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Himax Technologies

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FY2019 Annual Report · Himax Technologies
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Dear Shareholders,

Looking back on 2019, Himax Technologies continued to drive the evolution of innovation as a leader in the 
industry. We remain committed to investing across all our product categories for the long-term and this has 
established Himax in a position of strength in the global marketplace. As we move forward, we are dedicated 
to quality, reliability, and execution to deliver shareholder value.

There were several obstacles that negatively impacted the business but as we reached the end of the year, 
we began to see a turnaround across all of our businesses with positive momentum and outlook. At the time, 
this was due to design-wins with new and existing customers across our major product lines. This positive 
momentum, combined with our expanded foundry capacity, provides confidence for better results in 2020. 
Today, due to Covid-19, the marketplace faces unprecedented challenges. Although we have limited visibility 
in the short-term, Himax is well positioned to benefit from industry trends. Given this uncertain economic 
environment, we look forward with cautious optimism that we can regain our business momentum as we 
emerge from the current crisis.

Now, let me review the year for each of our business segments.

The overall display driver IC businesses declined in 2019 as a result of weak TV demand, increased cost and 
competition, and the impacts of short-term capacity constraints on TDDI. Yet we feel our product roadmap 
combined with TDDI foundry capacity, new design wins, a more diverse customer base and new technology, 
position Himax for better results in 2020 and long-term growth.

In 2019, our large panel driver IC business declined, primarily due to panel makers correcting inventory from 
weak TV demand, increased costs of packaging material and industry-wide oversupply, all of which resulted 
in lower shipments and price erosion. As we look to 2020, market dynamics have shifted as panel makers 
replenish their inventories. Our leading Chinese panel customers have moved quickly to take advantage of 
ongoing fab restructuring by the Korean panel makers. Additionally, we expanded our foundry capacity last 
year ahead of our peers, a move that has put us in a good position to gain market share and grow our large 
panel business. Our design project coverage across all leading Chinese panel makers remains strong and 
while the TV market has been hard-hit by the pandemic, we are seeing strength in monitor and notebook 
markets  thanks  to  our  product  excellence  especially  in  the  high-end  monitor  and  low-power  notebook 
markets.   

We also experienced a decline in the small and medium-sized driver IC business during 2019 due to increased 
competition that led to smartphone TDDI price erosion as well as more TDDI shipments for the lower-end 
market which also contributed to the decline. However, on a full-year basis, TDDI shipments were close to 
double compared to 2018. Looking forward at the smartphone market, a move to higher frame rate displays 
and demand for 5G in China are expected to drive smartphone growth. Himax is well positioned to benefit 
from these trends. Turning to the tablet business, we see the opportunity for strong growth from the rapid 
adoption of in-cell TDDI solution as it is becoming mainstream for tablets due to lower cost. Moving on 
to automotive applications, revenue fell due to sluggish global car sales and a maturing automotive display 
market. While we did not enjoy the same kind of growth from automotive display segment as we did in 2018, 
Himax commands more than 30% of the global automotive display driver IC market and is a dominant new 
technology provider in TDDI, AMOLED, and local dimming timing controller. We are well positioned to 
capture the long-term growth to be driven by these new technologies in the automotive market.  

In the non-driver IC business segment during 2019, we continued to ship multimillion units of our WLO 
product to an anchor customer, although the demand for this product is likely to decline significantly starting 
the  second  quarter  of  2020.  Despite  the  short-term  disruption,  we  continue  to  make  progress  with  our 
ongoing R&D projects for the next generation products centered around our exceptional design know-how 
and mass production expertise in WLO technology. Looking at 3D sensing for smartphones, we have been 
working with an industry-leading ToF 3D camera vendor to develop new and advanced solutions, targeting 
Android smartphones, and are pleased to have provided a spot projector for reference design together with 
this partner. For non-smartphone 3D-sensing, our engagements continue to focus on smart door lock and 

1

industrial automation applications where we provide structured light-based total solutions. In the area of 
ultralow power smart sensing, we see opportunities across multiple consumer product categories and continue 
to collaborate with customers and ecosystem partners who would like to leverage our WiseEye technology, a 
cutting-edge AI-based ultralow power intelligent sensing solution, in next generation applications.  

As we look forward to 2020, Covid-19 has had a profound impact on global consumption and the economy 
overall. Although we have limited visibility at this time, as the economy moves past the crisis, we believe we 
are well positioned to benefit from industry trends and economy rebound. We hold a leadership position in 
the markets we serve and remain dedicated to establishing forward-looking long-term value for shareholders. 

I am grateful for the support of our shareholders, customers, partners, and employees, and look forward with 
confidence to having a great year in 2020.

Sincerely,

Jordan Wu
President and CEO
Himax Technologies, Inc.

2

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F 

(Mark One)

REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE   
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

x

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES  
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

            For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES  EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

             For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

OR

SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE  
SECURITIES  EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

             Date of event requiring this shell company report ________________

OR

Commission file number:  000-51847

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Not Applicable
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

CAYMAN ISLANDS
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

NO. 26, ZIH LIAN ROAD
SINSHIH DISTRICT, TAINAN CITY 74148
TAIWAN, REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Address of principal executive offices) 

Jackie Chang
Chief Financial Officer
Telephone: +886-2-2370-3999
E-mail: jackie_chang@himax.com.tw
Facsimile: +886-2-2314-0877
10F, No. 1, Xiangyang Road
Taipei 10046
Taiwan, Republic of China
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

                      Title of each class                                             Trading Symbol 
                                                                                                                                                                               registered
       Ordinary Shares, par value $0.3 per 
                         ordinary share                                                                                      Market Inc.*

                  HIMX                      The NASDAQ Global Select 

         Name of each exchange on which 

 * 

Not for trading, but only in connection with the listing on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, Inc. of American Depositary Shares  
representing such Ordinary Shares.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                       
 
 
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to 
Section 15(d) of the Act:  None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the 
close of the period covered by the annual report. 344,368,062 Ordinary Shares.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the 
Securities Act.        Yes      No

x

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file 
reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.     Yes      No

x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that 
the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the 
x
past 90 days.      Yes      No

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File 
required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).     
x
      Yes      No

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  is  a  large  accelerated  filer,  an  accelerated  filer,  a  non-
accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated 
filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer           Accelerated filer         Non-accelerated filer        Emerging growth company      

x

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate 
by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any 
new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial 
Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements 
included in this filing:
 U.S. GAAP                              International Financial Reporting Standards as issued                           Other 
                                                  by the International Accounting Standards Board   
x

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial 
statement item the registrant has elected to follow.    Item 17      Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in 
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes      No 

x

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS                                                                                        

    Page

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 
CERTAIN CONVENTIONS 
PART I 
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS 
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE 
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION 
3.A. Selected Financial Data 
3.B. Capitalization and Indebtedness 
3.C. Reason for the Offer and Use of Proceeds 
3.D. Risk Factors 

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY 

4.A. History and Development of the Company 
4.B. Business Overview 
4.C. Organizational Structure 
4.D. Property, Plants and Equipment 

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS 

5.A. Operating Results 
5.B. Liquidity and Capital Resources 
5.C. Research and Development 
5.D. Trend Information 
5.E. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 
5.F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations 

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES 

6.A. Directors and Senior Management 
6.B. Compensation  
6.C. Board Practices 
6.D. Employees 
6.E. Share Ownership 

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

7.A. Major Shareholders 
7.B. Related Party Transactions 
7.C. Interests of Experts and Counsel 
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

8.A.  Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information 
8.B.  Significant Changes 

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING 
9.A. Offer and Listing Details 
9.B. Plan of Distribution 
9.C. Markets 
9.D. Selling Shareholders 
9.E. Dilution 
9.F.  Expenses of the Issue 

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

10.A. Share Capital 
10.B. Memorandum and Articles of Association 
10.C. Material Contracts 
10.D. Exchange Controls 
10.E. Taxation 
10.F.  Dividends and Paying Agents 
10.G. Statement by Experts 
10.H. Documents on Display 
10.I.  Subsidiary Information 

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5

               
                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

12.A. Debt Securities 
12.B. Warrants and Rights 
12.C. Other Securities 
12.D. American Depositary Shares 

PART II
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS    

    AND USE OF PROCEEDS
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 16. [RESERVED]

16.A. Audit Committee Financial Expert 
16.B. Code of Ethics 
16.C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services 
16.D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees 
16.E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers 
16.F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant 
16.G. Corporate Governance 
16.H. Mine Safety Disclosure 

PART III
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

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6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This annual report on Form 20-F contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 
27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended, or the Exchange Act. Although these forward-looking statements, which may include statements 
regarding our future results of operations, financial condition, or business prospects, are based on our own 
information  and  information  from  other  sources  we  believe  to  be  reliable,  you  should  not  place  undue 
reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this annual report. The 
words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate” and similar expressions, as they relate 
to us, are intended to identify a number of these forward-looking statements. Our actual results of operations, 
financial condition or business prospects may differ materially from those expressed or implied in these 
forward-looking statements for a variety of reasons, including, among other things and not limited to, our 
anticipated growth strategies, our and our customers’ future business developments, results of operations and 
financial condition, our ability to develop new products, the future growth and pricing trend of the display 
driver markets, the future growth of end-use applications that use flat panel displays, particularly TFT-LCD 
panels, development of alternative flat panel display technologies, market acceptance and competitiveness 
of the driver and non-driver products developed by us, our ability to protect intellectual property, changes 
in customer relations and preference, shortage in supply of key components, our ability to collect accounts 
receivable and manage inventory, changes in economic and financial market conditions, and other factors. 
For a discussion of these risks and other factors, please see “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors.”

CERTAIN CONVENTIONS

Unless otherwise indicated, all translations from U.S. dollars to NT dollars in this annual report were 
made at a rate of $1.00 to NT$29.91, the exchange rates set forth in the H.10 weekly statistical release of 
the Federal Reserve System of the United States (the “Federal Reserve Board”) on December 31, 2019. No 
representation is made that the NT dollar amounts referred to herein could have been or could be converted 
into U.S. dollars at any particular rate or at all. On March 20, 2020, the noon buying rate was $1.00 to 
NT$30.3. Unless otherwise indicated, in this annual report,

the terms “we”, “us”, “our company”, “our” and “Himax” refers to Himax Technologies, Inc., its predecessor 
entities and subsidiaries;

the term “Himax Taiwan” refers to Himax Technologies Limited, our wholly owned subsidiary in Taiwan 
and our predecessor; 

“shares” or “ordinary shares” refers to our ordinary shares, par value $0.3 per share;

“RSUs” refers to restricted share units;

“ADSs” refers to our American depositary shares, each of which represents two ordinary shares;

“ADRs” refers to the American depositary receipts that evidence our ADSs;

“AR” refers to the augmented reality;

“ROC” or “Taiwan” refers to the island of Taiwan and other areas under the effective control of the 
Republic of China;

“PRC” or “China” for purposes of this annual report refers to the People’s Republic of China, excluding  
  Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau;

“AIoT” refers to Artificial Intelligence & Internet of Things;

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
“AMOLED” refers to active matrix organic light-emitting diode;

“ASIC” refers to application specific integrated circuit;

“ASC” refers to active stereo camera 3D sensing, which uses two cameras to replicate 3D vision in nature, 
  augmented by coded light for image depth enhancement;

“CMOS” refers to complementary metal oxide semiconductor;

“edge computing” refers to a distributed computing paradigm which brings data computation closer to
 the location it is needed, to reduce power consumption needed for data computation, improve response
 time and save bandwidth;

“head-mounted-display” refers to a display device, worn on the head or as part of a helmet, that has a 
  small display optic in front of one or each;

“IC” refers to integrated circuit;

“IFRS” refers to The International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International 
  Accounting Standards Board;

“IGZO” refers to indium gallium zinc oxide;

“Innolux” refers to Innolux Corporation, its predecessor and consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context 
  otherwise requires;

“LCOS” refers to liquid crystal on silicon;

“LED” refers to light-emitting diode;

“LTPS” refers to low temperature poly silicon;

“MEMS” refers to micro-electro mechanical systems;

“OLED” refers to organic light-emitting diode;

“Structured Light” refers to a 3D infrared structure light projector, which is composed of a laser light 
  source, a collimated lens and a diffractive optics element (DOE);

“SLiMTM” refers to Structured Light Imaging Module, which is Himax homegrown structured light-
  based 3D sensing total solution;

“TDDI” refers to touch display driver integrated circuit for advanced in cell touch display;

“TFT-LCD” refers to amorphous silicon thin film transistor liquid crystal display, or “a-Si TFT-LCD”; 

“ToF” refers to a time-of-flight (ToF) 3D camera works by illuminating the scene with a modulated light 
  source, and observing the reflected light;

“VGA” refers to Video Graphics Array; 

“VR” refers to the virtual reality;

“wafer level optics” or “WLO” are optical products manufactured using semiconductor process on wafers;

8

 
 
 
“WiseEye®” refers to WiseEye intelligent vision solution is based on Emza’s unique AI-based machine-
  learning trainable algorithms, on top of Himax’s proprietary computer vision processor and CMOS 
  image sensor – all equipped with ultra-low power design;

“WiseEye WE-I Plus” refers to an AI accelerator-embedded ASIC platform solution for application
  developers to develop and deploy CNN-based machine learning models on AIoT applications including 
  smart home appliances and surveillance systems;

“processed tape” refers to polyimide tape plated with copper foil that has a circuit formed within it, 
  which is used in tape-automated bonding packaging;

“semiconductor manufacturing service providers” refers to third-party wafer fabrication foundries, gold 
  bumping houses, and assembly and testing houses;

“large-sized panels” refers to panels that are typically above ten inches in diagonal measurement;

“small and medium-sized panels” refers to panels that are typically around ten inches or less in diagonal 
  measurement. All sizes of smartphone, automotive and tablet displays are identified as small and 
  medium;

all references to “New Taiwan dollars”,“NT dollars” and “NT$” are to the legal currency of the ROC; and

all references to “dollars”,“U.S. dollars” and “$” are to the legal currency of the United States.

On August 10, 2009, we effected: (i) a stock split in the form of a stock dividend of 5,999 ordinary shares 
for each ordinary share held by shareholders of record, followed by a consolidation of every 3,000 ordinary 
shares into one ordinary share; (ii) a change of the par value of our ordinary shares from $0.0001 each to 
$0.3 each; and (iii) a change in our ADS ratio from one ADS representing one ordinary share to one ADS 
representing two ordinary shares. See “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major 
Shareholders” for more information. Unless otherwise indicated, all shares, per share and share equity data in 
this annual report have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the effect of the stock split and the change in par 
value for all periods presented.

9

 
 
PART I

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

  Not applicable.

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

3.A. Selected Financial Data

The selected consolidated statements of profit or loss data and selected consolidated cash flow data for 
the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 and the selected consolidated statements of financial 
position  data  as  of  December  31,  2018  and  2019  are  derived  from  our  audited  consolidated  financial 
statements  included  herein,  which  are  presented  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards, or “IFRS”, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, or “IASB”. The selected 
consolidated statement of financial position data as of December 31, 2017, set forth below, is derived from 
our audited consolidated financial statements not included herein. Since 2018 was the first year of our audited 
consolidated  financial  statements  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRS,  pursuant  to  the  transitional  relief 
granted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in respect of the first-time adoption of IFRS, we 
have only provided financial statements and financial information for the financial years ended December 
31, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Additionally, financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 
2016 derived from our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have not 
been included below, and no audited consolidated financial statements and financial information prepared 
in accordance with IFRS for the year ended December 31, 2016 have been included in this annual report. 
Historical financial results as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017 have also been adjusted based 
on IFRS, which differs from the results included in our annual reports on Form 20-F for the year ended 
December 31, 2017. Our historical results do not necessarily indicate results expected for any future periods.  

The selected financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with “Item 5. Operating and 
Financial Review and Prospects” and the consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements 
included herein.

Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss 
Data: 
Revenues 
Costs and expenses(2): 
Cost of revenues 
Research and development 
General and administrative 
Expected credit loss 
Sales and marketing 

Operating income (loss)  

Profit (loss) for the year  
Profit (loss) attributable to 
   Himax stockholders 

10

Year Ended December 31,
2018

2019(1)
(in thousands, except per share data)

2017

$

685,167

$

723,605

$

671,835 

518,142
117,662
  20,461
       155
  20,388

    8,359

  25,538

  27,680

$

$

$

554,690
123,037
   21,823
       290
  20,380

     3,385

     6,026

     8,569

$

$

$

533,916
114,859
  23,672
         67
  17,628

$

$

$

  (18,307)

  (16,184)

  (13,614)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
2018

2019(1)
(in thousands, except per share data)

2017

Earnings (loss) per ordinary share
   attributable to Himax stockholders: 
Basic 
Diluted  
Earnings (loss) per ADS attributable to 
   Himax stockholders(3): 
Basic 
Diluted  
Weighted-average number of ordinary shares 
   used in earnings per share computation(3): 
Basic 
Diluted  
Weighted-average number of ADS equivalent 
   used in earnings per share
   computation(4): 
Basic 
Diluted  

$
$

$
$

      0.08
      0.08

     0.16
     0.16

$
$

$
$

       0.02
       0.02

      0.05
      0.05

$
$

$
$

     (0.04)
     (0.04)

     (0.08)
     (0.08)

344,849
344,903

345,020
345,069

345,101
345,101

172,425
172,452

172,510
172,534

172,550
172,550

Cash dividends declared per ordinary share(5)
Cash dividends declared per ADS

$
$

      0.12
      0.24

$
$

      0.05
      0.10

$
$

-
-

Note: 

(1) Reflects the adoption of the new accounting standard in fiscal year 2019 related to IFRS 16 “Leases”.

(2) The amount of share-based compensation included in applicable costs and expenses categories is
      summarized as follows:

Cost of revenues 
Research and development 
General and administrative 
Sales and marketing 
Total

Year Ended December 31,
2018

2017

2019

(in thousands)

$

$

   204
5,222
   723
   995
7,144

$

$

    90
3,165
  387
  544
4,186

$

$

    9
339
  50
  59
457

      Of the $7.1 million, $4.2 million and $0.5 million in share-based compensation in 2017, 2018 and
      2019, $6.1 million, $3.8 million and nil were settled in cash, respectively.

(3) Since the Company had net loss for 2019, the unvested RSUs and employee stock options are not being 
      considered with dilutive effect for the year.

(4) The number of ADS equivalent outstanding is determined by dividing the number of ordinary shares by
      two. The earnings (loss) per ADS is presented solely for the convenience of the reader and does not 
      represent a measure under IFRS.

(5)  The above cash dividends should not be considered representative of the dividends that would be paid in
      any future periods or our dividend policy. See “Item 8.A.8. Financial Information—Dividends and
      Dividend Policy” for more information on our dividends and our dividend policy.

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Financial
Position Data: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts receivable, net 
Inventories 
Total current assets 
Total assets 
Accounts payable 
Total current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Ordinary shares 
Treasury shares 
Total equity 

Consolidated Cash Flow Data: 
Net cash provided by operating activities 
Net cash used in investing activities 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing 
activities

As of December 31,
2018

2019

2017

(in thousands)

$

$

138,023
188,774
135,200
662,621
803,193
139,933
343,726
349,605
107,010
    (8,878)
453,588

106,437
189,279
162,561
654,415
836,678
150,500
391,155
394,391
107,010
    (8,819)
442,287

$

101,055
164,943
143,774
604,668
818,481
114,320
380,890
387,237
107,010
    (8,764)
431,244

Year Ended December 31,
2018

2019

2017

(in thousands)

$

29,393
(35,088)

$

  4,009
(38,266)

$

 7,656
(47,767)

(41,214)

  2,801

35,261

Note:  More detail explanation, please see “Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and 
               Capital Resources.”

3.B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

  Not applicable.

3.C. Reason for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

3.D. Risk Factors

Risks Relating to Our Financial Condition and Business

Our suppliers may have increasing bargaining power as a result of industry consolidation, which could result 
in an increase in our average unit cost and a decrease in our profit margin.

There has been an increased level of industry consolidation among our suppliers. Merger and acquisition 
activities will likely increase the size and market power of the relevant suppliers and reduce the number of 
suppliers we could use under a simpler supplier chain. Such industry change could further reduce the number 
of suppliers for gold bumping, COF packages services and Tape that we could use. Therefore, suppliers could 
be in a better position to bargain for higher prices for their services and products, which could result in an 
increase in our average unit cost. Moreover, as gold is a crucial raw material in the gold bumping process, 
any increases in the price of gold could result in an increase in our average unit cost and a decrease in our 
profit margin. If we are unable to transfer any increase in average unit cost to our customers by selling at 

12

 
 
 
  
 
       
 
 
  
 
higher prices, our gross margin would decrease, and our results of operations could be adversely affected.

We derive the majority of our net revenues from sales to the TFT-LCD panel industry, which is highly cyclical 
and subject to price fluctuations. Such cyclicality and price fluctuations could negatively impact our business 
or results of operations.

In 2018 and 2019, 81.0% and 81.1% of our revenues, respectively, were attributable to display drivers 
that were incorporated into TFT-LCD panels. We expect to continue to substantially depend on sales to the 
TFT-LCD panel industry for the foreseeable future. The TFT-LCD panel industry is intensely competitive 
and is vulnerable to cyclical market conditions. The average selling prices of TFT-LCD panels generally 
decline with time as a result of, among other factors, capacity ramp-up, technological advancements and cost 
reduction with the exception of the new high end and high-resolution products. The average selling prices of 
TFT-LCD panels could further decline for numerous reasons, including but not limited to the following:

• 

lower-than-expected demand for end-use products that incorporate TFT-LCD panels; 

•  a surge in industrial manufacturing capacity due to the ramping up of new fabrication facilities and/ 

or improvements in production yields; and 

•  manufacturers operating at high levels of capacity utilization in order to reduce fixed costs per panel.

The TFT-LCD panel industry is volatile and difficult to predict. For example, in 2014, the smartphone 
boom in developed markets and in China generated great demand of small and medium sized panels, helping 
the TFT-LCD panel business to gradually recover. However, 2015 was a more challenging year for the TFT-
LCD industry due to macro uncertainties and soft demand across the consumer electronics sectors. We cannot 
assure you that such similar events will not occur in the future or there will not be any future shortages 
of materials or components for our products or our customers’ products or a decrease in demand for our 
products.

In addition, the merger of certain of our major customers, including CMO, Innolux and TPO in 2010, 
could result in an increase in their bargaining power and therefore subject us to additional downward pricing 
pressure. We cannot assure you that in such periods in which we experience significant downward pricing 
pressure, we could sufficiently reduce costs to completely offset the loss of revenues. In addition, a severe and 
prolonged industry downturn could also result in higher risks in relation to the collectability of our accounts 
receivable, the marketability and valuation of our inventories, the impairment of our tangible and intangible 
assets, and the stability of our supply chain. As a result, the cyclicality of the TFT-LCD panel industry could 
adversely affect our revenues, cost of revenues and results of operations.

Our strategy of expanding our product offerings to non-driver products may not be successful.

We  have  devoted,  and  intend  to  continue  to  devote,  financial  and  management  resources  to  the 
development, manufacturing and marketing of non-driver products as we diversify our product portfolio and 
because our non-driver products have higher gross margin than our driver products. Our non-driver products 
include, among others, timing controllers, touch panel controllers, LCOS and MEMS microdisplays, power 
management ICs, CMOS image sensors, wafer level optics (WLO) products, 3D sensing solution and ultra-
low power smart sensing.

We believe end products utilizing our LCOS technology could potentially be a large market and we have 
made major progress toward commercialization of LCOS microdisplays for head-mounted-display. On top 
of that, we have seen supply chain maturing throughout the years with a growing number of significant 
players investing in microdisplay reference designs. Our LCOS microdisplay business hit on inflection 
point in September 2015 with pilot production shipment made to a major customer. Since then, we have 
increased shipments of our LCOS products to some industry heavyweights and secured additional design 
engagements with current and new customers. Some of our major customers already launched their products 
in 2016. At present, our main focus areas for LCOS business are AR goggle devices and head-up-displays 

13

 
 
(HUD) for automotive, while AR will take a few years to fully realize its market potential. We continue to 
see heavyweight companies allocating major R&D resources and budgets to bring the new products into 
the market. Tier 1 companies and start-up companies are investing heavily to develop the ecosystem -- 
applications, software, OS, firmware, system electronics, and optics. With all these investments, we will see 
an ecosystem build up within the next few years; the AR market will then be in an acceleration mode. While 
most customers don’t expect big volume for their early generation products, we have been working with 
many of them for future generation devices. We are committed to providing the best technology to support 
them in the effort. We are also seeing constant additions of new customers using our LCOS for a variety of 
new applications. We believe that Himax stands to benefit from our customers’ successful commercialization 
of their new products due to our unique position as one of the providers of choice for microdisplay and 
related optics. Nevertheless, these product categories are at a relatively early stage as compared to other 
products and they have a relatively immature supply chain. Therefore, it is difficult to project the success of 
the applications that use LCOS microdisplay products. 

We also believe there are new market opportunities for our CMOS image sensors. Although it seems 
relatively challenging for us to gain significant market share in conventional RGB camera, we do think 
there are various interesting and different applications in imaging. On top of our legacy products in laptop 
and multimedia, we’ve developed two technologies for computer vision, i.e., near infrared (“NIR”) sensor 
and Always-on-Sensor  (“AoS”).  NIR  sensor  is  a  building  stone  for  passive  as  well  as  active  computer 
vision system. With the special design in pixel architecture and materials, our NIR sensor provides industry 
leading  Quantum  Efficiency  (“QE”)  to  absorb  NIR  signal. AoS,  on  the  other  hand,  is  a  specific  sensor 
which consumes only several micro watts to do people detection, eye ball tracking, and other cool features. 
New sensor architectures, readout, pixel, and the corresponding slim algorithms are integrated together to 
contribute the always-on feature. Himax is the industry leader in these two new technologies. Given that 
the two new exciting product lines just hit the market, it’s still quite new to the industry. To build up the 
competition barrier, we have also devoted ourselves and pour a lot of resources into making the product lines 
more mature. As a result, these two new products take time to bear some fruits.

Moreover, we continue to participate in most of the smartphone OEMs’ ongoing 3D sensing projects 
covering structured light and time-of-flight (ToF). However, in 2018, our structured light-based 3D sensing 
solution targeting Android smartphone’s front-facing application was unsuccessful due to high hardware 
cost of 3D sensing, the long development lead time required to integrate it into the smartphone and the lack 
of killer applications which is limited to phone unlock and online payment. Instead of 3D sensing, most of 
the Android phone makers have chosen the lower cost finger print technology which can achieve similar 
phone unlock and online payment functions with somewhat compromised user experience. Since 2019, we 
are seeing increasing ToF adoption by smartphone makers for world-facing cameras to enable advanced 
photography,  distance/dimension  measurement  and  3D  depth  information  generation  for AR. We  have 
been actively working with an industry leading ToF 3D camera vendor to develop a new and advanced ToF 
solution, targeting Android smartphones. Leveraging on our WLO technology, we have made great progress 
providing the partner with spot projector for their reference design which will be ready for leading Android 
smartphone makers’ evaluation as soon as first quarter of 2020.

We  reported  at  second  quarter  of  2019  earnings  call  on August  7,  2019,  we  have  also  adjusted  our 
structured light-based 3D sensing technology development to focus on applications for non-smartphone 
segments which are typically less sensitive to cost and always require a total solution.

Our non-smartphone 3D-sensing engagements have focused on smart door lock and industrial automation 
segments where we provide structured light-based 3D sensing total solution. We have been collaborating 
closely with two main types of partners: those with industry-leading expertise in facial recognition algorithm 
and those offering application processors with strong AI capability. We have started design-in projects with 
several smart door lock end customers. Separately, we are working with partners who wish to take advantage 
of our 3D sensing know-how to automate traditional manufacturing to improve efficiency and reducing cost. 
One market opportunity we are pursuing is shoe factory automation. The prototypes of 3D sensing enabled 
automatic robotic cementing system are available now for production optimization testing. 

14

 Our WiseEye solution contains Himax’s industry leading CMOS image sensor and ASIC designs with 
Emza’s AI-based algorithm. All with low power features. WiseEye will enable next generation AI-based 
computer  vision  technology  with  ultra-low  power  for  notebook  and  many  other  markets. Additionally, 
our new product WiseEye WE-I plus, as an edge AI computing platform solution, is aggressively joining 
this edge computing ecosystem by closely working with machine learning framework provider, tool chain 
developers, AI algorithm developers and OEM/ODM to provide flexible and cost-effective solutions to fulfill 
this booming but diversified market. 

Developing  and  commercializing  each  of  our  non-driver  products  requires  a  significant  amount  of 
management,  engineering  and  monetary  resources.  For  example,  we  have  established  certain  in-house 
facilities  for  key  manufacturing  processes  of  our  non-driver  products  including  LCOS  microdisplay 
solutions, wafer-level optics and active alignment for 3D sensing. If we are unable to efficiently ramp up 
our production facilities or lack of customers’ demand, the lower capacity utilization rate will negatively 
affect our gross margin and our results of operations. Moreover, we will be subject to ramp-up expenses in 
the early stage of mass production of our non-driver products. Numerous uncertainties exist in developing 
new products and we cannot assure you that we will be able to develop our non-driver products successfully. 
We  may  underestimate  the  amount  of  capital,  personnel  and  other  resources  required  to  develop  and 
commercialize  our  non-driver  products,  which  may  affect  the  success  of  our  growth  strategy. We  may 
also overestimate the market potential of the end products that are utilizing or will utilize our non-driver 
products, which may negatively impact our strategy for the development of non-driver products. In addition, 
if we are unsuccessful in expanding our product offerings to non-driver products, it may negatively affect 
our reputation and the status of our brand in our other markets. The failure or delay in the development, 
production or commercialization of any of our non-driver products, the occurrence of any product defects or 
design flaws, or the low market acceptance of or demand for either of our products or the end devices using 
our products may adversely affect our results of operations and growth prospects.

The concentration of our accounts receivable and the extension of payment terms for certain of our 
customers exposes us to increased credit risk and could harm our operating results and cash flows.

As of December 31, 2019, our accounts receivable from Customer A and its affiliates were $62.1 million, 
which represented approximately 37.7% of our accounts receivable, net. The concentration of our accounts 
receivable exposes us to increased credit risk. Moreover, we have at times agreed to extend the payment 
terms for certain of our customers. Other customers have also requested extensions of payment terms. We 
may also agree to grant such requests for the extension of payment terms in the future. As a result, a default 
by any such customer, a prolonged delay in the payment of accounts receivable or the extension of payment 
terms for our customers could adversely affect our cash flow, liquidity and our operating results.

Our customers may experience a decline in profitability or may not be profitable at all, which could adversely
affect our results of operations and financial condition.

The TFT-LCD  panel  industry  is  highly  competitive. TFT-LCD  panel  manufacturers,  including  our 
customers, experience significant pressure on prices and profit margins, due largely to growing industry 
capacity  and  fluctuations  in  demand  for TFT-LCD  panels.  Some TFT-LCD  panel  manufacturers  have 
greater access to capital or greater production, research and development, intellectual property, marketing or 
other resources than our customers, who may not be able to compete successfully and sustain their market 
positions. In addition, our customers’ business performance may fluctuate significantly due to a number of 
factors, many of which are beyond their control, including: 

•  consumer demand and the general economic conditions;

• 

the cyclical nature of both the TFT-LCD industry, including fluctuations in average selling prices, 
and its downstream industries;

15

 
 
• 

the speed at which TFT-LCD panel manufacturers expand production capacity;

•  brand companies’ continued needs for original equipment manufacturing services provided by TFT-
  LCD panel manufacturers;

•  access to raw materials, components, equipment and utilities on a timely and economical basis; 

• 

• 

technological changes;

the rescheduling and cancellation of large orders;

•  access to funding on satisfactory terms; and

•  fluctuations in the currencies of TFT-LCD panels exporting countries against the U.S. dollar.

Our customers continued to operate in a challenging business environment and may experience a decline 
in profitability or may not be profitable at all. In addition, the aggressive expansion plans for next generation 
fabs in China proposed by several TFT-LCD panel manufacturers might significantly increase the output of 
TFT-LCD panels if all of the plans are implemented in the next few years, which could result in a decline in 
the average selling prices of TFT-LCD panels. In addition, the antitrust lawsuits in the U.S. and the European 
Union against several TFT-LCD panel manufacturers have materially and adversely affected the profitability 
of certain of our customers, which could, in turn, adversely affect our profit margin, significantly reduce our 
profits and materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We depend on sales of display drivers used in TFT-LCD panels, and the limited potential for further growth in 
both the market size of display drivers and the market share of our display drivers or the absence of continued
market acceptance of our display drivers could limit our growth in revenues or harm our business.

In 2018 and 2019, we derived 81.0% and 81.1% of our revenues, respectively, from the sale of display 
drivers used for large-sized applications, mobile handset applications and consumer electronics applications, 
and we expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our revenues from these or related products. 
As the display driver industry and our display driver business are relatively mature, there may be limited 
potential for the overall display drivers market to grow and for us to further grow our market share, which 
could limit our future growth in revenues.

Failure to grow our unit shipments for display drivers, coupled with a general decline in the average 
selling prices, could adversely and materially affect our results of operations. See also “—Risks Relating 
to Our Industry—The average selling prices of our products could decrease rapidly, which may negatively 
impact our revenues and operating results.” We expect to continue deriving a substantial portion of our 
revenues from the sale of display drivers. Therefore, the continued market acceptance of our display drivers 
is critical to our future success. Failure to grow or maintain our revenues generated from the sales of display 
drivers could adversely and materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Technological innovation may reduce the number of display drivers typically required for each panel, 
thereby reducing the number of display drivers we are able to sell per panel. If such a reduction in 
demand is not offset by the general growth of the industry, growth in our market share or an increase in 
our average selling prices, our revenues may decline.

With the high penetration rate of smartphones, growth of the market has been slowing down in the past 
years. LCD display and its driver IC in smartphone application is getting more commoditized with lower 
ASP. Meanwhile, addressable market size of conventional smartphone DDIC is eroded quickly by AMOLED 
and in-cell TDDIs, which used to be emerging technologies but have ramped up with significant adoption 
rate. Being one of the leading DDIC suppliers, Himax also has been devoted to development activities for 
AMOLED DDIC and in-cell TDDIs. Himax TDDI for smartphone has gone through the learning curve 
since  2016  and  have  doubled  in  2019.  However,  the AMOLED  for  smartphone  keep  penetrating  from 

16

 
 
 
 
 
high-end  to  mid-end  market  to  compete  in-cell  LCD  with TDDI. The  smartphone  market  continues  to 
embrace new technologies and are moving toward higher frame rate displays to enable smoother screen 
viewing and gaming  experience. This  will drive the adoption of next generation high frame rate TDDI 
solutions,  for  which  Himax  is  a  leading  technology  provider. Also,  industry  research  indicates  that  the 
demand for 5G in China is expected to drive worldwide smartphone growth in 2020 which will in turn 
stimulate the growth for TDDI. All these trends will benefit Himax.

AMOLED display and related DDICs have been dominated by Korean companies. The marketplace is 
increasing utilization of the OLED display for smartphone. This is due to expanded AMOLED capacity as 
well as increased demand for under-display fingerprint technology that is only available in the AMOLED 
display for the time being. We are encouraged by the progress we have made, collaborating closely with 
leading panel makers across China for AMOLED product development. We believe AMOLED driver ICs 
will soon become one of the major growth engines for our small panel driver IC business. 

Except for certain small-sized panels, multiple display drivers are typically required for each panel to 
function. In order to reduce costs, TFT-LCD panel manufacturers generally seek to have display drivers 
with higher channel counts and new panel designs to reduce the number of display drivers required for each 
panel. We have been developing such innovative and cost-effective display driver solutions in order to grow 
our market share, attract additional customers, increase our average selling prices and capture new design 
wins. However, we cannot assure you that we will successfully achieve these goals. If we fail to do so and 
the number of display drivers typically required per panel decreases thereby reducing our unit shipments, our 
revenues may decline. TFT-LCD panel manufacturers have developed several panel designs to reduce the 
usage of display drivers, including gate in panel, or GIP, amorphous silicon gate, or ASG, or simply gateless 
designs, which integrate the gate driver function onto the glass and eliminate the need for gate drivers, as well 
as dual gate and triple gate panel designs, which would largely reduce the usage of source drivers. If such 
designs or technologies become widely adopted, demand for our display drivers may decrease significantly, 
which would adversely and materially affect our results of operations.

We  face  numerous  challenges  relating  to  our  growth.  If  we  are  no  longer  able  to  keep  our 
competitiveness to maintain current market share or to gain market share in new product segments, our 
revenues and profit may decline.

The scope and complexity of our business has grown significantly since our inception. Our growth has 
placed, and will continue to place, a strain on our management, personnel, systems and resources. If we are 
unable to manage our growth effectively, we may not be able to take advantage of market opportunities, 
execute our business plan or respond to competitive pressures. To successfully manage our growth, we 
believe we must effectively:

•  hire, train, integrate, retain and manage additional qualified engineers, senior managers, sales and
  marketing personnel, and information technology personnel;

• 

implement additional, and improve existing, administrative and operations systems, procedures and 
controls;

•  expand our accounting and internal audit team, including hiring additional personnel with IFRS and  

internal control expertise;

•  continue to expand and upgrade our design and product development capabilities;

•  manage multiple relationships with semiconductor manufacturing service providers, customers, 

suppliers and certain other third parties; and

•     continue to develop and commercialize non-driver products, including, among others, timing controllers,
      touch controller ICs, LCOS and MEMS microdisplays, power management ICs, CMOS image sensors,
      wafer level optics (WLO) products, 3D sensing solution and ultra-low power smart sensing.

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Moreover, if our allocation of resources does not correspond with future demand for particular products, 
we could miss market opportunities, and our business and financial results could be materially and adversely 
affected. Therefore, we cannot assure you that we will be able to manage our growth effectively in the future.

Our quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to predict, and if we do not meet quarterly 
financial expectations, our ADS price will likely decline.

Our quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to predict. They have fluctuated in the past from 
quarter to quarter and may continue to do so in the future. Our operating results may in some quarters fall 
below market expectations, likely causing our ADS price to decline. Our quarterly revenues and operating 
results may fluctuate because of many factors, including:

•  our ability to accurately forecast shipments, average selling prices, cost of revenues, operating expenses, 
      non-operating income/loss, foreign currency exchange rates, and effective income tax rates;

•  our ability to transfer any increase in unit costs to our customers;

•  our ability to accurately perform various tests, estimations and projections, including with respect to the
      write-down on slow or obsolete inventories, the impairment of non-financial assets, the collectability of
      accounts receivable, and the realization of deferred tax assets;

•  our ability to successfully design, develop and introduce new or enhanced products acceptable to our 
      customers in a timely manner;

•  changes in the relative mix in the unit shipments of our products, which may have significantly different
      average selling prices and cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues;

•  our ability to efficiently ramp-up in-house manufacturing facilities;

•  changes in share-based compensation;

• 

the loss of one or more of our key customers;

•  decreases in the average selling prices of our products;

•  our accumulation and write-down of inventory;

• 

• 

• 

the relative unpredictability in the volume and timing of customer orders;

shortages of other components used in the manufacture of TFT-LCD panels;

the risk of cancellation or deferral of customer orders in anticipation of our new products or product 
enhancements, or due to a reduction in demand of our customers’ end product; 

•  changes in our payment terms with our customers and our suppliers; 

•  our ability to negotiate favorable prices with customers and suppliers;

•  changes in the available capacity of semiconductor manufacturing service providers;

• 

• 

the rate at which new markets emerge for new products under development;

the evolution of industry standards and technologies;

•  product obsolescence and our ability to manage product transitions;

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

increase in cost of revenues due to inflation;

•  our involvement in litigation or other types of disputes;

•  changes in general economic conditions, especially the impact of the global financial crisis on 
      economic growth and consumer spending, and the unease in the Middle East; 

•  changes our transfer pricing policy and applicable income tax regulations; and 

•  natural disasters, particularly earthquakes and typhoons, or outbreaks of disease affecting countries 
      where we conduct our business or where our products are manufactured, assembled or tested.

The factors listed above are difficult to foresee, and along with other factors, could seriously harm our 
business. We anticipate the rate of new orders may vary significantly from quarter to quarter. Our operating 
expenses and inventory levels are based on our expectations of future revenues, and our operating expenses 
are relatively fixed in the short term. Consequently, if anticipated sales and shipments in any quarter do 
not occur as expected, operating expenses and inventory levels could be disproportionately high, and our 
operating results for that quarter and, potentially, future quarters may be negatively impacted. Any shortfall 
in  our  revenues  would  directly  impact  our  business.  Our  operating  results  are  volatile  and  difficult  to 
predict; therefore, you should not rely on the operating results of any one quarter as indicative of our future 
performance. Our operating results in future quarters may fall below the expectations of securities analysts 
and investors. In this event, our ADS price may decline significantly.

The strategic relationships between certain of our competitors and their customers and the development 
of in-house capabilities by TFT-LCD panel manufacturers may limit our ability to expand our customer 
base and our growth prospects.

Certain of our competitors have established or may establish strategic or strong relationships with TFT-
LCD panel manufacturers that are also our existing or potential customers. Marketing our display drivers to 
such TFT-LCD panel manufacturers that have established relationships with our competitors may be difficult. 
Moreover, several TFT-LCD panel manufacturers have in-house design capabilities and therefore may not 
need to source semiconductor products from us. If our customers successfully develop in-house capabilities 
to design and develop semiconductors that can substitute for our products, they would likely reduce or 
stop purchasing our products. In addition, we also face challenges in attracting new customers for our new 
products. To  sell  new  products,  we  will  likely  need  to  target  new  market  segments  and  new  customers 
with whom we do not have current relationships, which may require different strategies and may present 
difficulties that we have not encountered before. Therefore, failure to broaden our customer base and attract 
new customers may limit our growth prospects.

We depend primarily on nine foundries to manufacture our wafers, and any failure to obtain sufficient 
foundry capacity or loss of any of the foundries we use could significantly delay our ability to ship our 
products, causing us to lose revenues and damage our customer relationships.

Access to foundry capacity is crucial to our business because we do not manufacture our own wafers, 
instead  relying  primarily  on  nine  third-party  foundries. The  ability  of  a  foundry  to  manufacture  our 
semiconductor products is limited by its available capacity. Access to capacity is especially important due to 
the limited availability of the high-voltage CMOS process technology required for the manufacture of wafers 
used in display drivers. Moreover, Japanese integrated device manufacturer companies may outsource their 
semiconductor manufacturing to foundries outside Japan. This could result in tightness in the foundry supply 
available to us and affect our ability to acquire sufficient capacity. As we currently do not have any long-
term supply arrangements with any third-party foundries to guarantee us access to a certain level of foundry 
capacity, if the primary third-party foundries that we rely upon are not able to meet our required capacity, or 
if our business relationships with these foundries are adversely affected, we would not be able to obtain the 
required capacity from these foundries to meet any increasing demand for our products and would have to 
seek alternative foundries, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or which 

19

 
 
may expose us to risks associated with qualifying new foundries, as further discussed below. Our results of 
operations and business prospects could be adversely affected as a result of the foregoing.

We place wafer orders on the basis of our customers’ purchase orders and sales forecasts; however, any 
of the foundries we use can allocate capacity to other foundry customers and reduce deliveries to us on short 
notice. It could be that other foundry customers are larger and better financed than we are or have supply 
agreements or better relationships with the foundries we use and could induce these foundries to reallocate 
our capacity to them. The loss of any of the foundries we use or any shortfall in available foundry capacity 
could impair our ability to secure processed wafers, which could significantly delay our ability to ship our 
products, causing a loss of revenues and damages to our customer relationships.

Although we use several foundries for different semiconductor products, certain of our products are 
manufactured at only one of these foundries. If any one of the foundries that we use for a specific product 
is unable to provide us with our required capacity, does not deliver in a timely manner, or the quality or 
pricing  terms  are  not  acceptable  to  us,  we  could  experience  significant  delays  in  receiving  the  product 
being manufactured for us by that foundry or incur additional costs to obtain substitutes. Also, if any of the 
foundries that we use experience financial difficulties or insolvency risks due to the impact of the global 
economic turmoil or any company-specific reasons or otherwise, if their operations are damaged or if there 
is any other disruption of their foundry operations, we may not be able to qualify an alternative foundry in 
a timely manner. If we choose to use a new foundry or process technology for a particular semiconductor 
product, we believe that it will take us several quarters to qualify the new foundry or process before we can 
begin shipping such products. If we cannot qualify a new foundry in a timely manner, we may experience a 
significant interruption in our supply of the affected products, which could reduce our revenues, increase our 
costs and expenses, and damage our customer relationships.

The fluctuations in the prices of certain metals, chemicals and gasoline and the volatility of foreign 
exchange rates may have increased costs for foundries and semiconductor service providers. This increase in 
costs could limit their ability to continue to make the research and development investments needed to keep 
up with technological advances. Any increase in costs for foundries and semiconductor service providers we 
use could lead to an increase in our unit costs or could limit our ability to lower our unit costs. We cannot 
assure you that we will be able to continue to reduce our costs and maintain our profit margins.

Taiwan  Semiconductor  Manufacturing  Company  Limited,  or TSMC,  and Vanguard  International 
Semiconductor Corporation, or Vanguard, historically manufactured substantially all of our wafers in the 
early years since our inception. In order to diversify our foundry sources, we have also used Macronix 
International Co., Ltd., or Macronix, Nexchip Semiconductor Corporation, or Nexchip Globalfoundries 
Singapore Pte., Ltd. (formerly Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing Ltd.), or Globalfoundries Singapore, 
United  Microelectronics  Corporation,  or  UMC,  Powerchip  Semiconductor  Manufacturing  Company,  or 
PSMC,  Semiconductor  Manufacturing  International  Corporation,  or  SMIC,  and  SK  hynix  system  ic  or 
SKHYSI to manufacture a portion of our products. As a result of outsourcing the manufacturing of our 
wafers, we face several significant risks, including:

• 

• 

• 

failure to secure necessary manufacturing capacity, or being able to obtain required capacity only at 
higher costs;

risks of our proprietary information leaking to our competitors through the foundries we use;

limited control over delivery schedules, quality assurance and control, manufacturing yields and 
production costs;

• 

the unavailability of, or potential delays in obtaining access to, key process technologies; and

•  financial risks of certain of our foundry suppliers, including those that are owned by ailing dynamic  

random access memory, or DRAM, companies.

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, in order to manufacture our display drivers used in TFT-LCD panels, we require foundries 
with  high-voltage  manufacturing  process  capacity.  Of  the  limited  number  of  foundries  that  offer  this 
capability, some are owned by integrated device manufacturers which are also our competitors. As a result, 
our dependence on high-voltage foundries presents the following additional risks:

•   potential capacity constraints faced by the limited number of high-voltage foundries and the lack of 

investment in new and existing high-voltage foundries;

•   difficulty in attaining consistently high manufacturing yields from high-voltage foundries;

•   delay and time required (approximately one year) to qualify and ramp up production at new high-

voltage foundries; and

•   price increases.

As  a  result  of  these  risks,  we  may  be  required  to  use  foundries  with  which  we  have  no  established 
relationships, which could expose us to potentially unfavorable pricing, unsatisfactory quality or insufficient 
capacity allocation. Moreover, the scarcity and importance of high-voltage foundry capacity may necessitate 
us making investments in foundries in order to secure capacity, which would require us to substantially 
increase  our  capital  outlays  and  possibly  raise  additional  capital,  which  may  not  be  available  to  us  on 
satisfactory terms, if at all.

Shortages  of  processed  tape  used  in  the  manufacturing  of  our  products,  increased  costs  of 
manufacturing such tape, or the loss of one of our suppliers of such tape may increase our costs or limit 
our revenues and impair our ability to ship our products on time.

There are a limited number of companies which supply the processed tape used to manufacture our 
semiconductor products, and we do not have binding long-term supply arrangements with processed tape 
suppliers  that  would  guarantee  us  access  to  processed  tape. Therefore,  from  time  to  time,  shortages  of 
such processed tape may occur. If any of the processed tape suppliers we rely upon experience difficulties 
in delivering processed tape or are unable to meet the prices, quality or services that we require, or if our 
business relationships with these suppliers weaken or deteriorate, we may not be able to locate alternative 
sources  in  a  timely  manner. Therefore,  if  shortages  of  processed  tape  were  to  occur,  or  if  the  costs  of 
manufacturing such tape increases, we would incur additional costs or be unable to ship our products to 
our customers in a timely fashion, all of which could harm our business and our customer relationships and 
negatively impact our earnings. As a result of these risks, we may also be required to use processed tape 
suppliers with which we have no established relationships, which could expose us to potentially unfavorable 
pricing, unsatisfactory quality or insufficient capacity allocation. Moreover, the scarcity and importance of 
processed tape may necessitate us making investments in processed tape suppliers in order to secure adequate 
supply, which would require us to substantially increase our capital outlays and possibly raise additional 
capital, which may not be available to us on satisfactory terms, if at all. 

The loss of, or our inability to secure sufficient capacity from, any of our third-party assembly and 
testing houses at reasonable and competitive prices could disrupt our shipments, harm our customer 
relationships and reduce our sales.

Access to third-party assembly and testing capacity is critical to our business because we do not have 
in-house assembly and testing capabilities for commercial production and instead rely on third-party service 
providers. Access to these services is especially important to our business because display drivers require 
specialized assembly and testing services. A limited number of third-party assembly and testing houses 
assemble and test substantially all of our current products. There has been an increased level of industry 
consolidation among our suppliers in recent years. Therefore, suppliers could be in a better position to 
bargain for higher prices for their services and products, which could result in an increase in our average unit 
cost. See also “—Our suppliers may have increasing bargaining power as a result of industry consolidation, 
which could result in an increase in our average unit cost and a decrease in our profit margin.” We do not 
have binding long-term supply arrangements with assembly and testing service providers that guarantee 
us access to our required capacity. If the primary assembly and testing service providers that we rely upon 

21

 
 
 
 
are not able to meet our requirements in price, quality, and service, or if our business relationships with 
these service providers were adversely affected, we would not be able to obtain the required capacity from 
such providers and would have to seek alternative providers, which may not be available on commercially 
reasonable terms, or at all. As a result, we do not directly control our product delivery schedules, assembly 
and testing costs, and quality assurance and control. If any of these third-party assembly and testing houses 
experiences capacity constraints, financial difficulties, suffers any damage to its facilities or if there is any 
disruption of its assembly and testing capacity, we may not be able to obtain alternative assembly and testing 
services in a timely manner. Because of the amount of time we usually take to qualify assembly and testing 
houses, we may experience significant delays in product shipments if we are required to find alternative 
sources. Any problems that we may encounter with the delivery, quality or cost of our products could damage 
our reputation and result in a loss of customers and orders. 

As a result of these risks, we may be required to use assembly and testing service providers with which 
we have no established relationships, which could expose us to potentially unfavorable pricing, unsatisfactory 
quality or insufficient capacity allocation. Moreover, the scarcity and importance of assembly and testing 
services may necessitate us making investments in assembly and testing service providers in order to secure 
capacity, which would require us to substantially increase our capital outlays and possibly raise additional 
capital, which may not be available to us on satisfactory terms, if at all.

Shortages of key components for our customers’ products could decrease demand for our products.

Shortages of components and other materials that are critical to the design and manufacture of our 
customers’ products may limit our sales. These components and other materials include, but are not limited 
to,  color  filters,  backlight  modules,  polarizers,  printed  circuit  boards  and  glass  substrates.  In  the  past, 
companies  that  use  our  products  in  their  production  have  experienced  delays  in  the  availability  of  key 
components from other suppliers. In addition, component manufacturers may not be able to increase or 
maintain their component supply because of labor shortage in China or otherwise and may shut down certain 
of their capacity from time to time because of weak demand, which may increase the instability of timely 
delivery and the risk of shortage of components. Such shortages of components and other materials critical to 
the design and manufacture of our customers’ products may cause a slowdown in demand for our products, 
resulting in a decrease in our sales and adversely affecting our results of operations. In addition, as a result 
of uncertain demand conditions, our customers may hesitate to build inventory on hand and tend to release 
orders on short notice.

We rely on the services of our key personnel, and if we are unable to retain our current key personnel 
and hire additional personnel, our ability to design, develop and successfully market our products could 
be harmed.

We rely upon the continued service and performance of a relatively small number of key personnel, 
including certain engineering, technical and senior management personnel. In particular, our engineers and 
other key technical personnel are critical to our future technological and product innovations. Competition 
for highly skilled engineers and other key technical personnel is intense in the semiconductor industry in 
general and in Taiwan’s flat panel semiconductor industry in particular. Moreover, our future success depends 
on the expansion of our senior management team and the retention of key employees such as Jordan Wu, our 
president and chief executive officer, and Dr. Biing-Seng Wu, our chairman. We rely on these individuals to 
manage our company, develop and execute our business strategies, and manage our relationships with key 
suppliers and customers. Any of our key employees could leave our company with little or no prior notice. 
They could also leave our company to work with a competitor. In addition, we do not have “key person” life 
insurance policies covering any of our employees. The loss of any key personnel or our inability to attract 
or retain qualified personnel, whether engineers or others, could delay the development and introduction of 
new products and would have an adverse effect on our ability to sell our products as well as on our overall 
business and growth prospects. We may also incur increased operating expenses and be required to divert 
the attention of other senior executives away from their original duties to recruiting replacements for key 
personnel.

22

 
If we fail to forecast customer demand accurately, we may have excess or insufficient inventory, which 
may increase our operating costs and harm our business.

The  lead  time  required  by  the  semiconductor  manufacturing  service  providers  that  we  use  to 
manufacture our products is typically longer than the lead time that our customers provide for delivery of 
our products to them. Therefore, to ensure availability of our products for our customers, we will typically 
ask  our  semiconductor  manufacturing  service  providers  to  start  manufacturing  our  products  based  on 
forecasts provided by our customers in advance of receiving their purchase orders. However, these forecasts 
are not binding purchase commitments, and we do not recognize revenues from these products until they 
are delivered to customers. Moreover, for the convenience of our customers, we may agree to ship our 
inventory to warehouses located near our customers, so that our products can be delivered to these customers 
more quickly. We may from time to time agree that control over a product do not to our customer until the 
customer requests delivery of our products from such warehouses. In such cases, we will not recognize 
revenues from these products until the control over a product to our customers based on the shipping terms, 
which is generally when they are delivered to our customers from these warehouses. As a result, we incur 
inventory and manufacturing costs in advance of anticipated revenues. 

The  anticipated  demand  for  our  products  may  not  materialize;  therefore,  manufacturing  based  on 
customer forecasts exposes us to risks of high inventory carrying costs, increased product obsolescence, and 
erosion of the products’ market value. For example, some of our customers might overstate their forecasts 
because of concerns that their semiconductor suppliers cannot deliver on their rush orders. If we overestimate 
demand for our products or if purchase orders are cancelled or shipments delayed, we may incur excess 
inventory that we cannot sell, or may have to sell at low profit margins or even at a loss, which would harm 
our financial results. Conversely, if we underestimate demand, we may not have sufficient inventory and 
may lose market share and damage customer relationships, which also could harm our business. Obtaining 
additional supply in the face of product shortages may be costly or impossible, particularly in the short term, 
which could prevent us from fulfilling orders. These inventory risks are exacerbated by the high level of 
customization of our products, which limits our ability to sell excess inventory to other customers, which 
could eventually lead to write-down of these excess inventory.

If we do not achieve additional design wins in the future, our ability to grow will be limited.

Our  future  success  depends  on  our  current  and  prospective  customers  designing  our  products  into 
their products. To achieve design wins, we must design and deliver cost-effective, innovative, reliable and 
integrated products that are customized for our customers’ needs. Once a supplier’s products have been 
designed into a system, the panel manufacturer may be reluctant to change its source of components due to 
the significant costs and time associated with qualifying a new supplier. Accordingly, our failure to obtain 
additional design wins with panel manufacturers and to successfully design, develop and introduce new 
products and product enhancements could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

A design win is not a binding commitment by a customer to purchase our products and may not result in 
large volume orders of our products. Rather, it is a decision by a customer to use our products in the design 
process of that customer’s products. Customers can choose at any time to stop using our products in their 
designs or product development efforts. Moreover, even if our products were chosen to be incorporated into 
a customer’s products, our ability to generate significant revenues from that customer would depend on the 
commercial success of those products. Thus, a design win may not necessarily generate significant revenues 
if our customers’ products are not commercially successful.

Our products are complex and may require modifications to resolve undetected errors or failures in 
order for them to function with panels at the desired specifications, which could lead to higher costs, 
customer dispute, a loss of customers or a delay in market acceptance of our products.

Our products are highly complex and may contain undetected errors or failures when first introduced or 
as new versions are released. If our products are delivered with errors or defects, we could incur additional 
development, repair or replacement costs, and our credibility and the market acceptance of our products 

23

 
 
 
could be harmed. Defects could also lead to liability for defective products, customer dispute and lawsuits 
against us or our customers. We have agreed to indemnify some of our customers under some circumstances 
against liability from defects in our products. A successful product liability claim could require us to make 
significant damage payments.

Our display drivers comprise part of a complex panel manufactured by our customers. Our display 
drivers must operate according to specifications with the other components used by our customers in the 
panel manufacturing process. For example, during the panel manufacturing process, our display drivers are 
attached to the panel glass and must interoperate with the glass efficiently. If other components fail to operate 
efficiently with our display drivers, we may be required to incur additional development time and costs to 
improve the interoperability of our display drivers with the other components.

Our highly integrated products are difficult to manufacture without defects. The existence of defects in 
our products could increase our costs, decrease our sales and damage our customer relationships and 
our reputation.

The  manufacture  of  our  products  is  a  complex  process,  and  it  is  often  difficult  for  semiconductor 
foundries to manufacture our products completely without defects. Minor deviations in the manufacturing 
process can cause substantial decreases in yield and quality. In particular, some of our products are highly 
integrated and incorporate mixed analog and digital signal processing and embedded memory technology, 
and this complexity makes it even more difficult to manufacture without defects.

The  ability  to  manufacture  products  of  acceptable  quality  depends  on  both  product  design  and 
manufacturing  process  technology.  Defective  products  can  be  caused  by  design,  defective  materials  or 
component parts, or manufacturing difficulties. Thus, quality problems can be identified only by analyzing 
and testing our display drivers in a system after they have been manufactured. The difficulty in identifying 
defects is compounded by the uniqueness of the process technology used in each of the semiconductor 
foundries with which we have subcontracted to manufacture our products. Difficulties in achieving defect-
free products due to the increasing complexity of display drivers and the panel system surrounding them may 
result in an increase in our costs and expenses, and delays in the availability of our products. In addition, 
if the foundries that we use fail to deliver products of satisfactory quality in the volume and at the price 
required, we will be unable to meet our customers’ demand for our products or to sell those products at an 
acceptable profit margin, which could adversely affect our sales and margins, and damage our customer 
relationships and our reputation.

We do not have long-term purchase commitments from our customers, which may result in significant 
uncertainty and volatility with respect to our revenues and could materially and adversely affect our 
results of operations and financial condition.

We do not have long-term purchase commitments from our customers; our sales are made on the basis of 
individual purchase orders. Our customers may also cancel or defer purchase orders. Our customers’ purchase 
orders may vary significantly from period to period, and it is difficult to forecast future order quantities. In 
the event of a cancellation, postponement, or reduction of an order, we would likely not be able to reduce 
operating expenses sufficiently so as to minimize the impact of the lost revenues. Alternatively, we may have 
excess inventory that we cannot sell, which would harm our operating results. In addition, changes in our 
customers’ business may adversely affect the quantity of purchase orders that we receive. In the past, some of 
our customers have also significantly lowered their capacity utilization rates, reduced or canceled their orders 
of our products, and requested higher-than-usual price concessions from us. We cannot assure you that any of 
our customers will continue to place orders with us in the future at the same level as in prior periods. We also 
cannot assure you that the volume of our customers’ orders will be consistent with our expectations when we 
plan our expenditures. Our results of operations and financial condition may thus be materially and adversely 
affected.

Our corporate actions are substantially controlled by officers, directors and affiliated entities who may 
take actions that are not in, or may conflict with, our or our public shareholders’ interests.

24

 
 As of February 29, 2020, Jordan Wu and Dr. Biing-Seng Wu (who are brothers) beneficially owned 
approximately 2.1% and 21.7% of our ordinary shares, respectively. For information relating to the beneficial 
ownership of our ordinary shares, see “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—
Major Shareholders.” These shareholders, acting together, could exert substantial influence over matters 
requiring approval by our shareholders, including electing directors and approving mergers or other business 
combination transactions. This concentration of ownership may also discourage, delay or prevent a change 
in control of our company, which could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for 
their shares as part of a sale of our company and might reduce the price of our ADSs. Actions may be taken 
even if they were opposed by our other shareholders.

Assertions against us by third parties for infringement of their intellectual property rights could result 
in significant costs and cause our operating results to suffer.

The semiconductor industry is characterized by vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property 
rights and positions, which results in protracted and expensive litigation for many companies. We have 
received, and expect to continue to receive, notices of infringement of third-party intellectual property rights. 
We may receive claims from various industry participants alleging infringement of their patents, trade secrets 
or other intellectual property rights in the future. Any lawsuit resulting from such allegations could subject 
us to significant liability for damages and invalidate our proprietary rights. These lawsuits, regardless of their 
success, would likely be time-consuming and expensive to resolve and would divert management time and 
attention. Any potential intellectual property litigation also could force us to do one or more of the following:

stop selling products or using technology or manufacturing processes that contain the allegedly infringing

• 
      intellectual property;

•  pay damages to the party claiming infringement;

•  attempt to obtain a license for the relevant intellectual property, which may not be available on   commercially
      reasonable terms or at all; and

 •  attempt to redesign those products that contain the allegedly infringing intellectual property with
      non-infringing intellectual property, which may not be possible.

The outcome of a dispute may result in our need to develop non-infringing technology or enter into 
royalty  or  licensing  agreements. We  have  agreed  to  indemnify  certain  customers  for  certain  claims  of 
infringement arising out of the sale of our products. Any intellectual property litigation could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.

Our ability to compete will be harmed if we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights adequately.

We believe that the protection of our intellectual property rights is, and will continue to be, important 
to the success of our business. We rely primarily on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and 
copyright laws and contractual restrictions to protect our intellectual property. These afford only limited 
protection. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to obtain, 
copy or use information that we regard as proprietary, such as product design and manufacturing process 
expertise. As of February 29, 2020, we and our subsidiaries had 160 U.S. patent applications pending, 112 
Taiwan patent applications pending and 311 patent applications pending in other jurisdictions, including the 
PRC, Japan, Korea and Europe. Our pending patent applications and any future applications may not result 
in issued patents or may not be sufficiently broad to protect our proprietary technologies. Moreover, policing 
any unauthorized use of our products is difficult and costly, and we cannot be certain that the measures which 
we have implemented will prevent misappropriation or unauthorized use of our technologies, particularly in 
foreign jurisdictions where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as the laws of the United 
States. Others may independently develop substantially equivalent intellectual property or otherwise gain 
access to our trade secrets or intellectual property. Our failure to protect our intellectual property effectively 
could harm our business.

25

 
 
We  may  undertake  acquisitions  or  investments  to  expand  our  business  that  may  pose  risks  to  our 
business and dilute the ownership of our existing shareholders, and we may not realize the anticipated 
benefits of these acquisitions or investments.

As part of our growth and product diversification strategy, we will continue to evaluate opportunities to 
acquire or invest in other businesses, intellectual property or technologies that would complement our current 
offerings, expand the breadth of markets we can address or enhance our technical capabilities. For example, 
in February 2018, our subsidiary, Himax IGI Precision Ltd., or Himax IGI, acquired certain advanced nano 
3D masters manufacturing assets and related intellectual property and business from a US-based technology 
company. The  advanced  nano  3D  manufacturing  masters  are  primarily  used  in  imprinting  or  stamping 
replication  process  to  fabricate  devices  such  as  diffractive  optical  element  (DOE),  diffuser,  collimator 
lens and micro lens array. The acquisition brings Himax the very upstream master tooling capability to 
supplement the company’s world leading WLO technology, which is critical in its efforts to offer 3D sensing 
total solutions. In addition, Himax fully acquired Emza Visual Sense Ltd. (“Emza”) in June 2018. Emza is 
an Israel company dedicated to the development of extremely efficient visual sensors that include proprietary 
machine-vision  algorithms  and  specific  architectures  that  enable  always-on  visual  sensing  capabilities, 
achieving orders of magnitude improvement in power consumption, price and form factor. With the full 
acquisition of Emza, Himax will be uniquely positioned for IoT solutions, which require tight integration 
of the critical skills and knowledge of Himax’s CMOS technology and ASIC design with Emza’s computer 
vision algorithms. Himax will be able to enter new markets beyond consumer electronics, such as connected 
homes, smart buildings and security, and extend our reach into new IoT markets with interest in other Himax 
products such as our 3D sensing solutions. We cannot assure you that we will be able to realize the benefits 
we anticipate from acquiring nano 3D master business or Emza. Acquisitions or investments that we have 
completed or potentially may make in the future entail a number of risks that could materially and adversely 
affect our business, operating and financial results, including:

•  problems integrating the acquired operations, technologies or products into our existing business and 

products; 

•   diversion of management’s time and attention from our core business;

•   adverse effects of losses of the acquired target upon our financial condition and results of operations;

•   adverse effects on existing business relationships with customers;

•  

the need for financial resources above our planned investment levels;

•   dilution of share ownership of current shareholders under share swap transactions;

•   failures in realizing anticipated synergies;

•   difficulties in retaining business relationships with suppliers and customers of the acquired company;

•   risks associated with entering markets in which we lack experience;

•   potential loss of key employees of the acquired company;

•   potential write-offs of acquired assets;

•   potential expenses related to the depreciation of tangible assets and amortization of intangible assets; 

and

•   potential impairment charges related to the goodwill acquired.

Our failure to address these risks successfully may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition 

26

 
 
 
 
 
and results of operations. Any such acquisition or investment may require a significant amount of capital 
investment, which would decrease the amount of cash available for working capital or capital expenditures. 
In addition, if we use our equity securities to pay for acquisitions, the value of our ADSs and the underlying 
ordinary shares may be diluted. If we borrow funds to finance acquisitions, such debt instruments may contain 
restrictive covenants that can, among other things, restrict us from distributing dividends.

New regulations related to conflict minerals could increase our costs and limit the supply of certain 
metals used in our products.

As required under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, as amended, 
or the Dodd-Frank Act, in August 2012 the SEC promulgated final rules regarding annual disclosures by 
public companies of their use of certain minerals and metals, known as “conflict minerals,” which are defined 
as cassiterite, columbite-tantalite, gold, wolframite or their derivatives and other minerals determined by the 
U.S. government to be financing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries. These 
new rules will require us to ascertain and disclose the origin of some of the raw materials that we use. Initial 
disclosures were required no later than May 31, 2014, with subsequent disclosures required no later than May 
31 of each following year. There will be costs associated with complying with these disclosure requirements, 
including costs for diligence to determine the sources of conflict minerals used in our products and other 
potential changes to products, processes or sources of supply as a consequence of such verification activities. 
The implementation of these rules and our compliance procedures could adversely affect the sourcing, supply, 
and pricing of materials used in our products. As there may be only a limited number of suppliers offering 
“conflict free” minerals, we cannot be sure that we will be able to obtain necessary “conflict free” minerals from 
such suppliers in sufficient quantities or at competitive prices.

System security risks, data protection breaches or unexpected system outage or failures could impact 
our business.

Our computer systems and networks are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, fires, 
power loss, telecommunications failures, cyber-attacks, computer viruses or other attempts to harm our 
computer system and networks. The reliability and security of our information technology infrastructure and 
software, and our ability to expand and continually update technologies in response to our changing needs 
and cybersecurity threats, is critical to our business. In recent years, there are increasing and evolving risks 
to cybersecurity and privacy, including criminal hackers, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, 
employee  malfeasance  and  human  or  technological  error.  Cyber  attacks  could  result  in  a  loss  of  our 
intellectual property, the release of commercially sensitive information, the misappropriation of confidential 
information of our employees, customers or suppliers and the interruption of our business. Failures to protect 
the privacy of employees, customers or suppliers’ confidential data against breaches of network security 
could result in the loss of existing or potential customers, other financial loss, and damage to our reputation. 
In addition, the cost and operational consequences of responding to breaches and implementing remediation 
measures could be significant. While we seek to annually review and assess our cybersecurity policies and 
procedures to ensure their adequacy and effectiveness, we cannot guarantee that we will not be susceptible 
to new and emerging risks and attacks in the evolving landscape of cybersecurity threats.  As of February 29, 
2020, we had not been aware of any material cyber attacks or incidents that had or would expected to have a 
material adverse effect on our business and operations, nor had we been involved in any legal proceedings or 
regulatory investigations related thereof.

Some of our data centers are located in areas with a risk of major earthquakes. Our data centers are 
also subject to break-ins and sabotage. Our disaster recovery planning cannot account for all eventualities. 
Consequently, the occurrence of a natural disaster or other unanticipated problems at our data centers could 
result in loss of production capabilities and lengthy interruptions in our service, which could harm our 
relationship with our customers and suppliers.

Some  of  our  system  services  are  based  on  public  cloud.  The  cloud  services  are  also  subject  to 
interruption  due  to  cloud  service  provider  unexpected  downtimes,  cyberattacks  or  any  type  of  failure, 
telecommunication failure or other unidentified problems while connecting to cloud. Consequently, cloud 

27

services interruption could result in loss of production capabilities and lengthy interruptions in our service. 
Cloud cybersecurity breach could result in adverse effect on our customers, our employees, our suppliers, our 
reputation, and our business.

Risks Relating to Our Industry

The average selling prices of our products could decrease rapidly, which may negatively impact our 
revenues and operating results.

The price of each semiconductor product typically declines over its product life cycle, reflecting product 
obsolescence, decreased demand as customers shift to more advanced products, decreased unit costs due 
to advanced designs or improved manufacturing yields, and increased competition as more semiconductor 
suppliers are able to offer similar products. We may experience substantial period-to-period fluctuations in 
future operating results if our average selling prices decline. We may reduce the average unit price of our 
products in response to competitive pricing pressures, new product introductions by us or our competitors, 
and other factors. The TFT-LCD panel market is highly cost sensitive, which may result in declining average 
selling  prices  of  the  components  comprising TFT-LCD  panels. We  expect  that  these  factors  will  create 
downward pressure on our average selling prices and operating results. To maintain acceptable operating 
results, we will need to develop and introduce new products and product enhancements on a timely basis 
and continue to reduce our costs. If we are unable to offset any reductions in our average selling prices by 
increasing our sales volumes and corresponding production cost reductions, or if we fail to develop and 
introduce new products and enhancements on a timely basis, our revenues and operating results will suffer.

The  semiconductor  industry,  in  particular  semiconductors  used  in  flat  panel  displays,  is  highly 
competitive, and we cannot assure that we will be able to compete successfully against our competitors.

The  semiconductor  industry,  in  particular  semiconductors  used  in  flat  panel  displays,  is  highly 
competitive. Increased competition may result in pricing pressure, reduced profitability and loss of market 
share, any of which could seriously harm our revenues and results of operations. Competition principally 
occurs at the design stage, where a customer evaluates alternative design solutions that require display 
drivers. We continually face intense competition from fabless display driver companies as well as from 
integrated device manufacturers. Some of our competitors have substantially greater financial and other 
resources  than  we  do  with  which  to  pursue  engineering,  manufacturing,  marketing  and  distribution  of 
their products. As a result, they may be able to respond more quickly to changing customer demands or 
devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sales of their products than we can. Some of 
our competitors have manufacturing capabilities as well as in-house design operations that may give them 
significant advantages such as more research and development resources and the ability to attract highly 
skilled engineers. Furthermore, some of our competitors are affiliated with, or are subsidiaries of, our panel 
manufacturer customers. These relationships may also give our competitors significant advantages such as 
early access to product roadmaps and design-in priorities, which would allow them to respond more quickly 
to changing customer demands and achieve more design-wins than we can. In addition, even competitors 
with no such strategic associations with panel manufacturers may resort to price competition to maintain 
their market share, which may impose pricing pressures on us, reduce our profitability or decrease our market 
share. We cannot assure you that we will be able to increase or maintain our revenues and market share or 
compete successfully against our current or future competitors in the semiconductor industry.

We may be adversely affected by the cyclicality of the semiconductor industry.

The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and is characterized by constant and rapid technological 
change, product obsolescence and price erosion, evolving standards, short product life cycles and wide 
fluctuations in product supply and demand. The semiconductor industry has, from time to time, experienced 
significant  downturns,  often  connected  with,  or  in  anticipation  of,  maturing  product  cycles  of  both 
semiconductor companies’ and their customers’ products and declines in general economic conditions. These 
downturns have been characterized by diminished product demand, production overcapacity, high inventory 
levels and accelerated erosion of average selling prices. Any future downturn may reduce our revenues and 

28

 
result in our having excess inventory. Furthermore, any upturn in the semiconductor industry could result in 
increased competition for access to limited third-party foundry, assembly and testing capacity. Failure to gain 
access to foundry, assembly and testing capacity could impair our ability to secure the supply of products 
that we need, which could significantly delay our ability to ship our products, cause a loss of revenues and 
damage our customer relationships.

We have a lengthy and expensive design-to-mass production cycle.

The cycle time from the design stage to mass production for display drivers is long and requires the 
investment of significant resources with each potential customer without any guarantee of sales. Our design-
to-mass production cycle typically begins with a three to twelve-month semiconductor development stage 
and test period followed by a three to twelve-month end product development period by customers. This 
fairly lengthy cycle creates the risk that we may incur significant expenses but will be unable to realize 
meaningful sales. Moreover, prior to mass production, customers may decide to cancel the projects or change 
production specifications, resulting in sudden changes in our product specifications, further causing increased 
production time and costs. Failure to meet such specifications may delay the launch of our products.

Our business could be materially and adversely affected if we fail to anticipate changes in evolving 
industry standards, fail to achieve and maintain technological leadership in our industry or fail to 
develop and introduce new and enhanced products.

Our products are generally based on industry standards, which are continually evolving. The emergence 
of new industry standards could render our products or those of our customers unmarketable or obsolete and 
may require us to incur substantial unanticipated costs to comply with any such new standards. Likewise, 
the components used in the TFT-LCD panel industry are constantly changing with increased demand for 
improved features. Moreover, our past sales and profitability have resulted, to a significant extent, from our 
ability to anticipate changes in technology and industry standards, and to develop and introduce new and 
enhanced products in a timely fashion. If we do not anticipate these changes in technologies and rapidly 
develop and introduce new and innovative technologies, we may not be able to provide advanced display 
semiconductors on competitive terms, and some of our customers may buy products from our competitors 
instead of from us. Our continued ability to adapt to such changes and anticipate future standards will be a 
significant factor in maintaining or improving our competitive position and our growth prospects. We cannot 
assure you that we will be able to anticipate evolving industry standards, successfully complete the design of 
our new products, have these products manufactured at acceptable manufacturing yields, or obtain significant 
purchase orders for these products to meet new standards or technologies. If we fail to anticipate changes 
in technology and to introduce new products that achieve market acceptance, our business and results of 
operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Risks Relating to Our Holding Company Structure

Our ability to receive dividends and other payments or funds from our subsidiaries may be restricted by 
commercial, statutory and legal restrictions, and thereby materially and adversely affect our ability to 
grow, fund investments, make acquisitions, pay dividends and otherwise fund and conduct our business.

We are a holding company and our assets consist mainly of our 100% ownership interest in Himax 
Taiwan. We receive cash from Himax Taiwan through intercompany borrowings. Himax Taiwan has not 
paid us cash dividends in the past. Nonetheless, dividends and interest on shareholder loans that we receive 
from our subsidiaries in Taiwan, if any, will be subject to withholding tax under ROC law. The ability of 
our subsidiaries to provide us with loans, pay dividends, repay any shareholder loans from us or make other 
distributions to us is restricted by, among other things, the availability of funds, the terms of various credit 
arrangements entered into by our subsidiaries, as well as statutory and other legal restrictions. A Taiwan 
company is generally not permitted to distribute dividends or to make any other distributions to shareholders 
for any year in which it did not have either earnings or retained earnings (excluding reserves). In addition, 
before distributing a dividend to shareholders following the end of a fiscal year, the Taiwan company must 
recover any past losses, pay all outstanding taxes and set aside 10% of its annual profits (less prior years’ 

29

 
 
losses and outstanding taxes) as a legal reserve until the accumulated legal reserve equals its paid-in capital, 
and may set aside a special reserve. Any limitation on dividend payments by our subsidiaries could materially 
and adversely affect our ability to grow, finance capital expenditures, make acquisitions, pay dividends, and 
otherwise fund and conduct our business. In addition, since Himax Taiwan is not a listed company, it will 
depend on us to meet its equity financing requirements in the future. Any capital contribution by us to Himax 
Taiwan may require the approval of the relevant ROC authorities. We may not be able to obtain any such 
approval in the future in a timely manner, or at all. If Himax Taiwan is unable to receive the equity financing 
it requires, its ability to grow and fund its operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Political, Geographical and Economic Risks

Due to the location of our operations in Taiwan, we and many of our semiconductor manufacturing 
service providers, suppliers and customers are vulnerable to natural disasters and other events outside 
of our control, which may seriously disrupt our operations.

Most  of  our  operations,  and  the  operations  of  many  of  our  semiconductor  manufacturing  service 
providers,  suppliers  and  customers  are  located  in Taiwan,  which  is  vulnerable  to  natural  disasters,  in 
particular, earthquakes and typhoons. Our principal foundries and assembly and testing houses upon which 
we have relied to manufacture substantially all of our display drivers are located in Taiwan. In 2019, 19.2% 
of  our  revenues  were  derived  from  customers  headquartered  in Taiwan. As  a  result  of  this  geographic 
concentration, disruption of operations at our facilities or the facilities of our semiconductor manufacturing 
service  providers,  suppliers  and  customers  for  any  reason,  including  work  stoppages,  power  outages, 
water supply shortages, fire, typhoons, earthquakes, contagious diseases or other natural disasters, could 
cause delays in production and shipments of our products. Any delays or disruptions could result in our 
customers seeking to source products from our competitors. Shortages or suspension of power supplies have 
occasionally occurred and have disrupted our operations. The occurrence of a power outage in the future 
could seriously hurt our business.

On February 6, 2016, the 6.4 magnitude earthquake hit the Tainan area. Fortunately, the Company’s 
headquarters and the in-house manufacturing facilities for LCOS and WLO products, both located in Tainan, 
were  little  affected.  Since  most  of  our  operations  and  our  customers  and  suppliers  are  based  mainly  in 
Taiwan, the natural disasters could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

The manufacturing processes of TFT-LCD panels require a substantial amount of water and, as a result, 
the production operations of TFT-LCD panels may be seriously disrupted by water shortages. Our customers 
may encounter droughts in areas where most of their current or future manufacturing sites are located. If a 
drought were to occur and our customers or the authorities were unable to source water from alternative sources 
in sufficient quantities, our customers may be required to shut down temporarily or to substantially reduce the 
operations of their fabs, which would seriously affect demand for our products. The occurrence of any of these 
events in the future could adversely affect our business.

Disruptions in Taiwan’s political environment could negatively affect our business and the market price 
of our ADSs.

Our principal executive offices and a substantial amount of our assets are located in Taiwan, and a 
substantial portion of our revenues is derived from our operations in Taiwan. Accordingly, our business, 
financial condition and results of operations and the market price of our ADSs may be affected by changes in 
ROC governmental policies, taxation, inflation or interest rates, and by social instability and diplomatic and 
social developments in or affecting Taiwan that are outside of our control.

Taiwan has a unique international political status. Since 1949, Taiwan and the PRC have been separately 
governed. The government of the PRC claims that it is the sole government in China and that Taiwan is 
part of China. Although significant economic and cultural relations have been established during recent 
years between Taiwan and the PRC, the PRC government has refused to renounce the possibility that it may 
at some point use force to gain control over Taiwan. Furthermore, the PRC government adopted an anti-

30

 
 
secession law relating to Taiwan. Relations between the ROC and the PRC governments have been strained 
in recent years for a variety of reasons, including the PRC government’s position on the “One China” policy 
and tensions concerning arms sales to Taiwan by the United States government. Any tension between the 
ROC and the PRC, or between the United States and the PRC, could materially and adversely affect the 
market prices of our ADSs.

Our business is sensitive to global economic conditions. A severe or prolonged downturn in the global 
or Taiwan economy could materially and adversely affect our business and our financial condition. 

In recent times, several major systemic political, economic and financial crises negatively affected 
global business, banking and financial sectors. Most recently, since 2018, there have been political and trade 
tensions among a number of the world’s major economies. There is considerable uncertainty over the long-
term effects of the expansionary monetary and fiscal policies that have been adopted by the central banks and 
financial authorities of some of the world’s leading economies. There have also been concerns over unrest in 
the Middle East and Africa, which have resulted in volatility in oil and other markets, and over the possibility 
of a conflict involving Iran. There have also been concerns about the tensions in the relationship between 
China and Japan and about North Korea’s nuclear program. Economic conditions in Taiwan are sensitive 
to global economic conditions. Any prolonged slowdown in the global or Taiwanese economy may have 
a negative impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition, and continued turbulence 
in the international markets may adversely affect our ability to access the capital markets to meet liquidity 
needs.

A substantial portion of our sales are made to customers in the PRC, which may expose us to additional 
political, regulatory, and economic risks. 

We  have  been  increasingly  selling  our  products  to  customers  in  the  PRC.  In  2018  and  2019, 
approximately 66.4% and 70.3% of our revenues, respectively, were from customers headquartered in the 
PRC. We expect to continue to increase our sales to customers in the PRC in the near future. As a result of 
this regional customer concentration, we expect to be particularly subject to economic and political events 
and other developments that affect our customers in the PRC.

The PRC economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including 
the  structure,  level  of  government  involvement,  level  of  development,  foreign  exchange  control  and 
allocation of resources. The PRC economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a more market-
oriented economy and is growing rapidly. For the past two decades, the PRC government has implemented 
economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in the development of the PRC economy 
and also adjusted its macroeconomic control policies from time to time. These policies have led and may 
continue to lead to changes in market conditions. Although we believe these reforms have had a positive 
effect on the business of our customers in the PRC and consequently have benefited us, we cannot predict 
whether changes in the PRC’s political, economic and social conditions, laws, regulations and policies will 
have any adverse effect on our current or future customers in the PRC. In addition, the interpretation of PRC 
laws and regulations involves uncertainties. We cannot assure you that changes in such laws and regulations, 
or in their interpretation and enforcement, will not have a material adverse effect on the businesses and 
operations of our customers in the PRC and consequently have a material adverse effect on our own business 
and operations.

Fluctuations in exchange rates could result in foreign exchange losses and affect our results of operations.

Our functional and reporting currency is U.S. dollars. In 2019, more than 99% of our revenues and 
cost of revenues were denominated in U.S. dollars. However, we have foreign currency exposure and are 
primarily  affected by  fluctuations  in  exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the NT dollar. This is 
because a majority portion of our operating expenses (including for research and development, general 
and administrative, and sales and marketing expenses) are denominated in NT dollars and we maintain 
a portion of our cash in NT dollars for local working capital purposes. For example, in December 2019, 
approximately 65% of our operating expenses were denominated in NT dollars, with a small percentage 

31

 
 
denominated in Japanese Yen, Korean Won, Israel new shekel and Chinese Renminbi, and the majority 
of the remainder in U.S. dollars. However, the subsidiaries located in the R.O.C. adopted Taiwan-IFRS 
and hereafter changed their functional currency of the tax basis of assets and liabilities from NT dollar to 
U.S. dollar since year 2016. Accordingly, these subsidiaries are now having a U.S. dollar dominated tax 
basis and functional currency, which significantly decreases the income tax effect from the fluctuations in 
exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the NT dollar.

Changes in ROC tax laws would likely increase our tax expenditures and decrease our net income.

The  Statute  for  Industrial  Innovation  entitles  companies  to  tax  credits  for  qualifying  research  and 
development expenses related to innovation activities but limits the amount of tax credit to only up to 15% 
of the total qualifying research and development expenditure for the current year, subject to a cap of 30% 
of the income tax payable for the current year. Moreover, any unused tax credits provided under the Statute 
for Industrial Innovation may not be carried forward. Based on the amendments to the above, effective from 
January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019, further extended to December 31, 2029, if companies choose to extend 
the tax credits to three years, the tax credit rate will be 10% of the total qualifying research and development 
expenditure for the current year and subject to a cap of 30% of the income tax payable for each year. 

According to the amendments to the “Income Tax Act” enacted by the office of the President of the 
ROC on February 7, 2018, an increase in the statutory income tax rate from 17% to 20% and decrease in 
the undistributed earning tax from 10% to 5% are effective from January 1, 2018. This increase affected 
the Company’s current tax expense from 2018, and deferred taxes were remeasured in 2018, the period of 
enactment.

On July 12, 2016, the ROC Legislative Yuan passed the third reading of anti-avoidance to establish Article 
43-3 Controlled Foreign Company (“CFC”) rules and Article 43-4 Place of Effective Management (“PEM”) 
rules of the Income Tax Act (“ITA”). Detailed introduction of the CFC and PEM rules are described as follows:

(i)  A profit-seeking enterprise (“PSE”) that directly or indirectly owns affiliated enterprises in low-tax 
jurisdictions outside the territory of the ROC shall recognize and include its pro rata share of affiliated 
enterprises’ annual profits as investment income in its income tax return for the year. Subsequent 
actual dividends and distributions from such affiliated enterprises that were previously recognized as 
investment income will then not be subject to income taxation; any surplus to previously recognized 
investment income shall be included as taxable income in the allocated year. Low-tax jurisdictions 
are defined as countries where the PSE income tax rate is lower than 70% of the income tax rate of 
the PSE in the ROC (the statutory income tax rate is 20% from January 1, 2018). (Article 43-3 CFC 
rules); and

 (ii) A PSE is incorporated based on foreign legislation but its place of effective management (PEM) is 
maintained within the territory of the ROC, and the head office of such PSE will be determined to be 
within the territory of the ROC and profit-seeking enterprise income tax shall be levied in accordance 
with  the  ITA  and  relevant  tax  regulations. The  aforementioned  PEM  refers  to  a  place  where 
substantive key management and commercial decisions of an entity’s business and its operations are 
made. (Article 43-4 PEM rule).

According to the legislative intent, the CFC and PEM rules, in principle, will not be put into force 
immediately, but will wait until the China-Taiwan Cross-Strait Tax Agreement is effectuated, the OECD’s 
Common Reporting and Due Diligence Standard (“CRS”) for the automatic exchange of information of 
financial accounts is widely implemented internationally, and the relevant bylaws of the CFC and PEM rules 
have been adequately enacted and properly advocated. The date of implementation will be determined by 
the Executive Yuan. Additionally, dividend payments made by us are not subject to withholding tax in the 
Cayman Islands. However, if the relevant bylaws of the PEM rules have been adequately enacted and properly 
advocated, we may be determined to be within the territory of the ROC and our income tax shall be levied in 
accordance with the Income Tax Act and relevant tax regulations. Therefore, dividend payments made by us 
would be subject to withholding tax in the ROC.

32

 
 
 We may be affected by the Cayman Economic Substance Law 2018

We  are  incorporated  in  Cayman  Islands.  During  2017,  the  European  Union  (“EU”)  Economic  and 
Financial Affairs Council (“ECOFIN”) released a list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes. The 
stated aim of this list, and accompanying report, was to promote good governance worldwide in order to 
maximize efforts to prevent tax fraud and tax evasion. Cayman Islands was not on the list of non-cooperative 
jurisdictions; however, Cayman Islands did feature in the report as having committed to address concerns 
relating to economic substance by December 31, 2018.

In  accordance  with  that  commitment,  Cayman  Islands  enacted  the  International Tax  Co-operation 
(Economic Substance) Law, 2018 (the “ES Law”) in December 2018. Under the ES Law, if a Cayman Islands 
company is carrying on as a business one or more “relevant activities” (including: banking, distribution 
and service center, financing and leasing, fund management, headquarters, holding company, insurance, 
intellectual property or shipping), it will be required to maintain a substantial economic presence in Cayman 
Islands and to comply with the economic substance requirements set forth in the ES Law. Companies subject 
to the economic substance requirements will be required to file a declaration with the Cayman Islands Tax 
Information Authority stating whether or not they are carrying out relevant activities on an annual basis.

At present, the impact of the ES Law is unclear and it is impossible to predict the nature and effect of 

these requirements on us. We are currently evaluating the potential effect that the ES Law will have on us.

We face risks related to health epidemics and outbreaks of contagious diseases, including H1N1 influenza, 
H5N1 influenza, H7N9 influenza, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS and Coronavirus.

In recent years, there have been reports of outbreaks of a highly pathogenic influenza caused by the H1N1 
virus, H5N1 virus and H7N9 virus, in certain regions of Asia and other parts of the world. An outbreak of such 
contagious diseases in the human population could result in a widespread health crisis that could adversely 
affect the economies and financial markets of many countries, particularly in Asia. Additionally, a recurrence 
of SARS, a highly contagious form of atypical pneumonia, similar to the occurrence in 2003 which affected 
the PRC, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam and certain other countries, would also have similar 
adverse effects. In December 2019, a strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, is currently taking place in China 
and all over the world. Since substantially all of our operations, customers and suppliers are based in Asia, 
the outbreak of H1N1 influenza, H5N1 influenza, H7N9 influenza, SARS, coronavirus or other contagious 
diseases in Asia or elsewhere, or the perception that such an outbreak could occur, and the measures taken by 
the governments of countries affected, including the ROC and the PRC, could adversely affect our business, 
financial condition or results of operations.

The coronavirus outbreak currently taking place in China and all over the world does represent a major 
uncertainty to our operations, especially for the short term. We are working extremely closely with both our 
customers and suppliers in our joint efforts to mitigate the risks. The first quarter guidance provided during 
our fourth quarter earnings call on February 13, 2020 already included the anticipated impact to the business 
from the coronavirus outbreak which reflects some downward adjustments mainly from certain China-based 
customers for small-sized display drivers and CMOS image sensors. With vast majority of operations located 
outside of China, our suppliers are largely unaffected by the coronavirus outbreak. The focus there is primarily 
the logistics management including the customs operations in various ports in China. 

The situation is still evolving. Notwithstanding the uncertainty arisen from the coronavirus, we are 

confident that we will see decent growth across the board for all our major product categories in 2020.

Risks Relating to Our ADSs and Our Trading Market

The market price for our ADSs is volatile.

The market price for our ADSs is volatile and has ranged from a low of $1.7 to a high of $4.22 on the 

NASDAQ Global Select Market in 2019.

33

 
The market price is subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, including the following:

•   actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results;

•  changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;

•   changes in the expectation of our non-driver product launch timing, forecast and estimates;

•   conditions in the TFT-LCD panel market;

•   changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other display semiconductor companies;

•   announcements by us or our competitors of new products, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint 

ventures or capital commitments; 

• 

the addition or departure of key personnel;

•  fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the NT dollar;

• 

• 

litigation related to our intellectual property; and

the release of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding ADSs or sales of additional ADSs.

In addition, as a result of the worldwide financial crisis, global stock markets have experienced extreme 
price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has had a significant effect on the market prices of securities issued 
by many companies for reasons which may not be directly related to their operating performance, including but 
not limited to events such as tax-loss selling, mutual fund redemptions, hedge fund redemptions and margin 
calls. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our ADSs.

Future  sales  or  perceived  sales  of  securities  by  us,  our  executive  officers,  directors  or  major 
shareholders may hurt the price of our ADSs.

The market price of our ADSs could decline as a result of sales of ADSs or shares or the perception that 
these sales could occur. As of February 29, 2020, we had 344,368,062 outstanding shares and a significant 
number of  our shares were beneficially owned by certain major shareholders such as our directors and 
executive officers. See “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders.” 
If we, our executive officers, or directors or our shareholders sell ADSs or shares, the market price for our 
shares or ADSs could decline. Future sales, or the perception of future sales, of ADSs or shares by us, our 
executive officers, directors or existing shareholders could cause the market price of our ADSs to decline. 

You may not have the same voting rights as the holders of our ordinary shares and may not receive 
voting materials sufficiently in advance to be able to exercise your right to vote.

Except as described in the deposit agreement, holders of our ADSs will not be able to exercise voting 
rights attaching to the shares evidenced by our ADSs on an individual basis. Holders of our ADSs will 
appoint  the  depositary  or  its  nominee  as  their  representative  to  exercise  the  voting  rights  attaching  to 
the shares represented by the ADSs. In certain circumstances, however, the depositary shall refrain from 
voting and any voting instructions received from ADS holders shall lapse. Furthermore, in certain other 
circumstances, the depositary will give us a discretionary proxy to vote shares evidenced by ADSs. You 
may not receive voting materials sufficiently in advance to instruct the depositary to vote, and it is possible 
that you, or persons who hold their ADSs through brokers, dealers or other third parties, will not have the 
opportunity to exercise a right to vote.

You may not be able to participate in rights offerings and may experience dilution of your holdings as a result.

34

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We may from time to time distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire our securities. 
Under the deposit agreement for the ADSs, the depositary will not offer those rights to ADS holders unless 
both the rights and the underlying securities to be distributed to ADS holders are either registered under the 
Securities Act, or exempt from registration under the Securities Act with respect to all holders of ADSs. We are 
under no obligation to file a registration statement with respect to any such rights or underlying securities or to 
endeavor to cause such a registration statement to be declared effective. In addition, we may not be able to take 
advantage of any exemptions from registration under the Securities Act. Accordingly, holders of our ADSs may 
be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution in their holdings as a result.

You may be subject to limitations on transfer of your ADSs.

Your ADSs represented by the ADRs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the 
depositary may close its transfer books at any time or from time to time whenever it deems expedient in 
connection with the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or 
register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any 
time if we or the depositary deem it necessary or advisable to do so because of any requirement of law, 
any government, governmental body, commission, or any securities exchange on which our ADSs or our 
ordinary shares are listed, or under any provision of the deposit agreement or provisions of, or governing, the 
deposited securities or any meeting of our shareholders, or for any other reason.

Your ability to protect your rights through the United States federal courts may be limited, because we 
are incorporated under Cayman Islands law, conduct a substantial portion of our operations in Taiwan, 
and all of our directors and officers reside outside the United States.

We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands. A substantial portion of our operations is conducted in 
Taiwan through Himax Taiwan, our wholly owned subsidiary, and substantially all of our assets are located 
in Taiwan. All of our directors and officers reside outside the United States, and a substantial portion of the 
assets of those persons is located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible 
for you to bring an action against us or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you 
believe that your rights have been infringed under the securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful 
in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands and of Taiwan may render you unable to 
enforce a United States judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. There is no 
statutory recognition in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although a final 
and conclusive judgment in the federal or state courts of the United States under which a sum of money is 
payable, other than a sum payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes, or other charges of a like nature or 
in respect of a fine or other penalty, may be subject to enforcement proceedings as debt in the courts of the 
Cayman Islands under the common law doctrine of obligation, provided that (a) such federal or state courts 
of the United States had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to such judgment; (b) such federal or 
state courts of the United States did not contravene the rules of natural justice of the Cayman Islands; (c) 
such judgment was not obtained by fraud; (d) the enforcement of the judgment would not be contrary to the 
public policy of the Cayman Islands; (e) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior 
to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of the Cayman Islands; and (f) there is due compliance with 
the correct procedures under the laws of the Cayman Islands.

As a result of all of the above, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their 
interests through actions against our management, directors or major shareholders than shareholders of a 
corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction in the United States.

You may face difficulties in protecting your interests as a shareholder because judicial precedents 
regarding shareholders’ rights are more limited under Cayman Islands law than under U.S. law, and 
because Cayman Islands law generally provides less protection to shareholders than U.S. law.

Our corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, the Companies 
Law, Cap. 22 (Law 3 of 1961, as consolidated and revised) of the Cayman Islands, or the Cayman Islands 
Companies Law, and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action 

35

 
 
against directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors to us 
under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The 
common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the 
Cayman Islands as well as from English common law, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a 
court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors 
under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent 
in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands have a less developed body 
of securities law than the United States. In addition, some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully 
developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands.

For  example,  the  Cayman  Islands  Companies  Law  differs  from  laws  applicable  to  United  States 
corporations and their shareholders in certain material respects which may affect shareholders’ rights and 
shareholders’  access  to  information. These  differences  under  the  Cayman  Islands  Companies  Law  (as 
compared to Delaware law) include, though are not limited to, the following:

•  directors who are interested in a transaction do not have a statutory duty to disclose such interest and 
      there are no provisions under the Cayman Islands Companies Law which render such director liable
      to the company for any profit realized pursuant to such transaction. Our articles of association, however,
      contain provisions that require our directors to disclose their interest in a transaction;

•  dissenting shareholders do not have comparable appraisal rights if a scheme of arrangement is 

approved by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands;

• 

shareholders may not be able to bring class action or derivative action suits before a Cayman Islands 
court except in certain exceptional circumstances; and

•  unless otherwise provided under the memorandum and articles of association of the company, 

shareholders do not have the right to bring business before a meeting or call a meeting.

Moreover, certain of these differences in corporate law, including, for example, the fact that shareholders 
do not have the right to call a meeting or bring business to a meeting, may have anti-takeover effects, which 
could discourage, delay, or prevent the merger or acquisition of our company by means of a tender offer, a 
proxy contest or otherwise, which a shareholder may have considered in its best interest, and prevent the 
removal of incumbent officers and directors.

As a result of all of the above, public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests 
in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors or controlling shareholders 
than they would have as public shareholders of a U.S. company.

Investor  confidence  and  the  market  price  of  our ADSs  may  be  adversely  impacted  if  we  or  our 
independent registered public accountants conclude that our internal controls over financial reporting 
are not effective.

The Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, as directed by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002, adopted rules requiring public companies to include in their Annual Report on Form 10-K or 
Form 20-F, as the case may be, a report of management on the company’s internal controls over financial 
reporting that contains an assessment by management of the effectiveness of the company’s internal controls 
over financial reporting. In addition, the company’s independent registered public accounting firm must report 
on the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our management may conclude that our internal 
controls over financial reporting are not effective. Moreover, even if our management does conclude that our 
internal controls over financial reporting are effective, if our independent registered public accounting firm 
is not satisfied with our internal controls, the level at which our controls are documented, designed, operated 
or reviewed, or if our independent registered public accounting firm interprets the requirements, rules or 
regulations differently from us, then it may conclude that our internal controls over financial reporting are not 
effective. Furthermore, during the course of the evaluation, documentation and attestation, we may identify 

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
deficiencies that we may not be able to remedy in a timely manner. If we fail to achieve and maintain the 
adequacy of our internal controls, we may not be able to conclude that we have effective internal controls, on 
an ongoing basis, over financial reporting in accordance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Furthermore, effective 
internal controls over financial reporting are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports and are 
important to help prevent fraud. As a result, our failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls 
over financial reporting could result in the loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial 
statements, which in turn could harm our business and negatively impact the trading price of our ADSs. In 
addition, we have incurred considerable costs and used significant management time and other resources in 
our effort to comply with Section 404 and other requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.an ongoing basis, 
over financial reporting in accordance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

4.A. History and Development of the Company

Himax Taiwan, our predecessor, was incorporated on June 12, 2001 as a limited liability company 
under the laws of the ROC. On April 26, 2005, we established Himax Technologies Limited, an exempted 
company with limited liability under the Cayman Islands Companies Law, as a holding company to hold the 
shares of Himax Taiwan in connection with our reorganization and share exchange. On October 14, 2005, 
Himax Taiwan became our wholly owned subsidiary through a share exchange consummated pursuant to the 
ROC Business Mergers and Acquisitions Law through which we acquired all of the issued and outstanding 
shares of Himax Taiwan, and we issued ordinary shares to the shareholders of Himax Taiwan. Shareholders 
of Himax Taiwan received one of our ordinary shares in exchange for one Himax Taiwan common share. 
The share exchange was unanimously approved by shareholders of Himax Taiwan on June 10, 2005 with 
no dissenting shareholders and by the ROC Investment Commission on August 30, 2005 for our inbound 
investment in Taiwan, and on September 7, 2005 for our outbound investment outside of Taiwan. We effected 
this reorganization and share exchange to comply with ROC laws, which prohibit a Taiwan incorporated 
company not otherwise publicly listed in Taiwan from listing its shares on an overseas stock exchange. Our 
reorganization enables us to maintain our operations through our Taiwan subsidiary, Himax Taiwan, while 
allowing us to list our shares overseas through our holding company structure.

On September 26, 2005, we changed our name to “Himax Technologies, Inc.,” and on October 17, 2005, 
Himax Taiwan changed its name to “Himax Technologies Limited” upon the approval of shareholders of 
both companies and amendments to the respective constitutive documents. We effected the name exchange in 
order to maintain continuity of operations and marketing under the trade name “Himax Technologies, Inc.,” 
which had been previously used by Himax Taiwan.

Our ADSs have been listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market since March 31, 2006. Our ordinary 

shares are not listed or publicly traded on any trading markets.

In February 2007, we completed the acquisition of Wisepal, currently known as Himax Semiconductor, 
Inc., a fabless semiconductor company focusing on the development of LTPS TFT-LCD drivers for small and 
medium-sized applications. This transaction strengthened our competitive position in the small and medium-
sized product areas and further diversified our technology and product offerings. For management purpose, 
Himax Semiconductor Inc. was merged into Himax Taiwan on July 2, 2018.

In March 2007, we established Himax Imaging, Inc., or Himax Imaging, which develops and markets 
CMOS image sensors with an initial focus on camera applications used in cell phones and notebook computers.

In July 2012, our subsidiary, Himax Display, completed the acquisition of Spatial Photonics, currently 
known as Himax Display (USA) Inc., a Delaware corporation engaged in the business of manufacturing and 
production of MEMS products.

In June 2018, we completed the acquisition of Emza Visual Sense Ltd., or Emza, which is dedicated 
to  the  development  of  visual  sensors  that  include  proprietary  machine-vision  algorithms  and  specific 

37

 
 
architectures  that  enable  always-on  visual  sensing  capabilities,  achieving  improvement  in  power 
consumption, price and form factor. From time to time, we have also made minority investments in various 
companies for strategic purposes in the ordinary course of business.

Our principal executive offices are located at No. 26, Zih Lian Road, Sinshih District, Tainan City 
74148, Taiwan, Republic of China. Our telephone number at this address is +886-6-505-0880. Our registered 
office in the Cayman Islands is located at Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, Grand Cayman 
KY1-1111, Cayman Islands. Our telephone number at this address is +1-345-945-3901. In addition, we 
have offices in Hsinchu and Taipei, Taiwan; Foshan, Fuqing, Ningbo, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Suzhou, 
Wuhan, Hefei, Qingdao, Chongqing, Xi’an and Xiamen, China; Tokyo, Japan; Asan-si and Bundang-gu, 
South Korea; Givatayim, Israel; and Irvine and Campbell, California and Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Investor inquiries should be directed to our Investor Relations department, at +1-949-585-9838 ext.223 
or by email to hx_ir@himax.com.tw. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and 
information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The 
address of the SEC's Internet site is http://www.sec.gov. Our website is www.himax.com.tw. The information 
contained on our website is not part of this annual report. Our agent for service of process in the United 
States is Puglisi & Associates located at 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware 19711. 

4.B. Business Overview

We are a fabless semiconductor solution provider dedicated to display imaging processing technologies. 
We are a worldwide market leader in display driver ICs and timing controllers used in TVs, laptops, monitors, 
mobile phones, tablets, digital cameras, car navigation, virtual reality (VR) devices and many other consumer 
electronics devices. Additionally, we design and provide controllers for touch sensor displays, in-cell Touch 
and Display Driver Integration (TDDI) single-chip solutions, LED driver ICs, power management ICs, and 
LCOS micro-displays for augmented reality (AR) devices and head-up displays (HUD) for automotive. We 
also offer digital camera solutions, including CMOS image sensors and wafer level optics for AR devices, 3D 
sensing and machine vision, which are used in a wide variety of applications such as mobile phone, tablet, 
laptop, TV, PC camera, automobile, security, medical devices, home appliance and Internet of Things. For 
display drivers and display-related products, our customers are panel manufacturers, agents or distributors, 
module manufacturers and assembly houses. We also work with camera module manufacturers, optical 
engine manufacturers, and television system manufacturers for various non-driver products. We believe that 
our recognized leading design and engineering expertise, combined with our focus on customer service and 
close relationships with semiconductor manufacturing service providers, has contributed to our success.

Industry Background

We mainly operate in the flat panel display semiconductor industry. As the majority of our revenues 
derive from products that are critical components of flat panel displays, such as display drivers, timing 
controllers, power ICs and other semiconductor products, our industry is closely linked to the trends and 
developments of the flat panel display industry.

Flat Panel Display Semiconductors

Flat panel displays require different semiconductors depending upon the display technologies and the 

applications. Some of the most important ones include the following: 

•  Display  Driver. The  display  driver  receives  image  data  from  the  timing  controller  and  delivers 
precise analog voltages or currents to create images on the display. The major application of display 
driver IC is used on TFT-LCDs. However, AMOLED display is also getting more and more popular 
in recently years, starting from high-end smartphone and TV applications. Detailed display driver IC 
specification for LCD and AMOLED are different due to panel characteristics. The two main types 
of display drivers for a display panel are gate drivers and source drivers. Gate drivers turn on the 
transistor within each pixel cell on the horizontal line on the panel for data input at each row. Source 

38

 
 
 
drivers receive image data from the timing controller and generate voltage that is applied to the 
liquid crystal within each pixel cell on the vertical line on the panel for data input at each column. 
The combination determines the colors generated by each pixel. Typically, multiple gate drivers and 
source drivers are installed separately on the panel. However, for certain small and medium-sized 
applications, gate drivers and source drivers are integrated into a single chip due to space and cost 
considerations. Large-sized panels typically have higher resolution and require more display drivers 
than small and medium-sized panels.

•  Timing Controller. The timing controller receives image data and converts the format for the source 
drivers’ input. The timing controller also generates controlling signals for gate and source drivers. 
Typically,  the  timing controller  is  a discrete semiconductor in large-sized TFT-LCD panels. For 
certain small and medium-sized applications, however, the timing controller may be integrated with 
display drivers. 

•  Operational Amplifier. An operational amplifier supplies the reference voltage to source drivers in 

order to make their output voltage uniform.

•  Power  IC.  Power  ICs  include  certain  drivers,  amplifiers,  DC  to  DC  converters  and  other  
semiconductors designed to enhance power management, such as voltage regulation, voltage boosting 
and battery management.

•  Touch controller IC. For touch screen applications, touch controller ICs enable touch interfaces, such  
as capacitive touch panels, to identify, qualify and track user’s contacts with precision and sensibility.

•  Others. Flat panel displays also require multiple general purpose semiconductors such as memory,  

power converters and inverters.

Characteristics of the Display Driver Market

Although we operate in several distinct segments of the flat panel display semiconductor industry, our 
principal products are display drivers. Display drivers are critical components of flat panel displays. The 
display driver market has specific characteristics, including those discussed below.

Concentration of Panel Manufacturers

The  global TFT-LCD  panel  industry  consists  of  a  small  number  of  manufacturers,  substantially 
all  of  which  are  based  in Asia.  In  recent  years,  TFT-LCD  panel  manufacturers,  especially  China-
based  manufacturers,  have  invested  or  are  planning  to  invest  heavily  to  establish,  construct  and  ramp 
up additional  fab  capacity. The capital intensive nature of the industry often results in TFT-LCD panel 
manufacturers operating at a high level of capacity utilization in order to reduce unit costs. This tends to 
create a temporary oversupply of panels, which reduces the average selling price of panels and puts pricing 
pressure on component companies including display driver companies. Moreover, the concentration of panel 
manufacturers permits major panel manufacturers to exert pricing pressure on display driver companies such 
as us. The small number of panel manufacturers exacerbates this situation as display driver companies, in 
addition to seeking to expand their customer base, must also focus on winning a larger percentage of such 
customers’ display driver requirements.

Customization Requirements

Each panel display has a unique pixel design to meet its particular requirements. To optimize the panel’s 
performance, display drivers have to be customized for each panel design. The most common customization 
requirement is for the display driver company to optimize the gamma curve of each display driver for each 
panel design. Display driver companies must work closely with their customers to develop semiconductors 
that meet their customers’ specific needs in order to optimize the performance of their products.

39

 
 
  
 
 
 
Mixed-Signal Design and High-Voltage CMOS Process Technology

Display  drivers  have  specific  design  and  manufacturing  requirements  that  are  not  standard  in  the 
semiconductor  industry.  Some  display  drivers  require  mixed-signal  design  since  they  combine  both 
analog  and  digital  devices  on  a  single  semiconductor  to  process  both  analog  signals  and  digital  data. 
Manufacturing display drivers require high-voltage CMOS process technology operating typically at 4.5 
to 24 volts for source drivers and 10 to 50 volts for gate drivers, levels of voltage which are not standard in 
the semiconductor industry. For display drivers, the driving voltage must be maintained under a very high 
degree of uniformity, which can be difficult to achieve using standard CMOS process technology. However, 
manufacturing display drivers does not require very small-geometry semiconductor processes. Typically, 
the manufacturing process for large panel display drivers require geometries between 0.11 micron and 1 
micron because the physical dimensions of a high-voltage device do not allow for the economical reduction 
in geometries below this range. We believe that there are a limited number of fabs with high-voltage CMOS 
process technology that are capable of high-volume manufacturing of display drivers.

Special Assembly and Testing Requirements

Manufacturing display drivers requires certain assembly and testing technologies and equipment that 
are not standard for other semiconductors and are offered by a limited number of providers. The assembly 
of display drivers typically uses either tape-automated bonding, also known as TAB, or chip-on-glass, also 
known as COG, technologies. Display drivers also require gold bumping, which is a process in which gold 
bumps are plated onto each wafer to connect the die and the processed tape, in the case of TAB packages, and 
the glass, in the case of COG packages. TAB may utilize tape carrier packages, also known as TCP, or chip 
on film, also known as COF. The type of assembly used depends on the panel manufacturer’s design, which 
is influenced by panel size and application and is typically determined by the panel manufacturers. Display 
drivers for large-sized applications typically require TAB package types and, to a lesser extent, COG package 
types, whereas display drivers for mobile handsets and consumer electronics products typically require COG 
packages. The testing of display drivers also requires special testers that can support high-channel and high-
voltage output semiconductors. Such testers are not standard in the semiconductor industry.

Supply Chain Management

The manufacturing of display drivers is a complex process and requires several manufacturing stages 
such as wafer fabrication, gold bumping, and assembly and testing, and the availability of materials such as 
the processed tape used in TAB packaging. We refer to these manufacturing stages and material requirements 
collectively as the “supply chain.” Panel manufacturers typically operate at high levels of capacity utilization 
and require a reliable supply of display drivers. A shortage of display drivers, or a disruption to this supply, 
may disrupt panel manufacturers’ operations since replacement supplies may not be available on a timely 
basis or at all, given the customization of display drivers. As a result, a display driver company’s ability to 
deliver its products on a timely basis at the quality and quantity required is critical to satisfying its existing 
customers and winning new ones. Such supply chain management is particularly crucial to fabless display 
driver companies that do not have their own in-house manufacturing capacity. In the case of display drivers, 
supply chain management is further complicated by the high-voltage CMOS process technology and the 
special assembly and testing requirements that are not standard in the semiconductor industry. Access to this 
capacity also depends in part on display driver companies having received assurances of demand for their 
products since semiconductor manufacturing service providers require credible demand forecasts before 
allocating capacity among customers and investing to expand their capacity to support growth.

Need for Higher Level of  Integration

The small form factor of mobile handsets and certain consumer electronics products restricts the space 
for components. Small and medium-sized panel applications typically require one or more source drivers, 
one or more gate drivers and one timing controller, which can be installed as separate semiconductors or as 
an integrated single-chip driver. Customers are increasingly demanding higher levels of integration in order 
to manufacture more compact panels, simplify the module assembly process and reduce unit costs. Display 

40

 
 
 
 
driver companies must be able to offer highly integrated chips that combine the source driver, gate driver 
and timing controller, as well as semiconductors such as memory, power circuit and image processors, into a 
single chip. Due to the size restrictions and stringent power consumption constraints of such display drivers, 
single-chip  drivers  are  complex  to  design.  For  large-sized  panel  applications,  integration  is  both  more 
difficult to achieve and less important since size and weight are less of a priority. Lastly, as our TFT-LCD 
panel customers had turned to pure in-cell TDDI panel development for thinner display designs, we have 
developed a series of single chip touch display driver integrated circuit (TDDI) for advanced in-cell touch 
display panel.

Products and Solutions

  We have several principal product lines:

• 

• 

display drivers and timing controllers;

touch controller ICs;

•  ASIC service;

• 

• 

• 

LCOS and MEMS products;

power ICs;

CMOS image sensor products;

•  wafer level optics products; 

• 

3D sensing business; and

     •  Ultra-low power smart sensing.

Display Drivers and Timing Controllers

Display Driver Characteristics

Display drivers deliver precise analog voltages and currents that activate the pixels on panels. The 

following is a summary of certain display driver characteristics and their relationship to panel performance.

•  Resolution and Number of Channels. Resolution refers to the number of pixels per line multiplied by 
the number of lines, which determines the level of fine detail within an image displayed on a panel. 
For example, a color display screen with 1,024 x 768 pixels has 1,024 red columns, 1,024 green 
columns and 1,024 blue columns for a total of 3,072 columns and 768 rows. The red, green and blue 
columns are commonly referred to as “RGB.” Therefore, the display drivers need to drive 3,072 
column outputs and 768 row outputs. The number of display drivers required for each panel depends 
on the resolution of the panel and the number of channels per display driver. For example, an XGA 
(1,024 x 768 pixels) panel requires eight 384-channel source drivers (1,024 x 3 = 384 x 8) and three 
256-channel gate drivers (768 = 256 x 3), while a full HD (1,920 x 1,080 pixels) panel requires 
eight 720-channel source drivers and four 270-channel gate drivers. The number of display drivers 
required can be reduced by using drivers with a higher number of channels. For example, a full HD 
panel can have six 960-channel source drivers instead of eight 720-channel source drivers. Thus, 
using display drivers with a higher number of channels can reduce the number of display drivers 
required for each panel, although display drivers with a higher number of channels typically have 
higher unit costs.

•  Color  Depth. Color  depth  is  the  number  of  colors  that  can  be  displayed  on  a  screen,  which  is 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
determined by the number of shades of a color, also known as gray scale, that can be shown by the 
panel. For example, a 6-bit source driver is capable of generating 26 x 26 x 26 = 218, or 262K colors, 
and similarly, an 8-bit source driver is capable of generating 16 million colors. Typically, for TFT-
LCD panels currently in commercial production, 262K, 16 million and 1 billion colors are supported 
by 6-bit, 8-bit and 10-bit source drivers, respectively.

•  Operational Voltage. A display driver operates with two voltages: the input voltage (which enables 
it to receive signals from the timing controller) and the output voltage (which, in the case of source 
drivers, is applied to liquid crystals and, in the case of gate drivers, is used to switch on the TFT 
device). Source drivers typically operate at input voltages from 3.3 to 1.8 volts and output voltages 
ranging from 7 up to 18 volts. Gate drivers typically operate at input voltages from 3.3 to 1.8 volts 
and  output  voltages  ranging  from  10  to  50  volts.  Lower  input  voltage  saves  power  and  lowers 
electromagnetic interference, or EMI. Output voltage may be higher or lower depending on the 
characteristics of the liquid crystal (or diode), in the case of source drivers, or TFT device, in the 
case of gate drivers.

•  Gamma Curve. The relationship between the light passing through a pixel and the voltage applied 
to it by the source driver is nonlinear and is referred to as the “gamma curve” of the source driver. 
Different panel design and manufacturing processes require source drivers with different gamma 
curves. Display drivers need to adjust the gamma curve to fit the pixel design. Due to the materials 
and  processes  used  in  manufacturing,  panels  may  contain  certain  imperfections  which  can  be 
corrected by the gamma curve of the source driver, a process which is generally known as “gamma 
correction.” For certain types of liquid crystal, the gamma curves for RGB cells are significantly 
different and thus need to be independently corrected. Some advanced display drivers feature three 
independent gamma curves for RGB cells.

•  Driver Interface. Driver interface refers to the connection between the timing controller and display 
drivers. Display drivers increasingly require higher bandwidth interface technology to address the 
larger data volume necessary for video images. Panels used for higher data transmission applications, 
such as televisions, require more advanced interface technology. The principal types of interface 
technologies are transistor-to-transistor logic, or TTL, reduced swing differential signaling, or RSDS, 
mini-low voltage differential signaling, or mini-LVDS, and point-to-point high-speed interface. 
Among these, RSDS, mini-LVDS and point-to-point interface were developed as low power, low 
noise and low amplitude methods for high-speed data transmission using fewer copper wires and 
resulting in lower EMI. Moreover, there are some panel manufacturers developing their proprietary 
point-to-point interfaces, such as embedded panel interface, or EPI, USI-T, iSP, CEDS, CHPI ,CSPI 
and CMPI. 

•  Package Type. The assembly of display drivers typically uses TAB and COG package types. COF 
and TCP are two types of TAB packages, of which COF packages have become predominantly used 
in recent years. Customers typically determine the package type required according to their specific 
mechanical and electrical considerations. In general, display drivers for small-sized panels mainly 
use COG package types, whereas display drivers for large-sized panels primarily use TAB package 
types and, to a lesser extent, COG package types.

Large-Sized Applications

We  provide  source  drivers,  gate  drivers,  PMIC,  P-gamma  OP  level  shifter  and  timing  controllers 
(TCON) for large-sized panels principally used in desktop monitors, notebook computers and televisions. 
Display drivers used in large-sized applications feature different key characteristics, depending on the end-
use  application.  For  example,  the  industry  trend  for  large-sized  applications  is  generally  toward  super 
high channel, low power consumption, low cost, thin and light form factor, touch function, higher data 
transmission rate and higher driving capabilities. Higher speed interface technologies are also key for 4Kx2K 
and 8Kx4K high-resolution TVs. Greater color depth, thermal solution, high data rate and high driving, are 
particularly important for advanced televisions and certain monitors.

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Our large display driver IC business achieved several milestones in 2019. For example, we successfully 
added  a  12-inch  fab  into  the  pool  of  our  foundry  capacity  for  our  large  display  driver  ICs  to  ease  the 
capacity shortage of 8” foundry where the vast majority of large panel driver ICs are fabricated. On high-
end TV, Himax outpaced peers to lead the mass production of customized high-speed point-to-point (P2P) 
transmission using embedded panel intra interface such as iSP, CHPI, USI-T and CSPI for 4K TVs and 
developed a 2-in-1 COF driver to meet the requirements of high channel count and heat dissipation for 
8K TV. On gaming monitor, we have high frame rate and high driving driver to meet the needs of various 
resolutions  and  frame  rates  such  as  UHD  165Hz,  QHD  240Hz,  FHD  320Hz,  etc. We  also  successfully 
developed low power consumption driver applied in low power monitor to satisfied Energy star 8.0. Lastly, 
our P2P driver and TCON ICs with 13.3" FHD can meet Intel 1W project requirement.

We also made tremendous progress in TCON product lines in 2019. Jointly with our Tier 1 customers, 
we  developed  8K TV TCON  for  their  8K  60  Hz  and  120Hz TV  from  55”  to  110”,  leveraging  Himax's 
unique two phase demura and SHR technologies, which can greatly improve mura to improve yield rate of 
8K TV panel and solve the problem of insufficient 8K content. We also provide gaming TCON for the new 
UHD 144Hz gaming monitor and notebook. As for eDP (Embedded DisplayPort) notebook TCONs, Himax 
continues to develop more power-efficient drivers including mLVDS and P2P interfaces. Our mLVDS is able 
to integrate P-gamma OP to reduce PCB size and make notebooks slimmer, allowing more space for touch 
solution integration. Last but not the least, we successfully embedded local dimming in TCON ICs for TFT-
LCD automotive applications to support the accelerating trend toward large-scale screen, higher contrast 
instrument panels needed for drivers to read meter content quickly. This industry-leading next generation 
automotive display technology has been greatly appreciated by auto OEMs, Tier 1 and panel makers and is 
expected to begin mass production in an electronic vehicle during 2020.

The table below sets forth the features of our products for large-sized applications: 

Product
 TFT-LCD Source Drivers

TFT-LCD Gate Drivers

Features

•  384 to 1920 output channels
•  6-bit (262K colors), 8-bit (16 million colors) or 10-bit (1 billion colors)
•  one gamma-type driver
•  two gamma-type driver to improve display quality
•  three gamma-type drivers (RGB independent gamma curve to enhance 

color image)

•  output driving voltage ranging from 7 up to 20V
•  input logic voltage ranging from standard 3.3V to low power 1.8V and 

support half VDDA

•  low power consumption and low EMI
•  support COF and COG package types
•  support TTL, RSDS, mini-LVDS (up to 400MHz), cascade modulated 
driver interface, or CMDI, point-to-point high speed interface (up to 
4Gbps for 8K 120Hz) and customized interface technologies

•  support dual gate and triple gate panel designs

•  192 to 1600 output channels
•  output driving voltage ranging from 10 up to 50v
•  input logic voltage ranging from standard 3.3V to low power 1.8V
•  low power consumption
•  support COF and COG package types
•  support dual gate and triple gate panel designs

43

Product

   Timing Controllers

Features

•  product portfolio supports a wide range of resolutions, from VGA (640 
x 480 pixels) to full HD, UHD and 8K4K (1,920 x 1,080 pixels, 1,920 
x 1,200 pixels, 3840 x 2160 and 7680 x 4320)

•  support  TTL,  RSDS,  mini-LVDS,  DETTL,  turbo  RSDS,  CMDI, 
point-to-point  high  speed  interface  and  customized  output  interface 
technologies

•  embedded overdrive function to improve response time
•  support CABC to save power and color engine to enhance color and 

sharpness

•  support TTL, LVDS, eDP, G-sync, MIPI and V-by-one input interface 

technologies

•  support dual-gate, triple-gate, GOA (gate on array) and RGBW panel 

designs

•  support amorphous silicon, IGZO and LTPS panel
•  ASIC AMOLED timing controller

Programmable Gamma OP

•  8 to 16 channel gamma buffer outputs
•  channel VCOM buffer output
•  Internal non-volatile memory
•  2 gamma bank selection, setting time < 3uS   
•  Analog power supply voltage: 9.0V to 20.0V
•  Digital power supply voltage: 2.7V to 3.6V
•  Peak current on gamma channels: 200mA 
•  Peak current on VCOM channel: 400mA  
•  Programmable VCOM limit
•  12C speed up to 1MHz

Electronic Paper Display Applications

We offer display driver for the Electronic Paper Display (EPD) applications, such as reading & writing 
device, Electronic Shelf Label (ESL) and Signage Display. The Electronic Paper Display (EPD) drivers can 
support various display resolutions to meet the customized needs of applications.

The following table summarizes the features of our Electronic Paper Display (EPD) solutions:

Product
Electronic Paper Display (EPD) 
Source Drivers

Features
•  Features 320 to 1920 output channels
•  output driving voltage ranging from 15 up to 50v
•  input logic voltage ranging from standard 3.3V to low power 1.8V
•  low power consumption and low EMI 
•  support TTL, mini-LVDS cascade modulated driver interface, or point-
to-point high speed interface and customized interface technologies

•  support COF and COG package types

Electronic Paper Display (EPD)
Gate Drivers

•  100 to 840 output channels
•  output driving voltage ranging from 10 up to 50v
•  input logic voltage ranging from standard 3.3V to low power 1.8V low 

power consumption

•  support COF and COG package types

Electronic Paper Display (EPD)
Integrated Drivers

•  Highly integrated chip embedded with source driver, timing controller 

and power circuit

•  source driver output driving voltage ranging up to 30V
•  Support COG package types

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Mobile Handset, Tablet and Consumer Electronics Applications

We offer display drivers for mobile handset, tablet PC and consumer electronics (“CE”) displays that 
combine source driver, gate driver, timing controller, DC to DC circuits, and optional frame buffer into a 
single chip or cascades chips in various display technologies, such as TFT-LCD, LTPS and AMOLED. 

Smartphones  and  tablet  PCs  have  gained  greater  popularity  among  consumers  and  enjoyed  higher 
growth in recent years. This has also contributed to higher demand for mobile handset displays that have a 
larger size and higher resolution. In the past few years, we offered innovative handset display driver products 
by providing FWVGA (480 x 864), qHD (540 x 960), WSVGA (1024 x 600), HD720 (720 x 1280) / WXGA 
(800 x 1280), FHD (1080 x 1920) / WUXGA (1200 x 1920) and up to QHD (1440 x 2560) / WQXGA 
(1600x2560) display driver ICs. We have recently continued to update new products for this mainstream 
smartphone and tablet PC segment with lower cost and new features, such as color enhancement and sun-
light  readability  enhancement  functions.  In  2015,  we  developed  new  technologies  and  led  the  display 
industry with next generation display driver ICs, such as a-si FHD (1080 x 1920), AMOLED ASICs for HD 
and FHD and LTPS QHD (1440 x 2560) with sub-pixel rendering technologies. In 2016, Himax developed a 
series of single chip touch display driver integrated circuit (TDDI) for advanced in-cell touch display panel. 
Himax started the shipments of in-cell TDDI for some smartphones in 2016 and extended TDDI solution to 
tablet PCs application in 2017. Smartphone display had a dramatic change in terms of aspect ratio, instead 
of resolution, in 2017. Though display resolution of entry smartphones kept moving up from WVGA or qHD 
to HD, high-end smartphone display may be stuck at FHD or QHD since it’s pixel per inch is good enough 
for normal consumers’ daily use. OEMs start to seek for differentiation with 18:9 or even wider aspect ratio, 
full front displays. Himax has designed conventional 16:9 HD and FHD DDICs capable of supporting 18:9 
or wider HD+/FHD+ displays and achieved a number of design-wins with leading Chinese smartphone 
brands. As in-cell TDDI, featuring thinner display, slimmer border, and better visual quality, has been getting 
popular, we re-invented a new generation of TDDIs supporting COG and COF for 18:9 or wider aspect ratio 
with interlaced output pins, which makes the bottom border of the in-cell touch display even smaller to gain 
higher display to body ratio. Our new generation FHD+ TDDI with COG and COF are in design-in stage 
with a few leading Chinese smartphone brands and panel makers. While COG TDDI offers cost effective slim 
bezel design, TDDI with COF package can enable super-slim bezel design for premium smartphone models. 
We started small volume shipment in the first half of 2018 with accelerating volume started in the second half 
of 2018 into 2019 and beyond.

A major development we are seeing in the marketplace is increased utilization of the OLED display for 
smartphone. This is due to investments on expanded AMOLED capacity as well as increased demand for 
under-display fingerprint technology that is only available in the AMOLED display for the time being. We 
are collaborating closely with leading panel makers across China for AMOLED product development. We 
believe AMOLED driver ICs will soon become one of the major growth engines for our small panel driver 
IC business.

On the other hand,  the  application  of  in-cell TDDI start to extend from mainstream smartphone to 
larger displays in 2018 as Himax start to offer various new TDDI solutions for tablet PCs, smart speakers, 
and even some infotainment displays in automobiles. The first tablet TDDI with WXGA resolution went 
mass production in 2018 and also extended to leading smart speaker applications as well. In 2019, Himax 
announced a series of new driver and TDDIs for tablet application. A COF packaged driver IC solution 
enables a leading tablet PC OEM successfully launching a WQXGA resolution tablet with super slim bezel. 
Another  new TDDI,  supporting  up  to WUXGA  and WQXGA  resolution,  design-win  multiple  projects 
from tablet PC OEMs across Korea and China in 2019. We also launched the first TDDI supporting active 
stylus function in tablets which this will commence mass production and contribute to our tablet application 
business in 2020.

The following table summarizes the features of our products for mobile handsets and tablet application: 

45

 
Product
Mobile Handset Display Drivers

Features

•  highly integrated single chip embedded with the source driver, 

gate driver, power circuit, timing controller and memory

•  suitable for a wide range of resolutions from QQVGA (128 x 160 

pixels) to QHD (1440 x 2560 pixels)

•  support up to 16 million colors
•  support RGB separated gamma adjustment
•  support CABC
•  support  color  enhancement  features  including  saturation, 

brightness, and sharpness enhancement

•  support MIPI interface for smartphone application and LVDS for 

CE applications

•  support RAM-less or 1/3 RAM compression technologies
•  low power consumption and low EMI
•  fewer external components to reduce costs
•  slimmer die for compact module to fit smaller mobile handset 

designs

•  application specific integrated circuits, or ASIC, can be designed 

to meet customized requirements for LCD or AMOLED

•  touch display driver integrated circuit (TDDI) for advanced in-

cell touch display

•  extending from 16:9 to 18:9 or wider aspect ratio
•  COG and COF solutions for super slim bottom border 
•  AMOLED driver IC with sub-pixel rendering, Demura-IPs for 

FHD+

  Tablet PC Display Drivers

•  highly integrated single chip embedded with the source driver, 

power circuit, and timing controller

•  suitable  for  a  wide  range  of  resolutions  from WSVGA  (600  x 
1024), WXGA (800 x 1280), WUXGA (1200x1920) to WQXGA 
(1600 x 2560)

•  support up to 16 million colors
•  support RGB separated gamma adjustment
•  support CABC
•  support color enhancement features
•  support MIPI interface
•  touch display driver integrated circuit (TDDI) for advanced in-

cell touch display

•  supporting TDDI with active stylus
•  COG and COF solutions for super slim bezel

Automotive Display Applications

We offer source drivers, gate drivers, timing controllers and integrated drivers for the fast ramping 
automotive display applications, such as instrument cluster display (ICD), center information display (CID), 
head-up display (HUD), rear seat entertainment display (RSE) and rearview mirror display. 

The automotive display drivers can support various display resolutions to meet the customized needs 
of automotive display, including GIP panel and non-GIP panel, a-TFT panel and LTPS panel. Meanwhile, 
the automotive display drivers can support higher output driving voltage for higher contrast ratio and faster 
liquid crystal response in automotive display applications. The automotive Timing Controller can support 
Local Dimming function for the goal of higher contrast ration and reduction thermal in automotive display 
applications.

The following table summarizes the features of our products used in automotive display applications:

46

 
 
Product

   TFT-LCD Source Drivers

Features

•  642 to 1,920 output channels
•  6-bit (262K colors), 8-bit (16.7 million colors) 
•  support RSDS, mini-LVDS, Point-to-Point interfaces
•  output driving voltage ranging up to 15V
•  support COG package type

  TFT-LCD Gate Drivers

•  100 to 1,600 output channels
•  output driving voltage ranging up to 40V
•  support COG package type

TFT-LCD Integrated Drivers

  Timing Controllers

•  highly integrated chip embedded with source driver, timing 
  controller and power circuit
•  support RGB, LVDS input interfaces
•  support Single Gate, Dual Gate, Triple Gate panel structure
•  support GIP panel (a-TFT GIP or LTPS GIP) and non-GIP panel
•  support resolution up to 2880RBx1080 with cascaded chips
•  source driver output driving voltage ranging up to ±6.6V or 16V
•  support Fail Detect Function, including CRC Function
•  support Local Dimming Function
•  support Teletext OSD function
•  support COG and COF package type

•  support LVDS, eDP 1.2 input interface
•  support RSDS, mini-LVDS, Point-to-Point output interfaces
•  support Single Gate, Dual Gate, Triple Gate panel structure
•  support GIP panel (a-TFT GIP or LTPS GIP) and non-GIP panel
•  support various resolutions up to 4K1K(ICD) or 3K2K(CID)
•  support Local Dimming Function 
•  support Fail Detect Function, including CRC Function

  TFT-LCD TDDI Drivers

•  highly integrated chip embedded with source driver, timingcontroller, 

touch controller and power circuit

•  support LVDS input interfaces
•  support Single Gate, Dual Gate, Triple Gate a-TFT panel structure
•  support 2MUX, 3MUX, 6MUX LTPS panel structure
•  support GIP panel (a-TFT GIP or LTPS GIP) and non-GIP panel
•  support resolution up to 5760RBx720 with cascaded chips
•  source driver output driving voltage ranging up to ±6.6V
•  support Fail Detect Function, including CRC Function
•  support Color Engine function
•  support COG package type

Touch Controller ICs

We  offer  touch  controller  solutions  for  capacitive  touch  panels.  Our  touch  controller  solutions  are 
suitable for electronic devices employing touch panel screens of up to 13”, such as smartphones, mobile 
internet devices and tablet PCs. In the third quarter of 2011, we commenced shipping capacitive touch 
controller ICs to a worldwide brand smartphone customer. In 2013, we expanded our customers list to a lot 
more well-known smartphone and tablet PC brand customers.

Our capacitive touch controller possesses certain innovations and merits. It could support sensing and 
tracking of up to ten points. Its embedded micro-controller single chip solution contributes to reducing 
cost for flexible product design. Its auto calibration mechanism can meet strict validation requirements of 
leading smart phone brands. With sophisticated designed hardware and firmware supporting hybrid sensing 

47

 
combining merits of self capacitance and mutual capacitance, Himax’s touch controller could support out-cell 
and on-cell with various sensor patterns and stack-ups.

In 2015, we grew shipments of our touch controller product line with successful design-wins from 
several smartphone and tablet end brands. We continue to gain market share in out-cell and on-cell touch 
panel controller markets. Meanwhile, our technological capabilities endorsed by highly recognized end 
brands also caught the attention of leading in-cell panel makers. They have engaged us in the development 
of touch-display driver integrated circuit (TDDI) as a key strategic partner rather than just a display driver 
IC supplier. We have developed a series of TDDI in 2015 and 2016 for these tier one in-cell touch panel 
makers and started mass production in smartphone brands. We also started the mass production of our TDDI 
in tablet PC and automotive displays in 2019. In-cell TDDI, featuring thinner display, slimmer border, and 
better visual quality, has become the mainstream technology. Over time we will expand our TDDI solutions 
to replace discrete DDIC and touch controller IC.

The following table summarizes the features of our touch controller products:

Product
 Capacitive Touch Controller

Features

•  complete single chip touch controller solutions for handheld devices, 

supporting smartphones and tablet PCs

•  real multi-point capability support of up to 10 points
•  mass production with GG, GFF and one glass solution (“OGS”), and On-

cell touch 

•  support advanced functions such as passive stylus, glove, etc.
•  minimum components: simple, neat, and flexible mechanical design

ASIC service

From 2012, we had successfully completed several ASIC service projects for Japan top TV, Project 
and HMD makers with advanced and high performance customized video processing chips. All of these 
chips are implemented with our proprietary video process platform that includes our video process display 
IP and high-speed transmission IPs. The process nodes adopted for these ASIC are usually 40nm, 55nm 
and  even  28nm  processes.  From  2016,  we  also  developed  the  depth  sensing  technology  that  aims  3D 
sensing  and AR/VR  markets.  On  the  other  hand,  the  low  power  Convolution  Neural  Network  (CNN) 
accelerator platform is also developed for the emerging ultra-low-power Computer Vision market. 

The following table summarizes the features of our ASIC service:

Product

Features

  ASIC Service

•  Well-established ASIC development platform, based on our unique video 

processor and image processing technologies. 

•  offer  a  wide  variety  of  video  interface  IPs,  like  LVDS,  HDMI,  DVI, 

V-by-one, Display port, MIPI, MHL, etc.

•  built-in 8/32- bit microprocessor built-in video processing algorithm like 

super-high resolution, sun-light readable, MEMC, FRC, etc

•  built-in  3D  feature  technologies  like  2D-to-3D,  Glasses-free  3D,  3D 

multi-view, 3D visual protection, etc.

•  support 4K x 2K/ 5K x 2K/ 8K x 4K display
•  Depth sensing algorithm and hardware accelerator for 3D sensing and 

AR/VR applications

•  Low power Convolution Neural Network (CNN) algorithm and hardware 

accelerator for Computer Vision market

LCOS and MEMS Products

Himax Display, our subsidiary, has contributed to our microdisplay products lines: Color-filter LCOS, 

48

Color-sequential LCOS, Front-Lit™ LCOS and MEMS.

The latest development of Front-Lit™ LCOS enables an ultra-compact and extremely power-efficient 
optical  engine  by  consolidating  LED  illumination  system  and  the  polarization  beam  splitter  (PBS)  and 
integrating them into the micro display module itself. Front-Lit™ LCOS enables a much simplified optical 
engine design and assembly process and successfully lowered customers’ manufacturing time and costs.

Himax Display is the market leader of the LCOS industry based on market share since 2012 with the 
whole product line patented by the Company. We believe Himax Display is the only non-captive LCOS 
company that owned a mass production ready liquid crystal assembly line. We have produced and shipped 
over 2.0 million units from this ISO certified line. Our customers use our products in various applications 
such  as  pico-projector,  communication,  toy  projector, AR  glasses,  HUD  for  automotive  and  HUD  for 
motorcycle.

Both technologies have their own merits for different applications in resolution, power consumption, 
size,  cost,  optical  engine  design,  and  image  quality.  Many  of  our  industry-leading  customers  have 
demonstrated their state-of-the-art products, including holographic HUD, AR glasses and LiDAR system, 
with Himax LCOS technology inside at the 2020 CES with positive market feedbacks. Our technology 
leadership and proven manufacturing expertise have made us a preferred partner for customers in these 
emerging  markets  and  their  ongoing  engineering  projects  in AR  goggles  and  HUD  for  automotive 
applications.

We  provide  a  rich  products  family  for  customers  to  choose  for  different  applications,  since  each 
product has its own most important parameters to select. Himax Display provides choices to customers. 
The following table shows certain details of our products:

Product
Color-Filter LCOS Microdisplays

Color-Sequential LCOS 
Microdisplays

Size and Resolution

•  0.28” (320x240 pixels) QVGA
•  0.38” (640x360 pixels) nHD
•  0.44” (640x480 pixels) VGA
•  0.59” (800x600 pixels) SVGA
•  Customized design

•  0.22” (640 x 360 pixels) nHD
•  0.28” (852 x 480 pixels) WVGA
•  0.38” (640 x 480 pixels) VGA
•  0.37” (800 x 600 pixels) SVGA
•  0.37” (1366 x 768 pixels) WXGA
•  0.45” (1024 x 768 pixels) XGA
•  Customized design

Front-Lit™ Color Filter LCOS       

•  0.22” (640 x 360 pixels) nHD
•  Customized design

MEMS

Power ICs

•  0.55” (1280 x 800 pixels) WXGA

Himax provides TFT-LCD television, monitor and notebooks power management solutions. The main 
products are Power Managements ICs (PMIC), Programmable Gamma OP ICs (PGOP) and Level Shifter 
ICs (LS). In recent years, PMIC/PGOP/LS 3-in-1 PMIC has gradually become the mainstream solution.

Power Management ICs

49

A power management IC integrates several power components to fulfill system power requirements. It 
may include step-up or step-down pulse width modulation, or PWM, DC-to-DC converters, low-dropout 
regulators, or LDO regulators, voltage detectors, operational amplifiers, p-gamma OP, level shifters, or 
other components. For panel module applications, a power management IC provides a reliable and precise 
voltage for source drivers, gate drivers, timing controllers, and panel cells. Moreover, its built-in over-
temperature  and  over-current  protections  help  prevent  components  from  being  damaged  under  certain 
abnormal conditions. As integrating an increasing number of components into a power management IC is 
likely to be a continuing trend, we believe power management ICs will continue to be critical components 
of a TFT-LCD panel module. The following table summarizes certain features of our power management 
IC products:

Product
Integrated Multi-Channel Power
Solutions for Notebooks

Integrated Multi-Channel Power
Solutions for Monitors

Integrated Multi-Channel Power 
Solutions for TVs

Features

•  built-in power MOSFET
•  step-up PWM converter
•  charge pump regulator
•  LDO regulator
•  voltage detector
•  gate pulse modulator
•  Vcom operational amplifier
•  2ch programmable gamma voltage with operational amplifier
•  I2C programmable
•  low frame rate control for power saving solution

•  PMIC/PGOP/Level Shifter 3-in-1
•  built-in power MOSFET
•  step-up PWM converter
•  HV LDO regulator
•  voltage detector
•  gate pulse modulator
•  programmable Vcom voltage / Vcom operational amplifier
•  programmable gamma voltage with operational amplifier
•  level shifter

•  PMIC/PGOP/Level Shifter 3-in-1
•  built-in power MOSFET
•  step-up PWM converter
•  step-down PWM converter
•  charge pump regulator
•  HV LDO regulator
•  voltage detector
•  gate pulse modulator
•  Vcom operational amplifier
•  I2C programmable
•  level shifter
•  programmable gamma voltage with operational amplifie

Programmable Gamma OP ICs

It  is  a  Programmable  Gamma,  DVR  and  VCOM  IC.  Each  controlled  by  a  10-bit  digital  analog 
converter (DAC). The user can easily select one of the two gamma curves to compensate for the display. 
The PGOP also includes a channel DVR, VCOM buffer and built-in 7-bit DAC. Support 128-step to adjust 
the VCOM output voltage by I2C control setting automatically.

50

Product
 14 channel PGOP for dual gate GOA
     TFT-LCD 

Features

•  Programmable gamma buffer DVR and VCOM buffer
•  14 channel analog output gamma reference voltage
•  10-bit Gamma DAC resolution
•  2 Gamma bank register
•  2 Gamma bank NVM
•  Built in output channel resister
•  I2C interface

Level shifter

TFT-LCD panel manufacturers have developed panel designs to reduce the usage of display drivers, 
like gateless designs, which integrate the gate driver function onto the glass but needed level shifter. All 
level  shifter  channels  feature  the  same  input  circuitry  and  are  compatible  with  the  standard  logic-level 
signals  generated  by  timing  controllers  in  typical  applications. The  level  shifter  converts  the  timing-
controller (TCON) logic-level signals to the high-level signals needed by the GOA (gate on array) display. 
The  output  circuitry  has  been  designed  to  achieve  high  rise  and  fall  times  when  driving  the  capacitive 
loads typically encountered in TFT-LCD display applications.

Product
 16- channel level shifter for dual gate 
    GOA TFT-LCD

Features

•  support two kinds of T-con input signals
•  6/8/10 clock channel output
•  2 channel STV
•  2 channel LC
•  2 discharge channels
•  support charge sharing function
•  reset function
•  OTP/OCP (detect level, time and count) with I2C adjustment
•  Support 2 input and 6/8/10 output

LED driver

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that is widely used in lighting, display 
and TFT  LCD  backlight  nowadays. The  advantages  of  LEDs  as  light  sources  are  the  small  size,  fast 
switching, low power consumption and long lifetime etc. 

LED driver IC is designed to dim the LEDs with critical features like, high current accuracy, high 
current  matching,  short  LED  protection,  open  LED  protection,  over  voltage  protection,  ghosting  effect 
reduction and current sink leakage protection etc.

Product

Customer ASIC

•  By Customer Specification

Features

CMOS Image Sensor Products

The  CMOS image  sensor  products  are developed by our subsidiary, Himax Imaging. The products 
were designed firstly for camera-equipped mobile devices, such as mobile phones, tablets and notebook 
computers,  with  a  focus  on  low  light  image  and  video  quality.  Based  on  the  technologies  and  IP  we 
developed,  our  product  lines  have  been  expanded  to  cover  three  domains:  ultra-low  power  computer 
vision- Always-On Sensor (“AoS”), Near Infrared (“NIR”) sensor, and big pixel BSI sensors in automotive 
and surveillance. In 2019, we further prioritized our focus on ultra-low power computer vision- Always-
On Sensor (“AoS”) as the demand for battery-powered smart device with AI intelligent sensing is rapidly 
growing. Together with the technologies we already developed, such as Near Infrared (“NIR”) sensor, we 
can provide our customers the best integrated solutions for several specific domains.

51

In  addition  to  advancing  our AoS  sensor  to  drive  the  power  as  low  as  possible,  we  also  devote 
ourselves to developing sensors that have industry leading small pixel (1.12um) with higher near infrared 
Quantum Efficiency (“QE”) to support the new generation cameras. Their superior performance hugely 
helps to reduce the system’s power consumption and therefore enhances the system performance. With 
the high QE in NIR band, we open the doors to building more sensor and camera systems for machine 
vision. For example, our latest laptop product, HM110B1, is a critical part of Himax’s WiseEye solution, 
an AI-based ultra-low power smart sensing total solution. Given its cool and slim (narrower than 2mm) 
dimension  to  support  ultra-thin  bezel,  we  combine  original  RGB  video  conference  sensor,  IR  sensor 
originally for Windows Hello support, and newly added intelligent AoS sensor into a single silicon. This 
3-in-1  sensor not only enables  new features, but also hugely saves laptop makers’ effort in mechanical 
design and overall cost.

We  are  committed  to  be  a  key  player  in  the  CMOS  image  sensor  business  with  investments  in 
experienced  human  resources,  an  efficient  supply  chain,  and  strategic  technology  developments  and 
partnerships to further increase the performance and features of small and specially designed pixel sensors.

The following table sets forth the features of our CMOS image sensor products:

Product
5MP UltraSense 2TM NIR Sensor

Features

•  1/2.6” format color type with high sensitivity BSI pixel
•  5MP resolution at 45 frames per second, support QHD video at 

60 frames per second

•  Compact die size design to support small modules
•  4x NIR sensitivity at 940nm
•  4-lane MIPI CSI2 outputs RAW8/10

2.0MP ClearViewTM Color Image 
Sensor

•  1/5” format color type
•  UXGA  YUV  output  at  30  frames  per  second,  720p  HD 

resolution at 60 frames per second
•  1-lane MIPI CSI2 outputs RAW8/10

•  1/6” format with high sensitivity BSI pixel
•  1080p FHD resolution at 60 frames per second
•  Low power consumption 
•  Alternating frame support for HDR
•  Provide 2x2 RGB-IR option
•  2-lane MIPI CSI2 outputs 
•  Frame-Sync control for multiple camera system 

•  1/3” format with high sensitivity BSI pixel
•  1080p HD resolution at 60 frames per second
•  Low power consumption 
•  Support for Staggered HDR
•  Provide high NIR sensitivity option
•  2-lane MIPI CSI2 and 12bit parallel DVP outputs 
•  Frame-Sync control for multiple camera system

•  1/4” format with high sensitivity BSI pixel
•  1080p FHD resolution at 30 frames per second
•  Low power consumption 
•  Provide high NIR sensitivity and 4x4 RGB-IR option
•  2-lane MIPI CSI2 and 10bit parallel DVP outputs 
•  Frame-Sync control for multiple camera system

FHD 1/6” 1080p UltraSenseTM
Color Image Sensor 

FHD 1/3” 1080p UltraSenseTM
Color Image Sensor 

FHD 1/4” 1080p UltraSenseTM
Color Image Sensor 

52

 
Product

HD 720p UltraSenseTM Color
Image Sensor

HD 720p UltraSense 2TM Color
Image Sensor

Features

•  1/6.5” format with high sensitivity BSI pixel
•  720p HD resolution at 60 frames per second
•  Low power consumption 
•  Support Intel SSC function on MIPI I/F
•  1-lane MIPI CSI2 outputs RAW8/10

•  1/9” format with high sensitivity BSI pixel
•  720p HD resolution at 30 frames per second
•  Low power consumption 
•  Support LED-sync for Microsoft Windows Hello
•  1-lane MIPI CSI2 outputs RAW8/10

HD 720p Ultra Low Power Color 
Image Sensor

•  1/11” format with high sensitivity BSI pixel
•  720p HD resolution at 60 frames per second
•  Ultra  slim  design  to  meet  2.2mm  narrow  bezel  notebook 

1.3MP ClearSenseTM EDR Color 
Image Sensor embedded with image 
processor for Surveillance

1.2MP UltraSense 2TM Color Image 
Sensor embedded with image 
processor for Automotive

computer

•  Provide  Ultra  Low  Power  mode  >1mW  for  qqHD  3fps  for 

human detection application

•  Provide RGB-IR version for Windows Hello
•  Support Motion Detection to save system power
•  SPI and 1-lane MIPI CSI2 dual outputs for both detection and 

video

•  1/4” format with ultra-high sensitivity
•  ClearSenseTM  achieves  higher  dynamic  range  in  color  up  to 

84dB with on-chip tone mapping

•  800p and 720p resolution at 30 frames per second
•  FlexiTM engine automatically controls dynamic range, exposure, 
gain, and white balance to balance color fidelity and contrast
•  Color processing pipeline including lens shading correction, 
defect correction, edge enhancement, color interpolation and 
correction, gamma control, and saturation/hue adjustment.

•  Anti-blooming and dark sun cancellation
•  Built-in low dropout regulator and power on reset
•  10-bit parallel video data port supports RAW, YUV422, and 

RGB565/555/444

•  1/4” format with ultra-high sensitivity
•  Ultrasense 2TM BSI pixel offers higher sensitivity for low light 

condition

•  Operation up to 105ºC
•  960p and 720p resolution at 30 frames per second
•  Color processing pipeline including lens shading correction, 
defect correction, edge enhancement, color interpolation and 
correction, gamma control, and saturation/hue adjustment
•  Dynamic Range Optimizer offers best dynamic range of video
•  Anti-blooming and dark sun cancellation
•  Built-in low dropout regulator and power on reset
•  10-bit parallel video data port supports RAW, YUV422, and 

RGB565/555/444

53

Product
NTSC/PAL WVGA Color Image 
System on embedded with image 
processor for Automotive and 
Surveillance

Features

•  High sensitivity, low noise VGA sensor operating up to 60FPS
•  Visible and near infrared sensitivity
•  Operation up to 105ºC  
•  Ultra-compact automotive package
•  Advanced defect correction with built-in temperature sensor 
•  Embedded  ISP  with  programmable  automatic  exposure  and 

white balance

•  Optical alignment pixel with crop and zoom to native resolution
•  4Kb OTP for sensor initialization, module storage, and overlay 

setting

•  Multi-color static overlay engine

QVGA Ultra-Low Power CMOS 
Color Image System for Machine 
Vision and Detection

•  High sensitivity, low noise 1/11” 320x320 image area
•  Under 2.5mW at QVGA 30fps and 1mW at QQVGA 15fps
•  Embedded auto-exposure and motion detection
•  NeoPac and CSP package
•  Parallel 8bits, 4bits and 1bit data output

VGA Ultra-Low Power CMOS 
Color Image System for Machine 
Vision and Detection

•  High sensitivity, low noise 1/6” 640x480 image area
•  Operates approximately 7mA VGA 60FPS to 140µA in QVGA 

2FPS mode 

•  Provide high accurate motion detection
•  Pre-metered exposure provides well exposed first frame and 

after extended sleep (blanking) period

•  Automatic wake and sleep operation with programmable event 

interrupt to host processor

•  Parallel 8bits and 1-Lane MIPI CSI2 interface

Wafer Level Optics Products

 Wafer level optics are optical products manufactured using semiconductor process on wafers. This 
innovative  approach  enables  wafer  level  optics  to  manufacture  micro/nano  optics  structure  and  high 
temperature resistance, making the compatible Surface-Mount Technology or SMT reflow process possible. 
We offer entire optical solutions for customers who need compact and easy-to-handle optical products on 
their electronic devices.

Combining  traditional  optical  lens  design,  precise  mold  control  and  semiconductor  manufacturing 
expertise, our WLO lens with integrated waveguide, refractive optics and diffractive optical element (DOE) 
is the best solution for next generation computational imaging module for 2D/3D illumination and 3D dot 
projector, which can be applied to 3D face recognition, 3D sensing, 3D reconstruction, and gesture control. 
With the innovative process and specific structure, our wafer level optics products provide small form factor 
and  compact  module  size  to  be  easily  integrated  into  consumer  products  such  as  smartphones, AR/VR 
devices, and other mobile devices.

Our WLO technology is also adapted to form microstructure such as lens array, DOE and lenticular lens 
for advanced applications in digital and computational imaging fields. These technologies stand in a unique 
position to integral optical design, semiconductor manufacturing process, and compact packaging service, 
which are rarely covered by one single company. Deeply rooted in core wafer level optics technologies, we 
provide highly customized optical solutions and high-volume manufacturing to many tier 1 customers in the 
AR/VR, mobile device and wearable front. 

Our WLO business hit inflection in the middle of 2017 when we began mass shipment to an anchor 
customer. The overall 2018 shipment increased considerably year-over-year because of the customer’s large-
scale adoption in more models. In 2019, we continued the strong shipment momentum from 2018 to fulfill 

54

on anchor customer’s higher demand with a significant year-over-year increase. Himax’s WLO business in 
terms of shipment volume has been largely dependent on one anchor customer for the past 30 months. We 
continue to make progress with our ongoing R&D projects for next generation products centered around our 
exceptional design know-how and mass production expertise in WLO technology.

The following table sets forth the features of our wafer level optics products:

Product

Refractive Optical Lens 

Diffractive Optical Element (DOE)

Features

•  for  Micro  Lens Array  (MLA)  illumination  diffuser,  lighting 
control, flux illumination lens, collimation lens, and compact 
size camera lens

•  provide multi-layer solution including optical AR coating, IR-

cutting filter coating, aspheric surface 

•  double-side manufacture process
•  already in mass production

•  computational imaging, flux illumination, dot projector for 3D 
sensing, 3D reconstruction, gesture and illumination control 
•  using WLO process to integral multi-layers DOE and refractive 

lens  

•  provide customized solution for specific application
•  the smallest form factor and reflowable component 
•  eye safety detect circuit embedded 

Diffuser element for flood 
illumination and TOF

•  using WLO process to integral multi-layers DOE technology 
•  the smallest form factor and reflowable component
•  eye safety detect circuit embedded

Near Infrared (NIR) Projector 
Module

Flood illumination Module

3D Sensing Business

•  dot projector module solution for computer vision, 3D sensing, 

3D reconstruction, gesture and illumination control 

•  integral  NIR  Laser  (830/850/940nm),  optical  system 
(refractive+ diffractive lens) and high precise active alignment 
assembly solution to provide the smallest form factor
•  module design for smartphone and other mobile devices
•  provide customized module solution for different application
•  the smallest form factor and reflowable device
•  including active eye safety solution (Class-1) 

•  provide customized solution for specific application integral 
NIR Laser (830/850/940nm), and high precise active alignment 
assembly solution

•  module design for smartphone and other mobile devices
•  the smallest form factor and reflowable device
•  including active eye safety solution (Class-1) 

We continue to participate in most of the smartphone OEMs’ ongoing 3D sensing projects covering 
structured light and time-of-flight (ToF). However, in 2018, our structured light-based 3D sensing total 
solution targeting Android smartphone’s front-facing application was unsuccessful due to the high hardware 
cost of 3D sensing, the long development lead time required to integrate it into the smartphone and the lack 
of killer applications which is limited to phone unlock and online payment. Instead of 3D sensing, most of 
the Android phone makers have chosen the lower cost finger print technology which can achieve similar 
phone unlock and online payment functions with somewhat compromised user experience.

55

 
Being a leading provider of 3D sensing technology, Himax is also an active participant in smartphone 
OEMs’ design projects for new devices involving ToF technology. We are seeing increasing ToF adoption 
by  smartphone  makers  for  world-facing  cameras  to  enable  advanced  photography,  distance/dimension 
measurement and 3D depth information generation for AR. Unlike structured light 3D sensing where we 
provide total solution or just projector module or optics depending on customers’ needs, with ToF, we will 
only focus on transmitter module by leveraging our WLO related expertise. In the past few months, we have 
been actively working with an industry leading ToF 3D camera vendor to develop a new and advanced ToF 
solution, targeting Android smartphones. Leveraging on our WLO technology, we have made great progress 
providing the partner with spot projector for their reference design which will be ready for leading Android 
smartphone makers’ evaluation as soon as first quarter of 2020.

We reported at second quarter 2019 earnings call on August 7, we have adjusted our structured light-
based 3D sensing technology development to focus on applications for non-smartphone segments which are 
typically less sensitive to cost and always require a total solution.

3D  sensing  can  have  a  wide  range  of  applications  beyond  smartphone. We  have  started  to  explore 
business opportunities in various industries by leveraging our structured light 3D sensing total solution. Such 
industries are typically less sensitive to cost and always require a total solution. Our current non-smartphone 
3D-sensing engagements have focused on smart door lock and industrial automation segments where we 
provide structured light-based 3D sensing total solution. We have been collaborating closely mainly with 
two types of partners: those with industry-leading expertise in facial recognition algorithm and those offering 
application processors with strong AI capability. We have started design-in projects with several smart door 
lock end customers. Separately, as we previously mentioned, we are working with partners who wish to take 
advantage of our 3D sensing know-how to achieve efficiency improvement and cost reduction in traditional 
manufacturing. One market opportunity we are pursuing is shoe factory automation. The prototypes of 3D 
sensing enabled automatic robotic cementing system are available now for production optimization testing.

Our critical 3D sensing Technologies include the followings. 

Wafer Level Optics Products 

WLO  is  one  of  the  key  technologies  enabling  3D  sensing, AR  goggle  devices,  and  many  other 
applications. At present, 3D sensing is the top priority of our WLO business. Levering on our exceptional 
design know-how and mass production experience in WLO technology, we are able to produce the world’s 
most compact optics required of 3D sensing while achieving superior performance and lower costs. 

ASIC

One of the critical elements of our 3D sensing total solution is an ASIC for 3D depth map generation. 
We are able to develop the ASIC thanks to our unique in-house capability in developing video ASICs for 
customers.  Equipped  with  the ASIC,  our  3D  sensing  total  solution  can  substantially  reduce  the  power 
consumed  while  processing  3D  sensing,  enhance  personal  data  security,  accelerate  the  3D  depth  map 
generation, and provide the superior depth data output match with our optical component. We view this 
unique capability as a significant competitive advantage. It has been and will continue to be one of our key 
drivers in the success of our 3D sensing total solution.

Active Alignment

With much experience in optical assembly for AR and VR devices, our factory has developed a system 
to do active alignment for tiny components. From the incoming quality check, assembly process, and testing, 
all steps are monitored and checked. The precision assembly capability gives us a very good foundation to do 
the optical assembly for DOE, WLO, and laser.

Laser Driver

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Based  on  our  expertise  in  projector,  optics,  and  driver,  we  have  designed  a  special  Glass  Broken 
Detection (“GBD”) mechanism on our projector. With the support from laser driver, it can cease the laser to 
prevent users from being exposed to higher power laser energy.

The following table sets forth the features of our SLiMTM 3D sensing total solutions:

Product
SLiMTM 3D sensing total solution

Features

•  Dot  projector:  More  than  33,000  invisible  dots,  the  highest 
in  the  industry,  projected  onto  object  to  build  the  most 
sophisticated 3D depth map among all structured light solutions
•  Depth  map  accuracy:  Error  rate  of  <  0.5%  within  the  entire 

operation range of 30cm-100cm

•  Face recognition: Enabled by the most sophisticated 3D depth 
data  to  build  unique  facial  map  that  can  be  used  for  instant 
unlock and secure online payment

•  Indoor/outdoor  sensitivity:  Superior  sensing  capability  even 

under total darkness or bright sunlight 

•  Eye safety: Certified for IEC 60825 Class 1, the international 
laser product standard which governs laser product safety under 
all conditions of normal use with naked eyes

•  Glass  broken  detection:  Patented  glass  broken  detection 
mechanism  in  the  dot  projector  whereby  laser  is  shut  down 
instantaneously in the event of broken glass in the projector
•  Power consumption: Less than 400mW for projector, sensor 
and  depth  decoding  combined,  making  it  the  lowest  power 
consuming 3D sensing device by far among all structured light 
solutions

•  Module  size:  the  smallest  structured  light  solution  in  the 

market, ideal for embedded and mobile device integration

Ultra-low power smart sensing

The demand for always-on battery-powered smart devices with AI intelligent sensing is rapidly growing. 
By combining an ultra-low-power image sensor with a custom computer vision ASIC and machine-learning 
algorithms, Himax WiseEye® is helping to enrich connected devices with AI. With an always-on camera 
optimized algorithm performance, the system consumes less than 1mW and is leading the industry in next-
generation, battery operated, clever visual sensors. The WiseEye total solution is also being evaluated in 
variety of applications, security, smart building, industrial and automotive are only few. Currently laptop is 
the market of focus. Himax WiseEye 2.0 NB solution provides a ‘laptop-ready’ 3-in-1 RGB/IR/AI solution, 
respecting privacy while enhancing security for notebook users. At the CES 2020, several leading notebook 
OEMs and ODMs demonstrated our WiseEye NB solution in their next generation premium notebooks with 
positive feedback. 

In addition to notebook, we have also made progress in the displays and IoT markets. Innolux, one of the 
world's leading manufacturers of TFT-LCD displays, has integrated the Himax-Emza WiseEye solution into 
displays to enable consumer privacy protection in real time. Chicony, one of the largest ODMs in the world, 
and Emza jointly announced a reference design of the world’s first battery-powered human sensing solution 
for IoT in December 2019. Both Innolux and Chicony showcased their products at the CES. Except for 
providing total solution, Himax is also able to offer ultra-low power smart sensing on the basis of individual 
parts so as to address the market’s different needs and maximize the potential opportunities for Himax.

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  features  of  our  ultra-low  power  smart  sensing  - WiseEye  total 

solutions:

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Product
WiseEye ULP AI based total 
   solution 

Features

•  Ideal for battery operated devices enables always on mode of 
operation supporting both continuous operation and periodic 
wakeup mode, enabling long battery life

•  Total solution supports use of a variety of Himax CMOS image 
sensors – HM01B0 qVGA, HM0360 VGA and HM11B1 RGB/
IR/AI  hybrid  sensor.  Uniquely  designed  for  ULP  Computer 
Vision applications with always on scanning as low as 100uW.
•  ULP  CV  MCU: WiseEye  1 ASIC  a  unique  ULP  computer 
vision processing silicon that is targeting always on applications 
with a sub 1mW capabilities. Processing at the edge: motion 
detection, human detection and face detection.   

•  Emza  computer  vision  algorithms,  a  lean  machine  learning 
framework. Sensor is trainable for desired use cases (human 
full  body,  human  upper  body,  face).  Works  on  ultra-low 
compute resources platform (CPU clock, internal memory)

•  Total solution support Zoning capabilities and ignores events in 

non-relevant space. 

Himax’s proprietary computer vision processor, WiseEye WE-I Plus, is an AI-enabled ASIC platform 
solution. It can support popular machine learning frameworks, such as Google Tensor Flow lite, for the 
system  customer  to  develop  a  wide  range  of  video  and  audio AI  applications  where  power  is  a  strict 
constraint  and  on-device  memory  is  limited. Typical  applications  include  smart  home  applications  and 
surveillance systems. Besides from providing edge AI ASIC platform solutions to end customers to build 
their own solutions, WiseEye WE-I Plus ASIC also work with some first-tier voice and image algorithm 
solution venders and system integration vendors to build up ECO system to provide turn-key solutions. There 
are four target markets in which we already have established the total solutions and work with some brand 
name companies, including AI TV, Smart Air conditioner, Smart door lock and Smart Surveillance. 

The following table sets forth the features of our WiseEye WE-I Plus ASIC product:

Product

WiseEye WE-I Plus ASIC

Features

•  Ultra-low power consumption: 40 uW/MHz 
•  Support image, voice trigger simultaneously to wake up system
•  Optimized multi-layer power states for always-on applications
•  Ready-for-  use  software  package  and  Machine  Learning 
Library, including device driver, SDK and embARC Machine 
Learning Inference Library to support Google TensorFlow Lite 
Micro framework

•  ARC-EM9D 32-bit DSP: Frequency up to 400MHz, 
•  Memory: Up to 2MByte SRAM 
•  High performance pixel processing accelerator and JPEG codec
•  Security  Engine:  Support  secure  boot,  secure  FW  update, 
secure  debug  mode,  Support AES  128bits,  RSA  2048bits, 
Hash-256, TRNG, Secure key management

•  Peripheral: 1/4/8-bit camera interface, I2C/SPI master/slave, 
UART, PWM, GPIO with 5 wake-up pins, 12-bit ADC with 4 
channels, up to 1Msps, RTC Timer 

Core Technologies and Know-How

Driving System Technology. Through our collaboration with panel manufacturers, we have developed 
extensive  knowledge  of  circuit  design, TFT-LCD  driving  systems,  high-voltage  processes  and  display 
systems,  all  of  which  are  important  to  the  design  of  high-performance TFT-LCD  display  drivers.  Our 
engineers  have  in-depth  knowledge  of  the  driving  system  technology,  which  is  the  architecture  for  the 

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interaction between the source driver, gate driver, timing controller and power systems as well as other 
passive components. We believe that our understanding of the entire driving system has strengthened our 
design capabilities. Our engineers are highly skilled in designing power efficient and compact display drivers 
that enhance the performance of TFT-LCD. We are leveraging our know-how of display drivers and driving 
system technology to develop display drivers for panels utilizing other technologies such as OLED.

High-Voltage CMOS Circuit Design. Unlike most other semiconductors, TFT-LCD display drivers 
require a high output voltage of 3.3 to 50 volts. We have developed circuit design technologies using a high-
voltage CMOS process that enables us to produce high-yield, reliable and compact drivers for high-volume 
applications. Moreover, our technologies enable us to keep the driving voltage at very high uniformity, which 
can be difficult to achieve when using standard CMOS process technology.

3D Technologies. Several technologies in Himax are integrated together to form our 3D solution. First, 
wafer level imprinted technology is used to design and manufacture DOE and WLO. Then, our in-house 
capability on semiconductor enable us to design IC particularly match our optical component. Our expertise 
in precision assembly in optics also help us to provide a more complete solution to our customers.

High-Bandwidth Interfaces. In addition to high-voltage circuit design, TFT-LCD display drivers require 
high bandwidth transmission for video signals. We have applied several high-speed interfaces, including 
transistor-transistor  logic  (“TTL”),  Reduced  Swing  Differential  Signaling  (“RSDS”),  mini  low-voltage 
differential signaling (“LVDS”), dual-edge TTL (“DETTL”), turbo Reduced Swing Differential Signaling 
(“RSDS”), Mobile Industry Processor Interface (“MIPI”) and other customized interfaces in our display 
drivers. Moreover, we are developing additional driver interfaces for special applications with optimized 
speed, lower EMI and higher system stability.

Die Shrink and LowPower Technologies. Our engineers are highly skilled in employing their knowledge 
of driving technology and high-voltage CMOS circuit design to shrink the die size of our display drivers 
while leveraging their understanding of driving technology and panel characteristics to design display drivers 
with low power consumption. Die size is an important consideration for applications with size constraints. 
Smaller die size also reduces the cost of the chip. Lower power consumption is important for many portable 
devices such as notebook computers, mobile handsets and consumer electronics products.

Customers

Our  customers  for  display  drivers  are  primarily  panel  manufacturers  and  mobile  device  module 
manufacturers, who in turn design and market their products to manufacturers of end-use products such as 
notebook computers, desktop monitors, televisions, mobile handsets and consumer electronics products. 
We may sell our products through agents or distributors for certain products or in certain regions. As of 
December 31, 2019, we sold our products to more than 200 customers. Our ten largest customers together 
accounted for approximately 74.6% and 75.6% of our revenues in 2018 and 2019, respectively. In 2018 and 
2019, our two largest customers accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue: customer A and its affiliates 
accounted for 28.1% and 29.5% of our revenues, respectively; customer B and its affiliates accounted for 
12.6% and 8.9% of our revenues, respectively. 

Certain of our customers provide us with a long-term (twelve-month) forecast plus three-month rolling 
non-binding forecasts and confirm orders about one month ahead of scheduled delivery. In general, purchase 
orders are not cancellable by either party, although from time to time we and our customers have agreed to 
amend the terms of such orders. 

As a semiconductor company, we are not immune to a customer’s supplier decision which can work 
in or against our favor. We were informed of a product replacement decision by the anchor customer after 
our fourth quarter 2018 earnings call on February 19, 2019. Foreseeing that WLO shipment volume in 2019 
would decline significantly starting from the third quarter, we disclosed the information in our 20-F filing in 
March 2019. The filing also warned of the additional negative impact the anticipated volume fall-off would 
cause to our 2019 margin and profitability as the substantial cut-back of WLO fab capacity utilization would 

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lead to higher equipment depreciation and fab overhead on a per unit basis. As it turned out, we have been 
notified by the anchor customer of their new decision. Contrary to our earlier warning, our second half 2019 
WLO shipment increased significantly to a scale higher than that of the same period last year. We believe 
the customer’s earlier replacement decision was a normal occurrence in the semiconductor industry and 
are pleased that its new decision has removed the concerns on the short-term impact over the revenue and 
profitability of our WLO business. Regardless, we believe such incidents would not affect our long-term 
partnership with the anchor customer. We continue to make progress with our ongoing R&D projects for next 
generation products centered around our exceptional design know-how and mass production expertise in 
WLO technology.

Sales and Marketing

We  focus  our  sales  and  marketing  strategy  on  establishing  business  and  technology  relationships 
principally  with TFT-LCD  panel  manufacturers,  panel  manufacturers  using  LTPS  or  OLED,  or  Oxide 
technologies, mobile display module and mobile device manufacturers and camera module houses in order 
to work closely with them on future semiconductor solutions that align with their product road maps. Our 
engineers collaborate with our customers’ engineers to create products that comply with their specifications 
and  provide  a  high  level  of  performance  at  competitive  prices  and  also  create  customized  features  for 
end brand customers. Our end market for large-sized panels is concentrated among a limited number of 
major panel manufacturers. We also market our products directly to monitor, notebook and mobile device 
manufacturers so that our products can be qualified for their specifications and designed into their products. 
Furthermore, we extend our business development with system and ODM companies by using strategic ASIC 
business model to not only develop ASIC product based on customer specification but also jointly research 
and develop new technologies  to  meet customers' future product demand. Additionally, we will form a 
strategic partnership with tier-1 customers for our LCOS microdisplays to penetrate into an emerging market. 
We believe we need this close relationship with our customers to create a new application eco system.

We primarily sell our products through our direct sales teams located in Taiwan, China, South Korea 
and Japan. We also have dedicated sales teams for certain of our most important current or prospective 
customers. We have offices in Tainan, Hsinchu, Taipei, Taiwan; and Shenzen and Suzhou, China. We have 
other sales and technical support offices in Hefei, Beijing, Shanghai, Fuzhou, Foshan, Fuqing, Ningbo, 
Wuhan, Chongqing, Chengdu, Xi’an and Xiamen, China; Tokyo, Japan; Asan-si and Bundang-gu, South 
Korea; Givatayim, Israel; and Irvine and Campbell, California and Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, all in 
close proximity to our customers. For certain products or regions, we may sell our products through agents or 
distributors.

Our sales and marketing team possesses a high level of technical expertise and industry knowledge used 
to support a lengthy and complex sales process. This includes a highly trained team of product managers 
and field applications engineers. Our team is equipped with extensive strategic marketing experience and a 
strong capability to identify market trends. We also provide technical support and assistance to potential and 
existing customers in system/SoC architecture, designing, testing and qualifying display modules, camera 
modules and end application systems that incorporate our products and ASICs. We believe that the depth and 
quality of this design support are key to improving customers’ time-to-market and maintaining a high level of 
customer satisfaction.

Manufacturing

We operate primarily in a fabless business model that utilizes substantially third-party foundry and 
assembly and testing capabilities. We leverage our experience and engineering expertise to design high-
performance  semiconductors  and  rely  on  semiconductor  manufacturing  service  providers  for  wafer 
fabrication, gold bumping, assembly and testing. We also rely largely on third-party suppliers of processed 
tape used in TAB packaging. We engage foundries with high-voltage CMOS process technology for our 
display drivers and engage assembly and testing houses that specialize in TAB and COG packages, thereby 
taking advantage of the economies of scale and the specialization of such semiconductor manufacturing 
service providers. Our primarily fabless model enables us to capture certain financial and operational benefits, 

60

including reduced manufacturing personnel, capital expenditures, fixed assets and fixed costs. It also gives us 
the flexibility to use the technology and service providers that are the most suitable for any given product. 

We operate a fab under Himax Display primarily for performing manufacturing processes for our LCOS 
microdisplays. Moreover, for better integration, we also established an in-house color filter facility under 
Himax Taiwan, which commenced shipments from 2010. This in-house facility provides color filter for 
CMOS image sensor products with over 50 million optics shipment record to tier-1 customers and LCOS 
products. The color filter line is a critical and unique process for our proprietary single-panel color LCOS 
microdisplays. An in-house color filter facility enhances the competitiveness of our LCOS products and 
creates value for our customers. In addition, we have established an in-house WLO facility under Himax 
Taiwan for the key process of our wafer level optics products, which commenced small-scale shipments 
in December 2009. We began construction of our new building, Fab 2, in March 2017, located nearby the 
current headquarters to house additional WLO capacity, the new active alignment equipment needed for our 
3D sensing business and to provide extra office space. The construction of Fab 2 was completed in the first 
half of 2018.

Manufacturing Stages

The diagram below sets forth the various stages in manufacturing display drivers according to the two 
different types of assembly utilized: TAB or COG. The assembly type depends primarily on the application 
and design of the  panel and is determined by our customers. 

Wafer  Fabrication: Based  on  our  design,  the  foundry  provides  us  with  fabricated  wafers.  Each 

fabricated wafer contains many chips, each known as a die.

Gold Bumping: After the wafers are fabricated, they are delivered to gold bumping houses where gold 
bumps are plated on each wafer. The gold bumping process uses thin film metal deposition, photolithography 

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and electrical plating technologies. The gold bumps are plated onto each wafer to connect the die to the 
processed tape, in the case of TAB package, or the glass, in the case of COG package.

Chip Probe Testing: Each die is electrically tested, or probed, for defects. Dies that fail this test are discarded.

Assembly and Testing: Our display drivers use two types of assembly technology: TAB or COG. Display 
drivers for large-sized applications typically require TAB package types and to a lesser extent COG package 
types, whereas display drivers for mobile handsets and consumer electronics products typically require COG 
package types.

TAB Assembly

We  use  two  types  of TAB  technologies: TCP  and  COF. TCP  and  COF  packages  are  both  made  of 
processed tape that is typically 35mm or 48mm wide, plated with copper foil and has a circuit formed within 
it. TCP and COF packages differ, however, in terms of their chip connections. With TCP packages, a hole 
is punched through the processed tape in the area of the chip, which is connected to a flying lead made of 
copper. By contrast, with COF packages, the lead is mounted directly on the processed tape and there is no 
flying lead. In recent years, COF packages have become predominantly used in TAB technology.

• 

Inner-Lead Bonding: The TCP and COF assembly process involves grinding the bumped wafers into 
their required thickness and cutting the wafers into individual dies, or chips. An inner lead bonder 
machine connects the chip to the printed circuit processed tape and the package is sealed with resin 
at high temperatures.

•  Final  Testing: The  assembled  display  drivers  are  tested  to  ensure  that  they  meet  performance 
specifications. Testing takes place on specialized equipment using software customized for each 
product.

COG Assembly

COG assembly connects display drivers directly to LCD panels without the need for processed tape. 
COG assembly involves grinding the tested wafers into their required thickness and cutting the wafers into 
individual dies, or chips. Each individual die is picked and placed into a chip tray and is then visually or 
auto-inspected for defects. The dies are packed within a tray in an aluminum bag after completion of the 
inspection process.

Quality Assurance

We maintain a comprehensive quality assurance system. Using a variety of methods, from conducting 
rigorous simulations during the circuit design process to evaluating supplier performance at various stages 
of  our  products’  manufacturing  process,  we  seek  to  bring  about  improvements  and  achieve  customer 
satisfaction. In addition to monitoring customer satisfaction through regular reviews, we implement extensive 
supplier quality controls so that the products we outsource achieve our high standards. Prior to engaging a 
third party as our supplier, we perform a series of audits on their operations, and upon engagement, we hold 
frequent quality assurance meetings with our suppliers to evaluate such factors as product quality, production 
costs, technological sophistication and timely delivery.

In November 2002,  we  received ISO 9001 certification, which was renewed in February 2018 and 
will expire in February 2021. In February 2006, we received ISO 14001 certification, which was renewed 
in December 2017 and will expire in December 2020. In addition, in March 2007, we received IECQ QC 
080000 certification, which was renewed in February 2019 and will expire in March 2022.

Environmental Management System and Safety and Health Management System 

Himax follows closely the global environmental trends, including energy saving and waste reduction, in 

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its daily operations. The Company is certified in accordance with ISO14001, OHSAS18001 and ISO14064.

Himax is a leader in its sector when it comes to the environment and safety, operating under measures 
much  more  stringent  than  domestic  regulations. The  Company  aims  to  grow  sustainably,  delivering 
economic, social and environmental benefits with its healthy employees. 

Himax  has  also  been  tirelessly  reducing  impacts  to  the  environment  and  improving  safety  in  its 

operations, specifically targeting product design and waste handling.

Semiconductor Manufacturing Service Providers and Suppliers

Through  our  relationships  with  leading  foundries,  assembly,  gold  bumping  and  testing  houses  and 
processed tape suppliers, we believe we have established a supply chain that enables us to deliver high-
quality products to our customers in a timely manner.

Access to semiconductor manufacturing service providers is critical as display drivers require high-
voltage CMOS process technology and specialized assembly and testing services, all of which are different 
from  industry  standards. We  have  obtained  our  foundry  services  from TSMC, Vanguard,  Macronix, 
Globalfoundries Singapore, SMIC and PSMC in the past few years and have also established relationships 
with UMC, Nexchip and SKHYSI. These are among a select number of semiconductor manufacturers that 
provide high-voltage CMOS process technology required for manufacturing display drivers. We engage 
assembly  and  testing  houses  that  specialize  in TAB  and  COG  packages  such  as  Chipbond,  Chipmore 
International  trading  company  Ltd.,  ChipMOS Technologies  Inc.,  Nepes  Corporation  and  King Yuan 
Electronics Co., Ltd.

We plan to strengthen our relationships with our existing semiconductor manufacturing service providers 
and diversify our network of such service providers in order to ensure access to sufficient cost-competitive 
and high-quality manufacturing capacity. We are selective in our choice of semiconductor manufacturing 
service  providers.  It  takes  a  substantial  amount  of  time  to  qualify  alternative  foundries,  gold  bumping, 
assembly and testing houses for production. As a result, we expect that we will continue to rely on a limited 
number of semiconductor manufacturing service providers for a substantial portion of our manufacturing 
requirements in the near future.

The table below sets forth (in alphabetical order) our principal semiconductor manufacturing service 

providers and suppliers:

Wafer Fabrication

Gold Bumping

Globalfoundries Singapore Pte., Ltd.
Macronix International Co., Ltd.
Nexchip Semiconductor Corporation
Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corp. 
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation
SK hynix system ic
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited
United Microelectronics Corporation
Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation

Chipbond Technology Corporation
Chipmore International Trading Company Ltd.
ChipMOS Technologies Inc.
LB Semicon, Inc.
Nepes Corporation
Union Semiconductor Co., Ltd.

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Processed Tape for TAB Packaging

Assembly and Testing

Ardentec Corporation
Advanced Semiconductor Engineering Inc.
Chipbond Technology Corporation
Chipmore International Trading Company Ltd.
ChipMOS Technologies Inc.
Global Testing Corporation
Greatek Electronics Inc.
Jiangsu Changjiang Electronics Technology Co., Ltd.
King Yuan Electronics Co., Ltd.
Micro Silicon Electronics Corp.
Nepes Corporation
Orient Semiconductor Electronics Ltd.
Taiwan IC Packaging Corporation 
LB Lusem Co., Ltd.
Union Semiconductor Co., Ltd.

JMC Electronics Co., Ltd.                    
LG Innotek Co., Ltd.
Stemco., Ltd.
Chipbond Technology Corporation

Chip Probe Testing  

Ardentec Corporation
Chipbond Technology Corporation
Chipmore International Trading Company Ltd.
ChipMOS Technologies Inc.
Global Testing Corporation
Greatek Electronics Inc.
King Yuan Electronics Co., Ltd.
Micro Silicon Electronics Corp.
Nepes Corporation
LB Semicon, Inc.
Union Semiconductor Co., Ltd.

Intellectual Property

As of February 29, 2020, we held a total of 2,918 patents, including 1,374 in Taiwan, 892 in the United 
States, 567 in China, and 85 in other countries. The expiration dates of our patents range from 2020 to 2039. 
We also have a total of 112 pending patent applications in Taiwan, 160 in the United States and 311 in other 
jurisdictions, including the PRC, Japan, Korea and Europe. In addition, we have registered “Himax and logo” 
as trademarks in Taiwan, China, Europe, Singapore, Korea, Japan and the United States, as well as “EMZA 
VISUAL SENSE and logo” and “WISEEYE” as trademarks in Israel and the United States.

Competition

The  markets  for  our  products  are,  in  general,  intensely  competitive,  characterized  by  continuous 
technological change, evolving industry standards, and declining average selling prices. We believe key 
factors that differentiate the competition in our industry include: 

• 

customer relations;

•  product performance;

•  design customization;

•  development time;

•  product integration;

• 

technical services;

•  manufacturing costs;

• 

supply chain management;

64

• 

• 

timely delivery;

economies of scale; and

•  broad product portfolio.

We continually face intense competition from fabless display driver companies, including Fitipower 
Integrated Technology,  Inc.,  FocalTech  Systems  Co.,  Ltd.,  Novatek  Microelectronics  Corp.,  Raydium 
Semiconductor  Corporation,  Sitronix Technology  Co.,  Ltd.,  Silicon Works  Co.  Ltd.,  ESWIN,  Chipone, 
Newvision,R DJ, Hisilicon and Synaptics Incorporated. We also face competition from integrated device 
manufacturers, such as Rohm Co., Ltd.

Many of our competitors, some of whom are affiliated or have established relationships with other panel 
manufacturers, have longer operating histories, greater brand recognition and significantly greater financial, 
manufacturing, technological, sales and marketing, human and other resources than we do. Additionally, we expect 
that as the flat panel semiconductor industry expands, more companies may enter and compete in our markets.

For In-cell TDDI, we compete with Novatek Microelectronics Cop., Synaptics Inc., Focaltech System 

Co., Ltd., and Ilitek Corp.  

For LCOS microdisplay products, we face competition from OmniVision, Jasper, Citizen, Syndiant, 
Kopin, Compound Photonics and RAONTECH. We also compete with alternative microdsiplay technology 
providers such as Texas Instruments with DLP, Sony with Micro OLED and Bosch with scanning mirror.

For  power  ICs,  we  face  competition  from Taiwan  companies  including  Richtek Technology  Corp., 
Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc., Novatek Microelectronics Corp., Fitipower Integrated Technology Inc. 
We also compete with worldwide suppliers such as Silergy Corp., and Rohm Co., Ltd. 

For CMOS image sensor products, our focus is on machine vision. Competition in this space is primarily 

from OmniVision Technologies Inc. and Sony Corporation.

For wafer level optics products, we face competition primarily from Heptagon that was acquired by ams AG.

For 3D sensing, Himax is one of the few companies that can provide the one-stop solution though there 
are more companies attempting to jump into the game. ams AG will be the main competitor we face in the 
worldwide.

For ultra-low power smart sensing WiseEye total solution. The main competition is Qualcomm with its 
“Glance” device. Few additional small size companies develop AI base edge devise. However, Himax is the 
only vendor who can offer a truly in-house vertically integrated solution comprise with all three building 
blocks required by customers: CMOS sensor, purposely designed MCU and the AI algorithm.

Insurance

We maintain insurance policies on our buildings, equipment and inventories covering property damage 
and damage due to, among other events, fires, typhoons, earthquakes and floods. We maintain these insurance 
policies on our facilities and on transit of inventories. Additionally, we maintain director and officer liability 
insurance. We do not have insurance for business interruptions, nor do we have key person insurance.

Environmental Matters

Himax  is  required  to  ensure  its  products  and  is  obligated  to  comply  with  valid  regulations  and 
governmental  authorities’  regulatory  directives  in  applicable  jurisdictions  on  topic  of  Environmental 
Protection. Additionally, Himax Taiwan maintains a color filter facility and a wafer level optics facility 
and Himax Display maintains a facility for our LCOS products as well as Himax IGI operates under the 

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designated  facility  related  for  3D  mask  production,  where  we  have  taken  the  necessary  steps  to  obtain 
the appropriate permits and believe that we are in compliance with the existing environmental laws and 
regulations in the ROC and US jurisdiction applicable. In addition, we have entered into various agreements 
with certain customers whereby we have agreed to indemnify them, and in certain cases, their customers, for 
any claims made against them for hazardous material violations that are found in our products.

4.C. Organizational Structure

The following chart sets forth our corporate structure and ownership interest in each of our principal 

operating subsidiaries and affiliates as of February 29, 2020.

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The following table sets forth summary information for our subsidiaries as of February 29, 2020.

Subsidiary

Main Activities

Jurisdiction of
Incorporation

Percentage of
Our Ownership
Interest

 Himax Technologies Limited
 Himax Technologies Korea Ltd.
 Himax Technologies (Samoa), Inc.
 Himax Technologies (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.
 Himax Technologies (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
 Himax Display, Inc.

 IC design and sales
 IC design and sales
 Investments
 Sales and technical Support
 Sales and technical Support
 LCOS and MEMS design,  
 manufacturing and sales

 ROC
 South Korea
 Samoa
 PRC
 PRC
 ROC

         100.0%
         100.0%
         100.0%(1)
         100.0%(2)
         100.0%(2)
           82.7%(1)

 Integrated Microdisplays Limited
 Himax Display (USA) Inc.

 Himax Analogic, Inc.
 Himax Imaging, Inc.
 Himax Imaging, Ltd.
 Himax Imaging Corp.
 Himax Media Solutions, Inc.
 Harvest Investment Limited
 Himax Technologies Japan Ltd.
 Himax Semiconductor (Hong Kong) 
 Limited
 Liqxtal Technology Inc.
 Himax IGI Precision Ltd.

 Emza Visual Sense Ltd.

 LCOS design
 LCOS and MEMS design,   
 sales and technical support
 IC design and sales
 Investments
 IC design and sales
 IC design
ASIC service
 Investments
 Sales
 Investments 

 LC Lens design and sales

 3D micro and nano   
 structure mastering and   
 prototype replication

 Hong Kong
 Delaware, USA

           82.7%(3)
           82.7%(3)

 ROC
 Cayman Islands
 ROC
 California, USA
 ROC
 ROC
 Japan
 Hong Kong

           98.6%(1)
         100.0%
           96.9%(1)
           96.9%(4)
           99.2%(1)
         100.0%(1)
         100.0%
         100.0%

ROC
Delaware, USA

   64.0%(1)
 100.0%(1)

 Visual sensors and 
 efficient machine vision 
 algorithm

Israel

 100.0%(1)

(1) Indirectly, through our 100.0% ownership of Himax Technologies Limited.

(2) Indirectly, through our 100.0% ownership of Himax Technologies (Samoa), Inc.

(3) Indirectly, through our 82.7% ownership of Himax Display, Inc.

(4) Indirectly, through our 96.9% ownership of Himax Imaging, Ltd.

4.D. Property, Plants and Equipment

Our corporate headquarters are located at a 22,172 square meter facility within the Tree Valley Industrial 
Park in Tainan, Taiwan. We began construction of our new building, Fab 2, in March 2017, located nearby 
the current headquarters. The newly completed building, located at a 42,619 square meter facility, houses 
additional WLO capacity, the new active alignment equipment needed for our 3D sensing business and 
provide  extra  office  space. The  facilities  house  our  research  and  development,  engineering,  sales  and 
marketing, operations and general administrative staff.

67

                    
                
 
We also lease office space in Taipei and Hsinchu, Taiwan; Suzhou, Shenzhen, Foshan, Beijing, Shanghai, 
Ningbo, Wuhan, Hefei, Xiamen, Chongqing, China; Tokyo, Japan; Asan-si and Bundang-gu, South Korea; 
Givatayim,  Israel;  and  Irvine  and  Campbell,  California  and  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  USA. The  lease 
contracts may be renewed upon expiration.

We have established under Himax Taiwan an in-house WLO facility for the key process of our products, 
with 1,171 square meters of floor space in a building leased from Innolux, which already produced and 
shipped over 50 million optics to tier-1 customer from 2010. We have also expanded certain facilities for 
LCOS and WLO products to accommodate new customers and new applications located at our headquarters 
in Tainan, Taiwan. In addition, Himax Taiwan owns and operates a fab with 1,431 square meters of floor 
space in a building leased from Innolux in Tainan, where it established an in-house color filter facility that 
commenced shipments from 2010. This in-house facility provides color filter for CMOS image sensor and 
LCOS products. The color filter line is a critical and unique process for our proprietary single-panel color 
LCOS microdisplays. An in-house color filter facility enhances the competitiveness of our color-filter LCOS 
microdisplays products and creates value for our customers.

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements 

and their accompanying notes included elsewhere herein which are prepared in accordance with IFRS. 

5.A. Operating Results

For discussion related to  our  financial condition, changes in financial condition, and the results of 
operations for 2018 compared to 2017, refer to Part I, Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects, 
in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, which was filed with the 
United States Securities and Exchange Commission on March 28, 2019.

Overview

We are a fabless semiconductor solution provider dedicated to display imaging processing technologies. 
We  are  a  worldwide  market  leader  in  display  driver  ICs  and  timing  controllers  used  in TVs,  laptops, 
monitors, mobile phones, tablets, digital cameras, car navigation, virtual reality (VR) devices and many other 
consumer electronics devices. Additionally, we design and provide controllers for touch sensor displays, in-
cell Touch and Display Driver Integration (TDDI) single-chip solutions, LED driver ICs, power management 
ICs,  and  LCOS  micro-displays  for  augmented  reality  (AR)  devices  and  head-up  displays  (HUD)  for 
automotive. We also offer digital camera solutions, including CMOS image sensors and wafer level optics for 
AR devices, 3D sensing and machine vision, ultra-low power smart sensing, which are used in a wide variety 
of applications such as mobile phone, tablet, laptop, TV, PC camera, automobile, security, medical devices, 
home appliance and Internet of Things. For display drivers and display-related products, our customers are 
panel manufacturers, agents or distributors, module manufacturers and assembly houses. We also work with 
camera module manufacturers, optical engine manufacturers, and television system manufacturers for various 
non-driver products.

We commenced operations through our predecessor, Himax Taiwan, in June 2001. We must, among 
other things, continue to expand and diversify our customer base, broaden our product portfolio, maintain 
our leading technology position, achieve additional design wins and manage our costs to partially mitigate 
declining average selling prices and any other market risks in order to maintain our profitability. Moreover, 
we must continue to address the challenges of being a growing technology company, including hiring and 
retaining managerial, engineering, operational and financial personnel and implementing and improving our 
existing administrative, financial and operations systems.

68

We operate primarily in a fabless business model that utilizes substantially third-party foundry and 
assembly and testing capabilities. We leverage our experience and engineering expertise to design high-
performance semiconductors and rely largely on third-party semiconductor manufacturing service providers 
for wafer fabrication, gold bumping, assembly and testing with the exception of manufacturing of LCOS 
microdisplay,  wafer  level  optics  products  and  active  alignment  for  3D  sensing,  which  we  manufacture 
through our own factories. We are able to take advantage of the economies of scale and the specialization 
of our third-party semiconductor manufacturing service providers. Our primarily fabless model enables us 
to capture certain financial and operational benefits, including reduced manufacturing personnel, capital 
expenditures, fixed assets and fixed costs. It also gives us the flexibility to use the technology and service 
providers that are the most suitable for any given product. For LCOS microdisplay and wafer level optics 
products, our in-house factories enable us to protect our proprietary technologies and manufacturing expertise 
in the effort to further expand these businesses.

As our semiconductors are critical components of flat panel displays, our industry is closely linked to the 
trends and developments of the flat panel display industry, in particular, the TFT-LCD panel segment. The 
majority of our revenues in 2019 were derived from sales of display drivers that were eventually incorporated 
into TFT-LCD panels. We expect display drivers for TFT-LCD panels to continue to be our primary products. 
The TFT-LCD panel industry is intensely competitive and is vulnerable to cyclical market conditions. The 
average selling prices of TFT-LCD panels could decline for numerous reasons, which could in turn result in 
downward pricing pressure on our products. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating 
to Our Financial Condition and Business—We derive the majority of our net revenues from sales to the TFT-
LCD panel industry, which is highly cyclical and subject to price fluctuations. Such cyclicality and price 
fluctuations could negatively impact our business or results of operations.” The revenue expansion of our 
non-driver products as well as TFT-LCD product trending toward high resolution and any other new product 
introduction help to mitigate these risks. 

Factors Affecting Our Performance

Our business, financial position and results of operations, as well as the period-to-period comparability 
of our financial results, are significantly affected by a number of factors, some of which are beyond our 
control, including:

• 

average selling prices;

•  unit shipments;

•  product mix;

•  design wins;

• 

• 

• 

• 

cost of revenues and cost reductions;

supply chain management;

share-based compensation expenses; and

tax credits.

Average Selling Prices

Our performance is affected by the selling prices of each of our products. We price our products based 
on several factors, including manufacturing costs, life cycle stage of the product, competition, technical 
complexity of the product, size of the purchase order and our relationship with the customer. We typically are 
able to charge the highest price for a product when it is first introduced. Although from time to time we are 
able to raise our selling prices during times of supply constraints, our average selling prices typically decline 

69

over a product’s life cycle, which may be offset by changes in conditions in the semiconductor industry such 
as constraints in foundry capacity. The general trend in the semiconductor industry is for the average selling 
prices of semiconductors to decline over a product’s life cycle due to competition, production efficiencies, 
emergence of substitutes and technological obsolescence. Our cost reduction efforts also contribute to this 
decline in average selling prices. See “—Cost of Revenues and Cost Reductions.”

From 2011 to 2014, smartphone and tablet boom across the world created impressive demand of TFT-
LCD panels. The phenomenal smartphone market growth naturally invited intense competition in the driver 
IC space, especially in the lower-end segments, resulting in severe ASP pressure. In the second half of 2015, 
over-supply issues happened to the large-sized TFT-LCD panel industry again. As high inventory level 
was built up in the first half of 2015 along with new capacity ramp from China panel makers, ASP pressure 
became intense as a result. In the first half of 2016, our large-sized display drivers suffered from another 
ASP erosion due to the oversupply in large-sized TFT-LCD panel industry. Large-sized display drivers and 
small and medium-sized panel driver business also experienced ASP erosion from 2017. In addition, our 
average selling prices are affected by the size and bargaining power of our customers. The merger of CMO, 
the predecessor of Innolux and TPO could negatively affect our ability to maintain, if not raise, our selling 
prices. In addition, as new China panel makers emerge in the marketplace and continue to expand their 
capacity, China panel makers’ bargaining power will increase accordingly, negatively impacting our average 
selling price. Our average selling prices are also affected by the packaging type our customers choose as well 
as the level of product integration. See “—Product Mix” below. Lastly, competition level affects our average 
selling prices as well. For example, as competitors have started to enter into the smartphone driver IC space 
and compete aggressively to get market share since the second quarter of 2012, average selling prices of 
smartphone driver IC for mid to low-end resolution have been under pressure since then. However, the 
impact of declining average selling prices on our profitability might be offset or mitigated to a certain extent 
by increased volume as lower prices may stimulate demand and thereby drive sales and TFT-LCD panel 
products trending toward higher resolution.

Unit Shipments

Our  performance  is  also  affected  by  the  number  of  semiconductors  we  ship,  or  unit  shipments. As 
our display drivers are critical components of flat panel displays, our unit shipments depend primarily on 
our customers’ panel shipments among other factors. Our unit shipments have grown since our inception 
primarily  as  a  result  of  our  increased  market  share  with  certain  major  customers  and  their  increased 
shipments of panels. Our growth in unit shipments also reflected the demand for higher resolution panels 
which typically require more display drivers. However, the development of higher channel display drivers 
or new technologies, if successful, could potentially reduce the number of display drivers required for each 
panel while achieving the same resolution. If such technologies become commercially available, the market 
for our display drivers will be reduced and we could experience a decline in revenue and profit.

Product Mix

The proportion of our revenues that is generated from the sale of different product types, also referred 
to as product mix, also affects our average selling prices, revenues and profitability. Our display driver 
products vary depending on, among other things, the number of output channels, the level of integration 
and the package type. Variations in each of these specifications could affect the average selling prices of 
such products. For example, the trend for display drivers for use in large-sized panels is toward products 
with a higher number of channels, which typically command higher average selling prices than traditional 
products with a lower number of channels. However, panels that use higher-channel display drivers typically 
require fewer display drivers per panel. As a result, our profitability will be adversely affected to the extent 
that the decrease in the number of display drivers required for each panel is not offset by increased total 
unit shipments and/or higher average selling prices for display drivers with a higher number of channels. 
The level of integration of our display drivers also affects average selling prices, as more highly integrated 
chips typically have higher selling prices. Additionally, average selling prices are affected by changes in 
the package types used by our customers. For example, the chip-on-glass package type typically has lower 
material costs because no processed tape is required. Moreover, our different non-driver products vary in 

70

average selling prices and costs. 

The proportion of non-driver business would also affect our financial position and results of operations. 
For the past three years, we have experienced operating losses from our non-driver business. This was partly 
due to low sales volume during these periods that led to insufficient revenue to fully cover expenses such as 
research and development and operating expenses. We expect, however, to ramp up the volume production 
and sales of our non-driver products in the future and generate positive operation income from such non-
driver  products.  In  addition,  given  that  our  non-driver  products  have  higher  gross  margins  and  higher 
growth potential than our driver products, we expect the overall profit margin across our product platform to 
improve. 

Design Wins

Achieving design wins is important to our business, and it affects our unit shipments. Design wins occur 
when a customer incorporates our products into their product designs. There are numerous opportunities for 
design wins, including, but not limited to, when panel manufacturers:

• 

• 

• 

introduce new models to improve the cost and/or performance of their existing products or to expand 
their product portfolio;

establish new fabs and seek to qualify existing or new component suppliers; and

replace existing display driver companies due to cost or performance reasons.

Design wins are not binding commitments by customers to purchase our products. However, we believe 
that achieving design wins is an important performance indicator. Our customers typically devote substantial 
time and resources to designing their products as well as qualifying their component suppliers and their 
products. Once our products have been designed into a system, the customer may be reluctant to change 
its component suppliers due to the significant costs and time associated with qualifying a new supplier or 
a replacement component. Therefore, we strive to work closely with current and prospective customers in 
order to anticipate their requirements and product roadmaps and achieve additional design wins.

Cost of Revenues and Cost Reductions 

We strive to control our cost of revenues. Our cost of revenues as a percentage of total revenues in 2017, 
2018 and 2019 was 75.6%, 76.7% and 79.5%, respectively. In 2019, as a percentage of Himax Taiwan’s total 
manufacturing costs, the cost of wafer fabrication was 47.0%, the cost of processed tape was 12.8%, the cost 
of assembly and testing was 39.4%, and overhead was 0.8%. Our cost of revenues may increase as a result of 
an increase in raw material prices, any failure to obtain sufficient foundry, assembly or testing capacity or any 
shortage of processed tape or failure to improve our manufacturing utilization rate or production yield. As a 
result, our ability to manage our wafer fabrication costs, costs for processed tape, and assembly and testing 
costs is critical to our performance. In addition, to mitigate declining average selling prices, we aim to reduce 
unit costs by, among other things:

• 

• 

• 

improving product design (e.g., having smaller die size allows for a larger number of dies on each 
wafer, thereby reducing the cost of each die);

improving  manufacturing  yields  through  our  close  collaboration  with  our  semiconductor 
manufacturing service providers and in our in-house manufacturing facilities; and

achieving better pricing from a diversified pool of semiconductor manufacturing service providers 
and  suppliers,  reflecting  our  ability  to  leverage  our  scale,  volume  requirements  and  close 
relationships as well as our strategy of sourcing from multiple service providers and suppliers.

Supply Chain Management

71

Due to the competitive nature of the flat panel display industry and our customers’ need to maintain 
high capacity utilization in order to reduce unit costs per panel, any delays in the delivery of our products 
could significantly disrupt our customers’ operations. To deliver our products on a timely basis and meet the 
quality standards and technical specifications our customers require, we must have assurances of high-quality 
capacity from our semiconductor manufacturing service providers. We therefore strive to manage our supply 
chain by maintaining close relationships with our key semiconductor manufacturing service providers and 
strive to provide credible forecasts of capacity demand and seek for new manufacturing service providers in 
case of any manufacturer’s capacity shortage. Any disruption to our supply chain could adversely affect our 
performance and could result in a loss of customers as well as potentially damage our reputation.

Share-Based Compensation Expenses

Our results of operations have been affected by, and we expect our results of operations to continue to 
be affected by, our share-based compensation expenses, which consist of charges taken relating to grants of 
mainly RSUs as well as stock options and non-vested shares to employees.

Restricted  Share  Units  (RSUs). We  adopted  two  long-term  incentive  plans  in  October  2005  and 
September  2011,  respectively,  which  permit  the  grant  of  options  or  RSUs  to  our  employees  and  non-
employees where each unit represents two ordinary shares. The actual awards will be determined by our 
compensation  committee. The  2005  plan  was  terminated  in  October  2010. We  recognized  share-based 
compensation expenses regarding RSUs under the long-term incentive plan totaling $6.9 million, $4.1 million 
and $0.1 million in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. See “—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—
Share-Based Compensation Expenses.” Of the total share-based compensation expenses recognized, $6.1 
million, $3.8 million and nil in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively, were settled in cash. We measure and 
recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments at fair value.

Set forth below is a summary of our historical share-based compensation plans for the years ended 
December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 as reflected in our consolidated financial statements. However, we did 
not grant RSUs in 2019 but granted stock options to employees instead.

We made grants of 1,219,791 RSUs to our employees on September 26, 2014. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 82.57% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $9.3 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2015, 
2016 and 2017, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

We made grants of 597,596 RSUs to our employees on September 25, 2015. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 94.15% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $4.5 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2016, 
2017 and 2018, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

We made grants of 1,208,785 RSUs to our employees on September 28, 2016. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 91.93% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $9.2 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2017, 
2018 and 2019, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

We made grants of 580,235 RSUs to our employees on September 29, 2017. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 96.91% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $6.1 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2018, 
2019 and 2020, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events. 

We made grants of 676,273 RSUs to our employees on September 26, 2018. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 97.15% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $3.8 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2019, 
2020 and 2021, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events. 

72

The amount of share-based compensation expense with regard to the RSUs granted to our employees on 
September 26, 2014, September 25, 2015, September 28, 2016, September 29, 2017 and September 26, 2018 
was $9.27 per ADS, $7.92 per ADS, $8.30 per ADS, $10.93 per ADS and $5.76 per ADS, respectively, which 
was based on the trading price of our ADSs on that day.

Employee stock options. We made grants of 2,226,690 units of stock option to purchase 2,226,690 units 
ADS to certain employees at an exercise price of $2.27 on September 30, 2019. The vesting schedule was 
that 50% of the options vest half year after the date of grant and 50% of the options vest one year after the 
date of grant. We recognized share-based compensation expenses regarding stock options under the long-
term incentive plan totaling $0.3 million in 2019.

Tax Credits

Our results of operations have been affected by, and we expect our results of operations to continue to be 

affected by, tax credits available to us. 

The  Statute  for  Industrial  Innovation  entitles  companies  to  tax  credits  for  qualifying  research  and 
development expenses related to innovation activities but limits the amount of tax credit to only up to 15% 
of the total qualifying research and development expenditure for the current year, subject to a cap of 30% of 
the income tax payable for the current year. Moreover, any unused tax credits provided under the Statute for 
Industrial Innovation may not be carried forward. 

Based on the amendments to the above, effective from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019, further 
extended to December 31, 2029, if companies choose to extend the tax credits to three years, the tax credit 
rate will be 10% of the total qualifying research and development expenditure for the current year and subject 
to a cap of 30% of the income tax payable for each year.

Description of Certain Statements of Profit or Loss Line Items

Revenues

Historically, we have generated revenues from sales of display drivers for large-sized applications, 
display  drivers  for  mobile  handsets  and  display  drivers  for  consumer  electronics  products.  In  addition, 
our  product  portfolio  includes  operational  amplifiers,  timing  controllers,  touch  controller  ICs,  LCOS 
microdisplay solutions, power management ICs, CMOS image sensors, 3D sensing solution, ultra-low power 
smart sensing, wafer level optics products, and ASIC service.

Revenues from large-sized application totaled $237.3 million in 2019, a decrease of 8.9% year-over-
year, representing 35.3% of our total revenues, as compared to 36.0% in 2018. The year-over-year decrease 
was primarily from panel makers’ ongoing inventory correction driven by weak TV demand and industry-
wide oversupply. Revenues from small and medium-sized applications totaled $307.4 million in 2019, a 
decrease of 5.6% year-over-year, representing 45.8% of our total revenues, as compared to 45.0% in 2018. 
Combing TDDI and traditional discrete smartphone driver, sales into mobile handsets application in this 
segment increased 2.4% in 2019 attributed to the TDDI shipment for smartphone close to double as our 
fulfillment was capped in 2018 by capacity constraint. In 2019, display drivers for consumer electronics 
applications decreased 9.8% mainly due to the decline of automotive business as automotive sales worldwide 
declined sharply since fourth quarter of 2018 over worries of economic slowdown and trade conflicts, as well 
as the decline of the tablet and other consumer electronics businesses. Revenues from non-driver products 
totaled $127.1 million in 2019, a decrease of 7.5% year-over-year, representing 18.9% of our total revenues, 
as compared to 19.0% a year ago. 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our revenues by amount and our revenues as a 

percentage of revenues by each product line:

73

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2018

2019

Percentage
of
Revenues

Percentage
of
Revenues

Amount

Percentage
of
Revenues

Amount

Amount

(in thousands, except percentages)

Display drivers for large-sized
applications 
Display drivers for mobile handsets 
applications 
Display drivers for consumer electronics 
applications 
Non-driver products(1) 
Total 

$ 224,798

  32.8

$ 260,540

  36.0

$ 237,276        

  35.3

   113,591

 16.6

   112,221

  15.5

   114,956

  17.1

   191,458
   155,320
$ 685,167

 27.9
 22.7
100.0

   213,497
   137,347
$ 723,605

  29.5
  19.0
100.0

   192,495
   127,108
 $ 671,835

  28.7
  18.9
100.0

Note:        (1)  Includes,  among  other  things,  timing  controllers,  touch  controller  ICs,  LCOS  projector  solutions, 
power  management  IC,  CMOS  image  sensors,  programmable  gamma  OP,  wafer  level  optics  (WLO) 
products, NRE incomes, and ASIC service. 

A limited number of customers account for substantially all our revenues. For example, Customer A and 
its affiliates accounted for 25.8%, 28.1% and 29.5% of our revenues in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. 
Customer B and its affiliates accounted for 15.5%, 12.6% and 8.9% of our revenues in 2017, 2018 and 2019, 
respectively.

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2018

2019

Percentage
of
Revenues

Amount

Percentage
of
Revenues

Amount

Percentage
of
Revenues

Amount

(in thousands, except percentages)

Customer A and its affiliates 
Customer B and its affiliates 
Others 
Total

 $176,728
    106,380 
   402,059
$ 685,167

  25.8
  15.5
  58.7
100.0

$ 202,995 
      90,844 
   429,766
$ 723,605

  28.1
  12.6
  59.3
100.0

$ 198,430
     59,781
   413,624
$ 671,835

   29.5
    8.9
  61.6
100.0

The global TFT-LCD panel market is highly concentrated, with only a limited number of TFT-LCD 
panel manufacturers producing large-sized TFT-LCD panels in high volumes. We sell large-sized panel 
display drivers to many of these TFT-LCD panel manufacturers. Our revenues, therefore, will depend on our 
ability to capture an increasingly larger percentage of each panel manufacturer’s display driver requirements. 
The sales to panel makers in China have become a significant portion of our revenue due to the Chinese 
panel maker business expansion which started in 2011. We derive substantially all of our revenues from sales 
to Asia-based customers whose end products are sold worldwide. In 2017, 2018 and 2019, approximately 
25.8%, 23.2% and 19.2% of our revenues, respectively, were from customers headquartered in Taiwan and 
approximately 61.5%, 66.4% and 70.3% of our revenues, respectively, were from customers headquartered 
in China. We believe that substantially all of our revenues will continue to be from customers located in Asia, 
where almost all of the TFT-LCD panel manufacturers and mobile device module manufacturers are located. 
As a result of the regional customer concentration, we expect to continue to be subject to economic and 
political events and other developments that affect our customers in Asia. A substantial majority of our sales 
invoices are denominated in U.S. dollars.

Costs and Expenses

Our costs and expenses consist of cost of revenues, research and development expenses, general and 
administrative expenses, sales and marketing expenses and share-based compensation expenses. Costs would 
be greatly affected by product mix.

Cost of Revenues

74

 
 
 
 
The principal items of our cost of revenues are:

• 

• 

• 

cost of wafer fabrication;

cost of processed tape used in TAB packaging;

cost of gold bumping, assembly and testing; and

•  other costs and expenses.

We outsource the manufacturing of our semiconductors and semiconductor solutions to semiconductor 
manufacturing service providers. The costs of wafer fabrication, gold bumping, assembly and testing depend 
on the availability of capacity and demand for such services. The wafer fabrication industry, in particular, is 
highly cyclical, resulting in fluctuations in the price of processed wafers depending on the available foundry 
capacity and the demand for foundry services.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist primarily of research and development employee salaries, 
including related employee welfare costs, costs associated with prototype wafers, processed tape, masks, 
molding and tooling sets and depreciation on research and development equipment. We expect to continue 
increasing our spending on research and development in absolute dollar amounts in the future as we continue 
to  increase  our  research  and  development  headcount  and  associated  costs  to  pursue  additional  product 
development opportunities. As a percentage of revenues, our research and development expenses in 2017, 
2018 and 2019 were 17.2%, 17.0% and 17.1%, respectively.

General and Administrative Expenses

General  and  administrative  expenses  consist  primarily  of  salaries  of  general  and  administrative 
employees,  including  related  employee  welfare  costs,  depreciation  on  buildings,  office  furniture  and 
equipment,  rent  and  professional  fees. We  anticipate  that  our  general  and  administrative  expenses  will 
increase in absolute dollar amounts as we expand our operations, hire additional administrative personnel, 
incur  depreciation  expenses  in  connection  with  the  increase  in  office  equipment  and  Fab  2,  and  incur 
additional compliance costs required of a publicly listed company in the United States.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Our  sales  and  marketing  expenses  consist  primarily  of  salaries  of  sales  and  marketing  employees, 
including related employee welfare costs, travel expenses and product sample costs. We expect that our sales 
and marketing expenses will increase in absolute dollar amounts over the next several years. However, we 
believe that as we continue to achieve greater economies of scale and operating efficiencies, our sales and 
marketing expenses may decline over time as a percentage of our revenues.

Share-Based Compensation Expenses

Our share-based compensation expenses consist of various forms of share-based compensation that 
we have historically issued to our employees and consultants, as well as share-based compensation issued 
to employees, directors  and  service  providers under our 2005 and 2011 long-term incentive plans. The 
2005 plan was terminated in October 2010. We allocate such share-based compensation expenses to the 
applicable cost of revenues and expense categories as related services are performed. See note 19 to our 
consolidated financial statements. Under the long-term incentive plan, we granted RSUs on December 30, 
2005 to our employees and directors and again on September 29, 2006, September 26, 2007, September 29, 
2008, September 28, 2009, September 28, 2010, September 28, 2011, September 26, 2012, September 26, 
2013, September 26, 2014, September 25, 2015, September 28, 2016, September 29, 2017 and September 
26, 2018 to our employees. We did not grant RSUs in 2019 but granted stock options to employees instead. 

75

Share-based compensation expenses recorded regarding RSUs under the long-term incentive plan totaled 
$6.9 million, $4.1 million and $0.1 million in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Share-based compensation 
expenses recorded regarding stock options under the long-term incentive plan totaled $0.3 million in 2019. 
See“—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Share-Based Compensation” for further discussion of 
the accounting of such expenses.

Income Taxes

Since we and our direct and indirect subsidiaries are incorporated in different jurisdictions, we file 
separate income tax returns. Under the current laws of the Cayman Islands, we are not subject to income 
or  capital  gains  tax. Additionally,  dividend  payments  made  by  us  are  not  subject  to  withholding  tax  in 
the Cayman Islands. However, if the relevant bylaws of the PEM rules have been adequately enacted and 
properly advocated, we may be determined to be within the territory of the ROC and our income tax shall 
be levied in accordance with the Income Tax Act and relevant tax regulations. Therefore, dividend payments 
made by us would be subject to withholding tax in the ROC. We recognize income taxes at the applicable 
statutory  rates  in  accordance  with  the  jurisdictions  where  our  subsidiaries  are  located  and  as  adjusted 
for  certain  items  including  accumulated  losses  carried  forward,  non-deductible  expenses,  research  and 
development tax credits, certain tax holidays, as well as changes in our deferred tax assets and liabilities.

ROC law offers preferential tax treatments to industries that are encouraged by the ROC government. 
The  Statute  for  Industrial  Innovation  entitles  companies  to  tax  credits  for  qualifying  research  and 
development expenses related to innovation activities but limits the amount of tax credit to only up to 15% 
of the total qualifying research and development expenditure for the current year, subject to a cap of 30% of 
the income tax payable for the current year. Moreover, any unused tax credits provided under the Statute for 
Industrial Innovation may not be carried forward. 

Based on the amendments to the above, effective from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019, further 
extended to December 31, 2029, if companies choose to extend the tax credits to three years, the tax credit 
rate will be 10% of the total qualifying research and development expenditure for the current year and subject 
to a cap of 30% of the income tax payable for each year.

According to the amendments to the “Income Tax Act” enacted by the office of the President of the 
ROC on February 7, 2018, an increase in the statutory income tax rate from 17% to 20% and decrease in the 
undistributed earning tax from 10% to 5% are effective from January 1, 2018. This increase does not affect 
the amounts of the current or deferred taxes recognized for the year ended December 31, 2017. However, 
it affected the Company’s current tax expense from 2018, and deferred taxes were remeasured in 2018, the 
period of enactment. 

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. President Trump signed into law H.R. 1, known as the “Tax Cuts 
and Jobs Act” that significantly changes the United States federal income tax system. Among a number of 
significant changes to the current United States federal income tax rules, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act reduces 
the marginal United States corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, limits the deduction for net interest 
expense, shifts the United States toward a more territorial tax system, and imposes new taxes to combat 
erosion of the United States federal income tax base. The Company does not expect the Tax Cuts and Jobs 
Act to have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates 

used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS. 

Share-Based Compensation

Share-based compensation primarily consists of grants of non-vested or restricted shares of common 
stock, stock options and RSUs issued to employees. The cost of employee services received in exchange 

76

for share-based compensation is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the share-based instruments 
issued. The cost of employee services is equal to the grant-date fair value of shares issued to employees 
and is recognized in earnings over the service period by graded vesting. Share-based compensation expense 
estimates also take into account the number of shares awarded that management believes will eventually 
vest. We adjust our estimate for each period to reflect the current estimate of forfeitures. As of December 31, 
2019, we based our share-based compensation cost on an assumed forfeiture rate of 0% per annum for RSUs 
issued in both 2017 and 2018 under our long-term incentive plan. Additionally, we based our share-based 
compensation cost on an assumed forfeiture rate of 10% per annum for stock options granted in 2019. If 
actual forfeitures occur at a lower rate, share-based compensation costs will increase in future periods. 

For our issuance of RSUs in 2017 and 2018, the fair value of the ordinary shares underlying the RSUs 
granted to our employees was $10.93 and $5.76 per unit, respectively, which was the closing price of our 
ADSs on September 29, 2017 and September 26, 2018, respectively.

For our issuance of stock options with exercise price of $2.27 per unit in 2019, the calculated value 
of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that 
used the weighted average assumptions in the following table. We use the simplified method to estimate the 
expected term of the options as it does not have sufficient historical share option exercise experience and the 
exercise data relating to employees of other companies is not easily obtainable. The risk-free rates for the 
expected term of the options are based on the interest rates of 1 years and 1.5 years U.S. Treasury yield at the 
time of grant.

Valuation assumptions:
   Expected dividend yield 
   Expected volatility 
   Expected term (years)
   Risk-free interest rate

Loss Allowance for Accounts Receivable

2019 plan

      3.5%
51.96%-57.79%
1-1.5
1.69%-1.75%

We evaluate our outstanding accounts receivable on a monthly basis for collectability purposes. The 
loss allowance for accounts receivable is measured at an amount using the simplified approach under IFRS 9 
with the lifetime expected credit losses. To measure the expected credit losses, accounts receivable have been 
grouped based on the days past due, as well as incorporated forward looking information, including relevant 
industry information. The activity in the loss allowance for accounts receivable for the years ended December 
31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

Loss Allowance

 Year

 2017 
 2018
 2019 

Inventory

Balance at 
Beginning
of Year

Charges 
to
 earnings

Amounts 
Utilized / 
write-offs

Balance at
End of Year

(in thousands)

 $        1,395
 $                -
 $           290

 $          155
 $          290     
 $            67

 $     (1,550)
 $              - 
 $        (167)

 $               -
 $          290
 $          190

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value, and we use judgment and estimate 
to determine the net realizable value of inventory at the end of each reporting period. Due to the rapid 
technological changes, we estimate the net realizable value of inventory for obsolescence and unmarketable 
items at the end of reporting period and then writes down the cost of inventories to net realizable value. The 

77

 
net realizable value of the inventory is mainly determined based on assumptions of future demand within a 
specific time horizon. The inventory write-downs in 2017, 2018 and 2019 were approximately $12.3 million, 
$17.7 million and $25.4 million, respectively, and were included in cost of revenues in our consolidated 
statements of profit or loss.

Impairment of Non-financial Assets other than Goodwill

We routinely review our non-financial assets at the reporting date to determine whether there is any 
indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. The 
recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less 
costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value 
using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks 
specific to the asset. However, due to the cyclical nature of our industry and changes in our business strategy, 
market  requirements,  or  the  needs  of  our  customers,  we  may  not  always  be  in  a  position  to  accurately 
anticipate declines in the utility of our equipment or acquired technology until they occur. Although we have 
the recurring losses in non-Driver product segment, we remain positive on the long-term prospect of our non-
Driver product segment, judging by the expanding customer list that covers some of the world’s biggest tech 
names, and the busy engineering activities going on with such customers. For the years ended December 31, 
2017, 2018 and 2019, we did not recognize any impairment loss on non-financial assets.

Goodwill

We evaluate goodwill for impairment at least annually, or more frequently when there is an indication 
that the cash-generating unit (CGU) may be impaired. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is 
allocated to each of the Company’s CGU or groups of CGU that are expected to benefit from the synergies 
of the combination. If the recoverable amount of a CGU is less than its carrying amount, the difference is 
allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to such CGU and then to the other 
assets of the CGU pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the CGU. Any impairment loss for 
goodwill is recognized directly in profit or loss. An impairment loss recognized for goodwill is not reversed 
in subsequent periods. 

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. The assessment 
of impairment of goodwill requires management to make subjective judgment to determine the identified 
CGU, allocate the goodwill to relevant CGU and estimate the recoverable amount of relevant CGU. In the 
process of estimating the recoverable amount of relevant CGU, management is required to make subjective 
judgments in determining the discounted rate, the terminal growth rate, the independent cash flows, useful 
lives, expected future revenue and expenses related to the CGU.

As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, goodwill in Driver IC CGU and WLO CGU was $26,846 thousand 
and $1,292 thousand, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, we did not 
recognize any impairment loss on goodwill.

Income Taxes

According to the amendments to the Income Tax Act enacted by the office of the President of the ROC 
on February 7, 2018, effective starting from January 1, 2018, dividends distributed by a Taiwan company to 
its foreign shareholders are subject to ROC withholding tax, the rate of which increased from 20% to 21% 
on the amount of the distribution in the case of cash dividends or on the par value of the ordinary shares 
in the case of stock dividends. The surtax rate for undistributed earnings will be reduced from 10% to 5%. 
However, surtax paid on undistributed earnings can no longer be used to offset against the withholding tax 
imposed on the dividend distributed to foreign shareholders.

As of December 31, 2019, we have not provided for retained earnings tax on the undistributed earnings 
of approximately $593.0 million of our subsidiaries since we have specific plans to reinvest these earnings 
indefinitely. The undistributed earnings in our foreign subsidiaries are mainly from Himax Taiwan totaling 

78

approximately $591.4 million as of December 31, 2019. We intend to use accumulated and future earnings of 
Himax Taiwan to expand operations in Taiwan.

However,  a  deferred  tax  liability  will  be  recognized  when  the Taiwanese  company  can  no  longer 
demonstrate  that  it  plans  to  reinvest  indefinitely  these  undistributed  earnings. This  amount  becomes 
taxable when we execute other investments, share buybacks or shareholder dividends to be funded by cash 
distribution by our foreign subsidiaries. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of additional taxes that 
might be payable on such undistributed earnings.

We are a holding company located in the Cayman Islands and have paid dividends and repurchased 
outstanding shares. To fund such dividends and repurchases, in the past years, we have received cash from 
bank loans and from Himax Taiwan through intercompany borrowings instead of dividends distributed by 
Himax Taiwan. At December 31, 2018 and 2019, the amount of cash and cash equivalents held by Himax 
Taiwan were $86.3 million and $86.2 million, respectively, which are not available to fund our ultimate 
parent company’s activities unless the cash is distributed.

As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, our management is required 
to estimate income taxes and tax bases of assets and liabilities for us and our subsidiaries. This process 
involves  estimating  current  tax  exposure  together  with  assessing  temporary  differences  resulting  from 
differing treatments of items for tax and accounting purposes and the amount of tax credits and tax loss carry-
forward. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the consolidated 
statements of financial position. Management must then assess deferred tax assets at each reporting date and 
reduce to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized; such reductions 
are reversed when the probability of future taxable profits improves.

Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated statements of profit or loss as a percentage 

of revenues:

Year Ended December 31,
2018

2019

2017

Revenues 
Costs and expenses:
    Cost of revenues 
    Research and development 
    General and administrative 
    Sales and marketing 
Total costs and expenses 
Operating income (loss) 
Non-operating income 
Income tax expense  
Profit (loss) for the year 
Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Profit (loss) attributable to Himax stockholders 

    100.0 %

    100.0 %

   100.0%

      75.6
      17.2
        3.0
        3.0                             
      98.8                               
        1.2                               
        3.2                    
        0.7                    
        3.7                    
        0.3                   
        4.0

      76.7
      17.0
        2.9
        2.9                             
      99.5                               
        0.5                               
        0.5                    
        0.2                    
        0.8                    
        0.4                   
        1.2

  79.5
  17.1
    3.5
    2.6
102.7
    (2.7)
    0.4
    0.1
    (2.4)
    0.4
    (2.0)

79

                   
                   
 
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2018

Revenues. Our revenues decreased by 7.2% to $671.8 million in 2019 from $723.6 million in 2018. 
The decrease was attributable mainly to an 8.9% decrease in revenues from display drivers for large-size 
application to $237.3 million in 2019 from $260.5 million in 2018. The decrease was primarily from panel 
makers’ ongoing inventory correction driven by weak TV demand and industry-wide oversupply. Revenues 
from small and medium-sized applications totaled $307.4 million in 2019, a decrease of 5.6% year-over-
year.  Combing TDDI and  traditional  discrete smartphone driver, sales into mobile handsets application 
in this segment increased 2.4% in 2019 attributed to the TDDI shipment for smartphone close to double. 
The growth was limited due to TDDI capacity constraint during 2018. The display drivers for consumer 
electronics applications decreased 9.8% to $192.5 million in 2019 from $213.5 million in 2018 mainly due 
to the decline of automotive, tablet and other consumer electronics businesses. Automotive sales worldwide 
declined  sharply  since  fourth  quarter  of  2018  over  worries  of  economic  slowdown  and  trade  conflicts. 
Revenues from non-driver products to $127.1 million in 2019 from $137.4 million in 2018, a decrease of 7.5% 
year-over-year. WLO sales increased offset by decrease of other non-driver products. Our average selling 
prices increased by 3.0%, primarily due to the increase from our core driver IC business. However, our unit 
shipments decreased by 9.9% as a result of the decrease in the driver IC business during 2019. 

Costs and Expenses. Costs and expenses decreased by 4.2% to $690.1 million in 2019 from $720.2 
million in 2018. As a percentage of revenues, costs and expenses increased to 102.7% in 2019 compared to 
99.5% in 2018.

•  Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues decreased to $533.9 million in 2019 from $554.7 million in 2018. 
The decrease in cost of revenues was due primarily to a 9.9% decrease in unit shipments in 2019, as 
compared to 2018. Inventory write-downs, which are included in cost of revenues, increased to $25.4 
million in 2019 from $17.7 million in 2018. As a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues increased 
to 79.5% in 2019 from 76.7% in 2018.

•  Research  and  Development. Research  and  development  expenses  decreased  by  6.6%  to  $114.9 
million in 2019 from $123.0 million in 2018. This decrease was primarily attributable to decreases in 
the salary expense and tape out expense $1.8 million. The decrease in salary expense was primarily 
attributable to lower headcount, lower average salaries due to NT dollar depreciation against US 
dollar as we pay the bulk of our employee salaries in NT dollars and lower RSU compensation. 

•  General  and Administrative.  General  and  administrative  expenses  increased  by  8.5%  to  $23.7 
million in 2019 from $21.8 million in 2018, primarily as a result of increases in depreciation out of 
our Fab 2 building and partially offset by lower RSU compensation.

•  Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses decreased by 13.5% to $17.6 million from $20.4 
million in 2018. This decrease was primarily attributable to decreases in the salary expense related to 
lower headcount, lower average salaries from exchange rate effect and lower RSU compensation.

Non-Operating Income. We had net non-operating income of $2.5 million in 2019 compared to $3.6 
million in 2018. We recognized finance costs of $2.3 million in 2019 and $1.2 million in 2018, respectively. 
The higher finance costs was due to higher borrowings amount and higher interest rate.

Income Tax Expense. Our income tax expense decreased to $0.4 million in 2019 from $1.0 million in 
2018. Our effective income tax rate decreased to (2.6%) from 14.2% in 2018. The decrease in our effective 
income tax rate was primarily attributable to the decrease in pre-tax loss $15.8 million in 2019 from pre-
tax profit $7.0 million in 2018, income tax benefit for tax credit decreased to $2.7 million in 2019 from $5.3 
million in 2018, as well as recognized $1.2 million and $1.1 million income tax benefit for effect of tax rate 
changes and tax-exempt income in 2018, respectively.

Profit for the year. As a result of the foregoing, our loss for the year was $16.2 million in 2019, versus 
profit for the year of $6.0 million in 2018 and loss attributable to Himax stockholders was $13.6 million in 

80

2019, versus profit attributable to Himax stockholders of $8.6 million in 2018.

Segment Results

The following table sets forth the revenues and operating results for our reportable segments for the 

periods indicated:

Segment Revenues 

Driver IC 
Non-Driver Products 

Total 

Segment Operating Income (loss)

Driver IC 
Non-Driver Products 

Total 

Driver IC Segment

Year Ended December 31,
2018

2017

2019

$ 529,847
   155,320
$ 685,167

$ 586,258
   137,347
$ 723,605

$ 544,727
   127,108
$ 671,835

Year Ended December 31,
2018

2017

2019

$   43,021
     (34,662)
$     8,359

$   56,023
     (52,638)
$     3,385

   $  29,070
  (47,377)
$(18,307)

Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2018

Segment revenues. Our revenues from the Driver IC segment decreased by 7.1% to $544.7 million in 
2019 from $586.2 million in 2018. The decrease was mainly from the decrease in display drivers for large-
size application and consumer electronics applications. This decrease was attributable to 14.0% decrease in 
unit shipments but partially offset by an 8.0% increase in our average selling price of our driver IC products.

Segment operating income. Operating income from the Driver IC segment decreased to $29.1 million in 
2019 from $56.0 million in 2018. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in revenues in 2019 
as compared to 2018 and lower gross margin. 

Non-Driver Products Segment

Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2018

Segment revenues. Our revenues from the Non-Driver Products segment decreased by 7.5% to $127.1 
million in 2019 from $137.4 million in 2018. This decrease was attributable mainly to a 11.0% decrease in 
average selling price of our non-driver products but partially offset by a 4.0% increase in unit shipments of 
the non-driver products.

Segment  operating  loss. Operating  loss  from  the  Non-Driver  Products  segment  decreased  to  $47.4 
million in 2019 from $52.6 million in 2018. The operating loss decreases was attributable mainly to the 
decrease in salary expense and lower RSU compensation.

5.B. Liquidity and Capital Resources

We need cash primarily for technology advancement, capacity expansion, paying dividends and working 
capital. We have historically been able to meet our cash requirements through cash flow from operations and 
borrowings to pay dividends. 

As of December 31,  2019,  we had total current assets of $604.7 million, total current liabilities of 
$380.9 million and cash and cash equivalents of $101.1 million. As of December 31, 2019, we had total 
secured borrowings of $164.0 million with cash and time deposits of $164.0 million as collateral, unsecured 

81

borrowings of $57.3 million and did not have any outstanding long-term borrowings. As of December 31, 
2019, we had total unused short-term credit lines of $242.5 million, of which $24.0 million will expire 
before the end of March 2020, and $136.0 million belonging to the parent company needs to be secured with 
equal amount of cash and time deposits when borrowing money from banks. We believe that our existing 
short-term credit lines, together with cash generated from our operations, are sufficient to liquidity needs. 
We expect to meet our present working capital requirements through cash flow from operations and bank 
borrowings from time to time.

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated:

Net cash provided by operating activities 
Net cash used in investing activities 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

2017

2019

Year Ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)
$      4,009
  (38,266)
    2,801
  (31,586)
138,023
106,437

$       7,656
  (47,767)
   35,261
     (5,382)
106,437
101,055

$    29,393
  (35,088)
  (41,214)
  (46,429)
184,452
138,023

Operating Activities. Net cash provided by operating activities in 2019 was $7.7 million compared to 
$4.0 million in 2018. This increase in net cash provided by operating activities in 2019 was mainly due to an 
increase in cash collected from customers in 2019 compared to 2018. 

Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities in 2019 was $47.8 million compared to $38.3 
million in 2018. This increase in net cash used in investing activities was due primarily to decrease in net 
effect of cash provided by disposal of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss in 2019 compared to 
2018. 

Financing Activities. Net cash provided by financing activities in 2019 was $35.3 million compared to 
$2.8 million in 2018. This increase was due primarily to an increase in unsecured borrowings $17.2 million in 
2019 and distribution of cash dividends of $17.2 million in 2018. Our liquidity could be negatively impacted 
by a decrease in demand for our products that are subject to rapid technological change, among other factors, 
which could result in revenue variability in future periods. In addition, we have at times agreed to extend 
the payment terms for certain of our customers. Other customers have also requested extension of payment 
terms and we may grant such requests for extensions in the future. The extension of payment terms for our 
customers could adversely affect our cash flow, liquidity and our operating results. Our subsidiaries’ ability 
to distribute dividends and other payments to us may be limited by ROC regulations. See “Risk Factors — 
Risks Related to Our Holding Company Structure — Our ability to receive dividends and other payments 
or funds from our subsidiaries may be restricted by commercial, statutory and legal restrictions, and thereby 
materially and adversely affect our ability to grow, fund investments, make acquisitions, pay dividends and 
otherwise fund and conduct our business.”

Our  capital  expenditures  were  incurred  primarily  in  connection  with  the  purchase  of  property  and 
equipment. Our capital expenditures totaled $39.3 million, $49.7 million and $45.9 million in 2017, 2018 and 
2019, respectively, higher than usual capital expenditure due to our Fab 2 construction and WLO capacity 
expansion. Capital expenditures of $45.9 million in 2019, of which $7.3 million was for the investment 
of design  tools  and R&D related equipment related to our traditional IC design business. Other capital 
expenditures, mainly consisted of $27.5 million payment for land purchase, and ongoing payments for our 
Fab 2 construction and WLO capacity expansion.  

The capex budget will be funded through our internal resources and banking facilities, if so needed. We 
will continue to make capital expenditures to meet the expected growth of our operations. We believe that our 
working capital and borrowings under our existing and future credit lines should be sufficient for our present 
requirements.

82

5.C. Research and Development

Our research and development efforts focus on improving and enhancing our core technologies and 
know-how relating to the semiconductor solutions we offer to the flat panel display industry. In particular, 
we have committed a significant portion of our resources to the research and development of non-driver 
products  because  we  believe  in  the  long-term  business  prospects  of  such  products  and  are  committed 
to  continuing  to  diversify  our  product  portfolio. Although  a  significant  portion  of  the  resources  at  our 
integrated circuit design center are invested in advanced research for future products, we continue to invest 
in improving the performance and reducing the costs of our existing products. Our application engineers, 
who provide on-system verification of semiconductors and product specifications, and field application 
engineers, who provide on-site engineering support at our customers’ offices or factories, work closely with 
panel manufacturers to co-develop display solutions for their electronic devices. In 2017, 2018 and 2019, 
we  incurred  research  and  development  expenses  of  $117.7  million,  $123.0  million  and  $114.9  million, 
respectively, representing 17.2%, 17.0% and 17.1% of our revenues, respectively.

5.D. Trend Information

2019 has been a challenging year for Himax. Uncertainty in the global economy overshadowed the 
marketplace, where we saw waning demand in all industries that consume display. This, combined with 
the  prevailing  LCD  industry  capacity  oversupply,  had  led  to  severe  pricing  pressure  for  panels  which 
inevitably affected the sales and margin of display driver IC across all major product segments including TV, 
smartphone and automotive. 

Against the backdrop of an unfriendly market environment, we have faced multiple challenges that have 
had an adverse effect on our overall financial performance in 2019. First, the large display driver IC and 
small/medium driver IC markets experienced chip-on-film (COF) and wafer capacity shortages, respectively. 
The severe shortages significantly affected our ability to fulfill customer orders in the second half of 2018, 
which not only impacted our 2018 sales but also jeopardized our ability to win new projects with customers 
at that point of time. While these constraints were resolved towards the end of 2018, we are still suffering 
from the repercussions of the loss of new projects as we did not get to take part in the mass production of 
those projects.

Second, since early of 2019, there has been a major pullback in demand for our DDICs as panel makers, 
facing an industry-wide overcapacity and uncertain economic outlook due to US/China trade conflict, cut 
back their production and, in the meantime, attempted to lower the DDIC inventory which they built earlier 
to  address  the  IC  shortage  concern. The  combination  of  these  two  factors  has  negatively  impacted  our 
performance in the second half of 2018 as well as full-year 2019. Separately in the smartphone segment, new 
model opportunities, which we count on to boost our new generation TDDI product shipment, have been 
limited in 2019 due to a slow smartphone market. As a result, our overall sales and outlook were weak. In 
the fourth quarter of 2019, however, we have started to see major turnaround in literally all aspects of our 
businesses. 

Large-sized Display Driver IC Segment

Sensing  strong  signs  of  panel  price  recovery,  panel  makers  began  to  replenish  their  inventory  and 
increase production starting the end of fourth quarter of 2019. Our leading Chinese panel customers are 
particularly active in gaining further market share, taking advantage of Korean panel makers’ ongoing fab 
restructuring by getting out TFT LCD into OLED market segment. As the leading IC supplier, Himax is well 
positioned to benefit from increased demand coming out of the major Chinese large display players. These 
market trends, that began to emerge during the fourth quarter of 2019, are expected to drive strong results in 
the first quarter of 2020 that will accelerate throughout 2020. 

On the supply side, Himax and some of our major panel customers were already seeing foundry capacity 
shortage of 8-inch silicon wafers for display driver ICs. In anticipation of this, we have strategically prepared 

83

to ready our 12-inch foundry, as well as associated backend packaging and testing, ahead of our peers to 
cover the potential 8-inch capacity shortfall. Our design project coverage is strong across all leading Chinese 
panel makers. We are very positive on the business outlook for our large display driver for 2020.

Looking at technology development, all top-tier TV brands have been trying to boost sales for 8K models 
in 2020. At the CES 2020, many of these brands showcased 8K TV’s that contained Himax’s technology. 
Although the penetration of 8K TV’s is still low, we expect this to be a strategic opportunity for Himax as 8K 
TV sales will boost demand for not just our driver IC but also timing controller contents. Large display driver 
IC business enjoyed strong growth in the second half of 2018 as 4K TV penetration continued to rise globally 
and China continued to ramp brand new advanced generation LCD fabs.

Small and Medium-Sized Display Driver IC Segment

In the smartphone segment, our TDDI product roadmap as well as new design-wins with end customers 
and a foundry capacity advantage have positioned Himax to gain market share starting the first quarter and 
throughout 2020. Furthermore, the smartphone market continues to embrace new technologies and is moving 
toward higher frame rate displays to enable smoother screen viewing and gaming experience. This will drive 
the adoption of next generation high frame rate TDDI solutions, for which Himax is a leading technology 
provider. Also, the demand for 5G in China is expected to drive worldwide smartphone growth in 2020 which 
will in turn stimulate the growth for TDDI. All these trends will benefit Himax. Separately, the price erosion 
of TDDI we have seen over the past year is expected to abate in 2020. This is not only because the new high 
frame rate products enjoy a higher ASP but also due to the industry-wide tightening of foundry capacity for 
TDDI. As a reminder, during 2018 the Himax TDDI business was negatively impacted by a severe foundry 
capacity  shortage  that  resulted  in  our  inability  to  meet  customers’  delivery  requirements. Although  the 
capacity constraint was resolved toward the end of 2018, the delay limited our ability to participate in major 
design-in opportunities that would have driven the business in 2019. The actions we took in 2018-2019 to 
develop and enable an additional qualified foundry partner ahead of our peers, combined with our superior 
technology and customer collaboration, now uniquely position Himax to benefit from a tightening of overall 
TDDI foundry capacity in 2020. We are well-prepared to meet TDDI production demands and continue to 
move forward with plans to enable additional capacity this year to capitalize on the strong opportunities for 
smartphone TDDI, as well as other TDDI applications such as tablet, in 2020. Regardless of the coronavirus, 
we are confident that our both TDDI business will grow strongly from last year. 

As expected, our traditional discrete driver IC sales into smartphone declined in 2019 as the market is 
being quickly replaced by TDDI and AMOLED. On AMOLED product line, as discussed previously, a major 
development we are seeing in the marketplace is increased utilization of the OLED display for smartphone. 
This  is  due  to  expanded AMOLED  capacity  as  well  as  increased  demand  for  under-display  fingerprint 
technology that is only available in the AMOLED display for the time being. We are encouraged by the 
progress we have made, collaborating closely with leading panel makers across China for AMOLED product 
development. We believe AMOLED driver ICs will soon become one of the major growth engines for our 
small panel driver IC business.

In the automotive display segment, the number of displays per vehicle continues to rise as the overall 
automobile display market is set to increase from 2020 onward, despite that the global car sales are forecast 
to decline again this year. More importantly for Himax, the market is quickly shifting towards a number of 
new technologies including higher resolution, in-cell touch, slim border, giant pillar-to-pillar screen, local 
dimming for higher contrast, and plastic AMOLED for free form design, all of which are contributing to an 
increase in market size and demand for automotive display driver ICs. Himax commands more than 30% of 
the global automotive display driver IC market and is the primary partner for most of the world’s automotive 
panel makers to enable the new technologies above. It’s worth mentioning that Himax is also the dominant 
automotive TDDI technology provider, working as the sole supplier on numerous TDDI design-in projects 
across different leading panel makers. While we expect only small volume shipments in 2020, we anticipate 
meaningful volume of automotive TDDI as we move into 2021.

Lastly, we expect the tablet business to be a major growth area for Himax during 2020 with a significant 

84

volume of tablet TDDI shipment starting from first quarter of 2020. The strong momentum will accelerate 
into second quarter of 2020 and throughout 2020. The business growth will be driven primarily by leading 
non-iOS brands’ rapid adoption of the newly developed in-cell TDDI solutions. In-cell TDDI is quickly 
becoming mainstream for tablets due to its lower cost and a simplified supply chain as well as faster and 
easier integration for display manufacturers. At the same time, consumer demand is expected to accelerate for 
these cheaper, slimmer, lighter and more stylish tablets. Himax is the primary partner for all non-iOS tablet 
in-cell TDDI products right now and we are already making shipments of our new in-cell TDDI products for 
tablet to a number of leading end customers, some of which include active stylus. Additionally, we continue 
shipping our traditional display driver IC with COF packaging for larger-sized tablets with slim bezel design 
to a leading Chinese brand customer and expect the momentum for these high-end designs to accelerate 
throughout 2020.

The non-driver category has been our most exciting growth area and a differentiator for the Company. 
We are devoted to the development, manufacturing and marketing of non-driver products to diversify our 
customer base and product portfolio to offer total solutions of image processing and human interface related 
technologies in addition to our driver IC products. Our non-driver products delivered the strongest growth 
in 2014 owing to many new product launches and project wins. During 2016, our non-driver businesses 
experienced tremendous growth, primarily driven by the LCOS and WLO businesses due to shipments to 
one of our leading AR device customers. Additionally, our WLO business hit inflection in the middle of 2017 
when we began mass shipment to an anchor customer. The overall 2018 shipment increased considerably 
year-over-year because of the customer’s large-scale adoption in more models. In 2019, we continued the 
strong shipment momentum from 2018 to fulfill anchor customer’s higher demand with a significant year-
over-year  increase. We  continue  to  make  progress  with  our  ongoing  R&D  projects  for  next  generation 
products  centered  around  our  exceptional  design  know-how  and  mass  production  expertise  in WLO 
technology.

3D  sensing  in  the  smartphone  segment,  we  have  advanced  our WLO  optics  solution  to  cover  both 
structured light and time-of-flight (ToF) 3D sensing. We are seeing increasing ToF adoption by smartphone 
makers for world-facing cameras to enable advanced photography, distance/dimension measurement and 3D 
depth information generation for AR. In the past few months, we have been actively working with an industry 
leading ToF 3D camera vendor to develop a new and advanced ToF solution, targeting Android smartphones. 
Leveraging on our WLO technology, we have made great progress providing the partner with spot projector 
for their reference design which will be ready for leading Android smartphone makers’ evaluation as soon 
as first quarter of 2020. Our non-smartphone 3D-sensing engagements have focused on smart door lock and 
industrial automation segments where we provide structured light-based 3D sensing total solution. We have 
been collaborating closely with two main types of partners: those with industry-leading expertise in facial 
recognition algorithm and those offering application processors with strong AI capability. We have started 
design-in projects with several smart door lock end customers. Separately, as we previously mentioned, we 
are working with partners who wish to take advantage of our 3D sensing know-how to achieve efficiency 
improvement and cost reduction in traditional manufacturing. One market opportunity we are pursuing is 
shoe factory automation. We are pleased to report that prototypes of 3D sensing enabled automatic robotic 
cementing system are available now for production optimization testing.

Regarding  ultra-low  power  smart  sensing,  the  demand  for  battery-powered  smart  device  with AI 
intelligent sensing is rapidly growing. WiseEye is our AI-based ultra-low power smart sensing solution, built 
on Emza’s unique AI-based algorithm, on top of Himax’s proprietary computer vision processor, WE-I Plus, 
and CMOS image sensor, all equipped with ultra-low power design. Currently laptop is the market of focus. 
Himax WiseEye 2.0 NB solution provides a ‘laptop-ready’ 3-in-1 RGB/IR/AI solution, respecting privacy 
while enhancing security for notebook users. At the CES 2020, a number of notebook OEMs and ODMs 
demonstrated our WiseEye NB solution in their next generation premium notebooks with positive feedback. 
In addition to notebook, we have also made progress in the displays and IoT markets. Innolux, one of the 
world's leading manufacturers of TFT-LCD displays, has integrated the Himax-Emza WiseEye solution into 
displays to enable consumer privacy protection in real time. Also, Chicony, one of the largest ODMs in the 
world, and Emza jointly announced a reference design of the world’s first battery-powered human sensing 
solution for IoT in December 2019. Both Innolux and Chicony showcased their products at the CES. In 

85

addition to total solution, Himax is also able to offer ultra-low power smart sensing on the basis of individual 
parts so as to address the market’s different needs and maximize the potential opportunities for Himax.

CMOS image sensor is a critical part of the WiseEye 2.0 NB solution. To support the lean camera 
design and high-quality image needed for thin bezel laptops, we have made a 2-in-1 sensor that offers the 
duo capabilities of high quality HD image capturing and ultra-low-power, low resolution visual sensing 
in one single sensor, the industry’s first with the innovative design. With this sensor, laptop makers can 
simplify their next generation product design and save costs by eliminating the need for an additional camera 
to provide context awareness for a better user experience. Our sensor has also incorporated an RGB-IR 
design to enable Windows Hello facial recognition. This new 2-in-1 CMOS sensor is currently available 
for our partners/customers. In addition, we recently announced the commercial availability of an industry-
first ultra-low power and low latency, backside-illuminated CMOS image sensor solution with autonomous 
modes of operations for always-on, intelligent visual sensing applications such as human presence detection 
and tracking, gaze detection, behavioral analysis, and pose estimation for growing markets such as smart 
home,  smart  building,  healthcare,  smartphone  and AR/VR  devices. We  are  collaborating  with  leading 
partners within the ecosystem to reduce time to market for intelligent edge vision solutions. Notably, we are 
working closely with Google and have become the reference design for its world-leading TensorFlow Lite 
AI framework targeting low power edge devices. For the traditional human vision segments, we see strong 
demand in notebooks, where we are one of the market leaders, and have experienced increased shipments 
for multimedia applications such as car recorders, surveillance, drones, home appliances, and consumer 
electronics, among others. Additionally, we have seen increased shipments and new design-wins in the 
automotive segment covering before-market solutions such as surround view and rear-view camera.

Lastly,  on  LCOS,  we  continue  to  focus  on AR  goggle  devices  and  head-up-displays  (HUD)  for 
automotive.  Many  of  our  industry-leading  customers  have  demonstrated  their  state-of-the-art  products, 
including holographic HUD, AR glasses and LiDAR system, with Himax LCOS technology inside at the 
2020 CES with positive market feedbacks. Our technology leadership and proven manufacturing expertise 
have made us a preferred partner for customers in these emerging markets and their ongoing engineering 
projects in AR goggles and HUD for automotive applications.

Historically, due to the Lunar New Year holidays, the first quarter has seasonally been the slowest period 
of the year in terms of sales, often down by more than 10% sequentially. At this time, however, based on 
our current pipeline, we are experiencing decent sales in the first quarter, brushing aside the seasonal factor. 
However, the coronavirus outbreak currently taking place in China and all over the world does represent a 
major uncertainty to our operations, especially for the short term. We are working extremely closely with 
both our customers and suppliers in our joint efforts to mitigate the risks. The first quarter guidance provided 
during our fourth quarter earnings call on February 13, 2020 already included the anticipated impact to the 
business from the coronavirus outbreak which reflects to see some downward adjustments, mainly from 
certain China-based customers for small-sized display drivers and CMOS image sensors. With vast majority 
of operations located outside of China, our suppliers are largely unaffected by the coronavirus outbreak. The 
focus there is primarily the logistics management including the customs operations in various ports in China. 

The situation is still evolving. Notwithstanding the uncertainty arisen from the coronavirus, we are 

confident that we will see decent growth across the board for all our major product categories in 2020.  

For more trend information, see “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results.”

5.E. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2019, we did not have any off-balance-sheet guarantees, interest rate swap transactions 
or foreign currency forwards. We do not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts. 
Furthermore, as of December 31, 2019, we did not have any interests in variable interest entities. 

5.F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

86

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2019: 

Unsecured borrowings 
Secured borrowings 
Purchase obligations(1) 
Other obligations 
Total 

Total

  57,339
164,000
131,800
         32
353,171

3-5 
years

Less than
1 year

Payment Due by Period
1-3
years
(in thousands)
-
-
-
 -
-

  57,339
164,000
131,800
         32
353,171

-
-
-
-
-

More than
5 years

-
-
-
-
-

Note:        (1)  Includes  obligations  for  purchase  of  equipment,  computer  software  and  machinery  and  wafer 

fabrication, raw material, supplies, assembly and testing services.

As of December 31, 2019, the secured borrowings consisted of bank loans with interest rates per annum 
that ranged from 0.35% to 0.78%, and cash and time deposit totaling $164,000 thousand are pledged as 
collateral. The unsecured borrowings consisted of bank loans with interest rates per annum that ranged from 
1.04403% to 2.96453%.

We have, from time to time, entered into contracts for the acquisition of equipment and computer software. 
As  of  December  31,  2019,  the  remaining  commitments  under  such  contracts  were  $2.4  million. These 
outstanding contracts had a total contract value of $3.4 million.

Pursuant to several wafer fabrication or assembly and testing service arrangements we entered into 
with  service  providers,  we  may  be  obligated  to  make  payments  for  purchase  orders  made  under  such 
arrangements. As of December 31, 2019, our contractual obligations pursuant to such arrangements amounted 
to approximately $129.4 million.

Under the ROC Labor Standard Law, we established a defined benefit plan and were required to make 
monthly contributions to a pension fund in an amount equal to 2% of wages and salaries of our employees. 
Under the ROC Labor Pension Act, beginning on July 1, 2005, we are required to make a monthly contribution 
for employees that elect to participate in the new defined contribution plan of no less than 6% of the employee’s 
monthly wages, to the employee’s individual pension fund account. Substantially all participants in the 
defined benefit plan have elected to participate in the new defined contribution plan. Participants’ accumulated 
benefits under the defined benefit plan are not impacted by their election to change plans. We are required to 
make contributions to the defined benefit plan until it is fully funded. Total contributions to the new defined 
contribution plan in 2019 were $3.3 million compared to $3.5 million and $3.4 million in 2018 and 2017, 
respectively. Total contributions to the defined benefit plan and the new defined contribution plan in 2019 
were $3.4 million compared to $3.7 million and $3.4 million in 2018 and 2017, respectively. Such changes in 
contributions have not, and are not expected to have, a material effect on our cash flows or results of operations.

Inflation

Inflation in Taiwan has not had a material impact on our results of operations in recent years. However, an 
increase in inflation can lead to increases in our costs and lower our profit margins. According to the Directorate 
General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, ROC, the changes of the consumer price index 
in Taiwan were 0.62%, 1.35% and 0.56% in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Please refer to note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
6.A. Directors and Senior Management

Members of our board of directors may be elected by our directors or our shareholders. Our board of 
directors consists of five directors, three of whom are independent directors within the meaning of Rule 
5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Rules. Other than Jordan Wu and Dr. Biing-Seng Wu, who are brothers, there 
are no family relationships between any of our directors and executive officers. The following table sets 
forth information regarding our directors and executive officers as of February 29, 2020. Unless otherwise 
indicated, the positions or titles indicated in the table below refer to Himax Technologies, Inc.

Directors and Executive Officers

Dr. Biing-Seng Wu 
Jordan Wu 
Dr. Yan-Kuin Su 
Yuan-Chuan Horng 
Hsiung-Ku Chen 
Jackie Chang 
Norman Hung

Directors

Age
62
59
71
68
68
60
62

Position/Title

Chairman of the Board
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Director
Director
Director
Chief Financial Officer
Executive Vice President, Sales and Marketing

Dr. Biing-Seng Wu is the chairman of our board of directors. Prior to our reorganization in October 2005, 
Dr. Wu served as president, chief executive officer and a director of Himax Taiwan. Dr. Wu also served as 
the vice chairman of the board of directors of CMO prior to its merger with the predecessor of Innolux and 
TPO. Dr. Wu has been active in the TFT-LCD panel industry for over 20 years and is a member of the boards 
of the Taiwan TFT-LCD Association and the Society for Information Display. Prior to joining CMO in 
1998, Dr. Wu was senior director and plant director of Prime View International Co., Ltd., a TFT-LCD panel 
manufacturer, from 1993 to 1997, and a manager of Thin Film Technology Development at the Electronics 
Research & Service Organization/Industry Technology Research Institute, or ERSO/ITRI, of Taiwan. Dr. Wu 
holds a B.S. degree, an M.S. degree and a Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung 
University. Dr. Wu is the brother of Mr. Jordan Wu, our president and chief executive officer.

Jordan Wu is our president, chief executive officer and director. Prior to our reorganization in October 
2005, Mr. Wu served as the chairman of the board of directors of Himax Taiwan, a position which he held 
since April  2003. Prior to joining Himax Taiwan, Mr. Wu served as chief executive officer of TV Plus 
Technologies, Inc. and chief financial officer and executive director of DVN Holdings Ltd. in Hong Kong. 
Prior  to  that,  he  was  an  investment  banker  at  Merrill  Lynch  (Asia  Pacific)  Limited,  Barclays  de  Zoete 
Wedd (Asia) Limited and Baring Securities, based in Hong Kong and Taipei. Mr. Wu holds a B.S. degree 
in mechanical engineering from National Taiwan University and an M.B.A. degree from the University of 
Rochester. Mr. Wu is the brother of Dr. Biing-Seng Wu, our chairman.

Dr. Yan-Kuin Su is our director. He has retired from the president of Kun Shan University effective July 
31, 2018 and also a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University 
since 1983 and retired in 2011. Dr. Su is devoted to the field of research in semiconductor engineering and 
devices, optoelectronic devices, and microwave device and integrated circuits. He is a fellow of the Institute 
of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, or IEEE. Dr. Su holds a B.S. degree and an M.S. degree and a Ph.D. 
degree in Electrical Engineering from National Cheng Kung University.

Yuan-Chuan Horng is our director. Prior to our reorganization in October 2005, Mr. Horng served as 
a director of Himax Taiwan from August 2004 to October 2005. Mr. Horng retired from the position of the 
vice president of the Finance Division of China Steel Corporation, a TWSE-listed Corporation, effective 
November 30, 2016. During his 40 years of services with China Steel Corporation Group, Mr. Horng held 
various  positions  including  general  manager,  assistant  vice  president  and  vice  president  in  the  Finance 
Divisions. Mr. Horng currently serves as an independent director of President Securities Corporation, listed 
on TWSE, since June 2018. Mr. Horng holds a B.A. degree in economics from Soochow University.

88

Hsiung-Ku Chen is our director. He has a B.S. degree in Physics from Fu-Jen University, an M.A. 
degree in Physics from Temple University and a Ph.D. degree in Applied Physics from Oregon Graduate 
Center. Dr. Chen specializes in areas including Thin Film Transistor Technology, Liquid Crystal Display 
Technology, IC Process Technology and Patent Laws and Regulations, etc. He has dedicated himself to the 
researching and performing practice of the TFT-LCD industry. From 1980 to 2002, Dr. Chen held various 
positions including manager, director and special assistant of the director’s office in the Electronics Research 
& Service Organization of the Industrial Technology Research Institute for over 20 years and was the leader 
of many research projects during his tenure. Additionally, Dr. Chen was elected as Society of Information 
Display, Taipei Chapter Director and Treasurer from 1992 to 1997 and as Taiwan TFT LCD Association 
Secretary General from 2000 to 2002. Furthermore, Dr. Chen contributed his professional knowledge to 
serve as a supervisor of Himax Technologies Limited from April 2003 to December 2003 and as a director 
from December 2003 to October 2005. Dr. Chen was also the Special Assistant of the CEO Office at Etron 
Technology, Inc. from 2005 to 2007. Dr. Chen had served as consultants in various organizations, including 
Color Imaging Industry Promotion Office and the Intellectual Property Innovation Corporation. Currently, 
Dr. Chen serves as consultant of Color Display Industry Promotion Office.

Other Executive Officers

Jackie Chang is our chief financial officer. Before joining Himax, Ms. Chang served as the CFO of 
Castlink Corporation and Tongxing International, as well as the VP of Finance and Operations for PlayHut, 
Inc. Prior to joining PlayHut, Ms. Chang was General Manager –Treasury Control for Nissan North America. 
She held several positions in Nissan North America from 1994 to 2006 including finance, treasury planning, 
operations and accounting. She worked at Nissan JV in China from 2003 to 2006, where she implemented 
IFRS and SAP successfully. She holds a BBA in accounting from the National Chung-Hsing University in 
Taiwan and an MBA in Finance from Memphis State University.

Norman Hung is our executive  vice  president in charge of Sales and Marketing and also serves as 
a  supervisor  of  Himax Analogic  and  Himax  Media  Solutions.  From  2000  to  2006,  Mr.  Hung  served  as 
president of ZyDAS Technology Corp., a fabless integrated circuit design house. From 1999 to 2000, he 
served as vice president of Sales and Marketing for HiMARK Technology Inc., another fabless integrated 
circuit design house. Prior to that, from 1996 to 1998, Mr. Hung served as Director of Sales and Marketing 
for Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. He has also served in various Marketing positions for Hewlett-Packard 
and Logitech. Mr. Hung holds a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung University 
and an executive M.B.A. degree from National Chiao Tung University.

6.B. Compensation

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the aggregate cash compensation that we paid to our executive 
officers  was  approximately  $0.8  million. The  aggregate  share-based  compensation  that  we  paid  to  our 
executive officers was approximately $0.01 million. In 2019, no RSUs was granted to executive officers and 
other employees. However, we granted stock options instead. No executive officer is entitled to any severance 
benefits upon termination of his or her employment with us.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the aggregate cash compensation that we paid to our independent 
directors  was  approximately  $135,000. The  aggregate  share-based  compensation  that  we  paid  to  our 
independent directors was nil. 

The following table summarizes the stock options that we granted in 2019 to our directors and executive 
officers under our 2011 long-term incentive plan. Each unit of option represents two ordinary shares. See “Item 
6.D. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Employees––Share-Based Compensation Plans” for 
more details regarding our stock option grants. 

89

Ordinary Shares
Underlying 
Unvested
Portion of Stock 
Options
-
28,682
28,682
-
-
-
12,000
12,000
14,000
14,000

Total Stock
Options
Granted
-
14,341
14,341
-
-
-
 6,000    
 6,000
 7,000
 7,000

Exercise Price 
(US$)
-
2.27
2.27
-
-
-
2.27
2.27
2.27
2.27

Exercise Period

From
-
April 1, 2020
October 1, 2020
-
-
-
April 1, 2020
October 1, 2020
April 1, 2020
October 1, 2020

To
-
March 31, 2021
September 30, 2021
-
-
-
March 31, 2021
September 30, 2021
March 31, 2021
September 30, 2021

Name

Dr. Biing-Seng Wu
Jordan Wu

Dr. Yan-Kuin Su
Yuan-Chuan Horng 
Hsiung-Ku Chen
Jackie Chang

Norman Hung

6.C. Board Practices

General

Our board of directors consists of five directors, three of whom are independent directors within the 
meaning of Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Rules. We intend to comply with Rule 5605(b)(1) of the Nasdaq 
Rules that require boards of U.S. companies to have a board of directors which is comprised of a majority of 
independent directors. We intend to follow home country practice that permits our independent directors not 
to hold regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present in lieu of complying 
with Rule 5605(b)(2).

Committees of the Board of Directors

To  enhance  our  corporate  governance,  we  have  established  three  committees  under  the  board  of 
directors: the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating and corporate governance 
committee. We have adopted a charter for each of the three committees. Each committee’s members and 
functions are described below.

Audit  Committee.  Our  audit  committee  currently  consists  of Yuan-Chuan  Horng,  Hsiung-Ku  Chen 
and Dr. Yan-Kuin Su. Our board of directors has determined that all of our audit committee members are 
“independent directors” within the meaning of Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Rules and meet the criteria 
for  independence  set  forth  in  Section  10A(m)(3)(B)(i)  of  the  Exchange Act.  Our  audit  committee  will 
oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. The audit 
committee will be responsible for, among other things:

• 

• 

• 

selecting the independent auditors and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted 
to be performed by the independent auditors;

reviewing  with  the  independent  auditors  any  audit  problems  or  difficulties  and  management’s 
response;

reviewing and approving all proposed related party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation 
SK under the Securities Act;

•  discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent auditors;

• 

reviewing major issues as to the adequacy of our internal controls and any special audit steps adopted 
in light of material internal control deficiencies;

• 

annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter;

90

•  meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent auditors;

• 

• 

reporting regularly to the board of directors; and

such other matters that are specifically delegated to our audit committee by our board of directors 
from time to time.

Compensation  Committee.  Our  current  compensation  committee  consists  of Yuan-Chuan  Horng, 
Hsiung-Ku  Chen  and  Dr. Yan-Kuin  Su.  Our  compensation  committee  assists  our  board  of  directors  in 
reviewing and approving the compensation structure, including all forms of compensation, relating to our 
directors and executive officers. Our chief executive officer may not be present at any committee meeting 
where his or her compensation is deliberated. We intend to follow Rule 5605(d)(1)(B) and (2)(B) of the 
Nasdaq Rules which requires the compensation committees of U.S. companies to be comprised solely of 
independent directors. The compensation committee will be responsible for, among other things:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

reviewing  and  making  recommendations  to  our  board  of  directors  regarding  our  compensation 
policies and forms of compensation provided to our directors and officers;

reviewing and determining bonuses for our officers and other employees;

reviewing and determining share-based compensation for our directors, officers, employees and 
consultants;

administering our equity incentive plans in accordance with the terms thereof; and

such other matters that are specifically delegated to the compensation committee by our board of 
directors from time to time.

Nominating  and  Corporate  Governance  Committee.  Our  nominating  and  corporate  governance 
committee assists the board of directors in identifying individuals qualified to be members of our board of 
directors and in determining the composition of the board and its committees. Our current nominating and 
corporate governance committee consists of Yuan-Chuan Horng, Hsiung-Ku Chen, and Dr. Yan-Kuin Su. 
We intend to follow Rule 5605(e)(1)(B) of the Nasdaq Rules which requires that nominations committees 
of U.S. companies be comprised solely of independent directors. Our nominating and corporate governance 
committee will be responsible for, among other things:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

identifying and recommending to our board of directors nominees for election or re-election, or for 
appointment to fill any vacancy;

reviewing annually with our board of directors the current composition of our board of directors in 
light of the characteristics of independence, age, skills, experience and availability of service to us;

reviewing the continued board membership of a director upon a significant change in such director’s 
principal occupation;

identifying and recommending to our board of directors the names of directors to serve as members 
of the audit committee and the compensation committee, as well as the nominating and corporate 
governance committee itself;

advising the board periodically with respect to significant developments in the law and practice of 
corporate governance as well as our compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and making 
recommendations  to  our  board  of  directors  on  all  matters  of  corporate  governance  and  on  any 
corrective action to be taken; and

•  monitoring  compliance  with  our  code  of  business  conduct  and  ethics,  including  reviewing  the 

91

adequacy and effectiveness of our procedures to ensure proper compliance.

Terms of Directors and Officers

Under Cayman Islands law and our articles of association, each of our directors holds office until a 
successor has been duly elected or appointed, except where any director was appointed by the board of 
directors to fill a vacancy on the board of directors or as an addition to the existing board, such director shall 
hold office until the next annual general meeting of shareholders at which time such director is eligible for 
re-election. Our directors are subject to periodic retirement and re-election by shareholders in accordance 
with our articles of association, resulting in their retirement and re-election at staggered intervals. At each 
annual general meeting, one-third of our directors are subject to retirement by rotation, or if their number is 
not a multiple of three, the number nearest to one-third but not exceeding one-third shall retire from office. 
Any retiring director is eligible for re-election. The chairman of our board of directors and/or the managing 
director will not be subject to retirement by rotation or be taken into account in determining the number of 
directors to retire in each year. Under our articles of association, which director will retire at each annual 
general meeting will be determined as follows: (i) any director who wishes to retire and not offer himself 
for re-election, (ii) if no director wishes to retire, the director who has been longest in office since his last 
re-election or appointment, and (iii) if two or more directors have served on the board the longest, then as 
agreed among the directors themselves or as determined by lot. 

6.D. Employees

As of December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, we had 2,190, 2,160 and 1,975 employees, respectively. The 

following is a breakdown of our employees by function as of December 31, 2019:

Function

 Research and development(1) 
 Engineering and manufacturing(2) 
 Sales and marketing(3) 
 General and administrative 
   Total 

Number
1,225
   334
   273
   143
1,975

Note:     (1) Includes semiconductor design engineers, application engineers, assembly and testing engineers and quality 

control engineers.

(2) Includes manufacturing personnel of Himax Taiwan, Himax Display and Himax IGI, our subsidiaries 

focused on design and manufacturing of WLO and LCOS products.  

(3) Includes field application engineers.

Share-Based Compensation Plans

Himax Technologies, Inc. 2005 and 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan

We adopted two long-term incentive plans in October 2005 and September 2011, however, the 2005 plan 
was terminated in October 2010. The following description of the plan is intended to be a summary and does 
not describe all provisions of the plan.

Purpose of the Plan. The purpose of the plan is to advance our interests and those of our shareholders by:

•  providing the opportunity for our employees, directors and service providers to develop a sense of 
proprietorship and personal involvement in our development and financial success and to devote 
their best efforts to our business; and

•  providing us with a means through which we may attract able individuals to become our employees 
or to serve as our directors or service providers and providing us a means whereby those individuals, 

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upon whom the responsibilities of our successful administration and management are of importance, 
can acquire and maintain share ownership, thereby strengthening their concern for our welfare.

Type of Awards. The plan provides for the grant of stock options and restricted share units.

Duration. Generally, the plan will terminate five years from the effective date of the plan. But, the 
amended and restated 2011 Plan was 2nd amended and restated by extending its duration for three (3) years to 
September 6, 2022, which was approved by our shareholders at the annual general meeting held on August 
28, 2019. After the plan is terminated, no awards may be granted, but any award previously granted will 
remain outstanding in accordance with the plan.

Administration. The plan is administered by the compensation committee of our board of directors or 
any other committee designated by our board to administer the plan. Committee members will be appointed 
from time to time by, and will serve at the discretion of, our board. The committee has full power and 
authority to interpret the terms and intent of the plan or any agreement or document in connection with the 
plan, determine eligibility for awards and adopt such rules, regulations, forms, instruments and guidelines for 
administering the plan. The committee may delegate its duties or powers.

Number of Authorized Shares. We have authorized a maximum issuance of 36,153,854 shares in the 
2005 plan and 20,000,000 shares in the 2011 plan, and the 2005 plan was terminated in October 2010. As of 
the date of this annual report, there were no stock options or restricted share units outstanding under the plan 
except as described under “—Stock Options” and “—Restricted Share Units.”

Eligibility  and  Participation.  All  of  our  employees,  directors  and  service  providers  are  eligible  to 
participate in the plan. The committee may select from all eligible individuals those individuals to whom 
awards will be granted and will determine the nature of any and all terms permissible by law and the amount 
of each award.

Stock Options. The committee may grant options to participants in such number, upon such terms and 
at any time as it determines. Each option grant will be evidenced by an award document that will specify 
the exercise price, the maximum duration of the option, the number of shares to which the option pertains, 
conditions upon which the option will become vested and exercisable and such other provisions which are 
not inconsistent with the plan.

The exercise price for each option will be:

•  based on 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant;

• 

• 

set at a premium to the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant; or

indexed to the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, with the committee determining 
the index.

The exercise price on the date of grant must be at least equal to 100% of the fair market value of the 

shares on the date of grant.

Each option will expire at such time as the committee determines at the time of its grant; however, no 
option will be exercisable later than the 10th anniversary of its grant date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, 
for options granted to participants outside the United States, the committee can set options that have terms 
greater than ten years.

Options will be exercisable at such times and be subject to such terms and conditions as the committee 
approves. A condition of the delivery of shares as to which an option will be exercised will be the payment 
of the exercise price. Subject to any governing rules or regulations, as soon as practicable after receipt of 
written notification of exercise and full payment, we will deliver to the participant evidence of book-entry 

93

shares or, upon his or her request, share certificates in an appropriate amount based on the number of shares 
purchased under the option(s). The committee may impose such restrictions on any shares acquired pursuant 
to the exercise of an option as it may deem advisable.

Each participant’s award document will set forth the extent to which he or she will have the right to 

exercise the options following termination of his or her employment or services.

We made grants of 2,226,690 units employee stock options to our certain employees on September 30, 
2019 with exercise price $2.27 per option. The vesting schedule is, 50% of the options vest half year after the 
date of grant and 50% of the options vest one year after the date of grant.

Restricted Share Units. The committee may grant restricted share units to participants. Each grant will be 
evidenced by an award document that will specify the period(s) of restriction, the number of restricted share 
units granted and such other provisions as the committee determines.

Generally, restricted share units will become freely transferable after all conditions and restrictions 
applicable to such shares have been satisfied or lapse and restricted share units will be paid in cash, shares or 
a combination of the two, as determined by the committee.

The committee may impose such other conditions or restrictions on any restricted share units as it may 
deem advisable, including a requirement that participants pay a stipulated purchase price for each restricted 
share unit, restrictions based upon the achievement of specific performance goals and time-based restrictions 
on vesting.

A participant will have no voting rights with respect to any restricted share units.

Each award document will set forth the extent to which the participant will have the right to retain 

restricted share units following termination of his or her employment or services.

We made grants of 1,219,791 RSUs to our employees on September 26, 2014. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 82.57% of the RSU grants vested immediately and was settled by cash in the 
amount of $9.3 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2015, 
2016 and 2017, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

We made grants of 597,596 RSUs to our employees on September 25, 2015. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 94.15% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $4.5 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2016, 
2017 and 2018, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

We made grants of 1,208,785 RSUs to our employees on September 28, 2016. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 91.93% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $9.2 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2017, 
2018 and 2019, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

We made grants of 580,235 RSUs to our employees on September 29, 2017. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 96.91% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $6.1 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2018, 
2019 and 2020, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

We made grants of 676,273 RSUs to our employees on September 26, 2018. The vesting schedule for 
such RSU grants is as follows: 97.15% of the RSU grants vested immediately and were settled by cash in the 
amount of $3.8 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2019, 
2020 and 2021, which will be settled by our ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.

Dividend Equivalents. Any participant selected by the committee may be granted dividend equivalents 

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based  on  the  dividends  declared  on  shares  that  are  subject  to  any  award,  to  be  credited  as  of  dividend 
payment dates, during the period between the date the award is granted and the date the award is exercised, 
vests or expires, as determined by the committee, provided that unvested RSUs are currently not entitled to 
dividend equivalents. Dividend equivalents will be converted to cash or additional shares by such formula 
and at such time and subject to such limitations as determined by the committee.

Transferability of Awards. Generally, awards cannot be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise 

alienated or hypothecated, other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.

Adjustments in Authorized Shares. In the event of any of the corporate events or transactions described 
in the plan, to avoid any unintended enlargement or dilution of benefits, the committee has the sole discretion 
to substitute or adjust the number and kind of shares that can be issued or otherwise delivered.

Forfeiture  Events. The  committee  may  specify  in  an  award  document  that  the  participant’s  rights, 
payments and benefits with respect to an award will be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or 
recoupment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, in addition to any otherwise applicable vesting 
or performance conditions of an award.

If we are required to prepare an accounting restatement owing to our material noncompliance, as a result 
of misconduct, with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, then if the participant is 
one of the individuals subject to automatic forfeiture under Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 
the participant will reimburse us the amount of any payment in settlement of an award earned or accrued 
during the twelve-month period following the first public issuance or filing with the SEC (whichever first 
occurred) of the financial document embodying such financial reporting requirement.

Amendment and Termination. Subject to, and except as, provided in the plan, the committee has the sole 
discretion to alter, amend, modify, suspend, or terminate the plan and any award document in whole or in 
part. Amendments to the plan are subject to shareholder approval, to the extent required by law, or by stock 
exchange rules or regulations.

6.E. Share Ownership

The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares, as of February 29, 2020, 

by each of our directors and executive officers. 

Name

Dr. Biing-Seng Wu 
Jordan Wu 
Dr. Yan-Kuin Su 
Yuan-Chuan Horng 
Hsiung-Ku Chen 
Jackie Chang 
Norman Hung 

Number of Shares 
Owned
74,579,944
  7,306,065
               -
    916,104
               -
      29,262
    530,580

Percentage of Shares 
Owned
21.7%
  2.1%
        -
  0.3%
       -
       -
  0.2%

None of our directors or executive officers has voting rights different from those of other shareholders.

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

7.A. Major Shareholders

On August 10, 2009, we effected certain changes in our capital stock structure in order to meet the 
Taiwan Stock Exchange’s primary listing requirement that the par value of shares be NT$10 or $0.3 per 
share and in order to increase the number of outstanding ordinary shares to be listed on the Taiwan Stock 
Exchange. In particular, we increased our authorized share capital from $50,000 (divided into 500,000,000 

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shares of par value $0.0001 each) to $300,000,000 (divided into 3,000,000,000,000 shares of par value 
$0.0001 each) and distributed 5,999 bonus shares for each share of par value $0.0001 held by shareholders 
of record as of August 7, 2009. These were followed by a consolidation of every 3,000 shares of par value 
$0.0001 each into one ordinary share of par value $0.3 each. As a result, the number of ordinary shares 
outstanding was doubled and each of our ordinary shares had a par value of $0.3.

In connection with the above changes, we also changed our ADS ratio effective August 10, 2009 from 
one ADS representing one ordinary share to one ADS representing two ordinary shares. Such change in 
ADS ratio was intended to adjust for the net dilutive effect due to the bonus shares distribution and the 
shares consolidation so that each ADS would represent the same percentage ownership in our share capital 
immediately before and after the above changes. The number of ADSs also remained the same immediately 
before and after the above changes.

As of February 29, 2020, 344,368,062 of our shares were outstanding. We believe that, of such shares, 
216,555,148 shares in the form of ADSs were held by approximately 31,375 holders as of February 29, 2020.

The following table sets forth information known to us with respect to the beneficial ownership of our 
shares as of February 29, 2020, the most recent practicable date, by (i) each shareholder known by us to 
beneficially own more than 5% of our shares and (ii) all directors and executive officers as a group. 

 Name of Beneficial Owner

Dr. Biing-Seng Wu(1) 
Whei-Lan Teng(2) 
All directors and executive officers as a group(3) 

Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned
74,579,944
21,135,720
83,361,955

Percentage of Shares
Beneficially Owned
 21.7%
 6.14%
 24.2%

Note:      (1) Dr. Biing-Seng Wu directly owns 315,322 ordinary shares. Dr. Biing-Seng Wu beneficially owns 51,009,690 
ordinary shares and 20,039,838 ordinary shares through Sanfair Asia Investments Ltd. and Chi-Duan 
Investment Co., Ltd., respectively, both of which are investment companies controlled by Dr. Biing-Seng 
Wu. Additionally, Dr. Biing-Seng Wu beneficially owns 1,607,547 ADSs purchased through Sanfair Asia 
Investments Ltd. in the open market according to his share purchase plan announced on November 30, 2018. 
Accordingly, Dr. Biing-Seng Wu may be deemed to beneficially own an aggregate of 74,579,944 ordinary 
shares, representing approximately 21.7% of the outstanding ordinary shares.

(2) Whei-Lan Teng directly owns 1,335,548 ordinary shares. Whei-Lan Teng beneficially owns 2,643,782 
ordinary  shares  through  Renmar  Finance  Limited,  which  is  an  investment  company  controlled  by 
Whei-Lan Teng.  In  addition, Whei-Lan Teng,  may  be  attributed  beneficial  ownership  of  17,156,390 
ordinary shares held in trust by Corenmar Investment Limited for the benefit of her children. Whei-Lan 
Teng therefore may be deemed to have shared power to vote or dispose of 21,135,720 ordinary shares. 
Accordingly, Whei-Lan Teng may be deemed to beneficially own an aggregate of 21,135,720 ordinary 
shares, representing approximately 6.14% of the outstanding ordinary shares. 

(3) Numbers of shares beneficially owned by all directors and executive officers as a group already include an 

aggregate of 74,579,944 ordinary shares beneficially owned by Dr. Biing-Seng Wu.

None of our major shareholders has voting rights different from those of other shareholders. We are not 

aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of our company.

7.B. Related Party Transactions

Viewsil Technology Limited (VST)

VST is a subsidiary of our equity method investee, Viewsil Microelectronics (Kunshan) Limited. In 
2017, we purchased raw materials and components from VST amounting to $0.5 million. As of December 
31, 2017, the related payable resulting from the aforementioned transaction had been fully paid. In 2018, 
we purchased mask from VST for our research activities for a fee of $1.6 million. As of December 31, 2018 

96

 
 
 
and 2019, the related payable resulting from the aforementioned transactions were $1.6 million and nil, 
respectively. Additionally, as of December 31, 2018 and 2019, we made an interest free loan of $2.8 million 
and $1.2 million, respectively, to VST for short-term funding needs. The loan is repayable on demand and 
the Company expects it will be repaid in full during 2020. We may consider providing further future loans to 
VST.

Viewsil Microelectronics (Kunshan)Limited (Viewsil)

Viewsil  is  an  equity  method  investee  of  the  Company.  In  2017,  2018  and  2019, Viewsil  provided 
technical service on a new source driver chip and integrated circuit module for the Company’s research 
activities for a fee of $2.2 million, $2.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively, which was charged to research 
and development expense. As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, the related payables were $2.2 million and $2.2 
million, respectively.

Emza Visual Sense Ltd. (Emza)

Emza is an equity method investee of the Company, and becoming as a subsidiary of the Company from 
June 28, 2018. We made an interest free loan of $0.5 million to Emza for short-term funding needs in 2017. 
The loan is repayable on demand.

7.C. Interests of Experts and Counsel

Not applicable.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

8.A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

8.A.1. See “Item 18. Financial Statements” for our audited consolidated financial statements.

8.A.2. See “Item 18. Financial Statements” for our audited consolidated financial statements, which cover 
the last three financial years.

8.A.3. See page F-2 for the report of our independent registered public accounting firm.

8.A.4. Not applicable.

8.A.5. Not applicable.

8.A.6.  See  Note  28  to  our  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  included  in  “Item  18.  Financial 
Statements.”

8.A.7. Litigation

We may be subject to legal proceedings, investigations and claims relating to the conduct of our business 
from time to time. We may also initiate legal proceedings in order to protect our contractual and property 
rights. However, as of the date of this annual report, we are not currently a party to, nor are we aware of, any 
legal proceeding, investigation or claim which, in the opinion of our management, is likely to have a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

8.A.8. Dividends and Dividend Policy

Subject to the Cayman Islands Companies Law, we may declare dividends in any currency, but no 
dividend may be declared in excess of the amount recommended by our board of directors. Whether our 
board of directors recommends any dividends and the form, frequency and amount of dividends, if any, 

97

will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial 
condition, contractual restrictions and other factors as the board of directors may deem relevant.

On June 27, 2008, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $66.8 million, or the equivalent of $0.350 
per ADS. In 2009, we paid a cash dividend on June 29, 2009 in the amount of $55.5 million, or the equivalent 
of $0.300 per ADS, and distributed a stock dividend on August 10, 2009 of 5,999 ordinary shares of par value 
$0.0001 for each ordinary share of par value $0.0001 held by shareholders of record as of August 7, 2009. 
On August 13, 2010, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $44.1 million, or the equivalent of $0.250 per 
ADS. On July 20, 2011, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $21.2 million, or the equivalent of $0.120 
per ADS. On July 25, 2012, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $10.7 million, or the equivalent of $0.063 
per ADS. On July 31, 2013, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $42.4 million, or the equivalent of $0.250 
per ADS. On July 23, 2014, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $46.0 million, or the equivalent of $0.270 
per ADS. On July 8, 2015, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $51.4 million, or the equivalent of $0.300 
per ADS. On August 3, 2016, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $22.3 million, or the equivalent 
of $0.130 per ADS. On August 14, 2017, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $41.3 million, or the 
equivalent of $0.240 per ADS. On July 31, 2018, we paid a cash dividend in the amount of $17.2 million, 
or the equivalent of $0.10 per ADS. For more information on the stock dividend distribution, see “Item 7.A. 
Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders.” The dividends for any of these 
years should not be considered representative of the dividends that would be paid in any future periods or of 
our dividend policy.

Our ability to pay cash or stock dividends will depend, at least partially, upon the amount of funds 
received by us from our direct and indirect subsidiaries, which must comply with the laws and regulations of 
their respective countries and respective articles of association. We receive cash from Himax Taiwan through 
intercompany borrowings. Himax Taiwan has not paid us cash dividends in the past. In accordance with 
amended ROC Company Act and regulations and Himax Taiwan’s amended articles of incorporation, Himax 
Taiwan is permitted to distribute dividends after allowances have been made for:

•  payment of taxes;

• 

• 

recovery of prior years’ deficits, if any;

legal reserve (in an amount equal to 10% of annual profits after having deducted the above items 
until such time as its legal reserve equals the amount of its total paid-in capital);

• 

special reserve based on relevant laws or regulations, or retained earnings, if necessary; and

•  dividends for preferred shares, if any.

Furthermore, if Himax Taiwan does not generate any profits for any year as determined in accordance with 

generally accepted accounting principles in Taiwan, it generally may not distribute dividends for that year.

Any  dividend  we  declare  will  be  paid  to  the  holders  of ADSs,  subject  to  the  terms  of  the  deposit 
agreement, to the same extent as holders of our ordinary shares, to the extent permitted by applicable laws 
and regulations, less the fees and expenses payable under the deposit agreement. Any dividend we declare 
will be distributed by the depositary bank to the holders of our ADSs. Cash dividends on our ordinary shares, 
if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars.

8.B. Significant Changes

Except as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we have not experienced any significant changes 

since the date of the annual financial statements.

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING

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9.A. Offer and Listing Details

Our ADSs have been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “HIMX” since 

March 31, 2006. 

9.B. Plan of Distribution

Not applicable. 

9.C. Markets

The principal trading market for our shares is the NASDAQ Global Select Market, on which our shares 

are traded in the form of ADSs. 

9.D. Selling Shareholders

Not applicable.

9.E. Dilution

Not applicable.

9.F. Expenses of the Issue

Not applicable.

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

10.A. Share Capital

Not applicable.

10.B. Memorandum and Articles of Association

Our  shareholders  previously  adopted  the Amended  and  Restated  Memorandum  of Association  on 
September 26, 2005 by a special resolution passed by the sole shareholder of our company and the Amended 
and Restated Articles of Association at an extraordinary shareholder meeting held on October 25, 2005, both 
of which were filed as an exhibit to our registration statement on Form F-1 (file no. 333-132372) with the 
SEC on March 13, 2006. 

At our annual general meeting on August 6, 2009, our shareholders adopted the Second Amended and 
Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, which became effective on August 10, 2009 and were 
filed as exhibits to our current report on Form 6-K with the SEC on July 13, 2009. These were adopted 
primarily in connection with our proposed Taiwan listing to meet the Taiwan Stock Exchange’s primary 
listing requirement concerning protection of material shareholders’ rights under the ROC’s Company Act and 
Securities Exchange Act. At the same time, our shareholders also adopted the Third Amended and Restated 
Memorandum and Articles of Association, which were filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F 
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 with the SEC on June 3, 2010 and are substantially the same 
as the Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of our company except that our 
authorized share capital is stated to be $300,000,000 divided into 1,000,000,000 shares of nominal or par 
value of $0.3 each, on the condition that it shall become effective if the application made by our company 
to  list  its  ordinary  shares  on  the Taiwan  Stock  Exchange  is  rejected  or  aborted.  On  May  20,  2010,  the 
Third Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association became effective as a result of the 
termination of our primary listing application to the Taiwan Stock Exchange.

We  incorporate  by  reference  into  this  annual  report  the  description  of  our Amended  and  Restated 

99

Memorandum and Articles of Association (except for provisions relating to our authorized share capital) 
contained in our F-1 registration statement (File No. 333-132372) filed with the SEC on March 13, 2006. 
Such description sets forth a summary of certain provisions of our memorandum and articles of association 
as currently in effect, which is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Third Amended and 
Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association. As of the date of this annual report, our authorized share 
capital is $300,000,000 divided into 1,000,000,000 shares of nominal or par value of $0.3 each.

10.C. Material Contracts

We are not currently, and have not been in the last two years, party to any material contract, other than 

contracts entered into the ordinary course of business.

10.D. Exchange Controls

We have extracted from publicly available documents the information presented in this section. The 
information below may be applicable because our wholly owned operating subsidiary, Himax Taiwan, is 
incorporated in the ROC. Please note that citizens of the PRC and entities organized in the PRC are subject 
to special ROC laws, rules and regulations, which are not discussed in this section.

The  ROC’s  Foreign  Exchange  Control  Statute  and  regulations  provide  that  all  foreign  exchange 
transactions must be executed by banks designated to handle foreign exchange transactions by the Central 
Bank of the ROC. There is an annual limit on the amount of currency a Taiwanese entity may convert into, 
or out of, NT dollars other than for trade purposes. Current regulations favor trade-related foreign exchange 
transactions. 

With regard to inward and outward remittances (foreign exchange purchased or sold), approval by the 
Central Bank of the ROC is generally required for any conversion exceeding, in aggregate in each calendar 
year, $50 million (or its equivalent) for companies and $5 million (or its equivalent) for Taiwanese and 
resident foreign individuals. A requirement is also imposed on all private enterprises to report all medium- 
and long-term foreign debt with the Central Bank of the ROC.

In  addition,  a  foreign  person  without  an  alien  resident  card  or  an  unrecognized  foreign  entity  may 
remit to and from Taiwan foreign currencies of up to $100,000 per remittance if required documentation is 
provided to the ROC authorities. This limit applies only to remittances involving a conversion between NT 
dollars and U.S. dollars or other foreign currencies.

10.E. Taxation

Cayman Islands Taxation 

The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, 
gains or appreciation, and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no 
other taxes likely to be material to us levied by the Government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp 
duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or brought within the jurisdiction of, the Cayman 
Islands. The Cayman Islands is not party to any double tax treaties. There are no exchange control regulations 
or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.

We have, pursuant to Section 6 of the Tax Concessions Law (1999 Revision) of the Cayman Islands, 

obtained an undertaking from the Governor-in-Council that:

(a) no law which is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax to be levied on profits, income or 

gains or appreciations shall apply to us or our operations;

(b) the aforesaid tax or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall not be payable on our 

ordinary shares, debentures or other obligations.

100

The undertaking that we have obtained is for a period of 20 years from May 3, 2005.

United States Federal Income Taxation

The following is a description of material U.S. federal income tax consequences to the U.S. Holders 
described  below  of  owning  and  disposing  of  ordinary  shares  or ADSs,  but  it  does  not  purport  to  be  a 
comprehensive description of all tax considerations that may be relevant to a particular person’s decision to 
hold the securities. This discussion applies only to a U.S. Holder that holds ordinary shares or ADSs as capital 
assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This discussion does not address any aspect of the “Medicare 
contributions tax” on “net investment income.” In addition, it does not describe all of the tax consequences 
that may be relevant in light of the U.S. Holder’s particular circumstances, including alternative minimum 
tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to U.S. Holders subject to special rules, such as:

•  certain financial institutions;

•  dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting;

•  persons  holding  ordinary  shares  or ADSs  as  part  of  a  hedging  transaction,  straddle,  wash  sale, 
conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with 
respect to the ordinary shares or ADSs;

•  persons whose functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar;

•  entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

• 

tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts” or “Roth IRAs”;

•  persons that own or are deemed to own ten percent or more of our voting stock; or

•  persons holding ordinary shares or ADSs in connection with a trade or business conducted outside of 

the United States.

If an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes owns ordinary shares 
or ADSs, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner 
and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships holding ordinary shares or ADSs and partners in such 
partnerships should consult their tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences of 
owning and disposing of the ordinary shares or ADSs.

This  discussion  is  based  on  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  of  1986,  as  amended,  administrative 
pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, all as of the 
date hereof. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. It is also based in part on 
representations by the depositary and assumes that each obligation under the deposit agreement and any 
related  agreement  will be performed in accordance with its terms. You should consult your tax adviser 
concerning the U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax consequences of owning and disposing of ordinary 
shares or ADSs in your particular circumstances.

As used herein, a “U.S. Holder” is a person that is, for U.S. federal tax purposes, a beneficial owner 
of ordinary shares or ADSs and is: (i) a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation, or other 
entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political 
subdivision thereof; or (iii) an estate or trust the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation 
regardless of its source.

In general, a U.S. Holder of ADSs will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as the owner of 
the underlying ordinary shares represented by those ADSs. Accordingly, no gain or loss will be recognized if 

101

a U.S. Holder exchanges ADSs for the underlying ordinary shares represented by those ADSs.

The U.S. Treasury has expressed concerns that parties to whom American depositary shares are released 
before delivery of shares to the depositary (“pre-release”) may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the 
claiming of foreign tax credits for U.S. holders of American depositary shares. Such actions would also be 
inconsistent with the claiming of the preferred rates of tax, described below, applicable to dividends received 
by certain non-corporate U.S. holders. Accordingly, the availability of the preferential tax rates for dividends 
received by certain non-corporate U.S. Holders, described below, could be affected by actions taken by 
parties to whom ADSs are pre-released.

This discussion assumes that we are not, and will not become, a passive foreign investment company (as 

discussed below).

Taxation of Distributions 

Distributions received by U.S. Holders with respect to the ordinary shares or ADSs, other than certain 
pro rata distributions of ordinary shares, will constitute foreign-source dividend income for U.S. federal 
income tax purposes to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined 
in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles. We do not to maintain records of earnings and profits 
in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles, and therefore it is expected that distributions will 
generally be reported to U.S. Holders as dividends. Dividends will be included in a U.S. Holder’s income 
on the date of the U.S. Holder’s (or in the case of ADSs, the depository’s) receipt of the dividends. Subject 
to  applicable  limitations  and  the  discussion  above  regarding  concerns  expressed  by  the  U.S. Treasury, 
certain dividends paid by qualified foreign corporations to certain non-corporate holders may be taxable at 
preferential tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains. A foreign corporation is treated as a qualified 
foreign corporation with respect to dividends paid on stock that is readily tradable on a securities market in 
the United States, such as the NASDAQ Global Select Market, where our ADSs are traded. Our ordinary 
shares are not traded on a securities market in the United States. Non-corporate U.S. Holders of our ordinary 
shares or ADSs should consult their tax advisers regarding their eligibility for taxation at such preferential 
rates and whether they are subject to any special rules that limit their ability to be taxed at such preferential 
rates. Corporate U.S. Holders will not be entitled to claim the dividends-received deduction with respect to 
dividends paid by us.

Sale and Other Disposition of Ordinary Shares or ADSs

A U.S. Holder will generally recognize U.S.-source capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax 
purposes on the sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs, which will be long-term capital gain or 
loss if the ordinary shares or ADSs were held for more than one year. Long-term capital gains of certain non-
corporate U.S. Holders may be taxable at preferential rates. The amount of gain or loss will be equal to the 
difference between the amount realized on the sale or other disposition and the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the 
ordinary shares or ADSs. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

We believe that we were not a passive foreign investment company (a “PFIC”) for U.S. federal income 

tax purposes for our taxable year ended December 31, 2019.

In general, a non-U.S. company will be a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year 
in which (i) 75% or more of its gross income consists of passive income (such as dividends, interest, rents 
and royalties) or (ii) 50% or more of the average quarterly value of its assets consists of assets that produce, 
or are held for the production of, passive income (including cash). If a corporation owns at least 25% (by 
value) of the stock of another corporation, the corporation will be treated, for purposes of the PFIC tests, as 
owning its proportionate share of the 25%-owned subsidiary’s assets and receiving its proportionate share of 
the 25%-owned subsidiary’s income. As PFIC status depends upon the composition of our income and assets 
and the value of our assets from time to time (and the value of our assets may be determined, in part, based 

102

on the market price of our shares and ADSs, which may fluctuate considerably from time to time given that 
market prices of certain technology companies historically have been volatile), there can be no assurance that 
we will not be a PFIC for any taxable year.

If we were a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder held ordinary shares or ADSs, 
certain adverse U.S. federal income tax rules would apply on a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) 
of ordinary shares or ADSs by the U.S. Holder. In general, under those rules, gain recognized by the U.S. 
Holder on a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs would be allocated ratably over the U.S. 
Holder’s holding period for the ordinary shares or ADSs. The amounts allocated to the taxable year of the 
sale or other disposition and to any year before we became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income. The 
amount allocated to each other taxable year would be subject to tax at the highest rate in effect for individuals 
or corporations, as appropriate, for that taxable year, and an interest charge would be imposed on the tax 
attributable to such allocated amounts. Similar rules would apply to any distribution in respect of ordinary 
shares or ADSs to the extent in excess of 125% of the average of the annual distributions on ordinary shares 
or ADSs received by the U.S. Holder during the preceding three years or the U.S. Holder’s holding period, 
whichever is shorter. Certain elections may be available that would result in alternative treatments (such as a 
mark-to-market treatment of the ADSs). U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers to determine whether 
any of these elections would be available and, if so, what the consequences of the alternative treatments 
would be in their particular circumstances.

If  we  were  a  PFIC  in  a  taxable  year  in  which  we  pay  a  dividend  or  in  the  prior  taxable  year,  the 
preferential  tax rates discussed above with respect to dividends received by certain non-corporate U.S. 
Holders would not apply.

In addition, if U.S. Holder owns ordinary shares or ADSs during any year in which we are a PFIC, the U.S. 
Holder may be required to file certain information reports, containing such information as the U.S. Treasury 
may require.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Payments of dividends and sales proceeds that are made within the United States or through certain 
U.S.-related financial intermediaries generally are subject to information reporting, and may be subject to 
backup withholding, unless the U.S. Holder is an exempt recipient or, in the case of backup withholding, the 
U.S. Holder provides a correct taxpayer identification number and certifies that it is not subject to backup 
withholding. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. Holder will be allowed as a 
credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the U.S. Holder to a refund, 
provided that the required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.

10.F. Dividends and Paying Agents

Not applicable.

10.G. Statement by Experts

Not applicable.

10.H. Documents on Display

It is possible to read and copy documents referred to in this annual report that have been filed with the 
SEC at the SEC’s public reference rooms in Washington, D.C., New York and Chicago, Illinois. Please call 
the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the reference rooms.

10.I. Subsidiary Information

Not applicable.

103

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Risk. Our exposure to interest rate risk for changes in interest rates is primarily the interest 
income generated by our cash deposited with banks. In addition, we are exposed to interest rate risks related 
to bank borrowings.

Foreign Exchange Risk. The U.S. dollar is our reporting currency. The U.S. dollar is also the functional 
currency for the majority of our operations. In 2019, more than 99% of our sales and cost of revenues were 
denominated in U.S. dollars. However, in December 2019, approximately 65% of our operating expenses 
were denominated in NT dollars, with a small percentage denominated in Japanese Yen, Korean Won, Israel 
new shekel and Chinese Renminbi, and the majority of the remainder denominated in U.S. dollars. We 
anticipate that we will continue to conduct substantially all of our sales in U.S. dollars. We do not believe 
that we have a material currency risk with regard to the NT dollar. We believe the majority of any potential 
adverse foreign currency exchange impacts on our operating assets may be offset by a potential favorable 
foreign currency exchange impact on our operating liabilities. From time to time we have engaged in, and 
may continue to engage in, forward contracts to hedge against our foreign currency exposure.

As of December 31, 2019, no foreign currency exchange contracts are outstanding.

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

12.A. Debt Securities

Not applicable.

12.B. Warrants and Rights

Not applicable.

12.C. Other Securities

Not applicable.

12.D. American Depositary Shares

Fees and Charges Payable by ADS Holders 

Persons depositing or withdrawing 
shares or ADS holders must pay:
$5.00  (or  less)  per  100 ADSs  (or  portion  of  100  
ADSs)

For: 
Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a 
distribution of shares or rights or other property
Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, 
including if the deposit agreement terminates

$.05 (or less) per ADS

Any cash distribution to ADS holders

A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if 
securities distributed to you had been shares and the 
shares had been deposited for the issuance of ADSs

Distribution  of  securities  distributed  to  holders  of 
deposited  securities  which  are  distributed  by  the 
depositary to ADS holders

$.05 (or less) per ADS per calendar year

Depositary services

Registration or transfer fees 

Transfer and registration of shares on our share register 
to or from the name of the depositary or its agent when 

104

 
 
Expenses of the depositary

you deposit or withdraw shares

Cable,  telex  and  facsimile  transmissions  (when 
expressly provided in the deposit agreement) converting 
foreign currency to U.S. dollars 

Taxes  and  other  governmental  charges  that  the  
depositary or custodian have to pay on any ADS  or 
share underlying an ADS, e.g., stock transfer  taxes, 
stamp duty or withholding taxes

 As necessary

Any charges incurred by the depositary or its agents 
for servicing the deposited securities Expenses of the 
depositary

 As necessary

The depositary collects its fees for delivery and surrender of ADSs directly from investors depositing 
shares or surrendering ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal or from intermediaries acting for them. The 
depositary collects fees for making distributions to investors by deducting those fees from the amounts 
distributed or by selling a portion of distributable property to pay the fees. The depositary may collect its 
annual fee for depositary services by deduction from cash distributions or by directly billing investors or 
charging the book-entry system accounts of participants acting for them. The depositary may collect any of 
its fees by deduction from any cash distribution payable to ADS holders that are obligated to pay those fees. 
The depositary may generally refuse to provide fee-attracting services until its fees for those services are 
paid.

From time to time, the depositary may make payments to us to reimburse and/or share revenue from 
the fees collected from ADS holders, or waive fees and expenses for services provided, generally relating 
to costs and expenses arising out of establishment and maintenance of the ADS program. In performing its 
duties under the deposit agreement, the depositary may use brokers, dealers or other service providers that 
are affiliates of the depositary and that may earn or share fees or commissions.

Fees and Other Payments from the Depositary to Us 

In  2019,  we  received  nil  from  the  depositary  relating  to  the ADR  program. The  payment  from  the 
depositary would be intended to cover certain of our expenses incurred in relation to the ADR program for 
the year, including:

• 

legal, audit and other fees incurred in connection with preparation of Form 20-F and annual reports 
and ongoing SEC compliance and listing requirements;

•  director and officer insurance;

• 

stock exchange listing fees; 

•  non-deal roadshow expenses;

• 

costs incurred by financial printer and share certificate printer;

•  postage for communications to ADR holders;

• 

costs of retaining third-party public relations, investor relations and/or corporate communications 
advisory firms in the U.S.; and

• 

costs incurred in connection with participation in retail investor shows and capital markets days.

105

 
Appointment of New Depositary Bank

On July 14, 2017, we appointed JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as our new American depositary receipt 
bank. Effective the same day, our ADR program was officially transferred to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. 
and the contract is to last for ten years.

PART II

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

Not applicable. 

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE 
OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period 
covered by this report, have concluded that based on the evaluation of these controls and procedures required 
by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

•  pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect our 

transactions and dispositions of our assets;

•  provide reasonable assurance that our transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation 
of our financial statements in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB, and that our receipts and 
expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and our 
directors; and

•  provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, 

use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of internal control effectiveness to future periods are subject 
to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management, with the participation of our chief executive and chief financial officers, assessed the 
effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange 
Act) as of December 31, 2019 based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control – Integrated Framework 
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the 

106

assessment, our management believes that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of 
December 31, 2019.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Himax Technologies, Inc.:

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Himax Technologies, Inc.’s and subsidiaries (the “Company”) internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework 
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our 
opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) 
issued by the COSO.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight 
Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated statements of financial position of the Company as of 
December 31, 2018 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of profit or loss, other comprehensive 
income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 
2019, and the related notes (collectively, the “consolidated financial statements”) and our report dated March 
25, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. 

Basis for Opinion 

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting 
and  for  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the 
accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to 
express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a 
public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the 
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over 
financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all  material  respects.  Our  audit  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the 
risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of 
internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our 
opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable 
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide 
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company 
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) 
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

107

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk 
that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with 
the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ KPMG
Hsinchu, Taiwan
March 25, 2020

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

In  2019,  no  change  in  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  has  occurred  during  the  period 
covered by this annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our 
internal control over financial reporting. 

ITEM 16. [RESERVED]

16.A. Audit Committee Financial Expert

Our board of directors has determined that Yuan-Chuan Horng is an audit committee financial expert, as 
that term is defined in Item 16A(b) of Form 20-F and is independent for the purposes of Rule 5605(a)(2) of 
the Nasdaq Rules and Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act. 

16.B. Code of Ethics

Our board of directors has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, 
officers  and  employees,  including  our  principal  executive  officer,  principal  financial  officer,  principal 
accounting officer or controller and any other persons who perform similar functions for us. We will provide 
a copy of our code of business conduct and ethics without charge upon written request to:

Himax Technologies, Inc.

Human Resources Department
No. 26, Zih Lian Road, Tree Valley Park
Sinshih District, Tainan City 74148
Taiwan, Republic of China

16.C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

KPMG, our independent registered public accounting firm, began serving as our independent auditor 

upon the formation of our company in 2001. 

Our  audit  committee  is  responsible  for  the  oversight  of  KPMG’s  work. The  policy  of  our  audit 
committee is to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by KPMG, including audit services, 
audit-related services, tax services and other services.

We paid the following fees for professional services to KPMG for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019.

Services

  Audit Fees(1)
  All Other Fees(2)
        Total

Year ended December 31,   

2018
 $           811,000
           25,000
 $           836,000

2019
 $           764,000
           42,000
 $           806,000

Note:     (1) Audit Fees. This category includes the audit of our annual financial statements and internal control 
over financial reporting, quarterly review procedures, services that are normally provided by the 

108

  
  
independent auditors in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those 
fiscal years. This category also includes statutory audits required by the Tax Bureau of the ROC.

(2) All Other Fees. This category consists of fees in relation to transfer pricing reports and audit of 

conflict mineral report.

16.D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

Not applicable.

16.E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

On  November  1,  2007,  our  board  of  directors  authorized  a  share  buyback  program  allowing  us 
to  repurchase  up  to  $40.0  million  of  our ADSs  in  the  open  market  or  through  privately  negotiated 
transactions. We concluded this share buyback program in the first quarter of 2008 and repurchased a total 
of approximately $33.1 million of our ADSs (equivalent to approximately 7.7 million ADSs) from the open 
market. 

On November 14, 2008, our board of directors authorized another share buyback program allowing 
us  to  repurchase  up  to  $50.0  million  of  our ADSs  in  the  open  market  or  through  privately  negotiated 
transactions. We concluded this share buyback program in the third quarter of 2010 and repurchased a total 
of approximately $50.0 million of our ADSs (approximately 19.3 million ADSs) under this program from the 
open market. 

In April 2011, the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands was amended to permit treasury shares if 
so approved by the board of directors and to the extent that the articles do not prohibit treasury shares. 
Therefore, we would hold the treasury shares for future employees awards.

On June 20, 2011, our board of directors authorized another share buyback program allowing us to 
repurchase up to $25.0 million of our ADSs in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. 
As  of  February  28,  2019,  we  had  repurchased  a  total  of  approximately  $13.4  million  of  our ADSs 
(approximately 9.5 million ADSs) under this program from the open market.

The  following  table  sets  forth  information  regarding  transactions  completed  under  the  2011  share 

buyback programs for each of the specified periods.

(a) Total 
Number 
of ADSs 
Purchased

(b) Average 
Price Paid 
per ADS

(c) Total 
Number of ADSs 
Purchased as 
Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs

(d) Approximate 
Dollar Value of 
ADSs That May 
Yet Be Purchased 
Under the Plans or 
Programs

Period

2011 Share Buyback Program:
January 3, 2012 to January 31, 2012 
February 1, 2012 to February 27, 2012 
March 6, 2012 to March 30, 2012
April 3, 2012 to April 25, 2012 
May 7, 2012 to May 31, 2012 
June 1, 2012 to June 28, 2012 
July 12, 2012 to July 31, 2012 
August 1, 2012 to August 29, 2012 
September 4, 2012 to September 26, 2012 
October 1, 2012 to October 25, 2012 
November 1, 2012 to November 13, 2012

    2,451,652
    1,873,787
       186,345
       120,968
         83,839
       399,340
       169,188
         45,416
         48,276
       228,759
       113,876

 $        1.31
 $        1.61
 $        1.75
 $        1.96
 $        1.99
 $        1.86
 $        1.55
 $        1.72
 $        1.92
 $        1.94
 $        1.94

              6,218,862
              8,092,649
              8,278,994
              8,399,962
              8,483,801
              8,883,141
              9,052,329
              9,097,745
              9,146,021
              9,374,780
              9,488,656

  $          17,185,592
  $          14,172,391
  $          13,847,214
  $          13,610,673
  $          13,444,651
  $          12,703,233
  $          12,442,204
  $          12,364,315
  $          12,272,014
  $          11,830,123
  $          11,609,979

109

    
16.F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

Not applicable. 

16.G. Corporate Governance

The Nasdaq Rules provide that foreign private issuers may follow home country practice in lieu of the 
corporate governance requirements of the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC, subject to certain exceptions and 
requirements and except to the extent that such exemptions would be contrary to U.S. federal securities laws 
and regulations. The significant differences between our corporate governance practices and those followed 
by U.S. companies under the Nasdaq Rules are summarized as follows:

•  We  follow  home  country  practice  that  permits  our  independent  directors  not  to  hold  regularly 
scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present in lieu of complying with Rule 
5605(b)(2).

16.H. Mine Safety Disclosure

Not applicable.

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PART III

Our  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  report  thereon  by  our  independent  registered  public 

accounting firm listed below are attached hereto as follows:

(a) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

(b) Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2018 and 2019.

(c) Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019.

(d) Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 

2018 and 2019.

(e) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 

2019.

(f) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019.

(g) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

110

ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number

          1.1

Description of Document

Third Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant, 
as currently in effect. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 from our Annual Report 
on Form 20-F (file no. 000-51847) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on June 3, 2010.)

          2.1

Registrant’s Specimen American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 2.3).

          2.2

          2.3

          4.1

          4.2*

Registrant’s Specimen Certificate for Ordinary Shares. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 4.2 from our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (file no. 333-132372) filed with 
the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 13, 2006.)

Form  of  Deposit Agreement  among  the  Registrant,  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  as 
depositary, and holders of the American depositary receipts. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit (a) to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-6 (file no. 333-219169) 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 6, 2017.)

Himax Technologies, Inc. 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan Amended and Restated as 
of August 31st day, 2016 and 2nd Amended and Restated as of August 28th day, 2019. 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the Registrant’s report of foreign 
private issuer on Form 6-k filed on July 15, 2019.)

Agreement and Plan of Merger dated November 8, 2010 among Himax Display, Inc., 
Spatial Photonics, Inc. and Wen Hsieh. (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 
from our Annual Report on Form 20-F (file no. 000-51847) filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on May 20, 2011.)

          8.1

List of Subsidiaries.

          12.1

          12.2

          13.1

Certification of Jordan Wu, President and Chief Executive Officer of Himax Technologies, 
Inc., pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification  of  Jackie  Chang,  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Himax Technologies,  Inc., 
pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification pursuant to 18 USC. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

          15.1

Consent of KPMG, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

          101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

          101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

          101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

          101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

          101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

          101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

*Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit.

111

SIGNATURES

  Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant certifies 
that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused this annual report to be 
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

          HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 

By: /s/ Jordan Wu

Name:  Jordan Wu
Title:    President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: March 25, 2020

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 
Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 

2019

Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 

2017, 2018 and 2019 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2018 

and 2019

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 

2019 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

page
F-1
F-2

F-4

F-5

F-6

F-9
F-11

113

 
Himax Technologies, Inc.

List of Subsidiaries

Exhibit 8.1

Jurisdiction of
Incorporation
ROC

Percentage of
Our Ownership
Interest
100.0%

Himax Technologies Limited

Subsidiary 

Himax Technologies Korea Ltd.

South Korea

100.0%

Himax Technologies (Samoa), Inc.

Himax Technologies (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.

Himax Technologies (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.

Himax Display, Inc.

Integrated Microdisplays Limited

Himax Display (USA) Inc.

Himax Analogic, Inc. 

Himax Imaging, Inc.

Himax Imaging, Ltd.

Himax Imaging Corp.

Himax Media Solutions, Inc.

Harvest Investment Limited

Himax Technologies Japan Ltd.

Samoa

PRC

PRC

ROC

Hong Kong

Delaware, USA

ROC

  100.0%(1)

  100.0%(2)

  100.0%(2)

    82.7%(1)

    82.7%(3)

    82.7%(3)

    98.6%(1)

Cayman Islands

100.0%

ROC

California, USA

ROC

ROC

Japan

    96.9%(1)

     96.9%(4)

    99.2%(1)

  100.0%(1)

100.0%

100.0%

    64.0%(1)

  100.0%(1)

  100.0%(1)

Himax Semiconductor (Hong Kong) Limited

Hong Kong

Liqxtal Technology Inc.

Himax IGI Precision Ltd.

Emza Visual Sense Ltd.

ROC

Delaware, USA

Israel

(1) Indirectly, through our 100.0% ownership of Himax Technologies Limited.

(2) Indirectly, through our 100.0% ownership of Himax Technologies (Samoa), Inc.

(3) Indirectly, through our 82.7% ownership of Himax Display, Inc.

(4) Indirectly, through our 96.9% ownership of Himax Imaging, Ltd.

114

 
 
Certification

Exhibit 12.1

I, Jordan Wu, certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Himax Technologies, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to 
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which 
such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the 
company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control 
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and 
have: 

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures 
to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, 
including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those  entities, 
particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; 

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in 
this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of 
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that 
occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably 
likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation 
of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the 
company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control 
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to 
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and 

(b)  Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Date: March 25, 2020 

                                                                            By:  /s/ Jordan Wu

                                                                                   Name:  Jordan Wu
                                                                                   Title:    President and Chief Executive Officer

115

 
  
  
  
  
Certification

Exhibit 12.2

I, Jackie Chang, certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Himax Technologies, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to 
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which 
such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the 
company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control 
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and 
have: 

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures 
to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, 
including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those  entities, 
particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; 

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in 
this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of 
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that 
occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably 
likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation 
of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the 
company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control 
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to 
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and 

(b)  Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Date: March 25, 2020 

                                                                            By:  /s/ Jackie Chang

                                                                                   Name:  Jackie Chang
                                                                                   Title:    Chief Financial Officer

116

 
  
  
  
  
Certification

Exhibit 13.1

March 25, 2020

The certification set forth below is being submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission in 
connection with the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019 (the “Report”) for 
the purpose of complying with Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the 
“Exchange Act”) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.

Jordan Wu, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Himax Technologies, Inc., and Jackie Chang, the 

Chief Financial Officer of Himax Technologies, Inc., each certifies that, to the best of his or her knowledge:

1. 

the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act; and

2. 

the  information  contained  in  the  Report  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial 
condition and results of operations of Himax Technologies, Inc.

                                                                            By:  /s/ Jordan Wu

                                                                                   Name:  Jordan Wu
                                                                                   Title:    President and Chief Executive Officer

                                                                            By:  /s/ Jackie Chang

                                                                                   Name:  Jackie Chang
                                                                                   Title:    Chief Financial Officer

117

 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Exhibit 15.1

The Board of Directors
Himax Technologies, Inc.:

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (No. 333-137585 and No. 333-
176863) on Form S-8 and the registration statement (No. 333-189052) on Form F-3 of Himax Technologies, 
Inc.  and  subsidiaries  of  our  reports  dated  March  25,  2020,  with  respect  to  the  consolidated  statements 
of  financial  position  of  Himax Technologies,  Inc.  as  of  December  31,  2018  and  2019,  and  the  related 
consolidated statements of profit or loss, other comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows 
for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes, and the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, which reports appear in 
the December 31, 2019 annual report on Form 20-F of Himax Technologies, Inc.

/s/ KPMG
Hsinchu, Taiwan 
March 25, 2020

118

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(With Report of Independent Registered 
Public Accounting Firm Thereon)

 
 
 
F-1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Himax Technologies, Inc.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Himax Technologies, Inc. 
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018 and 2019, the related consolidated statements 
of profit or loss, other comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the 
three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively, the “consolidated financial 
statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the 
financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2019, and the results of its operations and 
its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with 
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight 
Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 
31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 
25, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are 
a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the 
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements 
are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures 
to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or 
fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test 
basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits 
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as 
well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits 
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2001.

/s/KPMG
Hsinchu, Taiwan 
March 25, 2020

 
F-2

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

December 31, 2018 and 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)

Assets
Current assets:
     Cash and cash equivalents

Financial assets at amortized cost
Accounts receivable, net
Inventories
Income taxes receivable
Restricted deposit
Other receivable from related parties 
Other current assets

Total current assets

December 31,

December 31,

Note

2018

2019

$

6, 22
7, 22
11, 22
12
22
17, 22, 26
22, 25
22

106,437
  11,229
189,279
162,561
         72
164,326
    2,780
  17,731
654,415

101,055
  11,049
164,943
143,774
         88
164,000
    1,200
  18,559
604,668

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Financial assets at fair value through other 

8, 22

    9,768

  13,500

comprehensive income
Equity method investments
Property, plant and equipment, net
Deferred tax assets
Goodwill
Other intangible assets, net
Restricted deposit
Other non-current assets

9, 22
13
15, 28, 29
5, 21

5, 14, 29
22, 26
18, 22

Total assets

$

       791
    4,064
111,067
  13,904
  28,138
  10,778
       130
    3,623
182,263
836,678

       709
    3,746
138,938
  14,433
  28,138
    8,750
       133
    5,466
213,813
818,481

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
    
  
F-3

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Continued)

December 31, 2018 and 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)

Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities:

Unsecured borrowings
Secured borrowings
Financial liability at amortized cost
Accounts payable
Income taxes payable
Other payable to related party
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities
Net defined benefit liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
Other non-current liabilities
Total liabilities

Equity
     Ordinary shares
     Additional paid-in capital
     Treasury shares
     Accumulated other comprehensive income
     Retained earnings

Equity attributable to owners of

               Himax Technologies, Inc.
Noncontrolling interests
Total equity

December 31,

December 31,

Note

2018

2019

$

17, 22, 26
17, 22, 26
10, 22
22
21
22, 25
5, 16, 22

18
5, 21
22

20
20

20

20

  20,000
164,000
    5,071
150,500
    6,007
    3,797
  41,780
391,155
       151
    1,759
    1,326    
394,391

107,010
104,749
    (8,819)
       (549)
244,157

446,548
    (4,261)
442,287
836,678

  57,339
 164,000
           -
 114,320
    2,903
    2,220
  40,108
380,890
         50
    1,394
    4,903    
387,237

107,010
105,150
    (8,764)
       (952)
230,543

432,987
    (1,743)
431,244
818,481

          Total liabilities and equity

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

           
 
 
F-4

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss  

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
(in thousands of US dollars, except per share data)

Note

2017

2018

2019

Revenues

28

$

685,167

723,605

671,835

Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenues
Research and development 
General and administrative 
Expected credit loss
Sales and marketing

12,18,19,29
18,19,25,29
5,18,19,29
11
18, 19, 29

   518,142 
   117,662 
     20,461 
          155  
  20,388

   554,690 
   123,037 
     21,823 
          290  
  20,380

   533,916 
   114,859 
     23,672 
            67  
  17,628

Total costs and expenses

676,808

720,220

690,142

Operating income (loss)

       8,359         

       3,385         

  (18,307)  

Non operating income (loss):

Interest income
Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair 

value through profit or loss

8,13

Foreign currency exchange losses, net
Finance costs 
Share of losses of associates
Other income

Profit (loss) before income taxes

Income tax expense
Profit (loss) for the year
Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
Profit (loss) attributable to Himax 
Technologies, Inc. stockholders

13
5

21

Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share attributable 

to Himax Technologies, Inc. stockholders
Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share 

attributable to Himax Technologies, Inc. 
stockholders

Basic earnings (loss) per ADS attributable to 
Himax Technologies, Inc. stockholders
Diluted earnings (loss) per ADS attributable to 
Himax Technologies, Inc. stockholders

4(r)

4(r)

4(r)

4(r)

     2,225

     2,429

    2,013

  23,226
    (1,659)
       (878)
    (1,200)
            19 
  21,733
     30,092 
       4,554 
     25,538 
    2,142

    2,036
       (369)
    (1,232)
     (1,095)
       1,866 
    3,635
    7,020
       994
    6,026
    2,543

    3,746
       (546)
    (2,325)
       (477)
          128 
    2,539
  (15,768)
       416
  (16,184)
    2,570

  27,680

   8,569

  (13,614)

0.08

0.02

(0.04)

0.08

0.16

0.16

0.02

0.05

0.05

(0.04)

(0.08)

(0.08)

$

$

$

$

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

  
 
   
          
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
          
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
F-5

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)

Profit (loss) for the year
Other comprehensive income:

Items that will not be

reclassified to profit or loss:
Remeasurements of defined 
benefit pension plans
Unrealized loss on financial 

assets at fair value through 
other comprehensive 
income

Income tax related to items 

that will not be reclassified 
subsequently

Items that may be reclassified

subsequently to profit or loss:
Unrealized gains on financial 
assets at fair value through 
profit or loss

Foreign operations - foreign
currency translation 
differences

Other comprehensive income for

the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive income for

the year

Total comprehensive income

attributable to noncontrolling 
interests

Total comprehensive income
attributable to Himax 
Technologies, Inc. stockholders

Note

2017

2018

2019

$

             25,538   

              6,026

            (16,184)

18,20,21

                     (81)

                  431

                  154

      (96)

  1,302

  214

      -

    15

            (702)

        (35)

         (169)

      (25)

                1,184

                  (336)

                  (545)

  322

  862

         -

      -

          (336)

  (545)   

                1,103

                     95

                  (391)

              26,641

               6,121

              (16,575)

                2,147

               2,538

               2,558

$

             28,788

              8,659

            (14,017)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

  
 
 
      
 
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F-9

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Profit (loss) for the year
Adjustments for: 

Depreciation and amortization
Expected credit loss recognized on accounts

receivable

Share-based compensation expenses
Gain on disposals of property, plant and 

equipment, net 

Gain on re-measurement of the pre-existing 
relationships in a business combination
Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair 

value through profit or loss

Interest income
Finance costs
Income tax expense
Share of losses of associates
Inventories write downs 
Unrealized foreign currency exchange losses 

Changes in: 

Accounts receivable 
Inventories 
Other current assets
Accounts payable
Accounts payable to related party
Other payable to related party
Net defined benefit liabilities
Other current liabilities
Other non-current liabilities
Cash generated from operating activities
Interest received
Interest paid
Income tax paid

Net cash provided by operating activities

2017

2018

2019

$

25,538

  6,026

  (16,184)

16,680

20,327

  24,399

     155
     997
       (26)

     290
     408
         -

         67
       457
         (90)

         -

  (1,662)

           -

(23,226)

  (2,036)  

    (3,746)

  (2,225)
     878
  4,554
  1,200
12,298
         -
 36,823

  (1,665)
  2,250
     969
  (2,336)
     (576)
  2,200
         (9)
  5,424
     (604)
42,476
  2,165
     (565)    
 (14,683)
 29,393

  (2,429)
  1,232
     994
  1,095
17,724
     294
42,263

     (794)
(45,085)
  (1,511)
10,567
         -
  1,597
     (128)
     753
     (458)
  7,204
  2,361
     (877)
  (4,679)
  4,009

    (2,013)
    2,325
       416
       477
  25,447
       121
  31,676

  23,992
    (6,660)
         35   
  (36,180)
           -
    (1,577)
           6
       866
       250
  12,408
    2,060
    (2,372)
    (4,440)
    7,656

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
     
  
  
        
 
 
 
  
     
    
  
  
F-10

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
 (in thousands of US dollars)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and 

equipment

Acquisitions of intangible assets
Acquisitions of financial assets at amortized cost
Proceeds from disposal of financial assets at amortized 

2017

2018

2019

$

  (39,292)

       (49,672) 

  (45,922)         

       115
       (526)
    (5,572)

           1
       (925)
    (4,766)

         98
            (152) 
    (4,023)

cost

       744

    3,514

    4,171

Acquisitions of financial assets at fair value through 

profit or loss

  (41,523)

  (26,277)

  (50,487)

Proceeds from disposal of financial assets at fair value 

through profit or loss
Acquisition of business
Acquisition of a subsidiary, net of cash acquired
Proceeds from capital reduction of investment
Acquisitions of equity method investments
Decrease (increase) in refundable deposits 
Releases (pledges) of restricted deposit
Cash paid for loan made to related parties
Cash received from loan made to related party
Income tax paid for disposal of financial assets at fair 

value through profit or loss
Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Payments of cash dividends
Proceeds from issuance of new shares by subsidiaries  
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary shares to 

noncontrolling interests by Himax Imaging, Inc.

Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests
Pledge of restricted deposit
Proceeds from unsecured borrowings
Repayments of unsecured borrowings
Proceeds from secured borrowings
Repayments of secured borrowings
Payment of lease liabilities

Net cash provided by (used in) financing 

activities

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on 

cash and cash equivalents

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

  56,375
          -
           -
       132
    (9,175)
       (120)
       (146)
    (3,250)
    7,150

           -
  (35,088)

  48,764
       (700)
    (3,301)
         55
    (2,093)
         87
         14
       (780)
           -   

  50,648
       (700)          
       (400)
         47
       (129) 
    (2,821)
       323 
    (1,200)
    2,780

    (2,187)
  (38,266)

           -
  (47,767)

  (41,281)
       105

       (17,210) 
         11

           -
           -

           4
         (42)
    (9,000)
          -
           -
151,161
(142,161)
           -

           -
           -
  (17,000)
        40,000 
  (20,000)
  91,000
  (74,000)
           -

           -
           -
           -
      244,224 
(207,006)
      158,000 
(158,000)
    (1,957)

  (41,214)

    2,801

  35,261

       480
  (46,429)
184,452
138,023

$

            (130) 
       (31,586) 
      138,023 
106,437

            (532) 
    (5,382)
106,437
101,055

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
  
           
 
 
   
 
    
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
       
       
  
 
F-11

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 1. Reporting entity

Himax Technologies  Limited,  an  exempted  company  with  limited  liability  under  the  Cayman
Islands  Companies  Law,  was  incorporated  on April  26,  2005  and  changed  the  name  to  “Himax 
Technologies,  Inc.”  on  September  26,  2005.    Since  March  2006,  Himax Technologies,  Inc.’s
ordinary  shares  have  been  quoted  on  the  NASDAQ  Global  Select  Market  under  the  symbol
“HIMX”  in  the  form  of ADSs  and  two  ordinary  shares  represent  one ADS  with  effect  from
August 10, 2009.

The  registered  office  in  the  Cayman  Islands  is  located  at  Cricket  Square,  Hutchins  Drive,  P.O.
Box 2681, Grand Cayman KY1-1111, Cayman Islands. The principal executive office is located
at No. 26, Zih Lian Road, Sinshih District, Tainan City 74148, Taiwan, Republic of China. 

The principal operating activities of Himax Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, the 
Company) are described in Note 4(b).

Note 2. Basis of preparation 

(a)   Statement of compliance

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards 
Board (“IASB”).  

The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors on 
March 25, 2020.

(b)   Basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for 
the following material items in the statement of financial position:

1.  Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss;

2.  Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income;

3.  The defined benefit liability (asset) is recognized as the fair value of the plan assets less the 

present value of the defined benefit obligation.

 
 
HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 3. Application of new and revised IFRS as issued by the IASB

F-12

a.  Amendments to IFRSs and the new interpretation that are mandatorily effective for the current

year

New, Revised or Amended Standards and Interpretations

Effective Date
Announced by IASB

IFRS 16 “Leases”
IFRIC 23 “Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments”
Amendments to IFRS 9 “Prepayment features with negative compensation”
Amendments to IAS 19 “Plan Amendment, Curtailment or Settlement”
Amendments to IAS 28 “Long-term interests in associates and joint 

ventures”

Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2015–2017 Cycle

January 1, 2019
January 1, 2019 
January 1, 2019
January 1, 2019

January 1, 2019
January 1, 2019

The Company believes that the adoption of the above IFRSs would not have a significant impact on 
its consolidated financial statements. The Company has made certain adjustments upon the initial 
application of IFRS 16 as follows:

IFRS 16 “Leases”

IFRS 16 sets out the accounting standards for leases, which replaces IAS 17 “Leases”, IFRIC 4 
Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease, SIC-15 Operating Leases – Incentives and 
SIC-27 Evaluating the Substance of Transactions Involving the Legal Form of a Lease.

The Company applied IFRS 16 Leases and using the modified retrospective approach from January 1, 
2019. Accordingly, the comparative information presented for 2018 is not restated. It is presented, as 
previously reported, under IAS 17 and related interpretations. 

i.   Definition of a lease

Previously, the Company determined at contract inception whether an arrangement is or contains 
a lease under IFRIC 4. Under IFRS 16, the Company assesses whether a contract is or contains a 
lease based on the definition of a lease, as explained in Note 4(j).

On transition to IFRS 16, the Company elected to apply the practical expedient to grandfather the 
assessment of which transactions are leases. The Company applied IFRS 16 only to contracts that 
were previously identified as leases. Contracts that were not identified as leases under IAS 17 and 
IFRIC 4 were not reassessed for whether there is a lease. Therefore, the definition of a lease under 
IFRS 16 was applied only to contracts entered into or changed on or after January 1, 2019.

 
 
F-13

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

ii.  As a lessee

As a lessee, the Company previously classified leases as operating or finance leases based on its 
assessment of whether the lease transferred significantly all of the risks and rewards incidental 
to ownership of the underlying asset to the Company. Under IFRS 16, the Company recognizes 
right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases on the consolidated statement of financial 
position except for leases of low-value assets and short-term leases, which the Company may 
elect to apply the accounting method like the accounting for operating lease under IAS 17.

At transition, lease liabilities were measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, 
discounted at the Company’s incremental borrowing rate as at January 1, 2019. Right-of-use 
assets are measured at an amount equal to the lease liability, adjusted by the amount of any 
prepaid or accrued lease payments.

The Company has tested its right-of-use assets for impairment on the date of transition and has 
concluded that there is no indication that the right-of-use assets are impaired. 

In addition, the Company used the following practical expedients when applying IFRS 16 to 
leases.

–  Applied the exemption not to recognize right-of-use assets and liabilities for leases with less than 

12 months of lease term and leases of low-value assets.

–  Excluded initial direct costs from measuring the right-of-use asset at the date of initial application.
–  Used hindsight when determining the lease term if the contract contains options to extend or 

terminate the lease.

iii. As a lessor

The Company is not required to make any adjustments on transition to IFRS 16 for leases in 
which it acts as a lessor. The Company accounted for its leases in accordance with IFRS 16 from 
the date of initial application.

iv.  Impacts on financial statements

On transition to IFRS 16, the Company recognized additional $5,899 thousand of right-of-use 
assets and $5,899 thousand of lease liabilities. When measuring lease liabilities, the Company 
discounted lease payments using its incremental borrowing rate at January 1, 2019. The weighted-
average rate applied is 2.45%.

 
 
 
F-14

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The explanation of differences between operating lease commitments disclosed at the end of the 
annual reporting period immediately preceding the date of initial application, and lease liabilities 
recognized in the statement of financial position at the date of initial application disclosed as follows:

Operating lease commitment at December 31, 2018 as disclosed under 

IAS 17 in the Company’s consolidated financial statements

Recognition exemption for short-term leases

Extension and termination options reasonably certain to be exercised

Discounted using the incremental borrowing rate at January 1, 2019

Lease liabilities recognized at January 1, 2019

January 1, 2019

(in thousands)

$

$

$

$

4,874

(166)

1,610

6,318

5,899

5,899

b.  New and revised standards, amendments and interpretations in issue but not yet effective

In preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company has not adopted 
the following International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), International Accounting 
Standards  (“IAS”),  Interpretations  developed  by  the  International  Financial  Reporting 
Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”) or the former Standing Interpretations Committee (“SIC”) 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) (collectively, “IFRSs”).

New, Revised or Amended Standards and Interpretations

Amendments to IFRS 3 “Definition of a Business”
Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8 “Definition of Material”
Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 “Sale or Contribution of Assets 
Between an Investor and Its Associate or Joint Venture”
IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts”
Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS39 and IFRS7 “Interest Rate Benchmark 

Reform”

Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current (Amendments to 

IAS 1)

Effective Date
Announced by IASB

January 1, 2020
January 1, 2020
Effective date to be 

determined by IASB

January 1, 2021

January 1, 2020

January 1, 2022

As of the date of the consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue, the Company 
continues in assessing other possible impacts that application of the abovementioned amendments 
will have on the Company’s financial position and financial performance and will disclose these 
other impacts when the assessment is completed.

 
 
                       
                       
F-15

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 4. Significant accounting policies

The  significant  accounting  policies  applied  in  the  preparation  of  these  consolidated  financial 
statements are set out as below. The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently 
to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements, except if mentioned otherwise (see 
also Note 3). The accounting policies have been applied consistently by consolidated entities.

(a)  Basis of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of 
Himax Technologies, Inc. and its majority owned subsidiaries and entities that it has a controlling 
financial interest. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in 
consolidation. 

(b)  List of Subsidiaries in the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Following is general information about Himax Technologies, Inc.’s subsidiaries: 

Percentage of Ownership

Investor

Subsidiary

Main
activities

Jurisdiction of 
Incorporation

December 31, 
2018

December 31, 
2019

Himax
Technologies, Inc.

Himax Technologies 
Limited (“Himax 
Taiwan”) 

IC design and 
sales 

ROC 

100.00%

100.00%

Himax
Technologies, Inc.

Himax Technologies 
Korea Ltd. 

IC design and 
sales

South Korea

100.00%

100.00%

Himax
Technologies, Inc.

Himax Technologies 
Japan Ltd. 

Sales

Japan

100.00%

100.00%

Himax
Technologies, Inc.

Himax Semiconductor
(Hong Kong) Limited

Himax Technologies
Limited

Himax Technologies 
(Samoa), Inc.

Investments

Hong Kong

100.00%

100.00%

Investments

Samoa

100.00%

100.00%

Himax Technologies 
(Samoa), Inc.

Himax Technologies 
(Suzhou) Co., Ltd.

Sales and 
technical support

PRC

Himax Technologies
(Samoa), Inc.

Himax Technologies 
(Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.

Sales and 
technical support

PRC

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Himax Display, Inc.

LCOS and 
MEMS design, 
manufacturing 
and sales

ROC

82.70%

82.68%

 
 
F-16

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Investor

Subsidiary

Main
activities

Jurisdiction of 
Incorporation

December 31, 
2018

December 31, 
2019

Percentage of Ownership

Himax Display, Inc.

Integrated 
Microdisplays Limited 

Himax Display, Inc.

Himax Display (USA) 
Inc.

LCOS design

Hong Kong

82.70%

82.68%

Delaware, 
USA

LCOS and 
MEMS design, 
sales and 
technical support 

82.70%

82.68%

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Himax Analogic, Inc.

IC design and 
sales

ROC

98.62%

98.62%

Himax Technologies, 
Inc.

Himax Imaging, Inc.

Investments

Cayman 
Islands

100.00%

100.00%

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Himax Imaging, Ltd. 
(“Imaging Taiwan”)

IC design and 
sales

ROC

93.70%

93.70%

Himax Imaging, Ltd.

Himax Imaging Corp.

IC design 

California, 
USA

93.70%

93.70%

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Himax Media 
Solutions, Inc.

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Harvest Investment 
Limited 

ASIC service

ROC

99.22%

99.22%

Investments

ROC

100.00%

100.00%

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Liqxtal Technology 
Inc.

LC Lens design 
and sales

ROC

64.00%

64.00%

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Himax IGI Precision 
Ltd.

Himax Technologies 
Limited

Emza Visual Sense 
Ltd. (1)

3D micro and 
nano structure 
mastering 
and prototype 
replication

Visual sensors 
and efficient 
machine vision 
algorithm

Delaware, 
USA

100.00%

100.00%

Israel

100.00%

100.00%

Note 1: Emza Visual Sense Ltd. was wholly acquired by Himax Technologies Limited and becomes a 

subsidiary of the Company from June 28, 2018.

 
 
F-17

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Principal Activities

The  Company  is  a  fabless  semiconductor  solution  provider  dedicated  to  display  imaging 
processing  technologies. The  Company  is  a  worldwide  market  leader  in  display  driver  ICs  and 
timing  controllers  used  in TVs,  laptops,  monitors,  mobile  phones,  tablets,  digital  cameras,  car 
navigation, virtual reality (VR) devices and many other consumer electronics devices. Additionally, 
the Company designs and provides controllers for touch sensor displays, in-cell Touch and Display 
Driver  Integration  (TDDI)  single-chip  solutions,  LED  driver  ICs,  power  management  ICs,  and 
LCOS  micro-displays  for  augmented  reality  (AR)  devices  and  heads-up  displays  (HUD)  for 
automotive. The Company also offers digital camera solutions, including CMOS image sensors 
and Wafer Level Optics (WLO) for AR devices, 3D sensing and machine vision, ultra-low power 
smart  sensing,  which  are  used  in  a  wide  variety  of  applications  such  as  mobile  phone,  tablet, 
laptop, TV,  PC  camera,  automobile,  security,  medical  devices,  home  appliance  and  Internet  of 
Things. 

(c)  Foreign Currency

The  reporting  currency  of  the  Company  is  the  United  States  dollar  (USD). The  functional 
currency for the Company and its major operating subsidiaries is the USD. Accordingly, the 
assets  and  liabilities  of  subsidiaries  whose  functional  currency  is  other  than  the  USD  are 
included in the consolidation by translating the assets and liabilities into the reporting currency 
(the USD) at the exchange rates applicable at the end of the reporting period. Equity accounts 
are translated at historical rates. The statements of profit or loss and cash flows are translated 
at  the  average  exchange  rates  at  the  date  of  transaction.  Translation  gains  or  losses  are 
accumulated as a separate component of equity in accumulated other comprehensive income. 

(d)  Classification of Current and Noncurrent Assets and Liabilities 

Current assets are assets held for trading purposes and assets expected to be converted to cash, 
sold or consumed within one year from the end of the reporting period. Current liabilities are 
obligations  incurred  for  trading  purposes  and  obligations  expected  to  be  settled  within  one 
year from the end of the reporting period. Assets and liabilities that are not classified as current 
are noncurrent assets and liabilities, respectively. 

(e)  Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash  comprise  cash  balances  and  demand  deposits.  Cash  equivalents  comprise  short-term 
highly  liquid  investments  that  are  readily  convertible  into  known  amounts  of  cash  and  are 
subject to an insignificant risk of changes in their fair value. Deposits with an original maturity 
of three months or less at the time of purchase but not for investments and other purposes and 
are qualified with the aforementioned criteria are classified as cash equivalent. 

(f)  Financial Instruments

The  Company  shall  recognize  a  financial  asset  or  a  financial  liability  in  its  statement  of 
financial  position  when,  and  only  when,  the  Company  becomes  party  to  the  contractual 
provisions  of  the  instrument. A  regular  way  purchase  or  sale  of  financial  assets  shall  be 
recognized and derecognized, as applicable, using trade date accounting.

 
 
F-18

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

1. 

 Financial Assets

(i)  Classification of financial assets

The classification of financial assets depends on the nature and purpose of the financial 
assets and is determined at the time of initial recognition. Financial assets are classified 
into the following categories: measured at amortized cost, measured at fair value through 
other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) and measured at fair value through profit or 
loss (FVTPL). The classification of financial assets is generally based on the business 
model in which a financial asset is managed and its contractual cash flow characteristics.  
When, and only when, the Company changes its business model for managing financial 
assets it shall reclassify all affected financial assets.

i.    Financial assets measured at amortized cost

A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if it meets both of the following 
conditions and is not designated as measured at fair value through profit or loss:

(i)   the asset held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect 

contractual cash flows; and

(ii) the contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely 

payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets measured at amortized cost are subsequently measured at amortized 
cost using the effective interest method. The amortized cost is reduced by impairment 
losses.  Interest  income,  foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  and  impairment  are 
recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognized in profit 
or loss.

ii.  Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income 

(FVTOCI)

On  initial  recognition  of  an  equity  investment  that  is  not  held  for  trading,  the 
Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment’s 
fair value in OCI. This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis.

Equity investments at FVTOCI are subsequently measured at fair value. Dividends 
are recognized as income in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly represents 
a  recovery  of  part  of  the  cost  of  the  investment.  Other  net  gains  and  losses  are 
recognized in OCI. When an investment is derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss 
in equity will not be reclassified to profit or loss, instead, is reclassified to retained 
earnings.

iii.  Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

All financial  assets not classified as measured at amortized cost or at fair value 
through other comprehensive income as described above are measured at fair value 
through profit or loss.  

 
 
F-19

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Such financial assets are initially recognized at fair value, and attributable transaction 
costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, they 
are measured at fair value and changes therein are recognized in profit or loss.

(ii)    Impairment of financial assets

The Company recognizes loss allowances for expected credit loss on financial assets 
measured at amortized cost (including accounts receivable) and contract assets.  

The  loss  allowance  for  accounts  receivable  and  contract  assets  are  measured  at  an 
amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. For financial assets at amortized cost 
and contract assets, when the credit risk on the financial instrument has not increased 
significantly  since  initial  recognition,  a  loss  allowance  is  recognized  at  an  amount 
equal  to  expected  credit  loss  resulting  from  possible  default  events  of  a  financial 
instrument within 12 months after the reporting date. If, on the other hand, there has 
been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, a loss allowance is 
recognized at an amount equal to expected credit loss resulting from all possible default 
events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

When  determining  whether  the  credit  risk  of  a  financial  instrument  has  increased 
significantly  since  initial  recognition,  the  Company  considers  reasonable  and 
supportable information that is relevant. This includes both qualitative and quantitative 
information and analysis, based on the Company’s historical experience and credit 
assessment as well as forward-looking information.

The Company recognizes an impairment gain or loss in profit or loss for all financial 
instruments with a corresponding adjustment to their carrying amount through a loss 
allowance account.

(iii)  Derecognition of financial assets

The Company derecognizes a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the 
cash flows from the financial asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and 
substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset to another 
entity. 

On derecognition of a financial asset at amortized cost in its entirety, the difference 
between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and 
receivable is recognized in profit or loss. However, on derecognition of an investment 
in  an  equity  instrument  at  FVTOCI,  the  cumulative  gain  or  loss  that  had  been 
recognized in other comprehensive income is transferred directly to retained earnings, 
without recycling through profit or loss.

2.  Financial Liabilities

(i)    Classification of financial liability

The Company classify all financial liabilities as measured at amortized cost, except 
for financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss. Such liabilities, 

 
 
 
F-20

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

including derivatives that are liabilities, shall be subsequently measured at fair value.

(ii)   Derecognition of financial liability

The Company removes a financial liability from its statement of financial position 
when, and only when, it is extinguished-when the obligation specified in the contract is 
discharged or cancelled or expires.

On derecognition of a financial liability at amortized cost in its entirety, the difference 
between  the  carrying  amount  of  a  financial  liability  extinguished  or  transferred  to 
another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or 
liabilities assumed, shall be recognized in profit or loss.

(g)  Inventories

Inventories primarily consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods awaiting final 
assembly and test and are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined 
using the weighted-average method. For work-in-process and manufactured inventories, cost 
consists of the cost of raw materials (primarily fabricated wafer and processed tape), direct labor 
and an appropriate proportion of production overheads. Net realizable value for raw materials 
is  based  on  replacement  cost.  Net  realizable  value  for  finished  goods  and  work  in  process 
is calculated based on the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and 
necessary selling costs.

(h)  Equity Method Investments

Equity investments in entities where the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence 
over the operating and financial policy decisions of the investee but does not have a controlling 
financial interest in the investee, are accounted for using the equity method. The Company’s 
share of the net income or net loss of an investee is recognized in earnings from the date the 
significant influence commences until the date that significant influence ceases. The difference 
between  the  cost  of  an  investment  and  the  amount  of  underlying  equity  in  net  assets  of  an 
investee at investment date is allocated to related assets which are amortized over their useful 
lives.  Any unallocated difference is treated as investor-level goodwill and is not amortized.

The  Company  discontinues  the  use  of  the  equity  method  from  the  date  when  the  Company 
ceases to have significant influence over an associate, and then measures the retained interests at 
fair value at that date. The difference between the carrying amount of the investment at the date 
the equity method was discontinued and the fair value of the retained interests along with any 
proceeds from disposing of a part of the interest in the associate is recognized in profit or loss.  
When the Company discontinues the use of the equity method, the Company shall account for 
all amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income in relation to that investment 
on the same basis as would have been required if the investee had directly disposed of the related 
assets or liabilities.

At the end of each reporting period, if there is any indication of impairment, the entire carrying 
amount  of  the  investment  including  goodwill  is  tested  for  impairment  as  a  single  asset,  by 
comparing its recoverable amount with its carrying amount. An impairment loss recognized 
forms part of the carrying amount of the investment in associates. Accordingly, any reversal of 

 
 
 
F-21

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

that impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the recoverable amount of the investment 
subsequently increases.

(i)  Property, Plant and Equipment 

Property, plant and equipment consists primarily of land, building and machinery and equipment 
used  in  the  design  and  development  of  products,  and  is  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated 
depreciation and any accumulated impairment loss. Depreciation on building and machinery 
and equipment commences when the asset is ready for its intended use. Except for the following 
paragraph, depreciation is primarily calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated 
useful lives of related assets which range as follows: building 25 years, building improvements 
4 to 16 years, machinery 4 to 6 years, research and development equipment 2 to 6 years, office 
furniture and equipment 3 to 8 years, others 2 to 10 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized 
on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset.  
Software is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives ranging from 2 to 15 
years.  Land is not depreciated.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then 
they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

During the year 2017, certain new machinery and equipment have been acquired for specific 
project. The depreciation on these new assets is calculated on Fixed-Percentage-on-Declining-
Base Method basis over the estimated useful lives of 3 years. The Company thinks that method 
would most closely reflect the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits 
embodied in those assets.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and 
adjusted if appropriate. 

(j)  Leases (policy applicable from January 1, 2019)

The Company has applied IFRS 16 using the modified retrospective approach and therefore the 
comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under IAS 17 and 
IFRIC 4. The details of the policies under IAS 17 and IFRIC 4 are described separately. 

a.  Identifying a lease

A contract is, or contains, a lease when all the following conditions are satisfied:

(i)    the contract involves the use of an identified asset, and the supplier does not have a 

 substantive right to substitute the asset; and

(ii)    the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of 

 the identified asset throughout the period of use; and

(iii)  the Company has the right to direct the use of the identified asset throughout the period 

 of use.

 
 
F-22

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

b.  As a lessee

Payments for leases of low-value assets and short-term leases are recognized as expenses on a 
straight-line basis during the lease term for which the recognition exemption is applied. Except 
for leases described above, a right-of-use asset and a lease liability shall be recognized for all 
other leases at the lease commencement date.

The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement 
date. The  lease  liability  is  initially  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  lease  payments, 
discounted  using  the  lessee’s  incremental  borrowing  rate. The  Company  determines  its 
incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources.  
The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the 
lease liability, adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, less 
any lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to 
be incurred in restoring the underlying asset.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method over the 
shorter  of  the  useful  life  of  the  right-of-use  asset  or  the  lease  term. The  lease  liability  is 
subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured (i) 
if there is a change in the lease term; (ii) if there is a change in future lease payments arising 
from a change in an index or a rate; (iii) if there is a change in the amounts expected to be 
payable under a residual value guarantee; or (iv) if the Company changes its assessment of 
whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option. When the lease liability is 
remeasured in the circumstances aforementioned, a corresponding adjustment is made to the 
carrying amount of the right-of-use asset.  However, if the carrying amount of the right-of-use 
asset is reduced to zero, any remaining amount of the remeasurement is recognized in profit or 
loss.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following: 

(i)   fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments.

(ii)  the exercise  price  under a purchase option that the Company is reasonably certain to 
exercise and lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Company is reasonably 
certain to exercise an extension option. 

Moreover, the lease liability is remeasured when lease modifications occur that decrease the 
scope of the lease. The Company accounts for the remeasurement of the lease liability by 
decreasing the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset to reflect the partial or full termination 
of the lease and recognizes in profit or loss any gain or loss relating to the partial or full 
termination of the lease.

c.  As a lessor

Lease income from an operating lease is recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis 
over the lease term. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease 
are added to the carrying amount of the asset leased.

 
 
 
 
F-23

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Leases (policy applicable before January 1, 2019)

Leases are classified as finance lease whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the 
risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified operating leases.

As a lessee

Operating lease payments were recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term 
of the lease.  

As a lessor

Rental income from operating leases were recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis 
over the term of the lease.  

(k)  Goodwill

Goodwill is recognized when the purchase price exceeds the fair value of identifiable net assets 
acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment 
losses, if any.

Goodwill from acquisition of Himax Semiconductor, Inc. (formerly Wisepal Technologies, Inc., 
merged into Himax Technologies Limited on July 2, 2018) in 2007 amounting $26,846 thousand 
has been assigned to Driver IC cash generating unit (“CGU”) and goodwill from acquisition of 
Himax Display (USA) Inc. in 2012 amounting $1,292 thousand has been assigned to WLO CGU 
because these CGUs are expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combinations.

Goodwill is not amortized and instead is reviewed for impairment at least annually, or more 
frequently  when  there  is  an  indication  that  the  CGU  may  be  impaired.  For  the  purpose  of 
impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Company’s CGU or groups of CGU that 
are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. If the recoverable amount of a 
cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the difference is allocated first to reduce 
the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to such CGU and then to the other assets of the 
CGU pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the CGU. Any impairment loss for 
goodwill is recognized directly in profit or loss.  An impairment loss recognized for goodwill is 
not reversed in subsequent periods.

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In 
assessing value in use which was calculated based on the cash flow forecast from the financial 
budgets covering the future five-year period with the terminal growth rate. The annual discount 
rate  was  13.59%  and  13.3%  in  its  test  of  Goodwill  impairment  for  Driver  IC  CGU  as  of 
December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively, based on industry weighted average cost of capital.  
The annual discount rate for WLO CGU was 14.34% and 16.07% as of December 31, 2018 
and 2019, respectively. The terminal growth rate, based on following 5 years average Taiwan 
economic growth rate published by International Monetary Fund, was 2.08% and 2.04% used in 
the test for both CGUs as of December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively. The key assumptions 
abovementioned represents the management’s forecast of the future for the related industry by 
considering the history information from internal and external sources. 

 
 
 
F-24

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, the Company did not recognize any 
impairment loss on goodwill. 

(l)  Other Intangible Assets

Acquired  intangible  assets  include  patents,  intellectual  property  and  developed  technology 
acquired in a business combination. These intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line 
basis over the following estimated useful lives: software 2-3 years, patents 15 years, intellectual 
property 10 years and technology 7 years. 

Amortization methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and 
adjusted if appropriate.

(m)  Impairment of Non-Financial Assets

The Company’s long-term non-financial assets, which consist of property, plant and equipment 
and  intangible  assets,  are  reviewed  at  the  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any 
indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is 
estimated.  

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in use 
and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows 
are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market 
assessments of the time  value  of money and the risks specific to the asset. Considering the 
terminal growth rate if non-financial assets with an indefinite useful life are allocated to the CGU 
in comparison with its carrying amount.

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped 
together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are 
largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets (the “cash-generating 
unit, or CGU”).

The annual discount rate was 14.58% and 13.14% in its test of non-financial assets impairment 
with an indefinite useful life for CMOS CGU as of December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively, 
based on industry weighted average cost of capital. The terminal growth rate, based on following 
5 years average Taiwan economic growth rate published by International Monetary Fund, was 
2.08% and 2.04% used in the test as of December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively. The key 
assumptions abovementioned represents the management’s forecast of the future for the related 
industry by considering the history information from internal and external sources.

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its 
estimated recoverable amount.  Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. When an 
impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset or a CGU is increased 
to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but the increased carrying amount does not 
exceed the carrying amount that would have  been determined  had no impairment  loss been 
recognized for the asset or CGU in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized 
immediately in profit or loss.

 
 
 
F-25

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(n)  Revenue Recognition

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted IFRS 15, Revenue with contract customers 
retrospectively with practical expedient and transitional exemption. The Company is not required 
to restate contracts that were begin and end within the same annual reporting period. There is no 
significant impact on the Company’s financial results in applying the practical expedient.

IFRS 15 establishes principles for recognizing revenue that apply to all contracts with customers, 
using a five-step model framework to determine the method, timing and amount of revenue 
recognized. The Company generates revenue primarily from sale of goods or services. Revenue 
from contracts with customers is disaggregated by primarily geographical market and major 
products.

Under IFRS 15, the Company identifies the contract with the customers and recognizes revenue 
when performance obligations are satisfied.

Revenue is measured based on the consideration that the Company expects to be entitled in the 
transfer of goods or services to a customer. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a 
performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. Customers 
obtain control of the product when the goods are delivered and accepted by customers.  Invoices 
are generated at that point in time.

The Company’s revenue recognition from product sales is measured at the amount that is highly 
probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not 
occur. Revenue is reduced for estimated rebates and other similar allowances. 

Trade receivable is recognized when the Company is entitled for unconditional right to receive 
payment upon delivery of goods to customers. The consideration received in advance from the 
customer but without delivery of goods is recognized as a contract liability, for which revenue is 
recognized when the control over the goods is transferred to the customer.

The Company expects that the length of time when the Company transfers the goods or services 
to the customer and when the customer pays for those goods or services will be less than one 
year. Therefore, the amount of consideration is not adjusted for the time value of money.

(o)  Employee Benefits

1.  Short-term employee benefits 

Short-term employee benefits are expensed unless another policy allows or requires it to be 
capitalized. Liabilities recognized in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at 
the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for service rendered 
by employees. 

2.  Share-based payment arrangements

The cost of employee services received in exchange for share-based compensation is measured 
based on the grant-date fair value of the share-based instruments issued. The cost of employee 

 
 
F-26

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

services is equal to the grant-date fair value of shares issued to employees and is recognized 
in earnings with a corresponding increase in equity over the service period by graded vesting.  
Compensation cost also considers the number of awards management believes will eventually 
vest. As a result, compensation cost is reduced by the estimated forfeitures. The estimate 
is adjusted each period to reflect the current estimate of forfeitures, and finally, the actual 
number of awards that vest.

3.  Defined contribution plans

Obligations  for  contributions  to  defined  contribution  pension  plans  are  recognized  as  an 
employee benefit expense in profit or loss in the periods during which services are rendered 
by employees.

4.  Defined benefit plans

The  Company’s  net  obligation  in  respect  of  defined  benefit  pension  plans  is  calculated 
separately for each benefit plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees 
have earned in the current and prior periods, discounting that amount and deducting the fair 
value of any plan assets. For defined benefit retirement benefit plans, the cost of providing 
benefit is recognized based on actuarial calculations. Defined benefit costs (including service 
cost, net interest and remeasurement) under the defined benefit retirement benefit plans are 
determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method. Service cost (including current service 
cost), and net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset) are recognized as employee 
benefits  expense  in  profit  or  loss  in  the  period  they  occur.  Remeasurement,  comprising 
actuarial gains and losses and the return on plan assets (excluding interest), is recognized in 
other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurement recognized 
in other comprehensive income is reflected immediately in retained earnings and will not be 
reclassified to profit or loss. 

(p)  Income Taxes 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred taxes. It is recognized in profit or loss except 
to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognized directly in equity or in 
other comprehensive income. 

1.  Current tax

Current taxes comprise the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or losses 
for the year and any adjustments to tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. It is 
measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted tax rate at the reporting date.

2.  Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable 
to differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities in the financial 
statements and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards.      
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply 
to  taxable  income  in  the  years  in  which  those  temporary  differences  are  expected  to  be 
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is 

 
 
 
F-27

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred tax assets are 
reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that 
the related tax benefit will be realized; such reductions are reversed when the probability of 
future taxable profits improves.  

(q)  Business Combinations 

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. Acquisition-related 
costs are generally recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Goodwill is measured as the excess 
of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the 
acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree over 
the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities 
assumed.  Non-controlling  interests  are  initially  measured  at  the  non-controlling  interests’ 
proportionate share of the fair value of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets. 

Any contingent consideration payable is measured at fair value at the acquisition date. If the 
contingent  consideration  is  classified  as  equity,  then  it  is  not  remeasured  and  settlement  is 
accounted  for  within  equity.  Otherwise,  subsequent  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  contingent 
consideration are recognized in profit or loss.

When  a  business  combination  is  achieved  in  stages,  the  Company’s  previously  held  equity 
interest in the acquiree is remeasured to fair value at the acquisition date, and the resulting gain 
or loss is recognized in profit or loss.

(r)  Earnings Per Ordinary Share

Basic earnings per ordinary share is computed using profit or loss attributable to the shareholders 
and weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings 
per  ordinary  share  is  computed  using  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  and  diluted 
ordinary equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Ordinary equivalent shares are ordinary 
shares that are contingently issuable upon the vesting of unvested restricted share units (RSUs) 
and employee stock options granted to employees.

Basic and diluted earnings per ordinary share have been calculated as follows:

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2018

2019

Profits (loss) attributable to Himax Technologies, Inc. 

stockholders (in thousands)

Denominator for basic earnings per ordinary share:

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding

(in thousands)

$

  27,680

    8,569

  (13,614)

344,849

345,020

345,101 

Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share attributable to Himax 
$

Technologies, Inc. stockholders

      0.08

      0.02

      (0.04)

Basic earnings (loss) per ADS attributable to Himax 

Technologies, Inc. stockholders(2)

$

      0.16

      0.05

      (0.08)

 
 
    
 
  
      
 
 
F-28

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Contingently issuable ordinary shares underlying the unvested RSUs and employee stock options 
granted to employees are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per ordinary share based on 
treasury stock method.

Profits (loss) attributable to Himax Technologies, Inc.

stockholders (in thousands)

Denominator for diluted earnings per ordinary share:

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding

(in thousands)

Unvested RSUs (in thousands)(1)
Employee stock options (in thousands)(1)

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2018

2019

$

27,680

    8,569

  (13,614)

344,849
         54
           -
344,903

345,020
         49
           -
345,069

345,101
           -
           -
345,101

Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share attributable to

Himax Technologies, Inc. stockholders

Diluted earnings (loss) per ADS attributable to Himax

Technologies, Inc. stockholders(2)

$

$

      0.08

      0.02

      (0.04)

      0.16

      0.05

      (0.08)

Note 1: Since the Company had net loss for 2019, the unvested RSUs and employee stock options 

are not being considered with dilutive effect for the year.   

Note 2: As the Company’s ordinary shares have been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market 
under the symbol “HIMX” in the form of ADSs and two ordinary shares represent one ADS 
with effect from August 10, 2009. The number of ADS equivalent outstanding is determined 
by dividing the number of ordinary shares by two. Therefore, the weighted average number 
of ADS equivalent outstanding used in basic earnings per ADS for 2017, 2018 and 2019 is 
172,425 thousand, 172,510 thousand and 172,550 thousand, respectively. Additionally, the 
weighted average number of ADS equivalent outstanding used in diluted earnings per ADS 
for 2017, 2018 and 2019 is 172,452 thousand, 172,534 thousand and 172,550 thousand, 
respectively. The earnings (loss) per ADS is presented solely for the convenience of the 
reader and does not represent a measure under IFRS.

(s)  Segment Reporting

An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from 
which it may earn revenues and incur expenses. All operating segments’ operating results are 
reviewed  regularly  by  the  Company’s  chief  operating  decision  maker  (“CODM”)  to  make 
decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for 
which discrete financial information is available.

The Company’s CODM has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer, who regularly reviews 
operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the 
Company. Management has determined that the Company has two operating segments: Driver IC 
and Non-driver products.

 
 
 
 
 
   
      
F-29

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The CODM assesses the performance of the operating segments based on segment sales and 
segment profit and loss. There are no intersegment sales in the segment revenues reported to 
the CODM. Segment profit and loss is determined on a basis that is consistent with how the 
Company reports operating income (loss) in its consolidated statements of operations. Segment 
profit (loss) excludes income taxes and items in non-operating income (loss).

The  Company  does  not  report  segment  asset  information  to  the  Company’s  CODM. 
Consequently, no asset information by segment is presented.

(t)  Noncontrolling Interests 

Noncontrolling interests are classified in the consolidated statements of profit or loss as part 
of profit (loss) for the period and the accumulated amount of noncontrolling interests as part 
of equity in the consolidated statements of financial position. If a change in ownership of a 
consolidated subsidiary results in loss of control and deconsolidation, any retained ownership 
interests are re-measured with the gain or loss reported in net earnings.

(u)  Use of Judgments and Estimates

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires 
management  to  make  judgments,  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of 
accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual 
results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting 
estimates  are  recognized  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in  any  future 
periods affected.

Information about critical judgments, estimates and assumptions in applying accounting policies 
that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial 
statements is included in the following notes:

1.  Valuation of inventory 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, and the Company uses 
judgment and estimate to determine the net realizable value of inventory at the end of each 
reporting period. 

Due to the rapid technological changes, the Company estimates the net realizable value of 
inventory for obsolescence and unmarketable items at the end of reporting period and then 
writes down the cost of inventories to net realizable value. The net realizable value of the 
inventory is mainly determined based on assumptions of future demand within a specific time 
horizon.  

 
 
 
F-30

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

2.  Impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill

In  the  process  of  evaluating  the  potential  impairment  of  non-financial  assets  other  than
goodwill,  the  Company  is  required  to  make  subjective  judgments  in  determining  the 
independent cash flows, useful lives, expected future revenue and expenses related to the 
specific asset groups. Any changes in these estimates based on changed economic conditions 
or business strategies could result in significant impairment charges or reversal in future 
years. 

3.  Recognition of deferred tax assets

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits 
will  be  available  against  which  those  deferred  tax  assets  can  be  utilized. Assessment  of 
the realization of the deferred tax assets requires the Company’s subjective judgment and 
estimate, including the future revenue growth and profitability, the sources of taxable income, 
the amount of tax credits that can be utilized and feasible tax planning strategies. Changes in 
the economic environment, the industry trends and relevant laws and regulations may result 
in adjustments to the deferred tax assets.

4.  Impairment of goodwill 

The assessment of impairment of goodwill requires the Company to make subjective judgment 
to determine the identified CGU, allocate the goodwill to relevant CGU and estimate the 
recoverable amount of relevant CGU. In the process of estimating the recoverable amount 
of relevant CGU, the Company is required to make subjective judgments in determining the 
discounted rate, the terminal growth rate, the independent cash flows, useful lives, expected 
future revenue and expenses related to the CGU.

Note 5. Acquisition 

(a)  Acquisition of nano 3D mastering related business

On  February  21,  2018,  the  Company,  through  Himax  IGI  Precision  Ltd.,  completed  the 
acquisition of nano 3D mastering related business with total cash consideration approximating 
$1,400 thousand, and half of which, $700 thousand, was paid in 2019.

The advanced nano 3D manufacturing masters are primarily used in imprinting or stamping 
replication  process  to  fabricate  devices  such  as  diffractive  optical  element  (DOE),  diffuser, 
collimator lens and micro lens array. The acquisition brings the Company the very upstream 
master tooling capability to supplement its world leading wafer level optics (WLO) technology, 
which is critical in its efforts to offer 3D sensing total solutions. 

Acquired  assets  were  valued  at  estimates  of  their  current  fair  values.  Property,  plant  and 
equipment, other intangible asset and prepaid maintenance acquired were $700 thousand, $400 
thousand and $300 thousand, respectively.  

 
 
F-31

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(b)  Acquisition of Emza Visual Sense Ltd.

Emza Visual  Sense  Ltd.(“Emza”)  was  purchased  in April  2017  with  an  original  investment 
amount of $2,230 thousand together with an additional investment amount of $270 thousand 
through conversion of equal amount of debts which occurred in 2016. On June 28, 2018, the 
Company completed the acquisition of all the outstanding common shares of Emza with total 
cash consideration approximating $6,371 thousand, including $400 thousand holdback was paid 
in 2019. The Company’s previously held equity interests in Emza was re-measured at fair value, 
which was determined with the assistance of an independent appraiser using the equity value 
allocation method at acquisition date. The re-measurement gain on the previously held equity 
interests in Emza was $1,662 thousand which is included in “other income” in the consolidated 
statements of profit or loss.

Emza  is  an  Israeli  company  dedicated  to  the  development  of  visual  sensors  that  include 
proprietary machine-vision algorithms and specific architectures that enable always-on visual 
sensing capabilities, achieving improvement in power consumption, price and form factor. This 
acquisition would allow the Company to fully leverage the synergy into producing visual sensors 
that integrate camera, hardware and algorithms and operate at unprecedented power, cost and 
size.

The results of Emza’s operations have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements  since  that  date.  The  amounts  of  Emza’s  revenues  and  losses  included  in  the 
consolidated statements of profit or loss from the acquisition date to the period ended December 
31, 2018 were $72 thousand and $2,858 thousand, respectively. If the acquisition had occurred 
on January 1, 2018, management estimates that consolidated revenue would have been $723,605 
thousand (unaudited), and consolidated profit for the year would have been $7,291 thousand 
(unaudited).  In  determining  these  amounts,  management  has  assumed  that  the  fair  value 
adjustments that arose on the date of acquisition would have been the same if the acquisition had 
occurred on January 1, 2018.

The  Company  incurred  acquisition-related  costs  of  $195  thousand  on  legal  fees  and  due 
diligence costs. These costs have been included in “general and administrative expenses” in the 
consolidated statements of profit or loss.

The following table summarizes the amounts of estimated fair value of the assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.

Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

Cash
Current assets, other than cash
Property, plant and equipment
Deferred tax assets
Other intangible assets 
Other current liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities

Total identifiable net assets acquired

Fair value
(in thousands)

$

$

                   170
                   335
                     27
                1,445
                8,545
                (2,706)
                (1,445)
                6,371

 
 
F-32

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Acquired  tangible  assets  were  valued  at  estimates  of  their  current  fair  values. The  valuation  of 
acquired intangible assets consisting of the core and developed technology $6,282 thousand and 
trademark $1,800 thousand were determined based on management’s estimates and consultation with 
an independent appraiser. The multi-period excess earnings method was used in applying the income 
approach to determine the fair value of acquired intangible assets. Significant assumptions inherent 
in the valuation method for acquired intangible assets are employed and included, but are not limited 
to, prospective financial information, terminal value, and discount rates. When performing the multi-
period excess earnings method for acquired intangible assets, the Company incorporates the use of 
projected financial information and a discount rate that are developed using market participant based 
assumptions. The cash-flow projections are based on seven-year financial forecasts developed by 
management that include revenue projections, capital spending trends, and investment in working 
capital to support anticipated revenue growth, which are regularly reviewed by management. The 
selected discount rate considers the risk and nature of the comparative companies and the rates of 
return market participants would require to investing their capital in reporting units.

The acquired intangible assets, the core and developed technology, will be amortized based on a 
weighted-average useful life of approximately 7 years. However, the acquired trademark is intangible 
asset with an indefinite useful life.

Note 6. Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash, demand deposits and checking accounts
Time deposits with less than three months maturity date

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

98,400
8,037
106,437

95,525
5,530
101,055

Refer to Note 22 and Note 23 for the disclosure of credit risk, currency risk and sensitivity analysis 
of the financial assets and liabilities of the Company.

As  of  December  31,  2018  and  2019,  no  cash  and  cash  equivalents  were  pledged  with  banks  as 
collaterals.

Note 7. Financial Assets at Amortized Cost 

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

Time deposit with original maturities more than three months

$

11,229

11,049

The financial assets at amortized cost are in China Yuan (CNY) and US dollar denominated time 
deposits with original maturities of more than three months and the expected holding period as of 
December 31, 2018 and 2019 is due in one year or less.

 
 
F-33

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, no financial assets at amortized cost were pledged with banks as 
collaterals.

Note 8. Financial Assets at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss

Following is a summary of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss as of December 31, 
2018 and 2019:

Equity securities-unlisted company
Non-current

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$
$

9,768
9,768

13,500
13,500

The Company sold one equity security in December 2017 for proceeds of $32,000 thousand, of 
which  $10,000  thousand  received  in  December  2017  and  the  balance  of  $22,000  thousand  was 
received in January 2018.  The Company recognized a gain on sale of securities of $23,038 thousand 
and withholding tax of $2,304 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2017, which is included 
in “Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss” and “Income taxes 
payable”, respectively.  The withholding tax payable was paid in 2018. 

Net gain of $2,032 thousand and $3,732 thousand was recognized under changes in fair value of 
financial assets at fair value through profit or loss in the consolidated statement of profit or loss for 
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively.

As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, no financial assets at fair value through profit or loss were 
pledged with banks as collaterals. 

Note 9.  Financial Assets at Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income

The equity securities are held for long-term strategies and therefore are accounted for as FVTOCI. 
Capital reduction from equity security investments designated as at FVTOCI recognized for the years 
ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, were $132 thousand, $55 thousand and $47 thousand, 
respectively, all related to investments held at the end of the reporting period.

As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, no financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive 
income were pledged with banks as collaterals.

Note 10.  Financial Liability at Amortized Cost

During 2013, Himax Display, Inc., a consolidated subsidiary of the Company, issued redeemable 
convertible preferred shares to a non-controlling shareholder. The noncontrolling shareholder may, 
solely at its option, convert the preferred shares at any time into ordinary shares of Himax Display, 
Inc. on a one to one basis. Additionally, Himax Display, Inc. provided the noncontrolling shareholder 
with a liquidation preference, redemption feature and a warrant to purchase additional preferred 
shares of Himax Display, Inc., within one year from the original investment closing date. The warrant 
expired in October 2014.  

 
 
F-34

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The  redeemable  convertible  preferred  shares  of  Himax  Display,  Inc.  are  presented  as  financial 
liability  at  amortized  cost  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position  and 
subsequently measured using effective interest method. The interest related to financial liability at
amortized cost were $313 thousand and $234 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 
2018, respectively.

As  the  noncontrolling  shareholder  didn’t  exercise  its  redemption  right  before  the  deadline,  the 
financial  liability  at  amortized  cost  was  transferred  to  noncontrolling  interest  in  2019  on  the 
Company’s consolidated statements of financial position.

Note 11.  Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable 
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts
Less: Loss allowance 

  January 1,
2018

December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

December 31,
2019

$

$

      188,774
                 -
                 -
     188,774

     189,569
                -
            (290)
     189,279

     165,133
                -
            (190)
     164,943

As  of  December  31,  2018  and  2019,  the  Company  measures  the  loss  allowance  for  accounts 
receivable using the simplified approach under IFRS 9 with the lifetime expected credit losses. To 
measure the expected credit losses, accounts receivable have been grouped based on the days past 
due, as well as incorporated forward looking information, including relevant industry information.  
Analysis of expected credit losses which was measured based on the aforementioned method, was as 
follows:

December 31, 2018

Carrying
amount of
accounts
receivable
(in thousands)

Weighted 
average loss
rate

Loss
allowance
for lifetime
expected
credit
(in thousands)

$

$

186,654
2,622
3
-
-
-
189,279

0.00%
0.00%
0%-0.01%
0%-6.29%
0%-18.21%
100.00%

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Not past due 
Past due within 30 days 
Past due 31-60 days
Past due 61-90 days
Past due 91-120 days
Past due over 121 days

 
 
 
 
F-35

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

December 31, 2019

Carrying
amount of
accounts
receivable
(in thousands)

Weighted 
average loss
rate

Loss
allowance
for lifetime
expected
credit
(in thousands)

$

$

162,765
1,685
474
-
19
-
164,943

0.00%
0%-0.25%
0%-4.16%
0%-4.17%
0%-20.4%
100.00%

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Not past due 
Past due within 30 days 
Past due 31-60 days
Past due 61-90 days
Past due 91-120 days
Past due over 121 days

In  addition,  the  Company  recognized  a  loss  allowance  amounting  to  $290  thousand  and  $190 
thousand  as  of  December  31,  2018  and  2019,  respectively,  for  accounts  receivable  with  gross 
carrying amount of $290 thousand and $190 thousand, due to there was objective evidence indicating 
that it could not reasonably be expected those receivables would be able to be recovered.

The activity in the loss allowance is as follows:

Loss Allowance

               Period

Year 2017
Year 2018
Year 2019

Note 12.  Inventories

Finished goods 
Work in process 
Raw materials 
Supplies

Balance at
beginning
of year 

Charges to
earnings

Amounts
utilized /
write-offs

Balance at
end of year

$
$
$

1,395
       - 
   290

(in thousands)

 155
290
  67

(1,550)
       -
   (167)

    -
290
190

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$ 

  41,557
  77,159
  43,028
       817
162,561

  41,310
  72,070
  29,729
       665
143,774

 
 
 
                   
 
 
 
F-36

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The amounts of inventories that were charged to cost of revenues were $505,844 thousand, $536,966 
thousand and $508,469 thousand, respectively, and the charges for inventories written down to net 
realizable value amounted to $12,298 thousand, $17,724 thousand and $25,447 thousand, for the 
years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively, which were also included in cost of 
revenues. 

As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, none of the Company’s inventories was pledged as collateral.

Note 13.  Equity Method Investments

Associates consisted of the following:

Name of
Associate

Principal
Activities

Place of 
Incorporation 
and operation

December 31, 2018

December 31, 2019

Carrying 
amount
(in thousands)

Holding 
%

Carrying 
amount
(in thousands)

Holding 
%

Ganzin Technology Corp.

Eye tracking chip and 

Taipei, Taiwan

module

$ 

1,473

49.32

1,156

49.35

Iris Optronics Co., Ltd.

E-paper manufacturing

Tainan, Taiwan

and sales

Kneron Inc.

Artificial intelligence chip 

California, USA

Viewsil Microelectronics 
(Kunshan) Limited

design

IC design and sales

Kunshan, China

44

-

2,547
4,064

1.55

-

49.00

41

-

2,549
3,746

1.25

-

49.00

$ 

In April 2018, the Company assessed its relationships with Kneron Inc. and determined that it is
no  longer  able  to  exercise  significant  influence  over  Kneron  Inc.  Therefore,  the  Company 
reclassified its investment in Kneron Inc. as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.  
The  difference  between  the  fair  value  of  the  investment  and  carrying  amount  accounted  for
under the equity method as at the date of the reclassification was recognized in profit or loss. In total, 
a gain of $2,094 thousand was recognized under changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss in the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.

There is no individually significant associate for the Company. The following table summarized
the amount recognized by the Company at its share of those associates:

The Company’s share of losses of associates
The Company’s share of other comprehensive income

(loss) of associates

The Company’s share of total comprehensive income 

(loss) of associates

$

$

$

For the year ended December 31,

  2017

(1,200)

2018
(in thousands)
(1,095)

2019

(477)

   106

     (68)

  26

(1,094)

(1,163)

(451)

As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, none of the Company’s equity method investments was pledged 
as collateral.

 
 
 
 
 
 
          
 
F-37

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 14. Other Intangible Assets

Cost

Balance at January 1, 2018
Acquisitions through business 

combinations

Additions
Transfer from property, plant and 

equipment

Disposals
Effect of exchange rate changes
Balance at December 31, 2018
Additions
Transfer from property, plant and 

equipment

Disposals
Effect of exchange rate changes
Balance at December 31, 2019

Accumulated Amortization

Balance at January 1, 2018
Amortization for the year
Transfer from property, plant and 

equipment

Disposals
Effect of exchange rate changes
Balance at December 31, 2018
Amortization for the year
Transfer from property, plant and 

equipment

Disposals
Effect of exchange rate changes
Balance at December 31, 2019

Carrying amounts

At December 31, 2018
At December 31, 2019

Technology

Software

Others

Total

(in thousands)

$

  6,889

  6,282
         -

         -
         -
         -
13,171
         -

         -
         -
         -
13,171

  4,756
  1,433

         -
         -
         -
  6,189
  1,492

         -
         -
         -
  7,681

  6,982
  5,490

$

$

$

$
$

4,268

       -
   925

       9
       -
       (8)
5,194
   152

       -
       -
       (4)
5,342

3,548
   469

       7
       -
       (7)
4,017
   602

      -
      -
       (4)
4,615

1,177
   727

   100

2,663
       -

       -
       -
     (13)
2,750
       -

       -
       -
     39
2,789

     54
     78

       -
       -
       (1)
   131
   119

       -
       -
       6
   256

2,619
2,533

11,257

  8,945
     925

  9 
         -
       (21)
21,115
     152

         -          
         -
       35 
21,302

  8,358
  1,980

         7
         -
         (8)
10,337
   2,213

         -
         -
         2
12,552

10,778
  8,750

Others  in  other  intangible  assets  includes  the  acquired  trademark  $1,800  thousand  with  an
indefinite useful life.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F-38

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Other intangible assets were amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as 
follows:

Technology                                                                                                                             7 years
Software                                                                                                                            2-10 years
Others (except for trademark)                                                                                           7-15 years

Note 15. Property, Plant and Equipment

(a) 

Building
and
improvements

Land

Machinery

Research
and 
development 
equipment

Office
furniture
and 
equipment

(in thousands)

Others

Prepayments 
for purchase 
of equipment 
and 
construction 
in progress

Total

$

14,328

24,944

55,070

40,192

11,887

29,157

27,394

202,972

         -
         -
         -
         -

         -
  4,268
  2,759
         -

     700
14,520
     684
     (506)

         -
  6,084
       96
     (415)

       27
  1,352
         -
     (232)

              - 
  3,879
         -
     (570)

         -
 14,045
  (3,548)
         -

       727
  44,148
           (9)
    (1,723)

         -

         -

         -

         -

       (70)

       (86)

         -

       (156)

Cost
Balance at January 1, 2018
Acquisitions through 

business combinations

Additions
Transfers
Disposals
Effect of exchange rate 

changes

Balance at December 31, 

2018

14,328

31,971

70,468

45,957

12,964

32,380

37,891

245,959

Adjustments on initial
Application of IFRS 16
Additions 
Transfers
Disposals
Effect of exchange rate 

changes

Balance at December 31, 

         -
27,500
         -
         -

         -
  6,502
36,884
         -

         -
  3,909
         -
       (51)

         -
  1,069
         -
  (2,388)

         -
     884
     468
     (638)

  5,899
  4,280
         -
   (3,273)

         -
       25
(37,352)
         -

    5,899
  44,169
           -
    (6,350)

         -

         -

         -

         -

       (12)

       (38)

         -

         (50)

2019

$ 

41,828

75,357

74,326

44,638

13,666

39,248

     564

 289,627

Accumulated Depreciation
Balance at January 1, 2018
Depreciation for the year
Transfers
Disposals
Effect of exchange rate 

$

         -
         -
         -
         -

14,724
  1,326
         -
         -

40,163
  7,891
         -
     (506)

29,447
  5,087
         (7)
     (415)

10,317
     710
         -
     (232)

23,746
   3,333
         -
     (569)

         -
         -
         -
         -

118,397
  18,347
           (7)
    (1,722)

changes

         -

         -

         -

         -

       (58)

        (65)

         -

       (123)

Balance at December 31, 

2018

Depreciation for the year
Transfers
Disposals
Effect of exchange rate 

         -
         -
         -
         -

16,050
  4,074
         -
         -

47,548
  6,718
         -
       (51)

34,112
  4,795
         -
  (2,388)

10,737
     904
         -
     (638)

 26,445
   5,695
         -
   (3,265)

         -
         -
         -
         -

    134,892    
  22,186
           -
    (6,342)

changes

         -

         -

         -

         -

       (17)

       (30)

         -

         (47)

Balance at December 31, 

2019

Carrying amounts
At December 31, 2018
At December 31, 2019

$

$
$

         -

20,124

54,215

36,519

10,986

 28,845

         -

150,689

14,328
41,828

       15,921 
55,233

22,920
20,111

11,845
  8,119

  2,227
  2,680

   5,935
 10,403

37,891
     564

111,067
138,938

Others in property, plant and equipment includes mold equipment, leasehold improvements, right-of-
use assets and other equipment.

 
 
    
 
     
 
 
   
 
    
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
F-39

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The Company incurred non-cash capital expenditures of $13,139 thousand, $5,524 thousand and 
$1,999 thousand in the years ended December 2017, 2018 and 2019.

The above items of property, plant and equipment, except certain machinery and equipment for 
specific project depreciated on Fixed-Percentage-on-Declining-Base Method basis mentioned in Note 
4(i), are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows:

                                                                                                                  25 years
Buildings 
Building improvements 
                                                                                                 4-16 years
Machinery                                                                                                                                4-6 years
                                                          2-6 years
Research and development equipment 
Office furniture and equipment 
                                                                        3-8 years
                                                                                                               2-15 years
Others 

For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017,  2018  and  2019,  the  Company  did  not  recognize  any 
impairment loss on property, plant and equipment.  

(b)  Lease Arrangements

(i)     Right-of-use assets

The Company recognized additional $5,899 thousand of right-of-use assets and $5,899 
thousand of lease liabilities as at January 1, 2019. Addition to right-of use assets during 
2019  was  $246  thousand. The  carrying  amount  of  right-of  use  assets  for  offices  and 
buildings lease included in Others in property, plant and equipment was $4,115 thousand 
as of December 31, 2019. Depreciation expense of right-of-use assets amounted to $2,018 
thousand in 2019.

(ii)    Lease liabilities

Current portion (classified under other current liabilities)
Non-current portion (classified under other non-current liabilities)

(iii)  Additional lease information

Expenses relating to short-term leases
Expenses relating to low-value asset leases
Expenses relating to variable lease payments not included in the

measurement of lease liabilities

December 31, 2019
(in thousands)
1,432
2,788
4,220

Year ended 
December 31, 2019
(in thousands)
   313
   143

 1,631

$

$

$
$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
F-40

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The reconciliation of lease liabilities to cash flows arising from financing activities was as follows:

January 1, 2019
Change from financing cash flows:
Payment of lease liabilities

Total Change from financing cash flows
Other Changes:
New lease 
Interest expense
Interest paid
Effect of exchange rate changes
Total liability-related other changes
December 31, 2019

Note 16.  Other Current Liabilities

Accrued payroll and related expenses 
Accrued mask, mold fees and other expenses for RD
Payable for purchases of building and equipment
Accrued software maintenance
Allowance for sales discounts
Accrued insurance, welfare expenses, professional fee

The activity in the sales discounts is as follows:

Allowance for sales discounts

Lease Liabilities
(in thousands)

$

$

5,899

(1,957)
(1,957)

   246 
   112 
   (112)  
     32 
   278 
4,220

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

  10,009
    9,935
    5,611
    1,921
      494
  13,810
  41,780

  9,522
  9,263
  2,298
  2,275
     896
15,854
40,108

               Period

Balance at
beginning
of year 

Charges to 
earnings

Amounts
utilized

(in thousands)

Balance at
end of 
year

Year 2017
Year 2018
Year 2019

$
$
$

1,536
1,203
   494

 8,720
1,855
6,448

(9,053) 
(2,564)
(6,046)

1,203
  494
  896

 
 
     
                   
 
 
 
F-41

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 17. Short-Term Borrowings

Unsecured borrowings
Secured borrowings
Unused credit lines

Interest rate-unsecured borrowings
Interest rate-secured borrowings

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$
$
$

            20,000
           164,000 
          247,295

2.96%
0.35%~0.78%

            57,339
          164,000
          242,476
1.04403%~
2.96453%
0.35%~0.78%

As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, cash and time deposits totaling $164,000 thousand and $164,000 
thousand are pledged as collateral, respectively.

As of December 31, 2019, unused credit lines will expire between January 2020 and November 
2020.  Among the unused credit lines, $24,001 thousand will expire before the end of March 2020, 
and $136,000 thousand belonging to the parent company needs to be secured with equal amount of 
cash and time deposits when borrowing money from banks.

The reconciliation of borrowings to cash flows arising from financing activities was as follows:

January 1, 2018
Change from financing cash flows:
Proceeds from borrowings
Repayment from borrowings

Total Change from financing cash flows
December 31, 2018
Change from financing cash flows:
Proceeds from borrowings
Repayment from borrowings

Total Change from financing cash flows
Other Changes:

Effect of exchange rate changes
Total liability-related other changes

Unsecured 
borrowings

Secured 
borrowings

(in thousands)

$

           -

147,000

  40,000
  (20,000)
  20,000
  20,000

244,224
(207,006)
  37,218

        121
       121

  91,000
  (74,000)
  17,000
164,000

158,000
(158,000)
           -

           -
           -

December 31, 2019

$

  57,339

164,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
  
F-42

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 18. Employee benefits

1.   Defined benefit plans

Pursuant  to  the  ROC  Labor  Standards  Law,  the  Company  has  established  a  defined  benefit 
pension  plan  covering  full-time  employees  in  the  ROC  that  provides  retirement  benefits  to 
retiring employees based on years of service and the average salary for the six-month period 
before the employee’s retirement.

Reconciliations of defined benefit obligation at present value and plan asset at fair value are as 
follows:

Present value of the defined benefit obligations
Fair value of plan assets

Net defined benefit liabilities
Prepaid pension costs

(i)   Plan assets

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

$

3,184
(3,565)
   (381)
   151
   (532)
   (381)

3,142
(3,730)
   (588)
     50
   (638)
   (588)

The  Company  contributes  an  amount  equal  to  2%  of  wages  and  salaries  paid  every
month to the Fund (required by law). The Fund is administered by a pension fund monitoring 
committee (the “Committee”) and is deposited in the Committee’s name in the Bank of 
Taiwan. Under the ROC Labor Standards Law, the minimum return on the plan assets should 
not be lower than the average interest rate on two-year time deposits published by the local 
banks. As of December 31, 2019, the Funds deposited in the Committee’s name in the Bank 
of Taiwan amounted to $3,730 thousand.  

(ii)  Movements in present value of the defined benefit obligations

Balance at beginning of year
Service costs
Interest expense 
Remeasurements loss (gain):
  Actuarial loss (gain) arising from: 

-Changes in demographic assumptions
-Experience adjustment
-Change in financial assumptions

Refund of overfunding
Effect of changes in exchange rates
Balance at end of year

Year ended December 31,

2018

2019

(in thousands)

$

$

4,460
     20
     76

     47
     10
(1,217)
       -
   (212)
3,184

3,184
     26
   121

       2
   (149)
     53
     (18)
     (77)
3,142

 
 
 
        
   
  
  
F-43

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(iii)  Movements in the fair value of plan assets

Balance at beginning of year
Interest income
Remeasurements gain (loss):

- Return on plan assets excluding interest income

Contributions paid by the employer 
Refund of overfunding
Effect of changes in exchange rate
Balance at end of year

(iv)  Expenses recognized in profit or loss

Year ended December 31,

2018

2019

(in thousands)

$

$

3,410
     57

     81
   132
       -
    (115)
3,565

 3,565
   140

   120
     56
     (70)
     (81)
3,730

Current service costs
Interest expense (income)

Cost of revenues
Research and development
General and administrative
Sales and marketing

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

$

$
$

$

15
19
34
  9
17
  5
   3
 34

20
19
39
14
18
  4
  3
  39

26
(19)
  7
  6
  1
  -
  -
  7

(v)   Remeasurement of net defined benefit liability recognized in other comprehensive income

Balance at beginning of year
Recognized during the period 
Balance at end of year

(vi)  Actuarial assumptions

Year ended December 31,

2018

2019

(in thousands)

$

$

1,262
(1,133)
   129

129
(189)
  (60)

The principal actuarial assumptions were as follows:

Discount rate
Rate of increase in compensation levels

December 31,
2018
1.22%-1.24%
3.00%

December 31,
2019
0.87%-0.88%
3.00%

 
 
   
    
F-44

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The  Company  expects  to  make  contribution  of  $57  thousand  to  the  defined  benefit
plans in the next year starting from January 1, 2020.

As  at  December  31,  2019,  the  weighted  average  duration  of  the  defined  benefits
obligation was between 19 years to 20 years.

(vii)  Sensitivity analysis

Reasonably  possible  changes  at  December  31,  2018  and  2019  to  one  of  the  relevant 
actuarial assumptions, holding other assumptions constant, would have affected the defined 
benefit obligation by the amounts shown below.

Discount rate
Rate of increase in compensation levels

2.  Defined contribution plans

December 31, 2018
+0.5%     -0.5%
(in thousands)
(284)        317
   310        (281)

December 31, 2019
+0.5%     -0.5%
(in thousands)
(272)        302
   294        (268)

Beginning July 1, 2005, pursuant to the newly effective ROC Labor Pension Act, the Company 
is required to make a monthly contribution for full-time employees in the ROC that elected to 
participate in the Defined Contribution Plan at a rate no less than 6% of the employee’s monthly 
wages to the employees’ individual pension fund accounts at the ROC Bureau of Labor Insurance.  
Expenses recognized in 2017, 2018 and 2019, based on the contribution called for were $3,367 
thousand, $3,527 thousand and $3,316 thousand, respectively.

The Company established a defined contribution plan in the United States that qualifies under 
Section  401(k)  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code.   This  plan  covers  substantially  all  employees 
who meet the service requirement.  The Company’s contribution to the plan may be made at the 
discretion of the board of directors.  As now, no contributions have been made by the Company to 
the plan.

All PRC employees participate in employee social security plans, including pension and other 
welfare  benefits,  which  are  organized  and  administered  by  governmental  authorities. The 
Company has no other substantial commitments to employees. The premiums and welfare benefit 
contributions that should be borne by the Company are calculated in accordance with relevant 
PRC regulations, and are paid to the labor and social welfare authorities.  Expenses recognized 
based on this plan were $1,523 thousand, $1,655 thousand and $1,489 thousand for the years 
ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively.

Other foreign subsidiaries recognized pension expenses of $178 thousand, $253 thousand and $434 
thousand for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively, for the defined 
contribution plans based on their respective local government regulations.

 
 
 
F-45

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 19.  Share-Based Compensation

The amounts of share-based compensation expenses included in applicable costs of sales and expense 
categories and related tax effects are summarized as follows:

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

$

$
$

   204
5,222
   723
   995
7,144
1,525

     90
3,165
   387
   544
4,186
   894

    9
339
  50
  59
457
  89

Cost of revenues
Research and development 
General and administrative 
Sales and marketing
Total compensation recognized in income
Income tax benefit

(a)  Long-term Incentive Plan

(i)    Restricted share Units (RSUs)

On September 7, 2011, the Company’s shareholders approved a long-term incentive plan. 
The  amended  and  restated  plan  was  amended  and  restated  by  extending  its  duration  to 
September  6,  2022,  which  was  approved  by  the  Company’s  shareholders  at  the  annual 
general meeting held on August 28, 2019. The plan permits the grants of options or RSUs 
to  the  Company’s  employees,  directors  and  service  providers  where  each  unit  of  RSU 
represents two ordinary shares of the Company.

On September 26, 2014, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 1,219,791 
RSUs  to  the  Company’s  employees. The  vesting  schedule  for  the  RSUs  is  as  follows: 
82.57% of the RSUs grant vested immediately on the grant date which was settled by cash 
amounting to $9,337 thousand, a subsequent 5.81% will vest on each of September 30, 
2015, 2016 and 2017 which will be settled by the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to 
certain forfeiture events.

On September 25, 2015, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 597,596 
RSUs  to  the  Company’s  employees. The  vesting  schedule  for  the  RSUs  is  as  follows: 
94.15% of the RSUs grant vested immediately on the grant date which was settled by cash 
amounting to $4,456 thousand, a subsequent 1.95% will vest on each of September 30, 
2016, 2017 and 2018 which will be settled by the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to 
certain forfeiture events.

On September 28, 2016, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 1,208,785 
RSUs  to  the  Company’s  employees. The  vesting  schedule  for  the  RSUs  is  as  follows: 
91.93% of the RSUs grant vested immediately on the grant date which was settled by cash 
amounting to $9,223 thousand, a subsequent 2.69% will vest on each of September 30, 
2017, 2018 and 2019 which will be settled by the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to 
certain forfeiture events.

 
 
F-46

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

On September 29, 2017, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 580,235 
RSUs  to  the  Company’s  employees. The  vesting  schedule  for  the  RSUs  is  as  follows: 
96.91% of the RSUs grant vested immediately on the grant date which was settled by cash 
amounting to $6,147 thousand, a subsequent 1.03% will vest on each of September 30, 
2018, 2019 and 2020 which will be settled by the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to 
certain forfeiture events.

On September 26, 2018, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 676,273 
RSUs  to  the  Company’s  employees. The  vesting  schedule  for  the  RSUs  is  as  follows: 
97.15% of the RSUs grant vested immediately on the grant date which was settled by cash 
amounting to $3,778 thousand, a subsequent 0.95% will vest on each of September 30, 
2019, 2020 and 2021 which will be settled by the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to 
certain forfeiture events.

The amount of compensation expense from the long-term incentive plan was determined 
based on the estimated fair value and the market price of ADS (one ADS represents two 
ordinary shares) underlying the RSUs granted on the date of grant, which were $9.27 per 
ADS, $7.92 per ADS, $8.30 per ADS, $10.93 per ADS and $5.76 per ADS on September 
26, 2014, September 25, 2015, September 28, 2016, September 29, 2017 and September 26, 
2018, respectively.  

RSUs activity under the long-term incentive plan during the periods indicated is as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2017

Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Balance at December 31, 2017

Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Balance at December 31, 2018

Vested
Forfeited

Balance at December 31, 2019

Number of 
Underlying
Shares for RSUs
182,488
580,235
(662,368)
    (7,755)
  92,600
 676,273
(698,427)
  (10,108)
  60,338
  (38,878)
    (2,967)
   18,493

$

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair Value
  8.60
10.93
10.62
  8.77
  8.77
  5.76
  5.92
  8.55
  7.98
  8.29
  7.98
  7.34

As of December 31, 2019, the total compensation cost related to the unvested RSUs not yet 
recognized was $136 thousand. The weighted-average period over which it is expected to be 
recognized is 1.44 years.

In 2017, 2018 and 2019, the Company settled RSUs release with shares buyback of 200,074 
shares, 82,814 shares and 77,756 shares, respectively.

 
 
F-47

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The allocation of compensation expenses and related tax effects from the RSUs granted to 
employees under the long-term incentive plan are summarized as follows:

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

$

$
$

   112
5,097
   686
   980
6,875
1,525

     56
3,104
   373
   538
4,071
   894

    -
  86
  26
  19
131
  30

Cost of revenues
Research and development 
General and administrative 
Sales and marketing
Total compensation recognized in income
Income tax benefit

(ii)   Employee stock options

On  September  23,  2019,  the  Company’s  compensation  committee  approved  a  plan  to 
grant stock options, the 2019 plan, to certain employees. The 2019 plan authorizes grants 
to purchase up to 3,000,000 units ADS, representing 6,000,000 shares of the Company’s 
ordinary share. 2,226,690 units of stock option to purchase 2,226,690 units ADS were grant 
to certain employees at an exercise price of $2.27 on September 30, 2019.   

The 2019 plan has two years contractual life and one year vesting period. Based on the 
vesting  schedule,  50%  of  the  options  vest  half  year  after  the  date  of  grant  and  50%  of 
the options vest one year after the date of grant. The Company recognized compensation 
expenses of $326 thousand in 2019. Such compensation expense was recorded as cost of 
revenues, sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses and research 
and  development  expenses  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  or  loss.  Income  tax 
benefits of $59 thousand are realized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss for 
employee stock options for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The calculated value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-
Scholes option-pricing model that used the weighted average assumptions in the following 
table. The Company uses the simplified method to estimate the expected term of the options 
as it does not have sufficient historical share option exercise experience and the exercise 
data relating to employees of other companies is not easily obtainable. The risk-free rates 
for the expected term of the options are based on the interest rates of 1 years and 1.5 years 
U.S. Treasury yield at the time of grant.

Valuation assumptions:

Expected dividend yield 
Expected volatility 
Expected term (years)
Risk-free interest rate

 2019 plan

                  3.5%
51.96%-57.79%
                 1-1.5
   1.69%-1.75%

 
 
 
F-48

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Stock option activity during the periods indicated is as follows:

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

Weighted 
average 
remaining
contractual
term

2.27
     -
     -
2.27
     -

1.75

  1.5

Number
of Units

2,226,690
 -
 -
2,226,690
              -

$

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Balance at December 31, 2019
Exercisable at December 31, 2019

(b)  Employee stock options 

(i)     On January 1, 2016, board of directors of Himax Imaging, Inc. approved a plan to grant 

stock options, the  2016  plan, to certain employees. The 2016 plan authorizes grants to 
purchase up to 1,760,000 shares of Imaging Taiwan’ issued ordinary shares held by Himax 
Imaging,  Inc. The  exercise  price  was  NT$30  (US$0.9139).  Himax Taiwan  obtained  all 
Imaging Taiwan’ issued ordinary shares previously held by Himax Imaging, Inc. in March, 
2017,  in  a  re-organization  of  entities  under  common  control,  whereby  Himax Taiwan 
assumed the obligation to sell Imaging Taiwan’ ordinary shares once employees exercised 
the options for the 2016 plan.

The 2016 plan has four years contractual life and three years vesting period. Based on the 
vesting schedule, 50% of the options vest one and half years after the date of grant and 
50% of the options vest three years after the date of grant. Because the exercise price of 
the options are higher than the estimated fair value of Imaging Taiwan shares at the date of 
grant, the calculated value of each option award estimated using the Black-Scholes option-
pricing model was nil.

The calculated value of option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-
Scholes option-pricing model that used the weighted average assumptions in the following 
table. Himax Imaging, Inc. uses the simplified method to estimate the expected term of 
the options as it does not have sufficient historical share option exercise experience and 
the exercise data relating to employees of other companies is not easily obtainable. Since 
Imaging Taiwan’ shares are not publicly traded and its shares are rarely traded privately, 
expected volatility is computed based on the average historical volatility of similar entities 
with publicly traded shares. The risk-free rates for the expected term of the option are based 
on the interest rates of 2 years and 5 years ROC central government bond at the time of 
grant.

Valuation assumptions:

Expected dividend yield 
Expected volatility 
Expected term (years)
Risk-free interest rate

 2016 plan

       0%
38.04%
   3.125
  0.50%

 
 
 
 
F-49

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Stock option activity during the periods indicated is as follows:

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

Weighted 
average 
remaining
contractual
term

$

0.9139
         -
         -
     0.9139 
0.9139
         -
         -
0.9139
0.9139
         -
               - 
0.9139
0.9139
         -
         -

3.0

2.0

1.0

  -

Number
of shares

616,000
           -
  - 
  (35,000)
581,000
           -
           -  
  (35,000)
546,000
           -
           -
  (25,000)
(521,000)
           -
           -

Balance at January 1, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Balance at December 31, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Balance at December 31, 2018
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired
Balance at December 31, 2019
Exercisable at December 31, 2019

(ii)   On January 1, 2016, board of directors of Imaging Taiwan approved a plan to grant stock
options, the 2016 plan, to certain employees. This plan authorizes grants to purchase up to 
2,040,000 shares of Imaging Taiwan’ authorized but unissued ordinary shares. The exercise 
price was NT$30 (US$0.9139).

The 2016 plan has four years contractual life and three years vesting period. Based on the 
vesting schedule, 50% of the options vest one and half years after the date of grant and 
50% of the options vest three years after the date of grant. Because the exercise price of 
the options are higher than the estimated fair value of Imaging Taiwan shares at the date of 
grant, the calculated value of each option award estimated using the Black-Scholes option-
pricing model was nil.

The  calculated  value  of  each  option  award  is  estimated  on  the  date  of  grant  using  the 
Black-Scholes option-pricing model that used the weighted average assumptions in the 
following table. Imaging Taiwan uses the simplified method to estimate the expected term 
of the options as it does not have sufficient historical share option exercise experience and 
the exercise data relating to employees of other companies is not easily obtainable. Since 
Imaging Taiwan’ shares are not publicly traded and its shares are rarely traded privately, 
expected volatility is computed based on the average historical volatility of similar entities 
with publicly traded shares. The risk-free rates for the expected term of the options are 
based on the interest rates of 2 years and 5 years ROC central government bond at the time 
of grant.

 
        
     
 
 
HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Valuation assumptions:

Expected dividend yield 
Expected volatility 
Expected term (years)
Risk-free interest rate

Stock option activity during the periods indicated is as follows:

F-50

 2016 plan

       0%
38.04%
   3.125
  0.50%

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

Weighted 
average 
remaining
contractual
term

0.9139
         -
0.9139
     0.9139 
0.9139
         -
         -
     0.9139 
0.9139
         -
         -
     0.9139 
0.9139
     0.9139 
0.9139

3.0

2.0

1.0

   -

Number
of shares

1,797,000
-

$

   (115,000)
    (173,000) 
1,509,000
-
-

    (150,000) 
1,359,000
-
-

   (209,000)
(1,135,000)
     15,000
     15,000

Balance at January 1, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Balance at December 31, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Balance at December 31, 2018
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired
Balance at December 31, 2019
Exercisable at December 31, 2019

(iii)   On October 6, 2015, board of directors of Himax Display, Inc. approved a plan to grant
stock options, the 2015 plan, to certain employees. This plan authorizes grants to purchase 
up to 2,528,000 shares of Himax Display, Inc.’ authorized but unissued ordinary shares. The 
exercise price was NT$65 (US$1.986).

The 2015 plan has four years contractual life and three years vesting period. Based on 
the vesting schedule, 50% of the options vest one and half years after the date of grant 
and 50% of the options vest three years after the date of grant. The Company recognized 
compensation expenses of $269 thousand, $115 thousand and nil in 2017, 2018 and 2019, 
respectively.  Such  compensation  expense  was  recorded  as  cost  of  revenues,  sales  and 
marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses and research and development 
expenses in the consolidated statements of profit or loss. There was no income tax benefit 
realized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss for employee stock options for the 
years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F-51

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The calculated value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-
Scholes option-pricing model that used the weighted average assumptions in the following 
table. Himax Display, Inc. uses the simplified method to estimate the expected term of 
the options as it does not have sufficient historical share option exercise experience and 
the exercise data relating to employees of other companies is not easily obtainable. Since 
Himax Display, Inc.’ shares are not publicly traded and its shares are rarely traded privately, 
expected volatility is computed based on the average historical volatility of similar entities 
with publicly traded shares. The risk-free rate for the expected term of the options is based 
on the interest rates of 2 years and 5 years ROC central government bond at the time of 
grant.

Valuation assumptions:

Expected dividend yield 
Expected volatility 
Expected term (years)
Risk-free interest rate

Stock option activity during the periods indicated is as follows:

 2015 plan

       0%
33.52%
   3.125
  0.65%

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

Weighted 
average 
remaining
contractual
term

1.986
       -
       -
1.986
1.986
       -
       -
1.986
1.986
       -
       -
1.986
1.986
       -
       -

2.75

1.75

0.75

    -

$

Number
of shares

1,993,000
 -
 -
     (50,000)
1,943,000
 -
 -
     (32,000)
1,911,000
 -
 -
     (22,200)
(1,888,800)
 -
 -

Balance at January 1, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Balance at December 31, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Balance at December 31, 2018
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired
Balance at December 31, 2019
Exercisable at December 31, 2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F-52

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 20.  Equity

(a)  Ordinary Shares

The Company’s authorized ordinary shares, with par value of $0.3 per share, were 1,000,000,000 
shares at December 31, 2018 and 2019.

The Company’s issued and fully paid ordinary shares, with par value of $0.3 per share, were 
356,699,482  shares  at  December  31,  2018  and  2019. The  outstanding  ordinary  shares  were 
344,290,306  shares  and  344,368,062  shares  at  December  31,  2018  and  2019,  respectively.  
12,409,176 treasury shares and 12,331,420 treasury shares were held by the Company as of 
December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively.

The Company’s ordinary shares have been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under 
the symbol “HIMX” in the form of ADSs and two ordinary shares represent one ADS with effect 
from August 10, 2009.  

(b)  Additional Paid-in Capital

Balance of additional paid-in capital as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 were as follows:

From ordinary shares
From treasury shares
From share-based compensation
From share of changes in equities of associates

(c)  Earnings distribution

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

   93,341
    5,080
    6,182
       146
104,749

   93,341
    5,025
    6,634
       150
105,150

As a holding company, the major asset of the Company is the 100% ownership interest in Himax 
Taiwan. Dividends received from the Company’s subsidiaries in Taiwan, if any, will be subjected 
to withholding tax under ROC law. The ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to pay dividends, 
repay intercompany loans from the Company or make other distributions to the Company may 
be restricted by the availability of funds, the terms of various credit arrangements entered into 
by the Company’s subsidiaries, as well as statutory and other legal restrictions. The Company’s 
subsidiaries in Taiwan are generally not permitted to distribute dividends or to make any other 
distributions to shareholders for any year in which it did not have either earnings or retained 
earnings (excluding reserve).  In addition, before distributing a dividend to shareholders following 
the end of a fiscal year, a Taiwan company must recover any past losses, pay all outstanding taxes 
and set aside 10% of its annual net income (less prior years’ losses and outstanding taxes) as a legal 
reserve until the accumulated legal reserve equals its paid-in capital, and may set aside a special 
reserve.

The accumulated legal and special reserve provided by Himax Taiwan as of December 31, 2018 
and 2019 amounted to $78,901 thousand and $79,931 thousand, respectively.

 
 
 
        
F-53

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(d)  Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, are as follows:

Foreign 
currency
translation

Unrealized 
gains
(losses) on
securities

Defined 
benefit 
pension 
plans

Accumulated 
other
comprehensive
income

(in thousands)

$

 (279)

(350)

    (925)

(1,554)

Beginning balance, January 1, 2017
Exchange differences arising on 

translation of foreign operations

Changes in fair value of financial 

assets

Remeasurement of defined benefit 

pension plans

Ending balance, December 31, 2017
Exchange differences arising on 

 862

     -

     -
  583

    -

 313

    -
  (37)

translation of foreign operations

 (334)

    -

Changes in fair value of financial 

assets

Remeasurement of defined benefit 

pension plans 

Ending balance, December 31, 2018
Exchange differences arising on 

     -

     -
 249

(869)

    -
(906)

translation of foreign operations

  (545)

    -

Changes in fair value of financial 

assets

Remeasurement of defined benefit 

pension plans 

Ending balance, December 31, 2019

$

     -

     -
 (296)

  (30)

    -
(936)

       -

       -

     (67)
   (992)

       -

       -

1,100
   108

       -

       -

   172
   280

   862

   313

     (67)
   (446)

   (334)

   (869)

1,100
   (549)

    (545)

     (30)

   172
   (952)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F-54

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(e) Noncontrolling interest

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

Balance at the beginning of year 
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests
Loss for the year
Transfer of financial liability to noncontrolling 

interests

Changes in fair value of financial assets
Remeasurement of defined benefit pension plans
Share-based compensation expenses
New shares issued by subsidiary
Exchange differences arising on translation of 

$

   418

(1,735)

(4,261)

(2,142)

(2,543)

(2,570)

       -
       9
    (14)
     52
     (25)

       -
     (26)
     33
     22
    (10)

5,071
       (5)
     17
       5
       -

foreign operations

       -

       (2)

       -

Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling 

interests

Balance at the end of year

     (33)
(1,735)

$

       -
(4,261)

       -
 (1,743)

Note 21.  Income Taxes

The Company is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, a tax-free country; accordingly, pretax income 
generated by the group parent company is not subject to local income tax. Substantially all of the 
Company’s taxable income is derived from the operations in the ROC and, therefore, substantially all 
of the Company’s income tax expense attributable to income from continuing operations is incurred in 
the ROC. Other foreign subsidiary companies calculate income tax in accordance with local tax law 
and regulations.

According to the amendments to the “Income Tax Act” enacted by the office of the President of the 
Republic of China (Taiwan) on February 7, 2018, an increase in the statutory income tax rate from 17% 
to 20% and a decrease in the undistributed earning tax from 10% to 5% are effective from January 1, 
2018. The 5% surtax is only to the extent such income is not distributed or set aside as legal reserve 
before the end of the following year. The surtax is recorded in the period the income is earned, and the 
reduction in the surtax liability is recognized in the period the distribution to shareholders or the setting 
aside of legal reserve is finalized in the following year.  

According to the amendments to the ROC Statute for Industrial Innovation in July 2019, in addition 
to providing 10 year extension for the existing tax credits for qualifying research and development 
expenses, "deduction of actual investment from tax base of undistributed earning tax" and "tax credit 
for smart machinery and 5G system expenditures" were added as new incentive items.  

Eligible investment amount applicable for deduction of tax base of undistributed earning tax is effective 
for undistributed earnings invested in substantive investment within 3 years after fiscal year-end.  Tax 
credit for investment amount eligible for smart machinery limited to 5% of expenditure for the current 
year or 3% of expenditure within 3 consecutive year. Tax credit for smart machinery combined with 
R&D tax credit shall not exceed 50% of current year corporate income tax plus undistributed earnings 
tax payable.

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
F-55

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

In accordance with the ROC Statute for Upgrading Industries, Himax Taiwan’s capital increase 
in June 2009 as well as Himax Semiconductor’s capital increase in October 2009 related to the 
manufacturing of a newly designed TFT-LCD driver were approved by the government authorities 
for income tax exemptions as a result of investing in a newly emerging, important and strategic 
industry. Himax Taiwan’s capital increase in November 2009 related to the electronic parts and 
components  manufacturing  was  also  approved  by  the  government  authorities  for  income  tax 
exemptions. The incremental income derived from selling the above new product is tax-exempt for a 
period of five years. 

The Company is entitled to the following income tax exemptions:

Date of investment

Tax exemption period

Himax Taiwan:
June 5, 2009
November 12, 2009
Himax Semiconductor(1):
October 9, 2009

January 1, 2014-December 31, 2018
January 1, 2014-December 31, 2018

January 1, 2014-December 31, 2018

Note 1:   For management purpose, Himax Semiconductor Inc. was merged into Himax Technologies

Limited on July 2, 2018. As a result, the tax exemption was expired upon merge.

(a)  Income tax expense (benefit) recognized in profit or loss for the years ended December 31,

2017, 2018 and 2019 consists of the following:

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

Current tax expense
Current period
Adjustment for prior periods

Deferred tax expense

Origination and reversal of temporary differences
Investment tax credits and operating loss 

carryforward

Effect of tax rate changes

Total income tax expense

$

$

6,852
   (686)
6,166

5,878
   (172)
5,706

1,461
   (126)
1,335

   (955)

1,012

   247

   (657)
       -
(1,612)
4,554

 (4,525)
      (1,199) 
(4,712)
   994

(1,166)
       -
   (919)
   416

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
F-56

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(b)  Income taxes expense (benefit) recognized directly in other comprehensive income for the years 

ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 consist of the following:

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:
Remeasurements of defined benefit pension plans

$

(15)

169

25

(c)  Reconciliation of the expected income tax expense computed based on the ROC statutory income
tax  rate  of  17%  in  2017  and  20%  in  2018  and  2019,  compared  with  the  actual  income  tax 
expense as reported in the consolidated statements of profit or loss for the years ended December 
31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 are summarized as follows:

Profit (loss) before income taxes
Income tax expense calculated at the 

statutory rate

Tax on undistributed earnings
Tax-exempt income
Tax benefit resulting from setting 
aside legal reserve from prior 
year’s income

Tax benefit resulting from offsetting 
prior year’s undistributed earning 
tax with current year’s loss

Increase in tax credits
Effect of change of unrecognized 

deductible temporary differences, 
tax losses carryforwards and 
investment tax credits

Net of non-taxable income and non-

deductible expense

Capital gain tax
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits 
related to prior year tax positions, 
net of its impact to tax-exempted 
income

Foreign tax rate differential
Variance from audits, amendments 
and examinations of prior years’ 
income tax filings
Effect of tax rate changes
Others
Income tax expense 
Effective tax rate

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018

Rate

Amount
(in thousands)
$
30,092

Rate

Amount
(in thousands)
$
7,020

Rate

2019

Amount
(in thousands)
(15,768)

$

 17.0%
  (3.9%)
  (1.8%)

  5,116
  (1,181)
     (548)

  20.0%
  (10.8%)
  (16.2%)

1,404
   (755)
(1,135)

20.0%
  8.0%
         -

  (3,154)
  (1,261)
         -

  (2.3%)

     (686)

    (0.8%)

     (56)

  0.3%

       (51)

        -
(13.1%)

         -
  (3,926)

           -
  (75.6%)

       -
(5,306)

  2.8%
17.1%

     (443)
  (2,698)

19.3%

  5,815

100.2%

7,034

(40.9%)

  6,455

  0.4%
  7.7%

     115
  2,304

    (2.1%)
    (1.6%)

   (151)
   (116)

  (2.2%)
         -

     343
         -

  (1.0%)
  (9.9%)

     (298)
  (2,988)

    6.3%
  12.1%

   440
   850

  (1.2%)
  (3.5%)

     194
     548

  1.5%
        -
  1.2%

15.1%

     456
         -
     375 
  4,554

$

    (0.8%)
  (17.1%)
    0.6%

     (58)
(1,199)
     42   
   994

$

  14.2%

  (2.3%)
         -
  (0.7%)

  (2.6%)

$

     368
         -
     115   
     416

 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
 
   
F-57

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(d)  As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, the components of deferred tax assets and deferred tax

liabilities were as follows:

Deferred tax assets:

Inventory
Tax credit carryforwards
Operating loss carryforward-statutory tax
Accrued compensated absences
Allowance for sales discounts
Depreciation
Unrealized foreign exchange loss
Others

Deferred tax liabilities:

Acquired intangible assets
Remeasurement of defined benefit plans

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

$

$

  5,996
  3,567
  2,166
     553
     685
     481
         8
     448
13,904

  5,089
  5,645
  1,254
     588
     576
     521
     102
     658
14,433

  (1,645)
     (114)
  (1,759)

  (1,255)
     (139)
  (1,394)

As of December 31, 2019, the Company has not provided for income taxes on undistributed 
earnings of approximately $593,037 thousand of its foreign subsidiaries since the Company
has  specific  plans  to  reinvest  these  earnings  indefinitely. A  deferred  tax  liability  will  be
recognized  when  the  Company  can  no  longer  demonstrate  that  it  plans  to  indefinitely
reinvest  these  undistributed  earnings.  This  amount  becomes  taxable  when  the  ultimate
parent  company,  Himax Technologies,  Inc.,  executes  other  investments,  share  buybacks  or 
shareholder dividends to be funded by cash distribution by its foreign subsidiaries. It is not
practicable  to  estimate  the  amount  of  additional  taxes  that  might  be  payable  on  such
undistributed earnings because of the complexities of the hypothetical calculation.

(e)   Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:

Recognized
in profit or
loss

Recognized 
in other 
comprehensive
income

January 1,
2018

December
31, 2018
(in thousands)

Recognized
in profit or
loss

Recognized 
in other 
comprehensive
income

December 
31, 2019

Inventory
Tax credit carryforwards
Operating loss carryforward
Accrued compensated absences
Allowance for sales discounts
Depreciation
Unrealized foreign exchange loss 

(gain)

Remeasurement of defined benefit 

plans

Acquired intangible assets
Others
Total

$

$

4,581
   618
   590
   446
   575
   367

     (25)

   138
     (86)
   398
7,602

1,415
2,949
1,576
   107
   110
   114

     33

     (83)
(1,559)
     50
4,712

    -
    -
    -
    -
    -
    -

    -

(169)
    -
    -
(169)

  5,996
  3,567
  2,166
     553
     685
     481

         8

     (114)
  (1,645)
     448
12,145

   (907)
2,078
   (912)
     35
   (109)
     40

     94

       -
   390
   210
   919

  -
  -  
  -
  -
  -
  -

  -

(25)
  -
  -
(25)

  5,089
  5,645
  1,254
     588
     576
     521

     102

     (139)
  (1,255)
     658
13,039

 
   
 
 
 
      
 
 
   
 
  
 
       
 
     
 
 
 
      
  
 
F-58

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(f)  Unrecognized Deferred Tax Assets

Gross  amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  have  not  been  recognized  in  respect  of  the  following
items.

Unused tax credits
Unused operating loss carryforwards-statutory tax
Unused operating loss carryforwards-undistributed earnings 

tax
Others

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

    1,934
222,240

198,639
  21,665
444,478

    1,560
224,566

229,177
   27,333
482,636

As of December 31, 2019, the unused investment tax credits with its expiration year from 2020 to 
2034 from US operations were $1,560 thousand.

Tax loss carryforwards is utilized in accordance with the relevant jurisdictional tax laws and 
regulations. Net losses from foreign subsidiaries are approved by tax authorities in respective 
jurisdiction to offset future taxable profits. Under ROC Income Tax Acts, the tax loss carryforward 
in the preceding ten years is available to be deducted from tax income for Taiwan operations. The 
statutory losses would be deducted for undistributed earnings tax and were not subject to expiration 
for Taiwan operations.

As of December 31, 2019, the expiration period for abovementioned unrecognized deferred tax 
assets of unused operating loss carryforwards for statutory tax were as follows: 

Deductible amount

Unrecognized 
deferred tax assets

Expiration year

Taiwan operations

$

Hong Kong operations
US operations
Israel operations

  90,601
108,690
    1,820
  11,789
  11,666

(in thousands)
$

$

  18,120
  21,738
       150
    3,078
    2,683
  45,769

2020~2024
2025~2029
Indefinitely
2024~2039
Indefinitely

(g)  Assessments by the tax authorities

The Company’s major taxing jurisdiction is Taiwan. Except for Himax Taiwan, which has been 
examined and assessed by the ROC tax authorities through 2015, and tax return of 2016 for 
Imaging Taiwan is open to examination, all other Taiwan subsidiaries’ income tax returns have been 
examined and assessed by the ROC tax authorities through 2017. The income tax returns of 2018 
for all Taiwan subsidiaries are open to examination by the ROC tax authorities.  Taiwanese entities 
are customarily examined by the tax authorities and it is possible that a future examination will 
result in a positive or negative adjustment to the Company's unrecognized tax benefits within the 
next 12 months; however, management is unable to estimate a range of the tax benefits or detriment 
as of December 31, 2019.

 
 
 
 
 
        
 
F-59

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 22.  Financial Instruments

(a)  Categories of financial instruments

(i)    Financial assets

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

Financial assets measured at fair value through profit 

or loss

$

    9,768

  13,500

Financial assets measured at fair value through other 

comprehensive income
Measured at amortized cost:

Cash and cash equivalents
Financial assets at amortized cost
Accounts receivable and other receivables 

(including related parties)

Restricted deposit (including current and 

noncurrent)
Refundable deposits
Subtotal

Total

( ii)   Financial liabilities:

Measured at amortized cost:
Unsecured borrowings
Secured borrowings
Financial liability at amortized cost
Accounts payables and other payables (including 

related party)
Lease liabilities
Guarantee deposits
Total

       791

       709

106,437
  11,229

101,055
  11,049

194,021

168,377

164,456
    1,311
477,454
488,013

164,133
    4,372
448,986
463,195

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

  20,000
164,000
    5,071

196,429
           -
       154
385,654

  57,339
164,000
           -

154,175
    4,220
       400
380,134

$

$

$

 
 
 
    
 
 
    
        
   
 
        
   
 
F-60

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(b)  Liquidity risk

The following, except for payables (including related parties) that are repayable within a year, 
are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments of 
unsecured borrowings, secured borrowings and lease liabilities.

(in thousands)
December 31, 2018

Non-derivative financial liabilities
Unsecured borrowings
Secured borrowings
Financial liability at amortized cost
Guarantee deposits

December 31, 2019

Non-derivative financial liabilities
Unsecured borrowings
Secured borrowings
Lease liabilities
Guarantee deposits

Contractual 
cash flows 

Within 6 
months

6-12
months 

1-2
years

2-5
years 

Over 5
years

$

$

$

$

20,003
164,334
    5,071
       154
189,562

   57,625
164,254
    4,450
       400
226,729

20,003
114,329
    5,071
       154
139,557

  57,625
114,248
        971
       400
173,244

         -
50,005
         -
         -
50,005

         -
50,006
     559
         -
50,565

       -
       -
       -
       -
       -

       -
       -
1,614
       -
1,614

       -
       -
       -
       -
       -

       -
       -
1,306
       -
1,306

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

The  Company  does  not  expect  the  cash  flows  included  in  the  maturity  analysis  to  occur 
significantly earlier or at significantly different amounts. 

(c)  Currency risk

i.    Exposure to foreign currency risk

The Company’s significant exposure to foreign currency risk was as follows:

(in thousands)

Financial assets

Monetary items

NTD
CNY
Financial liabilities
Monetary items

NTD

ii.      Sensitivity analysis

December 31, 2018
Exchange
rate

Functional
currency

Foreign
currency

December 31, 2019
Exchange
rate

Functional
currency

Foreign
currency

205,394
  33,590

30.715
6.8681

  6,687
  4,891

148,825
  34,726

  29.98
6.9762

  4,964
  4,978

922,148

30.715

30,023

897,593

  29.98

29,939

The Company’s exposure to foreign currency risk arises from the translation of the foreign 
currency exchange gains and losses on cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other 
receivable, accounts payable and other payable that are denominated in foreign currency.

Depreciation or appreciation of the USD by 10% against the New Taiwan Dollars (NTD) 
and CNY at December 31, 2018 and 2019, while all other variables were remained constant, 
would have increased or (decreased) the net profit before tax of $1,845 thousand and $2,000 
thousand, respectively. 

 
  
   
 
  
  
 
 
F-61

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

iii.    Interest rate risk

The Company’s unsecured borrowings and secured borrowings carried floating interest rates 
and fixed interest rates. The Company’s exposure to changes in interest rates is mainly from 
floating-rate borrowings.  Any change in interest rates will cause the effective interest rates of 
borrowings to change and thus cause the future cash flows to fluctuate over time.

The following sensitivity analysis is determined based on the exposure to interest rate risk.  
For floating-rate debts, the analysis assumes that the balances of outstanding debts at the end 
of the reporting period had been outstanding for the entire year. 

For the Company’s floating-rate debts, assuming all other variables were remained constant, 
an increase or a decrease in the interest rate by 0.25% would have resulted in a decrease or 
an increase in the net profit before tax for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 by 
$243 thousand and $336 thousand, respectively.

(d)  Fair value information

i.    Financial instruments not measured at fair value

The Company considers that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities 
measured at amortized cost approximate their fair values.

ii.   Financial instruments measured at fair value

(1)  Fair value hierarchy

(in thousands)
Financial assets measured at fair value 

through profit or loss
Equity securities-unlisted company
Subtotal

Financial assets measured at fair value 
through other comprehensive 
income
Equity securities-unlisted company

Total

(in thousands)
Financial assets measured at fair value 

through profit or loss
Equity securities-unlisted company
Subtotal

Financial assets measured at fair value 
through other comprehensive 
income
Equity securities-unlisted company

Total

Carrying 
Amount 

 9,768
 9,768

     791
10,559

Carrying 
Amount 

13,500
13,500

     709
14,209

$

$

$

$

December 31, 2018

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2 

Level 3

Total

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

   9,768
   9,768

  9,768
  9,768

       791
  10,559

       791
  10,559

December 31, 2019

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2 

Level 3

Total

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

 13,500
 13,500

13,500
13,500

       709
  14,209

       709
  14,209

 
 
F-62

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(2)  Valuation techniques and assumptions used in fair value measurement

The  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  traded  in  active  markets  is  determined  with 
reference to quoted market prices.

The fair value of financial instruments is based on the valuation techniques. The fair 
value  using  valuation  techniques  refers  to  the  current  fair  value  of  other  financial 
instruments with similar conditions and characteristics, or using a discounted cash flow 
method, or other valuation techniques which include model calculating with observable 
market data at the reporting date.

The  fair  value  of  equity  securities-unlisted  company  is  determined  by  reference  to 
market valuations for similar operating entities quoted in an active market based on the 
net assets value of investees. The significant unobservable input is primarily the liquidity 
discounts,  28%  for  2019. The  estimated  fair  value  would  increase  (decrease)  if  the 
liquidity discount rate were lower (higher). 

(3)  Transfer between levels of the fair value hierarchy

There were no transfers between levels for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019.

(4)  Movement in financial assets included in Level 3 of fair value hierarchy

Financial assets
at fair value
through profit 
or loss
1,600

Financial assets 
at fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income
1,522

Total
  3,122

     (29)

       (29)

       -

6,136

       -
2,032
9,768

       -

   (702)
       -
   791

Financial assets
at fair value
through profit 
or loss
  9,768

Financial assets 
at fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income
791

         -

         -
  3,732
13,500

  (47)

  (35)
    -
709

  6,136

     (702)
  2,032
10,559

Total
10,559

       (47)

       (35)
  3,732
14,209

(in thousands)
January 1, 2018
Disposal-capital reduction of

investment

Reclassified from equity
method investments

Recognized in other

comprehensive income
Recognized in profit or loss
December 31, 2018

(in thousands)
January 1, 2019
Disposal-capital reduction of

investment

Recognized in other

comprehensive income
Recognized in profit or loss
December 31, 2019

$

$

$

$

 
 
F-63

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 23.  Financial Risk Management

(a)  Overviews

The Company is exposed to the following risks due to usage of financial instruments:

(1)  Credit risk
(2)  Liquidity risk
(3)  Market risk

Hereinafter discloses information about the Company’s exposure to variable risks, and the goals, 
policies and procedures of the Company’s risk measurement and risk management.

(b)  Risk management framework

Management of related divisions are appointed to review, control, trace and monitor the strategic 
risks,  financial  risks  and  operational  risks  faced  by  the  Company.  Management  reports  to 
executive officers the progress of risk controls from time to time and, if necessary, report to the 
board of directors, depending on the extent of impact of risks.

(c)  Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial 
instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. The Company’s exposures to credit risk 
are primarily from cash and cash equivalents, financial assets at amortized cost and accounts 
receivable.

The Company deposits its cash and cash equivalents with various reputable financial institutions.  
Financial assets at amortized cost are time deposits with original maturities of greater than three 
months. The Company has not experienced any material losses on deposits of the Company’s 
cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  financial  assets  at  amortized  cost.  Management  performs 
periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions and limits the 
amount of credit exposure with any one institution. Management believes that there is a limited 
concentration of credit risk in cash and cash equivalent and financial assets at amortized cost.

The Company derived substantially all of its revenues from sales of display drivers that are 
incorporated  into TFT-LCD  panels. The TFT-LCD  panel  industry  is  intensely  competitive 
and is vulnerable to cyclical market conditions and subject to price fluctuations. Management 
continuously evaluates and controls the credit quality, credit limit and financial strength of its 
customers to ensure any overdue receivables are taken necessary procedures.

The Company depends on two customers for majority of its revenues. The Company’s sales to 
these two customers as a percentage of revenues are as follows: 

Customer A and its affiliates
Customer B and its affiliates  

25.8%
15.5%

 28.1%
 12.6%

29.5%
  8.9%

Year ended December 31,
2018

2017

2019

 
 
 
 
 
F-64

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The percentage of the Company’s accounts receivable accounted by customers, those representing 
more than 10% of total accounts receivable balance, is summarized as follows:

Customer A and its affiliates
Customer B and its affiliates  

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

33.5%
12.9%

37.7%
  7.9%

Refer  to  Note  11  for  aging  analysis  of  accounts  receivable  and  the  movement  in  the  loss 
allowance.

In addition, the Company has at times agreed to extend the payment terms for certain of its 
customers. Other customers have also requested extension of payment terms, and the Company 
may grant such requests for extension in the future. As a result, a default by any such customer, a 
prolonged delay in the payment of accounts receivable, or the extension of payment terms for the 
Company’s customers could adversely affect the Company’s cash flow, liquidity and operating 
results. Management performs ongoing credit evaluations of each customer and adjusts credit 
policy based upon payment history and the customer’s credit worthiness, as determined by the 
review of their current credit information.

(d)  Liquidity risk

The objective of liquidity risk management is to ensure the Company has sufficient liquidity to 
fund its business requirements associated with existing operations over the next 12 months. The 
Company manages its liquidity risk by maintaining adequate working capital and unused credit 
facilities.

At December 31, 2019, the Company’s working capital together with existing unused credit 
facilities under its existing loan agreements will be sufficient to fulfill all of its contractual 
obligations. Therefore,  management  believes  that  there  is  no  liquidity  risk  resulting  from 
incapable of financing to fulfill the contractual obligations.

(e)  Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates and interest 
rates, will affect the Company’s income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The 
objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within 
acceptable parameters, while optimizing the return.

(1)  Currency risk

The Company is exposed to currency risk on operating activities that are denominated in 
a currency other than the respective functional currency of the Company, the USD. The 
currencies used in these transactions are the NTD and CNY.

 
 
 
F-65

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(2)  Interest rate risk

The Company is exposed to interest rate risk primarily related to its outstanding borrowings.  
The Company’s borrowings carried floating interest rates. To manage the interest rate risk, 
the  Company  periodically  assesses  the  interest  rates  of  bank  loans  and  maintains  good 
relationships with financial institutions to obtain lower financing costs. The Company also 
strengthens the management of working capital to reduce the dependence on bank loans as 
well as the risk arising from fluctuation of interest rates.

Note 24.  Capital management

Through clear understanding and managing of significant changes in external environment, related 
industry  characteristics,  and  corporate  growth  plan,  the  Company  manages  its  capital  structure 
in  a  manner  to  ensure  it  has  sufficient  financial  resources  to  fund  its  working  capital  needs, 
capital expenditures, research and development activities, dividend payments and other business 
requirements associated with its existing operations over the next 12 months.

There were no changes in the Company’s approach to capital management during the year ended 
December 31, 2019. Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries are subject to externally imposed 
capital managements.  

Total liabilities
Less: cash and cash equivalents

Equity attributable to owners of Himax Technologies, Inc.

Note 25.  Related-party Transactions

(a)  Name and relationship

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$
$

394,391
106,437
287,954
446,548

387,237
101,055
286,182
432,987

Name of related parties

Relationship

Viewsil Microelectronics (Kunshan) 

Equity method investee of the Company

Limited (Viewsil) 

Viewsil Technology Limited (VST)

The subsidiary of Viewsil

(b)  Significant transactions with related parties

(i)    Purchases and accounts payable

Purchases of raw materials and components from VST were $522 thousand for the year 
ended December 31, 2017 and the related payable had been paid before December 31, 
2017.  

The purchase prices and payment terms to related party were incomparable to that from 
third parties due to no similar transaction.  

 
 
 
F-66

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

(ii)   The Company made an interest-free loan of $2,780 thousand and $1,200 thousand as of 
December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively, to VST for its short-term funding needs. The 
loan is repayable on demand and the Company expects it will be repaid in full during 2020.  
The Company may consider providing further future loans to VST.

(iii)  In 2017, 2018 and 2019, Viewsil provided technical service on new source driver chip and 
integrated  circuit  module  for  the  Company’s  research  activities  for  a  fee  of  $2,200 
thousand,  $2,200  thousand  and  $1,800  thousand,  respectively,  which  was  charged  to 
research  and  development  expense. As  of  December  31,  2018  and  2019,  the  related 
payables resulting from the aforementioned transactions were $2,200 thousand and $2,220 
thousand, respectively.

(iv)  In 2018, the Company purchased mask from VST for the Company’s research activities for 
a fee of $1,597 thousand. As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, the related payables resulting 
from the aforementioned transactions were $1,597 thousand and nil, respectively.

(c)  Compensation of key management personnel

For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019, the aggregate cash compensation that the 
Company paid to the independent directors was both $135 thousand. The aggregate share-based 
compensation that the Company paid to the independent directors was nil.

The compensation to key management personnel for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 
and 2019 were as follows:

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

Short-term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits
Share-based compensation 

$

$

   829
        7
   226
1,062

855
    7
  41
903

822
    7
  14
843

Note 26.  Pledged assets

Pledged assets(1)

Pledged to secure

Restricted cash and time deposit 
Restricted time deposits 
Restricted time deposits 

Secured borrowings
For government grants 
For customs duties

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

164,000
       326
       130
164,456

164,000
           -
       133
164,133

(1):  The pledged assets are booked as restricted deposits and classified as current or noncurrent 
        by its liquidity.

 
 
 
 
 
F-67

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 27.  Commitments and Contingencies

(a)  As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, the Company had entered into several contracts for the 
acquisition of land, equipment and computer software. Total contract prices amounted to $75,824 
thousand and $3,402 thousand, respectively.  As of December 31, 2018 and 2019, the remaining 
commitments were $38,579 thousand and $2,380 thousand, respectively.

(b)  As of December 31, 2019, amount of outstanding letters of credit for the purchase of machinery 

and equipment was $488 thousand.  

(c)   The Company from time to time is subject to claims regarding the proprietary use of certain 
technologies. Currently, management is not aware of any such claims that it believes could have 
a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. 

(d)  Since Himax Taiwan is not a listed company, it will depend on Himax Technologies, Inc. to meet 
its equity financing requirements in the future. Any capital contribution by Himax Technologies, 
Inc. to Himax Taiwan may require the approval of the relevant ROC authorities. The Company 
may not be able to obtain any such approval in the future in a timely manner, or at all. If Himax 
Taiwan is unable to receive the equity financing it requires, its ability to grow and fund its 
operations may be materially and adversely affected.

(e)  The  Company  has  entered  into  several  wafer  fabrication  or  assembly  and  testing  service 
arrangements with service providers. The Company may be obligated to make payments for 
purchase orders entered into pursuant to these arrangements. Contractual obligations resulting 
from  above  arrangements  approximate  $172,986  thousand  and  $129,420  thousand  as  of 
December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively. 

(f)  The Company is involved in various claims arising in the ordinary course of business. In the
opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse 
effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. As of 
December 31, 2019, management is not aware of any pending litigation against the Company.

Note 28.  Segment, Product and Geographic Information 

The  Company  has  two  operating  segments:  Driver  IC  and  Non-driver  Products. The  Driver  IC 
segment generally is engaged in the design, research, development and sale of displays driver for 
large-sized TFT-LCD  panels,  which  are  used  in  televisions  and  desktop  monitors,  and  displays 
driver  for  small-  and  medium-sized TFT-LCD  panels,  which  are  used  in  mobile  handsets  and 
consumer electronics products. The Non-driver segment primarily is engaged in the design, research, 
manufacturing and sale of non-driver products, such as timing controllers, 3D Sensing Solution, 
LCOS, CMOS Image Sensors and WLO.

 
 
F-68

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Segment revenues
Segment operating income (loss) 
Non operating income, net
Consolidated profits before income taxes
Significant noncash items:

Share Based Compensation
Depreciation and amortization

Segment revenues
Segment operating income (loss) 
Non operating income, net
Consolidated profits before income taxes
Significant noncash items:

Share Based Compensation
Depreciation and amortization

Segment revenues
Segment operating income (loss) 
Non operating income, net
Consolidated loss before income taxes
Significant noncash items:

Share Based Compensation
Depreciation and amortization

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

Year Ended December 31, 2017
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

529,847
  43,021

155,320
  (34,662)

       365
    4,940

       632
  11,740

$

685,167
    8,359
  21,733
  30,092

       997
  16,680

Year Ended December 31, 2018
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

586,258
  56,023

137,347
  (52,638)

       189
    3,248

       219
  17,079

$

723,605
    3,385
    3,635
    7,020

       408
  20,327

Year Ended December 31, 2019
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

544,727
  29,070

127,108
  (47,377)

       221
    5,511

       236
  18,888

$

671,835
 (18,307)
  2,539
(15,768)

       457
  24,399

 
 
F-69

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The following tables summarize information pertaining to the segment revenues from customers in 
different geographic region (based on customer’s headquarter location):

China
Taiwan
Other Asia Pacific (Philippines, Korea and Japan)
Europe and America

China
Taiwan
Other Asia Pacific (Philippines, Korea and Japan)
Europe and America

China
Taiwan
Other Asia Pacific (Philippines, Korea and Japan)
Europe and America

$

$

$

$

$

$

For the year ended December 31, 2017
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

353,505
146,302
  30,040 
           -
529,847

  67,703
  30,649
  37,739 
  19,229
155,320

421,208
176,951
  67,779
  19,229
685,167

For the year ended December 31, 2018
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

419,249
136,526
  30,483 
           -
586,258

  61,143
  31,596
  41,811 
   2,797
137,347

480,392
168,122
  72,294
    2,797
723,605

For the year ended December 31, 2019
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

421,729
  90,971
  31,861 
       166
544,727

  50,643
  38,286
  36,918 
    1,261
127,108

472,372
129,257
  68,779
    1,427
671,835

  
  
  
 
 
F-70

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The following tables summarize information pertaining to the segment revenues from major product 
lines:

For the year ended December 31, 2017
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

Display drivers for large-size applications 
Display drivers for mobile handsets applications
Display drivers for consumer electronics 

$

applications
Non-driver products 

$

224,798
113,591

191,458
           -
529,847

           -
           -

           -
155,320
155,320

224,798
113,591

191,458
155,320
685,167

For the year ended December 31, 2018
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

Display drivers for large-size applications 
Display drivers for mobile handsets applications
Display drivers for consumer electronics 

$

applications
Non-driver products 

$

260,540
112,221

213,497
           -
586,258

           -
           -

           -
137,347
137,347

260,540
112,221

213,497
137,347
723,605

For the year ended December 31, 2019
Non-driver
products
(in thousands)

Consolidated
Total

Driver IC

Display drivers for large-size applications 
Display drivers for mobile handsets applications
Display drivers for consumer electronics 

$

applications
Non-driver products 

$

237,276
114,956

192,495
           -
544,727

           -
           -

           -
127,108
127,108

237,276
114,956

192,495
127,108
671,835

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
F-71

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

The carrying values of the Company’s property, plant and equipment are located in the following 
countries:

Taiwan
U.S.
China
Korea
Israel
Japan

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

109,732
       668
       540
         83
         28
         16
111,067

136,986
       730
       803
         95
       265
         59
138,938

Revenues  from  significant  customers,  those  representing  10%  or  more  of  total  revenue  for  the 
respective periods, are summarized as follows:

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

Driver IC segment:

Customer A and its affiliates
Customer B and its affiliates 

Non-driver products segment:

Customer A and its affiliates
Customer B and its affiliates

$

$

$

$

147,961
102,493
250,454

28,767
  3,887
32,654

178,907
  87,927
266,834

24,088
  2,917
27,005

182,442
  56,260
238,702

15,988
  3,521
19,509

Accounts receivable from significant customers, those representing 10% or more of total accounts 
receivable for the respective dates, is summarized as follows: 

Customer A and its affiliates
Customer B and its affiliates

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

63,501
24,462
87,963

62,136
13,086
75,222

 
 
    
 
 
 
 
F-72

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 29.  The Nature of Expenses

(a)  Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Recognized in cost of revenues
Recognized in operating expenses

(b)  Amortization of intangible assets

Recognized in cost of revenues
Recognized in operating expenses

(c)  Employee benefits expense

Salary
Labor and health insurance
Pension
Others

Employee benefits expense summarized by 

function

Recognized in cost of revenues
Recognized in operating expenses

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

  5,965
  9,307
15,272

  8,600
  9,747
18,347

  8,146
14,040
22,186

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

        2
1,406
1,408

       3
1,977
1,980

     58
2,155
2,213

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

   89,911
     5,841
     5,102
    3,486
104,340

     5,223
  99,117
104,340

  91,822
    6,054
    5,474
    3,576
106,926

    6,512
100,414
106,926

80,617
  5,668
  5,246
  3,586
95,117

  5,597
89,520
95,117

 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
  
F-73

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 30.  Himax Technologies, Inc. (the Parent Company only)

As a holding company, dividends received from Himax Technologies, Inc.’s subsidiaries in Taiwan, 
if any, will be subjected to withholding tax under ROC law as well as statutory and other legal 
restrictions. 

The condensed separate financial information of Himax Technologies, Inc. is presented as follows:

Condensed Statements of Financial Position

Cash 
Financial asset at amortized cost
Other receivable from related party
Other current assets
Financial asset at fair value through profit or loss
Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates
Total assets

Current liabilities
Secured borrowings
Debt borrowing from a subsidiary
Total equity
Total liabilities and equity

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2019

(in thousands)

$

$

$

$

       813
    4,819
    2,780
       502
    8,230
755,680
772,824

        227
164,000
162,049
446,548
772,824

    1,002
    4,920
           -
       169
  11,985
743,331
761,407

       169
164,000
164,251
432,987
761,407

Himax Technologies, Inc. had no guarantees as of December 31, 2018 and 2019.

Condensed Statements of Profit or Loss

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

Revenues
Costs and expenses
Operating loss

Interest income
Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value 

through profit or loss

Foreign currency exchange losses, net
Finance costs
Share of profits (loss) of subsidiaries and affiliates

Profit (loss) before income taxes 

Income tax expense

Profit (loss) for the year 

$

$

         -
     236
     (236)
     170

         -
         -
  (2,322)
30,068
27,680
         -
27,680

         -
     273
     (273)
     200

  2,094
     (257)
  (3,491)
10,296
  8,569
         -
  8,569

         -
  1,206
  (1,206)
     162

  3,755
       (69)
  (4,165)
(12,091)
(13,614)
         -
(13,614)

 
 
 
 
 
    
  
F-74

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Condensed Statements of Other Comprehensive Income

$

Profit (loss) for the year
Other comprehensive income:
Items that will not be 
reclassified to profit or loss:

Remeasurements of defined 
benefit pension plans
Unrealized loss on financial 

assets at fair value through 
other comprehensive 
income

Income tax related to items 

that will not be reclassified 
subsequently

Items that may be reclassified 
subsequently to profit or 
loss:
Unrealized gains on financial 
assets at fair value through 
profit or loss 

Foreign operations - foreign 
currency translation 
differences

2017

Year Ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

27,680

8,569

(13,614)

       (67)

   424

     142

  (82)

1,269

197

    -

  15

313

862

   (676)    

  (30)

   (169)

  (25)    

  1,175    

   (334)    

     (545)    

       -

    -

   (334)

(545)

Other comprehensive income for 

the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive income for 

  1,108        

the year

$

28,788

     90

8,659

      (403)       

(14,017)

 
 
     
       
 
        
      
       
 
      
 
     
F-75

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

Cash flows from operating activities:

Profit (loss) for the year
Adjustments for:

$

  27,680

    8,569

  (13,614)

2017

Year ended December 31,
2018
(in thousands)

2019

Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair 
value through profit or loss
Interest income
Finance costs
Share of profits (loss) of subsidiaries and 
affiliates
Unrealized foreign currency exchange losses

Changes in:

Other current assets
Other current liabilities
Cash generated from operating activities
Interest received 
Interest paid
Net cash used in operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Acquisitions of financial asset at amortized cost
Acquisitions of equity method investment 
Proceeds from disposal of equity method 
investment
Proceeds from capital reduction of investment
Cash received from (paid for) loan made to 

related party
Net cash provided by (used in) investing 
activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Payments of cash dividends
Proceeds from secured borrowings
Repayment of secured borrowings
Proceeds from issue of RSUs from subsidiaries
Proceeds from debt from a subsidiary
Repayment of debt from a subsidiary

Net cash provided by (used in) financing 
activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash 
Cash at beginning of year
Cash at end of year

           -
       (170)
    2,322

  (30,068)
           -
       (236)

       439
    (1,746)
     (1,543)
       131
       (547)
    (1,959)

    (2,094)
       (200)
    3,491

  (10,296)
       257
        (273)

           (2)
    (2,734)
    (3,009)
       199
       (766)
    (3,576)

    (3,755)
       (162)
    4,165

  12,091
         69
    (1,206)

       320
         (58)
       (944)
       174
       (844)
    (1,614)

       (158)
    (6,850)

       (195)
           -

       (170)
           -

    4,825
    8,000

           -
           -

           -
           -

    4,400

         (29)

    2,780

  10,217

       (224)

    2,610

  (41,281)
151,000
(123,000)
       872
166,025
(161,271)

    (7,655)
       603
       759
    1,362

$

  (17,210)
  91,000
  (74,000)
       336
154,281
(151,156)

    3,251
       (549)
    1,362
       813

           -
158,000
(158,000)
       311
150,430
(151,548)

       (807)
       189
        813
    1,002

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
F-76

HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019

Note 31.   Subsequent Event

Historically, due to the Lunar New Year holidays, the first quarter has seasonally been the slowest 
period  of  the  year  in  terms  of  sales,  often  down  by  more  than  10%  sequentially. At  this  time, 
however, based on Himax’s current pipeline, the Company is experiencing decent sales in the first 
quarter, brushing aside the seasonal factor. However, the coronavirus outbreak currently taking place 
in China and all over the world does represent a major uncertainty to Himax’s operations, especially 
for the short term. The Company is working extremely close with both the customers and suppliers in 
its joint efforts to mitigate the risks. The first quarter guidance provided during the Company’s fourth 
quarter earnings call on February 13, 2020 already included the anticipated impact to the business 
from the coronavirus  outbreak which reflects some downward adjustments mainly from certain 
China-based customers for small-sized display drivers and CMOS image sensors. With vast majority 
of  operations  located  outside  of  China,  the  Company’s  suppliers  are  largely  unaffected  by  the 
coronavirus outbreak. The focus there is primarily the logistics management including the customs 
operations in various ports in China. 

The situation is still evolving. Notwithstanding the uncertainty arisen from the coronavirus, the 
Company  is  confident  that  it  will  see  decent  growth  across  the  board  for  all  its  major  product 
categories in 2020.