quarter$8.09 $5.052014 1st Quarter$4.04 $2.802nd Quarter$4.10 $3.503rd Quarter$4.60 $3.864th Quarter$8.50 $4.41Holders of Common StockAs of February 29, 2016, HC2 had 60 holders of record of its common stock. This number does not include stockholders for whom shares were held in“nominee” or “street” name.DividendsHC2 paid no dividends on its common stock in 2015 or 2014, and the HC2 Board of Directors has no current intention of paying any dividends on HC2common stock in the near future. The payment of dividends, if any, in the future is within the discretion of the HC2 Board of Directors and will depend on ourearnings, our capital requirements and financial condition. The 11% Notes Indenture contains covenants that, among other things, limit or restrict our abilityto make certain restricted payments, including the payment of cash dividends with respect to HC2’s common stock. The Schuff Facility and the GMSLFacility contain similar covenants applicable to Schuff and GMSL, respectively. See Item 7—“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of FinancialCondition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” and Note 12—“Long-Term Obligations” to our consolidated financial statementsfor more detail concerning our 11% Notes and other financing arrangements. Moreover, dividends may be restricted by other arrangements entered into in thefuture by us.Issuer Purchases of Equity SecuritiesHC2 did not repurchase any of its equity securities in the quarter ended December 31, 2015.Stock Performance GraphThe following graph compares the cumulative total returns during the period from December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2015 of our common stock to theStandard & Poor’s Midcap 400 Index and the iShares S&P Global Telecommunications Sector Index. The comparison assumes $100 was invested onDecember 31, 2010 in the common stock of HC2 and the indices and assumes54Table of Contentsthat all dividends were reinvested. HC2’s common stock began trading on the OTC Bulletin Board on July 1, 2009, on the NYSE on June 23, 2011, on theOTCQB on November 18, 2013, and on the NYSE MKT on December 29, 2014. December 31,2010 December 31,2011 December 31,2012 December 31,2013 December 31,2014 December 31,2015HC2 Holdings, Inc. (HCHC)$100.00 $101.28 $118.66 $52.45 $155.16 $97.36Standard & Poor’s Midcap 400 Index (^MID)$100.00 $96.90 $112.48 $147.98 $160.09 $154.16iShares S&P Global Telecommunications Sector IndexFund (IXP)$100.00 $100.94 $108.46 $131.52 $129.93 $129.86The performance graph will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference by means of any general statement incorporating by reference this Form 10-Kinto any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that HC2 specificallyincorporates such information by reference, and shall not otherwise be deemed filed under such acts.ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATAThe selected consolidated financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with (i) Item 7 entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysisof Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” (ii) our consolidated audited annual financial statements and the notes thereto, each of which arecontained in Item 8 entitled “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and (iii) the information described below under “—Discontinued Operations.”The information presented in the following tables reflects the restatement of our Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended December 31,2014, which is more fully described in Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, filed with the SECon March 15, 2016.Statement of Operations Data: Years Ended December 31,(in thousands, except per share amounts)2015 2014 2013 2012 2011Net revenue$1,120,806 $547,438 $230,686 $302,959 $411,983Income (loss) from operations2,229 (13,606) (39,136) (51,896) (41,167)Loss from continuing operations(35,741) (11,686) (17,612) (44,871) (43,557)Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(21) (146) 129,218 72,740 10,28855Table of ContentsNet income (loss)(35,762) (11,832) 111,606 27,869 (33,269)Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.(35,565) (14,391) 111,606 27,887 (38,730)Net income (loss) attributable to common stock and participating preferredstockholders$(39,850) $(16,440) $111,606 $27,887 $(38,730) Interest expense(39,017) (12,347) (8) (27) (94)Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt— (11,969) — — —Income tax benefit10,882 22,869 7,442 3,132 (1,066) Per Share Data: Loss from continuing operations attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. Basic$(1.50) $(0.82) $(1.25) $(3.24) $(3.77)Diluted$(1.50) $(0.82) $(1.25) $(3.24) $(3.77)Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. Basic$(1.50) $(0.83) $7.95 $2.02 $(2.98)Diluted$(1.50) $(0.83) $7.95 $2.02 $(2.98)Weighted average common shares outstanding: Basic26,482 19,729 14,047 13,844 12,994Diluted26,482 19,729 14,047 13,844 12,994Dividends declared per basic weighted average common shares outstanding— $— $8.58 $4.09 $—Balance Sheet Data: As of December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014 2013 2012 2011Cash and cash equivalents$158,624 $107,978 $8,997 $23,197 $41,052Total assets$2,742,512 $712,163 $87,680 $301,190 $543,824Total long-term obligations (including current portion)$371,876 $335,531 $— $127,112 $247,762Total liabilities$2,569,247 $563,919 $33,271 $232,687 $442,118Total HC2 Holdings, Inc. stockholders’ equity (deficit), before noncontrollinginterest$94,030 $79,187 $54,409 $68,503 $101,706Cash Flow and Related Data: Years Ended December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014 2013 2012 2011Net change in cash due to operating activities$(32,561) $3,663 $(20,315) $23,569 $42,932Purchases of property, plant and equipment$(21,324) $(5,819) $(12,577) $(31,747) $(31,533)Depreciation and amortization$30,939 $10,684 $23,964 $43,239 $65,148Discontinued Operations Data: We have reclassified several segments as discontinued operations. Accordingly, revenue, costs, and expenses of the discontinued operations have beenexcluded from the respective captions in the consolidated statements of operations. Conversely, as it pertains to ICS, we reclassified such operations as acontinuing operation effective as of the fourth quarter of 2013; accordingly, the revenue, costs and expenses are now included in the respective captions inthe consolidated statements of operations. The net operating results of the discontinued operations have been reported, net of applicable income taxes asincome, or loss, as applicable, from discontinued operations. There have been no reclassifications of any of our subsidiaries as discontinued operations in2014 or 2015. •ICS. During the second quarter of 2012, the Board of Directors of HC2 committed to dispose of ICS and as a result classified ICS as a discontinuedoperation. In December 2013, based on management’s assessment of the requirements under ASC No. 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment”(“ASC 360”), it was determined that ICS no longer met the56Table of Contentscriteria of a held for sale asset. On February 11, 2014, the Board of Directors officially ratified management’s December 2013 assessment, andreclassified ICS from held for sale to held and used, effective December 31, 2013. As a result, the Company has applied retrospective adjustmentsfor 2012 and 2011 to reflect the effects of the Company’s decision to cease its sale process of ICS that occurred as of December 31, 2013.•BLACKIRON Data. In the second quarter of 2013, the Company sold its BLACKIRON Data segment. As a result, the Company has appliedretrospective adjustments for 2012 and 2011 to reflect the effects of the discontinued operations that occurred subsequent to December 31, 2012.•North America Telecom. In the third quarter of 2013, the Company completed the initial closing of the sale of its North America Telecom segment.In conjunction with the initial closing, the Company redeemed its outstanding debt. Because the debt was required to be repaid as a result of thesale of North America Telecom, the interest expense and loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt of HC2 Holdings, Inc. has beenallocated to discontinued operations. The closing of the sale of Primus Telecommunications, Inc. ("PTI") (the remaining portion of the NorthAmerica Telecom segment subject to the applicable purchase agreement) was completed on July 31, 2014. Prior to the closing, PTI had beenincluded in discontinued operations as a result of being held for sale. As a result, the Company has applied retrospective adjustments for 2012 and2011 to reflect the effects of the discontinued operations that occurred subsequent to December 31, 2012.•Australia. During the second quarter of 2012, the Company sold its Australian segment. As a result, the Company has applied retrospectiveadjustments for 2011 to reflect the effects of the discontinued operations that occurred subsequent to December 31, 2011. Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011Net revenue$— $7,530 $132,515 $375,264 $602,647Operating expenses38 7,610 119,392 343,263 549,217Income (loss) from operations(38) (80) 13,123 32,001 53,430Interest expense— (17) (11,362) (24,621) (32,702)Gain (loss) on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt— — (21,124) (21,682) (7,346)Other income (expense), net4 (60) (51) 283 189Foreign currency transaction gain (loss)— — (378) (2,550) 1,539Income (loss) before income tax benefit (expense)(34) (157) (19,792) (16,569) 15,110Income tax benefit (expense)13 132 171 (4,956) (41)Income (loss) from discontinued operations$(21) $(25) $(19,621) $(21,525) $15,069ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSYou should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the information in ourconsolidated annual audited financial statements and the notes thereto, each of which are contained in Item 8 entitled “Financial Statements andSupplementary Data,” and other financial information incorporated by reference herein. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysisincludes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should review the “Risk Factors” section as well as the section below entitled“—Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from theresults described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.Unless the context otherwise requires, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “HC2” means HC2 Holdings, Inc. and the “Company,” “we” and “our”mean HC2 together with its subsidiaries. “US GAAP” means accounting principles accepted in the United States of America.Our BusinessWe are a diversified holding company with principal operations conducted through seven operating platforms or reportable segments: Manufacturing(Schuff Steel), Marine Services (Global Marine), Insurance (Continental Insurance), Utilities (American Natural Gas), Telecommunications (ICS) and LifeSciences (Pansend Holdings) and one Other segment (Corporate Holdings platform) that includes non-controlling assets that do not meet the separatelyreportable segment thresholds. We offer in-house design-assist/design-build pre-construction engineering services through Schuff International; maintenanceand repairs of57Table of Contentssubmarine communications cable for the telecommunications, off-shore power, oil & gas industries and deep sea research industries through Global MarineSystems Limited; operate run-off long-term care insurance through Continental Insurance, Inc.; design, build, maintain and operate compressed natural gasfueling stations for commercial transportation through American Natural Gas; provide telecommunication services to customers around the globe throughPTGi International Carrier Services, Inc.; focus on the development of innovative technologies and products in the healthcare industry through Pansend LifeSciences, LLC; and acquire “toe-hold” positions in both public and private companies within the Corporate Holdings segment that we believe mayultimately fit within our entity as an operating platform.We continually evaluate acquisition opportunities as well as monitor a variety of key indicators of our underlying platform companies in order tomaximize shareholder value. These indicators include but are not limited to; revenue, cost of revenue, operating profit, adjusted EBITDA and free cash flow.We, furthermore, work very closely with our subsidiary platform executive management teams on their operations and assist them in the evaluation anddiligence of asset acquisitions, dispositions and any financing needs at the subsidiary level. This close relationship allows us to capture synergies within theorganization across all platforms and strategically position the Company for ongoing growth and value creation.During 2015, we continued to take steps to position the Company for the future with a view toward building value over the long-term. Our uniquestructure gives us the freedom to make acquisitions across a broad spectrum of industries. Hence, with the acquisition of Continental Insurance in December2015, we successfully continued to capitalize on this structure and continued adding to our platform of companies in an opportunistic and disciplinedmanner.The ongoing possibility of acquisitions and new business alternatives, while strategic, may result in acquiring assets unrelated to our current or historicaloperations. As part of any acquisition strategy, we may raise capital in the form of debt or equity securities (including preferred stock) or a combinationthereof. We have broad discretion in identifying and selecting acquisition and business combination opportunities and the industries in which we will seeksuch opportunities, and we face significant competition for these opportunities, including from numerous companies with a business plan similar to ours. Assuch, there can be no assurance that any of the past or future discussions that we have had or may have with candidates will result in a definitive agreementand if they do, what the terms or timing of any agreement would be. While we peruse the marketplace for acquisition opportunities, we may utilize a portionof our available cash to acquire interests in possible acquisition targets. Any securities acquired are marked to market and may increase short term earningsvolatility as a result.As we look to 2016 and beyond, we believe our platform and strategy will enable us to deliver strong financial results while positioning our company forlong-term growth. Furthermore, the unique alignment of our executive compensation program with our objective of increasing shareholder value isparamount to executing on our vision of long-term growth while maintaining our disciplined approach. Having designed our business structure to not onlyaddress capital allocation challenges over time but also maintain the flexibility to capitalize on opportunities during periods of market volatility, we believethe combination thereof positions us well to continue to build shareholder value.Our OperationsWe are organized into seven reportable segments as follows:1.Our Manufacturing segment includes Schuff International, Inc. ("Schuff") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which primarily operate as integratedfabricators and erectors of structural steel and heavy steel plates with headquarters in Phoenix, Arizona. Schuff has operations in Arizona, Georgia, Texas,Kansas and California, with its construction projects primarily located in the aforementioned states. In addition, Schuff has construction projects in selectinternational markets, primarily Panama through a Panamanian joint venture with Empresas Hopsa, S.A. that provides steel fabrication services.2.Our Marine Services segment includes Global Marine Systems Limited ("GMSL"). GMSL is a leading provider of engineering and underwaterservices on submarine cables. In conjunction with the acquisition of GMSL, approximately 3% of the Company’s interest in GMSL was purchased by a groupof individuals, leaving the Company’s controlling interest at approximately 97%.3.Our Insurance segment includes United Teacher Associates Insurance Company ("UTA") and Continental General Insurance Company ("CGI", andtogether with UTA, "CIG"). CIG provides long-term care, life and annuity coverage to approximately 99,000 individuals. The benefits provided help protectour policy and certificate holders from the financial hardships associated with illness, injury, loss of life, or income continuation.4.Our Utilities segment includes American Natural Gas ("ANG"), which is a premier distributor of natural gas motor fuel headquartered in theNortheast that designs, builds, owns, acquires, operates and maintains compressed natural gas fueling stations58Table of Contentsfor transportation vehicles. The goal of ANG is to make natural gas readily available for commercial and public use in vehicles. ANG’s team is comprised ofindustry, legal, construction, engineering and entrepreneurial experts who are working directly with the leading natural gas companies to seek outopportunities for building successful natural gas fueling stations. Vehicle manufacturers and fleet operators are pursuing natural gas vehicles in the USmarkets to reduce carbon emissions and environmental impacts while providing a cost-effective alternative to foreign crude oil.5.In our Telecommunications segment, we operate a telecommunications business including a network of direct routes and provide premium voicecommunication services for national telecom operators, mobile operators, wholesale carriers, prepaid operators, Voice over Internet Protocol service operatorsand Internet service providers from our International Carrier Services ("ICS") business unit. We provide premium voice communication services for NationalTelecom operators, Mobile operators, Wholesale carriers, Prepaid operators, VARS & VOIP service operators. ICS provides a quality service via direct routes& by forming strong relationships with carefully selected partners.6.In our Life Sciences segment, we operate Pansend Life Sciences, LLC ("Pansend"), which has a 77% interest in Genovel Orthopedics, Inc., whichseeks to develop products to treat early osteoarthritis of the knee, and a 61% interest in R2 Dermatology (f/k/a GemDerm Aesthetics, Inc.), which developsnovel treatments for skin conditions. Pansend also invests in other early or developmental stage healthcarecompanies. 7.In our Other segment, we seek to invest, nurture and grow developmental stage companies, and invest in opportunities where growth potential issignificant.SeasonalityIn any particular year, net revenue within our Marine Services segment can fluctuate depending on the season. Within the maintenance business (andalso for any long term charter arrangements) revenues are relatively stable as the core driver is the annual contractual obligation. However, this is not the casein the installation business where revenues show a degree of seasonality. Revenues in this business are driven by the customers’ need for new cableinstallations. Generally weather downtime, and hence additional costs, is a significant factor in customers determining their installation schedules and mostinstallations are therefore scheduled for the warmer months. As such installation revenues are generally lower towards the end of the fourth quarter andthroughout the first quarter, as most business is concentrated in the northern hemisphere.Seasonality also impacts our Telecommunications segment. Net revenue within our Telecommunications segments is typically higher in the fourthquarter due to seasonal calling fluctuations. Revenue growth factors include global religious holidays and general holiday season calling as consumers makemore calls during this time of year. Revenue from our usage based services such as long distance, being subject to seasonal fluctuations is further expected todrop in the first quarter versus the fourth quarter as consumers tend to make fewer calls versus the prior period, which will impact revenue and margin.Recent DevelopmentsDecember 2015 Closing of Insurance Companies AcquisitionOn December 24, 2015, the Company entered into an amended and restated stock purchase agreement to acquire UTA and CGI (the "InsuranceCompanies") and completed the transaction. The Company purchased all of the stock of both entities and owned assets which were used exclusively orprimarily in their business, subject to certain limitations. The aggregate consideration provided in connection with the acquisition and related transactionsand agreements was $18.6 million, consisting of $7.0 million in cash, $2.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 11.000% Senior SecuredNotes due 2019 (having the same terms as the Company’s existing Senior Secured Notes) valued at $1.9 million, 1,007,422 shares of common stock of theCompany, valued at $5.4 million and five years warrants to purchase two million shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $7.08 pershare (subject to customary adjustments upon stock splits or similar transactions) exercisable on or after February 3, 2016 valued at $4.3 million.Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the Company also agreed to pay to the sellers, on an annual basis with respect to the years 2015 through 2019, theamount, if any, by which the Insurance Companies’ cash flow testing and premium deficiency reserves decrease from the amount of such reserves as ofDecember 31, 2014, up to $13.0 million. The balance is calculated based on the fluctuation of the statutory cash flow testing and premium deficiencyreserves annually following each of the Insurance Companies' filing with its domiciliary insurance regulator of its annual statutory statements for eachcalendar year ending December 31, 2015 through and including December 31, 2019. Based on the 2015 statutory statements, the Company does not have apayment due. Further, the Company's current estimate is that the obligation will not be incurred up through the year ended December 31, 2019. 59Table of ContentsNovember 2015 Public Offering of Common Stock by the CompanyOn November 4, 2015, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement relating to the issuance and sale of 7,350,000 shares of the Company’scommon stock in a public offering (the “November 2015 Offering”). In addition, on November 5, 2015 the underwriter in the November 2015 Offeringexercised its option to purchase an additional 1,102,500 shares of common stock from the Company. The total number of shares sold by the Company in theNovember 2015 Offering was 8,452,500 shares. The November 2015 Offering closed on November 9, 2015. The net proceeds to the Company from theNovember 2015 Offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, were approximately $53.8 million.Financial Presentation BackgroundIn the following presentations and narratives within this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, wecompare, pursuant to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and SEC disclosure rules, the Company’s resultsof operations for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared tothe year ended December 31, 2013. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects the restatement ofour Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, which is more fully described in Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Reporton Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2016.Results of OperationsYear ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, and the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2013Presented below is a disaggregated table that summarizes our results of operations and a comparison of the change between the year end periods (inthousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 2015 2014 2013 2015 comparedto 2014 2014 comparedto 2013Net revenue: Manufacturing$513,770 $348,318 $— $165,452 $348,318Marine Services134,926 35,328 — 99,598 35,328Insurance2,865 — — 2,865 —Telecommunications460,355 161,953 230,686 298,402 (68,733)Utilities6,765 1,839 — 4,926 1,839Life Sciences— — — — —Other2,125 — — 2,125 —Non-operating Corporate— — — — —Total net revenue$1,120,806 $547,438 $230,686 $573,368 $316,752 Income (loss) from operations: Manufacturing42,114 26,358 — 15,756 26,358Marine Services12,414 (3,394) — 15,808 (3,394)Insurance(176) — — (176) —Telecommunications238 (1,840) (20,037) 2,078 18,197Utilities(888) (491) — (397) (491)Life Sciences(6,404) (4,762) — (1,642) (4,762)Other(6,198) (221) (10,663) (5,977) 10,442Non-operating Corporate(38,871) (29,256) (8,436) (9,615) (20,820)Total income (loss) from operations2,229 (13,606) (39,136) 15,835 25,530 Interest expense(39,017) (12,347) (8) (26,670) (12,339)60Table of ContentsLoss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt— (11,969) — 11,969 (11,969)Gain from contingent value rights valuation— — 14,904 — (14,904)Other income (expense), net(6,820) 702 (814) (7,522) 1,516Income (loss) from equity investees(3,015) 2,665 — (5,680) 2,665Loss from continuing operations before income taxes(46,623) (34,555) (25,054) (12,068) (9,501)Income tax benefit (expense)10,882 22,869 7,442 (11,987) 15,427Loss from continuing operations(35,741) (11,686) (17,612) (24,055) 5,926Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(21) (146) 129,218 125 (129,364)Net income (loss)(35,762) (11,832) 111,606 (23,930) (123,438)Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest197 (2,559) — 2,756 (2,559)Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.(35,565) (14,391) 111,606 (21,174) (125,997)Less: Preferred stock dividends and accretion4,285 2,049 — 2,236 2,049Net income (loss) attributable to common stock and participating preferredstockholders$(39,850) $(16,440) $111,606 $(23,410) $(128,046)Net revenue: Net revenue increased by $573.4 million, or 104.7% from $547.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 to $1,120.8 million for theyear ended December 31, 2015. This increase was primarily due to the growth in the Telecommunications segment along with the added contributions fromour Manufacturing and Marine Services segment acquisitions in 2014.Net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $316.8 million, or 137.3%, to $547.4 million from $230.7 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2013. The increase was primarily due to the inclusion of a partial year of revenues from our acquisitions in 2014 in the Manufacturing segmentof $348.3 million and $35.3 million in the Marine Services segment which was partially offset by a decrease in the Telecommunications segment of $68.7million. Operating Profit: Operating profit increased $15.8 million or 116.4% for the year ended December 31, 2015 to $2.2 million from an operating loss of$13.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The positive results were primarily due to increased contributions from our Manufacturing and MarineServices segments of $31.6 million, partially offset by decreases in our remaining segments of $15.7 million. Operating loss for the year ended December 31, 2014 decreased to $13.6 million an improvement of $25.5 million or 65.2% from $39.1 million for theyear ended December 31, 2013. The decrease in operating loss was primarily due to operating income from our Manufacturing segment of $26.4 million andan improvement in operating income in our Telecommunications segment of $18.2 million, partially offset by an increase in the combined operating loss of$19.0 million in the other reported segments.Interest expense: Interest expense was $39.0 million and $12.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase ininterest expense primarily was due to the full year impact of the issuance of the Company’s 11% Senior Secured Notes due 2019 (“11% Notes”).Interest expense was $12.3 million and less than $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in interestexpense was primarily due to interest expense for issuances of debt related to the 2014 acquisitions and the issuance of the Company’s 11% Senior SecuredNotes due 2019 (“11% Notes”). Other income (expense), net: Other income (expense), net was an expense of $6.8 million and income of $0.7 million for the years ended December 31,2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase in expense was due to a settlement cost payment to our preferred holders, partially offset by interest income andnet gains related to our long-term investments.Other income (expense), net was income of $0.7 million and expense of $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.Income (loss) from equity investees: Loss from equity investees was $3.0 million and income of $2.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and2014, respectively. The decrease in income was due primarily due to the full year impact of investments within our Other segment that were made in thesecond half of 2014 which operated at a net loss.Income from equity investees was $2.7 million and zero for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase was due primarilyto the performance of GMSL's equity investments which was partially offset by the impact of investments within our Other segment that were made in thesecond half of 2014 which operated at a net loss.61Table of ContentsIncome tax benefit (expense): Income tax benefit was $10.9 million and $22.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.The benefit recorded in both periods relate to losses generated for which we expect to obtain benefits in the future. The tax benefit associated with lossesgenerated by certain businesses that do not qualify to be included in the U.S. consolidated income tax return are being reduced by a full valuation allowanceas we do not believe it is more-likely-than-not that the losses will be utilized prior to expiration. In addition, Genovel Orthopedics, Inc. ("Genovel") was nolonger eligible to be included in the HC2 Holdings, Inc. U.S. consolidated income tax return in July 2015, therefore, a full valuation allowance was recordedagainst the Genovel deferred tax assets during the third quarter of 2015.Income tax benefits were $22.9 million and $7.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in tax benefit wasdue primarily to the reversal of certain valuation allowances on our U.S. deferred tax assets. As further discussed further in Note 14 - "Income Taxes" to theconsolidated financial statements, based on the weight of positive and negative evidence, management concluded that US deferred tax assets would beutilized. On this basis the Company released a net valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets into earnings of $17.5 million. Preferred stock dividends and accretion: Preferred stock dividends and accretion was $4.3 million and $2.0 million for the years ended December 31,2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase was due to the full year impact of cash dividends on the preferred stock issued in 2014 and additional preferredstock issued in 2015.Preferred stock dividends and accretion was $2.0 million and zero for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase was dueto the issuance of preferred stock in May 2014 and September 2014.Segment Results of OperationsWe have included below certain pro forma results of operations for the Manufacturing, Marine Services and Utilities operating segments for the yearsended December 31, 2014 and 2013. These pro forma results give effect to the acquisitions of Schuff, GMSL and ANG as if they had occurred on January 1,2013. The pro forma results of operations were derived from the unaudited historical financial statements of Schuff for the year ended December 29, 2013 andfive months ended May 26, 2014; of GMSL for the year ended December 31, 2013 and nine months ended September 30, 2014; and of ANG for year endedDecember 31, 2013 and the seven months ended July 31, 2014. Certain pro forma amounts for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were adjusted forthe impact of purchase price accounting adjustments which were excluded from the results of operations discussion in the prior year Form 10-K. Managementbelieves that presenting pro forma results is important to understanding the Company’s financial performance, providing better analysis of trends in ourunderlying businesses as it allows for comparability to prior period results. The unaudited pro forma results of operations are not intended to represent or beindicative of the consolidated results of operations or financial condition of the Company that would have been reported had the acquisitions beencompleted as of their respective dates, and should not be construed as representative of the future consolidated results of operations or financial condition ofthe combined entity.In conjunction with the creation of our Insurance segment, the Company reviewed the components of its present segments prior to year end to determineif each legal entity was properly assigned to a segment based on how the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") views the business. In doing so thefollowing changes were made. The parent holding company of GMSL had been classified within Other, and was reclassified to Marine Services. The Non-operating Corporate segment now includes only the HC2 Holdings, Inc. legal entity; while previously it included other legal entities that had not met thedefinition of a separately reportable segment; those entities are now classified within Other.Manufacturing SegmentPresented below is a table that summarizes the results of operations of our Manufacturing segment and compares the amount of the change between theyear end periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 20152014 2014 Pro Forma 2013 2013 Pro Forma 2015 comparedto 2014 ProForma 2014 Pro Formacompared to2013 Pro FormaNet revenue $513,770 $348,318 $526,059 $— $416,142 $(12,289) $109,917 Cost of revenue 430,133 295,706 445,882 — 355,951 (15,749) 89,93162Table of ContentsSelling, general and administrativeexpenses 39,249 25,203 39,500 — 32,275 (251) 7,225Depreciation and amortization 2,016 1,053 4,313 — 3,566 (2,297) 747Other operating (income) expense 258 (2) 206 — 28 52 178Income (loss) from operations $42,114 $26,358 $36,158 $— $24,322 $5,956 $11,836Pro Forma amounts included above: Net revenue $(177,741) $(416,142) Cost of revenue (150,176) (355,951) Selling, general and administrativeexpenses (14,297) (32,275) Depreciation and amortization (3,260) (3,566) Other operating income (expense) (208) (28) Income (loss) from operations -GAAP $26,358 $— Net revenue: Net revenue from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $165.5 million, or 47.5%, to $513.8 millionfrom $348.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, net revenue from our Manufacturing segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 decreased $12.3 million, or 2.3%, to $513.8 million from $526.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease wasprimarily due to a lack of industrial market work, including automotive plant and oil and gas projects in the Midwest and Gulf Coast regions as well asdecreases in the Southeast and Southwest regions, partially offset by an increase in the Pacific region’s large scale commercial projects.On a pro forma basis, net revenue from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $109.9 million, or 26.4%, to $526.1million from $416.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase was primarily due to the ramp-up of major projects located in the Pacific,Midwest and Gulf Coast regions of the United States. The increase in Midwest and Gulf Coast regions was mostly due to increased work in the industrialmarket, including oil and gas projects. The increase in the Pacific region was due to several large commercial projects beginning in 2014. Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $134.4 million, or 45.5%, to $430.1million from $295.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, the cost of revenue from our Manufacturing segment for the yearended December 31, 2015 decreased $15.7 million, or 3.5%, to $430.1 million from $445.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease wasprimarily due to an increase in revenue and cost savings in the Pacific region.On a pro forma basis, cost of revenue from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $89.9 million, or 25.3%, to$445.9 million from $356.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase was primarily due to the increase in revenues. Cost of revenueincreased less than revenues due to several favorable settlements on projects in the Southwest and Gulf Coast regions.Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Manufacturing segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 increased $14.0 million, or 55.7%, to $39.2 million from $25.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis,selling, general and administrative expenses from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased slightly by $0.3 million, or0.6%, to $39.2 million from $39.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.On a pro forma basis, selling, general and administrative expenses from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $7.2million, or 22.4%, to $39.5 million from $32.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase was primarily due to additional employee-relatedcosts to support the increased revenues and higher bonus expense due to our improved financial performance.Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $1.0million, or 91.5%, to $2.0 million from $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, depreciation and amortization from ourManufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $2.3 million, or 53.3%, to $2.0 million from $4.3 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2014.On a pro forma basis, depreciation and amortization from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 201463Table of Contentsincreased $0.7 million, or 20.9%, to $4.3 million from $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.Other operating (income) expense: Other operating income from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased by $0.3million from less than $0.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, other operating income from our Manufacturing segment forthe year ended December 31, 2015 increased $0.1 million, or 25.2%, to $0.3 million from $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.On a pro forma basis, other operating income from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $0.2 million, or 635.7%,to $0.2 million from $28 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2013.Marine Services SegmentPresented below is a table that summarizes the results of operations of our Marine Services segment and compares the amount of the change betweenthe year end periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 20152014 2014 Pro Forma 2013 2013 Pro Forma 2015 comparedto 2014 ProForma 2014 Pro Formacompared to2013 Pro FormaNet revenue $134,926 $35,328 $167,672 $— $153,598 $(32,746) $14,074 Cost of revenue 92,959 23,466 111,563 — 112,486 (18,604) (923)Selling, general and administrativeexpenses 11,889 10,832 19,359 — 9,825 (7,470) 9,534Depreciation and amortization 17,255 4,424 18,245 — 17,776 (990) 469Other operating (income) expense 409 — 104 — (63) 305 167Income (loss) from operations $12,414 $(3,394) $18,401 $— $13,574 $(5,987) $4,827Pro Forma amounts included above: Net revenue $(132,344) $(153,598) Cost of revenue (88,097) (112,486) Selling, general and administrativeexpenses (8,527) (9,825) Depreciation and amortization (13,821) (17,776) Other operating income (expense) (104) 63 $(3,394) $— Net revenue: Net revenue from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $99.6 million, or 281.9%, to $134.9 millionfrom $35.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, net revenue from our Marine Services segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 decreased $32.7 million, or 19.5%, to $134.9 million from $167.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease can beprimarily attributed to reduction in the number of installation projects as a result of market conditions along with an unfavorable movement in foreigncurrency, which was partially offset by an increase of in telecom maintenance contract revenues.On a pro forma basis, net revenue from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $14.1 million, or 9.2%, to $167.7million from $153.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase was primarily due to currency fluctuations.Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $69.5 million, or 296.1%, to $93.0million from $23.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, cost of revenue from our Marine Services segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 decreased $18.6 million, or 16.7%, to $93.0 million from $111.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease can wasprimarily due to the reduced number of installation projects and foreign exchange movement impacting net revenue.On a pro forma basis, cost of revenue from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 decreased $0.9 million, or 0.8%, to $111.6million from $112.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease was primarily64Table of Contentsdue to a decrease in payroll costs due to a reduction in seafarer headcount.Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Marine Services segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 increased $1.1 million, or 9.8%, to $11.9 million from $10.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, selling,general and administrative expenses from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $7.5 million, or 38.6%, to $11.9million from $19.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease is attributable to acquisition and related charges booked in 2014 with nocomparable expenses in 2015. On a pro forma basis, selling, general and administrative expenses from our Marine Services segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2014 increased $9.5 million, or 97.0%, to $19.4 million from $9.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase was primarilydue to acquisition related charges booked in 2014 with additional relocation and severance costs as compared to 2013.Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $12.8million, or 290.0%, to $17.3 million from $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, depreciation and amortization from ourMarine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $1.0 million, or (5.4)%, to $17.3 million from $18.2 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2014. The decrease was primarily due to stabilization and the impact of purchase accounting adjustments in 2014.On a pro forma basis, depreciation and amortization from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $0.5 million, or2.6%, to $18.2 million from $17.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.Other operating income (expense): Other operating income from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $0.4million, or 100.0%, to $0.4 million from zero for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, other operating income from our Marine Servicessegment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $0.3 million, or 293.3%, to $0.4 million from $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.On a pro forma basis, other operating expense from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $0.2 million, or265.1%, from income of $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.TelecommunicationsPresented below is a table that summarizes the results of operations of our Telecommunications segment and compares the amount of the change betweenthe year end periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 20152014 2013 2015 comparedto 2014 2014 comparedto 2013Net revenue $460,355 $161,953 $230,686 $298,402 $(68,733) Cost of revenue 451,697 154,346 220,315 297,351 (65,969)Selling, general and administrative expenses 6,769 8,788 16,272 (2,019) (7,484)Depreciation and amortization 417 528 12,029 (111) (11,501)Other operating (income) expense 1,234 131 2,107 1,103 (1,976)Income (loss) from operations $238 $(1,840) $(20,037) $2,078 $18,197 Net revenue: Net revenue from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $298.4 million, or 184.3%, to $460.4million from $162.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase is primarily attributable to growth in wholesale traffic volumes due tocontinued expansion in the scale and number of customer relationships. The changing customer base has included a shift in sales focus towards largertelecom carriers with higher volume opportunity and characteristically lower credit risk. As a result, the significant increase in volumes and revenue havebeen accompanied by a reduction in collectability risk and costs to collect, but at a lower average margin contribution than in prior periods. Net revenue fromour Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 decreased $68.7 million, or 29.8%, to $162.0 million from $230.7 million for theyear ended December 31, 2013. The decrease was primarily due to a significant decline in both domestic and international call terminations year over year.Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $297.4 million, or 192.7%, to$451.7 million from $154.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase is directly65Table of Contentscorrelated to the growth in wholesale traffic volumes. Cost of revenue from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2014decreased $66.0 million, or 29.9%, to $154.3 million from $220.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease is directly correlated to thedecline in wholesale traffic volumes and the corresponding decrease in net revenue.Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Telecommunications segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 decreased $2.0 million, or 23.0%, to $6.8 million from $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease was primarilydue to the focus on cost controls. Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2014decreased $7.5 million, or 46.0%, to $8.8 million from $16.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease insalaries and benefits resulting from headcount reductions, lower occupancy costs and professional fees.Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased$0.1 million, or 21.0%, to $0.4 million from $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease was primarily due to stabilization in thesegment and non-comparative equipment disposal in 2014. Depreciation and amortization from our Telecommunications segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2014 decreased $11.5 million, or 95.6%, to $0.5 million from $12.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The 2013 results includedproperty, plant and equipment for the time PTGI ICS was held for sale. In accordance with GAAP, held for sale assets are not depreciated - once PTGI ICS wasno longer classified as held for sale in 2014, the business unit was required to record all unrecorded depreciation in the fourth quarter of 2013.Other operating (income) expense: Other operating (income) expense from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2015increased $1.1 million, or 842.0%, to $1.2 million of expense from $0.1 million of expense for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarilydue to the early termination of a lease. Other operating (income) expense from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2014decreased $2.0 million, or 93.8%, to $0.1 million of expense from $2.1 million of expense for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease was primarilydue to an asset impairment recorded in 2013.Utilities SegmentPresented below is a table that summarizes the results of operations of our Utilities segment and compares the amount of the change between the yearend periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 2015 2014 2014 Pro Forma 2013 2013 Pro Forma 2015 comparedto 2014 ProForma 2014 Pro Formacompared to2013 Pro FormaNet revenue $6,765 $1,839 $2,545 $— $785 $4,220 $1,760 Cost of revenue 3,871 824 1,287 — 733 2,584 554Selling, general and administrativeexpenses 2,147 1,178 1,616 — 496 531 1,120Depreciation and amortization 1,635 328 1,009 — — 626 1,009Income (loss) from operations $(888) $(491) $(1,367) $— $(444) $479 $(923)Pro Forma amounts included above: Net revenue $(706) $(785) Cost of revenue (463) (733) Selling, general and administrativeexpenses (438) (496) Depreciation and amortization (681) — Other operating income (expense) — — $(491) $— Net revenue: Net revenue from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $4.9 million, or 267.9%, to $6.8 million from $1.8million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, net revenue from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased$4.2 million, or 165.8%, to $6.8 million from $2.5 million for the year66Table of Contentsended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, net revenue from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $1.8 million, or224.2%, to $2.5 million from $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase across all actual and pro forma comparative periods wasprimarily due to an increase in the number of natural gas filling stations resulting from the growth of the business.Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $3.0 million, or 369.8%, to $3.9 millionfrom $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, cost of revenue from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31,2015 increased $2.6 million, or 200.8%, to $3.9 million from $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, cost of revenue fromour Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $0.6 million, or 75.6%, to $1.3 million from $0.7 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2013. The increase across all actual and pro forma comparative periods was primarily due to the increase in net revenue.Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31,2015 increased $1.0 million, or 82.3%, to $2.1 million from $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, selling, general andadministrative expenses from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $0.5 million, or 32.9%, to $2.1 million from $1.6 millionfor the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, selling, general and administrative expenses from our Utilities segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2014 increased $1.1 million, or 225.8%, to $1.6 million from $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase across actualand pro forma comparative periods was primarily due to an increase in payroll and benefits as a result of increased employee headcount, as well as increasesin insurance costs and professional fees that can be attributed to growth in the business.Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $1.3 million,or 398.5%, to $1.6 million from $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. On a pro forma basis, depreciation and amortization from our Utilitiessegment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $0.6 million, or 62.0%, to $1.6 million from $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Ona pro forma basis, depreciation and amortization from our Utilities segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $1.0 million, or 100.0%, to $1.0million from zero for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase across all actual and pro forma periods was primarily due to the increase in the numberof natural gas filling stations placed in service.Life Sciences SegmentPresented below is a table that summarizes the results of operations of our Life Sciences segment and compares the amount of the change between theyear end periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 2015 2014 2013 2015 comparedto 2014 2014 comparedto 2013Selling, general and administrative expenses $6,383 $4,761 $— $1,622 $4,761Depreciation and amortization 21 1 — 20 1Income (loss) from operations $(6,404) $(4,762) $— $(1,642) $(4,762) Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Life Sciences segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 increased $1.6 million, or 34.1%, to $6.4 million from $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily dueto headcount additions, professional fees, research and development and travel expenses associated with early stage companies formed in 2014. Selling,general and administrative expenses from our Life Sciences segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $4.8 million, or 100.0%, to $4.8 millionfrom zero for the year ended December 31, 2013.Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Life Sciences segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $20.0thousand, or 2,000.0%, to $21.0 thousand from $1.0 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2014. Depreciation and amortization from our Life Sciencessegment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $1.0 thousand, or 100.0%, to $1.0 thousand from zero for the year ended December 31, 2013.Other SegmentPresented below is a table that summarizes the results of operations of our Other segment and compares the amount of the change between the year endperiods (in thousands):67Table of Contents Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 2015 2014 2013 2015 comparedto 2014 2014 compared to2013Net revenue $2,125 $— $— $2,125 $— Cost of revenue 3,963 — — 3,963 —Selling, general and administrative expenses 2,426 221 — 2,205 221Depreciation and amortization 1,934 — 3 1,934 (3)Other operating (income) expense — — 676 — (676)Income (loss) from operations $(6,198) $(221) $(679) $(5,977) $458 The primary component of our Other segment in 2015 is DMi, Inc. ("DMi") which owns licenses to create and distribute NASCAR® video games.Net revenue: Net revenue from our Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $2.1 million, or 100.0%, to $2.1 million from zero forthe year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to product sales of console and PC versions of NASCAR® '15.Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $4.0 million, or 100.0%, to $4.0 million fromzero for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to development costs related to the next version of the NASCAR® game.Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Other segment for the year ended December 31,2015 increased $2.2 million, or 997.7%, to $2.4 million from $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to thegrowth of the business through increases in headcount, professional fees and travel and entertainment. Selling, general and administrative expenses from ourOther segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $0.2 million, or 0.0%, to $0.2 million from 0.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.General and administrative expenses primarily consisted of executive management severance and all other Corporate related selling, general andadministrative expenses for the legacy businesses.Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $1.9 million, or100.0%, to $1.9 million from zero for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to the amortization of intangible assets establishedat acquisition.Non-operating CorporatePresented below is a table that summarizes the results of operations of our Non-operating Corporate segment and compares the amount of the changebetween the year end periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 2015 2014 2013 2015 comparedto 2014 2014 comparedto 2013Selling, general and administrative expenses $38,869 $29,256 $18,420 $9,613 $10,836Other operating (income) expense 2 — — 2 —Income (loss) from operations $38,871 $29,256 $18,420 $9,615 $10,836Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our non-operating Corporate segment for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 increased $9.6 million, or 32.9%, to $38.9 million from $29.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarilydue to a $9.9 million increase in professional fees, primarily attributable to legal and accounting fees for acquisition related activities, and a $2.9 millionincrease in payroll and benefits as a result of an increase in employee headcount, partially offset by decreases in bonus amounts and share-based paymentexpense of $3.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively.Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $10.8 million,or 58.8%, to $29.3 million from $18.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase68Table of Contentswas primarily due to a $9.2 million in share-based payment expense, a $3.0 million increase in professional fees, primarily attributable to legal andaccounting fees for acquisition related activities and a $3.1 million increase in occupancy expense as a result of rent and termination fees for legacy officeand switch site locations, partially offset by a $4.7 million decrease in executive severance costs.Income (loss) from Equity InvestmentsPresented below is a table that summarizes the income (loss) from equity investments within our Marine Services and Other segments and compares theamount of the change between the year end periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 2015 2014 2013 2015 comparedto 2014 2014 comparedto 2013Marine Services $11,921 $3,552 $— $8,369 $3,552Life Sciences (891) (35) — (856) (35)Other (14,045) (852) — (13,193) (852)Income (loss) from equity investments $(3,015) $2,665 $— $(5,680) $2,665 Marine Services: Income from equity investments from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $8.4 million, or235.6%, to $11.9 million from $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to the full year impact of its investees andan improvement in their performance. Income from equity investments from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased$3.6 million, or 100%, to $3.6 million from zero for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase was due to our acquisition of GMSL in 2014.Life Sciences: Loss from equity investments from our Life Sciences segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $0.9 million to $0.9 millionfrom $35 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due various equity investments made in the fourth quarter of 2014.Loss from equity investments from our Life Sciences segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $35 thousand to $35 thousand from zero forthe year ended December 31, 2013.Other: Loss from equity investments from our Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $13.2 million, or 1,548.5%, to $14.0million from $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to losses from Novatel Wireless, Inc. in which we have anapproximate 22% ownership interest. Loss from equity investments from our Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased $0.9 million, or100%, to $0.9 million from zero for the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase was primarily due to our acquisition of various equity investments in2014.Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other InformationAdjusted EBITDAManagement believes that Adjusted EBITDA provides investors with meaningful information for gaining an understanding of our results as it isfrequently used by the financial community to provide insight into an organization’s operating trends and facilitates comparisons between peer companies,since interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and the other items listed in the definition of Adjusted EBITDA below can differ greatly betweenorganizations as a result of differing capital structures and tax strategies. Adjusted EBITDA can also be a useful measure of a company’s ability to servicedebt. While management believes that non-US GAAP measurements are useful supplemental information, such adjusted results are not intended to replaceour US GAAP financial results.In 2015, we adjusted our definition of Adjusted EBITDA to exclude the adjustment for income (loss) from equity investees. We believe that the incomegenerated by the equity investees of our Marine Services segment is an integral part of the segment's operating results. For consistency purposes we appliedthe same treatment to the equity investees within our Other segment. For the year ended December 31, 2014, this change resulted in an increase in AdjustedEBITDA of $4.7 million and $6.3 million on an as reported and pro forma basis, respectively.The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, as defined by us, consists of Net income (loss) as adjusted for depreciation and amortization; asset impairmentexpense; gain (loss) on sale or disposal of assets; lease termination costs; interest expense; loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt; other income(expense), net; foreign currency transaction gain (loss); income tax69Table of Contents(benefit) expense; gain (loss) from discontinued operations; noncontrolling interest; share-based compensation expense; acquisition related costs; and othercosts.We have included below certain pro forma financial information for the year ended December 31, 2014 for the Manufacturing, Marine Services andUtilities operating segments. These pro forma results give effect to the acquisitions of Schuff, GMSL and ANG as if they had occurred on January 1, 2014.The pro forma results of operations were derived from the unaudited historical financial statements of Schuff for the five months ended May 26, 2014; ofGMSL for the nine months ended September 30, 2014; and of ANG for the seven months ended July 31, 2014. Management believes that presenting proforma results provides important information to investors to help them understand the Company’s financial performance, by providing analysis of trends inour underlying businesses as it allows for comparability to prior period results. Unaudited pro forma Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to represent or beindicative of the consolidated results of operations or financial condition of the Company that would have been reported had the acquisitions beencompleted as of their respective dates, and should not be construed as representative of the future consolidated results of operations or financial condition ofthe combined entity. Our Adjusted EBITDA was $51.9 million and $75.3 million (pro forma) for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The drivers of thedecrease in Adjusted EBITDA includes the full year impact of losses from equity investments made in the second half of 2014 in our Other segment,principally losses from our share of the net loss of Novatel Wireless , Inc., operating losses from early stage investments in our Life Sciences and Othersegments and a decrease in operating income from our Marine Services segment driven by a reduction in installation projects attributable to marketconditions, as well as an unfavorable movement in foreign currency exchange (in thousands). Year Ended December 31, 2015 Manufacturing MarineServices Insurance Telecommunications Utilities LifeSciences Non-operatingCorporate Other HC2Holdings,Inc.Net income (loss)$24,451 $20,855 $1,327 $2,779 $(274) $(4,575) $(61,852) $(18,276) $(35,565)Adjustments to reconcile netincome (loss) to AdjustedEBITDA: Depreciation and amortization2,016 17,256 2 417 1,635 20 — 1,934 23,280Depreciation and amortization(included in cost of revenue)7,659 — — — — — — — 7,659Asset impairment expense— 547 — — — — — — 547(Gain) loss on sale ordisposal of assets257 (138) — 50 — — — 1 170Lease termination costs— — — 1,184 — — 1 1,185Interest expense1,379 3,803 — — 42 — 33,793 — 39,017Other (income) expense, net(443) (1,340) (56) (2,304) (42) (1) 5,242 5,764 6,820Foreign currency (gain) loss(included in cost of revenue)— (2,039) — — — — — — (2,039)Income tax (benefit) expense15,572 400 (1,448) (237) (347) (1,037) (16,052) (7,733) (10,882)Loss from discontinuedoperations20 — — — — — — 1 21Noncontrolling interest1,136 616 — — (267) (1,681) — (1) (197)Share-based paymentexpense— — — — 49 71 10,982 — 11,102Acquisition related costs— — — — 70 23 8,362 — 8,455Other costs— 2,181 — 121 — — — — 2,302Adjusted EBITDA$52,047 $42,141 $(175) $2,010 $866 $(7,180) $(19,525) $(18,309) $51,87570Table of Contents As Reported Pro Forma Year Ended December 31, 2014(in thousands)HC2 Holdings,Inc. Manufacturing MarineServices Insurance Telecommunications Utilities LifeSciences Non-operatingCorporate Other HC2 Holdings,Inc.Net income (loss)$(14,391) $19,278 $17,718 $— $(1,068) $236 $(3,759) $(51,410) $29,219 $10,214Adjustments toreconcile netincome (loss) toAdjustedEBITDA: Depreciationandamortization6,334 4,139 14,776 — 528 484 1 — — 19,928Depreciationandamortization(included incost ofrevenue)4,350 4,350 — — — — — — — 4,350Assetimpairmentexpense291 — — — 291 — — — — 291(Gain) loss onsale ordisposal ofassets(162) (2) 104 — (160) — — — — (58)Leaseterminationcosts— — — — — — — — — —Interestexpense12,347 1,627 4,708 — 1 20 — 10,700 — 17,056Loss on earlyextinguishmentof debt11,969 — — — — — — 11,969 — 11,969Other(income)expense, net(702) (476) (2,410) — (831) (1,431) — 217 1,610 (3,321)Foreigncurrency(gain) loss(included incost ofrevenue)— — — — — — — — — —Income tax(benefit)expense(22,869) 13,318 1,069 — 58 103 — (963) (31,828) (18,243)Loss fromdiscontinuedoperations146 35 3,007 — — — — — 157 3,199Noncontrollinginterest2,559 3,569 3,059 — — 229 (1,038) — 1 5,820Share-basedpaymentexpense11,028 — — — — — — 11,028 — 11,028Acquisitionrelated costs13,044 — 7,966 — — — — 5,078 — 13,044Other costs— — — — — — — — — —AdjustedEBITDA$23,944 $45,838 $49,997 $— $(1,181) $(359) $(4,796) $(13,381) $(841) $75,277Manufacturing: Adjusted EBITDA from our Manufacturing segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $6.2 million, or 13.5%, to $52.0million from $45.8 million (on a pro forma basis) for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to the increase in operating incomegenerated during the year.Marine Services: Adjusted EBITDA from our Marine Services segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $7.9 million, or 15.7%, to $42.1million from $50.0 million (on a pro forma basis) for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in revenue resultingfrom a reduction in the number of installation projects and vessel charters when compared to 2014, and the unfavorable year over year decline in foreigncurrency transaction gain/loss, partially offset by an increase in income from equity investees.Telecommunications: Adjusted EBITDA from our Telecommunications segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $3.2 million, or270.2%, to $2.0 million from $(1.2) million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to management restructuring efforts andcost control measures resulting in selling, general and administrative expense and fixed network cost reductions, combined with increased margincontribution from growth in wholesale traffic volumes resulting from continued expansion in the scale and number of customer relationships.Life Sciences: Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Life Sciences segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $2.4 million or, 49.7% to $7.2million from $4.8 million due to increased costs at early stage subsidiaries.Non-operating Corporate: Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $6.1million, or 45.9%, to $19.5 million from $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase in the loss was primarily due to an increase inprofessional fees, primarily attributable to legal and accounting fees related to acquisition and financing activities and an increase in payroll and benefits as aresult of an increase in employee headcount,71Table of Contentspartially offset by decreases in bonus amounts.Other: Adjusted EBITDA loss from the Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $17.5 million, or 2187%, to $18.3 million from$0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase in the loss was primarily due to the full year impact of our early stage investments andequity method investments.Discontinued Operations2015 and 2014 Developments—There were no additional discontinued operations in 2015 or 2014.2013 Developments—In the second quarter of 2013, the Company sold its BLACKIRON Data segment. In addition, in the second quarter of 2013, theCompany entered into a definitive purchase agreement to sell its North America Telecom segment and sought shareholder approval of such transaction. OnJuly 31, 2013, the Company completed the initial closing of the sale of its North America Telecom segment (see Note 23—“Discontinued Operations”). Inconjunction with the initial closing of the sale of the North America Telecom segment, the Company redeemed its outstanding debt issued by PTGiInternational Holding, Inc. (f/k/a Primus Telecommunications Holding, Inc., “PTHI”) on August 30, 2013. Because the debt was required to be repaid as aresult of the sale of North America Telecom, the interest expense and loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt of PTHI has been allocated todiscontinued operations. The closing of the sale of Primus Telecommunications, Inc. (“PTI”) (the remaining portion of the North America Telecom segmentsubject to the applicable purchase agreement) was completed on July 31, 2014. Prior to the closing, PTI had been included in discontinued operations as aresult of being held for sale. In December 2013, based on management’s assessment of the requirements under ASC 360, it was determined that ICS no longermet the criteria of a held for sale asset. On February 11, 2014, the Board of Directors officially ratified management’s December 2013 assessment, andreclassified ICS from held for sale to held and used, effective December 31, 2013. As a result, ICS became classified as a continuing operation. ICS had beenclassified as a discontinued operation since the second quarter of 2012 as a result of being held for sale.Summarized operating results of the discontinued operations are as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Net revenue$— $7,530 $132,515Operating expenses38 7,610 119,392Income (loss) from operations(38) (80) 13,123Interest expense— (17) (11,362)Gain (loss) on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt— — (21,124)Other income (expense), net4 (60) (51)Foreign currency transaction gain (loss)— — (378)Income (loss) before income tax benefit (expense)(34) (157) (19,792)Income tax benefit (expense)13 132 171Income (loss) from discontinued operations$(21) $(25) $(19,621)Constant CurrencyWhen we refer to operating results on a constant currency basis, this means operating results without the impact of the currency exchange rate fluctuations.We calculate constant currency results using the prior year's currency exchange rate for both periods presented. We believe the disclosure of operating resultson a constant currency basis permits investors to better understand our underlying performance.Liquidity and Capital ResourcesShort- and Long-Term Liquidity Considerations and RisksWe are a holding company and our liquidity needs are primarily for dividend payments on our Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of theCompany (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), Series A-1 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of the Company (the “Series A-1 Preferred Stock”) and SeriesA-2 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of the Company (together with the Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock, the “PreferredStock”). We also have liquidity needs related to interest payments on our 11% Notes and any other long-term debt, professional fees (including advisoryservices,72Table of Contentslegal and accounting fees), salaries and benefits, office rent, insurance costs and certain support services. Our current sources of liquidity are our cash, cashequivalents and investments, and distributions from our subsidiaries.Our subsidiaries' principal liquidity requirements arise from cash used in operating activities, purchases of network equipment, including switches,related transmission equipment and capacity, steel manufacturing equipment and subsea cable equipment, development of back-office systems and incometaxes. We have financed our growth and operations to date, and expect to finance our future growth and operations, through public offerings and privateplacements of debt and equity securities, credit facilities, vendor financing, capital lease financing and other financing arrangements, as well as cashgenerated from our operations. As of December 31, 2015, we had $158.6 million of cash and cash equivalents compared to $108.0 million as of December 31, 2014. As of December 31,2015, we had $372.0 million of indebtedness compared to $335.5 million as of December 31, 2014, and as of December 31, 2015, we had $52.6 million ofoutstanding Preferred Stock compared to $39.8 million as of December 31, 2014. We are required to make semi-annual interest payments on our outstanding11% Notes on June 1st and December 1st of each year. We are required to make dividend payments on our outstanding Preferred Stock on January 15th, April15th, July 15th, and October 15th of each year.We believe that we will continue to meet our liquidity requirements and fund our fixed obligations (such as operating leases) and other cash needs forour operations for at least the next twelve months.The ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to have access to and or generate sufficient net income and cash flows to make upstream cash distributions andfund their operations is subject to numerous factors, including restrictions contained in each subsidiary’s financing agreements, availability of sufficientfunds in each subsidiary and the approval of such payment by each subsidiary’s board of directors, which must consider various factors, including generaleconomic and business conditions, tax considerations, strategic plans, financial results and condition, expansion plans, any contractual, legal or regulatoryrestrictions on the payment of dividends, and such other factors each subsidiary’s board of directors considers relevant. In addition, one or more subsidiariesmay issue, repurchase, retire or refinance, as applicable, their debt or equity securities for a variety of purposes, including in order to grow their businesses,pursue acquisition activities or to manage their liquidity needs. Any such issuance may limit a subsidiary’s ability to make upstream cash distributions. TheCompany’s liquidity may also be impacted by the capital needs of its current and future subsidiaries. Such entities may require additional capital to maintainor grow their businesses, or make payments on their indebtedness.We expect our cash, cash equivalents and investments to continue to be a source of liquidity except to the extent they may be used to fund acquisitionsof operating businesses or assets. Depending on a variety of factors, including the general state of capital markets, operating needs or acquisition size andterms, the Company and its subsidiaries may raise additional capital through the issuance of equity, debt or both. There is no assurance, however, that suchcapital will be available at that time, in the amounts necessary or on terms satisfactory to the Company. We expect to service any such new additional debtthrough dividends received from our subsidiaries. We may also seek to repurchase, retire or refinance, as applicable, all or a portion of, our indebtedness orour common or preferred stock through open market purchases, tender offers, negotiated transactions, exchanges for debt or equity securities or otherwise.Pro Forma Capital ExpendituresPro forma capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 include pro forma financial information for the Manufacturingand Marine Services operating segments. These pro forma capital expenditures give effect to the acquisitions of Schuff and GMSL as if they had occurred onJanuary 1, 2013. Pro forma capital expenditures consist of the following (in thousands):73Table of Contents As Reported Pro Forma Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 2014 2013Manufacturing$4,969 $5,039 $— $10,858 $9,989Marine Services10,651 (863) — 3,345 16,135Insurance— — — — —Telecommunications449 42 1,390 42 1,390Utilities4,750 803 — 803 —Life Sciences271 — — — —Other (1)234 798 11,187 798 11,137Total$21,324 $5,819 $12,577 $15,846 $38,651 (1) Other also includes capital expenditures related to discontinued operations.The above capital expenditures exclude assets acquired under terms of capital lease and vendor financing obligations.CIG Capital ContributionsIn connection with the Company’s acquisition of CIG, the Company contributed to the acquired companies approximately $33.0 million of additionalassets, as required by the purchase agreement for the purpose of satisfying the reserve release amount of $13.0 million and offsetting the impact on theacquired companies’ statutory capital and surplus of the election to be made by the Company and the seller of the acquired companies pursuant to Section338(h)(10) of the Internal Revenue Code in connection with the transaction as soon as possible after closing.In connection with the consummation of the acquisition, the Company agreed with the Ohio Department of Insurance (ODOI) that, for five yearsfollowing the closing of the transaction, it will contribute to CGI cash or marketable securities acceptable to the ODOI to the extent required for CGI’s totaladjusted capital to be not less than 400% of CGI’s authorized control level risk-based capital (each as defined under Ohio law and reported in CGI’s statutorystatements filed with the ODOI). Similarly, the Company has agreed with the Texas Department of Insurance (TDOI) that, for five years following the closingof the transaction, it will contribute to UTA cash or other admitted assets acceptable to the TDOI to the extent required for UTA’s total adjusted capital to benot less than 400% of UTA’s authorized control level risk-based capital (each as defined under Texas law and reported in UTA’s statutory statements filedwith the TDOI). As of year-end, after taking into account the transactions described above, CGI’s total adjusted capital was approximately 455% of CGI’sauthorized control level risk-based capital and UTA’s total adjusted capital was approximately 514% of UTA’s authorized control level risk-based capital.Also in connection with the consummation of the acquisition, each of CGI and UTA entered into a capital maintenance agreement (each, a “CapitalMaintenance Agreement”, and collectively, the “Capital Maintenance Agreements”) with Great American Financial Resources, Inc. (“Great American”).Under each Capital Maintenance Agreement, if the applicable acquired company’s total adjusted capital reported in its annual statutory statements is lessthan 400% of its authorized control level risk-based capital, Great American has agreed to pay cash or assets to the applicable acquired company as requiredto eliminate such shortfall (after giving effect to any capital contributions made by the Company or its affiliates since the date of the relevant annualstatutory statement). Great American’s obligation to make such payments is capped at $25 million under the Capital Maintenance Agreement with UTA and$10 million under the Capital Maintenance Agreement with CGI (each, a “Cap”). Each of the Capital Maintenance Agreements will remain in effect fromJanuary 1, 2016 to January 1, 2021 or until payments by Great American thereunder equal the Cap. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company isrequired to indemnify Great American for the amount of any payments made by Great American under the Capital Maintenance Agreements.Restrictive Covenants The indenture governing our 11% Notes contains certain covenants limiting, among other things, the ability of the Company and certain subsidiaries ofthe Company to incur additional indebtedness; create liens; engage in sale-leaseback transactions; pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capitalstock; make certain restricted payments; sell assets; engage in transactions with affiliates; or consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of its assets to,another person. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. The indenture also includes two maintenance covenants: a maintenance of liquidity covenant and a maintenance of collateral coverage covenant. Themaintenance of liquidity covenant currently provides that the Company will not permit the aggregate74Table of Contentsamount of all unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of the Company and the Guarantors to be less than the Company’s obligations to pay interest on the11% Notes and all other debt of the Company and the Guarantors, plus mandatory cash dividends on the Company’s preferred stock, for the next 6 months. Beginning on November 20, 2015, unless the Company has a Collateral Coverage Ratio (as defined in the indenture) of at least 2:1, the maintenance ofliquidity covenant will provide that the Company will not permit the aggregate amount of all unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of the Company and theGuarantors to be less than the Company’s obligations to pay interest on the 11% Notes and all other debt of the Company and the Guarantors, plusmandatory cash dividends on the Company’s preferred stock, for the next 12 months. The collateral coverage covenant provides that the Company’sCollateral Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Indenture) calculated on a pro forma basis as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of Company may not be lessthan 1.25:1. As of December 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with these covenants in the indenture.The instruments governing the Company’s Preferred Stock also limit the Company’s and its subsidiaries ability to take certain actions, including, amongother things, to incur additional indebtedness; issue additional preferred stock; engage in transactions with affiliates; and make certain restricted payments.These limitations are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications.Summary of Consolidated Cash FlowsPresented below is a table that summarizes the cash provided or used in our activities and the amount of the respective increases or decreases in cashprovided or used from those activities between the fiscal periods (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, Increase / (Decrease) 2015 2014 2013 2015 compared to 2014 2014 compared to 2013Operating activities $(32,561) $3,663 $(20,315) $(36,224) $23,978Investing activities (14,742) (185,224) 258,144 170,482 (443,368)Financing activities 103,168 282,543 (250,102) (179,375) 532,645Effect of exchange rate changes on cash andcash equivalents (5,219) (2,001) (1,927) (3,218) (74)Net (decrease) increase in cash and cashequivalents $50,646 $98,981 $(14,200) $(48,335) $113,181Operating ActivitiesCash used in operating activities totaled $32.6 million for fiscal 2015 as compared to cash provided of $3.7 million for fiscal 2014. The $36.2 milliondecline was the result of a $54.4 million decrease in working capital, partially offset by an $18.2 million increase in net income, net of non-cash operatingactivity, resulting from the full year impact of our 2014 acquisitions offset in part by an increase in interest expense and the impact of our early stagesubsidiaries.Cash provided by operating activities totaled $3.7 million for fiscal 2014 as compared to cash used of $20.3 million for fiscal 2013. The $24.0million improvement was the result of (i) a $31.8 million increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities related to payments held due to year-endholidays in the Manufacturing segment, and (ii) a $21.2 million decrease in accounts receivable due to payments received, offset by (iii) a $23.8 milliondecrease in billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts as costs came in and reduced over billings in the Manufacturingsegment, and (iv) a $5.2 million decline in net income, net of non-cash operating activity.Investing ActivitiesCash used in investing activities during fiscal 2015 was $14.7 million primarily driven by (i) $54.6 million for the purchase of investments, (ii) $21.3million of capital expenditures, and (iii) $7.0 million paid for the acquisition of CIG, partially offset by (iv) $48.5 million acquired in the acquisition of CIG,(v) $12.2 million from the sale of investments, (vi) $5.0 million from the sale of property and equipment, and (vii) receipt of $4.6 million in dividends fromequity investees.Cash used in investing activities during fiscal 2014 was $185.2 million primarily driven by (i) $85.0 million for the Schuff acquisition, (ii) $26.1 millionfor additional purchases of Schuff stock, (iii) $130.4 million for the GMSL acquisition, (iv) $15.5 million for the ANG acquisition, (v) $14.2 million for theNovatel Wireless investment, (vi) $9.9 million for the R2 Dermatology investment, (vii) $9.9 million for the purchase of marketable securities, (viii) $5.8million for capital expenditures (ix) $5.6M million for the Nervve Technologies investment and (x) $4.2 million for the DMi, Inc. investment, partially offsetby (xi) $62.6 million cash acquired in the GMSL acquisition, and (xii) a $15.5 million contribution by the noncontrolling interest of ANG.75Table of ContentsCash provided by investing activities during fiscal 2013 was $258.1 million primarily driven by $270.6 million of net proceeds from the sale of ourBLACKIRON Data and North America Telecom segments, partially offset by $12.6 million of capital expenditures.Financing ActivitiesCash provided by financing activities during fiscal 2015 was $103.2 million primarily driven by (i) $564.9 million of proceeds from credit facilities,primarily in our Manufacturing segment, and the 11% Senior Secured Notes, and (ii) $54.0 million of proceeds from the issuance of common stock, (iii) $14.0million of proceeds from the issuance of Series A-2 preferred stock and (iv) a $6.0 million decrease in restricted cash, partially offset by (iv) $528.7 millionused to make principal payments on our credit facilities, primarily in our Manufacturing segment, and (v) $5.7 million in dividend payments.Cash provided by financing activities during fiscal 2014 was $282.5 million primarily driven by (i) $915.9 million of proceeds from credit facilities andour 11% Senior Secured Notes, (ii) $40.0 million of net proceeds from the issuance of series A preferred stock ($29.0 million) and series A-1 preferred stock($11.0 million), (iii) $6.0 million of proceeds from the issuance of common stock in conjunction with the Schuff acquisition, and (iv) $24.3 million ofproceeds primarily from the exercise of warrants, offset by (v) $689.7 million used to make principal payments on then-existing credit facilities, and (vi)$12.3 million in financing fees.Cash used in financing activities during fiscal 2013 was $250.1 million primarily driven by (i) $128.0 million for the redemption of the 13% SeniorSecured Notes, 10% Senior Secured Notes and 10% Senior Secured Exchange Notes, (ii) $119.8 million for a special cash dividend to our shareholders, (iii)$1.2 million of fees on the redemption of the 13% Senior Secured Notes, 10% Senior Secured Notes and 10% Senior Secured Exchange Notes, (iv) $1.2million of dividend equivalents to our shareholders, (v) $1.0 million to satisfy the tax obligations for shares issued under share-based compensationarrangements, partially offset by (vi) $1.1 million in proceeds from the exercise of warrants and stock options.Contractual ObligationsThe obligations set forth in the table below reflect the contractual payments of principal and interest that existed as of December 31, 2015: Payments Due By PeriodContractual ObligationsTotal Less than 1 year 1-3 years 3-5 years More than 5 yearsLife, accident and health liabilities (1)$1,116,224 $68,729 $80,085 $59,418 $907,992Annuities (1)214,004 15,693 28,955 25,725 143,631Operating leases28,489 5,797 8,333 5,347 9,012Capital leases65,007 6,724 16,965 20,495 20,823Notes payable (2)463,071 44,162 76,321 342,588 —Total contractual obligations$1,886,795 $141,105 $210,659 $453,573 $1,081,458(1) Net of reinsurance recoverable(2) Interest is calculated using stated interest rates as shown in Note 12—“Long Term Obligations” to our consolidated financial statements.We have contractual obligations to utilize network facilities from certain carriers with terms greater than one year. We generally do not purchase orcommit to purchase quantities in excess of normal usage or amounts that cannot be used within the contract term.Other Invested AssetsThe Company's other invested assets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are summarized as follows (in thousands):76Table of Contents 2015 2014 Cost Method Equity Method Fair Value Total Cost Method Equity Method TotalCommon Equity DeepOcean Group $249 $— $— $249 $— $— $—Novatel Wireless, Inc. — 6,475 — 6,475 — 10,462 10,462 249 6,475 — 6,724 — 10,462 10,462Preferred Equity mParticle 655 — — 655 — — —BeneVir Biopharm, Inc. — 1,179 — 1,179 — 1,915 1,915MediBeacon, Inc. — 2,709 — 2,709 — — —NerVve Technologies, Inc. — 3,634 — 3,634 — 5,538 5,538Triple Ring Technologies, Inc. 1,000 — — 1,000 — — — 1,655 7,522 — 9,177 — 7,453 7,453Warrants and Call Options DeepOcean Group 784 — — 784 — — —Novatel Wireless, Inc. 3,097 — — 3,097 2,956 — 2,956The Andersons, Inc. — — 632 632 — — —DTV America — — 723 723 — — —NerVve Technologies, Inc. — — 52 52 — — —Gaming Nation, Inc. — — 3,436 3,436 — — — 3,881 — 4,843 8,724 2,956 — 2,956Other Equity Kaneland, LLC — 988 — 988 — 1,151 1,151Other — 183 — 183 — — — — 1,171 — 1,171 — 1,151 1,151GMSL Joint Ventures Huawei Marine Networks Co., Ltd — 16,073 — 16,073 — 10,943 10,943International Cableship Pte., Ltd. — 498 — 498 — 2,995 2,995S. B. Submarine Systems Co., Ltd. — 9,513 — 9,513 — 13,061 13,061Visser Smit Global Marine Pte — 418 — 418 — 464 464Sembawang Cable Depot Pte., Ltd. — 822 — 822 — 1,031 1,031Global Cable Technology Ltd. — — — — — 50 50 — 27,324 — 27,324 — 28,543 28,543Total other invested assets $5,784 $42,492 $4,843 $53,119 $2,956 $47,610 $50,566SchuffCash FlowsCash flow from operating activities is the principal source of cash used to fund Schuff’s operating expenses, interest payments on debt, and capitalexpenditures. Its short-term cash needs are primarily for working capital to support operations including receivables, inventories, and other costs incurred inperforming its contracts. Schuff attempts to structure the payment arrangements under its contracts to match costs incurred under the project. To the extent itis able to bill in advance of costs incurred, Schuff generates working capital through billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompletedcontracts. To the extent it is not able to bill in advance of costs, Schuff relies on its credit facilities to meet its working capital needs. Schuff believes that itsexisting borrowing availability together with cash from operations will be adequate to meet all funding requirements for its operating expenses, interestpayments on debt and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future.Schuff is required to make monthly interest payments on all of its debt. Based upon the December 31, 2015 debt balance of $16.0 million, Schuffanticipates that its monthly interest payments will be approximately $63,000 each.77Table of ContentsSchuff estimates that its capital expenditures for 2016 will be approximately $6.5 million. It believes that its available funds, cash generated byoperating activities and funds available under its bank credit facilities will be sufficient to fund these capital expenditures and its working capital needs.However, Schuff may expand its operations through future acquisitions and may require additional equity or debt financing.GMSLMarket EnvironmentThe exchange rates between the US dollar, the Singapore dollar and the British pound have fluctuated in recent periods and may fluctuate substantiallyin the future. Accordingly, any material appreciation of the British pound against the U.S. dollar and Singapore dollar could have a negative impact onGMSL's results of operations and financial condition.The joint ventures in which GMSL has operating activities or interests that are located outside the United States are subject to certain risks related to theindirect ownership and development of, or investment in, foreign subsidiaries, including government expropriation and nationalization, adverse changes incurrency values and foreign exchange controls, foreign taxes, U.S. taxes on the repatriation of funds to the U.S., and other laws and regulations, any of whichmay have a material adverse effect on GMSL's investments, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.CIGMarket environmentAs of December 31, 2015, CIG was in a position to hold any investment security showing an unrealized loss until recovery, provided it remainscomfortable with the credit of the issuer. CIG does not rely on short-term funding or commercial paper and to date it has experienced no liquidity pressure,nor does it anticipate such pressure in the foreseeable future. CIG projects its reserves to be sufficient and believes its current capital base is adequate tosupport its business.Dividend LimitationsCIG is subject to Texas and Ohio statutory provisions that restrict the payment of dividends. The dividend limitations on CIG are based on statutoryfinancial results and regulatory approval. Statutory accounting practices differ in certain respects from accounting principles used in financial statementsprepared in conformity with GAAP. Significant differences include the treatment of deferred income taxes, required investment reserves, reserve calculationassumptions and surplus notes.Cash flowsCIG’s principal cash inflows from its from premiums, annuity deposits and insurance and investment product fees and other income. CIG’s principal cashinflows from its invested assets result from investment income and the maturity and sales of invested assets. The primary liquidity concern with respect tothese cash inflows relates to the risk of default by debtors and interest rate volatility. Additional sources of liquidity to meet unexpected cash outflows inexcess of operating cash inflows and current cash and equivalents on hand include selling short-term investments or fixed maturity securities.CIG's principal cash outflows relate to the payment of claims liabilities, interest credited and operating expenses. CIG’s management believes its currentsources of liquidity are adequate to meet its cash requirements for the next 12 months.Asset Liability ManagementCIG conducts its operations through operating subsidiaries. CIG's principal sources of cash flow from operating activities are insurance premiums andfees and investment income, where cash flows from investing activities are a result of maturities and sales of invested assets. In addition, CIG may issue debtand/or equity in the future to grow its business and/or pursue acquisition activities. The liquidity requirements of CIG’s regulated insurance subsidiaries principally relate to the liabilities associated with its insurance products, operatingcosts and expenses and income taxes. Liabilities arising from insurance products include the payment of benefits, as well as cash payments in connectionwith policy surrenders and withdrawals. CIG’s insurance subsidiaries have used cash flows from operations and investment activities to fund their liquidityrequirements.78Table of ContentsCIG’s insurance subsidiaries maintain investment strategies intended to provide adequate funds to pay benefits without forced sales of investments. Products having liabilities with longer durations, such as long-term care insurance, are matched with investments such as long-term fixed maturity securities. Shorter-term liabilities are matched with fixed maturity securities that have short- and medium-term fixed maturities. The types of assets in which CIG mayinvest are influenced by state laws, which prescribe qualified investment assets applicable to insurance companies. Within the parameters of these laws, CIGinvests in assets giving consideration to four primary investment objectives: (i) maintain robust absolute returns; (ii) provide reliable yield and investmentincome; (iii) preserve capital and (iv) provide liquidity to meet policyholder and other corporate obligations. The Insurance segment’s investment portfoliois designed to contribute stable earnings and balance risk across diverse asset classes and is primarily invested in high quality fixed income securities. Inaddition, at any given time, CIG’s insurance subsidiaries could hold cash, highly liquid, high-quality short-term investment securities and other liquidinvestment grade fixed maturity securities to fund anticipated operating expenses, surrenders and withdrawals.The ability of CIG’s subsidiaries to pay dividends and to make such other payments is limited by applicable laws and regulations of the states in whichits subsidiaries are domiciled, which subject its subsidiaries to significant regulatory restrictions. These laws and regulations require, among other things,CIG’s insurance subsidiaries to maintain minimum solvency requirements and limit the amount of dividends these subsidiaries can pay. Along with solvencyregulations, the primary driver in determining the amount of capital used for dividends is the level of capital needed to maintain desired financial strength inthe form of its subsidiaries Risk-Based Capital (“RBC”) ratio. CIG monitors its insurance subsidiaries’ compliance with the RBC requirements specified bythe National Association of Insurance Commissioners (the “NAIC”). As of December 31, 2015, each of CIG’s insurance subsidiaries has exceeded theminimum RBC requirements. CIG’s insurance subsidiaries paid no dividends to CIG in fiscal 2015 and have further each agreed with its state regulator to notpay dividends for three years following the completion of their acquisition on 12/24/2015.InvestmentsAs of December 31, 2015, the carrying value of CIG’s investment portfolio was approximately $1.3 billion and was divided among the following assetclasses (in thousands): December 31, 2015 Fair Value PercentU.S. Government and government agencies $17,083 1.3%States, municipalities and political subdivisions 386,260 29.5%Foreign government 6,429 0.5%Residential mortgage-backed securities 166,315 12.7%Commercial mortgage-backed securities 75,035 5.7%Asset-backed securities 34,451 2.6%Corporate and other 545,825 41.6%Common stocks (*) 28,645 2.2%Perpetual preferred stocks 31,057 2.4%Mortgage loans 1,252 0.1%Policy loans 18,476 1.4%Other invested assets 183 —%Total $1,311,011 100.0%(*) Balance includes fair value of certain securities held by the Company, which are either eliminated on consolidation or reported within other investedassets.Fixed Maturity SecuritiesInsurance statutes regulate the type of investments that CIG is permitted to make and limit the amount of funds that may be used for any one type ofinvestment. In light of these statutes and regulations, and CIG's business and investment strategy, CIG generally seeks to invest in (i) securities ratedinvestment grade by established nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (each, a nationally recognized statistical rating organization(“NRSRO”)), (ii) U.S. Government and government-sponsored agency securities, or (iii) securities of comparable investment quality, if not rated.As of December 31, 2015, CIG's fixed maturity AFS portfolio was approximately $1.2 billion. The following table summarizes the credit quality, byNRSRO rating, of CIG's fixed income portfolio (in thousands):79Table of Contents December 31, 2015Rating Fair Value PercentAAA, AA, A $790,215 64.2%BBB 286,861 23.3Total investment grade 1,077,076 87.5BB 36,190 2.9B 18,659 1.5CCC, CC, C 34,785 2.8D 25,261 2.1NR 39,427 3.2Total non-investment grade 154,322 12.5Total $1,231,398 100.0%Foreign CurrencyForeign currency translation can impact our financial results. During the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, approximately 36.4%%,19.2% and 52.9%, respectively, of our net revenue from continuing operations was derived from sales and operations outside the U.S. The reporting currencyfor our consolidated financial statements is the United States dollar (the “USD”). The local currency of each country is the functional currency for each of ourrespective entities operating in that country. In the future, we expect to continue to derive a portion of our net revenue and incur a portion of our operatingcosts from outside the U.S., and therefore changes in exchange rates may continue to have a significant, and potentially adverse, effect on our results ofoperations. Our risk of loss regarding foreign currency exchange rate risk is caused primarily by fluctuations in the USD/British pound sterling (“GBP”)exchange rate. Due to a percentage of our revenue derived outside of the U.S., changes in the USD relative to the GBP could have an adverse impact on ourfuture results of operations. We have agreements with certain subsidiaries for repayment of a portion of the investments and advances made to thesesubsidiaries. As we anticipate repayment in the foreseeable future, we recognize the unrealized gains and losses in foreign currency transaction gain (loss) onthe consolidated statements of operations. The exposure of our income from operations to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates is reduced in partbecause a majority of the costs that we incur in connection with our foreign operations are also denominated in local currencies.We are exposed to financial statement gains and losses as a result of translating the operating results and financial position of our internationalsubsidiaries. We translate the local currency statements of operations of our foreign subsidiaries into USD using the average exchange rate during thereporting period. Changes in foreign exchange rates affect the reported profits and losses and cash flows of our international subsidiaries and may distortcomparisons from year to year. By way of example, when the USD strengthens compared to the GBP, there could be a negative or positive effect on thereported results for our Telecommunications and Marine Services segments, depending upon whether such businesses are operating profitably or at a loss. Ittakes more profits in GBP to generate the same amount of profits in USD and a greater loss in GBP to generate the same amount of loss in USD. The oppositeis also true. For instance, when the USD weakens against the GBP, there is a positive effect on reported profits and a negative effect on reported losses.For the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, the USD was stronger on average as compared to the GBP. Forthe year ended December 31, 2014 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2013, the USD was stronger on average as compared to the GBP. Thefollowing tables demonstrate the impact of currency fluctuations on our net revenue for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:Net Revenue by Location—in USD (in thousands) Years Ended December 31, 2015vs 2014 2014vs 2013 2015 2014 2013 Variance $ Variance % Variance $ Variance %United Kingdom395,917 97,653 122,123 298,264 305.4% (24,470) (20.0)%Net Revenue by Location—in Local Currency (in thousands)80Table of Contents Years Ended December 31, 2015vs 2014 2014vs 2013 2015 2014 2013 Variance $ Variance % Variance $ Variance %United Kingdom (in GBP)259,130 59,989 78,371 199,141 332.0% (18,382) (23.5)% Critical Accounting PoliciesFair Value MeasurementsGeneral accounting principles for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures define fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset orpaid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between marketparticipants on the measurement date. These principles also establish a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputsand minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value and describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Active markets are defined as having the following characteristicsfor the measured asset/liability: (i) many transactions, (ii) current prices, (iii) price quotes not varying substantially among market makers, (iv) narrow bid/askspreads and (v) most information publicly available. The Company’s Level 1 financial instruments consist primarily of publicly traded equity securities andhighly liquid government bonds for which quoted market prices in active markets are available.Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; ormarket standard valuation techniques and assumptions with significant inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data forsubstantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Such observable inputs include benchmarking prices for similar assets in active, liquid markets, quotedprices in markets that are not active and observable yields and spreads in the market. The Company’s Level 2 financial instruments include corporate andmunicipal fixed maturity securities, mortgage-backed non-affiliated common stocks priced using observable inputs. Level 2 inputs include benchmarkyields, reported trades, corroborated broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads and benchmark securities. When non-binding broker quotes can be corroborated bycomparison to similar securities priced using observable inputs, they are classified as Level 2.Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the related assets or liabilities.Level 3 assets and liabilities include those whose value is determined using market standard valuation techniques. When observable inputs are not available,the market standard techniques for determining the estimated fair value of certain securities that trade infrequently, and therefore have little transparency, relyon inputs that are significant to the estimated fair value and that are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from or corroborated byobservable market data. These unobservable inputs can be based in large part on management judgment or estimation and cannot be supported by referenceto market activity. Even though unobservable, management believes these inputs are based on assumptions deemed appropriate given the circumstances andconsistent with what other market participants would use when pricing similar assets and liabilities. For the Company’s invested assets, this categoryprimarily includes private placements, asset-backed securities, and to a lesser extent, certain residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, amongothers. Prices are determined using valuation methodologies such as discounted cash flow models and other similar techniques. Non-binding broker quotes,which are utilized when pricing service information is not available, are reviewed for reasonableness based on the Company’s understanding of the market,and are generally considered Level 3. Under certain circumstances, based on its observations of transactions in active markets, the Company may concludethe prices received from independent third party pricing services or brokers are not reasonable or reflective of market activity. In those instances, theCompany would apply internally developed valuation techniques to the related assets or liabilities.Other than transactions described within Note 3. Business Combinations, the Company did not have any significant nonrecurring fair valuemeasurements of non-financial assets and liabilities in 2015 or 2014.In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of whichcategory within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fairvalue measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment andconsiders factors specific to the financial instrument.81Table of ContentsThe Company may utilize information from third parties, such as pricing services and brokers, to assist in determining the fair value for certain assets andliabilities; however, management is ultimately responsible for all fair values presented in the Company’s financial statements. This includes responsibility formonitoring the fair value process, ensuring objective and reliable valuation practices and pricing of assets and liabilities, and approving changes to valuationmethodologies and pricing sources. The selection of the valuation technique(s) to apply considers the definition of an exit price and the nature of the asset orliability being valued and significant expertise and judgment is required.ReinsurancePremium revenue and benefits are reported net of the amounts related to reinsurance ceded to and assumed from other companies. Expense allowancesfrom reinsurers are included in other operating and general expenses. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are estimated in a manner consistent with the claimliability associated with the reinsured policies.Accounting for Income TaxesWe recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of transactions and events. Under this method, deferred taxassets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement bases and the tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted taxrates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. If necessary, deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to an amountthat is determined to be more likely than not recoverable. We must make significant estimates and assumptions about future taxable income and future taxconsequences when determining the amount of the valuation allowance. The additional guidance provided by ASC No. 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”),clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. Expected outcomes of current or anticipated tax examinations,refund claims and tax-related litigation and estimates regarding additional tax liability (including interest and penalties thereon) or refunds resultingtherefrom will be recorded based on the guidance provided by ASC 740 to the extent applicable.At present, our U.S. and foreign companies have significant deferred tax assets resulting from tax loss carryforwards. The foreign deferred tax assets withminor exceptions are fully offset with valuation allowances. The appropriateness and amount of these valuation allowances are based on our assumptionsabout the future taxable income of each affiliate. If our assumptions have significantly underestimated future taxable income with respect to a particularaffiliate, all or part of the valuation allowance for the affiliate would be reversed and additional income could result. The valuation allowances for the U.S.NOL deferred tax assets were released in 2014.Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsUnder ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized but are reviewedannually for impairment, or more frequently, if impairment indicators arise. Intangible assets that have finite lives are amortized over their estimated usefullives and are subject to the provisions of ASC 360.Goodwill impairment is tested at least annually (October 1st) or when factors indicate potential impairment using a two-step process that begins with anestimation of the fair value of each reporting unit. Step 1 is a screen for potential impairment pursuant to which the estimated fair value of each reporting unitis compared to its carrying value. The Company estimates the fair values of each reporting unit by an estimation of the discounted cash flows of each of thereporting units based on projected earnings in the future (the income approach). If there is a deficiency (the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less thanits carrying value), a Step 2 test is required.Step 2 measures the amount of impairment loss, if any, by comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with its carrying amount. Theimplied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination is determined; i.e., throughan allocation of the fair value of a reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a businesscombination. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss shall be recognized inan amount equal to that excess.The Company also may utilize the provisions of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-8, “Testing Goodwill for Impairment” (“ASU 2011-8”),which allows the Company to use qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events82Table of Contentsor circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.The Company's goodwill is held by 5 separate reporting units, which are subject to their own annual test of impairment on October 1st: Schuff, ICS,ANG, GMSL and DMi.Estimating the fair value of a reporting unit requires various assumptions including projections of future cash flows, perpetual growth rates and discountrates. The assumptions about future cash flows and growth rates are based on the Company’s assessment of a number of factors, including the reporting unit’srecent performance against budget, performance in the market that the reporting unit serves, and industry and general economic data from third party sources.Discount rate assumptions are based on an assessment of the risk inherent in those future cash flows. Changes to the underlying businesses could affect thefuture cash flows, which in turn could affect the fair value of the reporting unit.Intangible assets not subject to amortization consist of certain licenses. Such indefinite lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually, ormore frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The impairment test shall consist of a comparison of the fairvalue of an intangible asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall berecognized in an amount equal to the excess.Intangible assets subject to amortization consists of certain trade names, customer contracts and developed technology. These finite lived intangibleassets are amortized based on their estimated useful lives. Such assets are subject to the impairment provisions of ASC 360, wherein impairment is recognizedand measured only if there are events and circumstances that indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The carrying amount is notrecoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset group. An impairment loss is recorded if afterdetermining that it is not recoverable, the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset.In addition to the foregoing, the Company reviews its goodwill and intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or circumstances indicatethat the carrying amounts of assets may not be recoverable. The factors that the Company considers important, and which could trigger an impairment review,include, but are not limited to: a more likely than not expectation of selling or disposing all, or a portion, of a reporting unit; a significant decline in themarket value of our common stock or debt securities for a sustained period; a material adverse change in economic, financial market, industry or sectortrends; a material failure to achieve operating results relative to historical levels or projected future levels; and significant changes in operations or businessstrategy.Valuation of Long-lived AssetsThe Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.In making such evaluations, the Company compares the expected undiscounted future cash flows to the carrying amount of the assets. If the total of theexpected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Company is required to make estimates of the fair value of thelong-lived assets in order to calculate the impairment loss equal to the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the assets.The Company makes significant assumptions and estimates in this process regarding matters that are inherently uncertain, such as determining assetgroups and estimating future cash flows, remaining useful lives, discount rates and growth rates. The resulting undiscounted cash flows are projected over anextended period of time, which subjects those assumptions and estimates to an even larger degree of uncertainty. While the Company believes that itsestimates are reasonable, different assumptions could materially affect the valuation of the long-lived assets. The Company derives future cash flow estimatesfrom its historical experience and its internal business plans, which include consideration of industry trends, competitive actions, technology changes,regulatory actions, available financial resources for marketing and capital expenditures and changes in its underlying cost structure.The Company makes assumptions about the remaining useful life of its long-lived assets. The assumptions are based on the average life of its historicalcapital asset additions and its historical asset purchase trend. In some cases, due to the nature of a particular industry in which the company operates, theCompany may assume that technology changes in such industry render all associated assets, including equipment, obsolete with no salvage value after theiruseful lives. In certain circumstances in which the underlying assets could be leased for an additional period of time or salvaged, the Company includes suchestimated cash flows in its estimate.The estimate of the appropriate discount rate to be used to apply the present value technique in determining fair value was the Company’s weightedaverage cost of capital which is based on the effective rate of its long-term debt obligations at the current83Table of Contentsmarket values (for periods during which the Company had long-term debt obligations) as well as the current volatility and trading value of the Company’scommon stock.Value of Business Acquired ("VOBA")VOBA is a liability that reflects the estimated fair value of in-force contracts in a life insurance company acquisition less the amount recorded asinsurance contract liabilities. It represents the portion of the purchase price that is allocated to the value of the rights to receive future cash flows from thebusiness in force at the acquisition date. A VOBA liability (negative asset) occurs when the estimated fair value of in-force contracts in a life insurancecompany acquisition is less than the amount recorded as insurance contract liabilities. Amortization is based on assumptions consistent with those used inthe development of the underlying contract adjusted for emerging experience and expected trends. VOBA amortization are reported within Depreciation andamortization in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.The VOBA balance is also periodically evaluated for recoverability to ensure that the unamortized portion does not exceed the expected recoverableamounts. At each evaluation date, actual historical gross profits are reflected, and estimated future gross profits and related assumptions are evaluated forcontinued reasonableness. Any adjustment in estimated future gross profits requires that the amortization rate be revised (“unlocking”) retroactively to thedate of the policy or contract issuance. The cumulative unlocking adjustment is recognized as a component of current period amortization.Annuity Benefits AccumulatedAnnuity receipts and benefit payments are recorded as increases or decreases in annuity benefits accumulated rather than as revenue and expense.Increases in this liability (primarily interest credited) are charged to expense and decreases for charges are credited to annuity policy charges revenue.Reserves for traditional fixed annuities are generally recorded at the stated account value.Life, Accident and Health ReservesLiabilities for future policy benefits under traditional life, accident and health policies are computed using the net level premium method. Computationsare based on the original projections of investment yields, mortality, morbidity and surrenders and include provisions for unfavorable deviations unless a lossrecognition event (premium deficiency) occurs. Claim reserves and liabilities established for accident and health claims are modified as necessary to reflectactual experience and developing trends.For long-duration contracts (such as traditional life and long-term care insurance policies), loss recognition occurs when, based on current expectationsas of the measurement date, existing contract liabilities plus the present value of future premiums (including reasonably expected rate increases) are notexpected to cover the present value of future claims payments and related settlement and maintenance costs (excluding overhead) as well as unamortizedacquisition costs. If a block of business is determined to be in loss recognition, a charge is recorded in earnings in an amount equal to the excess of thepresent value ofexpected future claims costs and unamortized acquisition costs over existing reserves plus the present value of expected futurepremiums (with no provision for adverse deviation). The charge is recorded as an additional reserve (if unamortized acquisition costs have been eliminated).In addition, reserves for traditional life and long-term care insurance policies are subject to adjustment for loss recognition charges that would have beenrecorded if the unrealized gains from securities had actually been realized. This adjustment is included in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, acomponent of AOCI.Use of EstimatesThe preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Theseestimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of theconsolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from theseestimates. Significant estimates include allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, the extent of progress towards completion on contracts, contract revenueand costs on long-term contracts, investments and the insurance reserves, market assumptions used in estimating the fair values of certain assets andliabilities, the calculation used in determining the fair value of HC2’s stock options required by ASC No. 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation”(“ASC 718”), income taxes and various other contingencies.84Table of ContentsEstimates of fair value represent the Company’s best estimates developed with the assistance of independent appraisals or various valuation techniquesand, where the foregoing have not yet been completed or are not available, industry data and trends and by reference to relevant market rates andtransactions. The estimates and assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies beyond the control of the Company.Accordingly, the Company cannot provide assurance that the estimates, assumptions, and values reflected in the valuations will be realized, and actualresults could vary materially.Revenue and Cost RecognitionGMSL - GMSL generates revenue by providing maintenance services for subsea telecommunications cabling. GMSL also generates revenues from thedesign and installation of subsea cables under contracts. GMSL also provides installation, maintenance and repair of fiber optic communication and powerinfrastructure to offshore oil and gas platforms and installs inter-array power cables for use in offshore wind farms and in the offshore wind market.Telecommunication/Maintenance - GMSL provides vessels on standby to repair fiber optic telecommunications cables in defined geographic zones, andits maintenance business is provided through contracts with consortia of up to 60 global telecommunications providers. Typically, GMSL enters into five toseven years contracts to provide maintenance to cable systems that are located in specific geographical areas. Revenue from these maintenance agreements isrecognized on a straight line basis unless the pattern of costs associated with repairs indicates otherwise.Telecommunications/Installation - GMSL provides installation of cable systems including route planning, mapping, route engineering, cable laying, andtrenching and burial. GMSL’s installation business is project-based with fixed price contracts typically lasting one to five months. Revenue is recognized ona time apportioned basis over the length of installation.Charter hire - rentals from short term operating leases in respect of vessels are recognized as revenue on a straight line basis over the term of the lease.Oil & Gas - GMSL provides installation, maintenance and repair of fiber optic communication and power infrastructure to offshore platforms. Its primaryactivities include providing power from shore, enabling fiber-based communication between platforms and shore-based systems and installing permanentreservoir monitoring systems which allow customers to monitor subsea seismic data. The majority of GMSL’s oil & gas business is contracted on a project-by-project basis with major energy producers or tier I engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractors. Revenue is recognized as time and costs areincurred.A loss is recognized immediately if the expected costs during any contract exceed expected revenues. Amounts billed in advance of revenue recognitionare recorded as deferred revenue.Schuff - Schuff performs its services primarily under fixed-price contracts and recognizes revenues and costs from construction projects using thepercentage of completion method. Under this method, revenue is recognized based upon either the ratio of the costs incurred to date to the total estimatedcosts to complete the project or the ratio of tons fabricated to date to total estimated tons. Revenue recognition begins when work has commenced. Costsinclude all direct material and labor costs related to contract performance, subcontractor costs, indirect labor, and fabrication plant overhead costs, which arecharged to contract costs as incurred. Revenues relating to changes in the scope of a contract are recognized when the work has commenced, Schuff has madean estimate of the amount that is probable of being paid for the change and there is a high degree of probability that the charges will be approved by thecustomer or general contractor. At December 31, 2015, Schuff had $165.2 million of unapproved change orders on open projects, for which it has recognizedrevenues on a percentage of completion basis. While Schuff has been successful in having the majority of its change orders approved in prior years, there isno guarantee that the unapproved change orders at December 31, 2015 will be approved. Revisions in estimates during the course of contract work arereflected in the accounting period in which the facts requiring the revision become known. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts aremade in the period a loss on a contract becomes determinable.Construction contracts with customers generally provide that billings are to be made monthly in amounts which are commensurate with the extent ofperformance under the contracts. Contract receivables arise principally from the balance of amounts due on progress billings on jobs under construction.Retentions on contract receivables are amounts due on progress billings, which are withheld until the completed project has been accepted by the customer.Costs and recognized earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts primarily represent revenue earned under the percentage of completionmethod which has not been billed. Billings in excess of related costs and recognized earnings on85Table of Contentsuncompleted contracts represent amounts billed on contracts in excess of the revenue allowed to be recognized under the percentage of completion methodon those contracts.ICS - Net revenue is derived from carrying a mix of business, residential and carrier long-distance traffic, data and Internet traffic. For certain voiceservices, net revenue is earned based on the number of minutes during a call, and is recorded upon completion of a call. Revenue for a period is calculatedfrom information received through the Company’s network switches. Customized software has been designed to track the information from the switch andanalyze the call detail records against stored detailed information about revenue rates. This software provides the Company the ability to do a timely andaccurate analysis of revenue earned in a period. Net revenue represents gross revenue, net of allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, service credits andservice adjustments. Cost of revenue includes network costs that consist of access, transport and termination costs. The majority of the Company’s cost ofrevenue is variable, primarily based upon minutes of use, with transmission and termination costs being the most significant expense.PensionsGMSL operates various pension schemes comprising both defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans. GMSL also makes contributions onbehalf of employees who are members of the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund (“MNOPF”).For the defined benefit plans and the MNOPF plan, the amounts charged to income (loss) from operations are the current service costs and the gains andlosses on settlements and curtailments. These are included as part of staff costs. Past service costs are recognized immediately if the benefits have vested. Ifthe benefits have not vested immediately, the costs are recognized over the period vesting occurs. The interest costs and expected return of assets are shownas a net amount and included in interest income and other income (expense). Actuarial gains and losses are recognized immediately in the consolidatedstatements of operations.Defined benefit plans are funded with the assets of the plan held separately from those of GMSL, in separate trustee administered funds. Pension planassets are measured at fair value and liabilities are measured on an actuarial basis using the projected unit method discounted at a rate of equivalent currencyand term to the plan liabilities. The actuarial valuations are obtained annually.For the defined contribution plans, the amount charged to income (loss) from operations in respect of pension costs is the contributions payable in theperiod. Differences between contributions payable in the period and contributions actually paid are shown as either accruals or prepayments in theconsolidated balance sheets.Share-Based CompensationThe Company accounts for share-based compensation under ASC No. 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”), which addresses theaccounting for share-based payment transactions whereby an entity receives employee services in exchange for equity instruments, including stock optionsand restricted stock units. ASC 718 generally requires that share-based compensation be accounted for using a fair-value based method. The Companyrecords share-based compensation expense for all new and unvested stock options that are ultimately expected to vest as the requisite service is rendered. TheCompany issues new shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options.The Company elected to adopt the alternative transition method for calculating the tax effects of share-based compensation. The alternative transitionmethod includes simplified methods to determine the beginning balance of the APIC pool related to the tax effects of share-based compensation and todetermine the subsequent impact on the APIC pool and the statement of cash flows of the tax effects of share-based awards that were fully vested andoutstanding upon the adoption of ASC 718.The Company uses a Black-Scholes option valuation model to determine the grant date fair value of share-based compensation under ASC 718. TheBlack-Scholes model incorporates various assumptions including the expected term of awards, volatility of stock price, risk-free rates of return and dividendyield. The expected term of an award is no less than the option vesting period and is based on the Company’s historical experience. Expected volatility isbased upon the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. The risk-free interest rate is approximated using rates available on U.S. Treasury securitieswith a remaining term similar to the option’s expected life. The Company uses a dividend yield of zero in the Black-Scholes option valuation model as itdoes not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future that do not contain antidilution provisions requiring the adjustment of exercise prices andoption shares. Share-based compensation is recorded net of expected forfeitures.86Table of ContentsOff-Balance Sheet ArrangementsSchuffSchuff’s off-balance sheet arrangements at December 31, 2015 included letters of credit of $3.9 million under a credit and security agreement withWells Fargo Credit, Inc. and performance bonds of $41.6 million.Schuff’s letters of credit are issued for the benefit of its workers’ compensation insurance carrier. Schuff’s workers’ compensation insurance carrierrequires standby letters of credit to be issued as collateral on all of its outstanding indemnity cases. The amount of collateral required is determined each yearand is provided to the carrier for outstanding indemnity claims not greater than 54 months old. The prior years’ levels of required collateral can be adjustedeach year based upon the costs incurred and settlements reached on the outstanding indemnity cases.Schuff’s contract arrangements with customers sometimes require Schuff to provide performance bonds to partially secure its obligations under itscontracts. Bonding requirements typically arise in connection with public works projects and sometimes with respect to certain private contracts. Schuff’sperformance bonds are obtained through surety companies and typically cover the entire project price.New Accounting PronouncementsFor a discussion of our “New Accounting Pronouncements,” refer to Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financialstatements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.Related Party TransactionsFor a discussion of our “Related Party Transactions,” refer to Note 19. Related Parties to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere inthis Annual Report on Form 10-K.Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking StatementsThis Annual Report on Form 10-K contains or incorporates a number of “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of theSecurities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are based on current expectations,and are not strictly historical statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “if,” “may,” “should,” “believe,”“anticipate,” “future,” “forward,” “potential,” “estimate,” “opportunity,” “goal,” “objective,” “growth,” “outcome,” “could,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,”“strategy,” “provide,” “commitment,” “result,” “seek,” “pursue,” “ongoing,” “include” or in the negative of such terms or comparable terminology. Theseforward-looking statements inherently involve certain risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of performance, results, or the creation of shareholdervalue, although they are based on our current plans or assessments which we believe to be reasonable as of the date hereof.HC2Important factors or risks that could cause HC2’s actual results to differ materially from the results we anticipate include, but are not limited to: •unanticipated issues related to the restatement of our financial statements;•our ability to remediate future material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting;•the possibility of indemnification claims arising out of divestitures of businesses;•uncertain global economic conditions in the markets in which our operating segments conduct their businesses;•the ability of our operating segments to attract and retain customers;•increased competition in the markets in which our operating segments conduct their businesses;•our possible inability to generate sufficient liquidity, margins, earnings per share, cash flow and working capital from our operating segments;•our expectations regarding the timing, extent and effectiveness of our cost reduction initiatives and management’s ability to moderate or controldiscretionary spending;87Table of Contents•management’s plans, goals, forecasts, expectations, guidance, objectives, strategies and timing for future operations, acquisitions, synergies, assetdispositions, fixed asset and goodwill impairment charges, tax and withholding expense, selling, general and administrative expenses, productplans, performance and results;•management’s assessment of market factors and competitive developments, including pricing actions and regulatory rulings;•limitations on our ability to successfully identify any strategic acquisitions or business opportunities and to compete for these opportunities withothers who have greater resources;•the impact of additional material charges associated with our oversight of acquired or target businesses and the integration of our financialreporting;•the impact of expending significant resources in considering acquisition targets or business opportunities that are not consummated;•tax consequences associated with our acquisition, holding and disposition of target companies and assets;•our dependence on distributions from our subsidiaries to fund our operations and payments on our obligations;•the impact of covenants in the Certificates of Designation governing HC2’s Preferred Stock, the 11% Notes Indenture, the credit agreementsgoverning the Schuff Facility and the GMSL Facility and future financing or refinancing agreements, on our ability to operate our business andfinance our pursuit of acquisition opportunities;•the impact on the holders of HC2’s common stock if we issue additional shares of HC2 common stock or preferred stock;•the impact of decisions by HC2’s significant stockholders, whose interest may differ from those of HC2’s other stockholders, or their ceasing toremain significant stockholders;•the effect any interests our officers, directors, stockholders and their respective affiliates may have in certain transactions in which we areinvolved;•our dependence on certain key personnel;•our ability to effectively increase the size of our organization, if needed, and manage our growth;•the impact of a determination that we are an investment company or personal holding company;•the impact of delays or difficulty in satisfying the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or negative reports concerningour internal controls;•the impact on our business and financial condition of our substantial indebtedness and the significant additional indebtedness and otherfinancing obligations we may incur;•our possible inability to raise additional capital when needed or refinance our existing debt, on attractive terms, or at all; and•our possible inability to hire and retain qualified executive management, sales, technical and other personnel.Marine Services / GMSLImportant factors or risks that could cause GMSL’s, and thus our Marine Services segment’s, actual results to differ materially from the results weanticipate include, but are not limited to: •the possibility of global recession or market downturn with a reduction in capital spending within the targeted market segments the businessoperates in;•project implementation issues and possible subsequent overruns;•risks associated with operating outside of core competencies when moving into different market segments;•possible loss or severe damage to marine assets;•vessel equipment aging or reduced reliability;•risks associated with operating two joint ventures in China (China Telecom, Huawei);•risks related to foreign corrupt practices;•changes to the local laws and regulatory environment in different geographical regions;88Table of Contents•loss of key senior employees;•difficulties attracting enough skilled technical personnel;•foreign exchange rate risk;•liquidity risk; and•potential for financial loss arising from the failure by customers to fulfil their obligations as and when these obligations fall due.Manufacturing / SchuffImportant factors or risks that could cause Schuff’s, and thus our Manufacturing segment’s, actual results to differ materially from the results weanticipate include, but are not limited to: •its ability to realize cost savings from expected performance of contracts, whether as a result of improper estimates, performance, or otherwise;•uncertain timing and funding of new contract awards, as well as project cancellations;•cost overruns on fixed-price or similar contracts or failure to receive timely or proper payments on cost-reimbursable contracts, whether as a resultof improper estimates, performance, disputes, or otherwise;•risks associated with labor productivity, including performance of subcontractors that Schuff hires to complete projects;•its ability to settle or negotiate unapproved change orders and claims;•changes in the costs or availability of, or delivery schedule for, equipment, components, materials, labor or subcontractors;•adverse impacts from weather affecting Schuff’s performance and timeliness of completion of projects, which could lead to increased costs andaffect the quality, costs or availability of, or delivery schedule for, equipment, components, materials, labor or subcontractors;•fluctuating revenue resulting from a number of factors, including the cyclical nature of the individual markets in which our customers operate;•adverse outcomes of pending claims or litigation or the possibility of new claims or litigation, and the potential effect of such claims or litigationon Schuff’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow; and•lack of necessary liquidity to provide bid, performance, advance payment and retention bonds, guarantees, or letters of credit securing Schuff’sobligations under bids and contracts or to finance expenditures prior to the receipt of payment for the performance of contracts.Telecommunications / ICSImportant factors or risks that could cause ICS’s, and thus our Telecommunications segment’s, actual results to differ materially from the results weanticipate include, but are not limited to: •our expectations regarding increased competition, pricing pressures and usage patterns with respect to ICS’s product offerings;•significant changes in ICS’s competitive environment, including as a result of industry consolidation, and the effect of competition in its markets,including pricing policies;•its compliance with complex laws and regulations in the U.S. and internationally; and•further changes in the telecommunications industry, including rapid technological, regulatory and pricing changes in its principal markets.Other unknown or unpredictable factors could also affect our business, financial condition and results. Although we believe that the expectationsreflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, there can be no assurance that any of the estimated or projected results will be realized. Youshould not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date hereof. Subsequent events and developments maycause our views to change. While we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we specifically disclaim anyobligation to do so.ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK89Table of ContentsMarket Risk FactorsMarket risk is the risk of the loss of fair value resulting from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchangerates, commodity prices and equity prices. Market risk is directly influenced by the volatility and liquidity in the markets in which the related underlyingfinancial instruments are traded. HC2 is exposed to market risk with respect to its investments and foreign currency exchange rates. Through Schuff, we havemarket risk exposure from changes in interest rates charged on borrowings and from adverse changes in steel prices. Through GMSL, we have market riskexposure from changes in interest rates charged on borrowings. HC2 or its subsidiaries does not use derivative financial instruments to mitigate a portion ofthe risk from such exposures.Equity Price RiskHC2 is exposed to market risk through changes in fair value of marketable equity securities. HC2 follows an investment strategy approved by its board ofdirectors which sets certain restrictions on the amounts of securities it may acquire and its overall investment strategy.Market prices for equity securities are subject to fluctuation and consequently the amount realized in the subsequent sale of an investment maysignificantly differ from the reported market value. Fluctuation in the market price of a security may result from perceived changes in the underlyingeconomic characteristics of the investee, the relative price of alternative investments and general market conditions. Because HC2’s equity investments areclassified as available for-sale, the hypothetical decline would not affect current earnings except to the extent that it reflects other-than-temporaryimpairments.One means of assessing exposure to changes in equity market prices is to estimate the potential changes in market values on the investments resultingfrom a hypothetical decline in equity market prices. As of December 31, 2015, assuming all other factors are constant, we estimate that a 10%, 20%, and 30%decline in equity market prices would have a $5.0 million, $9.9 million, and $14.9 million adverse impact on the fair value of HC2’s portfolio of marketableequity securities, respectively.Foreign Currency Exchange Rate RiskGMSL and ICS are exposed to market risk from foreign currency price changes which could have a significant, potentially adverse, impact on gains andlosses as a result of translating the operating results and financial position of our international subsidiaries.We translate the local currency statements of operations of our foreign subsidiaries into USD using the average exchange rate during the reportingperiod. Changes in foreign exchange rates affect the reported profits and losses and cash flows of our international subsidiaries and may distort comparisonsfrom year to year. By way of example, when the USD strengthens compared to the GBP, there could be a negative or positive effect on the reported results forour Telecommunications and Marine Services segments, depending upon whether such businesses are operating profitably or at a loss. It takes more profits inGBP to generate the same amount of profits in USD and a greater loss in GBP to generate the same amount of loss in USD. The opposite is also true. Forinstance, when the USD weakens against the GBP, there is a positive effect on reported profits and a negative effect on reported losses.Interest Rate RiskGMSL and Schuff are exposed to the market risk from changes in interest rate risk through its notes payable which bear variable rates based on LIBOR.Changes in LIBOR could result in an increase or decrease in interest expense recorded. A 100, 200, and 300 basis point increase in LIBOR based on the notespayable outstanding as of December 31, 2015 of $19.6 million, would result in an increase in the recorded interest expense of $0.2 million, $0.4 million, and$0.6 million per year, respectively.Commodity Price RiskSchuff is exposed to market risk from changes in prices on steel. For large orders the risk is mitigated by locking in the price with a mill at the time anorder is awarded with the general contractor. In the event of a subsequent price increase by a mill, Schuff has the ability to pass the higher costs on to thegeneral contractor. Schuff does not hedge or enter into any forward purchasing arrangements with the mills. The price negotiated at the time of the order is theprice paid by the company.ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA90Table of ContentsThe Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms, the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes to the Company’s consolidatedfinancial statements appear in a separate section of this Form 10-K (beginning on Page F-2 following Part IV). The index to the Company’s consolidatedfinancial statements appears on Page F-1.ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURENone.ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURESEvaluation of Disclosure Controls and ProceduresUnder the supervision of and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company's management evaluatedthe effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under theSecurities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”) as of December 31, 2015. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and ChiefFinancial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2015, the material weaknesses in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting described inthe Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K/A related to the preparation and review of our income tax provisions and related accounts, the valuationof business acquisitions and the accounting for complex and/or non-routine transactions were remediated and that our disclosure controls and procedures areeffective.Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial ReportingManagement is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company's internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance as to the reliability of itsfinancial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP.As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December31, 2014, management identified a material weakness in our internal controls over the accounting for income taxes, including the income tax provision, therelated tax assets and liabilities and the related footnote disclosures. Specifically, management determined that the Company did not have the technicalknowledge or perform sufficient review and approval of the completeness and accuracy of the data used in the computation of income tax expense, taxespayable or receivable, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the related footnote disclosures. Management also identified a material weakness in our internalcontrols over the valuation of a business acquisition and the accounting for complex and/or non-routine transactions. In particular, the Company determinedthat it incorrectly valued its acquisition of American Natural Gas, completed on August 1, 2014, in its financial statements for the quarter ended September30, 2014 as required by FASB Accounting Standards Codification 805. In addition, we determined that the valuation of the net assets acquired was incorrect.The Company also determined that it incorrectly classified funds in its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014as cash flows from operating activities rather than cash flows from investing activities. The funds related to the Company’s 2013 sales of its North AmericanTelecom and BLACKIRON Data business units that were released from escrow in 2014. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies,in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interimfinancial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The Company restated its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014and the quarters ended June 30, 2014, September 30, 2014, March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015 and September 30, 2015 to correct errors resulting from thesematerial weaknesses. The Company also undertook a comprehensive plan to remediate these material weaknesses, as described below.Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015. This assessment was based oncriteria for effective internal control over financial reporting set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission InternalControl-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that the material weaknesses described above were remediatedand that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2015.As permitted by applicable SEC guidance, management’s evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting did not include an assessment ofthe effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting at United Teacher Associates Insurance Company and Continental General Insurance Companywhich the Company acquired during 2015 (see Note 3 to the consolidated91Table of Contentsfinancial statements). The acquired entities reflect total assets and net revenues of 71% and less than 1%, respectively, of the consolidated financialstatements for the year ended December 31, 2015. In accordance with the Company’s integration efforts, the Company is in the process of incorporating eachacquired entity’s operations into its “internal control over financial reporting” and intends to complete this within the one-year of acquisition date time framefor each entity.Management performed analyses, substantive procedures, and other post-closing activities, with the assistance of consultants and other professionaladvisors, in order to ensure the validity, completeness and accuracy of our income tax provision and accounting for complex and/or non-routine transactionsand the related footnote disclosures. Accordingly, management believes that the financial statements included in this Form 10-K as of December 31, 2015,and for the year ended December 31, 2015, are fairly presented, in all material respects, in conformity with U.S. GAAP.2015 Remediation StepsThe Company believes that the material weaknesses relating to the accounting for complex and/or non-routine transactions and accounting for incometax were a result of the Company’s strategy to acquire and grow businesses that can generate long-term sustainable free cash flow, which added additionalcomplexity surrounding the accounting, reporting and internal control environment during 2014, with significant volume occurring in the third quarter of2014. The material weaknesses included deficiencies in the period-end financial reporting process, an insufficient complement of personnel with a level ofU.S. GAAP accounting knowledge commensurate with the Company’s financial reporting requirements, and inadequate monitoring and review activities.To address these material weaknesses, the Company undertook the following steps in 2015:•appointed a new Chief Financial Officer;•hired additional certified public accountants, including a Controller;•engaged external advisors to supplement the staff charged with compiling and filing our U.S. GAAP results;•implemented organizational structure changes that better integrate the tax accounting and finance functions;•enhanced our processes and procedures for determining, documenting and calculating our income tax provision;•increased the level of certain tax review activities throughout the year and during the financial statement close process; and•enhanced the procedures and documentation requirements, including related training, surrounding the evaluation and recording of complex and/or non-routine transactions, such as business combinations.Changes in Internal Control over Financial ReportingOur internal control over financial reporting in 2015 includes internal controls relating to Schuff International, Inc., Bridgehouse Marine Limitedand American Natural Gas, which we acquired in 2014. Except for such changes with respect to these acquired companies, and completing the remediationsteps described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2015that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting.ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATIONNone.92Table of ContentsPART IIICertain of the information required by Part III will be provided in our definitive proxy statement for our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders ("2016Proxy Statement"), which is incorporated herein by reference.ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCEThe information required by this item relating to our executive officers, directors and code of conduct is set forth below. Information relating tobeneficial ownership reporting compliance is set forth in our 2016 Proxy Statement under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership ReportingCompliance” and is incorporated herein by reference. Information relating to our Audit Committee and Audit Committee Financial Expert is set forth in our2016 Proxy Statement under the Caption “Board Committees” and is incorporated herein by reference.Executive Officers of the RegistrantSet forth below is information regarding our executive officers as of March 15, 2016.NameAgePositionPhilip A. Falcone53Chairman, President and Chief Executive OfficerKeith M. Hladek40Chief Operating OfficerMichael Sena43Chief Financial OfficerPaul K. Voigt56Senior Managing Director of InvestmentsRobert M. Pons59Executive Vice President of Business DevelopmentIan W. Estus41Managing Director of InvestmentsAndrea L. Mancuso45General Counsel and Corporate SecretaryPhilip A. Falcone, 53, has served as a director of HC2 since January 2014, and as Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer of HC2 since May2014. Mr. Falcone served as a director, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of HRG Group, Inc. (f/k/a Harbinger Group Inc., “HRG”) from July2009 to November 2014. From July 2009 to July 2011, Mr. Falcone also served as the President of HRG. Mr. Falcone is also the Chief Investment Officer andChief Executive Officer of Harbinger Capital Partners LLC (“Harbinger Capital”), and is the Chief Investment Officer of other Harbinger Capital affiliatedfunds. Mr. Falcone co-founded the funds affiliated with Harbinger Capital in 2001. Mr. Falcone has over two decades of experience in leveraged finance,distressed debt and special situations. Prior to joining the predecessor of Harbinger Capital, Mr. Falcone served as Head of High Yield trading for BarclaysCapital. From 1998 to 2000, he managed the Barclays High Yield and Distressed trading operations. Mr. Falcone held a similar position with GleacherNatwest, Inc., from 1997 to 1998. Mr. Falcone began his career in 1985, trading high yield and distressed securities at Kidder, Peabody & Co. Mr. Falconecurrently serves on the board of directors of Novatel Wireless, Inc., a provider of intelligent wireless solutions for the worldwide mobile communicationsmarket. Mr. Falcone received an A.B. in Economics from Harvard University.Keith Hladek, 40, has been the Chief Operating Officer of HC2 since May 2014. Mr. Hladek is also the Chief Financial Officer and Chief OperatingOfficer of Harbinger Capital. Prior to joining Harbinger Capital in 2009, Mr. Hladek was the Controller at Silver Point Capital, L.P Prior to joining SilverPoint Capital, L.P. Mr. Hladek was the Assistant Controller at GoldenTree Asset Management and a fund accountant at Oak Hill Capital Management. Mr.Hladek also previously served as a director of Zap.Com, a subsidiary of HRG. Mr. Hladek started his career in public accounting and received his Bachelor ofScience in Accounting from Binghamton University. Mr. Hladek is a Certified Public Accountant in New York.Michael Sena, 43, has been the Company’s Chief Financial Officer since June 2015. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Sena was the Senior VicePresident and Chief Accounting Officer of HRG Group, Inc. since October 2014, and had previously served as the Vice President and Chief AccountingOfficer, from November 2012 to October 2014. Mr. Sena was also the Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of Zap.Com, a subsidiary of HRG Group,Inc., and has served as a director of Zap.Com since December 2014. From January 2009 until November 2012, Mr. Sena held various accounting and financialreporting positions with Reader’s Digest Association, Inc., last serving as Vice President and North American Controller. Before joining Reader’s DigestAssociation, Inc., Mr. Sena served as Director of Reporting and Business Processes for Barr Pharmaceuticals from July 2007 until January 2009. Prior to that,Mr. Sena held various positions with PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP. Mr. Sena is a Certified Public Accountant and holds a B.S. in Accounting from SyracuseUniversity.Paul K. Voigt, 56, has been the Senior Managing Director of Investments of HC2 since October 2014. Mr. Voigt is involved with sourcing deals andcapital raising. Previously, Mr. Voigt served as Executive Vice President on the sales and trading desk at93Table of ContentsJefferies and Company from 1996 to 2013. Prior to joining Jefferies, Mr. Voigt was Managing Director on the high yield sales desk at Prudential Securitiesfrom 1988 to 1996. Prior to 1988, Mr. Voigt played professional baseball. Mr. Voigt attended the University of Virginia from 1976 to 1980 where he receiveda B.S. in electrical engineering, and the University of Southern California where he received an MBA in 1988.Robert M. Pons. 59, has served as a director of HC2 since September 2011, as Executive Vice President of Business Development since May 2014, asExecutive Chairman from January 2014 to May 2014 and as President and Chief Executive Officer from August 2013 to January 2014. From February 2011to April 2014 he was Chairman of Live Microsystems, formerly Livewire Mobile, Inc., a comprehensive one-stop digital content solution for mobile carriers.From January 2008 until February 2011, Mr. Pons was Senior Vice President of TMNG Global, a leading provider of professional services to the convergingcommunications media and entertainment industries and the capital formation firms that support it. From January 2004 until April 2007, Mr. Pons served asPresident and Chief Executive Officer of Uphonia, Inc. (previously SmartServ Online, Inc.), a wireless applications service provider. From August 2003 untilJanuary 2004, Mr. Pons served as Interim Chief Executive Officer of SmartServ Online, Inc. on a consulting basis. From March 1999 to August 2003, he wasPresident of FreedomPay, Inc., a wireless device payment processing company. During the period January 1994 to March 1999, Mr. Pons was President ofLifesafety Solutions, Inc., an enterprise software company. Mr. Pons has over 30 years of management experience with telecommunications companiesincluding MCI, Inc., Sprint, Inc. and Geotek, Inc. Mr. Pons also currently serves on the board of directors and various committees of Novatel Wireless, Inc.,Concurrent Computer Corporation, DragonWave and MRV Communications, where he serves as Vice Chairman. Within the past five years, he has alsoserved on the boards of directors of Proxim Wireless Corporation, Network-1 Security Solutions, Inc. and Arbinet Corporation, from April 2009 until itsacquisition by HC2 in February 2011. Mr. Pons received a B.A. degree, with honors, from Rowan University.Ian W. Estus, 41, has been the Managing Director of Investments of HC2 since May 2014. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Estus was a Senior VicePresident at Five Island Asset Management, a subsidiary of HRG, from April 2013 to May 2014. Prior to joining Five Island, Mr. Estus spent eleven years atHarbinger Capital where he served in various capacities as a trader and assisting in management of the portfolio. Prior to joining Harbinger Capital in 2002,Mr. Estus was a Trading Assistant in the Smith Barney Asset Management High Yield Investments Group. Prior to that role, Mr. Estus served as a FundAccountant in the Mutual Fund Accounting Group of Smith Barney Asset Management. Mr. Estus received a B.S. in Business Administration with aConcentration in Accounting from the State University of New York at Buffalo.Andrea L. Mancuso, 45, has served as HC2’s General Counsel and Corporate Secretary since March 2015. Ms. Mancuso joined the Company asAssociate General Counsel in November 2011, and became Associate General Counsel & Assistant Corporate Secretary in 2012, Acting General Counsel andCorporate Secretary in September 2013 and General Counsel and Corporate Secretary in March 2015. As General Counsel, Ms. Mancuso has ultimateresponsibility for HC2’s legal matters, serving as principal counsel to senior management and the Board of Directors and overseeing HC2’s legal department.Prior to joining HC2, from August 2010 to September 2011, Ms. Mancuso was Senior Counsel and Assistant Corporate Secretary of SRA International, Inc.(“SRA”), a provider of IT solutions and professional services to the federal government, and provided leadership and expertise to expedite the sale of SRA toa private equity firm. From March 2002 to September 2009, Ms. Mancuso was a Corporate & Securities Associate at Arnold & Porter LLP, a law firm, advisingclients on securities law matters and corporate transactions. Ms. Mancuso is a certified public accountant and, prior to becoming an attorney, held variousaccounting positions. Ms. Mancuso holds a Juris Doctor from Georgetown Law Center and a Bachelor of Science from Lehigh University.BOARD OF DIRECTORSInformation Regarding DirectorsSet forth below is certain information with respect to our directors as of March 15, 2016.DirectorsNameAgeDirector SincePhilip A. Falcone532014Wayne Barr, Jr.522014Robert V. Leffler702014Robert M. Pons592011Daniel Tseung442014Philip A. Falcone, Mr. Falcone’s biography can be found above.94Table of ContentsWayne Barr, Jr., 52, has served as a director of HC2 since January 2014. Mr. Barr is managing director of Alliance Group of NC, LLC, a full service realestate firm providing brokerage, planning and consulting services throughout North Carolina to a wide variety of stakeholders including landowners,developers, builders and investors, a position he has held since 2013. Mr. Barr is also the principal of Oakleaf Consulting Group LLC, a managementconsulting firm focusing on technology and telecommunications companies, which he founded in 2001. Mr. Barr also co-founded and was president from2003 to 2008 of Capital & Technology Advisors, a management consulting and restructuring firm. Mr. Barr has served on the boards of directors of Anacomp,Leap Wireless International, NEON Communications and Globix Corporation. He has served as a director of Evident Technologies, Inc. since 2005. Mr. Barrreceived his J.D. degree from Albany Law School of Union University and is admitted to practice law in New York State. He is also a licensed real estatebroker in the state of North Carolina.Robert V. Leffler, Jr., 70, has served as a director of HC2 since September 2014. He owns The Leffler Agency, Inc., a full service advertising agencyfounded in 1984. The firm specializes in the areas of sports/entertainment and media. Headquartered in Baltimore, the agency also has an office in Tampa andoperates in 20 U.S. markets. Leffler Agency also has a subsidiary media buying service, Media Moguls, LLC, which specializes in mass retail media buying.Mr. Leffler served as a director and Chairman of the Compensation Committee of HRG from 2008 to 2013 and a director and Chairman of the CompensationCommittee of Zapata, Inc. from 1995 to 2008. Mr. Leffler holds a B.A. in social science/history from Towson University and an M.A. in Urban Studies andPopular Culture History from Morgan State University.Robert M. Pons, Mr. Pons biography can be found above.Daniel Tseung, 44, has served as a director of HC2 since September 2014. He is the Founder & Managing Director of LionRock Capital, a private equityfund headquartered in Hong Kong. Prior to founding LionRock Capital in 2011, Mr. Tseung served as the Managing Director of Sun Hung Kai PropertiesDirect Investments Limited, the private equity division of one of Asia's largest conglomerates whose business interests include real estate, financial services,telecommunications, and infrastructure. Before joining the Sun Hung Kai Properties Group in 2000, Mr. Tseung worked from 1997 to 2000 at GE Equity, theprivate equity arm of GE Capital, and from 1993 to 1995 at DE Shaw, a major global hedge fund. Mr. Tseung also currently serves as an independent BoardDirector for Gourmet Master (Taiwan Stock Exchange: 2723), a leading café & bakery in Greater China that operates under the retail brand name “85c”. Inaddition, Mr. Tseung is a Senior Advisor to Owens Corning (NYSE: OC), a Fortune 500 company and world leader in supplying building materials systemsand composite solutions, for which Mr. Tseung served as an independent board member from 2006 until 2010. Mr. Tseung also previously served on theboard of directors of RCN Corporation (NASDAQ: RCNI), a leading cable, telephone, and data services provider, and served as Chairman of theCompensation Committee. Mr. Tseung was a RCN Board Director from 2004 until the acquisition of RCN for $1.2 billion in August 2010. Mr. Tseung holdsa Bachelor's degree from Princeton University and a Master's Degree from Harvard University.Code of ConductWe have adopted a Code of Conduct applicable to all directors, officers and employees, including the CEO, senior financial officers and other personsperforming similar functions. The Code of Conduct is a statement of business practices and principles of behavior that support our commitment toconducting business in accordance with the highest standards of business conduct and ethics. Our Code of Conduct covers, among other things, complianceresources, conflicts of interest, compliance with laws, rules and regulations, internal reporting of violations and accountability for adherence to the Code ofConduct. A copy of the Code of Conduct is available under the “Investor Relations-Corporate Governance” section of our website at www.hc2.com. Anyamendment of the Code of Conduct or any waiver of its provisions for a director or executive officer must be approved by the Board or a duly authorizedcommittee thereof. We intend to post on our website all disclosures that are required by law or the rules of the NYSE Mkt concerning any amendments to, orwaivers from, any provision of the Code of Conduct.ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATIONThe information regarding this item is set forth under the captions entitled “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Compensation CommitteeReport,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” “Compensation Tables,” and “Employment Arrangements and Potential Paymentsupon Termination or Change of Control” in our 2016 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERSInformation regarding this item is set forth under the captions entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “EquityCompensation Plan Information” in our 2016 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.95Table of ContentsITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCEInformation regarding this item is set forth under the captions entitled “Board of Directors” and “Transactions with Related Persons” in our 2016 ProxyStatement and is incorporated herein by reference.ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICESInformation regarding principal accountant fees and services is set forth under the caption entitled “Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmFees” in our 2016 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.96Table of ContentsPART IVITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE(a) List of Documents Filed1) Financial Statements and SchedulesThe financial statements as set forth under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are incorporated herein.2) Financial Statement SchedulesSchedule I — Summary of Investments — Other than Investments in Related PartiesSchedule II— Condensed Financial Information of the RegistrantSchedule III — Supplementary Insurance InformationSchedule IV — ReinsuranceSchedule V — Valuation and Qualifying AccountsAll other schedules have been omitted since they are either not applicable or the information is contained within the accompanying consolidated financialstatements.(b) Exhibit listing. The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.ExhibitNumber Description 2.1 Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated September 22, 2014, by and between Global Marine Holdings, LLC and the Sellers party thereto (incorporated by reference toExhibit 2.1 to HC2 Holdings, Inc.’s (“HC2”) Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 26, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 2.2 Amended and Restated Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 24, 2015, by and among HC2, Continental General Corporation and Great AmericanFinancial Resources, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 28, 2015)(File No. 001-35210). 3.1 Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to HC2’s Form 8-A, filed on June 20, 2011)(File No. 001-35210). 3.2 Certificate of Ownership of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 18, 2013) (File No. 001-35210). 3.3 Certificate of Ownership and Merger of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 11, 2014) (File No.001-35210). 3.4 Certificate of Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to HC2’s Current Reporton Form 8-K, filed on June 18, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 3.5 Second Amended and Restated By-laws of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 27, 2012) (File No.001-35210). 4.1 Indenture, dated as of November 20, 2014, by and among HC2, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference toExhibit 4.1 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 21, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 4.2 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 toHC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 9, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.3 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A-1 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 9, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.4 Certificate of Designation of Series A-2 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to HC2’s Current Report onForm 8-K, filed on January 9, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.5 Certificate of Correction of the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2, filed onJanuary 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 97Table of Contents4.6 Certificate of Correction of the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2, filed onJanuary 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.7 Certificate of Correction of the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2, filed onMay 29, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.8 Certificate of Correction of the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A-1 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2, filed onJanuary 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.9 Certificate of Correction of the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A-1 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2, filed onSeptember 22, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.10 Certificate of Correction of the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A-2 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of HC2, filed onJanuary 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 4.11 Warrant Agreement, dated as of December 24, 2015, between HC2 and Great American Financial Resources, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to HC2’sCurrent Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 28, 2015)(File No. 001-35210) ExhibitNumber Description 10.1 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated May 12, 2014, by and between HC2 and SAS Venture LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to HC2’s Current Reporton Form 8-K, filed on May 13, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.2^ Employment Agreement, dated May 21, 2014, by and between HC2 and Philip Falcone (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2^ on HC2’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.3^ Employment Agreement, dated May 21, 2014, by and between HC2 and Robert Pons (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4^ on HC2’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.4^ Employment Agreement, dated May 21, 2014, by and between HC2 and Keith Hladek (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5^ on HC2’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.5 Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 29, 2014, by and among HC2 and affiliates of Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, Benefit Street Partners L.L.C.and DG Capital Management, LLC (the “Purchasers”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 4, 2014) (FileNo. 001-35210). 10.6^ HC2 2014 Omnibus Equity Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to HC2’s Definitive Proxy Statement, filed on April 30, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.7^ 2014 HC2 Executive Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 18, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.8 Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of August 14, 2013, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, and Wells Fargo Credit, Inc.(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.9 Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2013, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, and WellsFargo Credit, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.10 Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of February 3, 2014, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, and WellsFargo Credit, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.11 Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of May 5, 2014, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, and Wells FargoCredit, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 11, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.12 Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2014, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, andWells Fargo Credit, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.13 Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of October 21, 2014, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, and WellsFargo Credit, Inc. (incorporate by to Exhibit 10.96 on HC2's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 16, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.14 Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of January 23, 2015, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, and WellsFargo Credit, Inc. (filed herewith). 10.15 Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of February 19, 2015, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, andWells Fargo Credit, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.1 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on May 11, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.16 Eighth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of June 15, 2015, by and among Schuff, as Borrower, and WellsFargo Credit, Inc. (filed herewith). 98Table of Contents10.17^ Employment Agreement, dated September 9, 2014, by and between HC2 and Andrea Mancuso (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1^ on HC2’s QuarterlyReport on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.18^ Employment Agreement, dated September 11, 2014, by and between HC2 and Mesfin Demise (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2^ on HC2’s QuarterlyReport on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210).ExhibitNumber Description 10.19 Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 22, 2014, by and among HC2 and affiliates of DG Capital Management, LLC and Luxor Capital Partners, LP(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 26, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.20 Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 5, 2015, by and among HC2 and the purchasers thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on HC2’sCurrent Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 9, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.21 Second Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 5, 2015, by and among HC2 Holdings, the initial purchasers of the Series APreferred Stock, the initial purchasers of the Series A-1 Preferred Stock and the purchasers of the Series A-2 Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit10.2 on HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 9, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.22 Secured Loan Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2014, by and among Global Marine Systems (Vessels) Limited, as Borrower, Global Marine Systems Limited, asGuarantor, and DVB Bank SE Nordic Branch, as Lender (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed onNovember 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.23 Supplemental Charter Agreement, dated as of March 21, 2012, by and among Global Marine Systems Limited, as Charterer, and International Cableship PTE LTD,as Owner (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.1 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.24 Bareboat Charter, dated as of September 24, 1992, between International Cableship Pte Ltd and Global Marine Systems Limited (as successor-in-interest to Cable &Wireless (Marine) Ltd) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.2 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.25 Deed of Covenant, dated as of March 14, 2006, by and among Global Marine Systems Limited, as Mortgagee, and DYVI Cable Ship, as Mortgagor (incorporatedby reference to Exhibit 10.10.1 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.26 Bareboat Charter, dated as of March 14, 2006, between DYVI Cable Ship AS and Global Marine Systems Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10.2 onHC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.27 Mortgage, dated as of March 14, 2006, of DYVI Cable Ship AS, as mortgagor, in favor of Global Marine Systems Limited, as mortgagee (incorporated byreference to Exhibit 10.10.3 on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.28 Consent and Waiver, dated as of October 9, 2014 to Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 29, 2014, by and among HC2 and affiliates of Hudson BayCapital Management LP, Benefit Street Partners L.L.C. and DG Capital Management, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 on HC2’s Quarterly Reporton Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.29 Consent, Waiver and Amendment, dated as of September 22, 2014 to Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 29, 2014, by and among HC2 and affiliatesof Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, Benefit Street Partners L.L.C. and DG Capital Management, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 on HC2’sQuarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 10, 2014) (File No. 001-35210). 10.30^ Reformed and Clarified Option Agreement, dated May 12, 2014, by and between HC2 and Philip Falcone (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18.1 on HC2'sAnnual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 16, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.31^ Form of Option Agreement (Additional Time Contingent Option) by and between HC2 and Philip Falcone (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18.2 on HC2'sAnnual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 16, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.32^ Form of Option Agreement (Contingent Option) by and between HC2 and Philip Falcone (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18.3 on HC2's Annual Report onForm 10-K, filed on March 16, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.33^ Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 22,2014). 10.34^ Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on HC2’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 22, 2014).99Table of ContentsExhibitNumber Description 10.35^ Employment Agreement, dated October 1, 2014, by and between HC2 and Paul Voigt (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2^ on HC2’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q, filed on May 11, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.36^ Employment Agreement, dated May 12, 2014, by and between HC2 and Ian Estus (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3^ on HC2’s Quarterly Report on Form10-Q, filed on May 11, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.37^ Employment Agreement, dated May 20, 2015, by and between HC2 and Mesfin Demise (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1^ on HC2’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 10.38^ Employment Agreement, dated May 20, 2015, by and between HC2 and Michael Sena (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2^ on HC2’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q, filed on August 10, 2015) (File No. 001-35210). 21.1 Subsidiaries of HC2 (filed herewith). 23.1 Consent of BDO USA, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm (filed herewith). 31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer (filed herewith). 31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer (filed herewith). 32.1* Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer 101 The following materials from the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, formatted in extensible business reportinglanguage (XBRL); (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, (ii) Consolidated Statements ofComprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2015 and 2014,(iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for theyears ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (filed herewith).*These certifications are being “furnished” and will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subjectto the liability of that section. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities ExchangeAct of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.^Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.100Table of ContentsSIGNATURESPursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed onits behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.By: /S/ PHILIP A. FALCONE Philip A. FalconeChairman, Presidentand Chief Executive Officer(Principal Executive Officer) Date: March 15, 2016Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of theRegistrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.Signature Title Date /S/ PHILIP A. FALCONE Director and Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal March 15, 2016Philip A. Falcone Executive Officer) /S/ MICHAEL SENA Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) March 15, 2016Michael Sena /S/ WAYNE BARR, JR. Director March 15, 2016Wayne Barr, Jr. /S/ ROBERT M. PONS Director March 15, 2016Robert M. Pons /S/ ROBERT LEFFLER Director March 15, 2016Robert Leffler /S/ DANIEL TSEUNG Director March 15, 2016Daniel Tseung 101Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDING, INC.INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULEReports of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmsF-2Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013F-5Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013F-6Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014F-7Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013F-8Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013F-9Notes to Consolidated Financial StatementsF-11(1) Organization and BusinessF-11(2) Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesF-12(3) Business CombinationsF-24(4) InvestmentsF-31(5) Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsF-35(6) Accounts ReceivableF-39(7) Contracts in ProgressF-39(8) InventoryF-40(9) Property, Plant and Equipment, netF-40(10) Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsF-41(11) Accounts Payable and Other Current LiabilitiesF-43(12) Long-term ObligationsF-44(13) Life, Accident and Health ReservesF-47(14) Income TaxesF-48(15) Commitments and ContingenciesF-51(16) Employee Retirement PlansF-53(17) Share-based CompensationF-61(18) EquityF-63(19) Related PartiesF-65(20) Operating Segment and Related InformationF-66(21) Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)F-68(22) BacklogF-71(23) Discontinued OperationsF-71(24) Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Common ShareF-72(25) Subsequent EventsF-73Schedule I — Summary of investments — other than investments in related partiesF-74Schedule II — Condensed Financial Information of the Registrant (Registrant Only)F-75Schedule III — Supplementary Insurance InformationF-78Schedule IV — ReinsuranceF-79Schedule V — Valuation and Qualifying AccountsF-80F-1Table of ContentsREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMTo the Board of Directors and Stockholders ofHC2 Holdings, Inc.Herndon, VirginiaWe have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of HC2 Holdings, Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the relatedconsolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period endedDecember 31, 2015. In connection with our audits of the financial statements, we have also audited the financial statement schedules listed in theaccompanying index. These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express anopinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits.We conducted our audits in accordance with the auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and inaccordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtainreasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidencesupporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management,as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of HC2 Holdings,Inc. at December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015, inconformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.Also, in our opinion, the financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole,present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), HC2 Holdings, Inc.'sinternal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued bythe Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated March 15, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinionthereon./s/ BDO USA, LLPMcLean, VirginiaMarch 15, 2016F-2Table of ContentsREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMTo the Board of Directors and Stockholders ofHC2 Holdings, Inc.Herndon, VirginiaWe have audited HC2 Holdings Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in InternalControl - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). HC2Holdings Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness ofinternal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Item 9A, Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Ourresponsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standardsrequire that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained inall material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weaknessexists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performingsuch other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financialreporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’sinternal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded asnecessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of thecompany are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assuranceregarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on thefinancial statements.Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of anyevaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degreeof compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.As indicated in the accompanying Item 9A, Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management’s assessment of andconclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of United Teacher Associates InsuranceCompany and Continental General Insurance Company which were acquired on December 24, 2015, and which are included in the consolidated balancesheet of HC2 Holdings, Inc. as of December 31, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. United Teacher Associates Insurance Company and Continental General Insurance Company constituted 71%of total assets, as of December 31, 2015, and 0.3% of revenues for the year then ended. Management did not assess the effectiveness of internal control overfinancial reporting of United Teacher Associates Insurance Company and Continental General Insurance Company because of the timing of the acquisition.Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of HC2 Holdings, Inc. also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reportingof United Teacher Associates Insurance Company and Continental General Insurance Company.In our opinion, HC2 Holdings, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015,based on the COSO criteria.We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidatedbalance sheets of HC2 Holdings, Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss),stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015 and our report dated March 15, 2016 expressed anunqualified opinion thereon.F-3Table of Contents/s/ BDO USA, LLPMcLean, VirginiaMarch 15, 2016F-4Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDING, INC.CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS(in thousands, except per share amounts) Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Services revenue$595,280 $197,280 $230,686Sales revenue522,661 350,158 —Life, accident and health earned premiums, net1,578 — —Net investment income1,031 — —Realized gains (losses) on investments256 — —Net revenue1,120,806 547,438 230,686Operating expenses Cost of revenue—services544,655 177,812 220,315Cost of revenue—sales437,968 296,530 —Insurance benefits and acquisition expenses2,245 — —Selling, general and administrative108,527 80,239 34,692Depreciation and amortization23,280 6,334 12,032(Gain) loss on sale or disposal of assets170 (162) (8)Lease termination costs1,185 — —Asset impairment expense547 291 2,791Total operating expenses1,118,577 561,044 269,822Income (loss) from operations2,229 (13,606) (39,136)Interest expense(39,017) (12,347) (8)Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt— (11,969) —Gain from contingent value rights valuation— — 14,904Other income (expense), net(6,820) 702 (814)Income (loss) from equity investees(3,015) 2,665 —Loss from continuing operations before income taxes(46,623) (34,555) (25,054)Income tax benefit10,882 22,869 7,442Loss from continuing operations(35,741) (11,686) (17,612)Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(21) (146) 129,218Net income (loss)(35,762) (11,832) 111,606Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest197 (2,559) —Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.(35,565) (14,391) 111,606Less: Preferred stock dividends and accretion4,285 2,049 —Net income (loss) attributable to common stock and participating preferred stockholders$(39,850) $(16,440) $111,606Basic income (loss) per common share: Loss from continuing operations attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.82) $(1.25)Gain (loss) from discontinued operations— (0.01) 9.20Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.83) $7.95Diluted income (loss) per common share: Loss from continuing operations attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.82) $(1.25)Gain (loss) from discontinued operations— (0.01) 9.20Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.83) $7.95Weighted average common shares outstanding: Basic26,482 19,729 14,047Diluted26,482 19,729 14,047Dividends declared per basic weighted average common shares outstanding— $— $8.58See notes to consolidated financial statements.F-5Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)(in thousands) Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Net income (loss)$(35,762) $(11,832) $111,606Other comprehensive income (loss) Foreign currency translation adjustment(8,591) (6,168) (7,583)Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities(8,029) 1,551 —Actuarial benefit (loss) on pension plan(512) 426 —Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest197 (2,559) —Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(52,697) $(18,582) $104,023See notes to consolidated financial statements.F-6Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDING, INC.CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS(in thousands, except share amounts) December 31,2015 2014Assets Investments: Fixed maturities, available-for-sale at fair value$1,231,841 $250Equity securities, available-for-sale at fair value49,682 4,867Mortgage loans1,252 —Policy loans18,476 —Other invested assets53,119 50,566Total investments1,354,370 55,683Cash and cash equivalents158,624 107,978Restricted cash538 6,467Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $794 and $2,760 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively)210,853 152,279Costs and recognized earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts39,310 28,098Inventory12,120 14,975Recoverable from reinsurers522,562 —Accrued investment income15,300 —Deferred tax asset52,511 15,720Property, plant and equipment, net214,466 233,022Goodwill61,178 30,540Intangibles29,409 31,158Other assets65,206 32,378Assets held for sale6,065 3,865Total assets$2,742,512 $712,163Liabilities, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity Life, accident and health reserves$1,593,330 $—Annuity reserves259,460 —Value of business acquired50,761 —Accounts payable and other current liabilities225,389 147,602Billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts21,201 41,959Deferred tax liability4,281 —Long-term obligations371,876 335,531Pension liability25,156 37,210Other liabilities17,793 1,617Total liabilities2,569,247 563,919Commitments and contingencies Temporary equity: Preferred stock, $.001 par value - 20,000,000 shares authorized; Series A - 29,172 and 30,000 shares issued and outstanding atDecember 31, 2015 and 2014; Series A-1 - 10,000 and 11,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014,respectively; Series A-2 - 14,000 and 0 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively52,619 39,845Redeemable noncontrolling interest3,122 4,004Total temporary equity55,741 43,849Stockholders’ equity: Common stock, $.001 par value - 80,000,000 shares authorized; 35,281,375 and 23,844,711 shares issued and 35,249,749 and23,813,085 shares outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively35 24Additional paid-in capital209,477 141,948Accumulated deficit(79,729) (44,164)Treasury stock, at cost - 31,626 shares at December 31, 2015 and 2014(378) (378)Accumulated other comprehensive loss(35,375) (18,243)Total HC2 Holdings, Inc. stockholders’ equity before noncontrolling interest94,030 79,187Noncontrolling interest23,494 25,208Total stockholders’ equity117,524 104,395Total liabilities, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity$2,742,512 $712,163See notes to consolidated financial statements.F-7Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY(in thousands) Common Stock AdditionalPaid-InCapital TreasuryStock RetainedEarnings(AccumulatedDeficit) AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncome (Loss) Non-controllingInterest Total Shares Amount Balance as of December 31, 201213,934 $14 $98,534 $(378) $(23,198) $(6,469) $— $68,503Share-based compensation expense— — 2,286 — — — — 2,286Proceeds from sale of common stock, net328 — 1,158 — — — — 1,158Taxes paid in lieu of shares issued for share-basedcompensation(36) — (1,000) — — — — (1,000)Dividends declared— — (2,380) — (118,181) — — (120,561)Net income (loss)— — — — 111,606 — — 111,606Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — — — (7,583) — (7,583)Balance as of December 31, 201314,226 $14 $98,598 $(378) $(29,773) $(14,052) $— $54,409Share-based compensation expense— — 11,028 — — — — 11,028Proceeds from the exercise of warrants and stock options7,589 8 24,340 — — — — 24,348Taxes paid in lieu of shares issued for share-basedcompensation— — (47) — — — — (47)Preferred stock dividend and accretion— — (2,049) — — — — (2,049)Preferred stock beneficial conversion feature— — 659 — — — — 659Issuance of common stock1,500 2 5,998 — — — — 6,000Issuance of restricted stock498 — — — — — — —Acquisition of noncontrolling interest— — — — — — 67,106 67,106Additional acquisition of noncontrolling interest— — — — — — (41,036) (41,036)Excess book value over fair value of purchasednoncontrolling interest— — 3,421 — — — (3,421) —Actuarial benefit on pension plan— — — — — 426 — 426Net income (loss)— — — — (14,391) — 2,559 (11,832)Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — — — (6,168) — (6,168)Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities— — — — — 1,551 — 1,551Balance as of December 31, 201423,813 $24 $141,948 $(378) $(44,164) $(18,243) $25,208 $104,395Share-based compensation expense— — 11,102 — — — — 11,102Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest— — — — — — (1,835) (1,835)Preferred stock dividend and accretion— — (4,285) — — — — (4,285)Preferred stock beneficial conversion feature— — (375) — — — — (375)Issuance of common stock8,459 8 53,779 — — — — 53,787Issuance of common stock for acquisition of business1,007 1 5,380 — — — — 5,381Issuance of restricted stock1,539 2 — — — — — 2Conversion of preferred stock to common stock432 1,839 — — — — 1,839Acquisition of noncontrolling interest— — — — — — (475) (475)Excess book value over fair value of purchasednoncontrolling interest— — 89 — — — (89) —Actuarial gain (loss) on pension plan— — — — — (512) — (512)Net income (loss)— — — — (35,565) — (197) (35,762)Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrollinginterest— — — — — — 882 882Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — — — (8,591) — (8,591)Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities— — — — — (8,029) — (8,029)Balance as of December 31, 201535,250 $35 $209,477 $(378) $(79,729) $(35,375) $23,494 $117,524See notes to consolidated financial statements.F-8Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS(in thousands) Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Cash flows from operating activities: Net income (loss)$(35,762) $(11,832) $111,606Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to operating cash flows: Provision for doubtful accounts receivable99 403 1,507Share-based compensation expense11,102 11,028 2,286Depreciation and amortization30,939 10,684 23,964Amortization of deferred financing costs1,420 240 —Lease termination costs1,185 — —(Gain) loss on sale or disposal of assets170 816 (148,848)(Gain) loss on sale of investments— (434) —Equity investment (income)/loss3,015 (2,665) —Asset impairment expense547 291 3,123Amortization of debt discount301 1,593 86Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt— 11,969 21,124(Gain) on bargain purchase— (1,417) —Unrealized loss on equity securities2,878 — —Realized (gains) losses on investments3,175 1,608 —Change in fair value of Contingent Value Rights— — (14,904)Deferred income taxes(13,102) (30,223) (522)Unrealized foreign currency transaction (gain) loss on intercompany and foreign debt182 1,352 (764)Other5,269 — —Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: (Increase) decrease in accounts receivable(60,720) 18,349 (2,892)(Increase) decrease in costs and recognized earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts(11,579) (1,139) —(Increase) decrease in inventory2,610 6,616 644(Increase) decrease in other assets17,032 764 (2,125)Increase (decrease) in life, accident and health reserves608 — —Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and other current liabilities36,216 18,968 (12,859)Increase (decrease) in billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts(20,767) (23,793) —Increase (decrease) in other liabilities3,259 (1,951) (1,741)Increase (decrease) in pension liability(10,638) (7,564) —Net change in cash due to operating activities(32,561) 3,663 (20,315)Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property, plant and equipment(21,324) (5,819) (12,577)Sale of property and equipment and other assets5,034 3,706 9Purchases of investments(54,598) (33,034) —Sale of investments12,248 2,411 —Cash from disposition of business, net of cash disposed— 31,645 270,634Cash paid for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired39,726 (146,026) (397)Purchase of noncontrolling interest(475) (38,403) —Receipt of dividends from equity investees4,647 2,081 —(Increase) decrease in restricted cash— (1,785) 475Net change in cash due to investing activities(14,742) (185,224) 258,144Cash flows from financing activities: Annuity receipts78 — —Proceeds from long-term obligations564,857 915,896 —F-9Table of ContentsPrincipal payments on long-term obligations(528,679) (689,745) (128,036)Payment of fees on restructuring of debt— (12,333) (1,201)Proceeds from sale of common stock, net53,975 6,000 1,158Proceeds from sale of preferred stock, net14,033 40,050 —Proceeds from the exercise of warrants and stock options— 24,348 —(Increase) decrease in restricted cash6,014 — —Payment of deferred financing costs(1,423) — —Payment of dividend equivalents— — (1,235)Payment of dividends(5,687) (1,626) (119,788)Taxes paid in lieu of shares issued for share-based compensation— (47) (1,000)Net change in cash due to financing activities103,168 282,543 (250,102)Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(5,219) (2,001) (1,927)Net change in cash and cash equivalents50,646 98,981 (14,200)Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period107,978 8,997 23,197Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$158,624 $107,978 $8,997Supplemental cash flow information: Cash paid for interest$39,451 $7,527 $10,372Cash paid for taxes$1,134 $8,792 $616Preferred stock accreting dividends and accretion$206 $487 $—Non-cash investing and financing activities: Capital lease additions$— $— $148Purchases of property, plant and equipment under financing arrangements$1,808 $4,400 $—Property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable$911 $2,544 $—Non-cash investing activity on the reacquisition of shares from a noncontrolling interest$— $1,700 $—Conversion of preferred stock to common stock$1,839 $— $—Business acquisition through the issuance of common stock, long-term debt and warrants$11,591 $— $—Non-cash financing activity on issuance of long-term debt$5,000 $— $—See notes to consolidated financial statements.F-10Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1. Organization and BusinessHC2 Holdings, Inc. (“HC2” and, together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we” and “our”) is a diversified holding company which seeks to acquireand grow attractive businesses that we believe can generate long-term sustainable free cash flow and attractive returns. While the Company generally intendsto acquire controlling equity interests in its operating subsidiaries, the Company may invest to a limited extent in a variety of debt instruments ornoncontrolling equity interest positions. The Company’s shares of common stock trade on the NYSE MKT LLC under the symbol “HCHC”.The notes to consolidated financial statements reflect the restatement of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2014, which is more fully described in Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014,filed with the SEC on March 15, 2016; the restatement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2015,which is more fully described in Amendment No. 1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended March 31, 2015, filed with the SEC onMarch 15, 2016; the restatement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, which is more fullydescribed in Amendment No. 1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2016; and therestatement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, which is more fully described inAmendment No. 1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2016The Company currently has seven reportable segments based on management’s organization of the enterprise—Manufacturing, Marine Services,Insurance, Utilities, Telecommunications, Life Sciences, and Other which includes operations that do not meet the separately reportable segment thresholds.1.Our Manufacturing segment includes Schuff International, Inc. ("Schuff") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which primarily operate as integratedfabricators and erectors of structural steel and heavy steel plates with headquarters in Phoenix, Arizona. Schuff has operations in Arizona, Georgia, Texas,Kansas and California, with its construction projects primarily located in the aforementioned states. In addition, Schuff has construction projects in selectinternational markets, primarily Panama through a Panamanian joint venture with Empresas Hopsa, S.A. that provides steel fabrication services.2.Our Marine Services segment includes Global Marine Systems Limited ("GMSL"). GMSL is a leading provider of engineering and underwaterservices on submarine cables. In conjunction with the acquisition of GMSL, approximately 3% of the Company’s interest in GMSL was purchased by a groupof individuals, leaving the Company’s controlling interest at approximately 97%.3.Our Insurance segment includes United Teacher Associates Insurance Company ("UTA") and Continental General Insurance Company ("CGI", andtogether with UTA, "CII" or the "Insurance Companies"). Insurance Companies provide long-term care, life and annuity coverage to approximately 99,000individuals. The benefits provided help protect our policy and certificate holders from the financial hardships associated with illness, injury, loss of life, orincome continuation.4.Our Utilities segment includes American Natural Gas ("ANG"), which is a premier distributor of natural gas motor fuel headquartered in theNortheast that designs, builds, owns, acquires, operates and maintains compressed natural gas fueling stations for transportation vehicles. ANG’s team iscomprised of industry, legal, construction, engineering and entrepreneurial experts who are working directly with the leading natural gas companies to seekout opportunities for building successful natural gas fueling stations. Vehicle manufacturers and fleet operators are pursuing natural gas vehicles in the USmarkets to reduce carbon emissions and environmental impacts while providing a cost-effective alternative to foreign crude oil.5.In our Telecommunications segment, we operate a telecommunications business including a network of direct routes and provide premium voicecommunication services for national telecom operators, mobile operators, wholesale carriers, prepaid operators, Voice over Internet Protocol service operatorsand Internet service providers from our International Carrier Services ("ICS") business unit. Wholesale carriers, Prepaid operators, VARS & VOIP serviceoperators. ICS provides a quality service via direct routes & by forming strong relationships with carefully selected partners.6.In our Life Sciences segment, we operate Pansend Life Sciences, LLC ("Pansend"), which has a 77% interest in Genovel Orthopedics, Inc., whichseeks to develop products to treat early osteoarthritis of the knee, and a 61% interest in R2 DermatologyF-11Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED(f/k/a GemDerm Aesthetics, Inc.), which develops skin lightening technology, and invests in other early stage or developmental stage healthcare companies.7.In our Other segment, we seek to invest, nurture and grow developmental stage companies, and invest in opportunities where growth potential issignificant. We have a 100% ownership interest in DMi, Inc. ("DMi"), which owns licenses to create and distribute NASCAR® video games.Other investmentsIn February 2015, the Company sold 586,095 shares of Novatel Wireless, Inc. (“Novatel”) common stock and a warrant to purchase 293,047 shares ofNovatel's common stock for $1.0 million which resulted in a gain of $0.2 million. In March 2015, the Company exercised a warrant to purchase 3,824,600shares of Novatel's common stock for $8.6 million and also received a new warrant to purchase 1,593,583 shares of Novatel's common stock at $5.50 pershare. The Company’s ownership increased to approximately 23% of Novatel’s common stock. A basis difference, net of tax for the additional investment inMarch 2015, of $6.5 million consists of a trade name of $0.9 million (amortized over 15 years), a technology and customer intangible of $1.3 million(amortized over 7 years) and goodwill of $4.3 million. As of December 31, 2015 the fair value of the investment in Novatel's common stock wasapproximately $19.2 million.In the first quarter of 2015, the Company purchased $3.0 million of convertible debt of DTV America Corporation (“DTV”) in aggregate. The convertibledebt earned 10% interest. In addition, the Company acquired share purchase warrants, which are exercisable for 666,667 and 333,333 DTV's common sharesuntil January 20, 2018 and March 6, 2018, respectively, at an exercise price of $2.00 per share. The principal balance and accrued interest of the convertibledebt was automatically converted into 2,081,693 shares of common stock on June 30, 2015.In April 2015, the Company purchased a $16.1 million convertible debenture (the "Debenture") of Gaming Nation, Inc. ("Gaming Nation"). TheDebenture earns 6% interest in-kind and the principal and interest is convertible at the Company's option into Gaming Nation's common shares at aconversion price of $2.25. On June 9, 2015, the Debenture became convertible into 8,888,889 of Gaming Nation's common shares until June 9, 2017. Inaddition, the Company acquired a share purchase warrant, which is exercisable for 28,126,068 of Gaming Nation's common shares until April 6, 2020 atvarying exercise prices, commencing at $5.00 per share for the first 2 years.Additionally, in August 2015, the Company purchased 180,415 shares of MediBeacon, Inc., Preferred Stock for $2.9 million for a total ownership ofapproximately 9%.2. Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesPrinciples of ConsolidationThe consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries and all other subsidiaries over which theCompany exerts control, or variable interest entities (“VIEs”). All intercompany profits, transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.Results of operations of acquired companies are included from the dates of acquisition and for VIEs, from the dates that the Company became the primarybeneficiary. As of December 31, 2015, the Company has a 100% interest in the Insurance Companies, a 97% interest in GMSL, a 91% interest in Schuff, a55% interest in ANG and a 100% interest in DMi. Through its subsidiary, Pansend, the Company has a 77% interest in Genovel Orthopedics, Inc. and a 61%interest in R2 Dermatology, Inc. The results of each of these entities are consolidated with the Company’s results from and after their respective acquisitiondates based on guidance from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation (“ASC810”). The remaining interests not owned by the Company are presented as a noncontrolling interest component of total equity. Schuff uses a 4-4-5 weekquarterly cycle, which for the fiscal year of 2015 ended on January 2, 2016.Redeemable Noncontrolling InterestThe GMSL noncontrolling interest includes a put right which allows the holder to require the Company to purchase their interests in cash on adeterminable date outside the control of the Company. The redeemable noncontrolling interests was initially recorded at fair value and will be subsequentlyremeasured each reporting period to reflect the redemption value (fair market value) with changes recorded against retained earnings.F-12Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDDiscontinued OperationsIn the second quarter of 2013, the Company sold its BLACKIRON Data segment and reiterated its June 2012 commitment to dispose of ICS. TheCompany completed the initial closing of the sale of its North America Telecom business on July 31, 2013 and completed the divestiture of the remainder ofits North America Telecom business on July 31, 2014 (see Note 23. Discontinued Operations ). In conjunction with the initial closing of the sale of theNorth America Telecom business, the Company redeemed its outstanding debt issued by PTGi International Holding, Inc. (f/k/a Primus TelecommunicationsHolding, Inc., “PTHI”) on August 30, 2013. Because the debt was required to be repaid as a result of the sale of North America Telecom, the interest expenseand loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt of PTHI has been allocated to discontinued operations. In December 2013, based on management’sassessment of the requirements under ASC No. 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” (“ASC 360”), it was determined that ICS no longer met the criteria of aheld for sale asset. On February 11, 2014, the Board of Directors officially ratified management’s December 2013 assessment, and reclassified ICS from heldfor sale to held and used, effective December 31, 2013.Cash and Cash EquivalentsCash and cash equivalents are comprised principally of amounts in money market accounts, operating accounts, certificates of deposit, and overnightrepurchase agreements with original maturities of three months or less.InvestmentsThe Company determines the appropriate classification of investments in fixed maturity and equity securities at the acquisition date and re-evaluates theclassification at each balance sheet date. Substantially all of our investments in equity and fixed maturity securities are classified as available-for-sale.The Company utilizes the equity method to account for investments when it posseses the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, overthe operating and financial policies of the investee. The ability to exercise significant influence is presumed when an investor possesses more than 20% ofthe voting interests of the investee. This presumption may be overcome based on specific facts and circumstances that demonstrate that the ability to exercisesignificant influence is restricted. The Company applies the equity method to investments in common stock and to other investments when such otherinvestments possess substantially identical subordinated interests to common stock. In applying the equity method, the Company records the investment atcost and subsequently increases or decreases the carrying amount of the investment by its proportionate share of the net earnings or losses and othercomprehensive income of the investee. The Company records dividends or other equity distributions as reductions in the carrying value of the investment. Inthe event that net losses of the investee reduce the carrying amount to zero, additional net losses may be recorded if other investments in the investee are at-risk, even if the Company have not committed to provide financial support to the investee. Such additional equity method losses, if any, are based upon thechange in the Company's claim on the investee’s book value.Fixed maturities, available-for-sale at fair value include bonds and redeemable preferred stocks. The Company carries these investments at fair valuewith net unrealized gains or losses, net of tax and related adjustments, reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”).Equity securities, available-for-sale at fair value include investments in common stock and non-redeemable preferred stock. The Company carries theseinvestments at fair value with net unrealized gains or losses, net of tax and related adjustments, reported as a component of AOCI.Mortgage loans are carried at amortized unpaid balances, net of provisions for estimated losses. Interest income is accrued on the principal amount of theloan based on the loan's contractual interest rate.Policy loans are stated at current unpaid principal balances. Policy loans are collateralized by the cash surrender value of the policy. Interest income isrecorded as earned using the contractual interest rate.Other invested assets include (i) common stock of publicly traded companies accounted for using the equity method; (ii) common and preferred stock ofprivately held companies accounted for using the equity or cost method; (ii) limited partnerships and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method;(iii) equity purchase warrants and call options accounted for as a derivative (as discussed below); and, (iv) equity purchase warrants accounted for under thecost method.F-13Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDPremiums and discounts on fixed maturity securities are amortized using the interest method; mortgage-backed securities are amortized over a periodbased on estimated future principal payments, including prepayments. Prepayment assumptions are reviewed periodically and adjusted to reflect actualprepayments and changes in expectations. Dividends on equity securities are recognized when declared. When the Company sells a security, the differencebetween the sale proceeds and amortized cost (determined based on specific identification) is reported as a realized investment gain or loss. When a declinein the value of a specific investment is considered to be other-than-temporary at the balance sheet date, a provision for impairment is charged to earnings(included in realized gains (losses) on investments) and the cost basis of that investment is reduced. If the Company can assert that it does not intend to sellan impaired fixed maturity security and it is not more likely than not that it will have to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, then theother-than-temporary impairment is separated into two components: (i) the amount related to credit losses (recorded in earnings) and (ii) the amount related toall other factors (recorded in AOCI). The credit-related portion of an other-than-temporary impairment is measured by comparing a security’s amortized costto the present value of its current expected cash flows discounted at its effective yield prior to the impairment charge. If the Company intends to sell animpaired security, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery, an impairment charge to earnings is recorded toreduce the amortized cost of that security to fair value.DerivativesEquity purchase warrants, equity call options and the Company's issued warrant to purchase its common stock qualify as a derivative under ASC 815,Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"). All of such derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities at fair value. The change in fair value isrecognized within earnings.Fair Value MeasurementsGeneral accounting principles for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures define fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset orpaid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between marketparticipants on the measurement date. These principles also establish a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputsand minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value and describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Active markets are defined as having the following characteristicsfor the measured asset/liability: (i) many transactions, (ii) current prices, (iii) price quotes not varying substantially among market makers, (iv) narrow bid/askspreads and (v) most information publicly available. The Company’s Level 1 financial instruments consist primarily of publicly traded equity securities andhighly liquid government bonds for which quoted market prices in active markets are available.Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; ormarket standard valuation techniques and assumptions with significant inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data forsubstantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Such observable inputs include benchmarking prices for similar assets in active, liquid markets, quotedprices in markets that are not active and observable yields and spreads in the market. The Company’s Level 2 financial instruments include corporate andmunicipal fixed maturity securities, mortgage-backed non-affiliated common stocks priced using observable inputs. Level 2 inputs include benchmarkyields, reported trades, corroborated broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads and benchmark securities. When non-binding broker quotes can be corroborated bycomparison to similar securities priced using observable inputs, they are classified as Level 2.Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the related assets or liabilities.Level 3 assets and liabilities include those whose value is determined using market standard valuation techniques. When observable inputs are not available,the market standard techniques for determining the estimated fair value of certain securities that trade infrequently, and therefore have little transparency, relyon inputs that are significant to the estimated fair value and that are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from or corroborated byobservable market data. These unobservable inputs can be based in large part on management judgment or estimation and cannot be supported by referenceto market activity. Even though unobservable, management believes these inputs are based on assumptions deemed appropriate given the circumstances andconsistent with what other market participants would use when pricing similar assets and liabilities. For the Company’s invested assets, this categoryprimarily includes private placements, asset-backed securities, and to a lesser extent, certain residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, amongothers. Prices are determined using valuation methodologies such as discounted cash flow models and other similar techniques. Non-binding broker quotes,which are utilized when pricing service information is not available, are reviewed for reasonableness based on the Company’s understanding of theF-14Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDmarket, and are generally considered Level 3. Under certain circumstances, based on its observations of transactions in active markets, the Company mayconclude the prices received from independent third party pricing services or brokers are not reasonable or reflective of market activity. In those instances,the Company would apply internally developed valuation techniques to the related assets or liabilities.Other than transactions described within Note 3. Business Combinations, the Company did not have any significant nonrecurring fair valuemeasurements of non-financial assets and liabilities in 2015 or 2014.In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of whichcategory within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fairvalue measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment andconsiders factors specific to the financial instrument.The Company may utilize information from third parties, such as pricing services and brokers, to assist in determining the fair value for certain assets andliabilities; however, management is ultimately responsible for all fair values presented in the Company’s financial statements. This includes responsibility formonitoring the fair value process, ensuring objective and reliable valuation practices and pricing of assets and liabilities, and approving changes to valuationmethodologies and pricing sources. The selection of the valuation technique(s) to apply considers the definition of an exit price and the nature of the asset orliability being valued and significant expertise and judgment is required.Accounts ReceivableAccounts receivable is stated at amounts due from customers net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Our allowance for doubtful accounts considershistorical experience, the age of certain receivable balances, credit history, current economic conditions and other factors that may affect the counterparty’sability to pay.InventoryInventory is valued at the lower of cost or market value under the first-in, first-out method. Provision for obsolescence is made where appropriate and ischarged to cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. Short-term work in progress on contracts is stated at cost less foreseeable losses.These costs include only direct labor and expenses incurred to date and exclude any allocation of overhead. The policy for long-term work in progresscontracts is disclosed within the Revenue and Cost Recognition accounting policy.ReinsurancePremium revenue and benefits are reported net of the amounts related to reinsurance ceded to and assumed from other companies. Expense allowancesfrom reinsurers are included in other operating and general expenses. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are estimated in a manner consistent with the claimliability associated with the reinsured policies.Accounting for Income TaxesWe recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of transactions and events. Under this method, deferred taxassets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement bases and the tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted taxrates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. If necessary, deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to an amountthat is determined to be more likely than not recoverable. We must make significant estimates and assumptions about future taxable income and future taxconsequences when determining the amount of the valuation allowance. The additional guidance provided by ASC No. 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”),clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. Expected outcomes of current or anticipated tax examinations,refund claims and tax-related litigation and estimates regarding additional tax liability (including interest and penalties thereon) or refunds resultingtherefrom will be recorded based on the guidance provided by ASC 740 to the extent applicable.At present, our U.S. and foreign companies have significant deferred tax assets resulting from tax loss carryforwards. The foreign deferred tax assets withminor exceptions are fully offset with valuation allowances. The appropriateness and amount ofF-15Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDthese valuation allowances are based on our assumptions about the future taxable income of each affiliate. If our assumptions have significantlyunderestimated future taxable income with respect to a particular affiliate, all or part of the valuation allowance for the affiliate would be reversed andadditional income could result. The valuation allowances for the U.S. NOL deferred tax assets were released in 2014.Property, Plant and EquipmentProperty, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, which is provided on the straight-line method over the estimated usefullives of the assets. Cost includes major expenditures for improvements and replacements which extend useful lives or increase capacity of the assets as well asexpenditures necessary to place assets into readiness for use. Cost includes the original purchase price of the asset and the costs attributable to bringing theasset to its working condition for its intended use. Cost includes finance costs incurred prior to the asset being available for use. Expenditures formaintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.Costs for internal use software that are incurred in the preliminary project stage and in the post-implementation stage are expensed as incurred. Costsincurred during the application development stage are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the software.Depreciation is determined on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 5 to 40 years for buildings andleasehold improvements, up to 35 years for cable-ships and submersibles, 3 to 15 years for equipment, furniture and fixtures, and 3 to 20 years for plant andtransportation equipment. Plant includes equipment on the cable-ships that is portable and can be moved around the fleet and computer equipment.Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lives of the leases or estimated useful lives of the assets, whichever is shorter. Assets under construction arenot depreciated until they are complete and available for use.When assets are sold or otherwise retired, the costs and accumulated depreciation are removed from the books and the resulting gain or loss is included inoperating results. Property, plant and equipment that have been included as part of the assets held for sale are no longer depreciated from the time that theyare classified as such. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of its property, plant and equipment based upon the estimated cash flows to begenerated by the related assets. If impairment is indicated, a loss is recognized.Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsUnder ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized but are reviewedannually for impairment, or more frequently, if impairment indicators arise. Intangible assets that have finite lives are amortized over their estimated usefullives and are subject to the provisions of ASC 360.Goodwill impairment is tested at least annually (October 1st) or when factors indicate potential impairment using a two-step process that begins with anestimation of the fair value of each reporting unit. Step 1 is a screen for potential impairment pursuant to which the estimated fair value of each reporting unitis compared to its carrying value. The Company estimates the fair values of each reporting unit by an estimation of the discounted cash flows of each of thereporting units based on projected earnings in the future (the income approach). If there is a deficiency (the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less thanits carrying value), a Step 2 test is required.Step 2 measures the amount of impairment loss, if any, by comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with its carrying amount. Theimplied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination is determined; i.e., throughan allocation of the fair value of a reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a businesscombination. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss shall be recognized inan amount equal to that excess.The Company also may utilize the provisions of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-8, “Testing Goodwill for Impairment” (“ASU 2011-8”),which allows the Company to use qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is morelikely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.F-16Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDThe Company's goodwill is held by 5 separate reporting units, which are subject to their own annual test of impairment on October 1st: Schuff, ICS,ANG, GMSL and DMi.Estimating the fair value of a reporting unit requires various assumptions including projections of future cash flows, perpetual growth rates and discountrates. The assumptions about future cash flows and growth rates are based on the Company’s assessment of a number of factors, including the reporting unit’srecent performance against budget, performance in the market that the reporting unit serves, and industry and general economic data from third party sources.Discount rate assumptions are based on an assessment of the risk inherent in those future cash flows. Changes to the underlying businesses could affect thefuture cash flows, which in turn could affect the fair value of the reporting unit.Intangible assets not subject to amortization consist of certain licenses. Such indefinite lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually, ormore frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The impairment test shall consist of a comparison of the fairvalue of an intangible asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall berecognized in an amount equal to the excess.Intangible assets subject to amortization consists of certain trade names, customer contracts and developed technology. These finite lived intangibleassets are amortized based on their estimated useful lives. Such assets are subject to the impairment provisions of ASC 360, wherein impairment is recognizedand measured only if there are events and circumstances that indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The carrying amount is notrecoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset group. An impairment loss is recorded if afterdetermining that it is not recoverable, the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset.In addition to the foregoing, the Company reviews its goodwill and intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or circumstances indicatethat the carrying amounts of assets may not be recoverable. The factors that the Company considers important, and which could trigger an impairment review,include, but are not limited to: a more likely than not expectation of selling or disposing all, or a portion, of a reporting unit; a significant decline in themarket value of our common stock or debt securities for a sustained period; a material adverse change in economic, financial market, industry or sectortrends; a material failure to achieve operating results relative to historical levels or projected future levels; and significant changes in operations or businessstrategy.Valuation of Long-lived AssetsThe Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.In making such evaluations, the Company compares the expected undiscounted future cash flows to the carrying amount of the assets. If the total of theexpected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Company is required to make estimates of the fair value of thelong-lived assets in order to calculate the impairment loss equal to the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the assets.The Company makes significant assumptions and estimates in this process regarding matters that are inherently uncertain, such as determining assetgroups and estimating future cash flows, remaining useful lives, discount rates and growth rates. The resulting undiscounted cash flows are projected over anextended period of time, which subjects those assumptions and estimates to an even larger degree of uncertainty. While the Company believes that itsestimates are reasonable, different assumptions could materially affect the valuation of the long-lived assets. The Company derives future cash flow estimatesfrom its historical experience and its internal business plans, which include consideration of industry trends, competitive actions, technology changes,regulatory actions, available financial resources for marketing and capital expenditures and changes in its underlying cost structure.The Company makes assumptions about the remaining useful life of its long-lived assets. The assumptions are based on the average life of its historicalcapital asset additions and its historical asset purchase trend. In some cases, due to the nature of a particular industry in which the company operates, theCompany may assume that technology changes in such industry render all associated assets, including equipment, obsolete with no salvage value after theiruseful lives. In certain circumstances in which the underlying assets could be leased for an additional period of time or salvaged, the Company includes suchestimated cash flows in its estimate.The estimate of the appropriate discount rate to be used to apply the present value technique in determining fair value was the Company’s weightedaverage cost of capital which is based on the effective rate of its long-term debt obligations at the currentF-17Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDmarket values (for periods during which the Company had long-term debt obligations) as well as the current volatility and trading value of the Company’scommon stock.Value of Business Acquired ("VOBA")VOBA is a liability that reflects the estimated fair value of in-force contracts in a life insurance company acquisition less the amount recorded asinsurance contract liabilities. It represents the portion of the purchase price that is allocated to the value of the rights to receive future cash flows from thebusiness in force at the acquisition date. A VOBA liability (negative asset) occurs when the estimated fair value of in-force contracts in a life insurancecompany acquisition is less than the amount recorded as insurance contract liabilities. Amortization is based on assumptions consistent with those used inthe development of the underlying contract adjusted for emerging experience and expected trends. VOBA amortization are reported within Depreciation andamortization in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.The VOBA balance is also periodically evaluated for recoverability to ensure that the unamortized portion does not exceed the expected recoverableamounts. At each evaluation date, actual historical gross profits are reflected, and estimated future gross profits and related assumptions are evaluated forcontinued reasonableness. Any adjustment in estimated future gross profits requires that the amortization rate be revised (“unlocking”) retroactively to thedate of the policy or contract issuance. The cumulative unlocking adjustment is recognized as a component of current period amortization.Annuity Benefits AccumulatedAnnuity receipts and benefit payments are recorded as increases or decreases in annuity benefits accumulated rather than as revenue and expense.Increases in this liability (primarily interest credited) are charged to expense and decreases for charges are credited to annuity policy charges revenue.Reserves for traditional fixed annuities are generally recorded at the stated account value.Life, Accident and Health ReservesLiabilities for future policy benefits under traditional life, accident and health policies are computed using the net level premium method. Computationsare based on the original projections of investment yields, mortality, morbidity and surrenders and include provisions for unfavorable deviations unless a lossrecognition event (premium deficiency) occurs. Claim reserves and liabilities established for accident and health claims are modified as necessary to reflectactual experience and developing trends.For long-duration contracts (such as traditional life and long-term care insurance policies), loss recognition occurs when, based on current expectationsas of the measurement date, existing contract liabilities plus the present value of future premiums (including reasonably expected rate increases) are notexpected to cover the present value of future claims payments and related settlement and maintenance costs (excluding overhead) as well as unamortizedacquisition costs. If a block of business is determined to be in loss recognition, a charge is recorded in earnings in an amount equal to the excess of thepresent value ofexpected future claims costs and unamortized acquisition costs over existing reserves plus the present value of expected futurepremiums (with no provision for adverse deviation). The charge is recorded as an additional reserve (if unamortized acquisition costs have been eliminated).In addition, reserves for traditional life and long-term care insurance policies are subject to adjustment for loss recognition charges that would have beenrecorded if the unrealized gains from securities had actually been realized. This adjustment is included in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, acomponent of AOCI.Presentation of Taxes CollectedThe Company reports a value-added tax assessed by a governmental authority that is directly imposed on a revenue-producing transaction between theCompany and a customer on a net basis (excluded from revenues).Foreign Currency TransactionsForeign currency transactions are transactions denominated in a currency other than a subsidiary’s functional currency. A change in the exchange ratesbetween a subsidiary’s functional currency and the currency in which a transaction is denominated increases or decreases the expected amount of functionalcurrency cash flows upon settlement of the transaction. That increase orF-18Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDdecrease in expected functional currency cash flows is reported by the Company as a foreign currency transaction gain (loss). The primary component of theCompany’s foreign currency transaction gain (loss) is due to agreements in place with certain subsidiaries in foreign countries regarding intercompanytransactions. The Company anticipates repayment of these transactions in the foreseeable future, and recognizes the realized and unrealized gains or losses onthese transactions that result from foreign currency changes in the period in which they occur as foreign currency transaction gain (loss).Foreign Currency TranslationThe assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rates in effect on the reporting date. Income and expensesare translated at the average exchange rate during the period. The net effect of such translation gains and losses are reflected within accumulated othercomprehensive income (loss) in the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheets.Deferred Financing CostsThe Company capitalizes certain expenses incurred in connection with its long-term debt and line of credit obligations and amortizes them over the termof the respective debt agreement. The amortization expense of the deferred financing costs is included in interest expense on the consolidated statements ofoperations. If the Company extinguishes portions of its long-term debt prior to the maturity date, deferred financing costs are charged to expense on a pro ratabasis and are included in loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt on the consolidated statements of operations. Subsequent to our early adoptionof Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-03 (see "New Accounting Pronouncements") effective on December 31, 2015, we will reclassify our deferredfinancing costs to long-term obligations and aggregate them with the original issue discount on the consolidated balance sheets. Previously the Company'sdeferred financing costs had been included in other assets. Because the adoption of ASU 2015-03 requires retrospective application, the Companyreclassified $7.8 million of deferred financing costs from Other assets to Long-term obligations on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2014.Use of EstimatesThe preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Theseestimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of theconsolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from theseestimates. Significant estimates include allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, the extent of progress towards completion on contracts, contract revenueand costs on long-term contracts, valuation of certain investments and the insurance reserves, market assumptions used in estimating the fair values of certainassets and liabilities, the calculation used in determining the fair value of HC2’s stock options required by ASC No. 718, “Compensation—StockCompensation” (“ASC 718”), income taxes and various other contingencies.Estimates of fair value represent the Company’s best estimates developed with the assistance of independent appraisals or various valuation techniquesand, where the foregoing have not yet been completed or are not available, industry data and trends and by reference to relevant market rates andtransactions. The estimates and assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies beyond the control of the Company.Accordingly, the Company cannot provide assurance that the estimates, assumptions, and values reflected in the valuations will be realized, and actualresults could vary materially.Revenue and Cost RecognitionGMSL - GMSL generates revenue by providing maintenance services for subsea telecommunications cabling. GMSL also generates revenues from thedesign and installation of subsea cables under contracts. GMSL also provides installation, maintenance and repair of fiber optic communication and powerinfrastructure to offshore oil and gas platforms and installs inter-array power cables for use in offshore wind farms and in the offshore wind market.Telecommunication/Maintenance - GMSL provides vessels on standby to repair fiber optic telecommunications cables in defined geographic zones, andits maintenance business is provided through contracts with consortia of up to 60 global telecommunications providers. Typically, GMSL enters into five toseven years contracts to provide maintenance to cable systems that are located in specific geographical areas. Revenue from these maintenance agreements isrecognized on a straight line basis unless the pattern of costs associated with repairs indicates otherwise.F-19Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDTelecommunications/Installation - GMSL provides installation of cable systems including route planning, mapping, route engineering, cable laying, andtrenching and burial. GMSL’s installation business is project-based with fixed price contracts typically lasting one to five months. Revenue is recognized ona time apportioned basis over the length of installation.Charter hire - rentals from short term operating leases in respect of vessels are recognized as revenue on a straight line basis over the term of the lease.Oil & Gas - GMSL provides installation, maintenance and repair of fiber optic communication and power infrastructure to offshore platforms. Its primaryactivities include providing power from shore, enabling fiber-based communication between platforms and shore-based systems and installing permanentreservoir monitoring systems which allow customers to monitor subsea seismic data. The majority of GMSL’s oil & gas business is contracted on a project-by-project basis with major energy producers or tier I engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractors. Revenue is recognized as time and costs areincurred.A loss is recognized immediately if the expected costs during any contract exceed expected revenues. Amounts billed in advance of revenue recognitionare recorded as deferred revenue.Schuff - Schuff performs its services primarily under fixed-price contracts and recognizes revenues and costs from construction projects using thepercentage of completion method. Under this method, revenue is recognized based upon either the ratio of the costs incurred to date to the total estimatedcosts to complete the project or the ratio of tons fabricated to date to total estimated tons. Revenue recognition begins when work has commenced. Costsinclude all direct material and labor costs related to contract performance, subcontractor costs, indirect labor, and fabrication plant overhead costs, which arecharged to contract costs as incurred. Revenues relating to changes in the scope of a contract are recognized when the work has commenced, Schuff has madean estimate of the amount that is probable of being paid for the change and there is a high degree of probability that the charges will be approved by thecustomer or general contractor. At December 31, 2015, Schuff had $165.2 million of unapproved change orders on open projects, for which it has recognizedrevenues on a percentage of completion basis. While Schuff has been successful in having the majority of its change orders approved in prior years, there isno guarantee that the unapproved change orders at December 31, 2015 will be approved. Revisions in estimates during the course of contract work arereflected in the accounting period in which the facts requiring the revision become known. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts aremade in the period a loss on a contract becomes determinable.Construction contracts with customers generally provide that billings are to be made monthly in amounts which are commensurate with the extent ofperformance under the contracts. Contract receivables arise principally from the balance of amounts due on progress billings on jobs under construction.Retentions on contract receivables are amounts due on progress billings, which are withheld until the completed project has been accepted by the customer.Costs and recognized earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts primarily represent revenue earned under the percentage of completionmethod which has not been billed. Billings in excess of related costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts represent amounts billed oncontracts in excess of the revenue allowed to be recognized under the percentage of completion method on those contracts.ICS - Net revenue is derived from carrying a mix of business, residential and carrier long-distance traffic, data and Internet traffic. For certain voiceservices, net revenue is earned based on the number of minutes during a call, and is recorded upon completion of a call. Revenue for a period is calculatedfrom information received through the Company’s network switches. Customized software has been designed to track the information from the switch andanalyze the call detail records against stored detailed information about revenue rates. This software provides the Company the ability to do a timely andaccurate analysis of revenue earned in a period. Net revenue represents gross revenue, net of allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, service credits andservice adjustments. Cost of revenue includes network costs that consist of access, transport and termination costs. The majority of the Company’s cost ofrevenue is variable, primarily based upon minutes of use, with transmission and termination costs being the most significant expense.PensionsGMSL operates various pension schemes comprising both defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans. GMSL also makes contributions onbehalf of employees who are members of the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund (“MNOPF”).F-20Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDFor the defined benefit plans and the MNOPF plan, the amounts charged to income (loss) from operations are the current service costs and the gains andlosses on settlements and curtailments. These are included as part of staff costs. Past service costs are recognized immediately if the benefits have vested. Ifthe benefits have not vested immediately, the costs are recognized over the period vesting occurs. The interest costs and expected return of assets are shownas a net amount and included in interest income and other income (expense). Actuarial gains and losses are recognized immediately in the consolidatedstatements of operations.Defined benefit plans are funded with the assets of the plan held separately from those of GMSL, in separate trustee administered funds. Pension planassets are measured at fair value and liabilities are measured on an actuarial basis using the projected unit method discounted at a rate of equivalent currencyand term to the plan liabilities. The actuarial valuations are obtained annually.For the defined contribution plans, the amount charged to income (loss) from operations in respect of pension costs is the contributions payable in theperiod. Differences between contributions payable in the period and contributions actually paid are shown as either accruals or prepayments in theconsolidated balance sheets.Share-Based CompensationThe Company accounts for share-based compensation under ASC No. 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”), which addresses theaccounting for share-based payment transactions whereby an entity receives employee services in exchange for equity instruments, including stock optionsand restricted stock units. ASC 718 generally requires that share-based compensation be accounted for using a fair-value based method. The Companyrecords share-based compensation expense for all new and unvested stock options that are ultimately expected to vest as the requisite service is rendered. TheCompany issues new shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options.The Company elected to adopt the alternative transition method for calculating the tax effects of share-based compensation. The alternative transitionmethod includes simplified methods to determine the beginning balance of the APIC pool related to the tax effects of share-based compensation and todetermine the subsequent impact on the APIC pool and the statement of cash flows of the tax effects of share-based awards that were fully vested andoutstanding upon the adoption of ASC 718.The Company uses a Black-Scholes option valuation model to determine the grant date fair value of share-based compensation under ASC 718. TheBlack-Scholes model incorporates various assumptions including the expected term of awards, volatility of stock price, risk-free rates of return and dividendyield. The expected term of an award is no less than the option vesting period and is based on the Company’s historical experience. Expected volatility isbased upon the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. The risk-free interest rate is approximated using rates available on U.S. Treasury securitieswith a remaining term similar to the option’s expected life. The Company uses a dividend yield of zero in the Black-Scholes option valuation model as itdoes not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future that do not contain antidilution provisions requiring the adjustment of exercise prices andoption shares. Share-based compensation is recorded net of expected forfeitures.Concentration of Credit RiskFinancial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk principally consist of trade accounts receivable. The Companyperforms ongoing credit evaluations of its customers but generally does not require collateral to support customer receivables. The Company maintains itscash with high quality credit institutions, and its cash equivalents are in high quality securities.Income (Loss) Per Common ShareBasic income (loss) per common share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.Diluted income (loss) per common share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock, adjusted for the dilutive effect ofpotential common stock and related income from continuing operations, net of tax. Potential common stock, computed using the treasury stock method orthe if-converted method, includes options, warrants, restricted stock, restricted stock units and convertible preferred stock.In periods when the Company generates income, the Company calculates basic earnings per share using the two-class method, pursuant to ASC No. 260,“Earnings Per Share.” The two-class method is required as the shares of the Company’s preferred stock qualify as participating securities, having the right toreceive dividends should dividends be declared on common stock. UnderF-21Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDthis method, earnings for the period are allocated to the common stock and preferred stock to the extent that each security may share in earnings as if all ofthe earnings for the period had been distributed. The Company does not use the two-class method in periods when it generates a loss as the holders of thepreferred stock do not participate in losses.ReclassificationCertain previous year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentations, as related to the reporting of new balance sheet lineitems.Newly Adopted Accounting PrinciplesIn April 2014, an update was issued to the Presentation of Financial Statements Topic No. 205 and Property, Plant and Equipment Topic No. 360,Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-8, “Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity”, whichchanges the criteria for reporting discontinued operations. The ASU revises the definition of a discontinued operation and expands the disclosurerequirements. Entities should not apply the amendments to a component of an entity that is classified as held for sale before the effective date even if it isdisposed of after the effective date. That is, the ASU must be adopted prospectively. Early adoption is permitted, but only for disposals (or classifications asheld for sale) that have not been previously reported in the financial statements. On January 1, 2015, the Company adopted this update, which did not have amaterial impact on the consolidated financial statements.In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes", which eliminates therequirement to separate deferred tax liabilities and assets between current and noncurrent in a classified balance sheet. The amendments require that alldeferred tax liabilities and assets of the same tax jurisdiction or a tax filing group, as well as any related valuation allowance, be offset and presented as asingle noncurrent amount in a classified balance sheet. The Company early adopted the ASU effective December 31, 2015.In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-3, “Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs”,which requires that debt issuance costs be reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the face amount of the related liability, consistent with thepresentation of debt discounts. Prior to the amendments, debt issuance costs were presented as a deferred charge (i.e., an asset) on the balance sheet. Further,the amendments require the amortization of debt issuance costs to be reported as interest expense. Similarly, debt issuance costs and any discount or premiumare considered in the aggregate when determining the effective interest rate on the debt. The Company early adopted this ASU effective December 31, 2015.The Company has retrospectively applied this ASU and reclassified the deferred financing costs from Other assets to Long-term obligations on theconsolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2014.New Accounting PronouncementsIn February 2016, the FASB has issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02, "Leases." Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s effectivedate for adoption is January 1, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidated financial statements.In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-01, which, among other things, will require all equity securities currentlyclassified as “available for sale” to be reported at fair value, with holding gains and losses recognized in net income instead of AOCI. The Company will berequired to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidatedfinancial statements.In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, “Business Combination Topic No. 805: Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement - PeriodAdjustments”, which requires adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period to be recognized in the reporting periodin which the adjustment amounts are determined. This includes any effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects as aresult of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. Early adoption is permitted. TheCompany’s effective date for adoption is January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidatedfinancial statements.In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-15, “Interest - Imputation of Interest Subtopic No. 835-30: Presentation and Subsequent Measurement ofDebt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements”, which codifies an SEC staff announcement that entities are permitted to defer and presentdebt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements as assets.F-22Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDThe Company’s effective date for adoption is January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidatedfinancial statements.In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers Topic No. 606: Deferral of the Effective Date”, which defersthe effective date of the new revenue recognition standard by one year. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s effective date for adoption is January 1,2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidated financial statements.In July, 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-12, "(Part I) Fully Benefit-Responsive Investment Contracts, (Part II) Plan Investment Disclosures, (Part III)Measurement Date Practical Expedient". Early application is permitted. The Company's effective date for adoption is January 1, 2016. The Company iscurrently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidated financial statements.In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, “Inventory Topic No. 330: Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory”, which requires inventory withinthe scope of the ASU to be measured using the lower of cost and net realizable value. Inventory excluded from the scope of the ASU will continue to bemeasured at the lower of cost or market. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s effective date for adoption is January 1, 2017. The Company is currentlyevaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidated financial statements.In May, 2015, the FASB has issued ASU 2015-9, "Disclosures About Short-Duration Contracts". Early application is permitted. The Company's effectivedate for adoption is January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidated financial statements.In May 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-8, “Business Combinations Topic No. 805: Pushdown Accounting-Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuantto Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 115 (SEC Update)”, which rescinds certain SEC guidance in order to confirm with ASU 2014-17, “Pushdown Accounting”(“ASU 2014-17”). ASU 2014-17 was issued in November 2014 and provides a reporting entity that is a business or nonprofit activity (an “acquiree”) theoption to apply pushdown accounting to its separate financial statements when an acquirer obtains control of the acquiree. Early adoption is permitted. TheCompany’s effective date for adoption is January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidatedfinancial statements.In May 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-07, "Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or ItsEquivalent)". Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s effective date for adoption is January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ofthis accounting update on its consolidated financial statements.In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-2, “Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis”, which amends the consolidation requirements in ASC810 and significantly changes the consolidation analysis required under U.S. GAAP relating to whether or not to consolidate certain legal entities. Earlyadoption is permitted. The Company’s effective date for adoption is January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accountingupdate on its consolidated financial statements.In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-1, “Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items”, whicheliminates the concept from U.S. GAAP the concept of an extraordinary item. Under the ASU, an entity will no longer (1) segregate an extraordinary item fromthe results of ordinary operations; (2) separately present an extraordinary item on its income statement, net of tax, after income from continuing operations; or(3) disclose income taxes and earnings-per-share data applicable to an extraordinary item. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s effective date foradoption is January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on its consolidated financial statements.Effective January 1, 2018, the Company may adopt ASU 2014-09, "Revenue From Contracts With Customers" (Topic 606) using a retrospectiveapproach (with certain optional practical expedients) or a cumulative effect approach. Under the this alternative, an entity would apply the new revenuestandard only to contracts that are incomplete under legacy U.S. GAAP at the date of initial application and recognize the cumulative effect of the newstandard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. That is, prior years would not be restated and additional disclosures would be requiredto enable users of the financial statements to understand the impact of adopting the new standard in the current year compared to prior years that arepresented under legacy U.S. GAAP. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting update on itsconsolidated financial statements.F-23Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED3. Business CombinationsThe Company’s acquisitions were accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting which requires, among other things, that assets acquired andliabilities assumed be recognized at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Estimates of fair value included in the consolidated financialstatements, in conformity with ASC No. 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), represent the Company’s best estimates andvaluations developed with the assistance of independent appraisers and, where such valuations have not yet been completed or are not available, industrydata and trends and by reference to relevant market rates and transactions. The following estimates and assumptions are inherently subject to significantuncertainties and contingencies beyond the control of the Company. Accordingly, the Company cannot provide assurance that the estimates, assumptions,and values reflected in the valuations will be realized, and actual results could vary materially.Any changes to the initial estimates of the fair value of the assets and liabilities will be recorded as adjustments to those assets and liabilities and residualamounts will be allocated to goodwill. In accordance with ASC 805, if additional information is obtained about these assets and liabilities within themeasurement period (not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition), including finalization of asset appraisals, the Company will refine its estimates offair value to allocate the purchase price more accurately.Insurance CompaniesOn December 24, 2015, the Company completed the acquisitions of one hundred percent of the interests in the Insurance Companies as well as all assetsowned by the sellers of the Insurance Companies or their affiliates that are used exclusively or primarily in the business of the Insurance Companies, subjectto certain exceptions. The operations of the Insurance Companies were consolidated into our insurance operating segment, with a plan to leverage theirexisting platform and industry expertise to identify strategic growth opportunities for managing closed block of long-term care business.The aggregate consideration provided in connection with the acquisition of the Insurance Companies and related transactions and agreements was $18.6million, consisting of cash, $2 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s Senior Secured Notes, 1,007,422 shares of the Company's commonstock and five years warrants to purchase two million shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $7.08 per share (subject to customaryadjustments upon stock splits or similar transactions) exercisable on or after February 3, 2016 (the "Warrant").Purchase Price AllocationThe preliminary fair values of identified assets acquired, liabilities assumed, residual goodwill and consideration transferred are summarized as follows(in thousands):Fair value of consideration transferred Cash $6,981Company’s Senior Secured Notes 1,879Company's common stock 5,380Warrant 4,332Total fair value of consideration transfered $18,572 Purchase price allocation Fixed maturities, available for sale at fair value $1,230,038Equity securities, available for sale at fair value 35,697Mortgage loans 1,252Policy loans 18,354Other investments 183Cash and cash equivalents 48,525Recoverable from reinsurers 523,076Accrued investment income 14,417Deferred tax asset 15,723Goodwill 29,021F-24Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDIntangibles 4,850Other assets 12,869Total assets acquired 1,934,005Life, accident and health reserves (1,592,722)Annuity reserves (259,675)Value of business acquired (50,857)Other liabilities (12,179)Total liabilities assumed (1,915,433)Total net assets acquired $18,572The values of intangibles, life, accident and health reserved, annuity reserves, and value of business acquired are estimates and might change.The acquisition of the Insurance Companies resulted in goodwill of approximately $29.0 million. Goodwill was the excess of the considerationtransferred over the net assets recognized and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individuallyidentified and separately recognized. The Insurance Companies were recognized as a new stand-alone reporting unit. Goodwill is not amortized and is notdeductible for tax purposes.The Value of Business Acquired ("VOBA")The VOBA was derived using a “Becker-ized” Present Value of Distributable Earnings (“PVDE”) method. The PVDE was derived using the statutory aftertax profits. The VOBA was valued at $50.9 million and is amortized over the anticipated remaining future lifetime of the acquired long term care blocks ofbusiness. VOBA is amortized in relation to the projected future premium of the acquired long term care blocks of business.Reinsurance RecoverableThe reinsurance recoverable balance represents amounts recoverable from third party. US GAAP requires insurance reserves and reinsurance recoverablebalances to be presented on a gross basis, as opposed to US statutory accounting principles, where reserves are presented net of reinsurance. Accordingly, theCompany grossed up the fair value of the net insurance contract liability for the amount of reinsurance of approximately $515.9 million, to arrive at a grossinsurance liability, and recognized an offsetting reinsurance recoverable amount of approximately $515.9 million. As part of this process, managementconsidered reinsurance counterparty credit risk and considers it to have an immaterial impact on the reinsurance fair value gross-up. To mitigate this risksubstantially all reinsurance is ceded to companies with investment grade S&P ratings. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers were estimated in a manner consistent with the liability associated with the reinsured policies and were an estimateof the reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses, including an estimate for losses incurred but not reported. Reinsurance recoverable representexpected cash inflows from reinsurers for liabilities ceded and therefore incorporate uncertainties as to the timing and amount of claim payments.Reinsurance recoverable includes the balances due from reinsurers under the terms of the reinsurance agreements for these ceded balances as well assettlement amounts currently due.Contingent LiabilityPursuant to the purchase agreement, the Company also agreed to pay to the sellers, on an annual basis with respect to the years 2015 through 2019, theamount, if any, by which the Insurance Companies’ cash flow testing and premium deficiency reserves decrease from the amount of such reserves as ofDecember 31, 2014, up to $13.0 million. The balance is calculated based on the fluctuation of the statutory cash flow testing and premium deficiencyreserves annually following each of the Insurance Companies' filing with its domiciliary insurance regulator of its annual statutory statements for eachcalendar year ending December 31, 2015 through and including December 31, 2019. Based on the 2015 statutory statements, the Company does not have apayment due. Further, the Company's current estimate is that the obligation will not be incurred up through the year ended December 31, 2019. Thisexpectation is primarily driven by the following factors (i) less confidence that treasury rates will be increasing back to historical averages any time soon; (ii)poor stock market performance in the first months of 2016; (iii) uncertainty around future operating expenses historically performed by sellers; and (iv) thepremium deficiency reserve as reported at December 31, 2015 increased by approximately $8.0 million and since the balance is cumulative over the period, adecrease of approximately $8.0 million wouldF-25Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDbe required first before there would be any obligation to the sellers. The Company will re-perform this assessment at each reporting period through December31, 2019 or until the $13.0 million is paid in full.Control Level Risk-Based CapitalIn connection with the consummation of the acquisition, the Company has agreed with the Ohio Department of Insurance (ODOI) that, for five yearsfollowing the closing of the transaction, it will contribute to CGI cash or marketable securities acceptable to the ODOI to the extent required for CGI’s totaladjusted capital to be not less than 400% of CGI’s authorized control level risk-based capital (each as defined under Ohio law and reported in CGI’s statutorystatements filed with the ODOI). Similarly, the Company has agreed with the Texas Department of Insurance (TDOI) that, for five years following the closingof the transaction, it will contribute to UTA cash or other admitted assets acceptable to the TDOI to the extent required for UTA’s total adjusted capital to benot less than 400% of UTA’s authorized control level risk-based capital (each as defined under Texas law and reported in UTA’s statutory statements filedwith the TDOI).Also in connection with the consummation of the acquisition, each of the Insurance Companies entered into a capital maintenance agreement with GreatAmerican Financial Resources, Inc., ("GAFRI") (each, a “Capital Maintenance Agreement”, and collectively, the “Capital Maintenance Agreements”). Undereach Capital Maintenance Agreement, if the applicable Insurance Company's total adjusted capital reported in its annual statutory statements is less than400% of its authorized control level risk-based capital, GAFRI will pay cash or assets to the applicable Insurance Company as required to eliminate suchshortfall (after giving effect to any capital contributions made by the Company or its affiliates since the date of the relevant annual statutory statement).GAFRI’s obligation to make such payments is capped at $25.0 million under the Capital Maintenance Agreement with UTA and $10.0 million under theCapital Maintenance Agreement with CGI. Each of the Capital Maintenance Agreements will remain in effect from January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2021 oruntil payments by GAFRI thereunder equal $35.0 million. Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the Company will indemnify GAFRI for the amount of anypayments made by it under the Capital Maintenance Agreements.As of December 31, 2015, total adjusted capital reported in Insurance Companies' annual statutory statements was in excess of 400% of its authorizedcontrol level risk-based capital.SchuffOn May 29, 2014, the Company completed the acquisition of 2.5 million shares of common stock of Schuff and negotiated an agreement to purchase anadditional 198,411 shares, representing an approximately 65% interest in Schuff. Schuff repurchased a portion of its outstanding common stock in June2014, which had the effect of increasing the Company’s ownership interest to 70%. During the fourth quarter of 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2015,the final results of a tender offer for all outstanding shares of Schuff were announced and various open-market purchases were made, which resulted in theacquisition of 823,694 shares and an increase in our ownership interest to 91%. The Company acquired Schuff to expand the business that it engages in andsaw Schuff as an opportunity to enter the steel fabrication and erection market.The table below summarizes the fair value of the Schuff assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The Company purchased 2.5million shares of common stock of Schuff for $78.8 million. The purchase price of Schuff was valued at $31.50 per share which represented both the cash paidby the Company for its 60% interest (the acquisition of 2.5 million shares of common stock), and the fair value of the noncontrolling interest of 40%.The purchase price allocation is as follows (in thousands):Cash and cash equivalents $(627)Investments 1,714Accounts receivable 130,622Costs and recognized earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts 27,126Prepaid expenses and other current assets 3,079Inventories 14,487Property and equipment, net 85,662Goodwill 24,490Trade names 4,478F-26Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDOther assets 2,947Total assets acquired 293,978 Accounts payable 37,621Accrued payroll and employee benefits 11,668Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 12,532Billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts 65,985Accrued income taxes 1,202Accrued interest 76Current portion of long-term debt 15,460Long-term debt 4,375Deferred tax liability 7,693Other liabilities 604Noncontrolling interest 4,365Total liabilities assumed 161,581Enterprise value 132,397Less fair value of noncontrolling interest 53,647Purchase price attributable to controlling interest $78,750The acquisition of Schuff resulted in goodwill of approximately $24.5 million. Goodwill was the excess of the consideration transferred over the netassets recognized and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separatelyrecognized. Schuff was recognized as a new stand-alone reporting unit. Goodwill is not amortized and is not deductible for tax purposes.Amortizable Intangible AssetsThe Schuff trade name was valued using a relief from royalty methodology. An estimated 60% of Schuff's revenue is generated from Schuff’s relationshipwith general contractors. Thus, a value of the Schuff trade name was calculated based on the present value of Schuff’s projected revenues for 15 yearsmultiplied by 60%. The Schuff trade name was valued at $4.5 million and is being amortized over a 15 year life.ASC 810 requires that transactions that result in an increase in ownership of a subsidiary be accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amount ofthe noncontrolling interest is adjusted to reflect the controlling interest’s decreased ownership interest in the subsidiary’s net assets and any differencebetween the consideration paid by the parent to a noncontrolling interest holder (or contributed by the parent to the net assets of the subsidiary) and theadjustment to the carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest in the subsidiary is recognized directly in equity attributable to the controlling interest. Dueto the increase of the Company’s ownership to 91% from the May 2014 acquisition date through December 31, 2014, the Company has recorded anadjustment of Schuff’s noncontrolling interest by $3.4 million and recorded as excess book value over fair value of purchased noncontrolling interest in theCompany’s consolidated statement of stockholders' equity. In the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company acquired an additional 14,551 shares ofSchuff that resulted in less than $0.1 million of excess book value over fair value of purchased noncontrolling interest in the Company’s consolidatedstatement of stockholders’ equity. The ownership interest of 91% did not change.ANGOn August 1, 2014, the Company paid $15.5 million to acquire 15,500 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of ANG (the “ANG PreferredStock”), representing an approximately 51% interest in ANG. The ANG Preferred Stock is convertible into 1,033,333 shares of common stock and also hasvoting rights. The noncontrolling interest represents 1,000,000 shares of common stock; thereby giving the Company a controlling interest. The Companyacquired ANG for its strong growth potential which is in line with the Company’s strategy to find investments that it can operate to generate high returns andsignificant cash flow.F-27Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDThe table below summarizes the fair value of the ANG assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The purchase price of ANG wasvalued at $23.7 million, which represented both the cash paid by the Company for its 51% interest ($15.5 million), and the fair value of the noncontrollinginterest of 49%, which we determined to be $8.2 million.The purchase price allocation is as follows (in thousands):Cash and cash equivalents $15,704Accounts receivable 306Prepaid expenses and other current assets 31Inventories 27Property and equipment, net 1,921Customer contracts 2,700Trade names 6,300Goodwill 1,374Other assets 2Total assets acquired 28,365Accounts payable 49Accrued payroll and employee benefits 5Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 26Billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts 114Current portion of long-term debt 34Long-term debt 870Deferred tax liability 3,530Total liabilities assumed 4,628Enterprise value 23,737Less fair value of noncontrolling interest 8,237Purchase price attributable to controlling interest $15,500The acquisition of ANG resulted in goodwill of approximately $1.4 million. Goodwill was the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assetsrecognized and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized.ANG was recognized as a new stand-alone reporting unit. Goodwill is not amortized and is not deductible for tax purposes.Amortizable Intangible AssetsThe ANG trade name was valued using a relief from royalty methodology. The value of the ANG trade name was calculated based on ANG’s projectedrevenues for 15 years. An estimated royalty of 4% (looking at other market participants) was calculated net of tax based upon those revenues and presentvalued over 15 years. The ANG trade name was valued at $6.3 million and is being amortized over a 15 year life. Customer contracts were valued using amulti-period excess earnings methodology. The value of the customer contracts ANG holds for its owned and operated facilities was calculated based on thepresent value of ANG’s net income from those contracts for 4 years. The customer contracts were valued at $2.7 million and are being amortized over a 4 yearlife.GMSLOn September 22, 2014, the Company completed the acquisition of Bridgehouse and its subsidiary, GMSL. The purchase price reflects an enterprisevalue of approximately $260 million, including assumed indebtedness of approximately $130 million leaving a net enterprise value of approximately $130million. The Company acquired GMSL for its attractive valuation and strong cash position.The table below summarizes the fair value of the GMSL assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The net enterprise value ofGMSL was valued at $130 million which represented both the cash paid by the Company for its 97% interest, and the fair value of the noncontrolling interestof 3%.F-28Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDThe purchase price allocation is as follows (in thousands):Cash and cash equivalents $62,555Accounts receivable 22,381Prepaid expenses and other current assets 23,108Inventories 7,395Restricted cash 4,682Property and equipment, net 152,022Customer contracts 8,121Trade name 1,137Developed technology 1,299Goodwill 1,366Investments 26,767Other assets 7,482Total assets acquired 318,315Accounts payable 8,740Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 44,136Accrued income taxes 1,251Current portion of long-term debt 8,140Long-term debt 78,356Pension liability 46,110Deferred tax liability 709Other liabilities 485Total liabilities assumed 187,927Enterprise value 130,388Less fair value of noncontrolling interest 3,803Purchase price attributable to controlling interest $126,585The acquisition of GMSL resulted in goodwill of approximately $1.4 million. Goodwill was the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assetsrecognized and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized.GMSL was recognized as a new stand-alone reporting unit. Goodwill is not amortized and is not deductible for tax purposes.Amortizable Intangible AssetsCustomer contracts were valued using a multi-period excess earnings methodology. Projected revenues and margins were used to forecast the earningsfor each contract taking into consideration probabilities of contract renewals. Three customer contracts were valued at £5.0 million ($8.1 million using theexchange rate in effect at the time of acquisition) and are being amortized over a 15 year life.The GMSL trade name was valued using a relief from royalty methodology. Given an element of uncertainty surrounding the GMSL trade name, andconsistent with likely market participant use, a probability of continuing use was applied to the projected revenue stream. The GMSL trade name was valuedat £0.7 million ($1.1 million using the exchange rate in effect at the time of acquisition) and is being amortized over a 3 year life.The developed technology was valued using a relief from royalty methodology. The fair value was estimated based on the revenue attributable todeveloped technology and the hypothetical royalties avoided by owning the technology as well as the current royalties earned, the revenue stream wasadjusted for technology obsolescence, as the technology will decay over time and be replaced by new technologies. The developed technology waspreliminarily valued at £0.8 million ($1.3 million using the exchange rate in effect at the time of acquisition) and is being amortized over a 4 year life. F-29Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDGMSL's Joint Ventures (accounted for under the Equity Method)S. B. Submarine Systems Co., Ltd. (“SBSS”) – This investment was valued using an income approach (income capitalization method) and marketapproach (guideline public company method) and weighted each 50-50 to arrive at an operating value. From there, debt was added and a 35% ‘discount forthe lack of marketability’ was applied to arrive at a fair value. That fair value was multiplied by GMSL’s ownership percentage to arrive a fair valueapplicable to GMSL. The income approach used year end 2014 results as acquisition-date financials as projections were not available. The multiples appliedunder the market approach were based on EBITDA and revenue multiples for entities operating in the same industry. The valuation resulted in a fair value of£8.4 million ($13.7 million using the exchange rate in effect at the time of acquisition).Huawei Marine Networks Co., Ltd. ("HMN") – This investment was valued using a market approach (guideline public company method) and costapproach (book value of equity) and weighted each 50-50 to arrive at an operating value. There was no debt but a 30% ‘discount for the lack ofmarketability’ was applied to arrive at a fair value. That fair value was multiplied by GMSL’s ownership percentage to arrive a fair value applicable to GMSL.The multiples applied under the market approach were based on EBITDA and revenue multiples for entities operating in the same industry. The valuationresulted in a fair value of £4.3 million ($7.0 million using the exchange rate in effect at the time of acquisition).International Cableship Pte., Ltd. ("ICPL") – This investment was valued using a cost approach (book value of equity) to arrive at an operating value.There was no debt but a 20% ‘discount for the lack of marketability’ was applied to arrive at a fair value. That fair value was multiplied by GMSL’sownership percentage to arrive a fair value applicable to GMSL. The valuation resulted in a fair value of £2.8 million ($4.5 million using the exchange rate ineffect at the time of acquisition).Sembawang Cable Depot Pte., Ltd. ("SCDP") – This investment was valued using an income approach (income capitalization method) and marketapproach (guideline public company method) and weighted each 50-50 to arrive at an operating value. There was no debt, but a 20% ‘discount for the lack ofmarketability’ was applied to arrive at a fair value. That fair value was multiplied by GMSL’s ownership percentage to arrive a fair value applicable to GMSL.The income approach used year end 2014 results as acquisition-date financials as projections were not available. The multiples applied under the marketapproach were based on EBITDA and revenue multiples for entities operating in the same industry. The valuation resulted in a fair value of £0.7 million.($1.1 million using the exchange rate in effect at the time of acquisition).Other investments were valued at £0.3 million ($0.5 million using the exchange rate in effect at the time of acquisition). The fair value was determined toapproximate carrying value.The total fair values of SBSS, HMN, ICPL and SCDP was £16.2 million, while the carrying value (based on GMSL’s ownership percentage and using thebalance sheets as of December 31, 2014) was £25.2 million. This resulted in a basis difference of £9.0 million ($14.6 million using the exchange rate in effectat the time of acquisition), of which the majority of was attributable to SBSS. This basis difference will be accreted up over a 9 year period which will result inthe increase to the investment in SBSS.Pro Forma Adjusted SummaryThe results of operations for the Insurance Companies, Schuff, ANG, and GMSL have been included in the consolidated financial statements subsequentto their acquisition dates.The following schedule presents unaudited consolidated pro forma results of operations data as if the acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2014. Thisinformation does not purport to be indicative of the actual results that would have occurred if the acquisitions had actually been completed on the dateindicated, nor is it necessarily indicative of the future operating results or the financial position of the combined company (in thousands):F-30Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014Net revenue $1,243,173 $1,006,091 Net income (loss) from continuing operations $23,026 $10,859Gain (loss) from discontinued operations (21) (3,105) Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 $23,202 $7,754 Per share amounts: Income (loss) from continuing operations $0.87 $0.55Gain (loss) from discontinued operations — (0.16)Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 $0.87 $0.39All expenditures incurred in connection with the acquisitions were expensed and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.Transaction costs incurred in connection with the Insurance Companies acquisition were $4.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. Transactioncosts incurred in connection with the Schuff acquisition were $0.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2014. Transaction costs incurred inconnection with the GMSL acquisition were $8.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2014. Transaction costs associated with the ANG acquisitionwere immaterial.The results of operations for the Insurance Companies have been included in the consolidated results of operations from the respective acquisition datesthrough December 31, 2015. The results of operations for Schuff, ANG, and GMSL have been included in the consolidated results of operations from therespective acquisition dates through December 31, 2014. The Company recorded net revenue and net income (loss) as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2015 Net Revenue Net Income(Loss)Insurance Companies $2,865 $1,634 Year Ended December 31, 2014 Net Revenue Net Income(Loss)Schuff $348,318 $13,652ANG 1,839 415GMSL 35,328 7,1704. InvestmentsFixed Maturity and Equity Securities Available-for-SaleThe following tables provide information relating to investments in fixed maturity and equity securities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 (inthousands):December 31, 2015 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses ValueFixed maturity securities U.S. Government and government agencies $17,131 $1 $(49) $17,083States, municipalities and political subdivisions 387,427 60 (1,227) 386,260Foreign government 6,426 3 — 6,429Residential mortgage-backed securities 166,324 579 (588) 166,315F-31Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDCommercial mortgage-backed securities 74,898 233 (96) 75,035Asset-backed securities 34,396 106 (51) 34,451Corporate and other 548,289 318 (2,339) 546,268Total fixed maturity securities $1,234,891 $1,300 $(4,350) $1,231,841 Equity securities Common stocks $19,935 $1 $(1,311) $18,625Perpetual preferred stocks 30,901 162 (6) 31,057Total equity securities $50,836 $163 $(1,317) $49,682December 31, 2014 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses ValueFixed maturity securities Corporate and other $250 $— $— $250Total fixed maturity securities $250 $— $— $250Equity securities Common stocks $2,405 $2,462 $— $4,867Total equity securities $2,405 $2,462 $— $4,867The Company has investments in mortgage backed securities ("MBS") that contain embedded derivatives (primarily interest-only MBS) that do notqualify for hedge accounting. The Company records the entire change in the fair value of these securities in earnings. These investments had a fair value of$21.0 million at December 31, 2015, and were not held by the Company at December 31, 2014. The gain resulting for changes in fair value of these securitieswas $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.Maturities of Fixed Maturity Securities Available-for-SaleThe amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2015 are shown by contractual maturity in the tablebelow (dollars in thousands). Actual maturities can differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations withor without call or prepayment penalties. Asset and mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table below, as they are not due at a single maturitydate (in thousands). Amortized FairCorporate, Municipal, U.S. Government and Other securities Cost ValueDue in one year or less $16,711 $16,700Due after one year through five years 141,237 141,132Due after five years through ten years 168,061 167,610Due after ten years 633,264 630,598Subtotal 959,273 956,040Mortgage-backed securities 241,222 241,350Asset-backed securities 34,396 34,451Total $1,234,891 $1,231,841Corporate Fixed Maturity SecuritiesThe tables below show the major industry types of the Company’s Corporate and other fixed maturity holdings as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 (inthousands):December 31, 2015 Amortized Fair % of Cost Value TotalFinance, insurance, and real estate $217,946 $217,377 39.8%F-32Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDTransportation, communications, electric, gas and sanitary services 156,022 155,175 28.4Manufacturing 95,138 94,792 17.4Other 79,183 78,924 14.4Total $548,289 $546,268 100.0%December 31, 2014 Amortized Fair % of Cost Value TotalFinance, insurance, and real estate $— $— —%Transportation, communications, electric, gas and sanitary services — — —Manufacturing — — —Other 250 250 100.0Total $250 $250 100.0%Other-Than-Temporary Impairments - Fixed Maturity and Equity SecuritiesA portion of certain other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses on fixed maturity securities is recognized in AOCI. For these securities the netamount recognized in the consolidated statements of operations (“credit loss impairments”) represents the difference between the amortized cost of thesecurity and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment.Any remaining difference between the fair value and amortized cost is recognized in AOCI. The Company did not record any impairments on fixed maturityor equity securities during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 or 2013.Unrealized Losses for Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities Available-for-SaleThe following table presents the total unrealized losses for the 527 fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 2015, where the estimated fairvalue had declined and remained below amortized cost by the indicated amount (in thousands). There were no unrealized losses for fixed and equitysecurities at December 31, 2014: Unrealized % of Losses TotalLess than 20% $(5,667) 100.0%20% or more for less than six months — —%20% or more for six months or greater — —Total $(5,667) 100.0%The determination of whether unrealized losses are “other-than-temporary” requires judgment based on subjective as well as objective factors. Factorsconsidered and resources used by management include (a) whether the unrealized loss is credit-driven or a result of changes in market interest rates (b) theextent to which fair value is less than cost basis (c) cash flow projections received from independent sources (d) historical operating, balance sheet and cashflow data contained in issuer SEC filings and news releases (e) near-term prospects for improvement in the issuer and/or its industry (f) third party researchand communications with industry specialists (g) financial models and forecasts (h) the continuity of dividend payments, maintenance of investment graderatings and hybrid nature of certain investments (i) discussions with issuer management, and (j) ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of timesufficient to allow for anticipated recovery in fair value.The Company analyzes its MBS for other-than-temporary impairment each quarter based upon expected future cash flows. Management estimatesexpected future cash flows based upon its knowledge of the MBS market, cash flow projections (which reflect loan to collateral values, subordination,vintage and geographic concentration) received from independent sources, implied cash flows inherent in security ratings and analysis of historical paymentdata.The Company believes it will recover its cost basis in the securities with unrealized losses and that the Company has the ability to hold the securitiesuntil they recover in value. The Company neither has an intention to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell the securities with unrealized losses as ofDecember 31, 2015. However, unforeseen facts and circumstances may cause theF-33Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDCompany to sell fixed maturity and equity securities in the ordinary course of managing its portfolio to meet certain diversification, credit quality andliquidity guidelines.The following tables present the estimated fair values and gross unrealized losses for 527 fixed maturity and equity securities that have estimated fairvalues below amortized cost as of December 31, 2015. There were no unrealized losses for fixed and equity securities at December 31, 2014. The Companydoes not have any other-than-temporary impairment losses reported in AOCI. These investments are presented by investment category and the length of timethe related fair value has remained below amortized cost (in thousands):December 31, 2015 Less than 12 months 12 months or greater Total Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Value Loss Value Loss Value LossFixed maturity securities U.S. Government and government agencies $15,409 $(49) $— $— $15,409 $(49)States, municipalities and political subdivisions 294,105 (1,227) — — 294,105 (1,227)Residential mortgage-backed securities 77,695 (588) — — 77,695 (588)Commercial mortgage-backed securities 44,618 (96) — — 44,618 (96)Asset-backed securities 22,550 (51) — — 22,550 (51)Corporate and other 461,431 (2,339) — — 461,431 (2,339)Total fixed maturity securities $915,808 $(4,350) $— $— $915,808 $(4,350)Equity securities Common stocks $13,657 $(1,311) $— $— $13,657 $(1,311)Perpetual preferred stocks 7,378 (6) — — 7,378 (6)Total equity securities $21,035 $(1,317) $— $— $21,035 $(1,317)At December 31, 2015, investment grade fixed maturity securities (as determined by nationally recognized rating agencies) represented approximately83.0% of the gross unrealized loss and 90.8% of the fair value.Certain risks are inherent in connection with fixed maturity securities, including loss upon default, price volatility in reaction to changes in interest rates,and general market factors and risks associated with reinvestment of proceeds due to prepayments or redemptions in a period of declining interest rates.Other Invested AssetsOther invested assets represent approximately 3.9% and 90.8% of the Company’s total investments as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.Carrying values of other invested assets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in thousands): 2015 2014 Cost Method Equity Method Cost Method Equity MethodCommon Equity $249 $6,475 $— $10,463Preferred Equity 1,655 7,522 — 7,453Warrants 3,880 — 2,956 —Limited partnerships — 1,171 — 1,151GMSL Joint Ventures — 27,324 — 28,543Total $5,784 $42,492 $2,956 $47,610Additionally, of December 31, 2015, other invested assets include common stock purchase warrants and call options accounted under the ASC 815 (inthousands): Cost Gains Losses Fair ValueWarrants $6,383 $428 $(2,600) $4,211Call options 1,680 — (1,048) 632Total $8,063 $428 $(3,648) $4,843F-34Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDSummarized information for the Company's equity method investments as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands) is asfollows (information for one of the investees is reported on a one month lag): Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014Net revenue $502,122 $151,594Gross profit $103,236 $35,783Income (loss) from continuing operations $(18,743) $5,142Net income (loss) $(36,873) $5,142 Current assets $256,372 $269,864Noncurrent assets $219,434 $149,995Current liabilities $169,002 $179,552Noncurrent liabilities $132,934 $18,063The Company holds Gaming Nation's convertible debt and warrant currently reported within fixed maturities, available-for-sale at fair value and otherinvested assets, respectively, with unrealized gains and losses recorded within other comprehensive income and earnings, respectively. For the year endedDecember 31, 2015 the Company recorded unrealized losses of $5.8 million and $2.0 million in other comprehensive income and earnings for debenture andwarrant, respectively. If both assets were converted into the Gaming Nation's common stock, the Company would have recorded approximately $3.3 millionof losses in earnings based on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the latestpublicly available filing.5. Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsAssets by Hierarchy LevelAssets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are summarized below (dollars in thousands). AtDecember 31, 2014 no liabilities were carried at fair value.December 31, 2015 Fair Value Measurements Using: Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Assets Fixed maturity securities U.S. Government and government agencies $17,083 $5,753 $11,257 $73States, municipalities and political subdivisions 386,260 — 380,601 5,659Foreign government 6,429 — 6,429 —Residential mortgage-backed securities 166,315 — 87,296 79,019Commercial mortgage-backed securities 75,035 — 14,510 60,525Asset-backed securities 34,451 — 6,798 27,653Corporate and other 546,268 7,090 525,234 13,944Total fixed maturity securities 1,231,841 12,843 1,032,125 186,873Equity securities Common stocks 18,625 13,693 — 4,932Perpetual preferred stocks 31,057 10,271 20,786 —Total equity securities 49,682 23,964 20,786 4,932Derivatives 4,843 632 — 4,211Total assets accounted for at fair value $1,286,366 $37,439 $1,052,911 $196,016 Liabilities Warrant liability $4,332 $— $— $4,332Total liabilities accounted for at fair value $4,332 $— $— $4,332F-35Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDDecember 31, 2014 Fair Value Measurements Using: Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Assets Fixed maturity securities Corporate and other $250 $— $— $250Total fixed maturity securities 250 — — 250Equity securities Common stocks 4,867 4,867 — —Total equity securities 4,867 4,867 — —Cash Equivalents 908 908 — —Total financial assets $6,025 $5,775 $— $250There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.The methods and assumptions the Company uses to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis aresummarized below.Fixed Maturity Securities - the fair values of the Company’s publicly-traded fixed maturity securities are generally based on prices obtained fromindependent pricing services. Prices from pricing services are sourced from multiple vendors, and a vendor hierarchy is maintained by asset type based onhistorical pricing experience and vendor expertise. In some cases, the Company receives prices from multiple pricing services for each security, butultimately uses the price from the pricing service highest in the vendor hierarchy based on the respective asset type. Consistent with the fair value hierarchydescribed above, securities with validated quotes from pricing services are generally reflected within Level 2, as they are primarily based on observablepricing for similar assets and/or other market observable inputs.If the Company ultimately concludes that pricing information received from the independent pricing service is not reflective of market activity, non-binding broker quotes are used, if available. If the Company concludes the values from both pricing services and brokers are not reflective of market activity,it may override the information from the pricing service or broker with an internally developed valuation; however, this occurs infrequently. Internallydeveloped valuations or non-binding broker quotes are also used to determine fair value in circumstances where vendor pricing is not available. Theseestimates may use significant unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricingthe asset. Pricing service overrides, internally developed valuations and non-binding broker quotes are generally based on significant unobservable inputsand are reflected as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy.The inputs used in the valuation of corporate and government securities include, but are not limited to standard market observable inputs which arederived from, or corroborated by, market observable data including market yield curve, duration, call provisions, observable prices and spreads for similarpublicly traded or privately traded issues that incorporate the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer.For structured securities, valuation is based primarily on matrix pricing or other similar techniques using standard market inputs including spreads foractively traded securities, spreads off benchmark yields, expected prepayment speeds and volumes, current and forecasted loss severity, rating, weightedaverage coupon, weighted average maturity, average delinquency rates, geographic region, debt-service coverage ratios and issuance-specific informationincluding, but not limited to: collateral type, payment terms of the underlying assets, payment priority within the tranche, structure of the security, dealperformance and vintage of loans.When observable inputs are not available, the market standard valuation techniques for determining the estimated fair value of certain types of securitiesthat trade infrequently, and therefore have little or no price transparency, rely on inputs that are significant to the estimated fair value that are not observablein the market or cannot be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. These unobservable inputs can be based in large part onmanagement judgment or estimation, and cannot be supported by reference to market activity. Even though unobservable, these inputs are based onassumptions deemed appropriate given the circumstances and are believed to be consistent with what other market participants would use when pricing suchsecurities.F-36Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDThe fair values of private placement securities are primarily determined using a discounted cash flow model. In certain cases these models primarily useobservable inputs with a discount rate based upon the average of spread surveys collected from private market intermediaries who are active in both primaryand secondary transactions, taking into account, among other factors, the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer and the reduced liquidity associatedwith private placements. Generally, these securities have been reflected within Level 3. For certain private fixed maturities, the discounted cash flow modelmay also incorporate significant unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the inputs market participants would use inpricing the security. To the extent management determines that such unobservable inputs are not significant to the price of a security, a Level 2 classificationis made. Otherwise, a Level 3 classification is used.Equity Securities – the balance consists principally of common and preferred stock of publicly and privately traded companies. The fair values ofpublicly traded equity securities are primarily based on quoted market prices in active markets and are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.The fair values of preferred equity securities, for which quoted market prices are not readily available, are based on prices obtained from independent pricingservices and these securities are generally classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.Cash Equivalents – the balance consists of money market instruments which are generally valued using unadjusted quoted prices in active markets thatare accessible for identical assets and are primarily classified as Level 1. Various time deposits carried as cash equivalents are not measured at estimated fairvalue and therefore are excluded from the tables presented.Derivatives – the balance consists of common stock purchase warrants and call options. The fair values of the call options are primarily based on quotedmarket prices in active markets and are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.Depending on the terms, the common stock warrants were valuedusing either Black-Scholes analysis or Monte Carlo Simulation. Fair value was determined using unobservable market inputs, including volatility andunderlying security values, therefore the common stock purchase warrants were classified as Level 3.Warrant Liability – the balance consists of the Warrant and recorded within other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value wasdetermined using Monte Carlo Simulation. Monte Carlo Simulation was utilized because the adjustments for exercise price and warrant shares represent pathdependent features; the exercise price from prior periods needs to be known to determine whether a subsequent sale of shares occurs at a price that is lowerthan the then current exercise price. The analysis entails a Geometric Brownian Motion based simulation of one hundred unique price paths of the Company'sstock for each combination of assumptions. Fair value was determined using unobservable market inputs, including volatility, and a range of assumptionsregarding a possibility of an equity capital raise each year and the expected size of future equity capital raises. The present value of a given simulatedscenario was based on intrinsic value at expiration discounted to the valuation date, taking into account any adjustments to the exercise price or warrantshares issuable. The average present value across all one hundred independent price paths represents the estimate of fair value for each combination ofassumption. Therefore, the warrant liability was classified as Level 3.Level 3 Measurements and TransfersChanges in balances of Level 3 financial assets carried at fair value during the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are presented below (inthousands). Total realized/unrealized gains(losses) included in Balance atDecember 31,2014Net earnings(loss) Other comp.income(loss) Purchases andissuances Sales andsettlements Transfer intoLevel 3 Transfer outof Level 3Balance atDecember 31,2015Assets Fixed maturity securities U.S. Government and governmentagencies $— $— $(1) $74 $— $— $— $73States, municipalities and politicalsubdivisions — — 7 5,652 — — — 5,659Foreign government — — — — — — — —Residential mortgage-backed securities — 301 (166) 78,884 — — — 79,019F-37Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDCommercial mortgage-backed securities — (45) 197 60,373 — — — 60,525Asset-backed securities — — — 27,653 — — — 27,653Corporate and other 250 — (53) 14,247 (500) — — 13,944Total fixed maturity securities 250 256 (16) 186,883 (500) — — 186,873Equity securities Common stocks — — — 4,932 — — — 4,932Perpetual preferred stocks — — — — — — — —Total equity securities — — — 4,932 — — — 4,932Warrants — (1,544) (628) 6,383 — — — 4,211Total financial assets $250 $(1,288) $(644) $198,198 $(500) $— $— $196,016Liabilities Warrants $— $— $— $4,332 $— $— $— $4,332Total financial liabilities $— $— $— $4,332 $— $— $— $4,332 Total realized/unrealized gains(losses) included in Balance atDecember 31,2013Net earnings(loss) Other comp.income (loss) Purchases andissuances Sales andsettlements Transfers intoLevel 3 Transfers outof Level 3Balance atDecember 31,2014Assets Fixed maturity securities Corporate and other $— $— $— $250 $— $— $— $250Total fixed maturity securities — — — 250 — — — 250Total financial assets $— $— $— $250 $— $— $— $250Since internally developed Level 3 asset fair values represent less than 1% of the Company’s total assets, any justifiable changes in unobservable inputsused to determine internally developed fair values would not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position.Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value The Company is required by general accounting principles for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures to disclose the fair value of certain financialinstruments including those that are not carried at fair value. The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’sfinancial instruments, which were not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. This table excludes carryingamounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash, accounts receivable, costs and recognized earnings in excess of billings, accounts payable,accrued expenses, billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings, and other current assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to relatively shortperiods to maturity.December 31, 2015 Fair Value Measurement Using: Carrying Value Estimated FairValue Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Assets Mortgage loans $1,252 $1,252 $— $— $1,252Policy loans 18,476 18,476 — 18,476 —Other invested assets 5,784 3,434 — — 3,434Total assets not accounted for at fair value $25,512 $23,162 $— $18,476 $4,686Liabilities Annuity benefits accumulated (1) 257,454 258,847 — — 258,847Long-term obligations (2) 319,180 310,307 — 310,307 —Total liabilities not accounted for at fair value $576,634 $569,154 $— $310,307 $258,847F-38Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDDecember 31, 2014 Fair Value Measurement Using: CarryingValue Estimated FairValue Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Assets Other invested assets $2,956 $7,988 $— $— $7,988Total assets not accounted for at fair value $2,956 $7,988 $— $— $7,988Liabilities Long-term obligations (2) $278,195 $276,791 $— $276,791 $—Total liabilities not accounted for at fair value $278,195 $276,791 $— $276,791 $—(1) Excludes life contingent annuities in the payout phase.(2) Excludes certain lease obligations accounted for under ASC 840.Mortgage Loans on Real Estate – the fair value of mortgage loans on real estate is estimated by discounting cash flows, both principal and interest, usingcurrent interest rates for mortgage loans with similar credit ratings and similar remaining maturities. As such, inputs include current treasury yields andspreads, which are based on the credit rating and average life of the loan, corresponding to the market spreads. The valuation of mortgage loans on real estateis considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.Policy Loans – the policy loans are reported at the unpaid principal balance and carry a fixed interest rate. The Company determined that the carryingvalue approximates fair value because (i) policy loans present no credit risk as the amount of the loan cannot exceed the obligation due upon the death of theinsured or surrender of the underlying policy; (ii) there is no active market for policy loans, i.e. there is no commonly available exit price to determine the fairvalue of policy loans in the open market; (iii) policy loans are intricately linked to the underlying policy liability and in many cases, policy loan balancesare recovered through offsetting the loan balance against the benefits paid under the policy; and (iv) policy loans can be repaid by policyholders at any time,and this prepayment uncertainty reduces the potential impact of a difference between amortized cost (carrying value) and fair value. The valuation of policyloans is considered Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.Other Invested Assets – the balance primarily includes common stock purchase warrants. The fair values were derived using Black-Scholes analysis usingunobservable market inputs, including volatility and underlying security values, therefore the common stock purchase warrants were classified as Level 3.Annuity Benefits Accumulated – The fair value of annuity benefits was determined using the surrender values of the annuities and classified as Level 3.Long-term Obligations – The fair value of the Company’s long-term obligations was determined using Bloomberg Valuation Service BVAL. Themethodology combines direct market observations from contributed sources with quantitative pricing models to generate evaluated prices and classified asLevel 2.6. Accounts ReceivableAccounts receivable consist of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2015 2014Contract receivables: Contracts in progress $103,178 $112,929Unbilled retentions 31,195 32,850Trade receivables 77,150 9,065Other receivables 124 195Allowance for doubtful accounts (794) (2,760) $210,853 $152,2797. Contracts in ProgressF-39Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDCosts and recognized earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts and billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompletedcontracts consist of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2015 2014Costs incurred on contracts in progress $597,656 $531,129Estimated earnings 99,985 73,540 697,641 604,669Less progress billings 679,532 618,530 $18,109 $(13,861)The above is included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet under the following captions: Costs and recognized earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts 39,310 28,098Billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts 21,201 41,959 $18,109 $(13,861)8. InventoryInventory consist of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2015 2014Raw materials $10,485 $12,956Work in process 1,289 1,779Finished goods 346 240 $12,120 $14,9759. Property, Plant and Equipment, netProperty, plant and equipment, net consist of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2015 2014Land$15,521 $19,179Building and leasehold improvements31,530 29,520Plant and transportation equipment4,747 7,090Cable-ships and submersibles137,458 136,252Equipment, furniture and fixtures50,171 35,229Construction in progress10,427 12,150 249,854 239,420Less accumulated depreciation and amortization35,388 6,398 $214,466 $233,022Depreciation expense was $26.8 million, $9.8 million and $12.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Theseamounts included $7.9 million, $4.3 million and zero of depreciation expense within cost of revenue for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013,respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense in 2013 includes depreciation and amortization for the period July 1, 2012—December 31, 2013, whenthe property and equipment of ICS was included in assets held for sale. In accordance with US GAAP, held for sale assets are not depreciated. When ICS wasno longer considered to be held for sale, we were required to record all unrecorded depreciation in the fourth quarter of 2013.F-40Table of ContentsAs of December 31, 2015 and 2014, total net book value of equipment under capital leases consisted of $66.8 million and $75.5 million of cable-shipsand submersibles, respectively.10. Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsGoodwillThe Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test for each of the reporting units on October 1, 2015. Based on the results of the step one test,the Company determined that the fair value was in excess of the carrying value and a step two test was not required. The Company used varying approachesto determine the fair value that includes one or more of the following:•Income-based approach looking at the most current financial projections available to determine the outlook for future income generation.Estimates of future income were projected for a five year forecast period after which assumptions were made relative to a terminal period. Theseestimates of forecast and terminal income were then discounted to determine an enterprise value using a discounted cash flow method (“DCF”);•Market-based approach under the guideline public company (“GPCM”) and guideline transaction method (“GTM”). The GPCM reviews theperformance of several related companies within the same industry and applies similar income measurements of those companies to our reportingunits to calculate fair value. The GTM reviews a list of completed transactions within the same industry and applies similar income measurementused to value those transactions to our reporting units to calculate fair value; and•Cost approach using the carrying value as an approximation of fair value.The following is a summary of the approaches used for each reporting unit:•Schuff was valued using a combination of market and income-based approaches. Under the market approach, valuation multiples were selectedbased on an analysis of the operating and valuation metrics of comparable publicly-traded companies and also for relevant market transactionsover the past three years. The income approach was based on a DCF using financial estimates prepared by the company applying a discount rate of14.0%;•GMSL was valued using a combination of market and income-based approaches. Under the market approach, valuation multiples were selectedbased on an analysis of the operating and valuation metrics of comparable publicly-traded companies and also for relevant market transactionsover the past three years. The income approach was based on a DCF using financial estimates prepared by the company applying a discount rate of15.5%•ICS was valued with an income approach based on a DCF using financial estimates prepared by the company applying a discount rate of 16.5%;•ANG was valued with a combination of cost and market-based approaches. Under the cost approach, an adjusted net assets value was preparedusing the balance sheet of the company. Under the market approach, valuation multiples were selected based on an analysis of the operating andvaluation metrics of comparable publicly-traded companies;•CIG was not included in the Company's annual goodwill impairment testing. Completion of the acquisition of the Insurance Companies occurredDecember 24, 2015 and there no adverse changes in conditions as of December 31, 2015 that would indicate a need for an out of cycle testing ofthe reporting unit.•Other includes DMi and was valued with a combination of cost and income-based approaches. Under the cost approach, an adjusted net assetsvalue was prepared using the balance sheet of the company. The income approach was based on a DCF using financial estimates prepared by thecompany applying a discount rate of 45.0%.The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in thousands):F-41Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Schuff GMSL ICS ANG CIG Other TotalBalance as of January 1, 2014$— $— $3,378 $— $— $— $3,378Effect of change in foreigncurrency exchange rates— (190) — — — — (190)Acquisition of business24,612 1,366 — 1,374 — — 27,352Balance as of December 31,2014$24,612 $1,176 $3,378 $1,374 $— $— $30,540Effect of change in foreigncurrency exchange rates— (56) — — — (56)Reclassification— — — — — 1,781 1,781Acquisition of business(122) 554 — — 29,021 — 29,453Impairment of goodwill— (540) — — — — (540)December 31, 2015$24,490 $1,134 $3,378 $1,374 $29,021 $1,781 $61,178Indefinite-lived Intangible AssetsThe acquisition of the Insurance Companies resulted in state licenses which are considered indefinite-lived intangible assets not subject to amortizationof $4.9 million as of December 31, 2015.Amortizable Intangible AssetsThe changes in the carrying amount of amortizable intangible assets by reporting unit for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (inthousands): Schuff GMSL ANG Pansend Other Non-operatingCorporate TotalTrade names Balance as of December 31, 2013$— $— $— $— $— $— $—Effect of change in foreign currency exchangerates— (49) — — — — (49)Amortization(174) (91) (263) — — — (528)Acquisition of business4,478 1,137 6,300 — — — 11,915Balance as of December 31, 2014$4,304 $997 $6,037 $— $— $— $11,338Effect of change in foreign currency exchangerates— (51) — — — — (51)Amortization(299) (345) (630) — — — (1,274)Balance as of December 31, 2015$4,005 $601 $5,407 $— $— $— $10,013Customer relationships Balance as of December 31, 2013$— $— $— $— $— $— $—Effect of change in foreign currency exchangerates— (353) — — — — (353)Amortization— (129) (151) — — — (280)Acquisition of business— 8,121 5,032 — — — 13,153Balance as of December 31, 2014$— $7,639 $4,881 $— $— $— $12,520Reclassification— — — — — — —Effect of change in foreign currency exchangerates— (351) — — — — (351)Amortization— (494) (437) — — — (931)Balance as of December 31, 2015$— $6,794 $4,444 $— $— $— $11,238Developed technology Balance as of December 31, 2013$— $— $— $— $— $— $—F-42Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDEffect of change in foreign currency exchange rates— (57) — — — — (57)Amortization— (78) — — — — (78)Acquisition of business— 1,299 — — — — 1,299Balance as of December 31, 2014$— $1,164 $— $— $— $— $1,164Reclassification— — — — 4,195 — 4,195Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates— (58) — — — — (58)Amortization— (296) — — (1,916) — (2,212)Balance as of December 31, 2015$— $810 $— $— $2,279 $— $3,089Other Balance as of December 31, 2013$— $— $— $— $— $— $—Amortization— — — (1) — — (1)Acquisition of business/development— — — 115 6,000 22 6,137December 31, 2014$— $— $— $114 $6,000 $22 $6,136Reclassification— — — — (6,000) — (6,000)Amortization— — — (2) — — (2)Asset acquisition— — 20 65 — — 85Balance as of December 31, 2015$— $— $20 $177 $— $22 $219Total amortizable intangible assets Balance as of December 31, 2013$— $— $— $— $— $— $—Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates— (459) — — — — (459)Amortization(174) (298) (414) (1) — — (887)Acquisition of business4,478 10,557 11,332 115 6,000 22 32,504Balance as of December 31, 2014$4,304 $9,800 $10,918 $114 $6,000 $22 $31,158Reclassification— — — — (1,805) — (1,805)Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates— (460) — — — — (460)Amortization(299) (1,135) (1,067) (2) (1,916) — (4,419)Asset acquisition— — 20 65 — — 85Balance as of December 31, 2015$4,005 $8,205 $9,871 $177 $2,279 $22 $24,559Amortization expense for amortizable intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $4.4 million, $0.9 million and $0,respectively. The Company expects amortization expense for its amortizable intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019,2020 and thereafter to be approximately $3.9 million, $3.5 million, $2.2 million, $1.9 million, $1.9 million and $11.2 million, respectively.The Value of Business AcquiredVOBA is amortized in relation to the projected future premium of the acquired long term care blocks of business and recorded amortization increases netincome for the respective period. Total amortization recorded for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $0.1 million. The Company expects VOBAamortization for the years ending December 31, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and thereafter to be approximately $5.0 million, $4.1 million, $3.8 million,$3.7 million, $3.4 million and $30.8 million, respectively.11. Accounts Payable and Other Current LiabilitiesAccounts payable and other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):F-43Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED December 31, 2015 2014Accounts payable$84,434 $80,183Accrued interconnection costs64,295 9,717Accrued payroll and employee benefits17,394 20,023Accrued interest2,895 3,125Accrued income taxes1,274 512Accrued expenses and other current liabilities55,097 34,042 $225,389 $147,602 12. Long-term ObligationsLong-term obligations consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2015 2014Senior Secured Notes collaterized by the Company’s assets, with interest payable semi-yearly based on a fixedannual interest rate of 11% with principal due in 2019$307,000 $250,000Note payable collaterized by GMSL’s assets, with interest payable monthly at LIBOR plus 3.65% and principalpayable quarterly, maturing in 20195,260 16,732Note payable collaterized by Schuff’s real estate, with interest payable monthly at LIBOR plus 4% and principalpayable monthly with one final balloon payment of $1.9 million, maturing in 20194,011 4,635Note payable collaterized by Schuff’s equipment, with interest payable monthly at LIBOR plus 4% and principalpayable monthly with one final balloon payment of $1.2 million, maturing in 20198,129 8,333Note payable collaterized by Schuff’s assets, with interest payable monthly at LIBOR plus 4% and principalpayable monthly with one final balloon payment of $0.3 million, maturing in 20182,238 —Line of credit collaterized by Schuff's HOPSA engineering equipment, with interest payable monthly at 5.25%plus 1% of special interest compensation fund1,600 —Note payable collaterized by ANG’s assets, with interest payable monthly at 5.5% and principal payable monthly,maturing in 2018660 810Obligations under capital leases52,697 65,176Other19 30Credit and security agreement for Schuff to advance up to a maximum amount of $50.0 million— —Subtotal381,614 345,716Original issue discount and debt issuance costs on Senior Secured Notes(9,738) (10,185)Total long-term obligations$371,876 $335,531Aggregate debt maturities are as follows (in thousands):F-44Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED2016$13,27320178,312201811,5292019319,94520208,875Thereafter19,680 $381,614Aggregate maturities for the capital leases are as follows (in thousands):2016$6,72520176,716201810,249201910,247202010,247Thereafter20,823Total minimum principal & interest payments65,007Less: Amount representing interest(12,310)Total capital lease obligations$52,697The interest rates on the capital leases range from approximately 4% to 10.4%.11% Senior Secured Notes due 2019On November 20, 2014, the Company issued $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 11% Senior Secured Notes due 2019 (“the ExistingNotes"). The Existing Notes were issued at 99.05% which resulted in a discount of $2.4 million. The net proceeds from the issuance of the Existing Noteswere used to pay off a senior secured credit facility which provided for a twelve month, floating interest rate term loan of $214 million and a delayed drawterm loan of $36 million (the "September Credit Facility") that was entered into in connection with the GMSL acquisition. On March 26, 2015, the Companyissued an additional $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 11% Senior Secured Notes due 2019 (the “New Notes” and together with the ExistingNotes, the “11% Notes). The New Notes were issued at 100.5% of par, plus accrued interest from November 20, 2014, which resulted in a premium of $0.3million. On August 5, 2015, the Company issued an additional $5.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 11% Senior Secured Notes due 2019 (the“Additional 11% Notes”). The purchasers paid for the Additional 11% Notes by granting a claims release (see Note 18 - "Equity" for additional information).On December 24, 2015, the Company issued an additional $2.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 11% Senior Secured Notes due 2019 (the“Continental Insurance Acquisition 11% Notes” and together with the Additional Notes, New Notes and the Existing Notes, the “11% Notes”). TheContinental Insurance Acquisition 11% Notes were issued as part of the purchase price of the Continental Insurance Acquisition (see Note 3 - "BusinessCombinations" for additional information). The 11% Notes were issued under an indenture dated November 20, 2014, by and among HC2, the guarantorsparty thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association (“U.S. Bank”), as trustee (the “11% Notes Indenture”).Maturity and Interest. The 11% Notes mature on December 1, 2019. The 11% Notes accrue interest at a rate of 11% per year. Interest on the 11% Notesis paid semi-annually on December 1st and June 1st of each year.Ranking. The 11% Notes and the guarantees thereof will be HC2’s and certain of its direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries’ (the “SubsidiaryGuarantors”) general senior secured obligations. The 11% Notes and the guarantees thereof will rank: (i) senior in right of payment to all of HC2’s and theSubsidiary Guarantors’ future subordinated debt; (ii) equal in right of payment with all of HC2’s and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ existing and future seniordebt and effectively senior to all of its unsecured debt to the extent of the value of the collateral; and (iii) effectively subordinated to all liabilities of its non-guarantor subsidiaries.Collateral. The 11% Notes and the guarantees thereof will be collaterized on a first-priority basis by substantially all of HC2’s assets and the assets ofthe Subsidiary Guarantors (except for certain “Excluded Assets,” and subject to certain “Permitted Liens,” each as defined in the 11% Notes Indenture). The11% Notes Indenture permits the Company, under specified circumstances,F-45Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDto incur additional debt in the future that could equally and ratably share in the collateral. The amount of such debt is limited by the covenants contained inthe 11% Notes Indenture.Certain Covenants. The 11% Notes Indenture contains covenants limiting, among other things, the ability of HC2, and, in certain cases, HC2’ssubsidiaries, to incur additional indebtedness; create liens; engage in sale-leaseback transactions; pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capitalstock; make certain restricted payments; sell assets; engage in transactions with affiliates; or consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of its assets to,another person. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. HC2 is also required to maintain compliance withcertain financial tests, including minimum liquidity and collateral coverage ratios. As of December 31, 2015, HC2 was in compliance with these covenants.Redemption Premiums. The Company may redeem the 11% Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 11% Notes plus amake-whole premium before December 1, 2016. The make-whole premium is the greater of (i) 1% of principal amount or (ii) the excess of the present value ofredemption price at December 1, 2016 plus all required interest payments through December 1, 2016 over the principal amount. After December 1, 2016, theCompany may redeem the 11% Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest. The Company is required to makean offer to purchase the 11% Notes upon a change of control. The purchase price will equal 101% of the principal amount of the 11% Notes on the date ofpurchase plus accrued interest.Terminated HC2 Credit FacilitiesIn 2014, HC2 entered into (i) a senior secured credit facility providing for an eighteen month, floating interest rate term loan of $80 million (the "MayCredit Facility") to finance a portion of the acquisition of Schuff, (ii) a senior unsecured credit facility consisting of a term loan of $17 million (the "NovatelAcquisition Term Loan") for the purpose of acquiring an ownership interest in Novatel and (iii) the September Credit Facility to finance a portion of theacquisition of GMSL. The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the September Credit Facility to repay the May Credit Facility and the NovatelAcquisition Term Loan. The Company used the net proceeds from the issuance of the Existing Notes to repay the September Credit Facility.Prior to the payoff of the May Credit Facility, the Company made partial principal payments according to covenants within the agreement that requiredthat portions of escrows received and proceeds from the exercise of warrants be used to pay down the May Credit Facility. In connection with those partialprepayments, the Company wrote off $0.1 million of deferred financing costs and $0.2 million of original issue discount in the second quarter to amortizationof debt discount. In connection with those partial prepayments, the Company wrote off $0.1 million of deferred financing costs and $1.9 million of originalissue discount in the third quarter of 2014 to loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt. In connection with the payoff of the remaining balance ofthe May Credit Facility, the Company incurred $0.9 million of prepayment premiums and wrote off $0.3 million of deferred financing costs and $2.5 millionof original issue discount in the third quarter of 2014 to loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt. In connection with the payoff of the NovatelAcquisition Term Loan, the Company wrote off $0.4 million of deferred financing costs and $0.8 million of original issue discount in the third quarter of2014 to loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt. In connection with the payoff of the September Credit Facility, the Company wrote off $0.5million of deferred financing costs and $4.5 million of original issue discount, which is net of a credit for previous paid funding fees of $2.3 million duringthe fourth quarter of 2014 to loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt.Schuff Credit FacilitiesSchuff has a Credit and Security Agreement (“Schuff Facility”) with Wells Fargo Credit, Inc. (“Wells Fargo”), pursuant to which Wells Fargo agreed toadvance up to a maximum amount of $50.0 million to Schuff. On January 23, 2015, Schuff amended its Schuff Facility, pursuant to which Wells Fargoincreased the maximum letter of credit amount from $5.0 million to $14.5 million.On October 21, 2014, Schuff amended the Schuff Facility, pursuant to which Wells Fargo allowed for the issuance of a note payable up to $10.0million, collateralized by its machinery and equipment (“Real Estate (2) Term Advance (M&E)”) and the issuance of a note payable up to $5.0 million,collateralized by its real estate (“Real Estate (2) Term Advance (Working Capital)”). During the year ended December 31, 2015, Schuff borrowed anadditional $1.8 million under the Real Estate (2) Term Advance (M&E) and $2.7 million under the Real Estate (2) Term Advance (Working Capital). TheReal Estate (2) Term Advance (M&E) has a 5 year amortization period requiring monthly principal payments and a final balloon payment at maturity. TheReal Estate (2) Term Advance (Working Capital) has an approximate 4 year amortization period requiring monthly principal payments and a final balloonpayment at maturity. The Term Advances have a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 4.0% and require monthly interest payments. At December 31, 2015 and2014, there was $8.1 million and $8.3 million, respectively, outstanding under theF-46Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDReal Estate (2) Term Advance (M&E) and $2.2 million and zero, respectively, outstanding under the Real Estate (2) Term Advance (Working Capital).On May 6, 2014, Schuff amended the Schuff Facility, pursuant to which Wells Fargo extended the maturity date of the Schuff Facility to April 30,2019, lowered the interest rate charged in connection with borrowings under the line of credit and allowed for the issuance of a note payable totaling $5.0million, collateralized by its real estate (“Real Estate Term Advance”). At December 31, 2015 and 2014, there was $4.0 million and $4.6 million,respectively, outstanding under the Real Estate Term Advance. The Real Estate Term Advance has a 5 year amortization period requiring monthly principalpayments and a final balloon payment at maturity. The Real Estate Term Advance has a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 4.0% and requires monthlyinterest payments.The Schuff Facility has a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.00% (3.61% at December 31, 2015) and requires monthly interest payments. As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, Schuff had no amounts outstanding under the Schuff Facility. The Schuff Facility is secured by a first priority, perfectedsecurity interest in all of Schuff’s assets, excluding the real estate, and its present and future subsidiaries and a second priority, perfected security interest inall of Schuff’s real estate. The security agreements pursuant to which Schuff’s assets are pledged prohibit any further pledge of such assets without the writtenconsent of the bank. The Schuff Facility contains various restrictive covenants. At December 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with thesecovenants.Schuff Hopsa Engineering, Inc., ("SHE"), a joint venture which Schuff consolidates, has a Line of Credit Agreement (“International LOC”) with BancoGeneral, S.A. (“Banco General”) in Panama pursuant to which Banco General agreed to advance up to a maximum amount of $3.5 million. The line of creditis secured by a first priority, perfected security interest in the SHE’s property and plant. The interest rate is 5.25% plus 1% of the special interestcompensation fund (“FECI”). The line of credit contains covenants that, among other things, limit the SHE’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, changeits business, merge, consolidate or dissolve and sell, lease, exchange or otherwise dispose of its assets, without prior written notice.There was $3.9 million of outstanding letters of credit issued and $46.1 million available under the Schuff Facility at December 31, 2015. AtDecember 31, 2015, Schuff had $1.6 million in borrowings and no outstanding letters of credit issued under its International LOC. There was $1.9 millionavailable under Schuff’s International LOC at December 31, 2015.GMSL Credit FacilityGMSL established a $20.0 million term loan with DVB Bank in January 2014 (the “GMSL Facility”). This GMSL facility has a 4.5 year term and bearsinterest at the rate of 3.65% plus the USD LIBOR rate. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, $5.3 million and $16.7 million, respectively, was outstandingunder the GMSL Facility. The GMSL Facility contains various restrictive covenants. At December 31, 2015, GMSL was in compliance with these covenants.ANG Term LoanANG established a term loan with Signature Financial in October 2013. This term loan has a 5 year term and bears interest at the rate of 5.5%. As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, $0.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively, was outstanding under this term loan.GMSL Capital LeasesGMSL is a party to two leases to finance the use of two vessels: the Innovator (such applicable lease, the “Innovator Lease”) and the Cable Retriever(such applicable lease, the “Cable Lease,” and together with the Innovator Lease, the “GMSL Leases”). The Innovator Lease expires in 2018, subject to theCompany’s ability to extend the Innovator Lease for four one-year periods through 2022. The principal amount thereunder bears interest at the rate ofapproximately 10.4%. The Cable Lease expires in 2023. The principal amount thereunder bears interest at the rate of approximately 4.0%.As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, $52.7 million and $65.2 million, respectively, in aggregate principal amount was outstanding under the GMSLLeases.13. Life, Accident and Health ReservesF-47Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDLife, accident and health reserves consist of the following (in thousands): 2015Long-term care insurance reserves $1,354,545Traditional life insurance reserves 105,843Other accident and health insurance reserves 132,942Total life, accident and health reserves $1,593,33014. Income TaxesThe provisions (benefits) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Current: Federal$361 $5,527 $(256)State1,215 1,600 147Foreign644 227 (7,333)Subtotal Current2,220 7,354 (7,442)Deferred: Federal(12,604) (28,092) —State(99) (2,131) —Foreign(399) — —Subtotal Deferred(13,102) (30,223) —Income tax (benefit) expense$(10,882) $(22,869) $(7,442)The US and foreign components of income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013are as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013US$(66,038) $(41,351) $(24,833)Foreign19,415 6,796 (221)Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes$(46,623) $(34,555) $(25,054)The provision for (benefit from) income taxes differed from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate to income (loss)before income taxes due to the following items for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands). Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Tax provision (benefit) at federal statutory rate$(16,318) $(13,027) $(8,769)Permanent differences(272) 335 (536)State tax (net of federal benefit)1,068 1,170 95Foreign rate differential287 (838) (235)Foreign withholding taxes (net of federal)1,229 231 (3,759)Executive compensation1,044 2,701 —Uncertain tax positions— — (3,575)Adjustment to net operating losses(1,104) — —Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance2,949 (17,520) 6,642Contingent Value Rights— — (5,216)Reversing deferred taxes— — (365)Debt exchange costs— — 7,393F-48Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDTransaction costs473 2,106 (1,338)Tax credits generated/utilized(185) — —UK Stewardship costs— — 1,455199 Manufacturing Deduction— (594) —Bargain Purchase Gain— (496) —Officer Life Insurance Proceeds— (392) —Foreign E&P— 3,395 —Other(53) 60 766Income tax (benefit) expense$(10,882) $(22,869) $(7,442)For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company’s effective tax rate was favorably impacted by the release of valuation allowances totaling $17.5million attributed to management’s conclusion that more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets of our U.S. consolidated group would be realized. Asdiscussed below, this conclusion is based on the consistent earnings history of Schuff and Global Marine and the impact of those earnings on the group’sfuture US taxable income.Deferred income taxes reflect the net income tax effect of temporary differences between the basis of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposesand for income tax purposes. Net deferred tax balances are comprised of the following as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands). December 31, 2015 2014Deferred tax assets$230,838 $114,023Valuation allowance(68,104) (68,983)Deferred tax liabilities(114,504) (29,320)Net deferred taxes$48,230 $15,720 December 31, 2015 2014Allowance for bad debt$234 $351Basis difference in intangibles(8,402) (7,527)Equity investments6,158 328Net operating loss carryforwards34,484 27,416Basis difference in fixed assets854 4,646Deferred compensation6,765 4,101Foreign tax credit1,190 —Capital loss carryforwards1,241 —Insurance company investments(99,645) —Foreign earnings(6,458) —UK Trading loss carryforward54,642 52,895Unrealized gain/loss in OCI1,177 (911)Insurance claims and reserves99,945 —Value of insurance business acquired ("VOBA")17,837 —Start-up cost1,924 1,285Other4,388 2,119Valuation allowance(68,104) (68,983)Total deferred taxes$48,230 $15,720Deferred tax assets refer to assets that are attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilitiesand their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets in essence represent future savings of taxes that would otherwise be paid in cash. The realization of thedeferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient futureF-49Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDtaxable income, including capital gains. If it is determined that the deferred tax assets cannot be realized, a valuation allowance must be established, with acorresponding charge to net income.In accordance with ASC Topic 740, the Company establishes valuation allowances for deferred tax assets that, in its judgment are not more-likely-than-not realizable. These judgments are based on projections of future income and other positive and negative evidence by individual tax jurisdiction. Changesin industry and economic conditions and the competitive environment may impact these projections. In accordance with ASC Topic 740, during eachreporting period the Company assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be realized and determines if adjustments to its valuation allowances areappropriate. As a result of this assessment for the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company had a net release of valuation allowance to earnings of $17.5million.Management evaluated the continued need for a valuation allowance against deferred taxes of the Company for each of the reporting periods. Includedin the assessment was HC2’s historical operating results over the prior three-year period. Also considered was the positive and negative evidence, includingthe built in gains in investments which, if realized would reduce the deferred tax asset, the repatriation of foreign earnings, and core earnings of the newlyacquired Schuff International Inc. and Global Marine Systems, Limited groups.Based on the weight of positive and negative evidence, Management concluded that it is more likely than not that HC2's US deferred tax assets will berealized. Valuation allowances have been maintained, however, against deferred taxes related to U.S. capital loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards anddeferred tax assets of the European entities, including GMSL’s UK non-tonnage tax trading losses.On December 24, 2015, the Company completed its acquisition of the long-term care and life insurance businesses, United Teacher Associates InsuranceCompany ("UTA") and Continental General Insurance Company ("CGI"), pursuant to an agreement ("Stock Purchase Agreement") with subsidiariesof American Financial Group, Inc. ("AFG”). The Company made a joint election with AFG under Section 338(h)(10) to treat the stock purchase as an assetpurchase for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. The Company's resulting step-down in the tax basis of the invested assets of UTA and CGI (primarily fixedincome securities) is reflected in the above deferred tax liability of $99.6 million for differences between the fair value and tax basis of the insurancecompany investments. The Company estimates that none of the goodwill that was recorded will be deductible for income tax purposes.As of December 31, 2015, the Company had foreign operating loss carryforwards of approximately $303.2 million, none of which are subject toexpiration based on the passage of time. Of the foreign NOLs $224.5 million were generated by Global Marine’s historical non-tonnage tax operations.At December 31, 2015, the Company has United States operating loss carryforwards available to reduce future taxable income in the amount of $87.1million, of which $83.1 million is subject to an annual limitation under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. Of the carryforward NOL, $0.7 millionresulted from stock compensation plan deductions in excess of accrued compensation cost for financial reporting purposes. Per the requirements of paragraphASC 740-20-45-11(d), when the excess deduction is realized by reducing taxes payable, the tax effected amount of the excess is to be recognized inshareholders’ equity.Pursuant to the rules under Section 382, the Company believes that it underwent an ownership change on May 29, 2014. This conclusion is based on ananalysis of Schedule 13D and Schedule 13G filings over the prior three years made with the SEC and the impact resulting from the May 29 preferred stockissuance. Due to the Section 382 limit resulting from the ownership change, approximately $146.2 million of the Company’s net operating losses will expireunused. The $146.2 million in expiring NOLs have been derecognized in the consolidated financial statements. The remaining pre-change NOL’s of $46.1million recorded in the consolidated financial statements are subject to an annual limitation under IRC Sec. 382 of approximately $2.3 million.On November 4, 2015, HC2 issued 8,452,500 shares of its stock in a primary offering which the Company believes resulted in a Section 382 ownershipchange resulting in an additional annual limitation to cumulative carryforward. The amount of the annual limitation is based on a number of factors,including the value of HC2’s stock and the amount of unrealized gains on the date of the ownership change. At the time of the November ownership changethe Company had estimated NOLs of $83.1 million subject to the limitation. The Company does not believe that any NOLs will expire as a result of the 2015ownership change.The Company follows the provision of ASC No. 740-10, “Income Taxes” which prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize,measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that the CompanyF-50Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDhas taken or expects to take on a tax return. The Company is subject to challenge from various taxing authorities relative to certain tax planning strategies,including certain intercompany transactions as well as regulatory taxes.Reconciliations of the period January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013, January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015balances of unrecognized tax benefits are as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Balance at January 1,$— $35,196 $66,161Foreign currency adjustments— — —Statute expiration— — (3,295)Gross increases (decreases) of tax positions in prior period— (35,196) (28,178)Audit resolution— — —Gross increases of tax positions in current period— — 508Balance at December 31,$— $— $35,196The decrease in 2014 to unrecognized tax benefits is due to the permanent impairment and de-recognition of NOLs under the May 2014, Section 382limitation that were created by the uncertain positions. The Company did not have any unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2015, related touncertain tax positions.The Company conducts business globally, and as a result, HC2 or one or more of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the United States federaljurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business the Company is subject to examination by taxing authoritiesthroughout the world. Tax years 2002-2015 remain open for examination.The Company is currently under examination in various domestic and foreign tax jurisdictions. The open tax years contain matters that could be subjectto differing interpretations of applicable tax laws and regulations as they relate to the amount, character, timing or inclusion of revenue and expenses or theapplicability of income tax credits for the relevant tax period. Given the nature of tax audits there is a risk that disputes may arise.15. Commitments and ContingenciesFuture minimum lease payments under purchase obligations and non-cancellable operating leases as of December 31, 2015 are as follows (in thousands):Year Ending December 31,Purchase Obligations OperatingLeases2016$64,750 $5,7972017— 4,8582018— 3,4762019— 3,0482020— 2,299Thereafter— 9,011Total long-term obligations$64,750 $28,489The Company has contractual obligations to utilize an external vendor for certain customer support functions and to utilize network facilities fromcertain carriers with terms greater than one year.The Company’s rent expense under operating leases was $5.0 million, $5.7 million and $2.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and2013, respectively. The rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2015 includes costs associated with the terminations of facilities leases.F-51Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDLitigationThe Company is subject to claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are inherently uncertain, and there canbe no guarantee that the outcome of any such matter will be decided favorably to the Company or that the resolution of any such matter will not have amaterial adverse effect upon the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company does not believe that any of such pending claims and legalproceedings will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial statements. The Company records a liability in its consolidated financialstatements for these matters when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews these estimateseach accounting period as additional information is known and adjusts the loss provision when appropriate. If a matter is both probable to result in a liabilityand the amounts of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company estimates and discloses the possible loss or range of loss to the extent necessary for theconsolidated financial statements not to be misleading. If the loss is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in itsconsolidated financial statements.On November 6, 2014, a putative stockholder class action complaint challenging the tender offer by which HC2 acquired approximately 721,000 of theissued and outstanding common shares of Schuff was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, captioned Mark Jacobs v. Philip A. Falcone,Keith M. Hladek, Paul Voigt, Michael R. Hill, Rustin Roach, D. Ronald Yagoda, Phillip O. Elbert, HC2 Holdings, Inc., and Schuff International, Inc., CivilAction No. 10323 (the “Complaint”). On November 17, 2014, a second lawsuit was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, captioned ArlenDiercks v. Schuff International, Inc. Philip A. Falcone, Keith M. Hladek, Paul Voigt, Michael R. Hill, Rustin Roach, D. Ronald Yagoda, Phillip O. Elbert,HC2 Holdings, Inc., Civil Action No. 10359. On February 19, 2015, the court consolidated the actions (now designated as Schuff International, Inc.Stockholders Litigation) and appointed lead plaintiff and counsel. The currently operative complaint is the November 6, 2014 Complaint filed by MarkJacobs. The Complaint alleges, among other things, that in connection with the tender offer, the individual members of the Schuff board of directors andHC2, the controlling stockholder of Schuff, breached their fiduciary duties to members of the plaintiff class. The Complaint also purports to challenge apotential short-form merger based upon plaintiff’s expectation that the Company would cash out the remaining public stockholders of Schuff Internationalfollowing the completion of the tender offer. The Complaint seeks rescission of the tender offer and/or compensatory damages, as well as attorney’s fees andother relief. The defendants filed answers to the Complaint on July 30, 2015. Defendants are currently in the discovery phase of the case, and havesubstantially completed their production of documents to plaintiffs. Under the court’s scheduling order, fact discovery closes on July 8, 2016. We believethat the allegations and claims set forth in the Complaint are without merit and intend to defend them vigorously. On July 16, 2013, Plaintiffs Xplornet Communications Inc. and Xplornet Broadband, Inc. (“Xplornet”) initiated an action against Inukshuk Wireless Inc.(“Inukshuk”), Globility Communications Corporation (“Globility”), MIPPS Inc., Primus Telecommunications Canada Inc. ("PTCI") and PrimusTelecommunications Group, Incorporated (n/k/a HC2) ("PTGi"). Xplornet alleges that it entered into an agreement to acquire certain licenses for radiospectrum in Canada from Globility. Xplornet alleges that Globility agreed to sell Xplornet certain spectrum licenses in a Letter of Intent dated July 12, 2011but then breached the Letter of Intent by selling the licenses to Inukshuk. Xplornet then alleges that they reached an agreement with Inukshuk to purchasethe licenses on June 26, 2012, but that Inukshuk breached that agreement by not completing the sale. Xplornet alleges that, as a result of the foregoing, theyhave been damaged in the amount of $50 million. On January 29, 2014, Globility, MIPPS Inc., and PTCI, demanded indemnification pursuant to the EquityPurchase Agreement among PTUS, Inc., PTCAN, Inc., PTGi, Primus Telecommunications Holding, Inc., Lingo Holdings, Inc., and PrimusTelecommunications International, Inc., dated as of May 10, 2013. On February 14, 2014, the Company assumed the defense of this litigation, whilereserving all of its rights under the Equity Purchase Agreement. On February 5, 2014, Globility, MIPPS Inc., and PTCI filed a Notice of Intent to Defend. OnFebruary 18, 2014, Globility, MIPPS Inc., and PTCI filed a Demand for Particulars. A Notice of Change of Solicitors to Hunt Partners LLP was filed on behalfof those same entities on April 1, 2014. On March 13, 2015, Inukshuk filed a cross claim against Globility, MIPPS, PTCI, and PTGi. Inukshuk asserts that ifInukshuk is found liable to Xplornet, then Inukshuk is entitled to contribution and indemnity, compensatory damages, interest, and costs from the Company. Inukshuk alleges that Globility represented and warranted that it owned the licenses at issue, that Globility held the licenses free and clear, and that no thirdparty had any rights to acquire them. Inukshuk claims breach of contract and misrepresentation if the Court finds that any of these representations are untrue.On October 17, 2014, the Company moved for summary judgment against Xplornet arguing that there was no agreement between Globility and Xplornetto acquire the licenses at issue. On June 5, 2015, Inukshuk also moved for summary judgment against Xplornet, similarly arguing that there was noagreement between Inukshuk and Xplornet to acquire the licenses in question.F-52Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDOn September 17, 2015, Xplornet amended its claim to change its theory from breach of a written letter of intent allegedly accepted on July 12, 2011 tobreach of an oral agreement allegedly entered on July 7, 2011. The Primus defendants (including the Company) amended their Statement of Defence andmotion for summary judgment on October 6, 2015 to include a statute of limitations defense based on this change in theory. The Primus defendants(including the Company) also filed procedural motions relating to the amendment. Xplornet disputes that the amendment changed its theory and opposessummary judgment. The hearing on summary judgment is now re-scheduled from October 7, 2015 to September 26, 2016.On January 19, 2016, PTCI sought and obtained an order under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (the “CCAA”) from the Ontario SuperiorCourt of Justice. PTCI received an Initial Order staying all proceedings against PTCI until February 26, 2016 - which it has moved to extend throughSeptember 2016. On February 25, 2016, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice extended the stay of proceedings until September 19, 2016. PTCI has advisedthe Company that this stays all proceedings against PTCI, Globility, and MIPPS, except against the Company.On July 9, 2015, a putative class action wage and hour lawsuit was filed against Schuff Steel Company ("SSC"), a subsidiary of Schuff, and SchuffInternational (collectively “Schuff”) in the Los Angeles County Superior Court [BC587322], captioned Dylan Leonard, individually and on behalf of othermembers of the general public v. Schuff Steel Company and Schuff International, Inc. The complaint makes generic allegations of numerous violations ofCalifornia wage and hour laws and claims that Schuff failed to pay for overtime; failed to pay for meal and rest breaks; violated the minimum wage; failed totimely pay business expenses, wages and final wages; failed to keep requisite payroll records; and had non-compliant wage statements. On August 11, 2015,another putative class action wage and hour lawsuit was filed against SSC in San Joaquin County Superior Court [39-2015-0032-8373-CU-OE-STK],captioned Pablo Dominguez, on behalf of himself and all other similarly situated v. Schuff Steel Company. The Complaint alleges non-compliant wagestatements and demands penalties pursuant to California Labor Code. On October 11, 2015, an amended complaint was filed in the Dominguez claimpursuing only the statutory claim based on the non-compliant wage statement. By Order dated December 17, 2015, the matters were designated as the SchuffSteel Wage and Hour Cases and assigned a coordination trial judge. No discovery schedule or trial date has been set. The Company believes that theallegations and claims set forth in the Complaints are without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.On December 28, 2015, The Chemours Company Mexico S. de R.L de C.V. (“Chermours”) filed a Demand for Arbitration (the “Demand”) against theCompany’s subsidiary, SSC with the American Arbitration Association, International Centre for Dispute Resolution, Case No. 01-15-0006-0956. Schuff hada purchase order to provide fabricated steel for the Line 2 Expansion of Du Pont’s chemical plant in Altamira, Mexico (the “Project”). The Demand seeksrecovery of an alleged $5 million mistaken payment to SSC and additional damages in excess of $18 million for, among other reasons, alleged delays, failureto expedite, breach of assignment of subcontracting clauses, and backcharges for additional costs and rework of fabricated steel provide for the Project. OnJanuary 25, 2016, SSC filed an Answer and Counterclaim denying liability alleged by Chemours and seeking to recover the principal sum of 311 thousandfor unpaid work on the Project as well as an additional sum for damages due to delays, impacts, and other wrongful conduct by Chemours and its agents. NoArbitration schedule or hearing date has been set. The Company believes that the allegations and claims set forth in the Demand are without merit and intendto defend them vigorously and aggressively pursue Chemours for additional monies owed and damages sustained. Tax MattersCurrently, the Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”) is auditing a subsidiary previously held by the Company. The Company intends to cooperate in auditmatters. To date, CRA has not proposed any specific adjustments and the audit is ongoing.16. Employee Retirement PlansHC2The Company sponsors a 401(k) employee benefit plan (the “401(k) Plan”) that covers substantially all United States based employees. Employees maycontribute amounts to the 401(k) Plan not to exceed statutory limitations. The 401(k) Plan provides an employer matching contribution in cash of 50% of thefirst 6% of employee annual salary contributions capped at $6,000.The matching contribution made during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $0.1 million, $0.1 million and $0.2 million.F-53Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDSchuffCertain of Schuff’s fabrication and erection workforce are subject to collective bargaining agreements. Schuff contributes to union-sponsored, multi-employer pension plans. Contributions are made in accordance with negotiated labor contracts. The passage of the Multi-Employer Pension PlanAmendments Act of 1980 (the “Act”) may, under certain circumstances, cause Schuff to become subject to liabilities in excess of contributions made undercollective bargaining agreements. Generally, liabilities are contingent upon the termination, withdrawal, or partial withdrawal from the plans. Under the Act,liabilities would be based upon Schuff’s proportionate share of each plan’s unfunded vested benefits.Effective March 31, 2012, Schuff withdrew from the Steelworkers Pension Trust and incurred an initial withdrawal liability of approximately $2.6million. During 2014, Schuff negotiated with the Steelworkers Pension Trust and reduced the liability to approximately $2.4 million. Schuff made its finalquarterly payment of approximately $0.2 million in September 2015.Schuff made contributions to the California Ironworkers Field Pension Trust (“Field Pension”) of $6.1 million and $2.5 million during the years endedDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Schuff’s funding policy is to make monthly contributions to the plan. Schuff’s employees represent less than 5%of the participants in the Field Pension. As of December 31, 2015, Schuff has not undertaken to terminate, withdraw, or partially withdraw from the FieldPension.To replace Schuff's funding into the Steelworkers Pension Trust, Schuff agreed to make profit share contributions to the Union 401(k) definedcontribution retirement savings plan (the “Union 401k”) beginning on April 1, 2012. Union steelworkers are eligible for the profit share contributions aftercompleting a probationary period (640 hours of work) and are 100% vested in the profit share contributions three years from the date of hire. Unionsteelworkers are not required to make contributions to the Union 401(k) to receive the profit share contributions. Profit share contributions are made for eachhour worked by each eligible union steelworker at a rate of $0.55 per hour. Profit share contributions amounted to approximately $0.2 million and $0.1million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.Schuff maintains a 401(k) retirement savings plan which covers eligible employees and permits participants to contribute to the plan, subject to InternalRevenue Code restrictions and which features matching contributions. The matching contributions for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was$1.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively.GMSLGMSL has established a number of pension schemes and contribute to other pension schemes around the world covering many of its employees. Theprincipal funds are those in the UK comprising The Global Marine Systems Pension Plan, The Global Marine Personal Pension Plan (established in 2008),and Global Marine Systems (Guernsey) Pension Plan. A small number of employees are members of the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund, a centralizeddefined benefit scheme to which the GMSL contributes.The Global Marine Systems Pension Plan, the Global Marine Systems (Guernsey) Pension Plan and the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund are definedbenefit plans with assets held in separate trustee administered funds. However as the Global Marine Systems (Guernsey) Pension Plan, which operates both aCareer Average Re-valued Earnings (“CARE”) defined benefit section and a defined contribution section is small with few members, the scheme is accountedfor as defined contribution type plan. The Global Marine Personal Pension Plan is predominantly of the money purchase type.The Global Marine Systems Pension Plan was a hybrid, exempt approved, occupational pension scheme for the majority of staff, which provides pensionand death in service benefits. The defined benefit section of the Plan provided final salary benefits up to December 31, 2003 and CARE benefits fromJanuary 1, 2004. In 2008 the defined contribution section was closed to new contributions and all the accumulated funds attributable to the definedcontribution members were transferred to a Contracted in Money Purchase Scheme (“CIMP”) set up by GMSL. These funds were held on behalf of the definedcontribution members and were all transferred to the Global Marine Personal Pension plan of each member on or before June 30, 2009. From August 31, 2006the defined benefit section of the Scheme closed to future accrual and active members were offered membership of the existing defined contribution section(with some enhanced benefits).F-54Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDGlobal Marine Systems Pension Plan—Defined Benefit SectionThe defined benefit section of the Global Marine Systems Plan (prior to its closure on August 31, 2006) was contributory, with employees contributingbetween 5% and 8% (depending on their age) and the employer contributing at a rate of 9.2% of pensionable salary plus deficit contributions of $1.4 millionper year.The defined benefit section of the Global Marine Systems Pension Plan is funded by the payment of contributions determined with the advice ofqualified independent actuaries on the basis of triennial valuations using the projected unit method. The most recent full actuarial valuation was conductedas of December 31, 2013 for the purpose of determining the funding requirements of the plan. An actuarial valuation was conducted as of December 31, 2015for the purpose of meeting US GAAP requirements. The main assumptions used were that Retail Price Inflation would be 3.7% per year, Consumer PriceInflation would be 2.7% per year, the rate of return on investments (pre-retirement) would be would be 5.5% per year, the rate of return on investments (post-retirement) would be 4.5% per year, with pensions increasing by 3% per year. At the actuarial valuation date the market value of the defined benefit section’sassets amounted to $146.7 million. On a statutory funding objective basis the value of these assets covered the value of technical provisions by 74%.Following the 2013 actuarial valuation contributions are payable by GMSL as follows:•$0.5 million payable every month during calendar years 2015 to 2018;•$0.6 million payable every month during calendar years 2019 to May 2021;•$0.1 million payable in June 2021;•GMSL will pay 10% of profits after tax before dividends. This will be paid up to two years following the year end to enable budgeting and cashflow control; and•GMSL will pay a cash sum equal to 50% of any future dividend payments.Global Marine Personal Pension PlanThis is a defined contribution pension scheme and is contributory from the employee; the rate of contributions is split as follows: •ex-CARE employees contributing between 2.5% and 7.5% and the employer contributing at a matching rate plus an additional 5% fixedcontributions; and•defined contribution employees contributing between 2% and 7.5% and the employer contributing at a matching rate.For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, GMSL made matching contributions of $1.7 million and $0.4 million, respectively.Merchant Navy Officers Pension FundThe Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund is funded by the payment of contributions determined with the advice of qualified independent actuaries onthe basis of triennial valuations using the projected unit method. The most recent available full actuarial valuation was conducted as at March 31, 2012 forthe purpose of determining the funding requirements of the plan. An actuarial valuation was conducted as of December 31, 2015 for the purpose of meetingUS GAAP requirements. The main assumptions used were that Retail Price Inflation would be 3.2% per year, Consumer Price Inflation would be 2.2% peryear, the rate of return on investments (pre-retirement) would be 5.7% per year, the rate of return on investments (post-retirement) would be 4.0% per year andthe rate of salary increases 4.2% per year with pensions increasing by 3.0% per year.At the actuarial valuation date the market value of the total assets in the scheme amounted to $3.5 billion of which 0.05594% ($1.9 million) relates tothe Global Marine Systems Group. On an on-going basis the value of these assets, together with the deficit contributions receivable of $503 million, coveredthe value of pensioner liabilities, preserved pension liabilities for former employees and the value of benefits for active members based on accrued serviceand projected salaries, to the extent of 94%.Following the 2012 actuarial valuation, contributions are payable by the Group as follows: •Increase Employer contributions to 20% of pensionable salaries from October 1, 2013.F-55Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDGlobal Marine Systems (Guernsey) Pension PlanThe defined benefit section of the Guernsey Scheme is contributory, with employees contributing between 5% and 8% (depending on their age), theemployer ceased contributing after July 2004. The defined contribution section is also contributory, with employees contributing between 2% and 7.5%(depending on their age and individual choice) and the employer contributing at a matching rate. The defined benefit section of the Guernsey Scheme isfunded by the payment of contributions determined with the advice of qualified independent actuaries on the basis of triennial valuations using the projectedunit method.The most recent full actuarial valuation was conducted as of December 31, 2013 for the purpose of determining the funding requirements of the plan. Anactuarial valuation was conducted as of December 31, 2015 for the purpose of meeting US GAAP requirements. The principal actuarial assumptions used bythe actuary were investment returns of 5.3% per year pre-retirement, 4.4% per year post-retirement, inflation of 3.7% per year and pension increases of3.3% per year.At the valuation date the market value of the assets amounted to $3.0 million. The results show a past service shortfall of $0.2 million corresponding to afunding ratio of 93%.Following the actuarial valuation as at December 31, 2013, contributions are as follows: •Seven annual contributions of less than $0.1 million from December 31, 2014 to 2020.Collectively hereafter, the defined benefit plans will be referred to as the “Plans”.Obligations and Funded StatusFor all company sponsored defined benefit plans and our portion of the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund, the benefit obligation is the “projectedbenefit obligation,” the actuarial present value, as of our December 31 measurement date, of all benefits attributed by the pension benefit formula toemployee service rendered to that date. The amount of benefit to be paid depends on a number of future events incorporated into the pension benefit formula,including estimates of the average life of employees/survivors and average years of service rendered. It is measured based on assumptions concerning futureinterest rates and future employee compensation levels.The following table presents this reconciliation and shows the change in the projected benefit obligation for the Plans for the period from September 22,2014 through December 31, 2015 (in thousands):Projected benefit obligation at September 22, 2014$206,735Service cost - benefits earning during the period14Interest cost on projected benefit obligation2,017Contributions8Actuarial loss12,480Benefits paid(2,167)Projected benefit obligation at December 31, 2014$219,087Service cost - benefits earning during the period61Interest cost on projected benefit obligation7,330Contributions32Actuarial loss(2,375)Benefits paid(7,499)Foreign currency gain (loss)(19,036)Projected benefit obligation at December 31, 2015$197,600The following table presents the change in the value of the assets of the Plans for the period from September 22, 2014 through December 31, 2015 andthe plans’ funded status at December 31, 2015 (in thousands):F-56Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDFair value of plan assets at September 22, 2014$160,812Actual return on plan assets14,873Benefits paid(2,167)Contributions6,641Foreign currency gain (loss)1,718Fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2014$181,877Actual return on plan assets4,619Benefits paid(7,499)Contributions11,136Foreign currency gain (loss)(17,622)Fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2015$172,511Unfunded status at end of year$25,089Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2015 and 2014 are listed below (in thousands): December 31, 2015 2014Pension Asset$68 $—Pension Liability25,157 37,210Net liability amount recognized$25,089 $37,210The accumulated benefit obligation for the Plans represents the actuarial present value of benefits based on employee service and compensation as of acertain date and does not include an assumption about future compensation levels.As of December 31, 2015 contributions of $0.1 million were due to be payable to the Plans.Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Other Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive IncomePeriodic Benefit CostsThe aggregate net pension cost recognized in the consolidated statements of operations was benefit of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31,2015 and cost of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014Service cost—benefits earning during the period$61 $14Interest cost on projected benefit obligation7,330 1,978Expected return on assets(7,507) (1,923)Actuarial (gain) loss512 (426)Foreign currency gain (loss)(12) —Net pension benefit$384 $(357)Of the amounts presented above, income of $0.1 million has been included in cost of revenue and gain of $0.5 million included in other comprehensiveincome for the year ended December 31, 2015. Of the amounts presented above, cost of $0.1 million has been included in cost of revenue and gain of $0.4million included in other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2014.In determining the net periodic pension cost for the Plans, GMSL used the following weighted average assumptions: the pension increase assumption isthat for benefits increasing with RPI limited to 5% per year, to which the majority of the Plan’sF-57Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDliabilities relate. The Group employs a building block approach in determining the long-term rate of return of pension plan assets. Historical markets arestudied and assets with higher volatility are assumed to generate higher returns consistent with widely accepted capital market principles. The overallexpected rate of return on assets is then derived by aggregating the expected return for each asset class over the actual asset allocation for the Plans as ofDecember 31, 2015. Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014Discount rate3.75% 3.60%Rate of compensation increases (Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund only)4.55% 4.50%Rate of future RPI inflation3.05% 3.00%Rate of future CPI inflation1.95% 2.00%Pension increases in payment2.90% 2.85%Long-term rate of return on assets4.50% 4.43%Other Changes in Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive IncomeThe following tables present the after-tax changes in benefit obligations recognized in comprehensive income and the after-tax prior service credits thatwere amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit costs for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (inthousands): Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014Net loss (gain)$396 $(393)Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income (loss)$396 $(393) Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014Actuarial (gain) loss$512 $(393)Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss$512 $(393)The estimated loss for pension benefits that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost in fiscal year2016 will be $375,000.Estimated Future Benefit PaymentsExpected benefit payments are estimated using the same assumptions used in determining the Plan’s benefit obligation at December 31, 2015. Becausebenefit payments will depend on future employment and compensation levels, average years employed, average life spans, and payment elections, amongother factors, changes in any of these factors could significantly affect these expected amounts. The following table provides expected benefit paymentsunder our pension and postretirement plans:2016$7,23920177,43020187,62520197,82720208,031Thereafter43,451 $81,603Aggregate expected contributions in the coming fiscal year are expected to be $5.9 million.Plan Assets—Description of plan assets and investment objectivesThe assets of the Plans consist primarily of private and public equity, government and corporate bonds, among others. The asset allocations of the Plansare maintained to meet regulatory requirements where applicable. Any contributions to the Plans are made to a pension trust for the benefit of planparticipants.F-58Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDThe principal investment objectives are to ensure the availability of funds to pay pension benefits as they become due under a broad range of futureeconomic scenarios, to maximize long-term investment return with an acceptable level of risk based on our pension and postretirement obligations, and to bebroadly diversified across and within the capital markets to insulate asset values against adverse experience in any one market. Each asset class has broadlydiversified characteristics. Substantial biases toward any particular investing style or type of security are sought to be avoided by managing the aggregationof all accounts with portfolio benchmarks. Asset and benefit obligation forecasting studies are conducted periodically, generally every two to three years, orwhen significant changes have occurred in market conditions, benefits, participant demographics or funded status. Decisions regarding investment policy aremade with an understanding of the effect of asset allocation on funded status, future contributions and projected expenses.The plans’ weighted-average asset targets and actual allocations as a percentage of plan assets, including the notional exposure of future contracts byasset categories at December 31, 2015, are as follows: Target December 31, 2015Liability hedging25.0% 25.0%Equities29.8% 29.0%Hedge funds24.7% 26.0%Corporate bonds13.8% 14.0%Property3.7% 5.0%Other3.0% 1.0% 100.0%Investment ValuationGMSL’s plan investments related to the Global Marine Systems Pension Plan consist of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014: December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014Equities$49,535 $45,198Liability Hedging Assets41,649 39,626Hedge Funds44,363 40,853Corporate Bonds23,193 20,238Property9,137 8,847Other1,697 14,777Total market value of assets169,574 169,539Present value of liabilities(194,730) (206,853)Net pension liability$(25,156) $(37,314)GMSL’s plan investments related to the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund consist of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014: December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014Equities$660 $699Hedge Funds412 435Corporate Bonds675 715LDI Strategy1,190 1,255Total market value of assets2,937 3,104Present value of liabilities(2,869) (3,000)Net pension asset (liability)$68 $104Investments are stated at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transactionbetween market participants at the measurement date. Generally, investments are valued based on information provided by fund managers to our trustee asreviewed by management and its investment advisers.Investments in securities traded on a national securities exchange are valued at the last reported sales price on the last business day of the year. If no salewas reported on that date, they are valued at the last reported bid price. Investments in securities notF-59Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDtraded on a national securities exchange are valued using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows.Over-the-counter (OTC) securities and government obligations are valued at the bid price or the average of the bid and asked price on the last business day ofthe year from published sources where available and, if not available, from other sources considered reliable. Depending on the types and contractual terms ofOTC derivatives, fair value is measured using a series of techniques, such as Black-Scholes option pricing model, simulation models or a combination ofvarious models.Alternative investments, including investments in private equities, private bonds, limited partnerships, hedge funds, real assets and natural resources, donot have readily available market values. These estimated fair values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready marketfor these investments existed, and such differences could be material. Private equity, private bonds, limited partnership interests, hedge funds and otherinvestments not having an established market are valued at net asset values as determined by the investment managers, which management has determinedapproximates fair value. Private equity investments are often valued initially based upon cost; however, valuations are reviewed utilizing available marketdata to determine if the carrying value of these investments should be adjusted. Such market data primarily includes observations of the trading multiples ofpublic companies considered comparable to the private companies being valued. Investments in real assets funds are stated at the aggregate net asset value ofthe units of these funds, which management has determined approximates fair value. Real assets and natural resource investments are valued either atamounts based upon appraisal reports prepared by appraisers or at amounts as determined by an internal appraisal performed by the investment manager,which management has determined approximates fair value.Purchases and sales of securities are recorded as of the trade date. Realized gains and losses on sales of securities are determined on the basis of averagecost. Interest income is recognized on the accrual basis. Dividend income is recognized on the ex-dividend date.The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the pension assets and liabilities at fair value as of December 31, 2015 and 2014for the Global Marine Systems Pension Plan:As of December 31, 2015 (in thousands)Level 1 Level 2 TotalEquities$— $49,535 $49,535Liability Hedging Assets— 41,649 41,649Hedge Funds— 44,363 44,363Corporate Bonds— 23,193 23,193Property— 9,137 9,137Other1,697 — 1,697Total Plan Net Assets$1,697 $167,877 $169,574As of December 31, 2014 (in thousands)Level 1 Level 2 TotalEquities$— $45,198 $45,198Liability Hedging Assets— 39,626 39,626Hedge Funds— 40,853 40,853Corporate Bonds— 20,238 20,238Property— 8,847 8,847Other14,777 — 14,777Total Plan Net Assets$14,777 $154,762 $169,539The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the pension assets and liabilities at fair value as of December 31, 2015 and 2014for the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund:As of December 31, 2015 (in thousands)Level 3 TotalEquities$660 $660Hedge Funds412 412Corporate Bonds675 675LDI Strategy1,190 1,190Total Plan Net Assets$2,937 $2,937F-60Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDAs of December 31, 2014 (in thousands)Level 3 TotalEquities$699 $699Hedge Funds435 435Corporate Bonds715 715LDI Strategy1,255 1,255Total Plan Net Assets$3,104 $3,104The table below set forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Level 3 pension assets for the period from September 22, 2014 throughDecember 31, 2015 for the Merchant Navy Officers Pension Fund:(in thousands) Balance at September 22, 2014$2,908Actual return on plan assets165Contributions59Benefits paid(28)Balance at December 31, 2014$3,104Actual return on plan assets3Contributions84Benefits paid(109)Foreign currency gain (loss)(145)Balance at December 31, 2015$2,93717. Share-based CompensationOn April 11, 2014, HC2’s Board of Directors adopted the HC2 Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Equity Award Plan (the “Omnibus Plan”), which wasapproved by our stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders held on June 12, 2014. The Omnibus Plan provides that no further awards will be grantedpursuant to HC2’s Management Compensation Plan, as amended (the “Prior Plan”). However, awards that had been previously granted pursuant to the PriorPlan will continue to be subject to and governed by the terms of the Prior Plan. As of December 31, 2015, there were 467,371 shares of HC2 common stockunderlying outstanding awards under the Prior Plan.The Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors of HC2 administers HC2’s Omnibus Plan and the Prior Plan and has broadauthority to administer, construe and interpret the plans.The Omnibus Plan provides for the grant of awards of non-qualified stock options, incentive (qualified) stock options, stock appreciation rights,restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, other stock based awards, performance compensation awards (including cash bonus awards) or any combinationof the foregoing. HC2 typically issues new shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options, as opposed to using treasury shares. The OmnibusPlan authorizes the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of HC2 common stock, subject to adjustment as provided in the Omnibus Plan.The Company follows guidance which addresses the accounting for share-based payment transactions whereby an entity receives employee services inexchange for either equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are based on the fair value of the enterprise’s equity instruments or that may besettled by the issuance of such equity instruments. The guidance generally requires that such transactions be accounted for using a fair-value based methodand share-based compensation expense be recorded, based on the grant date fair value, estimated in accordance with the guidance, for all new and unvestedstock awards that are ultimately expected to vest as the requisite service is rendered.There were 2,552,673 and 5,234,849 options granted during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Of the 2,552,673 and5,234,849 options granted during the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, 249,083 and 5,133,028 of such options were granted to PhilipFalcone, pursuant to a standalone option agreement entered in connection with Mr. Falcone’s appointment as Chairman, President and Chief ExecutiveOfficer of HC2, and not pursuant to the Omnibus Plan. The weighted average fair value at date of grant for options granted during the year endedDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013F-61Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDwas $2.23, $1 and $0.26, respectively, per option. The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions shown as a weighted average for the year: Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Expected option life4.8 - 5.5 years 5.5 - 6 years 4 - 5.75 yearsRisk-free interest rate1.49 - 1.73% 1.61 - 2.73% 1.17 - 1.73%Expected volatility36.29 - 53.83% 36.74 - 40.50% 35.55 - 37.23%Dividend yield—% —% —%Total share-based compensation expense recognized by the Company was $11.1 million, $11.0 million and $2.3 million for the years endedDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Most of HC2’s stock awards vest ratably during the vesting period. The Company recognizescompensation expense for equity awards, reduced by estimated forfeitures, using the straight-line basis.Restricted StockA summary of HC2’s restricted stock activity during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 is as follows: Shares WeightedAverageGrant DateFair ValueUnvested—January 1, 201322,500 $13.59Granted502,172 $4.21Vested(185,970) $5.25Forfeitures— $—Unvested—December 31, 2014338,702 $4.26Granted1,539,114 $9.14Vested(1,087,128) $8.35Forfeitures— $—Unvested—December 31, 2015790,688 $8.14As of December 31, 2015, the unvested restricted stock represented $2.1 million of compensation expense that is expected to be recognized over theweighted average remaining vesting period of 0.8 years. The number of shares of unvested restricted stock expected to vest is 790,688.In January 2014, the Board of Directors of HC2 accelerated the vesting of 15,000 RSUs, awarded to certain non-employee directors in conjunction withtheir departure from the Board of Directors.Stock OptionsA summary of HC2’s stock option activity during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 is as follows: F-62Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Shares WeightedAverageExercise PriceOutstanding—January 1, 2013589,859 $3.17Granted5,234,849 $4.22Exercised(230,300) $2.43Forfeitures(2,021,267) $4.11Outstanding—December 31, 20143,573,141 $4.27Granted2,552,673 $6.74Exercised— $—Forfeitures(764,529) $4.05Outstanding—December 31, 20155,361,285 $5.48Eligible for exercise3,087,390 $5.11The following table summarizes the intrinsic values and remaining contractual terms of HC2’s stock options (in thousands): IntrinsicValue WeightedAverageRemainingLife in YearsOptions outstanding—December 31, 2015$3,586 8.7Options exercisable—December 31, 2015$2,465 8.6As of December 31, 2015, the Company had 2,273,895 unvested stock options outstanding of which $3.3 million of compensation expense is expectedto be recognized over the weighted average remaining vesting period of 1.4 years. The number of unvested stock options expected to vest is 2,273,895shares, with a weighted average remaining life of 8.7, a weighted average exercise price of $5.48, and an intrinsic value of $1.1 million.18. EquityAs of December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were 35,249,749 and 23,813,085 shares of common stock outstanding, respectively. As of December 31, 2015and 2014, there were 53,172 and 41,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding, respectively.November 2015 Public Offering of Common Stock by the CompanyOn November 4, 2015, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement relating to the issuance and sale of 7,350,000 shares of the Company’scommon stock in a public offering (the “November 2015 Offering”). In addition, on November 5, 2015 the underwriter in the November 2015 Offeringexercised its option to purchase an additional 1,102,500 shares of common stock from the Company. The total number of shares sold by the Company in theNovember 2015 Offering was 8,452,500 shares. The November 2015 Offering closed on November 9, 2015. The net proceeds to the Company from theNovember 2015 Offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, were approximately $54.7 million.Class A and B WarrantsIn July 2009, the Company issued (A) Class A warrants (the “Class A Warrants”) to purchase shares of the Company's common stock, which weredivided into three separate series (Class A-1, Class A-2 and Class A-3 Warrants), each of which series consisted of 1,000,000 warrants to purchase an originalaggregate amount of up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock; and (B) Class B warrants (the “Class B Warrants” and, together with the Class AWarrants, the “Warrants”) to purchase an original aggregate amount of up to 1,500,000 shares of the Company's common stock. In connection with theissuance of the Warrants, the Company entered into a Warrant Agreement for each of the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants, in each case withBroadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (successor-in-interest to StockTrans, Inc.), as warrant agent. The Warrants had a 5-year term which expired on July 1,2014. As a result of special cash dividends paid in 2012 and 2013, antidilution adjustment provisionsF-63Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDwere triggered and the original exercise price and the number of shares of the Company's common stock issuable upon exercise were adjusted.There were 878,940 Class A-1 Warrants exercised during the year ended December 31, 2014, resulting in the issuance of 3,855,289 shares of theCompany's common stock. There were 780,753 Class A-2 Warrants exercised during the year ended December 31, 2014, resulting in the issuance of3,424,641 shares of the Company's common stock. There were 5,709 Class A-3 Warrants exercised during the year ended December 31, 2014, resulting in theissuance of 25,041 shares of the Company’s common stock. The warrants expired on July 1, 2014.Preferred and Common StockOn May 29, 2014, the Company issued 30,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and 1,500,000 shares of common stock, the proceeds of which wereused to pay for a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of Schuff. On September 22, 2014, the Company issued 11,000 shares of Series A-1Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of the Company (the "Series A-1 Preferred Stock"). Each share of Series A-1 Preferred Stock is convertible at aconversion price of $4.25. On January 5, 2015, the Company issued 14,000 shares of Series A-2 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of the Company(together with the Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock, the “Preferred Stock”). Each share of Series A-2 Preferred Stock is convertible at aconversion price of $8.25. In connection with the issuance of the Series A-2 Preferred Stock, the Company amended the certificates of designation governingthe Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock on January 5, 2015, which reflected the issuance of the Series A-2 Preferred Stock as a class ofpreferred stock which ranks at parity with the Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock and made certain other changes to conform the terms ofthe Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock to those of the Series A-2 Preferred Stock. The conversion prices for the Preferred Stock are subjectto adjustments for dividends, certain distributions, stock splits, combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations, mergers, recapitalizations and similar events.The Preferred Stock will accrue a cumulative quarterly cash dividend at an annualized rate of 7.5%. The accrued value of the Preferred Stock will accretequarterly at an annualized rate of 4% that will be reduced to 2% or 0% if the Company achieves specified rates of growth measured by increases in its netasset value.The Company recorded a beneficial conversion feature on its Series A-1 Preferred Stock as a result of the fair market value of the Company’s commonstock exceeding the conversion price. The Company recorded a $0.3 million beneficial conversion feature on its Series A-1 Preferred Stock which wascalculated using the intrinsic value ($4.36—$4.25) multiplied by the number of convertible common shares ($11,000,000 / $4.25).Each share of Preferred Stock may be converted by the holder into common stock at any time based on the then-applicable conversion price. On theseventh anniversary of the issue date of the Series A Preferred Stock, holders of the Preferred Stock shall be entitled to cause the Company to redeem thePreferred Stock at the accrued value per share plus accrued but unpaid dividends. Each share of Preferred Stock that is not so redeemed will be automaticallyconverted into shares of common stock at the conversion price then in effect. Upon a change of control, holders of the Preferred Stock shall be entitled tocause the Company to redeem their Preferred Stock at a price per share equal to the greater of (i) the accrued value of the Preferred Stock, which amountwould be multiplied by 150% in the event of a change in control occurring on or prior to the third anniversary of the issue date of the Series A Preferred Stockplus and accrued but unpaid dividends and (ii) the value that would be received if the share of Preferred Stock were converted into common stockimmediately prior to the change of control.Certain certificates of amendment related to the Company’s Preferred Stock (the “Prior Amendment”) did not become effective because they were filedwithout proper authorization of the stockholders of the Company. The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock agreed to release all claims against theCompany relating to the ineffectiveness of the Prior Amendments, including the fact that the conversion price of the Series A Preferred Stock remains at$4.25. The release of claims was granted as payment in full of the purchase price of the $5 million aggregate principal amount of the Additional 11% Notesissued to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock in August 2015. The Company recorded this payment to other income (expense), net.At any time after the third anniversary of the issue date of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Company may redeem the Preferred Stock, in whole but notin part, at a price per share generally equal to 150% of the accrued value per share plus accrued but unpaid dividends. After the third anniversary of the issuedate of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Company may force conversion of the Preferred Stock into common stock if the common stock’s thirty-day volume-weighted average price (“VWAP”) exceeds 150% of the then-applicable conversion price and the common stock’s daily VWAP exceeds 150% of the then-applicable conversion price for at least twenty trading days out of the thirty trading day period used to calculate the thirty-day VWAP.F-64Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDDuring the year ended December 31, 2015, 828 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and 1,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock were converted into197,471 and 235,526 shares of common stock at the option of the holder, respectively.DividendsDuring 2015 and 2014, the Company's Board of Directors declared cash and PIK dividends with respect to the Company's issued and outstandingpreferred stock, as presented in the following table (Total Dividend amount presented in thousands):Declaration DateMarch 31, 2015 June 30, 2015 September 30, 2015 December 31, 2015Holders of Record DateMarch 31, 2015 June 30, 2015 September 30, 2015 December 31, 2015Payment/Accrual DateApril 15, 2015 July 15, 2015 October 15, 2015 January 15, 2016Total Dividend$1,021 $1,020 $1,020 $1,005Declaration DateJune 30, 2014 September 30, 2014 December 31, 2014Holders of Record DateJune 30, 2014 September 30, 2014 December 31, 2014Payment/Accrual DateJuly 15, 2014 October 15, 2014 January 15, 2015Total Dividend$307 $897 $77719. Related PartiesHC2In January 2015, the Company entered into a services agreement (the “Services Agreement”) with Harbinger Capital Partners, a related party of theCompany, with respect to the provision of services that may include providing office space and operational support and each party making available theirrespective employees to provide services as reasonably requested by the other party, subject to any limitations contained in applicable employmentagreements and the terms of the Services Agreement. The Company recognized $1.8 million of expenses under the Service Agreement for the year endedDecember 31, 2015.SchuffDuring the year ended December 31, 2015, Schuff did not have any related party transactions. During the year ended December 31, 2014, Schuff hadthe following related party transactions: •Purchased a home on behalf of an executive for $1.70 million which is recorded as an asset held for sale;•Sold 25% investment in United Steel to a former executive in return for 253,039 restricted shares of Schuff and $5.0 million in cash; and•Purchased 74,625 shares from the Chairman of the Board of Schuff and former executives of Schuff for $2.0 million.GMSLThe parent company of GMSL, Global Marine Holdings, LLC ("GMH") paid management fees to an entity owned by GMH's CEO Dick Fagerstal, adirector of GMSL, in the amount of $0.7 million and $0.1 million during 2015 and 2014, respectively.GMSL also has investments in various entities for which it exercises significant influence. A summary of transactions with such entities during theyears ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 and balances outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014 is as follows (in thousands):F-65Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUEDYears Ended December 31,2015 2014Net revenue$23,457 $6,625Operating expenses2,888 900Interest expense1,590 436Dividends received12,357 3,714 December 31,2015 2014Accounts receivable$5,058 $2,585Long-term debt37,627 42,296Accounts payable9 43620. Operating Segment and Related InformationThe Company currently has two primary reportable geographic segments—United States and United Kingdom; and Other. The Company has 7reportable operating segments based on management’s organization of the enterprise—Manufacturing, Marine Services, Insurance, Telecommunications,Utilities, Life Sciences and Other. The Company also has non-operating Corporate segment. Net revenue and long-lived assets by geographic segment isreported on the basis of where the entity is domiciled. All inter-segment revenues are eliminated. The Company had approximately $120 million of revenuesfrom one customer within its Manufacturing segment which represented approximately 10.7% of consolidated revenues for the year ended December 31,2015.In conjunction with the creation of our Insurance segment, the Company reviewed the components of its present segments prior to year end todetermine if each legal entity was properly assigned to a segment based on how the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") views the business. In doing sothe following changes were made. The parent holding company of GMSL had been classified within Other, and was reclassified to Marine Services. The Non-operating Corporate segment now includes only the HC2 Holdings, Inc. legal entity; while previously it included other legal entities that had not met thedefinition of a separately reportable segment. Those entities are now classified within Other. These changes were retrospectively applied to the years endedDecember 31, 2014 and 2013.Summary information with respect to the Company’s geographic and operating segments is as follows (in thousands):F-66Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Net Revenue by Geographic Region United States$712,498 $442,472 $108,563United Kingdom395,917 97,653 122,123Other12,391 7,313 —Total$1,120,806 $547,438 $230,686Net Revenue by Segment Manufacturing$513,770 $348,318 $—Marine Services134,926 35,328 —Insurance2,865 — —Telecommunications460,355 161,953 230,686Utilities6,765 1,839 —Other2,125 — —Total$1,120,806 $547,438 $230,686Depreciation and Amortization Manufacturing$2,016 $1,053 $—Marine Services17,255 4,424 —Insurance2 — —Telecommunications417 529 12,032Utilities1,635 328 —Life Sciences21 — —Other — —Non-operating Corporate1,934 — —Total$23,280 $6,334 $12,032Income (Loss) from Operations Manufacturing$42,114 $26,358 $—Marine Services (1)12,414 (3,394) —Insurance(176) — —Telecommunications238 (1,840) (20,037)Utilities(888) (491) —Life Sciences(6,404) (4,762) —Other(6,198) (221) (679)Non-operating Corporate(38,871) (29,256) (18,420)Total$2,229 $(13,606) $(39,136)Capital Expenditures Manufacturing$4,969 $5,039 $—Marine Services10,651 (863) —Insurance— — —Telecommunications449 42 1,390Utilities4,750 803 —Life Sciences271 — —Other (2)234 798 11,187Non-operating Corporate— — —Total$21,324 $5,819 $12,577(1) Amounts for 2014 include approximately $8.0 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition of GMSL.(2) Other also includes capital expenditures related to discontinued operations.The above capital expenditures exclude assets acquired under terms of capital lease and vendor financing obligations.F-67Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED December 31, 2015 2014Investments Marine Services$27,323 $28,543Insurance1,299,764 —Life Sciences4,888 1,916Other22,395 25,224Total$1,354,370 $55,683 December 31, 2015 2014Property, Plant and Equipment—Net United States$82,540 $87,091United Kingdom126,921 140,494Other5,005 5,437Total$214,466 $233,022 December 31, 2015 2014Total Assets Manufacturing$268,242 $281,067Marine Services249,003 280,334Insurance1,952,402 —Telecommunications114,633 25,164Utilities31,462 26,765Life Sciences16,494 11,007Other34,841 65,255Non-operating Corporate75,435 22,571Total$2,742,512 $712,16321. Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)The following is a tabulation of the unaudited quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, in reference to theAmendment No. 1 on Form 10-Q/A which amends the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of HC2 Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) for the fiscal quarters endedMarch 31, 2015, June 30, 2015, and September 30, 2015 as originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).F-68Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Quarters Ended (in thousands, except per share amounts) March 31, 2015 June 30, 2015 September 30, 2015 December 31, 2015Services revenue$73,718 $147,841 $151,933 $221,788Sales revenue128,090 133,141 125,534 135,896Other revenue— — — 2,865Net revenue201,808 280,982 277,467 360,549Cost of revenue—services61,920 134,589 138,099 210,047Cost of revenue—sales110,536 110,909 103,375 113,148Other operating expenses29,240 32,452 33,732 40,068Income (loss) from operations112 3,032 2,261 (3,176) Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2Holdings, Inc.—common holders(6,316) (11,979) (8,998) (12,536)Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2Holdings, Inc.—preferred holders— — — —Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(9) (11) (24) 23Net income (loss)—basic$(6,325) $(11,990) $(9,022) $(12,513)Net income (loss)—diluted$(6,325) $(11,990) $(9,022) $(12,513)Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic24,146 25,514 25,592 30,588Weighted average common shares outstanding-diluted24,146 25,514 25,592 30,588Basic income (loss) per common share: Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2Holdings, Inc.—common holders$(0.26) $(0.47) $(0.35) $(0.41)Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2Holdings, Inc.—preferred holders— — — —Gain (loss) from discontinued operations— — — —Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(0.26) $(0.47) $(0.35) $(0.41)Diluted income (loss) per common share: Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2Holdings, Inc.—common holders$(0.26) $(0.47) $(0.35) $(0.41)Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2Holdings, Inc.—preferred holders— — — —Gain (loss) from discontinued operations— — — —Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(0.26) $(0.47) $(0.35) $(0.41)F-69Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Quarters Ended (in thousands, except per share amounts) March 31, 2014 June 30, 2014 September 30, 2014 December 31, 2014Services revenue$43,354 $42,178 $45,177 $66,571Sales revenue— 54,408 138,112 157,638Net revenue43,354 96,586 183,289 224,209Cost of revenue—services41,107 39,530 42,320 54,855Cost of revenue—sales— 43,330 119,175 134,025Total cost of revenue41,107 82,860 161,495 188,880Income (loss) from operations(4,087) (116) (2,580) (6,823) —Income (loss) from continuing operationsattributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.—common holders(4,180) (4,136) (18,957) 7,563Income (loss) from continuing operationsattributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.—preferred holders— — — 3,416Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(767) 27 557 37Net income (loss)—basic$(4,947) $(4,109) $(18,400) $11,016Net income (loss)—diluted$(4,947) $(4,109) $(18,400) $11,016Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic14,631 16,905 23,372 23,813Weighted average common shares outstanding-diluted14,631 16,905 23,372 28,962Basic income (loss) per common share: Income (loss) from continuing operationsattributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.—commonholders$(0.29) $(0.24) $(0.82) $0.32Income (loss) from continuing operationsattributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.—preferredholders— — — 0.34Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(0.05) — 0.03 —Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings,Inc.$(0.34) $(0.24) $(0.79) $0.66Diluted income (loss) per common share: Income (loss) from continuing operationsattributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.—commonholders$(0.29) $(0.24) $(0.82) $0.26Income (loss) from continuing operationsattributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.—preferredholders— — — 0.34Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(0.05) — 0.03 —Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings,Inc.$(0.34) $(0.24) $(0.79) $0.60(1)Income (loss) from operations includes depreciation expense of $12.0 million for the period July 1, 2013—December 31, 2014, when the property andequipment of ICS was included in assets held for sale. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, held for sale assets are not depreciated. When ICS was no longerconsidered to be held for sale, we were required to record all unrecorded depreciation in the fourth quarter of 2014.Quarterly and year-to-date computations of per share amounts are made independently; therefore, the sum of per share amounts for the quarters may notagree with per share amounts for the year.F-70Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED22. BacklogSchuff’s backlog was $380.8 million ($252.7 million under contracts or purchase orders and $128.1 million under letters of intent) at December 31,2015. Schuff’s backlog increases as contract commitments, letters of intent, notices to proceed and purchase orders are obtained, decreases as revenues arerecognized and increases or decreases to reflect modifications in the work to be performed under the contracts, notices to proceed, letters of intent or purchaseorders. Schuff’s backlog can be significantly affected by the receipt, or loss, of individual contracts. Approximately $167.8 million, representing 44.1% ofSchuff’s backlog at December 31, 2015, was attributable to five contracts, letters of intent, notices to proceed or purchase orders. If one or more of these largecontracts or other commitments are terminated or their scope reduced, Schuff’s backlog could decrease substantially.23. Discontinued OperationsDiscontinued Operations—years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013On April 17, 2013, the Company completed the sale of its BLACKIRON Data segment to Rogers Communications Inc., a Canadiantelecommunications company, and its affiliates for CAD $200.0 million (or approximately USD $195.6 million giving effect to the currency exchange rate onthe day of sale). The Company recorded a $135.0 million gain from the sale of this segment during the second quarter of 2013. In addition, the purchaseagreement contains customary indemnification obligations, representations, warranties and covenants for a transaction of this nature. In connection with theclosing of the transaction, CAD $20.0 million (or approximately USD $19.5 million giving effect to the currency exchange rate on the day of sale) wasretained from the purchase price and placed into escrow until July 17, 2014 for purposes of satisfying potential indemnification claims pursuant to thepurchase agreement. The escrow was recorded as part of prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013and was released pursuant to its terms on July 17, 2014.On July 31, 2013, the Company completed the sale of Lingo, Inc., iPrimus, USA, Inc., 3620212 Canada Inc., PTCI, Telesonic Communications Inc., andGlobility Communications Corporation to affiliates of York Capital Management, an investment firm (together “York”), for $129 million. The sale of PTI wasalso contemplated as part of this transaction but was deferred pending receipt of regulatory approval of such sale. The closing of the sale of PTI, whichconstituted the remainder of our North America Telecom segment, was completed on July 31, 2014 upon receipt of the necessary regulatory approval. TheCompany recorded a $13.8 million gain from the sale of this segment during the year ended December 31, 2013. In addition, the purchase agreement containscustomary indemnification obligations, representations, warranties and covenants for a transaction of this nature. The Company received $126.0 million, netof $15.25 million held in escrow as part of the initial closing, with an additional $3.0 million held in escrow to be paid upon closing of the sale of PTI.Pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement, $6.45 million of the purchase price was placed in escrow to be released 14 months after the closingdate, subject to any deductions required to satisfy indemnification obligations of HC2 under the purchase agreement, which amount was released to theCompany in October 2014. In addition, $4.0 million of the purchase price was placed in escrow to cover any payments required in connection with the post-closing working capital and cash adjustments, of which $3.2 million was disbursed to the Company and $0.8 million was disbursed to York upon completionof such adjustments in February 2014. The $0.8 million was recorded as an adjustment to the gain that was recorded in 2013, which resulted in a net gainfrom this transaction of $13.0 million. Furthermore, $4.8 million of the purchase price was placed in escrow to cover certain tax liabilities, which escrowamount will be released after a positive ruling with respect to the underlying matter is received or 30 days after expiration of the applicable statute oflimitations relating to the underlying matter. The $4.8 million escrow deposit is recorded in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets, of which $0.4million is reserved.The Company evaluated the remaining carrying value of North America Telecom, i.e. PTI, in the third quarter of 2013 which resulted in it being higherthan its fair value less costs to sell by $0.3 million and have attributed such adjustment to the long-lived assets of PTI. As the adjustment is related to NorthAmerica Telecom, it has been classified within income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax on the consolidated statements of operations for theyear ended December 31, 2013.Summarized operating results of the discontinued operations are as follows (in thousands):F-71Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Net revenue$— $7,530 $132,515Operating expenses38 7,610 119,392Income (loss) from operations(38) (80) 13,123Interest expense— (17) (11,362)Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt— — (21,124)Interest income and other income (expense)4 (60) (51)Foreign currency transaction loss— — (378)Loss before income tax(34) (157) (19,792)Income tax benefit (expense)13 132 171Loss from discontinued operations$(21) $(25) $(19,621)Gain (loss) from sale of discontinued operations— (121) 148,839Gain (loss) from discontinued operations$(21) $(146) $129,21824. Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Common ShareBasic income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing income (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average commonshares outstanding during the period. Diluted income per common share adjusts basic income per common share for the effects of potentially dilutivecommon share equivalents.The Company had no dilutive common share equivalents during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 due to the results of operationsbeing a loss from continuing operations, net of tax. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had Preferred Stock, as well asoutstanding stock options and unvested RSUs granted under the Prior Plan and Omnibus Plan that were potentially dilutive but were excluded from thecalculation of diluted loss per common share due to their antidilutive effect. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company had outstanding stockoptions and unvested RSUs granted under the Prior Plan as well as certain warrants that were potentially dilutive but were excluded from the calculation ofdiluted loss per common share due to their antidilutive effect.A calculation of basic income (loss) per common share to diluted income (loss) per common share is set forth below (in thousands, except per shareamounts):F-72Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.(39,829) (16,294) (17,612)Gain (loss) from discontinued operations(21) (146) 129,218Net income (loss)—basic$(39,850) $(16,440) $111,606Net income (loss)—diluted$(39,850) $(16,440) $111,606Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic26,482 19,729 14,047Weighted average common shares outstanding-diluted26,482 19,729 14,047Basic income (loss) per common share: Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.82) $(1.25)Gain (loss) from discontinued operations— (0.01) 9.20Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.83) $7.95Diluted income (loss) per common share: Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.82) $(1.25)Gain (loss) from discontinued operations— (0.01) 9.20Net income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc.$(1.50) $(0.83) $7.9525. Subsequent EventsAcquisitionOn February 3, 2016, GMSL announced the acquisition of a majority interest in CWind Limited, a leading offshore renewables specialist. Thepurchase of CWind demonstrates Global Marine’s continued commitment to the offshore renewable sector and adds a diverse range of construction and O&Mservices to its current capabilities. CWind operates an 18-strong fleet that executes a wealth of activities in support of leading wind farm owners andoperators, transporting technicians in safety to complete essential work to assure cost-effective construction, as well as reliable on-going performance of theoffshore wind farm. F-73Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.SCHEDULE ISummary of investments — other than investments in related partiesDecember 31, 2015(in thousands) Amortized Cost Fair Value Amount atwhich shown inthe balance sheetFixed Maturities Bonds United States Government and government agencies and authorities $17,131 $17,083 $17,083States, municipalities and political subdivisions 387,427 386,260 386,260Foreign governments 6,426 6,429 6,429Public utilities 120,771 120,009 120,009Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached 5,305 5,305 5,305All other corporate bonds 697,296 696,214 696,214Redeemable preferred stock 535 541 541Total fixed maturities 1,234,891 1,231,841 1,231,841Equity securities Common stocks Banks, trust and insurance companies 2,262 2,199 2,199Industrial, miscellaneous and all other 17,673 16,426 16,426Nonredeemable preferred stocks 30,901 31,057 31,057Total equity securities 50,836 49,682 49,682Mortgage loans 1,252 1,252 1,252Policy loans 18,476 18,476 18,476Other invested assets 71,254 63,455 53,119Total investments $1,376,709 $1,364,706 $1,354,370F-74Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.SCHEDULE IICondensed Financial Information of the Registrant (Registrant Only)BALANCE SHEETS(in thousands) December 31, 2015 2014Assets Cash and cash equivalents $41,079 $17,542Other current assets 1,270 2,247Total current assets 42,349 19,789Intercompany receivable 10,056 —Investment in subsidiaries 375,412 325,533Other assets 33,086 38,782Total assets $460,903 $384,104 Liabilities Accounts payable $3,103 $862Accrued and other current liabilities 9,505 6,817Total current liabilities 12,608 7,679Intercompany payable — 9,499Long-term debt 297,262 247,655Other long term liabilities 4,384 239Total liabilities 314,254 265,072 Temporary equity Preferred stock 52,619 39,845 Stockholders’ equity Common stock 35 24Additional paid-in capital 209,477 141,948Accumulated deficit (79,729) (44,164)Treasury stock (378) (378)Accumulated other comprehensive income (35,375) (18,243)Total stockholders’ equity 94,030 79,187Total liabilities, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity $460,903 $384,104F-75Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.SCHEDULE IICondensed Financial Information of the Registrant (Registrant Only)STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS(in thousands) Fiscal 2015 2014 2013Revenue $— $— $—Operating expenses: General and administrative 38,410 29,715 8,435Gain on sale of assets — 1,837 15,250Operating expenses 38,41027,878(6,815)Income/(loss) from operations (38,410) (27,878) 6,815Other income (expense): Equity in net (loss) income of subsidiaries 26,879 33,810 89,999Interest expense (33,793) (10,369) —Loss on debt extinguishment — (12,300) —Other income/(expense) (4,736) (174) 14,906Income/(loss) before income taxes (50,060)(16,911)111,720Tax (benefit)/expense (14,495) (2,520) 114Net income/(loss) $(35,565) $(14,391) $111,606F-76Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.SCHEDULE IICondensed Financial Information of the Registrant (Registrant Only)STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS(in thousands) Fiscal 2015 2014 2013Net change in cash due to operating activities $(31,601)$(30,012) $(20,596)Cash flows from investing activities: Contributions to subsidiaries (62,356) (175,119) —Cash paid for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired (78,750) Return of capital from subsidiaries — 31,645 141,397Purchase of noncontrolling interest — (38,403) —Other, net (400) — —Net change in cash due to investing activities (62,756) (260,627) 141,397Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from long-term obligations 50,250 330,000 —Principal payments on long-term obligations — (80,000) —Proceeds from sale of common stock, net 53,975 6,000 —Proceeds from sale of preferred stock, net 14,033 40,050 —Advances (to) from affiliates 5,000 — —Payment of dividends (4,066) — (119,788)Proceeds from the exercise of warrants and stock options — 24,348 Payment of fees on restructuring of debt — (12,333) Other, net (1,297) (47) (1,077)Net change in cash due to financing activities 117,895 308,018 (120,865)Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 23,538 17,379 (64)Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 17,542 163 227Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $41,079 $17,542 $163F-77Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.SCHEDULE IIISupplementary Insurance InformationAs of or for the year ended December 31, 2015(in thousands)Insurance Companies: Deferred policy acquisition cost $—Future policy benefits, losses, claims and loss expenses $1,719,144Unearned premiums $—Net earned premiums $1,578Net investment income $1,025Benefits, claims, losses $1,293Amortization of deferred policy acquisition cost $—Other operating expenses $318Net written premiums (excluding life) $1,399F-78Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.SCHEDULE IVReinsuranceDecember 31, 2015(in thousands) Gross Amount Ceded to othercompanies Assumed fromother companies Net Amount Percentage ofamount assumedto netLife insurance in force $820 $(532) $38 $326 11.6%Premiums: Life insurance $262 $(91) $8 $179 4.4%Accident and health insurance 9,323 (8,080) 156 1,399 11.1%Total premiums $9,585 $(8,171) $164 $1,578 10.4%F-79Table of ContentsHC2 HOLDINGS, INC.SCHEDULE VValuation and Qualifying Accounts(in thousands)Activity in the Company’s allowance accounts for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was as follows: Doubtful Accounts ReceivablePeriodBalance atBeginning of Period Charged toCosts and Expenses Deductions Other Balance atEnd of Period2013$1,771 $1,507 $(2,816) $2,014 (1) $2,4762014$2,476 $403 $(119) $— $2,7602015$2,760 $99 $(2,065) $— $794 Deferred Tax Asset ValuationPeriodBalance atBeginning of Period Charged toCosts and Expenses Deductions Other Balance atEnd of Period2013$149,494 $(31,171) $— $— $118,3232014$118,323 $(49,340) $— $— $68,9832015$68,983 $(879) $— $— $68,104(1)Other contains the addition of the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts receivable from PTGi-ICS of $2.1 million that was reclassified out ofassets held for sale as of December 31, 2013 and the subtraction of the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts of PTI $0.1 million in assets heldfor sale.F-80Exhibit 10.14SIXTH AMENDMENT TO SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AND SECURITY AGREEMENTTHIS SIXTH AMENDMENT (the "Amendment"), dated January 23, 2015, is entered into by and between SCHUFFINTERNATIONAL, INC., a Delaware corporation, and the other Persons listed in Schedule 1.1 of the Credit Agreement, ashereafter defined (collectively, jointly and severally the "Borrower"), and WELLS FARGO CREDIT, INC., a Minnesota corporation("Lender").RECITALSThe Borrower and the Lender are parties to a Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement datedAugust 14, 2013 (as amended from time to time, the "Credit Agreement"). Capitalized terms used in these recitals have themeanings given to them in the Credit Agreement unless otherwise specified.NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual covenants and agreements hereincontained, it is agreed as follows:1.Credit Agreement Amendment. The Credit Agreement is hereby amended as follows:(a)The dollar figure "$5,000,000.00" contained in Section 2.4 of the Credit Agreement is herebydeleted and replaced with the dollar figure "$14,500,000.00".1. No Other Changes. Except as explicitly amended by this Amendment, all of the terms and conditions ofthe Credit Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall apply to any advance or letter of credit thereunder.2. Conditions Precedent. This Amendment shall be effective when the Lender shall have received anexecuted original hereof, together with each of the following, each in substance and form acceptable to the Lender in its solediscretion:(a) A Certificate of the Secretary of the Borrower certifying as to (i) the resolutions of the board ofdirectors of the Borrower approving the execution and delivery of this Amendment, (ii) the fact that the articles of incorporation andbylaws or articles of organization and operating agreement, as applicable, of the Borrower, which were certified and delivered to theLender pursuant to a previous Certificate of Authority of the Borrower's secretary or assistant secretary continue in full force andeffect and have not been amended or otherwise modified except as set forth in the Certificate to be delivered, and (iii) certifying thatthe officers and agents of the Borrower who have been certified to the Lender, pursuant to a previous Certificate of Authority of theBorrower's secretary or assistant secretary, as being authorized to sign and to act on behalf of the Borrower continue to be soauthorized or setting forth the sample signatures of each of the officers and agents of the Borrower authorized to execute anddeliver this Amendment and all other documents, agreements and certificates on behalf of the Borrower.(b) Such other matters as the Lender may reasonably require.3. Representations and Warranties. The Borrower hereby represents and warrants to the Lender as follows:(a) The Borrower has all requisite power and authority to execute this Amendment and any otheragreements or instruments required hereunder and to perform all of its obligations hereunder, and this Amendment and all suchother agreements and instruments has been duly executed and delivered by the Borrower and constitute the legal, valid andbinding obligation of the Borrower, enforceable in accordance with its terms.(b) The execution, delivery and performance by the Borrower of this Amendment and any otheragreements or instruments required hereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not (i) requireany authorization, consent or approval by any governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality,domestic or foreign, (ii) violate any provision of any law, rule or regulation or of any order, writ, injunction or decree presently ineffect, having applicability to the Borrower, or the articles of incorporation or by-laws of the Borrower, or (iii) result in a breach of orconstitute a default under any indenture or loan or credit agreement or any other agreement, lease or instrument to which theBorrower is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound or affected.(c) All of the representations and warranties contained in Article V of the Credit Agreement are correcton and as of the date hereof as though made on and as of such date, except to the extent that such representations and warrantiesrelate solely to an earlier date.4. References. All references in the Credit Agreement to "this Agreement" shall be deemed to refer to theCredit Agreement as amended hereby; and any and all references in the Security Documents to the Credit Agreement shall bedeemed to refer to the Credit Agreement as amended hereby.5. No Waiver. The execution of this Amendment and the acceptance of all other agreements and instrumentsrelated hereto shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any Default or Event of Default under the Credit Agreement or a waiver of anybreach, default or event of default under any Security Document or other document held by the Lender, whether or not known to theLender and whether or not existing on the date of this Amendment.6. Release. The Borrower hereby absolutely and unconditionally releases and forever discharges the Lender,and any and all participants, parent corporations, subsidiary corporations, affiliated corporations, insurers, indemnitors, successorsand assigns thereof, together with all of the present and former directors, officers, agents and employees of any of the foregoing,from any and all claims, demands or causes of action of any kind, nature or description, whether arising in law or equity or uponcontract or tort or under any state or federal law or otherwise, which the Borrower has had, now has or has made claim to haveagainst any such person for or by reason of any act, omission, matter, cause or thing whatsoever arising from the beginning oftime to and including the date of this Amendment, whether such claims, demands and causes of action are matured or unmaturedor known or unknown.7. Costs and Expenses. The Borrower hereby reaffirms its agreement under the Credit Agreement to pay orreimburse the Lender on demand for all costs and expenses incurred by the Lender in connection with the Loan Documents,including without limitation all title insurance premiums and all reasonable fees and disbursements of legal counsel. Without limitingthe generality of the foregoing, the Borrower specifically agrees to pay all reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to theLender for the services performed by such counsel in connection with the preparation of this Amendment and the documents andinstruments incidental hereto. TheBorrower hereby agrees that the Lender may, subject to the terms of this Amendment, in its sole discretion and without furtherauthorization by the Borrower, make a loan to the Borrower under the Credit Agreement, or apply the proceeds of any loan, for thepurpose of paying any such fees, disbursements, costs and expenses.8. Miscellaneous. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when soexecuted and delivered shall be deemed an original and all of which counterparts, taken together, shall constitute one and the sameinstrument.[EXECUTION PAGES FOLLOW]IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be executed by their respective officersthereunto duly authorized as of the date first above written.For Each Person Comprising the BorrowerSCHUFF INTERNATIONAL, INC., aDelaware corporationc/o Schuff International, Inc. 1841 W. Buchanan Street Phoenix, Arizona 85007 Telecopier: (602) 452-4465 Attention: Michael R. Hille-mail: ____________________By /s/ Michael R. Hill Michael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL COMPANY, aDelaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL – ATLANTIC, LLC., a Florida limited liabilitycompany By: Schuff Steel Company, a Delaware corporationIts Managing MemberBy: /s/ Michael R. Hill Michael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO QUINCY JOIST COMPANY, a Delawarecorporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL – GULF COAST, INC., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO ON-TIME STEEL MANAGEMENTHOLDING, INC., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF HOLDING CO., a Delaware corporation By /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: President ADDISON STRUCTURAL SERVICES, INC., a Floridacorporation By /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: President SCHUFF STEEL MANAGEMENT COMPANY-SOUTHEASTL.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company By /s/ Michael R. HillName: Michael R. Hill, Manager SCHUFF STEEL MANAGEMENT COMPANY-SOUTHWEST,INC., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL MANAGEMENT COMPANY-COLORADO,L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. Hill, Manager SCHUFF PREMIER SERVICES LLC, a Delaware limited liabilitycompany By: /s/ Michael R. HillName: Michael R. Hill, Manager WELLS FARGO CREDIT, INC. By _________________________________Its Authorized SignatoryExhibit 10.16EIGHTH AMENDMENT TO SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AND SECURITY AGREEMENTTHIS EIGHTH AMENDMENT (the "Amendment"), dated June 15, 2015, is entered into by and between SCHUFFINTERNATIONAL, INC., a Delaware corporation, and the other Persons listed in Schedule 1.1 of the Credit Agreement, ashereafter defined (collectively, jointly and severally the "Borrower"), and WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,successor in interest to Wells Fargo Credit, LLC, formerly known as Wells Fargo Credit, Inc., a Minnesota corporation ("Lender").RECITALSThe Borrower and the Lender are parties to a Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement datedAugust 14, 2013 (as amended from time to time, the "Credit Agreement"). Capitalized terms used in these recitals have themeanings given to them in the Credit Agreement unless otherwise specified.NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual covenants and agreements hereincontained, it is agreed as follows:1. Credit Agreement Amendment. The Credit Agreement is hereby amended as follows:(a) The following definitions are hereby added to or amended as applicable in Section 1.1 of the CreditAgreement:."Bank Product" means any one or more of the following financial products or accommodations extended to a Borrower orany of their subsidiaries by a Bank Product Provider: (a) commercial credit cards, (b) commercial credit card processingservices, (c) debit cards, (d) stored value cards, (e) purchase cards (including so-called "procurement cards" or "P-cards"),(f) Cash Management Services, or (g) transactions under Hedge Agreements."Bank Product Agreements" means those agreements entered into from time to time by a Borrower or any of theirsubsidiaries with a Bank Product Provider in connection with the obtaining of any of the Bank Products, including all CashManagement Documents."Bank Product Obligations" means (a) all obligations, indebtedness, liabilities, reimbursement obligations, fees, or expensesowing by a Borrower or any of their subsidiaries to Lender or another Bank Product Provider pursuant to or evidenced by aBank Product Agreement and irrespective of whether for the payment of money, whether direct or indirect, absolute orcontingent, liquidated or unliquidated, determined or undetermined, voluntary or involuntary, due, not due or to become due,incurred in the past or now existing or hereafter arising, however arising and (b) all Hedge Obligations."Bank Product Provider" means Lender, Wells Fargo Bank, NA or any of their Affiliates that provide Bank Products to aBorrower or any of their subsidiaries."Cash Management Documents" means the agreements governing each of the Cash Management Services of Lenderutilized by a Borrower, which agreements shall currently include the Master Agreement for Treasury Management Servicesor other applicable treasury management services agreement, the "Acceptance of Services", the "Service Description"governing each such treasury management service used by a Borrower, and all replacement or successor agreementswhich govern such Cash Management Services of Lender."Obligations" means the Advances (whether or not evidenced by the Notes), the Obligation of Reimbursement, any and allSwap Obligations, any and all Bank Product Obligations and each and every other debt, liability and obligation of every typeand description which the Borrower may now or at any time hereafter owe to the Lender or any Lender Affiliate under thisAgreement or any Loan Document, whether such debt, liability or obligation now exists or is hereafter created or incurred,whether it arises in a transaction involving the Lender alone, a Lender Affiliate alone, and whether it is direct or indirect, dueor to become due, absolute or contingent, primary or secondary, liquid or unliquid, or sole, joint, several or joint or joint andseveral, and including all indebtedness and obligations of the Borrower arising under any Loan Document, Swap Agreementor guaranty between Borrower and the Lender or between Borrower and any Lender Affiliate, whether now in effect orhereafter entered into.(b) Section 6.2 of the Credit Agreement is hereby deleted and replaced as follows:6.2 Financial Covenants.(a) Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio. The Borrower, on a consolidated basis with its Subsidiaries, will maintain a FixedCharge Coverage Ratio (on a trailing 12-month basis) as of each fiscal quarter end of not less than 1.20 to 1.00.(b) Total Debt to EBITDA Ratio. The Borrower, on a consolidated basis with all Subsidiaries, shall achieve Total Debt toEBITDA ratio (on a trailing 12-month basis) for each fiscal quarter end of not less than the amounts set forth below:Quarter EndingMinimum Required RatioMarch 31, 20152.0 to 1June 30, 20152.0 to 1September 30, 20152.0 to 1December 31, 20152.0 to 1(c) Free Cash Flow. The Borrower shall, if requested by the Lender in its sole discretion, on the first day of the first monthfollowing Lender's receipt of Borrower's audited financial statements of each year, pay 30% of the Free Cash Flowgenerated in the immediately preceding fiscal year to Lender for application to reduce the outstanding principal balance ofthe Advances supported by the Eligible Equipment component of the Borrowing Base.(d) Capital Expenditures. The Borrower shall not in any fiscal year incur unfinanced Capital Expenditures in excess of$10,000,000.00 in the aggregate in the 2015 fiscal year.(e) Minimum Monthly Stop Loss. The Borrower will not permit the Net Loss of Borrower and its Subsidiaries on aconsolidated basis to exceed $600,000.00 in the aggregate in any one month or $1,000,000.00 in the aggregate during anytwo consecutive months during any fiscal year.(f) Re-Establishment of Financial Covenants. On or before January 15, 2016 and January 15 of each year thereafter,the Borrower and the Lender shall agree in writing on new covenant levels for Sections 6.2(a) - 6.2(f) for such fiscal year,unless the Lender agrees in writing that the then existing covenant levels shall continue for a longer period. The newcovenant levels will be based on the projections for such periods and shall be no less stringent than the levels in effectimmediately prior thereto. So long as the Lender has acted in good faith in its efforts to establish new covenant levels, thefailure to establish new covenant levels by each January 15, regardless of the reason, shall be an Event of Default.(c) Exhibit B of the Credit Agreement is hereby deleted and replaced with Exhibit B attached hereto.2. No Other Changes. Except as explicitly amended by this Amendment, all of the terms and conditions ofthe Credit Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall apply to any advance or letter of credit thereunder.3. Conditions Precedent. This Amendment shall be effective when the Lender shall have received anexecuted original hereof, together with each of the following, each in substance and form acceptable to the Lender in its solediscretion:(a) A Certificate of the Secretary of the Borrower certifying as to (i) the resolutions of the board ofdirectors of the Borrower approving the execution and delivery of this Amendment, (ii) the fact that the articles of incorporation andbylaws or articles of organization and operating agreement, as applicable, of the Borrower, which were certified and delivered to theLender pursuant to a previous Certificate of Authority of the Borrower's secretary or assistant secretary continue in full force andeffect and have not been amended or otherwise modified except as set forth in the Certificate to be delivered, and (iii) certifying thatthe officers and agents of the Borrower who have been certified to the Lender, pursuant to a previous Certificate of Authority of theBorrower's secretary or assistant secretary, as being authorized to sign and to act on behalf of the Borrower continue to be soauthorized or setting forth the sample signatures of each of the officers and agents of the Borrower authorized to execute anddeliver this Amendment and all other documents, agreements and certificates on behalf of the Borrower.(b) Such other matters as the Lender may reasonably require.4. Representations and Warranties. The Borrower hereby represents and warrants to the Lender as follows:(a) The Borrower has all requisite power and authority to execute this Amendment and any otheragreements or instruments required hereunder and to perform all of itsobligations hereunder, and this Amendment and all such other agreements and instruments has been duly executed and deliveredby the Borrower and constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Borrower, enforceable in accordance with its terms.(b) The execution, delivery and performance by the Borrower of this Amendment and any otheragreements or instruments required hereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not (i) requireany authorization, consent or approval by any governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality,domestic or foreign, (ii) violate any provision of any law, rule or regulation or of any order, writ, injunction or decree presently ineffect, having applicability to the Borrower, or the articles of incorporation or by-laws of the Borrower, or (iii) result in a breach of orconstitute a default under any indenture or loan or credit agreement or any other agreement, lease or instrument to which theBorrower is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound or affected.(c) All of the representations and warranties contained in Article V of the Credit Agreement are correcton and as of the date hereof as though made on and as of such date, except to the extent that such representations and warrantiesrelate solely to an earlier date.5. References. All references in the Credit Agreement to "this Agreement" shall be deemed to refer to theCredit Agreement as amended hereby; and any and all references in the Security Documents to the Credit Agreement shall bedeemed to refer to the Credit Agreement as amended hereby.6. No Waiver. The execution of this Amendment and the acceptance of all other agreements and instrumentsrelated hereto shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any Default or Event of Default under the Credit Agreement or a waiver of anybreach, default or event of default under any Security Document or other document held by the Lender, whether or not known to theLender and whether or not existing on the date of this Amendment.7. Release. The Borrower hereby absolutely and unconditionally releases and forever discharges the Lender,and any and all participants, parent corporations, subsidiary corporations, affiliated corporations, insurers, indemnitors, successorsand assigns thereof, together with all of the present and former directors, officers, agents and employees of any of the foregoing,from any and all claims, demands or causes of action of any kind, nature or description, whether arising in law or equity or uponcontract or tort or under any state or federal law or otherwise, which the Borrower has had, now has or has made claim to haveagainst any such person for or by reason of any act, omission, matter, cause or thing whatsoever arising from the beginning oftime to and including the date of this Amendment, whether such claims, demands and causes of action are matured or unmaturedor known or unknown.8. Costs and Expenses. The Borrower hereby reaffirms its agreement under the Credit Agreement to pay orreimburse the Lender on demand for all costs and expenses incurred by the Lender in connection with the Loan Documents,including without limitation all title insurance premiums and all reasonable fees and disbursements of legal counsel. Without limitingthe generality of the foregoing, the Borrower specifically agrees to pay all reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to theLender for the services performed by such counsel in connection with the preparation of this Amendment and the documents andinstruments incidental hereto. The Borrower hereby agrees that the Lender may, subject to the terms of this Amendment, in its solediscretion and without further authorization by the Borrower, make a loan to the Borrower underthe Credit Agreement, or apply the proceeds of any loan, for the purpose of paying any such fees, disbursements, costs andexpenses.9. Miscellaneous. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when soexecuted and delivered shall be deemed an original and all of which counterparts, taken together, shall constitute one and the sameinstrument.[EXECUTION PAGES FOLLOW]IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be executed by their respective officersthereunto duly authorized as of the date first above written.For Each Person Comprising the BorrowerSCHUFF INTERNATIONAL, INC., aDelaware corporationc/o Schuff International, Inc. 1841 W. Buchanan Street Phoenix, Arizona 85007 Telecopier: (602) 452-4465 Attention: Michael R. Hille-mail: ____________________By /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL COMPANY, aDelaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL – ATLANTIC, LLC., a Florida limited liabilitycompany By: Schuff Steel Company, a Delaware corporationIts Managing MemberBy: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO QUINCY JOIST COMPANY, a Delawarecorporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL – GULF COAST, INC., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO ON-TIME STEEL MANAGEMENTHOLDING, INC., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF HOLDING CO., a Delaware corporation By /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: President ADDISON STRUCTURAL SERVICES, INC., a Floridacorporation By /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: President SCHUFF STEEL MANAGEMENT COMPANY-SOUTHEASTL.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company By /s/ Michael R. HillName: Michael R. Hill, Manager SCHUFF STEEL MANAGEMENT COMPANY-SOUTHWEST,INC., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. HillIts: Vice President and CFO SCHUFF STEEL MANAGEMENT COMPANY-COLORADO,L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ Michael R. HillMichael R. Hill, Manager SCHUFF PREMIER SERVICES LLC, a Delaware limited liabilitycompany By: /s/ Michael R. HillName: Michael R. Hill, Manager WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,successor in interest to Wells Fargo Credit, LLC, formerly knownas Wells Fargo Credit, Inc., a Minnesota corporation By _________________________________ Its Authorized SignatoryExhibit BCOMPLIANCE CERTIFICATETo:_________________________________Wells Fargo Bank, National AssociationDate:__________________, 201_Subject:___________________________Financial StatementsIn accordance with our Second Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement dated as of ________________, asamended from time to time (the "Credit Agreement"), attached are the financial statements of Schuff International, Inc. and itsSubsidiaries as of and for ________________, 20__ (the "Reporting Date") and the year-to-date period then ended (the "CurrentFinancials"). All terms used in this certificate have the meanings given in the Credit Agreement.I certify that the Current Financials have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, subject to year-end audit adjustments,and fairly present the Borrower's financial condition as of the date thereof.Events of Default. (Check one):qThe undersigned does not have knowledge of the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default under the CreditAgreement except as previously reported in writing to the Lender.qThe undersigned has knowledge of the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default under the Credit Agreement notpreviously reported in writing to the Lender and attached hereto is a statement of the facts with respect to thereto.The Borrower acknowledges that pursuant to Section 2.8(b) of the Credit Agreement, the Lender may impose theDefault Rate at any time during the resulting Default Period to be effective as of any date permitted under theAgreement.Financial Covenants. I further certify to the Lender as follows:(Check one):qThe Reporting Date marks the end of one of the Borrower's fiscal months, but not the end of a fiscal quarter or fiscalyear; hence I am completing all items below except items ___ and __.qThe Reporting Date marks the end of one of the Borrower's fiscal quarters but not the end of a fiscal year, hence I amcompleting all items below except items _ and _.qThe Reporting Date marks the end of the Borrower's fiscal year, hence I am completing all paragraphs below all itemsbelow.I further certify to the Lender as follows:1.Section 6.2(a) – Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio.Quarter EndingMinimum Required Fixed ChargeCoverage Ratio ActualMarch 31, 20151.20 to 1 June 30, 20151.20 to 1 September 30, 20151.20 to 1 December 31, 20151.20 to 1 2.Section 6.2(b) Total Debt to EBITDAQuarter EndingMinimum Required Ratio ActualMarch 31, 20152.0 to 1 June 30, 20152.0 to 1 September 30, 20152.0 to 1 December 31, 20152.0 to 1 3.Section 6.2(c) Free Cash FlowYearRequirement = ActualEach Fiscal Year30% of Free Cash Flow 4.Section 6.2(d)YearMaximum Permitted Unfinanced CapitalExpenditures Actual2015$10,000,000.00 5.Section 6.2(e)MonthMaximum Permitted Net Loss ActualAny single month$600,000.00 Any two consecutive months$1,000,000.00 6. Distributions. As of the Reporting Date, the Borrower ¨ is ¨ is not in compliance with Section 6.7 of the CreditAgreement concerning dividends distributions, purchases, retirements and redemptions.7. Salaries. As of the Reporting Date, the Borrower ¨ is ¨ is not in compliance with Section 6.8 of the CreditAgreement concerning salaries and other compensation.8. Transactions With Affiliates. As of the Reporting Date, the Borrower ¨ is ¨ is not in compliance with Section 6.27of the Credit Agreement concerning transactions with Affiliates.Attached hereto are all relevant facts in reasonable detail to evidence, and the computations of the financial covenants referred toabove. These computations were made in accordance with GAAP. Chief Financial Officer of Schuff International, Inc. and authorized agentof the other Persons comprising the BorrowerExhibit 21.1Subsidiaries HC2 Holdings, Inc. DelawareSt. Thomas and San Juan Telephone Company US Virgin IslandsSTSJ Overseas Telephone Company, Inc. Puerto RicoANG Holdings, Inc. DelawareGemderm Aesthetics, Inc. DelawareGlobal Marine Holdings, LLC DelawareSchuff Merger Sub Inc. DelawareHC2 Holdings 2, Inc. DelawareHC2 Tech Ventures, LLC DelawareDMI, Inc. DelawarePansend, LLC DelawareGenovel Orthopedics, Inc. DelawareHC2 Investment Securities, Inc. DelawarePTGi International Holding, Inc. DelawareLingo Holdings, Inc. DelawarePTGi IHC, Inc. DelawarePTGi International, Inc. DelawareArbinet Corporation DelawareArbinet Communications, Inc. DelawareArbinet Services, Inc. DelawarePTGi International Carrier Services, Inc. DelawareANIP, Inc. DelawareArbinet Managed Services, Inc. DelawareArbinet Digital Media Corporation DelawareSchuff International, Inc. DelawareSchuff Premier Services, LLC DelawareAddison Structural Services, Inc. DelawareQuincy Joist Company DelawareSchuff Holding Company DelawareSchuff Steel Gulf Coast Inc. DelawareSchuff Steel Company DelawareSchuff Steel Atlantic, LLC DelawareOn-Time Steel Management Holding, Inc. DelawareSchuff Steel Management Company SW, Inc. DelawareSchuff Steel Management Company SE, LLC DelawareSchuff Steel Management Company Colorado, LLC DelawareBridgehouse Marine Ltd United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems, Ltd United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems Oil and Gas, LTD United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems (Vessels), Ltd United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems (Vessels II), Ltd United KingdomGMSG, LTD United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems (Depots), Ltd United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems (Bermuda), Ltd BermudaVibro-Einspultechnik Duker- and Wasserbau GmbH GermanyGlobal Marine Cable Systems Pte, Ltd United KingdomGMSL Employee Benefit Trust United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems Pension Trustee, Ltd United KingdomGMS Guernsey Pension Plans, Ltd GuernseyGlobal Marine Systems (Netherlands), BV Netherlands Global Marine Search, Ltd United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems (Investments), Ltd United KingdomRed Sky Subsea, Ltd United KingdomGlobal Marine Systems (Americas), Inc. DelawareGlobal Cable Technology, Ltd United KingdomSchuff Hopsa Engineering, Inc. PanamaSchuff Steel Company Panama S de RL PanamaArbinet - Thexchange Ltd. United KingdomPTGi-ICS Holdings LTD United KingdomPTGi-International Carrier Services LTD United KingdomPTGi Europe, B.V. NetherlandsArbinet-thexchange HK Ltd Hong KongPTGi A/G SwitzerlandPTGi SRL ItalyPTI Telecom GmbH AustriaDelta One America DO SUL BrazilPrimus Telecomm. EL. Salvador S.A.DE C.V El SalvadorStubbs Limited Hong KongExhibit 23.1Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmHC2 Holdings, Inc.Herndon, VirginiaWe hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-207470), Form S-3 (No. 333-207266), andForm S-8 (No. 333-198727) of HC2 Holdings, Inc. of our report dated March 15, 2016, relating to the consolidated financial statements and financialstatement schedules, and the effectiveness of HC2 Holdings, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting which appear in this Form 10-K./s/ BDO USA, LLPMcLean, VirginiaMarch 15, 2016Exhibit 31.1CERTIFICATIONSI, Philip A. Falcone, certify that:1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of HC2 Holdings, Inc.;2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make thestatements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by thisreport;3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects thefinancial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined inExchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others withinthose entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under oursupervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements forexternal purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about theeffectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; andd)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s mostrecent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likelyto materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, tothe registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which arereasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; andb)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internalcontrol over financial reporting.Dated: March 15, 2016By:/s/ Philip A. Falcone Name:Philip A. Falcone Title:Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)Exhibit 31.2CERTIFICATIONSI, Michael Sena, certify that:1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of HC2 Holdings, Inc.;2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make thestatements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by thisreport;3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects thefinancial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined inExchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others withinthose entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under oursupervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements forexternal purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about theeffectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; andd)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s mostrecent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likelyto materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, tothe registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which arereasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; andb)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internalcontrol over financial reporting.Dated: March 15, 2016By:/s/ Michael Sena Name:Michael Sena Title:Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)Exhibit 32CERTIFICATIONPursuant to Section 906 of the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted), Philip A.Falcone, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) of HC2 Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”), and Michael Sena, theChief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) of the Company, each hereby certifies that, to the best of his knowledge:1. The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, to which this Certification is attached as Exhibit 32 (the“Periodic Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and2. The information contained in the Periodic Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company at the end of theperiod covered by the Periodic Report and results of operations of the Company for the period covered by the Periodic Report.Dated: March 15, 2016 /s/ Philip A. Falcone /s/ Michael SenaPhilip A. Falcone Michael SenaChairman, President and Chief Executive Officer(Principal Executive Officer) Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and AccountingOfficer)

Continue reading text version or see original annual report in PDF format above