Iridium Communications Inc.
2014 Annual Report
Iridium
NEXT
R E L I A B L E • C R I T I C A L • L I F E L I N E S ®
Company Profile
The world’s only truly global mobile satellite communications company
Iridium Communications Inc. owns the only mobile voice and data satellite communications network that spans the
entire globe. A technology innovator and market leader, Iridium enables connections between people, organizations
and assets to and from anywhere, in real time.
Iridium’s 66 low-Earth orbiting (LEO) cross-linked satellites – the world's largest commercial constellation –
operate as a fully meshed network. The company has a major development program underway for its next-generation
network – Iridium NEXT.
Reaching over oceans, through airways and across the polar regions, Iridium® solutions are ideally suited for
industries such as maritime, aviation, emergency services, mining, forestry, oil and gas, heavy equipment,
transportation and utilities. Iridium also provides service to subscribers from the U.S. Department of Defense,
as well as other civil and government agencies around the world.
Together with its ecosystem of partner companies, Iridium delivers an innovative and rich portfolio of reliable
solutions for markets that require truly global communications.
Who is Iridium?
2014 Operating Highlights
• We compete in attractive and growing markets with favorable
competitive dynamics and high barriers to entry.
• Generated 2014 Net Income of $75 million, a 20%
year-over-year increase. Delivered Operational
• We operate the world’s furthest reaching telecommunications
network with 100% global coverage. Our unique network
architecture provides a sustainable competitive advantage.
We have a comprehensive business plan for our next-generation
satellite constellation, Iridium NEXT, which we expect to begin
deploying in 2015.
• We benefit from a large, low-cost and extensive ecosystem
of partners and a robust product portfolio.
• We benefit from a large, highly profitable recurring service
revenue base, which along with the significant operating
EBITDA (OEBITDA)* of $217 million, resulting in
a five-year compound annual growth rate of 8%.
• Surpassed 739,000 worldwide subscribers, a
five-year compound annual growth rate of 15%.
• M2M data subscribers have grown at a 31%
compound annual growth rate since 2010, and
now represent 47% of our total customer base.
• Aireon LLC, our global aviation monitoring joint
venture, reached critical mass with $270 million in
committed investment from four air traffic control
leverage created by a largely fixed-cost infrastructure,
agencies and five customer data services contracts
has us poised to transform our cash flow profile in 2018.
since the beginning of 2013.
• Reached total investment of approximately $1.7 billion
in the ongoing development of Iridium NEXT.
Iridium
NEXT
R E L I A B L E • C R I T I C A L • L I F E L I N E S ®
Financial Highlights
(in millions, except for subscriber data) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Iridium Communications Inc.
Revenue $348.2 $384.3 $383.5 $382.6 $408.6
Service $236.4 $262.3 $273.5 $292.1 $309.4
Subscriber Equipment $090.2 $094.7 $093.9 $073.3 $078.2
Engineering and Support Service $021.6 $027.3 $016.2 $017.3 $021.0
Net Income $019.9 $041.0 $064.6 $062.5 $075.0
Operational EBITDA (OEBITDA)* $158.9 $190.4 $205.8 $201.1 $216.5
Subscribers 427,000 523,000 611,000 664,000 739,000
Capital Expenditures $237.5 $359.4 $441.7 $403.5 $441.1
Net Debt $037.4 $253.8 $443.1 $695.2 $733.0
Commercial
Service Revenue $177.4 $198.0 $211.7 $232.9 $243.9
Voice and Data $155.6 $167.5 $171.0 $184.0 $185.4
M2M Data $021.8 $030.5 $040.8 $048.9 $058.4
Subscribers 384,000 475,000 560,000 613,000 679,000
Voice and Data 272,000 307,000 332,000 340,000 354,000
M2M Data 112,000 168,000 228,000 273,000 325,000
Government
Service Revenue $059.0 $064.3 $061.8 $059.2 $065.5
Voice and Data $057.5 $062.0 $058.9 0NMF 0NMF
M2M Data $001.5 $002.3 $002.9 0NMF 0NMF
Subscribers 43,000 48,000 51,000 51,000 60,000
Voice and Data 36,000 37,000 36,000 31,000 35,000
M2M Data 7,000 11,000 15,000 20,000 25,000
* See inside back cover and Investor Relations webpage at www.iridium.com for a discussion and reconciliation of this and other non-GAAP financial measures.
Robust Subscriber Growth
subscribers in thousands
Revenue Quality
dollars in millions
Significant Operating Leverage
dollars in millions
2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 4 S u b s c r i b e r G r o w t h C A G R :
1 5 %
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 4 S e r v i c e R e v e n u e C A G R :
7 %
76%
68%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
250
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
■ Commercial Voice and Data ■ Commercial M2M Data
■ Government Voice and Data ■ Government M2M Data
■ Service ■ Subscriber Equipment
■ Engineering and Support Service
2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 4 O E B I T D A C A G R :
8 %
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
■ OEBITDA* OEBITDA Margin*
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Dear Fellow Shareholders:
It’s been a busy and interesting year for the industry
As Iridium’s CEO for more than half of its existence, I can reflect on
the last twelve months as one of the busiest and most interesting
for our space. A number of ventures were announced by some of the
biggest names in the technology space that would potentially bring
inexpensive broadband access to consumers in remote areas. While
these developments result in more attention for our sector, the basic
fundamentals have not changed. This is a challenging business with
significant capital, regulatory and technical hurdles. You need lots
of money, spectrum and significant expertise to build and operate
a leading satellite network. You also need time, as these programs
often take many years to complete.
Matthew J. Desch
Chief Executive Officer
Perhaps satellite communications is becoming more mainstream, and that’s a good thing. For our part, the
blueprint for success is the same. We compete in attractive and growing markets with favorable competitive
dynamics. Our satellite constellation is performing at a very high level and our unique network architecture
provides a sustainable competitive advantage. We benefit from a large and low cost ecosystem of partners.
We have a large, highly profitable recurring service revenue base that’s anchored by a robust product
portfolio. We expect our operating margins will continue to expand and we’ll grow cash flow due to the
operating leverage created by a largely fixed-cost infrastructure. This proven formula should create
significant long-term value for all of our stakeholders.
“This proven formula should
create significant long-term value
for all of our stakeholders.”
2014 was a rewarding year, bringing us one step closer to transformational change in 2018
In 2014, we accomplished our most important strategic objectives and exceeded our financial targets.
We grew service revenue 6%, expanded Operational EBITDA 8% to more than $216 million and now have
nearly 740,000 customers. When I consider the strength of our service revenue profile, it’s pretty clear that
we have many “oars in the water”. It all starts with our largest customer, the U.S. Department of Defense,
whose $400 million, five-year, fixed-price contract generates a $22 million increase to service revenue over
the next three years. This important customer hit a record subscriber level during the year, and there
continues to be significant business development activity underway. They are investing in a global tactical
2014 Annual Repor t 3
R E L I A B L E • C R I T I C A L • L I F E L I N E S ®
radio system, deploying a wide variety of innovative machine-to-machine (M2M) applications and are
actively engaged with us to develop a new, secure handset based on the Iridium Extreme® platform.
This all bodes well for future contract renewals and continued growth.
Our Aireon joint venture is also an important “oar” as it develops the world’s first global aircraft
surveillance system. With four partners that have already invested nearly $200 million and five major
customers to date, we’re encouraged that it will become the worldwide standard. Interest continues to
build around the globe for the service. In February, Aireon announced collaborative agreements with
Singapore’s Civil Aviation Authority and ASECNA, which controls significant parts of the airspace over
Africa, to explore tracking and controlling aircraft within their respective areas of responsibility. These deals
lay the groundwork for future data services contracts and represent just some of the many prospective
customers Aireon is working. Aireon is looking increasingly likely to be adopted by the U.S. too. In fact, the
FAA’s proposed fiscal 2016 budget outlines its need to invest ahead of Iridium NEXT’s completion so they
can coordinate requirements, engage in pre-operational validation of space-based ADS-B, and ultimately
perform service acceptance testing for the potential future procurement of this capability. While Aireon
is our primary hosted payload on Iridium NEXT, we’ve also successfully partnered with Harris Corporation
“When I consider the strength of our
service revenue profile, it’s pretty clear
that we have many oars in the water.”
to manage the remaining payload space. Taken together, we forecast over $600 million in value from our
hosted payload business, without even considering the worth of Iridium’s retained minority ownership
interest in Aireon. When evaluating the contribution to our service revenue profile, these opportunities
yield about $40 million in 2018.
In executing on these two strategic objectives alone, we see $62 million of recurring service revenue
growth even before we contemplate expansion in our commercial markets. Given our superior coverage
and product portfolio, the M2M business remains a key growth pillar. Whether you’re using the Iridium®
network to track personnel, manage fisheries for regulatory compliance or monitor engine diagnostics for
a multi-million dollar mining truck, we are the best choice. We continue to steadily penetrate the lucrative
heavy-equipment OEM segment too, where we’ve added three big, brand-name customers in the last two
years. With a large addressable market that is expected to grow to many billions of connected devices in
the next decade, we’re well positioned to capture gains in the satellite part of what is becoming known as
the “Internet of Things”.
Iridium Co mmunications Inc. 4
Space X continues to
do outstanding work as
our primary launch
services provider.
Iridium NEXT is on
budget and on track
for full deployment
in 2017.
We’ve qualified all major hardware
components for Iridium NEXT,
including the Main Mission Antenna.
A number of key flight components
are being produced at a rapid rate
including the Aireon payload, onboard
processors and spacecraft buses.
2014 Annual Repor t 5
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We’re back on solid ground in the maritime business, as Iridium OpenPort® posted 12% growth for the
full-year 2014. With an improved product and an attractive competitive landscape, we’re again growing
market share in the value segment of this sector. Restoring confidence in this product was one of our top
priorities in 2014 and we accomplished that mission. Our anticipated 2016 certification for maritime safety
services, or GMDSS, represents a new source of growth in the space. This initiative not only expands our
addressable market to all of the 60,000 vessels that are required to have this solution, but also enhances
our relevance for both safety and operational communications. Many of these same attributes are also
at play in the aviation market. We’re being line-fit for new commercial aircraft to provide mission-critical
communications to the cockpit, while also penetrating the rotorcraft segment to deliver service in some of
the toughest environments imaginable. Overall, we had our strongest year in the aviation sector since 2008.
Our handset business has a leading and defensible position, despite a slower finish to 2014 on largely
macroeconomic factors. A strong U.S. dollar impacts equipment sales in the short-term, but as with our
other commercial markets, true global coverage and leading products will sustain our established customer
base and should return us to low single-digit growth. New products should also boost our service revenue
“Importantly, we’ve stayed on budget for the
Iridium NEXT program, and we’re still tracking to
have the new network complete in 2017.”
in the coming years, as we’ve now shipped over 7,000 Iridium GO!® units. As the industry’s first portable
satellite hotspot, it allows us to ride the global trend towards smartphones and tablets, and the higher data
usage they can bring. We’re also pleased with the early uptake of our new commercial push-to-talk service.
No other satellite service provider can deliver such a powerful solution for workgroups, and we’re seeing
early demand for this solution from remote work teams, first responders and government agencies.
What I am most excited about as a new growth engine is Iridium CertusSM broadband. We’ve just
announced a group of world-class manufacturing partners that are now developing faster user terminals
for the aviation, maritime and land sectors to take advantage of Iridium NEXT’s enhanced capabilities.
These companies, Cobham SATCOM, Rockwell Collins, L-3, ICG and Thales, are some of the best in their
particular industries. We’re licensing them our core technology, and they are investing in a line of new
products that should be ready starting in late 2016. This opportunity represents a new addressable market
of several hundred thousand customers and potential incremental revenue of more than $100 million for
Iridium by 2020, supporting our continued growth in the satellite broadband area.
Iridium Co mmunications Inc. 6
We continue to grow our partnership
with the Department of Defense as
a mission-critical communications
provider.
Providing reliable, global connectivity for
the Internet of Things.
Aireon is built around the billions in fuel
savings and operational efficiencies that it
is expected to deliver for the world’s airlines.
Iridium GO!® – Revolutionizing personal
communications around the globe,
one smartphone or tablet at a time.
All of our ground infrastructure upgrades are complete
and ready for Iridium NEXT.
2014 Annual Repor t 7
R E L I A B L E • C R I T I C A L • L I F E L I N E S ®
Iridium NEXT is almost here!
After many years of dedicated hard work by the entire Iridium NEXT Mission Team, and what many thought
in the early days was an impossible task, Iridium NEXT is almost here! The ground infrastructure upgrades
are complete and our Satellite Network Operations Center is ready. Five satellites are under various stages
of construction at the Orbital Sciences factory. All major hardware components have been qualified and the
platform software is being tested. We’re putting the new satellites through rigorous flight-readiness testing
and ensuring they are compatible with our existing constellation. A number of key flight components have
also been manufactured in quantity to prepare for high-rate production including the Aireon payload,
onboard processor, spacecraft bus and main mission antenna. As for getting our satellites into orbit, SpaceX,
our primary launch services provider, continues to perform at a very high level. As I write this letter, they are
16 for 16 with their Falcon 9 platform dating back to 2010, and they are really picking up the pace against
a busy launch manifest. Importantly, we’ve stayed on budget for the Iridium NEXT program, and we’re still
tracking to have the new network complete in 2017.
“Our view to 2018 and beyond remains solid.”
Our vision is solidly intact
Our view to 2018 and beyond remains solid. It’s really quite simple when you break it down – we expect
that much lower capital expenditures after our Iridium NEXT program is complete in 2017 combined with
materially higher Operational EBITDA will dramatically alter our free cash profile and create significant
long-term value for our stakeholders. Our network is strong and unique, our service revenue profile is
diverse and we’re tapping into a host of new growth opportunities across our core markets. I thank my
colleagues at Iridium for their loyalty, dedication and hard work this past year, and am grateful for the
continued support of our shareholders and partners. 2015 will be an exciting year as we begin to launch
new satellites, and I can’t wait to see the full potential of Iridium.
Matthew J. Desch
Chief Executive Officer
April 2015
Iridium Communications Inc. 8
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
È ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014
OR
‘ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
to
Commission File Number 001-33963
Iridium Communications Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
26-1344998
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
1750 Tysons Boulevard, Suite 1400, McLean, Virginia 22102
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
703-287-7400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
6.75% Series B Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock,
$0.0001 par value
Warrants, exercisable for Common Stock at an exercise price of
$11.50 per share
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
NASDAQ Global Select Market
NASDAQ Global Select Market
NASDAQ Global Select Market
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ‘ No È
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ‘ No È
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes È No ‘
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File
required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such
shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes È No ‘
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein,
and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of
this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. È
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ‘
Non-accelerated filer ‘ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ‘ No È
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the
common equity was last sold as of June 30, 2014 was approximately $673.6 million.
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding as of February 23, 2015 was 93,978,398.
È
Accelerated filer
Smaller Reporting Company ‘
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2015 annual meeting of stockholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A with the
Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year end of December 31, 2014, are incorporated by
reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
Year Ended December 31, 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
Item 1.
Business
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 8.
Item 9.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
Item 9B.
Other Information
PART III
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
PART IV
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions, and Director Independence
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
SIGNATURES
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20
36
36
37
37
37
39
39
58
59
88
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91
91
91
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92
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. For this
purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements.
Such forward-looking statements include those that express plans, anticipation, intent, contingencies, goals, targets or future
developments or otherwise are not statements of historical fact. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believes,” “anticipates,”
“plans,” “expects,” “intends” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking
statements are based on our current expectations and projections about future events, and they are subject to risks and uncertainties,
known and unknown, that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such
statements. The important factors discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K could cause actual results to differ
materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made herein. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise
any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Item 1. Business
Corporate Background
PART I
We were formed as GHL Acquisition Corp., a special purpose acquisition company, in November 2007, for the purpose of effecting a
merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or other similar business combination. On
February 21, 2008, we consummated our initial public offering. On September 29, 2009, we acquired, directly and indirectly, all the
outstanding equity of Iridium Holdings LLC, or Iridium Holdings, and changed our name from GHL Acquisition Corp. to Iridium
Communications Inc.
Iridium Holdings was formed under the laws of Delaware in 2000, and on December 11, 2000, Iridium Holdings, through its wholly
owned subsidiary Iridium Satellite LLC, or Iridium Satellite, acquired certain satellite assets from Iridium LLC, a non-affiliated
debtor in possession, pursuant to an asset purchase agreement.
Business Overview
We are the second largest provider by revenue of mobile voice and data communications services via satellite, and the only
commercial provider of communications services offering true global coverage. Our satellite network provides communications
services to regions of the world where existing wireless or wireline networks do not exist or are limited, including remote land areas,
open ocean, airways, the polar regions and regions where the telecommunications infrastructure has been affected by political
conflicts or natural disasters.
We provide voice and data communications services to businesses, the U.S. and foreign governments, non-governmental
organizations and consumers via our satellite network, which has an architecture of 66 in-orbit satellites with in-orbit spares and
related ground infrastructure. We utilize an interlinked mesh architecture to route traffic across our satellite constellation using radio
frequency crosslinks between satellites. This unique architecture minimizes the need for local ground facilities to support the
constellation, which facilitates the global reach of our services and allows us to offer services in countries and regions where we have
no physical presence.
Our commercial business, which we view as our primary source of growth, is diverse and includes markets such as emergency
services, maritime, aviation, government, utilities, oil and gas, mining, recreation, forestry, heavy equipment, construction and
transportation. Many of our end users view our products and services as critical to their daily operations and integral to their
communications and business infrastructure. For example, multinational corporations in various sectors use our services for business
telephony, e-mail and data transfer, including telematics, and to provide mobile communications services for employees in areas
inadequately served by other telecommunications networks. Ship crews and passengers use our services for ship-to-shore calling as
well as to send and receive e-mail and data files, and to receive electronic media, weather reports, emergency bulletins and electronic
charts. Shipping operators use our services to manage operations on board ships and to transmit data, such as course, speed and fuel
stock. Aviation end users use our services for air-to-ground telephony and data communications for position reporting, emergency
tracking, weather information, electronic flight bag updates and fleet information. Commercial enterprises use our services to track
assets in remote areas and provide telematics information such as location and engine diagnostics.
The U.S. government, directly and indirectly, has been and continues to be our largest single customer, generating $84.5 million in
service and engineering and support service revenue, or 21% of our total revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2014. This does
not include revenue from the sale of equipment that may be ultimately purchased by U.S. or non-U.S. government agencies through
third-party distributors, or airtime services purchased by U.S. or non-U.S. government agencies that are provided through our
commercial gateway, as we lack visibility into these activities and the related revenue. We have a multi-year, fixed-price contract with
the U.S. government to provide satellite airtime services for an unlimited number of U.S. Department of Defense, or DoD, and other
federal government subscribers, with a total contract value of $400 million over its five-year term through October 2018.
1
The DoD owns and operates a dedicated gateway in Hawaii that is only compatible with our satellite network. The U.S. armed
services, State Department, Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, or FEMA, Customs and
Border Protection, and other U.S. government agencies, as well as other nations’ governmental agencies, use our voice and data
services for a wide variety of applications. Our voice and data products are used for numerous primary and backup communications
solutions, including logistical, administrative, morale and welfare, tactical, and emergency communications. In addition, our products
are installed in ground vehicles, ships, rotary and fixed-wing aircraft and are used for command-and-control and situational awareness
purposes. Our satellite network provides increased network security to the DoD because traffic is routed across our satellite
constellation before being brought down to earth through the dedicated, secure DoD gateway, thus providing additional levels of
protection. Since our network was launched in the 1990s, the DoD has made significant investments to build and upgrade its dedicated
gateway and to purchase our voice and data devices, all of which are only compatible with our satellite network. In addition, the DoD
continues to invest directly and indirectly in additional services on our network such as Distributed Tactical Communications
Services, which we refer to as Netted Iridium®.
We sell our products and services to commercial end users primarily through a wholesale distribution network, encompassing more
than 70 service providers, more than 190 value-added resellers, or VARs, and more than 40 value-added manufacturers, or VAMs,
which create and sell technology that uses the Iridium® network either directly to the end user or indirectly through other service
providers, VARs or dealers. These distributors often integrate our products and services with other complementary hardware and
software and have developed a broad suite of applications using our products and services to target specific lines of business. We
expect that demand for our services will increase as more applications are developed and deployed that utilize our technology.
At December 31, 2014, we had approximately 739,000 billable subscribers worldwide, representing an 11% increase compared to
December 31, 2013. Total revenue increased from $382.6 million in 2013 to $408.6 million in 2014.
In the second half of 2015, we expect to begin launching our new satellite constellation, Iridium NEXT. Iridium NEXT will maintain
the architecture of our current constellation, with 66 in-orbit satellites, as well as six in-orbit spares, and we are building nine ground
spares. We have contracted with Thales Alenia Space France, or Thales, to construct the Iridium NEXT satellites, which are designed
to be compatible with our current constellation and current end-user equipment, so that as the Iridium NEXT satellites are launched,
they will replace satellites in the current constellation without affecting the service to our end users. We plan to deploy the first two
satellites on a Dnepr rocket launched by International Space Company Kosmotras, or Kosmotras, with the remaining 70 satellites to
be deployed on seven Falcon 9 rockets launched by Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, or SpaceX. We expect to complete
the deployment of the Iridium NEXT constellation in 2017. We estimate the costs associated with the design, build and launch of
Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure upgrades through 2017 to be approximately $3 billion. Our funding plan for these
costs includes the substantial majority of the funds available under our $1.8 billion credit facility, or the Credit Facility, together with
cash on hand and internally generated cash flows, including potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME SM ; we
anticipate that Harris will also pay us data service fees on behalf of these customers.
The Iridium NEXT constellation will also host the AireonSM system to provide a global air traffic surveillance service through a series
of automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast, or ADS-B, receivers on the Iridium NEXT satellites. Aireon LLC, our joint venture
with the air navigation service providers, or ANSPs, of Canada, Italy, Denmark and Ireland, has contracted to provide the Aireon
service to our co-investors in Aireon and NATS (En Route) PLC, the ANSP of the United Kingdom. Aireon also plans to offer the
service to other ANSPs worldwide including the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, or FAA. Aireon will pay us a fee to host the
ADS-B receivers on Iridium NEXT, as well as data services fees for the delivery of the air traffic surveillance data over the Iridium
NEXT system. In addition, we have entered into an agreement with Harris Corporation, the manufacturer of the Aireon hosted
payload, pursuant to which Harris pays us fees to allocate the remaining hosted payload capacity to its customers.
Industry
We compete in the mobile satellite services sector of the global communications industry. Mobile satellite services operators provide
voice and data services to people and machines using a network of satellites and ground facilities. Mobile satellite services are
intended to meet users’ needs for connectivity in all locations where existing terrestrial wireline and wireless communications
networks do not exist, do not provide sufficient coverage, or are impaired. Further, many regions of the world benefit from satellite
networks, such as rural and developing areas that lack adequate wireless or wireline networks, airways, ocean and polar regions where
few alternatives exist, and regions where the telecommunications infrastructure has been affected by political conflicts or natural
disasters.
Government organizations, including military and intelligence agencies and disaster response agencies, non-governmental
organizations and industrial operations and support teams depend on mobile and fixed voice and data satellite communications
services on a regular basis. Businesses with global operations require reliable communications services when operating in remote
locations around the world. Mobile satellite services users span many sectors, including emergency services, maritime, aviation,
government, utilities, oil and gas, mining, recreation, forestry, heavy equipment, construction, and transportation, among others. Many
of our customers view satellite communications services as critical to their daily operations.
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We believe that increasing mobile penetration will provide a significant market opportunity for the mobile satellite services industry.
According to a 2014 report produced by A.T. Kearney for the GSM Association, total mobile connections reached 6.9 billion
throughout the world as of the end of 2013. We believe that growth in the terrestrial wireless industry has increased awareness of the
need for reliable mobile voice and data communications services. In addition, despite significant penetration and competition,
terrestrial wireless systems only serve a small fraction of the earth’s surface and are focused mainly in those areas where people live,
excluding oceans and other remote regions where ships, airplanes and other remote assets may be located or in transit. By offering
mobile communications services with global voice and data coverage, mobile satellite service providers address the demand from
businesses, governments and individuals for connectivity and reliability in locations not consistently served by wireline and wireless
terrestrial networks.
The mobile satellite services industry also benefits from the continued development of innovative, lower-cost technology and
applications integrating mobile satellite products and services. We believe that growth in demand for mobile satellite services is
driven in large part by the declining cost of these services, the diminishing size and lower costs of voice, data and machine-to-
machine, or M2M, devices, the rollout of new applications tailored to the specific needs of customers across a variety of markets, and
a more favorable regulatory environment in international markets.
Communications industry sectors include:
• mobile satellite services, which provide customers with voice and data connectivity to mobile and fixed devices using
ground facilities and networks of geostationary, or GEO, satellites, which are located approximately 22,300 miles above
the equator, medium earth orbit satellites, which orbit between approximately 6,400 and 10,000 miles above the earth’s
surface, or low earth orbit, or LEO, satellites, such as those in our constellation, which orbit between approximately 300
and 1,000 miles above the earth’s surface;
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fixed satellite services, which use GEO satellites to provide customers with broadband communications links between
fixed points on the earth’s surface; and
terrestrial services, which use a network of land-based equipment, including switching centers and radio base stations, to
provide wireless or wireline connectivity and are complementary to satellite services.
Within the major satellite sectors, fixed satellite services and mobile satellite services operators differ significantly from each other
with respect to size of antenna and types of services offered. Fixed satellite services providers, such as Intelsat S.A., Eutelsat
Communications S.A. and SES S.A., are characterized by large, often stationary or fixed ground terminals that send and receive high-
bandwidth signals to and from the satellite network for video and high-speed data customers and international telephone markets. By
contrast, mobile satellite services providers, such as us, Inmarsat plc, Globalstar, Inc., and ORBCOMM Inc. focus more on voice and
data services, where mobility and small-sized terminals are essential.
A LEO system, such as the system we operate, generally has lower transmission delays than a GEO system, such as that operated by
Inmarsat, due to the shorter distance signals have to travel, which also enables the use of smaller antennas on mobile devices. We
believe the unique interlinked mesh architecture of our constellation, combined with the global footprint of our satellites, distinguishes
us from regional LEO satellite operators such as Globalstar and ORBCOMM, by allowing us to route voice and data transmissions to
and from anywhere on the earth’s surface via a single gateway. As a result, we are the only mobile satellite services operator offering
real-time, low-latency services with true global coverage, including full coverage of the polar regions.
Our Competitive Strengths
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Attractive and growing markets. We believe that the mobile satellite services industry will continue to experience growth
driven by the increasing awareness of the need for reliable mobile voice and data communications services, the lack of
coverage by terrestrial wireless systems of most of the earth’s surface, and the continued development of innovative,
lower cost technology and applications integrating mobile satellite products and services. Only satellite providers can
offer global coverage, and the satellite industry is characterized by significant financial, technological and regulatory
barriers to entry.
True global coverage. Our network provides true global coverage, which none of our competitors, whether LEO or GEO,
can offer. Our network of 66 operational satellites relies on an interlinked mesh architecture to transmit signals from
satellite to satellite, which reduces the need for multiple local ground stations around the world and facilitates the global
reach of our services, and the Iridium NEXT constellation will maintain this architecture. GEO satellites orbit above the
earth’s equator, limiting their visibility to far northern or southern latitudes and polar regions. LEO satellites from
operators like Globalstar and ORBCOMM use an architecture commonly referred to as “bent pipe,” which requires voice
and data transmissions to be immediately routed to ground stations in the same region and can only provide real-time
service when they are within view of a ground station, limiting coverage to areas near where they have been able to
license and locate ground infrastructure. The LEO design of our satellite constellation produces minimal transmission
delays compared to GEO systems due to the shorter distance our signals have to travel. Additionally, LEO systems
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typically have smaller antenna requirements and are less prone to signal blockage caused by terrain and other
environmental factors than GEO satellite networks. As a result, we believe that we are well-positioned to capitalize on the
growth in our industry from end users who require reliable, easy-to-use communications services in all locations.
• Wholesale distribution network. The specialized needs of our global end users span many markets, including emergency
services, maritime, aviation, government, utilities, oil and gas, mining, recreation, forestry, heavy equipment, construction
and transportation. We sell our products and services to commercial end users through a wholesale distribution network of
service providers, VARs and VAMs, which often specialize in a particular line of business. Our distributors use our
products and services to develop innovative and integrated communications solutions for their target markets, often
combining our products with other technologies, such as GPS and terrestrial wireless technology. In addition to promoting
innovation, our wholesale distribution model allows us to capitalize on the research and development expenditures of our
distributor partners, while lowering overall customer acquisition costs and mitigating some risks, such as consumer
relationship risks. By partnering with these distributors to develop new products, services and applications, we believe we
create additional demand for our products and services and expand our target markets at a lower cost than would a more
direct marketing model. We believe our distribution network can continue to grow with us and increase our market
penetration.
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Strategic relationship with the U.S. government. The U.S. government is our largest single customer, and we have had a
relationship with the DoD since our inception. We believe the DoD views our Netted Iridium, M2M devices, encrypted
handset and other products as mission-critical services and equipment. The DoD has made significant investments in a
dedicated gateway on a U.S. government site to provide operational security and allow DoD handset users to
communicate securely with other U.S. government communications equipment. This gateway is only compatible with our
satellite network. In October 2013, we entered into a five-year, fixed-price contract with the U.S. government to provide
satellite airtime services for an unlimited number of DoD and other federal government subscribers, with a total contract
value of $400 million.
Our Business and Growth Strategies
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Leverage our largely fixed-cost infrastructure by growing our service revenue. Our business model is characterized by
high capital costs, primarily incurred every 10 to 15 years, in connection with designing, building and launching new
generations of our satellite constellation, but the incremental cost of providing service to additional end users is relatively
low. We believe that service revenue will be our largest source of future growth and profits, and we intend to focus on
growing both our commercial and government service revenue in order to leverage our largely fixed-cost infrastructure.
In particular, we believe that M2M services, where we are engaging large, global enterprises as long-term customers for
telematics solutions, represent an opportunity for service revenue growth.
Accelerate the development of personal communications capabilities. Iridium Force ® is our strategy for the development
of personal mobile satellite communications: allowing users to connect to our network in more ways, including from
devices such as smartphones, tablets and laptops; making our technology more accessible and cost-effective for our
distribution partners to integrate by licensing our core technologies; integrating location-based services for location-
specific applications and personal security capabilities; and providing rugged, dependable devices and services. As part of
this strategy, in July 2014 we began offering Iridium GO! ® , a personal satellite connectivity device (a “satellite hotspot”)
that facilitates the use of smartphones and tablets over our network.
Continue to expand our distribution network. We believe our wholesale distribution network lowers our costs and risks,
and we plan to continue to selectively expand our network of service providers, VAMs and VARs and to expand our sales
and distribution efforts geographically. We expect that our current and future value-added partners will continue to
develop customized products, services and applications targeted to the land-based handset, maritime, aviation, M2M and
government markets. We believe these markets represent an attractive opportunity for continued subscriber growth.
Continued growth in services provided to the DoD. In October 2013, we executed a five-year Enhanced Mobile Satellite
Services, or EMSS, contract with the Defense Information Systems Agency, or DISA. Under the terms of this agreement,
we provide Iridium airtime and airtime support to U.S. government and other authorized customers, including voice, low-
and high-speed data, paging, broadcast, and distributed tactical communication, or netted, services. The service fees we
will receive under the EMSS contract are fixed and increase from $64 million and $72 million in the first two years, then
to $88 million in years three through five. In addition, other services we are developing, such as future broadband
capabilities, provide us with opportunities to offer new products and services to the DoD for an additional fee.
Develop the Iridium NEXT constellation. We are developing our next-generation satellite constellation, Iridium NEXT,
which will replace our existing constellation with a more powerful satellite network while maintaining backward
compatibility with our current system and end-user devices. Iridium NEXT will maintain our current system’s key
attributes, including the capability to upload new software, while providing new and enhanced capabilities, such as higher
data speeds and increased capacity. We believe Iridium NEXT’s increased capabilities will expand our target markets by
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enabling us to develop and offer a broader range of products and services, including a wider array of cost-effective and
competitive broadband data services. We made significant progress in qualifying hardware components, including the
main mission antenna and solar power panel system, testing software and completing production of prototype satellites in
2014 in anticipation of our first launch scheduled for the second half of 2015.
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C ontinue to develop Aireon and Iridium PRIME SM . Aireon is a joint venture between us and four ANSPs, NAV
CANADA, Enav (Italy), Naviair (Denmark) and the Irish Aviation Authority. Aireon is developing an ADS-B receiver to
be hosted on Iridium NEXT, to provide a global air traffic surveillance service, which it has contracted to offer to our co-
investors in Aireon and NATS and plans to offer to other ANSPs worldwide, including the FAA. Aireon will pay us a fee
to host the ADS-B receivers on Iridium NEXT, as well as data services fees for the delivery of the air traffic surveillance
data over the Iridium NEXT system. We will also continue to hold an equity stake in Aireon. In addition, we are
developing Iridium PRIME, which will allow customers to host payloads on stand-alone satellites integrated into the
Iridium NEXT constellation, giving them greater volume, weight, power and data capacity, as well as flexibility of launch
schedule, while holding costs down compared to an independent satellite development effort.
Distribution Channels
We sell our products and services to customers through a wholesale distribution network of more than 70 service providers, more than
190 VARs and more than 40 VAMs. These distributors sell our products and services to end users, either directly or indirectly through
service providers, VARs or dealers. Of these distributors, 33 sell primarily to U.S. and international government customers. Our
distributors often integrate our products and services with other complementary hardware and software and have developed individual
solutions targeting specific lines of business. We also sell airtime services directly to the U.S. government, including the DoD, for
resale to other government agencies. The U.S. government and international government agencies may purchase additional services as
well as our products and related applications through our network of distributors.
We provide our distributors with support services, including assistance with coordinating end user sales and marketing, strategic
planning and training, and second-tier customer support, as well as helping them respond to new opportunities for our products and
services. We have representatives covering three regions around the world to better manage our distributor relationships: the
Americas, which includes North, South and Central America; Asia Pacific, which includes Australia and Asia; and Europe, the
Middle East, Africa and Russia. We have also established a global support service program to provide portside service for Iridium
OpenPort ® maritime customers at major ports worldwide. In addition, we maintain various online management tools that allow us to
communicate efficiently with our distributors, and allow them to manage their customers’ Iridium devices from anywhere in the
world. By relying on our distributors to manage end user sales, we believe that we reduce some of the risks and costs related to our
business, such as consumer relationship risks and sales and marketing costs, while providing a broad and expanding distribution
network for our products and services with access to diverse and geographically dispersed niche markets. We are also able to benefit
from the specialized expertise of our distributors, who continue to develop innovative and improved solutions and applications
integrating our product and service offerings, providing us with an attractive platform to support our growth.
Commercial Markets
We view our commercial business as our primary source of growth. Service providers and VARs serve as our main distribution
channel by purchasing our products and services and marketing them directly to their customers or indirectly through independent
dealers. They are each responsible for customer billing, end user customer care, managing credit risk and maintaining all
customer account information. If our service providers or VARs provide our services through dealers, these dealers will often
provide such services directly to the end user. Service providers typically purchase our most basic products and services, such as
mobile voice services and related satellite handsets, and offer additional services such as voice mail. Unlike service providers, our
VARs typically focus more on data applications and provide a broader array of value-added services specifically targeted to the
niche markets they serve, such as maritime, M2M, aviation and government markets, where high-use customers with specialized
needs are concentrated. These VARs integrate our handsets, transceivers, high-speed data devices and short-burst data modems
with other hardware and software to create packaged solutions for end users. Examples of these applications include cockpit voice
and data solutions for use by the aviation sector and voice, data and tracking applications for industrial customers, the DoD and
other U.S. and international government agencies. Our service providers include dedicated satellite service providers such as
Airbus Defense and Space and Inmarsat, as well as some of the largest telecommunications companies in the world, including
Telstra Corporation Limited, KDDI Corporation and Singapore Telecommunications Limited. Our VARs include Gogo Business
Aviation LLC, ARINC Incorporated, Blue Sky Network, LLC, DeLorme Publishing Company Inc., General Dynamics
Corporation, Joubeh Technologies Inc., Kore Telematics Inc., NAL Research Corporation and Zunibal S.A.
We also sell our products to VAMs, who integrate our transceivers into their propriety hardware and software. These VAMs
produce specialized equipment, including integrated ship communications systems, global asset tracking devices and secure
satellite handsets, such as our Iridium 9505A handset coupled with U.S. National Security Agency Type I encryption capability,
which they offer to end users in maritime, aviation, government and M2M markets. As with our service providers and VARs,
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VAMs sell their products either directly or through other distributors, including some of our service providers and VARs. Our
VAMs include Applied Satellite Engineering, Inc., Beam Communications Pty Ltd., Honeywell, EMS, Calamp Wireless
Networks Corporation, International Communications Group, Inc., ITT Exelis, Quake Global, Inc. and Cobham plc.
In addition to VARs and VAMs, we maintain relationships with more than 35 value-added developers, or VADs. We typically
provide technical information to these companies on our products and services, which they then use to develop software and
hardware that complements our products and services in line with the specifications of our VARs and VAMs. These products
include handset docking stations, airline tracking and flight management applications and crew e-mail applications for the
maritime industry. We believe that working with VADs allows us to create new platforms for our products and services and
increases our market opportunity while reducing our overall research and development, marketing and support expenses. Our
VADs include Two10degrees Limited, Global Marine Networks, LLC, Hirschmann Automation and Controls, Inc. and Maxtena,
Inc.
We maintain a pricing model for our commercial products and services with a consistent wholesale rate structure. Under our
distribution agreements, we charge our distributors wholesale rates for commercial products and services, subject to discount and
promotional arrangements and geographic pricing. We also charge fixed monthly access fees per subscriber for some of our
services. Our distributors are in turn responsible for setting their own pricing to their customers. Our agreements with distributors
typically have terms of one year and are automatically renewable for additional one-year terms, subject to termination rights. We
believe this business model provides incentives for distributors to focus on selling our commercial product and service portfolio
and developing additional applications. An additional benefit of this model is simplicity. This model reduces back-office
complexities and costs and allows distributors to remain focused on revenue generation.
Government Markets
We provide mission-critical mobile satellite products and services to all military branches of the DoD as well as other U.S.
government departments and agencies. These users require voice and two-way data capability with global coverage, low latency,
mobility and security and often operate in areas where no other terrestrial or wireless means of communications are available. We
believe we are well-positioned to satisfy demand from these users. Our 9505A satellite handset is the only commercial, mobile
handheld satellite phone that is capable of Type I encryption accredited by the U.S. National Security Agency for Top Secret
voice communications. In addition, the DoD has made significant investments in a dedicated gateway that provides operational
security and allows users of encrypted DoD handsets to communicate securely with other U.S. government communications
equipment. These investments include upgrading the gateway to take advantage of the enhanced capabilities of Iridium NEXT.
This gateway is only compatible with our satellite network.
We provide Iridium airtime and airtime support to U.S. government and other authorized customers pursuant to our five-year
EMSS contract, effective as of October 22, 2013. Under the terms of this agreement, authorized customers utilize Iridium airtime
services, provided through the DoD’s dedicated gateway. These services include unlimited global secure and unsecure voice, low
and high-speed data, paging, broadcast, and distributed tactical communications system, or DTCS, services for an unlimited
number of DoD and other federal subscribers. The fixed-price rates in each of the five contract years, which run from October 22
through the following October 21 of each year, are $64 million and $72 million in years one and two, respectively, and $88
million in each of the years three through five. While we sell airtime directly to the U.S. government for resale to end users, our
hardware products are sold to U.S. government customers through our network of distributors, which typically integrate them
with other products and technologies. Pursuant to federal acquisition regulations, the U.S. government may terminate the EMSS
contract, in whole or in part, at any time.
We also provide maintenance services for the DoD gateway pursuant to our Gateway Maintenance and Support Services, or
GMSS, contract managed by DISA. This agreement, effective September 2013, provides for a one-year base term and up to four
additional one-year options exercisable at the election of the U.S. government, the first of which has been exercised. If the U.S.
government elects to exercise all available one-year options, the total value of the contract to us would be approximately $38.0
million. The U.S. government may terminate the GMSS contract, in whole or in part, at any time.
In October 2012, we were also awarded a five-year indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract from DISA to upgrade the
DoD gateway and ensure its compatibility with Iridium NEXT. This contract has a one-year base period and four one-year
options, the first two of which have been exercised, and has a maximum potential value of $47 million to us over the full five-year
period, if all options are exercised.
U.S. government services accounted for approximately 21% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014. Our
reported U.S. government revenue includes airtime revenue derived from the EMSS contract and services provided through the
GMSS contract and other engineering and support contracts with the U.S. government. This revenue does not include airtime
services purchased by U.S. or non-U.S. government agencies that are provided through our commercial gateway, which we report
as commercial service revenue, or equipment purchased by government customers from third-party distributors. We are unable to
determine the specific amount of U.S. government revenue derived from these commercial sources.
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Lines of Business
The specialized needs of our global customers span many markets. Our system is able to offer our customers cost-effective
communications solutions with true global coverage in areas unserved or underserved by existing telecommunications infrastructure.
Our mission-critical communications solutions have become an integral part of the communications and business infrastructure of
many of our end users. In many cases, our service is the only connectivity for these critical applications or is used to complement
terrestrial communications solutions.
Our current principal lines of business include land-based handset, M2M, maritime, aviation, and government.
Land-based Handset
We are the leading provider of mobile satellite communications services to the land-based handset sector, providing handset
services to areas not served or inconsistently served by existing terrestrial communications networks. In a 2013 report,
Euroconsult estimated that there were approximately 675,000 active satellite handsets in the market in 2012. Mining, forestry,
construction, oil and gas, utilities, heavy industry and transport companies as well as the military, public safety and disaster relief
agencies constitute the largest portion of our land-based handset end users. We believe that demand for mobile communications
devices operating outside the coverage of terrestrial networks, combined with our small, lightweight, durable handsets with true
global coverage, will allow us to capitalize on growth opportunities among these users.
Our land-based handset end users utilize our satellite communications services for:
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Voice and data: Multinational corporations in various sectors use our services for business telephony, e-mail and data
transfer services, location-based services and to provide pay telephony services for employees in areas inadequately
served by terrestrial networks. Oil and gas and mining companies, for example, provide their personnel with our
equipment solutions while surveying new drilling and mining opportunities and while conducting routine operations in
remote areas that are not served by terrestrial wireless communications networks. In addition, a number of recreational,
scientific and other outdoor segments rely on our mobile handheld satellite phones and services for use when beyond
terrestrial wireless coverage.
• Mobile and remote office connectivity: A variety of enterprises use our services to make and receive voice calls and to
establish data, e-mail, internet and corporate network connections.
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Public safety and disaster relief: Relief agencies, such as FEMA, and other agencies, such as the Department of
Homeland Security, use our products and services in their emergency response plans, particularly in the aftermath of
natural disasters such as Hurricane Sandy, the Haitian and Chilean earthquakes, the Japanese earthquake and tsunami and
Typhoon Haiyan. These agencies generate significant demand for both our voice and data products, especially in advance
of the hurricane season in North America.
Public telephone infrastructure: Telecommunications service providers use our services to satisfy regulatory mandates
and government expectations regarding the availability of communications services for rural populations currently not
served by terrestrial infrastructure. Telstra Corporation, for example, uses our services to provide communications
services in some of Australia’s most remote locations.
Machine-to-Machine
We are one of the leading providers of satellite-based M2M services. We believe the early stage of this market and its low
penetration present opportunities for future growth. As with land-based handsets, our largest M2M users include mining,
construction, oil and gas, utilities, heavy industry, maritime, forestry and transport companies, as well as the military, public
safety and disaster relief agencies. We believe increasing demand for automated data collection processes from mobile and
remote assets operating outside the coverage of terrestrial wireline and wireless networks, as well as the continued need to
integrate the operation of such assets into enterprise management and information technology systems, will likewise increase
demand for our M2M applications. For example, our M2M devices have been adopted as standard equipment and as factory
options by heavy equipment manufacturers to provide telematics solutions for end users.
Our M2M services are used for:
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Fleet management: Our global coverage permits our products and services to be used to monitor the location of vehicle
fleets, hours of service and engine telemetry data, as well as to conduct two-way communications with drivers around the
world. Long distance drivers need reliable communication with both dispatchers and their destinations to coordinate
changing business needs, and our satellite network provides continuous communications coverage while they are in
transit. We expect that the need for more efficient, cost-effective and safer fleet operations as well as the imposition of
regulatory mandates related to driver safety, such as drive-time monitoring, will increase demand for our services in this
area.
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Fixed-asset monitoring: Multinational corporations, such as oil-field service companies like Schlumberger Limited and
ConocoPhillips Company, use our services to run applications that allow remote monitoring and operation of equipment
and facilities around the globe, such as oil pipelines and offshore drilling platforms.
Asset tracking: Leveraging M2M applications developed by several of our distributors, companies use our services and
related devices to track assets, including personnel, for logistics, theft-prevention and safety purposes. Companies and
organizations that have fleets of vehicles use M2M solutions from Iridium distributors to improve the efficiency of their
operations. For example, Halliburton uses inthinc’s waySmart M2M solution to reduce accidents and increase vehicle
uptime, and the Department of Homeland Security Office of Enforcement and Removal uses Fleet Management
Solutions’ M2M solution to transmit position, direction, speed and other data for management of its vehicle fleet.
Resource management: Our global coverage and data throughput capabilities support natural resource management
applications, such as fisheries management systems. CLS and FW Telematics, two of our VARs, have developed
applications for the fishing industry that enable regulatory compliance of fishing practices in a number of countries
around the world.
Scientific data monitoring: The global coverage of our network supports many scientific data collection applications such
as the Argo float program of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA. This program
relies on our M2M services to collect scientific data from buoys located throughout the world’s oceans for monitoring and
analysis. We believe the increased need for monitoring climate and environmental data associated with global climate
change and human impact on the planet will increase demand for these services.
Personal Tracking Devices and Location-Based Services: Several of our VAMs and VARs, such as DeLorme, Global
Satellite Engineering, NAL Research, Track24 and Solara Remote Data Delivery Incorporated, have introduced small,
portable personal tracking devices that will provide personal tracking and data communications services to commercial
end users. In addition, Iridium GO! and the Iridium Extreme ® handset offer personal tracking and location-based
services. These devices use M2M data services to send location information and other data to web-based portals for
tracking of and messaging with users.
Maritime
We believe the maritime market is one of our most significant market opportunities. End users of our services in the maritime
sector include companies engaged in merchant shipping, passenger transport, fishing, energy and recreation. Merchant shipping
accounts for a significant portion of our maritime revenue, as those ships spend the majority of their time at sea away from coastal
areas and out of reach of terrestrial communications services. Our products and services targeting the maritime market typically
have high average revenue per subscriber, with multiple users on a single subscriber account. Once a system is installed on a
vessel, it often generates a multi-year recurring revenue stream from the customer. As a consequence, from time to time we may
offer promotions or rebates to accelerate new customer acquisitions and a long-term revenue stream.
We believe increased regulatory mandates and increased demand for higher-speed, low-cost data services will allow us to
capitalize on growth opportunities in this market. We believe Iridium Pilot ® , which uses our Iridium OpenPort service to offer
uncompressed data speeds of up to 134 kilobits per second, or kbps, and three independent voice lines, presents a competitive,
broadband communication alternative to end users in the maritime market. In 2012 and 2013, Iridium Pilot users experienced
higher than expected hardware failure rates primarily due to failures of the power amplifier component. The problems were
addressed and Iridium Pilot units now operate as expected.
Maritime end users utilize our satellite communications services for the following:
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Data and information applications: Ship operators and crew use our services to send and receive e-mail and data files and
to receive other information services such as electronic media, weather reports, emergency bulletins and electronic charts.
We believe Iridium Pilot provides an attractive alternative for shipping operators and fishing fleets seeking increased
functionality at competitive prices, as well as for yachts, work boats and other vessels for which traditional marine
satellite systems have typically been costly and underperforming.
Voice services: Maritime global voice services are used for both vessel operations and communications for crew welfare.
Merchant shipping operators use prepaid phone cards for crew use at preferential around-the-clock flat rates.
Vessel management, procurement and asset tracking: Shipping operators, such as China Ocean Shipping Company
(COSCO) and Zodiac Shipping Ltd., use our services to manage operations on ships and to transmit data, such as course,
speed and fuel stock. Our services can be integrated with GPS to provide a position reporting capability. Many fishing
vessels are required by law to carry terminals using approved mobile satellite services for tracking purposes as well as to
monitor catches and to ensure compliance with geographic fishing restrictions. European Union regulations, for example,
require EU-registered fishing vessels of over 15 meters to carry terminals for the purpose of positional reporting of those
vessels. Furthermore, new security regulations in some jurisdictions are expected to require tracking of merchant vessels
in territorial waters, which would provide an additional growth opportunity for us.
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Safety applications: Ships in distress, including as a result of potential piracy, hijack or terrorist activity, rely on mobile
satellite voice and data services. The Ship Security and Alert Systems regulations were adopted by the International
Maritime Organization, or IMO, to enhance maritime security in response to the threat from terrorism and piracy. Most
deep-sea passenger and cargo ships must be fitted with a device that can send an alert message containing the ship’s ID
and position whenever the ship is under threat or has been compromised. We and our distribution partners have developed
several product solutions to meet this requirement for merchant vessels. The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System,
or GMDSS, is a maritime service built to alert a maritime rescue coordination center of each vessel’s situation and
position, information that can then be used to coordinate search and rescue efforts among ships in the area. The IMO
requires all vessels flagged by signatories to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) over
300 gross tons and certain passenger vessels, irrespective of size, that travel in international waters to carry distress and
safety terminals that use GMDSS applications. Although our products and services are currently not certified to be used in
GMDSS applications, we are working through the authorization process with the IMO for inclusion in the GMDSS, which
we currently anticipate receiving in late 2016.
Aviation
We are one of the leading providers of mobile satellite communications services to the aviation sector. Our services are
increasingly used in commercial and global government aviation applications, principally by corporate jets, corporate and
government helicopter fleets, specialized general aviation fleets, such as medevac companies and fire suppression fleets, and
high-end personal aircraft. Our services are also employed by commercial airline operators for cockpit voice and data link
services for aircraft operational and safety communications. As a result of the 2011 FAA announcement that it will approve
Iridium for flight safety data communications and the U.S. Federal Communications Commission’s, or FCC’s, approval of
Iridium for flight safety communications, commercial operators are installing avionics that use the Iridium network on the flight
deck to comply with international air navigation communications requirements to operate in oceanic and remote airspace. Our
voice and data devices from our VAMs and VARs have been adopted as standard equipment and as factory options for a range of
airframe manufacturers in business aviation and air transport, such as Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation, Bombardier Inc.,
Cessna Aircraft Company, Boeing and Airbus. Our devices are also installed in the aftermarket on large volume and a variety of
other types of aircraft.
Aviation end users utilize our satellite communications services for:
•
•
•
•
Aviation operational communications: Aircraft crew and ground operations use our services for air-to-ground telephony
and data communications. This includes the automatic reporting of an aircraft’s position and mission-critical condition
data to the ground and controller-pilot data link communication for clearance and information services. We provide
critical communications applications for airlines and air transport customers such as Hawaiian Airlines, United Airlines,
UPS, Lufthansa, Cathay Pacific Airways and El Al Airlines. These operators rely on our services because other forms of
communication may be unaffordable or unreliable in areas such as the polar regions. ARINC Incorporated and SITA, SC,
the two leading providers of voice and data link communications services and applications to the airline industry,
integrate our products and services into their offerings.
Aviation passenger communications: Corporate and private fleet aircraft passengers use our services for air-to-ground
telephony and data communications. Operators are currently using our services to enable passengers to e-mail using their
own Wi-Fi-enabled mobile devices, including smartphones, without causing interference with aircraft operation. We
believe our distributors’ small, lightweight, cost-effective solutions offer an attractive alternative for aircraft operators,
particularly small fleet operators.
Rotary and general aviation applications: We are also a major supplier for rotary aviation applications to end users in a
number of markets, including medevac, law enforcement, oil and gas, and corporate work fleets. Companies such as Air
Logistics, EagleMed and Air Evac Lifeteam rely on applications from our distributors for traditional voice
communications, fleet tracking and management, and real-time flight diagnostics. VARs and VAMs such as Avidyne
Corporation, Flightcell International Ltd., Garmin International, Inc., Honeywell International, Inc., SkyTrac and Spider
Tracks Limited incorporate Iridium products and services into applications for this market.
Air traffic control communications and safety applications: The International Civil Aviation Organization, or ICAO, has
approved standards and recommended practices allowing us to provide Aeronautical Mobile Satellite (Route) Services to
commercial aircraft on long-haul routes. This allows member states to evaluate and approve our services for safety
communications on flights in oceanic and remote airspace. After several years of working with the Performance Based
Aviation Rules Making Committee, or PARC, and illustrating a successful operational evaluation using Iridium data
services, in 2011 the FAA announced that it would approve Iridium for use in the Future Air Navigation Services (FANS)
and Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Contract (ADS-C) datalink communications with Air Traffic Control, or ATC.
We are currently coordinating with PARC on an operational evaluation of our voice communications services for ATC.
As our services become approved by regulatory organizations and member states, aircraft crew and air traffic controllers
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will be able to use our services for data and voice communications between the flight deck and ground-based air traffic
control facilities. We are the only satellite provider capable of offering such critical flight safety applications around the
entire globe, including the polar regions. We believe this particular sector of the market will present us with significant
growth opportunities, as our services and applications will serve as a cost-effective alternative to systems currently in
operation.
Government
We are one of the leading providers of mobile satellite communications services to the U.S. government, principally the DoD. We
provide mobile satellite products and services to all branches of the U.S. armed forces. Our voice products are used for a variety
of primary and backup communications solutions, including tactical operations, logistical, administrative, morale and welfare, and
emergency communications. In addition, our products and related applications are installed on ground vehicles, ships, rotary- and
fixed-wing aircraft, embedded in unattended sensors and used for command and control and situational awareness purposes.
Global security concerns are among the factors driving demand for our products and services in this sector. See “—
U.S. Government Services” for more information.
Seasonality
Our business is subject to seasonal usage changes for commercial customers, and we expect it to be affected by similar seasonality
going forward. March through October are typically the peak months for commercial voice traffic and related subscriber equipment
sales, given the predominance of population and activity in the northern hemisphere. U.S. government usage and commercial M2M
usage have been less subject to seasonal changes.
Services and Products
At December 31, 2014, we had approximately 739,000 billable subscribers worldwide. Our principal services are mobile satellite
services, including mobile voice and data services, M2M services and high-speed data. Sales of our commercial services collectively
accounted for approximately 60% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014. We also sell related voice and data
equipment to our customers, which accounted for approximately 19% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014. In
addition, we offer services to U.S. government customers, including the DoD. U.S. government services accounted for approximately
21% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014.
Commercial Services
Postpaid Mobile Voice and Data Satellite Communications Services
We sell our mobile voice and data services to service providers and VARs who in turn offer such services to end users, either
directly or indirectly through dealers, using various packaged solutions such as monthly plans with differing price levels that
vary depending upon expected usage. In exchange for these services, we typically charge service providers and VARs a
monthly access fee per subscriber, as well as usage fees for airtime minutes used by their respective subscribers.
Prepaid Mobile Voice Satellite Communications Services
We also offer mobile voice services to service providers and VARs through prepaid plans. Service providers and VARs pay
us in advance for defined blocks of airtime minutes with expiration periods in various configurations, ranging from 30 days
to two years. These services are then generally sold to subscribers in the form of prepaid scratch cards and e-vouchers that
enable subscribers to use our services on a per-minute basis. Unused minutes are forfeited on the applicable expiration date.
We believe service providers and VARs are drawn to these services because they enable greater cost control by eliminating
the need for monthly billings and reducing collection costs, and can be sold in countries where credit may not be readily
available for end users. Our distributors often offer our prepaid voice services through fixed devices to subscribers in rural
villages, at remote industrial, commercial and residential sites and on ships at sea, among other places. Fixed voice satellite
communications services are in many cases an attractive alternative to handheld mobile satellite communications services in
situations where multiple users will access the service within a defined geographic area and terrestrial wireline or wireless
service is not available. Fixed phones, for example, can be configured as pay phones that accept prepaid scratch cards and can
be installed at a central location, for example in a rural village or on a maritime vessel.
Broadband Data Services
Our broadband data service, Iridium OpenPort, which is currently offered to maritime users through our Iridium Pilot
terminals, offers maritime and aviation end users speeds of up to 134 kbps and three independent voice lines that can be used
simultaneously. We believe Iridium OpenPort offers a competitive alternative to other satellite broadband services that offer
fewer features at higher costs. Data rates on this service can be adjusted up or down without making hardware or software
changes, giving subscribers options that allow them to balance needs for data transmission speeds against cost considerations.
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In conjunction with our distributors, we offer additional services that permit service providers and VARs to offer complete
integrated solutions for prepaid calling, e-mail and IP-based data communications. For example, in January 2012, KVH
Industries, Inc., one of our distribution partners, began offering a product that integrates Iridium Pilot with its mini-VSAT SM
broadband service to provide backup connectivity when the mini-VSAT terminal is out of its coverage area or out of service.
For our Iridium OpenPort service, we typically charge service providers usage fees for airtime consumed by the respective
subscribers for voice and data communications.
Machine-to-Machine Services
Our M2M services are designed to address the market need for a small and cost-effective solution for sending and receiving
data, such as location, from fixed and mobile assets in remote locations to a central monitoring station. This service operates
through a two-way short-burst data transmission between our network and a transceiver, which may be located, for example,
on a container in transit or a buoy monitoring oceanographic conditions. The small size of our units makes them attractive for
use in applications such as tracking asset shipments, monitoring unattended remote assets, including oil and gas assets,
vehicle tracking and mobile security. We sell our M2M services to our distributors, who incorporate them and in turn provide
a solution package to commercial and government customers such as Schlumberger Limited, ConocoPhillips and NOAA.
Increasingly, our M2M transceivers are being built into products for consumer markets, such as personal location devices that
provide two-way messaging. As with our mobile voice and data offerings, we typically charge service providers and VARs a
monthly access fee per subscriber as well as usage fees for data used by their respective subscribers.
Other Services
In addition to access and usage fees, we generate revenue from several ancillary services related to our core service offerings,
such as inbound connections from the public switched telephone network, or PSTN, short message services, or SMS,
subscriber identity module, or SIM, activation, customer reactivation and other peripheral services. We also provide research
and development services to assist customers in developing new technologies compatible with our system, which we may
leverage for use in service and product offerings in the future. We charge our distributors fees for these services.
U.S. Government Services
We provide U.S. government customers bulk access to our services, including voice, netted voice, data, messaging and paging
services, as well as maintenance services for the DoD’s dedicated gateway. We provide airtime to U.S. government subscribers
through DoD’s gateway, under the EMSS contract, which is a fixed-price contract covering voice, low-speed data, paging,
broadcast and DTCS, or netted, services. Additional services, such as future broadband capabilities, would be provided at an
additional fee. To comply with U.S. government regulations, we ensure handsets sold for use by the U.S. government are
manufactured in the United States. U.S. government customers procure our voice and data products through our network of
distributors. Our VARs and VAMs typically integrate our products with other products, which they then offer to U.S. government
customers as customized products. Our voice and data solutions include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
personnel tracking devices;
asset tracking devices for equipment, vehicles and aircraft;
beyond-line-of-sight aircraft communications applications;
submarine communications applications;
specialized communications solutions for high-value individuals; and
specialized, secure, mobile communications and data devices for the military and intelligence community, such as secure
satellite handsets with U.S. National Security Agency Type I encryption capability.
With funding support from the DoD, we continue to invest in research and development to develop new products and applications
for use by all branches of the U.S. armed forces. In conjunction with DISA, we and our distribution partners offer Netted Iridium,
which uses a line of radio-only devices that permit beyond-line-of-sight push-to-talk group calling services for a user-defined
group, or net. We expect Netted Iridium to provide us with the potential for future new commercial applications in public safety,
fishing and field worker communications.
Our Products
We offer a broad array of voice and data products for customers that work worldwide. In most cases, our devices or an antenna
must be located outside and within view of a satellite to be able to access our network.
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Satellite Handsets
Our principal handset offerings are the Iridium 9555 and Iridium Extreme satellite handset phones, which are similar in
functionality to ordinary cellular phones but with the solid, durable feel that many satellite phone users demand. We believe
our reputation for industrial-strength products is critical for customers, many of whom are located in the most inhospitable
spots on the planet and require rugged and reliable communications equipment.
Iridium 9555. The Iridium 9555 provides voice, SMS and data connectivity. This model introduced several features
including a larger, brighter screen, improved SMS and e-mail capabilities, an integrated antenna and speakerphone. The
Iridium 9555 weighs 9.4 ounces and offers up to 3.1 hours of talk time. The Iridium 9555 has an industrial feel, with a
rugged housing to protect its sophisticated satellite transceiver.
Iridium Extreme. The Iridium Extreme adds to the Iridium 9555’s capabilities by providing a rugged exterior that meets
DoD Military Standard 810F for durability, a dedicated, two-way emergency SOS button and fully integrated GPS and
location-based services. These extra features are provided in a handset that is even smaller than the Iridium 9555,
weighing 8.7 ounces and offering up to four hours of talk time. An emergency response service provided by GEOS
Travel Safety Group, or GEOS, is included with the purchase of the phone and airtime usage. The two-way emergency
SOS button initiates a phone call and an emergency message via SMS to GEOS, which then coordinates with local
emergency responders.
We expect these devices to maintain our competitive position as premium offerings in the market due to their
capabilities, mobility, reliability and global coverage. In addition to these devices, we offer the Iridium 9505A handset,
and variants of the Iridium 9555 and Iridium Extreme handsets, which are qualified for sale to U.S. government
customers.
Iridium GO!
In July 2014, we began offering Iridium GO!, a small, rugged, personal connectivity device that connects to the Iridium
network to create a Wi-Fi hotspot, enabling the use of smartphones and tablets to make voice calls, send text messages
and emails, post to social networking sites, and use the mobile web. Iridium GO! also has an emergency SOS button and
GPS and location-based services. Smartphone or tablet access is provided through special applications downloaded for
free from the Apple App Store or through Google Play for Android smartphones or tablets. A software development kit
is available to enable the creation of additional applications, targeted to specific customer segments.
Wi-Fi Accessories
Our suite of Iridium AxcessPoint products and services, including the Iridium AxcessPoint Wi-Fi hotspot accessory, the
free Iridium Mail & Web optimization software and the Iridium AxcessPoint Connect downloadable application,
complements our handset offerings. AxcessPoint products and services enable the connection of smartphones, tablets and
personal computers to the Iridium network via a Wi-Fi hotspot linked to an Iridium Extreme, Iridium 9555 or Iridium
9505A.
Voice and Data Modems
We also offer a combined voice transceiver and data modem, which our distributors integrate into a variety of
communications solutions that are deployed in different applications around the world. Our principal offering in this space is
the Iridium Core 9523 L-Band transceiver, which utilizes the transceiver core of our Iridium Extreme satellite handset. The
Iridium Core 9523 provides a small voice and data module that can be integrated with other components to create a modem
tailored for typical VAM applications as well as specific applications, such as a dual-mode terrestrial radio and satellite
phone or M2M applications that require larger data packets. We also offer the 9522B L-Band transceiver, which utilizes the
same transceiver core that is used in our Iridium 9555 satellite handset to provide voice and circuit-switched data services.
Our principal customers for our L-Band transceivers are VAMs and VARs, who integrate them into specialized devices that
access our network.
Broadband Data Devices
Our Iridium Pilot terminal provides up to three independent voice lines and an internet connection for data speeds from 32 to
134 kbps over our Iridium OpenPort service. All voice and data capabilities can be used simultaneously. Our principal
customers for Iridium Pilot are service providers who integrate the device with their own hardware and software products to
provide a suite of customer-focused voice and IP-based data packages for ship business, crew calling and e-mail. We believe
the low cost of our Iridium Pilot terminal, combined with our high bandwidth and flexible service options, will allow us to
grow our share of the existing maritime market while opening up new market sectors, such as luxury yachts, tug boats and
other fishing and cruising vessels for which traditional marine satellite systems have typically been too costly. We also
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believe Iridium Pilot will increasingly be adopted as a complement to maritime Very Small Aperture Terminal, or VSAT, systems
providing broadband and data services for ships, where Iridium Pilot can fill in coverage gaps, provide services where the VSAT
terminal is not licensed to operate, and provide an alternate channel for VSAT maintenance and configuration. In February 2014,
we introduced Iridium Pilot Land Station, which allows remote individuals and businesses from off-the-grid terrestrial locations to
obtain reliable internet connections and voice calling no matter where they are located.
Machine-to-Machine Data Devices
Our principal M2M devices are the Iridium 9602 and 9603 full-duplex short-burst data transceivers. The Iridium 9602 is a
small data device with two-way transmission, capable of sending packet data to and from any point in the world with low
latency. The principal customers for our Iridium 9602 data modems are VARs and VAMs, who embed the Iridium 9602 into
their tracking, sensor, and data applications and systems, such as asset tracking systems. Our partners often combine the
Iridium 9602 with a GPS receiver to provide location information to customer applications. We also offer the Iridium 9603,
an even smaller transceiver that is functionally identical to the Iridium 9602. In addition, an increasing number of VARs and
VAMs are including a cellular modem as part of their Iridium applications to provide low-cost cellular data transmission
when available. These types of multimode applications are adopted by end users who require the ability to regularly transfer
data but operate in areas with inconsistent cellular coverage. We provide gap-filler coverage for these applications, allowing
users to operate anywhere on the globe. We continue to invest in research and development to develop smaller, lighter
products in this market. In February 2014, we introduced Iridium Burst ® , our one-to-many global data broadcast service,
which enables enterprises to send data to an unlimited number of devices anywhere in the world, even inside buildings,
vehicles or aircraft .
Device Development and Manufacturing
We contract with Cambridge Consulting Ltd. and other suppliers to develop all of our devices, and with two contract
manufacturers, to manufacture our devices in facilities in Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore. Pursuant to our contracts with
these manufacturers, we may be required to purchase excess materials at cost plus a contractual markup if the materials are
not used in production within the periods specified in the agreement. The manufacturers generally repurchase the materials
from us at the same price we paid, as required for the production of the devices. Our agreements with these manufacturers are
automatically renewable for additional one-year terms unless terminated by either party. In December 2014, we notified one
of our contract manufacturers that we will be terminating our contract with them effective in August 2015. Following this
termination, Benchmark Electronics (Thailand) PCL, part of Benchmark Electronics, Inc., a global contract manufacturing
company, will be our sole manufacturer of devices. We generally provide our distributors with a warranty on subscriber
equipment for one to five years from the date of activation, depending on the product. We also utilize other suppliers, some
of which are the sole source, to manufacture some of the component parts of our devices.
In addition to our principal products, we also offer a selection of accessories for our devices, including extended-life
batteries, holsters, earbud headphones, portable auxiliary antennas, antenna adaptors, USB data cables and charging units,
among others. We purchase these products from several third-party suppliers either pursuant to contractual agreements or off
the shelf at market prices.
Our Spectrum
We hold licenses to use 8.725 MHz of contiguous spectrum in the L-Band, which operates at 1.6 GHz, and allows for two-way
communication between our devices and our satellites. In addition, we are authorized to use 200 MHz of K-Band (23 GHz) spectrum
for satellite-to-satellite communications, known as inter-satellite links, and 400 MHz of Ka-Band spectrum (19.4 GHz to 19.6 GHz
and 29.1 to 29.3 GHz) for two-way communication between our satellites and our gateways, known as feeder links. Access to this
spectrum enables us to design satellites, network and terrestrial infrastructure enhancements cost effectively because each product and
service can be deployed and sold worldwide. In February 2013, we filed an application with the FCC for an additional 1.775 MHz of
L-band spectrum to increase our total amount to 10.5 MHz of contiguous spectrum. Our products and services are offered in over 100
countries, and we and our distributors continue to seek authorizations in additional countries.
Our use of spectrum is globally coordinated and recorded by, and subject to the frequency rules and regulations of, the International
Telecommunication Union, or ITU. The ITU is the United Nations organization responsible for worldwide co-operation in the
telecommunications sector. In order to protect satellite systems from harmful radio frequency interference from other satellite
systems, the ITU maintains a Master International Frequency Register of radio frequency assignments. Each ITU administration is
required to give notice of, coordinate and record its proposed use of radio frequency assignments with the ITU’s Radiocommunication
Bureau. The coordination negotiations are conducted by the national administrations with the assistance of satellite operators. When
the coordination process is completed, the ITU formally notifies all proposed users of frequencies and orbital locations in order to
protect the recorded assignments from subsequent nonconforming or interfering uses by member states of the ITU. Only member
states have full standing within this inter-governmental organization. Filings to the ITU for our current constellation were made on our
behalf by the United States.
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The ITU also controls the assignment of country codes used for placing telephone calls between different countries. Our network has
been assigned the 8816 and 8817 country codes and uses these numbers for calling and communications between terminals.
Domestic and Foreign Revenue
We supply services and products to customers in a number of foreign countries. We allocate revenue geographically based on where
we invoice our distributors, whom we bill for mobile satellite services and related equipment sales, and not according to the location
of the end user. These distributors sell services directly or indirectly to end users, who may be located elsewhere. It is not possible for
us to determine the geographical distribution of revenue from end users, as we do not contract directly with them. Substantially all of
our revenue is invoiced in U.S. dollars. The table below sets forth the percentage of our revenue by country for the last three years.
United States
Canada
United Kingdom
Other Countries (1)
2014
Year Ended December 31,
2013
2012
47%
11%
12%
30%
46%
13%
10%
31%
46%
14%
11%
29%
(1) No other single country represented more than 10% of our revenue for any of the periods indicated.
For more information about our revenue from sales to foreign and domestic customers, see Note 11 to our consolidated financial
statements included in this annual report.
Traffic Originating Outside the United States
A significant portion of our voice and data traffic originates outside the United States. The table below sets forth the percentage of our
commercial voice and data traffic originating outside the United States, excluding Iridium OpenPort traffic, for the last three years.
Commercial voice traffic (minutes)
Commercial data traffic (kilobytes)
Our Network
Current Constellation
2014
Year Ended December 31,
2013
2012
90%
69%
90%
67%
90%
69%
Our satellite network has an architecture of 66 in-orbit LEO satellites, operating in six orbital planes of eleven vehicles each in
nearly circular polar orbits, in addition to in-orbit spares. Our operational satellites orbit at an altitude of approximately 483 miles
(778 kilometers) above the earth and travel at approximately 16,689 mph, resulting in a complete orbit of the earth approximately
every 100 minutes. The design of our constellation ensures that generally at least one satellite is visible to subscribers from any
point on the earth’s surface, covering all of the world’s population. While our constellation offers true global coverage, most of
our satellite services are not available in locations where a satellite signal cannot be transmitted or received or when the device or
antenna does not have a direct line of sight to a satellite, such as inside a building.
Our constellation is unique among commercial constellations in its usage of radio frequency crosslinks between our satellites.
These crosslinks enable each satellite to communicate with up to four other satellites in space, two in the same orbital plane and
two in adjacent planes. Our traffic is generally routed automatically between satellites, which minimizes the ground infrastructure
necessary to support the constellation by allowing the satellite that is then passing over the ground station to transmit all traffic to
and from the rest of the satellite constellation to terrestrial-based networks such as the PSTN. This interlinked architecture enables
our primary ground station gateway to support most commercial traffic globally. We have also deployed a teleport network, or
TPN, to allow grounding traffic at multiple locations within our ground network infrastructure. This added flexibility allows for
rapid reconfiguration of grounding traffic from the satellites in the event of a space, antenna or ground routing anomaly and
results in greater reliability of our network.
We believe our interlinked satellite infrastructure provides several advantages over networks that rely on multiple terrestrial gateways,
such as Globalstar’s and ORBCOMM’s networks. We have the only satellite network with true global coverage, and our constellation is
less vulnerable to single points of failure, since traffic can be routed around any one satellite problem to complete the communications
path. In addition, the small number of ground stations increases the security of our constellation, a factor that makes our network
particularly attractive to government institutions and large enterprises. The low orbit of our constellation also allows our network to
operate with low latency and with smaller antennas due to the proximity of our satellites to the earth.
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Our constellation provides significant coverage overlap for mitigation of service gaps from individual satellite outages,
particularly at higher northern and southern latitudes. Each satellite was designed with a high degree of on-board subsystem
robustness, an on-board fault detection system, and isolation and recovery capabilities for safe and quick risk mitigation. Our
ability to reposition our satellites provides us with operating flexibility and enhances our ability to maintain a commercially
acceptable level of service. Historically, if a satellite should fail or become unusable, in most cases, we were able to reposition
one of our in-orbit spare satellites to take over its functions. Today, if a failure occurs in an orbital plane in which we have an in-
orbit spare, we may be able to reposition the spare within days, with minimal impact on our services. If there is no in-orbit spare
located in the relevant orbital plane, redeploying an in-orbit spare into the affected plane would take at least one year, or we may
replace it with a newly launched Iridium NEXT satellite, if available. The design of our space and ground control system
facilitates the real-time intervention and management of the satellite constellation and service upgrades via software
enhancements. In addition, we also completed the upgrades in 2014 to all our ground systems, including gateway and teleport
technology and satellite control systems.
Our commercial gateway is located in Tempe, Arizona. Our network has multiple antennas, located at the gateway and TPN
facilities, that communicate with our satellites and pass calls between the gateway and the satellites as the satellites traverse our
antennas, thereby connecting signals from the terminals of end users to our gateway. This system, together with our satellite
crosslinks, enables communications that are not dependent on a ground station in the region where the end user is using our
services. A gateway can also generate and control all user information pertaining to our registered users, such as geo-location and
call detail records. The DoD owns and operates a dedicated gateway for U.S. government users to take advantage of this
capability. This gateway provides an interface between voice and data devices and the Defense Information Systems Network and
other terrestrial infrastructure, providing DoD users with secure communications capabilities.
In 2013, we commenced the provision of Iridium voice and data satellite communications services in Russia to commercial and
government subscribers through a local subsidiary and its authorized Russian service providers. In addition to procuring and
implementing local billing and operation support services infrastructure, we also secured a site and commenced construction on
dedicated earth station facilities in Russia. We have also had discussions to build or reactivate additional gateways in other
countries, such as China and India, that require gateways in their jurisdictions. These gateways would connect the commercial
traffic coming to and from their territory to the constellation.
We operate our satellite constellation from our satellite network operations center in Leesburg, Virginia. This facility manages the
performance and status of each of our satellites, developing and distributing routing tables for use by the satellites, TPN facilities
and gateways, directing traffic routing through the network and controlling the formation of coverage areas by the satellites’ main
mission antennas. We also operate TPN facilities in Fairbanks, Alaska and Chandler, Arizona in the United States, and in northern
Canada and Norway that perform telemetry, tracking and control functions. Three of our northern ground stations also provide
supplemental earth terminal capability for the Tempe gateway.
From time to time, individual satellites in our constellation experience operating problems that may result in a satellite outage, but
due to overlapping coverage within our constellation, the individual satellite outages typically do not negatively affect our
customers’ use of our system for a prolonged period. In addition, most system processing related to our service is performed using
software onboard each satellite instead of on the ground. We believe this provides us with significant flexibility and has
contributed to the longevity of the system by enabling engineers to develop additional functionality and software-based solutions
to occasional faults and anomalies in the system.
We have experienced twelve satellite losses since we reintroduced commercial satellite services in 2001 that have resulted in the
complete loss of the affected satellites or the loss of the ability of the satellite to carry traffic on the network, most recently in
August 2014. Eleven of these losses were from satellites that failed in orbit, and one satellite was lost as a result of a 2009
collision with a non-operational Russian satellite. To date, each time we have lost a satellite we have had an in-orbit spare
available to replace it.
Based on the failures and anomalies we have experienced to date, and considering the potential for future anomalies, we believe
our current constellation will provide a commercially acceptable level of service through the transition to Iridium NEXT. We
expect to be able to mitigate most satellite failures through the use of our remaining in-orbit spare or Iridium NEXT satellites, if
available, the implementation of software solutions, and by landing communications traffic using the sites within the TPN
infrastructure and backhauling traffic to the Tempe gateway for processing and termination. Accordingly, we believe our
constellation can provide a commercially acceptable level of service with fewer than 66 satellites.
We also own spare parts for some of the equipment in our gateway and TPN facilities. We selectively replace parts for our
gateway and TPN facilities as necessary and maintain an inventory of spare parts, which we continuously monitor. When we do
not have necessary spares in inventory or our spares become obsolete, we rely on third parties to develop necessary parts.
In 2010, we entered into an amended and restated long-term operations and maintenance agreement with Boeing, which we refer
to as the O&M Agreement. Boeing operated and maintained our satellite constellation under this O&M Agreement through the
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end of 2014. Although the term of the O&M Agreement runs concurrently with the operational life of the current constellation,
the O&M Agreement also provides for transition to a hybrid operations mode involving network elements from both the original
Iridium system and the Iridium NEXT system. In 2014, we elected to make this transition to hybrid operations as of January 1,
2015, to be provided by Boeing under the terms of the Iridium NEXT support services agreement as further described below.
Through 2014, the O&M Agreement represented a time-and-materials fee with an annual limit on amounts paid.
In 2010, we also entered into an Iridium NEXT support services agreement with Boeing pursuant to which Boeing provides
personnel services in support of the development of Iridium NEXT and will operate and maintain Iridium NEXT, including a
transitional period that began on January 1, 2015, during which Boeing supports a hybrid operations mode involving network
elements from both the original Iridium system and the Iridium NEXT system. Boeing provides these services on a time-and-
materials fee basis. The term of the agreement runs concurrently with the operational life of the Iridium NEXT constellation. We
are entitled to terminate the agreement for convenience and without cause commencing in 2019.
Pursuant to an amended and restated transition services, products and asset agreement, or the TSA, with Motorola, and a separate
agreement with Boeing, Motorola, and the U.S. government, we are required to maintain an in-orbit liability insurance policy,
which also covers planned or unplanned de-orbits of individual satellites, with a de-orbiting endorsement to cover the mass de-
orbit of our satellite constellation in the amount of $500.0 million per occurrence, and $1.0 billion in the aggregate. The current
policy together with the de-orbiting endorsement covers amounts that we and other specified parties may become liable to pay for
bodily injury or property damage to third parties related to processing, maintaining and operating our satellite constellation,
including individual satellite de-orbits, and, in the case of the de-orbiting endorsement, a mass de-orbit of the satellite
constellation, although it contains exceptions for third-party damages which may result from the 2009 in-orbit satellite collision.
The policy covers us, the U.S. government, Boeing, as operator of our system, Motorola Solutions, Inc., or Motorola Solutions, as
successor to Motorola, and other named beneficiaries. The policy has been renewed annually since the expiration of the original
policy’s three-year term in 2003 and currently expires on December 8, 2015. In addition, we maintain a separate $1.0 billion
product liability policy to cover Motorola Solutions’ potential liability as manufacturer of the satellites. Given the flexibility of
our satellite constellation and in-orbit spares, we do not maintain in-orbit insurance covering losses from satellite failures or other
operational problems affecting our current constellation, although the terms of our Credit Facility will require us to do so for a
period of time with respect to our Iridium NEXT satellites. See -“Iridium NEXT” below.
Our current satellite constellation license from the FCC has been extended until January 31, 2018. Our U.S. gateway earth station
licenses expire between 2018 and 2026, and our U.S. government customer’s and commercial subscribers’ earth station licenses
for end user devices will expire in 2021. We must file renewal applications for earth station licenses between 30 and 90 days prior
to expiration.
Iridium NEXT
Our satellites continue to perform well, but they have exceeded their original design lives, and we are currently developing our
next-generation satellite constellation, Iridium NEXT, which we expect to commence launching in the second half of 2015.
Iridium NEXT will maintain the architecture of our current constellation, with 66 in-orbit satellites, as well as six in-orbit spares
and nine ground spares. We have contracted with Thales Alenia Space France, or Thales, to construct the Iridium NEXT
satellites, which are designed to be compatible with our current constellation and end-user equipment. As we launch each batch of
Iridium NEXT satellites, we expect to use them to replace satellites in our current constellation, minimizing any disruption to our
end users.
We plan to deploy the first two satellites on a Dnepr rocket launched by Kosmotras, with the remaining 70 satellites to be
deployed on seven Falcon 9 rockets launched by SpaceX. We expect to complete the deployment of the Iridium NEXT
constellation in 2017. The current constellation is expected to provide a commercially acceptable level of service through the
transition to Iridium NEXT. In December 2013, we filed an application with the FCC to modify our space station license to give
us authority to launch and operate Iridium NEXT. The application remains pending.
The Iridium NEXT constellation will also host the Aireon system. The Aireon system is being developed by Aireon LLC, our
joint venture with the ANSPs of Canada, Italy, Denmark and Ireland, to provide a global air traffic surveillance service through a
series of ADS-B receivers on the Iridium NEXT satellites. Aireon has contracted to offer this service to our co-investors in Aireon
and NATS and plans to offer the service to other ANSPs worldwide, including the FAA. These ANSPs would use the service to
provide air traffic control services over the oceans, as well as polar and remote regions. Aireon also plans to market the data to
airlines and other users. Under our agreements with Aireon, Aireon will pay us a fee of $200 million to host the ADS-B receivers
on Iridium NEXT, as well as data services fees of up to approximately $20 million per year, once the system is fully operational,
for the delivery of the air traffic surveillance data over the Iridium NEXT system.
While the Aireon ADS-B receivers are the primary hosted payload on the Iridium NEXT satellites, we have also entered into an
agreement with Harris Corporation, the manufacturer of the Aireon hosted payload, to permit Harris to allocate the remaining
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hosted payload capacity to its customers. We expect this agreement to result in an additional $55 million in hosting and data fees.
In addition, in September 2013, we announced Iridium PRIME to address the traditional challenges of hosted payload missions,
which include inflexible launch schedules, “one-off” mission control systems and ground connectivity challenges, by providing
customers access to the Iridium NEXT satellite constellation with flexibility as to the number of payloads they can deploy, the
number of planes they occupy, and independent mission control, at substantial cost savings compared to current stand-alone
solutions.
We estimate the aggregate costs associated with the design, build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related infrastructure upgrades
through 2017 to be approximately $3 billion. We believe the Credit Facility, as described in “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Credit Facility,” together with cash on hand and internally generated
cash flows, including potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME, will be sufficient to fully fund the aggregate
costs associated with the design, build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure upgrades through 2017.
The Credit Facility requires us to obtain insurance covering the launch and first 12 months of operation of the Iridium NEXT
satellites. We are in the process of placing this insurance. The amount of coverage we are seeking to place is large, our coverage
requirements are complex, and the market for launch and in-orbit insurance is limited. We have placed only a portion of coverage
for the full launch program to date, and we are currently in discussions with prospective insurers and with our lenders regarding
the structure of our planned coverage. If we are unable to place the launch and in-orbit insurance on the terms required by the
Credit Facility, we would be required to seek a waiver or amendment of those requirements.
We expect to use our nine ground spares and a prepaid relaunch right with SpaceX to self-insure a portion of our launch and in-
orbit risks, as permitted under the Credit Facility. While we believe this will enable us to obtain insurance at a substantially lower
cost than would be possible without the ground spares and relaunch right, if we use our ground spares to replace lost satellites, we
will likely choose to purchase additional satellites to maintain a backup supply of ground spares. The cost of such additional
ground spares is not included in the $3 billion estimated cost for the design, build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related
infrastructure upgrades through 2017.
Full Scale Development and Launch Services Agreements
In June 2010, we executed a primarily fixed price full scale development contract, or FSD, with Thales Alenia Space France,
or Thales, for the design and manufacture of satellites for Iridium NEXT. The total price under the FSD will be
approximately $2.3 billion, and we expect our payment obligations under the FSD to extend into the first quarter of 2018. As
of December 31, 2014, we had made total payments of $1,331.1 million to Thales, of which $1,129.8 million were from
borrowings under the Credit Facility. We currently use the Credit Facility to pay 85% of each invoice received from Thales
under the FSD with the remaining 15% funded from cash on hand. Once the Credit Facility is fully drawn, we expect to pay
100% of each invoice received from Thales from cash and marketable securities on hand as well as internally generated cash
flows, including potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME.
In March 2010, we entered into an agreement with Space Exploration Technologies Corp., or SpaceX, to secure SpaceX as
the primary launch services provider for Iridium NEXT. The maximum price under the SpaceX agreement is $453.1 million.
As of December 31, 2014, we had made total payments of $155.6 million to SpaceX, including a $3.0 million refundable
deposit for the reservation of additional future launches, which is not included in the total contract price. The SpaceX Falcon
9 rocket is configured to carry ten Iridium NEXT satellites to orbit with each launch.
In June 2011, we entered into an agreement with International Space Company Kosmotras, or Kosmotras, as a supplemental
launch service provider for Iridium NEXT. The Kosmotras agreement originally provided for the purchase of up to six
launches with options to purchase additional launches. Each launch can carry two satellites. In June 2013, we exercised an
option for one launch to carry the first two Iridium NEXT satellites. If we do not exercise any additional options, the total
cost under the contract including this single launch will be $51.8 million. As of December 31, 2014, we had made aggregate
payments of $28.8 million to Kosmotras. The option to purchase two dedicated launches expired as of December 31, 2013.
We have agreed with Kosmotras to extend the option to purchase the remaining three dedicated launches through a date to be
determined.
Harris Agreement
In June 2012, Aireon entered into an agreement with Harris Corporation for the design, development and production of the
Aireon payload for each of the planned Iridium NEXT satellites. The Harris agreement does not provide for any guarantee of
payment by us or Iridium Satellite LLC, but we may make available up to $10 million worth of airtime for Aireon to satisfy a
portion of its payments under the Harris agreement in the event that Aireon cannot make such payments. We do not currently
expect Aireon to require these airtime credits.
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Aireon LLC Agreement
On November 19, 2012, Iridium Satellite and Aireon entered into an Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company
Agreement with NAV CANADA, the ANSP of Canada, and a wholly owned subsidiary of NAV CANADA. On February 14,
2014, we entered into a Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, or the Aireon LLC
Agreement, with NAV CANADA; Enav S.p.A., the ANSP of Italy; Naviair, the ANSP of Denmark; Irish Aviation Authority
Limited, the ANSP of Ireland; and wholly owned subsidiaries of NAV CANADA, Enav and Naviair.
Under the Aireon LLC Agreement, NAV CANADA’s subsidiary may acquire up to a 51% interest in Aireon and the other
ANSP investors or their subsidiaries may acquire up to a 24.5% interest, collectively, with Iridium retaining a 24.5% interest.
The Aireon LLC Agreement provides for the purchase by these investors of preferred membership interests in multiple
tranches for an aggregate purchase price of $270 million, of which $195 million has been invested through January 2015.
Each tranche is subject to the satisfaction of various operational, commercial, regulatory and financial conditions. NAV
CANADA’s subsidiary made its first tranche investment of $15 million in November 2012, its second tranche investment of
$40 million in July 2013, and its third tranche investment of an aggregate of $65 million in June 2014 and January 2015, and
has scheduled tranches of an additional $15 million in 2015 and $15 million in 2017. The other ANSP investors made their
first tranche investment of an aggregate of $50 million in February 2014 and their second tranche investment of an aggregate
of $25 million in July 2014 and January 2015, with scheduled tranches of an additional $33 million in 2015 and $12 million
in 2017. Following the completion of the investments by the new investors and NAV CANADA’s subsidiary, Aireon will be
required, if and when funds are available, to redeem a portion of our ownership interest for a payment of $120 million. We
expect this redemption of our ownership interest to occur in 2018.
The Aireon LLC Agreement provides for Aireon to be managed by an eleven-member board of directors. Currently, Iridium
Satellite may nominate four directors, NAV CANADA may nominate four directors, Enav may nominate one director and the
other two investors may together nominate one director. The chief executive officer of Aireon serves as the eleventh director.
Following the final investment tranche, expected in 2017, NAV CANADA will be able to nominate six directors and Iridium
Satellite will be able to nominate two directors, with the remaining nomination rights unchanged. The Aireon LLC
Agreement also provides the minority-interest holders with several protective provisions.
Constellation De-Orbiting Obligations
When Iridium Satellite purchased the assets of Iridium LLC out of bankruptcy, Boeing, Motorola and the U.S. government
required specified de-orbit rights as a way to control potential liability risk arising from future operation of our current
constellation, and to provide for the U.S. government’s obligation to indemnify Motorola pursuant to the Indemnification
Agreement described below. As a result, Iridium Satellite, Boeing, Motorola and the U.S. government entered into the
Indemnification Agreement, as subsequently amended in September 2010, giving the U.S. government the right, in its sole
discretion, to require us to de-orbit our constellation in the event of: (a) Iridium Satellite’s failure to maintain certain insurance
and pay certain insurance premiums; (b) Iridium Satellite’s bankruptcy; (c) Iridium Satellite’s sale or the sale of any major asset
in our satellite system; (d) Boeing’s replacement as the operator of our satellite system; (e) Iridium Satellite’s failure to provide
certain notices as contemplated by the Indemnification Agreement; or (f) at any time after January 1, 2015. Prior to the September
2010 amendment of the Indemnification Agreement, the U.S. government had the right to require us to de-orbit our constellation
at any time after June 5, 2009. Pursuant to the September 2010 amendment, the U.S. government may withdraw its agreement to
postpone the exercise of its de-orbit right: (i) on or after January 1, 2015; (ii) if Iridium Satellite violates any terms of the
Indemnification Agreement or fails to comply with any terms of the September 2010 amendment; (iii) if more than four satellites
have insufficient fuel to execute a 12-month de-orbit; (iv) if Iridium Satellite fails to comply with the de-boost plans; (v) upon a
finding by the FCC, not remedied by Iridium Satellite in the time set forth by the FCC, that Iridium Satellite has failed to comply
with the terms of the Iridium Orbital Debris Mitigation Plan filed with the FCC and then in effect; (vi) upon the cancellation, non-
renewal or refusal to provide any insurance required by the Indemnification Agreement; or (vii) upon the termination or
completion of the current or any successor agreement between Iridium Satellite and the DoD pursuant to which Iridium Satellite
provides mobile satellite services to the DoD. Because it is after January 1, 2015 and because more than four of our satellites
currently have insufficient fuel to execute a 12-month de-orbit, the U.S. government currently has the right to require us to de-
orbit our constellation. In addition, the U.S. government also has the right to require us to de-orbit any of our individual
functioning satellites, including in-orbit spares that have been in orbit for more than seven years, unless the U.S. government
grants a postponement. All of our functioning satellites have been in orbit for more than seven years. We believe the probability
that the U.S. government will exercise these rights is remote.
Motorola Solutions, as successor to Motorola, also has the right to require us to de-orbit our constellation pursuant to the TSA and
pursuant to the O&M Agreement. Under these agreements, Motorola Solutions may require the de-orbit of our constellation upon
the occurrence of any of the following: (a) the bankruptcy of our company, Iridium Holdings, Iridium Constellation LLC or
Iridium Satellite; (b) Iridium Satellite’s breach of the TSA; (c) Boeing’s breach of the O&M Agreement or a related agreement
between Boeing and Motorola Solutions; (d) an order from the U.S. government requiring the de-orbiting of our satellites;
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(e) Motorola Solutions’ determination that changes in law or regulation may require it to incur specified costs relating to the
operation, maintenance, re-orbiting or de-orbiting of our constellation; or (f) our failure to obtain, on commercially reasonable
terms, product liability insurance to cover Motorola Solutions’ position as manufacturer of the satellites, provided the U.S.
government has not agreed to cover what would have otherwise been paid by such policy.
Pursuant to the O&M Agreement, Boeing similarly has the unilateral right to de-orbit our constellation upon the occurrence of
any of the following events: (a) Iridium Constellation’s failure to pay Boeing in accordance with the terms of the O&M
Agreement; (b) Iridium Constellation’s or Iridium Satellite’s bankruptcy; (c) Iridium Constellation’s failure to maintain certain
insurance policies; (d) a default by Iridium Constellation under the O&M Agreement; or (e) changes in law or regulation that may
increase the risks or costs associated with the operation or de-orbit process or the cost of operation or de-orbit of the constellation.
We have certain de-orbit obligations under our FCC licenses. Specifically, pursuant to an orbital debris mitigation plan
incorporated into our FCC satellite constellation license in 2002, we are required to lower each satellite to an orbit with a perigee
of approximately 250 kilometers as it reaches the end of its useful life and to coordinate these orbit-lowering maneuvers with the
United States Space Command. In August 2014, we received a license modification from the FCC permitting us to operate up to
ten satellites pursuant to the less stringent 600 kilometer de-orbit standards for non-geostationary satellites that the FCC
acknowledged in 2004 would serve the public interest and has been utilized for other satellite constellations since that time.
Competition
The mobile satellite services industry is highly competitive but has significant barriers to entry, including the cost and difficulty
associated with obtaining spectrum licenses and successfully building and launching a satellite network. In addition to cost, there is a
significant amount of lead-time associated with obtaining the required licenses, building and launching the satellite constellation and
deploying the ground network technology. We currently face substantial competition from other service providers that offer a range of
mobile and fixed communications options. Currently, our principal mobile satellite services competitors are Inmarsat, Globalstar,
Thuraya Telecommunications Co., or Thuraya, and ORBCOMM. We compete primarily on the basis of coverage, quality, mobility
and pricing of services and products.
Inmarsat owns and operates a fleet of GEO satellites. Unlike LEO satellites, GEO satellites orbit the earth at approximately
22,300 miles above the equator. GEO operators require substantially larger and more expensive antennas, and typically have higher
transmission delays than LEO operators. Due to its GEO system, Inmarsat’s coverage area extends and covers most bodies of water
except for a majority of the polar regions. Inmarsat is the leading provider of satellite communications services to the maritime sector.
Inmarsat also offers land-based and aviation communications services.
Globalstar owns and operates a fleet of LEO satellites. Globalstar’s service is available only on a multi-regional basis as a result of its
“bent pipe” architecture, which requires that voice and data transmissions be routed from satellites immediately to nearby ground
stations. This design requires the use of multiple ground stations, which are impractical in extreme latitudes or over oceans. Unlike
Inmarsat and us, Globalstar sells a higher percentage of its products and services directly to end users. Globalstar has indicated that
satellite failures and other problems affecting its constellation are currently limiting its ability to provide two-way services. Globalstar
completed its most recent launch campaign in February 2013. It has currently arranged to replace only 24 of its original 48 satellites.
ORBCOMM also provides commercial services using a fleet of LEO satellites. Like Globalstar, ORBCOMM’s network also has a
“bent pipe” architecture, which limits its real-time coverage area. ORBCOMM’s principal focus is low-cost data and M2M services,
where it directly competes with our M2M offerings. Because a ground station may not be within view of a satellite, ORBCOMM’s
services may have a significant amount of latency, which may limit their use in some mission-critical applications. It does not offer
voice service or high-speed data services. ORBCOMM is developing its second-generation satellite constellation, which began
launching in 2014.
We also compete with regional mobile satellite communications services in several geographic markets. In these cases, the majority of
our competitors’ customers require regional, not global, mobile voice and data services, so our competitors may present a viable
alternative to our services. All of these competitors operate or plan to operate GEO satellites. Our regional mobile satellite services
competitors currently include Thuraya, principally in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Australia and several countries in Asia.
While we view our services as largely complementary to terrestrial wireline and wireless communications networks, we also compete
with them indirectly. We provide service in areas that are inadequately covered by these ground systems. To the extent that terrestrial
communications companies invest in underdeveloped areas, we will face increased competition in those areas. We believe that local
telephone companies currently are reluctant to invest in new switches, landlines and cellular towers to expand their networks in rural
and remote areas due to high costs and limited usage. Many of the underdeveloped areas are sparsely populated, making it difficult to
generate the necessary returns on the capital expenditures required to build terrestrial wireless networks in those areas. We believe
that our solutions offer a cost-effective and reliable alternative to terrestrial-based wireline and wireless systems in these remote
regions.
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Research and Development
Our research and development efforts have focused on the development, design and testing of new products and services, such as
Iridium Burst and Iridium Pilot Land Station, each introduced in February 2014, Iridium GO!, introduced in July 2014, and the
planning and development of the Iridium NEXT constellation, ground infrastructure and chipsets. We also develop product and
service enhancements and new applications for our existing products and services. Our research and development expenses were
$17.6 million, $11.1 million and $15.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Employees
As of December 31, 2014, we had 233 full-time employees, none of whom is subject to any collective bargaining agreement. We
consider our employee relations to be good.
Intellectual Property
At December 31, 2014, we held eight U.S. patents and one foreign patent. These patents cover several aspects of our satellite system,
our global network and our devices.
In addition to our owned intellectual property, we also license critical system technology from Motorola Solutions, including software
and systems to operate and maintain our network as well as technical information for the design and manufacture of our devices. This
intellectual property is essential to our ability to continue to operate our constellation and sell our handsets. We also have licensed
technology from Motorola Solutions relating to the development and operation of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure,
products and services. We maintain our licenses with Motorola Solutions pursuant to several agreements, which can be terminated by
Motorola Solutions upon the commencement by or against us of any bankruptcy proceeding or other specified liquidation proceedings
or upon our material failure to perform or comply with any provision of the agreements. If Motorola Solutions were to terminate any
such agreement, it may be difficult or, under certain circumstances, impossible to obtain the technology from alternative vendors.
Motorola Solutions has assigned to a third party a portion of the patents that are covered by some of these licenses.
We license additional system technology from other third parties and expect to do so in the future both in connection with our current
network, products and services and with the development and operation of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure, products
and services. If any such third party were to terminate its agreement with us or cease to support and service this technology, or if we
are unable to renew such licenses on commercially reasonable terms or at all, it may be difficult, more expensive or impossible to
obtain those services from alternative vendors. Any substitute technology may also have lower quality or performance standards,
which would adversely affect the quality of our products and services. For more information, see “Risk Factors—We are dependent
on intellectual property licensed from third parties to operate our constellation and sell our devices and for the enhancement of our
existing products and services.”
Available Information
Copies of our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments, if any, to
those reports filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available free of charge
through our website at www.iridium.com and on the website of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, at www.sec.gov. A
request for any of these reports may also be submitted to us by writing: Investor Relations, Iridium Communications Inc., 1750
Tysons Boulevard, Suite 1400, McLean, VA 22102, or by calling our Investor Relations line at 703-287-7570.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
Our business plan depends on increased demand for mobile satellite services, among other factors.
Our business plan is predicated on growth in demand for mobile satellite services. Demand for mobile satellite services may not grow,
or may even contract, either generally or in particular geographic markets, for particular types of services or during particular time
periods. A lack of demand could impair our ability to sell products and services, develop and successfully market new products and
services and could exert downward pressure on prices. Any decline in prices would decrease our revenue and profitability and
negatively affect our ability to generate cash for capital expenditures, investments and other working capital needs.
Our ability to successfully implement our business plan will also depend on a number of other factors, including:
•
•
•
our ability to maintain the health, capacity and control of our existing satellite constellation;
our ability to complete the design, build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure, products and
services, and, once launched, our ability to maintain the health, capacity and control of the new satellite constellation;
the level of market acceptance and demand for our products and services;
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
our ability to introduce innovative new products and services that satisfy market demand, including new service
offerings on Iridium NEXT;
our ability to expand our business using our existing spectrum resources both in the United States and internationally;
our ability to sell our products and services in additional countries;
our ability to maintain our relationship with U.S. government customers, particularly the DoD;
the ability of our distributors to market and distribute our products, services and applications effectively and their
continued development of innovative and improved solutions and applications for our products and services;
the effectiveness of our competitors in developing and offering similar services and products; and
our ability to maintain competitive prices for our products and services and to control our costs.
Our business plan depends in large part on the success of our subsidiary, Aireon LLC, which is our primary hosted payload
customer.
In June 2012, we announced our plans to host a payload being developed by our subsidiary, Aireon LLC, as our primary hosted
payload on Iridium NEXT. We currently expect to rely on the cash flows generated from this hosted-payload arrangement with
Aireon to satisfy a portion of our capital requirements for the development and deployment of Iridium NEXT. Aireon’s payload will
be a satellite-based automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast, or ADS-B, system for global air traffic monitoring, and Aireon’s
success will depend on its ability to successfully develop and manufacture this system. Deploying an ADS-B system on satellites is a
new and unproven method for providing this service and will require significant technological development. Aireon will need to
complete the development and manufacture of its ADS-B payloads in time to include them on our Iridium NEXT satellites, which we
expect to begin launching in the second half of 2015.
In addition, Aireon’s ability to make timely payment to us of its hosting fees will depend on the development of the market for a
space-based ADS-B service among air navigation service providers, or ANSPs, particularly the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration,
or FAA. Aireon does not have a contract with the FAA to provide ADS-B services, and there can be no assurance that it will be
successful in securing such a contract. The FAA’s financial commitment to Aireon to date has been limited to a $10 million contract
for assistance in its analysis of space-based ADS-B, and no funds have been allocated by the FAA for a larger Aireon commitment. If
Aireon is not successful in entering into a contract with the FAA for the provision of ADS-B services, it may not be able to make its
hosting reimbursement payments to us when we currently anticipate or at all.
Aireon will itself require significant additional capital to complete the successful development, deployment and operation of its
system. The Aireon LLC Agreement provides for the purchase by NAV CANADA Satellite and three other ANSP investors of
additional membership interests in multiple tranches through late 2017 for an aggregate investment of up to $270 million, of which
$195 million has been funded through January 2015. Each tranche, however, is subject to the satisfaction of various operational,
commercial, regulatory and financial conditions, some of which will be out of our control, and the investors have significant
discretion in the determination of whether those conditions have been met.
The management of Aireon is not within our control given that we only have rights to appoint a minority of the members of the
Aireon board of directors, as well as significant veto rights and other protective provisions provided to NAV CANADA and the other
investors. As a result, we may not be able to cause Aireon to take actions that we believe are necessary for its ultimate success.
If Aireon is unable to pay its hosting reimbursement costs, our ability to pursue our business plan would be compromised unless we
were able to replace those amounts with capital from other sources. In addition, Aireon’s failure to pay our data fees and make the
anticipated redemption of a portion of our equity interest would negatively affect our expected future results of operations.
We may need additional capital to design, build and launch Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure, products and
services, and to pursue additional growth opportunities. If we fail to maintain access to sufficient capital, we will not be able to
successfully implement our business plan.
Our business plan calls for the development of Iridium NEXT, the development of new product and service offerings, upgrades to our
current services, hardware and software upgrades to maintain our ground infrastructure and upgrades to our business systems. We
estimate the costs associated with the design, build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure upgrades through
2017 to be approximately $3 billion. Our funding plan for these costs includes the substantial majority of the funds available under
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our $1.8 billion Credit Facility, together with cash on hand and internally generated cash flows, including potential cash flows from
hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME. Our ability to continue to make draws under the Credit Facility will depend upon our
satisfaction of the borrowing conditions provided for in the Credit Facility at the time of the borrowing, some of which will be outside
of our control. For more information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations—Credit Facility”.
There can also be no assurance that our internally generated cash flows will meet our current expectations, or that we will not
encounter increased costs. For example, Aireon may be unable to pay its hosting reimbursement costs, and the market for Iridium
PRIME may not develop as we expect. If internally generated cash flows, including potential cash from Aireon or Iridium PRIME, are
less than we expect, we might need to finance the remaining cost of Iridium NEXT by raising additional debt or equity financing. In
addition, we may need additional capital to design and launch new products and services on Iridium NEXT. Such additional financing
may not be available on favorable terms, or at all.
If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows or to raise additional capital for one or more of these needs, our ability to maintain
our network, design, build and launch Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure, develop new products and services and pursue
additional growth opportunities will be impaired, which would significantly limit the development of our business and impair our
ability to provide a commercially acceptable level of service. We may experience overall liquidity levels lower than our recent
liquidity levels. Inadequate liquidity could compromise our ability to pursue our business plans and growth opportunities and make
borrowings under the Credit Facility, delay the ultimate deployment of Iridium NEXT or otherwise impair our business and financial
position.
If we fail to satisfy the ongoing borrowing conditions of the Credit Facility, we may be unable to fund Iridium NEXT.
We plan to use borrowings under the Credit Facility to partially fund the construction of our Iridium NEXT satellites, including
borrowing to capitalize interest otherwise due under the Credit Facility. Our ability to continue to draw funds under the Credit Facility
over time will depend on the satisfaction of borrowing conditions at the time of each draw, including:
•
•
•
compliance with the covenants under the Credit Facility, including financial covenants and covenants relating to hosted
payloads and launch and in-orbit insurance;
accuracy of the representations we make under the Credit Facility;
compliance with the other terms of the Credit Facility, including the absence of events of default; and
• maintenance of the insurance policy with COFACE.
Some of these borrowing conditions may be outside of our control or otherwise difficult to satisfy. If we do not continue to satisfy
those and other borrowing conditions under the Credit Facility and cannot obtain a waiver from the lenders, we would need to find
other sources of financing. We would have to seek the permission of the lenders under the Credit Facility in order to obtain many
alternative sources of financing, and there can be no assurance that we would have access to other sources of financing on acceptable
terms, or at all.
If we default under the Credit Facility, the lenders may require immediate repayment in full of amounts borrowed or foreclose on
our assets.
The Credit Facility contains events of default, including:
•
•
•
•
•
•
non-compliance with the covenants under the Credit Facility, including financial covenants and covenants relating to
hosted payloads and launch and in-orbit insurance;
cross-default with other indebtedness;
insolvency of any obligor under the Credit Facility;
revocation of the COFACE insurance policy;
failure to maintain our current satellite constellation or complete Iridium NEXT by a specified time; and
a determination by the lenders that we have experienced a material adverse change in our business.
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Some of these events of default are outside of our control or otherwise difficult to satisfy. If we experience an event of default, the
lenders may require repayment in full of all principal and interest outstanding under the Credit Facility. It is unlikely we would have
adequate funds to repay such amounts prior to the scheduled maturity of the Credit Facility. If we fail to repay such amounts, the
lenders may foreclose on the assets we have pledged under the Credit Facility, which includes substantially all of our assets and those
of our domestic subsidiaries.
The Credit Facility restricts the manner in which we may operate our business, which may prevent us from successfully
implementing our business plan.
The Credit Facility contains restrictions on the operation of our business, including limits on our ability to:
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carry out mergers and acquisitions;
dispose of, or grant liens on, our assets;
enter into transactions with our affiliates;
pay dividends or make distributions to our stockholders;
incur indebtedness;
prepay indebtedness; and
• make loans, guarantees or indemnities.
The Credit Facility also prohibits us from paying dividends to holders of our preferred stock, including our Series A Preferred Stock
and Series B Preferred Stock, if we are unable to certify that we anticipate being able to comply with the financial covenants of the
Credit Facility for the next twelve months each time we declare a dividend. If we are unable to make that certification, we will not be
able to pay the dividends on our outstanding preferred stock. If we do not pay dividends on our preferred stock for six quarterly
periods (whether or not consecutive), the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock collectively will have
the power to elect two members of our board of directors. The interests of the holders of our preferred stock may differ from those of
our other stockholders. In addition, any dividend we fail to pay will accrue, and the holders of our Series A Preferred Stock and Series
B Preferred Stock will be entitled to a preferential distribution of the original purchase price per share plus all accrued and unpaid
dividends before any distribution may be made to holders of our common stock in connection with any liquidation event.
Complying with these restrictions may cause us to take actions that are not favorable to holders of our common stock and may make it
more difficult for us to successfully execute our business plan and compete against companies who are not subject to such restrictions.
If we are unable to effectively develop and deploy Iridium NEXT before our current satellite constellation ceases to provide a
commercially acceptable level of service, our business will suffer.
We are currently developing Iridium NEXT, which we expect to commence launching in the second half of 2015. While we expect
our current satellite constellation to provide a commercially acceptable level of service through the transition to Iridium NEXT, we
cannot guarantee it will do so. If we are unable to effectively deploy Iridium NEXT for any reason, whether as a result of insufficient
funds, manufacturing or launch delays, launch failures, in-orbit satellite failures, inability to achieve or maintain orbital placement,
failure of the satellites to perform as expected, interference between any hosted payload and our network, or delays in receiving
regulatory approvals or otherwise, before our current constellation ceases to provide a commercially acceptable level of service, or if
we experience backward compatibility problems with our new constellation once deployed, we would likely lose customers and
business opportunities to our competitors, resulting in a potentially material decline in revenue and profitability and the inability to
service our debt.
Iridium NEXT may not be completed on time, and the costs associated with it may be greater than expected.
We estimate that the costs associated with the design, build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure upgrades
through 2017 will be approximately $3 billion, although our actual costs could substantially exceed this estimate. We may not
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complete Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure on time, on budget or at all. We have delayed our first launch, originally
scheduled for the first quarter of 2015, to the second half of 2015 because of delays in software development by our satellite
manufacturer, and we may experience further delays. The design, manufacture and launch of satellite systems are highly complex and
historically have been subject to delays and cost overruns. Development of Iridium NEXT may suffer from additional delays,
interruptions or increased costs due to many factors, some of which may be beyond our control, including:
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lower than anticipated internally generated cash flows, including from Aireon and other hosted payloads;
the failure to maintain our ability to make draws under the Credit Facility, including by reason of our failure to satisfy
any ongoing financial or other condition to making draws;
operating and other requirements imposed by the lenders under the Credit Facility;
our and Thales’s ability to design and manufacture the Iridium NEXT satellites on time and on budget, including issues
that might be found late in the process, for example during systems-level testing and final satellite qualification;
interference between any hosted payload and our network;
complex integration of our ground segment with the Iridium NEXT satellites and the transition from our current
constellation;
denial or delays in receipt of regulatory approvals or non-compliance with conditions imposed by regulatory authorities;
the breakdown or failure of equipment or systems;
non-performance by third-party contractors, including the prime system contractor;
the inability to license necessary technology on commercially reasonable terms or at all;
use of the SpaceX launch vehicle, which has a limited operating history, or the failure of SpaceX to sustain its business;
launch delays or failures or in-orbit satellite failures once launched or the decision to manufacture additional
replacement satellites for future launches;
labor disputes or disruptions in labor productivity or the unavailability of skilled labor;
increases in the costs of materials;
changes in project scope;
additional requirements imposed by changes in laws; or
severe weather or catastrophic events, such as fires, earthquakes or storms.
If the design, manufacture and deployment of Iridium NEXT costs more or takes longer than we anticipate, our ability to continue to
develop Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure could be compromised.
Our Iridium NEXT launch strategy includes an initial launch using a Russian launch services provider, which could be
jeopardized by instability in the region or diplomatic sanctions, and in turn could result in a delay to our initial launch and
additional launch and insurance costs.
Our strategy to launch our 72 Iridium NEXT satellites includes a planned first launch in the second half of 2015 of two satellites on a
Dnepr rocket under contract with International Space Company Kosmotras, or Kosmotras, a Russian launch services provider, with
the remaining 70 satellites to be launched on seven Falcon 9 rockets under contract with Space Exploration Technologies Corporation,
or SpaceX. Many of Kosmotras’ operations are in Ukraine, a country that has recently experienced significant political instability. If
we cannot launch the first two satellites as planned, our first launch would likely be of ten satellites on the first of our SpaceX
launches, which launch out of the United States and would be unaffected by the delay. The loss of the ability to launch two satellites
and test them before launching the next ten satellites would increase our insurance costs, and any alternative launch strategy for the
first two satellites would likely increase our launch costs.
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Loss of any Iridium NEXT satellite during launch or delays in our launch schedule could delay or impair our ability to offer our
services or increase our costs.
The launch of our Iridium NEXT satellites will be subject to the inherent risk of launch failures, which could result in the loss or
destruction of one or more satellites. We have entered into our launch services agreement with SpaceX, pursuant to which SpaceX
will provide launch services to us in connection with our deployment of Iridium NEXT. The SpaceX agreement contemplates seven
launches of ten satellites each on SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket over a two-year period. SpaceX is a rapidly growing company in a
technically complicated industry and is working to meet an aggressive launch manifest. A failure by SpaceX to maintain its launch
schedule could expose us to delay or the need to utilize an alternate launch services provider, which could substantially increase our
launch costs. We have also entered into a launch services agreement with Kosmotras pursuant to which Kosmotras will provide
supplemental or alternative launch services for Iridium NEXT. We have exercised an option to have Kosmotras launch the first two
Iridium NEXT satellites. The use of Kosmotras to replace one or more of the contemplated SpaceX launches would increase our
launch costs.
We do not maintain in-orbit insurance covering our losses from satellite failures or other operational problems affecting our
current constellation, and we may not be able to obtain the launch and in-orbit insurance for Iridium NEXT required by the Credit
Facility.
We do not maintain in-orbit insurance covering losses that might arise as a result of a satellite failure or other operational problems
affecting our constellation. The terms of the Credit Facility, however, require us to obtain and maintain such insurance for the Iridium
NEXT satellites for a period of 12 months after launch, as well as launch insurance. The amount of coverage we are seeking to place
is large, our coverage requirements are complex, and the market for launch and in-orbit insurance is limited. We have placed only a
portion of coverage for the full launch program to date, and we are currently in discussions with prospective insurers and with our
lenders regarding the structure of our planned coverage. If we are not able to obtain launch and in-orbit insurance on the terms
required by the Credit Facility or at an acceptable price, we would be required to obtain a waiver under the Credit Facility. Our
lenders may be unwilling to grant such a waiver, which would trigger an event of default under the Credit Facility, giving our lenders
the right to accelerate repayment of all outstanding borrowings. Even if we obtain the required launch and in-orbit insurance, the
coverage may not be sufficient to compensate us for satellite failures and other operational problems affecting our satellites, as it may
either contain large deductible amounts or provide reimbursement only after a specified number of satellite failures. As a result, a
failure of one or more of our satellites or the occurrence of equipment failures and other related problems could constitute an
uninsured loss and could harm our financial condition. Furthermore, launch insurance does not cover lost revenue. For more
information on our launch and in-orbit insurance plans, see “Our Network – Iridium NEXT,” above.
Our satellites have a limited life and may fail prematurely, which would cause our network to be compromised and materially and
adversely affect our business, prospects and profitability.
Since we introduced commercial services in 2001, we have experienced twelve satellite losses, most recently in August 2014. Eleven
of our satellites have failed in orbit, which has resulted in either the complete loss of the affected satellites or the loss of the ability of
the satellite to carry traffic on the network, and one satellite was lost as a result of a collision with a non-operational Russian satellite.
Also, our satellites have already exceeded their original design lives. While actual useful life typically exceeds original design life, the
useful lives of our satellites may be shorter than we expect, and additional satellites may fail or collide with space debris or other
satellites in the future. Although to date we have had an in-orbit spare available to replace each lost satellite, if we experience a failure
in an orbital plane other than a plane in which we have a spare, we do not expect to replace the failure until we have an Iridium NEXT
satellite available to do so. As a result, while we expect our current constellation to provide a commercially acceptable level of service
through the transition to Iridium NEXT, we cannot guarantee it will be able to do so. In-orbit failure may result from various causes,
including component failure, loss of power or fuel, inability to control positioning of the satellite, solar or other astronomical events,
including solar radiation and flares, and space debris. Other factors that could affect the useful lives of our satellites include the
quality of construction, gradual degradation of solar panels and the durability of components. Radiation-induced failure of satellite
components may result in damage to or loss of a satellite before the end of its expected life. As our constellation has aged, some of
our satellites have experienced individual component failures affecting their coverage or transmission capacity, and other satellites
may experience such failures in the future, which could adversely affect the reliability of their service or result in total failure of the
satellite. As a result, fewer than 66 of our current in-orbit satellites are fully functioning at any time. Although we do not incur any
direct cash costs related to the failure of a satellite, if a satellite fails, we record an impairment charge in our statement of operations to
reduce the remaining net book value of that satellite to zero, and any such impairment charges could significantly depress our net
income for the period in which the failure occurs.
From time to time, we are advised by our customers and end users of temporary intermittent losses of signal cutting off calls in
progress, preventing completions of calls when made or disrupting the transmission of data. If the magnitude or frequency of such
problems increase and we are no longer able to provide a commercially acceptable level of service, our business and financial results
and our reputation would be hurt and our ability to pursue our business plan would be compromised.
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We may be required in the future to make further changes to our constellation to maintain or improve its performance. Any such
changes may require prior Federal Communications Commission, or FCC, approval, and the FCC may subject the approval to other
conditions that could be unfavorable to our business. In addition, from time to time we may reposition our satellites within the
constellation in order to optimize our service, which could result in degraded service during the repositioning period. Although we
have some ability to remedy some types of problems affecting the performance of our satellites remotely from the ground, the
physical repair of our satellites in space is not feasible.
Our agreements with U.S. government customers, particularly the DoD, which represent a significant portion of our revenue, are
subject to termination.
The U.S. government, through a dedicated gateway owned and operated by the DoD, has been and continues to be, directly and
indirectly, our largest customer, representing 21% and 19% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013,
respectively. We provide the majority of our services to the U.S. government pursuant to our Gateway Maintenance and Support
Services, or GMSS, and EMSS contracts. We entered into these contracts in September 2013 and October 2013, respectively. The
GMSS contract provides for a one-year base term and up to four additional one-year options exercisable at the election of the U.S.
government, one of which has been exercised so far, and the EMSS contract provides for a five-year term. The U.S. government may
terminate these agreements, in whole or in part, at any time for its convenience. If the U.S. government terminates either of the
agreements or decides not to exercise options under the GMSS agreement, we would lose a significant portion of our revenue.
We are dependent on intellectual property licensed from third parties to operate our constellation and sell our devices and for the
enhancement of our existing products and services.
We license critical system technology, including software and systems, to operate and maintain our network as well as technical
information for the design, manufacture and sale of our devices. This intellectual property is essential to our ability to continue to
operate our constellation and sell our services, handsets and data devices. In addition, we are dependent on third parties to develop
enhancements to our current products and services even in circumstances where we own the intellectual property. If any third-party
owner of such intellectual property were to terminate any license agreement with us or cease to support and service this technology or
perform development on our behalf, or if we are unable to renew such licenses on commercially reasonable terms or at all, it may be
difficult, more expensive or impossible to obtain such services from alternative vendors. Any substitute technology may also be costly
to develop and integrate, or could have lower quality or performance standards, which would adversely affect the quality of our
products and services. In connection with the design, manufacture and operation of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure
and the development of new products and services to be offered on Iridium NEXT, we may be required to obtain additional
intellectual property rights from third parties. We can offer no assurance that we will be able to obtain such intellectual property rights
on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to obtain such intellectual property rights on commercially reasonable
terms, we may not be able to complete Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure on budget or at all or may not be able to
develop new products and services to be offered on Iridium NEXT.
Our products could fail to perform or could perform at reduced levels of service because of technological malfunctions or
deficiencies or events outside of our control, which would seriously harm our business and reputation.
Our products and services are subject to the risks inherent in a large-scale, complex telecommunications system employing advanced
technology. Any disruption to our satellites, services, information systems or telecommunications infrastructure could result in the
inability of our customers to receive our services for an indeterminate period of time. These customers include government agencies
conducting mission-critical work throughout the world, as well as consumers and businesses located in remote areas of the world and
operating under harsh environmental conditions where traditional telecommunications services may not be readily available. Any
disruption to our services or extended periods of reduced levels of service could cause us to lose customers or revenue, result in delays
or cancellations of future implementations of our products and services, result in failure to attract customers or result in litigation,
customer service or repair work that would involve substantial costs and distract management from operating our business. The failure
of any of the diverse elements of our system, including our satellites, our commercial gateway, our satellite teleport network facilities
or our satellite network operations center, to function as required could render our system unable to perform at the quality and
capacity levels required for success. Any system failures, repeated product failures or shortened product life or extended reduced
levels of service could reduce our sales, increase costs or result in warranty or liability claims or litigation, cause us to extend our
warranty period and seriously harm our business.
As our product portfolio expands, our failure to manage growth effectively could impede our ability to execute our business plan,
and we may experience increased costs or disruption in our operations.
We currently face a variety of challenges, including maintaining the infrastructure and systems necessary for us to manage the growth
of our business. As our product portfolio continues to expand, the responsibilities of our management team and other company
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resources also grow. Consequently, we may further strain our management and other company resources with the increased
complexities and administrative burdens associated with a larger, more complex product portfolio. For example, we have in the past
experienced quality issues in connection with the introduction of new products and services, and we may experience such issues in the
future. Our failure to meet these challenges as a result of insufficient management or other resources could significantly impede our
ability to execute our business plan, which relies in part on our ability to leverage our largely fixed-cost infrastructure. To properly
manage our growth, we may need to hire and retain additional personnel, upgrade our existing operational management and financial
and reporting systems, and improve our business processes and controls. Failure to effectively manage the expansion of our product
portfolio in a cost-effective manner could result in declines in product and service quality and customer satisfaction, disruption of our
operations, or increased costs, which would reduce our ability to expand our margins as we expect.
As we and our distributors expand our offerings to include more consumer-oriented devices, we are more likely to be subject to
product liability claims, recalls or litigation, which could adversely affect our business and financial performance.
Through our network of distributors, we offer several products and services aimed at individual consumers, and we and our
distributors continue to introduce additional products and services. These products and services, such as satellite handsets, personal
locator devices and location-based services, may be used in isolated and dangerous locations, including emergency response
situations, and users who suffer property damage, personal injury or death while using the product or service may seek to assert
claims or bring lawsuits against us. We seek to limit our exposure to such claims through appropriate disclosures, indemnification
provisions and disclaimers, but these steps may not be effective. We also maintain product liability insurance, but this insurance may
not cover any particular claim or litigation, or the amount of insurance may be inadequate to cover the claims brought against us.
Product liability insurance could become more expensive and difficult to maintain and might not be available on acceptable terms or
at all. In addition, it is possible that our products would become the subject of a product recall as a result of a product defect. We do
not maintain recall insurance, so any recall could have a significant effect on our financial results. In addition to the direct expenses of
product liability claims, recalls and litigation, a claim, recall or litigation might cause us adverse publicity, which could harm our
reputation and compromise our ability to sell our products in the future.
The collection, storage, transmission, use and disclosure of user data and personal information could give rise to liabilities or
additional costs as a result of laws, governmental regulations and evolving views of personal privacy rights.
We transmit, and in some cases store, end user data, including personal information. In jurisdictions around the world, the
transmission and storage of personal information is becoming increasingly subject to legislation and regulations intended to protect
consumers’ privacy and security. The interpretation of privacy and data protection laws and regulations regarding the collection,
storage, transmission, use and disclosure of such information in some jurisdictions is unclear and evolving. These laws may be
interpreted, applied and enforced in conflicting ways from country to country and in a manner that is not consistent with our current
data protection practices. Complying with these varying international requirements could cause us to incur additional costs and change
our business practices. Because our services are accessible in many foreign jurisdictions, some of these jurisdictions may claim that
we are required to comply with their laws, even where we have no local entity, employees or infrastructure. We could face a variety of
enforcement actions or government inquiries or be forced to incur significant expenses if we were required to modify our products,
our services or our existing security and privacy procedures in order to comply with new or expanded regulations.
In addition, if end users allege that their personal information is not collected, stored, transmitted, used or disclosed appropriately or
in accordance with our privacy policies or applicable laws, we could have liability to them, including claims and litigation resulting
from such allegations. Any failure on our part to protect end users’ privacy and data could result in a loss of user confidence, hurt our
reputation and ultimately result in the loss of users.
Our satellites may collide with space debris or another spacecraft, which could adversely affect the performance of our
constellation.
In February 2009, we lost an operational satellite as a result of a collision with a non-operational Russian satellite. Although we have
some ability to actively maneuver our satellites to avoid potential collisions with space debris or other spacecraft, this ability is limited
by, among other factors, uncertainties and inaccuracies in the projected orbit location of and predicted conjunctions with debris
objects tracked and cataloged by the U.S. government. Additionally, some space debris is too small to be tracked and therefore its
orbital location is completely unknown; nevertheless, this debris is still large enough to potentially cause severe damage or a failure of
our satellites should a collision occur. If our constellation experiences additional satellite collisions with space debris or other
spacecraft, our service could be impaired.
The space debris created by the February 2009 satellite collision may cause damage to other spacecraft positioned in a similar
orbital altitude.
The 2009 collision of one of our satellites with a non-operational Russian satellite created a space debris field concentrated in the
orbital altitude where the collision occurred, and thus increased the risk of space debris damaging or interfering with the operation of
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our satellites, which travel in this orbital altitude, as well as satellites owned by third parties, such as U.S. or foreign governments or
agencies and other satellite operators. Although there are tools used by us and providers of tracking services, such as the U.S. Joint
Space Operations Center, to detect, track and identify space debris, we or third parties may not be able to maneuver the satellites away
from such debris in a timely manner. Any such collision could potentially expose us to significant losses and liability if we were
found to be at fault.
If we experience operational disruptions with respect to our commercial gateway or operations center, we may not be able to
provide service to our customers.
Our commercial satellite network traffic is supported by a gateway in Tempe, Arizona, and we operate our satellite constellation from
our satellite network operations center in Leesburg, Virginia. Currently, we do not have a backup facility for our gateway, and both
facilities are subject to the risk of significant malfunctions or catastrophic loss due to unanticipated events and would be difficult to
replace or repair and could require substantial lead-time to do so. Material changes in the operation of these facilities may be subject
to prior FCC approval, and the FCC might not give such approval or may subject the approval to other conditions that could be
unfavorable to our business. Our gateway and operations center may also experience service shutdowns or periods of reduced service
in the future as a result of equipment failure, delays in deliveries or regulatory issues. Any such failure would impede our ability to
provide service to our customers.
We may be negatively affected by current global economic conditions.
Our operations and performance depend significantly on worldwide economic conditions. Uncertainty about current global economic
conditions poses a risk as individual consumers, businesses and governments may postpone spending in response to tighter credit,
negative financial news, declines in income or asset values or budgetary constraints. Reduced demand would cause a decline in our
revenue and make it more difficult for us to operate profitably, potentially compromising our ability to pursue our business plan.
While we expect the number of our subscribers and revenue to continue to grow, we expect the future growth rate will be slower than
our historical growth and may not continue in every quarter of every year. We expect our future growth rate will be affected by the
sluggish global economy, increased competition, maturation of the satellite communications industry and the difficulty in sustaining
high growth rates as we increase in size. Any substantial appreciation of the U.S. dollar may also negatively affect our growth by
increasing the cost of our products and services in foreign countries.
If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis
could be impaired.
We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-
Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and the rules and regulations of the SEC and The NASDAQ Global
Select Market. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures
and internal controls over financial reporting. We perform system and process evaluation and testing of our internal controls over
financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting in our Annual
Reports on Form 10-K, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. If we are not able to comply with the requirements of
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner, or if we are unable to maintain proper and effective internal controls, we
may not be able to produce timely and accurate financial statements, and we may conclude that our internal controls over financial
reporting are not effective. If that were to happen, the market price of our stock could decline and we could be subject to sanctions or
investigations by The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the SEC or other regulatory authorities.
Maintaining effective internal controls over financial reporting is necessary for us to produce reliable financial statements. In
connection with the preparation of our quarterly report for the three months ended September 30, 2012, management discovered an
error caused by a previously existing material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting relating to accounting for income
taxes. This material weakness led to the need for the restatement of our financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2009,
2010 and 2011 and for the quarters ended December 31, 2009 through December 31, 2011. If we fail to maintain effective controls
over financial reporting in the future, it could result in a material misstatement of our financial statements that would not be prevented
or detected on a timely basis and which could cause investors and other users to lose confidence in our financial statements.
We could lose market share and revenue as a result of increasing competition from companies in the wireless communications
industry, including cellular and other satellite operators, and from the extension of land-based communications services.
We face intense competition in all of our markets, which could result in a loss of customers and lower revenue and make it more
difficult for us to enter new markets. We compete primarily on the basis of coverage, quality, portability and pricing of services and
products.
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The provision of satellite-based services and products is subject to downward price pressure when capacity exceeds demand or as a
result of aggressive discounting by some operators under financial pressure to expand their respective market share. In addition, we
may face competition from new competitors, new technologies or new equipment. For example, we may face competition for our
land-based services in the United States from incipient ancillary terrestrial component, or ATC, service providers who are designing a
satellite operating business and a terrestrial component around their spectrum holdings. In addition, some of our competitors have
announced plans for the launch of additional satellites. As a result of competition, we may not be able to successfully retain our
existing customers and attract new customers.
In addition to our satellite-based competitors, terrestrial voice and data service providers, both wireline and wireless, could further
expand into rural and remote areas and provide the same general types of services and products that we provide through our satellite-
based system. Although satellite communications services and terrestrial communications services are not perfect substitutes, the two
compete in some markets and for some services. Consumers generally perceive terrestrial wireless voice communication products and
services as cheaper and more convenient than those that are satellite-based. Many of our terrestrial competitors have greater resources,
wider name recognition and newer technologies than we do. In addition, industry consolidation could hurt us by increasing the scale
or scope of our competitors, thereby making it more difficult for us to compete.
Some of the hardware and software we use in operating our gateway was designed and manufactured over ten years ago, and
portions are becoming more difficult and expensive to service, upgrade or replace.
Some of the hardware and software we use in operating our gateway was designed and manufactured over ten years ago, and portions
are becoming obsolete. As they continue to age, they may become less reliable and will be more difficult and expensive to service,
upgrade or replace. Although we maintain inventories of some spare parts, it nonetheless may be difficult or impossible to obtain all
necessary replacement parts for the hardware. Our business plan contemplates updating or replacing some of the hardware and
software in our network, but the age of our existing hardware and software may present us with technical and operational challenges
that complicate or otherwise make it infeasible to carry out our planned upgrades and replacements, and the expenditure of resources,
both from a monetary and human capital perspective, may exceed our estimates. If we are not able to suitably upgrade and replace our
equipment, obsolescence of the technologies that we use could hurt our ability to provide our services and therefore to generate
revenue.
Rapid and significant technological changes in the satellite communications industry may impair our competitive position and
require us to make significant additional capital expenditures.
The satellite communications industry is subject to rapid advances and innovations in technology. We may face competition in the
future from companies using new technologies and new satellite systems. New technology could render our system obsolete or less
competitive by satisfying customer demand in more attractive ways or through the introduction of incompatible standards. Particular
technological developments that could adversely affect us include the deployment by our competitors of new satellites with greater
power, flexibility, efficiency or capabilities than our current constellation or Iridium NEXT, as well as continuing improvements in
terrestrial wireless technologies. For us to keep up with technological changes and remain competitive, we may need to make
significant capital expenditures, including capital to design and launch new products and services on Iridium NEXT. Customer
acceptance of the products and services that we offer will continually be affected by technology-based differences in our product and
service offerings compared to those of our competitors. New technologies may also be protected by patents or other intellectual
property laws and therefore may not be available to us. Any failure on our part to implement new technology within our system may
compromise our ability to compete.
Use by our competitors of L-band spectrum for terrestrial services could interfere with our services.
In February 2003, the FCC adopted ATC rules that permit satellite service providers to establish terrestrial wireless networks in
previously satellite-only bands, subject to certain requirements intended to ensure that terrestrial services remain ancillary to primary
satellite operations. In November 2012, Globalstar, Inc. filed a petition for rulemaking, asking the FCC to permit it to provide
terrestrial service in L-band spectrum and to eliminate the requirements for primary satellite operations, which we are opposing. The
implementation of ATC services by satellite service providers in the United States or other countries may result in increased
competition for the right to use L-band spectrum in the 1.6 gigahertz band, which we use to provide our services, and such
competition may make it difficult for us to obtain or retain the spectrum resources we require for our existing and future services. In
addition, the FCC’s decision to permit ATC services was based on assumptions relating to the level of interference that the provision
of ATC services would likely cause to other satellite service providers that use the L-band spectrum. If the FCC’s assumptions prove
inaccurate, or the level of ATC services provided exceeds those estimated by the FCC, ATC services could interfere with our satellites
and devices, which may adversely affect our services. Outside the United States, other countries have implemented or are considering
implementing regulations to facilitate ATC-like services.
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Our networks and those of our third-party service providers may be vulnerable to security risks.
We expect the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks to continue to be a critical element of our ability
to compete for business and protect our customers and our reputation. Our network and those of our third-party service providers and
our customers may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses and other security problems. Persons who circumvent
security measures could wrongfully obtain or use information on the network or cause interruptions, delays or malfunctions in our
operations, any of which could harm our reputation, cause demand for our products and services to fall and compromise our ability to
pursue our business plans. Recently, there have been reported a number of significant, widespread security breaches that have
compromised network integrity for many companies and governmental agencies, in some cases reportedly originating from outside
the United States. In addition, there are reportedly private products available in the market today which attempt to unlawfully
intercept communications made on our network. We may be required to expend significant resources to protect against the threat of
security breaches or to alleviate problems, including reputational harm and litigation, caused by any breaches. In addition, our
customer contracts may not adequately protect us against liability to third parties with whom our customers conduct business.
Although we have implemented and intend to continue to implement industry-standard security measures, these measures may prove
to be inadequate and result in system failures and delays that could lower network availability, which could harm our business and our
reputation.
We are dependent on third parties to market and sell our products and services.
We rely on third-party distributors to market and sell our products and services to end users and to determine the prices end users pay.
We also depend on our distributors to develop innovative and improved solutions and applications integrating our product and service
offerings. As a result of these arrangements, we are dependent on the performance of our distributors to generate most of our revenue.
Our distributors operate independently of us, and we have limited control over their operations, which exposes us to significant risks.
Distributors may not commit the necessary resources to market and sell our products and services and may also market and sell
competitive products and services. In addition, our distributors may not comply with the laws and regulatory requirements in their
local jurisdictions, which could limit their ability to market or sell our products and services. If our distributors develop faulty or
poorly performing products using our technology or services, we may be subject to claims, and our reputation could be harmed. If
current or future distributors do not perform adequately, or if we are unable to locate competent distributors in particular countries and
secure their services on favorable terms, we may be unable to increase or maintain our revenue in these markets or enter new markets,
we may not realize our expected growth, and our brand image and reputation could be hurt.
In addition, we may lose distributors due to competition, consolidation, regulatory developments, business developments affecting our
distributors or their customers, or for other reasons. In 2009, one of our largest competitors, Inmarsat, acquired our then largest
distributor, Stratos Global Wireless, Inc., and in January 2014, Inmarsat acquired Globe Wireless, one of our service providers.
Following each acquisition, Inmarsat essentially stopped promoting sales of our products and services, and they may further reduce
their efforts in the future. Any future consolidation of our distributors would further increase our reliance on a few key distributors of
our services and the amount of volume discounts that we may have to give those distributors. Our two largest distributors, Applied
Satellite Technology LTD and Inmarsat, represented a total of 15% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014 and our ten
largest distributors represented, in the aggregate, 42% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014. The loss of any of these
distributors, or a decrease in the level of effort expended by any of them to promote our products and services, could reduce the
distribution of our products and services as well as the development of new products and applications.
We rely on a limited number of key vendors for supply of equipment and services.
We currently rely on two single-source contracts for the manufacture of our current devices, including our mobile handsets, L-Band
transceivers and short-burst data devices. We have notified one of these manufacturers of our intent to terminate our agreement with
them, and as a result we expect to solely rely on Benchmark Electronics (Thailand) PCL, or Benchmark, starting in August 2015.
Benchmark may choose to terminate its business relationship with us when its current contractual obligations are completed, or at
such earlier time as contemplated by our current agreement. If Benchmark terminates its relationship with us, we may not be able to
find a replacement supplier in a timely manner, at an acceptable price, or at all. We are highly dependent on these manufacturers’
performance as the sole suppliers of our devices. We also utilize sole source suppliers for some of the component parts of our devices.
These manufacturers and suppliers may become capacity-constrained as a result of a surge in demand, a natural disaster or other
event, resulting in a shortage or interruption in supplies or an inability to meet increased demand. Although we might be able to
replace sole source suppliers, there could be a substantial period of time in which our products would not be available; any new
relationship may involve higher costs and delays in development and delivery, and we might encounter technical challenges in
successfully replicating the manufacturing processes. If our manufacturers or suppliers terminate their relationships with us, fail to
provide equipment or services to us on a timely basis or fail to meet our performance expectations, we might be unable to provide
products or services to our customers in a competitive manner, which could in turn negatively affect our financial results and our
reputation.
30
In addition, we depend on Boeing to provide operations and maintenance services with respect to our satellite network, including
engineering, systems analysis, integration and testing of new equipment and operations and maintenance services, from our technical
support center in Chandler, Arizona and our satellite network operations center in Leesburg, Virginia. Technological competence is
critical to our business and depends, to a significant degree, on the work of technically skilled personnel, such as our Boeing
contractors. If Boeing’s performance falls below expected levels or if Boeing has difficulties retaining the personnel servicing our
network, the operations of our satellite network could be compromised. In addition, if Boeing terminates its agreement with us, we
may not be able to find a replacement provider on favorable terms or at all, which could impair the operations and performance of our
network. Replacing Boeing as the operator of our current satellite system could also trigger de-orbit rights held by the U.S.
government, which, if exercised, would eliminate our ability to offer satellite communications services altogether.
We have been and may in the future become subject to claims that our products violate the patent or intellectual property rights of
others, which could be costly and disruptive to us.
We operate in an industry that is susceptible to significant intellectual property litigation. As a result, we or our products may become
subject to intellectual property infringement claims or litigation. The defense of intellectual property suits is both costly and time-
consuming, even if ultimately successful, and may divert management’s attention from other business concerns. An adverse
determination in litigation to which we may become a party could, among other things:
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subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, including treble damages;
require disputed rights to be licensed from a third party for royalties that may be substantial;
require us to cease using technology that is important to our business; or
prohibit us from selling some or all of our products or offering some or all of our services.
Conducting and expanding our operations outside the United States creates numerous risks, which may harm our operations and
compromise our ability to expand our international operations.
We have significant operations outside the United States. We estimate that commercial data traffic originating outside the United
States, excluding our broadband data service, or Iridium OpenPort ® , traffic, accounted for 69% and 67% of total commercial data
traffic for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, while commercial voice traffic originating outside the United
States, excluding Iridium OpenPort traffic, accounted for 90% of total commercial voice traffic for each of the years ended
December 31, 2014 and 2013. We cannot provide the precise geographical distribution of revenue from end users because we do not
contract directly with them. Instead, we determine the country in which we earn our revenue based on where we invoice our
distributors. These distributors sell services directly or indirectly to end users, who may be located or use our products and services
elsewhere. We and our distributors are also seeking authorization to sell our services in additional countries.
Conducting operations outside the United States involves numerous risks and, while expanding our international operations would
advance our growth, it would also increase our exposure to these risks. For example, in 2013 we commenced the provision of satellite
communications services in Russia through a local subsidiary and its authorized Russian service providers and secured a site and
commenced construction of a dedicated gateway in Russia. The U.S. government has recently imposed economic sanctions on certain
Russian corporations, banks, and citizens and might impose additional sanctions in the future. If such sanctions, or any Russian
response to such sanctions, affects our operations in Russia, it could limit our growth in Russia or prevent us from continuing to
operate there at all, which would reduce our revenues.
Other risks associated with the proposed expansion of our international operations include:
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difficulties in penetrating new markets due to established and entrenched competitors;
difficulties in developing products and services that are tailored to the needs of local customers;
lack of local acceptance or knowledge of our products and services;
lack of recognition of our products and services;
unavailability of or difficulties in establishing relationships with distributors;
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significant investments, including the development and deployment of dedicated gateways, as some countries require
physical gateways within their jurisdiction to connect the traffic coming to and from their territory;
instability of international economies and governments;
changes in laws and policies affecting trade and investment in other jurisdictions;
exposure to varying legal standards, including intellectual property protection in other jurisdictions;
difficulties in obtaining required regulatory authorizations;
difficulties in enforcing legal rights in other jurisdictions;
local domestic ownership requirements;
requirements that operational activities be performed in-country;
changing and conflicting national and local regulatory requirements; and
foreign currency exchange rates and exchange controls.
If any of these risks were to materialize, it could affect our ability to successfully compete and expand internationally.
Government organizations, foreign military and intelligence agencies, natural disaster aid associations and event-driven response
agencies use our commercial voice and data satellite communications services. Accordingly, we may experience reductions in usage
due to changing global circumstances, including as a result of changes in the nature of the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, or
continued reductions in U.S. and foreign personnel in those countries.
The prices for our products and services are typically denominated in U.S. dollars. Any appreciation of the U.S. dollar against other
currencies will increase the cost of our products and services to our international customers and, as a result, may reduce the
competitiveness of our international offerings and make it more difficult for us to grow internationally. Conversely, in some locations,
primarily Russia, we conduct business in the local currency, and a depreciation of the local currency against the U.S. dollar will
reduce the U.S. dollar value of our revenues from those countries. Russia has recently experienced significant currency depreciation
against the U.S. dollar.
We are currently unable to offer service in important regions of the world due to regulatory requirements, which limits our growth.
Our ability to provide service in some regions is limited by local regulations. Some countries have specific regulatory requirements
such as local domestic ownership requirements or requirements for physical gateways within their jurisdiction to connect traffic
coming to and from their territory. While we have had discussions with parties in these countries to satisfy these regulatory
requirements, we may not be able to find an acceptable local partner or reach an agreement to develop additional gateways, or the cost
of developing and deploying such gateways may be prohibitive, which could impair our ability to expand our product and service
offerings in such areas and undermine our value for potential users who require service in these areas. Also, other countries where we
already provide service may impose similar requirements, which could restrict our ability to continue to provide service in those
countries. The inability to offer to sell our products and services in all major international markets could impair our international
growth. In addition, the construction of such gateways in foreign countries may trigger and require us to comply with various U.S.
regulatory requirements that could conflict with or contravene the laws or regulations of the local jurisdiction. Any of these
developments could limit, delay or otherwise interfere with our ability to construct gateways or other infrastructure or network
solutions around the world.
The U.S. government, Motorola Solutions and Boeing may unilaterally require us to de-orbit our current constellation upon the
occurrence of specified events.
When Iridium Satellite purchased the assets of Iridium LLC, a non-affiliated debtor in possession, out of bankruptcy, Boeing,
Motorola and the U.S. government required specified de-orbit rights as a way to control potential liability exposure arising from
future operation of the constellation. As a result, Iridium Satellite, Boeing, Motorola and the U.S. government entered into an
agreement giving the U.S. government the right, in its sole discretion, to require us to de-orbit our constellation upon the occurrence
of specified events, including any time on or after January 1, 2015 or if more than four of our satellites have insufficient fuel to
execute a 12-month de-orbit, both of which have already occurred. In addition, the U.S. government has the right to require us to de-
orbit any of our individual functioning satellites, including in-orbit spares that have been in orbit for more than seven years, unless the
U.S. government grants a postponement. All of our functioning satellites have been in orbit for more than seven years.
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Motorola Solutions, as successor to Motorola, and Boeing each also have the right to require us to de-orbit our constellation pursuant
to our agreements with them upon the occurrence of specified events.
We cannot guarantee that the U.S. government, Motorola Solutions or Boeing will not unilaterally exercise their de-orbiting rights
upon the occurrence of any of the specified events. If we were required to de-orbit our constellation, we would be unable to continue
to provide mobile satellite communications services.
We may be unable to obtain and maintain contractually required liability insurance, and the insurance we obtain may not cover all
liabilities to which we may become subject.
Under our agreement with Motorola, we are required to maintain an in-orbit liability insurance policy with a de-orbiting endorsement.
The current policy, together with the de-orbiting endorsement, covers amounts that we and other specified parties may become liable
to pay for bodily injury and property damages to third parties related to processing, maintaining and operating our satellite
constellation and, in the case of the de-orbiting endorsement, a mass de-orbit of our current satellite constellation. Our current policy
has a one-year term, which expires on December 8, 2015, and excludes coverage for all third-party damages relating to the 2009
collision of our satellite with a non-operational Russian satellite. The price, terms and availability of insurance have fluctuated
significantly since we began offering commercial satellite services. The cost of obtaining insurance can vary as a result of either
satellite failures or general conditions in the insurance industry. Higher premiums on insurance policies would increase our cost. In-
orbit liability insurance policies on satellites may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In addition
to higher premiums, insurance policies may provide for higher deductibles, shorter coverage periods and additional policy exclusions.
For example, our current de-orbit insurance covers only twelve months from attachment and therefore would not cover losses arising
outside that timeframe. Our failure to renew our current in-orbit liability insurance policy or obtain a replacement policy would trigger
de-orbit rights held by the U.S. government and Boeing described in the immediately preceding risk factor, which, if exercised, would
eliminate our ability to provide mobile satellite communications services. In addition, even if we continue to maintain an in-orbit
liability insurance policy, the coverage may not protect us against all third-party losses, which could be material.
Our current in-orbit liability insurance policy contains, and we expect any future policies would likewise contain, specified exclusions
and material change limitations customary in the industry. These exclusions may relate to, among other things, losses resulting from
in-orbit collisions such as the one we experienced in 2009, acts of war, insurrection, terrorism or military action, government
confiscation, strikes, riots, civil commotions, labor disturbances, sabotage, unauthorized use of the satellites and nuclear or radioactive
contamination, as well as claims directly or indirectly occasioned as a result of noise, pollution, electrical and electromagnetic
interference and interference with the use of property.
In addition to our in-orbit liability insurance policy, we are required to purchase product liability insurance to cover the potential
liability of Motorola Solutions, as the manufacturer of the satellites in our current constellation. We may not in the future be able to
renew this product liability coverage on reasonable terms and conditions, or at all. Our failure to maintain this insurance could
increase our exposure to third-party damages that may be caused by any of our satellites. If we are unable to obtain such insurance on
commercially reasonable terms and the U.S. government has not agreed to cover the amounts that would have otherwise been paid by
such insurance, Motorola Solutions could invoke its de-orbit rights which, if exercised, would eliminate our ability to provide mobile
satellite communications services.
Wireless devices’ radio frequency emissions are the subject of regulation and litigation concerning their environmental effects,
which includes alleged health and safety risks. As a result, we may be subject to new regulations, demand for our services may
decrease, and we could face liability based on alleged health risks.
There has been adverse publicity concerning alleged health risks associated with radio frequency transmissions from portable hand-
held telephones that have transmitting antennas. Lawsuits have been filed against participants in the wireless industry alleging a
number of adverse health consequences, including cancer, as a result of wireless phone usage. Other claims allege consumer harm
from failures to disclose information about radio frequency emissions or aspects of the regulatory regimes governing those emissions.
Although we have not been party to any such lawsuits, we may be exposed to such litigation in the future. While we comply with
applicable standards for radio frequency emissions and power and do not believe that there is valid scientific evidence that use of our
phones poses a health risk, courts or governmental agencies could determine otherwise. Any such finding could reduce our revenue
and profitability and expose us and other wireless providers to litigation, which, even if frivolous or unsuccessful, could be costly to
defend.
If consumers’ health concerns over radio frequency emissions increase, they may be discouraged from using wireless handsets.
Further, government authorities might increase regulation of wireless handsets as a result of these health concerns. Any actual or
perceived risk from radio frequency emissions could reduce the number of our subscribers and demand for our products and services.
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Our business is subject to extensive government regulation, which mandates how we may operate our business and may increase
our cost of providing services and slow our expansion into new markets.
Our ownership and operation of a satellite communications system and the sale of products that operate on that system are subject to
significant regulation in the United States, including by the FCC, the U.S. Department of Commerce and others, and in foreign
jurisdictions by similar local authorities. The rules and regulations of these U.S. and foreign authorities may change, and such
authorities may adopt regulations that limit or restrict our operations as presently conducted or currently contemplated. Such
authorities may also make changes in the licenses of our competitors that affect our spectrum. Such changes may significantly affect
our business. Further, because regulations in each country are different, we may not be aware if some of our distribution partners or
persons with whom we or they do business do not hold the requisite licenses and approvals. Our failure to provide services in
accordance with the terms of our licenses or our failure to operate our satellites or ground stations as required by our licenses and
applicable laws and government regulations could result in the imposition of government sanctions on us, including the suspension or
cancellation of our licenses. Our failure or delay in obtaining the approvals required to operate in other countries would limit or delay
our ability to expand our operations into those countries. Our failure to obtain industry-standard certifications for our products could
compromise our ability to generate revenue and conduct our business in other countries. Any imposition of sanctions, loss of license
or failure to obtain the authorizations necessary to use our assigned radio frequency spectrum and to distribute our products in the
United States or foreign jurisdictions could cause us to lose sales, hurt our reputation and impair our ability to pursue our business
plan.
In addition, one of our subsidiaries, Iridium Carrier Services LLC, holds a common carrier radio license and is thus subject to
regulation as a common carrier, including limitations and prior approval requirements with respect to direct or indirect foreign
ownership. A change in the manner in which we provide service, or a failure to comply with common carrier regulations or pay
required fees, could result in sanctions including fines, loss of authorizations, or the denial of applications for new authorizations or
the renewal of existing authorizations.
Security and emergency services regulations in the U.S. and other countries may affect our ability to operate our system and to
expand into new markets.
Our operations are subject to regulations of the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security relating to the
export of satellites and related technical data as well as our subscriber equipment, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign
Assets Control relating to transactions involving entities sanctioned by the United States, and the U.S. State Department’s Office of
Defense Trade Controls relating to satellite launch. We are also required to provide U.S. and some foreign government law
enforcement and security agencies with call interception services and related government assistance, in respect of which we face legal
obligations and restrictions in various jurisdictions. Given our global operations and unique network architecture, these requirements
and restrictions are not always easy to harmonize. In addition, some countries require providers of telecommunications services to
connect specified emergency numbers to local emergency services. We have discussed and continue to discuss with authorities in
various countries the procedures used to satisfy our obligations, and have had to, and may in the future need to, obtain amendments or
waivers to licenses or obligations in various countries. Countries are not obligated to grant requested amendments or waivers, and
there can be no assurance that relevant authorities will not suspend or revoke our licenses or take other legal actions to attempt to
enforce the requirements of their respective jurisdictions.
These U.S. and foreign obligations and regulations may limit or delay our ability to offer products and services in a particular country.
As new laws and regulations are issued, we may be required to modify our business plans or operations. In addition, changing and
conflicting national and local regulatory requirements may cause us to be in compliance with local requirements in one country, while
not being in compliance with the laws and regulations of another. If we fail to comply with regulations in the United States or any
other country, we could be subject to sanctions that could make it difficult or impossible for us to operate in the United States or such
other country.
If the FCC revokes, modifies or fails to renew or amend our licenses, our ability to operate will be harmed or eliminated.
We hold FCC licenses, specifically a license for our current satellite constellation, licenses for our U.S. gateway and other ground
facilities and blanket earth station licenses for U.S. government customers and commercial subscribers, that are subject to revocation
if we fail to satisfy specified conditions or to meet prescribed milestones. The FCC licenses are also subject to modification by the
FCC. Our current satellite constellation license from the FCC has been extended until January 31, 2018. Our U.S. gateway earth
station and the U.S. government customer and commercial subscriber earth station licenses expire between September 2018 and the
year 2026. There can be no assurance that the FCC will renew the FCC licenses we hold. If the FCC revokes, modifies or fails to
renew or amend the FCC licenses we hold, or if we fail to satisfy any of the conditions of our respective FCC licenses, we may not be
able to continue to provide mobile satellite communications services.
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Pursuing strategic transactions may cause us to incur additional risks.
We may pursue acquisitions, joint ventures or other strategic transactions from time to time. We may face costs and risks arising from
any such transactions, including integrating a new business into our business or managing a joint venture. These risks may include
adverse legal, organizational and financial consequences, loss of key customers and distributors and diversion of management’s time.
In addition, any major business combination or similar strategic transaction would require approval under the Credit Facility and may
require significant external financing. Depending on market conditions, investor perceptions of our company and other factors, we
might not be able to obtain approvals under the Credit Facility or financing on acceptable terms, in acceptable amounts or at
appropriate times to implement any such transaction. Any such financing, if obtained, may further dilute existing stockholders.
Spectrum values historically have been volatile, which could cause the value of our business to fluctuate.
Our business plan is evolving, and it may in the future include forming strategic partnerships to maximize value for our spectrum,
network assets and combined service offerings in the United States and internationally. Values that we may be able to realize from
such partnerships will depend in part on the value placed on our spectrum authorizations. Valuations of spectrum in other frequency
bands historically have been volatile, and we cannot predict at what amount a future partner may be willing to value our spectrum and
other assets. In addition, to the extent that the FCC takes action that makes additional spectrum available or promotes the more
flexible use or greater availability of existing satellite or terrestrial spectrum allocations, for example by means of spectrum leasing or
new spectrum sales, the availability of such additional spectrum could reduce the value of our spectrum authorizations and, as a result,
the value of our business.
Our ability to operate our company effectively could be impaired if we lose members of our senior management team or key
technical personnel.
We depend on the continued service of key managerial and technical personnel and personnel with security clearances, as well as our
ability to continue to attract and retain highly qualified personnel. We compete for such personnel with other companies, government
entities, academic institutions and other organizations. The unexpected loss or interruption of the services of such personnel could
compromise our ability to effectively manage our operations, execute our business plan and meet our strategic objectives.
The market price of our common stock may be volatile.
The trading price of our common stock may be subject to substantial fluctuations. Factors affecting the trading price of our common
stock may include:
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failure in the performance of our current or future satellites or a delay in the launch of Iridium NEXT;
failure of Aireon to successfully develop and market its service;
failure to comply with the terms of the Credit Facility;
failure to maintain our ability to make draws under the Credit Facility;
actual or anticipated variations in our operating results, including termination or expiration of one or more of our key
contracts, or a change in sales levels under one or more of our key contracts;
sales of a large number of shares of our common stock or the perception that such sales may occur;
dilutive effect of outstanding stock options;
changes in financial estimates by industry analysts, or our failure to meet or exceed any such estimates, or changes in the
recommendations of any industry analysts that elect to follow our common stock or the common stock of our
competitors;
actual or anticipated changes in economic, political or market conditions, such as recessions or international currency
fluctuations;
actual or anticipated changes in the regulatory environment affecting our industry;
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changes in the market valuations of our competitors;
low trading volume; and
announcements by our competitors regarding significant new products or services or significant acquisitions, strategic
partnerships, divestitures, joint ventures or other strategic initiatives.
The trading price of our common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies in our industry even if
these events do not directly affect us. If our stock, the market for other stocks in our industry, or the stock market in general
experiences a loss of investor confidence, the trading price of our common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business,
financial condition or results of operations.
We do not expect to pay dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
We do not currently pay cash dividends on our common stock and, because we currently intend to retain all cash we generate to fund
the growth of our business and the Credit Facility restricts the payment of dividends, we do not expect to pay dividends on our
common stock in the foreseeable future.
Our common stock ranks junior to the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock with respect to dividends and
amounts payable in the event of our liquidation.
Our common stock ranks junior to the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock with respect to the payment of dividends
and amounts payable in the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up. This means that, unless accumulated dividends have
been paid or set aside for payment on all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock for all past
completed dividend periods, no dividends may be declared or paid on our common stock. Likewise, in the event of our voluntary or
involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, no distribution of our assets may be made to holders of our common stock until we
have paid to holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock the applicable liquidation preference plus accrued
and unpaid dividends. As a result, the value of your investment in our common stock may suffer in the event that sufficient funds are
not available to first satisfy our obligations to the holders of our preferred stock in the event of our liquidation.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2.
Properties
We own or lease the facilities described in the following table:
Location
McLean, Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chandler, Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leesburg, Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tempe, Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tempe, Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fairbanks, Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Country
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
Approximate
Square Feet
Facilities
Owned/Leased
21,600 Corporate Headquarters
197,000 Technical Support Center,
Distribution Center, Warehouse and
Satellite Teleport Network Facility
Leased
Leased
40,000 Satellite Network Operations Center
Owned
31,000 System Gateway and Satellite Teleport
Network Facility
Owned Building on
Leased Land
25,000 Operations and Finance Office Space
4,000 Satellite Teleport Network Facility
Leased
Owned
Svalbard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Norway
1,800 Satellite Teleport Network Facility
Yellowknife, Northwest Territories . . . . Canada
1,800 Satellite Teleport Network Facility
Iqaluit, Nunavut
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada
1,800 Satellite Teleport Network Facility
Owned Building on
Leased Land
Owned Building on
Leased Land
Owned Building on
Leased Land
Izhevsk, Udmurtia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Russia
11,736 Office Space and Satellite Teleport
Leased
Network Facility
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Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
On October 7, 2014, Kappa Digital, LLC filed a complaint for patent infringement against us in the United States District Court for
the Eastern District of Texas - Marshall Division. In this action, Kappa Digital alleges that our products, services and/or systems
infringe its U.S. Patent No. 6,349,135, entitled “Method And System For A Wireless Digital Message Service.” Kappa Digital is
seeking a judgment that we have infringed on its patent and is seeking a permanent injunction enjoining us from further infringement,
as well as damages, costs, expenses, interest and attorneys’ fees. On February 25, 2015, the parties filed a joint motion to dismiss the
case without prejudice, which we expect to be granted. Kappa Digital would retain the right to file a new complaint with the same
allegations.
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock is currently listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “IRDM.” The following table sets
forth, for the quarters indicated, the quarterly high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global
Select Market.
PART II
Quarter Ended March 31, 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quarter Ended June 30, 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quarter Ended September 30, 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quarter Ended December 31, 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quarter Ended March 31, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quarter Ended June 30, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quarter Ended September 30, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quarter Ended December 31, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
Common Stock
High
Low
$
7.34
7.85
9.22
6.91
7.95
8.49
9.54
10.50
5.90
5.98
6.35
5.37
5.95
6.12
7.85
8.15
On February 23, 2015, the closing price of our common stock was $9.67. As of February 23, 2015 there were 65 holders of record of
our common stock.
Dividend Policy
We have not paid any dividends on our common stock to date. The Credit Facility currently restricts us from declaring, making or
paying dividends on our common stock, and we do not anticipate that we will declare any dividends on our common stock in the
foreseeable future.
37
Stock Price Performance Graph
The graph below compares the cumulative total return of our common stock from December 31, 2009 through December 31, 2014
with the comparable cumulative return of three indices, the S&P 500 Index, the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index and the
NASDAQ Telecommunications Index. The graph plots the growth in value of an initial investment of $100 in each of our common
stock, the S&P 500 Index, the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index and the NASDAQ Telecommunications Index over the indicated
time periods. The stock price performance shown on the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.
$210
$200
$190
$180
$170
$160
$150
$140
$130
$120
$110
$100
$90
$80
$70
$60
$50
12/31/09
12/31/10
12/31/11
12/31/12
12/31/13
12/31/14
Iridium Communications Inc.
S&P 500 Index
Dow Jones Industrial Average Index
NASDAQ Telecommunications Index
Iridium Communications Inc.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S&P 500 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dow Jones Industrial Average Index . . . . . . . . . . .
NASDAQ Telecommunications Index . . . . . . . . .
$
$
$
$
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
$
$
$
$
102.74
112.78
111.02
103.92
$
$
$
$
96.01
112.78
117.16
90.81
$
$
$
$
83.69
127.90
125.66
92.63
$
$
$
$
77.83
165.76
158.96
114.88
$
$
$
$
121.42
184.64
170.91
125.11
12/31/09
12/31/10
12/31/11
12/31/12
12/31/13
12/31/14
38
Item 6.
Selected Financial Data
Iridium Communications Inc.
The following selected historical financial data for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was derived from
our audited financial statements. The selected financial data below should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and
related notes, and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in
this Form 10-K. The selected financial data is historical data and is not necessarily indicative of our future results of operations.
Statement of Operations Data
Revenue:
Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subscriber equipment
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engineering and support services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income per share - basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income per share - diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2014
309,424
78,152
20,981
408,557
285,646
122,911
74,989
72,758
88,080
109,400
0.71
0.69
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
2013
For the Year Ended December 31,
2012
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
2011
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
292,092
73,303
17,254
382,649
272,755
109,894
62,517
62,185
76,909
87,511
0.72
0.71
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
273,491
93,866
16,163
383,520
278,446
105,074
64,631
64,499
74,239
78,182
0.85
0.83
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
262,322
94,709
27,276
384,307
307,306
77,001
41,035
40,720
72,164
73,559
0.57
0.56
2010
236,351
90,184
21,638
348,173
310,813
37,360
19,941
20,009
70,289
72,956
0.28
0.27
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Balance Sheet Data
2014
2013
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total long-term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
573,113
$
$ 2,909,681
$ 1,575,467
$ 1,231,864
369,558
$
$ 2,309,796
$ 1,268,802
939,495
$
As of December 31,
2012
(In thousands)
367,166
$
$ 1,916,341
951,131
$
876,558
$
2011
2010
227,242
$
$ 1,374,186
576,278
$
702,018
$
208,729
$
$ 1,047,449
258,692
$
654,916
$
Other Data
Cash provided by (used in):
2014
2013
For the Year Ended December 31,
2012
(In thousands)
2011
2010
Operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 214,872
$ (626,254)
$ 438,844
$ 183,048
$ (485,836)
$ 234,712
$ 174,023
$ (443,542)
$ 387,571
$ 183,461
$ (359,337)
$ 192,310
$ 151,438
$ (242,086)
63,402
$
Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Background
We were initially formed in 2007 as GHL Acquisition Corp., a special purpose acquisition company. In 2009, we acquired all the
outstanding equity in Iridium Holdings LLC and changed our name to Iridium Communications Inc.
Overview of Our Business
We are engaged primarily in providing mobile voice and data communications services using a constellation of orbiting satellites. We
are the second largest provider of satellite-based mobile voice and data communications services based on revenue, and the only
commercial provider of communications services offering true global coverage. Our satellite network provides communications
services to regions of the world where telecommunications networks do not exist or are impaired, including extremely remote or rural
land areas, airways, open-ocean, the polar regions and regions where the telecommunications infrastructure has been affected by
political conflicts or natural disasters.
We provide voice and data communications services to businesses, the U.S. and foreign governments, non-governmental
organizations and consumers using our constellation of in-orbit satellites and related ground infrastructure. We utilize an interlinked
mesh architecture to route traffic across the satellite constellation using radio frequency crosslinks. This unique architecture
minimizes the need for ground facilities to support the constellation, which facilitates the global reach of our services and allows us to
offer services in countries and regions where we have no physical presence.
39
We sell our products and services to commercial end users through a wholesale distribution network, encompassing more than 70
service providers, more than 190 value-added resellers, or VARs, and more than 40 value-added manufacturers, or VAMs, who either
sell directly to the end user or indirectly through other service providers, VARs or dealers. These distributors often integrate our
products and services with other complementary hardware and software and have developed a broad suite of applications for our
products and services targeting specific lines of business.
At December 31, 2014, we had approximately 739,000 billable subscribers worldwide, an increase of 75,000, or 11%, from
approximately 664,000 billable subscribers at December 31, 2013. We have a diverse customer base, including end users in the
following lines of business: land-based handset; machine-to-machine, or M2M; maritime; aviation; and government.
We recognize revenue from both the provision of services and the sale of equipment. Service revenue represented 76% of total
revenue for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. Voice, data and M2M data service revenue have historically generated
higher gross margins than subscriber equipment revenue.
We are currently devoting a substantial part of our resources to develop Iridium NEXT, our next-generation satellite constellation,
along with the development of new product and service offerings, upgrades to our current services, hardware and software upgrades to
maintain our ground infrastructure and upgrades to our business systems. We estimate the aggregate costs associated with the design,
build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure upgrades through 2017 to be approximately $3 billion. We expect
to fund the costs of Iridium NEXT with the substantial majority of the funds from our $1.8 billion loan facility, or the Credit Facility,
cash on hand, and internally generated cash flows, including potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME.
We believe that our liquidity sources will provide sufficient funds for us to meet our liquidity requirements for at least the next twelve
months. For more information about our sources of funding, see “Credit Facility” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Full Scale Development and Launch Services Agreements
In June 2010, we executed a primarily fixed price full scale development contract, or FSD, with Thales Alenia Space France, or
Thales, for the design and manufacture of satellites for Iridium NEXT. The total price under the FSD will be approximately $2.3
billion, and we expect our payment obligations under the FSD to extend into the first quarter of 2018. As of December 31, 2014, we
had made total payments of $1,331.1 million to Thales, of which $1,129.8 million were from borrowings under the Credit Facility,
which are classified within property and equipment, net, in our consolidated balance sheet included in this report. We currently use
the Credit Facility to pay 85% of each invoice received from Thales under the FSD with the remaining 15% funded from cash on
hand. Once the Credit Facility is fully drawn, we expect to pay 100% of each invoice received from Thales from cash and marketable
securities on hand as well as internally generated cash flows, including potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium
PRIME.
In March 2010, we entered into an agreement with Space Exploration Technologies Corp., or SpaceX, to secure SpaceX as the
primary launch services provider for Iridium NEXT. The total price under the SpaceX agreement for seven launches is $453.1 million.
As of December 31, 2014, we had made aggregate payments of $152.6 million to SpaceX, which were capitalized as construction in
progress within property and equipment, net. In addition, we made a $3.0 million refundable deposit to SpaceX in the first quarter of
2014 for the reservation of additional future launches, which amount is not included in the total contract price.
In June 2011, we entered into an agreement with International Space Company Kosmotras, or Kosmotras, as a supplemental launch
services provider for Iridium NEXT. The Kosmotras agreement originally provided for the purchase of up to six launches with options
to purchase additional launches. Each launch can carry two satellites. In June 2013, we exercised an option for one launch to carry the
first two Iridium NEXT satellites. If we do not exercise any additional options, the total cost under the Kosmotras agreement
including this single launch will be $51.8 million. As of December 31, 2014, we had made aggregate payments of $28.8 million to
Kosmotras, which were capitalized as construction in process within property and equipment, net. The option to purchase two of the
dedicated launches expired as of December 31, 2013. We have agreed with Kosmotras to extend the option to purchase the remaining
three dedicated launches through a date to be determined.
Credit Facility
On October 4, 2010, we entered into the Credit Facility with a syndicate of bank lenders. Ninety-five percent of our obligations under
the Credit Facility are insured by Compagnie Française d’Assurance pour le Commerce Extérieur, or COFACE. The Credit Facility
consists of two tranches, with draws and repayments applied pro rata in respect of each tranche:
•
•
Tranche A – $1,537,500,000 at a fixed rate of 4.96%; and
Tranche B – $262,500,000 at a floating rate equal to the London Interbank Offer Rate, or LIBOR, plus 1.95%.
In connection with each draw made under the Credit Facility, we borrow an additional amount equal to 6.49% of such draw to cover
the premium for the COFACE insurance. We also pay a commitment fee of 0.80% per year, in semi-annual installments, on any
undrawn portion of the Credit Facility. The semi-annual commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility for the year
40
ended December 31, 2014 was $5.8 million and is included in other income (expense) in our consolidated statement of operations.
Funds drawn under the Credit Facility are used to pay 85% of each invoice issued by Thales under the FSD until the Credit Facility is
fully drawn, the premium for the COFACE insurance and the payment of a portion of interest during a portion of the construction and
launch phase of Iridium NEXT.
Scheduled semi-annual principal repayments will begin six months after the earlier of (i) the successful deployment of a specified
number of Iridium NEXT satellites or (ii) September 30, 2017. During this repayment period, we will pay interest on the same date as
the principal repayments. Prior to the repayment period, interest payments are due on a semi-annual basis in April and October.
Interest incurred during the year ended December 31, 2014 was $50.8 million. We capitalize all interest costs incurred related to the
Credit Facility during the construction period of the assets; accordingly we capitalized $50.8 million related to interest incurred in
2014. We pay interest on each semi-annual due date through a combination of a cash payment and a deemed additional loan. The
$50.8 million in interest incurred during the year ended December 31, 2014 consisted of $15.5 million payable in cash, of which $12.6
million was paid during the year and $2.9 million was accrued at year end, and $35.3 million payable by deemed loans, of which
$28.6 million was paid during the year and $6.7 million was accrued at year end. The Credit Facility will mature seven years after the
start of the principal repayment period.
We may not prepay any borrowings prior to December 31, 2015. If, on that date, a specified number of Iridium NEXT satellites have
been successfully launched and we have adequate time and resources to complete the Iridium NEXT constellation on schedule, we
may prepay the borrowings without penalty. In addition, following the completion of the Iridium NEXT constellation, we may prepay
the borrowings without penalty. We may not subsequently borrow any amounts that we repay. We must repay the loans in full upon a
delisting of our common stock, a change in control of our company or our ceasing to own 100% of any of the other obligors, or the
sale of all or substantially all of our assets. We must apply all or a portion of specified capital raise proceeds, insurance proceeds,
condemnation proceeds and proceeds from the disposal of any interests in Aireon to the prepayment of the loans. The Credit Facility
includes customary representations, events of default, covenants and conditions precedent to our drawing of funds.
As of December 31, 2014, we had borrowed a total of $1,291.4 million under the Credit Facility. The unused portion of the Credit
Facility as of December 31, 2014 was $508.6 million. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, we were required to maintain a minimum
cash reserve for debt service of $86.0 million as of December 31, 2014, which is classified as restricted cash on our consolidated
balance sheet. This minimum cash reserve requirement will increase over the term of the Credit Facility to $189.0 million at the
beginning of the repayment period, which is expected to be in 2017. We expect to have utilized the full $1.8 billion from the Credit
Facility by early 2016.
Minimum debt service reserve levels are estimated as follows:
At December 31,
Amount
(in millions)
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
91
113
189
In addition to the minimum debt service reserve levels, financial covenants under the Credit Facility, as amended and restated in May
2014, include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
an available cash balance of at least $25 million;
a debt-to-equity ratio, which is calculated as the ratio of total net debt to the aggregate of total net debt and total
stockholders’ equity, of no more than 0.7 to 1, measured each June 30 and December 31;
specified maximum levels of annual capital expenditures (excluding expenditures on the construction of Iridium NEXT
satellites) through the year ending December 31, 2024;
specified minimum levels of consolidated operational earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or
operational EBITDA, for the 12-month periods ending each December 31 and June 30 through December 31, 2017;
specified minimum cumulative cash flow requirements from customers who have hosted payloads on our satellites
measured each December 31 and June 30 from June 30, 2016 through December 31, 2017;
a debt service coverage ratio, measured during the repayment period, of not less than 1 to 1.5; and
specified maximum leverage levels during the repayment period that decline from a ratio of 4.73 to 1 for the twelve
months ending June 30, 2018 to a ratio of 2.36 to 1 for the twelve months ending December 31, 2024.
Our available cash balance, as defined by the Credit Facility, was $290.2 million as of December 31, 2014. Our debt-to-equity ratio
was 0.47 to 1 as of December 31, 2014. We were also in compliance with the operational EBITDA covenant and the annual capital
expenditure covenant as of December 31, 2014.
41
The covenants regarding capital expenditures, operational EBITDA and hosted payload cash flows are calculated in connection with a
measurement, which we refer to as available cure amount, that is derived using a complex calculation based on overall cash flows, as
adjusted by numerous measures specified in the Credit Facility. In a period in which our capital expenditures exceed, or our
operational EBITDA or hosted payload cash flows falls short of, the amount specified in the respective covenant, we would be
permitted to allocate available cure amount, if any, to prevent a breach of the applicable covenant. As of December 31, 2014, we had
an available cure amount of $7.5 million, though none was required to maintain compliance with the covenants. The available cure
amount has fluctuated significantly from one measurement period to the next, and we expect that it will continue to do so.
The covenants also place limitations on our ability and that of our subsidiaries to carry out mergers and acquisitions, dispose of assets,
grant security interests, declare, make or pay dividends, enter into transactions with affiliates, fund payments under the full scale
development contract, or FSD, with Thales from our own resources, incur additional indebtedness, or make loans, guarantees or
indemnities. If we are not in compliance with the financial covenants under the Credit Facility, after any opportunity to cure such non-
compliance, or we otherwise experience an event of default under the Credit Facility, the lenders may require repayment in full of all
principal and interest outstanding under the Credit Facility. It is unlikely we would have adequate funds to repay such amounts prior
to the scheduled maturity of the Credit Facility. If we fail to repay such amounts, the lenders may foreclose on the assets we have
pledged under the Credit Facility, which include substantially all of our assets and those of our domestic subsidiaries.
In May 2014, we entered into a supplemental agreement, or the Supplemental Agreement, with the lenders under the Credit Facility,
to amend and restate the Credit Facility. The Supplemental Agreement includes revised financial covenant levels. The Supplemental
Agreement also delays, until 2017, a portion of the contributions that we had been scheduled to make during 2014, 2015 and 2016 to
the debt service reserve account that we are required to maintain under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility delays $22 million of
our 2014 contributions, $22 million of our 2015 contributions and $32 million of our 2016 contributions, for a total of $76 million. As
of March 31, 2014, prior to the execution of the Supplemental Agreement, the minimum required cash reserve balance was $94.5
million. As of June 30, 2014, after the execution of the Supplemental Agreement, the minimum required cash reserve balance was
reduced to $83.5 million. As a result of this reduction, $11.0 million was released from restricted cash during the three months ended
June 30, 2014. In accordance with the Supplemental Agreement, as of December 31, 2014, the minimum cash reserve for debt service
was $86.0 million and was maintained and classified as restricted cash on our consolidated balance sheet.
The Supplemental Agreement required us to raise at least $217.5 million through the sale of equity securities by July 31, 2014, with
net proceeds of at least $200.0 million, in order for the amendment to become effective. The Supplemental Agreement allowed us to
raise up to $150.0 million of the total in convertible preferred equity, with the remainder to be raised through sales of our common
equity. There were no other conditions to the effectiveness of the Supplemental Agreement. We satisfied the capital raise requirement
on May 14, 2014 upon the closing of the sales of our common stock and our 6.75% Series B Cumulative Perpetual Convertible
Preferred Stock, or Series B Preferred Stock, described below.
As of February 26, 2015, we have borrowed a total of $1,303.3 million under the Credit Facility.
Common Stock Offerings
In May 2014, we issued 7,692,308 shares of our common stock in a registered direct offering to certain investment funds affiliated
with Baron Capital Group Inc., or Baron, at a price of $6.50 per share for aggregate gross proceeds of $50.0 million. We received
proceeds of $49.9 million from the sale of the common stock to Baron, net of offering costs of $0.1 million.
Under the stock purchase agreement entered into with Baron, Baron was entitled to receive additional shares if, during the 90-day
period following the date of the stock purchase agreement, we issued or sold securities below specified prices. As a result of our
public offering of common stock and our public offering of Series B Preferred Stock, described below, we were obligated to deliver
504,413 additional shares of common stock to Baron. The additional shares were issued on August 6, 2014.
In May 2014, we issued an additional 8,483,608 shares of our common stock in an underwritten public offering, including 1,106,558
shares of common stock upon the underwriters’ election to exercise their overallotment option in full. We received proceeds of $49.0
million, which were net of an aggregate $2.6 million underwriting discount and $0.2 million of offering costs.
Series B Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock Offering
In May 2014, we issued 500,000 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock in an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of
$250 per share. We received proceeds of $120.8 million from the sale of the Series B Preferred Stock, which were net of an aggregate
$3.8 million underwriting discount and $0.4 million of offering costs.
Holders of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends when, as and if declared from, and including,
the date of original issue at a rate of 6.75% per annum of the $250 liquidation preference per share (equivalent to an annual rate of
$16.875 per share). Dividends on our Series B Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears, beginning on September 15, 2014. The
Series B Preferred Stock does not have a stated maturity date and is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption
42
provisions. The Series B Preferred Stock ranks senior to our common stock and pari passu with respect to our Series A Preferred
Stock with respect to dividend rights and rights upon our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up. Holders of
Series B Preferred Stock generally have no voting rights except for limited voting rights if we fail to pay dividends for six or more
quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive) and in other specified circumstances.
Holders of Series B Preferred Stock may convert some or all of their outstanding Series B Preferred Stock initially at a conversion rate
of 33.456 shares of common stock per $250 liquidation preference, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately
$7.47 per share of common stock, subject to adjustment in certain events.
On or after May 15, 2019, we may, at our option, convert some or all of the Series B Preferred Stock into the number of shares of
common stock that are issuable at the then-applicable conversion rate, subject to specified conditions. On or prior to May 15, 2019, in
the event of certain specified fundamental changes, holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will have the right to convert some or all
of their shares of Series B Preferred Stock into the greater of (i) a number of shares of our common stock as subject to adjustment plus
the make-whole premium, if any, and (ii) a number of shares of our common stock equal to the lesser of (a) the liquidation preference
divided by the market value of the our common stock on the effective date of such fundamental change and (b) 81.9672 (subject to
adjustment). In certain circumstances, we may elect to cash settle any conversions in connection with a fundamental change.
We intend to use the proceeds from the common stock and Series B Preferred Stock offerings for general corporate purposes, which
may include capital expenditures, such as costs for the development and deployment of the Iridium NEXT system, and may also
include working capital and general and administrative expenses.
Material Trends and Uncertainties
Our industry and customer base has historically grown as a result of:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
demand for remote and reliable mobile communications services;
increased demand for communications services by disaster and relief agencies, and emergency first responders;
a broad wholesale distribution network with access to diverse and geographically dispersed niche markets;
a growing number of new products and services and related applications;
improved data transmission speeds for mobile satellite service offerings;
regulatory mandates requiring the use of mobile satellite services;
a general reduction in prices of mobile satellite services and subscriber equipment; and
geographic market expansion through the ability to offer our services in additional countries.
Nonetheless, we face a number of challenges and uncertainties in operating our business, including:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
our ability to develop Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure, and to develop new and innovative products and
services for Iridium NEXT;
our ability to access the Credit Facility to meet our future capital requirements for the design, build and launch of the
Iridium NEXT satellites;
our ability to generate sufficient internal cash flows, including potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium
PRIME, to fund a portion of the costs associated with Iridium NEXT and support ongoing business;
Aireon LLC’s ability to successfully develop and market its space-based automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast, or
ADS-B, global aviation monitoring service to be carried as a hosted payload on the Iridium NEXT system;
Aireon’s ability to raise sufficient funds to pay hosting fees to us;
our ability to maintain the health, capacity, control and level of service of our existing satellite network through the
transition to Iridium NEXT;
changes in general economic, business and industry conditions, including the effects of currency exchange rates;
our reliance on a single primary commercial gateway and a primary satellite network operations center;
competition from other mobile satellite service providers and, to a lesser extent, from the expansion of terrestrial-based
cellular phone systems and related pricing pressures;
• market acceptance of our products;
•
•
•
regulatory requirements in existing and new geographic markets;
rapid and significant technological changes in the telecommunications industry;
reliance on our wholesale distribution network to market and sell our products, services and applications effectively;
43
•
•
reliance on single-source suppliers for some of the components required in the manufacture of our end-user subscriber
equipment and our ability to purchase parts that are periodically subject to shortages resulting from surges in demand,
natural disasters or other events; and
reliance on a few significant customers for a substantial portion of our revenue, as a result of which the loss or decline in
business with any of these customers may negatively impact our revenue and collectability of related accounts receivable.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements,
which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. The
preparation of these financial statements requires the use of estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our
estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, collectability of accounts receivable, useful lives of property and equipment,
long-lived assets, goodwill and other intangible assets, inventory, internally developed software, deferred financing costs, asset
retirement obligations, income taxes, stock-based compensation, warranty expenses, loss contingencies, and other estimates. We base
our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
The accounting policies we believe to be most critical to understanding our financial results and condition and that require complex
and subjective management judgments are discussed below. Our accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 in Item 8
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Please see the notes to our consolidated financial statements for a full discussion of
these significant accounting policies.
Revenue Recognition
For revenue arrangements with multiple elements in which we determine, based on judgment, that the elements qualify as separate
units of accounting, we allocate the guaranteed minimum arrangement price among the various contract elements based on each
element’s relative selling price. The selling price used for each deliverable is based on vendor-specific objective evidence when
available, third-party evidence when vendor-specific evidence is not available, or the estimated selling price when neither vendor-
specific evidence nor third-party evidence is available. We determine vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price by assessing
sales prices of subscriber equipment, airtime and other services when they are sold to customers on a stand-alone basis. Our
determination of best estimate of selling price is consistent with our determination of vendor-specific objective evidence of selling
price and we assess qualitative and quantitative market factors and entity-specific factors when estimating the selling price. We
recognize revenue for each element based on the specific characteristics of that element.
We sell prepaid services in the form of e-vouchers and prepaid cards. A liability is established equal to the cash paid upon purchase
for the e-voucher or prepaid card. We recognize revenue from the prepaid services upon the use of the e-voucher or prepaid card by
the customer; or upon the expiration of the right to access the prepaid service. In September 2012, we communicated a new expiration
policy with respect to prepaid e-vouchers, effective December 2013. While the terms of prepaid e-vouchers can be extended by the
purchase of additional e-vouchers, prepaid e-vouchers may not be extended beyond the new limits of three or four years, dependent on
the initial expiry period when purchased. We do not offer refunds for unused prepaid services.
Revenue associated with some of our fixed-price engineering services arrangements is recognized when the services are rendered,
typically on a partial performance method of accounting based on our estimate of total costs expected to complete the contract, and
the related costs are expensed as incurred. We recognize revenue on cost-plus-fixed-fee arrangements to the extent of actual costs
incurred plus an estimate of the applicable fees earned, where such estimated fees are determined using a partial performance method
calculation. If actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to changes to earned and
unearned revenue that could be material to our results of operations.
Stock-Based Compensation
We account for stock-based compensation, which consists of stock options and restricted stock units, based on the grant date
estimated fair value. In the case of restricted stock units, grant date fair value is equal to the closing price of our common stock on the
date of grant. The expected vesting of our performance-based RSUs is based upon the likelihood that we achieve the defined
performance goals. The level of achievement of performance goals, if any, is determined by the compensation committee. In the case
of stock options, grant date fair value is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. We recognize stock-based
compensation on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires us to make
several assumptions, including expected volatility and expected term of the options. If any of the assumptions we use in the Black-
Scholes option pricing model were to change significantly, stock-based compensation expense may differ materially in the future from
that recorded in the current period. In addition, we are required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate and only recognize expense for
those awards expected to vest. We estimate the forfeiture rate based on historical experience. To the extent our actual forfeiture rate is
different from our estimate, stock-based compensation expense is adjusted accordingly.
44
Warranty Expenses
We estimate a provision for product returns under our standard warranty policies when it is probable that a loss has been incurred. A
warranty liability is maintained based on historical experience of warranty costs and expected occurrences of warranty claims on
equipment. If actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to changes to cost of subscriber
equipment sales that could be material to our results of operations.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach. This approach requires that we recognize deferred tax assets and
liabilities based on differences between the financial statement bases and tax bases of our assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and
liabilities are recorded based upon enacted tax rates for the period in which the deferred tax items are expected to reverse. Changes in
tax laws or tax rates in various jurisdictions are reflected in the period of change. Significant judgment is required in the calculation of
our tax provision and the resulting tax liabilities as well as our ability to realize our deferred tax assets. Our estimates of future taxable
income and any changes to such estimates can significantly impact our tax provision in a given period. Significant judgment is
required in determining our ability to realize our deferred tax assets related to federal, state and foreign tax attributes within their
carryforward periods including estimating the amount and timing of the future reversal of deferred tax items in our projections of
future taxable income. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts we expect to realize in the
future. We also recognize tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions only when we estimate that it is “more likely than not” that the
position will be sustainable based on its technical merits. If actual results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions, this
may result in material changes to our income tax provision.
Long-Lived Assets
We assess the recoverability of long-lived assets when indicators of impairment exist. We assess the possibility of impairment by
comparing the carrying amounts of the assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by those
assets. If we determine that an asset is impaired, we estimate the impairment loss by determining the excess of the asset’s carrying
amount over its estimated fair value. Estimated fair value is based on market prices, when available, or various other valuation
techniques. These techniques often include estimates and assumptions with respect to future cash flows and incremental borrowing
rates. If actual results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions, we may be exposed to impairment losses that could be
material to our results of operations.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property, equipment and intangible assets
with finite lives are depreciated or amortized over their estimated useful lives. We apply judgment in determining the useful lives
based on factors such as engineering data, our long-term strategy for using the assets, contractual terms related to the assets, laws and
regulations that could impact the useful lives of the assets and other economic factors. In evaluating the useful lives of our satellites,
we assess the current estimated operational life of the satellites, including the potential impact of environmental factors on the
satellites, ongoing operational enhancements and software upgrades. Additionally, we review engineering data relating to the
operation and performance of our satellite network.
We depreciate our satellites over the shorter of their potential operational life or the period of their expected use. The appropriateness
of the useful lives is evaluated on a quarterly basis or as events occur that require additional assessment . Our current satellites are
depreciated on a straight-line basis through the earlier of their estimated remaining useful life or the date they are expected to be
replaced by Iridium NEXT satellites, which defines the period of their expected use, because we expect this will occur before the end
of their operational lives.
In September 2014, we updated our analysis of the current satellites’ remaining useful lives based on the refinement of the launch
schedule and deployment plan for Iridium NEXT. As a result, the estimated useful lives of the satellites within the current
constellation have been extended and are consistent with the expected deployment of Iridium NEXT. Based on the current launch
schedule, we expect Iridium NEXT satellites to begin deployment in the second half of 2015, with the final launch expected to occur
in 2017. If our actual operational results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions, we may experience changes in
depreciation and amortization expense that could be material to our results of operations. In the event there are changes to the launch
schedule of Iridium NEXT satellites, the period of intended use for our current satellites could be impacted, also resulting in changes
to depreciation and amortization expense that could be material to our results of operations.
Assets under construction primarily consist of costs incurred associated with the design, development and launch of the Iridium
NEXT satellites, upgrades to our current infrastructure and ground systems and internal software development costs. Once these
assets are placed in service, they will be depreciated using the straight-line method over their respective estimated useful lives. We
capitalize interest on the Credit Facility during the construction period of Iridium NEXT. Capitalized interest is added to the cost of
our next-generation satellites.
45
Recoverability of Goodwill and Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives
Goodwill
We assess the recoverability of goodwill on an annual basis or when indicators of impairment exist such as significant changes in the
business climate of our industry, operating performance indicators or competition. Goodwill impairment is determined using a two-
step process. The first step involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including
goodwill. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired and
the second step of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, then
the second step of the goodwill impairment test must be performed. To measure the amount of impairment loss, if any, we determine
the implied fair value of goodwill in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination. Specifically,
the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized
intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the
price paid to acquire the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that
goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.
We operate in a single reporting unit, and we assess the possibility of impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the reporting
unit to its estimated fair value. Our most recent annual assessment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, which we refer to
as the 2014 Analysis, was performed on October 1, 2014. We determined the estimated fair value of our reporting unit based on a
combination of a market approach using comparable public companies (guideline company method) and the income approach using
discounted cash flows, consistent with the approach we utilized in our analysis performed in 2013. These valuation techniques involve
the use of estimates and assumptions. We believe that the assumptions and estimates used to determine the estimated fair value of our
reporting unit are reasonable. However, these estimates are inherently subjective and there are a number of factors, including factors
outside of our control, that could cause actual results to differ from our estimates. Changes in estimates and assumptions could have a
significant impact on whether or not an impairment charge is recognized and also the magnitude of any such charge. Any changes to
our key assumptions about our businesses and our prospects, timing or amounts of projected cash flows, or changes in market
conditions, could cause the fair value of our reporting unit to fall below its carrying value, resulting in a potential impairment charge.
The key assumptions used in the 2014 Analysis included: (i) cash flow projections through 2025, which include assumptions relative
to forecasted service revenue, equipment revenue, engineering and support service revenue, hosted payload revenue, operating
expenses and Iridium NEXT capital expenditures; (ii) a discount rate of 12.0% applied to the cash flow projections, which was based
on the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the risks associated with the business; (iii) selection of comparable companies
used in the market approach; (iv) assumptions in weighting the results of the income approach and the market approach valuation
techniques; and (v) expected distributions from Aireon. Based on the results of the first step of the 2014 Analysis, the estimated fair
value of the reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. As such, the second step of the goodwill impairment test was not required and
no impairment charge was recorded during the period. In future periods, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates and
assumptions, we may be exposed to impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.
Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization
A portion of our intangible assets consists of our spectrum licenses and trade names which are indefinite-lived intangible assets. We
reevaluate the indefinite life determination for these assets periodically to determine whether events and circumstances continue to
support an indefinite life.
We assess the recoverability of indefinite-lived assets on an annual basis or when indicators of impairment exist. We assess the
possibility of impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value. If the estimated fair value of the
indefinite-lived asset is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized. We make assumptions and apply judgment in
estimating the fair value based on quoted market prices and various other valuation techniques, including replacement costs,
discounted cash flows methods and other market multiple analyses. The various valuation techniques require significant assumptions
about future cash flows, replacement cost, revenue growth, capital expenditures, working capital fluctuations, asset life and
incremental borrowing rates. If actual results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions, we may be exposed to
impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations. Based on the results of the 2014 Analysis, the fair value of the
indefinite-lived assets was greater than their carrying value. As such, no impairment charge was recorded during the period.
Internally Developed Software
We capitalize the costs of acquiring, developing and testing software to meet our internal needs. Capitalization of costs associated
with software obtained or developed for internal use commences when the preliminary project stage is complete and it is probable that
the project will be completed and used to perform the function intended. Capitalized costs include external direct cost of materials and
services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use software as well as payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are
directly associated with, and devote time to, the internal-use software project. Capitalization of these costs ceases no later than the
point in time at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Internal use software costs are amortized
46
once the software is placed in service using the straight-line method over periods ranging from three to seven years. Judgments and
estimates are required in the calculation of capitalized development costs. We evaluate and estimate, based on engineering data, when
the preliminary project stage is completed and the point when the project is substantially complete and ready for use.
Deferred Financing Costs
Direct and incremental costs incurred in connection with securing debt financing are deferred on our balance sheet and amortized as
additional interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the related debt. The effective interest rate calculation
requires us to make assumptions and estimates in determining estimated periodic interest expense. The calculation includes
assumptions and estimates with respect to future borrowing dates and amounts, repayment dates and amounts, and projected future
LIBOR rates. If actual borrowing amounts and dates, repayment amounts and dates, and future LIBOR rates are not consistent with
our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to changes that could be material to our property and equipment, net balance (since
we are capitalizing interest expense as part of the cost of Iridium NEXT), deferred financing costs balance, depreciation expense,
interest expense, income from operations and net income.
Comparison of Our Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2014 and the Year Ended December 31, 2013
($ in thousands)
Revenue:
Service revenue
Commercial
Government
Total service revenue
Subscriber equipment
Engineering and support services
Total revenue
Operating expenses:
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation
and amortization)
Cost of subscriber equipment
Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
Depreciation and amortization
Total operating expenses
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Interest income, net
Undrawn credit facility fees
Other income (expense), net
Total other income (expense)
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Revenue
Year Ended December 31,
2014
% of Total
Revenue
2013
% of Total
Revenue
Change
Dollars
Percent
$ 243,875
65,549
309,424
78,152
20,981
408,557
62,085
54,569
17,587
78,636
72,769
285,646
122,911
3,640
(5,825)
(4,274)
(6,459)
116,452
(41,463)
74,989
$
60%
16%
76%
19%
5%
100%
15%
14%
4%
19%
18%
70%
30%
1%
(2)%
(1)%
(2)%
28%
(10)%
18%
$
232,928
59,164
292,092
73,303
17,254
382,649
59,346
52,062
11,149
75,218
74,980
272,755
109,894
2,276
(7,708)
6,003
571
110,465
(47,948)
62,517
$
61%
15%
76%
19%
5%
100%
16%
14%
3%
19%
19%
71%
29%
1%
(2)%
1%
0%
29%
(13)%
16%
$ 10,947
6,385
17,332
4,849
3,727
25,908
2,739
2,507
6,438
3,418
(2,211)
12,891
13,017
5%
11%
6%
7%
22%
7%
5%
5%
58%
5%
(3)%
5%
12%
1,364
1,883
(10,277)
(7,030)
5,987
6,485
$ 12,472
60%
(24)%
(171)%
(1,231)%
5%
(14)%
20%
Total revenue increased to $408.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to $382.6 million for the prior year. This
increase in total revenue was primarily due to a $17.3 million increase in service revenue, driven by an 11% year-over-year increase
in billable commercial subscribers and a $6.4 million increase in government service revenue. Also contributing to the increase was a
$4.8 million increase in subscriber equipment revenue, primarily related to increased unit sales of L-Band transceivers, handsets,
which include Iridium GO!, and short-burst data devices. In addition, engineering and support service revenue increased by $3.7
million primarily due to the increased scope of work on government-sponsored contracts.
47
Commercial Service Revenue
December 31, 2014
December 31, 2013
Year Ended
Revenue
Billable
Subscribers (1)
ARPU (2)
Revenue
Subscribers (1) ARPU (2)
Revenue
Subscribers ARPU
(Revenue in millions and subscribers in thousands)
Billable
Change
Billable
Commercial voice and
data
Commercial M2M data
Total Commercial
$
$
185.5
58.4
243.9
354 $
325
679
45 $
16
$
184.0
48.9
232.9
340 $
273
613
46 $
16
$
1.5
9.5
11.0
14 $
52
(1)
—
66
(1) Billable subscriber numbers shown are at the end of the respective period.
(2) Average monthly revenue per unit, or ARPU, is calculated by dividing revenue in the respective period by the average of the
number of billable subscribers at the beginning of the period and the number of billable subscribers at the end of the period and
then dividing the result by the number of months in the period.
The increase in commercial voice and data revenue was principally due to the increased number of Iridium OpenPort billable
subscribers, partially offset by decreases in voice and data usage.
Commercial M2M data revenue increased by $9.5 million, or 19%, for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior year
primarily due to a 19% increase in commercial M2M billable subscribers.
Government Service Revenue
Year Ended
December 31, 2014
December 31, 2013
Change
(Revenue in millions and subscribers in thousands)
Billable
Billable
Revenue
Subscribers (1) Revenue
Subscribers (1) Revenue
Billable
Subscribers
Government service revenue
$65.6
60
$59.2
51
$ 6.4
9
(1) Billable subscriber numbers shown are at the end of the respective period.
We provide Iridium airtime and airtime support to U.S. government and other authorized customers pursuant to a five-year Enhanced
Mobile Satellite Services, or EMSS, contract executed in October 2013 and managed by the Defense Information Systems Agency.
The EMSS contract replaced our previous EMSS contract which we originally entered into in April 2008. Under the terms of this
agreement, authorized customers utilize Iridium airtime services provided through the U.S. Department of Defense’s, or DoD’s,
dedicated gateway. These services include unlimited global secure and unsecure voice, low and high-speed data, paging, broadcast
and Distributed Tactical Communications System, or DTCS, services for an unlimited number of DoD and other federal subscribers.
DTCS is a service that provides beyond-line-of-sight, push-to-talk tactical radio service for user-defined groups. The fixed-price rates
in each of the five contract years, which run from October 22 through the following October 21, are $64 million and $72 million in
years one and two, respectively, and $88 million in each of the years three through five.
Government service revenues for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased to $65.6 million from $59.2 million in the prior year as
a result of the current EMSS contract. Under this contract, revenue is a fixed monthly amount and is not based on subscribers or
usage, allowing an unlimited number of users access to existing services. As we continue to innovate and better meet the needs of our
customers, additional services not contemplated under the current EMSS contract may be provided in future periods at an amount
mutually agreed upon by both parties. Based on the fixed-price EMSS contract, we expect government service revenue for 2015 to
exceed 2014.
Subscriber Equipment Revenue
Subscriber equipment revenue increased by $4.8 million, or 7%, to $78.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to
the prior year. This increase was primarily due to increases of $2.9 million and $0.8 million in subscriber equipment revenue related
to L-Band transceivers and M2M devices, respectively. The increases in subscriber equipment revenue for L-Band transceivers and
M2M devices were due to increased unit sales, partially offset by targeted lower pricing on these products designed to promote the
higher volumes we ultimately achieved. In addition, handset revenue increased $1.4 million primarily related to the launch of Iridium
GO!, which contributed $4.0 million for the full year 2014.
48
Engineering and Support Service Revenue
Year Ended
December 31, 2014
December 31, 2013
(In millions)
Change
Government
Commercial
Total
$
$
18.9
2.1
21.0
$
$
15.5
1.8
17.3
$
$
3.4
0.3
3.7
Engineering and support service revenue increased by $3.7 million, or 22%, for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the
prior year primarily due to our entering into new government-sponsored contracts during the second half of 2013 related to gateway
modernization efforts as we transition to Iridium NEXT capabilities. We anticipate an increase in the scope of work for government
contracts in 2015 resulting in overall growth in engineering and support service revenue compared to 2014.
Operating Expenses
Cost of Services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) includes the cost of network engineering and operations staff, including
contractors, software maintenance, product support services and cost of services for government and commercial engineering and
support service revenue.
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) increased by $2.7 million, or 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2014
compared to the prior year primarily due to an increase in costs related to government contracts and satellite operations, partially
offset by decreased costs related to network maintenance and product support.
Cost of Subscriber Equipment
Cost of subscriber equipment includes the direct costs of equipment sold, which consist of manufacturing costs, allocation of
overhead, and warranty costs.
Cost of subscriber equipment increased by $2.5 million, or 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior year
primarily due to higher unit sales, corresponding to the increase in subscriber equipment revenue discussed above. In addition to
increased unit sales, cost of subscriber equipment increased proportionally more than subscriber equipment revenue due to an increase
in the average cost per unit of our handsets and Iridium Pilot units. Iridium Pilot costs increased $1.0 million compared to the prior
year as we implemented product quality improvements. Partially offsetting these increases was a $5.3 million decline in the warranty
provision and a $0.5 million decrease in expense for excess and obsolete inventory primarily related to the Iridium 9505 handset
accessories. The warranty provision decrease was primarily related to fewer expected returns of the Iridium Pilot sold in 2014 and a
decrease in the average repair costs compared to the prior year. The decrease in the warranty provision included a $1.8 million
warranty initiative to replace older Iridium OpenPort units.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses increased by $6.4 million, or 58%, for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior
year primarily due to Iridium NEXT projects including development costs associated with enabling faster data speeds on our network
and subscriber equipment.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses include sales and marketing costs as well as legal, finance, information technology,
facilities, billing and customer care expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $3.4 million, or 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the
prior year primarily due to an increase in employee-related costs including stock-based compensation expense.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $2.2 million, or 3%, for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior
year.
During the third quarter of 2014, we updated our analysis of the current satellites’ remaining useful lives. Based on the results of this
analysis and the refinement of the Iridium NEXT launch schedule and deployment plan, the estimated useful lives of the satellites
within our current constellation were extended and are consistent with the expected deployment of Iridium NEXT. This change in
49
estimated useful life was effective in September 2014, resulting in a $3.8 million decrease in depreciation expense for the year ended
December 31, 2014 when compared to the prior year. We will continue to evaluate the useful lives of our current satellites through the
full deployment of Iridium NEXT as the satellites are placed into service. In addition, amortization expense decreased by $3.0 million
for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior year due to the completion of amortization of certain definite-lived
intangibles in 2014. These certain definite-lived intangibles include customer relationships, intellectual property and software which
were assigned fair value as a result of our 2009 acquisition of Iridium Holdings LLC and were fully amortized over useful lives of
five years.
The decreases described above were partially offset by increases in depreciation expense resulting from additions to property and
equipment for ground infrastructure compatible with Iridium NEXT in addition to a $2.2 million impairment charge that we recorded
during 2014 as a result of having lost communication with three of our in-orbit satellites. We believe the loss of these satellites will
not have a material impact on the useful life of our current satellite constellation. We had in-orbit spare satellites available to replace
the lost satellites. We did not lose any satellites in 2013.
Other Expense
Interest Income, Net
Interest income, net, increased by $1.4 million, or 60%, to $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior
year primarily due to a $1.0 million increase in financing fees recognized on customer receivables and a $0.4 million increase on
interest earned, net of related expenses, on our investments in marketable securities.
Undrawn Credit Facility Fees
The commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility was $5.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared
to $7.7 million for the prior year. The decrease of the commitment fee on the undrawn portion directly relates to the increase in the
amounts borrowed under the Credit Facility as we finance the development of Iridium NEXT. As we continue to draw additional
amounts under the Credit Facility, the undrawn portion and related fees will decrease.
Other Income (Expense), net
Other income (expense), net was $4.3 million of other expense, net for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to $6.0 million of
other income, net for the prior year. This change primarily resulted from a favorable litigation result, which resulted in the 2013
recognition of a previously deferred $10 million hosted payload customer deposit. We did not recognize any income from this
litigation result or similar items in 2014.
Provision for Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2014, our income tax provision was $41.5 million compared to $47.9 million for the prior year. Our
effective tax rate was approximately 35.6% for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to 43.4% for the prior year. The change
in the income tax provision and effective tax rate was primarily related to the impact of the benefit of the Arizona tax law changes
(both tax rate and apportionment method) combined with a decrease in tax expense related to the valuation allowance on our Arizona
net operating losses compared to the prior year. As our current estimates change in future periods, the impact on the deferred tax
assets and liabilities may change correspondingly.
Net Income
Net income was $75.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, an increase of $12.5 million, or 20%, from the prior year. This
increase in net income was driven by a $17.3 million increase in service revenue due to increased billable commercial subscribers and
the favorable impact of the current EMSS contract, a $3.8 million increase in engineering and support service revenue due to new
government-sponsored contracts, a $2.2 million decrease in depreciation and amortization primarily due to the change in our current
satellites’ estimated remaining useful lives, a $6.5 million decrease in our provision for income taxes, and a $1.9 million decrease in
commitment fees on the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility. These increases to net income were partially offset by a $10.3 million
increase in other expenses, net primarily related to the 2013 recognition of a previously deferred $10.0 million hosted payload
customer deposit which did not recur in 2014, a $6.4 million increase in research and development costs primarily for Iridium NEXT
development projects, and a $2.7 million increase in cost of services related to the increase in scope of work for government-
sponsored contracts.
50
Comparison of Our Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2013 and Combined Results of Operations for the
Year Ended December 31, 2012
($ in thousands)
Revenue:
Service revenue
Commercial
Government
Total service revenue
Subscriber equipment
Engineering and support services
Total revenue
Operating expenses:
Cost of services (exclusive of
depreciation and amortization)
Cost of subscriber equipment
Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
Depreciation and amortization
Total operating expenses
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Interest income, net
Undrawn credit facility fees
Other expense, net
Total other expense
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Revenue
Year Ended December 31,
2013
% of Total
Revenue
2012
% of Total
Revenue
Change
Dollars
Percent
$ 232,928
59,164
292,092
73,303
17,254
382,649
59,346
52,062
11,149
75,218
74,980
272,755
109,894
2,276
(7,708)
6,003
571
110,465
(47,948)
$ 62,517
61%
15%
76%
19%
5%
100%
16%
14%
3%
19%
19%
71%
29%
1%
(2)%
1%
0%
29%
(13)%
$ 211,741
61,750
273,491
93,866
16,163
383,520
55%
16%
71%
25%
4%
100%
$ 21,187
(2,586)
18,601
(20,563)
1,091
(871)
60,937
53,285
15,525
67,589
81,110
278,446
105,074
1,072
(10,232)
(896)
(10,056)
95,018
(30,387)
16%
14%
4%
18%
21%
73%
27%
0%
(2)%
0%
(2)%
25%
(8)%
(1,591)
(1,223)
(4,376)
7,629
(6,130)
(5,691)
4,820
1,204
2,524
6,899
10,627
15,447
(17,561)
16%
$
64,631
17%
$ (2,114)
10%
(4)%
7%
(22)%
7%
0%
(3)%
(2)%
(28)%
11%
(8)%
(2)%
5%
112%
(25)%
(770)%
(106)%
16%
58%
(3)%
Total revenue remained relatively flat at $382.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $383.5 million for the
prior year. This slight decrease in total revenue was primarily due to a large decrease in subscriber equipment sales. This decrease was
largely offset by increases in commercial service revenue, due to an increase in access fee revenue resulting from targeted price
increases, an increase in revenue from prepaid e-vouchers resulting from the change in our prepaid airtime policy effective in 2013
and an increase in billable subscribers.
Commercial Service Revenue
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
December 31, 2012
(Revenue in millions and subscribers in thousands)
Billable
Billable
Change
Billable
Revenue
Subscribers (1) ARPU (2)
Revenue
Subscribers (1) ARPU (2)
Revenue
Subscribers ARPU
Commercial voice and
data
Commercial M2M data
Total Commercial
$
$
184.0
48.9
232.9
340
273
613
$
46
16
$
$
170.9
40.8
211.7
$
45
17
332
228
560
$
$
13.1
8.1
21.2
1
(1)
8 $
45
53
(1) Billable subscriber numbers shown are at the end of the respective period.
(2) ARPU is calculated by dividing revenue in the respective period by the average of the number of billable subscribers at the
beginning of the period and the number of billable subscribers at the end of the period and then dividing the result by the
number of months in the period.
51
The increase in commercial voice and data revenue was principally due to an increase in access fee revenue resulting from targeted
price increases, an increase in revenue from prepaid e-vouchers resulting from the change in our prepaid airtime policy effective in 20
13 and an increase in billable subscribers. These increases were partially offset by declines in telephony usage.
Commercial M2M data revenue growth was driven principally by an increase in the billable subscriber base. Commercial M2M data
ARPU decreased by $1 compared to the prior year due to the growth in subscribers using plans that generate lower revenue per user.
Government Service Revenue
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
December 31, 2012
Change
(Revenue in millions and subscribers in thousands)
Revenue
Billable
Subscribers (1)
Revenue
Billable
Subscribers (1)
Revenue
Billable
Subscribers
Government service revenue
$
59.2
51
$
61.8
51
$
(2.6)
—
(1) Billable subscriber numbers shown are at the end of the respective period.
Government service revenue decr eased from $61.8 million to $59.2 million principally due to a $3.0 million decline in revenue
during the first nine months of 2013. This $3.0 million decline was primarily due to a reduction in telephony billable subscribers.
Government service revenues for the fourth quarter of 2013 increased to $15.6 million from $15.2 million in the prior year period as a
result of the execution of the new EMSS contract. Under this contract, revenue is a fixed monthly amount and is no longer based on
subscribers or ARPU.
Subscriber Equipment Revenue
Subscriber equipment revenue decreased 22% to $73.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $93.9 million for
the year ended December 31, 2012. The decrease in subscriber equipment revenue was primarily due to lower handset sales.
Engineering and Support Service Revenue
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
December 31, 2012
(In millions)
Change
Government
Commercial
Total
$
$
15.5
1.8
17.3
$
$
15.0
1.2
16.2
$
$
0.5
0.6
1.1
Engineering and support service revenue increased by $1.1 million, or 7%, from the prior year primarily due to the execution of new
government-sponsored contracts during the second half of 2013 related to gateway modernization efforts as we transition to Iridium
NEXT capabilities.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses decreased by 2% to $272.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $278.5 million for the prior
year. This decrease was primarily due to decreased research and development expenses as well as decreased depreciation and
amortization partially offset by increased selling, general and administrative expenses.
Cost of Services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) decreased by 3% to $59.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013
from $60.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 primarily due to a decline in operations and maintenance costs related to
our existing constellation as we continue to focus on Iridium NEXT development efforts.
Cost of Subscriber Equipment
Cost of subscriber equipment decreased by 2% to $52.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $53.3 million for the
prior year primarily due to the decrease in unit sales, corresponding to the decline in subscriber equipment revenue discussed above.
This decrease was partially offset by a $6.9 million increase in warranty expense recorded during 2013 related to higher warranty
claims and other warranty-related initiatives for the Iridium Pilot terminals. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2013, we
recorded a $1.5 million expense for excess and obsolete inventory primarily related to Iridium 9505 handset accessories. No similar
charge was incurred during 2012.
52
Research and Development
Research and development expenses decreased by 28% to $11.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $15.5 million for
the prior year primarily due to decreases in research and development projects associated with Iridium NEXT.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 11% to $75.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $67.6
million for the prior year primarily due to an increase in employee-related costs and professional fees, partially offset by the reversal
of $0.7 million of bad debt expense originally recorded in 2012.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased by 8% to $75.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $81.1 million
for the prior year. During the second quarter of 2012, we updated our analysis of the current satellite constellation’s health and the
remaining useful life. Based on the results of this analysis, we estimated that our current constellation of satellites would be
operational for longer than previously expected. As a result, the estimated useful life of the current constellation was extended and
was consistent with the expected deployment of Iridium NEXT. This change in estimated useful life was only effective for three
quarters in 2012 but was effective for all four quarters of 2013, which resulted in a decrease in depreciation expense for the year
ended December 31, 2013 when compared to the prior year. Additionally, the year-over-year decrease was due to a $2.0 million
impairment charge within depreciation expense related to the impairment of an in-orbit satellite with which we lost communication
during 2012. No such impairment occurred in 2013.
Other Expense
Interest Income, Net
Interest income, net, increased to $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $1.1 million for the prior year primarily
due to our investment of excess cash in marketable securities beginning in the first quarter of 2013. Our marketable securities yielded
higher interest income than our operating cash accounts.
Undrawn Credit Facility Fees
The commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility was $7.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared
to $10.2 million for the prior year. The decrease of the commitment fee on the undrawn portion directly relates to the increase in the
amounts borrowed under the Credit Facility as we finance the development of Iridium NEXT.
Other Income (Expense), net
Other income (expense), net increased to $6.0 million of income for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $0.9 million of expense
for the prior year. This increase was primarily due to a favorable litigation result, which resulted in the recognition of a previously
deferred $10 million hosted payload customer deposit. This increase was partially offset by our share of the loss from our equity
method investment in Aireon, which increased compared to the prior year. Following NAV CANADA’s purchase of Aireon preferred
membership interests on November 19, 2012, Aireon is now accounted for as an equity method investment within our financial
statements, and our investment is included within other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Prior to November 19, 2012, we
consolidated Aireon’s results with our results as a wholly owned subsidiary.
Provision for Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2013, our income tax provision was $47.9 million compared to $30.4 million for the prior year. Our
effective tax rate was approximately 43.4% for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 32.0% for the prior year. The change
in the income tax provision and effective tax rate was primarily related to the decrease in the impact of the benefit of the Arizona tax
law changes recognized in 2012, an increase in the valuation allowance on our Arizona net operating losses, an increase in our overall
state tax expense, and an increase in our income before income taxes compared to the prior year. As our current estimates change in
future periods, the impact on the deferred tax assets and liabilities may change correspondingly.
Net Income
Net income was $62.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, a decrease of 3%, or $2.1 million, from the prior year. This
decline in net income was primarily driven by a $17.6 million increase in the provision for income taxes. The change in the income
tax provision was primarily due to the decrease in the impact of the benefit of the Arizona tax law changes recognized in 2012, an
increase in the valuation allowance on our Arizona net operating losses, an increase in our overall state tax expense and an increase in
our income before tax compared to the prior year. Also contributing to the decline in net income was a $7.6 million increase in selling
53
general and administrative costs primarily for employee related costs and professional fees. These year-over-year decreases to net
income were partially offset by the recognition of a previously deferred $10 million hosted payload customer deposit, a $6.1 million
decrease in depreciation and amortization expense primarily resulting from the change in the estimated useful lives of our satellites,
and a $4.4 million decrease in research and development due to decreases in research and development projects associated with
Iridium NEXT.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2014, our total cash and cash equivalents balance was $211.2 million, and our marketable securities balance was
$261.1 million. Our principal sources of liquidity are cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, internally generated cash
flows, and the Credit Facility. Our principal liquidity requirements are to meet capital expenditure needs, principally the design, build
and launch of Iridium NEXT, as well as for working capital, interest payments on the Credit Facility, and dividends payable on our
Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock.
We estimate the aggregate costs associated with the design, build and launch of Iridium NEXT and related infrastructure upgrades
through 2017 to be approximately $3 billion. Our funding plan for these costs includes the substantial majority of the funds available
under the Credit Facility, together with cash and marketable securities on hand, and internally generated cash flows, including
potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME. We currently use the Credit Facility to pay 85% of each invoice we
receive from Thales Alenia Space France, or Thales, under their contract for the development and construction of our Iridium NEXT
satellites, with the remaining 15% funded from cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities on hand. We also utilize the Credit
Facility to fund the COFACE insurance premiums and a portion of the interest under the Credit Facility. Once the Credit Facility is
fully drawn, we expect to pay 100% of each invoice we receive from Thales and all interest on the Credit Facility from cash, cash
equivalents and marketable securities on hand, and internally generated cash flows, including potential cash flows from hosted
payloads and Iridium PRIME.
The Credit Facility contains borrowing restrictions, including financial performance covenants and covenants relating to hosted
payloads, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to borrow funds under the Credit Facility. There can also be
no assurance that our internally generated cash flows, including those from Iridium PRIME and hosted payloads on our Iridium
NEXT satellites, will meet our current expectations. If we do not generate sufficient cash flows, or if the cost of implementing Iridium
NEXT or the other elements of our business plan are higher than anticipated, we may need further external funding. Our ability to
obtain additional funding may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including global economic conditions, and we cannot
assure you that we will be able to obtain such funding on reasonable terms or at all. If we are not able to secure such funding in a
timely manner, our ability to maintain our network, to design, build and launch Iridium NEXT and related ground infrastructure,
products and services, and to pursue additional growth opportunities will be impaired, and we would likely need to delay some
elements of our Iridium NEXT development. Our liquidity and our ability to fund our liquidity requirements are also dependent on
our future financial performance, which is subject to general economic, financial, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our
control.
Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of $7.00 per share. Dividends
are payable quarterly in arrears on each March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15, beginning September 15, 2014. For each
full quarter that the Series A Preferred Stock is outstanding, and assuming that no shares of Series A Preferred Stock have been
converted into shares of our common stock, we would be required to pay cash dividends of $1.75 million. We expect that we will
satisfy dividend requirements, if and when declared, from internally generated cash flows.
Holders of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of $16.875 per share.
Dividends are payable quarterly in arrears on each March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15. For each full quarter that the
Series B Preferred Stock is outstanding, and assuming that no shares of Series B Preferred Stock have been converted into shares of
our common stock, we would be required to pay cash dividends of $2.1 million. We expect that we will satisfy dividend requirements,
if and when declared, from internally generated cash flows.
As of December 31, 2014, we had borrowed a total of $1,291.4 million under the Credit Facility. The unused portion of the Credit
Facility as of December 31, 2014 was $508.6 million. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, a minimum cash reserve for debt service
of $86.0 million as of December 31, 2014 was maintained and classified as restricted cash. This minimum cash reserve requirement
will increase over the term of the Credit Facility to $189.0 million in 2017. In addition to the minimum debt service levels, financial
covenants under the Credit Facility, as amended and restated in May 2014, include:
•
•
•
an available cash balance of at least $25 million;
a debt-to-equity ratio, which is calculated as the ratio of total net debt to the aggregate of total net debt and total
stockholders’ equity, of no more than 0.7 to 1, measured each June 30 and December 31;
specified maximum levels of annual capital expenditures (excluding expenditures on the construction of Iridium NEXT
satellites) through the year ending December 31, 2024;
54
•
•
•
•
specified minimum levels of consolidated operational earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or
operational EBITDA, for the 12-month periods ending each December 31 and June 30 through December 31, 2017;
specified minimum cumulative cash flow requirements from customers who have hosted payloads on our satellites,
measured each December 31 and June 30, from June 30, 2016 through December 31, 2017;
a debt service coverage ratio, measured during the repayment period, of not less than 1 to 1.5; and
specified maximum leverage levels during the repayment period that decline from a ratio of 4.73 to 1 for the twelve
months ending June 30, 2018 to a ratio of 2.36 to 1 for the twelve months ending December 31, 2024.
Our available cash balance, as defined by the Credit Facility, was $290.2 million as of December 31, 2014. Our debt-to-equity ratio
was 0.47 to 1 as of December 31, 2014. We were also in compliance with the operational EBITDA covenant and the annual capital
expenditure covenant as of December 31, 2014.
The covenants regarding capital expenditures, operational EBITDA and hosted payload cash flows are calculated in connection with a
measurement, which we refer to as available cure amount, that is derived using a complex calculation based on overall cash flows, as
adjusted by numerous measures specified in the Credit Facility. In a period in which our capital expenditures exceed, or our
operational EBITDA or hosted payload cash flows falls short of, the amount specified in the respective covenant, we would be
permitted to allocate available cure amount, if any, to prevent a breach of the applicable covenant. As of December 31, 2014, we had
an available cure amount of $7.5 million, though it was not required to maintain compliance with the covenants. The available cure
amount has fluctuated significantly from one measurement period to the next, and we expect that it will continue to do so.
The covenants also place limitations on our ability and that of our subsidiaries to carry out mergers and acquisitions, dispose of assets,
grant security interests, declare, make or pay dividends, enter into transactions with affiliates, fund payments under the full scale
development contract, or FSD, with Thales from our own resources, incur additional indebtedness, or make loans, guarantees or
indemnities. If we are not in compliance with the financial covenants under the Credit Facility, after any opportunity to cure such non-
compliance, or we otherwise experience an event of default under the Credit Facility, the lenders may require repayment in full of all
principal and interest outstanding under the Credit Facility. It is unlikely we would have adequate funds to repay such amounts prior
to the scheduled maturity of the Credit Facility. If we fail to repay such amounts, the lenders may foreclose on the assets we have
pledged under the Credit Facility, which include substantially all of our assets and those of our domestic subsidiaries.
We believe that our liquidity sources will provide sufficient funds for us to meet our liquidity requirements for at least the next 12
months
Cash and Indebtedness
At December 31, 2014, our total cash equivalents balance was $211.2 million, our total marketable securities balance was $261.1
million, and we had an aggregate of $1,291.4 million of external indebtedness related to borrowings under the Credit Facility.
Cash Flows - Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2014 and the Year Ended December 31, 2013
The following table shows our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the years ended
December 31 (in millions):
Statement of Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities
2014
2013
Change
$
$
$
214.9
(626.3)
438.8
$
$
$
183.0
(485.8)
234.7
$
$
$
31.9
(140.5)
204.1
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased by $31.9 million from the prior year. This
increase was primarily due to a $28.6 million increase in cash collections from customers primarily due to the increase in total
revenue. Also contributing to this increase was a $5.0 million increase in hosted payload customer deposits compared to the prior
year.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased by $140.5 million primarily due to the increase
in net purchases of marketable securities by $107.9 million and a $37.5 million increase in capital expenditures related to Iridium
NEXT, including payments related to the purchase of equipment and software for our satellite, network and gateway operations.
55
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased by $204.1 million primarily due to the
receipt of $120.8 million and $98.9 million of net proceeds from the issuance of our Series B Preferred Stock and common stock,
respectively, during 2014; no similar proceeds were received in 2013. This increase was partially offset by a $35.2 million decrease in
borrowings under the Credit Facility for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior year.
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
The effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents was a decrease of $2.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2014. The decrease in the effect on cash held from exchange rate changes is primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar
against the Russian ruble throughout 2014.
Cash Flows - Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2013 and the Year Ended December 31, 2012
The following table shows our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the years ended
December 31 (in millions):
Statement of Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities
2013
2012
Change
$
$
$
183.0
(485.8)
234.7
$
$
$
174.0
(443.5)
387.6
$
$
$
9.0
(42.3)
(152.9)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 increased by $9.0 million from the prior year. This
increase was primarily due to the receipt of $7.0 million in hosted payload customer deposits during 2013 and a $3.1 million income
tax refund received in 2013.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 increased by $42.3 million primarily due to the net
purchase of marketable securities for $77.3 million and our $5.0 million investment in Aireon in 2013. These uses of cash were
partially offset by a $38.1 million decline in capital expenditures related to Iridium NEXT, including payments related to the purchase
of equipment and software for our satellite, network and gateway operations.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 decreased by $152.9 million primarily due to the
receipt of $96.5 million of net proceeds from the issuance of our Series A Preferred Stock during 2012; no similar proceeds were
received in 2013. In addition, borrowings under the Credit Facility for the year ended December 31, 2013 were $47.2 million less than
borrowings for the prior year.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
The following table summarizes our outstanding contractual obligations as of December 31, 2014 (in millions):
Contractual Obligations
Payment obligations:
Thales (1)
SpaceX
Kosmotras (2)
Boeing (3)
Debt obligations (4)
Operating lease obligations (5)
Uncertain tax positions (6)
Unconditional purchase obligations (7)
Total
Less than
1 year
1-3 Years
3-5 years
More than
5 years
Total
$ 554.2
150.0
23.0
33.3
10.9
3.1
0.3
19.0
$ 793.8
$ 302.7
150.5
-
-
12.9
5.7
-
0.1
$ 471.9
$ 64.7
-
-
-
290.6
6.0
-
-
$ 361.3
$
$
-
-
-
-
987.9
6.8
-
-
994.7
$ 921.6
300.5
23.0
33.3
1,302.3
21.6
1.2
19.1
$2,622.6
(1)
Thales obligations consist of commitments under the FSD for the design and manufacture of satellites for Iridium NEXT. We
currently use the Credit Facility to pay 85% of each invoice received from Thales under the FSD with the remaining 15%
funded from cash on hand. Once the Credit Facility is fully drawn, we expect to pay 100% of each invoice received from Thales
from cash and marketable securities on hand as well as internally generated cash flow, including potential cash flows from
hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME.
56
(2) Kosmotras obligations consist of remaining payments to purchase one launch under the existing Kosmotras agreement. The
Kosmotras agreement, as amended, provided for the purchase of up to six launches with options to purchase additional
launches. Each launch can carry two satellites. In June 2013, we exercised an option for one launch to carry the first two Iridium
NEXT satellites. If we do not exercise any additional options, the total cost under the contract including this single launch will
be $51.8 million. As of December 31, 2014, we had made aggregate payments of $28.8 million to Kosmotras. The option to
purchase two dedicated launches expired as of December 31, 2013. We have agreed with Kosmotras to extend the option to
purchase the remaining three dedicated launches through a date to be determined.
In 2014, we elected to make a transition from the O&M Agreement to the Iridium NEXT Support Services Agreement with
Boeing. As of January 1, 2015, Boeing supports a hybrid operations mode involving network elements from both the original
Iridium system and the Iridium NEXT system. The Boeing obligations represent the not to exceed, or NTE, price for operations
and maintenance, or O&M, services for 2015 under our Iridium NEXT Support Services Agreement with Boeing. Boeing is the
exclusive provider for the majority of O&M services through the end of the Iridium NEXT useful life, subject to our right to
issue work to a third party in accordance with certain provisions in the agreement. Annually, we and Boeing will agree upon the
NTE price for each year.
(3)
(4) Debt obligations include amounts drawn under the Credit Facility as of December 31, 2014, which include $1,291.4 million of
outstanding debt obligations, $1.3 million of accrued commitment fees on the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility and $9.6
million of accrued interest through December 31, 2014. We have not included future debt obligations or future interest costs in
the table because the timing of the payments is unknown and there is a variable component of the interest. We have also
excluded future amounts for the commitment fee, which is 0.80% per year on any undrawn portion of the Credit Facility, as the
timing of additional borrowings is unknown.
(5) Operating lease obligations do not include payments to landlords covering real estate taxes, common area maintenance and
other charges, as such fees are not determinable based upon the provisions of our lease agreements.
(6) As of December 31, 2014, we estimated our uncertain tax positions to be $1.2 million, including penalties and interest. We
estimate that $0.3 million of our uncertain tax position will expire or be realized within the next 12 months. However, we are
unable to reasonably estimate the period of the possible future payments for the remaining balance, and therefore the remaining
balance has not been reflected in a specified period.
(7) Unconditional purchase obligations include our agreement with a supplier for the manufacturing of our devices and various
commitments with other vendors that are enforceable, legally binding and have specified terms, including fixed or minimum
quantities, minimum or variable price provisions, and a fixed timeline. Unconditional purchase obligations do not include
agreements that are cancelable by us without penalty.
The contractual obligations table does not include future payments of dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred
Stock. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends when, as and if declared from, and
including, the date of original issue at a rate of 7.00% per annum of the $100 liquidation preference per share, which is equivalent to
an annual rate of $7.00 per share. Holders of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends when, as and
if declared from, and including, the date of original issue at a rate of 6.75% per annum of the $250 liquidation preference per share,
which is equivalent to an annual rate of $16.875 per share. Dividends on both the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred
Stock are payable quarterly in arrears, on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year. Neither the Series A
Preferred Stock nor the Series B Preferred stock has a stated maturity date. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred
Stock may convert some or all of their outstanding shares to common stock at the stated conversion rate. On or after October 3, 2017,
we may at our option cause some or all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be automatically converted into shares of common
stock at the then prevailing conversion rate if specified conditions are satisfied. On or after May 15, 2019, we may, at our option,
convert some or all of the Series B Preferred Stock into the number of shares of common stock that are issuable at the then-applicable
conversion rate, subject to specified conditions. We cannot forecast the conversions, if any, of Series A Preferred Stock or Series B
Preferred Stock to common stock and thus cannot forecast with certainty the amounts of future dividend payments on outstanding
Series A Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2014, there were 1,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and 500,000 shares of
Series B Preferred Stock outstanding.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not currently have, nor have we had in the last three years, any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial
partnerships, such as entities referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the
purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Seasonality
Our results of operations have been subject to seasonal usage changes for commercial customers, and our results will be affected by
similar seasonality going forward. March through October are typically the peak months for commercial voice services revenue and
related subscriber equipment sales. U.S. government revenue and commercial M2M revenue have been less subject to seasonal usage
changes.
57
Recent Accounting Developments
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, and the International Accounting Standards Board jointly issued a
comprehensive new revenue recognition standard, Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with
Customers , or ASU 2014-09, that will supersede nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. ASU 2014-09
requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the
consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for
public entities for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is not permitted. ASU 2014-09
becomes effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. We have not yet selected a transition method, and we are currently
evaluating the effect, if any, that ASU 2014-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern
(Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern , or ASU 2014-15, which
provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going-concern uncertainties in the financial statements. The new
standard requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within
one year after the date the financial statements are issued. An entity must provide certain disclosures if conditions or events raise
substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 applies to all entities and is effective for
annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. We are currently
evaluating the effect, if any, that ASU 2014-15 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalent and marketable securities balances is subject to interest rate fluctuations. For the
year ended December 31, 2014, a one-half percentage point increase or decrease in interest rates would not have had a material effect
on our interest income.
The fixed price under the FSD with Thales is denominated in U.S. dollars. As a result, we do not bear any foreign currency exchange
risk under the FSD.
We entered into the Credit Facility in October 2010 and have borrowed $1,291.4 million under the Credit Facility as of December 31,
2014. A portion of the borrowings under the Credit Facility bears interest at a floating rate equal to the LIBOR plus 1.95% and will,
accordingly, subject us to interest rate fluctuations in future periods. Had the currently outstanding borrowings under the Credit
Facility been outstanding throughout the year ended December 31, 2014, a one-half percentage point increase or decrease in the
LIBOR would have changed our interest cost by less than $0.1 million for the year.
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, as well
as accounts receivable. We maintain our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions with high credit ratings and at times
maintain the balance of our deposits in excess of federally insured limits. The majority of our cash is swept nightly into a money
market fund invested in U.S. treasuries, Agency Mortgage Backed Securities and/or U.S. government guaranteed debt. Accounts
receivable are due from both domestic and international customers. We perform credit evaluations of our customers’ financial
condition and record reserves to provide for estimated credit losses. Accounts payable are owed to both domestic and international
vendors.
We also currently hold marketable securities consisting of commercial paper and fixed-income debt securities. As of December 31,
2014, a 100 basis point change in interest rates would not have had a material impact on the fair value of our marketable securities.
58
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Iridium Communications Inc.:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Balance Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page
60
61
62
63
64
66
59
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Iridium Communications Inc.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Iridium Communications Inc. as of December 31, 2014 and 2013,
and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of
Iridium Communications Inc. at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Iridium
Communications Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal
Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework)
and our report dated February 26, 2015, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
McLean, Virginia
February 26, 2015
60
Iridium Communications Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share data)
December 31,
2014
December 31,
2013
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Marketable securities
Accounts receivable, net
Inventory
Deferred income tax assets, net
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Total current assets
Property and equipment, net
Restricted cash
Other assets
Intangible assets, net
Deferred financing costs
Goodwill
Total assets
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Interest payable
Deferred revenue
Total current liabilities
Accrued satellite operations and maintenance
expense, net of current portion
Credit facility
Deferred income tax liabilities, net
Deferred revenue, net of current portion
Other long-term liabilities
Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity
Series A Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, issued and
outstanding
Series B Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value, 500 and zero shares authorized, issued
and outstanding, respectively
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 300,000 shares authorized and 93,905 and 76,690
shares issued and outstanding, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
See notes to consolidated financial statements
61
$
$
$
$
211,249
261,136
50,672
28,433
11,009
10,614
573,113
1,971,839
86,104
7,726
47,416
136,444
87,039
2,909,681
17,677
38,419
9,589
36,665
102,350
15,051
1,291,401
245,042
20,689
3,284
1,677,817
-
-
94
1,033,176
201,514
(2,920)
1,231,864
2,909,681
$
$
$
186,342
76,647
54,758
29,532
9,076
13,203
369,558
1,575,579
81,223
8,909
57,452
130,036
87,039
2,309,796
12,934
39,209
7,989
41,367
101,499
16,389
1,039,203
202,825
7,000
3,385
1,370,301
-
-
77
801,262
138,845
(689)
939,495
$
2,309,796
Iridium Communications Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Year Ended
December 31, 2014
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
Year Ended
December 31, 2012
Revenue:
Services
Subscriber equipment
Engineering and support services
Total revenue
Operating expenses:
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
Cost of subscriber equipment
Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
Depreciation and amortization
Total operating expenses
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Interest income, net
Undrawn credit facility fees
Other income (expense), net
Total other income (expense)
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Series A Preferred Stock dividends
Series B Preferred Stock dividends
Net income attributable to common stockholders
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share - basic
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share - diluted
Comprehensive income:
Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax
Comprehensive income
$
$
$
$
$
$
309,424
78,152
20,981
408,557
62,085
54,569
17,587
78,636
72,769
285,646
122,911
3,640
(5,825)
(4,274)
(6,459)
116,452
(41,463)
74,989
7,000
5,320
62,669
88,080
109,400
0.71
0.69
74,989
(2,325)
94
72,758
$
$
$
$
$
$
292,092
73,303
17,254
382,649
59,346
52,062
11,149
75,218
74,980
272,755
109,894
2,276
(7,708)
6,003
571
110,465
(47,948)
62,517
7,000
-
55,517
76,909
87,511
0.72
0.71
62,517
(322)
(10)
62,185
$
$
$
$
$
$
273,491
93,866
16,163
383,520
60,937
53,285
15,525
67,589
81,110
278,446
105,074
1,072
(10,232)
(896)
(10,056)
95,018
(30,387)
64,631
1,692
-
62,939
74,239
78,182
0.85
0.83
64,631
(132)
-
64,499
See notes to consolidated financial statements
62
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Iridium Communications Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
Year Ended
December 31, 2014
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
Year Ended
December 31, 2012
$
74,989
$
62,517
$
64,631
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Non-cash items included in net income:
Deferred income taxes
Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation
Provision for doubtful accounts
Provision for obsolete inventory
Loss on equity method investment
Amortization of premiums on marketable securities
Non-cash foreign currency losses, net
Realized loss on sale of marketable securities
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable
Inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Income tax receivable
Other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Deferred revenue
Accrued satellite and network operation expense, net of
current portion
Other long-term liabilities
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures
Purchases of marketable securities
Sales and maturities of marketable securities
Investment in equity method affiliate
Net cash used in investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings under the Credit Facility
Payment of deferred financing fees
Restricted cash deposits
Releases from restricted cash
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Tax payment upon settlement of stock awards
Payment of warrant exchange transaction costs
Proceeds from issuance of Series A Preferred Stock, net of issuance
costs
Proceeds from issuance of Series B Preferred Stock, net of issuance
costs
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
Payment of Series A Preferred Stock dividends
Payment of Series B Preferred Stock dividends
Net cash provided by financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
40,226
72,769
9,601
13
931
4,130
709
962
-
3,855
251
1,520
679
(2,926)
(2,636)
634
10,603
(1,338)
(100)
214,872
(441,065)
(275,819)
90,630
-
(626,254)
252,198
(17,580)
(15,889)
11,009
-
1,508
(83)
-
-
120,753
98,897
(7,000)
(4,969)
438,844
(2,555)
24,907
186,342
211,249
$
47,095
74,980
6,715
(525)
1,479
3,332
546
-
82
1,901
(4,633)
(7,684)
3,617
(4,328)
(5,603)
9,694
5,612
(1,338)
(10,411)
183,048
(403,547)
(126,408)
49,119
(5,000)
(485,836)
287,416
(18,716)
(26,990)
-
3
25
(26)
-
-
-
-
(7,000)
-
234,712
-
(68,076)
254,418
186,342
$
29,549
81,110
7,332
722
-
826
-
-
-
561
(11,199)
(200)
28
364
464
(6,400)
7,310
(1,338)
263
174,023
(441,654)
-
-
(1,888)
(443,542)
334,654
(22,168)
(27,079)
-
9,114
43
-
(2,073)
96,499
-
-
(1,419)
-
387,571
-
118,052
136,366
254,418
See notes to consolidated financial statements
64
Iridium Communications Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, continued
(In thousands)
Year Ended
December 31, 2014
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
Year Ended
December 31, 2012
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid
Income taxes paid (refunded), net
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities:
Property and equipment received but not paid for yet
Interest capitalized but not paid
Capitalized paid-in-kind interest
Capitalized amortization of deferred financing costs
Capitalized stock-based compensation
Contribution of fixed assets to equity method investment
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Dividends accrued on Series A Preferred Stock
Dividends accrued on Series B Preferred Stock
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
15,009
184
16,566
9,589
34,147
11,174
1,259
-
292
351
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
11,255
(2,920)
10,690
7,989
25,715
12,475
1,034
-
292
-
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
6,971
348
3,516
5,359
16,059
3,896
819
1,353
273
-
See notes to consolidated financial statements
65
Iridium Communications Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2014
1. Organization and Business
Iridium Communications Inc. (the “Company”), a Delaware corporation, offers voice and data communications services and products
to businesses, U.S. and international government agencies and other customers on a global basis. The Company is a provider of
mobile voice and data communications services via a constellation of low earth orbiting satellites. The Company holds various
licenses and authorizations from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) and from foreign regulatory bodies that
permit the Company to conduct its business, including the operation of its satellite constellation.
2. Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The Company has prepared the consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of (i) the Company, (ii) its
wholly owned subsidiaries, and (iii) all less than wholly owned subsidiaries that the Company controls. All intercompany transactions
and balances have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from
those estimates.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company evaluates assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring and non-recurring basis to determine
the appropriate level to classify them for each reporting period. This determination requires significant judgments to be made by
management of the Company. The instruments identified as subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis are cash and cash
equivalents, marketable securities, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued
expenses and other current liabilities. Fair value is the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a
liability assuming an orderly transaction in the most advantageous market at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a
hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of observability of inputs used in measuring fair value. The
fair value hierarchy consists of the following tiers:
•
•
•
Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2, defined as observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities;
quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable
market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and
Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its
own assumptions.
The carrying values of short-term financial instruments (primarily cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current
assets, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities) approximate their fair values because
of their short-term nature. The fair value of the Company’s investments in money market funds approximates its carrying value; such
instruments are classified as Level 1 and are included in cash and cash equivalents on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The fair value of the Company’s investments in commercial paper and short-term U.S. agency securities with original maturities of
less than ninety days approximates their carrying value; such instruments are classified as Level 2 and are included in cash and cash
equivalents on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The fair value of the Company’s investments in fixed-income debt securities and commercial paper with original maturities of greater
than ninety days are obtained using similar investments traded on active securities exchanges and are classified as Level 2 and are
included in marketable securities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. For fixed income securities that do not have
quoted prices in active markets, the Company uses third-party vendors to price its debt securities resulting in classification as Level 2.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash
equivalents, marketable securities, and receivables. The majority of cash is swept nightly into a money market fund invested in U.S.
66
treasuries, Agency Mortgage Backed Securities and/or U.S. Government guaranteed debt. While the Company maintains its cash and
cash equivalents with financial institutions with high credit ratings, it often maintains those deposits in federally insured financial
institutions in excess of federally insured (FDIC) limits. The Company’s marketable securities are highly-rated corporate and foreign
fixed-income debt securities and commercial paper with an original maturity in excess of ninety days. The Company performs credit
evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and records reserves to provide for estimated credit losses. Accounts receivable are
due from both domestic and international customers.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of ninety days or less to be cash equivalents. These
investments, along with cash deposited in institutional money market funds, regular interest bearing depository accounts and non-
interest bearing depository accounts, are classified as cash and cash equivalents on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The Company is required to maintain a minimum cash reserve for debt service related to its $1.8 billion loan facility (the “Credit
Facility”). As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company’s restricted cash balance, which includes a minimum cash reserve for
debt service related to the Credit Facility and the interest earned on these amounts, was $86.1 million and $81.2 million, respectively.
For further discussion on the cash reserve for debt service related to the Credit Facility, see the Commitments and Contingencies
footnote below.
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities consist of fixed-income debt securities and commercial paper with an original maturity in excess of ninety days.
These investments are classified as available-for-sale and are included in marketable securities within current assets on the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets. All investments are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, are
reported as a component of other comprehensive income or loss. The specific identification method is used to determine the cost basis
of the marketable securities sold. There were no material realized gains or losses on the sale of marketable securities for the years
ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company regularly monitors and evaluates the fair value of its investments to identify other-
than-temporary declines in value. The Company determined that the decline in fair value of these investments is temporary as the
Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not likely that the Company will be required to sell the securities before the
recovery of their amortized cost basis.
Accounts Receivable
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and are subject to late fee penalties. Management develops its estimate
of an allowance for uncollectible receivables based on the Company’s experience with specific customers, aging of outstanding
invoices, its understanding of customers’ current economic circumstances and its own judgment as to the likelihood that the Company
will ultimately receive payment. The Company writes off its accounts receivable when balances ultimately are deemed uncollectible.
The allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.9 million and $0.5 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Foreign Currencies
The functional currency of the Company’s foreign consolidated subsidiaries is the local currency. Assets and liabilities of its foreign
subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars based on exchange rates at the end of the reporting period. Income and expense items are
translated at the weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments are accumulated in a
separate component of stockholders’ equity. Transaction gains or losses are classified as other income (expense), net in the
accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
Internally Developed Software
The Company capitalizes the costs of acquiring, developing and testing software to meet its internal needs. Capitalization of costs
associated with software obtained or developed for internal use commences when the preliminary project stage is complete and it is
probable that the project will be completed and used to perform the function intended. Capitalized costs include only (i) external
direct cost of materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use software and (ii) payroll and payroll-related
costs for employees who are directly associated with, and devote time to, the internal-use software project. Capitalization of such
costs ceases no later than the point at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Internal use software
costs are amortized once the software is placed in service using the straight-line method over periods ranging from three to seven
years.
Deferred Financing Costs
Direct and incremental costs incurred in connection with securing debt financing are deferred and are amortized as additional interest
expense using the effective interest method over the term of the related debt.
67
As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had deferred approximately $136.4 million and $130.0 million, respectively, of
direct and incremental financing costs, net of amortization, associated with securing debt financing for Iridium NEXT, the Company’s
next-generation satellite constellation.
Capitalized Interest
Interest costs associated with financing the Company’s assets during the construction period of Iridium NEXT have been capitalized.
Capitalized interest and interest expense were as follows:
Capitalized interest
Interest expense
Total interest
$
$
2014
Year Ended December 31,
2013
(In thousands)
52,136
$
583
$
62,019
954
62,973
$
52,719
$
2012
29,305
114
29,419
Inventory
Inventory consists primarily of finished goods, although the Company at times also maintains an inventory of raw materials from
third-party manufacturers. The Company outsources manufacturing of subscriber equipment to third-party manufacturers and
purchases accessories from third-party suppliers. The Company’s cost of inventory includes an allocation of overhead (including
payroll and payroll-related costs of employees directly involved in bringing inventory to its existing condition, and freight).
Inventories are valued using the average cost method and are carried at the lower of cost or market. Accordingly, the Company
recorded a $0.9 million and $1.5 million expense included within cost of subscriber equipment for excess and obsolete inventory
primarily related to Iridium 9505 handset accessories for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. No similar
charge was incurred during 2012.
The Company has manufacturing agreements with two suppliers to manufacture subscriber equipment, one of which contains
minimum monthly purchase requirements. The Company’s purchases have exceeded the monthly minimum requirements since
inception. Pursuant to an agreement with the suppliers, the Company may be required to purchase excess materials if the materials are
not used in production within the periods specified in the agreement. The suppliers will then repurchase such materials from the
Company at the same price paid by the Company, as required for the production of the subscriber equipment.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation at fair value. The fair value of stock options is determined at the grant date
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) is equal to the closing price of the
underlying common stock on the grant date. The fair value of an award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized on a straight-
line basis over the requisite service or performance period and is classified in the consolidated statements of operations and
comprehensive income in a manner consistent with the classification of the recipient’s compensation. The expected vesting of the
Company’s performance-based RSUs is based upon the likelihood that the Company achieves the defined performance goals. The
level of achievement of performance goals, if any, is determined by the compensation committee. Stock-based awards to non-
employee consultants are expensed at their fair value as services are provided according to the terms of their agreements and are
classified in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and
comprehensive income. Classification of stock-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows:
2014
2013
Property and equipment, net
Inventory
Cost of subscriber equipment
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
$
$
(In thousands)
1,176
83
152
824
312
8,313
Total stock-based compensation
$
10,860
$
991
43
32
550
132
6,001
7,749
68
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over
the following estimated useful lives:
Satellites
Ground system
Equipment
Internally developed software and purchased software
Building
Building improvements
Leasehold improvements
15-18 years
5-7 years
3-5 years
3-7 years
39 years
5-39 years
shorter of useful life or remaining lease term
The estimated useful lives of the Company’s current constellation of satellites reflect the remaining period of expected use for each
satellite. Satellites are depreciated on a straight-line basis through the date they will be replaced by Iridium NEXT satellites. Based on
the current launch schedule, the Company expects Iridium NEXT satellites to begin deployment in the second half of 2015, with the
final launch expected to occur in 2017.
The Company calculates depreciation expense using the straight-line method and evaluates the appropriateness of the useful life used
in this calculation on a quarterly basis or as events occur that require additional assessment. During 2012, the Company updated its
analysis of the current satellite constellation’s health and remaining useful life. Based on the results of this analysis, the Company
estimated that its current constellation of satellites would be operational for longer than previously expected. As a result, the estimated
useful life of the current constellation was extended and was consistent with the expected deployment of Iridium NEXT. In September
2014, the Company further updated its analysis of the current satellites’ remaining useful lives based on the refinement of the launch
schedule and deployment plan for Iridium NEXT. As a result, the estimated useful lives of the satellites within the current
constellation have been extended and are consistent with the expected deployment of Iridium NEXT. These changes in estimated
useful life resulted in a decrease in depreciation expense compared to the prior year. The change in accounting estimate reduced
depreciation expense in 2014 and 2012 by $3.8 million and $19.6 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the
reduction in depreciation expense increased each of basic and diluted net income per share by $0.03 and $0.02, respectively. For the
year ended December 31, 2012, the reduction in depreciation expense increased basic and diluted net income per share by $0.17 and
$0.16, respectively.
Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company assesses its long-lived assets for impairment when indicators of impairment exist. Recoverability of assets is measured
by comparing the carrying amounts of the assets to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. Any
impairment loss would be measured as the excess of the assets’ carrying amount over their fair value.
During the period covered by this report, the Company lost communication with four of its in-orbit satellites, one in 2012 and three in
2014. As a result, impairment charges of $2.0 million and $2.2 million were recorded within depreciation expense during 2012 and
2014, respectively. The Company had in-orbit spare satellites available to replace the lost satellites. No similar satellite loss occurred
during 2013. The Company does not believe the loss of these satellites is an indicator of impairment of the remaining individual
satellites or the constellation as of December 31, 2014.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Goodwill is the excess of the acquisition cost of businesses over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Impairment
testing for goodwill is performed during the fourth quarter of each annual period or more frequently if indicators of potential
impairment exist. Goodwill impairment is determined using a two-step process. The first step involves a comparison of the estimated
fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its
carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired and the second step of the impairment test is not necessary. If the
carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, then the second step of the goodwill impairment test must be
performed. To measure the amount of impairment loss, if any, the implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as
the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination. Specifically, the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to
all of the assets and liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a
business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the price paid to acquire the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of
the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to
that excess.
69
The Company operates in a single reporting unit, and the possibility of impairment is assessed by comparing the carrying amount of
the reporting unit to its estimated fair value. The Company determines the estimated fair value of the reporting unit based on a
combination of the market approach using comparable public companies (guideline company method) and the income approach using
discounted cash flows. These valuation techniques involve the use of estimates and assumptions.
The most recent annual assessment of goodwill and indefinite-lived assets was performed on October 1, 2014 (the “2014 Analysis”).
The key assumptions used in the 2014 Analysis included: (i) cash flow projections through 2025, which include assumptions relative
to forecasted service revenue, equipment revenue, engineering and support service revenue, hosted payload revenue, operating
expenses and Iridium NEXT capital expenditures; (ii) a discount rate of 12.0% applied to the cash flow projections, which was based
on the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the risks associated for the business; (iii) selection of comparable companies used
in the market approach; (iv) assumptions in weighting the results of the income approach and the market approach valuation
techniques; and (v) expected distributions from Aireon. Based on the results of the first step of the 2014 Analysis, the estimated fair
value of the reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. As such, the second step of the goodwill impairment test was not required and
no impairment charge was recorded during the period. In future periods, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates and
assumptions, the Company may be exposed to impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.
Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization
A portion of the Company’s intangible assets are spectrum, regulatory authorizations, and trade names, which are indefinite-lived
intangible assets. The Company reevaluates the useful life determination for these assets each reporting period to determine whether
events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life. The Company tests its indefinite-lived intangible assets for
potential impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. If the fair value of the
indefinite-lived asset is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized. Based on the results of the 2014 Analysis, the
fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets was greater than the carrying value. As such, no impairment charge was recorded
during the period.
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization
The Company’s intangible assets that do have finite lives (customer relationships – government and commercial, core developed
technology, intellectual property and software) are amortized over their useful lives and reviewed for impairment whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If any indicators were present, the
Company would test for recoverability by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the net undiscounted cash flows expected to
be generated from the asset. If those net undiscounted cash flows do not exceed the carrying amount (i.e., the asset is not recoverable),
the Company would perform the next step, which is to determine the fair value of the asset and record an impairment loss, if any. The
Company also reevaluates the useful lives for these intangible assets each reporting period to determine whether events and
circumstances warrant a revision in their remaining useful lives.
Asset Retirement Obligations
Liabilities arising from legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets are required to be measured at fair value
and recorded as a liability. Upon initial recognition of a liability for retirement obligations, a company must record an asset, which is
depreciated over the life of the asset to be retired.
Under certain circumstances, each of the U.S. government, The Boeing Company (“Boeing”), and Motorola Solutions, Inc.
(“Motorola Solutions”) has the right to require the de-orbit of the Company’s satellite constellation. One such right the U.S.
government holds is to require the Company to de-orbit the satellite constellation if more than four satellites have insufficient fuel to
execute a 12-month de-orbit, as is currently the case. In the event the Company was required to effect a mass de-orbit, pursuant to the
amended and restated operations and maintenance agreement (the “O&M Agreement”) by and between the Company and Boeing, the
Company would be required to pay Boeing $18.0 million, plus an amount equivalent to the premium for mass de-orbit insurance
coverage ($2.5 million as of December 31, 2014). The Company has concluded that each of the foregoing de-orbit rights meets the
definition of an asset retirement obligation. However, the Company currently does not believe the U.S. government, Boeing or
Motorola Solutions will exercise their respective de-orbit rights. As a result, the Company believes the likelihood of any future cash
outflows associated with the mass de-orbit obligation is remote and has recorded an asset retirement obligation with respect to the
potential mass de-orbit of approximately $0.2 million at December 31, 2014, which is included in other long-term liabilities on the
accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
There are other circumstances in which the Company could be required, either by the U.S. government or for technical reasons, to de-
orbit an individual satellite; however, the Company believes that such costs would not be significant relative to the costs associated
with the ordinary operations of the satellite constellation.
70
Revenue Recognition
The Company derives its revenue primarily as a wholesaler of satellite communications products and services. The primary types of
revenue include (i) service revenue (access and usage-based airtime fees), (ii) subscriber equipment revenue, and (iii) revenue
generated by providing engineering and support services to commercial and government customers.
Wholesaler of satellite communications products and services
Pursuant to wholesale agreements, the Company sells its products and services to service providers who, in turn, sell the products and
services to other distributors or directly to the end users. The Company recognizes revenue when services are performed or delivery
has occurred, evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is probable, as follows:
Contracts with multiple elements
At times, the Company sells services and equipment through multi-element arrangements that bundle equipment, airtime and
other services. For multi-element revenue arrangements when the Company sells services and equipment in bundled
arrangements and determines that it has separate units of accounting, the Company allocates the bundled contract price among
the various contract deliverables based on each deliverable’s relative selling price. The selling price used for each deliverable is
based on vendor-specific objective evidence when available, third-party evidence when vendor-specific objective evidence is
not available, or the estimated selling price when neither vendor-specific evidence nor third party evidence is available. The
Company determines vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price by assessing sales prices of subscriber equipment,
airtime and other services when they are sold to customers on a stand-alone basis. The Company’s determination of best
estimate of selling price is consistent with its determination of vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price and the
Company assesses qualitative and quantitative market factors and entity-specific factors when estimating the selling price.
When the Company determines the elements are not separate units of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue on a
combined basis as the last element is delivered.
Service revenue sold on a stand-alone basis
Service revenue is generated from the Company’s service providers through usage of its satellite system and through fixed
monthly access fees per user charged to service providers. Revenue for usage is recognized when usage occurs. Revenue for
fixed-per-user access fees is recognized ratably over the period in which the services are provided to the end user. The Company
sells prepaid services in the form of e-vouchers and prepaid cards. A liability is established equal to the cash paid upon purchase
for the e-voucher or prepaid card. The Company recognizes revenue from the prepaid services upon the use of the e-voucher or
prepaid card by the customer or upon the expiration of the right to access the prepaid service. In September 2012, the Company
communicated a new expiration policy with respect to prepaid e-vouchers, effective December 2013. While the terms of prepaid
e-vouchers can be extended by the purchase of additional e-vouchers, prepaid e-vouchers may not be extended beyond the new
limits of three or four years, dependent on the initial expiry period when purchased. The Company does not offer refunds for
unused prepaid services.
Subscriber equipment sold on a stand-alone basis
The Company recognizes subscriber equipment sales and the related costs when title to the equipment (and the risks and
rewards of ownership) passes to the customer, typically upon shipment.
Services sold to the U.S. government
The Company provides airtime and airtime support to U.S. government and other authorized customers pursuant to the Enhanced
Mobile Satellite Services (“EMSS”) contract managed by the Defense Information Systems Agency (“DISA”). The EMSS contract,
entered into in April 2008, provided for a one-year base term and four additional one-year options which were exercised at the
election of the U.S. government. Under the terms of this contract, t he Company provided airtime to U.S. government subscribers
through (i) fixed monthly fees on a per-user basis for unlimited voice services, (ii) fixed monthly fees per user for unlimited paging
services, (iii) a tiered pricing plan (based on usage) per device for data services, (iv) fixed monthly fees on a per-user basis for
unlimited beyond-line-of-sight push-to-talk voice services to user-defined groups (“Netted Iridium”), and (v) a monthly fee for active
user-defined groups using Netted Iridium. Revenue related to these services was recognized ratably over the periods in which the
services were provided, and the related costs were expensed as incurred. After the exercise of all available optional contract
extensions, the EMSS contract as signed in April 2008 expired in October 2013.
Effective October 22, 2013, the Company executed a new five-year EMSS contract. Under the terms of this new agreement,
authorized customers continue to utilize airtime services, provided through the U.S. Department of Defense’s (“DoD”) dedicated
gateway. These services include unlimited global secure and unsecure voice, low and high-speed data, paging, broadcast and Netted
Iridium services for an unlimited number of DoD and other federal subscribers. The fixed-price rates in each of the five contract
years, which run from October 22 through the following October 21 of each year, are $64 million and $72 million in years one and
71
two, respectively, and $88 million in each of the years three through five. Under this contract, revenue is based on the annual fee for
the fixed-price contract with unlimited subscribers, and is recognized on a straight-line basis over each contractual year.
The U.S. government purchases its subscriber equipment from third-party distributors and not directly from the Company.
Government engineering and support services
The Company provides maintenance services to the U.S. government’s dedicated gateway. This revenue is recognized ratably over the
periods in which the services are provided; the related costs are expensed as incurred.
Other government and commercial engineering and support services
The Company also provides engineering services to assist customers in developing new technologies for use on the Company’s
satellite system. The revenue associated with these services is recorded when the services are rendered, typically on a partial
performance method of accounting based on the Company’s estimate of total costs expected to complete the contract, and the related
costs are expensed as incurred. Revenue on cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts is recognized to the extent of estimated costs incurred plus
the applicable fees earned. The Company considers fixed fees under cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts to be earned in proportion to the
allowable costs incurred in performance of the contract. The portion of revenue on research and development arrangements that is
contingent upon the achievement of substantive milestone events is recognized in the period in which the milestone is achieved.
Warranty Expense
The Company provides the first end-user purchaser of its subscriber equipment a warranty for one to five years from the date of
purchase by such first end-user, depending on the product. The Company maintains a warranty reserve based on historical experience
of warranty costs and expected occurrences of warranty claims on equipment. Costs associated with warranties, including equipment
replacements, repairs, freight, and program administration, are recorded as cost of subscriber equipment in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The Company experienced a $5.3 million decrease in its warranty
provision for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the prior year. This decrease is primarily the result of fewer expected
returns for the Iridium Pilot ® sold in 2014 and decreased average repair costs, partially offset by $1.8 million in warranty-related
initiatives for the Iridium OpenPort models sold in prior years.
Changes in the warranty reserve for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
Balance at beginning of the period
Provision
Utilization
Balance at end of the period
2014
2013
(In thousands)
8,853
6,390
(7,862)
$
7,381
$
4,050
11,690
(6,887)
8,853
$
$
Research and Development
Research and development costs are charged to expense in the period in which they are incurred.
Advertising Costs
Costs associated with advertising and promotions are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses were $0.5 million for the years
ended 2014, 2013 and 2012.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of tax benefits or
expenses for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is
established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. The Company also recognizes a tax
benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits.
The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense.
Net Income Per Share
The Company calculates basic net income per share by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average
number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share takes into account the effect of potential
dilutive common shares when the effect is dilutive. The effect of potential dilutive common shares, including common stock issuable upon
exercise of outstanding stock options and stock purchase warrants, is computed using the treasury stock method. The effect of potential
dilutive common shares from the conversion of the outstanding convertible preferred securities is computed using the as-if converted method
72
at the stated conversion rate. The Company’s unvested RSUs contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends and therefore are considered to be
participating securities in periods of net income. The calculation of basic and diluted net income per share excludes net income attributable to
the unvested RSUs from the numerator and excludes the impact of unvested RSUs from the denominator.
3. Cash and Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The following table summarizes the Company’s cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash
Money market funds
Commercial paper
Total Cash and cash equivalents
2014
2013
(in thousands)
$
$
86,792
105,497
18,960
211,249
$
$
86,074
88,769
11,499
186,342
Recurring Fair
Value Measurement
Level 1
Level 2
Marketable Securities
The following table summarizes the Company’s marketable securities as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
As of December 31, 2014
Amortized
Cost
Gross Unrealized
Gains
Gross Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Recurring Fair
Value Measurement
Fixed-income debt
securities
Commercial paper
U.S. Treasury Notes
Total Marketable
Securities
$ 168,960
78,915
13,127
$ 261,002
$
$
(in thousands)
397
-
53
450
$
$
(314)
-
(2)
$ 169,043
78,915
13,178
(316)
$ 261,136
Level 2
Level 2
Level 2
As of December 31, 2013
Amortized
Cost
Gross Unrealized
Gains
Gross Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Recurring Fair
Value Measurement
Fixed-income debt
securities
Commercial paper
Total Marketable
Securities
$
57,048
19,615
$
76,663
$
$
(in thousands)
45
-
45
$
$
(61)
-
$
57,032
19,615
Level 2
Level 2
(61)
$
76,647
The following table presents the contractual maturities of the fixed income debt securities, commercial paper and U.S. treasury notes
held as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
As of December 31, 2014
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2013
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Mature within one year
Mature after one year and within three years
Total
$
$
177,011
83,991
261,002
$
$
177,145
83,991
261,136
$
$
25,527
51,136
76,663
$
$
25,527
51,120
76,647
The increase in marketable securities from December 31, 2013 to December 31, 2014 is due to the investment of proceeds from the
sale of the Company’s common stock and 6.75% Series B Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred
Stock”). For further discussion of the Company’s equity transactions, see the Equity Transactions and Instruments footnote below.
73
4. Equity Transactions and Instruments
$7.00 Warrants
In connection with the Company’s initial public offering in February 2008, the Company sold 40.0 million units at a price of $10.00
per unit. Each unit consisted of one share of common stock and one common stock purchase warrant (a “$7.00 Warrant”). Each $7.00
Warrant entitled the holder to purchase from the Company one share of common stock at a price of $7.00 per share. On February 14,
2013, the remaining 655,499 outstanding and unexercised $7.00 Warrants expired in accordance with their terms.
$11.50 Warrants
On September 29, 2009, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Iridium Holdings LLC, holders of approximately 14.4 million
$7.00 Warrants exchanged their existing warrants for new warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $11.50
per share (the “$11.50 Warrants”). Each $11.50 Warrant entitled the holder to purchase from the Company one share of common stock at a
price of $11.50 per share. As of December 31, 2014, 277,021 of the $11.50 Warrants were outstanding. On February 14, 2015, the remaining
277,021 outstanding and unexercised $11.50 Warrants expired in accordance with their terms.
Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 2.0 million shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. As described below,
the Company issued 1.0 million shares of preferred stock in the fourth quarter of 2012 and 0.5 million shares of preferred stock in the
second quarter of 2014. The remaining 0.5 million authorized shares of preferred stock remain undesignated and unissued as of
December 31, 2014.
Series A Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock
In the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company issued 1.0 million shares of its 7.00% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock
(the “Series A Preferred Stock”) in a private offering. The Company received proceeds of $96.5 million from the sale of the Series A
Preferred Stock, net of the aggregate $3.5 million in initial purchaser discount and offering costs. The net proceeds of this offering are being
used to partially fund the construction and deployment of Iridium NEXT and for other general corporate purposes.
Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at a rate of 7.00% per annum of the $100
liquidation preference per share (equivalent to an annual rate of $7.00 per share). Dividends are payable quarterly in arrears on each
March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15. The Series A Preferred Stock does not have a stated maturity date and is not
subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption provisions. The Series A Preferred Stock ranks senior to the Company’s
common stock and on parity with the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock with respect to dividend rights and rights upon the
Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding-up. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock generally have no voting rights except for
limited voting rights if the Company fails to pay dividends for six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive) and in other
specified circumstances. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock may convert some or all of their outstanding Series A Preferred Stock at
an initial conversion rate of 10.6022 shares of common stock per $100 liquidation preference, which is equivalent to an initial
conversion price of approximately $9.43 per share of common stock (subject to adjustment in certain events).
In 2014 and 2013, the Company paid $7.0 million in cash dividends to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock. As of December 31,
2014, the Company has accrued $0.3 million in cash dividends for the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock, which is included
within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
On or after October 3, 2017, the Company may, at its option, convert some or all of the Series A Preferred Stock into the number of
shares of common stock that are issuable at the then-applicable conversion rate, subject to specified conditions. On or prior to
October 3, 2017, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock will have a special right to convert some or all of the Series A Preferred
Stock into shares of common stock in the event of fundamental changes described in the Certificate of Designations for the Series A
Preferred Stock, subject to specified conditions and limitations. In certain circumstances, the Company may also elect to settle
conversions in cash as a result of these fundamental changes.
Series B Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock
In May 2014, the Company issued 500,000 shares of its Series B Preferred Stock in an underwritten public offering at a price to the
public of $250 per share. The purchase price received by the Company, equal to $242.50 per share, reflected an underwriting discount
of $7.50 per share. The Company received proceeds of $120.8 million from the sale of the Series B Preferred Stock, net of the $3.8
million underwriting discount and $0.4 million of offering costs.
Holders of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at a rate of 6.75% per annum of the $250
liquidation preference per share (equivalent to an annual rate of $16.875 per share). Dividends are payable quarterly in arrears on each
March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15, beginning September 15, 2014. The Series B Preferred Stock does not have a
stated maturity date and is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption provisions. The Series B Preferred Stock ranks
senior to the Company’s common stock and pari passu with respect to the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock with respect to
dividend rights and rights upon the Company’s voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up. Holders of Series B
74
Preferred Stock generally have no voting rights except for limited voting rights if the Company fails to pay dividends for six or more
quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive) and in other specified circumstances. Holders of Series B Preferred Stock may convert
some or all of their outstanding Series B Preferred Stock at an initial conversion rate of 33.456 shares of common stock per $250
liquidation preference, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $7.47 per share of common stock (subject
to adjustment in certain events).
During 2014, the Company paid cash dividends of $5.0 million to the holders of Series B Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2014,
the Company has accrued $0.4 million in cash dividends for the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock, which is included within
accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
On or after May 15, 2019, the Company may, at its option, convert some or all of the Series B Preferred Stock into the number of
shares of common stock that are issuable at the then-applicable conversion rate, subject to specified conditions. On or prior to May 15,
2019, in the event of certain specified fundamental changes, holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will have the right to convert
some or all of their shares of Series B Preferred Stock into the greater of (i) a number of shares of the Company’s common stock as
subject to adjustment plus the make-whole premium, if any, and (ii) a number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to the
lesser of (a) the liquidation preference divided by the market value of the Company’s common stock on the effective date of such
fundamental change and (b) 81.9672 (subject to adjustment). In certain circumstances, the Company may elect to cash settle any
conversions in connection with a fundamental change.
Common Stock
Registered Direct Public Offering
In May 2014, the Company issued 7,692,308 shares of its common stock in a registered direct public offering to certain investment
funds affiliated with Baron Capital Group Inc. (“Baron”) at a price of $6.50 per share for aggregate gross proceeds of $50.0 million.
The Company received proceeds of $49.9 million from the sale of the common stock to Baron, net of offering costs of $0.1 million.
Under the stock purchase agreement entered into with Baron, Baron was entitled to receive additional shares if, during the 90-day
period following the date of the stock purchase agreement, the Company issued or sold securities below specified prices. As a result
of the Company’s public offering of common stock, described below, and its public offering of Series B Preferred Stock, described
above, the Company delivered 504,413 additional shares of common stock to Baron on August 6, 2014.
Underwritten Public Offering
Concurrently with its public offering of Series B Preferred Stock in May 2014, the Company issued 8,483,608 shares of its common
stock in an underwritten public offering, including 1,106,558 shares upon the underwriters’ exercise of their overallotment option in
full, at a price to the public of $6.10 per share. The Company received proceeds of $49.0 million, net of $2.6 million of underwriting
discount and $0.2 million of offering costs.
The net proceeds of these common stock offerings and the Series B Preferred Stock offering are being used to partially fund the
construction and deployment of Iridium NEXT and for other general corporate purposes.
5. Debt
Credit Facility
In October 2010, the Company entered into the $1.8 billion Credit Facility with a syndicate of bank lenders (the “Lenders”). The
Credit Facility was subsequently amended and restated in August 2012. In May 2014, the Company entered into a supplemental
agreement (the “Supplemental Agreement”) with the Lenders under the Credit Facility to further amend and restate the Credit
Facility. Ninety-five percent of the Company’s obligations under the Credit Facility are insured by Compagnie Française d’Assurance
pour le Commerce Extérieur (“COFACE”), the French export credit agency. The Credit Facility is comprised of two tranches, with
draws and repayments applied pro rata in respect of each tranche:
•
•
Tranche A – $1,537,500,000 at a fixed rate of 4.96%; and
Tranche B – $262,500,000 at a floating rate equal to the London Interbank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 1.95%.
Interest is payable on a semi-annual basis in April and October of each year. Prior to the repayment period described below, a portion
of interest will be paid via a deemed loan and added to the related tranche principal, and the remainder is payable in cash. The amount
of interest paid via a deemed loan for each tranche is as follows:
•
•
Tranche A – fixed rate of 3.56%; and
Tranche B – LIBOR plus 0.55%.
75
For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company incurred total interest of $50.8 million, $39.6 million and $25.5
million, respectively, of which $35.3 million, $27.5 million and $17.8 million, respectively, is payable via a deemed loan and the
remainder is payable in cash on the scheduled semi-annual payment dates.
In connection with each draw it makes under the Credit Facility, the Company also borrows an amount equal to 6.49% of such draw to
cover the premium for the COFACE insurance policy. The Company also pays a commitment fee of 0.80% per year, in semi-annual
installments, on any undrawn portion of the Credit Facility.
Funds drawn under the Credit Facility will be used to pay for (i) 85% of the costs under a fixed price full scale development contract
(the “FSD”) with Thales Alenia Space France (“Thales”) for the design and manufacture of satellites for Iridium NEXT until the
Credit Facility is fully drawn (ii) the premium for the COFACE policy, and (iii) the payment of a portion of interest during a part of
the construction and launch phase of Iridium NEXT.
Scheduled semi-annual principal repayments will begin six months after the earlier of (i) the successful deployment of a specified
number of Iridium NEXT satellites or (ii) September 30, 2017. During this repayment period, interest will be paid on the same date as
the principal repayments. All interest costs incurred related to the Credit Facility have been capitalized during the construction period
of the assets. The Company pays interest on each semi-annual due date through a combination of a cash payment and a deemed
additional loan. The following table presents interest activity for the Credit Facility for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013
payable via cash or deemed loan:
2014
Deemed
Loan
(in thousands)
$
$
5,543
35,257
(34,147)
6,653
2013
Deemed
Loan
(in thousands)
$
$
3,735
27,523
(25,715)
5,543
Total
7,989
50,756
(49,156)
9,589
Total
5,365
39,594
(36,970)
7,989
$
$
$
$
Cash
2,446
15,499
(15,009)
2,936
Cash
1,630
12,071
(11,255)
2,446
$
$
$
$
Beginning interest payable
Interest incurred
Interest payments
Ending interest payable
Beginning interest payable
Interest incurred
Interest payments
Ending interest payable
As of December 31, 2014, the Company had borrowed a total of $1,291.4 million under the Credit Facility. The unused portion of the
Credit Facility as of December 31, 2014 was $508.6 million. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, the Company is required to maintain
a minimum cash reserve for debt service of $86.0 million as of December 31, 2014, which is classified as restricted cash on the
accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The Company recognized the semi-annual commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the
Credit Facility of $5.8 million, $7.7 million and $10.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
The Credit Facility will mature seven years after the start of the repayment period. In addition, the Company is required to maintain
minimum debt service reserve levels, which are estimated as follows:
At December 31,
2015
2016
2017
Amount
(in millions)
91
$
113
189
These levels may be higher once the Company begins repayment under the Credit Facility. Obligations under the Credit Facility are
secured on a senior basis by a lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets. In addition to the minimum debt service reserve
levels, financial covenants under the Credit Facility include:
•
•
an available cash balance of at least $25 million;
a debt-to-equity ratio, which is calculated as the ratio of total net debt to the aggregate of total net debt and total
stockholders’ equity, of no more than 0.7 to 1, measured each June 30 and December 31;
76
•
•
•
•
•
specified maximum levels of annual capital expenditures (excluding expenditures on the construction of Iridium NEXT
satellites) through the year ending December 31, 2024;
specified minimum levels of consolidated operational earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or
operational EBITDA, for the 12-month periods ending each December 31 and June 30 through December 31, 2017;
specified minimum cumulative cash flow requirements from customers who have hosted payloads on our satellites,
measured each December 31 and June 30, from June 30, 2016 through December 31, 2017;
a debt service coverage ratio, measured during the repayment period, of not less than 1 to 1.5; and
specified maximum leverage levels during the repayment period that decline from a ratio of 4.73 to 1 for the twelve
months ending June 30, 2018 to a ratio of 2.36 to 1 for the twelve months ending December 31, 2024.
The Company’s available cash balance, as defined by the Credit Facility, was $290.2 million as of December 31, 2014. The
Company’s debt-to-equity ratio was 0.47 to 1 as of December 31, 2014. The Company was in compliance with the operational
EBITDA covenant and the annual capital expenditure covenant as of December 31, 2014.
The covenants regarding capital expenditures, operational EBITDA and hosted payload cash flows are calculated in connection with a
measurement, which the Company refers to as available cure amount, that is derived using a complex calculation based on overall
cash flows, as adjusted by numerous measures specified in the Credit Facility. In a period in which the Company’s capital
expenditures exceed, or the Company’s operational EBITDA or hosted payload cash flows falls short of, the amount specified in the
respective covenant, the Company would be permitted to allocate available cure amount, if any, to prevent a breach of the applicable
covenant. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had an available cure amount of $7.5 million, though it was not required to
maintain compliance with the covenants. The available cure amount has fluctuated significantly from one measurement period to the
next, and the Company expects that it will continue to do so.
The covenants also place limitations on the Company’s ability and that of its subsidiaries to carry out mergers and acquisitions, dispose of
assets, grant security interests, declare, make or pay dividends, enter into transactions with affiliates, fund payments under the FSD with
Thales from its own resources, incur additional indebtedness, or make loans, guarantees or indemnities. If the Company is not in
compliance with the financial covenants under the Credit Facility, after any opportunity to cure such non-compliance, or the Company
otherwise experiences an event of default under the Credit Facility, the lenders may require repayment in full of all principal and interest
outstanding under the Credit Facility. It is unlikely the Company would have adequate funds to repay such amounts prior to the scheduled
maturity of the Credit Facility. If the Company fails to repay such amounts, the lenders may foreclose on the assets the Company has
pledged under the Credit Facility, which include substantially all of its assets and those of its domestic subsidiaries.
The Supplemental Agreement includes revised financial covenant levels. The Supplemental Agreement also delays, until 2017, a portion of
the contributions that the Company had been scheduled to make during 2014, 2015 and 2016 to the debt service reserve account that the
Company is required to maintain under the Credit Facility. The Supplemental Agreement delays $22 million of the Company’s 2014
contributions, $22 million of the Company’s 2015 contributions and $32 million of the Company’s 2016 contributions, for a total of $76
million. As of March 31, 2014, prior to the execution of the Supplemental Agreement, the minimum required cash reserve balance was $94.5
million. As of June 30, 2014 after the execution of the Supplemental Agreement, the minimum required cash reserve balance was reduced to
$83.5 million. As a result of this reduction, $11.0 million was released from restricted cash to the Company during the three months ended
June 30, 2014. In accordance with the Supplemental Agreement, as of December 31, 2014, the minimum cash reserve for debt service was
$86.0 million and was maintained and classified as restricted cash on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
The Company believes that liquidity sources will provide sufficient funds for the Company to meet its liquidity requirements for at
least the next twelve months.
6. Boeing Operations and Maintenance Agreements
On July 21, 2010, the Company and Boeing entered into the O&M Agreement, pursuant to which Boeing agreed to provide transition
services and continuing steady-state operations and maintenance services with respect to the satellite network operations center,
telemetry, tracking and control stations and the on-orbit satellites (including engineering, systems analysis, and operations and
maintenance services). Pursuant to the O&M Agreement, each of Boeing, Motorola Solutions and the U.S. government has the
unilateral right to commence the de-orbit of the constellation upon the occurrence of certain enumerated events.
The O&M Agreement incorporates a de-orbit plan, which, if exercised, would cost approximately $18.0 million plus an amount
equivalent to the premium of the mass de-orbit insurance coverage to be paid to Boeing in the event of a mass de-orbit of the satellite
constellation. On July 21, 2010, the Company and Boeing entered into an agreement pursuant to which Boeing will operate and
maintain Iridium NEXT (the “Iridium NEXT Support Services Agreement”). Boeing will provide these services on a time-and-
materials fee basis. The term of the NEXT Support Services Agreement runs concurrently with the estimated useful life of the Iridium
NEXT constellation. The Company is entitled to terminate the agreement for convenience and without cause commencing in 2019.
As of January 1, 2015, Boeing supports a hybrid operations mode involving network elements from both the original Iridium system
and the Iridium NEXT system. Obligations to Boeing represent the not to exceed (the “NTE) price for O&M services for 2015 under
77
the Company’s Iridium NEXT Support Services Agreement with Boeing. Boeing is the exclusive provider for the majority of O&M
services through the end of the Iridium NEXT useful life, subject to the Company’s right to issue work to a third party in accordance
with certain provisions in the agreement. Annually, the Company and Boeing will agree upon the NTE price for each year.
The Company incurred expenses of $30.7 million, $30.1 million and $31.9 million relating to satellite operations and maintenance
costs for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, included in cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and
amortization) in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
7. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following at December 31:
Satellite system
Ground system
Equipment
Internally developed software and purchased software
Building and leasehold improvements
Less: accumulated depreciation
Land
Construction in process:
Iridium NEXT systems under construction
Other construction in process
Total property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
Other construction in process consisted of the following at December 31:
Internally developed software
Equipment
Ground system
Building and leasehold improvements
Total other construction in process
2014
2013
(In thousands)
$
323,607
41,365
26,961
95,406
29,980
517,319
(339,155)
178,164
8,037
$
337,677
41,247
25,019
68,141
28,063
500,147
(296,716)
203,431
8,037
1,755,974
29,664
$ 1,971,839
1,341,148
22,963
$ 1,575,579
2014
2013
(In thousands)
$
$
20,779
859
7,862
164
29,664
$
$
17,582
3,684
1,177
520
22,963
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $62.7 million, $62.0 million and $68.1 million,
respectively.
8. Intangible Assets
The Company has identifiable intangible assets as follows:
December 31, 2014
Useful
Lives
Gross
Carrying Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying Value
(In thousands)
Indefinite life intangible assets:
Trade names
Spectrum and licenses
Total
Definite life intangible assets:
Customer relationships - government
Customer relationships - commercial
Core developed technology
Intellectual property
Software
Total
Total intangible assets
Indefinite
Indefinite
$
5 years
5 years
5 years
16.5 years (1)
5 years
78
21,195
14,030
35,225
20,355
33,052
4,842
16,439
2,025
76,713
$
$
-
-
-
(20,355)
(33,052)
(4,842)
(4,248)
(2,025)
(64,522)
$
111,938
$
(64,522)
$
21,195
14,030
35,225
-
-
-
12,191
-
12,191
47,416
Indefinite life intangible assets:
Trade names
Spectrum and licenses
Total
Definite life intangible assets:
Customer relationships - government
Customer relationships - commercial
Core developed technology
Intellectual property
Software
Total
Total intangible assets
December 31, 2013
Useful
Lives
Gross
Carrying Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying Value
(In thousands)
Indefinite
Indefinite
$
5 years
5 years
5 years
16.5 years (1)
5 years
21,195
14,030
35,225
20,355
33,052
4,842
16,439
2,025
76,713
$
$
-
-
-
(17,301)
(28,094)
(4,116)
(3,253)
(1,722)
(54,486)
$
111,938
$
(54,486)
$
21,195
14,030
35,225
3,054
4,958
726
13,186
303
22,227
57,452
(1)
Intellectual property is amortized over the estimated useful life of the existing satellite systems and Iridium NEXT, which
averages to 16.5 years.
The weighted average amortization period of intangible assets is 7.5 years. Amortization expense was $10.0 million for the year ended
December 31, 2014 and $13.0 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
Future amortization expense with respect to intangible assets existing at December 31, 2014, by year and in the aggregate, is as
follows:
Year ending December 31,
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Thereafter
Amount
(In thousands)
995
$
995
995
995
995
7,216
Total estimated future amortization expense
$
12,191
9. Commitments and Contingencies
Thales
In June 2010, the Company executed a primarily fixed-price full-scale development contract (the “FSD”) with Thales Alenia Space
France (“Thales”) for the design and build of satellites for Iridium NEXT, the Company’s next-generation satellite constellation. The
total price under the FSD is $2.3 billion, and the Company expects payment obligations under the FSD to extend into the first quarter
of 2018. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had made aggregate payments of $1,331.1 million to Thales, of which $1,129.8
million were from borrowings under the Credit Facility, and which were capitalized as construction in progress within property and
equipment, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s obligations to Thales that are currently scheduled for
the years ending December 31, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, are in the amounts of $554.2 million, $136.0 million, $166.7 million and
$64.7 million, respectively. The Company currently uses the Credit Facility to pay 85% of each invoice received from Thales under
the FSD, with the remaining 15% funded from cash on hand. Once the Credit Facility is fully drawn, the Company expects to pay
100% of each invoice received from Thales from cash and marketable securities on hand as well as internally generated cash flow,
including potential cash flows from hosted payloads and Iridium PRIME.
SpaceX
In March 2010, the Company entered into an agreement with Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (“SpaceX”) to secure SpaceX as
the primary launch services provider for Iridium NEXT (as amended to date, the “SpaceX Agreement”). The total price under the
SpaceX Agreement for seven launches is $453.1 million. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had made aggregate payments of
$152.6 million to SpaceX, which were capitalized as construction in progress within property and equipment, net in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheet. In addition, the Company made a $3.0 million refundable deposit to SpaceX in the first quarter of 2014 for
the reservation of additional future launches, which is not included in the total contract price. The Company’s obligations to SpaceX
79
under the SpaceX Amendment that are currently scheduled for the years ending December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are in the
amounts of $150.0 million, $126.0 million and $24.5 million, respectively.
Kosmotras
In June 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with International Space Company Kosmotras (“Kosmotras”) as a supplemental
launch service provider for Iridium NEXT (the “Kosmotras Agreement”). The Kosmotras Agreement originally provided for the
purchase of up to six launches with options to purchase additional launches. Each launch can carry two satellites. In June 2013, the
Company exercised an option for one launch to carry the first two Iridium NEXT satellites. If the Company does not exercise any
additional options, the total cost under the contract including this single launch will be $51.8 million. As of December 31, 2014, the
Company had made aggregate payments of $28.8 million to Kosmotras, which were capitalized within property and equipment, net in
the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The option to purchase two dedicated launches expired as of December 31, 2013. The
Company has agreed with Kosmotras to extend the option to purchase the remaining three dedicated launches through a date to be
determined. The Company’s obligation to Kosmotras for the single launch purchased under the Kosmotras Agreement for the year
ending December 31, 2015 is $23.0 million.
Supplier Purchase Commitments
The Company has a manufacturing agreement with two suppliers to manufacture subscriber equipment, one of which contains
minimum monthly purchase requirements. The Company’s purchases have exceeded the monthly minimum requirement since
inception. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company may be required to purchase certain materials if the materials are not used in
production within the periods specified in the agreement. The supplier will then repurchase such materials from the Company at the
same price paid by the Company, as required for the production of the devices. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had
$1.7 million and $2.4 million, respectively, of such materials and the amounts were included in inventory on the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets.
As of December 31, 2014, unconditional purchase obligations were $52.4 million, which include the Company’s commitments with
Boeing. The Boeing obligations represent the not to exceed (NTE) price for operations and maintenance (O&M) services for 2015
under the Company’s Iridium NEXT Support Services Agreement with Boeing. Boeing is the exclusive provider for the majority of
O&M services through the end of the Iridium NEXT useful life subject to the Company’s right to issue work to a third party in
accordance with certain provisions in the agreement. Annually, Boeing and the Company will agree upon the NTE price for that year.
Unconditional purchase obligations scheduled for the years ending December 31, 2015 and 2016 are in the amounts of $52.3 million
and $0.1 million, respectively.
In-Orbit Insurance
Due to various contractual requirements, the Company is required to maintain a third-party in-orbit insurance policy with a de-
orbiting endorsement to cover potential claims relating to operating or de-orbiting the satellite constellation. The policy covers the
Company, Boeing as operator, Motorola Solutions (the original system architect and prior owner), contractors and subcontractors of
the insured, the U.S. government and certain other sovereign nations.
The current policy has a renewable one-year term, which is scheduled to expire on December 8, 2015. The policy coverage is
separated into Sections A, B, and C.
Section A coverage is currently in effect and covers product liability over Motorola’s position as manufacturer of the satellites.
Liability limits for claims under Section A are $1.0 billion per occurrence and in the aggregate. There is no deductible for claims.
Section B coverage is currently in effect and covers risks in connection with in-orbit satellites. Liability limits for claims under
Section B are $500 million per occurrence and in the aggregate for space vehicle liability and $500 million and $1.0 billion per
occurrence and in the aggregate, respectively, with respect to de-orbiting. The balance of the unamortized premium payment for
Sections A and B coverage as of December 31, 2014 is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheet. The deductible for claims under Section B is $250,000 per occurrence.
Section C coverage is effective once requested by the Company (the “Attachment Date”) and covers risks in connection with a
decommissioning of the satellite system. Liability limits for claims under Section C are $500 million and $1.0 billion per occurrence
and in the aggregate, respectively. The term of the coverage under Section C is 12 months from the Attachment Date. The premium
for Section C coverage is $2.5 million and is payable on or before the Attachment Date. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had
not requested Section C coverage since no decommissioning activities are currently anticipated. The deductible for claims under
Section C is $250,000 per occurrence.
Operating Leases
The Company leases land, office space, and office and computer equipment under noncancelable operating lease agreements. Most of the
leases contain renewal options of 1 to 10 years. The Company’s obligations under the current terms of these leases extend through 2024.
80
Additionally, several of the Company’s leases contain clauses for rent escalation including, but not limited to, a pro-rata share of
increased operating and real estate tax expenses. Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company
leases facilities located in Chandler, Arizona; Tempe, Arizona; McLean, Virginia; Canada; Russia; and Norway. Future minimum
lease payments, by year and in the aggregate, under noncancelable operating leases at December 31, 2014, are as follows:
Year ending December 31,
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Thereafter
Total
Operating
Leases
(In thousands)
3,051
$
2,782
2,890
2,972
3,055
6,814
$
21,564
Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $3.3 million, $3.2 million and $3.2 million, respectively.
Contingencies
From time to time, in the normal course of business, the Company is party to various pending claims and lawsuits. On October 7,
2014, Kappa Digital, LLC filed a complaint for patent infringement against the Company in the United States District Court for the
Eastern District of Texas - Marshall Division. In this action, Kappa Digital alleges that the Company’s products, services and/or
systems infringe on Kappa’s U.S. Patent entitled “Method And System For A Wireless Digital Message Service.” Kappa Digital is
seeking a judgment that the Company has infringed on its patent and is seeking a permanent injunction enjoining the Company from
further infringement, as well as damages, costs, expenses, interest and attorneys’ fees. On February 25, 2015, the parties filed a joint
motion to dismiss the case without prejudice, which the Company expects to be granted. Kappa Digital would retain the right to file a
new complaint with the same allegations. Given the early stage of this matter, the Company cannot provide a reasonable estimate of
the possibility of loss, or of any potential amount of loss, at this time.
The Company is not aware of any other actions that it would expect to have a material adverse impact on its business, financial results
or financial condition.
10. Stock-Based Compensation
During 2012, the Company’s stockholders approved a stock incentive plan (the “2012 Stock Incentive Plan”) to provide stock-based
awards, including nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted stock and other equity securities, as incentives and
rewards for employees, consultants and non-employee directors. As of December 31, 2014, 13,416,019 shares of common stock were
authorized for issuance as awards under the 2012 Stock Incentive Plan.
Stock Option Awards
The stock option awards granted to employees generally (i) have a term of ten years, (ii) vest over a four-year period with 25%
vesting after the first year of service and ratably on a quarterly basis thereafter, (iii) are contingent upon employment on the vesting
date, and (iv) have an exercise price equal to the fair value of the underlying shares at the date of grant. The stock option awards
granted to the Company’s board of directors generally (i) represent a portion of their annual compensation, (ii) have a term of ten
years, (iii) vest over the calendar year with 25% vesting on the last day of each calendar quarter, (iv) are contingent upon continued
service on the vesting date, and (v) have an exercise price equal to the fair value of the underlying shares at the date of grant. The fair
value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Expected volatility for options
granted was based on the actual historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. The expected term of the award was calculated
using the simplified method as the Company currently does not have sufficient experience of its own option exercise patterns. The
Company does not anticipate paying dividends during the expected term of the grants; therefore, the dividend rate was assumed to be
zero. The risk-free interest rate assumed is based upon U.S. Treasury Bond interest rates with similar terms at similar dates. To the
extent the Company’s actual forfeiture rate is different from its estimate of forfeitures, the stock-based compensation may differ in
future periods.
The stock options granted to consultants are generally subject to service vesting and vest quarterly over a two-year service period. The
fair value of the consultant options is the then-current fair value attributable to the vesting portions of the awards, calculated using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model.
81
Assumptions used in determining the fair value of the Company’s options were as follows:
Expected volatility
Expected term (years)
Expected dividends
Risk free interest rate
Year Ended December 31,
2013
2012
2014
41% - 43%
5.25 - 10.00
0%
1.10% - 2.35%
41% - 42%
3.00 - 6.25
0%
0.58% - 1.93%
42% - 45%
5.50 - 6.25
0%
0.78% - 1.17%
During 2014, the Company granted approximately 987,000 and 45,000 stock options to its employees and non-employee consultants,
respectively. The estimated aggregate grant-date fair values of the stock options granted to employees and non-employee consultants
during 2014 was $3.0 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
In January 2014, certain members of the Company’s board of directors elected to receive a portion of their 2014 annual compensation
in the form of stock options in an aggregate amount of approximately 112,000 stock options. These options were granted in January
2014 and vested through the end of 2014, with 25% vesting on the last day of each calendar quarter. The estimated aggregate grant-
date fair value of these options granted to directors in January 2014 was $0.3 million. In July 2014, a new member of the Company’s
board of directors elected to receive a portion of his 2014 annual compensation in the form of stock options, in an aggregate amount
of approximately 20,000 stock options which vested through the end of 2014, with 33% vesting immediately upon grant and 33% and
34% vesting on September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The estimated aggregate grant date fair value of these
stock options granted in July 2014 was $0.1 million.
A summary of the activity of the Company’s stock options as of December 31, 2014 is as follows:
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Shares
(In thousands, except years and per share data)
Options outstanding at January 1, 2014
Granted
Cancelled or expired
Exercised
Forfeited
Options outstanding at December 31, 2014
Options vested and exercisable at December 31, 2014
Options exercisable and expected to vest at December 31, 2014
6,183
1,163
(414)
(189)
(72)
6,671
4,626
6,634
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
7.89
6.85
8.36
7.98
7.11
7.68
8.05
7.69
6.90
6.21
6.84
$ 13,783
$
7,856
$ 13,674
The Company recognized $4.3 million, $6.0 million and $6.0 million of stock-based compensation expense related to stock options in
the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $2.97,
$2.60 and $3.31 per share, respectively.
As of December 31, 2014, the total unrecognized cost related to non-vested options was approximately $5.1 million. This cost is
expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years. The total fair value of the shares vested during the years ended
December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was approximately $4.6 million, $6.3 million and $6.7 million, respectively.
Restricted Stock Unit Awards
In 2014, the Company granted approximately 786,000 service-based RSUs to its employees. Employee service-based RSUs generally
vest over a four-year service period, with 25% vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date and the remainder vesting ratably on a
quarterly basis thereafter. In addition, the Company granted performance-based RSUs to its employees in 2014. The Company records
stock-based compensation expense related to performance-based RSUs when it is considered probable that the performance conditions
will be met. In March 2014, the Company awarded approximately 207,000 performance-based RSUs to the Company’s executives
(the “March 2014 RSUs”). Vesting of these March 2014 RSUs is dependent upon the Company’s achievement of defined
performance goals over fiscal years 2014 and 2015. The number of March 2014 RSUs that will ultimately vest may range from 0% to
150% of the original grant based on the level of achievement of the performance goals. If the Company achieves the performance
goals, 50% of the March 2014 RSUs will vest at the end of two years and the remaining 50% will vest at the end of the third year,
subject to continued service. In June 2014, the Company awarded approximately 323,000 performance-based RSUs to its executives
82
and employees (the “June 2014 RSUs”). Vesting of the June 2014 RSUs is dependent upon the Company’s achievement of defined
performance goals for the 2014 fiscal year. The level of achievement, if any, of performance goals in connection with the June 2014
RSUs will be determined by the compensation committee. The Company expects this determination to occur in the first quarter of
2015. The estimated aggregate grant date fair values of the March 2014 RSUs and June 2014 RSUs granted during 2014 were $1.3
million and $2.6 million, respectively.
Certain members of the Company’s board of directors elected to receive a portion of their 2014 annual compensation in the form of
RSUs. During 2014, the Company granted approximately 108,000 RSUs to its directors as a result of these elections. These RSUs
were granted in January 2014 and vested through the end of 2014, with 25% vesting on the last day of each calendar quarter. The
estimated aggregate grant-date fair value of the RSUs granted to directors during 2013 was $0.7 million.
A summary of the Company’s activity for the year ended December 31, 2014 for outstanding RSUs is as follows:
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
Granted
Forfeited
Released
Outstanding at December 31, 2014
Vested at December 31, 2014
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Per RSU
$
$
$
$
$
6.76
6.80
5.87
6.72
6.80
RSUs
(In thousands)
1,306
1,430
(78)
(376)
2,282
398
A summary of the Company’s activity for the year ended December 31, 2014 for unvested RSUs is as follows:
Non-vested at January 1, 2014
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Non-vested at December 31, 2014
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Per RSU
$
$
$
$
$
6.50
6.80
6.51
5.87
6.72
RSUs
(In thousands)
960
1,430
(428)
(78)
1,884
The Company recognized $6.5 million, $1.7 million and $2.1 million of stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs in the
years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
11. Segments, Significant Customers, Supplier and Service Providers and Geographic Information
The Company operates in one business segment, providing global satellite communications services and products.
The Company derived approximately 21%, 20% and 20% of the Company’s total revenue in the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013
and 2012, respectively, from prime contracts or subcontracts with agencies of the U.S. government. For the years ended December 31,
2014 and 2013, no single commercial customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. For the year ended
December 31, 2012, two large commercial customers each accounted for approximately 10% of the Company’s total revenue.
The Company derived approximately 30% and 34% of its accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively,
from prime contracts or subcontracts with agencies of the U.S. government. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, one commercial
customer represented 12% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2014, no
other single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2013,
another customer accounted for 11% of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance.
The Company contracts for the manufacture of its subscriber equipment primarily from two manufacturers and utilizes other sole source
suppliers for certain component parts of its devices. Should events or circumstances prevent the manufacturers or the suppliers from
producing the equipment or component parts, the Company’s business could be adversely affected until the Company is able to move
production to other facilities of the manufacturer or secure a replacement manufacturer or an alternative supplier for such component parts.
83
A significant portion of the Company’s satellite operations and maintenance service is provided by Boeing. Should events or
circumstances prevent Boeing from providing these services, the Company’s business could be adversely affected until the Company
is able to assume operations and maintenance responsibilities or secure a replacement service provider.
Net property and equipment by geographic area was as follows as of December 31:
United States
Satellites in orbit
Iridium NEXT systems under construction
All others (1)
Total
2014
2013
(In thousands)
$
137,185
57,494
1,755,973
21,187
$
118,011
96,231
1,341,148
20,189
$
1,971,839
$
1,575,579
(1) No one other country represented more than 10% of property and equipment, net.
Revenue by geographic area was as follows for the years ended December 31:
United States
Canada
United Kingdom
Other countries (1)
Total
2014
194,060
44,933
47,093
122,471
408,557
$
$
2013
(In thousands)
175,054
$
49,541
37,421
120,633
$
382,649
2012
178,145
53,279
42,706
109,390
383,520
$
$
(1)
No one other country represented more than 10% of revenue.
Revenue is attributed to geographic area based on the billing address of the distributor. Service location and the billing address are
often not the same. The Company’s distributors sell services directly or indirectly to end users, who may be located or use the
Company’s products and services elsewhere. The Company cannot provide the geographical distribution of end users because it does
not contract directly with them. The Company is exposed to foreign currency exchange fluctuations as foreign currency exchange rate
movements create a degree of risk by affecting the U.S. dollar value of sales made and costs incurred in foreign currencies .
12. Employee Benefit Plan
The Company sponsors a defined-contribution 401(k) retirement plan (the “Plan”) that covers all employees. Employees are eligible
to participate in the Plan on the first day of the month following the date of hire, and participants are 100% vested from the date of
eligibility. The Company matches employees’ contributions equal to 100% of the salary deferral contributions up to 5% of the
employees’ compensation. Company-matching contributions to the Plan were $1.3 million, $1.2 million and $1.2 million for the years
ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The Company pays all administrative fees related to the Plan.
13. Income Taxes
U.S. and foreign components of income before income taxes are presented below:
U.S. income
Foreign income (loss)
Total income before income taxes
2014
$
$
115,858
594
116,452
Year Ended December 31,
2013
(In thousands)
111,685
$
(1,220)
$
110,465
$
$
2012
94,719
299
95,018
84
The components of the Company’s income tax provision are as follows:
$
Current taxes:
Federal provision (benefit)
State provision (benefit)
Foreign provision
Total current tax provision
Deferred taxes:
Federal provision
State provision (benefit)
Foreign provision (benefit)
Total deferred tax provision
Total income tax provision
$
2014
Year Ended December 31,
2013
(In thousands)
2012
50
(90)
1,260
1,220
40,155
(77)
165
40,243
41,463
$
$
(12)
7
723
718
39,041
8,240
(51)
47,230
47,948
$
$
(47)
96
849
898
30,014
(610)
85
29,489
30,387
In 2011 and 2012, Arizona enacted tax law changes resulting in a benefit to the Company’s net deferred tax expense. Due to the size
and nature of the Company’s operations in Arizona, such changes have a significant impact on the tax provision in a given period. As
a result of these law changes, the Company’s deferred tax expense was reduced by approximately $5.5 million, $4.0 million and $9.5
million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax expense to the Company’s effective income tax provision is as follows:
U.S. federal statutory tax rate
State taxes, net of federal benefit
State tax valuation allowance
Arizona tax law change
Other nondeductible expenses
Liability for uncertain tax positions
Tax credits and other adjustments
Foreign taxes and other items
2014
$
Year Ended December 31,
2013
(In thousands)
38,668
$
9,048
3,151
(3,975)
1,185
(146)
(849)
866
40,766
4,991
380
(5,525)
903
-
(994)
942
$
Total income tax provision
$
41,463
$
47,948
$
The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:
2012
33,256
3,837
1,943
(9,524)
414
(45)
223
283
30,387
Deferred tax assets
Long-term contracts
Deferred revenue
Federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards and tax
credits
Other
Total deferred tax assets
Valuation allowance
Net deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
Fixed assets and intangibles
Research and development expenditures
Other
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred income tax liabilities
85
As of December 31,
2014
2013
(In thousands)
$
$
$
$
$
49,207
6,357
133,021
24,571
213,156
(6,806)
206,350
(95,797)
(335,833)
(8,753)
(440,383)
(234,033)
$
$
$
$
$
33,988
4,086
133,190
21,571
192,835
(6,567)
186,268
(58,220)
(318,340)
(3,457)
(380,017)
(193,749)
The Company recognizes valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.
In assessing the likelihood of realization, management considers: (i) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences;
(ii) future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards; (iii) taxable income in prior carryback
year(s) if carryback is permitted under applicable tax law; and (iv) tax planning strategies.
As of December 31, 2014, the Company had deferred tax assets related to cumulative U.S. and state net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $323.6 million. These net operating loss carryforwards, if unutilized, will expire in various amounts from 2015 through 2033.
The Company believes that the U.S. federal net operating losses will be utilized before the expiration dates and as such no valuation
allowance has been established for these deferred tax assets. The Company does not expect to fully utilize all of its state net operating losses
within the respective carryforward periods. As such, the Company has increased its state net operating loss valuation allowance by $0.4
million for the year ended December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had deferred tax assets related to the foreign net
operating loss carryforwards of approximately $0.1 million in various jurisdictions that begin to expire in 2016. The Company does not
expect to fully utilize all of its foreign net operating losses within the respective carryforward periods and as such reflects a partial valuation
allowance against these deferred tax assets on its consolidated balance sheet. The timing and manner in which the Company will utilize the
net operating loss carryforwards in any year, or in total, may be limited in the future as a result of alternative minimum taxes, changes in the
Company’s ownership and any limitations imposed by the jurisdictions in which the Company operates.
As of December 31, 2014, the Company had approximately $4.4 million of deferred tax assets related to research and development tax
credits that expire in various amounts from 2028 through 2034, $2.3 million of foreign tax credits which expire in various amounts
from 2020 through 2024, and $1.3 million of deferred tax assets related to Alternative Minimum Tax credits which do not expire. The
Company believes that the research and development credits will be fully utilized within the carryforward period. However, the
Company does not expect to utilize all of its foreign tax credits within the respective carryforward periods. As such, the Company has
a partial valuation allowance of $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.
The Company has provided for U.S. income taxes on all undistributed earnings of its significant foreign subsidiaries since the Company does
not indefinitely reinvest these undistributed earnings. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using tax rates expected to
apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company recognizes
the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Uncertain Income Tax Positions
The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. and various state and foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in
evaluating tax positions and determining the provision for income taxes. The Company establishes liabilities for tax-related
uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes may be due. These liabilities are established
when the Company believes that certain positions might be challenged despite its belief that its tax return positions are fully
supportable. The Company adjusts these liabilities in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the outcome of a tax audit.
The provision for income taxes includes the impact of changes to these liabilities.
The amount of uncertain tax positions if recognized at December 31, 2014 was $1.2 million, as compared to $1.3 million at
December 31, 2013. It is reasonably possible that $0.3 million of the unrecognized tax benefit reflected at December 31, 2014 may
reverse in the next 12 months as the Company reassesses its filing positions in various foreign jurisdictions. Any changes are not
anticipated to have significant impact on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company. All of the
Company’s uncertain tax positions, if recognized, would affect its income tax expense.
The Company has elected an accounting policy to classify interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of
income tax expense. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, potential interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits were not significant.
The Company is subject to tax audits in all jurisdictions for which it files tax returns. Tax audits by their very nature are often
complex and can require several years to complete. Currently, there are no U.S. federal, state or foreign jurisdiction tax audits
pending. The Company’s corporate U.S. federal and state tax returns from 2009 to 2013 remain subject to examination by tax
authorities and the Company’s foreign tax returns from 2007 to 2013 remain subject to examination by tax authorities.
The following is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits which includes related interest and penalties:
2014
2013
Balance at January 1,
Change attributable to tax positions taken in a prior period
Change attributable to tax positions taken in the current period
Decrease attributable to lapse of statute of limitations
Balance at December 31,
$
$
86
$
(In thousands)
1,259
(51)
8
(66)
1,150
$
1,405
54
7
(207)
1,259
14. Net Income Per Share
The computations of basic and diluted net income per share are set forth below:
2014
Year Ended December 31,
2013
(In thousands, except per share data)
2012
Numerator:
Net income attributable to common stockholders
Net income allocated to participating securities
Numerator for basic net income per share
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock
Dividends on Series B Preferred Stock
Numerator for diluted net income per share
Denominator:
Denominator for basic net income per share - weighted
average outstanding common shares
Dilutive effect of warrants
Dilutive effect of stock options
Dilutive effect of contingently issuable shares
Dilutive effect of Series A Preferred Stock
Dilutive effect of Series B Preferred Stock
Denominator for diluted net income per share
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders -
basic
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders -
diluted
$
$
$
$
62,669
(43)
62,626
7,000
5,320
74,946
88,080
-
85
-
10,602
10,633
109,400
0.71
0.69
$
$
$
$
55,517
(46)
55,471
7,000
-
62,471
76,909
-
-
-
10,602
-
87,511
0.72
0.71
$
$
$
$
62,939
(54)
62,885
1,692
-
64,577
74,239
1,272
6
-
2,665
-
78,182
0.85
0.83
For the year ended December 31, 2014, warrants to purchase 0.3 million shares of common stock and options to purchase 3.6 million
shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted net income per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive.
Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 2014, 1.3 million unvested RSUs were excluded from the computation of basic and
diluted net income per share. In January 2015, the Company granted approximately 0.2 million stock options and 0.1 million RSUs to
employees and members of the Company’s board of directors. These grants could have dilutive effects on net income per share in
future periods.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, warrants to purchase 0.4 million shares of common stock and options to purchase 5.2 million
shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted net income per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive.
Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 2013, 0.9 million unvested RSUs were excluded from the computation of basic and
diluted net income per share.
For the year ended December 31, 2012, warrants to purchase 0.3 million shares of common stock, options to purchase 4.3 million
shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted net income per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive.
Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 2012, 0.5 million unvested RSUs were excluded from the computation of basic and
diluted net income per share.
15. Selected Quarterly Information (Unaudited)
The following represents the Company’s unaudited quarterly results for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:
Revenue
Operating income
Net income
Net income per common share - basic
Net income per common share - diluted
$
$
$
$
$
Quarter Ended
March 31,
2014
June 30,
2014
September 30,
2014
December 31,
2014
(In thousands, except per share data)
98,032
28,344
16,543
0.19
0.19
$
$
$
$
$
102,521
29,713
15,019
0.14
0.14
$
$
$
$
$
107,493
33,013
20,388
0.18
0.17
$
$
$
$
$
100,511
31,841
23,039
0.20
0.19
87
Revenue
Operating income
Net income
Net income per common share - basic
Net income per common share - diluted
$
$
$
$
$
Quarter Ended
March 31,
2013
June 30,
2013
September 30,
2013
December 31,
2013
(In thousands, except per share data)
89,189
25,338
14,934
0.17
0.17
$
$
$
$
$
94,684
28,848
15,413
0.18
0.18
$
$
$
$
$
100,569
29,451
16,585
0.19
0.19
$
$
$
$
$
98,207
26,257
15,585
0.18
0.18
The sum of the per share amounts does not equal the annual amounts due to changes in the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding during the year.
Item 9.
None.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer, who is our principal
executive officer, and our chief financial officer, who is our principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure
controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the
Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report. In evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management
recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of
achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there
are resource constraints and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and
procedures relative to their costs. In addition, the design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about
the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all
potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance
with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a control system, misstatements due to error or
fraud may occur and not be detected.
Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal
executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control
over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or
under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our board of directors, management
and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Such internal control includes
those policies and procedures that:
•
•
•
Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
dispositions of the assets of our company;
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of our company; and
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition
of our company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of
any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
88
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014. In making this
assessment, our management used the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 Framework). Based on its assessment, our management has determined
that, as of December 31, 2014, our internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has audited our 2014 financial statements. Ernst & Young
LLP was given unrestricted access to all financial records and related data, including minutes of all meetings of stockholders, the
Board of Directors and committees of the Board. Ernst & Young LLP has issued an unqualified report on our 2014 financial
statements as a result of the audit and also has issued an unqualified report on our internal controls over financial reporting which is
attached hereto.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended December 31, 2014, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially
affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
89
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Iridium Communications Inc.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We have audited Iridium Communications Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on
criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Iridium Communications Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining
effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over
financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of
internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the
assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being
made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a
material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Iridium Communications Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
consolidated balance sheets of Iridium Communications Inc. as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated
statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2014 and our report dated February 26, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
McLean, Virginia
February 26, 2015
90
Item 9B.
Other Information
None.
PART III
We will file a definitive Proxy Statement for our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2015 Proxy Statement”) with the SEC,
pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year. Accordingly, certain information required by
Part III has been omitted as permitted by General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K. Only those sections of the 2015 Proxy Statement
that specifically address the items set forth herein are incorporated by reference.
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the sections of our 2015 Proxy Statement entitled “Board of
Directors and Committees,” “Election of Directors,” “Management” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance.”
Item 11.
Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the sections of our 2015 Proxy Statement entitled
“Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Executive Compensation” and “Director Compensation.”
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the sections of our 2015 Proxy Statement entitled “Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation
Plans.”
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the sections of our 2015 Proxy Statement entitled “Transactions
with Related Parties” and “Director Independence.”
Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the section of our 2015 Proxy Statement entitled “Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees.”
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Form 10-K:
PART IV
(1) Financial Statements
Iridium Communications Inc.:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
The financial statement schedules are not included here because required information is included in the consolidated financial
statements.
(3) Exhibits
The exhibits that are filed or furnished with this report or that are incorporated by reference herein are set forth in the Exhibit Index on
page 97, which is incorporated by reference herein.
91
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC.
SIGNATURES
Date: February 26, 2015
By:
/s/ Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on
behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Name
Title
Date
/s/ MATTHEW J. DESCH
Matthew J. Desch
Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ THOMAS J. FITZPATRICK
Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Chief Financial Officer, Chief Administrative Officer and
Director
(Principal Financial Officer)
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
/s/ RICHARD P. NYREN
Richard P. Nyren
Vice President and Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
February 26, 2015
/s/ ROBERT H. NIEHAUS
Robert H. Niehaus
/s/ THOMAS C. CANFIELD
Thomas C. Canfield
/s/ PETER M. DAWKINS
Peter M. Dawkins
/s/ ALVIN B. KRONGARD
Alvin B. Krongard
/s/ ERIC T. OLSON
Eric T. Olson
/s/ STEVEN B. PFEIFFER
Steven B. Pfeiffer
/s/ PARKER W. RUSH
Parker W. Rush
/s/ S. SCOTT SMITH
S. Scott Smith
/s/ BARRY J. WEST
Barry J. West
Director and Chairman of the Board
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
February 26, 2015
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
92
Exhibit
No.
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
10.1†
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5†
EXHIBIT INDEX
Document
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated September 29, 2009, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 29, 2009.
Certificate of Designations of Iridium Communications Inc. filed on October 3, 2012 with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware designating the preferences, limitations, voting powers and relative rights of the 7% Series A
Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 3, 2012.
Certificate of Designations of Iridium Communications Inc. filed on May 14, 2014 with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware designating the preferences, limitations, voting powers and relative rights of the 6.75% Series B
Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s
Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on May 14, 2014.
Amended and Restated Bylaws, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registrant’s Current Report on
Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 29, 2009.
Specimen Common Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Registrant’s Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-147722) filed with the SEC on February 4, 2008.
Amended and Restated Warrant Agreement between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 26,
2008.
Warrant Agreement for $11.50 Warrants between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
September 29, 2009.
Specimen Warrant Certificate for $11.50 Warrants, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.5 of the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 29, 2009.
Supplemental Agreement dated as of May 2, 2014 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Société Générale, as COFACE
Agent, amending and restating the COFACE Facility Agreement among Iridium Satellite LLC, the Registrant, Iridium
Holdings LLC, SE Licensing LLC, Iridium Carrier Holdings LLC, Iridium Carrier Services LLC, Syncom-Iridium
Holdings Corp., Iridium Constellation LLC and Iridium Government Services LLC; Deutsche Bank AG (Paris
Branch), Banco Santander SA, Société Générale, Natixis, Mediobanca International (Luxembourg) S.A., BNP Paribas,
Crédit Industriel et Commercial, Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A. (Paris Branch) and Unicredit Bank Austria AG; Deutsche
Bank Trust Company Americas as the security agent and U.S. collateral agent; and Société Générale as the COFACE
agent, dated as of October 4, 2010, as amended and restated on 1 August 2012, as amended on 26 July 2013 and as
amended on 30 October 2013, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on July 31, 2014.
Security Agreement, dated as of October 13, 2010, between the Registrant, Iridium Satellite LLC, Iridium Holdings
LLC, Iridium Carrier Holdings LLC, Iridium Carrier Services LLC, SE Licensing LLC, Iridium Government Services
LLC, Iridium Constellation LLC, Syncom-Iridium Holdings Corp. and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas,
acting as Security Agent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Pledge Agreement, dated as of October 13, 2010, between the Registrant, Syncom-Iridium Holdings Corp., Iridium
Holdings LLC, Iridium Carrier Holdings LLC, Iridium Satellite LLC, Iridium Constellation LLC and Deutsche Bank
Trust Company Americas, acting as Security Agent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Stock Pledge Agreement, dated as of October 13, 2010, between the Registrant and Deutsche Bank Trust Company
Americas, acting as Security Agent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Aireon LLC, between Aireon LLC; Iridium
Satellite LLC; NAV CANADA; NAV CANADA Satellite, Inc.; Enav S.p.A.; ENAV North Atlantic LLC; Naviair;
Naviair Surveillance A/S; and Irish Aviation Authority Limited, dated as of February 14, 2014, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 1, 2014.
93
Exhibit
No.
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10†
10.11†
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15†
10.16
10.17†
10.18†
10.19†
10.20†
10.21†
Document
Subscription Agreement for Preferred Interests between Aireon LLC and Enav S.p.A., dated as of December 20, 2013,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on
March 4, 2014.
Subscription Agreement for Preferred Interests between Aireon LLC and Naviair, dated as of December 20, 2013,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on
March 4, 2014.
Subscription Agreement for Preferred Interests between Aireon LLC and Irish Aviation Authority Limited, dated as of
December 20, 2013, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed
with the SEC on March 4, 2014.
Amended and Restated Subscription Agreement for Preferred Interests between Aireon LLC and NAV CANADA
Satellite, Inc., dated as of December 20, 2013, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 4, 2014.
Settlement Agreement between Iridium Holdings LLC, Iridium Satellite LLC, the Registrant and Motorola, Inc., dated
as of September 30, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Security Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2010, between Iridium Satellite LLC and Deutsche Bank Trust
Company Americas, acting as Collateral Agent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit C to Exhibit 10.5 to the
Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Guaranty, dated as of September 30, 2010, by Iridium Holdings LLC and the Registrant in favor of Motorola, Inc.,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on
March 7, 2011.
Amended and Restated Transition Services, Products and Asset Agreement, between Iridium Satellite LLC, Iridium
Holdings LLC and Motorola, Inc., dated as of September 30, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the
Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Transition Services, Products and Asset Agreement, between Iridium
Satellite LLC, Iridium Holdings LLC and Motorola, Inc., dated as of December 30, 2010, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
System Intellectual Property Rights Amendment and Agreement, between Iridium Satellite LLC and Motorola, Inc.,
dated as of September 30, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form
10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Supplemental Subscriber Equipment Technology Amendment and Agreement, between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Motorola, Inc., dated as of September 30, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Thales Alenia Space
France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated June 1, 2010, incorporated by reference to Annex 1 to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A filed with the SEC on October 29, 2010.
Amendment No. 1 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated August 6, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A filed with the SEC on January 14, 2011.
Amendment No. 2 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated September 30, 2010, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 9, 2010.
Amendment No. 3 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated October 25, 2010, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Amendment No. 4 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated as of April 29, 2011, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 8, 2011.
94
Exhibit
No.
10.22†
10.23†
10.24†
10.25†
10.26†
10.27†
10.28†
10.29†
10.30†
10.31†
10.32†
10.33†
10.34†
10.35†
10.36†
10.37†
Document
Amendment No. 5 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated September 12, 2011, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 8, 2011.
Amendment No. 6 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated October 24, 2011, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.22 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 6, 2012.
Amendment No. 7 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated March 12, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 3, 2012.
Amendment No. 8 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated March 13, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 3, 2012.
Amendment No. 9 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated June 19, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 2, 2012.
Amendment No. 10 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated June 19, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 2, 2012.
Amendment No. 11 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated July 3, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 2, 2012.
Amendment No. 12 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated July 6, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 2, 2012.
Amendment No. 13 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated October 25, 2012, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.26 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2013.
Amendment No. 14 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated November 8, 2012, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.27 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2013.
Amendment No. 15 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated June 11, 2013, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 31, 2013.
Amendment No. 16 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated July 24, 2013, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 31, 2013.
Amendment No. 17 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated August 20, 2013, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.4 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 31, 2013.
Amendment No. 18 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated October 21, 2013, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.38 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 4, 2014.
Amendment No. 19 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated October 29, 2013, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.39 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 4, 2014.
Amendment No. 20 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated July 7, 2014, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 30, 2014.
95
Exhibit
No.
10.38†
10.39†
10.40†
10.41†
10.42†
10.43†
10.44
10.45†
10.46†
10.47†
10.48†
10.49†
10.50†
10.51†
10.52†
10.53†
Document
Amendment No. 21 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated July 9, 2014, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 30, 2014.
Amendment No. 22 to the Full Scale System Development Contract No. IS-10-021 between Iridium Satellite LLC and
Thales Alenia Space France for the Iridium NEXT System, dated July 14, 2014, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 30, 2014.
Contract for Launch Services No. IS-10-008 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Space Exploration Technologies
Corp., dated March 19, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q/A filed with the SEC on March 29, 2011.
Amendment No. 1 to the Contract for Launch Services No. IS-10-008 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Space
Exploration Technologies Corp., dated September 17, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 9, 2010.
Amendment No. 2 to the Contract for Launch Services No. IS-10-008 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Space
Exploration Technologies Corp., effective as of August 1, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 2, 2012.
Amendment No. 3 to the Contract for Launch Services No. IS-10-008 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Space
Exploration Technologies Corp., dated as of May 9, 2013, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 31, 2013.
Amendment No. 4 to the Contract for Launch Services No. IS-10-008 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Space
Exploration Technologies Corp., dated as of January 27, 2014, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 1, 2014.
Amendment No. 5 to the Contract for Launch Services No. IS-10-008 between Iridium Satellite LLC and Space
Exploration Technologies Corp., dated as of September 15, 2014, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of
the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 30, 2014.
Contract for Launch Services No. IS-11-032 between Iridium Satellite LLC and International Space Company
Kosmotras, dated as of June 14, 2011, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 8, 2011.
Amendment No. 1 to Contract for Launch Services No. IS-11-032 between Iridium Satellite LLC and International
Space Company Kosmotras, dated as of September 25, 2012 and effective as of June 13, 2013, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 1, 2013.
Amendment No. 2 to Contract for Launch Services No. IS-11-032 between Iridium Satellite LLC and International
Space Company Kosmotras, dated as of April 15, 2013, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 1, 2013.
Amendment No. 3 to Contract for Launch Services No. IS-11-032 between Iridium Satellite LLC and International
Space Company Kosmotras, dated as of June 13, 2013, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 1, 2013.
Amendment No. 4 to Contract for Launch Services No. IS-11-032 between Iridium Satellite LLC and International
Space Company Kosmotras, dated as of April 21, 2014, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on July 31, 2014.
Amendment No. 5 to Contract for Launch Services No. IS-11-032 between Iridium Satellite LLC and International
Space Company Kosmotras, dated as of June 20, 2014, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on July 31, 2014.
Products and Services Agreement No. AIR-12-001 between Aireon LLC and Harris Corporation Government
Communications Systems Division, dated as of June 19, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A filed with the SEC on September 12, 2012.
Amendment No. 1 to the Products and Services Agreement No. AIR-12-001 between Aireon LLC and Harris
Corporation Government Communications Systems Division, dated as of July 31, 2012, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 2, 2012.
96
Exhibit
No.
10.54†
10.55
10.56††
10.57††
10.58†
10.59††
10.60
10.61†
10.62
10.63
10.64
10.65†
10.66†
10.67
10.68†
10.69*
10.70*
Document
Amendment No. 2 to the Products and Services Agreement No. AIR-12-001 between Aireon LLC and Harris
Corporation Government Communications Systems Division, dated as of September 4, 2012, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 2, 2012.
Amendment No. 3 to the Products and Services Agreement No. AIR-12-001 between Aireon LLC and Harris
Corporation Government Communications Systems Division, dated as of March 18, 2013, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 2, 2013.
Amendment No. 14 to the Products and Services Agreement No. AIR-12-001 between Aireon LLC and Harris
Corporation Government Communications Systems Division, dated as of November 12, 2014.
Amendment No. 15 to the Products and Services Agreement No. AIR-12-001 between Aireon LLC and Harris
Corporation Government Communications Systems Division, dated as of December 18, 2014.
Iridium NEXT Support Services Agreement No. IS-10-019, by and between Iridium Satellite LLC and The Boeing
Company for Support Services for Iridium NEXT, dated as of May 28, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9
to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A filed with the SEC on March 29, 2011.
Amendment No. 5 to Iridium NEXT Support Services Agreement No. IS-10-019, by and between Iridium Satellite
LLC and The Boeing Company for Support Services for Iridium NEXT, effective as of January 1, 2015.
Indemnification Contract, dated December 5, 2000, among Iridium Satellite LLC, The Boeing Company, Motorola,
Inc. and the United States, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form
8-K filed with the SEC on September 29, 2009.
Terms and Conditions for De-Orbit Postponement Modification for Contract DCA100-01-C-3001, by and between
Iridium Satellite LLC, The Boeing Company and the United States Government, dated September 7, 2010,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC
on November 9, 2010.
Intellectual Property Rights Agreement, dated December 11, 2000, among Motorola Inc. and Iridium Satellite LLC,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
September 29, 2009.
Subscriber Equipment Technology Agreement (Design), dated as of September 30, 2002, by and among Motorola Inc.
and SE Licensing LLC, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-
K filed with the SEC on September 29, 2009.
Subscriber Equipment Technology Agreement (Manufacturing), dated as of September 30, 2002, by and among
Motorola Inc. and SE Licensing LLC, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Registrant’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 29, 2009.
Amended and Restated Contract Boeing No. BSC-2000-001 between Iridium Constellation LLC and The Boeing
Company for Transition, Operations and Maintenance, Engineering Services, and Re-Orbit of the Iridium
Communications System, dated as of May 28, 2010, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of the
Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A filed with the SEC on March 29, 2011.
Contract for Enhanced Mobile Satellite Services between Iridium Satellite LLC and the Defense Information Systems
Agency, effective October 22, 2013, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.59 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 4, 2014.
Form of Registration Rights Agreement, incorporated by reference to Annex D of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement
filed with the SEC on August 28, 2009.
Amendment No. 1 to Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 29, 2011, by and among Iridium
Communications Inc. and the parties listed on the signature pages thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 30, 2011.
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of March 30, 2011, by and between the Registrant and
Matthew J. Desch, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the SEC on April 5, 2011.
Employment Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2010, by and between the Registrant and Thomas J. Fitzpatrick,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC
on May 10, 2010.
97
Exhibit
No.
10.71*
10.72*
10.73*
10.74*
10.75*
10.76*
10.77
10.78*
10.79*
10.80*
10.81*
10.82*
10.83*
10.84*
10.85*
10.86*
10.87*
Document
Amendment to Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Thomas J. Fitzpatrick, dated as of
December 31, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed
with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and S. Scott Smith, dated as of March 2010, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.39 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 6, 2012.
Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and S. Scott Smith, dated as of December 31, 2010,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on
March 6, 2012.
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Bryan J. Hartin, dated as of December 10, 2012, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.69 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 4, 2014.
Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Thomas D. Hickey, dated as of April 29, 2011, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.70 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 4, 2014.
2009 Iridium Communications Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Annex E of the Registrant’s
Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on August 28, 2009.
Form of Indemnity Agreement between the Registrant and each of its directors and officers, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Form S-1/A filed with the SEC on February 4, 2008.
Form of Stock Option Award Agreement for use in connection with the 2009 Iridium Communications Inc. Stock
Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with
the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for use in connection with the 2009 Iridium Communications Inc. Stock
Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with
the SEC on March 6, 2012.
Performance Share Program established under the Iridium Communications Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
March 3, 2014.
Form of Performance Share Award Grant Notice and Performance Share Award Agreement for use in connection with
the Performance Share Program established under the Iridium Communications Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
March 3, 2014.
Form of Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employee Directors for use in connection with the 2009 Iridium
Communications Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to the Registrant’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for Non-Employee Directors for use in connection with the 2009 Iridium
Communications Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to the Registrant’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Non-Employee Directors for use in connection with the 2009 Iridium
Communications Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to the Registrant’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2011.
Iridium Communications Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Registrant’s
Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on April 10, 2012.
Forms of Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement for use in connection with the Iridium
Communications Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 23, 2012.
Forms of Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for use in connection with the
Iridium Communications Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 23, 2012.
10.88*
Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 22, 2009.
98
Exhibit
No.
10.89*
10.90*
10.91*
21.1
23.1
31.1
31.2
32.1
Document
Iridium Communications Inc. 2014 Executive Performance Bonus Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.3 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 1, 2014.
Performance Share Program established under the Iridium Communications Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
March 3, 2014.
Form of Performance Share Award Grant Notice and Performance Share Award Agreement for use in connection with
the Performance Share Program established under the Iridium Communications Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
March 3, 2014.
List of Subsidiaries.
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
†
††
*
Confidential treatment has been granted for certain portions omitted from this exhibit pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Confidential portions of this exhibit have been separately filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Confidential treatment has been requested for certain portions omitted from this exhibit pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Confidential portions of this exhibit have been separately filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Denotes compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.
99
[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
Subsidiary
Aireon LLC
Iridium Blocker-B Inc.
Syncom-Iridium Holdings Corp.
Iridium Holdings LLC
Iridium Satellite LLC
Iridium Constellation LLC
Iridium Carrier Holdings LLC
Iridium Carrier Services LLC
Iridium Government Services LLC
OOO Iridium Services
OOO Iridium Communications
Iridium Norway A/S
SUBSIDIARIES OF IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC.
Jurisdiction of Organization
EXHIBIT 21.1
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Russia
Russia
Norway
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
EXHIBIT 23.1
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements (Form S-3 Nos. 333-162206, 333-165513, 333-194869
and 333-195822, and Form S-8 Nos. 333-165508 and 333-181744) of Iridium Communications Inc. of our reports dated February 26,
2015, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Iridium Communications Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control
over financial reporting of Iridium Communications Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended
December 31, 2014.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
McLean, VA
February 26, 2015
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
Pursuant to Section 302 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
EXHIBIT 31.1
I, Matthew J. Desch, certify that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Iridium Communications Inc.;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined
in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is
made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing
the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 26, 2015
/s/ Matthew J. Desch
Matthew J. Desch
Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
Pursuant to Section 302 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
EXHIBIT 31.2
I, Thomas J. Fitzpatrick, certify that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Iridium Communications Inc.;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined
in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is
made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing
the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 26, 2015
/s/ Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer
(principal financial officer)
CERTIFICATIONS OF
PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
EXHIBIT 32.1
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Chief Executive
Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of Iridium Communications Inc. (the “Company”) each hereby certifies that, to the best of his
knowledge:
1.
2.
The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, to which this Certification is
attached as Exhibit 32.1 (the “Form 10-K”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
The information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company at
the end of the period covered by the Form 10-K and results of operations of the Company for the periods covered in the
financial statements in the Form 10-K.
Dated: February 26, 2015
/s/ Matthew J. Desch
Matthew J. Desch
Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer
This certification accompanies the Form 10-K and shall not be deemed “filed” by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures & Definitions
In addition to disclosing financial results that are determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company discloses Operational
EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, as a supplemental measure to help investors evaluate its fundamental operational
performance. Operational EBITDA, or OEBITDA, represents earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization,
Iridium NEXT revenue and expenses (for periods prior to the deployment of Iridium NEXT only), loss from investment in Aireon
(which was previously included with Iridium NEXT revenue and expenses), stock-based compensation expenses, transaction expenses
associated with the acquisition, the impact of purchase accounting adjustments, and changes in the fair value of warrants. The
Company also presents Operational EBITDA expressed as a percentage of GAAP revenue, or Operational EBITDA margin.
Operational EBITDA, along with its related measure, Operational EBITDA margin, does not represent, and should not be considered,
an alternative to GAAP measures such as net income, and the Company’s calculations thereof may not be comparable to similarly
entitled measures reported by other companies. A reconciliation of Operational EBITDA to net income, its comparable GAAP
financial measure, is in the attached appendix. By eliminating interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, Iridium NEXT
revenue and expenses (for periods prior to the deployment of Iridium NEXT only), loss from investment in Aireon (which was
previously included with Iridium NEXT revenue and expenses), stock-based compensation expenses, transaction expenses associated
with the acquisition, the impact of purchase accounting adjustments and changes in the fair value of warrants, the Company believes
the result is a useful measure across time in evaluating its fundamental core operating performance. Management also uses
Operational EBITDA to manage the business, including in preparing its annual operating budget, debt covenant compliance, financial
projections and compensation plans. The Company believes that Operational EBITDA is also useful to investors because similar
measures are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in their evaluation of companies in similar
industries. As indicated, Operational EBITDA does not include interest expense on borrowed money or the payment of income taxes
or depreciation expense on the Company’s capital assets, which are necessary elements of the Company’s operations. It also excludes
expenses in connection with the development, deployment and financing of Iridium NEXT and loss from investment in Aireon. Since
Operational EBITDA does not account for these and other expenses, its utility as a measure of the Company’s operating performance
has material limitations. Due to these limitations, management does not view Operational EBITDA in isolation and also uses other
measurements, such as net income, revenue and operating profit, to measure operating performance.
Iridium Communications Inc.
Non-GAAP Reconciliation
$ in Thousands
Net income
Interest expense
Interest income
Income taxes
Depreciation and amortization
EBITDA
Iridium Next expenses, net
Loss from investment in Aireon
Share-based compensation
Transaction expenses
Purchase accounting adjustments
Operational EBITDA
Reported revenue
NEXT revenue
Purchase accounting adjustments
Adjusted revenue
For the Year Ended December 31,
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
$ 19,941
23
(660)
14,671
90,667
$ 41,035
42
(1,242)
24,546
97,646
$ 64,631
114
(1,186)
30,387
81,110
$ 62,517
583
(2,859)
47,948
74,980
$ 74,989
954
(4,594)
41,463
72,769
124,642
17,697
-
4,875
-
11,666
162,027
22,284
-
5,895
-
163
175,056
23,042
826
7,332
-
(502)
183,169
8,064
3,332
6,715
-
(194)
185,581
18,064
4,296
9,559
-
(1,000)
$158,880
$190,369
$205,754
$201,086
$216,500
For the Year Ended December 31,
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
$348,173
(89)
3,315
$384,307
(49)
1,200
$383,520
(121)
415
$382,649
(298)
806
$408,557
(10)
-
$351,399
$385,458
$383,814
$383,157
$408,547
Corporate Information
2015 ANNUAL MEETING
The Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be held on May 12, 2015 at 8:30 a.m. local time at The Ritz-Carlton, Tysons Corner:
1700 Tysons Boulevard, McLean, VA 22102
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Robert H. Niehaus
Chairman of the Board
Chairman, GCP Capital Partners LLC
Thomas C. Canfield
Senior Vice President and General Counsel,
Spirit Airlines, Inc.
Brig. Gen. Peter M. Dawkins (Ret.)
Principal, ShiningStar Capital LLC
Senior Advisor, Virtu Financial LLC
Matthew J. Desch
Chief Executive Officer
Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Chief Financial Officer and
Chief Administrative Officer
Alvin B. Krongard
Former Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer,
Alex. Brown Incorporated
Admiral Eric T. Olson (Ret.)
President and Managing Member,
ETO Group, LLC
Former Commander,
U.S. Special Operations Command
Steven B. Pfeiffer
Partner, Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP
Parker W. Rush
Chief Executive Officer, ClearView Risk
Holdings, LLC
S. Scott Smith
Chief Operating Officer
Barry J. West
Chief Executive Officer,
Collision Communications Inc.
GENERAL INFORMATION
INVESTOR INFORMATION
Transfer Agent and Registrar
American Stock Transfer and
Trust Company
6201 15th Avenue
Brooklyn, NY 11219
(800) 937-5449
www.amstock.com
Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Ernst & Young LLP
8484 Westpark Drive
McLean, VA 22102
(703) 747-1000
www.ey.com
Stock Exchange
NASDAQ Global Select Market
Common Stock (IRDM)
Information Requests
Copies of the Company’s Annual Report
on Form 10-K and other investor
information are available to stockholders
upon written request to:
Iridium Communications Inc.
Attention: Investor Relations
1750 Tysons Boulevard, Suite 1400
McLean, VA 22102
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Matthew J. Desch
Chief Executive Officer
Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
Chief Financial Officer and
Chief Administrative Officer
Bryan J. Hartin
Executive Vice President,
Sales and Marketing
Thomas D. Hickey
Chief Legal Officer
Richard P. Nyren
Vice President and Corporate Controller,
Iridium Satellite LLC
Scott T. Scheimreif
Executive Vice President,
Government Programs
S. Scott Smith
Chief Operating Officer
Donald L. Thoma
President and Chief Executive Officer,
Aireon LLC
Investor Inquiries
Steve E. Kunszabo
Executive Director,
Finance and Investor Relations
(703) 287-7570
investor.relations@iridium.com
www.iridium.com
CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
1750 Tysons Boulevard, Suite 1400
McLean, Virginia 22102
(703) 287-7400
www.iridium.com
BUSINESS OPERATIONS
8440 South River Parkway
Tempe, AZ 85284
(480) 752-1100
Only one communications company connects the entire globe
Iridium is the world’s only truly global mobile communications company, with coverage of the
entire Earth, including oceans, airways and polar regions. Iridium voice and data products provide
communications solutions that allow global companies, government agencies and individuals to stay
connected, everywhere. The unique Iridium constellation of 66 low-Earth orbiting (LEO) cross-linked
satellites routes communications traffic through space and around the world, creating highly efficient
and reliable connections.
www.iridium.com
R E L I A B L E • C R I T I C A L • L I F E L I N E S ®
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© Copyright 2015 Iridium Communications Inc. All rights reserved. Iridium is a registered mark of Iridium Satellite LLC. All other
trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective holders. Information is subject to change without notice.