Intelgenx Technologies Corp
Annual Report 2012

Plain-text annual report

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________ to __________ Commission File Number: 000-31187 INTELGENX TECHNOLOGIES CORP. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 87-0638336 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 6425 Abrams, Ville Saint Laurent, Quebec (Address of principal executive offices) H4S 1X9 (Zip Code) (514) 331-7440 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $0.00001 par value per share Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [X] Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ] No [X] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No [ ] Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company [X] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [ ] No [X] As of June 30, 2012, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $25,804,095 based on the closing price of the registrant’s common shares of U.S. $0.52, as reported on the OTCQX on that date. Shares of the registrant’s common shares held by each officer and director and each person who owns 10% or more of the outstanding common shares of the registrant have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes. Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. Class Common Stock, $.00001 par value Outstanding at March 18, 2013 50,302,922 shares DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: Portions of the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2013 Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference into Part III 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Business. Risk Factors. Unresolved Staff Comments. Properties. Legal Proceedings. Mine Safety Disclosures. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. Selected Financial Data. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. Controls and Procedures. Other Information. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance. Executive Compensation. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. Principal Accounting Fees and Services. Exhibits. Financial Statements Schedules. Page 4 11 17 17 17 17 18 19 19 26 26 26 26 27 27 27 27 27 27 28 F-1-F-27 PART I Item 1. Item 1A Item 1B Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. PART II Item 5. Item 6 Item 7. Item 7A Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Item 9B. PART III Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. PART IV Item 15. Terminology and references In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the words “Company”, “IntelGenx”, “we”, “us”, and “our”, refer collectively to IntelGenx Technologies Corp. and IntelGenx Corp., our wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary. In this Form 10-K, unless otherwise specified, all monetary amounts are in United States dollars, all references to “$”, “U.S.$”, “U.S. dollars” and “dollars” mean U.S. dollars and all references to “C$”, “Canadian dollars” and “CAD$” mean Canadian dollars. To the extent that such monetary amounts are derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K, they have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with our accounting policies as described therein. Unless otherwise indicated, other Canadian dollar monetary amounts have been translated into United States dollars at the December 31, 2012 closing rate reported by the Bank of Canada, being U.S. $1.00 = CAD$0.9949. 3 PART I Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements included or incorporated by reference in this report constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable securities laws. All statements contained in this report that are not clearly historical in nature are forward-looking, and the words “anticipate”, “believe”, “continue”, “expect”, “estimate”, “intend”, “may”, “plan”, “will”, “shall” and other similar expressions are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs and assumptions based on information available at the time the assumption was made. These forward-looking statements are not based on historical facts but on management’s expectations regarding future growth, results of operations, performance, future capital and other expenditures (including the amount, nature and sources of funding thereof), competitive advantages, business prospects and opportunities. Forward-looking statements involve significant known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those implied by forward-looking statements. These factors should be considered carefully and prospective investors should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements. Although the forward-looking statements contained in this report or incorporated by reference herein are based upon what management believes to be reasonable assumptions, there is no assurance that actual results will be consistent with these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this report or as of the date specified in the documents incorporated by reference herein, as the case may be. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statements were made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by applicable securities laws. The factors set forth in Item 1A., "Risk Factors", as well as any cautionary language in this report, provide examples of risks, uncertainties and events that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations we describe in our forward-looking statements. Before you invest in the common stock, you should be aware that the occurrence of the events described as risk factors and elsewhere in this report could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. ITEM 1. BUSINESS. Corporate History Our predecessor company, Big Flash Corp., was incorporated in Delaware on July 27, 1999. On April 28, 2006, Big Flash, through its Canadian holding corporation, completed the acquisition of IntelGenx Corp., a Canadian company incorporated on June 15, 2003. The Company did not have any operations prior to the acquisition of IntelGenx Corp. In connection with the acquisition, we changed our name from Big Flash Corp. to IntelGenx Technologies Corp. IntelGenx Corp. has continued operations as our operating subsidiary. Overview We are a drug delivery company focusing on the development of novel, orally administered drug delivery products based on our proprietary oral drug delivery technologies. We have positioned ourselves as a provider of product development services for the pharmaceutical industry, including the branded and generic pharmaceutical markets. Drug delivery systems are an important tool in the hands of physicians for purposes of optimizing drug therapy. For the pharmaceutical industry, drug delivery systems represent an opportunity to extend the market exclusivity and product lifecycle of drugs whose patent protection is nearing expiration. A significant portion of our current products under development focus on controlled release delivery systems. Controlled release delivery systems play an important role in the development of orally administered drug delivery systems. Controlled release technology provides patients with the required amount of medication over a pre-determined, prolonged period of time. Because of the reduced fluctuation of the active drug in the blood and the avoidance of plasma spikes, controlled release products are deemed safer and more tolerable than conventional dosage forms, and have shown better patient compliance. Our primary business strategy is to develop pharmaceutical products based upon our proprietary drug delivery technologies and license the commercial rights to companies in the pharmaceutical industry once the viability of a product has been demonstrated. In exchange for licensing rights to our products, we seek funding consisting of a combination of one or more of the following: advance down payments, milestone fees, reimbursement for development costs, and royalties on sales. In addition, we may receive a manufacturing royalty from our contract manufacturers for the exclusive right to manufacture our products. The companies we partner with are typically responsible for managing the regulatory approval process of the product with the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and/or other regulatory bodies, as well as for the marketing and distribution of the products. On a case-by-case basis, we may be responsible for providing all or part of the documentation required for the regulatory submission. In addition to pursuing partnering arrangements that provide for the full funding of a drug development project, we may undertake development of selected product opportunities until the marketing and distribution stage. We would first assess the potential and associated costs for successful development of a product, and then determine at which stage it would be most prudent to seek a partner, balancing costs against the potential for higher returns later in the development process. 4 Technology Platforms Our product development efforts are based upon three delivery platform technologies: (1) VersaTab™, a Multilayer Tablet technology (2) VersaFilm™, an Oral Film technology, and (3) AdVersa™, a Mucoadhesive Tablet technology. Our Multilayer Tablet platform technology allows for the development of oral controlled-release products. It is designed to be versatile and to reduce manufacturing costs as compared to competing oral extended-release delivery technologies. The Oral Film technology allows for the instant delivery of pharmaceuticals to the oral cavity, while the Mucoadhesive Tablet allows for the controlled release of active substances to the oral mucosa. The Multilayer Tablet platform technology represents a new generation of controlled release layered tablets designed to modulate the release of active compounds. The technology is based on a multilayer tablet with an active core layer and erodible cover layers. The release of the active drug from the core matrix initially occurs in a first-order fashion. As the cover layers start to erode, their permeability for the active ingredient through the cover layers increases. Thus, the Multilayer Tablet can produce quasi-linear (zero-order) kinetics for releasing a chemical compound over a desired period of time. The erosion rate of the cover layers can be customized according to the physico-chemical properties of the active drug. In addition, our multilayer technology offers the opportunity to develop combination products in a regulatory-compliant format. Combination products are made up of two or more active ingredients that are combined into a single dosage form. The Oral Film technology consists of a thin (25-35 micron) polymeric film comprised of United States Pharmacopeia (USP) components that are approved by the FDA for use in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products. Derived from the edible film technology used for breath strips and initially developed for the instant delivery of savory flavors to food substrates, the VersaFilm™ technology is designed to provide a rapid response compared to existing conventional tablets. The VersaFilm™ technology is intended for indications requiring rapid onset of action, such as migraine, motion sickness, erectile dysfunction, and nausea. The Mucoadhesive Tablet is a drug delivery system capable of adhering to the oral mucosa and releasing the drug onto the site of application at a controlled rate. The Mucoadhesive Tablet is designed to provide the following advantages relative to competing technologies: (i) it avoids the first pass effect, whereby the liver metabolizes the active ingredient and greatly reduces the level of drug in the systemic circulation, (ii) it leads to a higher absorption rate in the oral cavity as compared to the conventional oral route, and (iii) it achieves a rapid onset of action for the drug. The Mucoadhesive Tablet technology is designed to be versatile in order to permit the site of application, residence time, and rate of release of the drug to be modulated to achieve the desired results. Product Portfolio Our product portfolio includes a blend of generic and branded products based on our proprietary delivery technology (“generic” drugs are essentially copies of drugs that have already received FDA approval). Of the eleven projects currently in our product portfolio, four utilize our VersaTab™ technology, six utilize our VersaFilm™ technology, and one utilizes our AdVersa™ technology. INT0001/2004. This is the most advanced generic product involving our multilayer tablet technology. Equivalency with the reference product Toprol XL ® and its European equivalent Beloc-ZOK ® has been demonstrated in-vitro . The product has been tested in phase I studies. Pivotal development activities are ongoing. INT0004/2006. The development of a new, higher strength of the antidepressant Bupropion HCl, the active ingredient in Wellbutrin XL®, has been completed. In November 2011 the FDA approved the drug for patients with Major Depressive Disorder and, in February 2012, we entered into an agreement with Edgemont Pharmaceuticals LLC (“Edgemont”) for commercialization of the product in the United States. Under the terms of the agreement, Edgemont has obtained certain exclusive rights to market and sell the product in the U.S. In exchange IntelGenx received a $1.0 million upfront payment and will receive launch related milestones totaling up to $4.0 million. In addition, IntelGenx will be eligible for additional milestones upon achieving certain sales and exclusivity targets of up to a further $23.5 million. IntelGenx will also receive tiered double-digit royalties on the net sales of the product. The agreement has no expiry date but may be terminated in the event of, without limitation (i) failure by either us or Edgemont to perform our respective obligations under the agreement; (ii) if either party files a petition for bankruptcy or insolvency or otherwise winds up, liquidates or dissolves its business, or (iii) otherwise by mutual consent of the parties. The agreement also contains customary confidentiality, indemnification and intellectual property protection provisions. 5 The product was launched in the U.S. in October 2012 under the brand name Forfivo XL™. As of December 31, 2012 we have received an upfront payment of $1 million and we have invoiced a $1 million milestone payment related to the launch. We expect to commence receiving royalty payments in the first quarter of 2013. INT0006/2005. On December 10, 2007, we entered into a license and development agreement with Azur Pharma (now part of Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc) for the development and manufacture of a prenatal vitamin supplement using product specific intellectual property that we developed. The product was launched in the United States during the fourth quarter of 2008 under the brand name Gesticare®. As of December 31, 2011, we had received a total of approximately $2 million in upfront, milestone and development fees and royalties. Sales of the product were discontinued in the third quarter of 2011. INT0007/2006. An oral Tadalafil film product based on our proprietary edible film technology is currently in the optimization stage. The product is intended for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). The results of a phase I pilot study that was conducted in the third quarter of 2010 indicate that the product is bioequivalent with the brand product, Cialis ® . A second clinical trial comparing an alternative formulation with the reference listed drug (RLD) was completed in the first quarter of 2013. The results of this study suggest the potential for a faster acting Tadalafil using our VersaFilm™ product. INT0008/2007. We are currently preparing a 505(b)(2) new drug application (“NDA”) for our novel oral thin-film formulation of Rizatriptan, the active drug in Maxalt-MLT® orally disintegrating tablets. Maxalt-MLT® is a leading branded anti-migraine product manufactured by Merck & Co. The thin-film formulation of Rizatriptan has been developed in accordance with the co-development and commercialization agreement with RedHill Biopharma Ltd. using IntelGenx' proprietary immediate release VersaFilm™ oral drug delivery technology. In December 2011, we received approval by Health Canada to conduct a pivotal bioequivalence study to determine if our product is safe and bioequivalent with the FDA approved reference product, Maxalt-MLT®. The trial was conducted in the second quarter of 2012 and was a randomized, two-period, two-way crossover study in healthy male and female subjects. The study results indicate that the product is safe, and that the 90% confidence intervals of the three relevant parameters Cmax, AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-infinity) are well within the 80 – 125 acceptance range for bioequivalency. In November 2012 we had a successful pre-New Drug Application meeting with the FDA which confirmed the adequacy of the clinical, non-clinical and CMC data for our proposed 505(b)(2) NDA submission with the FDA that we intend to file in the first quarter of 2013. INT0020/2010. An oral Eszopiclone film product based on our proprietary edible film technology is currently in the formulation optimization stage. The product is intended for the treatment of insomnia. INT0024/2010. An oral tablet product based on our proprietary multilayer tablet technology is currently in the development stage. An interaction study was conducted in the third quarter of 2012 and yielded positive results. The product is intended for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. INT0027/2011. An oral controlled-release film product based on our proprietary edible film technology is currently in the development stage. INT0028/2011. We initially entered into an agreement with Cynapsus Therapeutics Inc. (formerly Cannasat Therapeutics Inc., “Cynapsus”) for the development of a buccal mucoadhesive tablet product containing a cannabinoid-based drug for the treatment of neuropathic pain and nausea in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. A clinical biostudy undertaken in 2009 on the mucoadhesive tablet developed by us and based on our proprietary AdVersa™ technology indicated improved bioavailability and reduced first-pass metabolization of the drug. In the fourth quarter of 2010, we acquired from Cynapsus full control of, and interest in, this project going forward. We also obtained worldwide rights to US Patent 7,592,328 and all corresponding foreign patents and patent applications to exclusively develop and further provide intellectual property protection for this project. INT0030/2011. An oral film product based on our proprietary edible film technology is currently in the development stage. The product is intended for the animal health market. An initial acceptability study of the placebo in dogs indicated that the product is well accepted and a larger study is in preparation. INT0031/2012. An oral controlled-release film product based on our proprietary edible film technology is currently in the early development stage. The product is intended for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia The current development status of each of our products as of the date of this report is summarized in the following table: 6 INT0007/2006 Erectile Dysfunction Product INT0001/2004 INT0004/2006 INT0006/2005 INT0008/2007 INT0020/2010 INT0024/2010 INT0027/2011 INT0028/2011 INT0030/2011 INT0031/2012 Growth Strategy Application Status of Development CHF (Coronary Heart Failure), Hypertension Antidepressant Prenatal vitamin supplement Migraine Insomnia Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Undisclosed Cancer pain Animal health Pivotal batches in preparation. FDA approved November 2011 and launched in USA as Forfivo XL™ in October, 2012. Product launched in USA Q4, 2008. Discontinued end Q3, 2011. Pilot biostudy completed indicating bioequivalence with brand product. Pilot phase 1 study against the Reference Listed Drug (“RLD”) suggests faster rate of absorption. Pivotal biostudy completed indicating bioequivalence with RLD. Pivotal manufacturing activities completed. FDA submission scheduled for late Q1, 2013 Formulation improvements ongoing. Interaction study completed. Formulation optimization in preparation. Formulation development ongoing. Formulation development ongoing. Acceptability study in preparation. Benign prostatic hyperplasia Formulation development ongoing. Our primary growth strategies include: (1) identifying lifecycle management opportunities for existing market leading pharmaceutical products, (2) developing generic drugs with high barriers to entry, (3) developing products for the (non-pharmaceutical) nutritional supplement market, and (4) developing new drug delivery technologies. Lifecycle Management Opportunities We are seeking to position our delivery technologies as an opportunity for lifecycle management of products for which patent protection of the active ingredient is nearing expiration. While the patent for the underlying substance cannot be extended, patent protection can be obtained for a new and improved formulation by filing an application with the FDA under Section 505(b)(2) of the U.S. Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. Such applications, known as a “505(b)(2) NDA”, are permitted for new drug products that incorporate previously approved active ingredients, even if the proposed new drug incorporates an approved active ingredient in a novel formulation or for a new indication. A 505(b)(2) NDA may include information regarding safety and efficacy of a proposed drug that comes from studies not conducted by or for the applicant. The first formulation for a respective active ingredient filed with the FDA under a 505(b)(2) application may qualify for up to three years of market exclusivity upon approval. Based upon a review of past partnerships between third party drug delivery companies and pharmaceutical companies, management believes that drug delivery companies which possess innovative technologies to develop these special dosage formulations present an attractive opportunity to pharmaceutical companies. Accordingly, we believe “505(b)(2) products” represent a viable business opportunity for us. Generic Drugs with High Barriers to Entry We plan to pursue the development of generic drugs that have certain barriers to entry, e.g., where product development and manufacturing is complex and can limit the number of potential entrants into the generic market. We plan to pursue such projects only if the number of potential competitors is deemed relatively insignificant. 7 Nutritional Supplement Products We plan to develop additional products for the nutritional supplement market based upon our proprietary drug delivery technologies. The market for these supplements is large, with little differentiation between products. Our proprietary technology is aimed at increasing the absorption rate of active ingredients. We believe that supplements represent attractive short-term revenue opportunities since they are not regulated as pharmaceutical products and do not require FDA approval. Development of New Drug Delivery Technologies The rapidly disintegrating film technology contained in our VersaFilm™, and our AdVersa™ mucosal adhesive tablet, are two examples of our efforts to develop alternate technology platforms. As we work with various partners on different products, we seek opportunities to develop new proprietary technologies. Competition The pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive and is subject to the rapid emergence of new technologies, governmental regulations, healthcare legislation, availability of financing, patent litigation and other factors. Many of our competitors, including Monosol Rx, Labtec GmbH, BioDelivery Sciences International, Inc. and Skye Pharma PLC, have longer operating histories and greater financial, technical, marketing, legal and other resources than we have. In addition, many of our competitors have significantly greater experience than we have in conducting clinical trials of pharmaceutical products, obtaining FDA and other regulatory approvals of products, and marketing and selling products that have been approved. We expect that we will be subject to competition from numerous other companies that currently operate or are planning to enter the markets in which we compete. The key factors affecting the development and commercialization of our drug delivery products are likely to include, among other factors: (cid:1) The safety and efficacy of our products; (cid:1) The relative speed with which we can develop products; (cid:1) Generic competition for any product that we develop; (cid:1) Our ability to defend our existing intellectual property and to broaden our intellectual property and technology base; (cid:1) Our ability to differentiate our products; (cid:1) Our ability to develop products that can be manufactured on a cost effective basis; (cid:1) Our ability to manufacture our products in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (“cGMP”) and any other regulatory requirements; and (cid:1) Our ability to obtain financing. In order to establish ourselves as a viable industry partner, we plan to continue to invest in our research and development activities in order to further strengthen our technology base and to develop the ability to manufacture our products through our manufacturing partners at competitive costs. Our Competitive Strengths We believe that our key competitive strengths include: (cid:1) Our intellectual property; (cid:1) The versatility of our drug delivery technology; and (cid:1) The potential manufacturing cost savings associated with our technology. 8 Manufacturing Partnership We currently manufacture products only for testing purposes in our own laboratories, and we do not manufacture products for pivotal clinical trials or for commercial use. In order to establish ourselves as a full-service partner for our thin film products, we plan to establish a pilot plant for the manufacture of larger scale test batches of products developed using our VersaFilm™ drug delivery technology. VersaFilm™ is IntelGenx' immediate release polymeric film technology. It is comprised of a thin polymeric film using United States Pharmacopeia (USP) components that are safe and approved by the FDA for use in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. VersaFilm™ provides a patent- protected method of re-formulating approved pharmaceuticals in a more convenient and discrete oral dosage form. We expect to establish our pilot plant by December 31, 2013. We formed a strategic alliance with LTS Lohmann Therapie-Systeme AG ("LTS") for the manufacturing of certain products developed by us using our VersaFilm™ technology. LTS is regarded as a pioneer in the development and production of transdermal and film form oral systems and has become one of the world's leading suppliers for the international pharmaceutical industry. We formed a strategic manufacturing partnership with, and took an ownership position in, Pillar5 Pharma Inc. (“Pillar5”). We have undertaken to use our best efforts to ensure that distributors of our oral solid dose pharmaceutical products that are developed for commercial production, be directed to Pillar5 for the purpose of negotiating a manufacturing agreement requiring Pillar5 to manufacture such products. As consideration for this undertaking, Pillar5 issued to us common shares representing 10% of the issued and outstanding shares of Pillar5. This manufacturing partnership secures the production of clinical test batches and commercial products for our VersaTab™ and AdVersa™ tablet products. We are not currently a manufacturer and we do not usually purchase large quantities of raw materials. Our manufacturing partners, however, may purchase significant quantities of raw materials, some of which may have long lead times. If raw materials cannot be supplied to our manufacturing partners in a timely and cost effective manner, our manufacturing partners may experience delays in production that may lead to reduced supplies of commercial products being available for sale or distribution. Such shortages could have a detrimental effect on sales of the products and a corresponding reduction on our royalty revenues earned. Dependence on Major Customers We do not rely on any one or a few major customers for our end products. However, we depend upon a limited number of partners to develop our products, to provide funding for the development of our products, to assist in obtaining regulatory approvals that are required in order to commercialize these products, and to market and sell our products. Intellectual Property and Patent Protection We protect our intellectual property and technology by using the following methods: (i) applying for patent protection in the United States and in the appropriate foreign markets, (ii) non-disclosure agreements, license agreements and appropriate contractual restrictions and controls on the distribution of information, and (iii) trade secrets, common law trademark rights and trademark registrations. We plan to file core technology patents covering the use of our platform technologies in any pharmaceutical products. We have obtained four (4) patents and have an additional six (6) pending patent applications, as described below. The patents expire 20 years after submission of the initial application. 9 Patent No. US 6,231,957 US 6,660,292 Title Subject Rapidly disintegrating flavor wafer for flavor enrichment Rapidly disintegrating film for precooked foods The composition, manufacturing, and use of rapidly disintegrating flavored films for releasing flavors to certain substrates Composition and manufacturing of flavored films for releasing flavors to precooked food substrates Date submitted / issued / expiration Issued May 15, 2001 Expires May 6, 2019 Issued December 9, 2003 Expires June 19, 2021 US 7,132,113 Flavored film US Appl. 2007/0190144 US Appl. 2007/0128272 Multilayer Tablet Multi-Vitamin And Mineral Supplement US Appl. 11/782,838 PCT/IB2007/03950 Controlled Release Pharmaceutical Tablets Sustained-release Bupropion and Bupropion / Mecamylamine tablets Composition and manufacturing method of multi-layered films Issued April 16, 2002 Expires April 16, 2022 Formulation and Method of Preparation of Multilayered Tablets Formulation and Method of Preparation of Prenatal Multivitamin Supplement Formulation and Method Of Making Tablets Containing Bupropion And Mecamylamine Formulation and Method Of Making Tablets Containing Bupropion And Mecamylamine Published August 16, 2007 Published June 7, 2007 July 25, 2006 Issued March 9, 2010 Expires July 25, 2027 Oral Mucoadhesive dosage form Direct compression formulation for buccal and sublingual dosage forms July 15, 2010 Oral film dosage forms and methods for making same Optimization of Film strip technology December 8, 2010 Solid oral dosage forms comprising Tadalafil Oral films containing Tadalafil April 04, 2011 US Patent 7674479 US Appl . 12/836810 US Appl. US 12/936.132 US Appl. 13/079,348 Government Regulation The pharmaceutical industry is highly regulated. The products we participate in developing require certain regulatory approvals. In the United States, drugs are subject to rigorous regulation by the FDA. The U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, and other federal and state statutes and regulations, govern, among other things, the research, development, testing, manufacture, storage, record keeping, packaging, labeling, adverse event reporting, advertising, promotion, marketing, distribution, and import and export of pharmaceutical products. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements may subject a company to a variety of administrative or judicially-imposed sanctions and/or the inability to obtain or maintain required approvals or to market drugs. The steps ordinarily required before a new pharmaceutical product may be marketed in the United States include: 10 (cid:1) preclinical laboratory tests, animal studies and formulation studies under FDA’s good laboratory practices regulations, or GLPs; (cid:1) the submission to the FDA of an investigational new drug application, or IND, which must become effective before human clinical trials may begin; (cid:1) the completion of adequate and well-controlled clinical trials according to good clinical practice regulations, or GCPs, to establish the safety and efficacy of the product for each indication for which approval is sought; (cid:1) after successful completion of the required clinical testing, submission to the FDA of a NDA, or an Abbreviated NDA (“ANDA”), for generic drugs. In certain cases, an application for marketing approval may include information regarding safety and efficacy of a proposed drug that comes from studies not conducted by or for the applicant. Such applications, known as a 505(b)(2) NDA, are permitted for new drug products that incorporate previously approved active ingredients, even if the proposed new drug incorporates an approved active ingredient in a novel formulation or for a new indication; (cid:1) satisfactory completion of an FDA inspection of the manufacturing facility or facilities at which the product is produced to assess compliance with cGMPs to assure that the facilities, methods and controls are adequate to preserve the drug’s identity, strength, quality and purity; and (cid:1) FDA review and approval of the NDA or ANDA. The cost of complying with the foregoing requirements, including preparing and submitting an NDA or ANDA, may be substantial. Accordingly, we typically rely upon our partners in the pharmaceutical industry to spearhead and bear the costs of the FDA approval process. We also seek to mitigate regulatory costs by focusing on 505(b)(2) NDA opportunities. By applying our drug delivery technology to existing drugs, we seek to develop products with lower research & development (“R&D”) expenses and shorter time-to-market timelines as compared to regular NDA products. Research and Development Expense Our R&D expenses, net of R&D tax credits, for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased to $1,723 thousand as compared to $1,336 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase in R&D expenditure is explained in the section of this report entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Environmental Regulatory Compliance We believe that we are in compliance with environmental regulations applicable to our research and development facility located in Ville Saint- Laurent, Quebec. Employees As of the date of this filing, we have 10 full-time and no part-time employees. None of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that our relations with our employees are good. ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS. Our business faces many risks. Any of the risks discussed below, or elsewhere in this report or in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), could have a material impact on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. Risks Related to Our Business We continue to sustain losses and our revenues are not sufficient to sustain our operations. Even though we ceased being a “development stage” company in April 2006, we are still subject to all of the risks associated with having a limited operating history and pursuing the development of new products. Our cash flows may be insufficient to meet expenses relating to our operations and the development of our business, and may be insufficient to allow us to develop new products. We currently conduct research and development using our proprietary platform technologies to develop oral controlled release and other delivery products. We do not know whether we will be successful in the development of such products. We have an accumulated deficit of approximately $14,463 thousand since our inception in 2003 through December 31, 2012. To date, these losses have been financed principally through sales of equity securities, long- term debt and debt from related parties. Our revenues for the past five years ended December 31, 2012, December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010, December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were $1,208 thousand, $440 thousand, $1,337 thousand, $1,279 thousand and $977 thousand respectively. Our revenues in 2012 consisted primarily of milestone payments and the amortization of deferred revenue related to the commercialization of Forfivo XL™, our first FDA-approved product, which was commercialized in October 2012. Revenue generated to date has not been sufficient to sustain our operations. In order to achieve profitability, our revenue streams will have to increase and there is no assurance that revenues will increase to such a level. 11 We may incur losses associated with foreign currency fluctuations. The majority of our expenses are paid in Canadian dollars, while a significant portion of our revenues are in U.S. dollars. Our financial results are subject to the impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations. Adverse movements in exchange rates could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We may need additional capital to fulfill our business strategies. We may also incur unforeseen costs. Failure to obtain such capital would adversely affect our business. We will need to expend significant capital in order to continue with our research and development by hiring additional research staff and acquiring additional equipment. If our cash flows from operations are insufficient to fund our expected capital needs, or our needs are greater than anticipated, we may be required to raise additional funds in the future through private or public sales of equity securities or the incurrence of indebtedness. Additional funding may not be available on favorable terms, or at all. If we borrow additional funds, we likely will be obligated to make periodic interest or other debt service payments and may be subject to additional restrictive covenants. If we fail to obtain sufficient additional capital in the future, we could be forced to curtail our growth strategy by reducing or delaying capital expenditures, selling assets or downsizing or restructuring our operations. If we raise additional funds through public or private sales of equity securities, the sales may be at prices below the market price of our stock and our shareholders may suffer significant dilution. The loss of the services of key personnel would adversely affect our business. Our future success depends to a significant degree on the skills, experience and efforts of our executive officers and senior management staff. The loss of the services of existing personnel would be detrimental to our research and development programs and to our overall business. We are dependent on business partners to conduct clinical trials of, obtain regulatory approvals for, and manufacture, market, and sell our controlled release products. We depend heavily on our pharmaceutical partners to pay for part or all of the research and development expenses associated with developing a new product and to obtain approval from regulatory bodies such as the FDA to commercialize these products. We also depend on our partners to distribute these products after receiving regulatory approval. Our revenues from research and development fees, milestone payments and royalty fees are derived from our partners. Our inability to find pharmaceutical partners who are willing to pay us these fees in order to develop new products would negatively impact our business and our cash flows. We have limited experience in manufacturing, marketing and selling pharmaceutical products. Accordingly, if we cannot maintain our existing partnerships or establish new partnerships with respect to our other products in development, we will have to establish our own capabilities or discontinue the commercialization of the affected product. Developing our own capabilities would be expensive and time consuming and could delay the commercialization of the affected product. There can be no assurance that we would be able to develop these capabilities. Our existing agreements with pharmaceutical industry partners are generally subject to termination by the counterparty on short notice upon the occurrence of certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, the following: a determination that the product in development is not likely to be successfully developed or not likely to receive regulatory approval; our failure to satisfy our obligations under the agreement, or the occurrence of a bankruptcy event. If any of our partnerships are terminated, we may be required to devote additional resources to the product, seek a new partner on short notice, or abandon the product development efforts. The terms of any additional partnerships or other arrangements that we establish may not be favorable to us. We are also at risk that these partnerships or other arrangements may not be successful. Factors that may affect the success of our partnerships include the following: (cid:1) Our partners may incur financial and cash-flow difficulties that force them to limit or reduce their participation in our joint projects; (cid:1) Our partners may be pursuing alternative technologies or developing alternative products that are competitive to our product, either on their own or in partnership with others; (cid:1) Our partners may reduce marketing or sales efforts, or discontinue marketing or sales of our products, which may reduce our revenues received on the products; (cid:1) Our partners may have difficulty obtaining the raw materials to manufacture our products in a timely and cost effective manner or experience delays in production, which could affect the sales of our products and our royalty revenues earned; 12 (cid:1) Our partners may terminate their partnerships with us. This could make it difficult for us to attract new partners or adversely affect perception of us in the business and financial communities; (cid:1) Our partners may pursue higher priority programs or change the focus of their development programs, which could affect the partner’s commitment to us. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies historically have re-evaluated their priorities from time to time, including following mergers and consolidations, a common occurrence in recent years; and (cid:1) Our partners may become the target of litigation for purported patent or intellectual property infringement, which could delay or prohibit commercialization of our products and which would reduce our revenue from such products. We face competition in our industry, and many of our competitors have substantially greater experience and resources than we do. We compete with other companies within the drug delivery industry, many of which have more capital, more extensive research and development capabilities and greater human resources than we do. Some of these drug delivery competitors include Monosol Rx, Labtec GmbH, BioDelivery Sciences International, Inc. and Skye Pharma PLC. Our competitors may develop new or enhanced products or processes that may be more effective, less expensive, safer or more readily available than any products or processes that we develop, or they may develop proprietary positions that prevent us from being able to successfully commercialize new products or processes that we develop. As a result, our products or processes may not compete successfully, and research and development by others may render our products or processes obsolete or uneconomical. Competition may increase as technological advances are made and commercial applications broaden. We rely upon third-party manufacturers, which puts us at risk for supplier business interruptions. We have entered into agreements with third party manufacturers to manufacture certain of our products once we complete development and after we receive regulatory approval. If our third-party manufacturers fail to perform, our ability to market products and to generate revenue would be adversely affected. Our failure to deliver products in a timely manner could lead to the dissatisfaction of our distribution partners and damage our reputation, causing our distribution partners to cancel existing agreements with us and to stop doing business with us. The third-party manufacturers that we depend on to manufacture our products are required to adhere to FDA regulations regarding cGMP, which include testing, control and documentation requirements. Ongoing compliance with cGMP and other regulatory requirements is monitored by periodic inspection by the FDA and comparable agencies in other countries. Failure by our third-party manufacturers to comply with cGMP and other regulatory requirements could result in actions against them by regulatory agencies and jeopardize our ability to obtain products on a timely basis. We are subject to extensive government regulation including the requirement of approval before our products may be marketed. Even if we obtain marketing approval, our products will be subject to ongoing regulatory review. We, our partners, our products, and our product candidates are subject to extensive regulation by governmental authorities in the United States and other countries. Failure to comply with applicable requirements could result in warning letters, fines and other civil penalties, delays in approving or refusal to approve a product candidate, product recall or seizure, withdrawal of product approvals, interruption of manufacturing or clinical trials, operating restrictions, injunctions, and criminal prosecution. Our products cannot be marketed in the United States without FDA approval. Obtaining FDA approval requires substantial time, effort, and financial resources, and there can be no assurance that any approval will be granted on a timely basis, if at all. We rely on our partners for the preparation of applications and for obtaining regulatory approvals. If the FDA does not approve our product candidates in a timely fashion, or does not approve them at all, our business and financial condition may be adversely affected. Further, the terms of approval of any marketing application, including the labeling content, may be more restrictive than we desire and could affect the marketability of our or our collaborator's products. Subsequent discovery of problems with an approved product may result in restrictions on the product or its withdrawal from the market. In addition, both before and after regulatory approval, we, our collaborators, our products, and our product candidates are subject to numerous FDA requirements covering testing, manufacturing, quality control, cGMP, adverse event reporting, labeling, advertising, promotion, distribution, and export. Our partners and we are subject to surveillance and periodic inspections to ascertain compliance with these regulations. Further, the relevant law and regulations may change in ways that could affect us, our partners, our products, and our product candidates. Failure to comply with regulatory requirements could have a material adverse impact on our business. Regulations regarding the manufacture and sale of our future products are subject to change. We cannot predict what impact, if any, such changes may have on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 13 Additionally, the time required for obtaining regulatory approval is uncertain. We may encounter delays or product rejections based upon changes in FDA policies, including cGMP, during periods of product development. We may encounter similar delays in countries outside of the United States. We may not be able to obtain these regulatory acceptances on a timely basis, or at all. The failure to obtain timely regulatory acceptance of our products, any product marketing limitations, or any product withdrawals would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, before it grants approvals, the FDA or any foreign regulatory authority may impose numerous other requirements with which we must comply. Regulatory acceptance, if granted, may include significant limitations on the indicated uses for which the product may be marketed. FDA enforcement policy strictly prohibits the marketing of accepted products for unapproved uses. Product acceptance could be withdrawn or civil and/or criminal sanctions could be imposed for our failure to comply with regulatory standards or the occurrence of unforeseen problems following initial marketing. We may not be able to expand or enhance our existing product lines with new products limiting our ability to grow. If we are not successful in the development and introduction of new products, our ability to grow will be impeded. We may not be able to identify products to enhance or expand our product lines. Even if we can identify potential products, our investment in research and development might be significant before we could bring the products to market. Moreover, even if we identify a potential product and expend significant dollars on development, we may never be able to bring the product to market or achieve market acceptance for such product. As a result, we may never recover our expenses. The market may not be receptive to products incorporating our drug delivery technologies. The commercial success of any of our products that are approved for marketing by the FDA and other regulatory authorities will depend upon their acceptance by the medical community and third party payers as clinically useful, cost-effective and safe. To date, only two products based upon our technologies have been marketed in the United States, which limits our ability to provide guidance or assurance as to market acceptance. Factors that we believe could materially affect market acceptance of these products include: (cid:1) the timing of the receipt of marketing approvals and the countries in which such approvals are obtained; (cid:1) the safety and efficacy of the product as compared to competitive products; (cid:1) the relative convenience and ease of administration as compared to competitive products; (cid:1) the strength of marketing distribution support; and (cid:1) the cost-effectiveness of the product and the ability to receive third party reimbursement. We are subject to environmental regulations and any failure to comply may result in substantial fines and sanctions. Our operations are subject to Canadian and international environmental laws and regulations governing, among other things, emissions to air, discharges to waters and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of raw materials, waste and other materials. Many of these laws and regulations provide for substantial fines and criminal sanctions for violations. We believe that we are and have been operating our business and facility in a manner that complies in all material respects with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations; however, we may incur material costs or liabilities if we fail to operate in full compliance. We do not maintain environmental damage insurance coverage with respect to the products which we manufacture. We may have to make significant expenditures in the future to comply with evolving environmental, health and safety requirements, including new requirements that may be adopted or imposed in the future. To meet changing licensing and regulatory standards, we may have to make significant additional site or operational modifications that could involve substantial expenditures or reduction or suspension of some of our operations. We cannot be certain that we have identified all environmental and health and safety matters affecting our activities and in the future our environmental, health and safety problems, and the costs to remediate them, may be materially greater than we expect. Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property If we are not able to adequately protect our intellectual property, we may not be able to compete effectively. Our success depends, to a significant degree, upon the protection of our proprietary technologies. While we currently own four U.S. patents and have applied for six U.S. patents, we will need to pursue additional protection for our intellectual property as we develop new products and enhance existing products. We may not be able to obtain appropriate protection for our intellectual property in a timely manner, or at all. Our inability to obtain appropriate protections for our intellectual property may allow competitors to enter our markets and produce or sell the same or similar products. 14 If we are forced to resort to legal proceedings to enforce our intellectual property rights, the proceedings could be burdensome and expensive. In addition, our proprietary rights could be at risk if we are unsuccessful in, or cannot afford to pursue, those proceedings. We also rely on trade secrets and contract law to protect some of our proprietary technology. We have entered into confidentiality and invention agreements with our employees and consultants. Nevertheless, these agreements may not be honored and they may not effectively protect our right to our un-patented trade secrets and know-how. Moreover, others may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets and know-how. In 1995, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office adopted changes to the U.S. patent law that made the term of issued patents 20 years from the date of filing rather than 17 years from the date of issuance, subject to specified transition periods. Beginning in June 1995, the patent term became 20 years from the earliest effective filing date of the underlying patent application. These changes may reduce the effective term of protection for patents that are pending for more than three years. While we cannot predict the effect that these changes will have on our business, they could have a material adverse effect on our ability to protect our proprietary information. Furthermore, the possibility of extensive delays in the patent issuance process could effectively reduce the term during which a marketed product is protected by patents. We may need to obtain licenses to patents or other proprietary rights from third parties. We may not be able to obtain the licenses required under any patents or proprietary rights or they may not be available on acceptable terms. If we do not obtain required licenses, we may encounter delays in product development or find that the development, manufacture or sale of products requiring licenses could be foreclosed. We may, from time to time, support and collaborate in research conducted by universities and governmental research organizations. We may not be able to acquire exclusive rights to the inventions or technical information derived from these collaborations, and disputes may arise over rights in derivative or related research programs conducted by us or our collaborators. If we infringe on the rights of third parties, we may not be able to sell our products, and we may have to defend against litigation and pay damages. If a competitor were to assert that our products infringe on its patent or other intellectual property rights, we could incur substantial litigation costs and be forced to pay substantial damages. Such litigation costs could be as a result of direct litigation against us, or as a result of litigation against one or more of our partners to whom we have contractually agreed to indemnify in the event that our intellectual property is the cause of a successful litigious action against our partner. Third-party infringement claims, regardless of their outcome, would not only consume significant financial resources, but would also divert our management’s time and attention. Such claims could also cause our customers or potential customers to purchase competitors’ products or defer or limit their purchase or use of our affected products until resolution of the claim. If any of our products are found to violate third-party intellectual property rights, we may have to re-engineer one or more of our products, or we may have to obtain licenses from third parties to continue offering our products without substantial re-engineering. Our efforts to re- engineer or obtain licenses could require significant expenditures and may not be successful. Our controlled release products that are generic versions of branded controlled release products that are covered by one or more patents may be subject to litigation, which could delay FDA approval and commercial launch of our products. We expect to file or have our collaborators file ANDAs or NDAs for our controlled release products under development that are covered by one or more patents of the branded product. It is likely that the owners of the patents covering the brand name product or the sponsors of the NDA with respect to the branded product will sue or undertake regulatory initiatives to preserve marketing exclusivity. Any significant delay in obtaining FDA approval to market our products as a result of litigation, as well as the expense of such litigation, whether or not we or our collaborators are successful, could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 15 Risks Related to Our Securities: The price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations. Any of the following factors could affect the market price of our common stock: (cid:1) Our failure to achieve and maintain profitability; (cid:1) Changes in earnings estimates and recommendations by financial analysts; (cid:1) Actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly results of operations; (cid:1) Changes in market valuations of similar companies; (cid:1) Announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, new products, acquisitions, commercial relationships, joint ventures or capital commitments; (cid:1) The loss of major customers or product or component suppliers; (cid:1) The loss of significant partnering relationships; and (cid:1) General market, political and economic conditions. We have a significant number of convertible securities outstanding that could be exercised in the future. Subsequent resale of these and other shares could cause our stock price to decline. This could also make it more difficult to raise funds at acceptable levels pursuant to future securities offerings. We have a concentration of stock ownership and control, and a small number of shareholders have the ability to exert significant control in matters requiring shareholder vote and may have interests that conflict with yours. Directors and Officers hold 23.1% of our common stock. See “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the 2013 Proxy Statement. As a result, such shareholders, acting together, may have the ability to control matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of mergers and other significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control of our company. It may also deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and may affect the market price of our common stock. In deciding how to vote on such matters, those shareholders’ interests may conflict with yours. Changes in the independence of our directors could result in governance risks. Currently, we have a majority of independent directors, but in the future we cannot guarantee that our Board of Directors will always have a majority of independent directors. In the absence of a majority of independent directors, our chief executive officer, who is also a principal shareholder and director, could establish policies and enter into transactions without independent review and approval. This could present the potential for a conflict of interest between us and our shareholders generally and the controlling officers, stockholders or directors. Our common stock is a high risk investment. Our common stock was quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “IGXT” from January 2007 until June 2012 and, subsequent to our upgrade in June 2012, has been quoted on the OTCQX. Our common stock has also been listed on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol “IGX” since May 2008. There is a limited trading market for our common stock, which may affect the ability of shareholders to sell our common stock and the prices at which they may be able to sell our common stock. The market price of our common stock has been volatile and fluctuates widely in response to various factors which are beyond our control. The price of our common stock is not necessarily indicative of our operating performance or long term business prospects. In addition, the securities markets have from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. In the United States, our common stock is considered a “penny stock”. The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define a “penny stock” to be an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to specific exemptions. This designation requires any broker or dealer selling these securities to disclose certain information concerning the transaction, obtain a written agreement from the purchaser and determine that the purchaser is reasonably suitable to purchase the securities. These rules may restrict the ability of brokers or dealers to sell our common stock and may affect the ability of investors to sell their shares. As a result of the foregoing, our common stock should be considered a high risk investment. 16 We became public by means of a reverse merger, and as a result we are subject to the risks associated with the prior activities of the public company with which we merged. In addition, we may not be able to attract the attention of major brokerage firms or institutional buyers . Additional risks may exist because we became public through a "reverse merger" with a shell corporation. Although the shell did not have recent or past operations or assets and we performed a due diligence review of the public company, there can be no assurance that we will not be exposed to undisclosed liabilities resulting from the prior operations of our company. Security analysts of major brokerage firms and securities institutions may not cover us since there are no broker-dealers who sold our stock in a public offering who would have an incentive to follow or recommend the purchase of our common stock. No assurance can be given that established brokerage firms will want to conduct any financings for us in the future. Our limited cash resources restrict our ability to pay cash dividends. Since our inception, we have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. Therefore, we do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination relating to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on a number of factors, including future earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions and future prospect and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant. If we do not pay any dividends on our common stock, our shareholders will be able to profit from an investment only if the price of the stock appreciates before the shareholder sells it. Investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our common stock. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS Not applicable. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES We currently occupy 3,500 square feet of leased space at a rate of CAD$8.88/square foot in an industrial zone at 6425 Abrams, Ville St.- Laurent, Quebec, Canada under a five year renewable lease agreement signed in 2004. We expanded our laboratory and office space at this facility to its maximum during the second quarter of 2006. We extended the term of the lease agreement to, most recently, the day immediately preceding the fulfillment of certain conditions relating to the occupation of new leased premises at 6410-6420 Abrams. Commencing in June 2013, we plan to occupy approximately 28,600 square feet of leased space at a rate of CAD$11.46/square foot for the first five years of a ten year renewable lease agreement, and at a rate of CAD$12.46/square foot thereafter. We plan to utilize approximately 16,000 square feet of the new facility to establish pilot plant manufacturing capabilities for our thin film VersaFilm™ products, approximately 7,000 square feet for our R&D activities, and approximately 5,000 square feet for administration. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS There are no material pending legal proceedings to which we are a party or to which any of our property is subject and to the best of our knowledge, no such actions against us are contemplated or threatened. ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 17 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Market Information Our common stock was quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “IGXT” from January 2007 until June 2012 and, subsequent to our upgrade in June 2012, has been quoted on the OTCQX. Our common stock has also been listed on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol “IGX” since May 2008. The table below sets forth the high and low bid prices of our common stock as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board/OTCQX and the TSX for the periods indicated. These prices represent inter-dealer quotations without retail markup, markdown, or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. 2012 Fourth Quarter Third Quarter Second Quarter First Quarter 2011 Fourth Quarter Third Quarter Second Quarter First Quarter Number of Shareholders OTCQX/OTCBB High (U.S.$) Low (U.S.$) TSX-V High (CAD$) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 0.725 $ 0.674 $ 0.580 $ 0.740 $ 0.720 $ 0.985 $ 0.840 $ 0.690 $ 0.560 $ 0.460 $ 0.445 $ 0.450 $ 0.410 $ 0.580 $ 0.550 $ 0.350 $ 0.750 $ 0.700 $ 0.590 $ 0.750 $ 0.700 $ 0.950 $ 0.820 $ 0.670 $ Low (CAD$) 0.540 0.540 0.450 0.460 0.405 0.590 0.500 0.370 On March 15, 2013 there were approximately 65 holders of record of our common stock, one of which was Cede & Co., a nominee for Depository Trust Company, and one of which was The Canadian Depository for Securities Limited, or CDS. All of our common shares held by brokerage firms, banks and other financial institutions in the United States and Canada as nominees for beneficial owners are considered to be held of record by Cede & Co. in respect of brokerage firms, banks and other financial institutions in the United States, and by CDS in respect of brokerage firms, banks and other financial institutions located in Canada. Cede & Co. and CDS are each considered to be one shareholder of record. Dividend Policy We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain any earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. Therefore, we do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination relating to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on a number of factors, including future earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions and future prospect and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers During the fourth quarter of 2012, there were no purchases or repurchases of our equity securities by us or any affiliated purchasers. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds During fiscal 2012, we did not sell equity securities without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as disclosed on a Current Report on Form 8-K. 18 ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA Not applicable. ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITIONS AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Introduction to Management’s Discussion and Analysis The purpose of this section, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, is to provide a narrative explanation of the financial statements that enables investors to better understand our business, to enhance our overall financial disclosure, to provide the context within which our financial information may be analyzed, and to provide information about the quality of, and potential variability of, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Unless otherwise indicated, all financial and statistical information included herein relates to our continuing operations. Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, the words, “IntelGenx, “Company”, “we”, “us”, and “our” refer to IntelGenx Technologies Corp. and its subsidiaries, including IntelGenx Corp. This information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto. Company Background We are a drug delivery company established in 2003 and headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Our focus is on the development of novel oral immediate-release and controlled-release products for the pharmaceutical market. Our business strategy is to develop pharmaceutical products based on our proprietary drug delivery technologies and, once the viability of a product has been demonstrated, to license the commercial rights to partners in the pharmaceutical industry. In certain cases, we rely upon partners in the pharmaceutical industry to fund development of the licensed products, complete the regulatory approval process with the FDA or other regulatory agencies relating to the licensed products, and assume responsibility for marketing and distributing such products. In addition, we may choose to pursue the development of certain products until the project reaches the marketing and distribution stage. We will assess the potential for successful development of a product and associated costs, and then determine at which stage it is most prudent to seek a partner, balancing such costs against the potential for additional returns earned by partnering later in the development process. We have also undertaken a strategy under which we will work with pharmaceutical companies in order to develop new dosage forms for pharmaceutical products for which patent protection is nearing expiration. Under Section 505(b)(2) of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act, the FDA may grant market exclusivity for a term of up to three years following approval of a listed drug that contains previously approved active ingredients but is approved in a new dosage, dosage form, route of administration or combination, or for a new use, the approval of which was required to be supported by new clinical trials, other than bioavailability studies, conducted by or for the sponsor. We are currently continuing to develop the existing products in our pipeline and may also perform research and development on other potential products as opportunities arise. We currently purchase and/or lease, on an as-needed basis, the equipment necessary for performing research and development activities related to our products. We plan to hire new personnel in the areas of research and development, manufacturing, and administration on an as-needed basis as we enter into partnership agreements, establish pilot plant VersaFilm™ manufacturing, and increase our research and development activities. 19 Key Developments We achieved a number of milestones in our strategic development throughout 2012, and subsequent to December 31, 2012, most notably the following: Forfivo XL ™ Forfivo XL™, our first FDA approved product, was launched in October 2012 and is being marketed in the United States under the terms of a license agreement between IntelGenx and Edgemont Pharmaceuticals. Forfivo XL™ is indicated for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (“MDD”) and is the only extended-release bupropion HCl product to provide a once-daily, 450mg dose in a single tablet. The active ingredient in Forfivo XL™ is bupropion, the same active ingredient used in the well-known antidepressant product: Wellbutrin XL®. Prior to the launch of Forfivo XL™, most patients in the US requiring a 450mg dose of bupropion have been taking multiple tablets to achieve their 450mg dose requirement. With Forfivo XL™ now available in the US, these patients can simplify their dosing regimen to a single Forfivo XL tablet, once- daily. The commercialization of Forfivo XL™ triggers launch-related milestone payments for IntelGenx of up to $4.0 million, of which $1 million was invoiced by us in the fourth quarter of 2012, and additional milestones upon achieving certain sales and exclusivity targets of up to a further $23.5 million. IntelGenx will also receive tiered double-digit royalties on net sales of Forfivo XL™. Anti-migraine Film On May 29, 2012 we announced the successful completion of a pivotal bioequivalence study for our novel oral thin-film formulation of Rizatriptan, the active drug in Maxalt-MLT® orally disintegrating tablets. The trial was a randomized, two-period, two-way crossover study in healthy male and female subjects. The study was designed to determine whether the product is safe and bioequivalent to Maxalt-MLT® as measured by industry standard pharmacokinetic measures, peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC). On November 8, 2012 we announced the conclusion of a pre-New Drug Application ("NDA") meeting with the FDA related to our oral thin-film formulation of Rizatriptan. The purpose of the meeting was to confirm the adequacy of the clinical, non-clinical and CMC data for our proposed 505(b)(2) NDA submission, which we intend to file in the first quarter of 2013, as previously announced. Maxalt-MLT® is a leading branded anti-migraine product manufactured by Merck & Co (“Merck”) and, according to Merck's 2011 annual report, sales of Maxalt® grew 16% to $639 million in the year. The thin-film formulation of Rizatriptan has been developed using IntelGenx' proprietary immediate release "VersaFilm™" drug delivery technology. OTCQX Listing On June 14, 2012 we announced that our common stock was upgraded from the OTC Bulletin Board and began trading on the prestigious OTCQX trading platform. The OTCQX is the highest tier of the OTC market and is exclusively for companies that meet the highest financial standards and undergo a qualitative review. We continue to trade under the symbol IGXT in the U.S. and our common shares also continue to trade on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol IGX. Currency Rate Fluctuations Our operating currency is Canadian dollars, while our reporting currency is U.S. dollars. Accordingly, our results of operations and balance sheet position have been affected by currency rate fluctuations. The following management discussion and analysis takes this into consideration whenever material. 20 Results of Operations – Year ended December 31, 2012 compared to the Year ended December 31, 2011. In U.S.$ thousands 2012 2011 Revenue Other Income Research and Development Expenses Research and Development Tax Credit Management Salaries General and Administrative Expenses Professional Fees Depreciation Foreign Exchange Loss Interest and Financing Fees Net Loss Revenue and Other Income $ 1,198 $ 10 1,935 (212 ) 716 347 582 46 41 3 (2,250 ) 433 $ 7 1,524 (188 ) 586 333 594 37 3 3 (2,452 ) Increase/ (Decrease) 765 3 411 24 130 14 (12 ) 9 38 0 (202 ) Percentage Increase/ (Decrease) 177% 43% 27% 13% 22% 4% (2% ) 24% 1,267% 0% (8% ) Total revenue and other income increased by $768 thousand, or 175%, from $440 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2011 to $1,208 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2012. Forfivo XL™, our first FDA approved product, was launched in October 2012 under a licensing partnership with Edgemont Pharmaceuticals LLP (“Edgemont”). Forfivo XL™ is indicated for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (“MDD”) and is the only extended-release bupropion HCl product to provide a once-daily, 450mg dose in a single tablet. Under the terms of the agreement with Edgemont, the commercial launch of Forfivo XL™ triggered a milestone payment of $1 million, which we invoiced to Edgemont and recognized as revenue in the fourth quarter of 2012. We expect to start receiving royalty payments from commercial sales of the product in the first quarter of 2013. Upon entering into the licensing agreement, Edgemont paid us an upfront fee of $1 million, which we recognized as deferred license revenue. The deferred license revenue will be amortized in income over the period where sales of Forfivo XL™ are expected to be exclusive. As a result of this policy, we recognized $77 thousand in income during the fourth quarter of 2012. Also included in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2012 is the receipt of a $100 thousand development milestone in respect of our Rizatriptan VersaFilm™ project and was related to the successful completion of the pivotal bioequivalence study. Revenue earned from our pharmaceutical partners for development milestones achieved, including non-refundable upfront license fees, were $359 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2011. The decrease is attributable to the timing related to the achievement of development milestones. We are currently negotiating with a number of potential partners related to new development projects for various drug candidates and, whilst the timing of such events is difficult to predict, we are optimistic of securing contracts in the near future. Sales of our first commercialized product, a pre-natal multivitamin supplement, marketed in the USA as Gesticare®, were discontinued in the third quarter of 2011. We received final royalties from the sale of the product in the fourth quarter of 2011 from Azur Pharma, now part of Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc. In the year ended December 31, 2011 royalty revenues earned from Gesticare® were approximately $74 thousand. Interest and other income of $10 thousand was recorded in the year ended December 31, 2012, compared with $7 thousand in the previous year. Interest and other income relates primarily to interest earned on deposits at banks. 21 Research and Development (“R&D”) Expenses R&D expenses totaled $1,935 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2012 compared with $1,524 thousand the previous year, representing an increase of $411 thousand, or 27%. The increase in R&D expenses is primarily attributable to approximately $289 thousand of costs incurred for the technical transfer of activities in preparation for manufacturing of Forfivo XL™ to our Contract Manufacturing Organization, Pillar5 Pharma, together with the Product Fee for Forfivo XL™ of $100 thousand payable to the FDA. Included within R&D expenses for 2011 are R&D Salaries of $659 thousand, of which approximately $16 thousand represents non-cash compensation. This compares to R&D salaries of $739 thousand in 2011, of which approximately $18 thousand represented non-cash compensation. The decrease in R&D Salaries is attributable to vacancies in both the first and fourth quarters of 2012, paternity leave in the second and third quarters of 2012, and the foreign exchange impact arising from the translation of our operating currency into our reporting currency. In the year ended December 31, 2012 we recorded estimated Research and Development Tax Credits and refunds of $212 thousand, compared with $188 that was recorded in the previous year. Management Salaries and General and Administrative (“G&A”) Expenses Management salaries increased from $586 thousand in fiscal 2011 to $716 thousand in fiscal 2012, representing an increase of $130 thousand, or 22%. The increase is primarily attributable to approximately $80 thousand in costs related to the appointment of our business development director and an increase of approximately $28 thousand in directors’ fees. Included in management salaries for fiscal 2012 are approximately $12 thousand (2011: $10 thousand) in non-cash compensation from options granted to management employees in 2010, 2011 and 2012, and $23 thousand (2011: $10 thousand) in non-cash compensation from options granted to non-employee directors in 2010 and 2011. General and administrative expenses increased marginally from $333 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2011 to $347 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2012. Professional Fees Professional fees for the year ended December 31, 2012 decreased slightly to $582 thousand from $594 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2011. Included within professional fees are shareholder / investor relations expenses of approximately $143 thousand (2011: $179 thousand) of which approximately $1 thousand (2011: $13 thousand) is a non-cash expense for options granted to an investor relation firm for investor relation services. Share-Based Compensation Expense, Warrants and Stock Based Payments Share-based compensation expense, warrants and share-based payments totaled $59 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2012, compared to $51 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2011. We expensed approximately $28 thousand in 2012 for options granted to our employees in 2010, 2011 and 2012 under the 2006 Stock Option Plan, and approximately $23 thousand for options granted to non-employee directors in 2010 and 2011, compared with $28 thousand and $10 respectively that was expensed in the previous year. We also expensed $1 thousand in 2012 for options granted to investor relation firms for investor relation services, compared to $13 thousand that was expensed in 2011 and we expensed $7 thousand for options granted to consultants (2011: $Nil). There remains approximately $72 thousand in stock based compensation to be expensed in fiscal 2013 and 2014, of which $55 thousand relates to the issuance of options to our employees and directors during 2011 and 2012 and $17 thousand relates to the issuance of options to consultants during 2012. We anticipate the issuance of additional options and warrants in the future, which will continue to result in stock-based compensation expense. 22 Depreciation The depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2012 totaled $46 thousand, compared with $37 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase primarily relates to the amortization of addition research and development equipment that was purchased during 2012. Foreign Exchange A foreign exchange loss of approximately $41 thousand was recorded in the year ended December 31, 2012 compared with a foreign exchange loss of $3 thousand in the previous year. The foreign exchange losses relate primarily to currency fluctuations between the Canadian dollar and the U.S. dollar. Net Loss The net loss for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $2,250 thousand and represents an improvement of $202 thousand compared to the net loss of $2,452 thousand for the previous year. The main items resulting in the decrease in net loss are summarized as follows: a) b) c) d) An increase of $765 thousand in revenue, primarily related to the commercialization of Forfivo XL™ An increase in net R&D expenses of approximately $387 thousand, primarily related the timing of research and development project milestones An increase in management salaries of approximately $130 thousand, primarily related to the appointment of our business development director and an increase in directors’ fees An increase in foreign exchange loss of $38 thousand Key Items from the Balance Sheet In U.S.$ thousands 2012 2011 Current Assets Leasehold Improvements and Equipment Intangible Assets Current Liabilities Deferred License Revenue Capital Stock Additional Paid-in-Capital $ 3,656 $ 387 116 1,366 615 0 16,342 4,296 $ 149 125 666 - 0 15,918 Increase/ (Decrease) (640 ) 238 (9 ) 700 615 0 424 Percentage Increase/ (Decrease) (15% ) 160% (7% ) 105% N/A 0% 3% Current Assets Current assets totaled $3,656 thousand at December 31, 2012 compared with $4,296 thousand at December 31, 2011. The decrease of $640 thousand is attributable to a decrease in cash of $1,446 thousand, a decrease in loan receivable of $85 thousand, and a decrease in investment tax credits receivable of $162 thousand, partly offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $1,019 thousand and an increase in prepaid expenses of $34 thousand. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $2,059 thousand as at December 31, 2012 representing a decrease of $1,446 thousand compared to the balance of $3,505 thousand as at December 31, 2011. The decrease in cash on hand relates to net cash used in operating activities of $1,638 thousand, together with net cash used in investing activities of $270 thousand, partly offset with net cash provided by financing activities of $365 thousand and an unrealized foreign exchange gain of $97 thousand. Accounts receivable totaled $1,282 thousand (2011: $263 thousand) as at December 31, 2012, of which approximately $146 thousand is a sales tax refund that we expect to receive in the first half of 2013. Included within the accounts receivable balance as at December 31, 2012 is a $1 million milestone that was invoiced to Edgemont Pharmaceuticals in the fourth quarter of 2012 under the terms of our licensing partnership for the launch of Forfivo XL™. Subsequent to the end of the fiscal year, we received payment against this invoice in February 2013. 23 As of December 31, 2012, prepaid expenses totaled $102 thousand compared with $68 thousand as of December 31, 2011. The increase in prepaid expenses relates to invoices paid prior to December 31, 2012 that are associated with items to be expensed in fiscal 2013, which include the annual fee for our listing on the U.S. stock exchange, European patent expenses, a deposit paid for attendance at a trade exhibition, and audit fees. An interest-bearing short term loan of $85 thousand was provided to an employee, who is also an officer of the Company, on November 9, 2011. The loan was repaid on February 28, 2012. In addition, we had R&D investment tax credits receivable of approximately $213 thousand as at December 31, 2012 compared with $375 thousand as at December 31, 2011. The amount receivable as at December 31, 2012 relates to credits accrued throughout fiscal 2012. We expect to receive reimbursement in the fourth quarter of 2013. The balance that was outstanding as at December 31, 2011 related to credits accrued throughout fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011 of which $193 thousand was received in January 2012 and the balance of $182 thousand was received in November 2012. Leasehold Improvements and Equipment As at December 31, 2012, the net book value of property and equipment amounted to $387 thousand, compared to $149 thousand at December 31, 2011. In the year ended December 31, 2012 additions to assets totaled $270 thousand and comprised $224 thousand for pilot plant manufacturing equipment for our VersaFilm™ products, $44 thousand for laboratory equipment, $1 thousand for furniture and $1 thousand for computer equipment. Depreciation on Leasehold Improvements and equipment in the year ended December 31, 2012 amounted to $37 thousand and a foreign exchange gain of $5 thousand was recorded. Intangible Assets As at December 31, 2012 NDA acquisition costs of $116 thousand (December 31, 2011 - $125 thousand) were recorded as intangible assets on our balance sheet and are related to the acquisition of 100% ownership of Forfivo XL™. The asset will be amortized over its expected useful life and amortization commenced upon commercial launch of Forfivo XL™ in the fourth quarter of 2012. Current Liabilities Current liabilities totaled $1,366 thousand as at December 31, 2012 (December 31, 2011 - $666 thousand) and consisted of accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $1,058 thousand (December 31, 2011 - $666 thousand) as detailed above, and the current portion of deferred license revenue of $308 thousand (December 31, 2011 - $Nil). Accounts payable and accrued liabilities as at December 31, 2012 amounted to $1,058 thousand (December 31, 2011 - $666 thousand), of which approximately $795 thousand relates to research and development activities, approximately $70 thousand relates to professional fees, and approximately $165 thousand relates to accrued payroll liabilities. The increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities as at December 31, 2012, compared with December 31, 2011, primarily relates to an invoice received for the technical transfer of manufacturing activities of Forfivo XL™ to our Contract Manufacturing Organization, Pillar5 Pharma, together with an invoice received from FDA related to Forfivo XL™. Deferred License Revenue Pursuant to the execution of a licensing agreement for Forfivo XL™, we received an upfront fee from Edgemont Pharmaceuticals in the first quarter of 2012, which we recognized as deferred license revenue. The deferred license revenue will be amortized in income over the period where sales of Forfivo XL™ are expected to be exclusive. As a result of this policy, we have a deferred revenue balance of $923 thousand at December 31, 2012 that has not been recognized as revenue, with $615 thousand recognized as the non-current portion and $308 thousand recognized in current assets as the current portion. 24 Shareholders’ Equity As at December 31, 2012 we had accumulated a deficit of $14,463 thousand compared with an accumulated deficit of $12,213 thousand as at December 31, 2011. Total assets amounted to $4,159 thousand and shareholders’ equity totaled $2,178 thousand as at December 31, 2012, compared with total assets and shareholders’ equity of $4,570 thousand and $3,904 thousand respectively, as at December 31, 2011. Contractual Obligations and Commitments Excluding trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities, we are committed to the following contractual obligations and commitments: In U.S.$ thousands Operating Lease Obligations Investor Relations Total Capital Stock 2013 (Less than 1 Year) 15 $ $ 5 $ $ 20 $ $ 1 Year or More 0 0 0 As at December 31, 2012 capital stock amounted to $499 compared to $489 at December 31, 2011. The increase reflects the issuance of 745,393 shares and 50,000 shares related to the exercise of warrants and stock options, respectively, with all shares issued at par value of $0.00001. Capital stock is disclosed at its par value with the excess of proceeds shown in Additional Paid-in-Capital. Additional Paid-in-Capital Additional paid-in capital totaled $16,342 thousand at December 31, 2012, as compared to $15,918 thousand at December 31, 2011. The increase relates in part to $59 thousand for stock based compensation of which $1 thousand is attributable to the amortization of stock options granted to our investor relations consultants, $7 thousand is attributable to the amortization of stock options granted to other consultants, and $51 thousand is attributable to the amortization of stock options granted to employees and directors. Additional paid-in capital increased further by $337 thousand for warrants exercised, and by $28 thousand for options exercised. Key items from the Statement of Cash Flows In U.S.$ thousands 2012 2011 Operating Activities Financing Activities Investing Activities Cash and cash equivalents – end of period $ (1,638 ) $ 365 (270 ) 2,059 (2,316 ) $ 4,780 (159 ) 3,505 Increase/ (Decrease) (678 ) (4,415 ) 111 (1,446 ) Percentage Increase/ (Decrease) (29% ) (92% ) 70% (41% ) Statement of cash flows Net cash used by operating activities was $1,638 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2012, compared to $2,316 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2011. In fiscal 2012, net cash used by operating activities consisted of an operating loss of $2,145 thousand (2011 - $2,311 thousand) and an increase in non-cash operating elements of working capital of $507 thousand compared with a decrease of $5 thousand in 2011. Operating activities will continue to consume our available funds until we are able to generate increased revenues. The net cash provided by financing activities was $365 thousand in fiscal 2012, compared to $4,780 thousand provided in the previous year. The net cash provided in 2012 resulted from proceeds of $337 thousand from the exercise of warrants and a further $28 thousand from the exercise of options. Of the net cash provided by financing activities in the previous year, $3,230 thousand came from a private placement completed in the second quarter of 2011, less $369 thousand used to pay related transaction costs, plus proceeds of $1,600 thousand from the exercise of warrants and a further $319 thousand from the exercise of options. 25 Net cash used in investing activities amounted to $270 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $159 thousand in the year ended December 31, 201. The net cash used in investing activities in 2012 relates exclusively to the purchase of fixed assets and comprised $224 thousand for pilot plant manufacturing equipment for our VersaFilm™ products, $44 thousand for laboratory equipment, $1 thousand for furniture and $1 thousand for computer equipment. Included within the use of funds in 2011 are intangible assets of approximately $125 thousand related to the acquisition of 100% ownership of Forfivo XL™, our novel, high strength formulation of Bupropion HCl the active ingredient in Wellbutrin XL® indicated for the treatment of patients with Major Depressive Disorder. The balance of cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2012 amounted to $2,059 thousand, compared to $3,505 thousand at December 31, 2011. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We have no off-balance sheet arrangements as contemplated by SK 229 303 (A) (4) (ii). ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK. Not applicable. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The consolidated financial statements and supplementary data of the Company required in this item are set forth beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES a. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Based on an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) were effective as of December 31, 2012 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. b. Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that there were no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2012 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. 26 c. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and the Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, we believe that, as of December 31, 2012, our internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria. This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by the company's registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit the Company to provide only management's report in this Annual Report. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PART III Certain information required by this Item 10 relating to our directors, executive officers, audit committee and corporate governance is incorporated by reference herein from the 2013 Proxy Statement. We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our directors and officers, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is posted on our website at http://www.intelgenx.com . We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by posting such information on our website at the web address specified above. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Certain information required by this Item 11 relating to remuneration of directors and executive officers and other transactions involving management is incorporated by reference herein from the 2013 Proxy Statement. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Certain information required by this Item 12 relating to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management, and the equity compensation plan information, is incorporated by reference herein from the 2013 Proxy Statement. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE Certain information required by this Item 13 relating to certain relationships and related transactions, and director independence is incorporated by reference herein from the 2013 Proxy Statement. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES Certain information required by this Item 14 regarding principal accounting fees and services is set forth under “Audit Fees” in the 2013 Proxy Statement. 27 ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES PART IV (a) Financial Statements and Schedules 1. Financial Statements The following financial statements are filed as part of this report under Item 8 of Part II “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data: A. B. C. D. E. F. Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended of December 31, 2012 and 2011. Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended of December 31, 2012 and 2011. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 2 . Financial Statement Schedules Financial statement schedules not included herein have been omitted because they are either not required, not applicable, or the information is otherwise included herein. (b) Exhibits. Exhibit No. 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 9.1 EXHIBIT INDEX Description Share exchange agreement dated April 10, 2006 (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K/A filed on May 5, 2006) Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 (File No. 333-90149) filed on November 16, 1999) Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to amendment No. 2 to Form SB-2 (File No. 333- 135591) filed on August 28, 2006) Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to the Form DEF 14C filed on April 20, 2007) By-Laws (incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 (File No. 333-91049) filed on November 16, 1999 Amended and Restated By-Laws (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on March 31, 2011) Amended and Restated By-Laws (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on March 21, 2012) Voting Trust agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K/A filed on May 5, 2006) 10.1 + Horst Zerbe employment agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 (File No. 333-135591) filed on July 3, 2006) 10.2 + Ingrid Zerbe employment agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 (File No. 333-135591) filed on July 3, 2006) 10.3 10.4 Registration rights agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 (File No. 333-135591) filed on July 3, 2006) Principal's registration rights agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 (File No. 333-135591) filed on July 3, 2006) 10.5 + 2006 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to the Form S-8 filed on November 21, 2006) 28 10.6 + Employment Contract Paul A. Simmons (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on September 5, 2008) 10.7 + 10.8 Amended and Restated 2006 Stock Option Plan, May 29, 2008 (incorporated by reference to the Form 10-K filed on March 25, 2009) Co-Development and Commercialization Agreement with RedHill Biopharma Ltd. (incorporated by reference to the Form 10-Q filed on November 9, 2010) 10.9 + Amended and Restated 2006 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to the Form S-8 filed on November 15, 2010) 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 14 21.1 23.1* 31.1* 31.2* 32.1* 32.2* Agency Agreement, dated as of August 27, 2010, between the Company and Bolder Investment Partners, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2010) Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of August 27, 2010, by and among the Company and the purchasers pursuant to the offering (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2010) Form of Subscription Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2010) Form of Warrant (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2010) Form of Compensation Option (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2010) Project Transfer Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form 10-Q filed on May 14, 2010) Co-development and Licensing Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form 10-Q filed on May 14, 2010) License and Asset Transfer Agreement with Edgemont Pharmaceuticals (incorporated by reference to the Form 10Q filed on May 15, 2012) Securities Purchase Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on June 3, 2011) Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on June 3, 2011) Form of Warrant (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed on June 3, 2011) Code of Ethics (incorporated by reference to the Form S-1 filed on March 24, 2009) Subsidiaries of the small business issuer (incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 (File No. 333-135591) filed on July 3, 2006) Consent of Richter LLP Certification of Horst G. Zerbe, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* Certification of Paul A. Simmons, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* Certification of Horst G. Zerbe, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.* Certification of Paul A. Simmons, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. * *Filed herewith. + Indicates management contract or employee compensation plan 29  Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned on March 18, 2013, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES INTELGENX TECHNOLOGIES CORP. By: By: /s/Horst G. Zerbe Horst G. Zerbe President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) /s /Paul A. Simmons Paul A. Simmons Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Position Date By: /s/ Horst G. Zerbe Horst G. Zerbe By : /s/Paul A. Simmons Paul A. Simmons By:/s/ Bernard Boudreau J. Bernard Boudreau By: /s/ Ian Troup John (Ian) Troup By:/s/ Bernd Melchers Bernd J. Melchers By:/s/ John Marinucci John Marinucci By:/s/ Rajiv Khosla Rajiv Khosla President, Chief Executive Officer and Director March 18, 2013 Chief Financial Officer Director Director Director Director Director 30 March 18, 2013 March 18, 2013 March 18, 2013 March 18, 2013 March 18, 2013 March 18, 2013 IntelGenx Technologies Corp Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) IntelGenx Technologies Corp Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) Contents Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F - 1 F - 2 F - 3 - 4 F - 5 F - 6 F - 7 - 27 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. as at December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, shareholders' equity and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Richter LLP (Signed) Montréal, Québec March 15, 2013 1 CPA auditor, CA, public accountancy permit No. A110982 514.934.3400 mtlinfo@richter.ca Richter LLP 1981 McGill College Mtl (Qc) H3A 0G6 www.richter.ca Member RSM International Montréal, Toronto IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Consolidated Balance Sheets As at December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in Thousands of U.S. Dollars ($’000) Except Share and Per Share Data) Assets Current Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Prepaid expenses Loan receivable Investment tax credits receivable Leasehold Improvements and Equipment (note 5) Intangible assets (note 6) Liabilities Current Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Deferred license revenue (note 7) Deferred license revenue, non-current portion (note 7) Total Liabilities Commitments (note 8) Shareholders' Equity Capital Stock (note 8) Additional Paid-in-Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income See accompanying notes Approved on Behalf of the Board: /s/ J. Bernard Boudreau /s/ Horst G. Zerbe Director Director F - 2 2012 2011 $ 2,059 $ 1,282 102 - 213 3,656 387 116 3,505 263 68 85 375 4,296 149 125 $ 4,159 $ 4,570 1,058 308 1,366 615 1,981 0 16,342 (14,463 ) 299 2,178 $ 4,159 $ 666 - 666 - 666 0 15,918 (12,213 ) 199 3,904 4,570 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity For the Year Ended December 31, 2011 (Expressed in Thousands of U.S. Dollars ($’000) Except Share and Per Share Data) Capital Stock Number 39,581,271 $ Amount Additional Paid-In Capital 11,087 $ Accumulated Deficit (9,761 ) $ Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Total Shareholders' Equity 1,476 49 150 $ 49 Balance - December 31, 2010 Foreign currency translation adjustment Issue of common stock, net of transaction costs of $390 (note 9) Warrants issued, net of transaction costs of $132 (note 10) Agents’ warrants (note 10) Warrants exercised (note 10) Agents’ warrants exercised (note 10) Options exercised (note 10) Stock-based compensation (note 10) Net loss for the period Balance – December 31, 2011 - 4,821,342 - - 3,418,009 299,406 775,000 - - 48,895,028 $ 0 $ - - - - - - - - - 0 $ - 2,024 685 153 1,458 142 318 51 - 15,918 $ - - - - - - - - (2,452 ) (12,213 ) $ - - - - - - - - 199 $ 2,024 685 153 1,458 142 318 51 (2,452 ) 3,904 See accompanying notes F - 3 IntelGenxTechnologies Corp. Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity For the Year Ended December 31, 2012 (Expressed in Thousands of U.S. Dollars ($’000) Except Share and Per Share Data) Capital Stock Number 48,895,028 $ Amount Additional Paid-In Capital 15,918 $ Accumulated Deficit (12,213 ) $ Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Balance - December 31, 2011 Foreign currency translation adjustment Warrants exercised (note 10) Agents’ warrants exercised (note 10) Options exercised (note 10) Stock-based compensation (note 10) Net loss for the period Balance – December 31, 2012 - 726,080 219,313 50,000 - - 49,890,421 $ 0 $ - - - - - - 0 $ - 233 104 28 59 - 16,342 $ - - - - - (2,250 ) (14,463 ) $ Total Shareholders' Equity 3,904 100 233 104 28 59 (2,250 ) 2,178 199 $ 100 - - - - - 299 $ See accompanying notes F - 4 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss For the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in Thousands of U.S. Dollars ($’000) Except Share and Per Share Data) Revenue Other Income Expenses Research and development Research and development tax credits Management salaries General and administrative Professional fees Depreciation Foreign exchange loss Interest and financing fees Loss Before Income Taxes Income taxes (note 11) Net Loss Other Comprehensive Income Foreign currency translation adjustment Comprehensive Loss Basic and Diluted Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share (note 14) See accompanying notes F - 5 $ 2012 1,198 $ 10 1,208 1,935 (212 ) 716 347 582 46 41 3 3,458 (2,250 ) - (2,250 ) 2011 433 7 440 1,524 (188 ) 586 333 594 37 3 3 2,892 (2,452 ) - (2,452 ) 100 (2,150 ) $ 49,637,908 (0.04 ) $ 49 (2,403 ) 43,736,003 (0.05 ) $ $ IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Year Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in Thousands of U.S. Dollars ($’000) Except Share and Per Share Data) Funds Provided (Used) - Operating Activities Net loss Depreciation Stock-based compensation Accounts receivable write-off Changes in assets and liabilities Accounts receivable Prepaid and other assets Other receivables Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities Deferred revenue Financing Activities Issuance of common stock and warrants Proceeds from exercise of warrants, agents’ warrants and stock options Transaction costs Investing Activities Additions to leasehold improvements and equipment Additions to intangible assets Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents Effect of Foreign Exchange on Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and Cash Equivalents Beginning of Year End of Year See accompanying notes F - 6 2012 2011 $ (2,250 ) $ 46 59 - (2,145 ) (1,019 ) (34 ) 247 390 923 507 (1,638 ) 365 - 365 (270 ) - (270 ) (1,543 ) 97 $ 3,505 2,059 $ (2,452 ) 37 51 53 (2,311 ) (38 ) (21 ) (263 ) 317 - (5 ) (2,316 ) 3,231 1,918 (369 ) 4,780 (34 ) (125 ) (159 ) 2,305 56 1,144 3,505 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 1. Basis of Presentation IntelGenx Technologies Corp. (“IntelGenx” or the “Company”) prepares its financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“USA”). This basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned, and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary companies. On consolidation, all inter- entity transactions and balances have been eliminated. The financial statements are expressed in U.S. funds. 2. Nature of Business The Company specializes in the development of pharmaceutical products in co-operation with various pharmaceutical companies. Technologies The Company has developed three proprietary delivery platforms; including an immediate release oral film “ VersaFilm™ ”, a mucoadhesive tablet “ AdVersa™ ” and a multilayer controlled release tablet “ VersaTab™ ”. The three technology platforms have been designed to address the challenges commonly encountered in oral drug delivery, such as first- pass metabolism, gastrointestinal (“GI”) side effects, or incomplete absorption of the drug in the GI tract. IntelGenx’ technologies are broadly applicable and have the ability to improve the performance of a wide variety of existing pharmaceutical compounds. Product Pipeline IntelGenx’ product pipeline currently consists of 9 products in various stages of development, including products for the treatment of hypertension, erectile dysfunction, benign prostatic hyperplasia, migraine, insomnia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, allergies and pain management. Of the products currently under development, 6 utilize the VersaFilm™ technology, 2 utilize the VersaTab™ technology, and one utilizes the AdVersa™ technology. Approved and Commercialized Products The Company’s first FDA-approved product, Forfivo XL™, was launched in the USA in October 2012 under a licensing partnership with Edgemont Pharmaceuticals LLP. Forfivo XL™ is indicated for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and is the only extended-release bupropion HCl product to provide a once-daily, 450mg dose in a single tablet. The active ingredient in Forfivo XL is bupropion, the same active ingredient used in Wellbutrin XL®. Sales of the Company’s first commercialized product, a pre-natal multivitamin supplement, marketed in the USA as Gesticare®, were discontinued in the third quarter of 2011. The Company received final royalties from the sale of the product in the fourth quarter of 2011 from Azur Pharma, now part of Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc. F - 7 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 3. Adoption of New Accounting Standards In May 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”. The amendments in this Update result in common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. Consequently, the amendments change the wording used to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements. For many of the requirements, FASB does not intend for the amendments in this Update to result in a change in the application of the requirements in Topic 820. Some of the amendments clarify FASB’s intent about the application of existing fair value measurement requirements. Other amendments change a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements. For public entities, ASU 2011-4 is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this Statement did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. In June 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income”. Under the amendments, an entity has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both choices, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. This Update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity. The amendments in this Update do not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. ASU 2011-05 should be applied retrospectively. For public entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. In December 2011 however, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-12, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05”. The amendments in this Update supersede changes to those paragraphs in Update 2011-05 that pertain to how, when, and where reclassification adjustments are presented. The adoption of this Statement did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. F - 8 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from research and development contracts as the contracted services are performed or when milestones are achieved, in accordance with the terms of the specific agreements and when collection of the payment is reasonably assured. In addition, the performance criteria for the achievement of milestones are met if substantive effort was required to achieve the milestone and the amount of the milestone payment appears reasonably commensurate with the effort expended. Amounts received in advance of the recognition criteria being met, if any, are included in deferred income. IntelGenx has license agreements that specify that certain royalties are earned by the Company on sales of licensed products in the licensed territories. Licensees usually report sales and royalty information in the 45 days after the end of the quarter in which the activity takes place and typically do not provide forward estimates or current-quarter information. Because the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the amount of royalties earned during the period in which these licensees actually ship products, royalty revenue is not recognized until the royalties are reported to the Company and the collection of these royalties is reasonably assured. In August 2010 the Company entered into a joint development and commercialization agreement with RedHill Biopharma (“RedHill”), an Israeli company, for an anti-migraine product based upon the Company’s VersaFilm™ technology. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, RedHill made up-front and milestone payments in the aggregate amount of $600 thousand, of which $100 thousand was received by the Company in 2012 upon production of pivotal batches. RedHill is required to make additional milestone payments of up to $700,000 as follows: $200 thousand upon the filing of an NDA and acceptance of the filing by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration; and $500 thousand upon receipt of U.S. Food and Drug Administration marketing approval for the product. Product Sales: The Company launched Forfivo XL™ in the USA in October 2012 under a licensing partnership with Edgemont Pharmaceuticals LLP (“Edgemont”). Under the terms of the agreement with Edgemont, the commercial launch of Forfivo XL™ triggered launch-related milestone payments for IntelGenx of up to $4.0 million, of which $1 million was invoiced by the Company to Edgemont and recognized as revenue in the fourth quarter of 2012 and the cash received in February 2013. Additional milestones of up to a further $23.5 million are payable upon achieving certain sales and exclusivity targets and the Company expects to commence receiving royalties from sales of the product in the first quarter of 2013. Upon entering into the licensing agreement, Edgemont paid the Company an upfront fee of $1 million, which the Company recognized as deferred license revenue. The deferred license revenue will be amortized in income over the period where sales of Forfivo XL™ are expected to be exclusive. As a result of this policy, the Company has a deferred revenue balance of $923 thousand at December 31, 2012 that has not been recognized as revenue. F - 9 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont’d) Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The financial statements include estimates based on currently available information and management's judgment as to the outcome of future conditions and circumstances. Significant estimates in these financial statements include the useful lives and impairment of long-lived assets, stock-based compensation costs, the investment tax credits receivable, the determination of the fair value of warrants issued as part of fundraising activities, and the resulting impact on the allocation of the proceeds between the common shares and the warrants. Changes in the status of certain facts or circumstances could result in material changes to the estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements and actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions. Financial Instruments The Company estimates the fair value of its financial instruments based on current interest rates, market value and pricing of financial instruments with comparable terms. Unless otherwise indicated, the carrying value of these financial instruments approximates their fair value. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents is comprised of cash on hand and term deposits with original maturity dates of less than three months that are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. Accounts Receivable The Company accounts for trade receivables at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful receivables based on a review of all outstanding amounts on a quarterly basis. Management determines the allowance for doubtful accounts by regularly evaluating individual customer receivables and considering a customer's financial condition, credit history and current economic conditions. The Company writes off trade receivables when they are deemed uncollectible. In the first quarter of 2011, the Company wrote-off a receivable in the amount of $53 thousand that was owed to the Company by Circ Pharma Limited, Ireland, which was deemed to be no longer collectible. The Company records recoveries of trade receivables previously written-off when they receive them. Management has determined that no allowance for doubtful accounts is necessary in order to adequately cover exposure to loss in its December 31, 2012 accounts receivable (2011 - $Nil). The accounts receivable balance of $1,282 thousand as at December 31, 2012 includes $1 million from Edgemont that was received by IntelGenx in February 2013. F - 10 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Cont’d) Investment Tax Credits Investment tax credits relating to qualifying expenditures are recognized in the accounts at the time at which the related expenditures are incurred and there is reasonable assurance of their realization. Management has made estimates and assumptions in determining the expenditures eligible for investment tax credits claimed. Leasehold Improvements and Equipment Leasehold Improvements and equipment are recorded at cost. Provisions for depreciation are based on their estimated useful lives using the methods as follows: On the declining balance method - Laboratory and office equipment Computer equipment On the straight-line method - Leasehold improvements Manufacturing equipment 20% 30% over the lease term 5 – 10 years Upon retirement or disposal, the cost of the asset disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in income. Expenditures for repair and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Intangible Assets Payments made to third parties subsequent to regulatory approval are capitalized and amortized over the remaining useful life of the related product. Amounts capitalized for such payments are included in other intangibles, net of accumulated amortization. Impairment of Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets held and used by the Company are reviewed for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value thereof. F - 11 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Cont’d) Foreign Currency Translation The Company's reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. The Canadian dollar is the functional currency of the Company's Canadian operations, which is translated to the United States dollar using the current rate method. Under this method, accounts are translated as follows: Assets and liabilities - at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date; Revenue and expenses - at average exchange rates prevailing during the year; Equity - at historical rates. Gains and losses arising from foreign currency translation are included in other comprehensive income. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC 740 "Income Taxes". Deferred taxes are provided on the liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Unrecognized Tax Benefits The Company accounts for unrecognized tax benefits in accordance with FASB ASC 740 “Income Taxes”. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements and provides guidance on de-recognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition issues. ASC 740 contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Additionally, ASC 740 requires the Company to accrue interest and related penalties, if applicable, on all tax positions for which reserves have been established consistent with jurisdictional tax laws. The Company elected to classify interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits in the income tax provision. F - 12 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Cont’d) Share-Based Payments The Company accounts for share-based payments to employees in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC 718 "Compensation— Stock Compensation" and accordingly recognizes in its financial statements share-based payments at their fair value. In addition, the Company will recognize in the financial statements an expense based on the grant date fair value of stock options granted to employees. The expense will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period and the offsetting credit will be recorded in additional paid-in capital. Upon exercise of options, the consideration paid together with the amount previously recorded as additional paid-in capital will be recognized as capital stock. The Company estimates its forfeiture rate in order to determine its compensation expense arising from stock-based awards. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of the options. The Company measures compensation expense for its non-employee stock-based compensation under ASC 505-50, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services". The fair value of the option issued is used to measure the transaction, as this is more reliable than the fair value of the services received. The fair value is measured at the value of the Company’s common stock on the date that the commitment for performance by the counterparty has been reached or the counterparty’s performance is complete. The fair value of the equity instrument is charged directly to compensation expense and additional paid-in capital. For common stock issuances to non-employees that are fully vested and are for future periods, the Company classifies these issuances as prepaid expenses and expenses the prepaid expenses over the service period. At no time has the Company issued common stock for a period that exceeds one year. Loss Per Share Basic loss per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Any antidilutive instruments are excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share. F - 13 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Cont’d) Fair Value Measurements ASC 820 applies to all assets and liabilities that are being measured and reported on a fair value basis. ASC 820 requires new disclosure that establishes a framework for measuring fair value in US GAAP, and expands disclosure about fair value measurements. This statement enables the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to develop those measurements by establishing a hierarchy for ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. The statement requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data. Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data. Level 1: Level 2: Level 3: In determining the appropriate levels, the Company performs a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities that are subject to ASC 820. At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3. There are no assets or liabilities measured at fair value as at December 31, 2012. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The fair value represents management’s best estimates based on a range of methodologies and assumptions. The carrying value of receivables and payables arising in the ordinary course of business and the investment tax credits receivable approximate fair value because of the relatively short period of time between their origination and expected realization. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In December 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-11, “Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities”. The objective of this Update is to provide enhanced disclosures that will enable users of its financial statements to evaluate the effect or potential effect of netting arrangements on an entity’s financial position. This includes the effect or potential effect of rights of setoff associated with an entity’s recognized assets and recognized liabilities within the scope of this Update. The amendments require enhanced disclosures by requiring improved information about financial instruments and derivative instruments that are either (1) offset in accordance with either Section 210-20-45 or Section 815-10-45 or (2) subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset in accordance with either Section 210-20-45 or Section 815-10-45. ASU 2011-11 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. Retrospective disclosure is required for all comparative periods presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this Statement on its consolidated financial statements. F - 14 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Cont’d) In December 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-12, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05”. The amendments in this Update supersede changes to those paragraphs in Update 2011-05 that pertain to how, when, and where reclassification adjustments are presented. The adoption of this amendment is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations, but will affect the presentation of Other Comprehensive Income in the Company’s financial statements. 5. Leasehold Improvements and Equipment In US$ thousands Manufacturing equipment Laboratory and office equipment Computer equipment Leasehold improvements Accumulated Depreciation Cost 2012 Net Carrying Amount 2011 Net Carrying Amount $ $ 225 $ 418 43 63 749 $ 0 $ 265 34 63 362 $ 225 $ 153 9 0 387 $ 0 138 11 0 149 As of December 31, 2012 no depreciation has been recorded on manufacturing equipment as the equipment is not yet being utilized. 6. Intangible Assets As of December 31, 2012 NDA acquisition costs of $116 thousand (December 31, 2011 - $125 thousand) were recorded as intangible assets on the Company’s balance sheet and represent the net book value of the final progress payment related to the acquisition of 100% ownership of Forfivo XL™. The asset will be amortized over its estimated useful life of 39 months and the Company commenced amortization upon commercial launch of the product in October 2012. 7. Deferred License Revenue Deferred license revenue represents upfront payments received for the granting of licenses to the Company’s patents, intellectual property, and proprietary technology, for commercialization. Deferred license revenue is recognized in income over the period where sales of the licensed products will occur. Upon entering into the licensing agreement with Edgemont Pharmaceuticals the Company received an upfront fee of $1 million, which the Company recognized as deferred license revenue. The deferred license revenue will be amortized in income over a period of 39 months, which is the minimum period where sales of Forfivo XL™ are expected to be exclusive. As a result of this policy, the Company has a deferred revenue balance of $923 thousand at December 31, 2012 that has not been recognized as revenue. F - 15 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 8. Commitments The Company currently operates out of a 3,500 square feet leasehold facility consisting of laboratories and office space at 6425 Abrams, Saint-Laurent, Quebec. The original lease agreement expired in August 2009, since when it has been extended for varying periods whilst the Company sought alternative premises. The most recent extension is defined as the day immediately preceding the fulfillment of certain conditions relating to the occupation of new leased premises at 6410-6420 Abrams. In the first half of 2013, the Company plans to enter into an addendum to its existing lease to include the relocation of the Company’s operations to larger premises consisting of approximately 28,600 of rentable square feet. The term of the amended lease is 10 years following relocation, which is expected to commence in the autumn of 2013 upon completion of certain leasehold improvements. As of December 31, 2012 future minimum payments under operating leases for facilities were as follows (in thousands): 2013 2014 Total 15 0 $ 15 On October 1, 2009, the Company signed new agreements with each of Little Gem Life Science Partners and SectorSpeak Inc. for investor relation services in the USA and in Canada, respectively. Under the terms of these agreements, the Company was required to pay $4.5 thousand a month to Little Gem Life Science Partners and CDN$5.0 thousand (US$5.0 thousand) monthly to Sector Speak Inc. The Company renegotiated these agreements in May 2012 and reduced payments to $2.5 thousand and CDN$2.5 thousand (US$2.5 thousand) respectively. The agreements automatically renew unless specifically terminated. On May 7, 2010, the Company executed a Project Transfer Agreement with one of its former development partners whereby the Company acquired full rights to, and ownership of, Forfivo XL™, a novel, high strength formulation of Bupropion hydrochloride, the active ingredient in Wellbutrin XL®. In accordance with the Project Transfer Agreement, and following commercial launch of Forfivo XL™ in October 2012, the Company is required to pay to its former development partner 10% of net sales royalties received under the commercialization agreement that was executed with Edgemont Pharmaceuticals in February 2012. F - 16 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 9. Capital Stock Authorized - 100,000,000 common shares of $0.00001 par value 20,000,000 preferred shares of $0.00001 par value Issued - 49,890,421 (December 31, 2011 - 48,895,028) common shares 2012 2011 $ 499 $ 489 On June 21, 2011, as part of two concurrent private placement offerings, the Company issued approximately 4.8 million shares of common stock, and three-year warrants to purchase up to approximately 2.4 million shares of common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately US$3.2 million. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one half of one common share at an exercise price of $0.74 per common share and expires 36 months after the date of issuance. Proceeds were allocated between the common shares and the warrants based on their relative fair value. The common shares were recorded at a value of $2,024 thousand. (See note 10 for the portion allocated to the warrants). The private placements consisted of a definitive securities purchase agreement with certain accredited and institutional investors for the issuance and sale in a private placement transaction (the "US Private Offering") of 2,582,536 shares and warrants to purchase up to 1,291,268 shares of common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $1.7 million, and a definitive subscription agreement solely with Canadian investors for the issuance and sale in a concurrent non-brokered private placement transaction (the "Canadian Private Offering") of 2,238,806 shares and warrants to purchase up to 1,119,403 shares of common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $1.5 million. The Company paid an agent cash commissions in the amount of approximately $121 thousand, representing 7% of the aggregate gross proceeds received by the Company in the US Private Offering, plus expenses in the amount of approximately $28 thousand, and issued warrants to the agent to purchase 180,778 shares of common stock, representing 7% of the amount of shares sold in the US Private Offering. The Company also paid cash finder's fees in the amount of approximately $105 thousand, representing 7% of the aggregate gross proceeds received by the Company in the Canadian Private Offering; and issued warrants to purchase 156,716 shares of common stock, representing 7% of the amount of shares sold in the Canadian Private Offering. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one half of one common share at an exercise price of $0.74 per common share and expires 36 months after the date of issuance. In addition, the Company paid approximately $114 thousand in cash consideration for other transaction costs, which have been reflected as a reduction of the common shares and the warrants based on their relative fair values. All of the above transaction costs have been reflected as a reduction to the common shares and the warrants based on their relative fair values. F - 17 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 9. Capital Stock (Cont’d) In the year ended December 31, 2012 a total of 50,000 (2011 – 775,000) stock options were exercised for 50,000 (2011 – 775,000) common shares having a par value of $0 thousand (2011 - $Nil) in aggregate, for cash consideration of $28 thousand ($318 thousand), resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of $28 thousand (2011 – $318 thousand). During the year ended December 31, 2012 a total of 219,313 (2011 - 299,406) agents’ warrants were exercised for 219,313 (2011 - 299,406) common shares having a par value of $0 thousand in aggregate, for cash consideration of approximately $104 thousand (2011 - $142 thousand), resulting in an increase in additional paid- in capital of approximately $104 thousand (2011 - $142 thousand). Also in the year ended December 31, 2012 a total of 1,205,668 warrants were exercised, of which 491,382 warrants were exercised for 491,382 common shares having a par value of $0 thousand in aggregate, for cash consideration of approximately $233 thousand, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of approximately $233 thousand, and a total of 714,286 warrants were exercised for 234,698 common shares in cashless exercises, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of $Nil. In the year ended December 31, 2011 a total of 4,366,904 warrants were exercised, of which 2,902,618 warrants were exercised for 2,902,618 common shares having a par value of $0 thousand in aggregate, for cash consideration of approximately $1,458 thousand, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of approximately $1,458 thousand, and a total of 1,464,286 warrants were exercised for 515,391 common shares in cashless exercises, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of $Nil. 10. Additional Paid-In Capital Stock Options In November 2006, the Company adopted the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan ("Plan") for the purpose of issuing both Incentive Options and Nonqualified Options to officers, employees, directors and eligible consultants of the Company. A total of 1,600,749 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under this plan. Options may be granted under the Plan on terms and at prices as determined by the Board of Directors except that the options cannot be granted at less than 100%, of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. Each option will be exercisable after the period or periods specified in the option agreement, but no option may be exercised after the expiration of 10 years from the date of grant. All options granted to individuals other than non- employee directors will have a total vesting period of 24 months from the date of grant, with one quarter of the total options granted vesting and becoming exercisable every six months. Options granted to non-employees may vest and become 100% fully exercisable immediately upon grant. At the Annual General Meeting on September 8, 2008 the shareholders of the Company approved to amend the 2006 Stock Option Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan from 1,600,749 to 2,074,000, or 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares as of July 28, 2008. F - 18 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 10. Additional Paid-In Capital (Cont’d) A modification was made to the 2006 Stock Option Plan. The life of the options was reduced from 10 years to 5 years to comply with the regulations of the Toronto Stock Exchange. Accordingly, because the grant-date fair value of the modified options was less than the fair value of the original options measured immediately before the modification, no incremental share-based compensation expense resulted from the modification. At the Annual General Meeting on June 3, 2010, the Shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2006 Stock Option Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan from 2,074,000 to 3,308,127, or 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares as of April 5, 2010. On May 12, 2011 the Company granted 50,000 stock options to an employee to purchase common shares. The stock options are exercisable at $0.52 per share and vest over 2 years at 25% every six months. The stock options were accounted for at their fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model, of approximately $16 thousand, using the following assumptions: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 115% 3.1 years 0.96% Nil On November 29, 2011 the Company granted 115,000 stock options to two non-employee directors, 40,000 stock options to a director, 50,000 stock options to two officers, and 35,000 stock options to two employees, to purchase common shares. The stock options are exercisable at $0.54 per share and vest over 2 years at 25% every six months. The stock options were accounted for at their fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model, of approximately $74 thousand, using the following assumptions: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 101% 3.1 years 0.40% Nil On June 13, 2012 the Company granted 40,000 stock options to two employees to purchase common shares. The stock options are exercisable at $0.51 per share and vest over 2 years at 25% every six months. The stock options were accounted for at their fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model, of approximately $10 thousand, using the following assumptions: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 83% 3.1 years 0.40% Nil F - 19 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 10. Additional Paid-In Capital (Cont’d) On August 8, 2012 the Company granted 50,000 stock options to a consultant to purchase common shares. The stock options are exercisable at $0.55 per share and vest over 1 year at 25% every three months. The stock options were accounted for at their fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model, of approximately $12 thousand, using the following assumptions: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 81% 1.8 years 0.38% Nil On December 4, 2012 the Company granted 30,000 stock options to an employee who is also a director and 25,000 stock options to an officer to purchase common shares. The stock options are exercisable at $0.60 per share and vest over 2 years at 25% every six months. The stock options were accounted for at their fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model, of approximately $15 thousand, using the following assumptions: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 78% 3.1 years 0.34% Nil On December 12, 2012 the Company granted 50,000 stock options to a consultant to purchase common shares. The stock options are exercisable at $0.62 per share and vest over 1 year at 25% every three months. The stock options were accounted for at their fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model, of approximately $10 thousand, using the following assumptions: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 70% 1.8 years 0.25% Nil During the year ended December 31, 2012 a total of 50,000 (2011 – 775,000) stock options were exercised for 50,000 (2011 – 775,000) common shares having a par value of $0 thousand (2011 - $Nil) in aggregate, for cash consideration of $28 thousand ($318 thousand), resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of $28 thousand (2011 – $318 thousand). The intrinsic value of the stock options exercised, as at the date of exercise, totaled $4 thousand. F - 20 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 10. Additional Paid-In Capital (Cont’d) Information with respect to stock option activity for 2011 and 2012 is as follows: Outstanding – January 1, 2011 Granted Forfeited Expired Exercised Outstanding – December 31, 2011 Granted Forfeited Expired Exercised Outstanding – December 31, 2012 F - 21 Number of options 1,698,088 290,000 (150,000 ) (65,000 ) (775,000 ) 998,088 195,000 (45,000 ) (32,500 ) (50,000 ) 1,065,588 Weighted average exercise price $ 0.53 0.54 (0.76 ) (0.59 ) (0.41 ) 0.59 0.57 (0.49 ) (1.15 ) (0.55 ) 0.58 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 10. Additional Paid-In Capital (Cont’d) Details of stock options outstanding as at December 31, 2012 are as follows: Outstanding options Exercisable options Exercise prices Number of options $ 0.31 0.37 0.45-0.47 0.51 0.52-0.54 0.55 0.60 0.61 0.62 0.85 25,000 75,000 175,000 40,000 270,000 50,000 55,000 125,000 50,000 200,588 1,065,588 Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) 1.25 2.67 1.42 4.50 3.89 2.67 5.00 1.51 3.00 0.63 2.60 Weighted average Aggregate Weighted average Aggregate exercise price intrinsic value Number of options exercise price intrinsic value $ 0.31 0.37 0.46 0.51 0.54 0.55 0.60 0.61 0.62 0.85 0.58 $ 114,050 25,000 75,000 175,000 0 147,500 12,500 0 125,000 0 200,588 760,588 $ 0.31 0.37 0.46 0.00 0.54 0.55 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.85 0.59 $ 86,725 Stock-based compensation expense recognized in 2012 in regards to the stock options was $59 thousand (2011 - $51 thousand). As of December 31, 2012, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options was $72 thousand (2011 - $92 thousand), of which $17 thousand (2011 $Nil) relates to options granted to consultants. The amount of $72 thousand will be recognized as an expense over a period of two years. A change in control of the Company due to acquisition would cause the vesting of the stock options granted to employees and directors to accelerate and would result in $55 thousand being charged to stock based compensation expense. Warrants On June 21, 2011 the Company issued approximately 4.8 million stock purchase warrants exercisable into approximately 2.4 million common shares at $0.74 per share which expire on June 21, 2014. The stock purchase warrants were issued in connection with the June 21, 2011 private placements described in note 9. The stock purchase warrants were valued at $817 thousand based on their relative fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model using the assumptions below: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 117% 3 years 0.69% Nil F - 22 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 10. Additional Paid-In Capital (Cont’d) On June 21, 2011 the Company issued approximately 0.3 million agents’ stock purchase warrants exercisable into approximately 0.3 million common shares at $0.74 per share which expire on June 21, 2014. The stock purchase warrants were issued in connection with the June 21, 2011 private placements described in note 9. The stock purchase warrants were valued at $153 thousand based on their relative fair value, as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model using the assumptions below: Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield 117% 3 years 0.69% Nil During the year ended December 31, 2012 a total of 219,313 (2011 - 299,406) agents’ warrants were exercised for 219,313 (2011 - 299,406) common shares having a par value of $0 thousand in aggregate, for cash consideration of approximately $104 thousand (2011 - $142 thousand), resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of approximately $104 thousand (2011 - $142 thousand). Also in the year ended December 31, 2012 a total of 1,205,668 warrants were exercised, of which 491,382 warrants were exercised for 491,382 common shares having a par value of $0 thousand in aggregate, for cash consideration of approximately $233 thousand, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of approximately $233 thousand, and a total of 714,286 warrants were exercised for 234,698 common shares in cashless exercises, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of $Nil. In the year ended December 31, 2011 a total of 4,366,904 warrants were exercised, of which 2,902,618 warrants were exercised for 2,902,618 common shares having a par value of $0 thousand in aggregate, for cash consideration of approximately $1,458 thousand, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of approximately $1,458 thousand, and a total of 1,464,286 warrants were exercised for 515,391 common shares in cashless exercises, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of $Nil. F - 23 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 10. Additional Paid-In Capital (Cont’d) Information with respect to warrant activity for 2011 and 2012 is as follows: Outstanding – January 1, 2011 Attached to private placements Agents’ warrants exercised Exercised Outstanding - December 31, 2011 Agents’ warrants exercised Exercised Expired Outstanding - December 31, 2012 F - 24 Number of warrants (All Exercisable) 21,291,223 2,748,165 (299,406 ) (4,366,904 ) 19,373,078 (219,313 ) (1,205,668 ) (11,843,932 ) 6,104,165 Weighted average exercise price $ 0.66 0.74 (0.47 ) (0.51 ) 0.71 (0.47 ) (0.48 ) (0.80 ) 0.59 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 11. Income Taxes Income taxes reported differ from the amount computed by applying the statutory rates to losses. The reasons are as follows: Statutory income taxes Net operating losses for which no tax benefits have been recorded Excess of depreciation over capital cost allowance Non-deductible expenses Undeducted research and development expenses Tax deductible portion of transaction costs Investment tax credit Modification of warrants terms $ 2012 (605 ) $ 368 3 18 273 - (57 ) - 2011 (694 ) 514 (2 ) 4 231 - (53 ) - $ - $ - The major components of the deferred tax assets classified by the source of temporary differences are as follows: Leasehold Improvements and equipment Net operating losses carryforward Undeducted research and development expenses Non-refundable tax credits carryforward Valuation allowance 2012 $ 13 $ 2,278 1,301 914 4,506 (4,506 ) $ - $ 2011 14 2,140 1,141 807 4,102 (4,102 ) - The valuation allowance at December 31, 2011 was $4,102 thousand. The net change in the valuation allowance during the period ended December 31, 2012, was an increase of $404 thousand. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on consideration of these items, management has determined that enough uncertainty exists relative to the realization of the deferred income tax asset balances to warrant the application of a full valuation allowance as of December 31, 2012. F - 25 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 11. Income Taxes (Cont’d) There were Canadian and provincial net operating losses of approximately $8,390 thousand (2011 - $7,608 thousand) and $8,566 thousand (2011 - $7,437 thousand) respectively, that may be applied against earnings of future years. Utilization of the net operating losses is subject to significant limitations imposed by the change in control provisions. Canadian and provincial losses will be expiring between 2027 and 2032. A portion of the net operating losses may expire before they can be utilized. As at December 31, 2012, the Company had non-refundable tax credits of $914 thousand (2011 - $803 thousand) of which $24 thousand is expiring in 2017, $213 thousand is expiring in 2018, $193 thousand is expiring in 2019, $186 thousand is expiring in 2020, $187 thousand is expiring in 2021 and $111 thousand is expiring in 2022 and undeducted research and development expenses of $4,464 thousand (2011 - $3,656 thousand) with no expiration date. The deferred tax benefit of these items was not recognized in the accounts as it has been fully provided for. Unrecognized Tax Benefits The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly over the next twelve months. Tax Years and Examination The Company files tax returns in each jurisdiction in which it is registered to do business. For each jurisdiction a statute of limitations period exists. After a statute of limitations period expires, the respective tax authorities may no longer assess additional income tax for the expired period. Similarly, the Company is no longer eligible to file claims for refund for any tax that it may have overpaid. The following table summarizes the Company’s major tax jurisdictions and the tax years that remain subject to examination by these jurisdictions as of December 31, 2012: Tax Jurisdictions Federal - Canada Provincial - Quebec Tax Years 2010 and onward 2010 and onward F - 26 IntelGenx Technologies Corp. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012 and 2011 (Expressed in U.S. Funds) 12. Statement of Cash Flows Information In US$ thousands Additional Cash Flow Information: Interest paid 13. Related Party Transactions 2012 2011 $ 3 $ 3 Included in management salaries are $6 thousand (2011 - $4 thousand) for options granted to the Chief Financial Officer and $6 thousand (2011 - $4 thousand) for options granted to the Chief Executive Officer under the 2006 Stock Option Plan and $23 thousand (2011 - $10 thousand) for options granted to non-employee directors. Included in general and administrative expenses are director fees of $114 thousand (2011 - $87 thousand) for attendance at board meetings and audit committee meetings. A short term loan of $85 thousand bearing interest at 1% per annum was provided to an employee, who is also an officer of the Company, on November 9, 2011. The loan amount, together with interest accrued, was repaid to the Company on February 28, 2012. In the year ended December 31, 2012 the amount included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities payable to shareholders, who are also officers of the Company, is $Nil (2011 - $1 thousand). The above related party transactions have been measured at the exchange amount which is the amount of the consideration established and agreed upon by the related parties. 14. Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share Basic and diluted loss per common share is calculated based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The warrants and stock options have been excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share since they are anti-dilutive. 15. Subsequent Events Subsequent top the year ended December 31, 2012, 362,500 warrants were exercised for 362,500 common shares having a par value of $0 thousand for cash consideration of approximately $172 thousand, resulting in an increase in additional paid-in capital of approximately $172 thousand. F - 27 Exhibit 23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. of our report dated March 15, 2013 relating to our audits of the financial statements of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. as of and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2012. Montreal, Canada March 15, 2013 1 CPA auditor, CA, public accountancy permit No. A110982 Exhibit 31.1 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 The undersigned hereby certifies that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2012; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d – 15f) for the registrant and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. March 18, 2013 By: /s/ Horst G. Zerbe Horst G. Zerbe President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 The undersigned hereby certifies that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2012; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d – 15f) for the registrant and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s certifying other officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. March 18, 2013 By: /s/ Paul A. Simmons Paul A. Simmons Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 32.1 In connection with the Annual Report of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Horst Zerbe, Principal Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company. March 18, 2013 By: /s/ Horst G. Zerbe Horst G. Zerbe President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 32.2 In connection with the Annual Report of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Paul A. Simmons, Principal Financial and Accounting Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company. March 18, 2013 By: /s/ Paul A. Simmons Paul A. Simmons Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 

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