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Kingstone Companies, Inc.

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FY2015 Annual Report · Kingstone Companies, Inc.
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SECURITIES & EXCHANGE COMMISSION EDGAR FILING

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC.

Form: 10-K 

Date Filed: 2016-03-24

Corporate Issuer CIK:   33992

© Copyright 2016, Issuer Direct Corporation. All Right Reserved. Distribution of this document is strictly prohibited, subject to the terms of use.

(Mark One)
(x)

ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015

United States Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(  )

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM                                                                                      TO                      

Commission File Number    0-1665

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

36-2476480
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

15 Joys Lane, Kingston, New York
(Address of principal executive offices)

12401
(Zip Code)

(845) 802-7900
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock

Name of each exchange on which registered
NASDAQ

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.     Yes __ No  X

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.     Yes __ No  X

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter
period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      Yes X  No __

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405
of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes X No __

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. X  

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  is  a  large  accelerated  filer,  an  accelerated  filer,  a  non-accelerated  filer,  or  a  smaller  reporting  company.    See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”
“accelerated filer”” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer __

Non-accelerated __ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Accelerated filer __

Smaller reporting company  X  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes __ No  X

As  of  June  30,  2015,  the  aggregate  market  value  of  the  registrant’s  common  stock  held  by  non-affiliates  of  the  registrant  was  $42,754,324  based  on  the  closing  sale  price  as  reported  on  the  NASDAQ
Capital Market.  As of March 22, 2016, there were 7,321,637 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
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INDEX

Page No.

Business.
Risk Factors.
Unresolved Staff Comments.
Properties.
Legal Proceedings.
Mine Safety Disclosures.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Selected Financial Data.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
Controls and Procedures.
Other Information.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Executive Compensation.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

Forward-Looking Statements
PART I
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
PART III
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
PART IV
Item 15.
Signatures

2

3
21
22
22
22
22

23
24
24
61
61
61
61
62

63
67
70
73
73

75
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Forward-Looking Statements

PART I

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the federal securities laws.  The events described in forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report
may not occur.  Generally these statements relate to business plans or strategies, projected or anticipated benefits or other consequences of our plans or strategies, projected or anticipated benefits from
acquisitions to be made by us, or projections involving anticipated revenues, earnings or other aspects of our operating results.  The words “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “project,” “plan,”
“intend,”  “estimate,”  and  “continue,”  and  their  opposites  and  similar  expressions  are  intended  to  identify  forward-looking  statements.    We  caution  you  that  these  statements  are  not  guarantees  of  future
performance or events and are subject to a number of uncertainties, risks and other influences, many of which are beyond our control, that may influence the accuracy of the statements and the projections
upon which the statements are based.  Factors which may affect our results include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties discussed in Item 7 of this Annual Report under “Factors That May
Affect Future Results and Financial Condition”.

Any  one  or  more  of  these  uncertainties,  risks  and  other  influences  could  materially  affect  our  results  of  operations  and  whether  forward-looking  statements  made  by  us  ultimately  prove  to  be
accurate.  Our actual results, performance and achievements could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements.  We undertake no obligation to publicly update or
revise any forward-looking statements, whether from new information, future events or otherwise.

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ITEM 1.                      BUSINESS.

(a)           Business Development

General

As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”), references to the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our” refer to Kingstone Companies, Inc. (“Kingstone”) and its subsidiaries.

We offer property and casualty insurance products to small businesses and individuals in New York State through our wholly owned subsidiary, Kingstone Insurance Company (“KICO”). KICO is a
licensed property and casualty insurance company in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Texas; however, KICO writes substantially all of its business in New York. Payments, Inc., our
wholly  owned  subsidiary,  is  a  licensed  premium  finance  company  in  the  State  of  New  York  and  through  March  31,  2015,  received  fees  for  placing  contracts  with  a  third  party  licensed  premium  finance
company.

Recent Developments

Developments During 2015

•  Reduced Reliance on Quota Share Reinsurance

Effective July 1, 2015, KICO reduced the ceding percentage for its personal lines quota share reinsurance treaty from 55% gross quota share to 40% net quota share. The reduction of the ceding

percentage allows KICO to retain a higher portion of its premiums.

·  Implemented Electronic Content Management and Workflow System

In  July  2015,  KICO  implemented  Vertafore’s  ImageRight®  software,  an  insurance  industry  leading  electronic  content  management  and  workflow  system.  The  new  software  enhancement  has

streamlined underwriting and claims processes, allowing for greater efficiency and increased production to support KICO’s continued growth.

·  Expanded Licensing to Additional States

In 2015, KICO expanded its ability to write property and casualty insurance by obtaining licenses to write insurance policies in New Jersey, Connecticut and Texas.

·  A.M. Best Rating

In 2015, the A.M. Best rating for KICO was upgraded from B+ (Good) to B++ (Good).

·  Increased Rate of Dividends Declared

In November 2015, we increased the quarterly dividends on our common stock from $.05 per share to $.0625 per share.

Dividends  of  $.05  per  share  were  declared  on  each  of  February  6,  2015,  May  12,  2015  and  August  11,  2015  and  were  paid  on  March  13,  2015  and  June  15,  2015  and  September  14,  2015,

respectively. A dividend of $.0625 per share was declared on November 10, 2015 and was paid on December 14, 2015.

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Developments During 2014

·  Reduced Reliance on Quota Share Reinsurance

In  May  2014,  KICO  notified  its  personal  lines  reinsurers  of  its  election  to  reduce  the  ceding  percentage  for  its  personal  lines  quota  share  reinsurance  treaty  from  75%  to  55%  effective  July  1,

2014.  It was this ability of KICO to retain a higher portion of its premiums that was a prime factor in proceeding with the December 2013 underwritten public offering.

Effective July 1, 2014, KICO non-renewed its commercial lines reinsurance treaty (excluding commercial auto), which consists of small business and artisans risks. KICO had previously ceded

25% of commercial lines written premiums to quota share reinsurers.

· Increased Rate of Dividends Declared

In August 2014, we increased the quarterly dividends on our common stock from $.04 per share to $.05 per share.

Dividends of $.04 per share were declared on each of February 19, 2014 and May 13, 2014 and were paid on March 14, 2014 and June 13, 2014, respectively. Dividends of $.05 per share were

declared on each of August 12, 2014 and November 12, 2014 and were paid on September 15, 2014 and December 12, 2014, respectively.

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(b)

Business

Property and Casualty Insurance

Overview

Generally, property and casualty insurance companies write insurance policies in exchange for premiums paid by their customers (the “insureds”).  An insurance policy is a contract between the
insurance  company  and  its  insureds  where  the  insurance  company  agrees  to  pay  for  losses  suffered  by  the  insured  that  are  covered  under  the  contract.    Such  contracts  often  are  subject  to  legal
interpretation by courts, often involving legislative actions and/or arbitration. Property insurance generally covers the financial consequences of accidental losses to the insured’s property, such as a home
and the personal property in it, or a business’ building, inventory and equipment. Casualty insurance (often referred to as liability insurance) generally covers the financial consequences related to the legal
liability of an individual or an organization resulting from negligent acts and omissions causing bodily injury and/or property damage to a third party.  Claims for property coverage generally are reported and
settled in a relatively short period of time, whereas those for casualty coverage can take years and even decades to settle.

We generate revenues from earned premiums, ceding commissions from quota share reinsurance, net investment income generated from our investment portfolio, and net realized gains and losses
on investment securities. We also receive installment fee income, fees charged to reinstate a policy after it has been cancelled for non-payment, and fees for placing premium finance contracts with a third
party licensed premium finance company. Earned premiums represent premiums received from insureds, which are recognized as revenue over the period of time that insurance coverage is provided (i.e.,
ratably over the life of the policy). A significant period of time can elapse between the receipt of insurance premiums and the payment of insurance claims. During this time, KICO invests the premiums, earns
investment income and generates net realized and unrealized investment gains and losses on investments.

Insurance companies incur a significant amount of their total expenses from policyholder losses, which are commonly referred to as claims. In settling policyholder losses, various loss adjustment
expenses (“LAE”) are incurred such as insurance adjusters’ fees and litigation expenses. In addition, insurance companies incur policy acquisition expenses, such as commissions paid to producers and
premium taxes, and other expenses related to the underwriting process, including their employees’ compensation and benefits.

The key measure of relative underwriting performance for an insurance company is the combined ratio. An insurance company’s combined ratio is calculated by adding the ratio of incurred loss and
LAE to earned premiums (the “loss and LAE ratio”) and the ratio of policy acquisition and other underwriting expenses to earned premiums (the “expense ratio”). A combined ratio under 100% indicates that
an insurance company is generating an underwriting profit. However, after considering investment income and investment gains or losses, insurance companies operating at a combined ratio of greater than
100% can be profitable.

            General; Strategy

 We are a property and casualty insurance holding company whose principal operating subsidiary is Kingstone Insurance Company, referred to as KICO, domiciled in the State of New York. We are
a  multi-line  regional  property  and  casualty  insurance  company  writing  business  exclusively  through  independent  retail  and  wholesale  agents  and  brokers,  referred  to  collectively  as  producers.  We  are
licensed to write insurance policies in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Texas.

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We  seek  to  deliver  an  attractive  return  on  capital  and  to  provide  consistent  earnings  growth  through  underwriting  profits  and  income  from  our  investment  portfolio.  Our  goal  is  to  allocate  capital
efficiently to those lines of business that generate sustainable underwriting profits and exit any line for which an underwriting profit is not likely to result. Our strategy is to be the preferred multi-line property
and  casualty  insurance  company  for  selected  producers  in  the  geographic  markets  in  which  we  operate.  We  believe  producers  prefer  to  place  profitable  business  with  us  because  we  provide  excellent,
consistent service to our producers, policyholders and claimants coupled with competitive rates and commission levels and a consistent market presence. We offer a wide array of personal and commercial
lines policies, and we believe that this differentiates us from other insurance companies that also distribute through our selected producers.

Our principal objectives are to increase the volume of profitable business that we write while limiting our risk of loss and preserving our capital. We seek to generate underwriting income by writing
profitable  insurance  policies  and  by  effectively  managing  our  other  underwriting  and  operating  expenses.  We  are  pursuing  profitable  growth  by  expanding  the  geographic  regions  in  which  we  operate,
increasing the volume of business that we write with existing producers, developing new selected producer relationships, and introducing niche insurance products that are attractive to our producers and
policyholders.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, our gross written premiums totaled $91.0 million, an increase of 19.3% from the $76.3 million in gross written premium for the year ended December 31,

2014. For the year ended December 31, 2015, our gross written premiums from our continuing lines of business grew by 23.9% compared to the year ended December 31, 2014.

Product Lines

Our product lines include the following:

Personal lines - Our largest line of business is personal lines, consisting of homeowners, dwelling fire, 3-4 family dwelling package, condominiums, renters, equipment breakdown and service line

endorsements, and personal umbrella policies. Personal lines policies accounted for 76.0% of our gross written premiums for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Commercial liability - We offer business owners policies, which consist primarily of small business retail, service, and office risks without a residential exposure. We also write artisan’s liability policies
for  small  independent  contractors  with  seven  or  fewer  employees.    In  addition,  we  write  special  multi-peril  policies  for  larger  and  more  specialized  business  owners’  risks,  including  those  with  limited
residential exposures. Commercial lines policies accounted for 13.2% of our gross written premiums for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Commercial automobile –  Until recently we provided liability and physical damage coverage for light vehicles owned by small contractors and artisans. However, due to the poor performance of this
line, effective October 1, 2014, we decided to no longer accept new commercial auto policies. In February 2015, we decided to no longer offer renewals to our existing commercial auto policies beginning
with those that expired on or after May 1, 2015. Commercial automobile policies accounted for 0.6% of our gross written premiums for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Livery physical damage - We write for-hire vehicle physical damage only policies for livery and car service vehicles and taxicabs. These policies insure only the physical damage portion of insurance

for such vehicles, with no liability coverage included. These policies accounted for 9.9% of our gross written premiums for the year ended December 31, 2015.

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Other  - We write canine legal liability policies and also have a small participation in mandatory state joint underwriting associations. This subset of our business accounted for 0.3% of our gross

written premiums for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Our Competitive Strengths

History of Growing Our Profitable Operations

Our  insurance  company  subsidiary,  KICO,  has  been  in  operation  in  the  State  of  New  York  for  129  years.  We  have  consistently  increased  the  volume  of  profitable  business  that  we  write  by
introducing new insurance products, increasing the volume of business that we write with our selected producers and developing new producer relationships. KICO has earned an underwriting profit in each
of the past ten years, including in 2012 when our financial results were adversely impacted by Superstorm Sandy. The extensive heritage of our insurance company subsidiary and our commitment to the
New York market is a competitive advantage with producers and policyholders.

Strong Producer Relationships

Within our selected producers’ offices, we compete with other property and casualty insurance carriers available to those producers. We carefully select the producers that distribute our insurance
policies and continuously monitor and evaluate their performance. We believe our insurance producers value their relationships with us because we provide excellent, consistent personal service coupled
with competitive rates and commission levels. We have consistently been rated by insurance producers as above average in the important areas of underwriting, claims handling and service. In the last three
performance surveys conducted by the Professional Insurance Agents of New York and New Jersey (“PIA”) of its membership (2010, 2012, and 2014), KICO was rated as the one of the top performing
insurance companies in New York, twice ranking as the top rated carrier among all those surveyed.

We offer our selected producers the ability to write a wide array of personal lines and commercial lines policies, including some which are unique to us. Many of our producers write multiple lines of
business with us, which provides an advantage over those competitors who are focused on a single product line. We now provide a multi-policy discount on homeowners policies in order to attract and retain
more of this multi-line business. We have had a consistent presence in the New York market for over 100 years and we believe that producers value the longevity of our relationship with them. We believe
that the excellent service we provide to our selected producers, our broad product offering, and our consistent market presence provides a foundation for profitable growth.

Sophisticated Underwriting and Risk Management Practices

We believe that we have a significant underwriting advantage due to our local market presence and expertise. Our underwriting process evaluates and screens out certain risks based on property
reports, individual insurance scoring, information collected from physical property inspections, and driving records. We maintain certain policy exclusions that reduce our exposure to risks that can create
severe losses. We target a more preferred risk profile in order to reduce adverse selection from risks seeking the lowest premiums by selecting only minimal coverage levels.

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Our underwriting procedures, premium rates and policy terms support the underwriting profitability of our personal lines policies. We apply premium surcharges for certain coastal properties and
maintain  deductibles  for  hurricane-prone  exposures  in  order  to  provide  an  appropriate  premium  rate  for  the  risk  of  loss.  We  limit  the  business  that  we  write  in  certain  coastal  counties  and  within  close
proximity to coastlines, through the use of individual catastrophe risk scoring, in order to manage our exposure to catastrophic weather events.

Our underwriting expertise and risk management practices enable us to profitably write personal and commercial lines business in our markets without the need for frequent rate adjustments. We

believe that the consistency and the reliable availability of our insurance products is important to our selected producer relationships.

Effective Utilization of Reinsurance

Our reinsurance treaties allow us to limit our exposure to the financial impact of catastrophe losses and to reduce our net liability on individual risks. Our reinsurance program is structured to enable

us to grow our premium volume while maintaining regulatory capital and other financial ratios generally within or below the expected ranges used for regulatory oversight purposes.

Our reinsurance program also provides income as a result of ceding commissions earned pursuant to the quota share reinsurance contracts. The income we earn from ceding commissions typically
exceeds our fixed operating costs, which consist of other underwriting expenses. Quota share reinsurance treaties transfer a portion of the profit (or loss) associated with the subject insurance policies to the
reinsurers. We believe that a prudent reduction in our reliance on quota share reinsurance in the future could increase our overall net underwriting profits.

Experienced Management Team

Our management team has significant expertise in underwriting, agency management, claims management and insurance regulatory matters. Barry Goldstein, our Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer, has extensive experience in the insurance industry and managing public companies. He has served in his current capacity since 2001 and previously served as president of an insurance agency in
Pennsylvania. John Reiersen, Executive Vice President of KICO, has over 50 years of industry and regulatory experience and previously served as Chief Examiner in the Property and Casualty Insurance
Bureau of the New York State Insurance Department, now known as the New York State Department of Financial Services. Benjamin Walden, Senior Vice President and Chief Actuary of KICO, has 26
years of experience with both large and small insurance carriers and has also worked for actuarial consulting firms.  Throughout his career, he has specialized in many of the markets that are a primary focus
for KICO.  Our underwriting and claims managers have extensive experience in the insurance industry with an average of 33 years of experience, including over 6 years with KICO on average.

Scalable, Low-Cost Operations

 We focus on keeping expenses low, but invest in tools and processes that improve the efficiency and effectiveness of underwriting risks and processing claims.  We evaluate the costs and benefits
of each new tool or process in order to achieve optimal results.  While the majority of our policies are written for risks in downstate New York, our Kingston, New York location provides a significantly lower
cost operating environment. We also take a proactive approach to settling outstanding claims rather than engaging in protracted litigation, which results in substantially lower loss adjustment expenses and
reduced reserve uncertainty.

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We have made investments to develop online application and quoting systems for many of our personal lines and commercial products. This has resulted in increased business submissions from our
producers due to the greater ease of placing business with us. We plan to expand these online capabilities to all lines of business. We have also leveraged a paperless workflow management and document
storage tool in order to further improve efficiency and reduce costs.  Our ability to control the growth of our operating and other expenses while growing revenue at a higher rate is a key component of our
business model and is important to our future financial success.

Underwriting and Claims Management Philosophy

Our underwriting philosophy is to target niche risk segments for which we have detailed expertise and can take advantage of market conditions.  We monitor results on a regular basis and all of our

selected producers are reviewed by management on a quarterly basis.  We utilize certain targeted policy exclusions to reduce our exposure to risks that can create severe losses.

We believe that our rates are competitive with other carriers’ rates in our markets.  We believe that consistency and the reliable availability of our insurance products is important to our producers. 
We do not seek to grow by competing based solely upon price.  We seek to develop long-term relationships with our selected producers who understand and appreciate the consistent path we have chosen. 
We carefully underwrite all of our business utilizing the CLUE industry claims database, insurance scoring reports, physical inspection of risks and other individual risk underwriting tools. In the event that a
material misrepresentation is discovered in the underwriting application, the policy is voided. If a material misrepresentation is discovered after a claim is presented, we deny the claim. We write homeowners
and dwelling fire business in New York City and Long Island and are cognizant of our exposure to hurricanes. We have mitigated this risk through application of mandatory hurricane deductibles in these
areas. Our claim and underwriting expertise enables us to profitably write personal lines business in all areas of New York City and Long Island.

Distribution

We generate business through our relationships with over 350 independent producers. We carefully select our producers by evaluating several factors such as their need for our products, premium
production potential, loss history with other insurance companies that they represent, product and market knowledge, and the size of the agency. We only distribute through independent agents and have
never sought to distribute our products direct to the consumer.  We will not appoint any agency owned or controlled by another carrier which distributes its products direct to the consumer.  We monitor and
evaluate the performance of our producers through periodic reviews of volume, profitability, and quality of business. Our senior executives are actively involved in managing our producer relationships.

Each  producer  is  assigned  an  underwriter  and  the  producer  can  call  that  underwriter  directly  on  any  matter.  We  believe  that  the  close  relationship  with  their  underwriter  is  the  principal  reason
producers place their business with us. Our online application and quoting systems have streamlined the process of placing business with KICO.  Our producers have access to a website portal that contains
all of our applications, quoting screens, policy forms and underwriting guidelines for all lines of business.  We send out frequent electronic “Producer Grams” in order to inform our producers of updates at
KICO. In addition, we have an active Producer Council and have at least one annual meeting with all of our producers.

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Competition; Market

The insurance industry is highly competitive. We constantly assess and project the market conditions and prices for our products, but we cannot fully know our profitability until all claims have been

reported and settled.

Our policyholders are located primarily in New York State. Our market primarily consists of New York City, Long Island and Westchester County, which we collectively define as Downstate New

York. We are also licensed to write insurance in Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Texas, and are in the process of obtaining a license in one other state.

New York State is the fourth largest property and casualty insurance market in the U.S. and the fourth largest state in the United States with respect to homeowners and dwelling fire insurance direct
premiums written. In 2015, we were the 19th largest writer of homeowners and dwelling fire insurance in the State of New York, according to data compiled by SNL Financial. Based on this same data, we
now  have  a  0.9%  market  share  for  this  combined  group  of  personal  lines  property  business.  We  compete  with  large  national  carriers  as  well  as  regional  and  local  carriers  in  the  property  and  casualty
marketplace in New York. We believe that many national and regional carriers have chosen to limit their rate of premium growth or to decrease their presence in the Downstate New York property insurance
market due to the high catastrophe risk that exists in the region. Given present market conditions, we believe that we have the opportunity to significantly expand the size of our business in the State of New
York, as well as in the other states where we recently became licensed.

Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves

We are required to establish reserves for incurred losses that are unpaid, including reserves for claims and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”), which represent the expenses of settling and adjusting
those claims. These reserves are balance sheet liabilities representing estimates of future amounts required to pay losses and loss expenses for claims that have occurred at or before the balance sheet
date, whether already known to us or not yet reported. We establish these reserves after considering all information known to us as of the date they are recorded.

Loss  reserves  fall  into  two  categories:  case  reserves  for  reported  losses  and  loss  expenses  associated  with  a  specific  reported  insured  claim,  and  reserves  for  losses  incurred  but  not  reported

(“IBNR”) and LAE. We establish these two categories of loss reserves as follows:

Reserves for reported losses - When a claim is received, we establish a case reserve for the estimated amount of its ultimate settlement and its estimated loss expenses. We establish case reserves
based upon the known facts about each claim at the time the claim is reported and may subsequently increase or reduce the case reserves as our claims department deems necessary based upon the
development of additional facts about claims.

IBNR reserves - We also estimate and establish reserves for loss and LAE amounts incurred but not yet reported. IBNR reserves are calculated as ultimate losses and LAE less reported losses and

LAE. Ultimate losses are projected by using generally accepted actuarial techniques.

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The liability for loss and LAE represents our best estimate of the ultimate cost of all reported and unreported losses that are unpaid as of the balance sheet date. The liability for loss and LAE is
estimated on an undiscounted basis, using individual case-basis valuations, statistical analyses and various actuarial procedures. The projection of future claim payment and reporting is based on an analysis
of our historical experience, supplemented by analyses of industry loss data. We believe that the reserves for loss and LAE are adequate to cover the ultimate cost of losses and claims to date; however,
because of the uncertainty from various sources, including changes in reporting patterns, claims settlement patterns, judicial decisions, legislation, and economic conditions, actual loss experience may not
conform to the assumptions used in determining the estimated amounts for such liability at the balance sheet date. As adjustments to these estimates become necessary, such adjustments are reflected in
expense for the period in which the estimates are changed. Because of the nature of the business historically written, we believe that we have limited exposure to asbestos and environmental claim liabilities.
We recognize recoveries from salvage and subrogation when received.

We engage an independent external actuarial specialist to opine on our recorded statutory reserves. Our actuary estimates a range of ultimate losses, along with a range and recommended central

estimate of IBNR reserve amounts.

Reconciliation of Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses

The table below shows the reconciliation of loss and LAE on a gross and net basis, reflecting changes in losses incurred and paid losses:

 Balance at beginning of period
 Less reinsurance recoverables
 Net balance, beginning of period

 Incurred related to:
 Current year
 Prior years
 Total incurred

 Paid related to:
 Current year
 Prior years
 Total paid

 Net balance at end of period
 Add reinsurance recoverables
 Balance at end of period

Years ended
December 31,

2015

2014

)

)

$

$

39,912,683
(18,249,526
21,663,157

23,642,998
(462,998
23,180,000

13,172,870
8,500,151
21,673,021

23,170,136
16,706,364
39,876,500

$

$

34,503,229
(17,363,975
17,139,254

)

15,268,426
1,763,762
17,032,188

6,351,920
6,156,365
12,508,285

21,663,157
18,249,526
39,912,683

Our claims reserving practices are designed to set reserves that, in the aggregate, are adequate to pay all claims at their ultimate settlement value.

Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses Development

The  table  below  shows  the  net  loss  development  for  business  written  each  year  from  2005  through  2015.  The  table  reflects  the  changes  in  our  loss  and  loss  adjustment  expense  reserves  in

subsequent years from the prior loss estimates based on experience as of the end of each succeeding year.

11

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The next section of the table sets forth the re-estimates in later years of incurred losses, including payments for the years indicated. The next section of the table shows by year, the cumulative
amounts  of  loss  and  loss  adjustment  expense  payments,  net  of  amounts  recoverable  from  reinsurers,  as  of  the  end  of  each  succeeding  year.  For  example,  with  respect  to  the  net  loss  reserves  of
$4,370,000 as of December 31, 2006, by December 31, 2008 (two years later), $3,303,000 had actually been paid in settlement of the claims that relate to liabilities as of December 31, 2006.

The “cumulative redundancy (deficiency)” represents, as of December 31, 2015, the difference between the latest re-estimated liability and the amounts as originally estimated. A redundancy means

that the original estimate was higher than the current estimate. A deficiency means that the current estimate is higher than the original estimate.

12

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands of $)
Reserve for loss and
loss adjustment
expenses, net of
reinsurance
recoverables
Net reserve estimated
as of One year later
Two years later
Three years later
Four years later
Five years later
Six years later
Seven years later
Eight years later
Nine years later
Ten years later
Net cumulative
redundancy (deficiency)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

3,074 

3,627 
4,315 
5,101 
5,094 
5,540 
5,616 
5,678 
6,140 
6,560 
6,399 

4,370 

4,799 

5,823 

6,001 

7,280 

8,520 

12,065 

17,139 

21,663 

23,170 

4,844 
5,591 
5,792 
6,260 
6,343 
6,429 
6,886 
7,318 
7,160 

5,430 
5,867 
6,433 
6,569 
6,683 
7,245 
7,721 
7,568 

6,119 
6,609 
6,729 
6,711 
7,261 
7,727 
7,554 

6,235 
6,393 
6,486 
7,182 
7,766 
7,602 

7,483 
8,289 
9,170 
10,128 
9,925 

9,261 
11,022 
12,968 
12,552 

13,886 
16,875 
16,624 

18,903 
18,332 

21,200 

(3,325)

(2,790)

(2,769)

(1,731)

(1,601)

(2,645)

(4,032)

(4,559)

(1,193)

463 

(in thousands of $)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Cumulative amount of
reserve paid, net of
reinsurance recoverable
through
One year later
Two years later
Three years later
Four years later
Five years later
Six years later
Seven years later
Eight years later
Nine years later
Ten years later

Net reserve -
December 31,
* Reinsurance
Recoverable
* Gross reserves -
  December 31,

Net re-estimated reserve   
Re-estimated
reinsurance recoverable   
Gross re-estimated
reserve

Gross cumulative
redundancy (deficiency)

1,106 
2,321 
3,321 
3,705 
3,988 
4,484 
4,595 
4,880 
5,246 
5,654 

3,074 

7,283 

2,018 
3,303 
4,036 
4,471 
5,079 
5,305 
5,594 
5,966 
6,377 

1,855 
3,339 
4,339 
5,146 
5,424 
5,738 
6,247 
6,740 

2,533 
3,974 
5,054 
5,373 
5,717 
6,224 
6,718 

2,307 
3,992 
4,659 
5,238 
5,997 
6,562 

3,201 
4,947 
6,199 
7,737 
8,585 

3,237 
5,661 
8,221 
10,100 

4,804 
8,833 
11,873 

6,156 
10,629 

8,500 

4,370 

4,799 

5,823 

6,001 

7,280 

8,520 

12,065 

17,139 

21,663 

23,170 

6,523 

6,693 

9,766 

10,512 

10,432 

9,960 

18,420 

17,364 

18,250 

16,707 

10,357 

10,893 

11,492 

15,589 

16,513 

17,712 

18,480 

30,485 

34,503 

39,913 

39,877 

6,399 

7,160 

7,568 

7,554 

7,602 

9,925 

12,552 

16,624 

18,332 

21,200 

11,137 

11,312 

11,254 

12,954 

12,920 

13,621 

14,150 

27,750 

19,779 

18,742 

17,536 

18,472 

18,822 

20,508 

20,522 

23,546 

26,702 

44,374 

38,111 

39,942 

(7,179)

(7,579)

(7,330)

(4,919)

(4,009)

(5,834)

(8,222)

(13,889)

(3,608)

(29)  

13

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
         
 
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations –  Factors That May Affect Future Results and Financial Condition” in Item 7 of this Annual Report.

Reinsurance

We  purchase  reinsurance  to  reduce  our  net  liability  on  individual  risks,  to  protect  against  possible  catastrophes,  to  achieve  a  target  ratio  of  net  premiums  written  to  policyholders’  surplus  and  to
expand  our  underwriting  capacity.  Our  reinsurance  program  is  structured  to  reflect  our  obligations  and  goals.  Reinsurance  via  quota  share  allows  for  a  carrier  to  write  business  without  increasing  its
underwriting leverage above a management determined ratio. The business written under a reinsurance quota share obligates a reinsurer to assume the risks involved, and gives the reinsurer the profit (or
loss) associated with such.  We have determined it to be in the best interests of our shareholders to prudently reduce our reliance on quota share reinsurance.  This will result in higher earned premiums and
a reduction in ceding commission revenue in future years. Our participation in reinsurance arrangements does not relieve us from our obligations to policyholders.

Our quota share reinsurance treaties in effect for the year ended December 31, 2015 for our personal lines business, which primarily consists of homeowners’ policies, were covered under the July
1,  2014/June  30,  2015  treaty  year  (“2014/2015  Treaty”)  and  July  1,  2015/June  30,  2016  treaty  year  (“2015/2016  Treaty”).  The  expired  2014/2015  Treaty  was  at  a  55%  quota  share  percentage  and  the
current 2015/2016 Treaty is at a 40% quota share percentage. Our maximum net retention under the quota share and excess of loss treaties for any one personal lines policy for dates of loss after July 1,
2015 is $450,000.

We did not renew our expiring 25% commercial lines quota share reinsurance treaty on July 1, 2014.  Excess of loss contracts provide coverage for individual commercial lines losses. Our maximum
net  retention  under  excess  of  loss  treaties  for  any  one  commercial  general  liability  policy  for  dates  of  loss  after  July  1,  2015  is  $425,000.  Commercial  auto  policies  are  covered  by  an  excess  of  loss
reinsurance contract that provides coverage for individual losses in excess of $300,000.

We earn ceding commission revenue under the quota share reinsurance treaties based on a  provisional commission rate on all premiums ceded to the reinsurers as adjusted by a sliding scale
based on the ultimate treaty year loss ratios on the policies reinsured under each agreement. The sliding scale provides minimum and maximum ceding commission rates in relation to specified ultimate loss
ratios. Under the 2015/2016 Treaty, we are receiving a higher upfront fixed provisional rate in exchange for a less favorable sliding scale contingent rate. Under this arrangement, we earn more provisional
ceding commissions, while contingent ceding commissions are reduced due the less favorable sliding scale rate.

The 2015/2016 Treaty is on a “net” of catastrophe reinsurance basis, as opposed to the “gross” arrangement that existed in prior treaties. Under a “net” arrangement, all catastrophe reinsurance
coverage is now purchased directly by us. Since we pay for all of the catastrophe coverage, none of the losses covered under a catastrophic event will be included in the quota share, drastically reducing the
adverse impact that a catastrophic event can have on ceding commissions.

In 2015, we purchased catastrophe reinsurance to provide coverage of up to $180 million for losses associated with a single event. One of the most commonly used catastrophe forecasting models
prepared for us indicates that the catastrophe reinsurance treaties provide coverage in excess of our estimated probable maximum loss associated with a single one-in-200 year storm event. Losses on
personal lines policies are subject to the 40% quota share treaty, which results in a net retention by us of $2.4 million of exposure per catastrophe occurrence. Our catastrophe reinsurance also covers losses
caused  by  severe  winter  weather  during  any  consecutive  28  day  period.  Catastrophe  coverage  is  limited  on  an  annual  basis  to  two  times  the  per  occurrence  amounts.  Effective  July  1,  2015,  we  have
reinstatement premium protection on the first $16,000,000 layer of catastrophe coverage in excess of $4,000,000.

14

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments

Our investment portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents, and short term investments, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, is summarized in the table below by type of investment.

 Category

 Cash and cash equivalents

 Held to maturity

 U.S. Treasury securities and
 obligations of U.S. government
 corporations and agencies

 Political subdivisions of states,
 territories and possessions

 Available for sale

 Corporate and other bonds
 Industrial and miscellaneous

 Political subdivisions of states,
 territories and possessions

 Corporate and other bonds
 Industrial and miscellaneous

 Residential backed mortgage securities

 Preferred stocks

 Common stocks
 Total

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Carrying

Value

% of

Portfolio

Carrying

Value

% of

Portfolio

 $

13,551,372 

15.0%  $

9,906,878 

13.4%

606,389 

0.7%   

606,353 

1,417,679 

1.6%   

1,413,303 

3,114,804 

3.4%   

3,109,079 

12,555,098 

13.9%   

14,244,438 

44,956,468 

49.7%   

36,876,421 

4,990,498 

2,915,650 

5.5%   

- 

3.2%   

3,126,280 

 $

6,288,620 
90,396,578 

7.0%   
100.0%  $

4,891,449 
74,174,201 

0.8%

1.9%

4.2%

19.2%

49.7%

0.0%

4.2%

6.6%
100.0%

15

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
The table below summarizes the credit quality of our fixed-maturity securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 as rated by Standard and Poor’s (or if unavailable from Standard and
Poor's, then Moody’s or Fitch):

Rating
Corporate and municipal bonds

AAA
AA
A
BBB

Total corporate and municipal bonds

Residential mortgage backed securities

A
CCC
CC
D

Total residential mortgage backed securities

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Fair Market

Value

Percentage of
Fair Market

Value

Fair Market

Value

Percentage of
Fair Market

Value

 $

2,218,147 
9,060,781 
10,639,888 
35,592,750 
57,511,566 

216,077 
457,889 
402,558 
3,913,974 
4,990,498 

3.5%  $
14.5%   
17.0%   
57.1%   
92.1%   

0.3%   
0.7%   
0.6%   
6.3%   
7.9%   

2,779,539 
9,826,545 
13,954,036 
24,560,739 
51,120,859 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

5.5%
19.2%
27.3%
48.0%
100.0%

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

Total

 $

62,502,064 

100.0%  $

51,120,859 

100.0%

Additional financial information regarding our investments is presented under the subheading “Investments” in Item 7 of this Annual Report.

Ratings

Many insurance buyers, agents and brokers use the ratings assigned by A.M. Best and other agencies to assist them in assessing the financial strength and overall quality of the companies from
which they are considering purchasing insurance.  In 2009, KICO applied for its initial A.M. Best rating, and was assigned a letter rating of “B” (Fair) by A.M. Best in 2010. Our rating was upgraded to B+
(Good) in 2011 and B++ (Good) in 2015. KICO is beginning the process of undergoing its annual review from A.M. Best, which may result in a change to its rating. A.M. Best ratings are derived from an in-
depth evaluation of an insurance company’s balance sheet strengths, operating performances and business profiles. A.M. Best evaluates, among other factors, the company’s capitalization, underwriting
leverage,  financial  leverage,  asset  leverage,  capital  structure,  quality  and  appropriateness  of  reinsurance,  adequacy  of  reserves,  quality  and  diversification  of  assets,  liquidity,  profitability,  spread  of  risk,
revenue composition, market position, management, market risk and event risk. A.M. Best ratings are intended to provide an independent opinion of an insurer’s ability to meet its obligations to policyholders
and are not an evaluation directed at investors. An A.M. Best rating of A- or better could create additional demand from producers in markets requiring a carrier to have that level of rating from A.M. Best. We
currently have a Demotech rating of A (Excellent) which generally qualifies our policies as eligible by most banks and finance companies.

Severe Winter Weather

Our predominant market, downstate New York, suffered severe weather during the winters of 2015 and 2014. We include severe winter weather in our definition of catastrophe. The catastrophe
component of 2015 and 2014 severe winters was determined by the number of claims in excess of our threshold of average claims from severe winter weather. These claims were primarily from losses due
to frozen pipes, weight of snow and ice, and other water related structural damage as a result of excess snow and below normal temperatures for an extended period of time. The effects of severe winter
weather increased our net loss ratio by 4.3 percentage points in 2015 and 2.9 percentage points in 2014.

16

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The computation to determine contingent ceding commission revenue includes direct catastrophe losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred from severe winter weather. Such losses increased
our ceded loss ratio in our July 1, 2014/June 30, 2015 personal lines quota share treaties which reduced our contingent ceding commission revenue by $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.
The  effects  of  severe  winter  weather  increased  our  net  underwriting  expense  ratio  by  2.7  percentage  points  in  2015.  The  effects  of  severe  winter  weather  increased  our  ceded  loss  ratio  in  our  July  1,
2013/June  30,  2014  personal  lines  quota  share  treaties  which  reduced  our  contingent  ceding  commission  revenue  by  $0.5  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014.  The  effects  of  severe  winter
weather increased our net underwriting expense ratio by 1.6 percentage points in 2014.

Premium Financing

Customers  who  purchase  insurance  policies  are  often  unable  to  pay  the  premium  in  a  lump  sum  or  are  unable  to  afford  the  payment  plan  offered  and,  therefore,  require  extended  payment
terms.  Premium finance involves making a loan to the customer that is secured by the unearned portion of the insurance premiums being financed and held by the insurance carrier.  Our wholly owned
subsidiary, Payments Inc. (“Payments”), is licensed as a premium finance agency in the state of New York.

Prior to February 1, 2008, Payments Inc. provided premium financing in connection with the obtaining of insurance policies.  Effective February 1, 2008, Payments Inc. sold its outstanding premium
finance loan portfolio.  The purchaser of the portfolio (the “Purchaser”) agreed that, during the five year period ended February 1, 2013 (which period was extended to February 1, 2015), it would purchase,
assume and service all eligible premium finance contracts originated by Payments in the state of New York (the “Agreement”). In connection with such purchases, Payments was entitled to receive a fee
generally equal to a percentage of the amount financed. On July 17, 2014, the Purchaser terminated the Agreement effective February 1, 2015. Following any expiration or termination of the obligation of
the Purchaser to purchase premium finance contracts, Payments was entitled to receive the fees for an additional two years (“Termination Period”) with regard to contracts for policies from our producers. On
March 26, 2015, we and the Purchaser agreed to amend the Termination Period to end as of March 31, 2015 (“Termination Date”). We received a one-time payment of $350,000 in exchange for the fees
that  we  would  have  received  during  the  Termination  Period.  In  connection  with  such  agreement,  we  agreed  to  several  restrictive  covenants,  including  that,  for  a  period  of  eighteen  months  following  the
Termination Date, we would not engage in the premium financing business within New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Our premium financing business consisted of the placement fees that Payments
earned from placing contracts. Placement fees earned from placing contracts constituted approximately 0.1% and 0.5% of our revenues from operations during the years ended December 31, 2015 and
2014, respectively.

Government Regulation

Holding Company Regulation

We, as the parent of KICO, are subject to the insurance holding company laws of the state of New York. These laws generally require an insurance company to register with the New York State
Department of Financial Services (the “DFS”) and to furnish annually financial and other information about the operations of companies within our holding company system. Generally under these laws, all
material transactions among companies in the holding company system to which KICO is a party must be fair and reasonable and, if material or of a specified category, require prior notice and approval or
non-disapproval by the DFS.

17

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change of Control

The insurance holding company laws of the state of New York require approval by the DFS for any change of control of an insurer. “Control” is generally defined as the possession, direct or indirect,
of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the company, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. Control is generally presumed to
exist through the direct or indirect ownership of 10% or more of the voting securities of a domestic insurance company or any entity that controls a domestic insurance company.  Any future transactions that
would constitute a change of control of KICO, including a change of control of Kingstone Companies, Inc., would generally require the party acquiring control to obtain the approval of the DFS (and in any
other state in which KICO may operate).  Obtaining these approvals may result in the material delay of, or deter, any such transaction.  These laws may discourage potential acquisition proposals and may
delay, deter or prevent a change of control of Kingstone Companies, Inc., including through transactions, and in particular unsolicited transactions, that some or all of our stockholders might consider to be
desirable.

State Insurance Regulation

Insurance companies are subject to regulation and supervision by the department of insurance in the state in which they are domiciled and, to a lesser extent, other states in which they conduct
business. The primary purpose of such regulatory powers is to protect individual policyholders. State insurance authorities have broad regulatory, supervisory and administrative powers, including, among
other things, the power to grant and revoke licenses to transact business, set the standards of solvency to be met and maintained, determine the nature of, and limitations on, investments and dividends,
approve policy forms and rates in some instances and regulate unfair trade and claims practices.

KICO is required to file detailed financial statements and other reports with the insurance departments in the states in which KICO is licensed to transact business. These financial statements are

subject to periodic examination by the insurance departments.

In addition, many states have laws and regulations that limit an insurer’s ability to withdraw from a particular market. For example, states may limit an insurer’s ability to cancel or not renew policies.
Furthermore, certain states prohibit an insurer from withdrawing from one or more lines of business written in the state, except pursuant to a plan that is approved by the state insurance department. The
state insurance department may disapprove a plan that may lead to market disruption. Laws and regulations, including those in New York, that limit cancellation and non-renewal and that subject program
withdrawals to prior approval requirements may restrict the ability of KICO to exit unprofitable markets.

In the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, the DFS adopted various emergency regulations that affect insurance companies that operate in the state of New York.  Included among the regulations is

mandatory participation in non-binding mediation proceedings funded by the insurer.

18

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal and State Legislative and Regulatory Changes

From time to time, various regulatory and legislative changes have been proposed in the insurance industry. Among the proposals that have in the past been or at the present being considered are
the possible introduction of Federal regulation in addition to, or in lieu of, the current system of state regulation of insurers, and proposals in various state legislatures (some of which proposals have been
enacted) to conform portions of their insurance laws and regulations to various model acts adopted by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (the “NAIC”).

In December 2010, the NAIC adopted amendments to the Model Insurance Holding Company System Regulation Act and Regulation (the “Amended Model Act and Regulation”) to introduce the
concept of “enterprise risk” within an insurance company holding system. Enterprise risk is defined as any activity, circumstance, event or series of events involving one or more affiliates of an insurer that, if
not remedied promptly, is likely to have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition or the liquidity of the insurer or its insurance holding company system as a whole. If and when adopted by a
particular state, the Amended Model Act and Regulation would impose more extensive informational requirements on us in order to protect the licensed insurance companies from enterprise risk, including
requiring us to prepare an annual enterprise risk report that identifies the material risks within the insurance company holding system that could pose enterprise risk to the licensed insurer. In addition, the
Amended Model Act and Regulation requires any controlling person of a domestic insurer seeking to divest its controlling interest to file a notice of its proposed divestiture, which may be subject to approval
by the insurance commissioner.  The Amended Model Act and Regulation must be adopted by the individual states, and specifically states in which we are licensed, for the new requirements to apply to us.
The NAIC has made certain sections of the amendments part of its accreditation standards for state solvency regulation, which may motivate more states to adopt the amendments promptly. Additional
requirements are also expected. For example, the NAIC has adopted the Risk Management and Own Risk and Solvency Assessment (“ORSA”) Model Act, which, when adopted by the states, will require
insurers to perform a risk and solvency assessment and, upon request of a state, file an ORSA Summary Report with the state. The ORSA Summary Report will be required in 2015, subject to the various
dates of adoption by states, and will describe our process for assessing our own solvency.

In 2013, New York, where KICO is domiciled, adopted its version of the Amended Model Act and Regulation.  The statute requires a holding company that directly or indirectly controls an insurer to
adopt  a  formal  enterprise  risk  management  function  and  file  an  enterprise  risk  report  with  the  DFS  by  April  30  of  each  year  commencing  in  2014.    In  2014,  the  DFS  promulgated  the  implementing
regulations. The report must identify the material risks within the holding company system that could pose enterprise risk to the insurer.  In addition, any holding company seeking to divest its controlling
interest in a domestic insurer is required to file with the DFS a notice of its proposed divestiture at least thirty days prior to cessation of control. Also in 2014 the DFS also promulgated two amendments to its
holding company regulation affecting the transactions between the insurer and any person in the holding company system and requiring additional information in applications for control. In 2015, the DFS
indicated that it will initiate new targeted cybersecurity assessments for insurance companies.

On November 9, 2015, the DFS sent a letter to financial regulators outlining the parameters of the regulations.  While the letter primarily addresses banking institutions, it is expected the regulations

will also apply to insurance companies.

On July 21, 2010, the President signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) that established a Federal Insurance Office (the “FIO”)
within  the  U.S.  Department  of  the  Treasury.  The  FIO  is  initially  charged  with  monitoring  all  aspects  of  the  insurance  industry  (other  than  health  insurance,  certain  long-term  care  insurance  and  crop
insurance), gathering data, and conducting a study on methods to modernize and improve the insurance regulatory system in the United States. On December 12, 2013, the FIO issued a report (as required
under the Dodd-Frank Act) entitled “How to Modernize and Improve the System of Insurance Regulation in the United States” (the “Report”), which stated that, given the “uneven” progress the states have
made with several near-term state reforms, should the states fail to accomplish the necessary modernization reforms in the near term, “Congress should strongly consider direct federal involvement.” The
FIO continues to support the current state-based regulatory regime, but will consider federal regulation should the states fail to take steps to greater uniformity (e.g., federal licensing of insurers).

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State Insurance Department Examinations

As part of their regulatory oversight process, state insurance departments conduct periodic detailed examinations of the financial reporting of insurance companies domiciled in their states, generally

once every three to five years. Examinations are generally carried out in cooperation with the insurance departments of other states under guidelines promulgated by the NAIC.

Risk-Based Capital Regulations

State insurance departments impose risk-based capital (“RBC”) requirements on insurance enterprises. The RBC Model serves as a benchmark for the regulation of insurance companies by state
insurance regulators.  RBC provides for targeted surplus levels based on formulas, which specify various weighting factors that are applied to financial balances or various levels of activity based on the
perceived degree of risk, and are set forth in the RBC requirements. Such formulas focus on four general types of risk: (a) the risk with respect to the company’s assets (asset or default risk); (b) the risk of
default on amounts due from reinsurers, policyholders, or other creditors (credit risk); (c) the risk of underestimating liabilities from business already written or inadequately pricing business to be written in
the coming year (underwriting risk); and (d) the risk associated with items such as excessive premium growth, contingent liabilities, and other items not reflected on the balance sheet (off-balance sheet risk).
The amount determined under such formulas is called the authorized control level RBC (“ACLC”).

The RBC guidelines define specific capital levels based on a company’s ACLC that are determined by the ratio of the company’s total adjusted capital (“TAC”) to its ACLC. TAC is equal to statutory

capital, plus or minus certain other specified adjustments. KICO was in compliance with New York’s RBC requirements as of December 31, 2015.

Dividend Limitations

Our ability to receive dividends from KICO is restricted by the state laws and insurance regulations of New York. These restrictions are related to surplus and net investment income. Dividends are

restricted to the lesser of 10% of surplus or 100% of investment income (on a statutory accounting basis) for the trailing 36 months, less dividends paid during such period.

Insurance Regulatory Information System Ratios

The Insurance Regulatory Information System, or IRIS, was developed by the NAIC and is intended primarily to assist state insurance departments in executing their statutory mandates to oversee
the financial condition of insurance companies operating in their respective states. IRIS identifies thirteen industry ratios and specifies “usual values” for each ratio. Departure from the usual values on four or
more of the ratios can lead to inquiries from individual state insurance commissioners as to certain aspects of an insurer’s business.

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As of December 31, 2015, as a result of its growth and reduction of its quota share reinsurance percentages, KICO had two ratios outside the usual range due to an increase in net premiums written

and an estimated current reserve deficiency to surplus.

Accounting Principles

Statutory accounting principles (“SAP”) are a basis of accounting developed by the NAIC. They are used to prepare the statutory financial statements of insurance companies and to assist insurance
regulators in monitoring and regulating the solvency of insurance companies. SAP is primarily concerned with measuring an insurer’s surplus to policyholders. Accordingly, statutory accounting focuses on
valuing assets and liabilities of insurers at financial reporting dates in accordance with appropriate insurance law and regulatory provisions applicable in each insurer’s domiciliary state.

Generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) is concerned with a company’s solvency, but is also concerned with other financial measurements, principally income and cash flows. Accordingly,
GAAP gives more consideration to appropriate matching of revenue and expenses and accounting for management’s stewardship of assets than does SAP. As a direct result, different assets and liabilities
and different amounts of assets and liabilities will be reflected in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP as compared to SAP.

Statutory accounting practices established by the NAIC and adopted in part by the New York insurance regulators, determine, among other things, the amount of statutory surplus and statutory net

income of KICO and thus determine, in part, the amount of funds that are available to pay dividends to Kingstone Companies, Inc.

Legal Structure

We were incorporated in 1961 and assumed the name DCAP Group, Inc. in 1999. On July 1, 2009, we changed our name to Kingstone Companies, Inc.

Offices

Our principal executive offices are located at 15 Joys Lane, Kingston, New York 12401, and our telephone number is (845) 802-7900. Our insurance underwriting business is located principally at 15
Joys  Lane,  Kingston,  New  York  12401.  Our  insurance  underwriting  business  maintains  an  executive  office  located  at  70  East  Sunrise  Highway,  Valley  Stream,  New  York  11581.  Our  website  is
www.kingstonecompanies.com. Our internet website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.

Employees

As of December 31, 2015, we had 69 employees all of whom are located in New York. None of our employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We believe that our relationship with

our employees is good.

ITEM 1A.                      RISK FACTORS.

Not applicable.  See, however, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations –  Factors That May Affect Future Results and Financial Condition” in Item 7 of this
Annual Report.

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ITEM 1B.                      UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.                      PROPERTIES.

Our principal executive offices are currently located at 15 Joys Lane, Kingston, New York 12401.  Our insurance underwriting business is located principally at 15 Joys Lane, Kingston, New York

12401. Our insurance underwriting business also maintains an executive office located at 70 East Sunrise Highway, Valley Stream, New York 11581, at which we lease 3,250 square feet of space.

We own the building at which our insurance underwriting business principally operates, free of mortgage.

ITEM 3.                      LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

None.

ITEM 4.                      MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

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ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES .

PART II

Market Information

Our common stock is quoted on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “KINS.”

Set forth below are the high and low sales prices for our common stock for the periods indicated, as reported on The NASDAQ Capital Market.

2015 Calendar Year
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

2014 Calendar Year
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

Holders

  $

  $

High

Low

  $

8.22 
7.79 
9.47 
10.00 

High

Low

  $

7.90 
7.24 
8.24 
8.97 

7.50 
6.11 
7.50 
8.47 

6.66 
5.66 
6.53 
7.44 

As of March 8, 2016, there were approximately 299 record holders of our common stock.

Dividends

Holders of our common stock are entitled to dividends when and if declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available. During 2015, we paid quarterly dividends of $0.05 per share on
March 13, 2015, June 15, 2015 and September 14, 2015, and $.0625 per share on December 14, 2015.  During 2014, we paid quarterly dividends of $0.04 per share on March 14, 2014 and June 13, 2014,
and $.05 per share on September 15, 2014 and December 12, 2014.  Future dividend policy will be subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will be contingent upon future earnings, if any, our
financial  condition,  capital  requirements,  general  business  conditions,  and  other  factors.    Therefore,  we  can  give  no  assurance  that  future  dividends  of  any  kind  will  continue  to  be  paid  to  holders  of  our
common stock.

Our ability to pay dividends depends, in part, upon on the ability of KICO to pay dividends to us. KICO, as an insurance company, is subject to significant regulatory restrictions limiting its ability to
declare and pay dividends. See “Business – Government Regulation” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation – Liquidity” in Items 1 and 7, respectively,
of this Annual Report.

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We declared and paid dividends on our common stock as follows:

 Common stock dividends declared

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

2015

2014

 $

1,557,398 

 $

1,312,625 

 The following table set forth certain information with respect to purchases of common stock made by us or any “affiliated purchaser” during the quarter ended December 31, 2015:

Period

Total Number of
Shares Purchased

Average Price Paid per
Share

Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced Plans
or Programs

Maximum Number of
Shares that May Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs

10/1/15 – 10/31/15
11/1/15 – 11/30/15
12/1/15 – 12/31/15
Total

ITEM 6.  

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.

Not applicable.

- 
- 
8,181 
8,181 

  $
  $

- 
- 
9.04 
9.04 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS .

Overview

We  offer  property  and  casualty  insurance  products  to  small  businesses  and  individuals  in  New  York  State  through  our  subsidiary,  Kingstone  Insurance  Company  (“KICO”).  KICO’s  insureds  are

located primarily in downstate New York, consisting of New York City, Long Island and Westchester County. We are also licensed in the States of New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Texas.

We derive substantially all of our revenue from KICO, which includes revenues from earned premiums, ceding commissions from quota share reinsurance, net investment income generated from its
portfolio, and net realized gains and losses on investment securities.  All of KICO’s insurance policies are for a one year period. Earned premiums represent premiums received from insureds, which are
recognized  as  revenue  over  the  period  of  time  that  insurance  coverage  is  provided  (i.e.,  ratably  over  the  one  year  life  of  the  policy).  A  significant  period  of  time  normally  elapses  between  the  receipt  of
insurance premiums and the payment of insurance claims. During this time, KICO invests the premiums, earns investment income and generates net realized and unrealized investment gains and losses on
investments.

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Our expenses include the insurance underwriting expenses of KICO and other operating expenses. Insurance companies incur a significant amount of their total expenses from losses incurred by
policyholders, which are commonly referred to as claims. In settling these claims for losses, various loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) are incurred such as insurance adjusters’ fees and litigation expenses.
In  addition,  insurance  companies  incur  policy  acquisition  costs.  Policy  acquisition  costs  include  commissions  paid  to  producers,  premium  taxes,  and  other  expenses  related  to  the  underwriting  process,
including employees’ compensation and benefits.

Other operating expenses include our corporate expenses as a holding company. These expenses include legal and auditing fees, executive employment costs, and other costs directly associated

with being a public company.

Principal Revenue and Expense Items

Net premiums earned.  Net premiums earned is the earned portion of our written premiums, less that portion of premium that is ceded to third party reinsurers under reinsurance agreements. The
amount ceded under these reinsurance agreements is based on a contractual formula contained in the individual reinsurance agreement. Insurance premiums are earned on a pro rata basis over the term of
the policy. At the end of each reporting period, premiums written that are not earned are classified as unearned premiums and are earned in subsequent periods over the remaining term of the policy. Our
insurance policies have a term of one year. Accordingly, for a one-year policy written on July 1, 2014, we would earn half of the premiums in 2014 and the other half in 2015.

Ceding  commission  revenue.    Commissions  on  reinsurance  premiums  ceded  are  earned  in  a  manner  consistent  with  the  recognition  of  the  direct  acquisition  costs  of  the  underlying  insurance

policies, generally on a pro-rata basis over the terms of the policies reinsured.

Net investment income and net realized gains (losses) on investments .  We invest in cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, fixed-maturity and equity securities. Our net investment
income includes interest and dividends earned on our invested assets, less investment expenses. Net realized gains and losses on our investments are reported separately from our net investment income.
Net realized gains occur when our investment securities are sold for more than their costs or amortized costs, as applicable. Net realized losses occur when our investment securities are sold for less than
their costs or amortized costs, as applicable, or are written down as a result of other-than-temporary impairment. We classify equity securities as available-for-sale and our fixed-maturity securities as either
available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Net unrealized gains (losses) on those securities classified as available-for-sale are reported separately within accumulated other comprehensive income on our balance
sheet.

Other income.  We recognize installment fee income and fees charged to reinstate a policy after it has been cancelled for non-payment. Through March 31, 2015, we also recognized premium

finance fee income on loans financed by a third party finance company.

Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred .  Loss and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) incurred represent our largest expense item, and for any given reporting period, include estimates of
future claim payments, changes in those estimates from prior reporting periods and costs associated with investigating, defending and servicing claims. These expenses fluctuate based on the amount and
types of risks we insure. We record loss and LAE related to estimates of future claim payments based on case-by-case valuations, statistical analyses and actuarial procedures. We seek to establish all
reserves  at  the  most  likely  ultimate  liability  based  on  our  historical  claims  experience.  It  is  typical  for  certain  claims  to  take  several  years  to  settle  and  we  revise  our  estimates  as  we  receive  additional
information on such claims. Our ability to estimate loss and LAE accurately at the time of pricing our insurance policies is a critical factor affecting our profitability.

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Commission  expenses  and  other  underwriting  expenses .    Other  underwriting  expenses  include  policy  acquisition  costs  and  other  expenses  related  to  the  underwriting  of  policies.  Policy
acquisition costs represent the costs of originating new insurance policies that vary with, and are primarily related to, the production of insurance policies (principally commissions, premium taxes and certain
underwriting salaries). Policy acquisition costs are deferred and recognized as expense as the related premiums are earned. Other underwriting expenses represent general and administrative expenses of
our insurance business and are comprised of other costs associated with our insurance activities such as regulatory fees, telecommunication and technology costs, occupancy costs, employment costs, and
legal and auditing fees.

Other operating expenses .  Other operating expenses include the corporate expenses of our holding company, Kingstone Companies, Inc. These expenses include executive employment costs,

legal and auditing fees, and other costs directly associated with being a public company.

Stock-based compensation. Non-cash equity compensation includes the fair value of stock grants issued to our directors, officers and employees, and amortization of stock options issued to the

same.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization includes the amortization of intangibles related to the acquisition of KICO, depreciation of the real estate used in KICO’s operations,

as well as depreciation of capital expenditures for information technology projects, office equipment and furniture.

Income tax expense.  We incur federal income tax expense on our consolidated operations as well as state income tax expense for our non-insurance underwriting subsidiaries.

Product Lines

Our product lines include the following:

Personal lines: Our largest line of business is personal lines, consisting of homeowners, dwelling fire, 3-4 family dwelling package, cooperative and condominium, renters, equipment breakdown

and service line endorsements, and personal umbrella policies.

Commercial  liability:  We  offer  business  owners  policies,  which  consist  primarily  of  small  business  retail,  service,  and  office  risks  without  a  residential  exposure.  We  also  write  artisan’s  liability
policies for small independent contractors with seven or fewer employees.  In addition, we write special multi-peril policies for larger and more specialized business owners’ risks, including those with limited
residential exposures.

Commercial automobile: Until recently we provided liability and physical damage coverage for light vehicles owned by small contractors and artisans. However, due to the poor performance of this
line, effective October 1, 2014, we decided to no longer accept new commercial auto policies. In February 2015, we decided to no longer offer renewals to our existing commercial auto policies beginning
with those that expired on or after May 1, 2015.

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Livery  physical  damage:  We  write  for-hire  vehicle  physical  damage  only  policies  for  livery  and  car  service  vehicles  and  taxicabs.  These  policies  insure  only  the  physical  damage  portion  of

insurance for such vehicles, with no liability coverage included.

Other:  We write canine legal liability policies and also have a small participation in mandatory state joint underwriting associations.

Key Measures

We utilize the following key measures in analyzing the results of our insurance underwriting business:

Net loss ratio: The net loss ratio is a measure of the underwriting profitability of an insurance company’s business.  Expressed as a percentage, this is the ratio of net losses and loss adjustment

expenses (“LAE”) incurred to net premiums earned.

Net underwriting expense ratio:  The net underwriting expense ratio is a measure of an insurance company’s operational efficiency in administering its business. Expressed as a percentage, this is
the ratio of the sum of acquisition costs (the most significant being commissions paid to our producers) and other underwriting expenses less ceding commission revenue less other income to net premiums
earned.

Net  combined  ratio:    The  net  combined  ratio  is  a  measure  of  an  insurance  company’s  overall  underwriting  profit.  This  is  the  sum  of  the  net  loss  and  net  underwriting  expense  ratios.  If  the  net

combined ratio is at or above 100 percent, an insurance company cannot be profitable without investment income, and may not be profitable if investment income is insufficient.

Underwriting  income:  Underwriting  income  is  net  pre-tax  income  attributable  to  our  insurance  underwriting  business  before  investment  activity.  It  excludes  net  investment  income,  net  realized
gains from investments, and depreciation and amortization (net premiums earned less expenses included in combined ratio). Underwriting income is a measure of an insurance company’s overall operating
profitability before items such as investment income, depreciation and amortization, interest expense and income taxes.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Kingstone Companies, Inc. and all majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries. The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires our management to make estimates and assumptions in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported in our consolidated
financial statements and related notes. In preparing these financial statements, our management has utilized information available including our past history, industry standards and the current economic
environment, among other factors, in forming its estimates and judgments of certain amounts included in the consolidated financial statements, giving due consideration to materiality. It is possible that the
ultimate outcome as anticipated by our management in formulating its estimates inherent in these financial statements might not materialize. However, application of the critical accounting policies involves
the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. In addition, other companies may utilize different estimates, which
may impact comparability of our results of operations to those of companies in similar businesses.

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We believe that the most critical accounting policies relate to the reporting of reserves for loss and LAE, including losses that have occurred but have not been reported prior to the reporting date,
amounts recoverable from third party reinsurers, deferred ceding commission revenue, deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred income taxes, the impairment of investment securities, intangible assets and
the valuation of stock-based compensation. See Note 2 (Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements following Item 15 of this Annual Report.

Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the changes in the results of our operations for the periods indicated:

($ in thousands)
 Revenues

 Direct written premiums
 Assumed written premiums

 Ceded written premiums

 Ceded to quota share treaties in force during the period

 Return of premiums previously ceded to prior quota share treaties
 Ceded to quota share treaties
 Ceded to excess of loss treaties
 Ceded to catastrophe treaties
 Catastrophe reinstatement (1)

 $

2015

2014

Change

Percent

Year ended December 31,

 $

91,004 
41 
91,045 

28,701 
(5,866)
22,835 
1,277 
6,548 
- 
30,660 

60,385 
(11,773)
48,612 

12,754 
(1,281)
11,473 
2,564 
(50)
1,577 
64,176 

32,962 
4,646 
37,608 

11,873 
2,555 
14,428 

21,089 
2,091 
23,180 

15,317 
12,833 
1,504 
1,032 
53,867 

10,309 
3,349 

 $

76,255 
49 
76,304 

35,887 
(6,597)
29,290 
1,039 
2,611 
70 
33,010 

43,294 
(10,666)
32,628 

14,427 
(517)
13,910 
1,800 
707 
1,006 
50,051 

28,146 
3,764 
31,910 

12,055 
2,823 
14,878 

16,091 
941 
17,032 

12,125 
10,656 
1,487 
875 
42,176 

7,875 
2,547 

14,749 
(8)
14,741 

(7,186)
731 
(6,455)
238 
3,937 
(70)
(2,350)

17,091 
(1,107)
15,984 

(1,673)
(764)
(2,437)
764 
(757)
571 
14,125 

4,816 
882 
5,698 

(182)
(268)
(450)

4,998 
1,150 
6,148 

3,192 
2,177 
17 
157 
11,691 

2,434 
802 

1,632 

19.3%
(16.3)%
19.3%

(20.0)%
(11.1)%
(22.0)%
22.9%
150.8%
(100.0)%
(7.1)%

39.5%
10.4%
49.0%

(11.6)%
147.8%
(17.5)%
42.4%
(107.1)%
56.8%
28.2%

17.1%
23.4%
17.9%

(1.5)%
(9.5)%
(3.0)%

31.1%
122.2%
36.1%

26.3%
20.4%
1.1%
17.9%
27.7%

30.9%
31.5%

30.6%

 $

6,960 

 $

5,328 

 $

28

 Total ceded written premiums

 Net written premiums
 Change in net unearned premiums
 Net premiums earned

 Ceding commission revenue

 Excluding the effect of catastrophes
 Effect of catastrophes (1)

 Total ceding commission revenue
 Net investment income
 Net realized gain (loss) on investments
 Other income

 Total revenues

 Expenses

 Loss and loss adjustment expenses

 Direct and assumed:
 Loss and loss adjustment expenses excluding the effect of catastrophes
 Losses from catastrophes (1)
 Total direct and assumed loss and loss adjustment expenses

 Ceded loss and loss adjustment expenses:
 Loss and loss adjustment expenses excluding the effect of catastrophes
 Losses from catastrophes (1)
 Total ceded loss and loss adjustment expenses

 Net loss and loss adjustment expenses:
 Loss and loss adjustment expenses excluding the effect of catastrophes
 Losses from catastrophes (1)
 Net loss and loss adjustment expenses

 Commission expense
 Other underwriting expenses
 Other operating expenses
 Depreciation and amortization

 Total expenses

 Income from operations before taxes
 Provision for income tax

 Net income

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
(1) For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, includes the effects of severe winter weather (which we define as a catastrophe).  The year ended December 31, 2014 also includes catastrophe
reinstatement  premiums  resulting  from  Superstorm  Sandy,  which  occurred  on  October  29,  2012.  We  define  a  “catastrophe”  as  an  event  or  series  of  related  events  that  involve  multiple  first  party
policyholders,  or  an  event  or  series  of  events  that  produce  a  number  of  claims  in  excess  of  a  preset,  per-event  threshold  of  average  claims  in  a  specific  area,  occurring  within  a  certain  amount  of  time
constituting the event or series of events.  Catastrophes are caused by various natural events including high winds, excessive rain, winter storms, severe winter weather, tornadoes, hailstorms, wildfires,
tropical storms, and hurricanes.

 Key ratios:

 Net loss ratio
 Net underwriting expense ratio
 Net combined ratio

Direct Written Premiums

2015

2014

Point Change

Percent Change

Year ended December 31,

47.7%   
32.3%   
80.0%   

52.2%   
24.9%   
77.1%   

-4.5%   
7.4%   
2.9%   

(8.6)%
29.7%
3.8%

Direct  written  premiums  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015  (“2015”)  were  $91,004,000  compared  to  $76,255,000  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  (“2014”).  The  increase  of
$14,749,000, or 19.3%, was primarily due to an increase in policies in-force during 2015 as compared to 2014. We wrote more new policies as a result of continued demand for our products in the markets
that we serve. Policies in-force increased by 17.9% as of December 31, 2015 compared to December 31, 2014.

Our growth rate in direct premiums written was dampened somewhat due to the cessation, effective October 1, 2014, of the writing of new policies in our commercial auto line of business due to a

history of poor underwriting results. In February 2015, we made the decision to no longer offer renewals on our existing commercial auto policies beginning with those that expire on or after May 1, 2015.

Our direct written premiums in our other lines of business grew by 23.9% in 2015 compared to 2014. Policies-in-force in our other lines of business increased by 19.5% as of December 31, 2015

compared to December 31, 2014.

Net Written Premiums and Net Premiums Earned

The following table describes the quota share reinsurance ceding rates in effect during 2015 and 2014. For purposes of the discussion herein, the change in quota share ceding rates on July 1 of
each year will be referred to as “the Cut-off”. This table should be referred to in conjunction with the discussions for net written premiums, net premiums earned, ceding commission revenue and net loss and
loss adjustment expenses that follow.

 Quota share reinsurance rates

 Personal lines
 Commercial lines

Year ended December 31, 2015

Year ended December 31, 2014

January 1,
to
June 30,

July 1,
to
December 31,

January 1,
to
June 30,

July 1,
to
December 31,

("2014/2015 Treaty")

("2015/2016 Treaty")

("2013/2014 Treaties")

("2014/2015 Treaty")

55%   

none 

40%   

none 

75%   
25%  

55%

none 

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Net written premiums increased $17,091,000, or 39.5%, to $60,385,000 in 2015 from $43,294,000 in 2014. Net written premiums include direct and assumed premiums, less the amount of written
premiums ceded under our reinsurance treaties (quota share, excess of loss, and catastrophe). Our personal lines business is currently subject to a quota share treaty and our commercial lines business was
subject  to  a  quota  share  treaty  through  June  30,  2014.  A  reduction  to  the  quota  share  percentage  or  elimination  of  a  quota  share  treaty  will  reduce  our  ceded  written  premiums,  which  will  result  in  a
corresponding increase to our net written premiums.

Effective July 1, 2015, we decreased the quota share ceding rate in our personal lines quota share treaty from 55% to 40%. The Cut-off of this treaty on July 1, 2015 resulted in a $5,866,000 return
of unearned premiums from our reinsurers that were previously ceded under the expiring personal lines quota share treaty. The new treaty is on a “net” of catastrophe reinsurance basis, as opposed to the
“gross” arrangement that existed in prior years. Under a “net” arrangement, all catastrophe reinsurance coverage is now purchased directly by us.

Effective July 1, 2014, we terminated our commercial lines quota share treaty. The previous commercial lines quota share treaty effective July 1, 2013 had a quota share percentage of 25%. Also,
effective July 1, 2014, we decreased the quota share percentage in our personal lines quota share treaty from 75% to 55%. The Cut-off of these treaties on July 1, 2014 resulted in a $6,597,000 return of
unearned premiums from our reinsurers that were previously ceded under the expiring quota share treaties.

Most of the premiums written under our personal lines are also subject to our catastrophe treaty. An increase in our personal lines business gives rise to more property exposure, which increases our
exposure  to  catastrophe  risk;  therefore,  our  premiums  for  catastrophe  insurance  will  increase.  This  results  in  an  increase  in  premiums  ceded  under  our  catastrophe  treaty,  which  reduces  net  written
premiums. With the inception of our personal lines quota share treaty being on a “net” basis effective July 1, 2015, our catastrophe premiums are ceded based on substantially all of our personal lines direct
written premiums, compared to catastrophe premiums being ceded only on the amount of personal lines written premiums that we retained under the expired “gross” basis. As a result of the increase in our
personal lines business and the change to a “net” basis for our personal lines quota share treaty, ceded catastrophe premiums increased by $3,937,000, or 150.8%, to $6,548,000 in 2015 from $3,937,000 in
2014.

An  increase  in  written  premiums  will  also  increase  the  premiums  ceded  under  our  excess  of  loss  treaties,  which  will  also  reduce  our  net  written  premiums.  In  2015,  our  ceded  excess  of  loss

reinsurance premiums increased by $238,000 over the ceded premiums for 2014.

Net premiums earned increased  $15,984,000, or 49.0%, to $48,612,000 in 2015 from $32,628,000 in 2014. The increase was primarily due to us retaining more earned premiums as result of the
reduction of the quota share percentage in our personal lines quota share treaty and the elimination of the commercial lines treaty on July 1, 2014. The decreases in our quota share ceding percentages
from  the  July  1,  2015  and  2014  Cut-offs  gave  us  a  return  of  premiums  previously  ceded,  which increases  our  net  premiums  earned  during  the  twelve  month  periods  after  the  Cut-offs.  In  addition,  as
premiums  written  earn  ratably  over  a  twelve  month  period,  net  premiums  earned  in  2015  increased  due  to  the  higher  net  written  premiums  generated  for  the  twelve  months  ended  December  31,  2015
compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2014.

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Ceding Commission Revenue

The  following  table  describes  the  quota  share  provisional  ceding  commission  rates  in  effect  during  2015  and  2014.  This  table  should  be  referred  to  in  conjunction  with  the  discussion  for  ceding

commission revenue that follows.

Provisional ceding commission rate on quota share treaty

 Personal lines
 Commercial lines

Year ended December 31, 2015

Year ended December 31, 2014

January 1,
to
June 30,

July 1,
to
December 31,

January 1,
to
June 30,

July 1,
to
December 31,

("2014/2015 Treaty")

("2015/2016 Treaty")

("2013/2014 Treaties")

("2014/2015 Treaty")

40%   

none 

55%   

none 

40%   
36%  

40%

none 

The following table summarizes the changes in the components of ceding commission revenue (in thousands) for the periods indicated:

($ in thousands)

2015

2014

Change

Percent

Year ended December 31,

 Provisional ceding commissions earned

 $

11,692 

 $

12,456 

 $

(764)

(6.1)%

 Contingent ceding commissions earned

 Contingent ceding commissions earned excluding

 the effect of catastrophes

 Effect of catastrophes on ceding commisions earned
 Contingent ceding commissions earned

1,062 
(1,281)
(219)

1,971 
(517)
1,454 

 Total ceding commission revenue

 $

11,473 

 $

13,910 

 $

(909)
(764)
(1,673)

(2,437)

(46.1)%
147.8%
(115.1)%

(17.5)%

Ceding commission revenue was $11,473,000 in 2015 compared to $13,910,000 in 2014. The decrease of $2,437,000, or 17.5%, was due to a decrease in provisional ceding commissions earned

and a decrease in contingent ceding commissions earned.

 Provisional Ceding Commissions Earned

We receive a provisional ceding commission based on ceded written premiums. Under the terms of the 2015/2016 Treaty, the provisional ceding commission rate increased to 55% from 40% under
the 2014/2015 Treaty. Provisional ceding commission earned was $11,692,000 in 2015 compared to $12,456,000 in 2014. The decrease of $764,000, or 6.1%, in provisional ceding commissions earned is
due to: (1) a decrease in the amount of premiums subject to provisional ceding commissions, (2) a decrease in the percentage of ceded premiums subject to quota share under the “net” 2015/2016 Treaty
compared to the “gross” 2014/2015 Treaty, and (3) partially offset by the increase in the provisional ceding commission rates under the 2015/2016 Treaty.

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Contingent Ceding Commissions Earned

As a result of the increase in the provisional ceding commission rate to 55% under the 2015/2016 Treaty from 40% under the 2014/2015 Treaty, we do not have an opportunity to earn as much
contingent ceding commissions. Under the “net” treaty in effect as of July 1, 2015, catastrophe losses in excess of the first $4,000,000 will fall outside of the quota share treaty and such losses will not have
an impact on contingent ceding commissions, as was the case under previous “gross” treaties. The new structure eliminates the adverse impact that catastrophe losses above $4,000,000 would have on
contingent ceding commissions.

We  receive  a  contingent  ceding  commission  based  on  a  sliding  scale  in  relation  to  the  losses  incurred  under  our  quota  share  treaties.  The  lower  the  ceded  loss  ratio,  the  more  contingent
commission we receive. The amount of contingent ceding commissions we are eligible to receive under the two personal lines quota share treaties described in the table above that were in effect during
2015 are subject to change based on losses incurred from claims with accident dates beginning July 1, 2014. The amount of contingent ceding commissions we are eligible to receive under our prior years’
quota share treaties is subject to change based on losses incurred related to claims with accident dates before July 1, 2014 under those treaties. In addition, our total ceding contingent commission revenue
was reduced in 2015 due to us not renewing our commercial lines quota share treaty upon its expiration on June 30, 2014.

The term of our expired personal lines reinsurance quota share treaty covered the period from July 1, 2013 to June 30, 2015 (“2013/2015 Treaty”). The computation to arrive at contingent ceding
commission  revenue  under  the  2013/2015  Treaty  included  catastrophe  losses  and  LAE  incurred  from  severe  winter  weather  during  2015  and  2014  (see  discussion  of  “Net  Loss  and  LAE”  below).  Such
losses  increased  our  ceded  loss  ratio  in  our  2013/2015  Treaty,  which  reduced  our  contingent  ceding  commission  revenue  in  accordance  with  the  sliding  scale  discussed  above  in  2015  and  2014  by
$1,281,000 and $517,000, respectively. See “Reinsurance” below for changes to our personal lines quota share treaty effective July 1, 2015.

Net Investment Income

Net investment income was  $2,564,000 in 2015 compared to $1,800,000 in 2014. The increase of  $764,000, or 42.4%, was due to an increase in average invested assets in 2015. The increase in
cash and invested assets resulted primarily from: (1) the proceeds of $18,804,000 that we received on December 13, 2013 from our public offering being fully deployed in 2015 as compared to the partial
deployment in 2014, (2) increased operating cash flows for the period after December 31, 2014, and (3) a decrease in investment expenses due to a rate decrease in our custodial fees. The increase in
operating cash flows is due in part from the reduction in quota share rates on July 1, 2015 and 2014. The reduction in quota share ceding rates results in a decline in ceded premiums, which leads to more
cash flow and more invested funds. The pre-tax equivalent investment yield on estimated annual income, excluding cash, was 4.77% and 4.67% as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Other Income

Other  income  was  $1,577,000  in  2015  compared  to  $1,006,000  in  2014.  The  increase  of  $571,000,  or  56.8%,  was  primarily  due  to  the  $350,000  we  received  as  early  settlement  of  the  termination
agreement that generated placement fees in our premium finance business (see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

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Net Loss and LAE

Net loss and LAE was  $23,180,000 in 2015 compared to $17,032,000 in 2014. The net loss ratio was 47.7% in 2015 compared to 52.2% in 2014, a decrease of 4.5 percentage points. The following

graphs summarize the changes in the components of net loss ratio for the periods indicated:

During 2015, our calendar year net loss ratio decreased by 4.5 points as compared to 2014. The primary driver of the decrease is an improvement in prior year loss development, as we recorded 1.0
points of favorable prior year loss development in 2015 compared to 5.4 points of adverse (unfavorable) prior year development in 2014, or an improvement of 6.4 points. Offsetting some of the improvement
in prior year loss development was the impact of severe winter weather, determined as the losses incurred over and above those expected in an average winter season.  Severe winter weather had a 4.3
point impact on the net loss ratio in 2015 compared to 2.9 points in 2014, an increase of 1.4 points. The core loss ratio (excluding prior year loss development and severe winter weather) was stable, at
44.4% in 2015 compared to 43.9% for 2014, an increase of 0.5 points. The provision in our current year catastrophe reinsurance treaty that adds coverage for winter storm losses in excess of $4,000,000
over any 28 day period was not triggered by the winter weather in 2015. See table below under “Additional Financial Information” summarizing net loss ratios by line of business.

Commercial Auto Line of Business

Effective October 1, 2014 we decided to no longer accept applications for new commercial auto coverage. The action was taken following a series of underwriting and pricing measures which were
intended to improve the profitability of this line of business.  The actions taken did not yield the hoped for results. In February 2015, we decided to no longer offer renewals to our existing commercial auto
policies beginning with those that expired on or after May 1, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, we had 134 commercial auto policies in force, which represented 0.3% of our policies in force. As of December
31, 2014, we had 730 commercial auto policies in force, which represented 1.6% of our policies in force.

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Commission Expense

Commission  expense  was  $15,317,000  in  2015  or  18.9%  of  direct  earned  premiums.  Commission  expense  was  $12,125,000  in  2014  or  17.8%  of  direct  earned  premiums.  The  increase  of
$3,192,000, or 26.3%, is due to the increase in direct written premiums in 2015 as compared to 2014 and a change in the mix of business to lines of business with higher commission rates, and an increase
in bonus commissions.

Other Underwriting Expenses

Other underwriting expenses were $12,833,000 in 2015 compared to $10,656,000 in 2014. The increase of $2,177,000, or 20.4%, in other underwriting expenses was primarily due to expenses
directly and indirectly related to growth in direct written premiums. Expenses directly related to the increase in direct written premiums primarily consist of underwriting expenses, software usage fees and
state  premium  taxes.  Expenses  indirectly  related  to  the  increase  in  direct  written  premiums  primarily  consist  of  salaries  along  with  related  other  employment  costs.  Salaries  and  employment  costs  were
$5,858,000 in 2015 compared to $4,914,000 in 2014. The increase of $944,000, or 19.2%, was due to hiring of additional staff to service our current level of business and anticipated growth in volume. In
addition,  there  were  annual  rate  increases  in  both  salaries  and  the  cost  of  employee  benefits.  Other  underwriting  expenses  as  a  percentage  of  direct  written  premiums  increased  to  14.1%  in  2015  from
14.0% in 2014. Other underwriting expenses as a percentage of direct earned premiums decreased to 15.5% in 2015 from 15.6% in 2014.

Our  net  underwriting  expense  ratio  in  2015  was  32.3%  compared  with  24.9%  in  2014.  The  following  table  shows  the  individual  components  of  our  net  underwriting  expense  ratio  for  the  periods

indicated:

 Ceding commission revenue - provisional
 Ceding commission revenue - contingent
 Other income
Acquistion costs and other underwriting expenses:

 Commission expense
 Other underwriting expenses
 Net underwriting expense ratio

Years ended
December 31,

2015

2014

Percentage

Point Change

(24.1
0.5
(2.0

31.5
26.4
32.3

)%

)

%

(38.2
(4.5
(2.3

37.2
32.7
24.9

)%
)
)

%

14.1
5.0
0.3

(5.7
(6.3
7.4

)
)

The increase of 7.4 percentage points was due to the individual components of provisional ceding commission revenue, commission expense and other underwriting expenses and their relation to

the increase in net premiums earned as a result of the additional retention resulting from the Cut-offs to our quota share treaties on July 1, 2015.

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Other Operating Expenses

Other operating expenses, related to the expenses of our holding company, were $1,504,000 in 2015 compared to $1,487,000 in 2014. The increase in 2015 of $17,000, or 1.1%, was composed of

nominal increases and decreases in the various expenses that are included in other operating expenses.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization was  $1,032,000 in 2015 compared to $875,000 in 2014. The increase of  $157,000, or 17.9%, in depreciation and amortization was primarily due to depreciation on

newly purchased assets used to upgrade our systems infrastructure and the Kingston, New York  home office building from which we operate.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense in 2015 was $3,349,000, which resulted in an effective tax rate of 32.5%. Income tax expense in 2014 was $2,547,000, which resulted in an effective tax rate of 32.3%. Income
before taxes was $10,309,000 in 2015 compared to $7,875,000 in 2014. The increase in the effective tax rate by 0.2 percentage points in 2015 is a result of the change in the enacted state tax rate resulting
in  a  current  period  decrease  in  the  deferred  tax  benefit  of  our  state  net  operating  losses,  net  of  the  corresponding  valuation  adjustment.  This  increase  was  partially  offset  by  the  benefits  of  permanent
differences generated from investment income as a result of the increase in our invested assets.

Net Income

Net income was $6,960,000 in 2015 compared to $5,328,000 in 2014. The increase in net income of $1,632,000, or 30.6%, was due to the circumstances described above that caused the increase
in  our  net  premiums  earned,  net  investment  income,  and  other  income,  and  a  decrease  in  our  net  loss  ratio,  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  in  net  realized  gains  and  ceding  commission  revenue,  and
increases in other underwriting expenses related to premium growth and other operating expenses.

Additional Financial Information

We  operate  our  business  as  one  segment,  property  and  casualty  insurance.  Within  this  segment,  we  offer  a  wide  array  of  property  and  casualty  policies  to  our  producers.  The  following  table
summarizes  gross  and  net  premiums  written,  net  premiums  earned,  and  loss  and  loss  adjustment  expenses  by  major  product  type,  which  were  determined  based  primarily  on  similar  economic
characteristics and risks of loss.

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 Gross premiums written:
 Personal lines
 Commercial lines
 Commercial auto
 Livery physical damage
 Other(1)
 Total

 Net premiums written:
 Personal lines

 Excluding the effect of quota share

 adjustments on July 1

 Return of premiums previously ceded to

 prior quota share treaties

 Total Personal lines

 Commercial lines

 Excluding the effect of quota share

 adjustments on July 1

 Return of premiums previously ceded to

 prior quota share treaties

 Total Commercial lines

 Commercial auto
 Livery physical damage
 Other(1)
 Total

 Net premiums earned:
 Personal lines
 Commercial lines
 Commercial auto
 Livery physical damage
 Other(1)
 Total

 Net loss and loss adjustment expenses:
 Personal lines
 Commercial lines
 Commercial auto
 Livery physical damage
 Other(1)
 Unallocated loss adjustment expenses

 Total

Net loss ratio:
Personal lines
Commercial lines
Commercial auto
Livery physical damage
Other(1)
Total

For the Year Ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

69,227,233 
12,010,892 
519,920 
9,032,957 
253,937 
91,044,939 

 $

 $

56,808,940 
10,967,008 
3,222,033 
5,034,260 
272,041 
76,304,282 

 $

33,899,714 

 $

19,817,259 

5,866,300 
39,766,014 

5,159,646 
24,976,905 

10,922,649 

8,516,227 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

- 
10,922,649 

471,135 
9,032,957 
192,022 
60,384,777 

29,498,110 
10,133,600 
1,722,381 
7,082,843 
175,148 
48,612,082 

12,513,907 
5,931,699 
653,898 
2,444,555 
147,789 
1,488,152 
23,180,000 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

1,437,345 
9,953,572 

3,134,657 
5,034,260 
195,468 
43,294,862 

16,670,947 
8,292,960 
3,932,349 
3,494,711 
237,517 
32,628,484 

6,345,559 
4,332,021 
3,438,957 
1,295,746 
516,042 
1,103,863 
17,032,188 

42.4%   
58.5%   
38.0%   
34.5%   
84.4%   
47.7%   

38.1%
52.2%
87.5%
37.1%
217.3%
52.2%

(1)

“Other” includes, among other things, premiums and loss and loss adjustment expenses from our participation in mandatory state joint underwriting associations.

36

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Insurance Underwriting Business on a Standalone Basis

Our insurance underwriting business reported on a standalone basis for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 follows:

 Revenues

 Net premiums earned
 Ceding commission revenue
 Net investment income
 Net realized gain on investments
 Other income

 Total revenues

 Expenses

 Loss and loss adjustment expenses
 Commission expense
 Other underwriting expenses
 Depreciation and amortization

 Total expenses

 Income from operations
 Income tax expense

 Net income

 Key Measures:
 Net loss ratio
 Net underwriting expense ratio
 Net combined ratio

 Reconciliation of net underwriting expense ratio:
 Acquisition costs and other
 underwriting expenses

 Less: Ceding commission revenue
 Less: Other income
 Net underwriting expenses

 Net premiums earned

 Net Underwriting Expense Ratio

37

Year ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

48,612,082 
11,473,117 
2,563,890 
(50,546)
992,270 
63,590,813 

23,180,000 
15,317,140 
12,833,391 
1,028,622 
52,359,153 

11,231,660 
3,601,935 
7,629,725 

 $

32,628,484 
13,910,111 
1,799,768 
707,027 
749,369 
49,794,759 

17,032,188 
12,125,328 
10,656,265 
871,520 
40,685,301 

9,109,458 
2,918,109 
6,191,349 

47.7%   
32.3%   
80.0%   

52.2%
24.9%
77.1%

28,150,531 
(11,473,117)
(992,270)
15,685,144 

 $

 $

22,781,593 
(13,910,111)
(749,369)
8,122,113 

48,612,082 

 $

32,628,484 

32.3%   

24.9%

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
An analysis of our direct, assumed and ceded earned premiums, loss and loss adjustment expenses, and loss ratios is shown below:

Direct

Assumed

Ceded

Net

 Year ended
December 31,
2015

 Written
premiums
 Change in
unearned
premiums
 Earned
premiums

 Loss and loss
adjustment
expenses
exluding

 the effect of
catastrophes

 Catastrophe
loss
 Loss and loss
adjustment
expenses

 Loss ratio
excluding the
effect of
catastrophes
 Catastrophe
loss
 Loss ratio

 Year ended
December 31,
2014

 Written
premiums
 Change in
unearned
premiums
 Earned
premiums

 Loss and loss
adjustment
expenses
exluding

 the effect of
catastrophes

 Catastrophe
loss
 Loss and loss
adjustment
expenses

 Loss ratio
excluding the
effect of
catastrophes
 Catastrophe
loss
 Loss ratio

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

91,003,968

(8,436,456

)

82,567,512

32,850,817

4,645,762

37,496,579

39.8

5.6
45.4

%

%
%

76,255,426

(8,119,029

)

68,136,397

28,075,577

3,764,108

31,839,685

41.2

5.5
46.7

%

%
%

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

40,971

4,255

45,226

111,618

-

111,618

246.8

0.0
246.8

%

%
%

48,856

(3,398

)

45,458

71,054

-

71,054

156.3

0.0
156.3

%

%
%

38

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

(30,660,161

(3,340,495

(34,000,656

(11,873,028

(2,555,169

(14,428,197

)

)

)

)

)

)

34.9

7.5
42.4

%

%
%

(33,009,420

(2,543,951

(35,553,371

(12,055,470

(2,823,081

(14,878,551

)

)

)

)

)

)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

60,384,778

(11,772,696

)

48,612,082

21,089,407

2,090,593

23,180,000

43.4

4.3
47.7

%

%
%

43,294,862

(10,666,378

)

32,628,484

16,091,161

941,027

17,032,188

33.9

7.9
41.8

%

%
%

49.3

2.9
52.2

%

%
%

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The key measures for our insurance underwriting business for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 Net premiums earned
 Ceding commission revenue (1)
 Other income

 Loss and loss adjustment expenses (2)

 Acquistion costs and other underwriting expenses:

 Commission expense
 Other underwriting expenses
 Total acquistion costs and other

 underwriting expenses

 Underwriting income

 Key Measures:

 Net loss ratio excluding the effect of catastrophes
 Effect of catastrophe loss on net loss ratio (2) (3)
 Net loss ratio

 Net underwriting expense ratio excluding the

 effect of catastrophes

 Effect of catastrophe loss on net underwriting

 expense ratio (1) (2) (3)

 Net underwriting expense ratio

 Net combined ratio excluding the effect

 of catastrophes

 Effect of catastrophe loss on net combined

 ratio (1) (2) (3)
 Net combined ratio

 Reconciliation of net underwriting expense ratio:
 Acquisition costs and other
 underwriting expenses

 Less: Ceding commission revenue (1)
 Less: Other income

 Net earned premium

 Net Underwriting Expense Ratio

Year ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

48,612,082 
11,473,117 
992,270 

32,628,484 
13,910,111 
749,369 

23,180,000 

17,032,188 

15,317,140 
12,833,391 

12,125,328 
10,656,265 

28,150,531 

22,781,593 

 $

9,746,938 

 $

7,474,183 

43.4%   
4.3%   
47.7%   

29.6%   

2.7%   
32.3%   

73.0%   

7.0%   
80.0%   

49.3%
2.9%
52.2%

23.3%

1.6%
24.9%

72.6%

4.5%
77.1%

 $

 $

 $

28,150,531 
(11,473,117)
(992,270)
15,685,144 

 $

 $

22,781,593 
(13,910,111)
(749,369)
8,122,113 

48,612,082 

 $

32,628,484 

32.3%   

24.9%

(1)  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015  and  2014,  the  effect  of  severe  winter  weather,  defined  as  a  catastrophe,  reduced  contingent  ceding  commission  revenue  by  $1,280,521  and  $517,269,
respectively.

39

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
(2)  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015  and  2014,  includes  the  sum  of  net  catastrophe  losses  and  loss  adjustment  expenses  of  $2,090,593  and  $941,027,  respectively,  resulting  from  severe  winter
weather.

(3)  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015  and  2014,  the  effect  of  catastrophe  loss  from  severe  winter  weather  on  our  net  combined  ratio  only  includes  the  direct  effects  of  loss  and  loss  adjustment
expenses and ceding commission revenue and does not include the indirect effects of a $324,906 and $163,673, respectively, decrease in other underwriting expenses.

Investments

Portfolio Summary

The following table presents a breakdown of the amortized cost, aggregate fair value and unrealized gains and losses by investment type as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

Available-for-Sale Securities

 Category

 Political subdivisions of States,
 Territories and Possessions

 Corporate and other bonds
 Industrial and miscellaneous

 Residential mortgage backed

 securities
 Total fixed-maturity securities

 Equity Securities

 Total

 Category

 Political subdivisions of States,
 Territories and Possessions

 Corporate and other bonds
 Industrial and miscellaneous

 Total fixed-maturity securities

 Equity Securities

 Total

Cost or
Amortized

Cost

Gross
Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Aggregate
Fair

Value

% of
Fair

Value

December 31, 2015

 $

12,139,793 

 $

431,194 

 $

(15,889)

 $

- 

 $

12,555,098 

45,078,044 

490,444 

(512,427)

(99,593)

44,956,468 

5,003,292 
62,221,129 
8,751,537 
70,972,666 

 $

48,375 
970,013 
585,776 
1,555,789 

 $

 $

(61,169)
(589,485)
(103,721)
(693,206)

 $

- 
(99,593)
(29,322)
(128,915)

 $

4,990,498 
62,502,064 
9,204,270 
71,706,334 

17.5%

62.7%

7.0%
87.2%
12.8%
100.0%

Cost or
Amortized

Cost

Gross
Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Aggregate
Fair

Value

% of
Fair

Value

December 31, 2014

 $

13,862,141 

 $

412,490 

 $

(23,813)

 $

(6,379)

 $

14,244,439 

24.1%

36,221,300 
50,083,441 
7,621,309 
57,704,750 

 $

803,440 
1,215,930 
464,130 
1,680,060 

 $

 $

(118,092)
(141,905)
(2,647)
(144,552)

 $

(30,228)
(36,607)
(65,063)
(101,670)

 $

36,876,420 
51,120,859 
8,017,729 
59,138,588 

62.4%
86.5%
13.5%
100.0%

40

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Held-to-Maturity Securities

 Category

Cost or

Amortized

Cost

Gross

Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Fair

Value

% of

Fair

Value

December 31, 2015

 U.S. Treasury securities

 $

606,389 

 $

147,650 

 $

- 

 $

- 

 $

754,039 

 Political subdivisions of States,
 Territories and Possessions

 Corporate and other bonds
 Industrial and miscellaneous

1,417,679 

70,284 

- 

(54,189)

1,433,774 

3,114,804 

82,265 

(17,980)

(125,807)

3,053,282 

 Total

 $

5,138,872 

 $

300,199 

 $

(17,980)

 $

(179,996)

 $

5,241,095 

 Category

Cost or

Amortized

Cost

Gross

Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Fair

Value

% of

Fair

Value

 U.S. Treasury securities

 $

606,353 

 $

183,200 

 $

- 

 $

- 

 $

789,553 

December 31, 2014

 Political subdivisions of States,
 Territories and Possessions

 Corporate and other bonds
 Industrial and miscellaneous

1,413,303 

49,981 

- 

(12,247)

1,451,037 

3,109,079 

98,306 

(52,921)

- 

3,154,464 

 Total

 $

5,128,735 

 $

331,487 

 $

(52,921)

 $

(12,247)

 $

5,395,054 

U.S. Treasury securities included in held-to-maturity securities are held in trust pursuant to the New York State Department of Financial Services’ minimum funds requirement.

A summary of the amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments in held-to-maturity securities by contractual maturity as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 is shown below:

14.4%

27.4%

58.2%

100.0%

14.6%

26.9%

58.5%

100.0%

 Remaining Time to Maturity

 Less than one year
 One to five years
 Five to ten years
 More than 10 years
 Total

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Amortized
Cost

Fair Value

Amortized
Cost

Fair Value

 $

 $

- 
500,000 
4,032,483 
606,389 
5,138,872 

 $

 $

- 
496,245 
3,990,811 
754,039 
5,241,095 

 $

 $

- 
- 
3,522,927 
1,605,808 
5,128,735 

 $

 $

- 
- 
3,563,401 
1,831,653 
5,395,054 

41

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
%
%
%
%

%

%
%
%
%

%

%

%

%

%

3.29

3.77

4.20

n/a

4.06

%

Credit Rating of Fixed-Maturity Securities

The table below summarizes the credit quality of our available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 as rated by Standard and Poor’s (or, if unavailable from Standard

and Poor’s, then Moody’s or Fitch):

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Fair Market

Value

Percentage of
Fair Market

Value

Fair Market

Value

Percentage of
Fair Market

Value

Rating
Corporate and
municipal bonds

AAA
AA
A
BBB

Total corporate
and municipal
bonds

Residential
mortgage backed
securities

A
CCC
CC
D

Total residential

mortgage backed
securities

$

2,218,147
9,060,781
10,639,888
35,592,750

57,511,566

216,077
457,889
402,558
3,913,974

4,990,498

Total

$

62,502,064

3.5
14.5
17.0
57.1

92.1

0.3
0.7
0.6
6.3

7.9

100.0

%
%
%
%

%

%
%
%
%

%

%

$

2,779,539
9,826,545
13,954,036
24,560,739

51,120,859

-
-
-
-

-

$

51,120,859

5.5
19.2
27.3
48.0

100.0

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

0.0

100.0

The table below details the average yield by type of fixed-maturity security as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

 Category
 U.S. Treasury securities and
 obligations of U.S. government
 corporations and agencies

 Political subdivisions of States,
 Territories and Possessions

 Corporate and other bonds
 Industrial and miscellaneous

 Residential mortgage backed securities

 Total

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

3.44

3.55

4.28

6.24

4.26

%

%

%

%

%

42

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below lists the weighted average maturity and effective duration in years on our fixed-maturity securities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

 Weighted average effective maturity

 Weighted average final maturity

 Effective duration

Fair Value Consideration

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

5.5

7.3

4.9

6.5

7.3

5.7

As  disclosed  in  Note  4  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  with  respect  to  “Fair  Value  Measurements,”  we  define  fair  value  as  the  price  that  would  be  received  to  sell  an  asset  or  paid  to
transfer a liability in a transaction involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities between market participants (an “exit price”). The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between inputs based on market
data  from  independent  sources  (“observable  inputs”)  and  a  reporting  entity’s  internal  assumptions  based  upon  the  best  information  available  when  external  market  data  is  limited  or  unavailable
(“unobservable inputs”). The fair value hierarchy prioritizes fair value measurements into three levels based on the nature of the inputs. Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets have the highest
priority (“Level 1”), followed by observable inputs other than quoted prices including prices for similar but not identical assets or liabilities (“Level 2”), and unobservable inputs, including the reporting entity’s
estimates of the assumption that market participants would use, having the lowest priority (“Level 3”). As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, 66% and 63%, respectively, of the investment portfolio recorded at
fair value was priced based upon quoted market prices.

As more fully described in Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, “Investments—Impairment Review,” we completed a detailed review of all our securities in a continuous loss position as
of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and concluded that the unrealized losses in these asset classes are temporary in nature and the result of a decrease in value due to technical spread widening and broader
market sentiment, rather than fundamental collateral deterioration.

The table below summarizes the gross unrealized losses of our fixed-maturity securities available-for-sale and equity securities by length of time the security has continuously been in an unrealized

loss position as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

43

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Category

 Fixed-Maturity Securities:
 Political subdivisions of
 States, Territories and
 Possessions

 Corporate and other
 bonds industrial and
 miscellaneous

 Residential mortgage
 backed securities

 Total fixed-maturity
 securities

 Equity Securities:
 Preferred stocks
 Common stocks

 Total equity securities

 Total

Less than 12 months

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

No. of
Positions

Held

December 31, 2015

12 months or more

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

Total

No. of
Positions

Held

Aggregate
Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

 $

1,432,005 

 $

(15,889)

4 

 $

- 

 $

- 

- 

 $

1,432,005 

 $

(15,889)

18,424,609 

(512,427)

2,413,980 

(61,169)

32 

12 

636,093 

(99,593)

- 

- 

2 

- 

19,060,702 

(612,020)

2,413,980 

(61,169)

 $

22,270,594 

 $

(589,485)

48 

 $

636,093 

 $

(99,593)

2 

 $

22,906,687 

 $

(689,078)

 $

 $

 $

- 
2,538,900 

 $

- 
(103,721)

 $

- 
6 

702,000 
- 

 $

(29,322)
- 

 $

1 
- 

702,000 
2,538,900 

 $

(29,322)
(103,721)

2,538,900 

 $

(103,721)

6 

 $

702,000 

 $

(29,322)

1 

 $

3,240,900 

 $

(133,043)

24,809,494 

 $

(693,206)

54 

 $

1,338,093 

 $

(128,915)

3 

 $

26,147,587 

 $

(822,121)

44

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 Category

 Fixed-Maturity Securities:
 Political subdivisions of
 States, Territories and
 Possessions

 Corporate and other
 bonds industrial and
 miscellaneous

 Total fixed-maturity
 securities

 Equity Securities:
 Preferred stocks
 Common stocks

 Total equity securities

 Total

Less than 12 months

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

No. of
Positions

Held

December 31, 2014

12 months or more

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

Total

No. of
Positions

Held

Aggregate
Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

 $

3,013,648 

 $

(23,813)

9 

 $

126,658 

 $

(6,379)

1 

 $

3,140,306 

 $

(30,192)

6,325,579 

(118,092)

15 

714,640 

(30,228)

2 

7,040,219 

(148,320)

 $

9,339,227 

 $

(141,905)

24 

 $

841,298 

 $

(36,607)

3 

 $

10,180,525 

 $

(178,512)

 $

 $

 $

656,325 
- 

 $

(2,647)
- 

 $

1 
- 

1,448,376 
267,000 

 $

(62,886)
(2,177)

 $

6 
1 

2,104,701 
267,000 

 $

(65,533)
(2,177)

656,325 

 $

(2,647)

1 

 $

1,715,376 

 $

(65,063)

7 

 $

2,371,701 

 $

(67,710)

9,995,552 

 $

(144,552)

25 

 $

2,556,674 

 $

(101,670)

10 

 $

12,552,226 

 $

(246,222)

45

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
There were 57 securities at December 31, 2015 that accounted for the gross unrealized loss, none of which were deemed by us to be other than temporarily impaired. There were 35 securities at
December 31, 2014 that accounted for the gross unrealized loss, none of which were deemed by us to be other than temporarily impaired. Significant factors influencing our determination that unrealized
losses were temporary included the magnitude of the unrealized losses in relation to each security’s cost, the nature of the investment and management’s intent not to sell these securities and it being not
more likely than not that we will be required to sell these investments before anticipated recovery of fair value to our cost basis.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

The primary sources of cash flow are from our insurance underwriting subsidiary, KICO, and include direct premiums written, ceding commissions from our quota share reinsurers, loss recovery
payments from our reinsurers, investment income and proceeds from the sale or maturity of investments. Funds are used by KICO for ceded premium payments to reinsurers, which are paid on a net basis
after subtracting losses paid on reinsured claims and reinsurance commissions. KICO also uses funds for loss payments and loss adjustment expenses on our net business, commissions to producers,
salaries and other underwriting expenses as well as to purchase investments and fixed assets.

Through the quarter ended March 31, 2015, the primary sources of cash flow for our holding company operations were in connection with the fee income we received from premium finance. On
March 27, 2015, we received $350,000 in connection with the early termination of the agreement that generated placement fees in our premium finance business (see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements). We also receive cash dividends from KICO, subject to statutory restrictions. For the year ended December 31, 2015, KICO paid dividends of $1,650,000 to us. In January 2016, we received
the remaining outstanding balance of $250,000 on a note receivable from the June 2009 sale of our former Pennsylvania retail business.

Effective December 31, 2015 we cancelled our $600,000 bank line of credit which had been intended to be used for general corporate needs. There were no borrowings on the credit line during

years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

If the aforementioned sources of cash flow currently available are insufficient to cover our holding company cash requirements, we will seek to obtain additional financing.

Our  reconciliation  of  net  income  to  net  cash  provided  by  operations  is  generally  influenced  by  the  collection  of  premiums  in  advance  of  paid  losses,  the  timing  of  reinsurance,  issuing  company

settlements and loss payments.

46

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow and liquidity are categorized into three sources: (1) operating activities; (2) investing activities; and (3) financing activities, which are shown in the following table:

Years Ended December 31,

 Cash flows provided by (used in):

 Operating activities
 Investing activities
 Financing activities

 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
 Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

2015

2014

$

$

20,401,907
(14,902,052
(1,855,361

3,644,494
9,906,878

13,551,372

)
)

$

$

17,332,972
(25,998,677
(1,349,923

(10,015,628
19,922,506

9,906,878

)
)

)

Net cash provided by operating activities was $20,402,000 in 2015 as compared to $17,333,000 provided in 2014. The $3,069,000 increase in cash flows provided by operating activities in 2015
was primarily a result of an increase in cash arising from net fluctuations in assets and liabilities relating to operating activities of KICO as affected by the growth in its operations which are described above,
and an increase in net income (adjusted for non-cash items) of $2,230,000.

Net cash used in investing activities was $14,902,000 in 2015 compared to $25,999,000 used in 2014. The $11,097,000 decrease in cash used in investing activities is the result of a $17,143,000

decrease in acquisitions of invested assets, offset by a $5,526,000 increase in sales of invested assets.

Net cash used in financing activities was $1,855,000 in 2015 compared to $1,350,000 used in 2014. The $505,000 increase in cash used in financing activities is the result of the $278,000 purchase

of treasury stock in 2015, compared to $47,000 purchased in 2014, a $245,000 increase in dividends paid due to additional shares outstanding in 2015 and an increase in the dividend rate.

Reinsurance

The following table provides summary information with respect to each reinsurer that accounted for more than 10% of our reinsurance recoverables on paid and unpaid losses and loss adjustment

expenses as of December 31, 2015:

 ($ in thousands)
 Maiden Reinsurace Company
 Swiss Reinsurance America Corporation
 SCOR Reinsurance Company

 Others
 Total

A.M.
Best Rating
A-
A+
A

Amount
Recoverable

as of

December 31, 2015

%

 $

 $

8,610 
4,039 
2,096 
14,745 
4,009 
18,754 

45.9%
21.5%
11.2%
78.6%
21.4%
100.0%

Reinsurance recoverable from Maiden Reinsurance Company and Motors Insurance Corporation (included in Others) are secured pursuant to collateralized trust agreements. Assets held in the two

trusts are not included in our invested assets and investment income earned on these assets is credited to the two reinsurers respectively.

47

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Our quota share reinsurance treaties are on a July 1 through June 30 treaty year basis; therefore, for year to date fiscal periods after June 30, two separate treaties will be included in such periods.

Our quota share reinsurance treaty in effect for the year ended December 31, 2015 for our personal lines business, which primarily consists of homeowners’ policies, was covered under the July 1,
2014/June  30,  2015  and  July  1,  2015/June  30,  2016  treaty  years.  Our  quota  share  reinsurance  treaties  in  effect  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  for  our  personal  lines  business,  which  primarily
consists of homeowners’ policies, was covered under the July 1, 2013/June 30, 2014 and July 1, 2014/June 30, 2015 treaty years. Our quota share reinsurance treaty in effect for the year ended December
31, 2014 for our commercial lines business was covered under the July 1, 2013/June 30, 2014 treaty year. We did not renew our expiring commercial lines quota share reinsurance treaty on July 1, 2014.

Our  personal  lines  quota  share  treaty  that  covered  the  July  1,  2013/June  30,  2014  treaty  year  was  a  two  year  treaty  that  expired  on  June  30,  2015.  Effective  July  1,  2014,  we  had  the  option  to
increase the quota share percentage from 75% to a maximum of 85% or decrease the quota share percentage from 75% to a minimum of 55% by giving no less than 30 days advance notice. On May 12,
2014, we notified the personal lines reinsurers of our election to reduce the ceding percentage in the personal lines quota share treaty from 75% to 55% effective July 1, 2014.We entered into new annual
treaties with different terms effective July 1, 2015. Our treaties for the July 1, 2013/ June 30, 2014, July 1, 2014/June 30, 2015 and July 1, 2015/June 30, 2016 treaty years provide for the following material
terms:

48

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 Line of Busines

Personal Lines:
Homeowners, dwelling fire and canine legal liability

 Quota share treaty:
 Percent ceded
 Risk retained
 Losses per occurrence subject to quota share
reinsurance coverage

 Excess of loss coverage above quota share coverage

 Total reinsurance coverage per occurrence
 Losses per occurrence subject to reinsurance
coverage
 Expiration date

 Personal Umbrella

 Quota share treaty:

 Percent ceded - first million dollars of coverage
 Percent ceded - excess of one million dollars of
coverage
 Risk retained
 Total reinsurance coverage per occurrence
 Losses per occurrence subject to quota share
reinsurance coverage

 Expiration date

Commercial Lines:

 General liability commercial policies, except for
commercial auto

 Quota share treaty:

 Percent ceded (terminated effective July 1, 2014)
 Risk retained
 Losses per occurrence subject to quota share
reinsurance coverage

 Excess of loss coverage above quota share coverage

 Total reinsurance coverage per occurrence
 Losses per occurrence subject to reinsurance
coverage

Commercial Auto:
 Risk retained
 Excess of loss coverage in excess of risk retained

Catastrophe Reinsurance:

 Initial loss subject to personal lines quota share treaty
 Risk retained per catastrophe occurrence (1)
 Catastrophe loss coverage in excess of quota share
coverage (2) (3)
 Severe winter weather aggregate (3)
 Reinstatement premium protection (4)

July 1, 2015
to

June 30, 2016

Treaty Year
July 1, 2014
to

June 30, 2015

July 1, 2013
to

June 30, 2014

40
450,000

%

%

%

750,000
3,750,000
in excess of
750,000
4,050,000

4,500,000
June 30, 2016

90

100
100,000
2,900,000

3,000,000
June 30, 2016

None
425,000

None
4,075,000
in excess of
425,000
4,075,000

4,500,000

300,000
1,700,000
in excess of
300,000

4,000,000
2,400,000

176,000,000

$

$
$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

55
360,000

%

%

%

800,000
3,200,000
in excess of
800,000
3,640,000

4,000,000
June 30, 2015

90

100
100,000
2,900,000

3,000,000
June 30, 2015

None
400,000

None
3,600,000
in excess of
400,000
3,600,000

4,000,000

300,000
1,700,000
in excess of
300,000

4,000,000
1,800,000

137,000,000

$

$
$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

75
300,000

%

1,200,000
1,700,000
in excess of
1,200,000
2,600,000

2,900,000
June 30, 2015

90

100
100,000
1,900,000

2,000,000
June 30, 2014

%

%

25
300,000

%

400,000
2,500,000
in excess of
400,000
2,600,000

2,900,000

300,000
1,700,000
in excess of
300,000

4,000,000
1,000,000

86,000,000

$

$
$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$

$
$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

Yes
Yes

Yes
No

No
No

1.  Plus losses in excess of catastrophe coverage.
2.  Catastrophe coverage is limited on an annual basis to two times the per occurrence amounts. Effective July 1, 2015, the duration of a catastrophe occurrence from windstorm, hail, tornado, hurricane

and cyclone was extended to 120 consecutive hours from 96 consecutive hours.

3.  Effective July 1, 2014, our catastrophe treaty also covers losses caused by severe winter weather during any consecutive 28 day period.
4.  Effective July 1, 2015, reinstatement premium protection for $16,000,000 of catastrophe coverage in excess of $4,000,000.

49

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The single maximum risks per occurrence to which we are subject under the new treaties effective July 1, 2015 are as follows:

July 1, 2015 - June 30, 2016

Treaty

Personal Lines

Personal Umbrella

Commercial Lines

Commercial Auto

Catastrophe (2)

Extent of Loss

 Initial $750,000

$750,000 - $4,500,000

 Over $4,500,000

 Initial $1,000,000

$1,000,000 - $3,000,000

 Over $3,000,000

 Initial $425,000

$425,000 - $4,500,000

 Over $4,500,000

 Initial $300,000

$300,000 - $2,000,000

 Over $2,000,000

 Initial $4,000,000

$4,000,000 - $180,000,000

 Over $180,000,000

Risk Retained

$

$

$

$

$

450,000
None(1)
100

100,000
None(1)
100

425,000
None(1)
100

300,000
None(1)
100

2,400,000
None
100

The single maximum risks per occurrence to which we are subject under the treaties that expired on June 30, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

July 1, 2014 - June 30, 2015

July 1, 2013 - June 30, 2014

Treaty

Personal Lines

Extent of Loss

 Initial $800,000

800,000 -
$4,000,000

$
 Over $4,000,000

Personal Umbrella

 Initial $1,000,000

1,000,000 -
$3,000,000

$
 Over $3,000,000

Commercial Lines

 Initial $400,000

400,000 -
$4,000,000

$
 Over $4,000,000

Commercial Auto

 Initial $300,000

300,000 -
$2,000,000

$
 Over $2,000,000

Catastrophe (2)

 Initial $4,000,000

4,000,000 -
$141,000,000

$
 Over $141,000,000

(1)  Covered by excess of loss treaties.

Risk Retained
$

360,000

$

$

$

$

None(1)
100

100,000

None(1)
100

400,000

None(1)
100

300,000

None(1)
100

1,800,000

None
100

%

%

%

%

%

Extent of Loss

 Initial $1,200,000

1,200,000 -
$2,900,000

$
 Over $2,900,000

 Initial $1,000,000

1,000,000 -
$2,000,000

$
 Over $2,000,000

 Initial $400,000

400,000 -
$2,900,000

$
 Over $2,900,000

 Initial $300,000

300,000 -
$2,000,000

$
 Over $2,000,000

 Initial $4,000,000

4,000,000 -
$90,000,000

$
 Over $90,000,000

Risk Retained
$

300,000

$

$

$

$

None(1)
100

100,000

None(1)
100

300,000

None(1)
100

300,000

None(1)
100

1,000,000

None
100

(2)  Catastrophe coverage is limited on an annual basis to two times the per occurrence amounts.

50

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inflation

Premiums are established before we know the amount of losses and loss adjustment expenses or the extent to which inflation may affect such amounts. We attempt to anticipate the potential impact
of inflation in establishing our reserves, especially as it relates to medical and hospital rates where historical inflation rates have exceeded the general level of inflation. Inflation in excess of the levels we
have assumed could cause loss and loss adjustment expenses to be higher than we anticipated, which would require us to increase reserves and reduce earnings.

 Fluctuations in rates of inflation also influence interest rates, which in turn impact the market value of our investment portfolio and yields on new investments. Operating expenses, including salaries

and benefits, generally are impacted by inflation.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses,

results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

Factors That May Affect Future Results and Financial Condition

Based upon the following factors, as well as other factors affecting our operating results and financial condition, past financial performance should not be considered to be a reliable indicator of future
performance,  and  investors  should  not  use  historical  trends  to  anticipate  results  or  trends  in  future  periods.    In  addition,  such  factors,  among  others,  may  affect  the  accuracy  of  certain  forward-looking
statements contained in this Annual Report.

Risks Related to Our Business

As a property and casualty insurer, we may face significant losses from catastrophes and severe weather events.

Because of the exposure of our property and casualty business to catastrophic events (such as Superstorm Sandy), our operating results and financial condition may vary significantly from one period to the
next. Catastrophes can be caused by various natural and man-made disasters, including earthquakes, wildfires, tornadoes, hurricanes, severe winter weather, storms and certain types of terrorism. We have
catastrophe reinsurance coverage with regard to losses of up to $180,000,000. The initial $4,000,000 of losses in a catastrophe are subject to a 40% quota share reinsurance treaty, such that we retain
$2,400,000 of risk per catastrophe occurrence. With respect to any additional catastrophe losses of up to $176,000,000, we are 100% reinsured under our catastrophe reinsurance program.  Catastrophe
coverage is limited on an annual basis to two times the per occurrence amounts.  We may incur catastrophe losses in excess of: (i) those that we project would be incurred, (ii) those that external modeling
firms  estimate  would  be  incurred,  (iii)  the  average  expected  level  used  in  pricing  or  (iv)  our  current  reinsurance  coverage  limits.  Despite  our  catastrophe  management  programs,  we  are  exposed  to
catastrophes  that  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  operating  results  and  financial  condition.  Our  liquidity  could  be  constrained  by  a  catastrophe,  or  multiple  catastrophes,  which  may  result  in
extraordinary losses or a downgrade of our financial strength ratings. In addition, the reinsurance losses that are incurred in connection with a catastrophe could have an adverse impact on the terms and
conditions of future reinsurance treaties.

51

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In addition, we are subject to claims arising from non-catastrophic weather events such as tropical storms, severe winter weather, rain, hail and high winds. The incidence and severity of weather

conditions are largely unpredictable. There is generally an increase in the frequency of claims when severe weather conditions occur.

Unanticipated increases in the severity or frequency of claims may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

Changes  in  the  severity  or  frequency  of  claims  may  affect  our  profitability.  Changes  in  homeowners  claim  severity  are  driven  by  inflation  in  the  construction  industry,  in  building  materials  and  in  home
furnishings, and by other economic and environmental factors, including increased demand for services and supplies in areas affected by catastrophes. Changes in bodily injury claim severity are driven
primarily by inflation in the medical sector of the economy and litigation. Changes in auto physical damage claim severity are driven primarily by inflation in auto repair costs, prices of auto parts and used car
prices. However, changes in the level of the severity of claims are not limited to the effects of inflation and demand surge in these various sectors of the economy. Increases in claim severity can arise from
unexpected  events  that  are  inherently  difficult  to  predict,  such  as  a  change  in  the  law  or  an  inability  to  enforce  exclusions  and  limitations  contained  in  our  policies.  Although  we  pursue  various  loss
management initiatives to mitigate future increases in claim severity, there can be no assurances that these initiatives will successfully identify or reduce the effect of future increases in claim severity, and a
significant increase in claim frequency could have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

The inability to obtain an upgrade to our financial strength rating from A.M. Best, or a downgrade in our rating, may have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, the marketability
of our product offerings, and our liquidity, operating results and financial condition.

Financial strength ratings are important factors in establishing the competitive position of insurance companies and generally have an effect on an insurance company's business. Many insurance buyers,
agents, brokers and secured lenders use the ratings assigned by A.M. Best and other agencies to assist them in assessing the financial strength and overall quality of the companies from which they are
considering purchasing insurance or in determining the financial strength of the company that provides insurance with respect to the collateral they hold. KICO currently has an A.M. Best financial strength
rating of B++ (Good). A.M. Best ratings are derived from an in-depth evaluation of an insurance company’s balance sheet strengths, operating performances and business profiles. A.M. Best evaluates,
among other factors, the company’s capitalization, underwriting leverage, financial leverage, asset leverage, capital structure, quality and appropriateness of reinsurance, adequacy of reserves, quality and
diversification of assets, liquidity, profitability, spread of risk, revenue composition, market position, management, market risk and event risk. On an ongoing basis, rating agencies such as A.M. Best review
the financial performance and condition of insurers and can downgrade or change the outlook on an insurer's ratings due to, for example, a change in an insurer's statutory capital, a reduced confidence in
management or a host of other considerations that may or may not be under the insurer's control. KICO currently has a Demotech financial stability rating of A (Excellent), which generally permits lenders to
accept our policies. All ratings are subject to continuous review; therefore, the retention of these ratings cannot be assured. A downgrade in any of these ratings could have a material adverse effect on our
competitiveness, the marketability of our product offerings and our ability to grow in the marketplace.

52

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Adverse capital and credit market conditions may significantly affect our ability to meet liquidity needs or our ability to obtain credit on acceptable terms.

The capital and credit markets have been experiencing extreme volatility and disruption. In some cases, the markets have exerted downward pressure on the availability of liquidity and credit capacity. In the
event  that  we  need  access  to  additional  capital  to  pay  our  operating  expenses,  make  payments  on  our  indebtedness,  pay  for  capital  expenditures  or  increase  the  amount  of  insurance  that  we  seek  to
underwrite or otherwise grow our business, our ability to obtain such capital may be limited and the cost of any such capital may be significant. Our access to additional financing will depend on a variety of
factors, such as market conditions, the general availability of credit, the overall availability of credit to our industry, our credit ratings and credit capacity as well as lenders' perception of our long or short-term
financial prospects. Similarly, our access to funds may be impaired if regulatory authorities or rating agencies take negative actions against us. If a combination of these factors occurs, our internal sources of
liquidity may prove to be insufficient and, in such case, we may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on favorable terms.

We are exposed to significant financial and capital markets risk which may adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and our net investment income can vary
from period to period.

We are exposed to significant financial and capital markets risk, including changes in interest rates, equity prices, market volatility, the performance of the economy in general, the performance of the specific
obligors included in our portfolio and other factors outside our control. Our exposure to interest rate risk relates primarily to the market price and cash flow variability associated with changes in interest rates.
Our investment portfolio contains interest rate sensitive instruments, such as fixed income securities, which may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates from governmental monetary policies,
domestic and international economic and political conditions and other factors beyond our control. A rise in interest rates would increase the net unrealized loss position of our investment portfolio, which
would be offset by our ability to earn higher rates of return on funds reinvested. Conversely, a decline in interest rates would decrease the net unrealized loss position of our investment portfolio, which would
be offset by lower rates of return on funds reinvested.

In addition, market volatility can make it difficult to value certain of our securities if trading becomes less frequent. As such, valuations may include assumptions or estimates that may have significant period
to period changes which could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition. If significant, continued volatility, changes in interest rates, changes in defaults, a
lack of pricing transparency, market liquidity and declines in equity prices, individually or in tandem, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows through
realized losses, impairments, and changes in unrealized positions.

Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, which may limit our ability to write new business.

Our personal lines catastrophe reinsurance program was designed, utilizing our risk management methodology, to address our exposure to catastrophes. Market conditions beyond our control impact the
availability and cost of the reinsurance we purchase. No assurances can be given that reinsurance will remain continuously available to us to the same extent and on the same terms and rates as currently
available. For example, our ability to afford reinsurance to reduce our catastrophe risk may be dependent upon our ability to adjust premium rates for its cost, and there are no assurances that the terms and
rates for our current reinsurance program will continue to be available in the future. If we are unable to maintain our current level of reinsurance or purchase new reinsurance protection in amounts that we
consider sufficient and at prices that we consider acceptable, we will have to either accept an increase in our exposure risk, reduce our insurance writings or develop or seek other alternatives.

53

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We intend to prudently reduce our reliance on quota share reinsurance; this would lead to greater exposure to net insurance losses.

We have determined it to be in the best interests of our shareholders to prudently reduce our reliance on quota share reinsurance. Any such reduction would result in higher net earned premiums

and a reduction in ceding commission revenue in future years. Such an approach would also lead to increased exposure to net insurance losses.

Reinsurance subjects us to the credit risk of our reinsurers, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

The collectability of reinsurance recoverables is subject to uncertainty arising from a number of factors, including changes in market conditions, whether insured losses meet the qualifying conditions of the
reinsurance contract and whether reinsurers, or their affiliates, have the financial capacity and willingness to make payments under the terms of a reinsurance treaty or contract. Since we are primarily liable
to an insured for the full amount of insurance coverage, our inability to collect a material recovery from a reinsurer could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Applicable insurance laws regarding the change of control of our company may impede potential acquisitions that our shareholders might consider to be desirable.

We are subject to statutes and regulations of the state of New York which generally require that any person or entity desiring to acquire direct or indirect control of KICO, our insurance company subsidiary,
obtain prior regulatory approval. In addition, a change of control of Kingstone Companies, Inc. would require such approval. These laws may discourage potential acquisition proposals and may delay, deter
or prevent a change of control of our company, including through transactions, and in particular unsolicited transactions, that some of our shareholders might consider to be desirable. Similar regulations may
apply in other states in which we may operate.

The insurance industry is subject to extensive restrictive regulation that may affect our operating costs and limit the growth of our business, and changes within this regulatory environment
may, too, adversely affect our operating costs and limit the growth of our business.

We are subject to extensive laws and regulations. State insurance regulators are charged with protecting policyholders and have broad regulatory, supervisory and administrative powers over our business
practices, including, among other things, the power to grant and revoke licenses to transact business and the power to regulate and approve underwriting practices and rate changes, which may delay the
implementation of premium rate changes or prevent us from making changes we believe are necessary to match rate to risk. In addition, many states have laws and regulations that limit an insurer’s ability to
cancel or not renew policies and that prohibit an insurer from withdrawing from one or more lines of business written in the state, except pursuant to a plan that is approved by the state insurance department.
Laws and regulations that limit cancellation and non-renewal and that subject program withdrawals to prior approval requirements may restrict our ability to exit unprofitable markets.

54

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Because  the  laws  and  regulations  under  which  we  operate  are  administered  and  enforced  by  a  number  of  different  governmental  authorities,  including  state  insurance  regulators,  state  securities
administrators and the SEC, each of which exercises a degree of interpretive latitude, we are subject to the risk that compliance with any particular regulator's or enforcement authority's interpretation of a
legal  issue  may  not  result  in  compliance  with  another's  interpretation  of  the  same  issue,  particularly  when  compliance  is  judged  in  hindsight.  In  addition,  there  is  risk  that  any  particular  regulator's  or
enforcement authority's interpretation of a legal issue may change over time to our detriment, or that changes in the overall legal and regulatory environment may, even absent any particular regulator's or
enforcement  authority's  interpretation  of  a  legal  issue  changing,  cause  us  to  change  our  views  regarding  the  actions  we  need  to  take  from  a  legal  risk  management  perspective,  thereby  necessitating
changes to our practices that may, in some cases, limit our ability to grow and improve the profitability of our business.

While the United States federal government does not directly regulate the insurance industry, federal legislation and administrative policies can affect us. Congress and various federal agencies periodically
discuss  proposals  that  would  provide  for  a  federal  charter  for  insurance  companies.  We  cannot  predict  whether  any  such  laws  will  be  enacted  or  the  effect  that  such  laws  would  have  on  our  business.
Moreover, there can be no assurance that changes will not be made to current laws, rules and regulations, or that any other laws, rules or regulations will not be adopted in the future, that could adversely
affect our business and financial condition.

We  may  not  be  able  to  maintain  the  requisite  amount  of  risk-based  capital,  which  may  adversely  affect  our  profitability  and  our  ability  to  compete  in  the  property  and  casualty  insurance
markets.

The New York State Department of Financial Services imposes risk-based capital requirements on insurance companies to ensure that insurance companies maintain appropriate levels of surplus to
support their overall business operations and to protect customers against adverse developments, after taking into account default, credit, underwriting , reserve and off-balance sheet risks. If the amount of
our capital falls below this minimum, we may face restrictions with respect to soliciting new business and/or keeping existing business. Similar regulations will apply in other states in which we may operate.

Changing climate conditions may adversely affect our financial condition, profitability or cash flows.

We  recognize  the  scientific  view  that  the  world  is  getting  warmer.  Climate  change,  to  the  extent  it  produces  rising  temperatures  and  sea  levels,  could  impact  the  frequency  and/or  severity  of

weather-related claim events. This may ultimately affect the affordability and availability of homeowners insurance and our ability to grow profitably in certain lines of business and geographic regions.

Our operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected by the cyclical nature of the property and casualty business.

The property and casualty market is cyclical and has experienced periods characterized by relatively high levels of price competition, less restrictive underwriting standards and relatively low premium rates,
followed  by  periods  of  relatively  lower  levels  of  competition,  more  selective  underwriting  standards  and  relatively  high  premium  rates.  A  downturn  in  the  profitability  cycle  of  the  property  and  casualty
business could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

55

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
Because substantially all of our revenue is currently derived from sources located in New York, our business may be adversely affected by conditions in such state.

Substantially all of our revenue is currently derived from sources located in the state of New York and, accordingly, is affected by the prevailing regulatory, economic, demographic, competitive and other
conditions  in  such  state.  Changes  in  any  of  these  conditions  could  make  it  more  costly  or  difficult  for  us  to  conduct  our  business.  Adverse  regulatory  developments  in  New  York,  which  could  include
fundamental changes to the design or implementation of the insurance regulatory framework, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

We are highly dependent on a small number of insurance brokers for a large portion of our revenues.

We market our insurance products primarily through insurance brokers. A large percentage of our gross premiums written are sourced through a limited number of brokers.  These brokers provided a total of
33.5%  of  our  gross  premiums  written  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015.  The  nature  of  our  dependency  on  these  brokers  relates  to  the  high  volume  of  business  they  consistently  refer  to  us.  Our
relationship with these brokers is based on the quality of the underwriting and claims services we provide to our clients and on our financial strength ratings. Any deterioration in these factors could result in
these brokers advising clients to place their risks with other insurers rather than with us. A loss of all or a substantial portion of the business provided by one or more of these brokers could have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Regulatory action taken by the New York State Department of Financial Services following Superstorm Sandy may affect our operations and business.

In the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, the New York State Department of Financial Services (the “DFS”) has adopted various regulations that affect insurance companies that operate in the state of New
York. Included among the regulations are accelerated claims investigation and settlement requirements and mandatory participation in non-binding mediation proceedings funded by the insurer. In addition,
in February 2013, the state of New York announced that the DFS has commenced an investigation into the claims practices of three insurance companies, including KICO, in connection with Superstorm
Sandy claims. The DFS stated that the three insurers had a much larger than average consumer complaint rate with regard to Superstorm Sandy claims and indicated that the three insurers were being
investigated for (i) failure to send adjusters in a timely manner; (ii) failure to process claims in a timely manner; and (iii) inability of homeowners to contact insurance company representatives. KICO received
a letter from the DFS seeking information and data with regard to the foregoing. KICO provided information and data to the DFS and has cooperated with the DFS in connection with its investigation. KICO
has not received a response from the DFS since a meeting held on May 23, 2013 and believes that such matter will not have any effect on our financial position or results of operations. In settling insurance
claims, including those related to Superstorm Sandy, if KICO were to pay for losses not covered by the insurance policy, such as those based on water and sewer back up claims, it could face disclaimers of
coverage from its reinsurers with regard to the amounts paid.

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Actual claims incurred may exceed current reserves established for claims, which may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition .

Recorded claim reserves for our business are based on our best estimates of losses after considering known facts and interpretations of circumstances. Internal and external factors are considered. Internal
factors  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  actual  claims  paid,  pending  levels  of  unpaid  claims,  product  mix  and  contractual  terms.  External  factors  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  changes  in  the  law,  court
decisions,  changes  in  regulatory  requirements  and  economic  conditions.  Because  reserves  are  estimates  of  the  unpaid  portion  of  losses  that  have  occurred,  the  establishment  of  appropriate  reserves,
including reserves for catastrophes, is an inherently uncertain and complex process. The ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded reserves, and such variance may adversely affect our
operating results and financial condition.

As a holding company, we are dependent on the results of operations of our subsidiaries; there are restrictions on the payment of dividends by KICO.

We are a holding company and a legal entity separate and distinct from our operating subsidiary, KICO. As a holding company with limited operations of our own, the principal sources of our funds are
dividends from KICO. Consequently, we must rely on KICO for our ability to repay debts, pay expenses and pay cash dividends to our shareholders.

Our ability to receive dividends from KICO is restricted by the state laws and insurance regulations of New York. These restrictions are related to surplus and net investment income. Maximum permissible
dividends are restricted to the lesser of 10% of surplus or 100% of net investment income (on a statutory accounting basis) for the trailing 36 months, less dividends paid during the preceding 24 months of
the current 12 month period. As of December 31, 2015, the maximum permissible distribution that KICO could pay without prior regulatory approval was approximately $3,357,000.

Our future results are dependent in part on our ability to successfully operate in an insurance industry that is highly competitive.

The insurance industry is highly competitive. Many of our competitors have well-established national reputations, substantially more capital and significantly greater marketing and management resources.
Because of the competitive nature of the insurance industry, including competition for customers, agents and brokers, there can be no assurance that we will continue to effectively compete with our industry
rivals, or that competitive pressures will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.

If we lose key personnel or are unable to recruit qualified personnel, our ability to implement our business strategies could be delayed or hindered.

Our  future  success  will  depend,  in  part,  upon  the  efforts  of  Barry  Goldstein,  our  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer.  The  loss  of  Mr.  Goldstein  or  other  key  personnel  could  prevent  us  from  fully
implementing our business strategies and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. As we continue to grow, we will need to recruit and retain additional
qualified management personnel, but we may not be able to do so. Our ability to recruit and retain such personnel will depend upon a number of factors, such as our results of operations and prospects and
the level of competition then prevailing in the market for qualified personnel. Mr. Goldstein is a party to an employment agreement with us that expires on December 31, 2016.

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Difficult conditions in the economy could adversely affect our business and operating results.

Some economists project the potential for significant negative macroeconomic trends, including increased unemployment, reduced consumer spending, and substantial increases in delinquencies on
consumer debt, including defaults on home mortgages. Moreover, recent disruptions in the financial markets, particularly the reduced availability of credit and tightened lending requirements, have impacted
the ability of borrowers to refinance loans at more affordable rates. As with most businesses, we believe that difficult conditions in the economy could have an adverse effect on our business and operating
results. General economic conditions also could adversely affect us in the form of consumer behavior, which may include decreased demand for our products. As consumers become more cost conscious,
they may choose lower levels of insurance.

Changes in accounting standards issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other standard-setting bodies may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our financial statements are subject to the application of generally accepted accounting principles, which are periodically revised, interpreted and/or expanded. Accordingly, we are required to adopt new
guidance or interpretations, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition that is either unexpected or has a greater impact than expected.

Our business could be adversely affected by a security breach or other attack involving our computer systems or those of one or more of our vendors.

Our business requires that we develop and maintain computer systems to run our operations and to store a significant volume of confidential data.  Some of these systems rely on third-party vendors,
through either a connection to, or an integration with, those third-parties’ systems.  In the course of our operations, we acquire the personal confidential information of our customers and employees.  We
also store our intellectual property, trade secrets, and other sensitive business and financial information.

All  of  these  systems  are  subject  to  “cyber  attacks”  by  sophisticated  third  parties  with  substantial  computing  resources  and  capabilities,  and  to  unauthorized  or  illegitimate  actions  by  employees,

consultants, agents and other persons with legitimate access to our systems. Such attacks or actions may include attempts to:

•  steal, corrupt, or destroy data, including our intellectual property, financial data or the personal information of our customers or employees
•  misappropriate funds
•  disrupt or shut down our systems
•  deny customers, agents, brokers, or others access to our systems, or
• 

infect our systems with viruses or malware.

While we can take defensive measures, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in preventing attacks or detecting and stopping them once they have begun.  Our business could be
significantly damaged by a security breach, data loss or corruption, or cyber attack. In addition to the potentially high costs of investigating and stopping such an event and implementing necessary fixes, we
could incur substantial liability if confidential customer or employee information is stolen. In addition, such an event could cause a significant disruption of our ability to conduct our insurance operations.  We
have a cyber insurance policy to protect against the monetary impact of some of these risks.  However, the occurrence of a security breach, data loss or corruption, or cyber-attack, if sufficiently severe,
could have a material adverse effect on our business results.

We rely on our information technology and telecommunication systems, and the failure of these systems could materially and adversely affect our business.

Our business is highly dependent upon the successful and uninterrupted functioning of our information technology and telecommunications systems. We rely on these systems to support our operations. The
failure of these systems could interrupt our operations and result in a material adverse effect on our business.

We have incurred, and will continue to incur, increased costs as a result of being an SEC reporting company.

The  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002,  as  well  as  a  variety  of  related  rules  implemented  by  the  SEC,  have  required  changes  in  corporate  governance  practices  and  generally  increased  the  disclosure
requirements  of  public  companies.  As  a  reporting  company,  we  incur  significant  legal,  accounting  and  other  expenses  in  connection  with  our  public  disclosure  and  other  obligations.  Based  upon  SEC
regulations currently in effect, we are required to establish, evaluate and report on our internal control over financial reporting. We believe that compliance with the myriad of rules and regulations applicable
to reporting companies and related compliance issues will require a significant amount of time and attention from our management.

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Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Our stock price may fluctuate significantly and be highly volatile and this may make it difficult for shareholders to resell shares of our common stock at the volume, prices and times they find
attractive.

The market price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations and be highly volatile, which may make it difficult for shareholders to resell shares of our common stock at the volume, prices
and times they find attractive. There are many factors that will impact our stock price and trading volume, including, but not limited to, the factors listed above under “Risks Related to Our Business.”

Stock markets, in general, have continued to experience significant price and volume volatility, and the market price of our common stock may continue to be subject to similar market fluctuations that

may be unrelated to our operating performance and prospects. Increased market volatility and fluctuations could result in a substantial decline in the market price of our common stock.

The trading volume in our common stock has been limited. As a result, shareholders may not experience liquidity in their investment in our common stock, thereby potentially limiting their
ability to resell their shares at the volume, times and prices they find attractive.

Our common stock is currently traded on The NASDAQ Capital Market. Our common stock is currently thinly traded and has substantially less liquidity than the average trading market for many other
publicly traded insurance and other companies. An active trading market for our common stock may not develop or, if developed, may not be sustained. Thinly traded stocks can be more volatile than stock
trading in an active public market. Therefore, shareholders have very little liquidity and may not be able to sell their shares at the volume, prices and times that they desire.

There may be future issuances or resales of our common stock which may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Subject  to  any  required  state  insurance  regulatory  approvals,  we  are  not  restricted  from  issuing  additional  shares  of  our  common  stock  in  the  future,  including  securities  convertible  into,  or

exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of our common stock. Our issuance of additional shares of common stock in the future will dilute the ownership interests of our then existing shareholders.

We have an effective registration on Form S-3 under the Securities Act registering for resale 659,100 shares of our common stock and effective registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act
registering an aggregate of 700,000 shares of our common stock issuable under our 2005 Equity Participation Plan and an aggregate of 700,000 shares of our common stock issuable under our 2014 Equity
Participation Plan. Options to purchase 289,750 shares of our common stock are outstanding under the 2005 plan. Options to purchase 50,000 shares of our common stock are outstanding under the 2014
plan and 650,000 shares are reserved for issuance thereunder.  The shares subject to the registration statement on Form S-3 will be freely tradeable in the public market. In addition, the shares issuable
pursuant to the registration statements on Form S-8 will be freely tradable in the public market, except for shares held by affiliates.

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The sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of our common stock, whether directly by us or by our

existing shareholders in the secondary market, the perception that such issuances or resales could occur or the availability for future issuances or resale of shares of our common stock or securities
convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of our common stock could materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to raise capital through future
offerings of equity or equity-related securities on attractive terms or at all.

In addition, our board of directors is authorized to designate and issue preferred stock without further shareholder approval, and we may issue other equity and equity-related securities that are senior to our
common  stock  in  the  future  for  a  number  of  reasons,  including,  without  limitation,  to  support  operations  and  growth,  to  maintain  our  capital  ratios,  and  to  comply  with  any  future  changes  in  regulatory
standards.

Our executive officers and directors own a substantial number of shares of our common stock. This will enable them to significantly influence the vote on all matters submitted to a vote of our
shareholders.

As  of  March  15,  2016,  our  executive  officers  and  directors  beneficially  owned  1,880,990  shares  of  our  common  stock  (including  options  to  purchase  157,500  shares  of  our  common  stock),

representing 25.1% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.

Accordingly, our executive officers and directors, through their beneficial ownership of our common stock, will be able to significantly influence the vote on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders,
including the election of directors, amendments to our restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws, mergers or other business combination transactions and certain sales of assets
outside the usual and regular course of business. The interests of our executive officers and directors may not coincide with the interests of our other shareholders, and they could take actions that advance
their own interests to the detriment of our other shareholders.

Anti-takeover provisions and the regulations to which we may be subject may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, even if the change in control would be beneficial
to our shareholders.

We are a holding company incorporated in Delaware. Anti-takeover provisions in Delaware law and our restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as regulatory approvals required under state
insurance laws, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us and may prevent shareholders from receiving a premium for their shares of common stock. Our certificate of incorporation
provides that our board of directors may issue up to 2,500,000 shares of preferred stock, in one or more series, without shareholder approval and with such terms, preferences, rights and privileges as the
board of directors may deem appropriate. These provisions, the control of our executive officers and directors over the election of our directors, and other factors may hinder or prevent a change in control,
even if the change in control would be beneficial to, or sought by, our shareholders.

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ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK .

Not applicable.

ITEM 8.                      FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA .

The financial statements required by this Item 8 are included in this Annual Report following Item 15 hereof.  As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide supplementary financial

information.

ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON  ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE .

None.

ITEM 9A.                      CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) that are designed to assure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is
recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures.  Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2015.

This  Annual  Report  does  not  include  an  attestation  report  of  our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  regarding  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.    Management’s  report  was  not

subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit us to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial
reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by the board of directors, management, and other personnel, to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP including those policies and procedures that:
(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded
as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  GAAP  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  our  management  and
directors,  and  (iii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or  disposition  of  our  assets  that  could  have  a  material  effect  on  the  financial
statements.  

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 Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject

to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies and procedures may deteriorate.  

 Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in  Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)  issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting management concluded that our internal
control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2015.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control
over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B.                      OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

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ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE .

Executive Officers and Directors

PART III

The following table sets forth the positions and offices presently held by each of our current directors and executive officers and their ages:

Name

Barry B. Goldstein
Victor J. Brodsky
John D. Reiersen
Benjamin Walden
Floyd R. Tupper
Jay M. Haft
Jack D. Seibald

Barry B. Goldstein

Age

63
58
73
48
61
80
55

Positions and Offices Held

President, Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Executive Vice President, Kingstone Insurance Company
Senior Vice President and Chief Actuary, Kingstone Insurance Company
Secretary and Director
Director
Director

Mr. Goldstein has served as our President, Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board, and a director since March 2001.  He served as our Chief Financial Officer from March 2001 to November
2007  and  as  our  Treasurer  from  May  2001  to  August  2013.    Since  January  2006,  Mr.  Goldstein  has  served  as  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Kingstone  Insurance  Company  (“KICO”)  (formerly  known  as
Commercial Mutual Insurance Company), a New York property and casualty insurer, as well as Chairman of its Executive Committee.  Mr. Goldstein has served as Chief Investment Officer of KICO since
August 2008 and as its President and Chief Executive Officer since January 2012.  He was Treasurer of KICO from March 2010 through September 2010.  Effective July 1, 2009, we acquired a 100% equity
interest in KICO.  From April 1997 to December 2004, Mr. Goldstein served as President of AIA Acquisition Corp., which operated insurance agencies in Pennsylvania and which sold substantially all of its
assets to us in May 2003.  Mr. Goldstein received his B.A. and M.B.A. from State University of New York at Buffalo.  We believe that Mr. Goldstein’s extensive experience in the insurance industry, including
his service as Chairman of the Board of KICO since 2006 and as its Chief Investment Officer since 2008, give him the qualifications and skills to serve as one of our directors.

Victor J. Brodsky

Mr. Brodsky has served as our Chief Financial Officer since August 2009 and as our Treasurer since August 2013.  He served as our Chief Accounting Officer from August 2007 through July 2009,
as  our  Principal  Financial  Officer  for  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (“SEC”)  reporting  purposes  from  November  2007  through  July  2009  and  as  our  Secretary  from  December  2008  to  August
2013.    In  addition,  Mr.  Brodsky  has  served  as  a  director  of  KICO  since  February  2008,  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  KICO  since  September  2010  and  as  Senior  Vice  President  of  KICO  since  January
2012.    He  also  served  as  Treasurer  of  KICO  from  September  2010  through  December  2011.    Mr.  Brodsky  served  from  May  2008  through  March  15,  2010  as  Vice  President  of  Financial  Reporting  and
Principal Financial Officer for SEC reporting purposes of Vertical Branding Inc. Mr. Brodsky served as Chief Financial Officer of Vertical Branding from March 1998 through May 2008 and as a director of
Vertical Branding from May 2002 through November 2005.  He served as its Secretary from November 2005 through May 2008 and from April 2009 to March 15, 2010.  A receiver was appointed for the
business of Vertical Branding in February 2010.  Prior to joining Vertical Branding, Mr. Brodsky spent 16 years at the CPA firm of Michael & Adest in New York.  Mr. Brodsky earned a Bachelor of Business
Administration degree from Hofstra University, with a major in accounting, and is a licensed CPA in New York.

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John D. Reiersen

Mr. Reiersen served as President of KICO from 1999 to 2011 and as its Chief Executive Officer from 2001 to 2011.  Since January 2012, Mr. Reiersen has served as Executive Vice President of
KICO.    Mr.  Reiersen  served  for  25  years  with  the  New  York  State  Insurance  Department  ending  his  tenure  there  as  Chief  Examiner  in  the  Property  and  Casualty  Insurance  Bureau.    At  the  Insurance
Department, he was instrumental in the enactment of numerous statutes and regulations, including the automobile no-fault program, the photo inspection law, the Insurance Information and Enforcement
System program and many other cost-containment measures.  Mr. Reiersen was also instrumental in the enactment of many rules in the New York Automobile Insurance Plan.  He served as President of
the Eagle Insurance Group from 1990 to 2000.  Mr. Reiersen served as Chairman of the New York Insurance Association and has served and continues to serve on many insurance industry association
boards and committees.  He holds the professional designations of Chartered Property and Casualty Underwriter, Certified Financial Examiner and Certified Insurance Examiner.  Mr. Reiersen is a graduate
of Brooklyn College and holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Accounting.

Benjamin Walden

Mr.  Walden  has  served  as  Senior  Vice  President  of  KICO  since  January  2015  and  as  Chief  Actuary  of  KICO  since  December  2013.    From  December  2013  to  January  2015,  he  served  as  Vice
President of KICO.  From February 2010 to November 2013, Mr. Walden served as Chief Actuary for Interboro Insurance Company, a personal lines carrier.  From July 2008 to February 2010, Mr. Walden
was  President  of  Assigned  Risk  Consulting,  Inc.,  an  independent  actuarial  consulting  firm.  From  October  2001  to  April  2009,  he  served  as  Vice  President  and  Chief  Actuary  of  AutoOne  Insurance,  an
assigned risk servicing carrier.  Mr. Walden was also an actuarial consultant at Milliman, Inc., an independent provider of actuarial and consulting services, from January 1998 to October 2001.  Mr. Walden
has been a Fellow of the Casualty Actuarial Society since 1999 and holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mathematics from Villanova University.

Floyd R. Tupper

Mr. Tupper is a certified public accountant in New York City. For over 30 years, Mr. Tupper has counseled high-net worth individuals by creating tax planning strategies to achieve their goals as well
as those of their families. He has also helped small businesses by developing business strategies to meet their current and future needs. He began his career in public accounting with Ernst & Young LLP
prior to becoming self-employed. Mr. Tupper holds an M.B.A. in Taxation from the New York University Stern School of Business and a B.S. from New York University.  Mr. Tupper has served as a director
of KICO, and Chairman of its Audit Committee, since 2006. He also serves as a member of its Investment Committee. From 1990 until 2010, Mr. Tupper served as a Trustee of The Acorn School in New
York City. He was also a member of the school’s Executive Committee and served as its Treasurer from 1990 to 2010. Mr. Tupper is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and
the  New  York  State  Society  of  Certified  Public  Accountants.    He  has  served  as  one  of  our  directors  since  June  2014  and  as  our  Secretary  since  June  2015.    We  believe  that  Mr.  Tupper’s  accounting
experience, as well as his service on the Board of KICO since 2006 (including his service as Chairman of its Audit Committee), give him the qualifications and skills to serve as one of our directors.

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Jay M. Haft

Mr. Haft is currently a personal advisor to Victor Vekselberg, a Russian entrepreneur with considerable interests in oil, aluminum, utilities and other industries.  Mr. Haft is also a partner at Columbus
Nova,  the  U.S.-based  investment  and  operating  arm  of  Mr.  Vekselberg’s  Renova  Group  of  companies.    Mr.  Haft  is  also  a  strategic  and  financial  consultant  for  growth  stage  companies.    He  is  active  in
international corporate finance and mergers and acquisitions as well as in the representation of emerging growth companies.  Mr. Haft has extensive experience in the Russian market, in which he has
worked on growth strategies for companies looking to internationalize their business assets and enter international capital markets.  He has been a founder, consultant and/or director of numerous public and
private corporations, and served as Chairman of the Board of Dusa Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Mr. Haft serves on the Board of Neurotrope, Inc., SpA, the United States-Russian Business Counsel and The Link
of Times Foundation and is an advisor to Montezemolo & Partners.  He has been instrumental in strategic planning and fundraising for a variety of Internet and high-tech, leading edge medical technology
and  marketing  companies  over  the  years.    Mr.  Haft  is  counsel  to  Reed  Smith,  an  international  law  firm,  as  well  as  several  other  law  and  accounting  firms.    Mr.  Haft  is  a  past  member  of  the  Florida
Commission for Government Accountability to the People, a past national trustee and Treasurer of the Miami City Ballet, and a past Board member of the Concert Association of Florida.  He is also a past
trustee of Florida International University Foundation and previously served on the advisory board of the Wolfsonian Museum and Florida International University Law School.  Mr. Haft served as our Vice
Chairman of the Board from February 1999 until March 2001.  From October 1989 to February 1999, he served as our Chairman of the Board and he has served as one of our directors since 1989.  Mr. Haft
received B.A. and LL.B. degrees from Yale University.  We believe that Mr. Haft’s corporate finance, business consultation, legal and executive-level experience, as well as his service on the Board of KICO
since July 2009, give him the qualifications and skills to serve as one of our directors.

Jack D. Seibald

Mr. Seibald is Managing Director – Global Co-Head of Prime Brokerage Services of Cowen Prime Services, LLC. Mr. Seibald co-founded Concept Capital Markets, LLC  (“Concept Capital”) and, until
its acquisition by Cowen Group, Inc., served as a Managing Member of the firm. During his tenure with Concept Capital, Mr. Seibald was involved in the management of all aspects of the firm’s operations,
with a particular emphasis on business and client development and legal matters. Mr. Seibald also served as a member of the Board of Managers of Concept Capital Holdings, LLC, the former parent of
Concept  Capital,  Concept  Capital  Administration,  LLC,  which  provided  administrative  services  to  Concept  Capital  and  its  affiliates,  and  ConceptONE,  LLC,  which  provides  risk  and  performance  analytic
solutions, middle and back office support services, and regulatory reporting services to investment managers. Mr. Seibald had been affiliated with Concept Capital and its predecessors since 1995 and has
extensive experience in prime brokerage, investment management, and investment research dating back to 1983. From 1997 to 2005, Mr. Seibald was also a Managing Member of Whiteford Advisors, LLC,
an investment management firm, where as co-founder, he co-managed several pools of funds. He began his career at Oppenheimer & Co. as an equity analyst covering the retailing industry and has also
been affiliated with Salomon Brothers and Morgan Stanley & Co in similar positions. Mr. Seibald also operated The Seibald Report, Inc., an independent research firm specializing in the retailing sector. He
holds  an  M.B.A.  from  Hofstra  University  and  a  B.A.  from  George  Washington  University.  Mr. Seibald has served as one of our directors since 2004.  In January 2008, the Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority  (“FINRA”)  imposed  a  $100,000  fine  and  20-day  suspension  on  Mr.  Seibald  in  connection  with  the  settlement  of  a  FINRA  action  against  Sanders  Morris  Harris  Inc.  and  Mr.  Seibald,  among
others.  FINRA had found that Mr. Seibald had improperly received compensation from a profit pool derived, in part, from commissions on trading by a hedge fund for which he served as a manager.  We
believe that Mr. Seibald’s corporate finance and executive-level experience, as well as his service on the Board of KICO since 2006 (including his service as Chairman of its Investment Committee), give him
the qualifications and skills to serve as one of our directors.

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Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among any of our executive officers and directors.

Term of Office

Each director will hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier resignation or removal.  Each executive officer will hold

office until the initial meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier resignation or removal.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements.  The members of the Audit

Committee are Messrs. Tupper, Haft and Seibald.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Tupper is an “audit committee financial expert,” as that is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K  Mr. Tupper is an “independent director” based

on the definition of independence in Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) of The NASDAQ Stock Market.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16 of the Exchange Act requires that reports of beneficial ownership of common shares and changes in such ownership be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by Section 16
“reporting persons,” including directors, certain officers, holders of more than 10% of the outstanding common shares and certain trusts of which reporting persons are trustees.  We are required to disclose
in this Annual Report each reporting person whom we know to have failed to file any required reports under Section 16 on a timely basis during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.  To our knowledge,
based solely on a review of copies of Forms 3, 4 and 5 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and written representations that no other reports were required, during the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2015, our officers, directors and 10% stockholders complied with all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to them.

Code of Ethics; Officer and Director Trading Restrictions Policy

Our  Board  of  Directors  has  adopted  a  Code  of  Ethics  for  our  principal  executive  officer,  principal  financial  officer,  principal  accounting  officer  or  controller,  or  persons  performing  similar
functions.  Our Board of Directors has also adopted an Officer and Director Trading Restrictions Policy for our officers and directors as well as the officers and directors of KICO.  Copies of the Code of Ethics
and Officer and Director Trading Restrictions Policy are posted on our website, www.kingstonecompanies.com.  We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05(c) of Form 8-K regarding an
amendment to, or a waiver from, our Code of Ethics or Officer and Director Trading Restrictions Policy by posting such information on our website, www.kingstonecompanies.com.

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ITEM 11.                      EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION .

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth certain information concerning the compensation for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 for certain executive officers, including our Chief Executive

Officer:

Name and Principal Position

Barry B. Goldstein
Chief Executive
Officer

Victor J. Brodsky
Chief Financial
Officer

Benjamin Walden

Senior Vice President and
Chief Actuary, Kingstone
Insurance Company

Year

2015
2014

2015
2014

2015

2014

  $
  $

  $
  $

  $

  $

Salary

Bonus

Option Awards

575,000 
512,500 

  $
 $

280,400 
269,600 

 $
 $

235,000 

  $

210,000 

  $

- 
62,500 

14,377 
10,000 

- 

- 

 $
 $

 $
 $

 $

 $

93,719 
320,026 

- 
- 

- 

- 

 $
 $

 $
 $

 $

 $

Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation

All Other
Compensation

Total

514,970(1)  $
453,853(2)  $

36,723 
36,319 

  $
  $

1,220,412 
1,385,198 

33,521(3)  $
32,248(4)  $

20,041 
19,691 

  $
  $

348,339 
331,539 

40,044(3)  $

13,282 

  $

288,326 

36,160(4)  $

7,431 

  $

253,591 

(1)       Represents bonus compensation of $445,686 accrued pursuant to Mr. Goldstein’s employment agreement and paid in 2016, and $69,284 accrued pursuant to the KICO employee profit sharing plan
and paid in 2016.

(2)       Represents bonus compensation of $385,825 accrued pursuant to Mr. Goldstein’s employment agreement and paid in 2015, and $68,028 accrued pursuant to the KICO employee profit sharing plan
and paid in 2015.

(3)       Represents amounts accrued pursuant to the KICO employee profit sharing plan for 2015 and paid in 2016.

(4)       Represents amounts accrued pursuant to the KICO employee profit sharing plan for 2014 and paid in 2015.

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Employment Contracts

Mr.  Goldstein  is  employed  as  our  President,  Chairman  of  the  Board  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  pursuant  to  an  employment  agreement,  dated  October  16,  2007,  as  amended  (the  “Goldstein
Employment  Agreement”),  that  expires  on  December  31,  2016.    Pursuant  to  the  Goldstein  Employment  Agreement,  effective  July  1,  2014,  Mr.  Goldstein  is  entitled  to  receive  an  annual  base  salary  of
$575,000  (“Base  Salary”).    Mr.  Goldstein’s  annual  base  salary  had  been  $350,000  from  January  1,  2004  through  December  31,  2009,  $375,000  from  January  1,  2010  through  December  31,  2011  and
$450,000 from January 1, 2012 through June 30, 2014.  Effective July 1, 2014, Mr. Goldstein is entitled to receive an annual bonus equal to 6% of our consolidated income from operations before taxes, net
of our consolidated net investment income and net realized gains on sales of investments.  Through June 30, 2014, Mr. Goldstein was entitled to receive an annual bonus of up to 6% of our consolidated net
income.  In consideration of Mr. Goldstein entering into an amendment to his employment agreement in August 2014, we paid him a bonus in the amount of $62,500. He is also entitled to increases in the
Base  Salary  and  other  potential  additional  compensation  as  may  be  determined  from  time  to  time  by  the  Board  in  its  sole  discretion.    A  portion  of  the  Base  Salary  amount  payable  to  Mr.  Goldstein  is
contractually shared with KICO and the bonus payable to him by us is subject to reduction on a dollar-for-dollar basis to the extent of any bonus paid to him by KICO.  Since August 2008, Mr. Goldstein has
served  as  Chief  Investment  Officer  of  KICO.    Since  January  2012,  he  has  also  served  as  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  KICO.    See  “Termination  of  Employment  and  Change-in-Control
Arrangements.”

OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END

Name

Barry B. Goldstein
Victor J. Brodsky
Benjamin Walden

(1) Such options are exercisable to the extent of 62,500 shares effective as of each of August 12, 2016 and 2017.

(2) Such options are exercisable on August 29, 2016.

(3) Such options are exercisable on December 16, 2016.

Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements

Option Awards

Number of Securities
Underlying

Unexercised Options  
Exercisable

Number of Securities
Underlying

Unexercised Options  
Unexercisable

Option Exercise
Price

Option Expiration
Date

125,000 
15,000 
7,500 

125,000(1)  $
5,000(2)  $
2,500(3)  $

6.73 
5.09 
6.60 

08/12/19
08/29/18
12/16/18

Pursuant  to  the  Goldstein  Employment  Agreement  and  as  provided  for  in  his  prior  employment  agreement  which  expired  on  April  1,  2007,  Mr.  Goldstein  would  be  entitled,  under  certain
circumstances, to a payment equal to one and one-half times his then annual salary in the event of the termination of his employment following a change of control of Kingstone Companies, Inc.  Under such
circumstances,  Mr.  Goldstein’s  outstanding  options  would  become  exercisable  and  would  remain  exercisable  until  the  first  anniversary  of  the  termination  date.    In  addition,  in  the  event  Mr.  Goldstein’s
employment is terminated by us without cause or he resigns with good reason (each as defined in the Goldstein Employment Agreement), Mr. Goldstein would be entitled to receive his base salary and
bonuses from us for the remainder of the term, and his outstanding options would become exercisable and would remain exercisable until the first anniversary of the termination date.  In addition, in the
event Mr. Goldstein’s employment with KICO is terminated by KICO with or without cause, he would be entitled to receive a lump sum payment from KICO equal to six months base salary.

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Compensation of Directors

The following table sets forth certain information concerning the compensation of our directors for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015:

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Name

Michael R. Feinsod(1)

Jay M. Haft

Jack D. Seibald

Floyd R. Tupper

Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash

Stock Awards

Option Awards

Total

  $

  $

  $

  $

20,500 

43,875 

48,375 

50,375 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  $

- 

  $

- 

  $

- 

  $

20,500 

43,875 

48,375 

50,375 

(1)  Mr. Feinsod resigned as a director in June 2015.

Our non-employee directors are currently entitled to receive annual compensation for their services as directors as follows:

·
·
·

$43,000 (including $5,000 for services as a director of KICO)
an additional $6,000 for services as committee chair (and $1,500 for services as KICO committee chair)
2,000 shares of our common stock which vest in one-third increments over a three year period.

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ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND  MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

Security Ownership

The following table sets forth certain information as of March 15, 2016 regarding the beneficial ownership of our shares of common stock by (i) each person who we believe to be the beneficial owner
of  more  than  5%  of  our  outstanding  shares  of  common  stock,  (ii)  each  present  director,  (iii)  each  person  listed  in  the  Summary  Compensation  Table  under  “Executive  Compensation,”  and  (iv)  all  of  our
present executive officers and directors as a group.

Name and Address
of Beneficial Owner

Barry B. Goldstein
15 Joys Lane
Kingston, New York

Jack D. Seibald
1336 Boxwood Drive West
Hewlett Harbor, New York

Jay M. Haft
69 Beaver Dam Road
Salisbury, Connecticut

Floyd R. Tupper
220 East 57 th Street
New York,  New York

Victor J. Brodsky
15 Joys Lane
Kingston, New York

Benjamin Walden
11 Mill Pond Lane
Centerport, New York

Eidelman Virant Capital, Inc.
8000 Maryland Avenue, Suite 380
St. Louis, Missouri

Ronin Capital, LLC
350 N. Orleans Street, Suite 2N
Chicago, Illinois

Wedbush Opportunity Capital, LLC
Wedbush Opportunity Partners, LP
1000 Wilshire Boulevard
Los Angeles, California

All executive officers
and directors as a group
(7 persons)

*         Less than 1%.

Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned

Approximate
Percent of Class

   15.4 %

5.6%

2.3%

1.3%

*

*

6.7%

6.4%

6.2%

25.1%

 1,145,161
 (1)(2)

 408,147
 (1)(3)

 170,275
 (1)

 96,975
 (1)(4)

 26,408
 (1)(5)

 10,000
 (1)(6)

 492,227
 (7)

 471,166
 (7)

 454,051
 (7)(8)

 1,880,990
 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(9)

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(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

Based upon Schedule 13D filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and/or other information that is publicly available.

Includes (i) 35,000 shares held in retirement trusts for the benefit of Mr. Goldstein, (ii) 125,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of currently exercisable options and (iii) 144,161 shares owned
by Mr. Goldstein’s wife.  The inclusion of the shares owned by Mr. Goldstein’s wife shall not be construed as an admission that Mr. Goldstein is, for purposes of Section 13(d) or 13(g) of the
Exchange Act, the beneficial owner of such shares.

Pursuant to Schedule 13D filed under the Exchange Act, includes (i) 113,000 shares owned jointly by Mr. Seibald and his wife, Stephanie Seibald; (ii) 174,824 shares held in a retirement trust for
the benefit of Mr. Seibald; and (iii) 100,000 shares owned by SDS Partners I, Ltd. for which Mr. Seibald serves as a general partner.  Mr. Seibald has sole voting and dispositive power over 195,147
shares and shared voting and dispositive power over 213,000 shares.  The inclusion of shares that Mr. Seibald does not directly own shall not be deemed an admission that Mr. Seibald is, for
purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, the beneficial owner of such shares.

Includes (i) 26,592 shares held in a retirement trust for the benefit of Mr. Tupper and (ii) 43,200 shares owned by Mr. Tupper’s wife or a retirement trust for her benefit.  The inclusion of the shares
owned by Mr. Tupper’s wife and the retirement trust for her benefit shall not be construed as an admission that Mr. Tupper is, for purposes of Section 13(d) or 13(g) of the Exchange Act, the
beneficial owner of such shares.

Includes 15,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of currently exercisable options.

Represents shares issuable upon the exercise of currently exercisable options.

Based upon Schedule 13G, as amended, filed under the Exchange Act.

Pursuant to Schedule 13G: (i) Wedbush Opportunity Partners, L.P. (the “Fund”) and Wedbush Opportunity Capital, LLC (the “General Partner”), as the general partner of the Fund, each have sole
voting and dispositive power over 415,551 shares; (ii) the General Partner has shared voting and dispositive power over the remaining 38,500 shares; (iii) the 454,051 shares are held directly by
the Fund and accounts under management by the General Partner for the benefit of the Fund's investors; (iv) the 454,051 shares may be deemed to be indirectly beneficially owned by the General
Partner, as the general partner of the Fund; and (v) the General Partner disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares owned by the Fund, except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein.

(9)

Includes 7,500 shares issuable upon the exercise of currently exercisable options.

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Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The  following  table  sets  forth  information  as  of  December  31,  2015  with  respect  to  compensation  plans  (including  individual  compensation  arrangements)  under  which  our  common  shares  are

authorized for issuance, aggregated as follows:

·  
·  

All compensation plans previously approved by security holders; and
All compensation plans not previously approved by security holders.

EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

Total

72

Number of securities to
be issued upon
exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and
rights

Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

(a)

(b)

339,750 

  $

- 

  $

339,750 

6.34 

- 

Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column (a))

(c)

650,000 

- 

650,000 

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE .

Director Independence

Board of Directors

Our  Board  of  Directors  is  currently  comprised  of  Barry  B.  Goldstein,  Jay  M.  Haft,  Jack  D.  Seibald  and  Floyd  R.  Tupper.    Each  of  Messrs.  Haft,  Seibald  and  Tupper  is  currently  an  “independent

director” based on the definition of independence in Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) of The NASDAQ Stock Market.

Audit Committee

The members of our Board’s Audit Committee currently are Messrs. Tupper, Haft and Seibald, each of whom is an “independent director” based on the definition of independence in Listing Rule

5605(a)(2) of The NASDAQ Stock Market and Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the Exchange Act.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The members of our Board’s Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee currently are Messrs. Haft, Seibald and Tupper, each of whom is an “independent director” based on the definition of

independence in Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) of The NASDAQ Stock Market.

Compensation Committee

The members of our Board’s Compensation Committee currently are Messrs. Seibald, Haft and Tupper, each of whom is an “independent director” based on the definition of independence in Listing

Rule 5605(a)(2) of The NASDAQ Stock Market.

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES .

The following is a summary of the fees billed to us by Marcum LLP, our independent auditors, for professional services rendered for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Fee Category

Fiscal 2015 Fees

Fiscal 2014 Fees

Audit Fees(1)
Audit-Related Fees(2)
Tax Fees(3)
All Other Fees(4)

  $
 $
 $
 $
 $

203,749 
- 
5,379 
- 
209,128 

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

192,318 
- 
43,085 
- 
235,403 

(1)

(2)

Audit  Fees  consist  of  fees  billed  for  services  rendered  for  the  audit  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements  and  review  of  our  condensed  consolidated  financial  statements  included  in  our
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, services rendered in connection with the filing of Form S-8 and services provided in connection with other statutory or regulatory filings.

Audit-Related Fees consist of aggregate fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are
not reported under “Audit Fees.”

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(3)

(4)

Tax  Fees  consist  of  fees  billed  by  our  independent  auditors  for  professional  services  related  to  preparation  of  our  2013  U.S.  federal  and  state  income  tax  returns,  representation  for  the
examination of our 2011 and 2012 federal tax returns, and tax advice.

All Other Fees consist of aggregate fees billed for products and services provided by our independent auditors, other than those disclosed above.

The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  the  appointment,  compensation  and  oversight  of  the  work  of  the  independent  auditors  and  approves  in  advance  any  services  to  be  performed  by  the
independent  auditors,  whether  audit-related  or  not.    The  Audit  Committee  reviews  each  proposed  engagement  to  determine  whether  the  provision  of  services  is  compatible  with  maintaining  the
independence of the independent auditors.  Substantially all of the fees shown above were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.

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ITEM 15.                   EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES .

Exhibit
Number

Description of Exhibit

PART IV

3(a)

3(b)

10(a)

10(b)

10(c)

10(d)

10(e)

10(f)

10(g)

10(h)

10(i)

10(j)

10(k)

10(l)

Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (1)

By-laws, as amended (2)

2005 Equity Participation Plan (3)

2014 Equity Participation Plan (4)

Employment Agreement, dated as of October 16, 2007, between DCAP Group, Inc. and  Barry B. Goldstein (5)

Amendment No. 1, dated as of August 25, 2008, to Employment Agreement between DCAP Group, Inc. and Barry B. Goldstein (6)

Amendment No. 2, dated as of March 24, 2010, to Employment Agreement between Kingstone Companies, Inc. (formerly DCAP Group, Inc.) and Barry B. Goldstein (7)

Amendment No. 3, dated as of May 10, 2011, to Employment Agreement between Kingstone Companies, Inc. (formerly DCAP Group, Inc.) and Barry B. Goldstein (8)

Amendment No. 4, dated as of April 16, 2012, to Employment Agreement between Kingstone Companies, Inc. (formerly DCAP Group, Inc.) and Barry B. Goldstein (9)

Amendment No. 5, dated as of August 12, 2014, to Employment Agreement between Kingstone Companies, Inc. (formerly DCAP Group, Inc.) and Barry B. Goldstein (4)

Employment Agreement, dated as of May 10, 2011, between Kingstone Insurance Company and Barry B. Goldstein (8)

Amendment No. 1, dated as of May 14, 2012, to Employment Agreement between  Kingstone Insurance Company and Barry B. Goldstein (10)

Employment Contract, dated as of September 13, 2006, between Commercial Mutual Insurance Company and Successor Companies and John D. Reiersen (11)

Amendment No. 1, dated as of January 25, 2008, to Employment Contract between Commercial Mutual Insurance Company and Successor Companies and John D. Reiersen (11)

10(m)

Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 18, 2008, to Employment Contract between Commercial Mutual Insurance Company and Successor Companies and John D. Reiersen (11)

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10(n)

10(o)

10(p)

10(q)

14(a)

14(b)

21

23

31(a)

31(b)

32

Amendment  No.  3,  dated  as  of  February  28,  2011,  to  Employment  Contract  between  Kingstone  Insurance  Company  (as  successor  in  interest  to  Commercial  Mutual  Insurance
Company) and John D. Reiersen (12)

Amendment  No.  4,  dated  as  of  October  14,  2013,  to  Employment  Contract  between  Kingstone  Insurance  Company  (as  successor  in  interest  to  Commercial  Mutual  Insurance
Company) and John D. Reiersen (13)

Stock Option Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2014, between Kingstone Companies, Inc. and Barry B. Goldstein (2005 Equity Participation Plan) (4)

Stock Option Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2014, between Kingstone Companies, Inc. and Barry B. Goldstein (2014 Equity Participation Plan) (4)

Code of Ethics (3)

Officer and Director Trading Restrictions Policy (3)

Subsidiaries (10)

Consent of Marcum LLP

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS

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101.SCH  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.

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101.CAL   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.

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101.DEF   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase.

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101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase.

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101.PRE  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase.

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(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated November 5, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated August 12, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated October 16, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated March 24, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated May 10, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated April 16, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes document filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated February 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

Denotes  document  filed  as  an  exhibit  to  our  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  October  15,  2013  and  incorporated  herein  by
reference.

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Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly

SIGNATURES

authorized.

Dated: March 24, 2016

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC.

By:

/s/ Barry B. Goldstein

Barry B. Goldstein
Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates

indicated.

/s/ Barry B. Goldstein
Barry B. Goldstein

/s/ Victor J. Brodsky
Victor J. Brodsky

________________
Jay M. Haft

/s/ Floyd R. Tupper
Floyd R. Tupper

/s/ Jack D. Seibald
Jack D. Seibald

Signature

Capacity

Date

President, Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

March 24, 2016

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

78

March 24, 2016

March 24, 2016

March 24, 2016

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of  Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of  Income and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-1

Page
F-2
F-3
F-4
F-5
F-6
F-7

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Audit Committee of the
Board of Directors and Shareholders
of Kingstone Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Kingstone  Companies,  Inc.  and  Subsidiaries  (the  “Company”)  as  of   December  31,  2015  and  2014,  and  the  related  consolidated
statements  of  income  and  comprehensive  income,  changes  in  stockholders’  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the  years  then  ended.    These  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States).    Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audits  to  obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over
financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements,  assessing  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  financial
statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of  Kingstone Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries, as of  December 31, 2015 and 2014, and
the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ Marcum LLP

Marcum LLP
Melville, NY
March 24, 2016

F-2

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets

 Assets

 Fixed-maturity securities, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of

 $5,241,095 at December 31, 2015 and $5,395,054 at December 31, 2014)

 Fixed-maturity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of

 $62,221,129 at December 31, 2015 and $50,083,441 at December 31, 2014)

 Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost of $8,751,537
 at  December 31, 2015 and $7,621,309 at December 31, 2014)
 Total investments

 Cash and cash equivalents
 Premiums receivable, net
 Receivables - reinsurance contracts
 Reinsurance receivables, net
 Deferred policy acquisition costs
 Intangible assets, net
 Property and equipment, net
 Other assets

 Total asset s

 Liabilities

 Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves
 Unearned premiums
 Advance premiums
 Reinsurance balances payable
 Deferred ceding commission revenue
 Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
 Income taxes payable
 Deferred income taxes

 Total liabilities

 Commitments and Contingencies

 Stockholders' Equity

 Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized 2,500,000 shares
 Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized 20,000,000 shares; issued 8,289,606 shares

 at December 31, 2015 and 8,235,095 shares at December 31, 2014; outstanding
 7,328,637 shares at December 31, 2015 and 7,308,757 shares at December 31, 2014

 Capital in excess of par
 Accumulated other comprehensive income
 Retained earnings

 Treasury stock, at cost, 960,969 shares at December 31, 2015 and 926,338 shares

 at December 31, 2014

 Total stockholders' equity

 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

F-3

 KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

December 31,

December 31,

2015

2014

 $

5,138,872 

 $

5,128,735 

62,502,064 

51,120,859 

9,204,270 
76,845,206 
13,551,372 
10,621,655 
- 
31,270,235 
10,835,306 
1,757,816 
3,152,266 
1,095,894 
149,129,750 

39,876,500 
48,890,241 
1,199,376 
1,688,922 
6,435,068 
4,826,603 
263,622 
672,190 

103,852,522 

 $

 $

8,017,729 
64,267,323 
9,906,878 
8,946,899 
1,301,549 
35,575,276 
8,985,981 
2,233,530 
2,448,042 
1,330,944 
134,996,422 

39,912,683 
40,458,041 
1,006,582 
2,096,363 
5,956,540 
3,928,137 
- 
1,137,180 

94,495,526 

 $

 $

- 

- 

82,896 
32,987,082 
484,220 
13,605,225 
47,159,423 

(1,882,195)

45,277,228 

82,351 
32,873,383 
946,332 
8,203,003 
42,105,069 

(1,604,173)

40,500,896 

 $

149,129,750 

 $

134,996,422 

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

Years ended December 31,

 Revenues

 Net premiums earned
 Ceding commission revenue
 Net investment income
 Net realized (losses) gains on sales of investments
 Other income

 Total revenues

 Expenses

 Loss and loss adjustment expenses
 Commission expense
 Other underwriting expenses
 Other operating expenses
 Depreciation and amortization

 Total expenses

 Income from operations before taxes
 Income tax expense

 Net income

 Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

 Gross change in unrealized gains (losses)

 on available-for-sale-securities

 Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses

 included in net income

 Net change in unrealized gains (losses)

 Income tax benefit (expense) related to items

 of other comprehensive income (loss)

 Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

 Comprehensive income

Earnings per common share:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average common shares outstanding

Basic

Diluted

Dividends declared and paid per common share

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

F-4

2015

2014

 $

 $

48,612,082 
11,473,117 
2,563,890 
(50,546)
1,577,191 
64,175,734 

23,180,000 
15,317,140 
12,833,391 
1,504,121 
1,032,009 
53,866,661 

10,309,073 
3,349,453 

6,959,620 

32,628,484 
13,910,111 
1,799,768 
707,027 
1,006,102 
50,051,492 

17,032,188 
12,125,328 
10,656,265 
1,487,345 
874,907 
42,176,033 

7,875,459 
2,547,040 

5,328,419 

(750,716)

1,678,410 

50,546 
(700,170)

238,058 

(462,112)

(707,027)
971,383 

(330,270)

641,113 

6,497,508 

 $

5,969,532 

0.95 

0.94 

 $

 $

0.73 

0.72 

 $

 $

 $

7,331,114 

7,377,880 

7,287,657 

7,356,962 

 $

0.2125 

 $

0.1800 

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity
Years ended Decemebr 31, 2015 and 2014

Preferred Stock

Common Stock

Capital
in Excess

Shares
   8,186,031 
- 

Amount

 $

81,860 
- 

of Par
 $ 32,692,568 
171,876 

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive  

Income (Loss)

 $

305,219 
- 

 $

Retained

Earnings
4,187,209 
- 

Treasury Stock

Shares
919,458 
- 

Amount
 $ (1,557,445)
- 

Total
 $ 35,709,411 
171,876 

Balance, January 1, 2014
Stock-based compensation
Shares deducted from exercise of
stock options for payment of
withholding taxes

Excess tax benefit from exercise of

stock options

Exercise of stock options
Acquisition of treasury stock
Dividends
Net income
Change in unrealized gains on

available-for-sale securities, net of
tax

Balance, December 31, 2014
Stock-based compensation
Shares deducted from exercise of
stock options for payment of
withholding taxes

Excess tax benefit from exercise of

stock options

Exercise of stock options
Acquisition of treasury stock
Dividends
Net income
Change in unrealized losses on

available-for-sale securities, net of
tax

Balance, December 31, 2015

Shares

Amount

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

 $

 $

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

(17,165)

(172)

(133,246)

- 
66,229 
- 
- 
- 

- 
663 
- 
- 
- 

136,971 
5,214 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

(133,418)

- 
- 
- 
(1,312,625)
5,328,419 

- 
- 
6,880 
- 
- 

- 
- 
(46,728)
- 
- 

136,971 
5,877 
(46,728)
(1,312,625)
5,328,419 

- 
   8,235,095 
- 

- 
82,351 
- 

- 
   32,873,383 
134,185 

641,113 
946,332 
- 

- 
8,203,003 
- 

- 
926,338 
- 

- 
   (1,604,173)
- 

641,113 
   40,500,896 
134,185 

(30,755)

(308)

(243,354)

- 
85,266 
- 
- 
- 

- 
853 
- 
- 
- 

223,721 
(853)
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

(243,662)

- 
- 
- 
(1,557,398)
6,959,620 

- 
- 
34,631 
- 
- 

- 
- 
(278,022)
- 
- 

223,721 
- 
(278,022)
(1,557,398)
6,959,620 

- 
   8,289,606 

 $

- 
82,896 

- 
 $ 32,987,082 

 $

(462,112)
484,220 

- 
 $ 13,605,225 

- 
960,969 

- 
 $ (1,882,195)

(462,112)
 $ 45,277,228 

F-5

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Years ended December 31,

 Cash flows provided by operating activities :
 Net income
 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows provided by operating activities:

 Net realized losses (gains) on sale of investments
 Depreciation and amortization
 Amortization of bond premium, net
 Stock-based compensation
 Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options
 Deferred income tax expense

 (Increase) decrease in operating assets:

 Premiums receivable, net
 Receivables - reinsurance contracts
 Reinsurance receivables, net
 Deferred policy acquisition costs
 Other assets

 Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:

 Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves
 Unearned premiums
 Advance premiums
 Reinsurance balances payable
 Deferred ceding commission revenue
 Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 Net cash flows provided by operating activities

 Cash flows used in investing activities :
 Purchase - fixed-maturity securities held-to-maturity
 Purchase - fixed-maturity securities available-for-sale
 Purchase - equity securities available-for-sale
 Sale or maturity - fixed-maturity securities available-for-sale
 Sale - equity securities available-for-sale
 Acquisition of fixed assets
 Recovery of loss from failed bank
 Other investing activities
 Net cash flows used in investing activitie s

 Cash flows used in financing activities :
 Proceeds from exercise of stock options
 Withholding taxes paid on net exercise of stock options
 Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options
 Purchase of treasury stock
 Dividends paid
 Net cash flows used in financing activitie s

 Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
 Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
 Cash paid for income taxes
 Cash paid for interest

 Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
 Value of shares deducted from exercise of stock options for payment of withholding taxes

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

F-6

 KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

2015

2014

  $

6,959,620 

  $

5,328,419 

50,546 
1,032,009 
323,773 
134,185 
(223,721)
(226,932)

(1,674,756)  
1,301,549 
4,305,041 
(1,849,325)
224,211 

(36,183)
8,432,200 
192,794 
(407,441)
478,528 
1,385,809 
20,401,907 

- 
(19,152,457)
(3,766,972)
6,577,943 
2,689,113 
(1,260,519)
- 
10,840 

(14,902,052)

- 
(243,662)
223,721 
(278,022)
(1,557,398)

(1,855,361)

(707,027)
874,907 
260,996 
171,876 
(136,971)
113,823 

(1,356,825)
(326,560)
1,985,549 
(2,125,718)
273,481 

5,409,454 
8,122,427 
230,483 
(470,366)
(1,027,626)
712,650 
17,332,972 

(2,715,540)
(28,826,537)
(8,520,581)
6,823,015 
7,970,324 
(808,480)
51,587 
27,535 

(25,998,677)

5,877 
(133,418)
136,971 
(46,728)
(1,312,625)

(1,349,923)

  $

 $

 $
 $

 $

3,644,494 
9,906,878 

  $

13,551,372 

 $

(10,015,628)
19,922,506 

9,906,878 

3,596,754 
- 

 $
 $

2,555,400 
- 

243,662 

 $

133,418 

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

Note 1 - Nature of Business

Kingstone Companies, Inc. (referred to herein as "Kingstone" or the “Company”), through its wholly owned subsidiary, Kingstone Insurance Company (“KICO”), underwrites property and casualty insurance
to  small  businesses  and  individuals  exclusively  through  independent  agents  and  brokers.  KICO  is  a  licensed  insurance  company  in  the  States  of  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Connecticut,  Pennsylvania  and
Texas; however, KICO writes substantially all of its business in New York.  Through March 31, 2015, Kingstone, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Payments Inc., a licensed premium finance company in
the State of New York, received fees for placing contracts with a third party licensed premium finance company (see Note 19 – Premium Finance Placement Fees).

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements consist of Kingstone and its wholly owned subsidiaries; (1) KICO and its wholly owned subsidiaries, CMIC Properties, Inc. (“Properties”) and 15 Joys Lane, LLC (“15
Joys Lane”), which together own the land and building from which KICO operates, and (2) Payments Inc. All significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue Recognition

Net Premiums Earned

Insurance  policies  issued  by  the  Company  are  short-duration  contracts.  Accordingly,  premium  revenues,  net  of  premiums  ceded  to  reinsurers,  are  recognized  as  earned  in  proportion  to  the  amount  of
insurance protection provided, on a pro-rata basis over the terms of the underlying policies. Unearned premiums represent premiums applicable to the unexpired portions of in-force insurance contracts at
the end of each year.

Ceding Commission Revenue

Commissions on reinsurance premiums ceded are earned in a manner consistent with the recognition of the costs of the reinsurance, generally on a pro-rata basis over the terms of the policies reinsured.
Unearned  amounts  are  recorded  as  deferred  ceding  commission  revenue.  Certain  reinsurance  agreements  contain  provisions  whereby  the  ceding  commission  rates  vary  based  on  the  loss  experience
under  the  agreements.  The  Company  records  ceding  commission  revenue  based  on  its  current  estimate  of  subject  losses.  The  Company  records  adjustments  to  the  ceding  commission  revenue  in  the
period that changes in the estimated losses are determined.

Premium Finance Placement Fees

Premium finance placement fees are earned in the period when the contracts are placed with the third party premium finance company. Premium finance placement fees are included in “Other income” in
the accompanying consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (see Note 19 – Premium Finance Placement Fees).

F-7

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014 AND 2013

Liability for Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses (“LAE”)

The liability for loss and LAE represents management’s best estimate of the ultimate cost of all reported and unreported losses that are unpaid as of the balance sheet date. The liability for losses and LAE is
estimated on an undiscounted basis, using individual case-basis valuations, statistical analyses and various actuarial reserving methodologies. The projection of future claim payment and reporting is based
on an analysis of the Company’s historical experience, supplemented by analyses of industry loss data. Management believes that the reserves for loss and LAE are adequate to cover the ultimate cost of
losses  and  claims  to  date;  however,  because  of  the  uncertainty  from  various  sources,  including  changes  in  reporting  patterns,  claims  settlement  patterns,  judicial  decisions,  legislation,  and  economic
conditions, actual loss experience may not conform to the assumptions used in determining the estimated amounts for such liability at the balance sheet date. Adjustments to these estimates are reflected in
expense for the period in which the estimates are changed. Because of the nature of the business historically written, management believes that the Company has limited exposure to environmental claim
liabilities. The Company recognizes recoveries from salvage and subrogation when received.

Reinsurance

In the normal course of business, the Company seeks to reduce the loss that may arise from catastrophes or other events that cause unfavorable underwriting results by reinsuring certain levels of risk in
various areas of exposure with other insurance enterprises or reinsurers.

Reinsurance  receivables  represents  management’s  best  estimate  of  paid  and  unpaid  loss  and  LAE  recoverable  from  reinsurers,  and  ceded  losses  receivable  and  unearned  ceded  premiums  under
reinsurance  agreements.  Ceded  losses  receivable  are  estimated  using  techniques  and  assumptions  consistent  with  those  used  in  estimating  the  liability  for  loss  and  LAE.  Management  believes  that
reinsurance receivables as recorded represent its best estimate of such amounts; however, as changes in the estimated ultimate liability for loss and LAE are determined, the estimated ultimate amount
receivable from the reinsurers will also change. Accordingly, the ultimate receivable could be significantly in excess of or less than the amount recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Adjustments
to these estimates are reflected in expense for the period in which the estimates are changed. Loss and LAE incurred as presented in the consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income are
net of reinsurance recoveries.

Management has evaluated its reinsurance arrangements and determined that significant insurance risk is transferred to the reinsurers. Reinsurance agreements have been determined to be short-duration
prospective contracts and, accordingly, the costs of the reinsurance are recognized over the life of the contract in a manner consistent with the earning of premiums on the underlying policies subject to the
reinsurance contract.

Management estimates uncollectible amounts receivable from reinsurers based on an assessment of factors including the creditworthiness of the reinsurers and the adequacy of collateral obtained, where
applicable. There was no allowance for uncollectible reinsurance as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Company did not expense any uncollectible reinsurance for the years ended December 31, 2015
and  2014.  Significant  uncertainties  are  inherent  in  the  assessment  of  the  creditworthiness  of  reinsurers  and  estimates  of  any  uncollectible  amounts  due  from  reinsurers.  Any  change  in  the  ability  of  the
Company’s reinsurers to meet their contractual obligations could have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements as well as KICO’s ability to meet its regulatory capital and surplus
requirements.

F-8

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are presented at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
The Company maintains its cash balances at several financial institutions. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) secures accounts up to $250,000 at these institutions.

Investments

The Company classifies its fixed-maturity securities as either held-to- maturity or available-for-sale and its equity securities as available-for-sale. The Company may sell its available-for-sale securities in
response  to  changes  in  interest  rates,  risk/reward  characteristics,  liquidity  needs  or  other  factors.  Fixed-maturity  securities  that  the  Company  has  the  specific  intent  and  ability  to  hold  until  maturity  are
classified as such and carried at amortized cost.

Available-for-sale securities are reported at their estimated fair values based on quoted market prices from a recognized pricing service, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax effects, reported as a
separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses are determined on the specific identification method and recognized in the consolidated
statements of income and comprehensive income.

Investment income is accrued to the date of the consolidated financial statements and includes amortization of premium and accretion of discount on fixed-maturities. Interest is recognized when earned,
while dividends are recognized when declared. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, due and accrued investment income was $694,239 and $644,061, respectively, and is included in other assets on the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Premiums Receivable

Premiums receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $231,000 and $127,000 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The allowance for uncollectible
amounts  is  based  on  an  analysis  of  amounts  receivable  giving  consideration  to  historical  loss  experience  and  current  economic  conditions  and  reflects  an  amount  that,  in  management’s  judgment,  is
adequate. Uncollectible premiums receivable balances of approximately $72,000 and $146,000 were written off for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

Deferred policy acquisition costs represent the costs of writing business that vary with, and are primarily related to, the successful production of insurance business (principally commissions, premium taxes
and certain underwriting salaries). Policy acquisition costs are deferred and recognized as expense as related premiums are earned.

F-9

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Intangible Assets

The Company has recorded acquired identifiable intangible assets. The cost of a group of assets acquired in a transaction is allocated to the individual assets including identifiable intangible assets based on
their relative fair values. Identifiable intangible assets with a finite useful life are amortized over the period that the asset is expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the future cash flows of the Company.
Intangible  assets  with  an  indefinite  life  are  not  amortized,  but  are  subject  to  annual  impairment  testing.  All  identifiable  intangible  assets  are  tested  for  recoverability  whenever  events  or  changes  in
circumstances indicate that a carrying amount may not be recoverable. Based on the results of the Company’s annual impairment testing, no impairment losses from intangible assets were recognized for
the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Property and Equipment

Building  and  building  improvements,  furniture,  computer  equipment,  and  software  are  reported  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation.  Depreciation  is  provided  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the
estimated useful lives of the assets. The Company estimates the useful life for computer equipment, computer software, automobile, furniture and other equipment is three years, and building and building
improvements is 39 years.

The  Company  reviews  its  real  estate  assets  used  as  its  headquarters  to  evaluate  the  necessity  of  recording  impairment  losses  for  market  changes  due  to  declines  in  the  fair  value  of  the  property.  In
evaluating potential impairment, management considers the current estimated fair value compared to the carrying value of the asset. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the fair value of the real estate assets
is estimated to be in excess of the carrying value.

Income Taxes

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement  carrying  amounts  of  existing  assets  and  liabilities  and  their
respective tax basis and for operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which
those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment
date. The Company files a consolidated tax return with its subsidiaries. At December 31, 2015, the Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits and no adjustments to liabilities or operations were
required.

Assessments

Insurance  related  assessments  are  accrued  in  the  period  in  which  they  have  been  incurred.  A  typical  obligating  event  would  be  the  issuance  of  an  insurance  policy  or  the  occurrence  of  a  claim.  The
Company is subject to a variety of assessments.

Concentration and Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk are primarily cash and cash equivalents, investments, and premium and reinsurance receivables. Investments are
diversified through many industries and geographic regions based upon KICO’s Investment Committee’s guidelines, which employs different investment strategies. The Company believes that no significant
concentration of credit risk exists with respect to investments. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had cash deposits in excess of the FDIC secured limit of $250,000 per account at financial
institutions of approximately $15,021,000 and $6,041,000, respectively. Cash equivalents are not insured by the FDIC.

F-10

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had deposits of cash equivalents as follows:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

 Collateralized bank repurchase agreement (1)
 Money market fund
 Total

December 31,

December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

3,992,509 
7,505,531 
11,498,040 

 $

 $

1,130,154 
4,288,876 
5,419,030 

(1)  The  Company  has  a  security  interest  in  certain  of  the  bank's  holdings  of  direct  obligations  of  the  United  States  or  one  or  more  agencies  thereof.  The  collateral  is  held  in  a  hold-in-custody
arrangement with a third party who maintains physical possession of the collateral on behalf of the bank.

At December 31, 2015, the outstanding premiums receivable balance is generally diversified due to the number of insureds comprising the Company’s customer base, which is largely concentrated in the
area of New York City and adjacent Long Island. The Company also has receivables from its reinsurers. Reinsurance contracts do not relieve the Company from its obligations to policyholders. Failure of
reinsurers to honor their obligations could result in losses to the Company. The Company periodically evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers to minimize its exposure to significant losses from
reinsurer insolvencies. See Note 7 for reinsurance recoverables on unpaid and paid losses by reinsurer. Management’s policy is to review all outstanding receivables at period end as well as the bad debt
write-offs experienced in the past and establish an allowance for doubtful accounts, if deemed necessary.

Direct premiums earned from lines of business that subject the Company to concentration risk for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 Personal Lines
 Commercial Lines
 Total premiums earned subject to concentration
 Premiums earned not subject to concentration
 Total premiums earned

Use of Estimates

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

75.4%   
13.6%   
89.0%   
11.0%   
100.0%   

73.3%
15.3%
88.6%
11.4%
100.0%

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates and assumptions, which
include the reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses, are subject to considerable estimation error due to the inherent uncertainty in projecting ultimate claim amounts that will be reported and settled
over  a  period  of  several  years.  In  addition,  estimates  and  assumptions  associated  with  receivables  under  reinsurance  contracts  related  to  contingent  ceding  commission  revenue  require  considerable
judgment  by  management.  On  an  on-going  basis,  management  reevaluates  its  assumptions  and  the  methods  of  calculating  its  estimates.  Actual  results  may  differ  significantly  from  the  estimates  and
assumptions used in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

F-11

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share
reflect, in periods in which they have a dilutive effect, the impact of common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options.  The computation of diluted earnings per share excludes those with an exercise
price in excess of the average market price of the Company’s common shares during the periods presented.

Advertising Costs

Advertising  costs  are  charged  to  operations  when  the  advertising  first  takes  place.  Included  in  other  underwriting  expenses  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  income  and  comprehensive
income are advertising costs approximating $75,000 and $71,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Stock-based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense in 2015 and 2014 is the estimated fair value of options granted amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire portion of the award less
an estimate for anticipated forfeitures. The Company uses the “simplified” method to estimate the expected term of the options because the Company’s historical share option exercise experience does not
provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income refers to revenue, expenses, gains and losses that are included in comprehensive income but are excluded from net income as these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment
to stockholders' equity, primarily from changes in unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale securities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-08, “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and
Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. This ASU revised guidance to only allow disposals of components of an entity that
represent a strategic shift (e.g., disposal of a major geographical area, a major line of business, a major equity method investment, or other major parts of an entity) and that have a major effect on a reporting
entity’s operations and financial results to be reported as discontinued operations. The revised guidance also requires expanded disclosure in the financial statements for discontinued operations as well as
for disposals of significant components of an entity that do not qualify for discontinued operations presentation. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2015 and it did not have any effect on the
Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

F-12

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

In May 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to reflect the transfer of
goods  and  services  to  customers  in  an  amount  equal  to  the  consideration  the  entity  receives  or  expects  to  receive.  The  guidance  will  be  effective  for  the  Company  for  reporting  periods  beginning  after
December 15, 2016. The Company will apply the guidance using a modified retrospective approach. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.

In May 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-09, Financial Services – Insurance (Topic 944): Disclosures About Short-Duration Contracts.” The updated accounting guidance requires expanded disclosures for
insurance entities that issue short-duration contracts. The expanded disclosures are designed to provide additional insight into an insurance entity’s ability to underwrite and anticipate costs associated with
insurance claims. The disclosures include information about incurred and paid claims development by accident year, on a net basis after reinsurance, for the number of years claims incurred typically remain
outstanding, not to exceed ten years. Each period presented in the disclosure about claims development that precedes the current reporting period is considered required supplementary information. The
expanded disclosures also include information about significant changes in methodologies and assumptions, a reconciliation of incurred and paid claims development to the carrying amount of the liability for
unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses, the total amount of incurred but not reported liabilities plus expected development, claims frequency information including the methodology used to determine
claim frequency and any changes to that methodology, and claim duration. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods beginning after December
15, 2016, and is to be applied retrospectively. The new guidance affects disclosures only and will have no impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

In January of 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments  – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.”  The updated accounting
guidance requires changes to the reporting model for financial instruments.  The primary change for the Company is expected to be the requirement for equity investments (except those accounted for under
the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.  The updated guidance is effective for
fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2017,  including  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.    The  Company  is  currently  evaluating  the  effect  the  updated  guidance  will  have  on  its  consolidated
financial statements.

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases” (Topic 842). Under this ASU, lessees will recognize a right-of-use asset and corresponding liability on the balance sheet for all leases, except for
leases covering a period of fewer than 12 months. The liability is to be measured as the present value of the future minimum lease payments taking into account renewal options if applicable plus initial
incremental  direct  costs  such  as  commissions.  The  minimum  payments  are  discounted  using  the  rate  implicit  in  the  lease  or,  if  not  known,  the  lessee’s  incremental  borrowing  rate.  The  lessee’s  income
statement treatment for leases will vary depending on the nature of what is being leased. A financing type lease is present when, among other matters, the asset is being leased for a substantial portion of its
economic life or has an end-of-term title transfer or a bargain purchase option as in today’s practice. The payment of the liability set up for such leases will be apportioned between interest and principal; the
right-of use asset will be generally amortized on a straight-line basis. If the lease does not qualify as a financing type lease, it will be accounted for on the income statement as rent on a straight-line basis.
The guidance will be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company will apply the guidance using a modified retrospective approach. Early  application  is
permitted. The Company is evaluating whether the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have a significant impact on its consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

The Company has determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows, or do not
apply to its operations.

F-13

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Note 3 - Investments 

Available-for-Sale Securities

The amortized cost and fair value of investments in available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities and equity securities as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 are summarized as follows:

 Category

Fixed-Maturity Securities:

Political subdivisions of States, Territories and
Possessions

Cost or
Amortized

Cost

Gross
Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Fair

Value

Net
Unrealized
Gains/

(Losses)

December 31, 2015

 $

12,139,793 

 $

431,194 

 $

(15,889)

 $

- 

 $

12,555,098 

 $

415,305 

Corporate and other bonds  Industrial and miscellaneous

45,078,044 

Residential mortgage backed securities
Total fixed-maturity securities

Equity Securities:
Preferred stocks
Common stocks
Total equity securities

Total

5,003,292 
62,221,129 

2,874,173 
5,877,364 
8,751,537 

490,444 

48,375 
970,013 

70,799 
514,977 
585,776 

(512,427)

(61,169)
(589,485)

- 
(103,721)
(103,721)

(99,593)

44,956,468 

(121,576)

- 
(99,593)

(29,322)
- 
(29,322)

4,990,498 
62,502,064 

2,915,650 
6,288,620 
9,204,270 

(12,794)
280,935 

41,477 
411,256 
452,733 

 $

70,972,666 

 $

1,555,789 

 $

(693,206)

 $

(128,915)

 $

71,706,334 

 $

733,668 

F-14

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Cost or
Amortized

Cost

Gross
Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Fair

Value

Net
Unrealized
Gains/

(Losses)

December 31, 2014

 $

13,862,141 

 $

412,490 

 $

(23,813)

 $

(6,379)

 $

14,244,439 

 $

382,298 

 Category

Fixed-Maturity Securities:

Political subdivisions of States, Territories and
Possessions

Corporate and other bonds  Industrial and miscellaneous
Total fixed-maturity securities

36,221,300 
50,083,441 

803,440 
1,215,930 

(118,092)
(141,905)

3,172,632 
4,448,677 
7,621,309 

19,180 
444,950 
464,130 

(2,647)
- 
(2,647)

(30,228)
(36,607)

(62,886)
(2,177)
(65,063)

36,876,420 
51,120,859 

655,120 
1,037,418 

3,126,280 
4,891,449 
8,017,729 

(46,352)
442,772 
396,420 

Equity Securities:
Preferred stocks
Common stocks
Total equity securities

Total

 $

57,704,750 

 $

1,680,060 

 $

(144,552)

 $

(101,670)

 $

59,138,588 

 $

1,433,838 

A summary of the amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments in available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities by contractual maturity as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 is shown below:

The actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties.

Remaining Time to Maturity

Less than one year
One to five years
Five to ten years
More than 10 years
Residential mortgage backed securities
Total

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Amortized

Cost

Fair Value

Amortized

Cost

Fair Value

 $

 $

827,246 
17,146,349 
37,877,726 
1,366,516 
5,003,292 
62,221,129 

 $

 $

837,918 
17,393,571 
37,884,450 
1,395,627 
4,990,498 
62,502,064 

 $

 $

482,833 
11,640,381 
32,283,921 
5,676,306 
- 
50,083,441 

 $

 $

487,507 
11,943,127 
32,865,231 
5,824,994 
- 
51,120,859 

F-15

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Held-to-Maturity Securities

The amortized cost and fair value of investments in held-to-maturity fixed-maturity securities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are summarized as follows:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

 Category

Cost or
Amortized

Cost

Gross
Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Fair

Value

Net
Unrealized
Gains/

(Losses)

December 31, 2015

 U.S. Treasury securities

 $

606,389 

 $

147,650 

 $

- 

 $

- 

 $

754,039 

 $

147,650 

Political subdivisions of States, Territories and
Possessions

1,417,679 

Corporate and other bondsIndustrial and miscellaneous  

3,114,804 

70,284 

82,265 

- 

(54,189)  

1,433,774 

(17,980)  

(125,807)  

3,053,282 

16,095 

(61,522)

 Total

 $

5,138,872 

 $

300,199 

 $

(17,980)

 $

(179,996)

 $

5,241,095 

 $

102,223 

 Category

Cost or
Amortized

Cost

Gross
Unrealized

Gains

Gross Unrealized Losses

Less than 12

Months

More than 12

Months

Fair

Value

Net
Unrealized
Gains/

(Losses)

December 31, 2014

U.S. Treasury securities

 $

606,353 

 $

183,200 

 $

- 

 $

- 

 $

789,553 

 $

183,200 

Political subdivisions of States,Territories and
Possessions

1,413,303 

Corporate and other bonds  Industrial and miscellaneous  

3,109,079 

49,981 

98,306 

- 

(12,247)  

1,451,037 

(52,921)  

- 

3,154,464 

37,734 

45,385 

Total

 $

5,128,735 

 $

331,487 

 $

(52,921)

 $

(12,247)

 $

5,395,054 

 $

266,319 

Held-to-maturity U.S. Treasury securities are held in trust pursuant to the New York State Department of Financial Services’ minimum funds requirement.

F-16

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
A summary of the amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments in held-to-maturity securities by contractual maturity as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 is shown below:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

 Remaining Time to Maturity

 Less than one year
 One to five years
 Five to ten years
 More than 10 years
 Total

Investment Income

Major categories of the Company’s net investment income are summarized as follows:

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Amortized

Cost

Fair Value

Amortized

Cost

Fair Value

 $

 $

- 
500,000 
4,032,483 
606,389 
5,138,872 

 $

 $

- 
496,245 
3,990,811 
754,039 
5,241,095 

 $

 $

- 
- 
3,522,927 
1,605,808 
5,128,735 

 $

 $

- 
- 
3,563,401 
1,831,653 
5,395,054 

 Income:
 Fixed-maturity securities
 Equity securities
 Cash and cash equivalents
 Other
 Total
 Expenses:
 Investment expenses
 Net investment income

Year ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

 $

2,308,993 
503,363 
7,314 
1 
2,819,671 

255,781 
2,563,890 

 $

1,665,534 
483,175 
23,750 
(481)
2,171,978 

372,210 
1,799,768 

Proceeds from the sale and maturity of fixed-maturity securities were $6,577,943 and $6,823,015 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Proceeds from the sale of equity securities were $2,689,113 and $7,970,324 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

F-17

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
The Company’s net realized gains and losses on investments are summarized as follows:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

 Fixed-maturity securities:
 Gross realized gains
 Gross realized losses

 Equity securities:
 Gross realized gains
 Gross realized losses

 Cash and short term investments (1)

 Net realized gains (losses)

Year ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

49,412 
(152,328)
(102,916)

153,711 
(101,341)
52,370 

323,455 
(48,729)
274,726 

497,023 
(116,309)
380,714 

- 

51,587 

 $

(50,546)

 $

707,027 

(1) Realized gain on cash and short term investments is a partial recovery from the FDIC of an amount previously written off in 2009 due to the failure of Waterfield Bank.

Impairment Review

Impairment of investment securities results in a charge to operations when a market decline below cost is deemed to be other-than-temporary. The Company regularly reviews its fixed-maturity securities
and equity securities portfolios to evaluate the necessity of recording impairment losses for other-than-temporary declines in the fair value of investments. In evaluating potential impairment, GAAP specifies
(i) if the Company does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery and (ii) it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery, the security would not be
considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless there is a credit loss.  When the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely than not that the Company will not have to sell the
security  before  recovery  of  its  cost  basis,  it  will  recognize  the  credit  component  of  an  other-than-temporary  impairment  (“OTTI”)  of  a  debt  security  in  earnings  and  the  remaining  portion  in  other
comprehensive income.  The credit loss component recognized in earnings is identified as the amount of principal cash flows not expected to be received over the remaining term of the security as projected
based on cash flow projections.  For held-to-maturity debt securities, the amount of OTTI recorded in other comprehensive income for the noncredit portion of a previous OTTI is amortized prospectively
over the remaining life of the security on the basis of timing of future estimated cash flows of the security.

OTTI losses are recorded in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income as net realized losses on investments and result in a permanent reduction of the cost basis of the underlying
investment.  The  determination  of  OTTI  is  a  subjective  process  and  different  judgments  and  assumptions  could  affect  the  timing  of  loss  realization.  At  December  31,  2015,  there  were  57  securities  that
accounted for the gross unrealized loss. The Company determined that none of the unrealized losses were deemed to be OTTI for its portfolio of fixed-maturity investments and equity securities for the years
ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. Significant factors influencing the Company’s determination that unrealized losses were temporary included the magnitude of the unrealized losses in relation to each
security’s cost, the nature of the investment and management’s intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery of fair value to the Company’s cost
basis.

F-18

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
The Company held securities with unrealized losses representing declines that were considered temporary at December 31, 2015 and 2014 as follows:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Category

Fixed-Maturity Securities:
Political subdivisions of States,
Territories and Possessions

Less than 12 months

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

No. of
Positions

Held

December 31, 2015

12 months or more

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

Total

No. of
Positions

Held

Aggregate
Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

 $

1,432,005 

 $

(15,889)

4 

 $

- 

 $

- 

- 

 $

1,432,005 

 $

(15,889)

Corporate and other bonds industrial and
miscellaneous

18,424,609 

(512,427)

Resedential mortgage backed securities

2,413,980 

(61,169)

32 

12 

636,093 

(99,593)

- 

- 

2 

- 

19,060,702 

(612,020)

2,413,980 

(61,169)

Total fixed-maturity securities

 $

22,270,594 

 $

(589,485)

48 

 $

636,093 

 $

(99,593)

2 

 $

22,906,687 

 $

(689,078)

Equity Securities:
Preferred stocks
Common stocks

Total equity securities

Total

 $

 $

 $

- 
2,538,900 

 $

- 
(103,721)

 $

- 
6 

702.000 
- 

 $

(29,322)
- 

 $

1 
- 

702,000 
2,538,900 

 $

(29,322)
(103,721)

2,538,900 

 $

(103,721)

6 

 $

702,000 

 $

(29,322)

1 

 $

3,240,900 

 $

(133,043)

24,809,494 

 $

(693,206)

54 

 $

1,338,093 

 $

(128,915)

3 

 $

26,147,587 

 $

(822,121)

F-19

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Less than 12 months

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

No. of
Positions

Held

December 31, 2014

12 months or more

Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

Total

No. of
Positions

Held

Aggregate
Fair

Value

Unrealized

Losses

 $

3,013,648 

 $

(23,813)

9 

 $

126,658 

 $

(6,379)

1 

 $

3,140,306 

 $

(30,192)

6,325,579 

(118,092)

15 

714,640 

(30,228)

2 

7,040,219 

(148,320)

Category

Fixed-Maturity Securities:
Political subdivisions of States,
Territories and Possessions

Corporate and other bonds industrial
and miscellaneous

Total fixed-maturity securities

 $

9,339,227 

 $

(141,905)

24 

 $

841,298 

 $

(36,607)

3 

 $

10,180,525 

 $

(178,512)

Equity Securities:
Preferred stocks
Common stocks

Total equity securities

Total

 $

 $

 $

Note 4 - Fair Value Measurements

656,325 
- 

 $

(2,647)
- 

 $

1 
- 

1,448,376 
267,000 

 $

(62,886)
(2,177)

 $

6 
1 

2,104,701 
267,000 

 $

(65,533)
(2,177)

656,325 

 $

(2,647)

1 

 $

1,715,376 

 $

(65,063)

7 

 $

2,371,701 

 $

(67,710)

9,995,552 

 $

(144,552)

25 

 $

2,556,674 

 $

(101,670)

10 

 $

12,552,226 

 $

(246,222)

Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The valuation technique used
by the Company to fair value its financial instruments is the market approach which uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). If the inputs used to
measure  the  assets  or  liabilities  fall  within  different  levels  of  the  hierarchy,  the  classification  is  based  on  the  lowest  level  input  that  is  significant  to  the  fair  value  measurement  of  the  asset  or  liability.
Classification of assets and liabilities within the hierarchy considers the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded, including during period of market disruption, and the reliability and transparency
of the assumptions used to determine fair value. The hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. The levels of the hierarchy and those investments included in each are as follows:

Level 1—Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities traded in active markets. Included are those investments traded on an active exchange, such as
the NASDAQ Global Select Market, U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies, together with corporate debt securities that are generally investment grade.

Level 2—Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active,
inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and market-corroborated inputs.  Municipal and corporate bonds, and residential mortgage-backed securities, that are traded in
less active markets are classified as Level 2.  These securities are valued using market price quotations for recently executed transactions.

Level 3—Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable for the asset or liability and are significant to the fair value measurement. Material assumptions and factors considered in pricing investment
securities and other assets may include appraisals, projected cash flows, market clearing activity or liquidity circumstances in the security or similar securities that may have occurred since the prior pricing
period.

The  availability  of  observable  inputs  varies  and  is  affected  by  a  wide  variety  of  factors.  When  the  valuation  is  based  on  models  or  inputs  that  are  less  observable  or  unobservable  in  the  market,  the
determination  of  fair  value  requires  significantly  more  judgment.  The  degree  of  judgment  exercised  by  management  in  determining  fair  value  is  greatest  for  investments  categorized  as  Level  3.  For
investments in this category, the Company considers prices and inputs that are current as of the measurement date. In periods of market dislocation, as characterized by current market conditions, the ability
to observe prices and inputs may be reduced for many instruments. This condition could cause a security to be reclassified between levels.

F-20

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

The Company’s investments are allocated among pricing input levels at December 31, 2015 and 2014 as follows:

($ in thousands)

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

December 31, 2015

Fixed-maturity securities available-for-sale
Political subdivisions of States, Territories and Possessions

Corporate and other bonds industrial and miscellaneous

Resedential mortgage backed securities
Total fixed maturities
Equity securities
Total investments

($ in thousands)

Fixed-maturity investments available-for-sale
Political subdivisions of States, Territories and Possessions

Corporate and other bonds industrial and miscellaneous
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments
Total investments

Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 $

 $

 $

 $

- 

 $

12,555,098 

 $

37,964,006 

6,992,462 

- 
37,964,006 
9,204,270 
47,168,276 

 $

4,990,498 
24,538,058 
- 
24,538,058 

 $

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

December 31, 2014

- 

 $

14,244,439 

 $

29,257,850 
29,257,850 
8,017,729 
37,275,579 

 $

7,618,570 
21,863,009 
- 
21,863,009 

 $

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

 $

12,555,098 

44,956,468 

4,990,498 
62,502,064 
9,204,270 
71,706,334 

Total

 $

 $

14,244,439 

36,876,420 
51,120,859 
8,017,729 
59,138,588 

 $

The Company uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

Equity securities and fixed income securities available-for-sale:   Fair value disclosures for these investments are included in “Note 3 - Investments.”

Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

Premiums receivable and reinsurance receivables:   The carrying values reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets for these financial instruments approximate their fair values due to the
short-term nature of the assets.

F-21

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Real  estate:  The  fair  value  of  the  land  and  building  included  in  property  and  equipment,  which  is  used  in  the  Company’s  operations,  approximates  the  carrying  value.  The  fair  value  was  based  on  an
appraisal dated September 8, 2015 prepared using the sales comparison approach and income approach, and accordingly the real estate is a Level 3 asset under the fair value hierarchy.

Reinsurance balances payable:   The carrying value reported in the consolidated balance sheets for these financial instruments approximates fair value.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

 Fixed-maturity securitied-held-to maturity
 Cash and cash equivalents
 Premiums receivable
 Receivables - reinsurance contracts
 Reinsurance receivables
 Real estate, net of accumulated depreciation
 Reinsurance balances payable

Note 6 - Intangibles

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Carrying Value

Fair Value

Carrying Value

Fair Value

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

5,138,872 
13,551,372 
10,621,655 
- 
31,270,235 
1,710,897 
1,688,922 

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

5,241,095 
13,551,372 
10,621,655 
- 
31,270,235 
1,925,000 
1,688,922 

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

5,128,735 
9,906,878 
8,946,899 
1,301,549 
35,575,276 
1,762,345 
2,096,363 

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

5,395,054 
9,906,878 
8,946,899 
1,301,549 
35,575,276 
1,816,122 
2,096,363 

Intangible assets consist of finite and indefinite life assets. Finite life intangible assets include customer and producer relationships and other identifiable intangibles. Insurance company license is considered
an indefinite life intangible asset subject to annual impairment testing. The weighted average amortization period of identified intangible assets of finite useful life is approximately 3.3 years as of December
31, 2015.

The components of intangible assets and their useful lives, accumulated amortization, and net carrying value as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are summarized as follows:

Useful
Life

(in yrs)

Gross
Carrying

Value

December 31, 2015

Accumulated

Amortization

Net
Carrying

Amount

Gross
Carrying

Value

December 31, 2014

Accumulated

Amortization

Net
Carrying

Amount

Insurance license
Customer relationships
Other identifiable intangibles
Total

- 
10 
7 

 $

 $

500,000 
3,400,000 
950,000 
4,850,000 

 $

 $

- 
2,210,000 
882,184 
3,092,184 

 $

 $

500,000 
1,190,000 
67,816 
1,757,816 

 $

 $

500,000 
3,400,000 
950,000 
4,850,000 

 $

 $

- 
1,870,000 
746,470 
2,616,470 

 $

 $

500,000 
1,530,000 
203,530 
2,233,530 

Intangible asset impairment testing and amortization

The Company performs an analysis annually as of December 31 to identify potential impairment of intangible assets with both finite and indefinite lives and measures the amount of any impairment loss that
may need to be recognized. Intangible asset impairment testing requires an evaluation of the estimated fair value of each identified intangible asset to its carrying value. An impairment charge would be
recorded if the estimated fair value is less than the carrying amount of the intangible asset. No impairments have been identified in the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

F-22

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
The Company recorded amortization expense related to intangibles of $475,714 for each of the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. The estimated aggregate amortization expense for the remaining
life of finite life intangibles is as follows:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

2016
2017
2018
2019

Note 7 - Reinsurance

 $

 $

407,816 
340,000 
340,000 
170,000 
1,257,816 

The Company’s quota share reinsurance treaties are on a July 1 through June 30 calendar year basis; therefore, for year to date fiscal periods after June 30, two separate treaties will be included in such
periods.

The Company’s quota share reinsurance treaty in effect for the year ended December 31, 2015 for its personal lines business, which primarily consists of homeowners’ policies, was covered under the July
1, 2014/June 30, 2015 and July 1, 2015/June 30, 2016 treaty years. The Company’s quota share reinsurance treaties in effect for the year ended December 31, 2014 for its personal lines business, which
primarily consists of homeowners’ policies, were covered under the July 1, 2013/June 30, 2014 and July 1, 2014/June 30, 2015 treaty years. The Company’s quota share reinsurance treaty in effect for the
year  ended  December  31,  2014  for  its  commercial  lines  business  was  covered  under  the  July  1,  2013/June  30,  2014  treaty  year.  The  Company  did  not  renew  its  expiring  commercial  lines  quota  share
reinsurance treaty on July 1, 2014.

The Company’s personal lines quota share treaty that covered the July 1, 2013/June 30, 2014 treaty year was a two year treaty that expired on June 30, 2015. Effective July 1, 2014, the Company had the
option to increase the quota share percentage from 75% to a maximum of 85% or decrease the quota share percentage from 75% to a minimum of 55% by giving no less than 30 days advance notice. On
May  12,  2014,  the  Company  notified  the  personal  lines  reinsurers  of  its  election  to  reduce  the  ceding  percentage  in  the  personal  lines  quota  share  treaty  from  75%  to  55%  effective  July  1,  2014.  The
Company entered into new annual treaties with different terms effective July 1, 2015. The Company’s treaties for the July 1, 2013/ June 30, 2014, July 1, 2014/June 30, 2015 and July 1, 2015/June 30, 2016
treaty years provide for the following material terms:

F-23

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

 Line of Busines

Personal Lines:
Homeowners, dwelling fire and canine legal liability

 Quota share treaty:
 Percent ceded
 Risk retained
 Losses per occurrence subject to quota share reinsurance coverage

 Excess of loss coverage above quota share coverage

 Total reinsurance coverage per occurrence
 Losses per occurrence subject to reinsurance coverage
 Expiration date

 Personal Umbrella

 Quota share treaty:

 Percent ceded - first million dollars of coverage
 Percent ceded - excess of one million dollars of coverage
 Risk retained
 Total reinsurance coverage per occurrence
 Losses per occurrence subject to quota share reinsurance coverage

 Expiration date

Commercial Lines:

 General liability commercial policies, except for commercial auto

 Quota share treaty:

 Percent ceded (terminated effective July 1, 2014)
 Risk retained
 Losses per occurrence subject to quota share reinsurance coverage

 Excess of loss coverage above quota share coverage

 Total reinsurance coverage per occurrence
 Losses per occurrence subject to reinsurance coverage

Commercial Auto:
 Risk retained
 Excess of loss coverage in excess of risk retained

Catastrophe Reinsurance:

 Initial loss subject to personal lines quota share treaty
 Risk retained per catastrophe occurrence (1)
 Catastrophe loss coverage in excess of quota share coverage (2) (3)
 Severe winter weather aggregate (3)
 Reinstatement premium protection (4)

 $
 $
 $

 $
 $
 $

 $
 $
 $

 $

 $

 $
 $
 $

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $
 $

July 1, 2015
to

June 30, 2016

Treaty Year
July 1, 2014
to

June 30, 2015

July 1, 2013
to

June 30, 2014

40%   
 $
 $
 $

 $
 $
 $

450,000 
750,000 
3,750,000 
in excess of 
750,000 
4,050,000 
4,500,000 
June 30, 2016 

55%   
 $
 $
 $

 $
 $
 $

360,000 
800,000 
3,200,000 
in excess of 
800,000 
3,640,000 
4,000,000 
June 30, 2015 

75%

300,000 
1,200,000 
1,700,000 
in excess of 
1,200,000 
2,600,000 
2,900,000 
June 30, 2015 

90%   
100%   
 $
 $
 $

100,000 
2,900,000 
3,000,000 
June 30, 2016 

90%   
100%   
 $
 $
 $

100,000 
2,900,000 
3,000,000 
June 30, 2015 

90%
100%

100,000 
1,900,000 
2,000,000 
June 30, 2014 

None 
425,000 
None 
4,075,000 
in excess of 
425,000 
4,075,000 
4,500,000 

300,000 
1,700,000 
in excess of 
300,000 

4,000,000 
2,400,000 
176,000,000 
Yes
Yes

 $

 $

 $
 $
 $

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $
 $

None 
400,000 
None 
3,600,000 
in excess of 
400,000 
3,600,000 
4,000,000 

300,000 
1,700,000 
in excess of 
300,000 

4,000,000 
1,800,000 
137,000,000 
Yes
No

 $
 $
 $

 $
 $
 $

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $
 $

25%

300,000 
400,000 
2,500,000 
in excess of 
400,000 
2,600,000 
2,900,000 

300,000 
1,700,000 
in excess of 
300,000 

4,000,000 
1,000,000 
86,000,000 
No
No

1.  Plus losses in excess of catastrophe coverage.
2.  Catastrophe coverage is limited on an annual basis to two times the per occurrence amounts. Effective July 1, 2015, the duration of a catastrophe occurrence from windstorm, hail, tornado, hurricane

and cyclone was extended to 120 consecutive hours from 96 consecutive hours.

3.  Effective July 1, 2014, our catastrophe treaty also covers losses caused by severe winter weather during any consecutive 28 day period.
4.  Effective July 1, 2015, reinstatement premium protection for $16,000,000 of catastrophe coverage in excess of $4,000,000.

F-24

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The single maximum risks per occurrence to which the Company is subject under the new treaties effective July 1, 2015 are as follows:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Treaty

July 1, 2015 - June 30, 2016

Extent of Loss

Risk Retained

Personal Lines

Personal Umbrella

Commercial Lines

Commercial Auto

Catastrophe (2)

Initial $750,000

  $ 750,000 - $4,500,000
  Over $4,500,000

Initial $1,000,000

  $ 1,000,000 - $3,000,000
  Over $3,000,000

Initial $425,000

  $ 425,000 - $4,500,000
  Over $4,500,000

Initial $300,000

  $ 300,000 - $2,000,000
  Over $2,000,000

Initial $4,000,000

  $ 4,000,000 - $180,000,000
  Over $180,000,000

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

The single maximum risks per occurrence to which the Company is subject under the treaties that expired on June 30, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

Treaty

Extent of Loss

Risk Retained

Extent of Loss

Risk Retained

July 1, 2014 - June 30, 2015

July 1, 2013 - June 30, 2014

Personal Lines

Personal Umbrella

Commercial Lines

Commercial Auto

Catastrophe (2)

Initial $800,000

  $ 800,000 - $4,000,000
  Over $4,000,000

Initial $1,000,000

  $ 1,000,000 - $3,000,000
  Over $3,000,000

Initial $400,000

  $ 400,000 - $4,000,000
  Over $4,000,000

Initial $300,000

  $ 300,000 - $2,000,000
  Over $2,000,000

Initial $4,000,000

  $ 4,000,000 - $141,000,000
  Over $141,000,000

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

360,000 
None(1) 

Initial $1,200,000

  $ 1,200,000 - $2,900,000

100%  Over $2,900,000

100,000 
None(1) 

Initial $1,000,000

  $ 1,000,000 - $2,000,000

100%  Over $2,000,000

400,000 
None(1) 

Initial $400,000

  $ 400,000 - $2,900,000

100%  Over $2,900,000

300,000 
None(1) 

Initial $300,000

  $ 300,000 - $2,000,000

100%  Over $2,000,000

1,800,000 
None 

Initial $4,000,000

  $ 4,000,000 - $90,000,000

100%  Over $90,000,000

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

(1)  Covered by excess of loss treaties.

(2)  Catastrophe coverage is limited on an annual basis to two times the per occurrence amounts.

F-25

450,000 
None(1) 

100%

100,000 
None(1) 

100%

425,000 
None(1) 

100%

300,000 
None(1) 

100%

2,400,000 
None 

100%

300,000 
None(1) 

100%

100,000 
None(1) 

100%

300,000 
None(1) 

100%

300,000 
None(1) 

100%

1,000,000 
None 

100%

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

The Company’s reinsurance program is structured to enable the Company to significantly grow its premium volume while maintaining regulatory capital and other financial ratios generally within or below the
expected ranges used for regulatory oversight purposes. The reinsurance program also provides income as a result of ceding commissions earned pursuant to the quota share reinsurance contracts. The
Company’s participation in reinsurance arrangements does not relieve the Company of its obligations to policyholders.

Approximate reinsurance recoverables on unpaid and paid losses by reinsurer at December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 ($ in thousands)
December 31, 2015
 Maiden Reinsurace Company
 Swiss Reinsurance America Corporation
 SCOR Reinsurance Company
 Hannover Rueck
 Allied World Assurance Company
 Others
 Total

December 31, 2014
 Maiden Reinsurace Company
 SCOR Reinsurance Company
 Swiss Reinsurance America Corporation
 Motors Insurance Corporation
 Sirius American Insurance Company
 Allied World Assurance Company
 Others
 Total

Unpaid

Losses

Paid

Losses

Total

Security

 $

 $

 $

 $

7,979 
3,662 
1,982 
853 
940 
1,290 
16,706 

7,946 
2,843 
3,652 
931 
908 
651 
1,319 
18,250 

 $

 $

 $

 $

631 
377 
114 
524 
285 
117 
2,048 

598 
194 
359 
8 
22 
15 
273 
1,469 

 $

 $

 $

 $

8,610 
4,039 
2,096 
1,377 
1,225 
1,407 
18,754 

8,544 
3,037 
4,011 
939 
930 
666 
1,592 
19,719 

 $

12,201(1)

 $

 $

- 
- 
- 
- 
293(2)

12,494 

12,847(1)

- 
- 
500(1)
- 
- 
110(3)

 $

13,457 

(1) Secured pursuant to collateralized trust agreement.
(2) Includes $248,000 secured pursuant to collateralized trust agreement and $45,000 guaranteed by an irrevocable letter of credit.
(3) Guaranteed by an irrevocable letter of credit.

Assets held in the two trusts referred to in footnote (1) in the table above are not included in the Company’s invested assets and investment income earned on these assets is credited to the two reinsurers
respectively.  In  addition  to  reinsurance  recoverables  on  unpaid  and  paid  losses,  reinsurance  receivables  as  of  December  31,  2015  and  2014  include  unearned  ceded  premiums  of  $12,515,892  and
$15,856,387, respectively.

Ceding Commission Revenue

The Company earns ceding commission revenue under its quota share reinsurance agreements based on: (i) a fixed provisional commission rate at which provisional ceding commissions are earned, and
(ii) a sliding scale of commission rates and ultimate treaty year loss ratios on the policies reinsured under each of these agreements based upon which contingent ceding commissions are earned. The sliding
scale includes minimum and maximum commission rates in relation to specified ultimate loss ratios.  The commission rate and contingent ceding commissions earned increases when the estimated ultimate
loss ratio decreases and, conversely, the commission rate and contingent ceding commissions earned decreases when the estimated ultimate loss ratio increases.

F-26

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

The Company’s estimated ultimate treaty year loss ratios (“Loss Ratio(s)”) for treaties in effect for the year ended December 31, 2015 are attributable to contracts for the July 1, 2015/June 30, 2016 treaty
year (“2015/2016 Treaty”) and the July 1, 2014/June 30, 2015 treaty year (“2014/2015 Treaty”). The Company’s Loss Ratios for treaties in effect for the year ended December 31, 2014 are attributable to
contracts for the 2014/2015 Treaty and the July 1, 2013/June 30, 2014 treaty year (“2013/2014 Treaties”).

Treaties in effect for the year ended December 31, 2015

Under  the  2015/2016  Treaty,  the  Company  is  receiving  a  higher  upfront  fixed  provisional  rate  in  exchange  for  a  less  favorable  sliding  scale  contingent  rate.  Under  this  arrangement,  the  Company
earns more provisional ceding commissions, while contingent ceding commissions are reduced due the less favorable sliding scale rate. The Company’s Loss Ratio for the period July 1, 2015 through
December  31,  2015,  which  is  attributable  to  the  2015/2016  Treaty,  was  higher  than  the  contractual  Loss  Ratio  at  which  provisional  ceding  commissions  are  earned.  Accordingly,  for  the  six  month
period ended December 31, 2015, the Company’s contingent ceding commission earned was reduced as a result of the estimated Loss Ratio for the 2015/2016 Treaty.

The Company’s Loss Ratio for the period July 1, 2014 through June 30, 2015, which is attributable to the 2014/2015 Treaty, was lower than the contractual Loss Ratio at which provisional ceding
commissions are earned. Accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company earned contingent ceding commission revenue with respect to the 2014/2015 Treaty. However, as a result
of severe winter weather during February and March 2015, the Loss Ratio was greater than what would have been expected during an ordinary winter. Such severe winter weather had the effect of
reducing contingent ceding commission revenue that would have otherwise been earned.

Treaties in effect for the year ended December31, 2014

The Company’s Loss Ratio for the period July 1, 2014 through December 31, 2014, which is attributable to the 2014/2015 Treaty, was lower than the contractual Loss Ratio at which provisional ceding
commissions are earned. Accordingly, for the six month period ended December 31, 2014, the Company recorded contingent ceding commission earned with respect to the 2014/2015 Treaty.

The Company’s Loss Ratios for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014, which are attributable to the 2013/2014 Treaties, were lower than the contractual Loss Ratios at which  provisional
ceding commissions are earned. Accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company earned contingent ceding commission revenue with respect to the 2013/2014 Treaties. However,
as a result of severe winter weather during January and February 2014, the Loss Ratios attributable to these treaties as of June 30, 2014 were greater than the Loss Ratios as of December 31, 2013.
Such severe winter weather had the effect of reducing contingent ceding commission revenue that would have otherwise been earned.

In addition to the treaties that were in effect for years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Loss Ratios from prior years’ treaties are subject to change as loss reserves from those periods increase or
decrease, resulting in an increase or decrease in the commission rate and contingent ceding commissions earned.

F-27

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Ceding commissions earned consists of the following:

 Provisional ceding commissions earned
 Contingent ceding commissions earned

Years ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

11,692,458 
(219,341)
11,473,117 

 $

 $

12,456,411 
1,453,700 
13,910,111 

Provisional ceding commissions are settled monthly. Balances due from reinsurers for contingent ceding commissions on quota share treaties are settled annually based on the Loss Ratio of each treaty
year  that  ends  on  June  30.  As  discussed  above  the  Loss  Ratios  from  prior  years’  treaties  are  subject  to  change  as  loss  reserves  from  those  periods  increase  or  decrease,  resulting  in  an  increase  or
decrease in the commission rate and contingent ceding commissions earned. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, net contingent ceding commissions (payable to) and due from reinsurers under all treaties
was approximately $(1,277,000) and $1,302,000, respectively.

Note 8 - Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Deferred Ceding Commission Revenue

Policy acquisition costs incurred and policy-related ceding commission revenue are deferred, and amortized to income on property and casualty insurance business as follows:

Net deferred policy acquisition costs net of ceding  commission revenue, beginning of year

 $

3,029,441 

 $

(123,903)

Year ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 Cost incurred and deferred:
 Commissions and brokerage
 Other underwriting and policy acquisition costs
 Ceding commission revenue
 Net deferred policy acquisition costs
 Amortization

16,963,843 
4,904,350 
(12,170,986)
9,697,207 
(8,326,410)
1,370,797 

13,612,109 
4,426,614 
(11,428,785)
6,609,938 
(3,456,594)
3,153,344 

Net deferred policy acquisition costs net of ceding  commission revenue, end of year

 $

4,400,238 

 $

3,029,441 

Ending balances for deferred policy acquisition costs and deferred ceding commission revenue as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 follows:

 Deferred policy acquisition costs
 Deferred ceding commission revenue
 Balance at end of period

F-28

December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

10,835,306 
(6,435,068)
4,400,238 

 $

 $

8,985,981 
(5,956,540)
3,029,441 

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Note 9 - Property and Equipment

The components of property and equipment are summarized as follows:

December 31, 2015
 Building
 Land
 Furniture office equipment
 Computer equipment and software
 Automobile
 Total

December 31, 2014
 Building
 Land
 Furniture office equipment
 Computer equipment and software
 Automobile
 Total

Cost

Accumulated

Depreciation

Net

 $

 $

 $

 $

1,887,347 
153,097 
518,495 
2,128,063 
81,394 
4,768,396 

1,887,347 
153,097 
366,392 
1,019,647 
81,394 
3,507,877 

 $

 $

 $

 $

(313,376)
- 
(257,485)
(963,875)
(81,394)
(1,616,130)

(253,624)
- 
(151,983)
(572,834)
(81,394)
(1,059,835)

 $

 $

 $

 $

1,573,971 
153,097 
261,010 
1,164,188 
- 
3,152,266 

1,633,723 
153,097 
214,409 
446,813 
- 
2,448,042 

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $556,295 and $399,193, respectively.

Note 10 - Property and Casualty Insurance Activity

Premiums written, ceded and earned are as follows:

Year ended December 31, 2015
 Premiums written
 Change in unearned premiums
 Premiums earned

Year ended December 31, 2014
 Premiums written
 Change in unearned premiums
 Premiums earned

Direct

Assumed

Ceded

Net

 $

 $

 $

 $

91,003,968 
(8,436,456)
82,567,512 

76,255,426 
(8,119,029)
68,136,397 

 $

 $

 $

 $

40,971 
4,255 
45,226 

48,856 
(3,398)
45,458 

 $

 $

 $

 $

(30,660,161)
(3,340,495)
(34,000,656)

(33,009,420)
(2,543,951)
(35,553,371)

 $

 $

 $

 $

60,384,778 
(11,772,696)
48,612,082 

43,294,862 
(10,666,378)
32,628,484 

Premium  receipts  in  advance  of  the  policy  effective  date  are  recorded  as  advance  premiums.    The  balance  of  advance  premiums  as  of  December  31,  2015  and  2014  was  $1,199,376  and  $1,006,582,
respectively.

F-29

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
The components of the liability for loss and LAE expenses and related reinsurance receivables as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

December 31, 2015
 Case-basis reserves
 Loss adjustment expenses
 IBNR reserves
 Recoverable on unpaid losses
 Recoverable on paid losses
 Total loss and loss adjustment expenses

 Unearned premiums
 Total reinsurance receivables

December 31, 2014
 Case-basis reserves
 Loss adjustment expenses
 IBNR reserves
 Recoverable on unpaid losses
 Recoverable on paid losses
 Total loss and loss adjustment expenses

 Unearned premiums
 Total reinsurance receivables

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for unpaid losses and LAE:

 Balance at beginning of period
 Less reinsurance recoverables
 Net balance, beginning of period

 Incurred related to:
 Current year
 Prior years
 Total incurred

 Paid related to:
 Current year
 Prior years
 Total paid

 Net balance at end of period
 Add reinsurance recoverables
 Balance at end of period

Gross

Liability

Reinsurance

Receivables

 $

24,730,463 
5,429,221 
9,716,816 

- 
39,876,500 

24,064,175 
5,663,856 
10,184,652 

- 
39,912,683 

 $

 $

 $

11,264,279 
1,720,522 
3,721,563 
16,706,364 
2,047,979 
18,754,343 

12,515,892 
31,270,235 

11,930,330 
1,920,437 
4,398,759 
18,249,526 
1,469,363 
19,718,889 

15,856,387 
35,575,276 

Years ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

39,912,683 
(18,249,526)
21,663,157 

34,503,229 
(17,363,975)
17,139,254 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

23,642,998 
(462,998)
23,180,000 

13,172,870 
8,500,151 
21,673,021 

23,170,136 
16,706,364 
39,876,500 

 $

 $

15,268,426 
1,763,762 
17,032,188 

6,351,920 
6,156,365 
12,508,285 

21,663,157 
18,249,526 
39,912,683 

Incurred losses and LAE are net of reinsurance recoveries under reinsurance contracts of $14,428,197 and $14,878,551 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

F-30

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Prior year incurred loss and LAE development is based upon estimates by line of business and accident year. Prior year loss and LAE development incurred during the years ended December 31, 2015 and
2014 was favorable $(462,998) and unfavorable $1,763,762, respectively. The Company’s management continually monitors claims activity to assess the appropriateness of carried case and incurred but
not reported (“IBNR”) reserves, giving consideration to Company and industry trends.

Loss and LAE reserves

The reserving process for loss and LAE reserves provides for the Company’s best estimate at a particular point in time of the ultimate unpaid cost of all losses and LAE incurred, including settlement and
administration of losses, and is based on facts and circumstances then known and including losses that have been incurred but not yet been reported. The process includes using actuarial methodologies to
assist in establishing these estimates, judgments relative to estimates of future claims severity and frequency, the length of time before losses will develop to their ultimate level and the possible changes in
the  law  and  other  external  factors  that  are  often  beyond  the  Company’s  control.  Several  actuarial  reserving  methodologies  are  used  to  estimate  required  loss  reserves.  The  process  produces  carried
reserves set by management based upon the actuaries’ best estimate and is the result of numerous best estimates made by line of business, accident year, and loss and LAE. The amount of loss and LAE
reserves  for  reported  claims  (“case  reserve”)  is  based  primarily  upon  a  case-by-case  evaluation  of  coverage,  liability,  injury  severity,  and  any  other  information  considered  pertinent  to  estimating  the
exposure presented by the claim. The amounts of loss and LAE reserves for unreported claims and development on known claims (IBNR reserves) are determined using historical information by line of
insurance as adjusted to current conditions. Since this process produces loss reserves set by management based upon the actuaries’ best estimate, there is no explicit or implicit provision for uncertainty in
the carried loss reserves.

Due to the inherent uncertainty associated with the reserving process, the ultimate liability may differ, perhaps substantially, from the original estimate. Such estimates are regularly reviewed and updated
and any resulting adjustments are included in the current year’s results. Reserves are closely monitored and are recomputed periodically using the most recent information on reported claims and a variety of
statistical techniques. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company reviews by line of business existing reserves, new claims, changes to existing case reserves and paid losses with respect to the current and
prior years. Several methods are used, varying by product line and accident year, in order to select the estimated year-end loss reserves.  These methods include the following:

Paid Loss Development – historical patterns of paid loss development are used to project future paid loss emergence in order to estimate required reserves.

Incurred Loss Development – historical patterns of incurred loss development, reflecting both paid losses and changes in case reserves, are used to project future incurred loss emergence in order to
estimate required reserves.

Paid Bornhuetter-Ferguson (“BF”) – an estimated loss ratio for a particular accident year is determined, and is weighted against the portion of the accident year claims that have been paid, based on
historical paid loss development patterns.  The estimate of required reserves assumes that the remaining unpaid portion of a particular accident year will pay out at a rate consistent with the estimated
loss ratio for that year.  This method can be useful for situations where an unusually high or low amount of paid losses exists at the early stages of the claims development process.

F-31

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Incurred Bornhuetter-Ferguson (“BF”) - an estimated loss ratio for a particular accident year is determined, and is weighted against the portion of the accident year claims that have been reported,
based on historical incurred loss development patterns.  The estimate of required reserves assumes that the remaining unreported portion of a particular accident year will pay out at a rate consistent
with the estimated loss ratio for that year.  This method can be useful for situations where an unusually high or low amount of reported losses exists at the early stages of the claims development
process.

Management’s best estimate of required reserves is generally based on an average of the methods above, with appropriate weighting of the various methods based on the line of business and accident year
being projected. In some cases, additional methods or historical data from industry sources are employed to supplement the projections derived from the methods listed above.

Two key assumptions that materially affect the estimate of loss reserves are the loss ratio estimate for the current accident year used in the BF methods described above, and the loss development factor
selections used in the loss development methods described above. The loss ratio estimates used in the BF methods are selected after reviewing historical accident year loss ratios adjusted for rate changes,
trend, and mix of business.

The Company is not aware of any claims trends that have emerged or that would cause future adverse development that have not already been considered in existing case reserves and in its current loss
development factors.

In New York State, lawsuits for negligence are subject to certain limitations and must be commenced within three years from the date of the accident or are otherwise barred. Accordingly, the Company’s
exposure  to  unreported  claims  (‘pure’  IBNR)  for  accident  dates  of  December  31,  2012  and  prior  is  limited  although  there  remains  the  possibility  of  adverse  development  on  reported  claims  (‘case
development’ IBNR).

Commercial Auto Line of Business

Effective October 1, 2014 the Company decided that it would no longer accept applications for new commercial auto policies.  The action was taken following a series of underwriting and pricing measures
which were intended to improve the profitability of this line of business.  The actions taken did not yield the hoped for results. In February 2015, the Company made the decision that it would no longer offer
renewals on its existing commercial auto policies beginning with those that expire on or after May 1, 2015. The Company had 134 and 730 commercial auto policies in force as of December 31, 2015 and
2014, respectively.

Note 11 – Bank Line of Credit

Kingstone maintained a Promissory Note pursuant to a line of credit (together, the “Trustco Agreement”) with Trustco Bank (“Lender”), which, at the option of Kingstone, was cancelled effective December
31,  2015.  Under  the  Trustco  Agreement,  Kingstone  was  able  to  receive  advances  from  Lender  not  to  exceed  an  unpaid  principal  balance  of  $600,000  (the  “Credit  Limit”).  Advances  available  under  the
Trustco Agreement were subject to interest at a floating rate based on the Lender’s prime rate, which was 3.75% at December 31, 2015.

F-32

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Interest only payments were due monthly. The principal balance was payable on demand, and must be reduced to zero for a minimum of thirty consecutive days during each year of the term of the Trustco
Agreement. The line of credit was subject to annual renewal at the discretion of the Lender. Lender may set off any depository accounts maintained by Kingstone that were held by Lender. Payment of
amounts  due  pursuant  to  the  Trustco  Agreement  was  secured  by  all  of  Kingstone’s  cash  and  deposit  accounts,  receivables,  inventory  and    fixed  assets,  and  was  guaranteed  by  Kingstone’s  subsidiary,
Payments Inc.

The line of credit was used for general corporate purposes.

There were no outstanding balances under the bank line of credit at any time during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. There were no other fees in connection with this credit line.

Note 12 – Stockholders’ Equity

Dividend Declared

Dividends declared and paid on Common Stock were $1,557,398 and $1,312,625 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company’s Board of Directors approved a quarterly
dividend on February 4, 2016 of $.0625 per share payable in cash on March 15, 2016 to stockholders of record as of February 29, 2016 (see Note 20).

Stock Options

Pursuant  to  the  Company’s  2005  Equity  Participation  Plan  (the  “2005  Plan”),  which  provides  for  the  issuance  of  incentive  stock  options,  non-statutory  stock  options  and  restricted  stock,  a  maximum  of
700,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock are permitted to be issued pursuant to options granted and restricted stock issued. The 2005 Plan terminated on October 10, 2015 (except for options
already granted), ten years after its effective date. Effective August 12, 2014, the Company adopted the 2014 Equity Participation Plan (the “2014 Plan”) pursuant to which, subject to stockholder approval
on or before August 12, 2015, a maximum of 700,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company are authorized to be issued pursuant to the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options,
stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and stock bonuses.  The stockholders approved the 2014 Plan on August 11, 2015. Incentive stock options granted under the 2014 Plan and 2005 Plan expire no
later  than  ten  years  from  the  date  of  grant  (except  no  later  than  five  years  for  a  grant  to  a  10%  stockholder).  The  Board  of  Directors  or  the  Stock  Option  Committee  determines  the  expiration  date  with
respect to non-statutory stock options and the vesting provisions for restricted stock granted under the 2014 Plan and 2005 Plan.

The results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 include stock-based compensation expense totaling $134,185 and $171,876, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense
related to stock options for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 is net of estimated forfeitures of approximately 17% and 20%, respectively. Such amounts have been included in the consolidated
statements of income and comprehensive income within other operating expenses.

Stock-based compensation expense in 2015 and 2014 is the estimated fair value of options granted amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire portion of the award. The
weighted average estimated fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $1.87 and $1.60 per share, respectively. The fair value of stock options at the
grant date was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The following weighted average assumptions were used for grants during the following periods:

F-33

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

 Dividend Yield
 Volatility
 Risk-Free Interest Rate
 Expected Life

Years ended
December 31,

2015

2014

2.62%   
34.54%   
1.03%   

2.97%
40.53%
0.92%

3.0 years 

3.25 years 

The  Black-Scholes  option  valuation  model  was  developed  for  use  in  estimating  the  fair  value  of  traded  options,  which  have  no  vesting  restrictions  and  are  fully  transferable.  In  addition,  option  valuation
models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because the Company’s stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded
options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single
measure of the fair value of our stock options.

A summary of stock option activity under the Company’s 2005 Plan and 2014 Plan for the year ended December 31, 2015 is as follows:

Stock Options

Number of Shares

Weighted Average
Exercise Price per
Share

Weighted Average
Remaining Contractual
Term

Aggregate Intrinsic
Value

Outstanding at January 1, 2015

Granted (1)
Exercised
Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2015

Vested and Exercisable at December 31, 2015

421,250 

 $

50,000 
(127,750)
(3,750)

 $
 $
 $

339,750 

 $

191,625 

 $

5.16 

6.73 
2.66 
5.09 

6.34 

6.21 

3.13 

 $

1,258,013 

 $
 $
 $

113,500 
677,713 
32,150 

3.36 

 $

904,775 

3.30 

 $

534,094 

(1)  On August 12, 2014, 50,000 options were awarded under the 2014 Plan, which were subject to stockholder approval. Stockholder approval of the 2014 Plan was obtained on August 11, 2015.

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 2015 is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and the market price
of the Company’s Common Stock for the options that had exercise prices that were lower than the $9.00 closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on December 31, 2015. The total intrinsic value of
options exercised in the year ended December, 2015 was $677,713, determined as of the date of exercise.

F-34

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Participants in the 2005 Plan and 2014 Plan may exercise their outstanding vested options, in whole or in part, by having the Company reduce the number of shares otherwise issuable by a number of
shares  having  a  fair  market  value  equal  to  the  exercise  price  of  the  option  being  exercised  (“Net  Exercise”).  All  of  the  127,750  options  exercised  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015  were  Net
Exercises. A total of 100,115 options were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2014. The Company received cash proceeds of $5,877 from the exercise of options for the purchase of 2,500
shares of Common Stock in the year ended December 31, 2014. The remaining 97,615 options exercised in 2014 were Net Exercises.

As  of  December  31,  2015  and  2014,  the  fair  value  of  unamortized  compensation  cost  related  to  unvested  stock  option  awards  was  approximately  $101,000  and  $156,000,  respectively.  Unamortized
compensation cost as of December 31, 2015 is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average vesting period of 1.31 years.

As of December 31, 2015, there were 650,000 shares reserved under the 2014 Plan.

Other Equity Compensation

For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, there was no other equity compensation.

Note 13 - Statutory Financial Information and Accounting Policies

For regulatory purposes, KICO prepares its statutory basis financial statements in accordance with Statements of Statutory Accounting Principles (“statutory basis” or “SAP”) as promulgated by the National
Association of Insurance Commissioners (the “NAIC”) and the prescribed or permitted practices of the New York State Department of Financial Services (the “DFS”). The more significant SAP variances
from GAAP are as follows: 

•  

•  

•  

•  

•  

•

Policy acquisition costs are charged to operations in the year such costs are incurred, rather than being deferred and amortized as premiums are earned over the terms of the policies.

Ceding commission revenues are earned when ceded premiums are written except for ceding commission revenues in excess of anticipated acquisition costs, which are deferred and amortized as
ceded premiums are earned. GAAP requires that all ceding commission revenues be earned as the underlying ceded premiums are earned over the term of the reinsurance agreements.

Certain assets including certain receivables, a portion of the net deferred tax asset, prepaid expenses and furniture and equipment are not admitted.

Investments  in  fixed-maturity  securities  are  valued  at  NAIC  value  for  statutory  financial  purposes,  which  is  primarily  amortized  cost.  GAAP  requires  certain  investments  in  fixed-maturity  securities
classified as available for sale, to be reported at fair value.

Certain amounts related to ceded reinsurance are reported on a net basis within the statutory basis financial statements. GAAP requires these amounts to be shown gross.

For  SAP  purposes,  changes  in  deferred  income  taxes  relating  to  temporary  differences  between  net  income  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  taxable  income  are  recognized  as  a  separate
component of gains and losses in surplus rather than included in income tax expense or benefit as required under GAAP.

F-35

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

State insurance laws restrict the ability of KICO to declare dividends. These restrictions are related to surplus and net investment income. Dividends are restricted to the lesser of 10% of surplus or 100% of
investment income (on a statutory accounting basis) for the trailing 12 quarters. State insurance regulators require insurance companies to maintain specified levels of statutory capital and surplus. Generally,
dividends may only be paid out of unassigned surplus, and the amount of an insurer’s unassigned surplus following payment of any dividends must be reasonable in relation to the insurer’s outstanding
liabilities and adequate to meet its financial needs. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, KICO paid dividends to Kingstone of $1,650,000 and $1,500,000, respectively. On February 25, 2016,
KICO’s Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $450,000 to Kingstone, which was paid on February 26, 2016. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, KICO had statutory basis net
income of $6,632,042 and $3,617,139, respectively. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, KICO had reported statutory basis surplus as regards policyholders of $39,072,962 and $34,425,381, respectively, as
filed with the DFS.

Note 14 - Risk Based Capital

State insurance departments impose risk-based capital (“RBC”) requirements on insurance enterprises. The RBC Model serves as a benchmark for the regulation of insurance companies by state insurance
regulators.  RBC provides for targeted surplus levels based on formulas, which specify various weighting factors that are applied to financial balances or various levels of activity based on the perceived
degree of risk, and are set forth in the RBC requirements. Such formulas focus on four general types of risk: (a) the risk with respect to the company’s assets (asset or default risk); (b) the risk of default on
amounts due from reinsurers, policyholders, or other creditors (credit risk); (c) the risk of underestimating liabilities from business already written or inadequately pricing business to be written in the coming
year  (underwriting  risk);  and,  (d)  the  risk  associated  with  items  such  as  excessive  premium  growth,  contingent  liabilities,  and  other  items  not  reflected  on  the  balance  sheet  (off-balance  sheet  risk).  The
amount determined under such formulas is called the authorized control level RBC (“ACLC”).

The RBC guidelines define specific capital levels based on a company’s ACLC that are determined by the ratio of the company’s total adjusted capital (“TAC”) to its ACLC. TAC is equal to statutory capital,
plus or minus certain other specified adjustments. The Company is in compliance with RBC requirements as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Note 15 – Income Taxes

The Company files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return that includes all wholly owned subsidiaries. State tax returns are filed on a consolidated or separate basis depending on applicable laws.
The Company records adjustments related to prior years’ taxes during the period when they are identified, generally when the tax returns are filed.   The effect of these adjustments on the current and prior
periods (during which the differences originated) is evaluated based upon quantitative and qualitative factors and are considered in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole for the respective
periods. The Company has evaluated this year’s amounts in relation to the current and prior reporting periods and determined that a restatement of those prior reporting periods is not appropriate.

F-36

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

The provision for income taxes is comprised of the following:

 Years ended December 31,

 Current federal income tax expense
 Current state income tax expense
 Deferred federal and state income tax expense (benefit)
 Provision for income taxes

A reconciliation of the federal statutory rate to the effective tax rate is as follows:

 Years ended December 31,
 Computed expected tax expense
 State taxes, net of Federal benefit
 State valuation allowance
 Permanent differences

 Dividends received deduction
 Non-taxable investment income
 Other permanent differences

 Prior year tax matters
 Other
 Total tax

2015

2014

 $

 $

3,557,385 
19,000 
(226,932)
3,349,453 

 $

 $

2,418,621 
14,596 
113,823 
2,547,040 

2015

2014

 $

 $

3,505,085 
(74,827)
171,532 

(121,960)
(177,487)
55,623 
(49,139)
40,626 
3,349,453 

34.0%  $
(0.7)
1.7 

(1.2)
(1.7)
0.5 
(0.5)
0.4 
32.5%  $

2,677,656 
(99,356)
139,137 

(114,996)
(92,283)
86,193 
(53,556)
4,245 
2,547,040 

34.0%
(1.3)
1.8 

(1.5)
(1.2)
1.1 
(0.7)
0.1 
32.3%

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined using the enacted tax rates applicable to the period the temporary differences are expected to be recovered. Accordingly, the current period income tax
provision can be affected by the enactment of new tax rates. The net deferred income taxes on the balance sheet reflect temporary differences between the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities for
financial  reporting  purposes  and  income  tax  purposes,  tax  effected  at  a  various  rates  depending  on  whether  the  temporary  differences  are  subject  to  federal  taxes,  state  taxes,  or  both.  Significant
components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

F-37

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

 Deferred tax asset:

 Net operating loss carryovers (1)
 Claims reserve discount
 Unearned premium
 Deferred ceding commission revenue
 Other

 Total deferred tax assets

 Deferred tax liability:

 Investment in KICO (2)
 Deferred acquisition costs
 Intangibles
 Depreciation and amortization
 Net unrealized appreciation of securities - available for sale

 Total deferred tax liabilities

 Net deferred income tax liability

(1)  The deferred tax assets from net operating loss carryovers are as follows:

 State only (A)
 Valuation allowance
 State only, net of valuation allowance
 Amount subject to Annual Limitation, federal only (B)
 Total deferred tax asset from net operating loss carryovers

 Type of NOL

December 31,
2015

December 31,
2014

 $

 $

150,492 
405,709 
2,555,012 
2,187,923 
151,250 
5,450,386 

1,169,000 
3,684,004 
597,657 
415,938 
255,977 
6,122,576 

211,550 
562,941 
1,741,360 
2,025,224 
88,148 
4,629,223 

1,169,000 
3,055,234 
759,400 
291,689 
491,080 
5,766,403 

 $

(672,190)

 $

(1,137,180)

December 31,
2015

December 31,
2014

 $

 $

540,865 
(403,973)
136,892 
13,600 
150,492 

 $

 $

567,188 
(372,638)  
194,550 
17,000 
211,550 

Expiration

December 31, 2035

December 31, 2019

(A)  Kingstone  generates  operating  losses  for  state  purposes  and  has  prior  year  NOLs  available.  The  state  NOL  as  of  December  31,  2015  and  December  31,  2014  was  approximately  $8,321,000  and
$6,834,000, respectively. KICO, the Company’s insurance underwriting subsidiary, is not subject to state income taxes. KICO’s state tax obligations are paid through a gross premiums tax, which is included
in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income within other underwriting expenses. A valuation allowance has been recorded due to the uncertainty of generating enough state taxable
income to utilize 100% of the available state NOLs over their remaining lives, which expire between 2027 and 2035. Effective January 1, 2015, the enacted state tax rate was reduced to 6.5% from 8.33%,
resulting in a current period decrease in the available benefit of the state NOL, net of the corresponding valuation adjustment. The decrease in the available benefit of the state net NOL increased the tax
provision in the current period by $44,553.

(B) The Company has an NOL of $50,000 that is subject to Internal Revenue Code Section 382, which places a limitation on the utilization of the federal net operating loss to approximately $10,000 per year
(“Annual Limitation”) as a result of a greater than 50% ownership change of the Company in 1999. The losses subject to the Annual Limitation will be available for future years, expiring through December
31, 2019.

(2)  Deferred tax liability -  investment in KICO

F-38

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

On July 1, 2009, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding common stock of KICO (formerly known as Commercial Mutual Insurance Company (“CMIC”)) pursuant to
the conversion of CMIC from an advance premium cooperative to a stock property and casualty insurance company. Pursuant to the plan of conversion, the Company acquired a 100% equity interest in
KICO, in consideration for the exchange of $3,750,000 principal amount of surplus notes of CMIC. In addition, the Company forgave all accrued and unpaid interest on the surplus notes as of the date of
conversion. As of the date of acquisition, unpaid accrued interest on the surplus notes along with the accretion of the discount on the original purchase of the surplus notes totaled $2,921,319 (together
“Untaxed Interest”). As of the date of acquisition, the deferred tax liability on the Untaxed Interest was $1,169,000. Under GAAP guidance for business combinations, a temporary difference with an indefinite
life exists when the parent has a lower carrying value of its subsidiary for income tax purposes. The Company is required to maintain its deferred tax liability of $1,169,000 related to this temporary difference
until the stock of KICO is sold, or the assets of KICO are sold or KICO and the parent are merged.

The table below reconciles the changes in net deferred income tax liability to the deferred income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2015:

 Change in net deferred income tax liabilities
 Deferred tax expense (benefit) allocated to other comprehensive income
 Deferred income tax provision

 $

 $

(464,990)
(238,058)
(226,932)

In assessing the valuation of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of
deferred  tax  assets  is  dependent  upon  the  generation  of  future  taxable  income  during  the  periods  in  which  those  temporary  differences  become  deductible.  No  valuation  allowance  against  deferred  tax
assets has been established, except for NOL limitations, as the Company believes it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will be realized based on the historical taxable income of KICO, or by
offset to deferred tax liabilities.

The Company had no material unrecognized tax benefit and no adjustments to liabilities or operations were required. There were no interest or penalties related to income taxes that have been accrued or
recognized as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. If any had been recognized these would be reported in income tax expense.

IRS Tax Audit

The tax returns for years ended December 31, 2012 through 2014 are subject to examination, generally for three years after filing.

In March 2014, the Company received a notice that its federal income tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 were selected for examination by the Internal Revenue Service. On
March 31, 2014, the Company was notified that the examination was cancelled.

Note 16 - Employee Benefit Plans

KICO maintains a salary reduction plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (“the 401(k) Plan”) for its qualified employees. KICO matches 100% of each participant’s contribution up to 4% of
the participant’s eligible contribution. The Company, at its discretion, may allocate an amount for additional contributions (“Additional Contributions”) to the 401(k) Plan. The Company incurred approximately
$422,000 and $367,000 of expense for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, related to the 401(k) Plan. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, Additional Contributions
totaled approximately $263,000 and $229,000, respectively.

F-39

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

From  time  to  time,  the  Company  is  involved  in  various  legal  proceedings  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.  For  example,  to  the  extent  a  claim  asserted  by  a  third  party  in  a  lawsuit  against  one  of  the
Company’s  insureds  covered  by  a  particular  policy,  the  Company  may  have  a  duty  to  defend  the  insured  party  against  the  claim.  These  claims  may  relate  to  bodily  injury,  property  damage  or  other
compensable injuries as set forth in the policy. Such proceedings are considered in estimating the liability for loss and LAE expenses. The Company is not subject to any other pending legal proceedings
that management believes are likely to have a material adverse effect on the financial statements.

Office Lease

On March 27, 2015, the Company entered into a lease agreement for an additional office facility for KICO located in Valley Stream, NY under a non-cancelable operating lease. In addition to the base rental
costs, occupancy lease agreements generally provide for rent escalations resulting from increased assessments from real estate taxes and other charges.

The lease commencement date was July 1, 2015 and rent commencement begins January 1, 2016. The lease has a term of seven years and six months.

Rent  expense  under  the  lease  will  be  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  lease  term.  At  December  31,  2015,  cumulative  rent  expense  exceeded  cumulative  rent  payments  by  $52,252.  This
difference is recorded as deferred rent and is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

As of December 31, 2015, aggregate future minimum rental commitments under this agreement are as follows:

 For the Year
 Ending

 December 31,
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
 Thereafter
 Total

 $

 $

Total

100,750 
104,276 
107,926 
111,703 
115,613 
243,506 
783,774 

Rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to $52,252 and is included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income within other underwriting expenses.

F-40

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Employment Agreements

Chief Executive Officer (Kingstone)

Effective August 12, 2014, the Company entered into an amendment to its employment agreement with Barry Goldstein, its President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (as amended, the
“Goldstein Employment Agreement”), pursuant to which the term of the employment agreement was extended from December 31, 2014 to December 31, 2016 and, effective July 1, 2014 and continuing
through the term of the agreement, Mr. Goldstein’s annual base salary was increased to $575,000 and his bonus was revised to equal 6% of the Company’s consolidated income from operations before
taxes, net of the Company’s consolidated net investment income and net realized gains on sales of investments.  In addition, in consideration of Mr. Goldstein entering into the amendment, the Company
paid him a bonus in the amount of $62,500.

Concurrently with the amendment, the Company granted to Mr. Goldstein, pursuant to the 2005 Plan, a five year option for the purchase of 200,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.73 per
share, exercisable to the extent of 62,500 shares on the date of grant and each of the initial two anniversary dates of the grant and 12,500 shares on the third anniversary date of the grant.  In addition, the
Company  granted  to  Mr.  Goldstein,  pursuant  to  the  2014  Plan,  a  five  year  option  for  the  purchase  of  50,000  shares  of  common  stock  at  an  exercise  price  of  $6.73  per  share,  exercisable  on  the  third
anniversary of the date of the grant.  The 50,000 share option grant was subject to stockholder approval of the 2014 Plan.  The stockholders approved the 2014 Plan on August 11, 2015. Pursuant to the
stock option agreements with Mr. Goldstein, the Company agreed that, under certain circumstances following a change of control of the Company, and the termination of his employment, or in the event Mr.
Goldstein’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company without cause or he resigns with good reason (each as defined in his employment agreement), all of the options granted to Mr.
Goldstein would become exercisable and would remain exercisable until the first anniversary of the termination date.

Pursuant  to  the  Goldstein  Employment  Agreement,  the  Company  also  agreed  that,  under  certain  circumstances  following  a  change  of  control  of  Kingstone  Companies,  Inc.  and  the  termination  of  his
employment, Mr. Goldstein would be entitled to a payout equal to one and one-half times his then annual salary. In the event of termination of Mr. Goldstein’s employment by the Company without cause or
he resigns with good reason (as each term is defined in the Goldstein Employment Agreement), Mr. Goldstein would be entitled to receive his base salary and bonuses from the Company for the remainder
of the term, and his outstanding options would become exercisable and would remain exercisable until the first anniversary of the termination date.  In addition, in the event Mr. Goldstein’s employment with
KICO is terminated by KICO with or without cause, he would be entitled to receive a lump sum payment from KICO equal to six months base salary.

Executive Vice President (KICO)

John D. Reiersen, KICO’s Executive Vice President, is employed pursuant to an employment agreement effective as of November 13, 2006 and amended as of January 25, 2008, February 28, 2011 and
October 14, 2013 (together, the “Reiersen Agreement”). The Reiersen Agreement expires on December 31, 2016 and may be terminated by KICO at any time with or without cause upon written notice. In
the event of termination by KICO, Mr. Reiersen will be entitled to receive severance in an amount equal to the lesser of $50,000 or the remaining salary payable to him through the term of his agreement. 
Pursuant to the Reiersen Agreement, Mr. Reiersen’s minimum annual salary effective from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2014 was $100,000.  His minimum annual salary effective January 1, 2015
is  $105,000.  His  minimum  salary  in  both  periods  is  subject  to  increase  based  upon  the  provision  of  more  than  500  hours  of  service  per  year  on  behalf  of  KICO.    Mr.  Reiersen  also  receives  additional
customary benefits and a $5,000 annual fee for his position as a director of KICO.

F-41

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Approval Required for Transactions with Subsidiary

On July 1, 2009, Kingstone completed the acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding common stock of KICO (formerly known as Commercial Mutual Insurance Company (“CMIC”)) pursuant to the
conversion of CMIC from an advance premium cooperative to a stock property and casualty insurance company. Pursuant to the plan of conversion, Kingstone acquired a 100% equity interest in KICO. In
connection  with  the  plan  of  conversion  of  CMIC,  the  Company  has  agreed  with  the  Department  of  Financial  Services  that  any  intercompany  transaction  between  itself  and  KICO  must  be  filed  with  the
Department 30 days prior to implementation.

Note 18 - Earnings Per Common Share

Basic net earnings per common share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common
share reflect, in periods in which they have a dilutive effect, the impact of common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options.  The computation of diluted earnings per common share excludes those
options with an exercise price in excess of the average market price of the Company’s common shares during the periods presented.

The computation of diluted earnings per common share excludes outstanding options in periods where the exercise of such options would be anti-dilutive. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014,
the inclusion of -0- and 63,356 options, respectively, in the computation of diluted earnings per common share would have been anti-dilutive for the periods and, as a result, the weighted average number of
common shares used in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share has not been adjusted for the effect of such options.

The reconciliation of the weighted average number of common shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share follows:

Weighted average number of shares outstanding
Effect of dilutive securities, common share equivalents

Weighted average number of shares outstanding, used for computing diluted earnings per share

F-42

Year ended
December 31,

2015

2014

7,331,114 
46,766 

7,287,657 
69,305 

7,377,880 

7,356,962 

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Note 19 – Premium Finance Placement Fees

The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Payments Inc. (“Payments”), is licensed as a premium finance agency in the state of New York.  Prior to February 1, 2008, Payments provided premium financing
in connection with the obtaining of insurance policies. Effective February 1, 2008, Payments sold its outstanding premium finance loan portfolio.  The purchaser of the portfolio (the “Purchaser”) agreed that,
during the five year period ended February 1, 2013 (which period was extended to February 1, 2015), it would purchase, assume and service all eligible premium finance contracts originated by Payments
in the state of New York (the “Agreement”). In connection with such purchases, Payments was entitled to receive a fee generally equal to a percentage of the amount financed.

On July 17, 2014, the Purchaser terminated the Agreement effective February 1, 2015. Following any expiration or termination of the obligation of the Purchaser to purchase premium finance contracts,
Payments was entitled to receive the fees for an additional two years (“Termination Period”) with regard to contracts for policies from the Company’s producers. On March 26, 2015, the Company and the
Purchaser agreed to amend the Termination Period to end as of March 31, 2015 (“Termination Date”). The Company received a one-time payment of $350,000 in exchange for the fees that the Company
would have received during the Termination Period. In connection with such agreement, the Company agreed to several restrictive covenants, including that, for a period of eighteen months following the
Termination Date, it would not engage in the premium financing business within New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. The Company’s premium financing business consisted of the placement fees that
Payments earned from placing contracts.

Placement  fee  revenue  included  in  other  income  and  the  related  direct  expenses  included  in  other  operating  expenses  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  net  income  and  comprehensive  income  are  as
follows:

 Placement fee revenue
 Termination fee
 Direct expenses
 Net income before taxes from placement fees

Note 20 - Subsequent Events

For the Year Ended
December 31,

2015

2014

 $

 $

54,343 
350,000 
(12,989)
391,354 

 $

 $

229,738 
- 
(62,610)
167,128 

The Company has evaluated events that occurred subsequent to December 31, 2015 through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued for matters that required disclosure or adjustment
in these consolidated financial statements.

Dividends Declared and Paid

On February 4, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a dividend of $.0625 per share, or $457,604, payable in cash on March 15, 2016 to stockholders of record as of February 29, 2016.

F-43

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 AND 2014

Note 21 – Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

The following is a summary of unaudited quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

 Net premiums earned
 Ceding commission revenue
 Net investment income
 Net realized gain (loss) on sale of investments
 Total revenues
 Loss and loss adjustment expenses
 Commission expense and other underwriting expenses
 Net income
 Basic earnings per share
 Diluted earnings per share

 Net premiums earned
 Ceding commission revenue
 Net investment income
 Net realized gain on sale of investments
 Total revenues
 Loss and loss adjustment expenses
 Commission expense and other underwriting expenses
 Net income
 Basic earnings per share
 Diluted earnings per share

March 31,

June 30,

September 30,

December 31,

Total

2015

 $

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $

10,385,799 
3,089,404 
574,656 
(67,494)
14,613,556 
7,063,217 
6,411,482 
382,499 
0.05 
0.05 

March 31,

5,926,311 
3,381,283 
378,788 
188,348 
10,102,287 
4,324,954 
4,864,257 
327,133 
0.05 
0.04 

 $

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $

10,865,715 
3,655,522 
625,972 
2,263 
15,542,512 
4,770,813 
6,561,827 
2,379,182 
0.32 
0.32 

 $

 $
 $

13,129,604 
2,643,531 
649,441 
(40,487)
16,657,369 
5,050,194 
7,410,407 
2,345,654 
0.32 
0.32 

 $

 $
 $

2014

14,230,964 
2,084,660 
713,821 
55,172 
17,362,297 
6,295,776 
7,766,815 
1,852,285 
0.25 
0.25 

 $

 $
 $

48,612,082 
11,473,117 
2,563,890 
(50,546)
64,175,734 
23,180,000 
28,150,531 
6,959,620 
0.95 
0.94 

June 30,

September 30,

December 31,

Total

6,429,373 
3,706,049 
451,915 
134,602 
10,972,847 
3,007,939 
5,432,867 
1,354,502 
0.19 
0.18 

 $

 $
 $

9,895,000 
3,278,319 
463,513 
115,176 
14,015,734 
4,538,167 
5,951,772 
1,883,681 
0.26 
0.26 

 $

 $
 $

10,377,800 
3,544,460 
505,552 
268,901 
14,960,624 
5,161,128 
6,532,697 
1,763,103 
0.24 
0.24 

 $

 $
 $

32,628,484 
13,910,111 
1,799,768 
707,027 
50,051,492 
17,032,188 
22,781,593 
5,328,419 
0.73 
0.72 

Due to changes in number of shares outstanding from quarter to quarter, the total earnings per share of the four quarters may not necessarily equal the earnings per share for the year.

F-44

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM’S CONSENT

Exhibit 23

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements of Kingstone Companies, Inc. on Form S-3 (No. 333-134102) and Form S-8 (No. 333-132898, No. 333-173351, No. 333-191366
and No. 333-207986) of our report dated March 24, 2016, with respect to our audits of the consolidated financial statements of Kingstone Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and
2014 and for the years then ended, which report is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of  Kingstone Companies, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2015.

/s/ Marcum LLP

Marcum LLP
Melville, NY

March 24, 2016

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
Exhibit 31.a

I, Barry B. Goldstein, certify that:

CERTIFICATION

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kingstone Companies, Inc.;

Based  on  my  knowledge,  this  report  does  not  contain  any  untrue  statement  of  a  material  fact  or  omit  to  state  a  material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations
and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-
15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the small business issuer and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which
this report is being prepared;

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide
reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally
accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure
controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  (the
registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control
over financial reporting; and

The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit
committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

Date: March 24, 2016

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect
the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Barry B. Goldstein
Barry B. Goldstein
Chief Executive Officer

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.b

I, Victor Brodsky, certify that:

CERTIFICATION

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kingstone Companies, Inc.;

Based  on  my  knowledge,  this  report  does  not  contain  any  untrue  statement  of  a  material  fact  or  omit  to  state  a  material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations
and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-
15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the small business issuer and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which
this report is being prepared;

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide
reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally
accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure
controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  (the
registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control
over financial reporting; and

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

Date: March 24, 2016

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect
the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Victor Brodsky
Victor Brodsky
Chief Financial Officer

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

The undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to, and as required by, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Annual Report of Kingstone
Companies, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
and that information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: March 24, 2016

By:

By:

/s/ Barry B. Goldstein
Barry B. Goldstein
Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Victor Brodsky
Victor Brodsky
Chief Financial Officer

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.