Quarterlytics / Technology / Computer Hardware / Identiv, Inc. / FY2015 Annual Report

Identiv, Inc.
Annual Report 2015

INVE · NASDAQ Technology
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Ticker INVE
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Industry Computer Hardware
Employees 166
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FY2015 Annual Report · Identiv, Inc.
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UNITED STATES  
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
Washington, D.C. 20549  

Form 10-K  
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 

1934  

  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE 

ACT OF 1934  

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 
OR  

For the transition period from                     to 

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 0-29440  

IDENTIV, INC.  
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)  

DELAWARE 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
Incorporation or organization) 

2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 310, Fremont, California 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) 

77-0444317 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification Number) 

94538 
(Zip Code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  
(949) 250-8888  
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  
None  
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  
Common Stock, $0.001 par value, and associated Preferred Share Purchase Rights  
(Title of Class)  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes      No    
Indicated by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes      No    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 

Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject 
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data 

File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for 
such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes      No    

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be 

contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting 

company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check 
one):  

Large accelerated filer   

   Accelerated filer   

Non-accelerated filer   
(do not check if smaller reporting company) 

Smaller Reporting Company    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes      No     
Based on the closing sale price of the Registrant’s Common Stock on the NASDAQ National Market System on June 30, 2015, the last 
business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of Common Stock held by non-affiliates 
of the Registrant was $57,815,133.  

At March 6, 2016, the registrant had outstanding 10,746,911 shares of Common Stock, excluding 617,874 shares held in treasury.  

Designated portions of the Company’s Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the Registrant’s fiscal year end of December 31, 2015 

are incorporated by reference into Part II, Item 5 and Part III of this Report.  

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE  

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
 
  
  
 
Identiv, Inc.  
Form 10-K  
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015  

TABLE OF CONTENTS  

PART I 

Page 

   Business ..........................................................................................................................................................................................  

Item 1 
4 
Item 1A    Risk Factors ....................................................................................................................................................................................   10 
Item 1B    Unresolved Staff Comments ...........................................................................................................................................................   20 
   Properties ........................................................................................................................................................................................   21 
Item 2 
   Legal Proceedings ...........................................................................................................................................................................   21 
Item 3 
   Mine Safety Disclosures .................................................................................................................................................................   21 
Item 4 

PART II 

   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities ......................   22 
Item 5 
   Selected Financial Data ..................................................................................................................................................................   23 
Item 6 
Item 7 
   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ..........................................................   25 
Item 7A    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk ........................................................................................................   42 
   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data ...............................................................................................................................   44 
Item 8 
   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure..........................................................   77 
Item 9 
Item 9A    Controls and Procedures .................................................................................................................................................................   78 
Item 9B    Other Information ...........................................................................................................................................................................   79 
PART III 
Item 10    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ..............................................................................................................   80 
Item 11    Executive Compensation ................................................................................................................................................................   80 
Item 12    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters ........................................   80 
Item 13    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ................................................................................   80 
Item 14    Principal Accountant Fees and Services .........................................................................................................................................   80 
PART IV 
Item 15    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedule ....................................................................................................................................   81 
Signatures .......................................................................................................................................................................................................   85 

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Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements  

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”), including the documents incorporated by reference in this Annual 
Report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. For example, 
statements, other than statements of historical facts regarding our strategy, future operations and growth, financial position, projected 
results, estimated revenues or losses, projected costs, prospects, plans, market trends, competition and objectives of management 
constitute forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “will,” “believe,” 
“could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project” or the negative of these terms or 
other similar expressions. Although we believe that our expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements that 
we make in this Annual Report are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, performance or achievements. You should not 
place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual 
Report. While we may elect to update forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation 
to do so, even if our expectations change, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. We also caution you that 
such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, not all of which are known to us or within our 
control, and that actual events or results may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements. We disclose 
some of the factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations in the “Customers,” “Research and 
Development,” “Competition,” “Proprietary Information and Technology,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections and elsewhere in this Annual Report. These cautionary statements 
qualify all of the forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report that are attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.  

Identiv and the Identiv logo are trademarks of Identiv, Inc., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Certain product and 

service brands are also trademarks or registered trademarks of the Company, including HIRSCH, idOnDemand, Scramblepad, 
TouchSecure, and Velocity. Other product and brand names not belonging to Identiv that appear in this document may be trademarks 
or registered trademarks of their respective owners.  

Each of the terms the “Company,” “Identiv,” “we” and “us” as used herein refers collectively to Identiv, Inc. and its wholly-

owned subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated. 

 
 
PART I  

ITEM 1. 

BUSINESS  

Overview  

Identiv is a global security technology company that secures data, physical places and things. Global organizations in the 
government, education, retail, transportation, healthcare and other markets rely upon our solutions. We empower them to create safe, 
secure, validated and convenient experiences in schools, government offices, factories, transportation, hospitals and virtually every 
type of facility and for every type of product. 

At the beginning of September 2013, we undertook a strategic review of our business and initiated a series of actions to simplify 
our business structure and streamline our operations. Following the changes in our organizational structure, we changed our operating 
segments to focus on the following solutions: 

•  Premises solutions securing buildings via an integrated access control system. 
• 

Information solutions securing enterprise information including PCs, networks, email encryption, login, and printers 
via delivery of smart card reader products and identity management via our idOnDemand service. 

•  Everyday items solutions securing connected items, including electronic toys, medical devices, wearables and other 

internet of things applications 

The foundation of our business are our expertise in RFID and access control, our close customer relationships that allow us to 

develop customer-relevant products, and our core value of quality. 

To deliver these solutions, the Company has organized its operations into four reportable business segments, principally by 

product families: Premises, Identity, Credentials and All Other.  

Premises 

The foundation of our premises business is the Hirsch line of controllers including the advanced MX line, Hirsch's 

Velocity management software and our ICPAM software, EDGE controller and reader package. Our modular Hirsch MX controllers 
are designed to be scalable, allowing customers to start with a small system and expand over time. Hirsch MX controllers can operate 
autonomously, whether as a single controller or as part of a networked system with Velocity software. The Hirsch Velocity software 
platform enables centralized management of access and security operations across an organization, including control of doors, gates, 
turnstiles, elevators and other building equipment, monitoring users as they move around a facility, preventing unwanted access, 
maintaining compliance and providing a robust audit trail.  

uTrust door readers provide unique features to support a number of security environments and standards. For example, uTrust 
TS readers support the majority of legacy card credentials with a robust next-generation platform that can help companies migrate to 
more secure credentials and technologies, including smart cards, near field communication (“NFC”) and government-issued 
credentials. uTrust Scramblepad readers employ numerical scrambling on the keypad to protect access codes from being stolen as they 
are entered.  

Identity 

Our Identity products include smart card readers, which includes a broad range of contact, contactless, portable and mobile 
smart card readers, tokens and terminals that are utilized around the world to enable logical (i.e., PC, network or data) access and 
security and identification applications, such as national ID, payment, e-Health and e-Government.   

Related to our reader product line, we are a leading provider in the definition and provisioning of access cards and other devices 

that allow users to conveniently and securely access their facilities and resources, and to empower facilities and security 
administrators to deploy customized solutions with optimal mix of cost, security and convenience to their user community, whether 
students, hospital patients, military and government personnel, consumers or users. 

Credentials 

Our Credentials products include NFC and radio frequency identification (“ RFID”) products — including inlays and inlay-
based cards — labels, tags and stickers, as well as other radio frequency (“RF”) and IC components. These products are manufactured 
in our state-of-the-art facility in Singapore and are used in a diverse range of physical applications, including electronic entertainment 

4 

 
games, loyalty cards, mobile payment systems, transit and event ticketing, and brand authenticity from pharmaceuticals to consumer 
goods, hospital resource management and many others.   

Leveraging our expertise in RFID, physical access and physical authentication, we're developing new solutions to extend our 
platforms across a wide variety of physical use cases.  The next major opportunity in our connected world is the Internet of things, 
which fundamentally is about physical things.  We believe our core strength in physical access and physical instrumentation (RFID) 
markets, our well-established platforms and our deep knowledge of the relevant technologies, position us well in this growth market.  

All Other  

The All Other segment includes products, such as Chipdrive and Digital Media readers. The products included in the All Other 
segment do not meet the quantitative thresholds for determining reportable segments and therefore have been combined for reporting 
purposes. 

We primarily conduct sales and marketing activities in each of the markets in which we compete, utilizing our own sales and 
marketing organization to solicit prospective channel partners and customers, provide technical advice and support with respect to 
products, systems and services, and manage relationships with customers, distributors and/or original equipment manufacturers 
(“OEMs”). We utilize indirect sales channels that may include OEMs, dealers, systems integrators, value added resellers, resellers or 
Internet sales, although we also sell directly to end users. In support of our sales efforts, we participate in industry events and conduct 
sales training courses, targeted marketing programs, and ongoing customer, channel partner and third-party communications 
programs. 

Our corporate headquarters are located in Fremont, California. We maintain research and development facilities in California, 
and Chennai, India, and local operations and sales facilities in Australia, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Singapore and the U.S. 
We were founded in 1990 in Munich, Germany and incorporated in 1996 under the laws of the State of Delaware. 

For a discussion of our net revenue by segment and geographic location, see Note 10, Segment Reporting and Geographic 

Information in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements.  

Market Strategy 

Our corporate priority is to drive revenue growth by leveraging our core expertise from our existing product portfolio and our 

enduring customer relationships, as well as our significant experience addressing solutions across multiple markets, including 
government, transportation, healthcare, education, banking, critical infrastructure and others. 

In particular, we believe that our more than 20 years’ experience delivering physical security solutions to U.S. Government 
customers has provided us with significant expertise and a quality reputation. Our products enable compliance with federal directives 
and standards implemented over the past decade, including Homeland Security Presidential Directive (“HSPD”) 12 and Federal 
Information Processing Standard (“FIPS”) 201, which defines a common identification standard known as the Personal Identity 
Verification (“PIV”) credential, used by all U.S. Government employees and contractors. We have supplied millions of smart card 
readers to the Department of Defense and other federal agencies and are a leading supplier of physical access control solutions to both 
federal and state government customers, including agencies within the Department of Justice, Department of the Treasury, the FBI, 
and the U.S. Military. 

In our increasingly connected world, governments, enterprises, commercial businesses, organizations of every size, and 

individuals are continually challenged to protect their physical environments and digital resources, which are vulnerable to 
increasingly determined attacks.  As the Internet of Things results in more convenience but also more physical vulnerability, we 
believe we're positioned to deliver both the convenience promised by the IoT and the physical security required by it.  

We develop and sell integrated physical access control solutions to government and enterprise customers worldwide.  Our 
systems integrate access control, video surveillance, intrusion detection, building management and other network-based systems using 
a wide range of access cards, including PIV cards, smart cards, RFID cards and biometrics in order to successfully secure facilities and 
resources.  

Our offerings include Hirsch MX controllers, Velocity management software, ICPAM software and EDGE controller systems.  

These combined with door readers and access cards provide scalable systems, allowing customers to start with a small system and 
expand it over time. Hirsch and ICPAM EM-100 controllers can operate autonomously, whether as a single controller or as part of a 
networked system with Velocity or ICPAM software. The Hirsch Velocity software platform enables centralized management of 
access and security operations across an organization, including control of doors, gates, turnstiles, elevators and other building 
equipment, monitoring users as they move around a facility, preventing unwanted access, maintaining compliance and providing a 

5 

robust audit trail. Our door readers provide unique features to support a number of security environments and standards. For example, 
our Scramblepad readers employ numerical scrambling on the keypad to protect access codes from being stolen as they are entered. 
Our TouchSecure readers support the majority of legacy card credentials with a robust next generation platform that can help 
companies expand to encompass other credentials and technologies, including smart cards, and mobile government-issued cards. 

Identiv is a leading global supplier of smart card readers. We offer a broad range of contact, contactless and mobile smart card 
readers, tokens and terminals that are utilized around the world to enable logical (i.e., PC, network, or data) access and security and 
identification applications, such as national ID, payment and eHealth and eGovernment. To support the growing demand for solutions 
that provide secure access via mobile devices, sometimes known as “bring your own device” (“BYOD”), our mobile readers allow 
users to securely authenticate using iOS™ or Android™ devices, when they present standard credentials issued by the U.S. 
Government, including the PIV card and its predecessor, the Common Access Card (“CAC”), as well as the PIV-I card issued by 
commercial contractors under a similar security standard.  

We design and manufacture a broad range of NFC and RFID products, including inlays and inlay-based cards, labels, tags and 

stickers, as well as other RF and IC components. Our inlays and converted inlay products are used in a diverse range of identity-based 
applications, including electronic entertainment, loyalty schemes, mobile payment, transit and event ticketing, and others.  

Leveraging our expertise in RFID and NFC technology, and mobility, we are developing new solutions for a wide range of 
physical connected items, also known as the “Internet of Things.”  Market analysts estimate that by 2020 the number of physical 
things connected to the Internet will grow into the tens of billions. These will include household appliances, vehicles, medicines, home 
security systems, books, luggage, jewelry, toys and a host of other objects. We believe the growth of the Internet of Things creates 
significant opportunities to provide physical access and authentication into nearly every industry, worldwide.  We plan to leverage our 
physical access and RFID-based physical device-management expertise to provide leading solutions as our customers embrace the 
Internet of Things. 

Customers  

We sell to customers worldwide in a diverse range of markets, including government, enterprise, consumer, education, 
healthcare and transportation. Sales to our ten largest customers accounted for 35% of total net revenue in 2015 and 44% of total net 
revenue in 2014. One customer accounted for 14% of our total net revenue in 2015. One customer accounted for 23% of our total net 
revenue in 2014. A significant amount of revenue is sourced from sales of products and systems to our OEM partners and an indirect 
sales network who sell to various entities within the U.S. federal government sector. U.S. federal government sales are primarily 
delivered through our OEM partners and an indirect sales network or are priced using published General Service Administration 
schedules.  

Sales and Marketing 

We primarily conduct our own sales and marketing activities in each of the markets in which we compete, utilizing our own 
sales and marketing organization to solicit prospective channel partners and customers, provide technical advice and support with 
respect to products, systems and services, and manage relationships with customers, distributors and/or OEMs. We sell our smart card 
readers and RFID/NFC products directly to end users and utilize indirect sales channels that may include OEMs, dealers, systems 
integrators, value added resellers, resellers or Internet sales. We sell our physical access control solutions and our idOnDemand cloud-
based identity and access management services primarily through systems integrators, dealers and value added partners, although we 
also sell directly to end users. In support of our sales efforts, we participate in trade shows and conduct sales training courses, targeted 
marketing programs, and ongoing customer, channel partner and third-party communications programs.  

Competition 

The market for security solutions is competitive and characterized by rapidly changing technology and evolving standards in the 

industry as a whole and within specific markets. We believe that competition for security solutions is likely to intensify as a result of 
an ongoing increase in demand for cloud-based credential provisioning and management services as well as solutions that help 
converge physical and logical access control systems and RFID and NFC products to enable expansion of the connected world. 

We face a range of competition for our products, systems and solutions. Competition for our smart card readers and related 
products primarily comes from several well-established companies, including Gemalto NV and OMNIKEY/HID Global (a division of 
ASSA ABLOY AB), as well as from a number of smaller suppliers in Asia. Competition for our RFID inlays and inlay-based products 
comes from a small number of organizations that understand the specialized processes and have the capital equipment required to 
serve the RFID/NFC technology market. Competitors in this market include SMARTRAC NV, who in the last few years has acquired 
former competitors UPM RFID and KSW Microtec, as well as a number of inlay conversion companies in Asia. In the market for 

6 

 
 
NFC tags, readers and other solutions, we face competition from traditional smart card reader and RFID technology providers, 
including Gemalto and ASSA ABLOY for NFC readers, and SMARTRAC and other inlay converters for NFC tags.  

Enterprise-class physical access control solutions are available from multiple suppliers. In this market we primarily compete 
with AMAG Technology (a division of G4S plc), Lenel Systems International (a division of United Technologies Corp.), Software 
House (a division of Tyco International Ltd.), Gallagher Group Ltd, and Honeywell International Inc.   

We may in the future face competition from other parties that develop physical security and RFID solutions based upon 

approaches similar to or different from those employed by us. In addition, these markets for security solutions may ultimately be 
dominated by approaches other than the approach marketed by us. We believe that the principal competitive factors affecting the 
market for our products, systems and solutions include:  

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

• 
• 

technical features;  

the ability of channel partners to effectively integrate multiple products and systems in order to address customer 
requirements including full system capabilities, cost of ownership and ease of use;  

quality and reliability;  

the ability of suppliers to quickly develop new products and integrated solutions to satisfy new customer requirements;  

ease of use;  

strength of sales and distribution channels; and  

price and total cost of system ownership.  

While we believe that we compete favorably within our market environment, our ability to continue to successfully compete is 

subject to a variety of factors, as further discussed below in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Seasonality and Other Factors 

In our business overall, we may experience significant variations in demand for our offerings from quarter to quarter, and 

overall we typically experience a stronger demand cycle in the second half of our fiscal year. Sales of our physical access control 
solutions to U.S. Government agencies are subject to annual government budget cycles and generally are highest in the third quarter of 
each year; however the impact of overall budget reductions from actions such as government shutdowns and potential sequester 
actions on this seasonal trend is uncertain. Sales of our smart card readers and reader chips, many of which are sold to government 
agencies, are impacted by testing and compliance schedules of government bodies as well as roll-out schedules for application 
deployments, both of which contribute to variability in demand from quarter to quarter. Further, this business is typically subject to 
seasonality based on commercial and government budget cycles, with lower sales in the first half, and in particular the first quarter of 
the year, and the highest sales in the second half of each year.  

In addition to the general seasonality of demand, overall U.S. Government expenditure levels have a significant impact on 

demand for our products due to the significant portion of end demand for our products that we believe is sourced from U.S. 
Government agencies. Therefore, any significant reduction in U.S. Government spending could adversely impact our financial results 
and could cause our operating results to fall below any guidance we provide to the market or below the expectations of investors or 
security analysts. 

Backlog  

We typically do not maintain a significant level of backlog and revenue in any quarter significantly depends on contracts entered 

into or orders received and shipped in that quarter. The majority of our sales are made primarily pursuant to purchase orders for 
current delivery or agreements covering purchases over a period of time. While our customer contracts generally do not require fixed 
long-term purchase commitments, from time to time we do enter into customer contracts where delivery of products, systems or 
services is ongoing or is scheduled over multiple quarters or years. In view of our order and shipment patterns, and because of the 
possibility of customer changes in delivery schedules or cancellation of orders, we do not believe that the ongoing arrangements we 
enter into provide meaningful backlog figures or are necessarily indicative of actual sales for any succeeding period. 

Research and Development 

We have made and continue to make significant investments in research and the development of trust solutions for customers in 

the government, enterprise, consumer and commercial markets. We focus the bulk of our research and development activities on the 
development of products and solutions for new and emerging market opportunities. In addition to developing core technology that can 

7 

be leveraged across a number of products, our engineering team works with product managers, applications engineers, distribution 
partners and customers to develop new products, product enhancements, software and systems to meet customer and market 
requirements. We also strive to develop and maintain close relationships with key suppliers of components and technologies in order 
to be able to quickly introduce new offerings that incorporate the latest technological advances. New offerings introduced across our 
businesses resulting in new inventions provide opportunities for new patent applications. 

Our recent research and development activities have included enhancements for our cloud-based credential provisioning and 
management offerings and the ongoing development of physical access controller platforms, which address new market trends such as 
secure mobile access and extends our available customer base to include smaller enterprises. On an ongoing basis, we invest in the 
development of new contactless readers, tokens and modules, new physical access readers to enable converged physical and logical 
access, and in the extension of our contactless platforms. In addition, we continue to enhance and broaden our RFID and NFC inlay 
designs and technologies in the areas of security, enablement for NFC applications, card manufacturing and other applications.  

We attempt to balance our investment in new technologies, products and services with careful management of our development 

resources so that our increased development activities do not result in unexpected or significant changes in our overall spending on 
research and development. Research and development expenses were $9.2 million in 2015 and $6.9 million in 2014 and we capitalized 
expense related to development of our cloud-based services of $0.1 million in 2015 and $0.5 million in 2014. 

We conduct our research and development activities from several locations around the world. Development of our smart card 

reader products and technologies primarily takes places in India. Development of our cloud-based credential provisioning and 
management offering primarily takes place in California. Development of our physical access control solutions primarily takes place 
in California. Development of our RFID and NFC products and technology primarily takes place in Singapore.  

Proprietary Technology and Intellectual Property  

Our success depends partly upon our proprietary technology. We currently rely on a combination of patent, copyright and 

trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality agreements and contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights, which afford 
only limited protection. Although we often seek to protect our proprietary technology through patents, it is possible that no new 
patents will be issued, that our proprietary products or technologies are not patentable, and that any issued patent will fail to provide us 
with any competitive advantages. The core of our proprietary technology advantage is the combination of our advanced technical 
expertise combined with our intimate customer knowledge, enabling us to develop and bring to market products uniquely positioned 
to deliver benefits to customers.  This is an intellectual property advantage more characterized by trade secrets and unique 
relationships than formal patents. 

There has been a great deal of litigation in the technology industry regarding intellectual property rights and from time to time 
we may be required to use litigation to protect our proprietary technology. This may result in our incurring substantial costs and there 
is no assurance that we would be successful in any such litigation. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized 
parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or to use our proprietary information and software without authorization. In 
addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary and intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the 
laws in the U.S. Because many of our products are sold and a substantial portion of our business is conducted outside the U.S., our 
exposure to intellectual property risks may be higher. Our means of protecting our proprietary and intellectual property rights may not 
be adequate. There is a risk that our competitors will independently develop similar technology, duplicate our products or design 
around our patents or other intellectual property rights. If we are unsuccessful in protecting our intellectual property or our products or 
technologies are duplicated by others, our business could be harmed.  

In addition, we have from time to time received claims that we are infringing upon third parties’ intellectual property rights. 

Future disputes with third parties may arise and these disputes may not be resolved on terms acceptable to us. As the number of 
products and competitors in our target markets grow, the likelihood of infringement claims also increases. Any claims or litigation 
may be time-consuming and costly, divert management resources, cause product shipment delays, or require us to redesign our 
products, accept product returns or to write-off inventory. Any of these events could have a material adverse impact on our business 
and operating results.  

We have a portfolio of approximately 30 patent families (designs, patents, utility models, patents pending and exclusive licenses) 

in individual or regional filings, covering products, electrical and mechanical designs, software systems and methods and 
manufacturing process ideas for our various businesses. We also submitted and have pending U.S. and foreign patent filings in RFID 
tags, converged access readers and systems, smart card manufacturing methods, authentication and cloud-based systems and NFC 
offerings. Additionally, we leverage our own ASIC designs for smart card interface in some of our reader devices. However, none of 
our patents are currently material to our business. 

8 

 
Manufacturing and Sources of Supply 

We utilize a combination of our own manufacturing facilities and the services of contract manufacturers in various countries 

around the world to manufacture our products and components. Our physical access keypads, controllers and software are 
manufactured primarily in California, using locally sourced components. The majority of our smart card reader products and 
components are manufactured in Singapore and China. Our RFID and NFC inlays and inlay-based products such as labels and tags are 
manufactured and assembled by our own internal manufacturing teams in Singapore primarily using locally sourced components and 
are certified to the ISO 9001:2000 quality manufacturing standard.  

We have implemented formal quality control programs to satisfy customer requirements for high quality and reliable products. 

To ensure that products manufactured by third parties are consistent with internal standards, our quality control programs include 
management of all key aspects of the production process, including establishing product specifications, selecting the components to be 
used to produce products, selecting the suppliers of these components and negotiating the prices for certain of these components. In 
addition, we may work with suppliers to improve process control and product design.  

We believe that our success will depend in large part on our ability to provide quality products and services while ensuring the 
highest level of security for our products during the manufacturing process. In the event any of our contract manufacturers are unable 
or unwilling to continue to manufacture our products, we may have to rely on other current manufacturing sources or identify and 
qualify new contract manufacturers. Any significant delay in our ability to obtain adequate supplies of our products from current or 
alternative sources would harm our business and operating results.  

For the majority of our product manufacturing, we utilize a global sourcing strategy that serves all business solution areas within 

the company, which allows us to achieve economies of scale and uniform quality standards for our products and support higher gross 
margins.  

On an ongoing basis, we analyze the need to add alternative sources for both our products and components. For example, we 

currently utilize the foundry services of external suppliers to produce our ASICs for smart cards readers and inlays, and we use chips 
and antenna components from third-party suppliers in our RFID and NFC inlays and contactless smart card readers. Wherever 
possible, we have qualified additional sources of supply for components. However, a risk remains that we may be adversely impacted 
by an inadequate supply of components, price increases, late deliveries or poor component quality. In addition, some of the basic 
components used in our reader products, such as semiconductors, may at any time be in great demand. This could result in 
components not being available to us in a timely manner or at all, particularly if larger companies have ordered significant volumes of 
these components, or higher prices being charged for components we require.  

Employees 

As of December 31, 2015, we had 305 employees, of which 98 were in research and development, 90 were in sales and 

marketing, 33 were in general and administrative and 84 were in manufacturing and related functions. We are not subject to any 
collective bargaining agreements and, to our knowledge, none of our employees are currently represented by a labor union. To date, 
we have experienced no work stoppages and believe that our employee relations are generally good.  

Foreign Operations; Properties  

We operate globally, with corporate headquarters in Fremont, California. We also maintain leased facilities in Australia, 

Germany, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Singapore and the U.S. We consider these properties adequate for our business needs.  

Special Committee Investigation  

In April 2015 the Company was served with a complaint (the “Complaint”) from a former employee alleging, among other 
things, certain expense reimbursement issues with respect to certain executive officers and certain other employees of the Company. 
The Board of Directors of the Company formed a special committee (the “Committee”) to investigate the allegations contained in the 
Complaint and related matters with the assistance of independent counsel. As a result of the ongoing investigation, the Company did 
not timely file its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015 and September 30, 2015. 

On September 9, 2015, after reviewing the findings of the Committee, the Board of Directors appointed Steven Humphreys as 

the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, replacing Jason Hart, and appointed James Ousley Chairman of the Board.  Mr. Hart 
continued to serve as President and as a director of the Company until February 2, 2016, when Mr. Hart ceased serving as an officer 
and director of the Company in connection a restructuring plan announced by the Company on February 2, 2016. 

9 

Unrelated to the Committee’s investigation, effective November 18, 2015, the Board of Directors appointed Steven Finney as 
interim Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Finney continues to serve as the Company’s principal financial officer and principal accounting 
officer. 

Legal Proceedings  

On December 7, 2015, we and certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a putative 

class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Ruggiero v. Identiv, Inc., et 
al., Case No. 15-cv-05583.  The complaint in that lawsuit alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 
10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934 based on allegations that we made false and/or 
misleading statements and/or failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 2013 and 2015.  The 
complaint sought unspecified monetary damages, reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees, and equitable and injunctive relief.  On 
December 16, 2015, that lawsuit was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice.  

Between December 2015 and February 2016, a number of other shareholder lawsuits were filed.  On December 16, 2015, we 
and certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit filed in the 
United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Rok v. Identiv, Inc., et al., Case No. 15-cv-05775, alleging 
violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange 
Act of 1934.  In addition, three shareholder derivative actions were filed between January and February 2016.  On January 1, 2016, 
certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and we were named as nominal defendant, in a 
shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Oswald v. 
Humphreys, et al., Case No. 16-cv-00241-JCS, alleging breach of fiduciary duty and abuse of control claims.  On January 25, 2016, 
certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and we were named as nominal defendant, in a 
shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda, entitled Chopra v. Hart, et al., 
Case No. RG16801379, alleging breach of fiduciary duty claims.  On February 9, 2016, certain of our present and former officers and 
directors were named as defendants, and the Company was named as nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in 
the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda, entitled Wollnik v. Wenzel, et al., Case No. HG16803342, alleging 
breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, gross mismanagement, and unjust enrichment claims.  These lawsuits generally allege that 
we made false and/or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 
2013 and 2015.  Each of the lawsuits seeks one or more of the following remedies: unspecified compensatory damages, unspecified 
exemplary or punitive damages, restitution, declaratory relief, equitable and injunctive relief, and reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees.  
We intend to vigorously defend against these lawsuits.  We cannot currently predict the impact or resolution of each of these lawsuits 
or reasonably estimate a range of possible loss, which could be material, and the resolution of these lawsuits may harm our business 
and have a material adverse impact on our financial condition. 

From time to time, we could become subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of business or could be named a defendant 

in additional lawsuits. The outcome of such claims or other proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty and may have a material 
effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.  

Availability of SEC Filings  

We make available through our website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K,Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current 

Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file 
such reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Our Internet address is www.identiv.com. The content on our 
website is not, nor should it be deemed to be, incorporated by reference into this Annual Report. Additionally, documents filed by us 
with the SEC may be read and copied at the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. 
Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our filings with 
the SEC are also available to the public through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.  

Item 1A. 

Risk Factors  

The following discussion of risk factors contains forward-looking statements. These risk factors may be important to 
understanding any statement in this Form 10-K or elsewhere. The following information should be read in conjunction with Part II, 
Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial 
statements and related notes in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Form 10-K. 

Because of the following factors, as well as other factors affecting our financial condition and operating results, past financial 

performance should not be considered to be a reliable indicator of future performance, and investors should not use historical trends to 
anticipate results or trends in future periods. 

10 

 
Our revenues and operating results are subject to significant fluctuations and such fluctuations may lead to a reduced market 

price for our stock.  

Our revenues and operating results have varied in the past and will likely continue to fluctuate in the future. We believe that 
period-to-period comparisons of our operating results are not necessarily meaningful, but security analysts and investors often rely 
upon these comparisons as indicators of future performance. If our operating results in any future period fall below the expectations of 
security analysts and investors, or the guidance that we provide, the market price of our stock would likely decline.  

business and economic conditions overall and in our markets;  

Factors that have caused our results to fluctuate in the past and which are likely to affect us in the future include the following: 
• 
• 

the timing and size of customer orders that may be tied to annual or other budgetary cycles, seasonal demand, product 
plans or program roll-out schedules;  

• 

• 
• 

• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

the effects of the U.S. Government spending cuts and other changes in budget allocation or availability that create 
uncertainty for customers in certain parts of our business;  

the absence of significant backlog in our business;  

cancellations or delays of customer orders or the loss of a significant customer;  

the length of sales cycles associated with our product or service offerings; 

variations in the mix of products and services we sell; 

reductions in the average selling prices that we are able to charge due to competition or other factors;  

our ability to obtain an adequate supply of quality components and to deliver our products on a timely basis;  

our inventory levels and the inventory levels of our customers and indirect sales channels;  

the extent to which we invest in development, sales and marketing, and other expense categories; 

strategic acquisitions, dispositions or organizational restructuring;  

fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar;  

the cost or impact of litigation;  and 

the write-off of investments or goodwill.  

Estimating the amount and mix of future revenues is difficult, and our failure to do so accurately could affect our ability to be 

profitable or reduce the market price for our stock.  

Accurately estimating future revenues is difficult because the purchasing patterns of our customers can vary depending upon a 

number of factors. We sell our smart card readers primarily through a channel of distributors who place orders on an ongoing basis 
depending on their customers’ requirements. As a result, the size and timing of these orders can vary from quarter to quarter. The 
increasing market demand for RFID and NFC technology is resulting in larger program deployments of these products and 
components, as well as increasing competition for these solutions. Across our business, the timing of closing larger orders increases 
the risk of quarter-to-quarter fluctuation in revenues. If orders forecasted for a specific group of customers for a particular quarter are 
not realized or revenues are not otherwise recognized in that quarter, our operating results for that quarter could be materially 
adversely affected. In addition, from time to time, we may experience an unexpected increase or decrease in demand for our products 
resulting from fluctuations in our customers’ budgets, purchasing patterns or deployment schedules. These occurrences are not always 
predictable and can have a significant impact on our results in the period in which they occur.  

Failure to accurately forecast customer demand may result in excess or obsolete inventory, which if written down might 

adversely impact our cost of revenues and financial condition. 

In addition, our expense levels are based, in significant part, upon our expectations as to future revenues and are largely fixed in 
the short term. We may be unable to adjust spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected shortfall in revenues. Any 
significant shortfall in revenues in relation to our expectations could have an immediate and significant effect on our operating results 
for that quarter and may lead to a reduced market price for our stock.  

11 

Our loan covenants may affect our liquidity or limit our ability to incur debt, make investments, sell assets, merge or complete 

other significant transactions.  

In March 2014, we entered into a Senior Secured Credit Facility Agreement with Opus Bank (the “Credit Agreement”). The 

loan agreement includes provisions that place limitations on a number of our activities, including our ability to incur additional debt, 
create liens on our assets or make guarantees, make certain investments or loans, pay dividends or dispose of or sell assets or enter 
into a merger or similar transaction. Additionally, on November 10, 2014, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement (the 
“Amended Credit Agreement”). Under the Amended Credit Agreement, the revolving loan facility was increased from $10.0 million 
to $30.0 million and the revolving loan maturity date was extended to November 10, 2017. On December 4, 2015, we entered into an 
additional amendment to our Credit Agreement, which revised the Tangible Net Worth covenant.  In addition, the Default or Event of 
Default arising under the Credit Agreement due to our failure to comply with the Tangible Net Worth covenant for the quarter ended 
September 30, 2015 was waived. 

Together the Credit Agreement and Amended Credit Agreements contain financial covenants that require us to achieve certain 

levels of financial performance as measured periodically in terms of our tangible net worth, EBITDA, and specific asset levels as they 
relate to outstanding debt. We have failed to maintain compliance with these financial covenants, and we cannot assure you that we 
will not be out of compliance with one or more financial covenants again in the future, or that the lender will waive any such failures 
to be in compliance with covenants.  If an event of default in such covenants occurs and is continuing, the lender may, among other 
things, accelerate the loan and seize collateral or take other actions of a secured creditor. If repayment of the loan is accelerated, we 
could face a substantial liquidity problem and may be forced to dispose of material assets or operations, seek to obtain equity capital, 
or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. Such alternative measures may not be available or successful. Also, our loan covenants 
may limit our ability to dispose of material assets or operations or to restructure or refinance our indebtedness. Even if we are able to 
restructure or refinance our indebtedness, the economic terms may not be favorable to us. All of the foregoing could have serious 
consequences to our financial condition and results of operations. Our ability to generate cash to meet scheduled payments with 
respect to our debt depends on our financial and operating performance, which in turn, is subject to prevailing economic and 
competitive conditions and the other factors discussed in this Risk Factors section. If our cash flow and capital resources are 
insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems and may be forced to dispose of material 
assets or operations, seek to obtain equity capital, or restructure or refinance our indebtedness as noted above. Such alternative 
measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. 

If we are not able to secure additional financing when needed, our business could be adversely affected.  

We may seek or need to raise additional funds for general corporate and commercial purposes or for acquisitions. Our ability to 

obtain financing depends on our historical and expected future operating and financial performance, and is also subject to prevailing 
economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors beyond our control. If we are unable to secure additional financing 
when desired, our ability to fund our business operations, make capital expenditures, pursue additional expansion or acquisition 
opportunities, or have resources available to capitalize on other opportunities could be limited, and this could adversely impact our 
financial results. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available to us on favorable terms or at all. The sale of 
additional debt or equity securities may cause dilution to existing stockholders. Any debt or equity securities issued may also provide 
for rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of our common stock and could impose significant restrictions on our operations. 

Acquisitions and strategic investments require substantial resources, expose us to significant risks and may adversely impact 

our business. 

From time to time we may seek to acquire or make investments in companies, products or technologies that we believe 
complement or augment our existing business, product offerings or technology portfolio. Acquiring and integrating acquired assets 
into our business exposes us to certain risks.  

Executing acquisition or investment transactions and assimilating personnel and operations from an acquired business may 

require significant attention and resources, which may divert the attention of our management and employees from day-to-day 
operations and disrupt our business. This may adversely impact our results of operations. 

The costs associated with an acquisition may be significant, whether or not the acquisition transaction is successfully concluded. 

As a result, acquisition activities may reduce the amount of capital available to fund our business. To purchase another company, we 
may be required to issue additional equity securities, which would result in dilution to our stockholders. Acquisitions may result in the 
assumption of additional liabilities or debt, including unanticipated liabilities, or charges to earnings for such items as amortization of 
purchased intangibles or in-process research and development expenses. Such liabilities, indebtedness or charges could have a 
material and adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Acquisitions and strategic investments may also lead 
to substantial increases in non-current assets, including goodwill. Write-downs of these assets due to unforeseen business 
developments may materially and adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.  

12 

Additionally, we have in the past acquired companies that we have subsequently divested, in some cases for less than we paid to 
acquire the companies. Such divestitures involve risks, such as difficulty separating out portions of or entire businesses, distracting our 
management team and employees, potential loss of revenue and potentially disrupting customer relationships. We have and may again 
in the future incur significant costs associated with exit or disposal activities, related impairment charges, or both, if we exit or divest a 
business or product line. If we are not able to successfully integrate or divest products, technologies, or personnel from businesses that 
we acquire or divest, or if we are not able to realize the expected benefits of our acquisitions, divestitures, or strategic investments, our 
business and financial results could be adversely affected.   

We may not fully realize the anticipated positive benefits of future financial results from our restructuring efforts. 

In late 2013, we realigned our organizational structure to operate as a single, unified company rather than as a group of 

individual businesses and reorganized our management team and our operational activities by function (e.g., engineering, sales, 
marketing, customer service and information technology). These restructuring efforts were undertaken to streamline operations and 
reduce operating expenses. In January 2016, we commenced the implementation of a worldwide restructuring plan designed to refocus 
resources on our core business segments, including physical access and transponders, and to consolidate operations in several 
worldwide locations. The restructuring plan includes a reduction of approximately 25% of our non-manufacturing employee base, 
reallocates overhead roles into direct business activities and eliminates certain management and executive roles.  Our ability to 
achieve the anticipated cost savings and other benefits from our restructuring efforts within expected time frames is subject to many 
estimates and assumptions, and may vary materially based on factors such as market conditions and the effect of our restructuring 
efforts on our work force. These estimates and assumptions are subject to significant economic, competitive and other uncertainties, 
some of which are beyond our control. There can be no assurance that we will fully realize the anticipated positive impacts to future 
financial results from our current or future restructuring efforts. If our estimates and assumptions are incorrect or if other unforeseen 
events occur, we may not achieve the cost savings expected from such restructurings, and our business and results of operations could 
be adversely affected.  

Our business and reputation may adversely affected by information technology system failures or network disruptions. 

We may be subject to information technology system failures and network disruptions. These may be caused by natural 
disasters, accidents, power disruptions, telecommunications failures, acts of terrorism or war, computer viruses, physical or electronic 
break-ins, or other events or disruptions. System redundancy may be ineffective or inadequate, and our disaster recovery planning may 
not be sufficient for all eventualities. Such failures or disruptions could compromise company or customer data and result in delayed 
or cancelled orders. System failures and disruptions could also impede the manufacturing and shipping of products, delivery of online 
services, processing of transactions and reporting of financial results. 

Our success depends largely on the continued service and availability of key personnel. 

Our future success depends on our ability to continue to attract, retain, and motivate our senior management team as well as 
qualified technical personnel, particularly software engineers. Competition for these employees is intense and many of our competitors 
may have greater name recognition and significantly greater financial resources to better compete for these employees. In addition, we 
have recently experienced a number of changes in our senior management team, including the appointment of a new Chief Executive 
Officer and an Interim Chief Financial Officer in late 2015. If we are unable to retain our existing personnel, or attract and train 
additional qualified personnel, our growth may be limited. All of our key employees are employed on an “at will” basis, meaning 
either we or the employee may terminate their employment with us at any time. The loss of key employees could slow our product 
development processes and sales efforts or harm our reputation. Also, our low common stock price may result in difficulty attracting 
and retaining personnel as stock options and other forms of equity incentives generally comprise a significant portion of our employee 
compensation.  Further, the changes in senior management as well as the restructurings and reductions in force that we have recently 
experienced may have a negative effect on employee morale and the ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. 

Our business could be adversely affected by reductions or delays in the purchase of our products or services for government 

security programs in the United States and globally.  

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from indirect sales to U.S. federal, state and local governments and government 

agencies, as well as from subcontracts under federal government prime contracts. Large government programs are an important 
market for our business, as high-security systems employing physical access, smart card, RFID or other access control technologies 
are increasingly used to enable applications ranging from authorizing building and network access for federal employees to paying 
taxes online, to citizen identification, to receiving health care. We believe that the success and growth of our business will continue to 
be influenced by our successful procurement of government business either directly or through our indirect sales channels. 
Accordingly, changes in government purchasing policies or government budgetary constraints could directly affect our financial 
performance. Sales to government agencies and customers primarily serving the U.S. Government, including further sales pursuant to 
existing contracts, may be adversely affected by factors outside our control, such as the sequester, federal government shutdowns or 

13 

other Congressional actions to reduce federal spending, and by adverse economic, political or market conditions. A reduction in 
current or future anticipated sales to the U.S. Government sector could harm our results of operations. 

Additionally, we anticipate that an increasingly significant portion of our future revenues will come from government programs 

outside the U.S., such as electronic national identity, eGovernment and eHealth programs. We currently supply smart card readers, 
RFID products and cloud-based credential provisioning and management solutions for various government programs in Europe, Asia 
and Australia and are actively targeting additional programs in these and other geographic areas. However, the allocation and 
availability of funding for such programs are often impacted by economic or political factors over which we have no control, and 
which may cause delays in program implementation, which could negatively impact our sales and results of operations.  

Our revenues may decline if we cannot compete successfully in an intensely competitive market.  

We target our products at the rapidly evolving market for security technologies. Many of our current and potential competitors 

have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing, purchasing and other resources than we do. As a result, our competitors may 
be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies or standards and to changes in customer requirements. Our 
competitors may also be able to devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of products or solutions and may be 
able to deliver competitive products or solutions at a lower end user price.  

We also experience indirect competition from certain of our customers who currently offer alternative products or solutions or 

are expected to introduce competitive offerings in the future. For example, in our physical access control business, many of our dealer 
channel partners act as system integrators, providing installation and service, and therefore carry competitive lines of products and 
systems. This is a common practice within the industry as the integrators need access to multiple lines in order to support all potential 
service and user requirements. Depending on the technical competence of their sales forces, the comfort level of their technical staff 
with our systems and price pressures from customers, these integrators may choose to offer a competitor’s product. There is also 
business pressure to provide some level of sales to all vendors to maintain access to a range of products and systems. 

We believe that the principal competitive factors affecting the markets for our products and solutions include:  
• 

the extent to which products and systems must support evolving industry standards and provide interoperability;  

• 

• 

• 

the extent to which products are differentiated based on technical features, quality and reliability, ease of use, strength of 
distribution channels and price; 

the ability to quickly develop new products and solutions to satisfy new market and customer requirements; and 

the total cost of ownership including installation, maintenance and expansion capability of systems.  

Increased competition and increased market volatility in our industry could result in lower prices, reduced margins or the failure 

of our product and service offerings to achieve or maintain market acceptance, any of which could have a serious adverse impact on 
our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Our percentage of revenue and customer concentration is significant in certain of our businesses.  

Sales to our ten largest customers accounted for 35% of total net revenue in 2015 and 44% of total net revenue in 2014. One 

customer accounted for 14% of our total net revenue in 2015. One customer accounted for 23% of our total net revenue in 2014. No 
customers accounted for more than 10% of our accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2015. Two customers accounted for 
more than 10% of our accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2014 with each customer accounting for approximately 12% of 
our accounts receivable balance at year end. A significant amount of revenue is sourced from sales of products and systems to our 
OEM partners and an indirect sales network who sell to various entities within the U.S. federal government sector. We cannot 
guarantee that future reductions in U.S. Government budgets will not impact our sales to these government entities or that the terms of 
existing contracts will not be subject to renegotiation. Our loss of one or more of our significant customers could have a significant 
adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Our business will not be successful if we do not keep up with the rapid changes in our industry.  

The market for security products and related services is characterized by rapid technological developments, frequent new 
product introductions and evolving industry standards. To be competitive, we have to continually improve the performance, features 
and reliability of our products and services, particularly in response to competitive offerings, and quickly demonstrate the value of 
new products and services or enhancements to existing products and services. Our failure to develop and introduce new products and 
services successfully on a timely basis and to achieve market acceptance for such products and services could have a significant 
adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

14 

Our focus on cloud-based services presents execution and competitive risks. 

A component of our strategy involves the sale of our idOnDemand cloud-based services to deliver identity credential 
provisioning and management solutions. The market for cloud-based credentialing solutions is at an early stage of development. 
Customer knowledge of, and trust in the cloud-based delivery of credentialing solutions greatly depends upon suppliers’ ability to 
demonstrate the value, security and reliability of their offerings compared both to competitive services and to traditional models of 
management identity credentials. We believe our expertise in cloud-based service delivery, our broad experience with relevant 
security standards and technologies and our investment in infrastructure provide us with a strong foundation to compete. However, if 
we are not able to demonstrate sufficient security and reliability, as well as differentiated value of our cloud-based solutions to 
potential customers, our revenue and gross profit margins could be adversely impacted.  

Currently, our idOndemand cloud-based services contribute a small component of our overall revenue.  As this component of 
our business grows, we may recognize an increasing portion of our revenues over the subscription period, rather than at the time of 
sale. We have made, and expect to continue to make significant investments to develop, sell and deploy our cloud-based service 
capabilities. These investments are focused on software development, on expanding and maintaining the secure infrastructure to 
support our cloud computing services, and on developing sales and distribution channels for our idOnDemand offering. If our 
investments outpace our revenue growth in cloud services, our operating results will be adversely affected.   

Security breaches, whether or not related to our products, could result in the disclosure of sensitive government information or 

private personal information that could result in the loss of clients and negative publicity.  

Many of the systems we sell manage private personal information or protect sensitive information related to our customers in 

the government or commercial markets. A well-publicized actual or perceived breach of network or computer security in one of these 
systems, regardless of whether such a breach is attributable to our products, could adversely affect the market’s perception of us and 
our products, and could result in the loss of customers, have an adverse effect on our reputation and reduce demand for our products. 

As part of our technical support services, we agree, from time to time, to possess all or a portion of the security system database 

of our customers. This service is subject to a number of risks. For example, despite our security measures our systems may be 
vulnerable to cyber-attacks by hackers, physical break-ins and service disruptions that could lead to interruptions, delays or loss of 
data. If any such compromise of our security were to occur, it could be very expensive to correct, could damage our reputation and 
could discourage potential customers from using our services. Although we have not experienced attempted cyber or physical attacks, 
we may experience such attempts in the future. Our systems also may be affected by outages, delays and other difficulties. Our 
insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover losses and liabilities that may result from such events.  

Sales of our products could decline and we could be subject to legal claims for damages if our products are found to have 

defects. 

Despite our testing efforts, our products may contain defects that are not detected until after the products have been shipped. The 

discovery of defects or potential defects may result in damage to our reputation, delays in market acceptance of our products and 
additional expenditures to resolve issues related to the products’ implementation. If we are unable to provide a solution to actual or 
potential product defects that is acceptable to our customers, we may be required to incur substantial costs for product recall, repair 
and replacement, or costs related to legal or warranty claims made against us.  

The global nature of our business exposes us to operational and financial risks and our results of operations could be adversely 

affected if we are unable to manage them effectively.  

We market and sell our products and solutions to customers in many countries around the world. To support our global sales, 

customer base and product development activities, we maintain company offices and/or business operations in several locations 
around the world, including Australia, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Singapore and the U.S. We also maintain manufacturing 
facilities in Singapore and California and engage contract manufacturers in multiple countries outside the U.S. Managing our global 
development, sales, administrative and manufacturing operations places a significant burden on our management resources and our 
financial processes and exposes us to various risks, including: 

• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

longer accounts receivable collection cycles;  

changes in foreign currency exchange rates; 

changes in foreign laws and regulatory requirements; 

changes in political or economic conditions and stability, particularly in emerging markets; 

difficulties managing widespread sales and manufacturing operations;  

15 

• 

• 
• 

export controls; 

less effective protection of our intellectual property; and 

potentially adverse tax consequences.  

Any failure to effectively mitigate these risks and effectively manage our global operations could have a material adverse effect 

on our business, financial condition or operating results.  

A significant portion of our revenue is through an indirect sales channel, and the loss of dealers, systems integrators, resellers, 

or other channel partners could result in decreased revenue.  

We currently use an indirect sales channel that includes dealers, systems integrators, value added resellers and resellers to sell a 

significant portion of our products and solutions, primarily into markets or to customers where the channel partner may have closer 
relationships or greater access than we do. Some of these channel partners also sell our competitors’ products, and if they favor our 
competitors’ products for any reason, they may fail to market our products as effectively or to devote necessary resources that result in 
effective sales, which would cause our sales to suffer. Indirect selling arrangements are intended to benefit both us and the channel 
partner, and may be long- or short-term relationships, depending on market conditions, competition in the marketplace and other 
factors. If we are unable to maintain effective indirect sales channels, there could be a reduction in the amount of product we are able 
to sell, and our revenues could decrease.  

We depend upon third-party manufacturers and a limited number of suppliers, and if we experience disruptions in our supply 

chain or manufacturing, our business may suffer. 

We rely upon a limited number of suppliers for some key components of our products which exposes us to various risks, 
including whether or not our suppliers will provide adequate quantities with sufficient quality on a timely basis and the risk that 
supplier pricing may be higher than anticipated. In addition, some of the basic components used in some of our products, such as 
semiconductors, may at any time be in great demand. This could result in components not being available to us in a timely manner or 
at all, particularly if larger companies have ordered significant volumes of those components, or in higher prices being charged for 
components we require. Disruption or termination of the supply of components or software used in our products could delay 
shipments of our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results and could also damage 
relationships with current and prospective customers.  

Many of our products are manufactured outside the U.S. by contract manufacturers. Our reliance on these manufactures poses a 
number of risks, including lack of control over the manufacturing process and ultimately over the quality and timing of delivery of our 
products. If any of our contract manufacturers cannot meet our production requirements, we may be required to rely on other contract 
manufacturing sources or identify and qualify new contract manufacturers, and we may not be able to do this in a timely manner or on 
reasonable terms. Additionally, we may be subject to currency fluctuations, potentially adverse tax consequences, unexpected changes 
in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers, export controls, or political and economic instability. Any significant delay 
in our ability to obtain adequate supplies of our products from our current or alternative manufacturers could materially and adversely 
affect our business and operating results. In addition, if we are not successful at managing the contract manufacturing process, the 
quality of our products could be jeopardized or inventory levels could be inadequate or excessive, which could result in damage to our 
reputation with our customers and in the marketplace, as well as possible shortages of products or write-offs of excess inventory.  

Our U.S. Government business depends upon the continuance of regulations that require federal agencies to implement 
security systems such as ours, and upon our ability to receive certain government approvals or certifications and demonstrate 
compliance in government audits or investigations. A failure to receive these government approvals or certifications or a negative 
audit result could result in a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

While we are not able to quantify the amount of sales made to end customers in the U.S. Government market due to the indirect 

nature of our selling process, we believe that orders from U.S. Government agencies represent a significant portion of our revenues. 
The U.S. Government, suppliers to the U.S. Government and certain industries in the public sector currently fall, or may in the future 
fall, under particular regulations that require federal agencies to implement security systems that utilize physical and logical access 
control products and solutions such as ours. These regulations include, but are not limited to HSPD 12 and FIPS 201 produced by the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology (“NIST”). Discontinuance of, changes in, or lack of adoption of laws or regulations 
pertaining to security related to sales to end customers in the U.S. Government market could adversely affect our sales.  

Our U.S. Government business is also dependent upon the receipt of certain governmental approvals or certifications and failure 

to receive such approvals or certifications could have a material adverse effect on our sales in those market segments for which such 
approvals or certifications are customary or required. Government agencies in the U.S. and other countries may audit our business as 

16 

part of their routine audits and investigations of government procurement programs. Based on the outcome of any such audit, if any of 
our costs are found to be improperly allocated to a specific order, those costs may not be reimbursed and any costs already reimbursed 
for such order may have to be refunded. If a government agency audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to 
civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions. A negative audit could materially affect our competitive position and result 
in a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Fluctuations in foreign exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other major currencies in which we do business may 

adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

A significant portion of our business is conducted in foreign currencies, principally the euro. Fluctuations in the value of foreign 
currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will result in currency exchange gains and losses in our reported results. If a significant portion of 
operating expenses are incurred in a foreign currency such as the euro, and revenues are generated in U.S. dollars, exchange rate 
fluctuations might have a positive or negative net financial impact on these transactions, depending on whether the value of the 
U.S. dollar decreases or increases compared to the euro. In addition, the valuation of current assets and liabilities that are denominated 
in a currency other than the functional currency can result in currency exchange gains and losses. For example, when one of our 
subsidiaries uses the euro as the functional currency, and this subsidiary has a receivable in U.S. dollars, a devaluation of the 
U.S. dollar against the euro of 10% would result in a foreign exchange loss to the reporting entity of 10% of the value of the 
underlying U.S. dollar receivable. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results. The effect 
of currency exchange rate changes may increase or decrease our costs and/or revenues in any given period, and we may experience 
currency losses in the future. To date, we have not adopted a hedging program to protect against the risks associated with foreign 
currency fluctuations.  

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights, which could make us less competitive and cause us to lose market 

share. 

Our future success will depend, in part, upon our intellectual property rights and our ability to protect these rights. We rely on a 

combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, nondisclosure agreements and other contractual provisions to 
establish, maintain and protect our proprietary rights. From time to time we may be required to use litigation to protect our proprietary 
technology. This may result in our incurring substantial costs and we may not be successful in any such litigation. Despite our efforts 
to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized third parties may copy aspects of our products, obtain and use information that we 
regard as proprietary, or infringe upon our patents. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary and 
intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws in the U.S. Because many of our products are sold and a significant 
portion of our business is conducted outside the U.S., our exposure to intellectual property risks may be higher. Our efforts to protect 
our proprietary and intellectual property rights may not be adequate. Additionally, there is a risk that our competitors will 
independently develop similar technology or duplicate our products or design around patents or other intellectual property rights. If we 
are unsuccessful in protecting our intellectual property or our products or technologies are duplicated by others, our competitive 
position could be harmed and we could lose market share.  

We face risks from future claims of third parties and litigation, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.  

From time to time, we may be subject to claims of third parties, possibly resulting in litigation, which could include, among 
other things, claims regarding infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties, product defects, employment-related 
claims, and claims related to acquisitions, dispositions or restructurings. Addressing any such claims or litigation may be time-
consuming and costly, divert management resources, cause product shipment delays, require us to redesign our products, require us to 
accept returns of products and to write-off inventory, or result in other adverse effects to our business. Any of the foregoing could 
have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and could require us to pay significant monetary damages.  

We expect the likelihood of intellectual property infringement and misappropriation claims may increase as the number of 
products and competitors in the security market grows and as we increasingly incorporate third-party technology into our products. As 
a result of infringement claims, we could be required to license intellectual property from a third party or redesign our products. 
Licenses may not be offered when required or on acceptable terms. If we do obtain licenses from third parties, we may be required to 
pay license fees or royalties or we may be required to license some of our intellectual property to others in return for such licenses. If 
we are unable to obtain a license necessary for us or our third-party manufacturers to manufacture our allegedly infringing products, 
we could be required to suspend the manufacture of products or stop our suppliers from using processes that may infringe the rights of 
third parties. We may also be unsuccessful in redesigning our products. Our suppliers and customers may be subject to infringement 
claims based on intellectual property included in our products. We have historically agreed to indemnify our suppliers and customers 
for patent infringement claims relating to our products. The scope of this indemnity varies, but may, in some instances, include 
indemnification for damages and expenses, including attorney’s fees. We may periodically engage in litigation as a result of these 
indemnification obligations. Our insurance policies exclude coverage for third-party claims for patent infringement.  

17 

A material impairment in the carrying value of intangible assets or other long-lived assets could negatively affect our 

consolidated financial condition and results of operations.  

A portion of our assets consist of intangible assets and other long-lived assets. We review goodwill for potential impairment on 

an annual basis and intangible assets and other long-lived assets for potential impairment whenever events and changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the asset is considered impaired, it is reduced to 
its fair value, resulting in a non-cash charge to earnings during the period in which any impairment is determined.  In 2015, the 
carrying value of goodwill was determined to be fully impaired and we recorded an impairment charge of $8.8 million to goodwill, as 
disclosed in our consolidated statements of operations.  

Our stock price has been and is likely to remain volatile.  

Over the past few years, The NASDAQ Capital Market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have 

particularly affected the market prices of the stocks of technology companies. Volatility in our stock price may result from a number 
of factors, including, among others:  

• 
• 

• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

low volumes of trading activity in our stock;  

technical trading patterns of our stock;  

variations in our or our competitors’ financial and/or operational results;  

the fluctuation in market value of comparable companies in any of our markets;  

expected or announced news about partner relationships, customer wins or losses, product announcements or 
organizational changes;  

comments and forecasts by security analysts;  

the inclusion or removal of our stock from market indices, such as groups of technology stocks or other indices;  

litigation developments; and  

general market downturns.  

In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been the object of securities class 

action litigation. 

We have been named as a defendant in putative securities class action lawsuits. These lawsuits and other litigation could cause us 
to incur substantial expenses and divert our attention and resources.  

Securities class action lawsuits have often been brought against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of 

its securities. Companies such as ours in the technology industry are particularly vulnerable to this kind of litigation due to the 
volatility of their stock prices. We and a number of our current and former officers and directors are defendants in putative class 
lawsuits and derivative litigation, which is discussed in the Section entitled “Legal Proceedings.” Any litigation to which we are a 
party may result in the diversion of management attention and resources from our business and business strategy. In addition, any 
litigation to which we are a party may result in onerous or unfavorable judgments that may not be reversed upon appeal and that may 
require us to pay substantial monetary damages or fines, or we may decide to settle lawsuits on similarly unfavorable terms, which 
could have a material adverse effect our business, financial condition or results of operations.  

If we fail to regain compliance with the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Capital Market, the price and liquidity of our 
common stock, our business and our ability to access the capital markets could be negatively impacted.  

Our common stock currently is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market. On May 21, 2015, we received notification from 
NASDAQ that we no longer met the requirements for continued listing under NASDAQ’s listing rules because we had failed to file 
our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015. We subsequently submitted a plan of compliance 
to NASDAQ, and were given until November 16, 2015 to regain compliance with the continued listing requirements.  The plan of 
compliance included an undertaking to file our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2015, which had also 
become delinquent. We subsequently were unable to file our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 
2015.  On November 17, 2015, we received a notice from NASDAQ informing us that as a result of our failure  to regain compliance 
with the continued listing requirements by November 16, 2015, and because our September 30, 2015 Form 10-Q was also delinquent, 
our common stock was subject to delisting. We requested and were granted a hearing before the NASDAQ Listing Qualifications 
Panel (the “Panel”) to appeal the delisting determination. On January 26, 2016, we were notified that the Panel had granted our request 

18 

to remain listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market, subject to certain conditions. The Panel determined the our common stock would 
remain listed subject to our becoming current in our periodic filings with the SEC by March 30, 2016, and our holding our annual 
meeting of stockholders on or before May 12, 2016. If we do not maintain compliance with the remainder of The NASDAQ Capital 
Market’s continued listing requirements on an ongoing basis and timely comply with the conditions of the Panel’s decision, our 
common stock may be immediately delisted from The NASDAQ Capital Market. Any such delisting could have a material adverse 
effect on our stock price, the liquidity of our stock, our business and our ability to raise capital.  

You may experience dilution of your ownership interests due to the future issuance of additional shares of our stock, and future 

sales of shares of our common stock could adversely affect our stock price.  

We have issued a significant number of shares of our common stock, together with warrants to purchase shares of our common 
stock, in connection with a number of financing transactions and acquisitions in recent years. Most recently, on September 16, 2014, 
we sold an aggregate of 2,300,000 shares of our common stock in an underwritten public offering. In the future, from time to time we 
may issue additional previously authorized and unissued securities, resulting in the dilution of the ownership interests of our current 
stockholders.  

In addition, we have reserved shares of common stock for potential future issuance including stock issued pursuant to various 

equity incentive plans, as contingent consideration related to previous acquisitions and various warrants issued in connection with 
previous capitals raises and other transactions. As of December 31, 2015, 1.7 million shares of common stock are reserved for future 
grants and outstanding equity awards under our various equity incentive plans and an additional 1.1 million shares of common stock 
are reserved for future issuance in connection with other commitments, including the potential issuance of shares warrant exercises. 
We may issue additional shares of common stock or other securities that are convertible into or exercisable for shares of common 
stock in connection with the hiring of personnel, future acquisitions, future private placements, or future public offerings of our 
securities for capital raising or for other business purposes. If we issue additional securities, the aggregate percentage ownership of our 
existing stockholders will be reduced. In addition, any new securities that we issue may have rights senior to those of our common 
stock.  

The issuance of additional shares of common stock or preferred stock or other securities, or the perception that such issuances 

could occur, may create downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock.  

One of our directors indirectly holds significant amounts of our common stock and could have significant influence over the 

outcome of corporate actions requiring board and stockholder approval.  

As of March 6, 2016, Mountain Partners AG, together with its affiliates (collectively “Mountain Partners”), had the right to vote 

approximately 6.7% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Daniel Wenzel, a director of our company, is a co-founder of 
Mountain Partners. As of March 6, 2016, our directors and officers collectively held approximately 11.0% of our common stock. 
Accordingly, our directors and officers could have influence over the outcome of corporate actions requiring Board and stockholder 
approval, including the election of directors, any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets or any other 
significant corporate transaction.  

If current or future export laws limit or otherwise restrict our business, we could be prohibited from shipping our products to 

certain countries, which could cause our business, financial condition and results of operations to suffer.  

Some of our products are subject to export controls or other laws restricting the sale of our products under the laws of the U.S., 

the European Union (“EU”) and other governments. The export regimes and the governing policies applicable to our business are 
subject to change. We cannot be certain that such export authorizations will be available to us or for our products in the future. In 
some cases, we rely upon the compliance activities of our prime contractors, and we cannot be certain they have taken or will take all 
measures necessary to comply with applicable export laws. If we or our prime contractor partners cannot obtain required government 
approvals under applicable regulations, we may not be able to sell our products in certain international jurisdictions.  

Changes in tax laws or the interpretation thereof, adverse tax audits and other tax matters may adversely affect our future 

results.  

A number of factors may impact our tax position, including:  
• 
• 

the jurisdictions in which profits are determined to be earned and taxed;  

the resolution of issues arising from tax audits with various tax authorities;  

• 
• 

changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities;  

adjustments to estimated taxes upon finalization of various tax returns;  

19 

• 

• 

increases in expenses not deductible for tax purposes; and  

the repatriation of non-U.S. earnings for which we have not previously provided for U.S. taxes.  

Any of these factors could make it more difficult for us to project or achieve expected tax results. An increase or decrease in our 

tax liabilities due to these or other factors could adversely affect our financial results in future periods.  

We have a material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting, and if we fail to maintain adequate internal 

control over financial reporting, our business could be materially and adversely affected. 

Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our management must establish, maintain and make certain assessments and certifications 

regarding our disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting. We have dedicated significant resources to comply 
with these requirements, including significant actions to develop, evaluate, and test our internal controls. A failure to maintain 
adequate internal controls could result in inaccurate or late reporting of our financial results, an investigation by regulatory authorities, 
a loss of investor confidence, a decrease in the trading price of our common stock and exposure to costly litigation or regulatory 
proceedings. 

As described in Controls and Procedures in Part II, Item 9A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in connection with the audit 
of our financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, we identified a material weakness in internal control over 
financial reporting during 2015, Management determined that the design and operating effectiveness of our controls over the financial 
statement close process related to the application of our accounting policies and the presentation of disclosures in the financial 
statements has been inadequate.  Specifically, this material weakness arises from insufficient review and oversight of the recording of 
complex and non-routine transactions, including revenue transactions, due to an insufficient number of accounting personnel with 
appropriate knowledge, experience or training in U.S. GAAP.   A similar material weakness was previously identified and disclosed in 
our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended December 2012 and 2013, and a remediation plan was implemented.  However 
in 2015, in the context of managing a significant change in accounting systems and organizational structure, the loss of legacy 
knowledge in respect of our old consolidation system, the diversion of resources related to an internal investigation which delayed the 
filing of our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q in 2015, two material weaknesses identified by our prior auditors as described in Item 9, 
and other external factors, it became apparent that all the information necessary to record complex and non-routine transactions has 
not been available and addressed timely, resulting in a number of late accounting adjustments.  We may in the future identify 
additional internal control deficiencies that could rise to the level of a material weakness or uncover errors in our financial reporting, 
and the existing material weakness or other material weaknesses in our internal controls could have a material adverse effect on the 
accuracy, timeliness and reliability of our financial reporting, which may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results 
of operations as well as the price of our common stock.  

Regulations relating to conflict minerals may adversely affect our business. 

The SEC has adopted disclosure and reporting rules intended to improve transparency and accountability concerning the supply 
of certain minerals, known as conflict minerals, originating from the Democratic Republic of Congo (“DRC”) and adjoining countries. 
These rules require us to determine the origin of certain materials used in our products and to disclose whether we use any materials 
containing conflict minerals originating from the DRC and adjoining countries. If it is determined that our products contain or use any 
conflict minerals from the DRC or adjoining countries, additional requirements will be triggered. Compliance with conflict mineral 
disclosure requirements may result in increased costs of regulatory compliance, potential risks to our reputation, difficulty satisfying 
any customers that insist on conflict-free products and harm to our business. 

Provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may delay or prevent our acquisition by another company, which could 

decrease the value of your shares.  

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a third 

party to acquire us or enter into a material transaction with us without the consent of our Board. These provisions include a classified 
Board and limitations on actions by our stockholders by written consent. Delaware law imposes some restrictions on mergers and 
other business combinations between us and any holder of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock. In addition, our Board has 
the right to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be used to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile 
acquirer. These provisions will apply even if the offer were to be considered adequate by some of our stockholders. Because these 
provisions may be deemed to discourage a change of control, they may delay or prevent the acquisition of our Company, which could 
decrease the value of our common stock.  

ITEM 1B. 

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  

None.  

20 

 
ITEM 2. 

PROPERTIES  

Our corporate headquarters are located in Fremont, California and we maintain operational headquarters in Santa Ana, 
California. We lease additional facilities around the world to house our engineering, sales and marketing, administrative and 
manufacturing functions. At December 31, 2015, our major facilities consisted of the following:  

Location 
Fremont, California 
Santa Ana, California 

Ismaning, Germany 
Chennai, India 
Singapore 

Function 

   Corporate headquarters 
   Administration; manufacturing; research and 

development 

   European operations and sales 
   Research and development 
   RFID/NFC product manufacturing 

Square Feet 
10,935 
34,599 

15,897 
17,500 
16,060 

Lease Expiration 
April 2021 
January 2018 

November 2016 
October 2017 
May 2017 

ITEM 3. 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  

On December 7, 2015, we and certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a putative 

class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Ruggiero v. Identiv, Inc., et 
al., Case No. 15-cv-05583.  The complaint in that lawsuit alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 
10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934 based on allegations that we made false and/or 
misleading statements and/or failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 2013 and 2015.  The 
complaint sought unspecified monetary damages, reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees, and equitable and injunctive relief.  On 
December 16, 2015, that lawsuit was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice.  

Between December 2015 and February 2016, a number of other shareholder lawsuits were filed.  On December 16, 2015, we 
and certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit filed in the 
United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Rok v. Identiv, Inc., et al., Case No. 15-cv-05775, alleging 
violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange 
Act of 1934.  In addition, three shareholder derivative actions were filed between January and February 2016.  On January 1, 2016, 
certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and we were named as nominal defendant, in a 
shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Oswald v. 
Humphreys, et al., Case No. 16-cv-00241-JCS, alleging breach of fiduciary duty and abuse of control claims.  On January 25, 2016, 
certain of our present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and we were named as nominal defendant, in a 
shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda, entitled Chopra v. Hart, et al., 
Case No. RG16801379, alleging breach of fiduciary duty claims.  On February 9, 2016, certain of our present and former officers and 
directors were named as defendants, and the Company was named as nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in 
the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda, entitled Wollnik v. Wenzel, et al., Case No. HG16803342, alleging 
breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, gross mismanagement, and unjust enrichment claims.  These lawsuits generally allege that 
we made false and/or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 
2013 and 2015.  Each of the lawsuits seeks one or more of the following remedies: unspecified compensatory damages, unspecified 
exemplary or punitive damages, restitution, declaratory relief, equitable and injunctive relief, and reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees.  
We intend to vigorously defend against these lawsuits.  We cannot currently predict the impact or resolution of each of these lawsuits 
or reasonably estimate a range of possible loss, which could be material, and the resolution of these lawsuits may harm our business 
and have a material adverse impact on our financial condition. 

From time to time, we could become subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of business or could be named a defendant 

in additional lawsuits. The outcome of such claims or other proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty and may have a material 
effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.  

ITEM 4. 

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES  

Not Applicable  

21 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Executive Officers of the Registrant 

Information concerning the Company’s executive officers as of March 1, 2016 is as follows: 

Steven Humphreys, 54, has served as our Chief Executive Officer since September 9, 2015 and as a director of the Company 

since July 1996. Mr. Humphreys previously served as Chairman of the Board from September 2013 until September 9, 2015. Mr. 
Humphreys also previously served on the Strategic Committee of the Board of Directors. Previously, he also served as Lead Director 
from May 2010 until April 2013 and as Chairman of the Board of Directors from April 2000 to March 2007 and from July 1996 to 
December 1996. Mr. Humphreys also served as an executive officer of the Company, as President from July 1996 to December 1996 
and as President and Chief Executive Officer from December 1996 to April 2000. From November 2011 to December 2014, 
Mr. Humphreys served as chief executive officer of Flywheel Software, Inc., a privately-held location-based mobile solutions 
company. From October 2008 until its acquisition by SMSC in February 2010, Mr. Humphreys served as Chief Executive Officer and 
President of Kleer Corporation, a maker of wireless audio technology. From October 2001 to October 2003, he served as Chairman of 
the Board and Chief Executive Officer of ActivCard Corporation (now ActivIdentity), a publicly-listed company until December 2010 
and a provider of digital identity solutions, for which he also served as a director from March 2008 until December 2010. Previously, 
Mr. Humphreys was President of Caere Corporation, an optical character recognition software and systems company. Prior to Caere, 
he spent ten years with General Electric Company in a variety of positions. Currently, Mr. Humphreys also serves as a director of 
Flywheel Software and of Giraff Technologies AB, a communications robotics device company. Additionally he serves on the board 
of Summit Public Schools, a charter school system with schools across California and Washington state. Mr. Humphreys holds a B.S. 
degree from Yale University and M.S. and M.B.A. degrees from Stanford University.  

Steven Finney, 56, has served as our Interim Chief Financial Officer since November 18, 2015, and as Vice President of Finance 
since February 2013. Prior to joining Identiv, Mr. Finney had been the Vice President of Finance, Northeast Region, for Thyssenkrupp 
Elevator, a German materials and technology conglomerate since 2011. From 2004 through 2011, Mr. Finney served in a variety of 
financial roles at ASSA ABLOY AB, a publicly listed Swedish security industry conglomerate, including division Chief Financial 
Officer. Mr. Finney is a chartered accountant in the United Kingdom. Mr. Finney holds a B.A. degree, with honors, from the 
University of Sheffield in Accounting and Financial Management. 

PART II  

ITEM 5. 

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER 
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES  

Price Range of Common Stock; Number of Holders; Dividends  

Our common stock is traded on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “INVE.” According to data available at 

March 6, 2016, we had 204 registered holders of our common stock. Not represented in this figure are individual stockholders in 
Germany whose custodian banks do not release stockholder information to us. The following table sets forth the high and low closing 
prices of our common stock for the periods indicated (adjusted for the 1-for-10 reverse split of our common stock effective May 27, 
2014):  

Fiscal 2015: 
First Quarter 
Second Quarter 
Third Quarter 
Fourth Quarter 
Fiscal 2014: 
First Quarter 
Second Quarter 
Third Quarter 
Fourth Quarter 

High 

Low 

   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 

   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 

14.84   
12.40   
5.83   
3.95   

13.00   
12.50   
21.31   
15.04   

 $ 
 $ 
 $ 
 $ 

 $ 
 $ 
 $ 
 $ 

8.51   
5.82   
2.64   
1.64   

5.72   
6.12   
9.89   
8.39   

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain all of our 

future earnings for use in the expansion and operation of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the 
foreseeable future.  

The disclosure required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is included in Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  

22 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
     
  
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
 
 
ITEM 6. 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  

The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of 

Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our audited financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this 
annual report. The selected balance sheet data at December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the selected statements of operations data for each 
of the years ended December 31, 2015 and, 2014 have been derived from our audited financial statements that are included elsewhere 
in this report. The selected balance sheet data at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the selected statements of operations data for the 
years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 have been derived from our audited financial statements not included in this report. The 
financial data included in this report are historical and are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in any future period (in 
thousands of dollars, except per share data). 

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA  

IDENTIV, INC. 

2015 

Years Ended December 31, 
2013 (1) 
2014 (1) 

(In thousands, except per share data) 

2012 (1) 

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: 
Net revenue 
Cost of revenue 
Gross profit 
Operating expenses: 

Research and development 
Selling and marketing 
General and administrative 
Re-measurement of contingent consideration 
Earn-out consideration 
Impairment of goodwill 
Impairment of long-lived assets 
Restructuring and severance 
Total operating expenses 

Loss from operations 
Non-operating income (expense) 
Other (expense) income 
Interest expense, net 
Foreign currency gain (loss), net 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes 
and 
   noncontrolling interest 

Income tax (provision) benefit 

Loss from continuing operations before noncontrolling 
   interest 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of 
   income taxes 

Consolidated net loss 
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 

Net loss attributable to Identiv, Inc. 
   common shareholders 
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable 
to Identiv, Inc. common shareholders: 
Loss from continuing operations 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations 
Net loss 
Weighted average shares used to compute basic and 
   diluted loss per share 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

 $ 

60,794   
37,645   
23,149   

 $ 

81,249   
47,793   
33,456   

 $ 

74,284   
40,888   
33,396   

9,151   
20,236   
19,604   
—   
—   
8,771   
—   
1,266   
59,028   
(35,879 ) 

—   
(1,908 ) 
(1,211 ) 

6,902   
20,635   
12,751   
—   
3,510   
—   
—   
3,098   
46,896   
(13,440 ) 

—   
(3,619 ) 
(1,270 ) 

6,277   
18,907   
14,149   
—   
—   
15,572   
178   
1,770   
56,853   
(23,457 ) 

—   
(2,169 ) 
710   

71,157   
39,369   
31,788   

6,965   
19,055   
14,839   
(5,463 ) 
—   
17,027   
13,410   
325   
66,158   
(34,370 ) 

(108 ) 
(1,077 ) 
296   

(38,998 ) 
(222 ) 

(18,329 ) 
(95 ) 

(24,916 ) 
(47 ) 

(35,259 ) 
5,755   

(39,220 ) 

(18,424 ) 

(24,963 ) 

(29,504 ) 

-   
(39,220 ) 
76   

521   
(17,903 ) 
109   

(10,835 ) 
(35,798 ) 
933   

(24,064 ) 
(53,568 ) 
3,232   

(39,144 ) 

 $ 

(17,794 ) 

 $ 

(34,865 ) 

 $ 

(50,336 ) 

(3.62 ) 
-   
(3.62 ) 

 $ 

 $ 

(2.12 ) 
0.06   
(2.06 ) 

 $ 

 $ 

(3.62 ) 
(1.64 ) 
(5.26 ) 

 $ 

 $ 

(4.41 ) 
(4.03 ) 
(8.44 ) 

10,812   

8,648   

6,633   

5,962   

23 

 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
  
Consolidated Balance Sheets Data: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Working capital (2) 
Total assets 
Long-term payment obligation 
Total other long-term obligations (3) 
Long-term financial liabilities 
Total equity 

2015 

2014 (1) 

2013 (1) 

2012 (1) 

December 31, 

   $ 

   $ 

16,667      $ 
25,058        
53,896        
4,878        
508        
18,104        
14,190      $ 

36,547      $ 
41,980        
85,880        
5,545        
630        
13,938        
46,132      $ 

5,095      $ 
8,451        
58,759        
5,648        
938        
3,051        
24,744      $ 

6,109   
(128 ) 
104,905   
6,177   
721   
6,167   
49,590   

(1)  Amounts shown above have been adjusted for divested businesses as disclosed in Note 2 in the accompanying notes to our 
consolidated financial statements, Discontinued Operations. Although not a required presentation by a Smaller Reporting 
Company, we have decided to present the comparative information for the years 2012 to 2015, adjusted for discontinued 
businesses, as this information presents an overview of our current existing businesses since our acquisition of idOnDemand in 
2011. Results for idOnDemand are included in the tables above since acquisition date. The operating results for the years shown 
are also impacted by the acquisition of Bluehill ID AG (“Bluehill ID”) on January 4, 2010 (excluding Swiss Multicard AG, 
Dutch Multicard Nederland BV and German Multicard GmbH which were subsidiaries of Bluehill ID at the time of acquisition 
and sold in December 2013 as disclosed in Note 2 in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements, 
Discontinued Operations) and Smartag on November 19, 2010. 

(2)  Working capital is defined as current assets less current liabilities.  
(3)  Other long-term obligations exclude long-term deferred tax liability.  

24 

  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
     
        
        
        
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
ITEM 7. 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS  

This Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and other parts of 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) contain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future 
events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact. Forward-
looking statements can also be identified by words such as “will,” “believe,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “anticipate,” 
“intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Forward-looking 
statements are not guarantees of future performance and our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the 
forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part I, 
Item 1A of this Annual Report under the heading “Risk Factors,” which are incorporated herein by reference. The following 
discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 of 
this Annual Report. We assume no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required 
by law. 

Each of the terms the “Company,” “Identiv,” “we” and “us” as used herein refers collectively to Identiv, Inc. and its wholly-

owned subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated.  

Overview  

Identiv is a global security technology company that secures data, physical places and things. Global organizations in the 
government, education, retail, transportation, healthcare and other markets rely upon our solutions. We empower them to create safe, 
secure, validated and convenient experiences in schools, government offices, factories, transportation, hospitals and virtually every 
type of facility and for every type of product. 

At the beginning of September 2013, we undertook a strategic review of our business and initiated a series of actions to simplify 
our business structure and streamline our operations. Following the changes in our organizational structure, we changed our operating 
segments to focus on the following solutions: 

•  Premises solutions securing buildings via an integrated access control system. 
• 

Information solutions securing enterprise information including PCs, networks, email encryption, login, and printers 
via delivery of smart card reader products and identity management via our idOnDemand service. 

•  Everyday items solutions securing connected items, including electronic toys, medical devices, wearables and other 

internet of things applications 

The foundation of our business are our expertise in RFID and access control, our close customer relationships that allow us to 

develop customer-relevant products, and our core value of quality. 

To deliver these solutions, the Company has organized its operations into four reportable business segments, principally by 

product families: Premises, Identity, Credentials and All Other.  

Premises 

The foundation of our premises business is the Hirsch line of controllers including the advanced MX line, Hirsch's 

Velocity management software and our ICPAM software, EDGE controller and reader package. Our modular Hirsch MX controllers 
are designed to be scalable, allowing customers to start with a small system and expand over time. Hirsch MX controllers can operate 
autonomously, whether as a single controller or as part of a networked system with Velocity software. The Hirsch Velocity software 
platform enables centralized management of access and security operations across an organization, including control of doors, gates, 
turnstiles, elevators and other building equipment, monitoring users as they move around a facility, preventing unwanted access, 
maintaining compliance and providing a robust audit trail.  

uTrust door readers provide unique features to support a number of security environments and standards. For example, uTrust 
TS readers support the majority of legacy card credentials with a robust next-generation platform that can help companies migrate to 
more secure credentials and technologies, including smart cards, near field communication (“NFC”) and government-issued 
credentials. uTrust Scramblepad readers employ numerical scrambling on the keypad to protect access codes from being stolen as they 
are entered.  

25 

Identity 

Our Identity products include smart card readers, which includes a broad range of contact, contactless, portable and mobile 
smart card readers, tokens and terminals that are utilized around the world to enable logical (i.e., PC, network or data) access and 
security and identification applications, such as national ID, payment, e-Health and e-Government.   

Related to our reader product line, we are a leading provider in the definition and provisioning of access cards and other devices 
to allow users to conveniently and securely access their facilities and resources, and to empower facilities and security administrators 
to deploy exactly the solutions they want to provide the optimal mix of cost, security and convenience to their user community, 
whether students, hospital patients, military and government personnel, consumers or a vast array of users. 

Credentials 

Our Credentials products include NFC and radio frequency identification (“ RFID”) products — including inlays and inlay-
based cards — labels, tags and stickers, as well as other radio frequency (“RF”) and IC components. These products are manufactured 
in our state-of-the-art facility in Singapore and are used in a diverse range of physical applications, including electronic entertainment 
games, loyalty cards, mobile payment systems, transit and event ticketing, and brand authenticity from pharmaceuticals to consumer 
goods, hospital resource management and many others.   

Leveraging our expertise in RFID, physical access and physical authentication, we're developing new solutions to extend our 
platforms across a wide variety of physical use cases.  The next major opportunity in our connected world is the Internet of things, 
which fundamentally is about physical things.  We believe our core strength in physical access and physical instrumentation (RFID) 
markets, our well-established platforms and our deep knowledge of the relevant technologies, position us well in this growth market.  

All Other  

The All Other segment includes products, such as Chipdrive and Digital Media readers. The products included in the All Other 
segment do not meet the quantitative thresholds for determining reportable segments and therefore have been combined for reporting 
purposes. 

We primarily conduct sales and marketing activities in each of the markets in which we compete, utilizing our own sales and 
marketing organization to solicit prospective channel partners and customers, provide technical advice and support with respect to 
products, systems and services, and manage relationships with customers, distributors and/or original equipment manufacturers 
(“OEMs”). We utilize indirect sales channels that may include OEMs, dealers, systems integrators, value added resellers, resellers or 
Internet sales, although we also sell directly to end users. In support of our sales efforts, we participate in industry events and conduct 
sales training courses, targeted marketing programs, and ongoing customer, channel partner and third-party communications 
programs. 

Our corporate headquarters are located in Fremont, California. We maintain research and development facilities in California, 
and Chennai, India, and local operations and sales facilities in Australia, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Singapore and the U.S. 
We were founded in 1990 in Munich, Germany and incorporated in 1996 under the laws of the State of Delaware. 

For a discussion of our net revenue by segment and geographic location, see Note 10, Segment Reporting and Geographic 

Information in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements.  

Recent Developments in our Business 

In September 2013, we undertook a strategic review of our business and initiated a series of actions to simplify our business 

structure and streamline our operations.  

The first of these actions was to realign our organizational structure to operate as a single, unified company rather than as a 
group of individual businesses. This change in our structure enhances our ability to coordinate and focus our strategic and operational 
activities. To signal this change, we implemented a new corporate identity using the word mark and logo “Identiv” in place of 
“Identive Group.”  We also reorganized our management team and our operational activities by function (e.g., engineering, sales, 
marketing, customer service and information technology), allowing centralized management of key activities on a global basis. With 
the reorganization of and changes to our management team, we moved our executive headquarters to Fremont, California and 
relocated our operational and certain administrative activities from Ismaning, Germany to our facility in Santa Ana, California. 

Another important action was the divestiture of businesses that were determined to be non-core to our ongoing strategy. In 
December 2013 we completed the sale of our Multicard and payment solution subsidiaries in Europe. In February 2014 we completed 

26 

the sale of our Multicard subsidiary in the U.S. and in July 2014, we sold certain non-core assets related to one of our U. S. based 
subsidiaries. We have accounted for these divested businesses as discontinued operations, and the statements of operations for all 
periods presented reflect the discontinuance of these businesses. For more information, see Note 2 Discontinued Operations in the 
accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements. 

Starting in 2014, our operating segments align to our current market strategy. We reported our financial results under these 

segments beginning with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2014. 

Our Strategy 

Our corporate priority is to drive revenue growth by leveraging our core expertise from our existing product portfolio, as well as 

our significant experience addressing customers’ security challenges across multiple markets, including the government, 
transportation, healthcare, education, banking, critical infrastructure and others. 

Trends in our Business  

Geographic net revenue, based on each customer’s ship-to location, for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 is as 

follows:  

Americas 
Europe and the Middle East 
Asia-Pacific 

Total 

Americas 
Europe and the Middle East 
Asia-Pacific 

Total 

Net Revenue Trends  

   $ 

   $ 

Year Ended December 31, 
2014 
2015 

(In thousands) 

40,848       $ 
9,472         
10,474         
60,794       $ 

67 %      
16 %      
17 %      
100 %      

51,322   
15,835   
14,092   
81,249   

63 % 
20 % 
17 % 
100 % 

Net revenue in 2015 was $60.8 million, down 25% compared with $81.2 million in 2014. Approximately 45% of our net 
revenue came from our Credentials segment. Net revenue in our Credentials segment in 2015 was $27.3 million compared to $41.6 
million in 2014. Net revenue in our Premises segment in 2015 was $20.0 million compared to $19.0 million in 2014 reflecting a 
rebound in activity related to U.S. Government entities, which was weak in 2014. The growth in our Premises segment net revenue 
was more than offset by a 30% decline in net revenue in our Identity segment. The net revenue decline in our Identity segment reflects 
continued weakness in sales of smart card readers within Europe and the Middle East where sales activity has declined due to 
continuing economic uncertainty in the region. Premises products accounted for 33% of our business in 2015 and our Identity products 
accounted for 20% of our net revenue.  

Net revenue in the Americas. Net revenue in the Americas was $40.8 million in 2015, accounting for 67% of total net revenue 

and down 20% compared with $51.3 million in 2014. Net revenue from physical access control solutions for security programs within 
various U.S. Government agencies, as well as RFID and NFC products, inlays and tags comprise a significant proportion of our net 
revenue in the Americas region.  

Net revenue from our Premises segment in the Americas increased by approximately 8% in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily 

due to an increase in orders for physical access control solutions from federal and state agency customers. Net revenue from our 
Identity segment in the Americas remained relatively stable in 2015 compared to 2014. Net revenue from our Credentials segment in 
the Americas declined 35% in 2015 compared to 2014. The Credential segment net revenue decrease was primarily due to the timing 
of orders in North America for electronic game toy pieces and other Internet of Things applications.  

As a general trend, U.S. Federal agencies continue to be subject to security improvement mandates under programs such as 

Homeland Security Presidential Directive-12 and reiterated in memoranda from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB M-11-
11). We believe that our physical access control solutions is an attractive offering in the market to help agencies move towards 
compliance with federal directives and mandates. To expand our sales opportunities in the United States in general and with orders 

27 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
       
          
  
     
     
     
     
 
sourced from U.S. Government agencies in particular, we have strengthened our U.S. sales organization and reopened a sales presence 
in Washington D.C. 

Net revenue in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific. Net revenue in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific was $19.9 
million in 2015, accounting for 33% of total net revenue and down 33% from $29.9 million in 2014. Net revenue in these regions are 
very dependent on the completion of large projects and the timing of orders placed by some of our larger customers. Sales of Identity 
readers and RFID and NFC products and tags comprise a significant proportion of our net revenue in these regions.  

Net revenue from our Identity products decreased by approximately 40% in 2015 compared to 2014, as 2014 included the 

completion of a large order to a significant customer in Germany as well as large orders from two significant customers in Asia. In 
2015, we did not see a repeat of these major orders as these customers had recently placed significant fourth quarter 2014 orders.  
Identity readers comprise approximately 38% of the net revenue throughout these regions in 2015. Net revenue from our Credentials 
products, which comprise approximately 41% of the sales in these regions, declined by approximately 32% in 2015 compared to 2014 
as sales in Europe have been negatively impacted by the transfer of local production of NFC inlays and tags to Singapore following 
the end of the second quarter of 2014. Net revenue from our Premises products decreased by 13% in 2015 compared to 2014, 
primarily driven by the completion of projects in the Middle East involving our physical access control solutions in 2014.  

Seasonality and Other Factors. In our business overall, we may experience significant variations in demand for our offerings 
from quarter to quarter, and typically experience a stronger demand cycle in the second half of our fiscal year. Sales of our premises 
solutions to U.S. Government agencies are subject to annual government budget cycles and generally are highest in the third quarter of 
each year. However, the usual seasonal trend can be negatively impacted by actions such as government shutdowns and the passing of 
continuing resolutions which can act to delay the completion of certain projects. Sales of our identity reader chips, many of which are 
sold to government agencies worldwide, are impacted by testing and compliance schedules of government bodies as well as roll-out 
schedules for application deployments, both of which contribute to variability in demand from quarter to quarter. Further, this business 
is typically subject to seasonality based on differing commercial and global government budget cycles.  Lower sales are expected in 
the U.S. in the first half, and in particular the first quarter of the year, with higher sales typically in the second half of each year. In 
Asia and Australia, with fiscal year-ends in March and June, order demand can be high in the first half as customers attempt to 
complete projects before the end of the fiscal year. Accordingly, our net revenue levels in the first quarter and first half each year often 
depends on the relative strength of project completions and sales mix between our U.S. customer base and our International customer 
base.  

In addition to the general seasonality of demand, overall U.S. Government expenditure patterns have a significant impact on 

demand for our products due to the significant portion of revenues that are typically sourced from U.S. Government agencies. 
Therefore, any significant reduction in U.S. Government spending could adversely impact our financial results and could cause our 
operating results to fall below any guidance we provide to the market or below the expectations of investors or security analysts. 

Operating Expense Trends  

Base Operating Expenses   

Our base operating expenses (i.e. research and development, selling and marketing, and general and administrative spending) 

increased 22% in 2015 compared to 2014. Research and development spending increased by 33% in 2015 compared to 2014, mainly 
due to the transfer of existing employees into research and development and the addition of new employees, leading to higher payroll 
costs, and travel expenses, as well as higher costs for external services and contractors. Selling and marketing spending in 2015 were 
down by 2% compared to 2014, due to the stabilization of sales and marketing organization headcount and marketing program 
spending. General and administrative spending in 2015 increased 54% from 2014 due to a large increase in legal and professional fees 
and increases in stock-based compensation in 2015. 

Simplification and Streamlining of our Business 

In September 2013, we undertook a strategic review of our business and initiated a series of actions to simplify our business 
structure and streamline our operations. As a consequence of our strategic review in late 2013 and early 2014, we disposed of non-
core or under-performing businesses, including our Multicard AG, payment solution AG, Multicard Nederland BV and Multicard U.S. 
subsidiaries. Additionally, we ceased any additional investment in the Tagtrail mobile services platform. To further simplify our 
business and streamline our operations, we restructured our organization to operate as a single, unified company rather than as a group 
of individual businesses. This restructuring included the realignment of our management team and our operational activities by 
function (for example engineering, sales, marketing, customer service and information technology). With the centralization of various 
functions, we also eliminated several redundant positions.  Additionally, we completed the process of transferring various functions, 
such as corporate financial accounting and reporting from Germany to the U.S., in the third quarter of 2014.  

28 

To streamline production and operations in our Credentials business, we initiated the closure of our German production facility 

for RFID and NFC inlays, tags, and labels to consolidate production in our facility in Singapore. The closure of this production facility 
was completed in the second quarter of 2014. We have in the past expanded production capacity with the addition of production and 
assembly lines at our existing facility in California and via partnerships with external manufacturers, and we are planning to further 
invest in our card production capabilities. Additionally, we continue to invest in enhancements to our data center infrastructure to 
support the expected growth of our cloud service offerings. 

In addition to the initiatives noted above, on January 27, 2016, we commenced the implementation of a worldwide restructuring 

plan designed to refocus resources on our core business segments, including physical access and transponders, and to further 
consolidate our operations in several worldwide locations. The restructuring plan includes a reduction of approximately 25% of our 
non-manufacturing employee base, reallocating overhead roles into direct business activities and the elimination of certain 
management and executive roles. See Note 11, Restructuring and Severance, and Note 15, Subsequent Events, in the accompanying 
notes to our consolidated financial statements for more information.  

Restructuring and Severance 

As a result of the actions discussed above, certain employees related to non-core functions were terminated. In the year ended 
December 31, 2014, we recorded $3.1 million in restructuring, severance and other closure related costs. In addition, during the year 
ended December 31, 2015, we recorded $1.3 million in severance costs primarily related to restructuring within our sales and 
marketing organization in conjunction with recent corporate restructuring and cost reduction activities. 

In connection with the January 2016 restructuring initiatives, we estimate that we will incur aggregate cash charges of 

approximately $1.6 million to $2.0 million, consisting of approximately $1.5 million to $1.75 million related to severance payments to 
employees and approximately $100,000 to $250,000 in lease termination fees. The majority of the charges are expected to be paid out 
during the first quarter of 2016. 

29 

Results of Operations  

The following table includes segment net revenue and segment net profit information by business segment and reconciles gross 

profit to results of continuing operations before income taxes and noncontrolling interest. The results for 2015 and 2014 have been 
adjusted for divested businesses as discussed in Note 2 Discontinued Operations, in the accompanying notes to our consolidated 
financial statements.  

Premises: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Identity: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Credentials: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

All Other: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Total: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Operating expenses: 

Research and development 
Selling and marketing 
General and administrative 
Earn-out consideration 
Impairment of goodwill 
Restructuring and severance 

Total operating expenses 

Loss from operations 
Non-operating income (expense): 

Interest expense, net 
Foreign currency losses, net 

   $ 

Years Ended December 31, 
2014 
2015 

(In thousands) 

19,963       $ 
11,522         
58 %      

11,950         
5,040         
42 %      

27,336         
5,613         
21 %      

1,545         
974         
63 %      

60,794         
23,149         
38 %      

9,151         
20,236         
19,604         
—         
8,771         
1,266         
59,028         
(35,879 )       

(1,908 )       
(1,211 )       

19,033   
11,358   

60 % 

17,045   
8,232   

48 % 

41,565   
11,898   

29 % 

3,606   
1,968   

55 % 

81,249   
33,456   

41 % 

6,902   
20,635   
12,751   
3,510   
—   
3,098   
46,896   
(13,440 ) 

(3,619 ) 
(1,270 ) 

Loss from continuing operations before income 
   taxes and noncontrolling interest 

   $ 

(38,998 )     $ 

(18,329 ) 

30 

  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
       
          
  
     
     
       
          
  
     
     
     
       
          
  
     
     
     
       
          
  
     
     
     
       
          
  
     
     
     
       
          
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
          
  
     
     
 
The following table sets forth our statements of operations as a percentage of net revenue for the periods indicated:  

Net revenue 
Cost of revenue 
Gross profit 
Operating expenses: 

Research and development 
Selling and marketing 
General and administrative 
Earn-out consideration 
Impairment of goodwill 
Restructuring and severance 

Total operating expenses 

Loss from operations 
Non-operating income (expense) 
Interest expense, net 
Foreign currency losses, net 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and noncontrolling interest 
Income tax provision 
Loss from continuing operations before noncontrolling interest 
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes 
Consolidated net loss 
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 
Net loss attributable to Identiv, Inc. stockholders’ equity 

Fiscal 2015 Compared with Fiscal 2014  

Net Revenue  

  Years Ended December 31, 

2015 

2014 

100.0 %     
61.9   
38.1   

15.1   
33.3   
32.2   
—   
14.4   
2.1   
97.1   
(59.0 ) 

(3.1 ) 
(2.0 ) 
(64.1 ) 
(0.4 ) 
(64.5 ) 
—   
(64.5 ) 
0.1   
(64.4 )%    

100.0 % 
58.8   
41.2   

8.5   
25.4   
15.7   
4.3   
—   
3.8   
57.7   
(16.5 ) 

(4.5 ) 
(1.6 ) 
(22.6 ) 
(0.1 ) 
(22.7 ) 
0.7   
(22.0 ) 
0.1   
(21.9 )% 

Net revenue in 2015 was $60.8 million, down 25% compared with $81.2 million in 2014. Net revenue was lower in 2015 

primarily reflecting lower sales in our Identity, Credentials and All Other segments, partially offset by higher sales in our Premises 
segment. A more detailed discussion of revenues by segment follows below.    

Our products are sold to end customers in the government, enterprise and commercial markets to address vertical market 
segments including public services administration, military and defense, law enforcement, healthcare, education, banking, industrial, 
retail and critical infrastructure. 

In our Premises segment, we provide solutions and services that enable the issuance, management and use of secure identity 
credentials in diverse markets. Our Premises segment includes products to secure buildings via an integrated access control system, 
and includes MX controllers, Velocity management software and TS door readers. Our modular Hirsch MX controllers are designed to 
be scalable, allowing customers to start with a small system and expand over time. Hirsch MX controllers can operate autonomously, 
whether as a single controller or as part of a networked system with Velocity software. The Hirsch Velocity software platform enables 
centralized management of access and security operations across an organization, including control of doors, gates, turnstiles, 
elevators and other building equipment, monitoring users as they move around a facility, preventing unwanted access, maintaining 
compliance and providing a robust audit trail. uTrust door readers provide unique features to support a number of security 
environments and standards. For example, uTrust Scramblepad readers employ numerical scrambling on the keypad to protect access 
codes from being stolen as they are entered. uTrust TS readers support the majority of legacy card credentials with a robust next-
generation platform that can help companies migrate to more secure credentials and technologies, including smart cards, NFC and 
government-issued credentials. Because of the complex nature of the problems we address for our Premises solutions customers, 
pricing pressure is not prevalent in this segment. 

Net revenue in our Premises segment was $20.0 million in 2015, an increase of 5% from $19.0 million in 2014. The increase in 

2015 primarily was due to higher sales of physical access control solutions in the U.S., resulting from higher overall demand from U.S. 
Government customers compared to 2014.  

31 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
In our Identity segment, we offer products to secure enterprise information, including PCs, networks, email encryption, login, 

and printers via delivery of smart card reader products and identity management via our idOnDemand service. Identiv offers smart 
card readers - a broad range of contact, contactless and mobile smart card readers, tokens and terminals - to enable logical (i.e., PC, 
network or data) access and security and identification applications, such as national ID, payment, e-Health and e-Government. Our 
idOnDemand service can be used to provision (i.e., create and issue) and manage identity credentials.  

Net revenue in our Identity segment was $12.0 million in 2015, a decrease of 30% from $17.0 million in 2014. This decrease in 
Identity segment net revenue in 2015 was primarily the result of significant orders being received in 2014 from our German and Asian 
customers which were not repeated in 2015, and also reflects continuing economic uncertainty in the international markets we do 
business in as well as the negative impact of a strong U.S. dollar in 2015 compared to 2014.  

In our Credentials segment, we offer access cards and RFID and NFC products, including cards, inlays, labels, tags and stickers, 
as well as other RF components. These products are manufactured in our state-of-the-art facility in Singapore and are used in a diverse 
range of identity-based applications, including electronic entertainment, loyalty schemes, mobile payment, transit and event ticketing. 
In our RFID and NFC product business, there is a trend towards a higher overall average selling price as we sell a higher proportion of 
finished tickets and tags in addition to our inlays. The margins for access cards have been relatively stable. 

Net revenue in our Credentials segment was $27.3 million in 2015, down 34% from $41.6 million in 2014. The Credential net 
revenue decrease in 2015 was primarily due to the timing of the receipt of orders in North America and Europe for electronic game 
toy pieces and other Internet of Things applications.  

The All Other segment includes sales of our Chipdrive brand and Digital Media reader products.  

Net revenue in our All Other segment was $1.5 million in 2015, down 57% from $3.6 million in 2014. Digital Media reader 
product sales were down significantly in 2015 compared to 2014 and are expected to remain at low levels as certain customers are 
expected to exit this business. 

Gross Profit  

Gross profit for 2015 was $23.1 million, or 38% of revenues, compared to $33.5 million or 41% of revenues in 2014. Gross 

profit represents revenues less direct cost of product sales, manufacturing overhead, other costs directly related to preparing the 
product for sale including freight, scrap, inventory adjustments and amortization, where applicable. Gross profit margins were down in 
2015 primarily related to product mix with significantly higher sales in our lower-margin segments and inventory write downs and 
reserve adjustments. 

In our Premises segment, gross profit on sales of physical access control solutions, including panels, controllers, and access 

readers was $11.5 million in 2015 and $11.4 million in 2014. Gross profit was higher in 2015 as a direct result of higher sales in the 
Premises segment in 2014. Gross profit margins in the Premises segment were relatively stable ranging from 58% in 2015 to 60% in 
2014.  

In our Identity segment, gross profit on sales of information readers and modules as well as cloud-based credential provisioning 
and management services was $5.0 million in 2015 compared to $8.2 million in 2014. Gross profit was lower in 2015 as a direct result 
of lower sales in the Identity segment in 2014. Gross profit margins in the Identity segment were lower in 2015 at 42% compared to 
48% in 2014 due to product mix and the negative impact of absorbing fixed overhead over a smaller revenue base in the period. 

In our Credentials segment, gross profit on sales of RFID & NFC inlays and tags was $5.6 million in 2015 and $11.9 million in 
2014. Gross profit was lower in 2015 as a direct result of higher sales of transponders in the Credentials segment in 2014. Gross profit 
margins in the Credentials segment decreased from 29% in 2014 to 21% in 2015.  

We expect there will be some variation in our gross profit from period to period, as our gross profit has been and will continue 

to be affected by a variety of factors, including, without limitation, competition, product pricing, the volume of sales in any given 
quarter, manufacturing volumes, product configuration and mix, the availability of new products, product enhancements, software and 
services, risk of inventory write-downs and the cost and availability of components.  

32 

Operating Expenses 

Information about our operating expenses for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 is set forth below.  

Research and Development  

Research and development expenses 

Percentage of revenue 

Fiscal 
2015 

Fiscal 
2014 

  $ Change 

    % Change    

($ in thousands) 

  $ 

9,151      $ 
15 %     

6,902      $ 
8 %     

2,249       

32.6 % 

Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee compensation and fees for the development of hardware, 

software and firmware products. We focus the bulk of our research and development activities on the continued development of 
existing products and the development of new offerings for emerging market opportunities. 

Research and development expenses were higher in 2015 primarily due to the transfer of existing employees into research and 

development and the addition of new employees, leading to higher payroll costs and travel expenses, as well as higher costs for 
external services and contractors in 2015.   

Selling and Marketing  

Selling and marketing expenses 

Percentage of revenue 

Fiscal 
2015 

Fiscal 
2014 

  $ Change 

    % Change    

  $ 

20,236      $ 
33 %     

($ in thousands) 
20,635      $ 
25 %     

(399 )     

(1.9 )% 

Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee compensation as well as amortization expense of certain 

intangible assets, tradeshow participation, advertising and other marketing and selling costs.  

The level of selling and marketing expenses represents the stabilization of sales and marketing organization headcount and 

marketing program spending resulting from actions begun in 2013 to simplify our business structure and streamline our operations. 

General and Administrative  

General and administrative expenses 

Percentage of revenue 

Fiscal 
2015 

Fiscal 
2014 

  $ Change 

    % Change    

  $ 

19,604      $ 
32 %     

($ in thousands) 
12,751      $ 
16 %     

6,853       

53.7 % 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation expenses for employees performing administrative 

functions, and professional fees incurred for legal, auditing and other consulting services.  

General and administrative spending in 2015 increased from 2014 due to a large increase in legal and professional fees and 

increases in stock-based compensation.  

Earn-out and Impairment Charges 

Earn-out consideration 
Impairment of goodwill 

Fiscal 
2015 

Fiscal 
2014 

      $ Change 

      % Change   

($ in thousands) 

—     $ 
8,771     $ 

3,510     $ 
—     $ 

(3,510 )     
8,771     

—  
100%   

   $ 
   $ 

33 

 
   
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
    
         
  
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
    
       
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
    
       
   
 
  
  
     
  
  
 
 
Pursuant to the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement entered into on April 29, 2011 between the selling stockholders of 
idOnDemand, Inc. (the “idOnDemand Agreement”) and us, we accrued an earn-out obligation for the year ended December 31, 2014. 
The estimated earn-out consideration was calculated based on the achievement of specific financial and sales performance targets as 
defined in the idOnDemand Agreement. The earn-out consideration liability was settled during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 by the 
issuance of common stock to the selling shareholders. 

As detailed in Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements, under 

our accounting policy, we are required to perform an annual impairment review of our goodwill and an interim analysis of our long-
lived assets, when there are changes in our business that may indicate impairment of those assets.  

During the second quarter of 2015, we noted certain indicators of impairment, including a sustained decline in the price of our 

common stock and continued reduced performance in our Identity reporting unit. Based on the results of step one of the goodwill 
impairment analysis, we determined that the net adjusted carrying value exceeded the estimated fair value of the Identity reporting 
unit. As a result, we concluded that the carrying value of goodwill for our Identity reporting unit was fully impaired and recorded an 
impairment charge of approximately $1.0 million in our consolidated statements of operations during the second quarter of 2015.   

During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, our stock price declined significantly which resulted in a significant reduction in 
our fair value and market capitalization. The stock price declined from $3.64 as of October 1, 2015 to $1.99 as of December 31, 2015, 
and subsequently dropped further, reaching a low of $1.56 in February 2016. Additionally, our net losses continued in the quarter 
ended December 31, 2015, and we announced a worldwide restructuring plan designed to refocus resources on our core business 
segments and to consolidate operations in several worldwide locations. As a result, we performed an impairment test and determined 
that our goodwill was fully impaired based on qualitative factors as the net fair value of the company exceeded its carrying value. As a 
result, we recorded an impairment charge of $7.8 million in our consolidated statement of operations in the fourth quarter of 2015. 

In December 2014, we performed our annual goodwill impairment test and found no potential indicators of impairment. In 

addition, our assessments of long-lived assets during 2015 and 2014 found no indicators of impairment during the years ended 
December 31, 2015 and 2014.  

Restructuring and Severance Charges  

Fiscal 
2015 

Fiscal 
2014 

     $ Change 

     % Change    

($ in thousands) 

Restructuring and severance 

  $ 

1,266     $ 

3,098     $ 

(1,832 )     

(59.1 )% 

Beginning in the first quarter of 2014, certain employees related to non-core functions were terminated, the process of 
transferring corporate financial accounting and reporting from Germany to the U.S. commenced and certain manufacturing facilities 
were scheduled to close with activities consolidated within existing facilities. As a result, we recorded restructuring and severance 
charges of $3.1 million primarily related to restructuring, severance and other closure related costs in 2014. During 2015, we recorded 
an additional $1.3 million in severance costs, as part of management’s continuing efforts to simplify business operations. 

See Note 11, Restructuring and Severance in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements for more 

information.  

Non-operating Income (Expense)  

Information about our non-operating income (expense) for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 is set forth 

below. 

Interest expense, net 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net 

Fiscal 
2015 

Fiscal 
2014 

     $ Change 

     % Change    

  $ 
  $ 

(1,908 )   $ 
(1,211 )   $ 

($ in thousands) 
(3,619 )   $ 
(1,270 )   $ 

1,711       
59       

(47.3 )% 
(4.6 )% 

34 

 
 
  
 
    
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
    
  
  
  
Interest Expense, Net  

Interest expense, net consists of interest on financial liabilities and interest accretion expense for a liability to a former related 

party arising from our acquisition of Hirsch Electronics Corporation (“Hirsch”), offset by interest earned on invested cash. The higher 
net interest expense in 2014 is due to our entry into a bank term loan and revolving loan facility on March 31, 2014 with Opus Bank 
(“Opus”) and repayment of all outstanding amounts under the secured debt facility with Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc. 
(“Hercules”). In connection with the repayment of our secured debt facility with Hercules, we recorded a $1.6 million charge to 
interest expense in 2014 in our consolidated statement of operations. The $1.6 million charge to interest expense included $0.9 million 
related to write-off of deferred costs, $0.6 million related to write-off of discounts on the secured note and $0.1 million related to 
prepayment fees as stipulated in the Hercules agreement and forfeiture of a facility charge paid at the inception of the agreement. 

See Note 7, Long-Term Payment Obligation and Note 8, Financial Liabilities in the accompanying notes to our consolidated 

financial statements for more information on our interest expense and financial obligations.  

Foreign Currency (Losses) Gains, Net  

We recorded net foreign currency losses of $1.2 million and $1.3 million in the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, 
respectively. Changes in currency valuation in the periods mainly were the result of exchange rate movements between the U.S. dollar 
and the euro and the Swiss franc and their impact on the valuation of intercompany transaction balances. Accordingly, they are 
predominantly non-cash items. Our foreign currency gains and losses primarily result from the valuation of current assets and 
liabilities denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the respective entity in the local financial statements. 

Income Taxes  

Income tax provision 

Fiscal 
2015 

Fiscal 
2014 

      $ Change 

      % Change    

  $ 

(222 )   $ 

($ in thousands) 
(95 )   $ 

(127 )     

133.7 % 

Our tax rate is affected by recurring items, such as tax rates in foreign jurisdictions and the relative amount of income (loss) we 
earn in jurisdictions, which we expect to be fairly consistent in the near term. It is also affected by discrete items that may occur in any 
given year, but are not consistent from year to year. The following items had the most significant impact on the difference between our 
statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 34% and our effective tax rate in fiscal years 2015 and 2014.  

2015 – A reduction of $11.7 million, or 30.1% to the statutory rate resulted from changes in valuation allowance during the 
year. A reduction of $2.6 million, or 6.8% resulted from the impairment of goodwill, and an addition of $1.3 million, or 3.5% resulted 
from rate differences between U.S. and non-U.S. jurisdictions. No U.S. taxes were provided with respect to undistributed earnings of 
foreign subsidiaries as these earnings are intended to be indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. Significant jurisdictions 
causing this difference are Germany and Singapore. The net effect of all changes was an income tax expense of $0.1 million recorded 
in 2015.  

2014 – A reduction of $3.9 million, or 27.0% to the statutory rate resulted from changes in valuation allowance during the 
year, A reduction of $1.1 million, or 6.8% resulted from the settlement of the earn-out consideration liability, and a reduction of $0.9 
million, or 5.5%, resulted from rate differences between U.S. and non-U.S. jurisdictions. No U.S. taxes were provided with respect to 
undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries as these earnings are intended to be indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. 
Significant jurisdictions causing this difference are Germany and Singapore. The net effect of all changes was an income tax expense 
of $0.1 million recorded in 2014. 

Discontinued Operations  

In November 2013, we committed to a plan to sell our Multicard US business and completed the sale of this business on 
February 4, 2014. Additionally, we entered into an asset purchase agreement to sell certain non-core assets related to one of our 
subsidiaries to a former employee in June 2014 and completed the sale of these non-core assets in July 2014. All of these businesses 
(collectively, our “divested businesses”) have been accounted for as discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated statements 
of operations. 

No net revenue was recorded for the divested businesses in 2015 and $1.3 million was recorded in 2014. No income from 

discontinued operations before income taxes was recorded in 2015 and $0.5 million was recorded in 2014.   

35 

 
  
  
     
  
  
  
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources  

As of December 31, 2015, our working capital, defined as current assets less current liabilities, was $25.1 million, a decrease of 
$16.9 million compared to $42.0 million as of December 31, 2014. The decrease in working capital reflects a net loss of $39.2 million 
and changes in operating assets and liabilities negatively impacting our liquidity of $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, 
partially offset by non-cash adjustments of $17.5 million. As of December 31, 2015, our cash balance was $16.7 million. 

The following summarizes our cash flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):  

Net cash used in operating activities 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 
Net cash provided by financing activities 
Effect of exchange rates on cash 
Net decrease in cash 
Cash, beginning of year 
Add: Cash of discontinued operations, at beginning of year 
Less: Cash of discontinued  operations, end of year 
Cash, end of year 

Years Ended December 31, 
2014 
2015 

   $ 

   $ 

(23,003 )    $ 
(341 )      
2,131        
1,333        
(19,880 )      
36,547        
—        
—        
16,667      $ 

(11,733 ) 
84   
41,909   
1,176   
31,436   
5,095   
16   
—   
36,547   

Significant commitments that will require the use of cash in future periods include obligations under operating leases, our 
contractual payment obligation assumed upon our acquisition of Hirsch, secured note and revolver, purchase commitments and other 
obligations. Gross committed operating lease obligations are $4.1 million, our contractual payment obligation assumed upon our 
acquisition of Hirsch is $6.7 million, the bank term loan, revolving loan facility and interest related obligation is $19.7 million, and 
purchase commitments and other obligations are $8.2 million at December 31, 2015. Total commitments due within one year are $9.0 
million and due thereafter are $29.7 million at December 31, 2015. These commitment levels are based on existing terms of our 
operating leases, obligations with suppliers, our contractual payment obligation and the existing credit agreement with Opus as of 
December 31, 2015.  

Cash used in operating activities for 2015 primarily was due to the net loss of $39.2 million and decreases in cash from net 
changes in operating assets and liabilities of $1.3 million which was partially offset by adjustments for certain non-cash items of $17.5 
million which primarily consisted of impairment of goodwill, depreciation, amortization, amortization of debt issue costs and stock-
based compensation. For 2014, cash used in operating activities primarily was due to the net loss of $17.9 million and a decrease in 
cash from net changes in operating assets and liabilities of $4.9 million, which were partially offset be adjustments for certain non-
cash items of $11.1 million. 

Cash used in investing activities for 2015 reflects $0.3 million in capital expenditures. For 2014, cash provided by investing 

activities reflects $1.4 million in proceeds on sale of discontinued operations, offset by $1.3 million in capital expenditures. 

Cash provided by financing activities reflects an additional $4.0 million in proceeds from debt borrowings less cash used to 
repurchase common stock of $1.9 million. For the year ended December 31, 2014, cash provided by financing activities primarily 
reflects $14.3 million net cash proceeds from borrowings of debt, less repayments to Opus and $35.8 million net cash proceeds from 
sales of common stock, partially offset by cash payments of $6.7 million for financial liabilities related to a debt facility repaid in full 
on March 31, 2014 and $1.7 million for the repurchase of common stock during the year.  

We consider the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries, if any, as of December 31, 2015, to be indefinitely reinvested 

and, accordingly, no U.S. income taxes have been provided thereon. Generally most of our foreign subsidiaries have accumulated 
deficits and cash and cash equivalents that are held outside the United States are typically not cash generated from earnings that would 
be subject to tax upon repatriation if transferred to the United States. We have access to the cash held outside the United States to fund 
domestic operations and obligations without any material income tax consequences. As of December 31, 2015, the amount of cash 
included at such subsidiaries was $2.2 million. We have not, nor do we anticipate the need to, repatriate funds to the United States to 
satisfy domestic liquidity needs arising in the ordinary course of business, including liquidity needs associated with our domestic debt 
service requirements.  

On October 30, 2012, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Hercules. The Loan 
Agreement provided for a term loan in aggregate principal amount of up to $10.0 million with an initial drawdown of $7.5 million. 
The initial drawdown of $7.5 million was secured by a secured term promissory note dated October 30, 2012. As discussed below, we 
repaid all outstanding amounts under the Loan Agreement in connection with the closing of the Credit Agreement with Opus on 

36 

  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
March 31, 2014. See Note 8 Financial Liabilities in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements for more 
information.  

On April 16, 2013, we entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with LPC, pursuant to which we have the 

right to sell to LPC up to $20 million in shares of our common stock, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the 
Purchase Agreement. We directed LPC to purchase 496,500 shares of common stock from January 1, 2014 through September 30, 
2014 for net consideration of $4.2 million. See Note 4 Stockholders’ Equity, in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial 
statements for more information.  

On March 31, 2014, we entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Opus. The Credit Agreement provides 
for a term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million (“Term Loan”) which was drawn down on March 31, 2014, and an 
additional $10.0 million revolving loan facility (“Revolving Loan Facility”), of which $4.0 million was drawn down on March 31, 
2014 and an additional $2.0 million was drawn down during the three months ended June 30, 2014. In connection with the closing of 
the Credit Agreement, we repaid all outstanding amounts under the Loan Agreement with Hercules. The proceeds of the Term Loan 
and the initial loans under the Revolving Loan Facility, after payment of fees to Opus and expenses and all outstanding amounts under 
the Loan Agreement, were approximately $7.8 million. Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all 
assets of the Company. On November 10, 2014 and on December 4, 2015, we amended the Credit Agreement with Opus (the 
“Amended Credit Agreement”) which changes a number of terms of the Credit Agreement including interest charged, the monthly 
installment payment schedule, the maximum amount available under the revolving loan facility and the maturity date as well as certain 
other terms and conditions. See Note 8 Financial Liabilities, in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements for 
more information.   

On December 4, 2015, we entered into an amendment (the “Credit Amendment”) to our Credit Agreement with Opus. The 

Credit Amendment amended and restated Section 7.11(a) Financial Covenants to read as follows: “Tangible Net Worth. Permit the 
sum of the Consolidated Tangible Net Worth plus the amount shown on the Borrower’s current balance sheet for the 1994 Settlement 
Agreement to be less than the sum of $8,000,000 plus, an amount equal to 50% of the amount of any Cash proceeds from any equity 
or Subordinated Debt issued by the Borrower after December 1, 2015 as of the end of any fiscal quarter of the Borrower measured 
quarterly beginning at the end of the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2015.” In addition, Opus waived any Default or Event of 
Default arising under the Credit Agreement due to our the failure to comply with the requirements of Section 7.11(a) of the Credit 
Agreement (Tangible Net Worth) for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. 

As of December 31, 2015, we were in compliance with the financial covenants in the Credit Agreement. 

On September 16, 2014, we sold 2,300,000 shares of our common stock in an underwritten public offering at $15.00 per share 

and also granted the underwriter a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 300,000 shares of common stock to cover 
overallotments, if any. We received net proceeds of approximately $31.6 million after deducting the underwriting discount and 
estimated offering expenses payable. See Note 4 Stockholders’ Equity, in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial 
statements for more information. 

We have historically incurred operating losses and negative cash flows from operating activities, and we expect to continue to 
incur losses for the foreseeable future. As of December 31, 2015, we have a total accumulated deficit of $377.8 million. During the 
year ended December 31, 2015, we sustained a consolidated net loss of $39.2 million. We expect to use a significant amount of cash 
in our operations over the next twelve months for our operating activities and servicing of financial liabilities, including increased 
investment in marketing and sales capabilities to drive revenue growth, and continued investment in our cloud-based services, 
physical access control solutions, smart card reader products and RFID and NFC products.   

We believe our raising of funds through public and private offerings of equity securities and the increase in our line of credit 

with Opus provides sufficient working capital to fund operations for the next 12 months.  Over the longer term, we believe our 
existing cash balance, together with available credit under our Amended Credit Agreement with Opus and our ability to raise capital 
through public and private offerings will be sufficient to satisfy our working capital needs to fund operations. However, there can be 
no assurance that additional capital, if required, will be available to us or that such capital will be available to us on acceptable terms. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements  

We have not entered into off-balance sheet arrangements, or issued guarantees to third parties.  

37 

Contractual Obligations  

The following summarizes expected cash requirements for contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):  

Operating leases 
Contractual payment obligation 
Financial liabilities 
Purchase commitments and other obligations 

Total obligations 

  $ 

   Total 
  $ 

Less than 1 
Year 

1-3 
Years 

3-5 
Years 

More 
than 5 
Years 

4,125     $ 
6,722       
19,669       
8,168       
38,684     $ 

1,737     $ 
1,160       
884       
8,162       
11,943     $ 

1,621     $ 
2,448       
18,785       
6       
22,860     $ 

657     $ 
2,742       
—       
—       
3,399     $ 

110   
372   
—   
—   
482   

Our contractual payment obligation was assumed upon our acquisition of Hirsch. See Note 7, Contractual Payment Obligation, 

in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements.  

Financial liabilities in the above contractual obligations table include payments to be made for principal and interest in 
accordance with the terms at December 31, 2015 of the Credit Agreement we entered into with Opus as amended on November 10, 
2014 and December 4, 2015. See Note 9, Financial Liabilities, in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements.  

We lease facilities, certain equipment, and automobiles under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Purchases for 
inventories are highly dependent upon forecasts of customer demand. Due to the uncertainty in demand from our customers, we may 
have to change, reschedule, or cancel purchases or purchase orders from our suppliers. These changes may lead to vendor cancellation 
charges on these orders or contractual commitments. See Note 14, Commitments and Contingencies, in the accompanying notes to our 
consolidated financial statements.  

Our other long-term liabilities include gross unrecognized tax benefits, and related interest and penalties. At this time, we are 
unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years in connection with these tax liabilities. 
Accordingly, such amounts are not included in the contractual obligation table above.  

Critical Accounting Policies 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the 

United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to 
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical 
experience and on various other factors which we believe are reasonable based upon the information available to us at the time these 
estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or 
conditions. Management believes the following critical accounting policies contain our more significant judgments and estimates used 
in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements: 

•  Revenue Recognition; 
• 

Inventory Valuation; 

Income Taxes; 

• 
•  Goodwill; 
• 

Intangible and Long-lived Assets; and 

•  Stock-based Compensation. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria have been met: 
• 

Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists. We generally rely upon sales contracts or agreements, and customer 
purchase orders to determine the existence of an arrangement.  

• 

Delivery has occurred. We use shipping terms and related documents, or written evidence of customer acceptance, when 
applicable, to verify delivery or performance.  

38 

  
  
     
     
     
     
  
    
    
    
• 

• 

Sales price is fixed or determinable. We assess whether the sales price is fixed or determinable based on the payment 
terms and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment.  

Collectability is reasonably assured. We assess collectability based on creditworthiness of customers as determined by 
credit checks and customer payment histories. We record accounts receivable net of allowance for doubtful accounts, 
estimated customer returns, and pricing credits.  

We recognize revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification 

(ASC) ASC 605-25, Revenue Recognition – Multiple Element Arrangements, and, in certain transactions, ASC 985 Software – Revenue 
Recognition. 

In multiple-element arrangements, some sales arrangement are accounted for under the software provisions of ASC 985-605 and 

others under the provisions that relate to the sale of non-software products. 

In multiple-element arrangements that include a hardware, bundled with professional services, maintenance contracts, and in 
some cases with its software products, we evaluate each element, delivered and undelivered, in an arrangement to determine whether it 
represents a separate unit of accounting. In these multiple element arrangements, revenue is allocated among all elements, delivered 
and undelivered, based on a vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”), if available, third-party evidence (“TPE”) if VSOE is not 
available, or estimated selling price (“ESP”) if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. VSOE of selling price is based on the price 
charged when the element is sold separately. TPE of selling price is established by evaluating largely interchangeable competitor 
products or services in stand-alone sales to similarly situated customers. The best estimate of selling price is established considering 
multiple factors, including pricing practices in different geographies and through different sales channels, gross margin objectives, 
internal costs, competitor pricing strategies and industry technology lifecycles. Some of our offerings contain a significant element of 
proprietary technology and provide substantially unique features and functionality; as a result, the comparable pricing of products with 
similar functionality typically cannot be obtained. Additionally, as we are unable to reliably determine what competitors products’ 
selling prices are on a stand-alone basis, typically we are not able to determine TPE for such products. Therefore ESP is used for such 
products in the selling price hierarchy for allocating the total arrangement consideration. 

In multiple-element arrangements that include software, we account for each element under the standards of ASC 985-605 

related to software. When software is a delivered element, we use the residual method (ASC 605-25) for determining the amount of 
revenue to recognize for the delivered software component if VSOE for all of the undelivered elements has been established. In sales 
arrangements where VSOE of fair value has not been established, revenue for all elements is deferred and amortized over the life of 
the arrangement. 

Revenue from professional services contracts is recognized upon completion of services and customer acceptance, if applicable. 

Professional services include security system integration, system migration and database conversion services. Revenue from 
maintenance contracts is deferred and recognized ratably over the period of the maintenance contracts. Certain sales arrangement 
contains hardware, software and professional service elements where professional services are essential to the functionality of the 
hardware and software system and a test of the functionality of the complete system is required before the customer accepts the 
system. As a result, hardware, software and professional service elements are accounted for as one unit of accounting and revenue 
from these arrangements is recognized upon completion of the project.   

Inventory Valuation 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (using FIFO, average cost or standard cost, as applicable) or market (net realizable 
value). We typically plan our production and inventory levels based on internal forecasts of customer demand, which can be highly 
unpredictable and can fluctuate significantly. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and record an estimated provision for 
excess inventory reserve based on judgment and assumptions involving an evaluation of technical obsolescence and our ability to sell 
based primarily on historical sales patterns and expectations for future demand. Actual demand and market conditions may differ from 
the projections utilized by management in establishing our inventory reserves. If we were to use different assumptions or utilize 
different estimates, the amount and timing of our inventory reserves could be materially different. Adverse changes in our inventory 
reserve valuations could have a material effect on our operating results and financial position. 

Income Taxes 

Our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management’s 
assessment of estimated current and future income taxes to be paid. We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and 
numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgments and estimates are required in determining the consolidated income tax expense, 
deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits.  

39 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their 
reported amounts in the financial statements, which are expected to result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future. In evaluating 
our ability to recover our deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, for all material jurisdictions, we consider all 
available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax balances, projected future taxable income, tax-
planning strategies and results of recent operations. In projecting future taxable income, we begin with historical results adjusted for 
the results of discontinued operations and incorporate assumptions about the amount of future state, federal and foreign pretax 
operating income adjusted for items that do not have tax consequences. The assumptions about future taxable income require 
significant judgment and are consistent with the plans and estimates we use to manage the underlying businesses. In evaluating the 
objective evidence that historical results provide, we consider three years of cumulative operating results.  

As of December 31, 2015, we have federal and state income tax net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards of 89.7 million and 

$17.6 million, respectively, which will expire at various dates starting in 2015. Such NOL carryforwards expire as follows (in 
thousands):  

Years 
2016 - 2021 
2022 - 2027 
2028 - 2033 
2034 - 2037 
Total 

Amounts 

8,146   
58,987   
27,915   
12,267   
107,315   

   $ 

   $ 

We believe that it is more likely than not that the benefit from these NOL carryforwards will not be realized. Accordingly, we 

have provided a full valuation allowance on any potential deferred tax assets relating to these state NOL carryforwards. If our 
assumptions change and we determine we will be able to realize these NOLs, the tax benefits relating to any reversal of the valuation 
allowance on deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2015, will be accounted for as a reduction of income tax expense.  

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves evaluating uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a 

multitude of jurisdictions across our global operations. ASC 740 states that a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be 
recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of any related 
appeals or litigation processes, on the basis of the technical merits.  

We (1) record unrecognized tax benefits as liabilities in accordance with ASC 740 and (2) adjust these liabilities when our 

judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Because of the complexity of some of 
these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a tax payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the 
unrecognized tax benefit liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in 
which new information is made available.  

We believe that none of the unrecognized tax benefits, excluding the associated interest and penalties, which are insignificant, 

may be recognized by the end of 2015.  

We consider the earnings of all our non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the United States on the basis of 

estimates that future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to meet future domestic cash needs and our specific plans for 
reinvestment of those subsidiary earnings. Should we decide to repatriate foreign earnings, we would need to adjust our income tax 
provision in the period we determined that the earnings will no longer be indefinitely invested outside the United States. 

Goodwill 

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets 
acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not subject to amortization but is subject to an annual assessment, at a minimum, for 
impairment in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”). Impairment of goodwill is tested at the 
reporting unit level, which is one level below its operating segment. We evaluate goodwill on an annual basis in the fourth quarter and 
on an interim basis whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be 
recoverable. We perform interim goodwill impairment reviews between our annual reviews if certain events and circumstances have 
occurred, including a deterioration in general economic conditions, an increased competitive environment, a change in management, 
key personnel, strategy or customers, negative or declining cash flows, or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings compared 
with actual and projected results.  

To test goodwill for impairment, we first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that 

the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If it is determined it is more likely than not that the fair value of a 
reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we test for goodwill impairment using a two-step method as required by ASC 350. The 
first step of the impairment test compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the 

40 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, goodwill is considered impaired and a second step is performed to measure 
the amount of the impairment loss, if any. The second step of the impairment test compares the implied fair value of goodwill to the 
carrying value of goodwill and an impairment loss is recognized equal to that difference (i.e., write goodwill down to the implied fair 
value of goodwill amount).  

Fair value of the reporting units is determined using the income, or discounted cash flows approach (“DCF model”) and the 
reasonableness of such fair value calculations is reviewed using the market approach, which utilizes comparable firms in similar lines 
of business that are publicly traded or which are part of a public or private transaction. The completion of the DCF model requires that 
we make a number of significant assumptions to produce an estimate of future cash flows. These assumptions include, but are not 
limited to, projections of future revenue, gross profit rates, working capital requirements, and discount rates. In determining an 
appropriate discount rate for each reporting unit we make assumptions about the estimated cost of capital and relevant risks, as 
appropriate. The projections that we use in our DCF model are updated at least annually and change over time based on historical 
performance and changing business conditions for each of our reporting units. The determination of whether goodwill is impaired 
involves a significant level of judgment in establishing our assumptions.  Changes in our business strategy, government regulations, 
economic or market conditions could significantly impact these judgments.  

We believe the methodology that we use to review impairment of goodwill, which includes a significant amount of judgment 

and estimates, provides us with a reasonable basis to determine whether impairment has occurred. However, many of the factors 
employed in determining whether our goodwill is impaired are outside of our control and it is reasonably likely that assumptions and 
estimates will change in future periods. Changes in these factors such as a severe decline in market conditions could result in future 
impairments to goodwill which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Intangible and Long-lived Assets 

We evaluate our long-lived assets and certain identifiable amortizable intangible assets for impairment in accordance with ASC 

360, Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 360”) whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of 
such assets or intangibles may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the 
carrying amount of an asset to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset group. If such asset groups are 
considered to be impaired (i.e., if the sum of its estimated future undiscounted cash flows used to test for recoverability is less than its 
carrying value), the impairment loss to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group 
exceeds the fair value of the asset groups. Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the 
estimated useful lives of the related assets.  

Stock-based Compensation 

We recognize stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards in accordance with ASC 718, 

Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Stock-based compensation expense for expected-to-vest awards is valued under 
the single-option approach and amortized on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures. We utilize the Black-Scholes-Merton 
option-pricing model in order to determine the fair value of stock-based option awards. The Black-Scholes-Merton model requires 
various highly subjective assumptions including volatility, expected option life, and risk-free interest rate. The assumptions used in 
calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards represent management’s best estimates. These estimates involve inherent 
uncertainties and the application of management judgment. If factors change and different assumptions are used, our stock-based 
compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In addition, we are required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate 
and recognize expense only for those expected-to-vest shares. If our actual forfeiture rate is materially different from our estimate, our 
recorded stock-based compensation expense and operating results could be different.   

Recent Accounting Pronouncements  

In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-05, 

“Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement” (ASU 2015-05”), which clarifies the circumstances 
under which a cloud computing customer would account for the arrangement as a license of internal-use software. ASU 2015-05 is 
effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-05 
will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” (“ASU 2015-03”), which 

changes the presentation of debt issuance costs on the balance sheet by requiring entities to present such costs as a direct deduction 
from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. ASU 2015-03 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning 
after December 15, 2015. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-03 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial 
statements. 

41 

In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-01, “Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of 

Extraordinary Items” (“ASU 2015-01”). Under ASU 2015-01, an entity will no longer be allowed to separately disclose extraordinary 
items, net of tax, in the income statement after income from continuing operations if an event or transaction is unusual in nature and 
occurs infrequently. ASU 2015-01 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015 with early 
adoption permitted. Upon adoption, we may elect prospective or retrospective application. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 
2015-01 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity's Ability to Continue as a 

Going Concern”, (“ASU 2014-15”), which requires management to perform interim and annual assessments on whether there are 
conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the 
financial statements are issued and to provide related disclosures, if required.  The amendments in ASU 2014-15 are effective for the 
annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter.  Early adoption is permitted. We are 
currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on our consolidated financial statements. 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers" (“ASU 2014-09”), which 
supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize 
revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity 
expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing 
so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. 
In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2015-14”), which 
defer the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting 
periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 
2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The new guidance is effective for us beginning January 1, 2018 
and will provide us additional time to evaluate the method and impact that ASU 2014-09 will have on our consolidated financial 
statements. 

ITEM 7A. 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk  

We are primarily exposed to changes in currency exchange rates as certain of our operations are conducted in foreign currencies 

such as the euro, Swiss franc, Australian dollar and Japanese yen.  

Economic Exposure  

We transact business in various foreign currencies and have significant international revenues, as well as costs denominated in 
foreign currencies. This exposes us to the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. Our objective is to identify material 
foreign currency exposures and to manage these exposures to minimize the potential effects of currency fluctuations on our reported 
consolidated cash flow and results of operations.  

Transaction Exposure  

Our exposure to foreign currency transaction gains and losses is the result of assets and liabilities, (including inter-company 
transactions) that are denominated in currencies other than the relevant entity’s functional currency. In certain circumstances, changes 
in the functional currency value of these assets and liabilities create fluctuations in our reported consolidated statements of financial 
position, consolidated statements of operations, and consolidated statements of cash flows. We have performed sensitivity analyses as 
of December 31, 2015 and 2014 using a modeling technique that evaluated the hypothetical impact of a 10% movement in the value of 
the U.S. dollar compared to the functional currency of the subsidiary, with all other variables held constant, to determine the 
incremental transaction gains or losses that would have been incurred. The foreign exchange rates used were based on market rates in 
effect at each of December 31, 2015 and 2014. The results of this hypothetical sensitivity analysis indicated that the impact on a 
hypothetical 10% movement in foreign currency exchange rates would result in increased foreign currency gains or losses of $0.3 
million for 2015 and 2014. 

Translation Exposure  

We are also exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations as we convert the financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries and 

our investments in equity interests into U.S. dollars in consolidation. If there is a change in foreign currency exchange rates, the 
conversion of the foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements into U.S. dollars results in a gain or loss which is recorded as a component 
of accumulated other comprehensive income in our consolidated statements of equity.  

42 

 
With respect to our international operations, we have re-measured accounts which are denominated in the non-

functional currencies into the functional currency of the subsidiary and recorded the resulting gains (losses) within foreign currency 
gains (losses), net in our consolidated statements of operations. We re-measure all monetary assets and liabilities at the current 
exchange rate at the end of the period, non-monetary assets and liabilities at historical exchange rates, and revenue and expenses at 
average exchange rates in effect during the periods.  

Fixed Income Investments  

We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio. We do, however, limit our exposure to interest rate 

and credit risk by establishing and strictly monitoring clear policies and guidelines for our fixed income portfolios. At the present 
time, the maximum duration of any investment in our portfolio is limited to less than one year. The guidelines also establish credit 
quality standards, limits on exposure to one issue or issuer, as well as to the type of instrument. Due to the limited duration and credit 
risk criteria we have established, our exposure to market and credit risk is not expected to be material.  

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had $16.7 million and $36.5 million, respectively, in cash and no cash equivalents or short-

term investments. 

43 

 
 
ITEM 8. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements  

Page 
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms .............................................................................................................   45 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 .......................................................................................................   47 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 ...............................................................   48 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 ...............................................   49 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 ..............................................   50 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 .............................................................   51 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ........................................................................................................................................   52 

44 

 
  
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM  

To the Board of Directors and  
Stockholders of Identiv, Inc. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Identiv, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 
31, 2015 and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year 
ended December 31, 2015.  These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of 
material misstatement.  The company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over 
financial reporting.  Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit 
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on 
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our 
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
Identiv, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended 
December 31, 2015, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

/s/ Burr Pilger Mayer, Inc. 

San Jose, California 

March 30, 2016 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM  

Board of Directors and Stockholders 
Identiv, Inc. 
Fremont, California 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Identiv, Inc. as of December 31, 2014 and the related consolidated 
statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2014.  These 
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these 
financial statements based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of 
material misstatement.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over 
financial reporting.  Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit 
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on 
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our 
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
Identiv, Inc. at December 31, 2014, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2014, in 
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

/s/ BDO USA, LLP 

San Jose, California 

March 23, 2015 

46 

 
IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS  
(In thousands, except par value)  

ASSETS 

Current assets: 
Cash 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $346 and $156 as of December 31, 2015 
   and 2014, respectively 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses 
Other current assets 

Total current assets 

Property and equipment, net 
Goodwill 
Intangible assets, net 
Other assets 
Total assets 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS´ EQUITY 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable 
Earn-out liability 
Current portion - payment obligation 
Deferred revenue 
Accrued compensation and related benefits 
Other accrued expenses and liabilities 

Total current liabilities 

Long-term payment obligation 
Long-term financial liabilities 
Other long-term liabilities 
Total liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies (see Note 14) 
Stockholders´ equity: 

Identiv, Inc. stockholders' equity: 

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value: 10,000 shares authorized; none issued and 
   outstanding 
Common stock, $0.001 par value: 130,000 shares authorized; 

11,365 and 10,884 shares issued and 10,747 and 10,640 shares outstanding as of 
   December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively 

Additional paid-in capital 
Treasury stock, 618 and 244 shares as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively 
Accumulated deficit 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Total Identiv, Inc. stockholders' equity 

Noncontrolling interest 

Total liabilities and stockholders´equity 

Total stockholders´ equity 

December 31, 

2015 

2014 

$ 

16,667     $ 

36,547   

7,915       
14,726       
841       
1,125       
41,274       
4,218       
—       
7,275       
1,129       
53,896     $ 

6,280     $ 
—       
681       
1,515       
1,905       
5,835       
16,216       
4,878       
18,104       
508       
39,706       

13,612   
9,254   
1,002   
1,200   
61,615   
5,311   
8,853   
8,730   
1,371   
85,880   

8,372   
3,510   
635   
508   
2,139   
4,471   
19,635   
5,545   
13,938   
630   
39,748   

—       

—   

11       
396,407       
(6,487 )     
(377,814 )     
2,229       
14,346       
(156 )     
14,190       
53,896     $ 

11   
389,401   
(4,572 ) 
(338,670 ) 
1,699   
47,869   
(1,737 ) 
46,132   
85,880   

$ 

$ 

$ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.  

47 

   
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
       
  
  
  
  
       
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
       
  
  
    
        
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
        
  
    
        
  
    
        
  
  
    
        
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  
(In thousands, except per share data)  

Net revenue 
Cost of revenue 

Gross profit 
Operating expenses: 

Research and development 
Selling and marketing 
General and administrative 
Earn-out consideration 
Impairment of goodwill 
Restructuring and severance 

Total operating expenses 

Loss from operations 
Non-operating income (expense): 

Interest expense, net 
Foreign currency losses, net 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and noncontrolling interest 

Income tax provision 

Loss from continuing operations before noncontrolling interest 
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes 

Consolidated net loss 

Less: Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 
Net loss attributable to Identiv, Inc. common stockholders 
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to Identiv, Inc. common 
stockholders: 

Loss from continuing operations 
Income from discontinued operations 
Net loss 

Weighted average shares used to compute basic and diluted loss per share 

Years Ended 
December 31, 

2015 

2014 

60,794      $ 
37,645        
23,149        

9,151        
20,236        
19,604        
—        
8,771        
1,266        
59,028        
(35,879 )      

(1,908 )      
(1,211 )      
(38,998 )      
(222 )      
(39,220 )      
—        
(39,220 )      
76        
(39,144 )    $ 

(3.62 )    $ 
-        
(3.62 )    $ 
10,812        

81,249   
47,793   
33,456   

6,902   
20,635   
12,751   
3,510   
—   
3,098   
46,896   
(13,440 ) 

(3,619 ) 
(1,270 ) 
(18,329 ) 
(95 ) 
(18,424 ) 
521   
(17,903 ) 
109   
(17,794 ) 

(2.12 ) 
0.06   
(2.06 ) 
8,648   

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

48 

   
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
        
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
        
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
        
   
    
    
 
 
 
IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS  
(In thousands)  

Consolidated net loss 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes: 

Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Foreign currency translation reclassified into net loss upon acquisition of 
noncontrolling interest 

Total other comprehensive income, net of income taxes 

Consolidated comprehensive loss 

Less: Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest 

Comprehensive loss attributable to Identiv, Inc. common stockholders 

   $ 

Years Ended December 31, 

2015 

2014 

   $ 

(39,220 )    $ 

(17,903 ) 

971        

594   

(444 )      
527        
(38,693 )      
79        
(38,614 )    $ 

—   
594   
(17,309 ) 
(13 ) 
(17,322 ) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.  

49 

  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY  
 (In thousands; except par value) 

Identiv, Inc. Stockholders´ Equity 

Balances, January 1, 2014 
Net loss 
Other comprehensive income 
Issuance of common stock in 
   connection with equity 
offerings, 
   net of issuance costs 
Issuance of common stock in 
   connection with ESPP 
Issuance of common stock in 
   connection with stock bonus 
   and incentive plans 
Stock option grants in 
   connection with stock bonus 
   and incentive plans 
Issuance of common stock in 
   connection with exercise of 
   options and warrants 
Stock-based compensation 
   expense 
Modification of equity awards 
Issuance of warrants 
Repurchase of common stock 
Balances, December 31, 2014 
Net loss 
Other comprehensive income 
Issuance of common stock in 
   connection with settlement 
   of earn-out 
Issuance of common stock to 
   acquire share of 
   noncontrolling interest 
Issuance of common stock in 
   connection with exercise of 
   options and warrants 
Stock-based compensation 
   expense 
Repurchase of common stock 
Balances, December 31, 2015 

Common Stock 

     Additional        
      Paid-in 
   Shares        Amount        Capital 
     7,445     $ 
     —       
     —       

—       
—       

     Treasury      Accumulated      Comprehensive      Noncontrolling     Total 
      Stock 
    Equity 

      Deficit 

Interest 

Income 

8     $ 348,912     $  (2,777 )   $  (320,876 )   $ 
(17,794 )     
—       

—        —       
—        —       

1,227     $ 
—       
472       

(1,750 )     24,744   
(109 )    (17,903 ) 
594   
122      

Accumulated 
Other 

     2,803       

3        35,752        —       

—       

7       

—       

35        —       

—       

—       

—       

—       35,755   

—      

35   

42       

—       

428        —       

—       

—       

—      

428   

     —       

—       

68        —       

—       

—       

—      

68   

520       

—       

869        —       

—       

—       

—      

869   

5       
     —       
     —       
(182 )     
    10,640       
     —       
     —       

—       
1,877        —       
—       
—       
350        —       
—       
—       
1,110        —       
—       
—       
—       
—        (1,795 )     
11       389,401        (4,572 )      (338,670 )     
(39,144 )     
—        —       
—       
—       
—        —       
—       

—       
—       
—       
—       
1,699       
—       
974       

—       1,877   
350   
—      
—       1,110   
—       (1,795 ) 
(1,737 )     46,132   
(76 )    (39,220 ) 
971   
(3 )    

326       

—       

3,510        —       

—       

—       

—       3,510   

95       

—       

(1,216 )      —       

—       

(444 )     

1,660      

-   

60       

—       

46        —       

—       

—       

—      

46   

     —       
(374 )     
    10,747     $ 

—       
4,666        —       
—       
—       
—        (1,915 )     
—       
11     $ 396,407     $  (6,487 )   $  (377,814 )   $ 

—       
—       
2,229     $ 

—       4,666   
—       (1,915 ) 
(156 )  $  14,190   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

50 

 
  
  
       
  
        
  
  
       
      
  
  
       
  
     
       
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  
(In thousands)  

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net loss 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: 

Years Ended December 31, 

2015 

2014 

   $ 

(39,220 )    $ 

(17,903 ) 

Gain on sale of discontinued operations 
Earn-out consideration 
Depreciation and amortization 
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets 
Accretion of interest to payment obligation 
Amortization of debt issuance costs 
Stock-based compensation expense 
Modification of equity awards 
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 

Accounts receivable 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other assets 
Accounts payable 
Payment obligation liability 
Deferred revenue 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Capital expenditures 
Proceeds (net cash disposed of) related to sale of businesses 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities: 
Proceeds from issuance of debt 
Payment of debt issue costs 
Proceeds from capital raise, net of issuance costs 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan and 
   option and warrant exercises 
Payments on financial liabilities 
Repurchase of common stock 

Net cash provided by financing activities 

Effect of exchange rates on cash 
Net (decrease) increase in cash 
Cash of continuing operations, at beginning of period 
Add: Cash of discontinued operations, at beginning of period 
Less: Cash of discontinued operations, at end of period 
Cash of continuing operations, at end of period 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: 

Cash paid for interest 
Cash paid for income taxes 

Non-cash investing and financing activities: 

Common stock issued to settle earn-out obligation 
Common stock issued to acquire share of noncontrolling interest 
Common stock issued in connection with stock bonus and incentive plans 
Stock option grants issued in connection with stock bonus and incentive plans 
Property and equipment included in accrued expenses and other liabilities 

51 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 

—        
—        
3,148        
8,771        
536        
408        
4,667        
—        
17        

5,450        
(5,858 )      
196        
(1,890 )      
(1,157 )      
1,009        
920        
(23,003 )      

(341 )      
—        
(341 )      

4,000        
—        
—        

46        
—        
(1,915 )      
2,131        
1,333        
(19,880 )      
36,547        
—        
—        
16,667      $ 

1,364      $ 
135      $ 

3,510      $ 
1,216      $ 
-      $ 
-      $ 
333      $ 

(459 ) 
3,510   
3,015   
—   
432   
2,099   
2,163   
350   
7   

(1,472 ) 
(710 ) 
(168 ) 
115   
(973 ) 
(199 ) 
(1,540 ) 
(11,733 ) 

(1,311 ) 
1,395   
84   

16,000   
(601 ) 
35,755   

904   
(8,354 ) 
(1,795 ) 
41,909   
1,176   
31,436   
5,095   
16   
—   
36,547   

1,528   
353   

-   
-   
428   
68   
30   

 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
       
         
  
       
         
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
         
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
         
  
     
     
     
       
         
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
        
   
     
        
   
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.  
IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies  

Identiv, Inc. (“Identiv” or the “Company,”) is a global security technology company that secures data, physical places and 
things. Global organizations in the government, education, retail, transportation, healthcare and other markets rely upon our solutions. 
We empower them to create safe, secure, validated and convenient experiences in schools, government offices, factories, 
transportation, hospitals and virtually every type of facility and for every type of product.  

The Company’s corporate headquarters are in Fremont, California. The Company maintains research and development facilities 

in California, and Chennai, India and local operations and sales facilities in Australia, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, and 
the U.S. The Company was founded in 1990 in Munich, Germany and was incorporated in 1996 under the laws of the State of 
Delaware.  

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation — The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the 
accounts of the Company and its wholly and majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been 
eliminated in consolidation.  

Reverse Stock Split — On May 22, 2014, the stockholders approved, and the Company filed a certificate of amendment to its 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of the State of Delaware effecting, a one-for-ten reverse split of 
the Company's common stock, par value $0.001. The reverse stock split did not change the par value of the Company’s common stock 
or the number of shares of preferred stock authorized for issuance. Upon the effectiveness of the reverse stock split, the Company’s 
issued shares of common stock decreased from approximately 80 million to approximately 8 million shares, all with a par value of 
$0.001. The Company has no outstanding shares of preferred stock. All share, per share and stock option information in the 
accompanying consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto have been restated for all periods to reflect the reverse stock 
split. 

 Discontinued Operations — Financial information related to certain divested businesses of the Company is reported as 

discontinued operations for all periods presented as discussed in Note 2, Discontinued Operations.  

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts — The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company’s assessment of the 

collectibility of customer accounts. The Company regularly reviews its receivables that remain outstanding past their applicable 
payment terms and establishes allowance and potential write-offs by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, 
age of the accounts receivable balances, and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. Although the 
Company expects to collect net amounts due as stated on the consolidated balance sheets, actual collections may differ from these 
estimated amounts.  

Inventories — Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, using standard cost, approximating average cost, or FIFO method, as 

applicable, or market value. Inventory is written down for excess inventory, technical obsolescence and the inability to sell based 
primarily on historical sales and expectations for future use. The Company operates in an industry characterized by technological 
change. The planning of production and inventory levels is based on internal forecasts of customer demand, which are highly 
unpredictable and can fluctuate substantially. Should the demand for the Company’s products prove to be significantly less than 
anticipated, the ultimate realizable value of the Company’s inventory could be substantially less than amounts in the consolidated 
balance sheets. Once inventory has been written down below cost, it is not subsequently written up.  

Property and Equipment — Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation and 
amortization are computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of three to ten years for furniture, fixture and 
office equipment, five to seven years for machinery, five years for automobiles and three years for computer software. Leasehold 
improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or their estimated useful life.  

Goodwill — Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable 
intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not subject to amortization but is subject to annual assessment for 
impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”). The Company evaluates goodwill, at 
a minimum, on an annual basis and on an interim basis whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company performs interim goodwill impairment reviews between its annual reviews 
if certain events and circumstances have occurred, including a deterioration in general economic conditions, an increased competitive 
environment, a change in management, key personnel, strategy or customers, negative or declining cash flows, or a decline in actual or 
planned revenue or earnings compared with actual and projected results of relevant prior periods. Impairment of goodwill is tested at 

52 

 
 
the reporting unit level, which is one level below its operating segment. The reporting units are identified in accordance with ASC 
350-20-35-33 through 35-46. Prior to testing for goodwill impairment, the Company tests long-lived assets for impairment and adjusts 
the carrying value of each asset group to its fair value and records the associated impairment charge in its consolidated statements of 
operations. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a 
determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the 
totality of events or circumstances, it is determined it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its 
carrying amount, the Company tests for goodwill impairment using a two-step method as required by ASC 350. The first step of the 
impairment test compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying value of the 
reporting unit exceeds the fair value, goodwill is considered impaired and a second step is performed to measure the amount of the 
impairment loss, if any. Under this second step, the implied fair value of the goodwill is determined, in the same manner as the 
amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination, to assess the level of goodwill impairment, if any. The second step of the 
impairment test compares the implied fair value of goodwill to the carrying value of goodwill. If the carrying value of goodwill 
exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized equal to that excess (i.e., write goodwill down to the 
implied fair value of goodwill amount).  

Under the first step of the impairment test, the Company determines the fair value of the reporting units using the income, or 

discounted cash flows, approach (“DCF model”) and verifies the reasonableness of such fair value calculations of the reporting units 
using the market approach, which utilizes comparable firms in similar lines of business that are publicly traded or which are part of a 
public or private transaction. The completion of the DCF model requires the Company to make a number of significant assumptions to 
produce an estimate of future cash flows. These assumptions include, but are not limited to, projections of future revenue, gross profit 
rates, working capital requirements, and discount rates. In determining an appropriate discount rate for each reporting unit the 
Company makes assumptions about the estimated cost of capital and relevant risks, as appropriate. The projections used by the 
Company in its DCF model are updated as required and will change over time based on the historical performance and changing 
business conditions for each of the Company’s reporting units. The determination of whether goodwill is impaired involves a 
significant level of judgment in these assumptions, and changes in the Company’s business strategy, government regulations, or 
economic or market conditions could significantly impact these judgments.  

See Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, for more information about the impairment charges recorded in the second quarter 

ended June 30, 2015 and the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2015.  

Intangible and Long-lived Assets — The Company evaluates its long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets in 
accordance with ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 360”). The Company evaluates its long-lived assets and 
identifiable amortizable intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of such assets or intangibles may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison 
of the carrying amount of an asset to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset. If such assets are 
considered to be impaired (i.e., if the sum of its estimated future undiscounted cash flows used to test for recoverability is less than its 
carrying value), the impairment loss to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds 
the fair value of the assets. Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives 
of the related assets as the straight-line method is considered to align with expected cash flows. Each period the Company evaluates 
the estimated remaining useful life of purchased intangible assets and whether events or changes in circumstances warrant a revision 
to the remaining period of amortization. For intangible assets determined to have an indefinite useful life, no amortization is 
recognized until the assets´ useful life is determined to be no longer indefinite. As discussed in Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible 
Assets, the Company performed an impairment analysis in the fourth quarter of 2015 and found no indicators of impairment.  

Product Warranty — The Company accrues the estimated cost of product warranties at the time of sale. The Company’s 

warranty obligation is affected by actual warranty costs, including material usage or service delivery costs incurred in correcting a 
product failure. If actual material usage or service delivery costs differ from estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability 
would be required. Historically the warranty accrual and the expense amounts have been immaterial.  

Revenue Recognition — Revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria have been met: 
• 

Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists. The Company generally relies upon sales contracts or agreements, and 
customer purchase orders to determine the existence of an arrangement.  

• 

Delivery has occurred. The Company uses shipping terms and related documents, or written evidence of customer 
acceptance, when applicable, to verify delivery or performance.  

53 

• 

• 

Sales price is fixed or determinable. The Company assesses whether the sales price is fixed or determinable based on the 
payment terms and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment.  

Collectability is reasonably assured. The Company assesses collectability based on creditworthiness of customers as 
determined by credit checks and customer payment histories. The Company records accounts receivable net of allowance 
for doubtful accounts, estimated customer returns, and pricing credits.  

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards 

Codification (ASC) ASC 605-25, Revenue Recognition – Multiple Element Arrangements, and, in certain transactions, ASC 
985 Software – Revenue Recognition. 

In multiple-element arrangements, some sales arrangement are accounted for under the software provisions of ASC 985-605 and 

others under the provisions that relate to the sale of non-software products. 

In multiple-element arrangements that include hardware, bundled with professional services, maintenance contracts, and in 

some cases with its software products, the Company evaluates each element, delivered and undelivered, in an arrangement to 
determine whether it represents a separate unit of accounting. In these multiple element arrangements, revenue is allocated among all 
elements, delivered and undelivered, based on a vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”), if available, third-party evidence 
(“TPE”) if VSOE is not available, or estimated selling price (“ESP”) if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. VSOE of selling price is 
based on the price charged when the element is sold separately. TPE of selling price is established by evaluating largely 
interchangeable competitor products or services in stand-alone sales to similarly situated customers. The best estimate of selling price 
is established considering multiple factors, including pricing practices in different geographies and through different sales channels, 
gross margin objectives, internal costs, competitor pricing strategies and industry technology lifecycles. Some of the Company’s 
offerings contain a significant element of proprietary technology and provide substantially unique features and functionality; as a 
result, the comparable pricing of products with similar functionality typically cannot be obtained. Additionally, as the Company is 
unable to reliably determine what competitors products’ selling prices are on a stand-alone basis, typically the Company is not able to 
determine TPE for such products. Therefore ESP is used for such products in the selling price hierarchy for allocating the total 
arrangement consideration. 

In multiple-element arrangements that include software, the Company accounts for each element under the standards of ASC 

985-605 related to software. When software is a delivered element, the Company uses the residual method (ASC 605-25) for 
determining the amount of revenue to recognize for the delivered software component if VSOE for all of the undelivered elements has 
been established. In sales arrangements where VSOE of fair value has not been established, revenue for all elements is deferred and 
amortized over the life of the arrangement. 

 Revenue from professional services contracts is recognized upon completion of services and customer acceptance, if applicable. 

Professional services include security system integration, system migration and database conversion services. Revenue from 
maintenance contracts is deferred and recognized ratably over the period of the maintenance contracts. Certain sales arrangement 
contains hardware, software and professional service elements where professional services are essential to the functionality of the 
hardware and software system and a test of the functionality of the complete system is required before the customer accepts the 
system. As a result, hardware, software and professional service elements are accounted for as one unit of accounting and revenue 
from these arrangements is recognized upon completion of the project.   

Research and Development — Costs to research, design, and develop the Company’s products are expensed as incurred and 
consist primarily of employee compensation and fees for the development of prototype products. Software development costs are 
capitalized beginning when a product’s technological feasibility has been established and ending when a product is available for 
general release to customers. Generally, the Company’s products are released soon after technological feasibility has been established. 
As a result, costs subsequent to achieving technological feasibility have not been significant, and all software development costs 
generally have been expensed as incurred. The Company capitalizes certain costs for its internal-use software incurred during the 
application development stage. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post implementation activities are expensed as 
incurred. Internal-use software is amortized on a straight line basis over its estimated useful life, generally three years. The estimated 
useful life is determined based on management’s judgment on how long the core technology and functionality serves internal needs 
and the customer base. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever 
events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. The Company recorded amortization 
expense related to software development costs, including amounts written-off related to capitalized costs, in the amount of $0.3  
million and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 

Freight Costs — The Company reflects the cost of shipping its products to customers as a cost of revenue. Reimbursements 

received from customers for freight costs are recognized as product revenue.  

54 

Income Taxes — The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), 

which requires the asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income taxes reflect 
the recognition of future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. 
The carrying value of net deferred tax assets reflects that the Company has been unable to generate sufficient taxable income in certain 
tax jurisdictions. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred tax asset to an amount that is more likely than not to be 
realized. The deferred tax assets are still available for the Company to use in the future to offset taxable income, which would result in 
the recognition of a tax benefit and a reduction in the Company’s effective tax rate. Actual operating results and the underlying 
amount and category of income in future years could render the Company’s current assumptions, judgments and estimates of the 
realizability of deferred tax assets inaccurate, which could have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.  

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty 
in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. It prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for 
the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also 
provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. 
Such changes in recognition or measurement might result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax 
provision in the period.  

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the income tax expense line in the 

accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in 
the Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 9, Income Taxes, for further information regarding the Company’s tax disclosures.  

Stock-based Compensation — The Company accounts for all stock-based payment awards, including employee stock options, 

restricted stock awards, performance share awards, employee stock purchase plan, in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation-
Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Under the fair value recognition provisions of this topic, stock-based compensation cost is 
measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. Compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards is 
recognized using the straight-line single-option approach. Employee stock options awards are valued under the single-option approach 
and amortized on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures. The value of the portion of the stock options award that is 
ultimately expected-to-vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s consolidated statements of 
operations. See Note 4 for further information regarding the Company’s stock-based compensation assumptions and expenses.  

The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of its 

options, which incorporates various subjective assumptions including volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected life, and dividend 
yield to calculate the fair value of stock option awards. Since the Company has been publicly traded for many years, it utilizes its own 
historical volatility in valuing its stock option grants. The expected life of an award is based on historical experience, the terms and 
conditions of the stock awards granted to employees, as well as the potential effect from options that have not been exercised at the 
time. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based payment awards represent management’s best estimates. These 
estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. If factors change and the Company uses 
different assumptions, its stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In addition, the Company 
estimates the expected forfeiture rate and recognizes expense only for those awards which are ultimately expected-to-vest shares. If 
the actual forfeiture rate is materially different from the Company’s estimate, the recorded stock-based compensation expense could 
be different. ASC 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual 
forfeitures differ from those estimates.  

Concentration of Credit Risk — One customer accounted 14% of net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2015, and one 

customer accounted for 23% of net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014.  No customers accounted for more than 10% of the 
Company’s accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2015.  Two customers accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s 
accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2014. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support accounts 
receivable. To reduce risk, the Company’s management performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. The 
Company maintains allowances for potential credit losses in its consolidated financial statements.  

Net Loss Per Share — Basic and diluted net loss per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares 
outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive-
potential common share equivalents outstanding during the period, if applicable. Dilutive-potential common share equivalents are 
excluded from the computation of net loss per share in the loss periods as their effect would be antidilutive. As the Company has 
incurred losses from continuing operations during each of the last two fiscal years, shares issuable under stock options are excluded 
from the computation of diluted net loss per share in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as their effect is anti-
dilutive.  

Comprehensive Loss — ASU No. 2011-05, Comprehensive Income, ASC Topic 200, Presentation of Comprehensive Income 

(“ASU No. 2001-05”) requires an entity to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the 

55 

components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but 
consecutive statements. Comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 has been disclosed within the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Other accumulated comprehensive loss includes net foreign currency translation 
adjustments which are excluded from consolidated net loss.  

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions — The functional currencies of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are the 

local currencies, except for the Singapore subsidiary, which uses the U.S. dollar as its functional currency. For those subsidiaries 
whose functional currency is the local currency, the Company translates assets and liabilities to U.S. dollars using period-end 
exchange rates and translates revenues and expenses using average exchange rates during the period. Exchange gains and losses 
arising from translation of foreign entity financial statements are included as a component of other comprehensive loss and gains and 
losses from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Company are included in the 
Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized a currency loss of $1.2  million in 2015 and $1.3 million 
in 2014.  

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes  

In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-05, 

“Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement” (ASU 2015-05”), which clarifies the circumstances 
under which a cloud computing customer would account for the arrangement as a license of internal-use software. ASU 2015-05 is 
effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company does not expect the adoption of 
ASU 2015-05 will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” (“ASU 2015-03”), which 

changes the presentation of debt issuance costs on the balance sheet by requiring entities to present such costs as a direct deduction 
from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. ASU 2015-03 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning 
after December 15, 2015. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-03 will have a material impact on its consolidated 
financial statements. 

In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-01, “Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of 

Extraordinary Items” (“ASU 2015-01”). Under ASU 2015-01, an entity will no longer be allowed to separately disclose extraordinary 
items, net of tax, in the income statement after income from continuing operations if an event or transaction is unusual in nature and 
occurs infrequently. ASU 2015-01 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015 with early 
adoption permitted. Upon adoption, the Company may elect prospective or retrospective application. The Company does not expect 
the adoption of ASU 2015-01 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity's Ability to Continue as a 

Going Concern”, (“ASU 2014-15”), which requires management to perform interim and annual assessments on whether there are 
conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the 
financial statements are issued and to provide related disclosures, if required.  The amendments in ASU 2014-15 are effective for the 
annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter.  Early adoption is permitted. The 
Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements. 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers" (“ASU 2014-09”), which 
supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize 
revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity 
expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing 
so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. 
In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2015-14”), which 
defer the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting 
periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 
2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The new guidance is effective for the Company beginning 
January 1, 2018 and will provide the Company additional time to evaluate the method and impact that ASU 2014-09 will have on its 
consolidated financial statements.  

56 

 
 
 
2. Discontinued Operations  

During the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company committed to sell its Rockwest Technology Group, Inc. d/b/a/ Multicard US 

(“Multicard US”) subsidiary to George Levy, Matt McDaniel and Hugo Garcia (the “Buyers”), the founders and former owners of the 
Multicard US business. The sale of the Multicard US subsidiary was completed on February 4, 2014 and was made pursuant to a 
Share Purchase Agreement dated January 21, 2014 between the Company and the Buyers whereby the Company agreed to sell 80.1% 
of its holdings in Multicard US, to the Buyers for cash consideration of $1.2 million. Based on the carrying value of the assets and the 
liabilities attributed to Multicard US on the date of sale, and the estimated costs and expenses incurred in connection with the sale, the 
Company recorded a gain of $0.4 million, net of income taxes of nil, in the consolidated statement of operations in the year ended 
December 31, 2014, which is included in income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes. 

On June 30, 2014, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with a former employee to sell certain non-core 

assets consisting of inventory, some prepaid items, certain fully depreciated office equipment and certain intellectual property (“Non-
Core Assets”) relating to one of its subsidiaries for cash consideration of $0.1 million. The sale of these Non-Core Assets was 
completed on July 7, 2014.   

In accordance with ASC Topic 205-20, Discontinued Operations (“ASC 205”), the results of these businesses have been 
presented as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2015.  

The key components of income from discontinued operations consist of the following (in thousands):  

Net revenue 
Discontinued operations: 

Income from discontinued operations before income taxes 
Income tax provision 
Income from discontinued operations, 
   net of income taxes 
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net 
   of income taxes of nil 

Income from discontinued operations, net 
   of income taxes 

Years Ended December 31, 
2014 
2015 

—      $ 

1,276   

   $ 

   $ 

—      $ 
—     

—     

—     

62   
—   

62   

459   

521   

   $ 

—      $ 

3. Fair Value Measurements  

The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to 
maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The classification of a 
financial asset or liability within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. 
Under ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), the fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into 
three levels that may be used to measure fair value:  

• 

• 

• 

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets and liabilities in active markets;  

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are observable either 
directly or indirectly; and  

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs.  

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis  

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were no assets that are measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis. 

There were no cash equivalents as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. 

The Company’s only liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis is the contingent consideration related to the 
acquisition of idOnDemand, Inc. (“idOnDemand”). The sellers of idOnDemand (the “Selling Shareholders”) are eligible to receive 
limited earn-out payments (“Earn-out Consideration”) in the form of shares of common stock subject to certain lock-up periods under 
the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement dated April 29, 2011 between the Company and the Selling Shareholders of idOnDemand 
(the “SPA”). The fair value of the Earn-out Consideration is based on achieving certain revenue and profit targets as defined under the 
SPA. The accrual of the Earn-out Consideration for periods prior to the year ended December 31, 2015 is probability weighted and 

57 

  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
     
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
discounted to reflect the restriction on the resale or transfer of such shares. The valuation of the Earn-out Consideration is classified as 
a Level 3 measurement as it is based on significant unobservable inputs and involves management judgment and assumptions about 
achieving revenue and profit targets and discount rates. The unobservable inputs used in the measurement of the Earn-out 
Consideration are highly sensitive to fluctuations and any changes in the inputs or the probability weighting thereof could significantly 
change the measured value of the Earn-out Consideration at each reporting period. The number of shares issued to settle the obligation 
was based on the 30-calendar day average price of the Company’s common stock immediately preceding the settlement date. Thus, in 
accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, the fair value of the Earn-out Consideration was classified as a 
liability and re-measured each reporting period through December 31, 2014. Once the number of shares to settle the liability was set, 
the liability was no longer fair valued with the financial value being deemed the fair value of the shares set for settlement.  

As of December 31, 2014, the maximum amount payable for Earn-out Consideration was $5.0 million. For the period ended 

December 31, 2014, the Company engaged a third party independent valuation firm to assist in the determination of the Earn-out 
Consideration liability. The Company recorded an earn-out obligation of $3.51 million as of December 31, 2014. The Earn-out 
Consideration liability of $3.51 million was settled during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 by the issuance of common stock to the 
Selling Shareholders, including the Company’s former CEO and former CFO. The common stock issued has a lock-up period of 12 
months from the date of issuance. 

(in thousands) 
Balance at January 1, 2014 
Remeasurement of obligation 
Balance at December 31, 2014 
Remeasurement of obligation 
Issuance of shares to settle earn-out obligation 
Balance at December 31, 2015 

Fair Value 
Measurements 
(Level 3) 
Earn-out Liability   
-   
$ 
3,510   
3,510   
-   
(3,510 ) 
-   

$ 

$ 

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis  

Certain of the Company's assets, including intangible assets, goodwill, and privately-held investments, are measured at fair 

value on a nonrecurring basis if impairment is indicated. Purchased intangible assets are measured at fair value primarily using 
discounted cash flow projections. For additional discussion of measurement criteria used in evaluating potential impairment involving 
goodwill and intangible assets, refer to Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets. 

Privately-held investments, which are normally carried at cost, are measured at fair value due to events and circumstances that 

the Company identified as significantly impacting the fair value of investments. The Company estimates the fair value of its privately-
held investments using an analysis of the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investee, including recent financing 
activities and the investee's capital structure.  

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had $0.3 million of privately-held investments measured at fair value on a 
nonrecurring basis which were classified as Level 3 assets due to the absence of quoted market prices and inherent lack of liquidity. 
The Company reviews its investments to identify and evaluate investments that have an indication of possible impairment. The 
Company adjusts the carrying value for its privately-held investments for any impairment if the fair value is less than the carrying 
value of the respective assets on an other-than-temporary basis. The amount of privately-held investments is included in other assets in 
the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.  

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were no liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value on a non-recurring 

basis. 

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value 

The carrying amounts of the Company's accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, 

financial liabilities and other accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities.  

58 

 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
4. Stockholders’ Equity  

Reverse Stock Split 

On May 22, 2014, the stockholders approved, and the Company filed a certificate of amendment to its Amended and Restated 
Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of the State of Delaware effecting a one-for-ten reverse stock split. The reverse stock 
split did not change the par value of the Company’s common stock or the number of shares of preferred stock authorized for issuance.  

Preferred Stock  

The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, 40,000 of which have been designated as Series A 

Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share. No shares of the Company’s preferred stock, including the Series A 
Participating Preferred Stock, were outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Company’s board of directors may from time 
to time, without further action by the Company’s stockholders, direct the issuance of shares of preferred stock in series and may, at the 
time of issuance, determine the rights, preferences and limitations of each series, including voting rights, dividend rights and 
redemption and liquidation preferences. Satisfaction of any dividend preferences of outstanding shares of preferred stock would 
reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of dividends on shares of the Company’s common stock. Holders of shares of 
preferred stock may be entitled to receive a preference payment in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the 
Company before any payment is made to the holders of shares of the Company’s common stock. Upon the affirmative vote of the 
Board, without stockholder approval, the Company may issue shares of preferred stock with voting and conversion rights which could 
adversely affect the holders of shares of its common stock. 

Private Placement  

On August 14, 2013, in a private placement, the Company issued 834,847 shares of its common stock at a price of $8.50 per 

share and warrants to purchase an additional 834,847 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $10.00 per share (the “2013 
Private Placement Warrants”) to accredited and other qualified investors (the “Investors”). Aggregate gross consideration of $7.1 
million and $0.8 million in issuance costs were recorded in connection with the private placement. The Company engaged a placement 
agent in connection with private placement outside the United States. As compensation at closing, the Company paid $0.6 million in 
cash and issued 100,000 shares of common stock to the placement agent on the same terms as those sold to the Investors in the 
offering. In addition, the placement agent was issued warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of 
$10.00 per share as bonus compensation.  

Sale of Common Stock  

On September 16, 2014, the Company entered into an underwritten public offering of 2,000,000 shares of its common stock at a 

public offering price of $15.00 per share and also granted the underwriter a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 300,000 
shares of common stock to cover overallotments, if any. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $31.6 million from the 
sale of 2,300,000 shares of common stock in the public offering, after deducting the underwriting discount of $2.5 million and 
estimated offering expenses of $0.4 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the offering for working capital and other 
general corporate purposes.  

Common Stock Warrants   

In connection with the Company’s entry into a consulting agreement, the Company issued a consultant a warrant to purchase up 

to 85,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $10.70 (the “Consultant Warrant”). One fourth of 
the shares under the warrant are exercisable for cash three months from the date the Consultant Warrant was issued and quarterly 
thereafter. The Consultant Warrant expires on August 13, 2019. In the event of an acquisition of the Company, the Consultant Warrant 
shall terminate and no longer be exercisable as of the closing of the acquisition. As of December 31, 2015, the Consultant Warrant has 
not been exercised. 

 In connection with the Company’s entry into a credit agreement with Opus Bank (“Opus”) as discussed in Note 8, Financial 

Liabilities, the Company issued Opus a warrant to purchase up to 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share 
exercise price of $9.90 (the “Opus Warrant”). The Opus Warrant is immediately exercisable for cash or by net exercise and expires on 
March 31, 2019. The shares issuable upon exercise of the Opus Warrant are to be registered at the request of Opus pursuant to a 
registration rights agreement, dated March 31, 2014 between the Company and Opus. As of December 31, 2015,  the Opus Warrant 
had not been exercised. 

59 

         
     
The Company issued warrants to purchase 409,763 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $26.50 per share in a 

private placement to accredited and other qualified investors in November 2010 (the “2010 Private Placement Warrants”). The 2010 
Private Placement Warrants are exercisable beginning on the date of issuance and expired on November 14, 2015.  

Below is a summary of outstanding warrants issued by the Company as of December 31, 2015: 

Shares 
Issuable 
Pursuant to 
the Exercise 
of Warrants     

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

85,000      $ 
100,000        
186,878        
371,878        

10.70     
9.90     
10.00     

Warrant Type 

Consultant Warrant 
Opus Warrant 
2013 Private Placement Warrants 
Total 

2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan   

Issue Date 
August 13, 2014   
March 31, 2014   
August 14, 2013   

   Expiration Date 

August 13, 2019 
March 31, 2019 
August 14, 2017 

In June 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). On December 18, 

2013, the Compensation Committee of the Board suspended the ESPP effective January 1, 2014. No additional shares will be 
authorized and no shares will be issued under the ESPP until further notice. As of December 31, 2015, there were 293,888 shares 
reserved for future purchase under the ESPP.   

Since the ESPP was suspended effective January 1, 2014, there was no stock-based compensation expense resulting from the 

ESPP included in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.  

Stock-Based Compensation Plans  

The Company has various stock-based compensation plans to attract, motivate, retain and reward employees, directors and 

consultants by providing its Board or a committee of the Board the discretion to award equity incentives to these persons. The 
Company’s stock-based compensation plans consist of the Director Option Plan, 1997 Stock Option Plan, 2000 Stock Option Plan, 
2007 Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Plan”), the 2010 Bonus and Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”) and the 2011 Incentive 
Compensation Plan (the “2011 Plan”), as amended.  

Stock Bonus and Incentive Plans  

In June 2010, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2010 Plan which granted cash and equity-based awards to executive 

officers, directors, and other key employees as designated by the Compensation Committee of the Board. An aggregate of 
300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock was reserved for issuance under the 2010 Plan as equity-based awards, including 
shares, nonqualified stock options, restricted stock or deferred stock awards. These awards provide the Company´s executive officers, 
directors, and key employees with the opportunity to earn shares of common stock depending on the extent to which certain 
performance goals are met. Since the adoption of the 2011 Plan (described below), the Company utilizes shares from the 2010 Plan 
only for performance-based awards to Participants and all equity awards granted under the 2010 Plan are issued pursuant to the 2011 
Plan.   

On June 6, 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2011 Plan, which is administered by the Compensation Committee 
of the Board. The 2011 Plan provides that stock options, stock units, restricted shares, and stock appreciation rights may be granted to 
executive officers, directors, consultants, and other key employees. The Company reserved 400,000 shares of common stock under the 
2011 Plan, plus 459,956 shares of common stock that remained available for delivery under the 2007 Plan and the 2010 Plan as of 
June 6, 2011. In aggregate, as of June 6, 2011, 859,956 shares were available for future grants under the 2011 Plan, including shares 
rolled over from 2007 Plan and 2010 Plan.    

60 

  
  
    
     
     
     
     
     
   
 
 
Stock Option Plans  

The Company’s stock option plans are generally time-based and expire seven to ten years from the date of grant. Vesting varies, 

with some grants vesting 25% each year over four years; some vesting 25% after one year and monthly thereafter over three years; 
some vesting 100% on the date of grant; some vesting 1/12th per month over one year; some vesting 100% after one year; and some 
vesting monthly over four years. The Director Option Plan and 1997 Stock Option Plan both expired in March 2007. The 2000 Stock 
Option Plan expired in December 2010 and as noted above, the 2007 Plan was discontinued in June 2011 in connection with the 
approval of the 2011 Plan. As a result, options will no longer be granted under any of these plans except the 2011 Plan.  

As of December 31, 2015, an aggregate of 11,509 options were outstanding under the Director Option Plan and 1997 Stock 
Option Plan, 15,169 options were outstanding under the 2000 Stock Option Plan, 53,560 options were outstanding under the 2007 
Plan, and 709,644 options were outstanding under the 2011 Plan. These outstanding options remain exercisable in accordance with the 
terms of the original grant agreements under the respective plans.  

A summary of activity for the Company’s stock option plans for the year ended December 31, 2015 follows:  

Number 
Outstanding 

Average Exercise 
Price per Share 

Weighted Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Term 
(Years) 

Average Intrinsic 
Value 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Granted 
Cancelled or expired 
Exercised 
Balance at December 31, 2015 
Vested or expected to vest at 
   December 31, 2015 
Exercisable at December 31, 
   2015 

897,115      $ 
—        
(110,131 )      
(5,180 )      
781,804      $ 

12.09          
—          
16.64          
8.01          
11.48     

744,258      $ 

11.59     

495,206      $ 

12.88     

6.72      $

6.54      $

5.85      $

-   

-   

-   

The following table summarizes information about options outstanding as of December 31, 2015:  

Range of Exercise Prices    

Number 
Outstanding 

Options Outstanding 
Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Life 
(Years) 

Weighted 
Average 

Exercise Price      

Number 
Exercisable 

$5.20 - $8.40 
$8.41 - $8.80 
$8.81 - $12.00 
$12.01 - $40.20 
$40.21 - $43.40 
$5.20 - $43.40 

158,222        
230,688        
247,769        
140,775        
4,350        
781,804        

7.59      $ 
7.84        
6.80        
3.39        
1.22        
6.63        

6.40        
8.80        
11.21        
21.06        
43.38        
11.48        

Options Exercisable 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price    
6.64   
8.80   
11.41   
21.24   
43.38   
12.88   

100,345      $ 
106,382        
147,229        
136,900        
4,350        
495,206        

The weighted-average grant date fair value per option for options granted during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 

was $0 and $9.71, respectively. A total of 5,180 and 27,733 options were exercised during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 
2014, respectively.  

The fair value of option grants was estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton model with the following weighted-average 

assumptions for the years ended December 31: 

Risk-free interest rate 
Expected volatility 
Expected term in years 
Dividend yield 

2015 

2014 

N/A      
N/A      
N/A      
N/A   

1.54 % 
88.7 % 
4.79   
None   

61 

  
  
    
    
     
  
  
       
   
  
         
  
  
         
  
  
         
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
  
  
  
At December 31, 2015, there was $1.5 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures 

related to unvested options, that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years.   

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units 

The following is a summary of restricted stock and RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2015: 

Number 
Outstanding 

Weighted 
Average Fair 
Value 

Weighted Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Term 
(Years) 

Average Intrinsic 
Value 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Balance at December 31, 2015 

542,342      $ 
285,247        
(52,421 )      
(53,250 )      
721,918      $ 

13.74        
12.34        
14.53        
11.17        
13.32     

1.3    $

1,436,619   

The fair value of the Company’s restricted stock awards and RSUs is calculated based upon the fair market value of the 
Company’s stock at the date of grant. As of December 31, 2015, there was $5.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to 
unvested RSUs granted, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years. As of December 31, 2015, an 
aggregate of 721,918 RSUs were outstanding under the 2011 Plan. 

Stock-Based Compensation Expense 

The following table illustrates all stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP, stock options and RSUs included in 

the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):  

Cost of revenue 
Research and development 
Selling and marketing 
General and administrative 
Total 

Year Ended 
December 31, 

2015 

2014 

   $ 

   $ 

85      $ 
324     
1,085     
3,022     
4,516      $ 

36   
142   
303   
1,396   
1,877   

Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance  

Common stock reserved for future issuance as of December 31, 2015 was as follows: 

Exercise of outstanding stock options and vesting of RSUs 
ESPP 
Shares of common stock available for grant under the 2011 Plan 
Noncontrolling interest in Bluehill AG 
Warrants to purchase common stock 

Total 

1,503,722   
293,888   
218,244   
10,355   
741,047   
2,767,256   

Net Loss per Common Share Attributable to Identiv Stockholders’ Equity  

Basic and diluted net loss per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the 
period. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, common stock equivalents consisting of outstanding stock options, RSUs 
and warrants were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share because these securities were anti-dilutive due to the net loss 
in the respective periods. The total number of common stock equivalents excluded from diluted loss per share relating to these 
securities was 2,255,124 common stock equivalents for the year ended December 31, 2015, and 1,354,866 common stock equivalents 
for the year ended December 31, 2014.  

62 

 
  
  
    
    
  
  
  
     
   
  
       
  
  
       
  
  
       
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income   

Accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) at December 31, 2015 and 2014 consists of foreign currency translation 
adjustments of $2.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively. As a result of the acquisition of noncontrolling interest, $444.0 thousand 
was reclassified out of AOCI into earnings during the year ended December 31, 2015. 

Stock Repurchases   

On October 9, 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase shares of the Company’s common 

stock. Under the stock repurchase program, the Company may repurchase up to $5.0 million of its common stock over a period of one 
year. The program allowed stock repurchases from time to time at management’s discretion in the open market or in private 
transactions at prevailing market prices. The stock repurchase program may be limited or terminated at any time by the Board of 
Directors without prior notice. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 358,502  shares of common 
stock under the stock repurchase program for total consideration of approximately $1.8 million. Additionally, during the year ended 
December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 15,143  shares of common stock surrendered to the Company to satisfy tax 
withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of RSUs issued to employees.   

5. Balance Sheet Components  

The Company’s inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Inventories consist of (in thousands):  

Raw materials 
Work-in-progress 
Finished goods 
Total 

Property and equipment, net consists of (in thousands):  

Building and leasehold improvements 
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment 
Plant and machinery 
Purchased software 
Total 
Accumulated depreciation 
Property and equipment, net 

December 31, 

2015 

2014 

$ 

$ 

5,033      $ 
12        
9,681        
14,726      $ 

December 31, 

2015 

2014 

$ 

$ 

2,670     $ 
2,242       
8,858       
2,510       
16,280       
(12,062 )     
4,218     $ 

3,272   
571   
5,411   
9,254   

1,298   
4,236   
6,732   
2,520   
14,786   
(9,475 ) 
5,311   

The Company recorded depreciation expense of $1.7 million and $1.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 

2014, respectively.   

Other accrued expenses and liabilities consist of (in thousands):  

Accrued restructuring 
Accrued professional fees 
Income taxes payable 
Other accrued expenses 

Total 

December 31, 

2015 

2014 

633     $ 
1,731       
282       
3,189       
5,835     $ 

1,377   
679   
275   
2,140   
4,471   

$ 

$ 

63 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
 
  
6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets  

Goodwill  

The following table presents goodwill by reporting unit, which is the same as operating segment, as of December 31, 2015 and 

2014 as well as changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (in thousands):  

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Goodwill impairment during the year 
Currency translation adjustment 
Balance at December 31, 2015 

   Premises(1)      Credentials(1)      Identity(1)      All Other(1)      
—      $ 
   $ 
—        
—        
—      $ 

7,783      $ 
(7,783 )      
—        
—      $ 

1,070      $ 
(988 )      
(82 )      
—      $ 

—      $ 
—        
—        
—      $ 

   $ 

Total 

8,853   
(8,771 ) 
(82 ) 
—   

(1)  During the first quarter of 2014, in connection with the Company's 2014 organizational realignment, certain prior period 

amounts were reclassified to conform to the current period's operating segment presentation. A certain amount of goodwill is 
designated in a currency other than U. S. dollars and is adjusted each reporting period for the change in foreign exchange rates 
between balance sheet dates.  

In accordance with its accounting policy and ASC 350, the Company tests goodwill annually for impairment and assesses 

whether there are any indicators of impairment on an interim basis. The Company performs interim goodwill impairment reviews 
between its annual reviews if certain events and circumstances have occurred, including a deterioration in general economic 
conditions, an increased competitive environment, a change in management, key personnel, strategy or customers, negative or 
declining cash flows, or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings compared with actual and projected results of relevant prior 
periods. The Company believes the methodology that it uses to review impairment of goodwill, which includes a significant amount of 
judgment and estimates, provides it with a reasonable basis to determine whether impairment has occurred. However, many of the 
factors employed in determining whether its goodwill is impaired are outside of its control and it is reasonably likely that assumptions 
and estimates will change in future periods. These changes in assumptions and estimates could result in future impairments.  

When performing its annual goodwill impairment test and during its interim assessments, the Company first assesses qualitative 

factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the 
fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, it is determined 
it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the Company tests for goodwill 
impairment using a two-step method as required by ASC 350. The first step of the impairment test compares the fair value of the 
reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, goodwill is 
considered impaired and a second step is performed to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. Under this second step, the 
implied fair value of the goodwill is determined, in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination, 
to assess the level of goodwill impairment, if any. The second step of the impairment test compares the implied fair value of goodwill 
to the carrying value of goodwill. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss is 
recognized equal to that excess (i.e., goodwill is written down to the implied fair value of goodwill). 

If the first step of the impairment test is required after determining it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit 
is less than its carrying amount, the Company calculates the fair value of its reporting units using a combination of market and income 
approaches. Prior to its goodwill impairment test, the Company first tests its long-lived assets for impairment and adjusts the carrying 
value of each asset group to its fair value and records the associated impairment charge, if any, in its Consolidated Statements of 
Operations. The Company then performs its analysis of goodwill impairment using a two-step method as required by ASC 350. The 
first step of the impairment test compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including the goodwill related to 
the respective reporting units. The market approach of the fair value calculation estimates the fair value of a business based on a 
comparison of the Company to comparable firms in similar lines of business that are publicly traded or which are part of a public or 
private transaction. The income approach requires estimates of expected revenue, gross margin and operating expenses in order to 
discount the sum of estimated future cash flows using each particular reporting unit’s weighted average cost of capital. The 
Company’s growth estimates are based on historical data and internal estimates developed as part of its long-term planning process. 
The Company tests the reasonableness of the inputs and outcomes of its discounted cash flow analysis by comparing these items to 
available market data. The second step of the impairment test compares the implied fair value of goodwill to the carrying value of 
goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill value is determined, in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a 
business combination, to assess the level of goodwill impairment, if any. During the second step, management estimates the fair value 
of the Company’s tangible and intangible net assets. Intangible assets are identified and valued for each reporting unit for which the 
second step is performed. The difference between the estimated fair value of each reporting unit and the sum of the fair value of the 
identified net assets results in the implied value of goodwill. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of 
goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized equal to that excess.    

64 

  
  
  
     
     
 
  
During the second quarter of 2015, the Company noted certain indicators of impairment, including a sustained decline in its 

stock price and continued reduced performance in its Identity reporting unit. Based on the results of step one of the goodwill 
impairment analysis, it was determined that the Company’s net adjusted carrying value exceeded its estimated fair value for the 
Identity reporting unit. As a result, the Company concluded that the carrying value of goodwill for the Identity reporting unit was fully 
impaired and recorded an impairment charge of approximately $1.0 million in its consolidated statements of operations during the 
second quarter of 2015.   

During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, the Company’s stock price declined significantly which resulted in a significant 

reduction in its fair value and market capitalization. The stock price declined from $3.64 as of October 1, 2015 to $1.99 as of 
December 31, 2015, and subsequently dropped further, reaching a low of $1.56 in February 2016. Additionally, the Company’s net 
losses continued in the quarter ended December 31, 2015, and the Company announced a worldwide restructuring plan designed to 
refocus resources on its core business segments and to consolidate operations in several worldwide locations. As a result, the 
Company performed an impairment test and determined that its goodwill was fully impaired based on qualitative factors as the 
Company’s net fair value exceeded its carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $7.8 million in its 
consolidated statement of operations in the fourth quarter of 2015.           

Intangible Assets  

The following table summarizes the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for intangible assets resulting from 

acquisitions (in thousands):   

Amortization period (in years) 

Existing 

Customer 

Technology      

Relationships      

11.75 

4.0 – 11.75 

Trade 
Name 
1.0 

Total 

Gross carrying amount at December 31, 2014 
Accumulated amortization 
Intangible Assets, net at December 31, 2014 

Gross carrying amount at December 31, 2015 
Accumulated amortization 
Intangible Assets, net at December 31, 2015 

   $

   $

   $

   $

4,600      $
(1,914 )      
2,686      $

4,600      $
(2,361 )      
2,239      $

10,701      $
(4,657 )      
6,044      $

10,639      $
(5,603 )      
5,036      $

570      $
(570 )      
—      $

15,871   
(7,141 ) 
8,730   

570      $
(570 )      
—      $

15,809   
(8,534 ) 
7,275   

Each period, the Company evaluates the estimated remaining useful lives of purchased intangible assets and whether events or 

changes in circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. If a revision to the remaining period of 
amortization is warranted, amortization is prospectively adjusted over the remaining useful life of the intangible asset. Intangible 
assets subject to amortization are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives as outlined in the table above. The Company 
performs an evaluation of its amortizable intangible assets for impairment at the end of each reporting period. The Company did not 
identify any impairment indicators during the year ended December 31, 2015.  

The following table illustrates the amortization expense included in the consolidated statements of operations for the years 

ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):  

Cost of revenue 
Selling and marketing 
Total 

Years Ended 
December 31, 

2015 

2014 

   $ 

   $ 

448      $

1,007     
1,455      $

448   
1,007   
1,455   

65 

  
  
  
    
  
  
    
       
         
  
  
       
         
         
         
  
     
  
     
        
        
        
   
     
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
 
The estimated annual future amortization expense for purchased intangible assets with definite lives over the next five years is 

as follows (in thousands):  

2016 
2017 
2018 
2019 
Thereafter 
Total 

   $ 

   $ 

1,455   
1,455   
1,455   
1,455   
1,455   
7,275   

7. Long-Term Payment Obligation  

Hirsch Acquisition – Secure Keyboards and Secure Networks. Prior to the 2009 acquisition of Hirsch by the Company, effective 

November 1994, Hirsch had entered into a settlement agreement (the “1994 Settlement Agreement”) with two limited partnerships, 
Secure Keyboards, Ltd. (“Secure Keyboards”) and Secure Networks, Ltd. (“Secure Networks”). At the time, Secure Keyboards and 
Secure Networks were related to Hirsch through certain common shareholders and limited partners, including Hirsch’s then President 
Lawrence Midland, who resigned as President of the Company effective July 31, 2014. Immediately following the acquisition, 
Mr. Midland owned 30% of Secure Keyboards and 9% of Secure Networks. Secure Networks was dissolved in 2012 and Mr. Midland 
owned 24.5% of Secure Keyboards upon his resignation effective July 31, 2014.  

On April 8, 2009, Secure Keyboards, Secure Networks and Hirsch amended and restated the 1994 Settlement Agreement to 
replace the royalty-based payment arrangement under the 1994 Settlement Agreement with a new, definitive installment payment 
schedule with contractual payments to be made in future periods through 2020 (the “2009 Settlement Agreement”). The Company was 
not an original party to the 2009 Settlement Agreement as the acquisition of Hirsch occurred subsequent to the 2009 Settlement 
Agreement being entered into. The Company has, however, provided Secure Keyboards and Secure Networks with a limited guarantee 
of Hirsch’s payment obligations under the 2009 Settlement Agreement (the “Guarantee”). The 2009 Settlement Agreement and the 
Guarantee became effective upon the acquisition of Hirsch on April 30, 2009. The Company’s annual payment to Secure Keyboards 
and Secure Networks in any given year under the 2009 Settlement Agreement is subject to an increase based on the percentage 
increase in the Consumer Price Index during the previous calendar year.  

The final payment to Secure Networks was made on January 30, 2012 and the final payment to Secure Keyboards is due on 
January 30, 2021. The Company’s payment obligations under the 2009 Settlement Agreement will continue through the calendar year 
period ending December 31, 2020, unless the Company elects at any time on or after January 1, 2012 to earlier satisfy its obligations 
by making a lump-sum payment to Secure Keyboards. The Company does not intend to make a lump-sum payment and therefore a 
portion of the payment obligation amount is classified as a long-term liability.  

The Company included $0.5 million and $0.6 million of interest expense during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, 

respectively, in its consolidated statements of operations for interest accreted on the long-term payment obligation.   

The ongoing payment obligation in connection with the Hirsch acquisition as of December 31, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):  

2016 
2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
Thereafter 
Present value discount factor 
Total 

   $ 

   $ 

1,160   
1,200   
1,248   
1,298   
1,444   
372   
(1,163 ) 
5,559   

66 

  
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
8. Financial Liabilities  

Financial liabilities consist of (in thousands):  

Secured term loan 
Bank revolving loan facility 
Less: Unamortized discount 

Long-term financial liabilities 

Bank Term Loan and Revolving Loan Facility  

December 31, 
2015 

December 31, 
2014 

$ 

$ 

10,000      $ 
8,300     
(196 )   
18,104      $ 

10,000   
4,300   
(362 ) 
13,938   

On March 31, 2014, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Opus. The Credit Agreement 
provides for a term loan in aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million (“Term Loan”) which was drawn down on March 31, 2014, 
and an additional $10.0 million revolving loan facility (“Revolving Loan Facility”), of which $4.0 million was drawn down on March 
31, 2014 and an additional $2.0 million was drawn down during the three months ended June 30, 2014. On August 8, 2014, the 
Company repaid $1.7 million on the Revolving Loan Facility. In connection with the closing of the Credit Agreement, the Company 
repaid all outstanding amounts under its Hercules Debt Facility. The proceeds of the Term Loan and the initial proceeds under the 
Revolving Loan Facility, after payment of fees and expenses and all outstanding amounts under the Hercules Debt Facility, were 
approximately $7.8 million. The obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all the assets of 
the Company. Certain of the Company’s material domestic subsidiaries have guaranteed the Term Loan and the Revolving Loan 
Facility and have granted Opus security interests in substantially all of their respective assets.   

In connection with the Company’s entry into the Credit Agreement, the Company paid $170,000 in customary lender fees and 

expenses, including facility fees. As discussed in Note 4, Stockholders’ Equity, the Company issued the Opus Warrant  to purchase up 
to 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $9.90. The Company calculated the fair value of 
the Opus Warrant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions: estimated volatility of 92.09%, risk-
free interest rate of 1.73%, no dividend yield and an expected life of five years. The fair value of the Opus Warrant was determined to 
be $0.8 million. The Opus Warrant is classified as equity in accordance with ASC 505 as the settlement of the warrant will be in 
shares and is within the control of the Company. The Company allocated both the cash and warrant (equity) consideration to the Term 
Loan and Revolving Loan Facility using the relative value of these loans. The Company recorded a total of $0.9 million in issuance 
costs, both cash and equity, related to the Term Loan and Revolving Loan Facility. Cost consideration of $0.5 million allocated for the 
Term Loan was recorded as a discount on the Term Loan and is reported in the balance sheet as an adjustment to the carrying amount 
of the Term Loan. The remaining $0.4 million in issuance costs was allocated to the Revolving Loan Facility as a deferred 
charge, pursuant to ASC Topic 835-30, Imputation of Interest (“ASC 835-30”). The issuance costs and discounts related to the Credit 
Agreement are amortized as interest expense in accordance with ASC 835-30 over the term of the Credit Agreement. 

On November 10, 2014, the Company entered into an amendment to its Credit Agreement  (the “Amended Credit Agreement”). 
Under the Amended Credit Agreement, the revolving loan facility was increased from $10.0 million to $30.0 million and the revolving 
loan maturity date was extended to November 10, 2017. In addition, the Company is no longer required to make scheduled monthly 
installment payments of principal under the Term Loan. Rather, the entire principal balance of the Term Loan will be due on March 
31, 2017. Under the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement, both the principal amount of the Term Loan and the principal amount 
outstanding under the Revolving Loan Facility bear interest at a floating rate equal to: (a) if the Company holds more than $30.0 
million in cash with Opus, the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 1.50% and (ii) 4.75%; (b) if the Company holds $30.0 million or less 
but more than $20.0 million in cash with Opus, the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 2.25% and (ii) 5.50%; or (c) if the Company holds 
$20.0 million or less in cash with Opus, the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 2.75% and (ii) 6.00%. Interest on both facilities continues 
to be payable monthly. Additionally, the Amended Credit Agreement (i) modifies certain loan covenants applicable to the Company’s 
stock repurchase plan (see above), (ii) removes from the loan collateral shares of the Company’s capital stock repurchased by the 
Company and (iii) extends the current tangible net worth covenant by one year. The Company paid .333% of the revolving loan 
facility as a lender fee in the aggregate amount of $100,000 upon the signing of the Amended Credit Agreement. In addition, the 
Company paid $75,000 in third party fees related to the debt modification. Under the relevant debt restructuring accounting guidance 
found in ASC 470, the amendment to the Credit Agreement on November 10, 2014 has been treated as a debt modification. The Opus 
and third party fees have been allocated to the Revolving Loan Facility as a deferred charge and to the discount on the Term Loan 
pursuant to ASC Topic 470-50-40 and are being amortized as interest expense over the remaining term of the Amended Credit 
Agreement. The Company may voluntarily prepay the Term Loan and outstanding amounts under the Revolving Loan Facility, 
without prepayment charges, and is required to make prepayments of the Term Loan in certain circumstances using the proceeds of 
asset sales or insurance or condemnation events. 

67 

  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative 

covenants, including, limits or restrictions on the Company’s ability to incur liens, incur indebtedness, make certain restricted 
payments, merge or consolidate and dispose of assets. The Amended Credit Agreement also provides for customary financial 
covenants, including a minimum tangible net worth covenant, a maximum senior leverage ratio and a minimum asset coverage ratio. 

On December 4, 2015, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Credit Amendment”) to the Amended Credit Agreement. 

The Credit Amendment amended and restated Section 7.11(a) Financial Covenants to read as follows: “Tangible Net Worth. Permit 
the sum of the Consolidated Tangible Net Worth plus the amount shown on the Borrower’s current balance sheet for the 1994 
Settlement Agreement to be less than the sum of $8,000,000 plus, an amount equal to 50% of the amount of any Cash proceeds from 
any equity or Subordinated Debt issued by the Borrower after December 1, 2015 as of the end of any fiscal quarter of the Borrower 
measured quarterly beginning at the end of the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2015.” In addition, Opus waived any Default or 
Event of Default arising under the Credit Agreement due to the failure of the Company to comply with the requirements of 
Section 7.11(a) of the Credit Agreement (Tangible Net Worth) for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2015. As of December 31, 
2015, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Amended Credit Agreement. 

In addition, it contains customary events of default that entitle Opus to cause any or all of the Company’s indebtedness under the 
Amended Credit Agreement to become immediately due and payable. Events of default (some of which are subject to applicable grace 
or cure periods), include, among other things, non-payment defaults, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to other material indebtedness, 
bankruptcy and insolvency defaults and material judgment defaults. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of 
default, Opus may terminate its lending commitments and/or declare all or any part of the unpaid principal of all loans, all interest 
accrued and unpaid thereon and all other amounts payable under the Amended Credit Agreement to be immediately due and payable. 
The Company has considered the components of the material adverse change clause of the Amended Credit Agreement and 
determined the likelihood of default under the existing terms is remote. Accordingly, all amounts outstanding under the Amended 
Credit Agreement are classified as long-term in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. 

The following table summarizes the timing of repayment obligations for the Company’s financial liabilities for the next five 

years under the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):  

Bank term loan and revolving loan facility 

   $ 

—      $ 

18,300      $ 

—      $ 

—      $ 

18,300   

2016 

2017 

2018 

2019 

Total 

9. Income Taxes  

Loss before income taxes for domestic and non-U.S. continuing operations is as follows:  

 (In thousands) 
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and noncontrolling interest: 

2015 

2014 

U.S. 
Foreign 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and  noncontrolling interest 

   $ 

   $ 

(43,518 )    $ 
4,520        
(38,998 )    $ 

(16,022 ) 
(2,307 ) 
(18,329 ) 

68 

  
  
  
    
    
    
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
  
     
        
   
     
  
The benefit (provision) for income taxes consisted of the following:  

(In thousands) 
Deferred: 
Federal 
State 
Foreign 

Current 

Federal 
State 
Foreign 
Total current 
Total provision for income taxes 

Significant items making up deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:  

(In thousands) 
Deferred tax assets: 

Allowances not currently deductible for tax purposes 
Net operating loss carryforwards 
Accrued and other 

Less valuation allowance 

Deferred tax liability: 

Depreciation and amortization 
Other 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

December 31, 

2015 

2014 

—      $ 
—        
—        
—      $ 

—      $ 
(16 )      
(206 )      
(222 )      
(222 )    $ 

—   
—   
—   
—   

44   
56   
(195 ) 
(95 ) 
(95 ) 

December 31, 

2015 

2014 

3,481      $ 
62,779        
8,781        
75,041        
(70,478 )      
4,563        

(2,774 )      
(1,789 )      
(4,563 )      

3,555   
60,774   
2,759   
67,088   
(62,646 ) 
4,442   

(3,525 ) 
(917 ) 
(4,442 ) 

Net deferred tax liability 

   $ 

—      $ 

—   

Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be 
generated to use the existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss 
incurred over the three-year period ended December 31, 2015. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective 
evidence such as the Company’s projections for future growth.  

A valuation allowance of $70.5 million and $62.6 million at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, has been 

recorded to offset the related net deferred tax assets as the Company is unable to conclude that it is more likely than not that such 
deferred tax assets will be realized. The net deferred tax liabilities are primarily from foreign tax liabilities as well as intangibles 
acquired as a result of the acquisition of Hirsch, which are not deductible for tax purposes.  

As of December 31, 2015, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of $89.7 million for federal, $17.6 million for state 

and $117.5 million for foreign income tax purposes. The Company’s loss carryforwards began to expire in 2015, and will continue to 
expire through 2033 if not utilized.  

The Tax Reform Act of 1986 (the “Reform Act”) limits the use of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in certain 
situations where changes occur in stock ownership. The Company completed its acquisition of Bluehill ID on January 4, 2010, which 
resulted in a stock ownership change as defined by the Reform Act. This transaction resulted in limitations on the annual utilization of 
federal and state net operating loss carryforwards. As a result, the Company reevaluated its deferred tax assets available under the 
Reform Act. The loss carryforward amounts, excluding the valuation allowance, presented above have been adjusted for the limitation 
resulting from the change in ownership in accordance with the provisions of the Reform Act.  

69 

 
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
        
   
     
     
  
     
        
   
     
     
     
  
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
        
   
     
     
  
     
     
  
     
     
        
   
     
     
  
     
  
     
        
   
  
The (benefit) provision for income taxes reconciles to the amount computed by applying the statutory federal tax rate to the loss 

before income taxes from continuing operation is as follows:  

(In thousands) 
Income tax expense (benefit) at statutory federal tax rate of 
   34% 
Earn-out consideration 
State taxes, net of federal benefit 
Foreign taxes benefits provided for at rates other than U.S 
   statutory rate 
Change in valuation allowance 
Goodwill impairment 
Permanent differences 
Other 
Total provision for income taxes 

December 31, 

2015 

2014 

   $ 

   $ 

(13,247 )    $ 
—        
11        

(1,349 )      
11,728        
2,646        
731        
(298 )      
222      $ 

(6,035 ) 
1,193   
(37 ) 

965   
3,845   
—   
492   
(328 ) 
95   

The Company has no present intention of remitting undistributed retained earnings of any of its foreign subsidiaries. 

Accordingly, the Company has not established a deferred tax liability with respect to undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries.  

U.S. income and foreign withholding taxes have not been recognized on the excess of the amount for financial reporting over 

the tax basis of investments in foreign subsidiaries that is indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. This amount becomes 
taxable upon a repatriation of assets from the subsidiary or a sale or liquidation of the subsidiary. The determination and presentation 
of the amount of such temporary differences as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, is not practicable because of complexities of the 
hypothetical calculation.  

The Company applies the provisions of, and accounted for uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740. ASC 740 
clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. It prescribes a recognition 
threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be 
taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim 
periods, disclosure, and transition.  

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits with an impact on the Company’s 

consolidated balance sheets or results of operations is as follows:  

(In thousands) 
Balance at January 1 
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 
Additions for tax positions of prior years 
Reductions in prior year tax positions 
Reductions in prior year tax positions due to completion of audit 
Other reductions in prior year tax positions 
Balance at December 31 

2015 

2014 

   $ 

   $ 

2,886      $ 
352        
—        
—        
—        
(15 )      
3,223      $ 

2,800   
319   
4   
(125 ) 
—   
(112 ) 
2,886   

While timing of the resolution and/or finalization of tax audits is uncertain, the Company does not believe that its unrecognized 

tax benefits as disclosed in the above table would materially change in the next 12 months. The reduction to the amount of 
unrecognized tax benefits during 2015 was primarily due to the expiration of statutes of limitations on tax attributes carried forward 
for prior years.  

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits of $3.1 million and $2.8 

million, respectively, which were accounted for as a decrease to deferred tax assets. Since there was a full valuation allowance against 
these deferred tax assets, there was no impact on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets or results of operations for the years 
2015 and 2014. Also the subsequent recognition, if any, of these previously unrecognized tax benefits would not affect the effective 
tax rate. Such recognition would result in adjustments to other tax accounts, primarily deferred taxes. The amount of unrecognized tax 
benefits, which, if recognized would affect the tax rate is $0.1 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.  

70 

 
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
 
  
    
  
     
     
     
     
     
  
The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as income tax expense. During 
fiscal 2015, the Company recorded a reduction to accrued penalties of $400 and a reduction to accrued interest of $3,000 related to the 
unrecognized tax benefits noted above. As of December 31, 2015, the Company has recognized a total liability for penalties of 
$15,000 and interest of $24,000. During fiscal 2014, the Company recorded a reduction to accrued penalties of $51,000 and a 
reduction to accrued interest of $7,000 related to the unrecognized tax benefits noted above. As of December 31, 2014, the Company 
has recognized a total liability for penalties of $15,000 and interest of $21,000. 

The Company files U.S. federal, U.S. state and foreign tax returns. The Company generally is no longer subject to tax 

examinations for years prior to 2010. However, if loss carryforwards of tax years prior to 2010 are utilized in the U.S., these tax years 
may become subject to investigation by the tax authorities.  

10. Segment Reporting and Geographic Information  

ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”) establishes standards for the reporting by public business enterprises of 
information about operating segments, products and services and by geographic areas. The method for determining what information 
to report is based on the way management organizes the operating segments within the Company for making operating decisions and 
assessing financial performance. An operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities 
from which it may earn revenue and incur expenses and about which separate financial information is available to its chief operating 
decision makers (“CODM”). The Company’s CODM is considered its CEO.  

The CODM reviews financial information and business performance for each operating segment. The Company evaluates the 

performance of its operating segments at the revenue and gross profit levels. The Company does not report total assets, capital 
expenditures or operating expenses by operating segment as such information is not used by the CODM for purposes of assessing 
performance or allocating resources or has not been accounted for at the segment level.  

71 

 
Net revenue and gross profit information by segment for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in 

thousands):  

Year Ended December 31, 
2014 
2015 

Premises: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Identity: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Credentials: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

All Other: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Total: 

Net revenue 
Gross profit 
Gross profit margin 

Operating expenses: 

Research and development 
Selling and marketing 
General and administrative 
Earn-out consideration 
Impairment of goodwill 
Restructuring and severance 

Total operating expenses: 
Loss from operations 
Non-operating income (expense): 
Interest expense, net 
Foreign currency loss (gain), net 
Loss from continuing operations before income 
   taxes and noncontrolling interest 

  $ 

19,963      $ 
11,522        
58 %     

11,950        
5,040        
42 %     

27,336        
5,613        
21 %     

1,545        
974        
63 %     

60,794        
23,149        
38 %     

9,151        
20,236        
19,604        
—        
8,771        
1,266        
59,028        
(35,879 )      

(1,908 )      
(1,211 )      

19,033   
11,358   

60 % 

17,045   
8,232   

48 % 

41,565   
11,898   

29 % 

3,606   
1,968   

55 % 

81,249   
33,456   

41 % 

6,902   
20,635   
12,751   
3,510   
—   
3,098   
46,896   
(13,440 ) 

(3,619 ) 
(1,270 ) 

  $ 

(38,998 )    $ 

(18,329 ) 

72 

  
  
 
  
  
 
     
  
      
         
  
    
    
      
         
  
    
    
    
      
         
  
    
    
    
      
         
  
    
    
    
      
         
  
    
    
    
      
         
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
         
  
    
    
 
  
Geographic net revenue is based on customer’s ship-to location. Information regarding net revenue by geographic region is as 

follows (in thousands):  

Americas 

United States 
Other 
Total Americas 

Europe and the Middle East 
Asia-Pacific 
Total 
Revenues 

Americas 
Europe and the Middle East 
Asia-Pacific 

Total 

  $ 

  $ 

Year Ended December 31, 
2014 
2015 

40,848      $ 
—        
40,848        
9,472        
10,474        
60,794      $ 

67 %     
16 %     
17 %     
100 %     

51,318   
4   
51,322   
15,835   
14,092   
81,249   

63 % 
20 % 
17 % 
100 % 

Long-lived assets by geographic location as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in thousands):  

Property and equipment, net: 

Americas 

United States 
Other 

Total Americas 
Europe and the Middle East 

Germany 

Total Europe and the Middle East 
Asia-Pacific 
Singapore 
Other 

Total Asia-Pacific 

Total property and equipment, net 

December 31, 
2015 

     December 31, 

2014 

$ 

$ 

2,096     $ 
—       
2,096       

295       
295       

1,807       
20       
1,827       
4,218     $ 

2,134   
—   
2,134   

1,252   
1,252   

1,867   
58   
1,925   
5,311   

The Company’s net revenue is represented by the following product categories as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in 

thousands):  

Tags and transponders 
Logical and physical access control readers 
Controller panels 
Access cards and provisioning 
Third party access control products 
Other 

Total 

Year Ended December 31, 
2014 
2015 

   $ 

   $ 

20,310      $ 
17,165     
10,272     
7,394     
1,523     
4,130     
60,794      $ 

34,659   
21,084   
9,215   
7,413   
2,097   
6,781   
81,249   

11. Restructuring and Severance  

During the year ended December 31, 2014, certain employees were terminated as part of management’s efforts to simplify 

business operations and facilities were closed or are scheduled to close. As a result, the Company recorded $3.1 million in 
restructuring and severance costs, lease termination costs, stock award modification charges and other closure related costs in its 
consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014. In addition, the Company recorded an additional $0.4 

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million in severance costs during the year ended December 31, 2014 in general and administrative expenses related to executive 
position resignations and eliminations in conjunction with recent corporate restructuring and cost reduction activities. During 2015, 
the Company recorded an additional $1.3 million in severance costs, as part of management’s continuing efforts to simplify business 
operations. 

All unpaid restructuring and severance accruals are included in other accrued expenses and liabilities within current liabilities in 

the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Restructuring and severance activities during the year 
ended December 31, 2015 were as follows (in thousands): 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Restructuring expense incurred and changes in estimates 
Other cost reduction activities 
Payments and non-cash item adjustment 
Balance at December 31, 2015 

Restructuring 
and Severance 

   $ 

   $ 

1,377   
1,266   
81   
(2,091 ) 
633   

In addition to the initiatives noted above, on January 27, 2016, the Company commenced the implementation of a worldwide 

restructuring plan designed to refocus its resources on its core business segments, including physical access and transponders, and to 
consolidate its operations in several worldwide locations. The restructuring plan includes a reduction of approximately 25% of its non-
manufacturing employee base, reallocating overhead roles into direct business activities and the elimination of certain management 
and executive roles. See Note 15 Subsequent Events in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.  

12. Legal Proceedings  

On December 7, 2015, the Company and certain of its present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a 

putative class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Ruggiero v. 
Identiv, Inc., et al., Case No. 15-cv-05583.  The complaint in that lawsuit alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 
1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934 based on allegations that the Company 
made false and/or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 2013 
and 2015.  The complaint sought unspecified monetary damages, reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees, and equitable and injunctive 
relief.  On December 16, 2015, that lawsuit was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice.  

Between December 2015 and February 2016, a number of other shareholder lawsuits were filed.  On December 16, 2015, the 

Company and certain of its present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit filed 
in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Rok v. Identiv, Inc., et al., Case No. 15-cv-05775, 
alleging violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the 
Exchange Act of 1934.  In addition, three shareholder derivative actions were filed between January and February 2016.  On January 1, 
2016, certain of the Company’s present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and the Company was named as 
nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, 
entitled Oswald v. Humphreys, et al., Case No. 16-cv-00241-JCS, alleging breach of fiduciary duty and abuse of control claims.  On 
January 25, 2016, certain of the Company’s present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and the Company 
was named as nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of 
Alameda, entitled Chopra v. Hart, et al., Case No. RG16801379, alleging breach of fiduciary duty claims.  On February 9, 2016, 
certain of the Company’s present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and the Company was named as 
nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda, 
entitled Wollnik v. Wenzel, et al., Case No. HG16803342, alleging breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, gross mismanagement, 
and unjust enrichment claims.  These lawsuits generally allege that the Company made false and/or misleading statements and/or 
failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 2013 and 2015.  Each of the lawsuits seeks one or more 
of the following remedies: unspecified compensatory damages, unspecified exemplary or punitive damages, restitution, declaratory 
relief, equitable and injunctive relief, and reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees.  The Company intends to vigorously defend against 
these lawsuits.  The Company cannot currently predict the impact or resolution of each of these lawsuits or reasonably estimate a 
range of possible loss, which could be material, and the resolution of these lawsuits may harm its business and have a material adverse 
impact on its financial condition. 

From time to time, the Company could be subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of business or be a defendant in 

additional lawsuits. The outcome of such claims or other proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty and may have a material 
effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.  

74 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
13. Commitments and Contingencies 

The Company leases its facilities, certain equipment, and automobiles under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Those 

lease agreements existing as of December 31, 2015 expire at various dates during the next six years.  

The Company recognized rent expense of $1.8 million and $1.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, 

respectively, in its consolidated statements of operations.  

The following table summarizes the Company’s principal contractual commitments as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):  

2016 
2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
Thereafter 

   $ 

   $ 

Operating 
Leases 

Purchase 
Commitments     
8,153   
 $ 
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
8,153      $ 

Other 
Contractual 
Commitments     
9   
 $ 
6   
—   
—   
—   
—   
15      $ 

 $ 

1,737   
1,191   
430   
328   
329   
110   
4,125      $ 

Total 

9,899   
1,197   
430   
328   
329   
110   
12,293   

Purchase commitments for inventories are highly dependent upon forecasts of customer demand. Due to the uncertainty in 
demand from its customers, the Company may have to change, reschedule, or cancel purchases or purchase orders from its suppliers. 
These changes may lead to vendor cancellation charges on these purchases or contractual commitments.  

The Company provides warranties on certain product sales for periods ranging from 12 to 24 months, and allowances for 
estimated warranty costs are recorded during the period of sale. The determination of such allowances requires the Company to make 
estimates of product return rates and expected costs to repair or to replace the products under warranty. The Company currently 
establishes warranty reserves based on historical warranty costs for each product line combined with liability estimates based on the 
prior 12 months’ sales activities. If actual return rates and/or repair and replacement costs differ significantly from the Company’s 
estimates, adjustments to recognize additional cost of sales may be required in future periods. Historically the warranty accrual and the 
expense amounts have been immaterial.  

On May 21, 2015, the Company received notification from NASDAQ that it no longer met the requirements for continued 
listing under NASDAQ’s listing rules because of the failure to file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended 
March 31, 2015. The Company subsequently submitted a plan of compliance to NASDAQ, and was given until November 16, 2015 to 
regain compliance with the continued listing requirements.  The plan of compliance included an undertaking to file our Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, which had also become delinquent. The Company subsequently was unable 
to file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015.  On November 17, 2015, the Company received a 
notice from NASDAQ informing the Company that as a result of its failure  to regain compliance with the continued listing 
requirements by November 16, 2015, and because the September 30, 2015 Form 10-Q was also delinquent, The Company’s common 
stock was subject to delisting. The Company requested and was granted a hearing before the NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Panel 
(“the Panel”) to appeal the delisting determination. On January 26, 2016, the Company was notified that the Panel had granted its 
request to remain listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market, subject to certain conditions. The Panel determined the Company’s 
common stock would remain listed subject to the Company becoming current with its periodic filings with the SEC by March 30, 
2016, and the Company holding its annual meeting of stockholders on or before May 12, 2016. If the Company does not maintain 
compliance with the remainder of The NASDAQ Capital Market’s continued listing requirements on an ongoing basis and timely 
comply with the conditions of the Panel’s decision, the Company’s common stock may be immediately delisted from The NASDAQ 
Capital Market. 

14. Related Party Transaction 

As discussed in Note 3 Fair Value Measurements, the Company recorded an earn-out obligation of $3.51 million as of 
December 31, 2014 related to the SPA (as defined in Note 3). The SPA provided for further consideration to be paid to the Selling 
Shareholders for each of the years or part years ended December 31, 2011 through 2015 based on the achievement of specific financial 
and sales performance targets, with the measurement of those achievements to be determined based on the financial records of 
idOnDemand. However, since the idOnDemand product group has been fully integrated into the Company since the acquisition and, 
as such, it was impractical to derive the discrete financial records of the related product group, the Company decided to engage a third 

75 

 
  
  
  
    
  
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
party independent valuation firm to assist in the validation of the Earn-out Consideration liability as of December 31, 2014. The 
valuation was based on a calculation of the Company’s internal sales performance data as well as consideration of comparable 
companies’ metrics and data. The Board of Directors of the Company considered this valuation, among other factors, and approved 
the Earn-out Consideration liability for the period ended December 31, 2014. 

As outlined in the SPA, certain of the Selling Shareholders include the Company’s former CEO and former CFO. The $3.51 
million Earn-out Consideration liability was settled during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 by the issuance of common stock to the 
Selling Shareholders in proportion to their former shareholdings, which included approximately 87% held by Jason Hart representing 
approximately $3,040,000 and approximately 0.3% held by Brian Nelson representing approximately $10,500 of the total Earn-out 
Consideration. The Company issued 294,750 and 921 shares of common stock to Mr. Hart and Mr. Nelson, respectively, which shares 
have a lock-up period of 12 months from the date of issuance.  

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company allocated as additional compensation to Mr. Hart $97,868 of previously 

reimbursed expenses in 2014 which the Company subsequently determined should not have been reimbursed either because such 
expenses were not consistent with its expense guidelines and policies or because insufficient documentation was provided to support 
such expense reimbursements. At the Company’s request, in February 2016 Mr. Hart repaid the Company $35,784 of such amount. 

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company allocated as additional compensation to Mr. Hart $97,868 of previously 

reimbursed expenses in 2014 which the Company subsequently determined should not have been reimbursed either because such 
expenses were not consistent with its expense guidelines and policies or because insufficient documentation was provided to support 
such expense reimbursements. At the Company’s request, in February 2016 Mr. Hart repaid the Company $35,784 of such amount. 

15. Subsequent Events 

On January 26, 2016, the Company was notified that the NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Panel (the “Panel”) had granted the 

Company’s request to remain listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market, subject to certain conditions. The Panel determined the 
Company’s common stock would remain listed subject to the Company becoming current in its periodic filings with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission by March 30, 2016, and holding its annual meeting of stockholders on or before May 12, 2016. The Company 
filed its delinquent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q on March 29, 2016. If the Company does not maintain compliance with the 
remainder of The NASDAQ Capital Market’s continued listing requirements on an ongoing basis and timely comply with the 
conditions of the Panel’s decision, its common stock may be immediately delisted from The NASDAQ Capital Market. Any such 
delisting could have a material adverse effect on the price of the Company’s common stock, the liquidity of its stock, the Company’s 
business and its ability to raise capital. 

On January 27, 2016, the Company commenced the implementation of a worldwide restructuring plan designed to refocus the 
Company’s resources on its core business segments, including physical access and transponders, and to consolidate its operations in 
several worldwide locations. The restructuring plan includes a reduction of approximately 25% of the Company’s non-manufacturing 
employee base, reallocates overhead roles into direct business activities and eliminates certain management and executive roles. In 
connection with the restructuring, the Company estimates that it will incur aggregate cash charges of approximately $1.6 million to 
$2.0 million, consisting of approximately $1.5 million to $1.75 million related to severance payments to employees and approximately 
$100,000 to $250,000 in lease termination fees. The majority of the charges are expected to be paid out during the first quarter of 
2016. 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9. 

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE  

On November 23, 2015, the Company received notice from BDO USA, LLP (“BDO”) that BDO had resigned, effective 
immediately, as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. The report of BDO on the Company’s consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion and were not 
qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles  

BDO advised the Board of Directors that BDO was unwilling to be associated with the consolidated financial statements 
prepared by management for any of the fiscal periods within 2015 and would not complete its reviews of the interim financial 
information as of or for the periods ended March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015 or September 30, 2015, and additionally would not audit the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ending December 31, 2015 because of the disagreement described 
below.  

For the purposes of this disclosure, the term “disagreement” is interpreted and used broadly, to include any difference of opinion 
concerning any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure which, if not 
resolved to the satisfaction of BDO, would have caused it to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in connection 
with its report.  

During fiscal year 2015, the Board formed a Special Committee to investigate the allegations contained in a complaint. BDO 

advised the Board that BDO disagreed with the scope and the remediation of the special investigation that was undertaken by the 
Special Committee of the Board. The subject matter of the special investigation was first disclosed by the Company in a Form NTN 
10-K filed with the SEC on May 1, 2015 and a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 4, 2015. The Board 
determined that the scope and the remediation of the special investigation were appropriate.  

In addition, BDO informed the Board of two material weaknesses in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

The first material weakness identified by BDO related to the Company’s entity level controls, including a determination by BDO that 
“with respect to the results of the special investigation undertaken by the Special Committee during 2015, the Company’s senior 
management leadership and operating style and the Board’s oversight did not result in an open flow of information and 
communication and did not support an environment where accountability is valued.”  

The second material weakness identified by BDO related to revenue recognition; BDO determined that the Company had not 

designed and implemented appropriate controls to provide reasonable assurance that revenue transactions are adequately analyzed and 
reviewed to prevent or timely detect and correct misstatements. Specifically, during the course of conducting review procedures on the 
Company’s interim financial information for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, BDO identified significant adjustments with respect to 
revenue transactions which resulted in the deferral of revenue; which errors were not identified by the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting. Those errors arose primarily as a result of the following matters:  

• 

• 

The Company did not appropriately consider the accounting for a revenue transaction totaling approximately $3.2 
million, where the fact pattern suggested that the terms on the sales were not “fixed or determinable.” This resulted in a 
correcting adjustment of revenue of $3.2 million.  

In a different revenue transaction, there were undelivered elements in the arrangement that were not adequately 
considered and assessed by the Company, resulting in a correcting adjustment of $0.6 million.  

The first of these transactions related to a significant long-standing reseller, with which the Company was in discussions 
regarding delivery and payment schedules. The $3.2 million shipment was made and accepted in June 2015, and the Company 
provided 90 day “extended payment terms” specified by the customer during the quarter ended June 30, 2015. The Company 
originally recorded revenue during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 whereas the fact pattern indicated that the terms were not “fixed or 
determinable” at the time and revenue should have been recorded when the amount became due and payable by the customer. The 
account was fully paid in September 2015, and the revenue recognized upon payment during the quarter ended September 30, 2015.  

The second transaction related to an agreement that BDO was made aware of during the quarter ended June 30, 2015. The 

Company considered revenue recognition with respect to this transaction and prepared a memorandum that was provided to BDO. 
While the customer accepted delivery of the non-recurring engineering work in June 2015, BDO advised, and the Company agreed, 
that the Company, in its memorandum, had failed to conclude that there were undelivered software elements in the arrangement for 
which vendor specific objective evidence of fair value had not been established and accordingly, the Company recorded an adjustment 
in June 2015 to defer this revenue. 

77 

 
 
 
ITEM 9A. 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures  

As of the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, as required in Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, we carried out 

an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of members of our senior management, including our CEO and interim 
CFO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-
15(e) under the Exchange Act). Disclosure controls and procedures are those controls and other procedures that are designed to 
provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in our SEC reports that we file or submit under the 
Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is 
accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and interim CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions 
regarding required disclosure. 

Based on our evaluation, our management, including our CEO and interim CFO, concluded that as of December 31, 2015, our 
disclosure controls and procedures were not effective because of the material weakness described below in Management’s Report on 
Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  Notwithstanding the material weakness discussed below, our management, including our 
CEO and interim CFO, has concluded that the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K present fairly, in all 
material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in 

Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United 
States, or U.S. GAAP. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. 
GAAP. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records 
that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide 
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in 
accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with 
authorizations of management and or directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of 
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the interim or annual 
consolidated financial statements. 

A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance that the objectives of the 
control system are met. Because there are inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute 
assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been or will be detected. 

A deficiency in internal control over financial reporting exists when the design or operation of a control does not allow 

management or employees, in the normal course of performing their assigned functions, to prevent or detect misstatements on a timely 
basis. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there 
is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented 
or detected on a timely basis. 

Our management, including our CEO and interim CFO, assessed our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 

2015. In making the assessment of internal control over financial reporting, our management based its assessment on the criteria 
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in “Internal Control — Integrated 
Framework of 2013.” Our management’s assessment included evaluation of such elements as the design and operating effectiveness of 
key financial reporting controls, process documentation, accounting policies, and our overall control environment. This assessment is 
supported by testing and monitoring performed by our internal accounting and finance organization. 

Based on management’s assessment, including consideration of the control deficiencies discussed below, management has 

concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2015, due to the 
following material weakness. 

Inadequate design and application of controls related to financial statement close process – Management determined that the 
Company’s design and operating effectiveness of controls over the financial statement close process related to the application of the 
Company’s accounting policies and the presentation of disclosures in the financial statements has been inadequate.  Specifically, this 
material weakness arises from insufficient review and oversight of the recording of complex and non-routine transactions, including 
revenue transactions, due to an insufficient number of accounting personnel with appropriate knowledge, experience or training in U.S. 

78 

GAAP. A similar material weakness was previously identified and disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended 
December 2012 and 2013, and a remediation plan was implemented.  However in 2015, in the context of managing a significant 
change in accounting systems and organizational structure, the loss of legacy knowledge in respect of our old consolidation system, 
the diversion of resources related to an internal investigation which delayed the filing of our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, two 
material weaknesses identified by our prior auditors as described in Item 9, and other external factors, it became apparent that all the 
information necessary to record complex and non-routine transactions has not been available and addressed timely, resulting in a 
number of late accounting adjustments. 

Remediation of Prior Material Weakness in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

A number of remediation actions and organizational changes have been enacted to address specific control weaknesses 
identified in our revenue and expenditure cycles, and the Company is committed to complete its move to a single accounting system 
across all its businesses during the course of 2016.  In particular, we expect that the financial close and consolidation process will be 
carried out entirely within our new system environment from the second quarter of 2016.  Additionally, as part of our restructuring 
changes announced in the first quarter of 2016, we are continuing to streamline our global operations and concentrate our accounting 
and finance function in Orange County, California, close to our executive management and U.S. GAAP resources.  Management 
expects to complete the implementation of remediation measures, and as a result remediate the existing material weakness described 
above, during 2016. 

In addition, under the direction of the Audit Committee of the Board, our management will continue to review and make 

necessary changes to the overall design of our internal control environment, as well as to policies and procedures to improve the 
overall effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. As we continue to evaluate and work to improve our internal control 
over financial reporting, our management may determine to take additional measures to address control deficiencies. 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting  

Other than the items noted above, we have made no changes to our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter 

ended December 31, 2015 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over 
financial reporting. 

ITEM 9B. 

OTHER INFORMATION  

Not applicable.  

79 

 
 
 
PART III  

ITEM 10. 

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  

The information required by Item 10 concerning our directors will be set forth under the captions “Business Experience of 
Directors” and “Policy for Director Recommendations and Nominations” in our Proxy Statement relating to our 2016 Annual Meeting 
of Stockholders, referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as the “Proxy Statement,” which we expect to file within 120 days of 
the end of our fiscal year pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K. Such information is incorporated herein by reference. 
Certain information required by this item concerning executive officers is set forth in Part I of this Report under the caption 
“Executive Officers of the Registrant” and is incorporated herein by reference. The information required by this item concerning 
compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is incorporated by reference to the section captioned “Section 16(a) Beneficial 
Ownership Reporting Compliance” that will be set forth in our Proxy Statement. The information required by this item concerning our 
code of ethics is incorporated by reference to the section captioned “Code of Conduct and Ethics” in our Proxy Statement. The 
information required by this item concerning the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors is incorporated by reference to the 
section captioned “Committees of the Board of Directors” in our Proxy Statement.  

ITEM 11. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

The information required by Item 11 will be contained in our Proxy Statement under the captions “Compensation of Directors” 

and “Executive Compensation”, which information is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 12. 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED 
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  

The information required by Item 12 will be set forth under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and 

Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by 
reference.  

ITEM 13. 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE  

The information required by Item 13 will be set forth under the captions “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and 

“Director Independence” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 14. 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  

The information required by Item 14 will be set forth under the captions “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” and “Policy 
on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services of Our Independent Registered Public Accountants” 
in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.  

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 15. 

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  

(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report:  

PART IV  

1. Financial Statements: Consolidated Financial Statements filed as part of this report are listed under Item 8. Financial 
Statements and Supplementary Data  

2. Financial Statement Schedules: None  

3. Exhibits: The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this 
report  

81 

 
 
 
 
3. Exhibits  

Exhibit  
Number 

2.1 

2.2 

3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

3.6 

3.7 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3 

4.4 

4.5 

Description of Document 

Share Purchase Agreement between SCM Microsystems, Inc. d/b/a/ Identive Group, Dr. George Levy, Mr. Matt 
McDaniel, GL Investments, LLC, Mr. Hugo Garcia, Mr. Stan Kenney and RockWest Technology Group LLC dated 
March 30, 2010. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on 
March 31, 2010.) 

Stock Purchase Agreement, dated April 29, 2011, between Identive Group, Inc. and the Selling Shareholders of 
idOnDemand, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 
4, 2011.) 

Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the 
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4/A, filed on November 10, 2009 (SEC File No. 333-162618).) 

Certificate of Amendment to Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.) 

Certificate of Amendment to Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2010.) 

Certificate of Amendment to Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 7, 2011.) 

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2002.) 

Certificate of Designation of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of Series A Participating Preferred Stock of SCM 
Microsystems, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A 
filed on November 14, 2002.) 

Certificate of Amendment to Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2014.) 

Specimen Common Stock Certificate. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2010.) 

Form of Subscription Agreement for Private Placement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 14, 2013.) 

Form of Warrant issued in connection with Private Placement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 14, 2013.) 

Registration Rights Agreement between Identive Group, Inc. and Opus Bank dated March 31, 2014. (Incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2014.) 

Warrant issued to Opus Bank, dated March 31, 2014. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration Number 333-195931) filed on May 13, 2014.) 

10.1* 

Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement. 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4* 

10.5* 

Amended and Restated Settlement Agreement, dated April 8, 2009. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 4, 2009.) 

Limited Guarantee, dated April 8, 2009. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed on April 9, 2009.) 

2011 Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Annex B of the Company’s Definitive 
Proxy Statement filed April 28, 2014.) 

2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed on June 7, 2011.) 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit  
Number 

10.6* 

10.7* 

10.8* 

10.9* 

10.10* 

10.11* 

10.12* 

10.13* 

10.14* 

10.15* 

10.16 

10.17 

10.18 

10.19 

10.20 

10.21 

Description of Document 

Employment Agreement between Identive Group, Inc. and Lawrence Midland dated March 18, 2014. (Incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 19, 2014.) 

Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement dated March 18, 2014, between Identiv, Inc. and Lawrence Midland, 
dated July 31, 2014. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on 
August 4, 2014.) 

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated February 16, 2012, by and between Identive Group, Inc. and Dr. 
Manfred Mueller. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
February 21, 2012.) 

Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Identive Group, Inc. and Manfred Mueller 
dated May 31, 2012. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
June 1, 2012.) 

Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Identive Group, Inc. and Manfred 
Mueller dated March 18, 2014. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-
K filed March 19, 2014.) 

Executive Employment Agreement between Identive Group, Inc. and Jason Hart dated March 13, 2014. (Incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 19, 2014.) 

Letter Agreement dated September 14, 2015 between Identiv, Inc. and Jason Hart (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 16, 2015.) 

Executive Employment Agreement between Identive Group, Inc. and Brian Nelson dated December 20, 2013. 
(Incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 27, 2013.) 

First Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement between Identiv, Inc. and Brian Nelson, dated November 18, 
2015. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 
20, 2015.) 

Letter Agreement dated September 14, 2015 between Identiv, Inc. and Steven Humphreys. (Incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 16, 2015.) 

Share Purchase Agreement December 10, 2013 between Bluehill ID AG, Identive Services AG and Sandpiper Assets 
SA regarding the sale and purchase of shares of and loans provided to Multicard AG. (Incorporated by reference 
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 26, 2013.) 

Share Purchase Agreement December 10, 2013 between Bluehill ID AG and Sandpiper Assets SA regarding the sale 
and purchase of shares of and loans provided to Payment Solution AG. (Incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.2 to the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 26, 2013.) 

Share Purchase Agreement December 10, 2013 between Bluehill ID AG and Sandpiper Assets SA regarding the sale 
and purchase of shares and loans of Multicard Nederland BV. (Incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.3 to the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 26, 2013.) 

Credit Agreement between Identive Group, Inc. and Opus Bank dated March 31, 2014. (Incorporated by reference 
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2014.) 

First Amendment to Credit Agreement and Ratification between Identiv, Inc. and Opus Bank dated November 10, 
2014. (Incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 12, 
2014.) 

Second Amendment to Credit Agreement and Waiver, dated as of December 4, 2015, among Identiv, Inc., as the 
Borrower, idOnDemand, Inc., as the Guarantor and Opus Bank as Lender. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 8, 2015.) 

16.1 

Letter from BDO USA, LLP to the Securities and Exchange Commission dated November 30, 2015. (Incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 30, 2015.) 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit  
Number 

21.1 

23.1 

23.2 

31.1 

31.2 

32+ 

Description of Document 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant. 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 

101.INS 

XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 

101.CAL 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 

101.DEF 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 

101.LAB 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 

101.PRE 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 

* 
+ 

Denotes management compensatory contract of arrangement.  
Furnished herewith and not “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.  

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 

report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.  

SIGNATURES  

Registrant 

IDENTIV, INC. 

By:    

/s/    Steven Humphreys 
Steven Humphreys 

Chief Executive Officer 

March 30, 2016  

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons 

on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.  

Signature 

Capacity in Which Signed 

Date 

/s/ STEVEN HUMPHREYS  
Steven Humphreys 

/s/ STEVEN FINNEY 
Steven Finney 

/s/ JAMES E. OUSLEY 
James E. Ousley 

/s/ SADDALLAH M. ALAZEM 
Saddallah M. Alazem 

/s/ GARY KREMEN 
Gary Kremen 

/s/ DANIEL S. WENZEL 
Daniel S. Wenzel 

Chief Executive Officer 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

Interim Chief Financial Officer and Secretary 
(Principal Financial Officer) 

March 30, 2016 

March 30, 2016 

Chairman of the Board and Director 

March 30, 2016 

Director 

Director 

Director 

March 30, 2016 

March 30, 2016 

March 30, 2016 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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