IKONICS Corporation
Annual Report 2008

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IKONICS Corporation

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Contents Letter to Shareholders ................................................................................ 1 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ............................................ 2 Critical Accounting Estimates ...................................................................... 2 Results of Operations .................................................................................. 3 Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities ........................................................... 5 Management’s Report ................................................................................ 5 Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting ................................................... 6 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm .............................................................. 6 Balance Sheets ........................................................................................... 7 Statements of Operations ............................................................................. 8 Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income .......................... 8 Statements of Cash Flows ............................................................................. 9 Notes to Financial Statements ..................................................................... 10 Board of Directors/Corporate Officers ........................................................ 16 IKONICS Five-Year History..............................................................Back Cover Corporate profile 2008 Net Sales ........................................................................ $15,854,484 Earnings per common share (diluted) ................................................$0.40 Company founded .............................................................................1952 Employees ............................................................................................ 70 NASDAQ Symbol ................................................................................IKNX All of our (non-defense) new businesses are subject to variations in the world economy. In 2009 our core businesses of photochemical stencils for screen printing and decorative abrasive etching will face challenges, particularly in the domestic market. However, we still see good opportunities for growth in export markets and have taken steps to increase our presence in India and Latin America. Barring a further material worsening of the world economy, our new technologies are important enough that we will see them contributing 10-20% of our sales in the next 12 months, with growth accelerating in future years. In December 2008, we completed construction on a new $4.4 million facility to house our new businesses. We financed the construction with cash, and remain free of long term debt. During 2008 we repurchased 87,850 shares of stock and are continuing that activity. For the Board of Directors, WiL L ia m C . UL L an d Chairman, President & CEO March 19, 2009 The preceding letter contains statements regarding future financial results, new products, the success of acquisitions and other matters that involve risks and uncertainties. The Company’s actual results could differ materially as a result of domestic and global economic conditions, competitive market conditions, acceptance of new products, the ability to identify, complete and successfully integrate suitable acquisitions, as well as the other factors described elsewhere in this Annual Report and in the Company’s most recent Form 10-K and most recent Form 10-Q on file with the SEC. Le t ter to SharehoLder S The worldwide recession made 2008 a challenging year for IKONICS. In spite of contractions in our primary markets, we were able to hold sales equal to last year. Gross profit fell by only 4%, and we continued to generate a healthy cash flow. Earnings declined to $814,000 or $0.40 per share due primarily to non-cash charges: an increase in the LIFO inventory reserve and the write off of patent application expenses. Earnings in 2008 were also negatively impacted by a large severance payment. The only area of our business that did not grow was sales to the awards and recognition market, which is very vulnerable to recession. The most promising development in 2008 was the commercial acceptance of four of our new business initiatives. I believe they will generate significant revenue and profits in 2009. Photo Machining (the abrasive etching of electronic wafers and industrial ceramics) has gained acceptance by large customers; we anticipate ramped up production in 2009, primarily to the defense industry. We are now speced into one sophisticated weapons system, and sales to this customer are rapidly ramping up. We are currently being qualified for other defense and aerospace applications. IKONICS Acoustics (the etching of sound-deadening patterns in advanced composite materials) has gained acceptance in the aerospace industry. In 2008 our technology was used for sound deadening on GE, Pratt & Whitney and Rolls Royce jet engines. Although temporarily impacted by the Boeing strike and the slow down in orders for some aircraft models, we anticipate good sales in the second half of 2009. The time-saving and quality improvements we bring to this market are compelling. Digital Texturing (acid resist transfer films for mold texturing) has also gained customer acceptance as we have continually improved our equipment and print quality. We hope to start selling our next generation DTX™ fluid deposition equipment in the second quarter of 2009. Equipment sales bring significant ongoing sales of our patent- applied-for substrates and proprietary jettable fluids. Although the initial market is automotive, we believe that the revolutionary nature of our technology will bring us sales even in this depressed industry. IKONICS Industrial Solutions is a new venture of creating custom products to meet the needs of specific users. We custom design and manufacture the product and retain the intellectual property outside the customer’s field of use. We currently have two such products in production and anticipate others in 2009. IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 1 management’S diSCUSSion and anaLySiS of f inanCiaL Condition and r e SULtS of oper ationS The following management discussion and analysis focuses on those factors that had a material effect on the Company’s financial results of operations and financial condition during 2008 and 2007 and should be read in connection with the Company’s audited financial statements and notes thereto for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, included herein. factors that may affect future results Certain statements made in this Annual Report, including those summarized below, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ. Factors that could cause actual results to differ include those identified below. The Company’s belief that additional proceeds will be received in 2009 from the 2007 sale of Apprise common and preferred stock in addition to the proceeds received in 2007 and 2008—Actual additional proceeds received may be impacted by unanticipated expenses related to indemnification clauses as part of the agreement between Apprise and its purchaser. The Company’s belief that the quality of its receivables is high and that strong internal controls are in place to maintain proper collections—This belief may be impacted by domestic economic conditions, by economic, political, regulatory or social conditions in foreign markets, or by the failure of the Company to properly implement or maintain internal controls. The belief that the Company’s current financial resources, cash generated from operations and the Company’s capacity for debt and/or equity financing will be sufficient to fund current and anticipated business operations and capital expenditures. The belief that the Company’s low debt levels and available line of credit make it unlikely that a decrease in product demand would impair the Company’s ability to fund operations—Changes in anticipated operating results, credit availability, equity market conditions or the Company’s debt levels may further enhance or inhibit the Company’s ability to maintain or raise appropriate levels of cash. The Company’s belief that depreciation expense will increase by $130,000 annually in connection with the occupancy of its new facility and will be partially offset by a decrease in rental expenses of $70,000 annually—Actual depreciation and rental expense may vary due to changes in accounting rules. The Company’s expectations as to the level and use of planned capital expenditures and that capital expenditures will be funded with cash generated from operating activities—This expectation may be affected by changes in the Company’s anticipated capital expenditure requirements resulting from unforeseen required maintenance, repairs or capital asset additions. The funding of planned or unforeseen expenditures may also be affected by changes in anticipated operating results resulting from decreased sales, lack of acceptance of new products or increased operating expenses or by other unexpected events affecting the Company’s financial position. The Company’s belief that its vulnerability to foreign currency fluctuations and general economic conditions in foreign countries is not significant—This belief may be impacted by economic, political and social conditions in foreign markets, changes in regulatory and competitive conditions, a change in the amount or geographic focus of the Company’s international sales, or changes in purchase or sales terms. The Company’s plans to continue to invest in research and development efforts, expedite internal product development and invest in technological alliances, as well as the expected focus and results of such investments—These plans and expectations may be impacted by general market conditions, unanticipated changes in expenses or sales, delays in the development of new products, technological advances, the ability to find suitable and willing technology partners or other changes in competitive or market conditions. The Company’s efforts to grow its international business—These efforts may be impacted by economic, political and social conditions in current and anticipated foreign markets, regulatory conditions in such markets, unanticipated changes in expenses or sales, changes in competitive conditions or other barriers to entry or expansion. The Company’s belief as to future activities that may be undertaken to expand the Company’s business, including sales of new products, and the effect those activities may have on the Company’s financial results—Actual activities undertaken and the results those activities have on the Company’s financial results may be impacted by general market conditions, competitive conditions in the Company’s industry, unanticipated changes in the Company’s financial position, delays in new product introductions, lack of acceptance of new products or the inability to identify attractive acquisition targets or other business opportunities. CritiC aL aCCoUnting e Stimate S The Company prepares its financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Therefore, the Company is required to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable based upon the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. The accounting estimates which IKONICS believes are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating its reported financial results include the following: accounts receivable The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness, as determined by review of the current credit information. The Company continuously monitors collections and payments from its customers and maintains a provision for estimated credit losses based upon historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that have been identified. While such credit losses have historically been within expectations and the provisions established, the Company cannot guarantee that it will continue to experience the same collection history that has occurred in the past. The general payment terms are net 30-45 days for domestic customers and net 30-90 days for foreign customers. inventory Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market value using the last in, first out (LIFO) method. The Company monitors its inventory for obsolescence and records reductions from cost when required. income taxes At December 31, 2008, the Company had net current deferred tax assets of $96,000 and net noncurrent deferred tax liabilities of $143,000. The deferred tax assets and liabilities result primarily from temporary differences in property and equipment, accrued expenses, and inventory reserves. The Company has determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be realized and that a valuation allowance for such assets is not currently required. The Company accounts for its uncertain tax positions under FIN 48 and the related liability of $48,000 as of December 31, 2008 will be adjusted as the statute of limitations expires or these positions are reassessed. IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 2 investments in non-marketable equity Securities Investments in non-marketable equity securities consist of a $919,000 investment in imaging Technology international (“iTi”). The Company accounts for this investment by the cost method because iTi’s common stock is unlisted and the criteria for using the equity method of accounting are not satisfied. Under the cost method, the investment is assessed for other- than-temporary impairment and recorded at the lower of cost or market value which requires significant judgment since there are no readily available market values for this investment. In assessing the fair value of this investment the Company considers recent equity transactions that iTi has entered into, the status of iTi’s technology and strategies in place to achieve its objectives, as well as iTi’s financial condition, results of operations, and ability to achieve its forecasted results. To the extent there are changes in the assessment, an adjustment may need to be recorded. revenue recognition The Company recognizes revenue on sales of products when title passes which can occur at the time of shipment or when the goods arrive at the customer location. Freight billed to customers is included in sales. Shipping costs are included in cost of goods sold. re SULtS of oper ationS Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007 Sales The Company’s net sales increased 0.1% to $15.9 million in 2008 compared to net sales of $15.8 million in 2007. Export realized a 6.3% sales increase in 2008 over 2007 due to stronger sales in Europe and the Middle East. Export sales increases were partially offset by lower domestic shipments. Domestic Chromaline and IKONICS Imaging shipments were down 1.7% and 3.5%, respectively, due to weaker market conditions during the later part of 2008. gross profit Gross Profit was $6.6 million, or 41.8% of sales, in 2008 and $6.9 million, or 43.8% of sales, in 2007. IKONICS Imaging gross profit percentage decreased to 48.2% in 2008 compared to 54.2% in 2007, as this business segment has incurred additional manufacturing expenses related to startup and development of new business initiatives as well as higher raw material costs. Export gross profit percentage decreased from 32.8% in 2007 to 31.7% in 2008 due to higher freight and raw material prices partially offset by manufacturing efficiencies. Manufacturing efficiencies contributed to the increase in Domestic Chromaline gross profit percentage from 44.6% in 2007 to 45.3% in 2008, although a portion of the gains from these efficiencies was offset by increasing raw material prices. Selling, general and administrative expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses increased to $4.9 million, or 30.8% of sales, in 2008 from $4.7 million, or 29.9% of sales, in 2007. The 2008 increase reflects additional personnel related expenses for a severance agreement and insurance. The Company also realized an increase in bad debt expenses related to less favorable economic conditions. research and development expenses Research and development expenses were $767,000, or 4.8% of sales, in 2008 compared to $775,000, or 4.9% of sales, in 2007. The decrease is related to lower salaries substantially offset by a $69,000 expense related to abandonment of patent applications. The Company records patent application costs as an asset and amortizes those costs upon successful completion of the application process or expenses those costs when an application is abandoned. gain on Sale of non-marketable equity Securities The Company realized a gain of $25,000 in 2008 on the sale of its investment in the common IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 and preferred stock of Apprise Technologies, Inc. The sale took place during the first quarter of 2007 at which time a $55,000 gain was recognized. The $25,000 gain in 2008 is related to a portion of the original sales price that was placed in escrow at the time of the sale for indemnification obligations as part of the agreement between Apprise and its purchaser. The Company expects to receive additional proceeds and a related gain in the first quarter of 2009. The amount to be received in the first quarter of 2009 is expected to be slightly less than amount received in 2008, however there can be no assurance that this will occur. interest income Interest income in 2008 was $90,000 compared to $154,000 in 2007. The decrease in interest income is due to a lower investment balance as the Company used cash to finance the construction of its new facility and a decrease in interest rates resulting from the Company moving excess cash out of auction rate securities (ARS). As of December 31, 2008, the Company did not own any ARS. income taxes In 2008, the Company realized an income tax expense of $271,000, or an effective rate of 25.0%, compared to income tax expense of $466,000, or an effective rate of 28.5%, for the same period in 2007. The effective tax rate in 2008 was significantly impacted by the recognition of federal and state research and development credits of $85,000, including a state refund of $55,000 for tax years 2005, 2006, and 2007. The effective tax rate was also impacted by derecognizing a liability of $44,000 for unrecognized tax benefits relating to a tax year where the statute of limitations expired during the first quarter, as well as the benefits of the domestic manufacturing deduction, tax exempt interest, and state income taxes. The 2007 effective tax rate was significantly impacted by derecognizing a liability of $45,000 for unrecognized tax benefits relating to a tax year where the statute of limitations expired during the first quarter. During 2007, the Company also recorded a tax benefit adjustment of $9,000 relating to the December 31, 2006 tax accrual estimate. A net benefit of $27,000 was also realized from the reversal of the valuation allowance offsetting the capital loss carryforward and utilization of a portion of the carryforward when the initial proceeds were received from the sale of the Apprise investment. The remaining carryforward is expected to be fully utilized when the additional anticipated proceeds are received in 2009. Compared to 2007, the 2008 effective tax rate was unfavorably impacted by a decrease in tax exempt interest as a result of the Company’s sale of ARS during the first six months of 2008. Liquidity and Capital resources The Company has financed its operations principally with funds generated from operations. These funds have been sufficient to cover the Company’s normal operating expenditures, annual capital requirements, and research and development expenditures. Cash and cash equivalents were $902,000 and $1,230,000 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company generated $1,126,000 in cash from operating activities during 2008 compared to $1,698,000 of cash generated from operating activities during 2007. Cash provided by operating activities is primarily the result of net income adjusted for non cash depreciation, amortization, stock based compensation, loss on intangible asset abandonment, deferred taxes, and certain changes in working capital components discussed in the following paragraph. During 2008, trade receivables increased by $52,000. The increase in receivables is primarily related to the timing of collections. Although the Company realized a $49,000 increase in bad debt expense during 2008, the Company believes that the quality of its receivables is high and that strong internal controls are in place to maintain proper collections. Inventory levels decreased by $247,000 due to lower finished good levels and an increase in the LIFO reserve. Accounts payable decreased by $91,000, reflecting the timing of payments to suppliers. Accrued liabilities decreased $51,000 primarily due to a reduction in the accrual for uncertain 3 tax positions (see Note 2 to the financial statements). Income taxes payable decreased $38,000 and the Company’s income tax receivable increased $186,000 due to timing of estimated 2008 tax payments compared to the calculated 2008 tax liability. During 2008, investing activities used $1,004,000 in cash as the Company completed construction on its new facility at a total cost of $4.4 million, of which $120,000 was included in construction accounts payable as of December 31, 2008 and had no effect on cash flows. Partially offsetting the cash used for the new facility, the Company sold $3,550,000 of short- term investments comprised of ARS. At December 31, 2008, the Company had no investment in ARS. The Company also made the final $95,000 payment upon the delivery of its industrial digital inkjet machine in 2008. The Company incurred $50,000 in patent application costs during the first nine months of 2008 that the Company recorded as an asset and will amortize upon successful completion of the application process or expense if the applications are abandoned. The Company expensed $69,000 during 2008 due to abandonment of certain patent applications. The Company received proceeds of $25,000 in 2008 on the sale of its investment in the common and preferred stock of Apprise Technologies, Inc., and $8,500 from the sale of a vehicle. During the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company exercised a warrant for 7,500 shares at a price of $8.50 per share to purchase an additional $63,750 of iTi stock. The Company owns approximately 8% of the total outstanding common shares of iTi. iTi is a leader in the development of industrial production systems based on inkjet technology, and the Company believes iTi’s expertise fits strategically with the Company’s expertise in developing substrates for inkjet printing and the Company’s plans to develop proprietary industrial inkjet technologies. The Company used $833,000 in cash for investing activities in 2007. In 2007, the Company purchased $610,000 of plant equipment. Over one-half of the plant and equipment purchases were related to the Company’s efforts in industrial digital inkjet and photo-machining markets. Purchases were also made to improve facilities, update systems and replace vehicles. The Company also purchased $375,000 of short-term investments comprised of ARS during 2007, which the Company sold during 2008 for no gain or loss. During the second quarter of 2007, the Company exercised a warrant for 7,500 shares at a price of $8.50 per share to purchase an additional $63,750 of iTi stock. The Company also incurred $48,000 in patent application costs during 2007. These cash outlays were partially offset by receipt of $253,000 from the sale of the Company’s Apprise investment and $11,500 from the sale of two vehicles. The Company used $450,000 of cash in financing activities in 2008 compared to $112,000 provided by financing activities in 2007. During 2008, the Company purchased 87,850 shares of its own stock at a cost of $596,000. The Company’s previously announced repurchase plan allows for an additional 62,157 shares to be repurchased. The Company received $107,000 for the issuance of 35,872 shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options during 2008 compared to $80,000 received in 2007 for 35,100 shares of common stock issued upon the exercise of stock options. Financing activities also reflect excess tax benefits of $39,000 and $32,000 in 2008 and 2007, respectively, related to the exercise of stock options A bank line of credit provides for borrowings of up to $1,250,000. The line of credit term runs from October 31, 2008 to October 30, 2009. The Company expects to obtain a similar line of credit when the current line of credit expires. Borrowings under this line of credit are collateralized by accounts receivable and inventories and bear interest at 2.0 percentage points over the 30 day LIBOR rate. The Company did not utilize this line of credit during 2008 or 2007 and there were no borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. The Company believes that current financial resources, its line of credit, cash generated from operations and the Company’s capacity for debt and/or equity financing will be sufficient to fund current and anticipated business operations. The Company also believes that, with no debt outstanding and an available line of credit, it is unlikely that a decrease in demand for the Company’s products would impair the Company’s ability to fund operations. 4 Capital expenditures In 2008 the Company had $4.6 million in capital expenditures of which $120,000 is included in construction accounts payable. This spending primarily consists of land acquisition and construction costs related to the construction of a new warehouse and manufacturing facility necessary to accommodate the Company’s new business initiatives and growth plans. The expansion project was completed and put into operation in 2008. The Company will continue to operate and maintain its current facility along with the new facility. In 2009, depreciation expense is expected to increase by $130,000 annually, but will be partially offset by a decrease in rental expense of approximately $70,000 annually. Both amounts are recorded in cost of sales. During 2007, the Company spent $610,000 on capital expenditures. This spending primarily consisted of supporting the Company’s efforts in industrial digital inkjet and photo-machining markets, plant equipment upgrades and building improvements to improve efficiency and reduce operating costs and vehicles. Plans for capital expenditures include ongoing manufacturing equipment upgrades, development equipment to modernize the capabilities and processes of IKONICS’ laboratory, research and development to improve measurement and quality control processes and vehicles. These commitments are expected to be funded with cash generated from operating activities. The Company expects capital expenditures in 2009 of approximately $200,000. international activity The Company markets its products in numerous countries in all regions of the world, including North America, Europe, Latin America, and Asia. The Company’s 2008 foreign sales of $4,975,000 were approximately 31.4% of total sales, compared to the 2007 foreign sales of $4,678,000, which were 29.6% of total sales. Foreign sales growth in 2008 was mainly due to stronger sales in Europe and the Middle East. The Company anticipates that its sales will increase in India and Latin America as the Company exploits opportunities in those markets. Fluctuations in certain foreign currencies have not significantly impacted the Company’s operations because the Company’s foreign sales are not concentrated in any one region of the world. The Company believes its vulnerability to uncertainties due to foreign currency fluctuations and general economic conditions in foreign countries is not significant. The Company’s foreign transactions are primarily negotiated, invoiced and paid in U.S. dollars, while a portion is transacted in Euros. IKONICS has not implemented an economic hedging strategy to reduce the risk of foreign currency translation exposures, which management does not believe to be significant based on the scope and geographic diversity of the Company’s foreign operations as of December 31, 2008. Furthermore, the impact of foreign exchange on the Company’s balance sheet and operating results was not material in either 2008 or 2007. future outlook IKONICS has spent on average over 4% of its sales dollars for the past few years in research and development and in addition has made capital expenditures related to its digital technology program. The Company plans to maintain its efforts in this area and expedite internal product development as well as form technological alliances with outside experts to ensure commercialization of new product opportunities. In 2008, the Company achieved commercial acceptance of several new business initiatives, including its photo-machining process, sound deadening technology, digital texturing and IKONICS Industrial Solutions, which creates custom products to meet the needs of specific users. The Company anticipates that these new business initiatives will contribute an increasing amount of the Company’s sales in 2009. The Company’s anticipated sales from these new initiatives for 2009 includes sales of an improved sound-deadening product that is expected to expand the Company’s customer base and sales of the Company’s next-generation DTX printer, which is planned to be available for sale in the second quarter of 2009. IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 In addition to its traditional emphasis on domestic markets, the Company will continue efforts to grow its business internationally by attempting to develop new markets and expanding market share where it has already established a presence. marke t for Common eqUit y, reL ated StoCkhoLder mat ter S and iSSUer pUrCha Se S of eqUit y SeCUritie S Other future activities undertaken to expand the Company’s business may include acquisitions, building improvements, equipment additions, new product development and marketing opportunities. In addition to its traditional emphasis on domestic markets, the Company will continue efforts to grow its business internationally by attempting to develop new markets and expanding market share where it has already established a presence. The Company’s Common Stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol IKNX. The following table sets forth, for the fiscal quarters indicated, the high and low sales prices for the Company’s Common Stock as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market for the periods indicated. off-Balance Sheet arrangements The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements. recent accounting pronouncements In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2, which delayed, for one year, the effective date of SFAS 157 for all nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in the financial statements on at least an annual basis. This statement was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2008. The deferred provisions of SFAS 157 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year 2009. The Company’s only financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis were its ARS, which were sold during the second quarter of 2008 at cost. Accordingly, the adoption of SFAS 157 did not have a material effect on the Company’s disclosures to the financial statements. The Company’s investments in non-marketable equity securities are tested for other than temporary impairment, however, to date, there has not been an impairment and accordingly these investments are carried at cost. In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 allows entities to measure at fair value many financial instruments and certain other assets and liabilities that are not otherwise required to be measured at fair value. SFAS 159 was effective for the Company on January 1, 2008, and the Company elected not to apply the fair market value provision of SFAS 159. In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 requires all entities to report minority interests in subsidiaries as equity in the consolidated financial statements, and requires that transactions between entities and noncontrolling interests be treated as equity. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of this statement will not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”). SFAS 141 (R) establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer of a business recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree. The statement also provides guidance for recognizing and measuring the goodwill acquired in the business combination and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141(R) is effective for the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2008. The standard will change the Company’s accounting treatment for business combinations, if any, on a prospective basis. IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2008 First Quar ter Second Quar ter Third Quar ter Four th Quar ter Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007 First Quar ter Second Quar ter Third Quar ter Four th Quar ter High $ 10.50 9.60 8.68 6.97 High $ 10.30 10.45 9.60 9.99 Low $ 9.03 7.08 6.46 5.25 Low $ 7.22 8.83 8.76 8.86 As of February 23, 2009, the Company had approximately 650 shareholders. The Company has never declared or paid any dividends on its Common Stock. In prior years, the Company’s board of directors had authorized the repurchase of up to 150,000 shares of common stock. In August 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to an additional 100,000 shares of common stock bringing the total shares eligible for repurchase to 250,000. A total of 187,843 shares have been repurchased under this program, including 87,850 shares repurchased during 2008. The plan allows for an additional 62,157 shares to be repurchased. The program does not have an expiration date. The Company did not purchase shares of its equity securities during 2007. For Year Ended Dec. 31, 2008 Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Jan. 1 – Jul. 31 - aug. 1 – aug. 31 Sep. 1 – Sep. 30 oct. 1 – nov. 30 dec. 1 – dec. 31 3,335 71,131 7,200 6,184 - $8.06 7.02 5.25 5.25 Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under The Plans or Programs - 3,335 71,131 7,200 6,184 - 146,672 75,541 68,341 62,157 87,850 $6.79 87,850 management’S report The financial statements of IKONICS Corporation have been prepared by Company management who are responsible for their content. These statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and, where appropriate, reflect estimates based on judgements of management. The financial statements have been audited by McGladrey & Pullen LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, comprised of outside directors, meets periodically with the independent auditors and management to discuss the company’s internal accounting controls and financial reporting matters. Our independent registered public 5 accounting firm has unrestricted access to the Audit Committee, without management present, to discuss the results of their audit, the adequacy of internal accounting controls, and the quality of financial reports. report of i ndependent r egiStered pUBL iC aCCoUnting f ir m To the Board of Directors and Stockholders IKONICS Corporation We have audited the balance sheets of IKONICS Corporation as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of IKONICS Corporation as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We were not engaged to examine management’s assessment of the effectiveness of IKONICS Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 included in this Annual Report and titled “Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”, and accordingly, we do not express an opinion thereon. As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, effective January 1, 2007 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. /s/ McGladrey & Pullen, LLP Duluth, Minnesota March 2, 2009 WiL L ia m C . UL L and Chairman, President & CEO J o n g er L aCh Chief Financial Officer & V.P. Finance management’S annUaL report on internaL ControL over finanCiaL reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f ) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and board of directors regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: • • • Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework. Based on management’s assessment and those criteria, management believes that, as of December 31, 2008, the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting. This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Our management’s report of the effectiveness on the design and operation of our internal control over financial reporting was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report. WiL L ia m C . UL L and Chairman, President & CEO J o n g er L aCh Chief Financial Officer & V.P. Finance 6 IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 ASSETS CURRENT ASSETS: BaLanCe S heetS: deCemB er 31, 2008 and 2007 2008 2007 Cash and cash equivalents (Note 7) ...................................................................................................................................... $ 901,738 $ 1,230,020 Short-Term Investments ....................................................................................................................................................... Trade receivables, less allowance of $56,000 in 2008 and $45,000 in 2007 (Notes 5, 7, and 9) ................................................ Inventories (Notes 1 and 9) .................................................................................................................................................. Deposits, prepaid expenses and other assets ........................................................................................................................ Income tax refund receivable ................................................................................................................................................ Deferred income taxes (Note 2) ............................................................................................................................................ - 2,077,158 2,109,164 192,201 185,869 96,000 3,550,000 2,025,257 2,355,864 130,596 - 24,000 Total current assets .............................................................................................................................................................. 5,562,130 9,315,737 PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT, at cost: Land and building................................................................................................................................................................ Machinery and equipment ................................................................................................................................................... Office equipment ................................................................................................................................................................. Vehicles .............................................................................................................................................................................. Less accumulated depreciation ............................................................................................................................................. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, less accumulated amortization of $270,325 in 2008 and $213,061 in 2007 (Note 3) ....................................... DEFERRED INCOME TAXES (Note 2) ............................................................................................................................................... INVESTMENTS IN NON-MARKETABLE EQUITY SECURITIES (Note 1).................................................................................................. LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY CURRENT LIABILITIES: 5,928,275 2,430,857 763,595 241,905 9,364,632 3,762,569 5,602,063 403,285 - 918,951 1,631,142 2,700,816 812,120 219,964 5,364,042 4,043,451 1,320,591 479,888 11,000 855,201 $ 12,486,429 $ 11,982,417 2008 2007 Accounts payable Trade ............................................................................................................................................................................... $ 344,783 $ 435,572 Construction .................................................................................................................................................................... Accrued compensation ......................................................................................................................................................... Other accrued expenses (Note 2) .......................................................................................................................................... Income taxes payable ........................................................................................................................................................... Total current liabilities ......................................................................................................................................................... DEFERRED INCOME TAXES (Note 2) ............................................................................................................................................. 120,000 335,126 109,880 - 909,789 143,000 - 347,691 148,149 5,291 936,703 - Total liabilities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,052,789 936,703 STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: Preferred stock, par value $.10 per share; authorized 250,000 shares: issued none Common stock, par value $.10 per share; authorized 4,750,000 shares: issued and outstanding 1,993,983 shares in 2008 and 2,045,961 shares in 2007 (Note 6) ................................................... Additional paid-in capital .................................................................................................................................................... Retained earnings ............................................................................................................................................................... 199,398 2,202,888 9,031,354 204,596 2,124,342 8,716,776 Total stockholders’ equity ..................................................................................................................................................... 11,433,640 11,045,714 $ 12,486,429 $ 11,982,417 See notes to financial statements. IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 7 StatementS of operation S: year S ended deCem Ber 31, 2008 and 2007 NET SALES ................................................................................................................................................................................... $ 15,854,484 $ 15,824,725 COST OF GOODS SOLD .................................................................................................................................................................. $ 9,228,187 $ 8,887,612 2008 2007 GROSS PROFIT .............................................................................................................................................................................. SELLING GENERAL AND ADMINSTRATIVE EXPENSES ........................................................................................................................ RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS ........................................................................................................................................... INCOME FROM OPERATIONS .......................................................................................................................................................... GAIN ON SALE OF NON-MARKETABLE EQUITY SECURITIES ............................................................................................................... INTEREST INCOME ........................................................................................................................................................................ 6,626,297 4,888,842 767,083 5,655,925 970,372 24,550 90,212 6,937,113 4,735,419 775,049 5,510,468 1,426,645 55,159 153,971 INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES .................................................................................................................................................... 1,085,134 1,635,775 FEDERAL AND STATE INCOME TAXES (Note 2) ................................................................................................................................. 271,000 466,000 NET INCOME ................................................................................................................................................................................ $ 814,134 $ 1,169,775 EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE: Basic ................................................................................................................................................................................... Diluted ................................................................................................................................................................................ WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES: Basic ................................................................................................................................................................................... Diluted ................................................................................................................................................................................ $ 0.40 $ 0.40 $ 0.58 $ 0.57 2,050,462 2,053,733 2,033,045 2,063,380 See notes to financial statements. StatementS of S toCkho LderS’ eqUity and C omprehenSive in Come: year S ended deCem Ber 31, 2008 and 2007 Common Stock Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Total Stockholders’ Equity BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2006 2,010,861 $ 201,086 $ 1,979,012 $ 7,684,001 $ 9,864,099 Cumulative effect to prior year retained earnings related to the adoption of FIN 48 (Note 2) Net income and comprehensive income Exercise of stock options Tax benefit resulting from stock option exercises Stock based compensation and related tax benefit BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2007 Net income and comprehensive income Exercise of stock options Common stock repurchased Tax benefit resulting from stock option exercises Stock based compensation and related tax benefit — — 35,100 — — — — 3,510 — — — — 76,212 18,208 50,910 (137,000) (137,000) 1,169,775 1,169,775 — — — 79,722 18,208 50,910 2,045,961 $ 204,596 $ 2,124,342 $ 8,716,776 $ 11,045,714 — 35,872 (87,850) — — — 3,587 — 814,134 103,125 — 814,134 106,712 (8,785) (88,136) (499,556) (596,477) — — 4,389 59,168 — — 4,389 59,168 BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2008 1,993,983 $ 199,398 $ 2,202,888 $ 9,031,354 $ 11,443,640 See notes to financial statements. 8 IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 StatementS of C aSh f LoWS year S ended deCem Ber 31, 2008 and 2007 CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net income .......................................................................................................................................................................... $ 814,134 $ 1,169,775 2008 2007 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation ................................................................................................................................................................... Amortization .................................................................................................................................................................. Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements ............................................................................................. Stock based compensation ............................................................................................................................................... Gain on sale of vehicles ................................................................................................................................................... Loss on intangible asset abandonment ............................................................................................................................. Gain on sale of non-marketable equity securities .............................................................................................................. Deferred income taxes ..................................................................................................................................................... Changes in working capital components, net of effects of business acquisition: Trade receivables ............................................................................................................................................................. Inventories ...................................................................................................................................................................... Prepaid expenses and other assets ................................................................................................................................... Income tax refund receivable ........................................................................................................................................... Accounts payable ............................................................................................................................................................ Accrued liabilities ........................................................................................................................................................... Income taxes payable ...................................................................................................................................................... 304,434 57,264 (39,319) 19,849 (1,725) 69,462 (24,550) 82,000 (51,901) 246,700 (61,605) (185,869) (90,789) (50,834) 38,417 276,942 53,709 (31,997) 18,913 (7,341) - (55,159) 110,000 (48,364) 139,012 101,659 - 147,123 (137,623) (38,954) Net cash provided by operating activities...................................................................................................................... 1,125,668 1,697,695 CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Purchases of property and equipment ................................................................................................................................... (4,472,681) (609,772) Proceeds from sale of vehicles .............................................................................................................................................. Purchase of intangibles ........................................................................................................................................................ 8,500 (50,123) 11,500 (48,176) Purchase of short-term investments ..................................................................................................................................... - (375,000) Proceeds from sale of short-term investments ....................................................................................................................... 3,550,000 Purchase of non-marketable equity securities ....................................................................................................................... Proceeds from sale of non-marketable equity securities ......................................................................................................... (63,750) 24,550 - (63,750) 252,618 Net cash used in investing activities ................................................................................................................................. (1,003,504) (832,580) CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangement ................................................................................................... Repurchase of common stock ............................................................................................................................................... Proceeds from exercise of stock options ................................................................................................................................ Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities ........................................................................................................... NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS ......................................................................................................... 39,319 (596,477) 106,712 (450,446) (328,282) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR .................................................................................................................. 1,230,020 31,997 - 79,722 111,719 976,834 253,186 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR ..................................................................................................................... $ 901,738 $ 1,230,020 SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Construction payables incurred for building expansion .......................................................................................................... $ 120,000 $ - SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION: Cash paid for income taxes ................................................................................................................................................... $ 377,348 $ 433,953 See notes to financial statements. IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 9 noteS to finan CiaL StatementS: year S ended deCem Ber 31, 2008 and 2007 1. SUmmary of SignifiCant aCCoUnting poLiCieS Description of Business and Foreign Export Sales -IKONICS Corporation (the Company) develops and manufactures high-quality photochemical imaging systems for sale primarily to a wide range of printers and decorators of surfaces. Customers’ applications are primarily screen printing and abrasive etching. The Company’s principal markets are throughout the United States. In addition, the Company sells to Europe, Latin America, Asia, and other parts of the world. The Company extends credit to its customers, all on an unsecured basis, on terms that it establishes for individual customers. Foreign export sales approximated 31.4% of net sales in 2008 and 29.6% of net sales in 2007. The Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2008 and 2007 due from foreign customers were 42.1% and 35.2%, respectively. The foreign export receivables are composed primarily of open credit arrangements with terms ranging from 30 to 90 days. No single customer represented greater than 10% of net sales in 2008 or in 2007. A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies follows: Cash Equivalents -The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of money market funds in which the carrying value approximates market value because of the short maturity of these instruments. Short-Term Investments - Short-term investments consisted of auction rate securities that were comprised of AAA rated government municipal variable rate bonds. The Company considers short-term investments to be “available-for-sale” securities. At December 31, 2007 cost was equal to fair value and no amount of unrealized gain or loss was included as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. The company held no short-term investments at December 31, 2008. Trade Receivables –Trade receivables are carried at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful receivables based on a review of all outstanding amounts on an on-going basis. Management determines the allowance for doubtful accounts by regularly evaluating individual customer receivables and considering a customer’s financial condition, credit history, and current economic conditions. Trade receivables are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of trade receivables previously written off are recorded when received. Accounts are considered past due if payment is not received according to agreed-upon terms. Inventories - - Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. If the first-in, first-out cost method had been used, inventories would have been approximately $856,000 and $624,000 higher than reported at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. During 2008, certain inventory quantities were reduced, which resulted in liquidations of LIFO inventory layers. The liquidations decreased cost of goods sold by approximately $45,000 for 2008. There was not a significant reduction in LIFO inventory layers in 2007. The major components of inventories are as follows: 2008 2007 Raw materials ....................................... $ 1,447,063 $ 1,373,835 Work-in-progress................................... Finished goods ...................................... Reduction to LIFO cost ........................... 324,361 1,194,148 (856,408) 296,998 1,308,917 (623,886) Total inventories .................................... $ 2,109,164 $ 2,355,864 Depreciation - Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is computed using the straight- line method over the following estimated useful lives: Years Building ............................................................15-40 Machinery and equipment ...............................5-10 Office equipment ..............................................3-10 Vehicles ................................................................3 Intangible Assets– Intangible assets consist primarily of patents, licenses and covenants not to compete arising from business combinations. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight- line basis over their estimated useful lives or agreement terms. Intangible assets with finite lives are assessed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be fully recoverable by comparing the carrying value of the intangibles to their future undiscounted cash flows. To the extent the undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value, analysis is performed based on several criteria, including, but not limited to, revenue trends, discounted operating cash flows and other operating factors to determine the impairment amount. As of December 31, 2008 the remaining estimated weighted average useful lives of intangible assets are as follows: Years Patents ............................................................. 10 Licenses............................................................7.0 Non-compete agreements .............................5.5 Investments in non-marketable equity securities at December 31, 2008 consist of a $919,000 investment in imaging Technology international (“iTi”). During 2008 the Company exercised warrants to acquire an additional 7,500 common shares of iTi at a cost of $64,000. The Company accounts for this investment by the cost method because the common stock of the corporation is unlisted and the criteria for using the equity method of accounting are not satisfied. Under the cost method, the investment is assessed for other-than-temporary impairment and recorded at the lower of cost or market value which requires significant judgment since there are no readily available market values for this investment. In assessing the fair value of this investment the Company considers recent equity transactions that iTi has entered into, the status of iTi’s technology and strategies in place to achieve its objectives, as well as iTi’s financial condition and results of operations. To the extent there are changes in the assessment, an adjustment may need to be recorded. As of December 31, 2007 investments in non-marketable equity securities consisted of an $855,000 investment in imaging Technology international (“iTi”). The Company’s $197,000 equity investment in Apprise Technologies, Inc (Apprise) was sold in 2007, as Apprise was acquired by Eco Lab Incorporated for cash. The Company realized a gain of approximately $55,000 on the $253,000 cash payment received in 2007 related to the Apprise sale. During 2008 the Company received an additional $25,000 related to the Apprise sale. The Company may recover an additional payment in 2009 from the Apprise sale as defined in the sales agreement. If another payment is received in 2009, the Company anticipates that it will be less than the 2008 payment of $25,000. 10 IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 Fair Value of Financial Instruments – The carrying amounts of financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of the non-marketable equity securities approximated their estimated fair value based on management’s knowledge of recent sales prices of the non- marketable equity securities. Revenue Recognition - The Company recognizes revenue on sales of products when title passes which can occur at the time of shipment or when the goods arrive at the customer location. Freight billed to customers is included in sales. Shipping costs are included in cost of goods sold. Deferred Taxes - Deferred taxes are provided on a liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Earnings Per Common Share (EPS) - Basic EPS is calculated using net income divided by the weighted average of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is similar to Basic EPS except that weighted average of common shares outstanding are increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential common shares, such as options, had been issued. Shares used in the calculation of diluted EPS are summarized below: 2. inCome taXeS Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 consists of the following: 2008 2007 Current Federal ........................................................ $211,000 $317,000 State ........................................................... (22,000) 39,000 Deferred ........................................................ 82,000 110,000 189,000 356,000 $271,000 $466,000 The expected provision for income taxes, computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate of 35% in 2008 and 2007 to income before taxes, is reconciled to income tax expense as follows: 2008 2007 Expected provision for federal income taxes ..... $379,800 $572,500 State income taxes, net of federal benefit ............ 20,800 32,800 Reversal of valuation allowance ....................... - (27,000) Reversal of uncer tain tax positions ................... (44,000) (45,000) Domestic manufacturers deduction ................... (18,200) (10,500) Non-deductible meals, enter tainment, and life insurance ........................................... 18,400 15,000 Tax-exempt interest ........................................ (10,500) (43,400) R&D Credit ..................................................... (85,800) (14,700) Other ............................................................. 10,500 (13,700) $271,000 $466,000 2008 2007 Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following as of December 31, 2008 and 2007: Weighted average common shares outstanding ............................................. 2,050,462 2,033,045 Dilutive effect of stock options .................. 3,271 30,335 Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding ................... 2,053,733 2,063,380 Options to purchase 7,250 shares of common stock with a weighted average price of $8.22 were outstanding during 2008, but were excluded from the computation of common share equivalents because they were anti-dilutive. There were no anti-dilutive options in 2007. Employee Stock Plan - The Company accounts for employee stock options under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” (SFAS 123(R)). Use of Estimates - The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, reserve for inventory obsolescence, and the assessment of fair value for the Company’s investment in a non-marketable equity security. Foreign Currency Translation -Foreign currency transactions and translation adjustments did not have a significant effect on the Balance Sheet or the Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for 2008 and 2007. 2008 2007 Proper ty and equipment and other assets ........ $ - $ 13,000 Accrued vacation ............................................ Inventories ..................................................... Allowance for doubtful accounts ...................... Allowance for sales returns .............................. Capital loss carr yfor ward ................................. 23,000 61,000 11,000 9,000 6,000 18,000 - 5,000 11,000 14,000 $ 110,000 $ 61,000 Deferred tax liabilities: Proper ty and equipment and other assets $ (143,000) $ - Inventories Intangible assets Prepaid expenses - (9,000) (6,000) (15,000) (8,000) (2,000) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ (47,000) $ 35,000 The deferred tax amounts described above have been included in the accompanying balance sheet as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 as follows: 2008 2007 Current assets................................................... $ 96,000 $ 24,000 Noncurrent assets (liabilities) ............................ (143,000) 11,000 $ (47,000) $ 35,000 IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 11 On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of Financial Standards Accounting Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recorded a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $137,000, which was accounted for as a reduction in retained earnings as of January 1, 2007 for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle as provided for by FIN 48. The balance of the unrecognized tax benefits at adoption, exclusive of interest, was $122,000. During the first quarter of 2008 and 2007, the statute of limitations for the relevant taxing authority to examine and challenge the tax position for an open year expired, resulting in decreases in income tax expense of $44,000 in 2008 and $45,000 in 2007. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits totaled $48,000 and $92,000 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits is included in other accrued expenses. The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and various states. The material jurisdictions that are subject to examination by tax authorities primarily include Minnesota and the United States, for tax years 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008. It has been the Company’s policy since 2007 to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. The Company also accrued potential interest of $4,000 related to these unrecognized tax benefits during 2008 bringing the total accrued interest to $9,500 as of December 31, 2008. The unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2008 relate to taxation of foreign export sales. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefit for 2008 and 2007 is as follows: Balance at January 1, 2007 ................................................................................. $ 137,000 Expiration of the statute of limitations for the assessment of taxes .................. (45,000) Balance at December 31, 2007 ........................................................................... 92,000 Expiration of the statute of limitations for the assessment of taxes .................. Balance at December 31, 2008 ........................................................................... (44,000) $ 48,000 The balance of unrecognized tax benefits totaling $48,000 at December 31, 2008, if reversed, would decrease the provision for income taxes and increase net income by the same amount and reduce the Company’s effective tax rate. We expect our unrecognized tax benefit to be reduced by approximately $21,000 during the next twelve months as a result of the expiration of the statutes of limitations for the assessment of taxes. 3. intangiBLe aSSetS Intangible assets consist primarily of patents, patent applications, licenses and covenants not to compete arising from business combinations. Capitalized patent application costs are included with patents. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives or terms of their agreement, whichever is shorter. In 2008 the Company wrote off $69,000 of expenses related to patent applications. No other impairment adjustments to intangible assets were made during the year ended December 31, 2008 or 2007. Intangible assets at December 31, 2008 and 2007 consist of the following: Amor tized intangible assets: Patents .......................................................................... Licenses ......................................................................... Non-compete agreements ................................................ December 31, 2008 December 31, 2007 Gross Carr ying Amount Accumulated Amor tization Gross Carr ying Amount Accumulated Amor tization $ 270,610 100,000 303,000 $ 673,610 $ (104,412) (51,251) (114,662) $ (270,325) $ 289,949 100,000 303,000 $ 692,949 $ (90,939) (43,126) (78,996) $ (213,061) Aggregate amortization expense 2008 2007 Estimated amortization expense for the years ended December 31: For the years ended December 31 ................... $ 57,264 $ 53,709 2009 ............................................................................... $ 55,000 2010 ............................................................................... 2011 ............................................................................... 2012 ............................................................................... 2013 ............................................................................... 54,000 46,000 46,000 41,000 In connection with the license agreements, the Company has agreed to pay royalties ranging from 3% to 5% on the sales of products subject to the agreements. The Company incurred $102,000 of expense under these agreements during 2008, and $101,000 during 2007. 12 IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 4. retirement pLan The Company has established a salary deferral plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Such deferrals accumulate on a tax-deferred basis until the employee withdraws the funds. The Company contributes up to 5% of each eligible employee’s compensation. Total retirement expense for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $186,000 and $176,000, respectively. 5.Segment information The Company’s reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and have a varied customer base. There are three reportable segments: Domestic, Export, and IKONICS Imaging. Domestic sells screen printing film, emulsions, and inkjet receptive film which is sold to distributors located in the United States. IKONICS Imaging sells photo resistant film, art supplies, glass, metal medium and related abrasive etching equipment to end user customers located in the United States. It is also entering the market for etched ceramics, glass and silicon wafers; and is developing and selling proprietary inkjet technology. Export sells primarily the same products as Domestic and IKONICS Imaging to foreign customers. The accounting policies applied to determine the segment information are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Management evaluates the performance of each segment based on the components of divisional income, and with the exception for accounts receivable, does not allocate assets and liabilities to segments. Financial information with respect to the reportable segments follows: Domestic Export* IKONICS Imaging Other Total FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 Net sales .................................................................................. $ 6,568,160 $ 4,974,782 $ 4,311,542 Cost of good sold ...................................................................... Gross Profit .............................................................................. Selling, general and administrative ............................................ Research and development ........................................................ 3,594,781 2,973,379 1,196,859 - 3,399,714 2,233,692 1,575,068 2,077,850 467,883 1,257,360 1,966,740 - - 767,083 767,083 Income (loss) from operations ................................................... $ 1,776,520 $ 1,107,185 $ 820,490 $ (2,733,823) $ 970,372 FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 Net sales ................................................................................. $ 6,680,384 $ 4,677,898 $ 4,466,443 Cost of good sold ..................................................................... Gross Profit .............................................................................. Selling, general and administrative ........................................... Research and development ....................................................... 3,700,504 2,979,880 1,129,823 - 3,142,597 2,044,511 1,535,301 2,421,932 433,966 1,403,092 1,768,538 - - 775,049 Income (loss) from operations .................................................. $ 1,850,057 $ 1,101,335 $ 1,018,840 $ (2,543,587) $ 1,426,645 ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND DECEMBER 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Domestic .............................................................................................. $ 957,617 $ 980,906 Export* ............................................................................................... IKONICS Imaging ..................................................................................... Other .................................................................................................. 874,068 276,718 (31,245) 712,936 356,272 (24,857) Total ................................................................................................... $ 2,077,158 $ 2,025,257 * In 2008 and 2007, the Company marketed its products in various countries throughout the world. The Company is exposed to the risk of changes in social, political, and economic conditions inherent in foreign operations, and the Company’s results of operations are affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. No single foreign country accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s net sales for 2008 and 2007. Sales to foreign customers were 31.4% and 29.6% of the Company’s net sales for 2008 and 2007, respectively. IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 13 - - - - - - $ 15,854,484 9,228,187 6,626,297 4,888,842 $ 15,824,725 8,887,612 6,937,113 4,735,419 775,049 6. StoCk optionS The Company has stock incentive plan for the issuance of up to 342,750 shares. The plan provides for granting eligible participants stock options or other stock awards, as described by the plan, at option prices ranging from 85% to 110% of fair market value at date of grant. Options granted expire up to seven years after the date of grant. Such options generally become exercisable over a one to three year period. A total of 46,673 shares of common stock are reserved for additional future grants of options under the plan at December 31, 2008. Under the plan, the Company charged compensation cost of $19,849 and $18,913 against income and recognized a total income tax benefit in the income statement of $1,152 and $8,963 in 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, there was approximately $33,464 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation awards granted which is expected to be recognized over the next three years. The Company receives a tax deduction for certain stock option exercises during the period in which the options are exercised, generally for the excess of the prices at which the option shares are sold over the exercise price of the options. In accordance with FAS 123(R), the excess tax benefits from the exercise of stock options is reported as a reduction of operating and an increase in financing cash flows. For the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, $39,319 and $31,997 of excess tax benefits was reported in the statement of cash flows, respectively. There were no options granted during 2007. The fair value of share-based payment awards granted in 2008 was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: Dividend yield ................................................................................0.0% Expected volatility .........................................................................55.0% – 56.3% Expected life of option ...................................................................Five years Risk-free interest rate .....................................................................3.00-3.25% Fair value of each option on grant date ........................................$3.44-$4.05 SFAS 123R specifies that initial accruals be based on the estimated number of instruments for which the requisite service is expected to be rendered. Therefore, the Company is required to incorporate a preexisting forfeiture rate based on the historical forfeiture expense and prospective actuarial analysis, estimated at 2%. A summary of the status of the Company’s stock option plan as of December 31, 2008 and changes during the year then ended is presented below: Options Outstanding at Januar y 1, 2008 ....................................... Granted ......................................................................... Exercised ....................................................................... Expired and forfeited ...................................................... Outstanding at December 31, 2008 ................................... Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2008 ............... Exercisable at December 31, 2008 .................................... Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value 52,622 10,250 (35,872) (750) 26,250 26,250 13,583 $4.03 7.38 2.97 7.01 $6.69 $6.69 $5.94 2.75 2.75 1.54 $32,428 $32,428 $26,598 The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted was $3.74 for the year ended December 31, 2008. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $211,363 and $237,949 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2008: Range of Exercise Price Number Outstanding at December 31, 2008 Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) Weighted- Average Exercise Price Number Exercisable at December 31, 2008 Weighted- Average Exercise Price OP T I O N S OU T S T A N D I N g O P T I O N S E x E R C I S A B L E $ 4.00 - 4.99 $ 6.00 - 6.99 $ 7.00 - 8.99 14 7,250 5,250 13,750 26,250 1.32 4.58 2.80 2.75 $ 4.32 6.71 7.94 $ 6.69 7,250 - 6,333 13,583 $ 4.32 - 7.79 $ 5.94 IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 7. ConCentration of Credit riSk The Company maintains its cash balances primarily in two financial institutions. As of December 31, 2008, the balance at one of the institutions exceeded the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation coverage. Accounts receivable are financial instruments that also expose the Company to concentration of credit risk. The large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across different geographic areas limits such exposure. In addition, the Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts that management believes will adequately provide for credit losses. 8. LeaSe eXpenSe The Company leases buildings on a month-to-month basis and equipment as needed. On February 1, 2007 the Company entered into a lease agreement for additional warehouse space at a cost of $5,750 per month. The lease expired on February 1, 2009. Total rental expense for all equipment and building operating leases was $74,000 in 2008 and $72,000 in 2007. 9. Line of Credit The Company has a $1,250,000 bank line of credit that provides for working capital financing. This line of credit is subject to annual renewal on each October 31, is collateralized by trade receivables and inventories, and bears interest at 2.0 percentage points over 30-day LIBOR. There were no outstanding borrowings under this line of credit at December 31, 2008 and 2007. 10. emerging aCCoUnting pronoUnCementS In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2. The FSP delayed, for one year, the effective date of SFAS 157 for all nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in the financial statements on at least an annual basis. This statement was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2008. The deferred provisions of SFAS 157 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year 2009. The Company’s only financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis were its auction rate securities, which were sold during the second quarter of 2008 at cost. Accordingly, the adoption of SFAS 157 did not have a material effect on the Company’s disclosures to the financial statements. The Company’s investments in non-marketable equity securities are tested for other than temporary impairment, however, to date, there has not been an impairment and accordingly these investments are carried at cost. In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 allows entities to measure at fair value many financial instruments and certain other assets and liabilities that are not otherwise required to be measured at fair value. SFAS 159 was effective for the Company on January 1, 2008, and the Company elected not to apply the fair market value provision of SFAS 159. In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 requires all entities to report minority interests in subsidiaries as equity in the consolidated financial statements, and requires that transactions between entities and noncontrolling interests be treated as equity. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of this statement will not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”). SFAS 141 (R) establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer of a business recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree. The statement also provides guidance for recognizing and measuring the goodwill acquired in the business combination and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141(R) is effective for the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2008. The standard will change the Company’s accounting treatment for business combinations, if any, on a prospective basis. additionaL finanC iaL infor mation Stockholders of record automatically receive quarterly earnings information, and street name holders may do so upon written request. For a copy of the Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and other financial information available at no charge to stockholders, please contact: J o n g er L aCh, Chief Financial Officer IKONICS Corporation 4832 Grand Avenue, Duluth, MN 55807 Phone: (218) 628-2217 email: jgerlach@ikonics.com Annual Me eting The Company’s annual meeting will be held April 24, 2009 at 1:00 p.m. at the IKONICS new facility, 2302 Commonwealth Avenue, Duluth, Minnesota IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 15 BOARD OF D IRECTORS dav id o . h ar r iS r o nd i C . e r iCk S o n Lo Ck Wo o d C ar L S o n Char L e S h. a nd r e Sen h. L eig h Se v er an Ce g er aL d W. Simo nS o n WiL L ia m C . UL L an d President David O. Harris, Inc. Minneapolis, MN Director Since 1965 Co-Owner Nokomis Restaurant Duluth, MN Director Since 2000 President Carlson Consulting Group Minneapolis, MN Director Since 2009 Attorney Andresen & Butterworth P.A. Duluth, MN Director Since 1979 President Severance Capital Management Denver, CO Director Since 2000 President Omnetics Connector Corporation Minneapolis, MN Director Since 1978 Chairman, President & CEO IKONICS Corporation Duluth, MN Director Since 1972 CORPORATE OFFICERS WiL L ia m C . UL L an d Chairman, President & CEO CL aUd e p igUe t Executive Vice President J o n g er L aCh Vice President, Finance, CFO par neL L t hiL L Vice President, Marketing r o B er t d . Bank S Vice President, International 16 IKONICS Corporation Annual Report 2008 Net Sales 2004 - 2008 Net Income 2004 - 2008 $16,000,000 $14,000,000 $12,000,000 $10,000,000 $8,000,000 $6,000,000 $4,000,000 $2,000,000 $1,200,000 $1,000,000 $800,000 $600,000 $400,000 $200,000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 I K O N I C S F i v e - Y e a r H i s t o r y 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 6 2 0 0 7 2 0 0 8 Net Sales Pretax Income Net Income $13, 682,449 $13,97 1,217 $14,88 8,912 $15, 824,7 25 $15,854,484 $1,031,351 $1,256,169 $1,589,76 5 $1 ,6 35 ,775 $1,085,134 $758,351 $908,169 $1,123,765 $1,169,775 $814,134 Net Cash Provided by Operations $1,261 ,8 55 $98 0,047 $1,075,72 2 $1 ,697,69 5 $1,125,668 Return on Sales Return on Assets Return on Avg. Stockholders' Equity Debt to Equity Diluted EPS Stock price: High Low Close 5.5% 8.9% 11.0% 14.5% $ 0.38 $ 8.30 $4.48 $ 7.35 6.5% 9.6% 11.4% 11.7% $ 0.46 $ 8.99 $4.20 $ 6.35 7.5% 10 .5% 12 .3% 8.9 % $ 0.55 7.4% 9.8% 11 .2% 8.5% $0 .57 $ 10 .47 $1 0.4 5 $6.26 $ 7.5 3 $7 .22 $9 .28 5.1% 6.5% 7.2% 9.2% $0.40 $10.50 $5.25 $5.74 Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted 1,9 82,814 1 ,9 86,885 2 ,0 27,916 2,063 ,3 80 2,053,733 Total Assets Total Liabilities Total Stockholders' Equity Capital Spending $8,489,988 $9,470,7 99 $10 ,7 43,46 1 $1 1,9 82,4 17 $12,486,429 $1,075 ,7 72 $99 2,294 $87 9,3 62 $936,703 $1,052,789 $7,414,216 $8,478,505 $9,864,09 9 $1 1,045,7 14 $11,433,640 $270 ,0 89 $211 ,2 76 $273 ,548 $6 09,772 $4,472,681 4832 Grand Avenue, Duluth, MN 55807 toll free (800) 328-4261 phone (218) 628-2217 fax (218) 628-3245 website www.ikonics.com email info@ikonics.com ISO 9001 CERTIFIED NASDAQ LISTED: IKNX Copyright© 2009 IKONICS Corporation. All rights reserved 090306

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