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L'Air Liquide S.A.

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FY2015 Annual Report · L'Air Liquide S.A.
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THE 
LONG VIEW

2015   A N N UA L   R EP O R T

A

C

C O N T E N T S

02  

06  
1 2   

 Interview with Benoît Potier,  
Chairman and CEO  

Governance

Strategy

14
16  
20 
22 

AIR LIQUIDE  
IN 2015

 Key figures in action

Our Businesses

Around the world

26
28 
30 
32 
34 

THINKING LONG TERM

 Sasol, large-scale project

CryocapTM, technology of the future
 Healthcare acquisitions accelerating growth
Tomorrow’s leaders

36
38 
40 
42 

CREATING 
VALUE TOGETHER

 Team effort delivers technological breakthrough

Partnering up for air quality

 ALIAD and Sigfox, networked innovation

44
46 
48 
50 

MOVING FORWARD WITH DIGITAL

 Kite: collective intelligence on the rise

 Digital platform enhances customer experience

All you need to know about sleep apnea

52

FINANCIAL  
INFORMATION 

G R O U P   P R O F I L E

leader 

W orld 

in 
gases,  technolo-
gies  and  services 
for   Industry  and 
Health,  Air  Liquide 
is  present  in  80 
countries with more than 50,000 employees 
and serves more than 2 million customers and 
patients. Oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen have 
been at the core of the company’s activities since 
its creation in 1902. Air Liquide’s ambition is to 
be the leader in its industry, delivering long-term 
performance and acting responsibly. 

Air Liquide ideas create value over the long term. 
At the core of the company’s development are 
the commitment and constant inventiveness of 
its people. 

Air  Liquide  anticipates  the  challenges  of  its 
markets, invests locally and globally, and deliv-
ers high-quality solutions to its customers and 
patients, and the scientific community. 

The company relies on competitiveness in its op-
erations, targeted investments in growing mar-
kets and innovation to deliver profitable growth 
over the long-term. 

Air Liquide’s revenue amounted to € 16.4  billion 
in 2015, and its solutions that protect life and 
the environment represented more than 40%  
of sales.   Air Liquide is listed on the Paris Euronext 
stock exchange (compartment A) and is a mem-
ber of the  CAC  40 and Dow Jones Euro Stoxx 50 
indexes.

Visit  
airliquide.com/2015annualreport

Extend your reading experience via your 
computer, tablet or mobile phone: the digital 
annual report offers features in videos, 
interviews and infographics.  
Look for the symbol above, which indicates  
the availability of enriched content.

I N T E R V I E W

Interview with Benoît Potier

Chairman and CEO

for the future. Lastly, it means taking the initiatives today that 
will nourish tomorrow's growth. That's what we did again in 2015 
through our investment decisions, our initiatives for innovation, 
and our actions to improve competitiveness. Similarly, the sign-
ing in November 2015 of the merger agreement for the acqui-
sition of Airgas in the United States is part of this long-term 
vision. In a world that is changing rapidly and thoroughly, it is 
useful to remember these fundamentals, which underpin trust 
over the long term.

# What are your observations on Air Liquide in 2015?
The Group achieved a solid performance last year, delivering 
once again an increase in revenue, operating margin, and net 
profit in the context of slower global growth in 2015. The Group's 
consolidated revenue increased by +6.7%, while Gas and Ser-
vices revenue rose by +6.9%. Business growth was driven by 
momentum in Healthcare and Electronics, as well as the con-
tribution of production unit start-ups in Large Industries. Geo-
graphically, growth was driven by the progressive recovery in 
Europe and by the developing economies. The operating margin 
increased to 17.6% of revenue, benefiting from a high level of 
efficiencies - nearly 300 million euros. Net profit increased by 
+ 5.5%, to 1.76 billion euros, allowing us to propose a higher div-
idend to our shareholders at the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting 
in May 2016. So in 2015, our performance is solid. The Group 
continued to improve its competitiveness and to take growth 
initiatives through its investment decisions and innovations.

# 2015 was also marked by the signature of a merger agree-
ment for the acquisition of Airgas in the United States. 
What are the benefits of this transaction?
The acquisition of Airgas, leading supplier of packaged gases 
and related products in the United States, will be, once it 
is completed(a), a major step in the development and trans-
formation of the Group. First and foremost, this acquisition 
makes good industrial and market sense, offering significant  

(a) Once the regulatory clearances are obtained. 

The long term  
is fundamental  
to our  
development.

# The title of this year’s annual report is “The long view”. 
Why this choice?
This title refers to both the long term, which is our trademark, 
and to the vision that inspires us to build the Group’s future. The 
long term is fundamental to our development, to how we manage 
the company in terms of performance and responsibility, and to 
how we interact with all of our stakeholders: employees, custom-
ers, shareholders, business partners and, more broadly, society.
The very nature of our business and our investments encourages 
us to think long term, which is reflected in our strategy of prof-
itable growth over the long term.
“The long view” also means identifying and observing the major 
trends - in our environment and in society - that will create new 
opportunities, as well as anticipating in order to better prepare 

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I N T E R V I E W

THE LONG 
VIEW

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I N T E R V I E W

Innovation  
is one of the pillars  
of our strategy.

AIR LIQUIDE IS 
WELL POSITIONED 
TO MEET THE 
CHALLENGES OF THE 
TRANSFORMATIONS 
THAT ARE AT WORK 
IN THE WORLD.

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I N T E R V I E W

tion more efficient. Innovation is one of the pillars of our strategy. 
While contributing to the Group's competitiveness, it will open up 
new markets and create new opportunities for growth.

 #  COP21, the 21st United Nations conference on climate, was 
held in Paris in December of 2015. What role did Air Liquide 
play and what do you think of the agreement that was reached?
As an official partner of COP21, we conducted several actions 
before and during the conference. Alongside major internation-
al groups, we signed the "Business Proposals for COP21" in May 
2015. During the conference, we participated in several events, 
including "Solutions COP21" at the Grand Palais, where we pre-
sented our technologies in the areas of hydrogen energy, biometh-
ane, and refrigerated transport, which contribute specifically to the 
energy and ecological transition. Air Liquide also inaugurated the 
first hydrogen charging station in Paris, which enabled the deploy-
ment of the first fleet of hydrogen-powered electric taxis. As for 
the agreement reached in Paris, it includes significant advances. 
Every country in attendance agreed to a common global objective, 
that of containing global warming to 2°C, 1.5° if possible, compared 
to the pre-industrial era. Moreover, we note the recognition of 
the key role played by cities, regions, and businesses, in speeding 
up investments and innovation, both to reduce greenhouse gas 
emissions and attenuate the effects of climate disorder. Of course, 
the success of the agreement depends on its implementation and 
making good on the commitments.

# What are your priorities for 2016?
In 2016, completing the acquisition of Airgas and then the integra-
tion process are a top priority. We will also continue the execution 
of our pending projects, particularly in terms of competitiveness. 
We will launch our new 2016-2020 company program that suc-
ceeds ALMA. We are also continuing to innovate and materialize 
these innovations in our offers: all of this in order to generate prof-
itable growth and achieve our goals.
The level of our investments, the many projects underway, the 
Group's strong capacity for innovation, and the commitment of 
all our employees around the world give me confidence in the 
Air Liquide Group’s prospects for growth over the medium term. We 
are well positioned to meet the challenges of the transformations 
that are at work in the world.

prospects for development. Air Liquide will gain a stronger presence 
in the largest market for industrial gases in the world. We will benefit 
from Airgas’s unrivaled regional coverage in the United States, not 
to mention its e-commerce and telesales capabilities that serve over 
a million customers. We will also be able to deploy our innovations 
and technologies in the United States, relying on digital in particular, 
thus providing greater added value products and services. Last but 
not least, this acquisition will strengthen Air Liquide’s global leader-
ship, increasing Gas and Services revenue by approximately + 30%. 
Already No. 1 in Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Middle East & Africa, 
the Group will also become the leader in North America and will be 
ideally positioned to generate future growth.

 #  Air Liquide continues to step up the pace of innovation. What 
did this strategy achieve in 2015?
There have been numerous advances in innovation. I will just mention 
a few examples. We signed a new contract in connection with the 
ITER international scientific project to supply new cryogenic lines. 
In November 2015, at our largest unit for producing hydrogen via 
natural gas reforming in France, we inaugurated the industrial de-
ployment of CryocapTM, a CO2 cold capture technology. This is a 
world first. In the field of hydrogen energy, new charging stations for 
hydrogen electric vehicles were launched in Europe and Japan. We 
also continued to practice our "open innovation" approach, with many 
outside collaborations worldwide. The creation of the m-Lab ("m" for 
molecules and "Lab" for laboratory) in 2015 also contributes to this 
dynamic: our animation of this international community of scientific 
experts, both internal and external, positions us as a scientific leader 
in the field of Essential Small Molecules and opens the way to new 
applications for our customers. Finally, we created "Global Markets 
& Technologies," a new activity focused on new markets requiring a 
global approach, such as those involved in the energy transition. This 
activity will help to accelerate innovation and make its implementa-

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G O V E R N A N C E

Board of Directors 

 as of December 31, 2015

2015 Highlights

On December 31, 2015, the Board of Directors has twelve 
members, eleven of whom are appointed by the Annual Share-
holders’ Meeting, while the twelfth member representing 
employees is appointed by the France Group Committee. 
Nearly half of the elected members are women. A total of six 
nationalities are represented, from three continents where the 
Group operates: Europe, the Americas, and Asia. They bring a 
wealth of competencies ranging from cosmetics and consumer 
goods to the automotive and oil industries, not to mention 
health/research, chemical pharmaceuticals, and services.

Topics examined by the Board in 2015

• Questions relating to strategy: the main lines of the new 
medium-term company program ; the development strategy 
for the Healthcare activity; Engineering projects; the acqui-
sition of Airgas.
• Questions of governance: changes in composition of the 
Board and its Committees; risk management — in particular, 
risks specific to the Healthcare activity; changes in the long-
term remuneration policy for employees and executives and 
legal age limits for the Executive Officers; the reappointment 
of statutory auditors.
• Questions relating to Corporate Social Responsibility 
(CSR), a topic that lies at the heart of the Group’s stakes: 
special presentation and board discussion of the CSR strategy.

b

d

a

c

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G O V E R N A N C E

9

INDEPENDENT 
MEMBERS

5

WOMEN

6

NATIONALITIES

f

h

j

l

e

g

i

k

a   Geneviève  Berger,  Director  -  b   Pierre  Dufour,  Senior  Executive  Vice-President  -  c   Sin-Leng  Low,  Member  of  the  Audit  and  
Accounts  Committee  -  d   Thierry  Peugeot,  Member  of  the  Audit  and  Accounts  Committee  -  e   Siân  Herbert-Jones,  Chairman  
of the Audit and Accounts Committee -  f  Thierry Desmarest, Lead Director, Chairman of the Appointments and Governance Committee, member 
of the Remuneration Committee -  g  Benoît Potier, Chairman and CEO -   h  Paul Skinner, Member of the Audit and Accounts Committee(a) -  
j  Annette Winkler,  
i
 Karen Katen, Member of the  

 Jean-Paul Agon, Chairman of the Remuneration Committee, Member of the Appointments and Governance Committee - 

Member of the Remuneration Committee -  k  Philippe Dubrulle, Director representing the employees - 
Appointments and Governance Committee 

l

(a) End of mandate: December 31, 2015

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G O V E R N A N C E

In immersion with 
the Healthcare teams

Meeting at Aix-en-Provence, France - September 21, 2015 at 10 am

THE TWELVE MEMBERS OF THE GROUP’S BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

GATHERED NEAR THE CITY OF AIX-EN-PROVENCE IN THE SOUTH OF 

FRANCE, FOR A BOARD MEETING DEVOTED TO HEALTHCARE. THE DUAL 

OBJECTIVE WAS TO PRESENT THE STRATEGIC STAKES OF THE GROUP 

IN THIS ACTIVITY AND TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE SPECIFICITY 

OF HEALTHCARE BUSINESS OPERATIONS WITHIN THE GROUP.

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G O V E R N A N C E

Monday September 21, 2015 

A  fter a working session dedicated to the Group’s 

global strategy, Board members attended a more 
detailed presentation of the Air Liquide strategy 
for its Healthcare businesses. During the presen-
tation, topics of discussion ranged from innovation and geographic 
expansion to actions designed to increase competitiveness. To help 
them better understand the operations of a Home Healthcare 
service provider, each member of the Board of Directors accom-
panied a nurse or a technician from Air Liquide on visits to the 
homes of patients suffering from chronic diseases requiring long-
term care. Through these visits, Board members got a clearer idea 
of the added value of the service delivered at home, which entails 
customized support for each patient to ensure improved compli-
ance to treatment and hence improved quality of life.
To close out this first day, Board members took part in a round-
table discussion involving three major players in France’s health-
care system (healthcare institution, prescriber, patient advocacy 
group) and devoted to the challenges ahead for the treatment and 
care of patients suffering from chronic diseases.

Tuesday September 22, 2015 
Air Liquide’s dedicated center for operating Home Healthcare 
entities, based in Aix-en-Provence, opened its doors to the Board 
members. Under the guidance of representatives of the center’s 
main departments, they were familiarized with the role of each. The 
experience continued with encounters of experts from various areas 
that fall under Air Liquide’s Healthcare activity. Several themes 
were discussed, including the changes at work at the hospital and 

in  medical  gases,  home  healthcare 
services  for  patients  suffering  from 
chronic respiratory diseases or requiring 
treatment by infusion, the development 
of innovative specialty ingredients for 
health and cosmetics, and the latest 
innovations  in  hygiene  and  hospital 
disinfection.

The two-day tour – which was rich in 
encounters and experiences for Board 
members  –  ended  with  a  review  of 
Research & Development activities in 
Healthcare. Healthcare is a robust and 
resilient activity that is one of the Group’s 
long-lasting drivers of growth.

 For more

information on 
the Healthcare 
activity,  
see page 20.

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G O V E R N A N C E

General Management 
& Executive Committee

Chairman and CEO 
Born in 1957 - French

Pierre   
Dufour

Jean-Pierre  
Duprieu

Senior Executive 
Vice-President and Director 
Born in 1955 - Canadian

Benoît   
Potier

Executive Vice-President 
Born in 1952 - French

Michael 
J. Graff

François  
Darchis

Guy  
Salzgeber

Senior Vice-President
Innovation, Digital, Science, 
Technologies, Industrial 
Merchant business line 
Born in 1956 - French

Senior Vice-President
Europe Industries Frankfurt Hub  
Executive Vice-President
Born in 1958 - French

Senior Vice-President
Houston Hub Executive 
Vice-President, also supervising 
the Electronics business line, 
Safety and Industrial Systems
Born in 1955 - American

1 0
1 0

G O V E R N A N C E

François 
Abrial

Jean-Marc   
de Royere

Senior Vice-President
International, Governance, 
Corporate Social Responsibility 
Born in 1965 - French

Vice-President 
Chief Financial Officer 
Finance, Operations Control, 
also supervising the Diving activity 
Born in 1962 - French

Vice-President 
Group Human Resources 
Born in 1962 - French

François 
Jackow

Pascal   
Vinet

Vice-President 
Strategy, Customers,  
also supervising the Dubai Hub 
Born in 1969 - French

Fabienne   
Lecorvaisier

Vice-President 
Global Healthcare Operations 
Born in 1962 - French

Kwong  
Weng Mok

Shanghai Hub  
Executive Vice-President 
Born in 1962 - French

Augustin 
de Roubin

Vice-President 
Deputy Head of Asia 
Born in 1953 - Singaporean

François   
Venet

1 1
1 1

Vice-President, South America 
Born in 1953 - French

S T R A T E G Y

A strategy of profitable 
growth over the long term

AIR LIQUIDE PURSUES A STRATEGY OF PROFITABLE GROWTH 

OVER THE LONG TERM, BASED ON OPERATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS, 

TARGETED INVESTMENTS IN GROWING MARKETS, 

AND CONTINUOUS INNOVATION.

Competitive operations
By staying competitive, Air Liquide is able 
to guarantee that its structural costs remain 
aligned with changes in the consumption needs 
of industrial customers and the evolution of 
healthcare prices. Competitiveness is about 
more than costs and prices; it is also about qual-
ity, reliability and safety, as well as about ensur-
ing that the Group’s offer is backed by sound 
and ergonomic technological content. This is 
how the efficiency gains generated, combined 
with the continuous improvement of existing 
offers and initiatives designed to accelerate 
innovation and technology, make Air Liquide 
highly competitive. 

NEARLY €300 M

IN EFFICIENCY GAINS  
IN 2015

Through Group-wide initiatives and a multitude of 
local projects, in particular in the areas of industry 
and purchasing, Air Liquide generates substantial 
recurring efficiencies. In 2015, the digitization of 
products and equipment monitoring increased, 
allowing for better tracking and inventory 
management, as well as the optimization of on-site 
maintenance. The optimization of delivery routes in 
the Industrial Merchant and Healthcare businesses 
is another key area. The gradual replacement of 
delivery fleets and efforts to limit their speed on the 
road are also initiatives that lower costs and improve 
the environmental footprint of the Group.

1 2

Targeted investments
The Group’s development is largely based on 
its capacity to make selective investments each 
year in growth and competitiveness. Growth in-
vestments are made to generate new revenue 
and are linked, for example, to the awarding of 
new contracts in industry or to acquisitions, 
particularly in the area of healthcare all over 
the world. Similarly, Air Liquide continues each 
year to invest in innovation and technologies 
that will generate its future growth. In addition, 
a portion of its investments is aimed at making 
the Group even more competitive. In particular, 
we are optimizing the safety and performance 
of our industrial installations, while also achiev-
ing cost and energy efficiencies, for example by 
funding upgrade or installation of new optimi-
zation hardware and software.

S T R A T E G Y

€2.4 Bn

IN INVESTMENT DECISIONS 
IN 2015

This year, investment decisions are 
related in particular to the awarding of 
new contracts in industry. Unchanged 
versus 2014, industrial investments 
are split evenly among all geographic 
regions. The signature of the Sasol 
project in South Africa is one such 
investment (see page 28).  
New acquisitions in home healthcare 
and hygiene are distributed among 
Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Americas 
(see page 32). 

Continuous innovation
At the heart of the Air Liquide strategy,  
innovation  guarantees  the  Group’s 
competitiveness and contributes to its 
growth. The Group relies on its scientific 
and technological expertise - represented 
by  its  Research  &  Development 
department,  its  Engineering  and 
Construction business, and its centers 
of expertise - as well as structures that 
promote  the  entrepreneurial  spirit. 
In creating the new "Global Markets 
&  Technologies"  activity  in  2015, 
 Air Liquide is focusing on new markets 
requiring a global approach. Similarly, 
the i-Lab, the laboratory for new ideas 
created by Air Liquide, and ALIAD, the 
venture capital structure set up to invest 
in technology start-ups, complete the 
Group’s system for innovation. To back 
this  internal  ecosystem,  Air  Liquide 
initiated a process of "open innovation." 
Today  the  Group  cultivates  external 
collaborations all over the world: with 

customers,  universities,  research 
institutes, SMEs, and start-ups. Well 
connected  to  the  global  innovation 
ecosystem,  Air  Liquide  can  better 
anticipate market trends and practices, 
explore new growth opportunities, and 
create value for all its stakeholders.

1 3

6,200  

EMPLOYEES 
CONTRIBUTE TO 
INNOVATION

In 2015, Research & Development created 
the m-Lab (m for molecules and Lab for 
Laboratory), an international community 
of internal and external scientists and 
experts (academics, start-ups, researchers 
and private experts). This open community 
focuses on the Essential Small Molecules, 
such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and 
carbon dioxide, which represent Air Liquide’s 
scientific territory. They have a wide variety 
of physical and chemical properties and 
are essential to life, matter and energy. 
As part of this effort, the Group launched 
a contest called "the Air Liquide Essential 
Molecules Challenge," asking participants 
to propose scientific research projects 
on topics related to societal and 
environmental challenges.  

Bayport industrial site near Houston 
in the United States. The site includes air gas, 
cogeneration and hydrogen production units.

1 4

AIR LIQUIDE

i n   2 0 1 5

THROUGHOUT THE YE AR, THE GROUP CONTINUED TO 

SIGN NEW CONTRACTS, INVEST IN PROMISING M ARKE TS 

AND IMPROVE ITS COMPE TITIVENESS. IT ALSO CRE ATED 

THE ACTIVIT Y “GLOBAL M ARKE TS & TECHNOLOGIES” 

TO ENHANCE ITS INNOVATION STRATEGY.

T he Group achieved a solid 

performance,  delivering 
once  again  an  increase  in 
revenue,  operating  mar-
gin  and  net  profit,  in  the 
context  of  slower  global 
growth in 2015. Healthcare and Electronics 
were particularly dynamic and Large Industries 
benefited from start-ups and ramp-ups of new 
production units. For Industrial Merchant, the 
situation was more contrasted. Geographically, 
activity was driven by the gradual recovery in 
Europe and by the developing economies.
The highlights of 2015 include the signature 
of new industrial contracts in growing mar-
kets, for example in South Africa with the 
customer Sasol (see page 28); new contracts 
in China for the energy and copper sectors; in 
Asia-Pacific to supply ultra-pure nitrogen for 
the semiconductor industry; and in Colombia, 
with Latin America’s biggest beverage suppli-
er. The Group also successfully started up the 
Yanbu hydrogen production facility in Saudi 

Arabia. In Healthcare, Air Liquide made ac-
quisitions in Home Healthcare and Hygiene 
(see page 32).
There were also numerous advances in inno-
vation, whether as part of the international 
scientific project ITER or with the inaugura-
tion of the CryocapTM technology in France, 
a world first (see page 30). Similarly, new 
charging  stations  for  hydrogen-powered 
electric vehicles were launched in Europe 
and Japan, as well as in the center of  Paris 
during  the  United  Nations’  Internation-
al Conference on Climate Change. All of 
these achievements illustrate Air Liquide's 
contribution to the diversification of energy 
sources and environmental protection.
Another highlight of the year was the sig-
nature of a merger agreement for the ac-
quisition of Airgas in the United States (see 
page 24). Once completed, this acquisition 
will represent a major step in Air Liquide's 
history and ideally position the Group to 
generate future growth.

1 5

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

2015
KEY 
FIGURES
in
ACTION

16,380

million euros
Revenue

Group revenue
(in millions of euros)

14,752
Gas and 
Services

775
Engineering  
and  
Construction

292
Global 
Markets & 
Technologies

561
Other activities 
(Diving and 
Welding)

Gas and Services  
revenue by world business line  
(in millions of euros)

5,201
Large  
Industries

5,229
Industrial 
Merchant

2,799
Healthcare

1,523
Electronics

Gas and Services  
revenue by geography

46%
Europe

26%
Asia-Pacific

24%
Americas

4%
Middle East  
and Africa

400,000

INDIVIDUAL SHAREHOLDERS

1,756

million euros
Net profit

2.60

DIVIDEND PER SHARE (a)
(in euros)

GROUP 
SHAREHOLDING

64%
institutional 
shareholders

36%
individual 
shareholders

(a)  Proposed at the May 12, 2016 Annual General Shareholders Meeting.

1 6

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

A responsible 
performance

IN 2015, THE GROUP ACHIEVED ANOTHER SOLID PERFORMANCE. 

THIS PERFORMANCE IS INSEPARABLE FROM THE RESPONSIBLE APPROACH 

THAT SHAPES THE WAY WE ACT AND WORK OVER TIME WITH ALL OUR STAKEHOLDERS. 

HERE, THE GROUP'S RESPONSIBLE PERFORMANCE IS DECIPHERED IN 5 KEY POINTS.

Group revenue

€16,380 M

OVER 40%

OF REVENUE IS LINKED 
TO PROTECTING LIFE  
AND THE ENVIRONMENT

# ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH

The percentage of Air Liquide’s total revenue related to life and the 
environment grew significantly between 2005 and 2014, from over 30% 
to over 40% of total Group revenue. This growth demonstrates that 
Air Liquide is committed to developing applications that protect the lives 
of patients and enable customers to improve their environmental footprint 
and reduce their own CO2 emissions. 
In industry, the lines of development are numerous. They include energy 
efficiency (the use of oxygen in blast furnaces to reduce coke consumption, 
rare gases to improve the insulation of double glazing, etc.), modified 
atmosphere packaging to protect foods and reduce the use of chemical 
additives, the treatment of water with oxygen at sewage plants to reduce 
the use of chemicals, etc. In the field of healthcare, they include the use 
of oxygen in hospitals and at the home of patients, hygiene products to 
help fighting against nosocomial infections, or also the production of 
vaccine adjuvants.

(a)  Proposed at the May 12, 2016 Annual General Shareholders Meeting.

1 7

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

# TALENT

Equality between men and women is an essential point in the expression 
of the diversity of the Group. Several years ago, Air Liquide established a 
comprehensive action plan and, between 2003 and 2015, the percentage 
of women among engineers and managers went from 14% to 29%. This 
percentage is slightly higher than the overall percentage of women in the 
Group (28%), illustrating that women are well represented in the ranks of 
management  at  Air  Liquide.  In  addition,  women  represent  38%  of 
employees considered to have high potential. And five women are now 
members of the Group Board of Directors.
A priority of the human resources policy, diversity among employees is a 
source of dynamism, creativity, and performance. In particular, it must be 
reflective  of  the  geographical  diversity  of  Air  Liquide’s  customers. 
Air Liquide is also working to develop the skills and expertise of all its 
employees through its training policy, which allows them to work safely 
and improve their performance and employability.

# CUSTOMERS AND PATIENTS

A priority for Air Liquide, customer and patient satisfaction is measured 
via satisfaction surveys that lead to action plans for continuous improvement. 
Relationships with industrial customers of various sizes and from various 
sectors, as well as relationships with healthcare professionals, patients, and 
their advocacy groups, are key for the teams and guide the development 
of the Group. Every entity and every employee are involved. The quality 
of the relationship is based on the definition of specific commitments that 
Air Liquide teams strive to respect daily, with professionalism and service.
In 2015, 9,800 surveys were accompanied by 450 customer and patient 
visits and more than 100 new action plans were launched. For the third 
consecutive year, 25 countries have implemented this program. 

+50,000

EMPLOYEES

29%

OF GROUP MANAGERS 
ARE WOMEN

+2 MILLION 
CUSTOMERS 
AND PATIENTS

WORLDWIDE

87%

(39% IN 2011)

PERCENTAGE OF GROUP SALES 
GENERATED BY ENTITIES WHERE 
CUSTOMER AND PATIENT 
SATISFACTION SURVEYS HAVE 
BEEN CONDUCTED, WITH RELATED 
ACTION PLANS 

THE TARGET OF 85% SET FOR 2015 
WAS THUS EXCEEDED.

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A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

€282 M

EXPENSES DEDICATED 
TO INNOVATION

ALMOST 60%

OF INNOVATION(a) EXPENSES 
ARE RELATED TO PROJECTS 
THAT HELP TO PROTECT LIFE 
 AND THE ENVIRONMENT

# INNOVATION

Innovation, one of the pillars of the Group's strategy, allows Air Liquide to 
ensure its competitiveness, to open up new markets, and to create new 
opportunities for growth. Innovation projects that pertain to environmental 
protection focus on the capture and recovery of CO2, second-generation 
biofuels, and biogas purification. In the field of health and hygiene, research 
focuses on medical gases used in analgesia, respiratory diseases, as well as 
on hygiene products.

(a)  Innovation  expenses  correspond  to  the  OECD  definition,  namely  research  and 
development, market launch and marketing expenses for new offers and products.  

# SAFETY

To sustainably improve the health and safety at work of its employees and 
its subcontractors, Air Liquide has deployed an industrial management 
system (IMS) since 2005 that has fundamentally changed the way we work 
and strengthened the process for managing safety, reliability, environmental 
protection, and industrial risk management. Prevention, protection, early 
detection and rapid response... Whatever the country and whatever the 
actual situation in the field, safety applies in three key dimensions: protect 
people at work, ensure road safety, and guarantee process safety.

Geographic footprint

80 

COUNTRIES

1.5

EMPLOYEE LOST-TIME  
ACCIDENT FREQUENCY RATE 
(PER MILLION HOURS WORKED)

RATE ON A COMPARABLE SCOPE BASIS 
SHOWS CLEAR IMPROVEMENT OVER 
THE PREVIOUS YEAR.

1 9

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

 Our Businesses

g a s   a n d   s e r v i c e s

# LARGE INDUSTRIES
We provide our customers with industrial gas solutions essential to their own 
production, as well as technologies that deliver performance and energy 
efficiency. Our unmatched networks of production units linked to pipelines 
worldwide enable us to supply gases to the world’s major industrial basins 
and guarantee customers a high level of reliability and uninterrupted 
supply of gas over the long term.

# HEALTHCARE
As a recognized leader in medical gases, home healthcare, hygiene products 
and healthcare specialty ingredients, we provide to healthcare professionals 
and patients customized and effective products and services, which 
contribute to protect vulnerable lives. Present in the continuum of care from 
hospital to home, we accompany 1.3 million patients in the world and we 
strive to constantly improve our offer in order to better respond to the needs 
of patients and healthcare professionals.

35%

OF 2015  
GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE

419 UNITS 

WORLDWIDE

19%

OF 2015 
GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE

 7,500 HOSPITALS 

SUPPLIED 
WORLDWIDE

# INDUSTRIAL MERCHANT 
With a historical presence in numerous industrial sectors and dense geographic 
coverage, we offer daily support to more than one million customers worldwide, 
whether for multinational corporations or independent craftsmen. We offer 
solutions adapted to every stage of the production process: industrial and 
specialty gases, application technologies and related services. Inventiveness, 
strong customer proximity and relationships based on trust guide our teams’ 
commitment to moving industries forward. The applications are infinite — oxy-
combustion, water treatment, inerting,... — with  permanent development.

# ELECTRONICS
Long-term provider of innovative solutions for the markets of 
semiconductors, solar cells and flat panel displays, we contribute to the 
innovation of the world’s most advanced companies in the electronic 
industry. As a world reference in the design, manufacturing and delivery of 
molecules, we design for our clients the infinitely small and enable them to 
think amazingly big. Our wide range of customized services and equipment 
facilitate uninterrupted on-site management of gas in compliance with 
the highest standards of safety.

36%

OF 2015  
GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE

+ 1

MILLION  
CUSTOMERS

10%

OF 2015 
GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE

3 MARKETS: 

SEMICONDUCTORS, 
PHOTOVOLTAICS 
AND FLAT PANEL DISPLAYS

2 0

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

# ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION 
Partner of choice for the design, engineering and construction of state-
of-the-art production units worldwide, for Air Liquide and third-party 
customers, we deliver innovative technologies and create durable solutions 
that respond to the challenges of our customers. Our industrial gas 
production, energy conversion and gas purification technologies enable 
customers to benefit from a wide range of industrial process operations 
and optimize the use of natural resources.

o t h e r   a c t i v i t i e s

# WELDING
Air Liquide Welding develops welding and cutting technologies. In more 
than 80 countries,  it offers its clients a complete range of equipments, 
consumables and combined services. With our development teams,  
we are constantly innovating in this field. 

15

ENGINEERING CENTERS 
WORLDWIDE 

5 BRANDS: OERLIKON,  

SAF-FRO, CEMONT, WELDTEAM 
AND WELDLINE

# GLOBAL MARKETS & TECHNOLOGIES
The new activity “Global Markets & Technologies” focuses on new markets 
requiring a global approach – those relating to the energy transition, 
such as hydrogen energy; markets with high technology content 
(aerospace, space); and those relating to the maritime sector, such as 
offshore platforms or maritime transport of high value-added molecules. 
We rely on science, technologies, business models and digital usages. 

# DIVING 
Present in more than 50 countries, Air Liquide subsidiary Aqua Lung 
International is the world leader in personal aquatic equipment for 
recreational and professional use. A historical expert in SCUBA diving, 
Aqua Lung has expanded its offering to complementary areas such as 
swimming, aqua fitness and free diving.

1,400

EMPLOYEES

+70

YEARS OF 
EXPERIENCE

2 1

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

Europe

AROUND
the
WORLD

SALES GROWTH IN 2015 

WAS DRIVEN BY EUROPE’S 

PROGRESSIVE RECOVERY 

AND BY THE DEVELOPING 

ECONOMIES. IN NORTH 

AMERICA, THE YEAR WAS 

MARKED BY A SLOWDOWN 

IN SECTORS RELATED TO OIL 

AND GAS PRODUCTION. 

REVENUE GROWTH IN 

ASIA-PACIFIC WAS DRIVEN 

BY JAPAN’S RESILIENCE AND 

THE PERSISTANCE OF SUSTAINED 

GROWTH IN CHINA. AS FOR 

THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA, 

SALES REFLECT THE START-UP 

OF OUR LARGE HYDROGEN 

PRODUCTION PLANT IN YANBU, 

SAUDI ARABIA.

Gas and Services revenue.
All figures are on a comparable basis 
(2015/2014 changes): adjusted for currency, 
energy and significant scope impacts.

2 2

Dormagen, state-of-the-art Steam Methane Reformer unit.  

In 2015, Europe benefited from the good development in 
Healthcare and an improvement in certain industrial sectors. 
Growth for the year reached 3.4%,  gaining strength in the sec-
ond half (+4.8%) that was driven mainly by the start-up of new 
production units for Large Industries in Germany (see focus) 
and in Benelux. Industrial Merchant posted positive growth in 
the second half thanks to a slight increase in liquid gas volumes. 
Healthcare currently accounts for a third of all business in 
 Europe. Its dynamic development reflects several factors: ris-
ing demand in Home Healthcare; acquisitions made during the 
year in  Germany, France, Ireland, and the Czech Republic (see 
page 32); and strong growth in the Hygiene business.

€6,749 M

2015 GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE 

Dormagen, state-of-the-art Steam Methane Reformer unit.  

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

Asia-Pacific

Sales in the region rose by 5.7%. Sales in China 
rose by 11.4% in 2015, mainly driven by Large 
Industries and the ramp-up of units that started 
operating there in 2014. Revenue increased 
in Japan, boosted by the Electronics activity 
and in particular by strong sales of advanced 
molecules. The Electronics activity performed 
well  throughout  the  region,  with  sales  up 
+15.1%.  Industrial  Merchant  sales,  stable  in 
the region, grew strongly in Southeast Asia 
excluding Singapore. The Group has completed 
construction of the new Research & Technology 
center  in  Shanghai,  China,  reinforcing  its 
innovation ecosystem in the area.

€3,850 M

2015 GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE   

ELECTRONICS: 
NEW CONTRACTS

The enthusiasm for smartphones and 
other mobile devices on a global scale 
is also reinforcing demand for more 
efficient semiconductor components, 
such as mobile app processors, wireless 
communication chips, and memory. This 
trend has gained strength thanks to the 
Internet of Things and the rise of Big Data. 
Against this buoyant backdrop, Air Liquide 
signed several new long-term contracts 
in 2015 with the major semiconductor 
manufacturers in Japan, in Singapore, and 
in Taiwan. The Group will invest more than 
100 million euros for the supply of ultra-
pure carrier gases — such as nitrogen —  
to customer fabs that manufacture 
integrated circuits and memory for 
consumer electronics and mobile devices.  
These investments in world class efficiency 
ultra-high purity on-site nitrogen 
generation systems represent a total 
capacity of more than 100,000 Nm3/hour 
of nitrogen. 

Electronics, serving the development of the Internet of Things.

2 3

DORMAGEN

In April 2015, Air Liquide inaugurated 
a state-of-the-art Steam Methane 
Reformer (SMR(a)) unit in Germany’s 
Chempark Dormagen site. This highly 
flexible unit has a production capacity 
of 22,000 tons of hydrogen and 120,000 
tons of carbon monoxide per year. The 
top priority is to supply large quantities 
of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to 
the new plant operated by the German 
chemical giant Covestro, previously 
named Bayer MaterialScience. Its plant is 
dedicated to the production of TDI (toluene 
diisocyanate), used in particular in the 
production of polyurethane foams for the 
auto industry. Connected to Air Liquide’s 
600 kilometer Rhine-Ruhr pipeline, the 
new production unit will also allow 
Air Liquide to provide its other customers 
in the region with hydrogen. 

(a) By steam reforming natural gas, an SMR 
(Steam Methane Reformer) produces hydrogen 
and carbon monoxide.

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

Americas

The combination of Air Liquide and Airgas will bring together two complementary businesses.

Sales in the region increased by a slight 0.3%. In North 
America, a slowdown occurred in 2015 in sectors related to 
oil and gas production and metal fabrication, which impacts 
Industrial Merchant. In Electronics, growth was significant in 
carrier gases, specialty gases, and services, and remains very 
dynamic in advanced materials. For Large Industries, growth 
picked up in the second half of the year in the Americas. 
In Healthcare, where sales increased by +7.1%, activity was 
particularly dynamic in Canada and South America.

€3,595 M

2015 GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE

AIRGAS

In November 2015, Air Liquide signed  
a merger agreement to acquire Airgas,  
the leading supplier of industrial, medical 
and specialty gases in the United States. 
Once completed, this major combination will 
strengthen Air Liquide’s global leadership 
position. Already number 1 in Europe,  
in Middle East and Africa, and in Asia-Pacific, 
the Group will also become the leader  
in the North American market, and  
will swell its presence in the United States.  
For the customers of the two companies,  
the opportunities are numerous. Indeed, 
the strong complementarity of the two 
companies will allow them to offer products 
and services with greater added value that 
are even more innovative, both in North 
America and the rest of the world. Air Liquide 
will be ideally positioned to generate the 
growth of tomorrow thanks to a stronger 
presence in the U.S. market, the world’s 
largest for industrial gases and a unique 
platform to accelerate digital transformation 
in the Industrial Merchant business.

2 4

A I R   L I Q U I D E   I N   2 0 1 5

Middle East and Africa

The Middle East and Africa recorded strong growth 
of 24.2%, thanks to the start-up of two large hy-
drogen production units in Yanbu in Saudi Arabia in 
the 2nd quarter (see focus). With this start-up, the 
Group increased its hydrogen production capacity 
by 20%. In South Africa, the Group signed a ma-
jor contract in 2015 to build, own, and operate the 
largest oxygen production unit in the world (see page 
28). Lastly, the Healthcare activity is pursuing its 
development in this country beyond the respiratory 
field, providing home healthcare services for patients 
with chronic diseases.

€558 M

2015 GAS AND SERVICES 
REVENUE 

YANBU

In the first half of 2015, Air Liquide 
started up its very large-scale 
hydrogen production site, located 
in Saudi Arabia’s Yanbu Industrial 
City. Initially announced in 2010, 
this project, in which more than  
350 million euros were invested,  
is the largest industrial investment 
and hydrogen outsourcing 
contract in the Group’s history. 
With a total hydrogen production 
capacity of 340,000 Nm3/hour, 
the site – composed of two 
hydrogen production units and 

one purification unit – will provide 
hydrogen for YASREF (a joint 
venture involving the Saudi-based 
Saudi Aramco and China’s Sinopec), 
the region’s largest refinery. The 
decision to outsource the hydrogen 
production of such a large refinery 
is a first in the Middle East and  
a good illustration of the Group’s 
ability to offer its customers 
high value added solutions that 
contribute to their competitiveness 
over the long term.

Yanbu, the largest industrial project in Air Liquide's history.

2 5

Production unit at Rozenburg in the Netherlands,  
one of Air Liquide's largest sites in the Benelux countries.

2 6

THINKING

l o n g   t e r m

T H I N K I N G   LO N G   T E R M   I S   A N   A I R   L I Q U I D E   T R A D E M A R K . 

C R E AT E D   M O R E   T H A N   10 0   Y E A R S   A G O,   T H E   G R O U P 

A LWAY S   LO O K S   F U R T H E R .

A ir Liquide’s long-term 

vision is rooted in the 
nature  of  some  of 
its  businesses,  such 
as  Large  Industries, 
where  contracts  of 
15-20 years are the norm. It is reflected in 
the Group's strategy of delivering profit-
able growth over the long term. This vision 
is also expressed through the way the Group 
is managing, investing, opening new mar-
kets and innovating. Finally, it is illustrated 
in how we develop talent and build relations 
with our stakeholders: employees, custom-
ers, shareholders, partners and society as a 
whole.
Thinking long term also means anticipating 
the major challenges facing our society. The 
Group has identified three major trends that 
represent  opportunities  for  growth:  the  
energy and ecological transition, the changes  
in healthcare and the digitization (see ded-
icated chapter on page 44).

The  challenges  of  energy  transition  are 
multiple. Through its new large scale proj-

ects, such as for its customer Sasol in South 
Africa (see page 28), or as sources of fu-
ture technologies like CryocapTM in France 
(see page 30), Air Liquide offers energy 
solutions that help customers efficiently 
improve their competitiveness and reduce 
their ecological footprint.

Air Liquide also provides solutions to the 
evolving world of healthcare to face the 
challenges  of  lengthening  lifespans,  the 
increase in chronic diseases and the rising 
demand for healthcare in developing econ-
omies. Acquisitions made in the Healthcare 
sector in 2015 (page 32) demonstrate the 
company’s ongoing commitment to pro-
viding new product offerings and services 
that benefit healthcare professionals and 
patients.

Finally, Air Liquide also looks to the future 
in preparing employees to become tomor-
row’s leaders (page 34). Through its train-
ing, mentoring and mobility programs, the 
Group supports employees in their careers 
over the long term.

2 7
2 7

T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

Sasol, 
large-scale project

THE WORLD’S LARGEST OXYGEN PRODUCTION UNIT WILL BE LOCATED AT 

THE SECUNDA SITE IN SOUTH AFRICA. THE INDUSTRIAL COMPANY SASOL, 

A LONG-STANDING CUSTOMER, ENTRUSTED AIR LIQUIDE WITH THE UNIT’S 

CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION FOR THE NEXT TWENTY YEARS.

Sasol's industrial site at Secunda in South Africa.

T hrough  their  40-year  partnership, 

Air  Liquide  and  Sasol,  an  international 
integrated energy and chemicals company, 
have  worked  together  in  developing  a 
major oxygen production site at Secunda, consisting of 
16 Air Separation Units (ASU). The units, the world’s 
largest ever designed, were built for the customer by Air 
Liquide’s Engineering and Construction teams through six 
successive orders spanning a number of years. The massive 
17th ASU, with yet unsurpassed dimensions, opens a new 
chapter of this long-term partnership based on trust.

A major milestone
The 20-year industrial gas supply contract signed in 2015 
represents an important step forward in this partnership 
as it is the first time that Sasol will be outsourcing the 

oxygen it needs to produce synthetic fuels at Secunda. 
Air Liquide will invest around 200 million euros to build 
and operate the world’s largest ASU. With total capacity 
of 5,000 tons of oxygen per day(a), the unit is designed to 
ensure maximum efficiency and safety, helping to improve 
the reliability of the entire Secunda site and extend its life 
until 2050. It will also enable Air Liquide to supply oxygen, 
nitrogen and liquid argon to Industrial Merchant custom-
ers in the region, capitalizing on the growing market for 
industrial gases in South Africa.

Record-setting ASU
With start-up scheduled for the end of 2017, the new 
unit will set new records for size: from the biggest 
air compressor ever built, driven by a 65-megawatt 
motor, to the air distillation columns integrating latest 

2 8

T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

AIR LIQUIDE 
IN SOUTH AFRICA

Present in the country for over 60 years, Air Liquide employs today 
800 people and continues to expand its business. It provides industrial 
gases and specialty gases in several industries: steel, automotive, food and 
beverage, mining, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and glass. A leader 
in home healthcare services with nearly 9,000 patients taken care of, 
Air Liquide is also well positioned in the market for medical gases. With 
its latest project for Sasol, the Group confirms its industry leadership and 
expertise in advanced technologies, while renewing its commitment to 
contributing to southern Africa’s development.

THE WORLD’S 
BIGGEST ASU

€200 M

INVESTMENT

170,000

HOURS OF 
ENGINEERING  

PROJECTED ENERGY SAVINGS

30MEGAWATTS SAVED 

EACH YEAR

equivalent consumption 
of 20,000 homes

500,000 m3

OF WATER SAVED EACH YEAR

230,000

TONS OF CO2 EMISSIONS 
AVOIDED EACH YEAR

equivalent 
emissions of a 
European city 
of 26,000 
people

design developments, providing efficiency benefits, 
including during their transportation. Air Liquide is 
manufacturing them in its new Engineering and Con-
struction Manufacturing Center in Ras-Al-Khaimah, 
in the United Arab Emirates, located on the seacoast, 
which will greatly facilitate their transport by ship to 
South Africa.

In addition to the technological challenge, the new 
Sasol project represents an extraordinary human 
achievement,  involving  Air  Liquide  teams  world-
wide. The Engineering and Construction centers in 
Champigny and Vitry in France, Delhi in India and 
Johannesburg in South Africa are at the center of the 
international coordination that is key to the project’s 
success.

Long-lasting efficiencies
The new ASU will benefit from the most advanced 
methodologies and technologies implemented by the 
Engineering and Construction teams, generating effi-
ciencies at different levels. For example, energy use, 
which has improved by 25% over 40 years. Identifying 
efficiencies is a focus that begins with the design of 
the unit in order to ensure optimum levels of reliability 
as part of a highly responsible approach.

(a) Secunda being located at an altitude of 1,600 meters, the 
production capacity is equivalent to 5,800 tons per day at sea-
level.

2 9

T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

CryocapTM,  
technology of the future

100,000
tons of co2 

ANNUAL CAPTURE 
CAPACITY OF CRYOCAPTM 
AT THE PORT-JÉRÔME  
SITE

How is Air Liquide 
investing in  
a decarbonized future?

Find out on
airliquide.com/2015annualreport

3 0

 
T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

DISRUPTIVE 
TECHNOLOGY

CryocapTM allows for the capture of CO2 
emissions released during the production 
of hydrogen through the natural gas 
reforming process, while also improving 
efficiency via higher hydrogen production 
levels. The CryocapTM technology entails 
using low temperatures to compress, 
liquefy, and then separate gases. 
CryocapTM captures the CO2 generated 
– up to 90% of total emissions – and 
recovers the residual hydrogen. To refine 
this technology of the future, Air Liquide 
invested around 30 million euros and 
benefited from public funding to the tune 
of almost 9 million euros.

I t's a world premiere. In November 2015, 

Air Liquide inaugurated in France CryocapTM, 
a unique industrial installation that enables 
the capture of CO2 via a cryogenic process. 
Implemented for the very first time in Port-Jérôme, 
at Air Liquide’s major hydrogen production unit in 
France, CryocapTM is the fruit of a collaborative effort 
involving Air Liquide’s Research & Development, Engi-
neering and Construction, and French operational teams.

Upgrading the CO2
Above  and  beyond  the  environmental  value  of 
Cryocap TM,  this  technology  also  presents  an 
economic  interest.  Indeed,  the  captured  CO2  is 
purified and packaged for sale. At the Port-Jérôme 
site, CryocapTM enables the recovery of 100,000 
tons of CO2 per year, which are valorized to meet the 
needs of numerous local customers. Among them, 
food-related industries use it in freezing, beverage 
carbonation, and food preservation. It is also used in 
greenhouse farming, where it speeds up the process 

of photosynthesis and improves crop yields. Lastly, 
its slight acidity makes CO2 a valued component 
of  water  treatment,  regulating  pH  content  and 
neutralizing effluents. In addition, it has the ability 
to remineralize some drinking water.

Blue Hydrogen
CryocapTM is part of the Blue Hydrogen initiative of 
Air Liquide, whose aim is to gradually move toward 
the carbon-free production of hydrogen dedicated 
to energy applications. Specifically, Air Liquide has 
pledged that by 2020 it will produce at least 50% 
of the hydrogen needed for these applications, from 
carbon-free energy sources by using, for example, 
the technologies for the capture and enhancement 
of  CO2.  In  fact,  the  Cryocap TM  technology  is 
contributing to carbon-free hydrogen mobility for 
the hydrogen-powered electric vehicles being put on 
the market.

Find out on

airliquide.com/2015annualreport

3 1

T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

Healthcare acquisitions 
accelerating growth

T H E   G R O U P ' S   H E A LT H C A R E   B U S I N E S S   H A S   D E V E LO P E D 

O V E R   T H E   Y E A R S   T H R O U G H   S O L I D   O R G A N I C   G R O W T H 

A N D   TA R G E T E D   A CQ U I S I T I O N S   I N   H O M E   H E A LT H C A R E 

A N D   H YG I E N E ,   B OT H   W I T H I N   A N D   B E YO N D   E U R O P E .

MORE THAN  
€1 Bn

OF INVESTMENT IN 
HEALTHCARE ACQUISITIONS 
IN 5 YEARS

Czech Republic    
 BOCHEMIE 

D uring the past forty years, the Group has become 

a major actor of healthcare, gaining recognition 
for its expertise and know-how from both health-
care professionals and patients. In 2015, the Group 
continued its strategy of targeted acquisitions, enabling it to 
consolidate its positions, solidify its presence in key countries 
and extend its service offer to support patients and healthcare 
professionals throughout the continuum of care. Air Liquide 
knows how to adapt to various established healthcare systems 
and their extent of maturity, depending on existing financing 
mechanisms. 

A strategy of targeted acquisitions 
According to local stakes, the Group considers three types of 
acquisitions. The first are those that strengthen its geographic 
presence, as is the case in Europe with the Irish company Bay-
water Healthcare Ireland Ltd. Acquired by Air Liquide in June 
2015, the company has been a major player in Ireland’s home 
healthcare sector for thirty years, recognized for its expertise 
in the treatment and monitoring of respiratory diseases in the 
patient's home, including oxygen therapy, treatment of sleep 

apnea and non-invasive ventilation. The acquisition positions 
Air Liquide to develop on a new growth market in Europe.

Other targeted acquisitions allow Air Liquide to enter new 
regions, such as in Eastern Europe with the Czech company 
Bochemie’s hygiene division or in Asia-Pacific with Antisepsis 
Healthcare Solutions (HAS), the disinfection and skin hygiene 
business of Advanced Sterilization Products, a division of 
Ethicon, Inc. (see focus).

Finally, certain acquisitions may lead to the deployment of 
new services, such as Optimal Medical Therapies, a specialist 
in providing home healthcare services for patients in Germany 
suffering from chronic illnesses requiring infusion therapy. In 
taking a majority stake (65%) in January 2015, Air Liquide 
reinforced its expertise in infusion therapy, including treatment 
of pulmonary hypertension. The acquisition illustrates the 
Group's commitment to combining innovative technologies 
and high added value care to treat patients suffering from 
chronic illnesses.

3 2

Healthcare acquisitions 

accelerating growth

T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

Ireland
BAYWATER 
HEALTHCARE  
IRELAND

Germany 
OPTIMAL 
MEDICAL 
THERAPIES 

Asia-Pacific
HEALTHCARE  
ANTISEPSIS  
SOLUTIONS 

Responsible approach
These acquisitions also enable Air Liquide to fully establish its 
presence in a country by sharing its know-how and expertise 
and  adopting  an  open  innovation  approach.  Air  Liquide 
applies a responsible policy of integrating new acquisitions, 
assimilating new team members and deploying its methods 
and best practices, including in terms of safety. Knowledge 
sharing between teams is also encouraged in order to best serve 
patients and healthcare professionals.

How is Air Liquide reinforcing 
its expertise on Parkinson's 
disease? 

Find out on  
airliquide.com/2015annualreport

3 3

HEALTHCARE ANTISEPSIS 
 SOLUTIONS OPENS NEW 
DOORS IN ASIA-PACIFIC

The June 2015 acquisition of Healthcare Antisepsis 
Solutions (HAS) by Schülke – an Air Liquide subsidiary 
specializing in hygiene, disinfection and prevention of 
contamination in medical environments - opens new 
geographies for the Group and enriches its existing 
product portfolio. The wide range of HAS solutions 
for skin disinfection in hospitals (antimicrobial gel, 
antiseptic solutions, disinfectants...) are distributed in 
numerous countries in the Asia-Pacific region under 
the renowned Microshield® brand name. 
This acquisition represents a major geographic 
expansion of Air Liquide’s Hygiene activities. 
Leveraging the experience of its existing teams,  
the Group is pursuing the development and 
distribution of HAS products in new countries 
and with an expanded range of proposed solutions. 

Bertrand Masselot
Managing Director, Schülke

WE WERE ABLE TO COMPLETE THE 
ACQUISITION OF HAS AND INTEGRATE ITS 
ACTIVITIES AND TEAMS IN RECORD TIME, 
THANKS PARTICULARLY TO THE  
AIR LIQUIDE HEALTHCARE TEAMS 
ALREADY BASED IN THE REGION. THIS 
ACQUISITION OPENS UP A NUMBER  
OF PROSPECTS, INCLUDING IMPROVING 
OUR GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE, AND WILL 
ENRICH OUR PRODUCT LINES, ENABLING 
US TO OFFER A WIDE RANGE OF 
SOLUTIONS ACROSS THE ASIA-PACIFIC 
REGION. THE ACQUISITION ALSO 
PROVIDES NEW OPPORTUNITIES OF 
DEVELOPMENT FOR OUR TEAMS.

T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

TOMORROW’S
leaders

 The opportunities I’ve been provided to develop in a lot 
of businesses and different cultural environments have 
broadened my perspective. Rather than choosing just one 
door, it’s been a feeling of choosing many doors at once.

Marilène Turcotte 
Energas Managing Director and 
United Kingdom Industrial Packaged Gases Business Unit Manager

Vital to Air Liquide’s long-term growth is preparing tomorrow’s leaders to manage current 
and future business challenges. Through specific training programs as well as diverse and 
international career assignments, managers develop the skills and experience needed 
to lead teams, accelerate change and improve performance. Marilène Turcotte’s career path 
at Air Liquide is one living example of the Group’s focus in talent.

Discover three other talent  
career paths at Air Liquide 

on airliquide.com/2015annualreport

OPENING DOORS  
In just 10 years with Air Liquide, Marilène Turcotte has already 
experienced a lot. Recruited in Canada after completing an MBA (Master 
of Business Administration) internship with the company, Marilène 
was expatriated to France to work for the Industrial Merchant activity. 
Other international postings followed: a special task force mission in 
Japan, then to Houston as Chemical Market manager and Customer 
Relationship manager followed by another tour in France working on 
growth-innovation strategy before her current operational role in the 
United Kingdom. This diverse career path is no mere coincidence: “I’m 
now responsible for implementing the strategy I helped develop,” she says.

3 4

T H I N K I N G   L O N G   T E R M

3 5

From mentee to mentor
For Marilène, the support provided 
through training and mentoring 
programs at each step of her 
career played an important role 
in her progression. “My first 
assignment in France was through 
a program designed for recent 
graduates. My manager really 
helped me to ramp up into the 
position, to adapt and to contribute. 
A few years later, I participated 
in Air Liquide University’s Stretch 
leadership development program, 
where we worked directly with senior 
management on strategic topics  
and further developed our network 
and skills.”

Driving long-term improvement
She says that training programs 
and her professional experience 
alike have shaped her approach 
to problem-solving, innovation, 
leadership and long-term 
improvement. “In my position as a 
manager, I look for ways to empower 
and inspire others to constantly 
propose new ideas and to push good 
ones forward. More frequently, it’s an 
ongoing stream of small, incremental 
improvements to solve problems, 
become more customer-centric and 
drive toward better performance. 
Long-term improvement is about 
striking the right balance between 
accelerating change while remaining 
true to our fundamentals.”

Port-Jérôme site, Air Liquide large hydrogen  
production unit in France, where the Group  
inaugurated Cryocap TM, an industrial facility unique  
in the world that enables cold capture of CO 2.

3 6
3 6

CREATING

v a l u e   t o g e t h e r

A I R   L I Q U I D E   E N CO U R A G E S   A   CO L L A B O R AT I V E   S P I R I T 

W I T H I N   I T S   T E A M S   A S   W E L L   A S   CO -CO N S T R U C T I O N 

W I T H   I T S   S TA K E H O L D E R S .   CO L L E C T I V E   I N T E L L I G E N C E 

W H I C H   F O S T E R S   T H E   CO M B I N AT I O N   O F   E N E R G I E S 

A N D   K N O W L E D G E   TO   P R O D U C E   N E W   I D E A S 

A N D   C R E AT E   VA LU E .

C ultivating a collaborative 

spirit  internally  helps 
generate  new  ideas  and 
innovation,  the  sharing 
of  best  practices  and 
know-how, and improved 
efficiency and competitiveness. In active-
ly  working  together  with  customers  and 
partners, Air Liquide reinforces its agility 
and ability to respond quickly to identified 
needs.

Building together is also essential to innova-
tion. Connected to innovation ecosystems 
worldwide, Air Liquide has strengthened its 
external partnerships in recent years with 
universities,  research  centers  and  start-

ups. This open innovation approach unlocks 
a variety of perspectives and skills that are 
essential to imagining the products and ser-
vices of tomorrow. It enables better antic-
ipation of market trends and practices and 
exploration of new growth opportunities.
Whether the internal collaboration of teams 
in multiple countries to achieve a break-
through in semiconductors (see page 38), 
working closely with a customer to design 
a  customized  oxy-combustion  solution 
(see page 40) or supporting open innova-
tion through an investment in the start-up 
 Sigfox by the Group's venture capital entity 
ALIAD (see page 42), Air Liquide confirms 
how ideas developed together create value 
over the long-term.

3 7
3 7

C R E A T I N G   V A L U E   T O G E T H E R

Team effort delivers 
technological breakthrough

AIR LIQUIDE IS THE INDUSTRY LEADER IN ELECTRONICS ADVANCED MATERIALS, 

OFFERING THE ALOHA™ AND VOLTAIX® PRODUCT LINES AS PART OF THE PORTFOLIO. 

TO RESPOND TO THE INCREASINGLY COMPLEX ARCHITECTURES OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES, 

THE GROUP CONTINUES TO EXTEND AND IMPROVE MATERIALS, CREATING NEW SYNERGIES 

AMONG THE TEAMS AND IN THE RESEARCH AND MANUFACTURING ECOSYSTEM.

contact with customers, helping define the precise technical 
requirements for the materials. 

Equally important to the molecule’s de-
velopment is ensuring its uninterrupted, 
affordable, high volume production and a 
robust business continuity plan. Product 
development teams work on developing 
the technical capabilities and operational 
subsidiaries invest in the construction of 
production facilities to guarantee reliable 
supply.

Support is also provided by Head Office 
teams in France in areas such as Contract 
Management and Intellectual Property. 
Air Liquide teams in the local countries, 
responsible for product delivery, work with 
the customer’s fabrication sites, organize 
storage  and  supply  chain,  and  ensure 
required safety measures are in place.

A 

n intensive company-wide collaborative effort 
has led to a breakthrough in developing a family 
of etch gas molecules for 
the semiconductor indus-
try. Manufacturers use etch gases to 
selectively remove layers deposited on 
the tiny surfaces of microchips to im-
prove their performance. It is one among 
many examples of the technological ex-
pertise Air Liquide provides to custom-
ers. Collaboration involving multiple Air 
Liquide teams in multiple countries is an 
essential element to delivering regular 
innovation in this field.

As we approach the physical limits  
of how much chip size can be reduced, 
we are finding ways to achieve new 
levels of performance by changing  
the intrinsic physical characteristics  
of the chip. 

Multinational effort
Initial  samples  of  the  molecules  are 
produced  at  Air  Liquide  Research  & 
Development  Centers  in  Japan  and  
the  United  States.  The  Research  &  
Development teams work closely with 
Electronics World Business Line teams who maintain direct 

Ashutosh Misra
Chief Technology Officer, Electronics, Air Liquide

3 8

C R E A T I N G   V A L U E   T O G E T H E R

OPEN INNOVATION

The internal teamwork within Air Liquide is mirrored 
by the significant industry-wide collaboration 
involved in advancing semiconductor technology.  
In addition to the customer, Air Liquide teams work 
with universities and equipment manufacturers  
on developing molecules that address specific device 
fabrication challenges. 
The creation of new electronic materials marks the 
emergence of new families of products that respond 
to demands for faster, more efficient and lower 
power consuming chips. A collaborative effort that 
positions Air Liquide at the forefront of technology 
and innovation in a fast growing market.

Working session in Tokyo with Nathan Stafford, Air Liquide Electronics Product Manager, based in the United States, and project 
teams in Japan.

The expertise of our teams, 
our global presence and our ability 
to reliably supply the right product to 
manufacturing facilities across 
the world are key reasons 
for our competitiveness 
in Electronics markets.

Helena Seiver
Strategic Account Manager, 
Air Liquide

VOLTAIX ®

The 2013 acquisition of Voltaix®, the world leader in silicon, 
germanium and boron chemistries, complemented our ALOHA™ 
product line of advanced precursors, offering a full range of products 
while strengthening our relations with key customers and partners.

3 9

C R E A T I N G   V A L U E   T O G E T H E R

Partnering up 
for air quality

IN CHINA, AIR LIQUIDE PARTNERED WITH A LEADING COPPER RECYCLER 

TO DEVELOP A TAILORED SOLUTION THAT ENABLES THE CUSTOMER 

TO MEET STRICT EMISSIONS LIMITS WHILE HALVING 

ITS ENERGY COSTS.

I  n response to heightened concerns about air 

quality, the Chinese government has been 
implementing rigorous new measures to 
control air emissions. Among the industries 
required to cut pollution is non-ferrous metal 
recycling. Shandong Tian Yuan Copper Industrial 
Company, one of China’s major producers of 
recycled copper, turned to Air Liquide to help 
meet a triple challenge: reduce emissions of carbon 
dioxyde (CO2) and mono-nitrogen oxides (NOx), 
improve its cost competitiveness and finally gain 
flexibility to enable it to expand future production 
with existing equipment.

Customized response
Air Liquide formed a dedicated project team which 
evaluated Tian Yuan’s processes and recommended 
a customized solution based on its oxy-combustion 
technology. Oxy-combustion is based on the en-
richment of air with pure oxygen in order to reduce 
fuel consumption – and thus energy costs – while 
also significantly reducing pollutant emissions. 

Although the technology was already in use in glass 
production, it would be the first time it would be 
applied to a metal recycling process in China. It 
also would be Tian Yuan’s first time working with 
Air Liquide. 

“Our comprehensive offer included process ex-
pertise to determine the precise fuel and oxygen 
flows needed to optimize the performance of the 
furnaces during the copper melting process”, ex-
plains Judy Zhang, Industrial Merchant Bulk and 
On-site Vice President at Air Liquide China. “It 
also included technical support, training for Tian 

Supplying liquid oxygen at the Tian Yuan site.

4 0

C R E A T I N G   V A L U E   T O G E T H E R

Yuan’s operators, burners, a unique control system 
and a substantial, reliable supply of liquid oxygen.”

A partnership built on trust
Staying in constant contact throughout the proj-
ect, the two companies’ teams succeeded in de-
signing together the solution, conducting the test 
run, implementing the technology and launching 
operations in the second quarter of 2015, just four 
months after the initial contact.

The close collaboration has made Air Liquide much 
more than a supplier says Yu Youzhen, Production 
Director at the Tian Yuan site: “After several con-
tacts with Air Liquide’s team and an on-site inspec-
tion, we established a relationship built on trust.  
Air Liquide has met all of our expectations in terms 
of gas supply, equipment operation, technical  
expertise and commercial services.”

HEAT OXY-COMBUSTION

During the international COP21 Climate Change conference 
in December 2015, the France-China Committee(a) awarded 
its 2015 Innovation Awards for "Climate Solutions" and 
awarded Air Liquide the Innovative Product Award for 
its Heat Oxy-Combustion technology. Developed by 
Air Liquide Research & Development teams,  
this breakthrough technology enables to extract heat from 
the combustion fumes and use it to heat oxygen and fuel. 
This innovation maximizes the performance of oxy-
combustion - based on the enrichment of air with pure 
oxygen - by 10%. Compared to air combustion,  
it provides up to 50% energy savings and cuts CO2 
emissions by half. The technology is generating  
particular interest in China, home to approximately 50%  
of the world’s glass production.

(a) A private, non-profit organization founded in 1979 at the initiative of the 
French business community and supported by French and Chinese authorities, 
the aim of the CFC is to promote economical and commercial understanding 
and knowledge between the two countries.

Yu Youzhen, Production Director at the Tian Yuan site

We established a relationship 
built on trust. We now consider 
 Air Liquide as our strong 
business partner.

Yu Youzhen
Production Director at the Tian Yuan site

Jinping Yan and Judy Zhang, Air Liquide China

Discover the partenership  
story in video

on airliquide.com/2015annualreport

4 1

C R E A T I N G   V A L U E   T O G E T H E R

ALIAD and Sigfox, 
networked innovation

IN FEBRUARY 2015, AIR LIQUIDE'S CAPITAL INVESTMENT SUBSIDIARY ALIAD  

ACQUIRED A STAKE IN THE START-UP SIGFOX, AS PART OF A RECORD  

100 MILLION-EURO FINANCING ROUND. SIGFOX IS A LEADER AMONG FRENCH 

HIGH-TECH COMPANIES SPECIALIZING IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS.  

ONE YEAR LATER, SIGFOX CEO LUDOVIC LE MOAN AND ALIAD 

INVESTMENT OFFICER NADIA EL ANDALOUSSI PROVIDE AN UPDATE 

ON THE YOUNG INNOVATION PARTNERSHIP.

4 2

C R E A T I N G   V A L U E   T O G E T H E R

Who is ALIAD?

Find out on   
airliquide.com/2015annualreport

SIGFOX, LEADER IN 
CONNECTED OBJECTS

Sigfox is a French start-up that has become a world leader 
in the connectivity of objects and machine-to-machine 
(M2M) communications. In five years, it has developed 
the leading cellular network for connected objects. 
Unique in the world, the low-speed, low-energy 
consumption network is independent and international. 
Today, seven million objects in several European countries 
and the U.S. are already registered on the Sigfox 
network and will be progressively connected 
in the coming months of deployment.

Most of all, 
a model of strong industrial 
partnership

n. El a.: We have many expectations but the initiatives 
coming from the investment are mainly focused around new 
usages and business models that Sigfox technology can help 
us generate or test. We have held several internal workshops 
in France, Spain and the United States, bringing together all 
of the Group's activities. We 
sense a very strong appetite 
for this technology. Sigfox 
brings an insider’s perspec-
tive and plays a catalytic role 
in leading change.

# Have you already identified 
possible  applications  for 
Air Liquide?
l. lE M.: Of course, includ-
ing  improving  the  supply 
chain,  in  medical  applica-
tions… 
n. El a.: At the Mobility for 
Business show in Paris last October, Athélia, Air Liquide’s 
subsidiary specializing in traceability services, joined Sigfox 
in  presenting  the  django®  cloud  technology,  which  uses 
predictive maintenance to anticipate breakdowns. Installed 
on a device, this module uses a sensor to monitor the status 
and collect performance data. We expect to see collaborations 
such as this gain momentum in the coming months.

# Why Sigfox? Why Air Liquide?
nadia El andaloussi: Investing in Sigfox - our first invest-
ment in digital – combines the Group’s strategic interests in 
the connectivity of objects with the will of Sigfox to attract 
industrial investors in its capital. Sigfox is what is known as an 
"enabler." It provides Air Liquide 
with a lever for its digital trans-
formation and paves the way for 
genuine business opportunities 
in the near and medium term.
ludovic  lE  Moan:  Because 
Air  Liquide,  a  world  leader, 
started  very  early  in  the  de-
velopment of machine-to-ma-
chine  communications  and 
continued on with connectivi-
ty. To anticipate its customers’ 
industrial performance needs, 
Air Liquide is looking for an-
other level of connectivity to 
go further in its approach.

# What do you expect now from each other?
l. lE M.: Most of all, a model of strong industrial partner-
ship that leverages equity investment and sends a positive 
message to international investors, industrial companies and 
digital innovators. Beyond this, we need to share innovation 
and develop the network to respond to Air Liquide’s needs in 
connectivity and industrial maintenance. Through an open 
innovation approach, we are working with Air Liquide teams 
on solutions Sigfox can bring for the Group’s future industrial 
applications.

4 3

Digital acceleration is revolutionizing usages   
for Air Liquide customers, patients, shareholders,  
partners and employees. 

4 4

MOVING FORWARD
w i t h   d i g i t a l

T E C H N O LO G I C A L   L E A P S ,   CO N N E C T E D   N E T W O R K S , 

A   U S A G E   R E V O LU T I O N …   T H E   D I G I TA L   T R A N S F O R M AT I O N 

I S   I N F LU E N C I N G   A I R   L I Q U I D E ’ S   M A R K E T S , 

B U S I N E S S E S ,   P R O D U C T S   A N D   O R G A N I Z AT I O N . 

A   N E W   F I E L D   O F   P O S S I B I L I T Y   A N D   VA LU E   C R E AT I O N 
E M P R E I N T E   D U   G R O U P E
F O R   T H E   G R O U P.

V L I B U S   U L PA R C I I S   E T   D O LU M E   P E R N AT I S   Q U I   D E N D I C I 

S P E R C H I L L E S T   FA C E R O   O M N I M P O S   N O B I S   V E N D E L E N T 

E -commerce,  cloud,  apps, 

data…  everywhere,  our 
world is being rapidly trans-
formed by digital. Following 
computers and phones, it is 
the turn for household ob-
jects and industrial and health equipment to 
become connected. A revolution of usages 
is underway for Air Liquide’s customers, pa-
tients, partners and employees.

connected objects. Over two hundred dig-
ital initiatives emerged in 2015 within the 
D E R E S T   H A R C H I L   I U S   M A   CO N   P O R U M   FA CC U S   V O LU P TA 
Group: Big Data, the Internet of Things, 
communities, customer service portals, mo-
bility and constant connectivity, augmented 
reality, 3D printing... Among them, the in-
ternal collaboration platform Kite (see page 
46), an online portal in Scandinavia tested 
and co-developed with customers and dis-
tributors (see page 48) and the sleep apnea 
website and information app (see page 50).

E U M   A S I TAT E N I S   R E S T I O. 

In  addition  to  leveraging  it  as  a  driver  of 
growth, Air Liquide views digital as a means 
to establish new ways of working more collab-
oratively across boundaries. New infrastruc-
tures, technologies and connected devices 
are enabling development of products and 
services that transform the user experience 
for customers and patients, with increased 
agility and simplicity.

From healthcare to industry and new mar-
kets, Air Liquide now has more than 150,000 

Tomorrow’s developments, such as the in-
troduction of new technologies in produc-
tion units and the combining of customer 
and patient data management with exter-
nal data, will open the way for new services, 
differentiated offerings and better patient 
support. So many new fields of endeavor 
that demonstrate Air Liquide’s accelerating 
digital transformation.

4 5

M O V I N G   F O R W A R D   W I T H   D I G I T A L

Kite: collective 
intelligence on the rise

A I R   L I Q U I D E ' S   I N T E R N A L   CO L L A B O R AT I V E   D I G I TA L 

P L AT F O R M   I S   S T R E N G T H E N I N G   T H E   C U LT U R E 

O F   T E A M W O R K   W I T H I N   T H E   G R O U P.

4 6

  
M O V I N G   F O R W A R D   W I T H   D I G I T A L

L aunched in 2014, Kite is Air Liquide’s internal 

collaborative digital platform. The new 100% 
digital work environment is already increasing the 
Group’s agility, efficiency and competitiveness. 
How? By providing employees with tools to better organize 
their work and make the best use of their time as well as 
to share information faster and benefit from the wealth of 
knowledge that exists within the Group.

A simple and agile platform
Shared across the Group’s 80 countries, the Kite digital 
platform offers significant added value for a global leader 
like Air Liquide. Easy to use, fully integrated and secure, it 
enables employees anywhere in the world to work on the 
same document simultaneously. The result: savings in time, 
cost efficiency and productivity.

Collaborative work, a daily reality
More than a year after its launch, Kite has led to new ways 
of working and collaborating. Following Kite’s introduction 
to employees and the gradual adoption of messaging tools, 
contacts and shared calendars, the collaborative Phase 2 
was launched in October 2015 to strengthen networking 
and further develop the Group’s collaborative culture. 
Implementation of new tools such as shared document 
libraries, personalized intranet sites and discussion forums 
encourage communities of experts to share best practices, 
regardless of their location. The new agile, cross-company 
approach, embraced by employees,  exemplifies Air Liquide’s 
digital culture and creates new synergies with customers and 
partners. Through the leveraging of collective intelligence 
made possible by Kite, Air Liquide is finding new ways to 
respond to stakeholder expectations.

With the Kite digital platform, 
teams can share information  
faster and benefit from the wealth 
of knowledge that exists within  
the Group.

Kite opens a world of possibilities. 
More than an IT tool, its value 
lies above all in its ability to help us 
work better together, 
including with our customers 
and partners. It’s transforming 
the way we work daily.

Vincent Roullet
Director of the Kite project, Air Liquide

4 7

M O V I N G   F O R W A R D   W I T H   D I G I T A L

Digital platform 
enhances customer 
experience  

ORDERING GAS SUPPLIES IS BECOMING QUICKER AND EASIER FOR AIR LIQUIDE 

CUSTOMERS THANKS TO A NEW ONLINE PORTAL PILOTED IN 2015 IN SCANDINAVIA. 

THE EASY-TO-ACCESS PORTAL REDEFINES HOW CUSTOMERS EXPERIENCE 

AIR LIQUIDE AND FURTHER INCREASES THEIR SATISFACTION.

DISTRIBUTOR 
BENEFITS

Digital solutions are also bringing 
changes to Air Liquide’s relationship 
with its distributor network. 
For the company’s 350 distributors 
in Scandinavia, the online portal 
is helping to retain existing 
customers and attract new ones, 
as more of them look exclusively 
for digital interactions today. 
And for each new contract signed 
online, the customer picks up his 
gas at the distributor’s sellhouse, 
creating new opportunities for 
distributors to cross-sell additional 
products and services.

Discover a  
distributor's  
testimony

on airliquide.com/ 
2015annualreport

sulting information, and also increased loyalty 
by existing customers. The digital interaction 
is also providing valuable data and insights into 
customer needs and behaviors, opening new 
business opportunities.

Reshaping the customer journey
As digital solutions and platforms continue to 
expand within the Group, they are transforming 
the “customer journey,”(a) offering an easier, 
more agile and transparent means of doing 
business with Air Liquide for both existing 
and  future  customers.  The  importance  of 
the  initiative  to  Air  Liquide’s  relationship 
with customers, distributors (see focus) and 
other stakeholders is reflected in the breadth 
of  company  departments  involved  in  the 
project, including supply chain, marketing, 
communications, IT, business and sales teams. 
This internal ecosystem is working to make the 
digital transformation a growth enabler and a 
source of sustainable competitive advantage 
for Air Liquide.

(a) The customer journey encompasses all of the touch 
points  experienced  by  the  customer  in  interacting 
with  a  company  and  its  brand,  including  Choosing  a 
product or a service, Purchasing, Service & Support 
and Retention.

U sing the new portal, customers 

are  able  to  place  their  orders 
online in less than a few min-
utes, even if they are first-time 
Air Liquide customers. In four clicks, visitors 
can select the right gas for the right applica-
tion, get a customized price proposition and 
generate the contract. A final click and the 
order is complete and ready for delivery or 
pick-up through Air Liquide’s vast distributor 
network. In addition to the ease of finding 
and choosing the product best adapted to the 
customer’s needs and personalized profile, 
customers can also easily access follow-up 
information (invoices, delivery notes, stock 
balance), request assistance, file claims, track 
order status and get quick answers to their 
questions.

Customer tested
Key to the portal’s rapid adoption by cus-
tomers in Scandinavia were intensive con-
sultations with existing customers and dis-
tributors during the design phase. More than 
100 customers took part in testing the portal 
prior to its launch and are providing ongoing 
feedback being used to further improve the 
portal’s capabilities. This focus on customer 
expectations has contributed to the portal’s 
success, reflected in a significant conversion 
rate of new customers for ordering and con-

4 8

M O V I N G   F O R W A R D   W I T H   D I G I T A L

IN DESIGNING OUR 
APPROACH, WE MADE 
SURE THAT CUSTOMERS 
WERE HIGHLY INVOLVED  
IN THE PROCESS AND KEPT 
OUR FOCUS ON THEIR 
EXPECTATIONS. WE’RE 
NOW IMPROVING THE 
SYSTEM BASED ON 
FEEDBACK TO BUILD ON 
THE INITIATIVE’S SUCCESS.

Vincent  
Dauchy
Digital Strategy Manager  
for the project, Air Liquide

Air Liquide Scandinavia, 
initiator of the project,  
regularly organizes workshops   
in Copenhagen between   
the different teams to guide   
the platform's development.

AIR LIQUIDE’S DIGITAL PORTAL IS FULLY CONSISTENT WITH THE GROWING 
TREND TOWARD ORDERING SERVICES ONLINE AND THE KIND OF INITIATIVE 
I’VE COME TO EXPECT FROM THEM AS A LONG-STANDING CUSTOMER. 
IT HAS CERTAINLY MADE DOING BUSINESS WITH AIR LIQUIDE EASIER, 
QUICKER AND EVEN MORE RELIABLE AND TRANSPARENT. 

Jacob Bryde Frisk
Operational Laboratory Manager, Intertek, Denmark

4 9

M O V I N G   F O R W A R D   W I T H   D I G I T A L

All you need to know 
about sleep apnea

A KEY PLAYER IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME, 

AIR LIQUIDE HAS DEVELOPED AN ARRAY OF DIGITAL TOOLS FOR THE PUBLIC, PATIENTS 

AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS TO INCREASE UNDERSTANDING OF THE DISEASE 

AND FACILITATE PATIENT MONITORING.

W ith  all-about-sleep-

apnea.com Air Liquide 
launched its first web-
site for patients and the 
public at large in September 2015. Avail-
able in English and French, the site provides 
practical information on the still frequently  
misunderstood and under-diagnosed syn-
drome,  helping  patients  and  their  fam-
ilies and friends to cope with the disease 
and better understand the treatment. By  
facilitating the patient’s journey and raising 
awareness of the importance of adherence 
to treatment, Air Liquide seeks to improve 
quality of life for all.

The connected information source 
Simple and immersive, all-about-sleep-apnea.com 
offers a complete exploration of the dis-
ease, from knowledge to treatment, includ-

1 TO 6% 

OF ADULTS SUFFER 
FROM SLEEP APNEA 
WORLDWIDE(c). 

NEARLY

80% 

OF PEOPLE WITH 
OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP 
APNEA SYNDROME 
(OSA) ARE UNAWARE 
THEY HAVE IT(d). 

5 0

ing how to recognize, diagnose and live 
with sleep apnea and how to discuss it with 
one’s doctor. Going further, the site offers 
a test to determine whether the user is at 
risk and encourages those with concerns 
to seek expert medical advice.
The site experience is enriched through 
written testimonies and videos from pa-
tients and medical experts and regular 
news updates provide practical and the-
matic advice, adapted to the concerns of 
patients. Air Liquide has also launched a 
Twitter newsfeed -@SleepApneaAbout 
- making key information on sleep apnea 
available for easy sharing.

M O V I N G   F O R W A R D   W I T H   D I G I T A L

@SleepApneaAbout
#patientmonitoring#treatmentcompliance
#qualityoflife

Prolonged experience
To complement this information system, 
Air Liquide developed a mobile app dedi-
cated to sleep apnea. Presented in Sep-
tember 2015 at the Annual International 
Congress  of  the  European  Respiratory 
Society in Amsterdam, the app extends 
support beyond the home to help patients 
better manage their condition. Designed to 
deliver therapeutic educational content, it 
helps patients manage their chronic illness 
and encourages dialogue with healthcare 
professionals and Air Liquide teams.
This is also a goal of the medical remote 
monitoring device NOWAPITM(a), which 
Air Liquide has further refined to optimize 
patient-physician interaction and encour-
age better treatment compliance.

(a)Produced  by  Air  Liquide  Medical  Systems 
S.A. It is classified as a IIa medical device under 
E U   re g u l a t i o n s ,   C E   m a r k i n g   C E 0 4 5 9 .   Th i s 
information  is  not  intended  to  substitute  for  a 
prescribed treatment from a physician, who is and 
must  remain  the  patient’s  authoritative  partner 
and source for medical advice. The usage manual 
should be read closely. January 2016

WHAT IS 
KNOWN ABOUT 
SLEEP APNEA?

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is the 
most common form of sleep apnea.(b) Caused by 
a temporary airway obstruction in the throat(c), 
it is characterized by involuntary and repeated 
breathing interruptions during sleep. These 
interruptions can last 10 seconds or more(d) 
and be repeated up to hundreds of times a night. 
The condition affects men and women of all ages.(e) 
In the absence of treatment, the disease can directly 
affect quality of life and health, including causing 
serious cardiovascular disorders. The reference 
treatment(f) is sleeping with a continuous positive 
pressure ventilation unit, which keeps 
the airway open.

(b)  The World Health Organization. Chronic respiratory diseases 

www.who.int/gard/publications/chronic_respiratory_diseases.pdf

(c) Obstructive Sleep Apnea – A guide for GP’s – British Lung Foundation (NHS)
(d)  Rules for Scoring Respiratory Events in Sleep: Update of the 2007 AASM Manual 

for Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events – Journal of Clinical Sleep 
 Medicine, Vol. 8, No. 5, 2012

(e)  Sleep breathing disorders – European Respiratory Society WhiteBook 

(chapter 23)

(f)  Clinical Guidelines for the Manual Titration of Positive Airway Pressure in 
Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Positive Airway Pressure Titration 
Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Journal of Clinical 
Sleep Medicine, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2008

5 1

FINANCIAL

I n f o r m a t i o n

Presentation of the digital services for shareholders   
at the Air Liquide stand during the Actionaria Fair,   
France, November 2015.

5 2
5 2

F I N A N C I A L   I N F O R M A T I O N

New digital era

T H E   W EB S I T E   I S   A   K E Y   F O R U M   F O R   D I A LO G U E   B E T W EEN 

A   CO M PA N Y   A N D   I T S   S H A R EH O L D ER S  - 9  O F  10  V I S I TO R S   CO N S U LT 

T H E   W EB S I T E S   O F   CO M PA N I E S   I N   W H I CH   T H E Y   I N V E S T. (a) 

A I R   L I Q U I D E   EN S U R E S   T H AT   I T S   W EB S I T E   O F F ER S   V I S I TO R S 

A   U N I Q U E   D I G I TA L   E X P ER I EN CE .

Window on the Group
The primary point of entry 
to the company’s universe, 
airliquide.com – for which 
the new version went online 
in 2015 – functions like 
an international hub. Both 
educational and innovative, 
the new website offers visitors 
quick access to all relevant 
information according to 
their profile. User-oriented, 
simplified and immersive, it 
was designed by analyzing the 
surfing habits of its various 
audiences in order to serve 
them better. Rich in video 
and graphics, testimony, 
stories and illustrations, it 
provides each visitor with an 
unparalleled digital experience 
through which to discover 
the diversity of the Group's 
activities. 

Discover the testimony  
of an Air Liquide 
shareholder on his digital 
experience

MY PERSONAL 
SPACE

airliquide.com also innovates through 
its customized services offer to Group 
shareholders. The shareholders section is the 
most visited area of the site. In three clicks, 
registered shareholders can access their secure 
personal space or consult their portfolio, their 
rights to the loyalty bonus and their personal 
information. They can also customize by 
choosing the news and publications of most 
interest to them. Registered shareholders can 
place their share trading orders 24/7, view the 
history of their transactions, find the average 
unit price of their share and access useful 
documents: IFU (single tax form), etc.

Permanent dialogue
Still rare among major companies in 
France, Air Liquide’s web conferences 
have proved popular. A November 30, 
2015 event, on the topic of transfer  
of assets, was broadcast live from  
Air Liquide headquarters, with 
60 shareholders attending in person 
and nearly 1,100 participants following 
online and able to ask questions directly 
to Group experts. A recording of the 
broadcast also has been posted 
on the website.

In addition, for the first time, 
a post General Shareholders’ Meeting 
will be webcast on May 24, 2016 from 
Bordeaux, with Benoît Potier responding 
to shareholders’ questions via an online 
forum. The new interactive experience 
enriches a well established digital 
channel that has produced items such 
as the shareholder app, the invitation 
to the General Shareholders’ Meeting 
and digital editions of the Shareholders 
Letter and Shareholder's Guide.

on  
airliquide.com/2015annualreport

(a) Source: Le revenu, October 2015

5 3

F I N A N C I A L   I N F O R M A T I O N

An ongoing 
dialogue

A I R   L I Q U I D E   AT TA C H E S   PA R T I C U L A R   I M P O R TA N C E   TO   T H E   Q U A L I T Y 

O F   I T S   R E L AT I O N S H I P S   W I T H   I N D I V I D U A L   A N D   I N S T I T U T I O N A L   S H A R E H O L D E R S . 

I N V E S TO R   R E L AT I O N S   D I R E C TO R   A U D E   R O D R I G U E Z   TA L K S   A B O U T 

T H E   LO N G-T E R M   D I A LO G U E   W I T H   I N S T I T U T I O N A L   S H A R E H O L D E R S . 

GROUP SHAREHOLDING  
(at December 31, 2015)

64% 

INSTITUTIONAL 
SHAREHOLDERS

36% 

INDIVIDUAL 
SHAREHOLDERS

# Who are Air Liquide’s institutional shareholders?
audE RodRiguEz: They’re mainly investment funds, pension funds 
and large French and foreign insurance companies that employ 
financial  analysts  who  specialize  by  industry  (chemistry  for 
Air Liquide) and portfolio managers. They 
favor  long-term  investment  and  have 
regularly followed our Group, its vision 
and its results, sometimes for more than 
10 years! This helps us to build a long-
lasting relationship based on trust.

# How do you cultivate that 
relationship?
a. R.: More than all else, their loyalty is 
based on our performance. With their 
detailed knowledge of our business, they 
are able to question and challenge us. We 
therefore have a permanent dialogue 
with them. This major commitment to 
educating and explaining, which requires a lot of availability and 
responsiveness, is valuable for investors, helping them to save 
considerable time. 

# What events do you organize to encourage this long-term 
dialogue?
a. R.: First, the publication of the quarterly financial results is a 
key benchmark for investors. We organize a conference call during 
which the General Management discusses the 
company’s performance during the quarter. It 
is followed by a question and answer session. 
In addition, we conduct road shows during 
which  the  General  Management  meets 
with investors in the major financial centers, 
London, Frankfurt, New York, Boston and, 
of course, Paris. Investors can also visit us at 
the headquarters in Paris. Another highlight 
of the relationship are the visits to our sites 
that we organize regularly to reinforce inves-
tor interest in the Group. The most recent 
visit was to the Dormagen production site in 
Germany in May 2015. Finally, Air Liquide’s 
Capital Markets Day, held every two or three 
years, is a highly awaited event at which the Group shares its stra-
tegic vision with investors and provides a framework for assessing 
Air Liquide’s medium-term performance. 

5 4

F I N A N C I A L   I N F O R M A T I O N

Con soli dated  income s tateme nt (s um m ar iz e d)

F O R   T H E   Y E A R   E N D E D   D E C E M B E R   3 1

(in millions of euros)

REvEnuE
Purchases
Personnel expenses

Other income and expenses

Operating income recurring before depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense

Operating income recurring 
Other non-recurring operating income and expenses

Operating income
Net finance costs
Other financial income and expenses
Income taxes
Share of profit of associates

Profit for the period

- Minority interests
- Net profit (Group share)

Basic earnings per share (in euros)

Diluted earnings per share (in euros)

2014

15,358
- 6,007
- 2,653

- 2,825

3,873
- 1,239

2,634
16

2,650
- 229
- 22
- 678
4

1,725
60
1,665

4.85

 4.83

2015

16,380
- 6,164
- 3,069

- 2,885

4,262
- 1,372

2,890 
- 132

2,758
- 227
- 41
- 666
14

1,838
82
1,756

5.12 

5.10

Con soli dated  balance sh eet  ( sum m ar iz e d)

F O R   T H E   Y E A R   E N D E D   D E C E M B E R   3 1

(in millions of euros)

assEts

Goodwill
Other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment 
Other non-current assets(a)
total non-cuRREnt assEts
Inventories and work-in-progress
Trade receivables and other current assets
Cash and cash equivalents(a)
total cuRREnt assEts
total assEts

(in millions of euros)
Equity and liabilitiEs
Shareholders' equity
Minority interests
total Equity
Provisions and deferred taxes
Non-current borrowings
Other non-current liabilities(a)
total non-cuRREnt liabilitiEs
Provisions
Trade payables and other current liabilities
Current borrowings(a)
total cuRREnt liabilitiEs
total Equity and liabilitiEs

(a) Included derivatives.

December 31, 2014

December 31, 2015

5,259  
  15,318  
 862 
 21,439 
876
  3,441
 969
5,286 
 26,725 

 5,730
 16,555 
 936
 23,221
 981
 3,711
 1,028 
 5,720
 28,941 

December 31, 2014

December 31, 2015

11,537
290 
11,827
3,357
5,884
 305
9,546 
294 
 3,628
 1,430
 5,352
26,725

 12,406
365
 12,771
 3,435 
 6,291
 475 
 10,201
 271 
 3,728
 1,970
 5,969
 28,941

5 5
5 5

Con soli date d ca sh  flow   
statement 

F O R   T H E   Y E A R   E N D E D   D E C E M B E R   3 1

(in millions of euros)

Operating activities

Cash flow from operating activities before changes in working capital

Changes in working capital

Other

Net cash flows from operating activities

Investing activities

Purchase of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

Acquisition of subsidiaries and financial assets

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets  
and financial assets

Net cash flows used in investing activities

Financing activities

Dividends paid

• L'Air Liquide S.A.

• Minority interests

Proceeds from issues of share capital

Purchase of treasury shares

Transactions with minority shareholders

Net cash flows used in financing activities excluding increase (decrease) in borrowings

Effect of exchange rate changes, opening net indebtedness of newly acquired  
companies and other

Change in net indebtedness

nEt indEbtEdnEss at thE bEginning of thE pERiod

nEt indEbtEdnEss at thE End of thE pERiod

2014

2,943

74

-187

2,830

-1,902

-179

245

-1,836

-839

-46

60

-116

-95

-1,036

-202

-244

-6,062

-6,306

 2015

3,150

-258

-60

2,832

-2,028

-384

131

-2,281

-924

-51

86

-178

-11

-1,078

-406

-933

-6,306

-7,239

5 6

Cautionary note regarding forward-looking statements 
This document contains certain statements that are “forward-
looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the 
Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934, as amended. L’Air Liquide S.A. (“Air Liquide”) has 
identified some of these forward-looking statements with words 
like “believe,” “may,” “could,” “would,” “might,” “possible,” “will,” 
“should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” or “continue,” 
the negative of these words, other terms of similar meaning or the 
use of future dates. Forward-looking statements in this document 
include without limitation statements regarding the expected timing 
of the completion of the transactions described in this document, Air 
Liquide’s operation of the  business of Airgas, Inc. (“Airgas”) following 
completion  of  the  contemplated  transactions,  and  statements 
regarding the future operation, direction and success of Airgas’ 
businesses. Such statements are qualified by the inherent risks and 
uncertainties surrounding future expectations generally, and actual 
results could differ materially from those currently anticipated due 
to a number of risks and uncertainties. Risks and uncertainties that 
could cause results to differ from expectations include: uncertainties 
as to the timing of the contemplated transactions; the possibility that 
the closing conditions to the contemplated transactions may not be 

satisfied or waived, including that a governmental entity may prohibit, 
delay or refuse to grant a necessary regulatory approval; the effects 
of disruption caused by the announcement of the contemplated 
transactions making it more difficult to maintain relationships with 
employees, customers, vendors and other business partners; the 
risk that stockholder litigation in connection with the contemplated 
transactions may affect the timing or occurrence of the contemplated 
transactions or result in significant costs of defense, indemnification 
and liability; other business effects, including the effects of industry, 
economic or political conditions outside of the control of the parties 
to the contemplated transactions; transactions costs; actual or 
contingent liabilities; and other risks and uncertainties discussed in 
Airgas’ filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the 
“SEC”), including the “Risk Factors” sections of Airgas’ most recent 
annual report on Form 10-K. You can obtain copies of Airgas’ filings 
with the SEC for free at the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov). Air Liquide 
does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking 
statements as a result of new information, future developments or 
otherwise, except as expressly required by law. All forward-looking 
statements in this announcement are qualified in their entirety by 
this cautionary statement. 

PUBLISHED BY THE COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF AIR LIQUIDE GROUP, APRIL 2016
75 QUAI D’ORSAY, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE

Photos credits: Airgas, Inc., Interlinks Image/Gilles Leimdorfer, Pierre-Emmanuel Rastoin, CAPA-pictures/Cyril Abad, CAPA-pictures/Augustin Detienne, 
CAPA-pictures/Julien Lutt, CAPA-pictures/Luca Sage, CAPA-pictures/Ty Stange, CAPA-pictures/Jeremie Souteyrat, CAPA-pictures/Patrick Wack, 
LaCompany/Stéphane Rémaël, David Hogsholt, Sasol, Photothèque Air Liquide, Getty, Shutterstock, X.

L’Air Liquide S.A. company established for the study and application of processes developed by Georges Claude
with issued capital of 1,893,224,316.50 euros

Consulting, Design, Creation & Production

F

INTERNET
See our annual publications:  
Annual Report, Reference Document,   
Shareholder’s Guide, Interactions and more.
www.airliquide.com 

YOUTUBE
Air Liquide Corp Channel

TWITTER
@AirLiquideGroup

LINKEDIN
linkedin.com/company/airliquide

A