Building a New Leading Gold Company
Annual Report
2016
Message from the President
Dear Shareholders,
2016 was a statement year for our company. I am
certain that we will look back on it and agree that it
was the year that truly set the development of the
Fruta del Norte gold project in motion. We knew at
the start of 2016 that the Company had three criti-
cal goals to meet which would impact our ability to
keep the advancement of Fruta del Norte on track.
I am pleased to report that we hit each of these tar-
gets during the year and that development is con-
tinuing according to plan.
Our first goal of the year was a critical deadline. Un-
der Ecuadorian mining laws, Lundin Gold only had
18 months from the acquisition of Fruta del Norte,
in December, 2014, to obtain the approval of the
Government of Ecuador to move the project to the
exploitation phase. We met this deadline, June 17,
2016, first by completing a feasibility study in May
2016 and then filing the Phase Change Application
with the Government of Ecuador on June 16, 2016.
Ron F. Hochstein
President & CEO
The feasibility study for Fruta del Norte supported the advancement Fruta del Norte. The study updated the estimates of
Mineral Reserves to 4.82 million ounces of gold and 6.34 million ounces of silver (15.5 million tonnes at 9.67 g/t Au and
12.7 g/t Ag) and forecasts an average gold production in excess of 300,000 ounces per year at an average life of mine
(LOM) total cash cost of $553/oz. and a LOM all-in sustaining cash cost of $623/oz., placing the project in the lowest cash
cost quartile of producers globally.
The most significant event in 2016 and second critical goal came near the end of year when Lundin Gold and the Govern-
ment of Ecuador signed the Exploitation Agreement and the Investment Protection Agreement for Fruta del Norte. These
two agreements establish the fiscal, operation and commercial terms for the development of the project and reflect the
results of extensive negotiations with the Government of Ecuador over more than a year. Lundin Gold is proud that it
has arrived at an agreement with the Government that allows for the economic development of Fruta del Norte for the
benefit of both its shareholders and the country of Ecuador and its people.
The third goal was the approval of the Environmental Impact Study and the granting of the Environmental License for
Fruta del Norte by the Ministry of the Environment in Ecuador. This occurred in late October following a period of inten-
sive review by the Ministry of Environment and a successful public consultation process. The timely achievement of this
goal allowed our site activities (Early Works) to commence according to plan. It was a significant accomplishment for our
team and speaks to the Company’s strong commitment to responsible mining.
It was important to the project that Lundin Gold met its goals in 2016 and I am very pleased with our results. We have
again started the year with a list of critical goals and are working hard to ensure that they are all met. Most critically, we
awarded the mine development contract for the project in February and readying for underground development work
to begin mid-2017. Project financing activities are continuing, and we expect to have the first phase of financing in place
by mid-year.
I look forward to updating you through the year on our achievement of key milestones. Thank you for your continued
support.
Yours truly,
Ron F. Hochstein
President and CEO
Quito, Ecuador
1
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
INTRODUCTION
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) of Lundin Gold Inc. and its subsidiary companies (collectively,
“Lundin Gold” or the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2016 provides a detailed analysis of the Company’s
business and compares its financial results with those of the previous year.
This MD&A is dated as of February 24, 2017 and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited
consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
These audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared using accounting policies consistent with
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board
(“IASB”). References to the “2016 Period” and “2015 Period” relate to the years ended December 31, 2016 and
December 31, 2015, respectively.
Other continuous disclosure documents, including the Company’s press releases, quarterly and annual reports, and
annual information form are available through its filings with the securities regulatory authorities in Canada at
www.sedar.com.
HIGHLIGHTS AND ACTIVITIES
An independent feasibility study for the Fruta del Norte Project (“FDN” or the “Project”) was completed in June
2016 (the “Feasibility Study”).
In July, the La Zarza concession (host to FDN) phase change application was approved by the Government
of Ecuador. With this approved, the status of the La Zarza concession was converted from the Exploration
Phase to the Exploitation Phase under Ecuador's mining law.
The Company completed an equity financing with a syndicate of underwriters (the "Underwriters"), pursuant
to which the Underwriters purchased, on a bought deal basis, 17,250,000 common shares of the Company at
a price of CAD$5.50 per common share (the “Offering”). Gross proceeds under the Offering were
CAD$94,875,000 ($72.6 million).
An exploration drilling campaign was completed in early August, having tested five key targets located 15 to
20 km south of the FDN. The results of the drilling program indicated that further follow up is required.
In October, the Company’s Environmental Impact Study (the "EIS") for FDN was approved and the
Environmental License was granted by the Government of Ecuador.
During 2016, the Company completed negotiations and signed the Exploitation Agreement (the “EA”) for FDN
with the Government of Ecuador in December. The EA, combined with existing laws and regulations,
establishes the fiscal, operational and commercial terms and conditions for the development of FDN.
During 2016, the Company completed negotiations and signed the Investment Protection Agreement (the
“IPA”) with the Government of Ecuador in December. The IPA provides further legal and tax stability to Lundin
Gold in conjunction with the EA.
The Company continued to progress its planned Early Works program to advance the engineering and initiate
field work to maintain the project critical path. During the fourth quarter of 2016, work commenced on site
clearing and earth works associated with the development of the area and facilities to support the
commencement of construction of the mine portals and mine access declines in the second quarter of 2017.
On January 16, 2017, the Company secured a $35 million credit facility from an insider of the Company (the
“2017 Facility”).
On February 21, 2017, the Company awarded the mine development contract for FDN which encompasses
construction of the mine portals and soft tunnelling work and the development of the twin declines.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
ABOUT LUNDIN GOLD
Lundin Gold is a Canadian mining company with its head office in Vancouver, British Columbia and a corporate office
in Quito, Ecuador. The Company owns FDN located in Southeast Ecuador.
Lundin Gold was incorporated in British Columbia and then continued under the Canada Business Corporations Act.
It is a reporting issuer in the Provinces of Alberta, British Columbia and Ontario. Lundin Gold’s common shares are
listed for trading on the TSX and Nasdaq Stockholm under the trading symbol “LUG”.
In December 2014, the Company acquired FDN along with surrounding exploration concessions, located in Southeast
Ecuador. FDN is one of the largest and highest grade undeveloped gold projects in the world. The Company is
advancing FDN in order to realize the significant potential of this asset.
The Company believes that the value created will not only greatly benefit shareholders, but also the Government and
people of Ecuador who are the Company's most important stakeholders in this project. Lundin Gold views its
commitment to corporate social responsibility as a strategic advantage that enables it both to access and effectively
manage business opportunities in increasingly complex environments. Lundin Gold is committed to addressing the
challenge of sustainability - delivering value to its shareholders, while simultaneously providing economic and social
benefits to impacted communities and minimizing the environmental footprint of its operations.
THE FRUTA DEL NORTE PROJECT
Lundin Gold’s property in Southeast Ecuador consists of 31 mining concessions covering an area of approximately
70,400 hectares. From this, FDN is comprised of three concession covering an area of approximately 4,900 hectares
and is located approximately 140 kilometres east-northeast of the City of Loja, which is the fourth largest city in Ecuador.
In addition to the current Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve estimates, the Company believes that there is
significant exploration potential at FDN and on the more than 65,000 ha owned by the Company.
Activities in 2016
Feasibility Study of FDN
On June 6, 2016 the Company announced the results of the Feasibility Study on FDN. The highlights of the Feasibility
Study are:
Probable Mineral Reserves totalling 4.82 million ounces of gold and 6.34 million ounces of silver (15.5 million
tonnes at 9.67 g/t Au and 12.7 g/t Ag);
Estimated average annual gold production of 340,000 ounces at an estimated average life of mine (“LOM”)
total cash cost of $553/oz and an estimated LOM all-in sustaining cash cost of $623/oz, placing FDN in the
lowest cash cost quartile globally;
Estimated LOM production of approximately 4.4 million ounces of gold and 5.2 million ounces of silver over
an initial 13‐year mine life using an average gold recovery of 91.7% and average silver recovery of 81.5%;
Estimated project capital cost, including contingency, of $669 million, net of taxes;
Targeted start of construction in mid‐2017;
Expected first gold production in first quarter 2020 with first year of full production in 2021; and,
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Project economics at a gold price of $1,250/ounce and a silver price of $20/ounce resulted in the following:
Net Present Value at a 5%
discount rate (NPV5)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Capital Payback (yrs)
Notes:
Pre-tax
After Tax
$1,283 million
$676 million
23.8%
3.7
15.7%
4.5
1. All figures are reported on a 100% equity project basis valuation. Capital payback is
calculated based on start of production.
2. Economic valuation is presented using a start date of July 1, 2017.
Full details of the Feasibility Study can be found in a technical report entitled "Fruta del Norte - NI 43-101 Technical
Report on Feasibility Study" (the “Technical Report”) which has an effective date of April 30, 2016. The Technical
Report is available for review under the Company's profile on SEDAR (www.sedar.com) and on the Company's website
(www.lundingold.com).
Early Works Program
The Company continued with the project engineering and Early Works program to transition FDN from the feasibility
study to full development and construction with the purpose of maintaining the critical path to first production. The key
activities of this program carried out during the third and fourth quarter of 2016 were:
Continuation of the field investigations campaign to obtain additional geotechnical information for mine portals
and declines and ventilation shafts, process plant foundations, tailings dam and quarry site selection.
Late in the year, commencement of clearing and site preparation for the construction of access roads, mine
portals platform, mine waste dumps and water management facilities (ponds and drainage) and support
services and facilities required for the start of the underground mine development by mid-2017.
Advancement of the mine design to produce an updated life of mine plan. This included production of
underground mine development plans and detailed construction drawings for the mine portals and soft
tunnelling.
Commencement of basic engineering of the process plant and surface facilities, including review of process
plant layout and site layout production of quantity take offs for updated capital cost estimates. At year end
basic engineering was approximately 56% complete.
Completion of power studies for the incoming 230KV powerline from Bomboiza to Fruta del Norte and
subsequent commencement of basic engineering, baseline studies for environmental permitting and
easement acquisition.
On February 21, 2017, the Company awarded the mine development contract for FDN to a consortium comprising
Ingenieria y Construcciones Mas Errazuriz Limitada y Filiales (“Mas Errazuriz”) of Chile, and Sevilla y Martinez
Ingenieros C.A. Semaica (“Semaica”) of Ecuador. Mas Errazuriz and Semaica will partner as a 50/50 consortium to
become Lundin Gold’s key contractor for the mine portals and soft tunneling work and the development of the twin
declines in preparation for operations.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Exploration
The Company continued exploration activities on some of its higher priority concessions. A drilling campaign was
completed in August with 28 holes drilled totaling 8,519 metres. The program tested five key targets located 15 to 20
km south of FDN. Core follow-up and field reinterpretation on these targets, suggests that the Suarez Formation Pull-
Apart Basin extends much further to the south than was previously interpreted, thereby upgrading the potential for Fruta
del Norte style targets along the edges of the basin further south. Key exploration targets along the edges of the basin
include Alejandro, Puente Princesa, and the general Rio Blanco area.
During the fourth quarter, an Induced Polarity (IP) geophysical survey was completed and was principally focused on
strong geochemical targets in the Reina, Guacamayo, and Marequesa concessions (RGM block) where three new
targets are being advanced to the drill-ready stage.
Ecuadorian Governmental Approvals
The Company’s Phase Change Application in respect of its 100% owned La Zarza concession was approved by the
Government of Ecuador on July 13, 2016. This approval moved the La Zarza concession from the exploration phase
to the exploitation phase under Ecuador's mining law and permits Aurelian Ecuador S.A., the Company's wholly owned
subsidiary, to proceed with its plans to develop FDN.
Environment and Permitting
On October 13, 2016, the Company’s EIS for FDN was approved by the Government of Ecuador. The process of
approval of the EIS started with the submission of a draft EIS in April 2016, followed by a public participation process
coordinated and developed with the Ministry of Environment (the "MOE"), and the delivery of a final EIS to the MOE in
August. The Environmental License was granted on October 28, 2016.
Exploitation Agreement
The Company signed the EA for FDN with the Government of Ecuador on December 14, 2016.
The EA, combined with existing laws and regulations, establishes the fiscal, operational and commercial terms and
conditions for the development of FDN. The key features of the EA are:
The right to develop and produce gold from FDN for 25 years, which may be renewed.
Advance royalty payments totaling $65 million to the Government of Ecuador, of which $25 million was paid
before the end of 2016. The balance of the payments will be due in two equal disbursements of $20 million
on the first and second anniversary of signing the EA.
A royalty equal to 5% of net smelter revenues from production. The advance royalty payment is deductible
against future royalties payable.
The EA also defines the manner in which extraordinary revenue tax (the “Windfall Tax”) is to be calculated. Consistent
with the current laws in Ecuador, the Windfall Tax will not be applied until a company has recouped the cumulative
investment in a mining project from its inception until the start of production, plus four years. The four-year grace period
replaces the application of a present value adjustment to the actual cumulative investment incurred from signing of the
EA, as originally disclosed by the Company in January.
Investment Protection Agreement
The Company signed the IPA with the Government of Ecuador on December 19, 2016. The terms and conditions of
the IPA are unchanged from those announced in August.
The IPA provides further legal and tax stability to the Company in conjunction with the EA including, amongst other
items, fixing the income tax rate applicable to the Company at 22% and exempting payments of principal and interest
to financial institutions outside of Ecuador from the capital outflow tax. The execution of the IPA enhances the
Company's ability to finance the development of FDN and gives the Company the right to any benefits that are granted
pursuant to future investment protection agreements entered into by the Government of Ecuador with third parties for
similar projects in the country.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Certified English translations of the EA and IPA are available under the Company’s profile on SEDAR at
www.sedar.com.
SELECTED ANNUAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Net loss for the year
Basic and diluted loss per share
Weighted-average number of common shares
outstanding
Total assets
2016
2015
2014
$
$
(62,813,819) $ (45,323,862) $
(748,724)
(0.59) $
(0.45) $
(0.04)
108,675,136
101,219,763
18,380,162
$ 278,906,199 $ 267,399,530 $ 318,032,944
The loss during the year ended December 31, 2016 is higher compared to the previous year as a result of exploration
expenditures of $5.3 million in 2016 compared to $0.9 million in 2015. Professional fees increased by $1.3 million due
to an increase in corporate activities relating to negotiations with the Government of Ecuador on the EA and IPA. The
Company was also required to pay $3.9 million due to a one-time mandatory contribution to the Government of Ecuador
for the earthquake relief efforts. A law passed by the Government of Ecuador in response to an earthquake in the
provinces of Manabí and Esmeraldas in Ecuador on April 16, 2016 established a mandatory one-time levy was based
on 0.9% of the book value of the equity interest held in Ecuadorian companies by non-resident entities and is not
deductible for income tax purposes.
In addition, the Company incurred $2.8 million to settle a legal dispute against the Company relating to a net smelter
royalty on a Russian gold project previously held by the Company. Lastly, in 2016, the Company generated a gain on
account of foreign exchange of $5.2 million. This gain was generated by the substantial holdings of U.S. dollars at the
parent company level. As the functional currency of the parent company is the Canadian dollar, a strengthening of the
U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar during the year ended December 31, 2015 generated a gain in terms of
Canadian dollars. The foreign exchange gain was less in 2016.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY FINANCIAL RESULTS
The Company’s financial statements are reported under IFRS as issued by the IASB. The following table provides
highlights from the Company’s financial statements of quarterly results for the past eight quarters (unaudited).
2016
Q4
2016
Q3
2016
Q2
2016
Q1
Net loss for the period
$ (23,888,698) $ (11,785,014) $
(12,430,576) $ (14,709,531)
Basic and diluted loss per share
$
(0.20) $
(0.10) $
(0.12) $
(0.15)
Weighted-average number of common
shares outstanding
118,682,274
113,331,975
101,264,883
101,260,268
Total assets
Working capital
$ 278,906,199 $ 300,194,541 $ 249,635,830 $ 253,616,770
$
1,022,055 $ 49,902,765 $
(8,535,198) $
2,922,308
2015
Q4
2015
Q3
2015
Q2
2015
Q1
Net loss for the period
$ (12,760,941) $ (11,602,887) $
(15,897,955) $
(5,062,079)
Basic and diluted loss per share
$
(0.13) $
(0.11) $
(0.16) $
(0.05)
Weighted-average number of common
shares outstanding
101,260,268
101,239,398
101,201,982
101,176,268
Total assets
Working capital
$ 267,399,530 $ 277,941,185 $ 294,612,037 $ 304,792,017
$ 16,314,025 $ 28,324,350 $
42,476,614 $ 56,317,859
The Company historically has only operated in the evaluation and exploration phase and therefore, has never generated
production revenue. The only income generated by the Company is interest income on its cash deposits.
The current quarter’s net loss is higher compared to losses in prior quarters, including the fourth quarter of 2015,
primarily because of an increase in general and administrative expenditures. This increase was mainly due to the one-
time mandatory contribution to the Government of Ecuador for the earthquake relief efforts (see above), a settlement
of proceeding legal dispute (see above), an increase in project evaluation and exploration expenditures, and higher
employee compensation due to incentive bonuses.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As at December 31, 2016, the Company had cash of $8.5 million and a working capital balance of $1.0 million compared
to cash of $21.4 million and a working capital balance of $16.3 million at December 31, 2015. The $12.9 million
decrease in cash was due primarily to $57.4 million used in operating activities relating to project evaluation expenses
on FDN. The Company also paid its first advance royalty payment of $25 million upon signing of the EA. The balance
of the payments will be due in two equal disbursements of $20 million on the first and second anniversary of signing.
This decrease was offset by cash provided by financing activities of $69.7 million mainly from an equity financing (see
paragraph below).
Equity Financing
The Company completed an equity financing pursuant to which the Underwriters purchased, on a bought deal basis,
17,250,000 common shares of the Company at a price of CAD$5.50 per common share. The total gross proceeds
raised under the Offering was CAD$94,875,000 ($72.6 million). Share issue costs of $3.3 million were paid resulting
in net proceeds of $69.3 million received by the Company in relation to the Offering.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Short-term credit facilities
On June 8, 2016, the Company secured an $18 million credit facility from an insider of the Company. A total of $8
million was drawn down under the Facility and repaid in full on July 22, 2016 from the proceeds of the Offering. A total
of 39,267 common shares of the Company were issued in lieu of interest and fees.
Subsequently, on January 16, 2017, the Company secured a second short-term $35 million credit facility from the same
party (the “2017 Facility”).
The 2017 Facility is evidenced by a debenture (the “2017 Debenture”) which is unsecured and is due on the earlier of
the closing of a financing by the Company or May 31, 2017 (the "Maturity Date"). No interest is payable in cash during
the term of the 2017 Debenture. Any amount of the 2017 Facility remaining unpaid and outstanding on or after the
Maturity Date shall bear interest at a rate of 5.00% per annum until repaid in full.
The Company issued an aggregate of 60,000 common shares on January 16, 2017 as consideration for the 2017
Facility in lieu of fees. The Company will also issue an additional 1,700 common shares per month for each $1 million
of the 2017 Facility drawn down and outstanding until the Maturity Date. All securities issued in conjunction with the
2017 Facility will be subject to a four-month hold period under applicable securities law.
While the Company has recently completed the Feasibility Study for FDN, it has just commenced its development and
has no other sources of revenues. The Company’s continuing operations and the underlying value and recoverability
of the amount shown for the mineral interests are entirely dependent upon the ability of the Company to obtain the
necessary financing to develop FDN, fund future advance royalty payments to the Government of Ecuador, and on
future profitable production.
Any potential development activities at FDN require substantial additional capital. As the Company does not have any
sources of revenue, the Company is pursuing various financing transactions or arrangements, including equity
financing, debt financing, stream financing, joint venturing or other means.
Management is engaged in advanced discussions with a number of parties, including financial institutions, strategic
and other potential investors, which would allow for longer term financial solutions to be put in place. There can be no
assurance that such financing will be available to the Company when required or, if available, that it will be offered on
terms acceptable to Lundin Gold. A failure to raise capital by mid-2017 could delay the commencement of development
of FDN and, if the ongoing negotiations to raise capital were to extend for a material period of time beyond mid-2017,
it could potentially have a material adverse effect on Lundin Gold’s business, financial condition and results of
operations.
TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES
During the 2016 Period, the Company paid $324,577 (2015 - $293,267) to Namdo Management Services Ltd.
(“Namdo”), a private corporation associated with an officer of the Company. The Company occupies office space in
the Namdo offices for the Company’s management, investor relations personnel and support staff. Namdo charges a
service fee and recovers out of pocket expenses related to the Company. In addition, during the 2016 Period, the
Company paid $97,566 (2015 - $107,321) to Bofill Mir & Alvarez Jana Abogados (“BMAJ”), a law firm of which a director
of the Company is a partner. BMAJ assisted the Company with the negotiations of the EA and IPA with the Government
of Ecuador. The Company also paid $116,244 (2015 – nil) to Lundin S.A.. Lundin S.A. is associated with a director of
the Company and provides administrative and office facilities pursuant to an agreement.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, cash equivalents and receivables, which are categorized as loans
and receivables, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities, which are categorized as amortized cost. The fair value
of these financial instruments other than cash approximates their carrying values due to the short-term nature of these
instruments.
The Company’s financial instruments are exposed to a variety of financial risks by virtue of its activities including
currency, credit, interest rate and liquidity risk.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Currency risk
The Company’s parent is Canadian and its capital is raised in Canadian dollars, with foreign operations in Ecuador.
Expenditures in Ecuador are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. As such, the Company is subject to risk due to
fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currencies. Although the Company does not enter into derivative financial
instruments to manage its exposure, the Company tries to manage this risk by maintaining most of its cash in U.S.
dollars.
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of a financial loss to the Company if a counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its
contractual obligations. The majority of the Company’s cash is held in a large Canadian financial institution with a high
investment grade rating. The Company does not have any asset-backed commercial paper. The Company’s
receivables are made up of interest recoverable from large Canadian financial institutions.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of
changes in market interest rates. There is a very limited interest rate risk as the Company holds no interest bearing
financial obligations or assets.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its obligations as they become due. Cash flow
forecasting is performed regularly which monitors the Company’s liquidity requirements to ensure it has sufficient cash
to meet its operational needs at all times. In addition, management is actively involved in the review, planning and
approval of significant expenditures and commitments. Management is currently engaged in advanced discussions
with a number of parties, including financial institutions, strategic and other potential investors, which would allow for
longer term financial solutions to be put in place (refer to Liquidity and Capital Resources section above).
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company has committed to payments under various leases and other commitments. Excluding spending amount
which may be required to maintain the Company’s mineral properties in good standing, the future minimum payments
are as follows:
2017
2018
Total
Advance royalty
Other
Total
$
$
20,000,000 $
20,000,000
7,236,910
-
$
27,236,910
20,000,000
40,000,000 $
7,236,910
$
47,236,910
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
During the 2016 Period and the 2015 Period there were no material off-balance sheet transactions. The Company has
not entered into any specialized financial arrangements to minimize its currency risk.
OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA
As at the date of this MD&A, there were 118,748,003 common shares issued and outstanding and stock options
outstanding to purchase a total of 3,834,500 common shares for a total of 122,582,503 common shares outstanding
on a fully-diluted basis.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
OUTLOOK
The Company remains on track with the Early Works program which is expected to be completed by mid-2017. In
addition, the mine development contract for FDN was awarded on February 21, 2017 which encompasses construction
of the mine portals and soft tunnelling work and the development of the twin declines. These activities support the
commencement of construction of the mine portals and twin declines in the second quarter of 2017.
Upon completion of basic engineering, near the end of the first quarter of 2017, the Company anticipates preparing a
production plan based on the new mine plan, updated capital and operating cost estimates and a revised execution
plan taking into account a self perform approach versus conventional EPCM approach.
During the next 12 months, the Company will continue to work with its financial advisors to put in place the financing
for the construction of FDN. Funding for the construction and development of FDN is expected to be done by various
financing transactions or arrangements, including equity financing, debt financing, stream financing, joint venturing or
other means with the objective of securing a first stage of funding by mid-2017.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The Company's significant accounting policies are presented in Note 3 in the Notes to the audited consolidated financial
statements for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and
assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and expenses. The
estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed
to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these
estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are
recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the
revision and further periods if the review affects both current and future periods.
Significant assumptions about the future and other sources of estimation uncertainty that management has made at
the end of the reporting period, that could result in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
in the event that the actual results differ from assumptions made, relate to, but are not limited to, the following:
Valuation of mineral properties
The Company carries the acquisition costs of its mineral properties at cost less any provision for impairment. The
Company undertakes a periodic review of the carrying values of mineral properties and whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that their carrying values may exceed their fair value. In undertaking this review, management
of the Company is required to make significant judgments. These judgments are subject to various risks and
uncertainties, which may ultimately influence the expected recoverability of the carrying values of the mineral properties
and related expenditures.
Utilization of tax losses
The Company is subject to income taxes in a number of jurisdictions. At present all of the entities are creating tax
losses. These tax losses are only recognized to the extent that expected future taxable profits are available.
Stock-based compensation
The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and are expensed over their
vesting periods. In estimating fair value, management of the Company is required to make certain assumptions and
estimates regarding the life of the options, volatility and forfeiture rates. Changes in the assumptions used could result
in materially different results.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Decommissioning and site restoration
The Company has obligations for site restoration and decommissioning related to FDN. The future obligations for
decommissioning and site restoration activities are estimated by the Company using mine closure plans or other similar
studies which outline the requirements that will be carried out to meet the obligations. Because the obligations are
dependent on the laws and regulations of the country in which the project is located, the requirements could change
as a result of amendments in the laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and other legislation affecting
resource companies. As the estimate of obligations is based on future expectations, a number of assumptions and
judgments are made by management in the determination of closure provisions. The decommissioning and site
restoration provisions are more uncertain the further into the future the mine closure activities are to be carried out.
CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES
New standards and interpretations not yet adopted
IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers
The IASB has issued a new standard for the recognition of revenue. This will replace IAS 18 which covers contracts
for goods and services and IAS 11 which covers construction contracts.
The new standard is based on the principle that revenue is recognised when control of a good or service transfers to a
customer.
The standard permits either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach for the adoption.
IFRS 15 will be effective for financial years commencing on or after January 1, 2018. The Company does not expect
any impact from this new standard as the Company has yet to generate any revenues.
IFRS 9, Financial Instruments
IFRS 9 addresses the classification, measurement and derecognition of financial assets and financial liabilities,
introduces new rules for hedge accounting and a new impairment model for financial assets.
The completed version of IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. The Company
does not expect any impact from the new classification, measurement and derecognition rules on the Company’s
financial assets and financial liabilities.
IFRS 16, Leases
IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016. It will result in almost all leases being recognised on the balance sheet, as the
distinction between operating and finance leases is removed. Under the new standard, an asset (the right to use the
leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are recognised. The only exceptions are short-term and low-value
leases.
The accounting for lessors will not significantly change.
IFRS 16 will be effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. The Company does not expect any
impact from this new standard as the Company does not currently have any leases.
QUALIFIED PERSON
The technical information relating to FDN contained in this MD&A has been reviewed and approved by Ron Hochstein
P. Eng, Lundin Gold’s President & CEO, and Nicholas Teasdale, MAusIMM CP(Geo), Lundin Gold’s Vice-President
Exploration, both of whom are Qualified Persons under NI 43-101.
Full details of the Feasibility Study can be found in a technical report entitled "Fruta del Norte - NI 43-101 Technical
Report on Feasibility Study" (the “Technical Report”) which has an effective date of April 30, 2016. The Technical
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Report is available for review under the Company's profile on SEDAR (www.sedar.com) and on the Company's website
(www.lundingold.com).
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The report for the three months ended March 31, 2017 is expected to be published on or about May 10, 2017.
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Disclosure controls and procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be
disclosed by the Company in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities
legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the securities
legislation and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the
Company in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted under securities legislation is accumulated
and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the
design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. As of December 31, 2016, the Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have each concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and
procedures, as defined in NI 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuer’s Annual and Interim Filings, are effective to
achieve the purpose for which they have been designed.
Internal controls over financial reporting
Internal controls over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS. Management is also
responsible for the design of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting in order to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with IFRS.
The Company’s internal controls over financial reporting include policies and procedures that: pertain to the
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and disposition of assets;
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the financial
statements in accordance with IFRS and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with
authorization of management and directors of the Company; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention
or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the
design and operation of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. As of December 31, 2016, the Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have each concluded that the Company’s internal controls over financial
reporting, as defined in NI 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuer’s Annual and Interim Filings, are effective to
achieve the purpose for which they have been designed.
Because of their inherent limitations, internal controls over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance
and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Furthermore, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future
periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the
degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
RISKS FACTORS
There are a number of factors that could negatively affect Lundin Gold’s business and the value of the common shares,
including the factors listed below. The following information pertains to the outlook and conditions currently known to
Lundin Gold that could have a material impact on the financial condition of the Company. Other factors may arise that
are not currently foreseen by management of Lundin Gold that may present additional risks in the future. Current and
prospective security holders of Lundin Gold should carefully consider these risk factors.
Financing Requirements
The development of FDN requires substantial additional capital. When such additional capital is required, Lundin Gold
may need to pursue various financing transactions or arrangements, including equity financing, debt financing, joint
venturing of projects or other means. Additional financing may not be available when needed or, if available, the terms
of such financing might not be favourable to Lundin Gold. If Lundin Gold raises additional funding by issuing equity,
such financing may substantially dilute the interests of shareholders and reduce the value of their investment.
Moreover, Lundin Gold may not be successful in locating suitable financing when required or at all. A failure to raise
capital when needed would have a material adverse effect on Lundin Gold’s business, financial condition and results
of operations.
In addition, debt and other mezzanine financing may involve a pledge of assets and may be senior to interests of equity
holders. Lundin Gold may incur substantial fees and costs in pursuing future capital requirements. The ability to obtain
needed financing may be impaired by a variety of factors such as the capital markets (both generally and in the gold
industry, in particular), the location of FDN in Ecuador and the price of gold.
Instability in Ecuador
FDN is located in Ecuador, South America. As a result, the Project is subject to certain risks and possible political and
economic instability specific to Ecuador, such as the outcome of political elections and the possible turnover of
government, political unrest, labour disputes, invalidation of government orders, permits or property rights, risk of
corruption including violations under applicable foreign corrupt practices laws, military repression, war, civil
disturbances, criminal and terrorist acts, arbitrary changes in laws, expropriation, nationalization, renegotiation or
nullification of existing agreements and changes to monetary or taxation policies. The occurrence of any of these risks
may adversely affect the mining industry, mineral exploration and mining activities generally or the Company and,
among impacts, could result in the impairment or loss of mineral concessions or other mineral rights.
Exploration, development or production may also be affected to varying degrees by government regulations with
respect to, but not limited to, restrictions on future exploitation and production, price controls, export controls, income
taxes, labour and immigration, and by delays in obtaining or the inability to obtain necessary permits, opposition to
mining from environmental and other non-governmental organizations, limitations on foreign ownership, expropriation
of property, ownership of assets, environmental legislation, labour relations, limitations on repatriation of income and
return of capital, high rates of inflation, increased financing costs and site safety. These factors may affect both Lundin
Gold’s ability to undertake exploration and development activities in respect of future properties in the manner
contemplated, as well as its ability to continue to explore, develop and operate those properties in which it has an
interest or in respect of which it has obtained exploration and development rights to date.
Ecuador is holding presidential elections this year, which will be decided by a runoff vote in April and which may result
in a change in government. Any shifts in political attitudes or changes in laws that may result in, among other things,
significant changes to mining laws or any other national legal body of regulations or policies are beyond the control of
Lundin Gold and may adversely affect its business. The Company faces the risk that future governments may adopt
substantially different policies, which might extend to the expropriation of assets or increased government participation
in the mining sector. In addition, changes in resource development or investment policies, increases in taxation rates,
higher mining fees and royalty payments, revocation or cancellation of mining concession rights or shifts in political
attitudes in Ecuador may adversely affect Lundin Gold’s business.
Gold Price
Gold price has fluctuated widely, particularly in recent years. The price of gold is affected by numerous factors beyond
Lundin Gold’s control, including levels of supply and demand, global or regional consumptive patterns, sales by
government holders, metal stock levels maintained by producers and others, increased production due to new mine
developments and improved mining and production methods, speculative activities related to the sale of metals,
availability and costs of metal substitutes, international economic and political conditions, interest rates, currency values
and inflation.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
The development of FDN requires substantial additional capital. When such additional capital is required, Lundin Gold
may need to pursue various financing transactions or arrangements, including equity financing, debt financing, joint
venturing of projects or other means. Variations in the gold price may impact if the additional financing is available
when needed or, if available, the terms of such financing might not be favourable to Lundin Gold.
The mineral exploration and development industry in general is intensely competitive, and there is a risk that even with
commercial quantities of proven and probable Mineral Reserves, a profitable market may not exist for the sale of the
same. The economically viable development of identified Mineral Reserves is highly dependent upon the price of
metals. A sustained and substantial decline in gold prices could result in the write down, termination of exploration work
or loss of its interests in such properties.
If FDN is developed to production, the majority of Lundin Gold’s revenue will be derived from the sale of gold. Therefore,
fluctuations in the prices of this commodity may affect Lundin Gold’s future operations and potential profitability.
Declining market prices for gold could materially adversely affect Lundin Gold’s future operations and profitability.
Further, if the price of gold decreases, then potential revenues from FDN will likely decrease and such decreased
revenues may increase the requirements for capital. Failure to obtain sufficient financing will result in a delay or
indefinite postponement of development or production at FDN.
Government or Regulatory Approvals
Lundin Gold’s exploration and development activities and its operations depend on its ability to obtain, sustain or renew
various mineral rights, licenses, permits, authorizations and regulatory approvals (collectively, “Rights” and individually
a “Right”) from various governmental and quasi-governmental authorities. Lundin Gold’s ability to obtain, sustain or
renew such Rights on acceptable terms and on a timely basis is subject to changes in regulations and policies and to
the discretion of the applicable governmental and quasi-governmental bodies. Lundin Gold may not be able to obtain,
sustain or renew its Rights or its Rights may not be obtainable on reasonable terms or on a timely basis.
Additional Rights that are necessary to permit Lundin Gold to commercially exploit the deposit at FDN may be subject
to unfavourable terms, may be delayed or may not be obtained at all. A delay in obtaining any such Rights, the
imposition of unfavourable terms or conditions on any Rights or the denial of any Right may have a material adverse
effect on Lundin Gold’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects and, in particular, the
development of FDN.
Contractor Performance
As the Company proceeds with the development of FDN, the timely and cost effective completion of the work will
depend on a large degree to the satisfactory performance of Lundin Gold’s contractors, as well as the design and
engineering consultants who are responsible for the different elements of the site and mine plan. If any of these
contractors or consultants do not perform to accepted or expected standards, Lundin Gold may be required to hire
different contractors to complete tasks, which may impact schedules and add costs to the Project and, in some cases
lead to significant risks and losses. A major contractor default or the failure to properly manage contractor performance
could have a material impact on Lundin Gold’s results.
Risks with Underground Development
The Company’s activities related to the development of the mine at FDN are subject to risks inherent in the mining
industry generally, including unexpected problems associated with required water flow, retention and treatment, water
quality, surface and underground conditions, equipment performance, accidents, labour disputes, force majeure risks
and natural disasters. Particularly with underground development, inherent risks include variations in rock structure
and strength as it impacts on construction of the mine, de-watering and water handling requirements and unexpected
local ground conditions. Hazards, such as unusual or unexpected rock formations, rock bursts, pressures, collapses,
flooding or other conditions, may be encountered during construction. Such risks could result in personal injury or
fatality; damage to or destruction of the mine, processing facilities or equipment; environmental damage; delays,
suspensions or permanent cessation of activities; monetary losses; and possible legal liability.
Title Matters and Surface Rights and Access
There is a risk that title to the mining concessions, the surface rights and access rights comprising FDN may be deficient
or subject to dispute. The procurement or enforcement of such rights can be costly and time consuming. In areas
where there are local populations or land owners, it may be necessary, as a practical matter, to negotiate surface
access. Despite having the legal right to access the surface and carry on mining activities, Lundin Gold may not be
able to negotiate satisfactory agreements with existing landowners/occupiers for such access, and therefore it may be
unable to carry out mining activities as planned. In addition, in circumstances where such access is denied, or no
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
agreement can be reached, Lundin Gold may need to rely on the assistance of local officials or the courts in such
jurisdictions, which may delay or impact mining activities as planned.
There is also a risk that the Company’s exploration, development and mining authorizations and surface rights may be
challenged or impugned by third parties. In addition, there is a risk that Lundin Gold will not be able to renew some or
all its licenses in the future. Inability to renew a license could result in the loss of any project located within that license.
Finally, there is a risk that developing laws and movements respecting the acquisition of lands and other rights of
indigenous communities may alter the arrangements made by prior owners of the lands where FDN is located. Future
laws and actions could have a material adverse effect on Lundin Gold’s operations at FDN or on its financial position,
cash flow and results of operations.
Shortages of Critical Parts, Equipment and Skilled Labour
Lundin Gold’s ability to acquire critical resources such as input commodities, equipment, and skilled labour due to
worldwide demand, may cause unanticipated cost increases and delays in delivery times, thereby impacting operating
costs, capital expenditures and development schedules.
Employee Recruitment and Retention
Recruiting and retaining qualified personnel is critical to Lundin Gold’s success. Lundin Gold is dependent on the
services of key executives including its President and Chief Executive Officer and other highly skilled and experienced
executives and personnel focused on managing Lundin Gold’s interests. The number of persons skilled in construction,
development, acquisition and exploration of mining properties is limited and competition for such persons is intense.
As Lundin Gold continues with the development of FDN and its business activity grows, Lundin Gold will require
additional key construction, operations, financial and geologic personnel. There is a risk that Lundin Gold will not be
successful in attracting, training and retaining qualified personnel as competition for persons with these skill sets
increases. If Lundin Gold is not successful in attracting, training and retaining qualified personnel, the efficiency of
Lundin Gold’s operations could be impaired, which could have an adverse impact on Lundin Gold’s future cash flows,
earnings, results of operations and financial condition.
Community Relations
The Company’s relationship with communities in which it operates is critical to the construction and development of the
Project. FDN is located near rural communities, some of which contain groups that have been opposed to mining
activities from time to time in the past, which may affect Lundin Gold’s ability to develop FDN in the short and long term.
Furthermore, local communities may be influenced by external entities, groups or organizations opposed to mining
activities. In recent years, anti-mining nongovernmental organization (“NGO”) activity in Ecuador has increased. These
communities and NGOs have taken such actions as road closures, work stoppages, and law suits for damages. These
actions relate not only to current activities but often in respect to the mining activities by prior owners of mining
properties. Such actions by communities and NGOs may have a material adverse effect on Lundin Gold’s operations
at FDN and on its financial position, cash flow and results of operations. Lundin Gold does not presently maintain
political risk insurance for FDN.
Infrastructure
Mining, processing, development and exploration activities depend, to one degree or another, on adequate
infrastructure. Reliable roads, bridges, power sources and water supply are important elements of infrastructure, which
affect capital and operating costs. The lack of availability on acceptable terms or the delay in the availability of any one
or more of these items could prevent or delay exploration or development of FDN. If adequate infrastructure is not
available in a timely manner, there is a risk that (i) the development of FDN will not be completed on a timely basis, or
at al, (ii) the resulting operations will not achieve the anticipated production volume or (iii) the anticipated construction
costs and ongoing operating costs associated with the development of FDN will be higher than anticipated.
Furthermore, unusual or infrequent weather phenomena, sabotage, government or other interference in the
maintenance or provision of necessary infrastructure could adversely affect Lundin Gold’s operations and profitability.
Market Price of the Company’s Common Shares
Securities of mineral companies have experienced substantial volatility in the past, often based on factors unrelated to
the financial performance or prospects of the companies involved. These factors include macroeconomic conditions in
North America and globally, and market perceptions of the attractiveness of particular industries. The price of the
Company’s common shares is also likely to be significantly affected by short-term changes in commodity prices, other
mineral prices, currency exchange fluctuation, or in its financial condition or results of exploration on its projects. Other
factors unrelated to the performance of the Company that may have an effect on the price of the Company’s common
shares include the following: the extent of analyst coverage available to investors concerning the business of the
Company may be limited if investment banks with research capabilities do not follow the Company, lessening in trading
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
volume and general market interest in the Company's common shares may affect an investor's ability to trade significant
numbers of common shares of the Company, the size of the Company's public float and its inclusion in market indices
may limit the ability of some institutions to invest in the Company's common shares, and a substantial decline in the
price of the common shares of the Company that persists for a significant period of time could cause the Company's
common share to be delisted from an exchange, further reducing market liquidity. If an active market for the common
shares of the Company does not continue, the liquidity of an investor's investment may be limited and the price of the
Company’s common shares may decline. If an active market does not exist, investors may lose their entire investment
in the Company. As a result of any of these factors, the market price of the Company’s common shares at any given
point in time may not accurately reflect the long-term value of the Company. Securities class-action litigation often has
been brought against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of their securities. The Company
may in the future be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and damages
and divert management's attention and resources.
Tax Regime in Ecuador
Tax regimes in Ecuador may be subject to differing interpretations and are subject to change without notice. The
Company’s interpretation of tax law as applied to its transactions and activities may not coincide with that of the tax
authorities. As a result, the taxation applicable to transactions and operations may be challenged or revised by the tax
authorities, which could result in significant additional taxes, penalties and/or interest.
There is a risk that restrictions on the repatriation of earnings from Ecuador to foreign entities will be imposed in the
future and Lundin Gold has no control over withholding tax rates. In addition, there is a risk that new laws and
regulations in Ecuador may result in a capital gains tax on profits derived from the sale of shares, ownership interests
and other rights, such as exploration rights, of companies with permanent establishments in the country. The Company
will not likely be able to comply with this law as currently drafted as it does not have access to the information requested
by the law. It is unknown at this time what, if any, liability the Company or its subsidiaries may be subject to as a result
of the application of this law. There is a risk that the Company’s access to financing may be limited as a result of the
indirect taxation.
Measures to Protect Endangered Species
Ecuador is a country with a diverse and fragile ecosystem and the federal government, regional governments and
NGOs are vigilant in their protection of endangered species. The existence or discovery of an endangered species at
FDN would likely have a number of adverse consequences to the Company’s plans and operations. For instance, the
presence of an endangered species could require the Company to modify its design plans and construction, to take
extraordinary measures to protect the species or to cease its activities at FDN temporarily or permanently, all of which
would delay FDN’s development and production and would have an adverse economic impact on the Company, which
could be material. The existence or discovery of an endangered species at FDN could also ignite NGO and local
community opposition to FDN, which would be a further barrier to development of FDN and could impact the Company’s
global reputation.
Non-Compliance and Compliance Costs
Lundin Gold, its subsidiaries, its business and its operations are subject to various laws and regulations. The costs
associated with compliance with such laws and regulations may cause substantial delays and require significant cash
and financial expenditure, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company or the development of FDN.
The legal and regulatory requirements in Ecuador applicable to mining activities are different from those in Canada.
The officers and directors of the Company rely, to a great extent, on the Company’s local legal counsel and local
consultants and advisors in respect of legal, environmental compliance, banking, financing and tax matters in order to
ensure compliance with material legal, regulatory and governmental developments as they pertain to and affect the
Company’s operations in Ecuador and to assist the Company with its governmental relations. The Company may also
rely, to some extent, on those members of management who have previous experience working and conducting
business in Ecuador.
Despite these resources, the Company may fail to comply with a legal or regulatory requirement, which may lead to
the revocation of certain rights or to penalties or fees and in enforcement actions thereunder, including orders issued
by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed and may include corrective measures
requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions. Parties engaged in exploration
operations may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of the exploration activities and
may have civil or criminal fines or penalties imposed for violations of applicable laws or regulations and, in particular,
environmental laws. Any of the foregoing may have a material adverse effect on the Company or the development of
FDN.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
Economic Developments in Ecuador
Due to its location in Ecuador, FDN depends in part upon the performance of the Ecuadorian economy. As a result,
Lundin Gold’s business, financial position and results of operations may be affected by the general conditions of the
Ecuadorian economy, price instabilities, currency fluctuations, inflation, interest rates, regulatory changes, taxation
changes, social instabilities, political unrest and other developments in or affecting Ecuador over which Lundin Gold
does not have control. Because international investors’ reactions to the events occurring in one emerging market
country sometimes appear to demonstrate a “contagion” effect in which an entire region or class of investment is
disfavoured by international investors, Ecuador could also be adversely affected by negative economic or financial
developments in other emerging market countries.
Exploration and Development Risks
The exploration for, and development of, mineral deposits involves significant risks which, even with a combination of
careful evaluation, experience and knowledge, may not be eliminated. Few exploration properties are ultimately
developed into producing mines. Major expenses may be required to locate and establish Mineral Reserves, to develop
metallurgical processes, and to construct mining and processing facilities at a particular site. There is a risk that the
exploration or development programs of Lundin Gold will not result in a profitable commercial mining operation.
Whether a mineral deposit will be commercially viable depends on a number of factors, including but not limited to: the
particular attributes of the deposit, such as quantity and quality of the minerals, metallurgy and proximity to infrastructure
and labour; mineral prices, which are highly cyclical; and government regulations, including regulations relating to
prices, taxes, royalties, land tenure, land use, importing and exporting of minerals, and environmental protection. The
exact effect of these factors cannot be accurately predicted but could have a material adverse effect upon Lundin Gold’s
operations.
There is a risk that the expenditures made by Lundin Gold towards the search and evaluation of precious metals and
other minerals will not result in discoveries of additional Mineral Resources, Mineral Reserves or any other mineral
occurrences. There is a risk that even if commercial quantities of ore are discovered, the new ore body will not be
developed and brought into commercial production. Development projects are subject to, but not limited to, the
successful completion of final feasibility studies, issuance of necessary permits and other government approvals and
receipt of adequate financing.
Mineral Reserve and Resource Estimates
Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource figures are estimates, and there is a risk that any of the Mineral Resources and
Mineral Reserves identified at FDN to date will not be realized. Until a deposit is actually mined and processed, the
quantity of Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves and grades must be considered as estimates only. In addition,
the quantity of Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves may vary depending on, among other things, precious metal
prices. Any material change in quantity of Mineral Resources, Mineral Reserves or percent extraction of those Mineral
Reserves recoverable by underground mining techniques may affect the economic viability of any project undertaken
by Lundin Gold. In addition, there is a risk that metal recoveries in small scale laboratory tests will not be duplicated in
a larger scale test under on-site conditions or during production.
Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability, and there is a risk that
they will never be mined or processed profitably. Further, there is a risk that Inferred Mineral Resources will not be
upgraded to proven and probable Mineral Reserves as a result of continued exploration.
Fluctuations in gold prices, results of drilling, metallurgical testing and production and the evaluation of studies, reports
and plans subsequent to the date of any estimate may require revision of such estimate. Any material reductions in
estimates of Mineral Reserves could have a material adverse effect on Lundin Gold’s results of operations and financial
condition.
Operating History
Lundin Gold has limited experience in operating FDN and conducting exploration work in Ecuador generally. Although
Lundin Gold possesses an experienced management team, Lundin Gold is subject to many risks common to new
enterprises, including limitations with respect to personnel, financial and other resources and lack of revenues. There
is a risk that Lundin Gold will not be successful in achieving a return on shareholders’ investment and the likelihood of
Lundin Gold’s success must be considered in light of its expected early stage of operations.
Dependence on Single Project
The only property in which Lundin Gold has an interest is FDN. Actual development costs thereof may differ materially
from Lundin Gold’s estimates and may render the development of FDN economically unfeasible. In the absence of
additional mineral projects, Lundin Gold is solely dependent upon FDN for its revenue and profits, if any. Should the
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
development of FDN not be possible or practicable for political, engineering, technical or economic reasons, then
Lundin Gold’s business and financial position will be significantly and adversely affected.
Artisanal and Illegal Mining
Previous mining by illegal and artisanal miners has occurred in the area surrounding FDN and occurs today on a more
limited basis. Activity by artisanal and illegal miners could lead to interference with Lundin Gold’s operations and could
result in conflicts. These potential activities could cause damage to FDN, including pollution, environmental damage,
fires, or personal injury or death, for which Lundin Gold could potentially be held responsible. The presence of artisanal
and illegal miners can lead to project delays and disputes regarding the development or operation of gold deposits.
Artisanal and illegal mining can also result in mine stoppages, environmental issues and could have a material adverse
effect on Lundin Gold’s results of operations or financial condition.
Reclamation Obligations
Reclamation requirements are designed to minimize long-term effects of mining exploitation and exploration
disturbance by requiring the operating company to control possible deleterious effluents and to re-establish to some
degree pre-disturbance land forms and vegetation. Lundin Gold is subject to such requirements in connection with its
activities at FDN and may be liable for actions and activities and disturbances caused by artisanal and illegal miners
on the Company’s property. Any significant environmental issues that may arise, however, could lead to increased
reclamation expenditures and could have a material adverse impact on Lundin Gold’s financial resources. Furthermore,
environmental hazards may exist on the properties in which Lundin Gold holds interests which are unknown to Lundin
Gold at present and which have been caused by previous or existing owners or operators of the properties.
There can also be no assurance that closure estimates prove to be accurate. The amounts recorded for reclamation
costs are estimates unique to a property based on estimates provided by independent consulting engineers and Lundin
Gold’s assessment of the anticipated timing of future reclamation and remediation work required to comply with existing
laws and regulations. Actual costs incurred in future periods could differ from amounts estimated. Additionally, future
changes to environmental laws and regulations could affect the extent of reclamation and remediation work required to
be performed by Lundin Gold. Any such changes in future costs could materially impact the amounts charged to
operations for reclamation and remediation.
Adverse Economic Conditions
The unprecedented events in financial markets in the past several years have had a profound impact on the global
economy. Many industries, including the precious metals mining industry, are impacted by these market conditions.
Some of the key impacts of the current financial market turmoil include contraction in credit markets resulting in a
widening of credit risk, devaluations, high volatility in global equity, commodity, foreign exchange and precious metal
markets and a lack of market liquidity. A continued or worsened slowdown in the financial markets or other economic
conditions, including but not limited to, consumer spending, employment rates, business conditions, inflation, fuel and
energy costs, consumer debt levels, lack of available credit, the state of the financial markets, interest rates and tax
rates may adversely affect Lundin Gold’s growth and profitability. Specifically, the current commodity market conditions
have had an impact on the cost and availability of financing and liquidity for commodity related companies and there is
a risk that the Company will not successfully finance ongoing operations. The volatility of gold prices would also impact
Lundin Gold’s expected revenues, profits, losses and cash flow while continued recessionary pressures could adversely
impact demand for Lundin Gold’s production, if any. Finally, volatile energy, commodity and consumables prices and
currency exchange rates would impact Lundin Gold’s production costs, if any, and the devaluation and volatility of
global stock markets could impact Lundin Gold. These factors could have a material adverse effect on Lundin Gold’s
financial condition and results of operations.
Information Systems and Cyber Security
The Company's operations depend on information technology (“IT”) systems. These IT systems could be subject to
network disruptions caused by a variety of sources, including computer viruses, security breaches and cyber-attacks,
as well as disruptions resulting from incidents such as cable cuts, damage to physical plants, natural disasters,
terrorism, fire, power loss, vandalism and theft. The Company's operations also depend on the timely maintenance,
upgrade and replacement of networks, equipment, IT systems and software, as well as pre-emptive expenses to
mitigate the risks of failures. Any of these and other events could result in information system failures, delays and/or
increase in capital expenses. The failure of information systems or a component of information systems could,
depending on the nature of any such failure, adversely impact the Company's reputation and results of operations.
Although to date the Company has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information
security breaches, there can be no assurance that the Company will not incur such losses in the future. The Company's
risk and exposure to these matters cannot be fully mitigated because of, among other things, the evolving nature of
these threats. As a result, cyber security and the continued development and enhancement of controls, processes and
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
practices designed to protect systems, computers, software, data and networks from attack, damage or unauthorized
access remain a priority. As cyber threats continue to evolve, the Company may be required to expend additional
resources to continue to modify or enhance protective measures or to investigate and remediate any security
vulnerabilities.
Industry Competition
The mining industry is intensely competitive in all its phases. Lundin Gold competes with many companies that have
greater financial and technical resources than Lundin Gold for the acquisition of mineral properties, recruitment and
retention of qualified employees and access to equipment required for exploration, development and production. There
is a risk that competition adversely affects Lundin Gold’s future exploration and development of FDN or other projects
it may acquire.
Insurance and Uninsured Risks
The business of Lundin Gold is subject to a number of risks and hazards generally, including adverse environmental
conditions, industrial accidents, labour disputes, unexpected geological conditions, ground or slope failures, cave-ins,
rock bursts, changes in the regulatory environment and natural phenomena such as inclement weather conditions,
floods and earthquakes. Such occurrences could result in damage to mineral properties, personal injury or damage to
the properties of Lundin Gold or the properties of others, delays in mining, monetary losses and possible legal liability.
Lundin Gold’s current insurance does not cover all the potential risks associated with an exploration or development
company’s operations. Lundin Gold may also be unable to maintain insurance to cover certain risks at economically
feasible premiums. Insurance coverage may not continue to be available or may not be adequate to cover any resulting
liability. Moreover, insurance against risks such as environmental pollution or other hazards as a result of exploration
and production is not generally available to Lundin Gold or to other companies in the mining and exploration industry
on acceptable terms. Lundin Gold might also become subject to liability for pollution or other hazards which it may not
be insured against or which Lundin Gold may elect not to insure against because of premium costs or other reasons.
Losses from these events may cause Lundin Gold to incur significant costs that could have a material adverse effect
upon its consolidated financial performance and results of operations.
Application of Anti-Bribery Laws
Lundin Gold is required to comply with anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, including the Canadian Corruption of
Foreign Public Officials Act, as well as similar laws in the countries in which Lundin Gold conducts its business. If
Lundin Gold finds itself subject to an enforcement action or is found to be in violation of such laws, this may result in
significant penalties, fines and/or sanctions imposed on Lundin Gold resulting in a material adverse effect on Lundin
Gold.
Claims and Legal Proceedings
Lundin Gold may be subject to claims or legal proceedings in multiple jurisdictions covering a wide range of matters
that arise in the ordinary course of its current business or the Company’s previous business activities in Canada, Cyprus
and Russia which could materially adversely impact Lundin Gold’s financial position, cash flow and results of
operations.
Internal Controls
Internal controls over financial reporting are procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that transactions
are properly authorized, assets are safeguarded against unauthorized or improper use, and transactions are properly
recorded and reported. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable, not
absolute, assurance with respect to the reliability of financial reporting and financial statement preparation.
Control of Lundin Gold
As at the date hereof, Zebra and Lorito Holdings S.à.r.l (“Lorito”), who report their security holdings as joint actors, and
Kinross Gold Corporation (“Kinross”) are control persons of Lundin Gold. As long as Kinross, Zebra and Lorito maintain
significant interests in Lundin Gold, they will have the ability to exercise certain influence with respect to the affairs of
Lundin Gold and significantly affect the outcome of the votes of shareholders. There is a risk that the interests of
Kinross, Zebra and Lorito differ from those of other shareholders.
As a result of the significant holdings of Kinross, Zebra and Lorito, there is a risk that the Company’s securities are less
liquid and trade at a relative discount compared to circumstances where these persons did not have the ability to
influence or determine matters affecting Lundin Gold. Additionally, there is a risk that their significant interests in Lundin
Gold discourages transactions involving a change of control of Lundin Gold, including transactions in which an investor,
as a holder of the Company’s securities, would otherwise receive a premium for its Company’s securities over the then-
current market price.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Year Ended December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain of the information and statements in this MD&A are considered “forward-looking information” or “forward-looking
statements” as those terms are defined under Canadian securities laws (collectively referred to as “forward-looking
statements”). Any statements that express or involve discussions with respect to predictions, expectations, beliefs,
plans, projections, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance (often, but not always, identified by words
or phrases such as “believes”, “anticipates”, “expects”, “is expected”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “pending”, “intends”,
“plans”, “forecasts”, “targets”, or “hopes”, or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions,
events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “will”, “should” “might”, “will be taken”, or “occur” and similar expressions) are
not statements of historical fact and may be forward-looking statements.
By their nature, forward-looking statements and information involve assumptions, inherent risks and uncertainties,
many of which are difficult to predict, and are usually beyond the control of management, that could cause actual results
to be materially different from those expressed by these forward-looking statements and information. Lundin Gold
believes that the expectations reflected in this forward looking information are reasonable, but no assurance can be
given that these expectations will prove to be correct. Forward-looking information should not be unduly relied upon.
This information speaks only as of the date of this MD&A, and the Company will not necessarily update this information,
unless required to do so by securities laws.
This MD&A contains forward-looking information in a number of places, such as in statements pertaining to: the benefits
to be derived under the exploitation agreement and the investment protection agreement; the timing, progress and
success of the Early Works program; the success of the Company’s exploration plans and activities; planned
exploration and development expenditures and reclamation costs; the timing and success of permitting and regulatory
approvals; the completion of a new production plan within the expected timeframe; future sources of liquidity, capital
expenditures and requirements; the expectations of market prices and costs; the development, construction and
operation of FDN; anticipated future tax payments and rates, cash flows and their uses.
Lundin Gold’s actual results could differ materially from those anticipated. Management has identified the following
risk factors which could have a material impact on the Company or the trading price of its shares: the ability to arrange
financing and the risk to shareholders of dilution from future equity financings; risks related to carrying on business in
an emerging market such as possible government instability and civil turmoil and economic instability; volatility in the
price of gold; the timely receipt of regulatory approvals, permits and licenses; risks associated with the performance of
the Company’s contractors; risks inherent in the development of an underground mine; deficient or vulnerable title to
mining concessions and surface rights; shortages of resources, such as labour, and the dependence on key personnel;
risks associated with the Company’s community relationships; unreliable infrastructure and local opposition to mining;
volatility in the market price of the Company’s shares; uncertainty with the tax regime in Ecuador; measures required
to protect endangered species; difficulty complying with changing government regulations and policies, including
without limitation, compliance with environment, health and safety regulations, and the cost of compliance or failure to
comply with applicable laws; exploration and development risks; the accuracy of the Mineral Reserve and Resource
estimates for FDN and the Company’s reliance on one project; liabilities; the Company’s lack of operating history in
Ecuador; illegal mining; uncertainty as to reclamation and decommissioning; adverse global economic conditions; risks
associated with the Company’s information systems; the inadequacy of insurance; risks of bribery or corruption; the
potential for litigation; limits of disclosure and internal controls; and the potential influence of the Company’s largest
shareholders.
There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate, as Lundin Gold's actual results and future
events could differ materially from those anticipated in this forward-looking information as a result of the factors
discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in this MD&A.
February 24, 2017
Independent Auditor’s Report
To the Shareholders of Lundin Gold Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Lundin Gold Inc., which comprise
the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and the
consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss, changes in equity and cash flows for the years
then ended, and the related notes, which comprise a summary of significant accounting policies and other
explanatory information.
Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial
statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control
as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements
that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditor’s responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those
standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material
misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in
the consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment,
including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements,
whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control
relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order
to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing
an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the
appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a
basis for our audit opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers Place, 250 Howe Street, Suite 1400, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 3S7
T: +1 604 806 7000, F: +1 604 806 7806, www.pwc.com/ca
“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership.
Opinion
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of Lundin Gold Inc. as at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and its financial
performance and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial
Reporting Standards.
signed “PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP”
Chartered Professional Accountants
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash
Other current assets
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Mineral properties
Advance royalty
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Reclamation provisions
EQUITY
Share capital
Equity-settled share-based payment reserve
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Deficit
Nature of operations and Liquidity (Note 1)
Subsequent events (Note 19)
Note
December 31,
2016
December 31,
2015
$
8,503,476 $
706,982
21,360,228
608,297
9,210,458
21,968,525
4
5
6
7,821,938
236,873,803
25,000,000
8,557,202
236,873,803
-
$
278,906,199 $ 267,399,530
$
8,188,403 $
5,654,500
8
973,831
866,593
9,162,234
6,521,093
9
10
456,750,048
7,421,932
(11,377,657)
(183,050,358)
386,675,284
5,012,391
(10,572,699)
(120,236,539)
269,743,965
260,878,437
$
278,906,199 $ 267,399,530
Approved by the Board of Directors
/s/ Ron F. Hochstein
Ron F. Hochstein
/s/ Ian W. Gibbs
Ian W. Gibbs
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
EXPENSES
Project evaluation
Exploration
General and administration:
Depreciation
Donations
Investor relations
Municipal taxes
Office and general
Professional fees
Regulatory and transfer agent
Salaries and benefits
Stock-based compensation
Travel
Loss before other items
OTHER ITEMS
Other expense (income)
Interest income
Net loss for the year
Note
Years Ended December 31,
2016
2015
11
$
36,906,551 $
36,144,858
5,317,000
939,131
25,868
681,973
895,767
520,661
1,876,182
3,603,346
170,792
3,602,160
2,207,775
999,518
23,159
2,000,000
554,508
496,400
2,128,765
2,304,976
169,562
3,270,048
1,693,658
899,280
56,807,593
50,624,345
6,186,406
(180,180)
(5,192,420)
(108,063)
$
62,813,819 $
45,323,862
10
12
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to net loss
Currency translation adjustment
Other
824,872
(19,914)
7,643,688
89,013
Comprehensive loss for the year
$
63,618,777 $
53,056,563
Basic and diluted loss per common share
$
0.59 $
0.45
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
108,675,136
101,219,763
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
Number of
Common
Shares
Note
Share
Capital
Equity-settled
Share-based
Payment
Reserve
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Deficit
Total
Balance December 31, 2014
101,176,268 $ 386,315,842 $
3,006,381 $
(2,839,998) $
(74,912,677) $ 311,569,548
Exercise of stock options
Stock-based compensation
Currency translation adjustment
Other
Net loss for the year
10
10
84,000
-
-
-
-
359,442
-
-
-
-
(99,360)
2,105,370
-
-
-
-
-
(7,643,688)
(89,013)
-
-
-
-
-
(45,323,862)
260,082
2,105,370
(7,643,688)
(89,013)
(45,323,862)
Balance December 31, 2015
101,260,268 $ 386,675,284 $
5,012,391 $
(10,572,699) $
(120,236,539) $ 260,878,437
Proceeds from equity financing, net
Exercise of stock options
Share consideration for debenture
Stock-based compensation
Currency translation adjustment
Other
Net loss for the year
9
10
10
17,250,000
136,000
39,267
-
-
-
-
69,261,119
641,211
172,434
-
-
-
-
-
(225,779)
-
2,635,320
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(824,872)
19,914
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(62,813,819)
69,261,119
415,432
172,434
2,635,320
(824,872)
19,914
(62,813,819)
Balance December 31, 2016
118,685,535 $ 456,750,048 $
7,421,932 $
(11,377,657) $
(183,050,358) $ 269,743,965
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss for the year
Item not affecting cash:
Stock-based compensation
Depreciation and accretion
Other expense
Changes in non-cash working capital items:
Other current assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Years Ended December 31,
Note
2016
2015
$
(62,813,819) $
(45,323,862)
10
2,635,320
1,109,363
(751,076)
2,105,370
1,120,406
(5,283,696)
(59,820,212)
(47,381,782)
(95,382)
2,525,491
78,088
4,066,798
Net cash used for operating activities
(57,390,103)
(43,236,896)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net proceeds from equity financing
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Net proceeds from draw downs of debenture
Repayment of debenture
Non-cash finance cost of debenture
Change in non-cash working capital items:
Proceeds from private placement, net
9
7
7
69,261,119
415,432
8,000,000
(8,000,000)
172,434
-
-
260,082
-
-
-
-
(239,656)
Net cash provided by financing activities
69,848,985
20,426
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Payment of advance royalty
Acquisition of Aurelian Resources Inc., net of cash acquired
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
(25,000,000)
-
(394,746)
-
(3,548,816)
(165,900)
Net cash used for investing activities
(25,394,746)
(3,714,716)
Effect of foreign exchange rate differences on cash
79,112
(2,628,063)
Net decrease in cash
Cash, beginning of year
Cash, end of year
Supplemental information
Interest received
Taxes paid
Changes in accounts payable and accrued liabilities related to:
Proceeds from private placement, net
Acquisition of Aurelian Resources Inc.
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
(12,856,752)
(49,559,249)
21,360,228
70,919,477
$
8,503,476 $
21,360,228
180,180
-
-
-
-
125,221
-
(239,656)
(3,548,816)
(55,672)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
1. Nature of operations and Liquidity
Lundin Gold Inc. together with its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “Lundin Gold” or the “Company”) is
focused on advancing the Fruta del Norte gold project in Ecuador (the “Fruta del Norte Project”) through
development to a production decision.
The common shares of the Company are listed for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange (the “TSX”) and
Nasdaq Stockholm under the symbol “LUG”. The Company was originally incorporated in British Columbia and
continued under the Canada Business Corporations Act in 2002.
The Company’s head office is located at Suite 2000, 885 W. Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC, and it has a
corporate office in Quito, Ecuador.
At December 31, 2016, the Company had a working capital balance of $1.0 million (2015 - $16.3 million). In
January 2017, it secured a $35 million short-term credit facility (Note 19) to fund ongoing activities at the Fruta
del Norte Project in the early part of 2017.
While the Company has recently completed a feasibility study for the Fruta del Norte Project, it has just
commenced its development and has no other sources of revenues. The Company’s continuing operations and
the underlying value and recoverability of the amount shown for the mineral interests are entirely dependent
upon the ability of the Company to obtain the necessary financing to develop the Fruta del Norte Project, fund
future advance royalty payments to the Government of Ecuador (Note 6), and on future profitable production.
Any potential development activities at the Fruta del Norte Project require substantial additional capital. As the
Company does not have any sources of revenue, the Company is pursuing various financing transactions or
arrangements, including equity financing, debt financing, stream financing, joint venturing or other means.
Management is engaged in advanced discussions with a number of parties, including financial institutions,
strategic and other potential investors, which would allow for longer term financial solutions to be put in place.
There can be no assurance that such financing will be available to the Company when required or, if available,
that it will be offered on terms acceptable to Lundin Gold. A failure to raise capital by mid-2017 could delay the
commencement of development of the Fruta del Norte Project and, if the ongoing negotiations to raise capital
were to extend for a material period of time beyond mid-2017, it could potentially have a material adverse effect
on Lundin Gold’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
2. Basis of preparation
These consolidated financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared using accounting policies
consistent with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting
Standards Board (“IASB”). The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated
financial statements are set out below and have been consistently applied to all the periods presented.
These consolidated financial statements were approved for issue by the Board of Directors on February 24,
2017.
The following entities are included in these consolidated financial statements:
Fortress Minerals Cyprus (I) Ltd.
Aurelian Resources Inc.
Aurelian Resources Corporation Ltd.
Aurelian Ecuador S.A.
Aurelian Ecuador Holding S.A.
Ecoaurelian Agricola S.A.
Country of
incorporation
Republic of Cyprus
Canada
Canada
Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador
Ordinary shares held
December 31, December 31,
2016
-
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
2015
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
Fortress Minerals Cyprus (I) Ltd. was wound up during the year ended December 31, 2016.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
2. Basis of preparation (continued)
The proportion of the voting rights held directly by the parent company does not differ from the proportion of
ordinary shares held.
3. Summary of significant accounting policies
The Company’s principal accounting policies are outlined below:
(a) Basis of consolidation
These consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and the
entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has the power, directly or indirectly,
to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. The
financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that
control commences until the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and
balances have been eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to
ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Company.
(b) Foreign currency translation
Transactions and balances
In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the
entity’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates
of the transactions. At each statement of financial position date, monetary assets and liabilities are
translated using the period end foreign exchange rate. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated
using the historical rate on the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are stated at
fair value are translated using the historical rate on the date that the fair value was determined. All gains
and losses on translation of these foreign currency transactions are included in the profit or loss.
Group companies
The functional currency of the significant subsidiary of the Company, Aurelian Ecuador S.A., is U.S. dollars.
Other entities which have a functional currency different from the presentation currency, including Lundin
Gold Inc. whose functional currency is CAD, are translated into the presentation currency as follows:
i.
ii.
iii.
Assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing
rate at the date of that statement of financial position.
Income and expenses for each statement of loss are translated at average exchange rates (unless
this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on
the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the rate on the dates of
the transactions).
All resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive loss as cumulative
translation adjustments.
(c) Critical accounting estimates and judgments
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates
and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and
expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other
factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of
making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from
other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting
estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period
or in the period of the revision and further periods if the review affects both current and future periods.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)
Significant assumptions about the future and other sources of estimation uncertainty that management has
made at the end of the reporting period, that could result in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of
assets and liabilities in the event that the actual results differ from assumptions made, relate to, but are not
limited to, the following:
Valuation of mineral properties – The Company carries the acquisition costs of its mineral properties at cost
less any provision for impairment. The Company undertakes a periodic review of the carrying values of
mineral properties and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying values may
exceed their fair value. In undertaking this review, management of the Company is required to make
significant judgments. These judgments are subject to various risks and uncertainties, which may ultimately
have an effect on the expected recoverability of the carrying values of the mineral properties and related
expenditures.
Utilization of tax losses – The Company is subject to income taxes in a number of jurisdictions. At present
all of the entities are creating tax losses. These tax losses are only recognized to the extent that expected
future taxable profits are available.
Stock-based compensation – The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes option
pricing model and are expensed over their vesting periods. In estimating fair value, management of the
Company is required to make certain assumptions and estimates regarding the life of the options, volatility
and forfeiture rates. Changes in the assumptions used could result in materially different results.
Decommissioning and site restoration – The Company has obligations
for site restoration and
decommissioning related to its gold project. The future obligations for decommissioning and site restoration
activities are estimated by the Company using mine closure plans or other similar studies which outline the
requirements that will be carried out to meet the obligations. Because the obligations are dependent on the
laws and regulations of the country in which the project is located, the requirements could change as a result
of amendments in the laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and other legislation
affecting resource companies. As the estimate of obligations is based on future expectations, a number of
assumptions and judgments are made by management in the determination of closure provisions. The
decommissioning and site restoration provisions are more uncertain the further into the future the mine
closure activities are to be carried out.
(d) Segment reporting
The Company’s primary reporting segments are based on the location of operations, being Ecuador and
Canada. The office in Canada provides support to the project with respect to treasury and finance, technical
support, regulatory reporting and corporate administration.
(e) Financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual
provisions of the instrument. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from
the assets have expired or have been transferred and the Company has transferred substantially all risks
and rewards of ownership. Financial liabilities are derecognized when the obligation specified in the
contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.
At initial recognition, the Company has classified its financial instruments in the following categories:
i.
Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that
are not quoted in an active market. The Company’s loan and receivables comprise cash and
receivables and are included in current assets due to their short-term nature. Loans and
receivables are initially recognized at the amount expected to be received, less, when material, a
discount to reduce the loans and receivables to fair value. Subsequently, loans and receivables
are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method less a provision for impairment.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)
ii.
Financial liabilities at amortized cost
Financial liabilities at amortized cost include accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities are initially recognized at the amount required to be paid, less, when
material, a discount to reduce the payables to fair value. Subsequently, accounts payables and
accrued liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. These are
classified as current liabilities if payment is due within twelve months. Otherwise, they are
presented as non-current liabilities.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets are assessed for indicators of impairment at each period end. Financial assets are
impaired when there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the
initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows of the investment have been
impacted.
Objective evidence of impairment could include the following:
significant financial difficulty of the issuer or counterparty;
default or delinquency in interest or principal payments; or
it has become probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganization.
If such evidence exists, the Company recognizes an impairment loss, as follows:
i.
Financial assets carried at amortized cost: The loss is the difference between the amortized cost of
the loan or receivable and the present value of the estimated future cash flows, discounted using
the instrument’s original effective interest rate. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced by this
amount either directly or indirectly through the use of an allowance account.
(f) Cash
Cash includes cash on hand and deposits held with banks.
(g) Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. The
cost of an asset consists of its purchase price, any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its
present working condition and location for its intended use and an initial estimate of the costs of dismantling
and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as
appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the
Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Depreciation of each asset is calculated using the straight line method to allocate its cost less its residual
value over its estimated useful life. The estimated useful lives of plant and equipment are as follows:
Buildings
Machinery and equipment
Vehicles
Furniture and office equipment
20 years
10 years
5 years
3 to 10 years
(h) Exploration and evaluation (“E&E”) expenditures and mineral properties
Exploration and evaluation costs are those costs required to find a mineral property and determine
commercial viability. E&E costs include costs to establish an initial mineral resource and determine whether
inferred mineral resources can be upgraded to measured and indicated mineral resources and whether
measured and indicated mineral resources can be converted to proven and probable reserves.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)
E&E costs consist of, but are not limited to:
gathering exploration data through topographical and geological studies;
exploratory drilling, trenching and sampling;
determining the volume and grade of the resource;
test work on geology, metallurgy, mining, geotechnical and environmental; and
conducting engineering, marketing and financial studies.
Project costs in relation to these activities are expensed as incurred until such time that the project
demonstrates technical feasibility and commercial viability. Upon demonstrating technical feasibility and
commercial viability, and subject to an impairment analysis, costs for the project are capitalized
prospectively as capitalized development costs within mineral properties. Technical feasibility and
commercial viability generally coincides with the establishment of proven and probable mineral reserves.
Costs associated with acquiring a mineral property are capitalized as incurred.
(i)
Impairment of non-financial assets
Assets that are subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised
for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable
amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use.
For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are
separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that suffered impairment are
reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date.
(j) Provisions
Asset retirement obligations
The Company recognizes a liability for an asset retirement obligation on long-lived assets when a present
legal or constructive obligation exists, as a result of past events and the amount of the liability is reasonably
determinable. Asset retirement obligations are initially recognized and recorded as a liability based on
estimated future cash flows discounted at a risk free rate. This is adjusted at each reporting period for
changes to factors including the expected amount of cash flows required to discharge the liability, the timing
of such cash flows and the risk free discount rate. Corresponding amounts and adjustments are added to
the carrying value of the related long-lived asset and amortized or depleted to operations over the life of the
related asset.
(k) Current and deferred income tax
Tax is recognized in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other
comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive
income or directly in equity, respectively.
i.
Current tax
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at
the statement of financial position date in the countries where the Company’s subsidiaries and associates
operate and generate taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns
with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes
provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)
ii.
Deferred tax
Deferred income tax is recognized on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of
assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However,
the deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability
in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither
accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws)
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the statement of financial position date and are
expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income
tax liability is settled.
Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable
profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.
Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries
and associates, except where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by
the Company and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable
future.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to
offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income taxes assets
and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the taxable
entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis.
(l) Share capital
Common shares are classified as equity.
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a
deduction from the proceeds.
(m) Stock-based compensation
The Company has a stock-based compensation plan, under which the entity receives services from
employees and non-employees as consideration for equity instruments (options) of the Company.
Stock options granted to employees are measured on the grant date. Stock options granted to non-
employees are measured on the date that the goods or services are received.
The fair value of the employee and non-employee services received in exchange for the grant of the options
is recognized as an expense. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value
of the options granted and the vesting periods. The total expense is recognized over the vesting period,
which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied.
The cash subscribed for the shares issued when the options are exercised is credited to share capital, net of
any directly attributable transaction costs.
(n) Loss per share
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted
average number of shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted loss per share is computed
similar to basic loss per share except that the weighted average shares outstanding are increased to include
additional shares for the assumed exercise of stock options, if dilutive. The number of additional shares is
calculated by assuming that outstanding stock options were exercised and that the proceeds from such
exercises were used to acquire common stock at the average market price during the reporting periods. For
the years presented, this calculation proved to be anti-dilutive.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)
(o) Comprehensive loss
Comprehensive loss is the change in the Company’s net assets that results from transactions, events and
circumstances from sources other than the Company’s shareholders and includes items that would not
normally be included in net profit such as foreign currency gains or losses related to the net investment in
foreign operations. The Company’s comprehensive loss, components of other comprehensive loss and
cumulative translation adjustments are presented in the statements of loss and comprehensive loss and the
statements of changes in equity.
(p) Pronouncements issued but not yet effective
i.
IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers
The IASB has issued a new standard for the recognition of revenue. This will replace IAS 18 which
covers contracts for goods and services and IAS 11 which covers construction contracts.
The new standard is based on the principle that revenue is recognised when control of a good or
service transfers to a customer.
The standard permits either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach for the
adoption.
IFRS 15 will be effective for financial years commencing on or after January 1, 2018. The
Company does not expect any impact from this new standard as the Company has yet to generate
any revenues.
ii.
IFRS 9, Financial Instruments
IFRS 9 addresses the classification, measurement and derecognition of financial assets and
financial liabilities, introduces new rules for hedge accounting and a new impairment model for
financial assets.
The completed version of IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1,
2018. The Company does not expect any impact from the new classification, measurement and
derecognition rules on the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities.
iii.
IFRS 16, Leases
IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016. It will result in almost all leases being recognised on the
balance sheet, as the distinction between operating and finance leases is removed. Under the new
standard, an asset (the right to use the leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are
recognised. The only exceptions are short-term and low-value leases.
The accounting for lessors will not significantly change.
IFRS 16 will be effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. The Company
does not expect any impact from this new standard as the Company does not currently have any
leases.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
4. Property, plant and equipment
Cost
Land and
buildings
Machinery
and
equipment
Furniture and
office
equipment
Vehicles
Total
Balance, January 1, 2015
$
4,442,000 $
4,094,000 $ 741,000 $
263,258 $ 9,540,258
Additions
Cumulative translation adjustment
-
-
17,748
-
-
-
92,480
(19,410)
110,228
(19,410)
Balance, December 31, 2015
4,442,000
4,111,748
741,000
336,328
9,631,076
Additions
Disposals and other
Cumulative translation adjustment
145,619
(129,441)
-
-
-
-
235,123
-
-
14,004
-
1,866
394,746
(129,441)
1,866
Balance, December 31, 2016
$
4,458,178 $
4,111,748 $ 976,123 $
352,198 $ 9,898,247
Accumulated depreciation
Balance, January 1, 2015
$
3,037 $
18,318 $
5,170 $
2,209 $
28,734
Depletion, amortization and
accretion for the year
Currency translation adjustment
102,300
-
584,831
-
280,365
-
79,406
(1,762)
1,046,902
(1,762)
Balance, December 31, 2015
105,337
603,149
285,535
79,853
1,073,874
Depletion, amortization and
accretion for the year
Cumulative translation adjustment
102,300
-
585,568
-
218,107
-
96,147
313
1,002,122
313
Balance, December 31, 2016
$
207,637 $
1,188,717 $ 503,642 $
176,313 $ 2,076,309
Net book value
As at December 31, 2015
As at December 31, 2016
$
$
4,336,663 $
3,508,599 $ 455,465 $
256,475 $
8,557,202
4,250,541 $
2,923,031 $ 472,481 $
175,885 $
7,821,938
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
5. Mineral properties
Cost
Fruta del Norte
Project
Fruta del Norte
restoration asset
Total
Balance, January 1, 2015
$ 236,337,090 $
536,713 $ 236,873,803
Additions
-
-
-
Balance, December 31, 2015
236,337,090
536,713
236,873,803
Additions
-
-
-
Balance, December 31, 2016
$ 236,337,090 $
536,713 $ 236,873,803
6. Advance royalty
On December 14, 2016, the Company executed the Exploitation Agreement ("EA") for the Fruta del Norte Project
with the Government of Ecuador. The EA, combined with the existing laws and regulations and an Investment
Protection Agreement executed on December 19, 2016, establishes the fiscal terms and conditions for the
development of the Fruta del Norte Project. As required under the EA, an advance royalty payment of $25
million was paid upon signing of the EA. This payment will be followed by two subsequent advance royalty
payments of $20 million on the first and second anniversaries of the execution of the EA.
The advance royalty payments totalling $65 million are deductible against future royalties payable at a rate equal
to the lesser of 50% of the actual future royalties payable in a six-month period or 10% of the total advance
royalty payment.
7. Debenture
On June 8, 2016, the Company secured an $18 million short-term credit facility (the "2016 Facility").
The 2016 Facility was evidenced by a debenture (the "2016 Debenture") which was unsecured and was due on
the earlier of the closing of a financing by the Company or August 31, 2016. No interest was payable in cash
during the term of the 2016 Debenture.
The Company issued an aggregate of 20,000 common shares on June 9, 2016 as consideration for the 2016
Facility in lieu of fees. The Company also issued 19,267 common shares as consideration for amounts drawn
under the 2016 Facility. All securities issued in conjunction with the 2016 Facility were subject to a four-month
hold period under applicable securities law.
All amounts outstanding under the 2016 Facility were repaid in full on July 22, 2016 from the proceeds of an
underwritten equity financing (Note 9).
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
8. Reclamation provisions
The Company’s provisions relates to the rehabilitation of the Fruta del Norte project. The reclamation provisions
have been calculated based on total estimated rehabilitation costs and discounted back to their present values.
The pre-tax discount rates and inflation rates are adjusted annually and reflect current market assessments. At
December 31, 2016, the Company applied a pre-tax discount rate of 14.0% (2015 – 14.0%) and an inflation rate
of 3.7% (2015 – 3.7%). The estimated total liability for reclamation and remediation costs on an undiscounted
basis is approximately $6.9 million.
Balance, beginning of year
$
866,593
$
793,087
Accretion of liability component of obligations
107,238
73,506
$
973,831
$
866,593
December 31,
2016
2015
9. Share capital
(a) Authorized:
Unlimited number of common shares without par value
Unlimited number of preference shares without par value
A continuity summary of the issued and outstanding common shares and the associated dollar amounts is
presented below:
Number of
common shares
Share capital
Balance at January 1, 2015
101,176,268
$
386,315,842
Stock options exercised
Stock options exercised - fair value adjustment
84,000
-
260,082
99,360
Balance at December 31, 2015
101,260,268
386,675,284
Equity financing, net
Stock options exercised
Stock options exercised - fair value adjustment
Share consideration for debenture
(a)
17,250,000
136,000
-
39,267
69,261,119
415,432
225,779
172,434
Balance at December 31, 2016
118,685,535
$
456,750,048
(a) On June 27, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with a syndicate of underwriters (the
"Underwriters"), pursuant to which the Underwriters agreed to purchase, on a bought deal basis, 15,000,000
common shares of the Company at a price of CAD$5.50 per common share, for aggregate gross proceeds
of CAD$82,500,000 (the “Offering”) in two tranches. The Underwriters were granted an over-allotment
option, exercisable in whole or in part, to purchase up to an additional 2,250,000 common shares,
representing 15% of the number of common shares sold under the Offering, also at a price of CAD$5.50 per
share.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
9. Share capital (continued)
The first tranche of the Offering, for 10,000,000 common shares, closed on July 19, 2016. The second
tranche of the offering for 5,000,000 common shares, closed on August 9, 2016. In addition, the
Underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased 2,250,000 additional common shares.
The total gross proceeds raised under the Offering was CAD$94,875,000 ($72.6 million). Share issue costs
of $3.3 million were paid resulting in net proceeds of $69.3 million received by the Company in relation to the
Offering.
10. Stock options
The Company has a rolling stock-based compensation plan (the "Plan") allowing for the reservation of a
maximum 10% of the common shares issued and outstanding at any given time for issuance under the Plan.
Under the Plan, all stock options are granted at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors. The term of
any option granted may not exceed ten years and the exercise price may not be less than the market price of the
Company’s common shares at the time of grant.
Stock options have an expiry date of five years from date of grant and vest over a period of 24 months from date
of grant.
A continuity summary of the stock options granted and outstanding under the Plan is presented below:
Year Ended
December 31, 2016
Year Ended
December 31, 2015
Number of
Common Shares
Weighted
exercise price
average
(CAD)
Number of
Common Shares
Weighted
exercise price
average
(CAD)
Balance, beginning of year
2,122,500
$
Granted
Cancelled / Expired
Exercised(1)
2,092,000
(244,000)
(136,000)
3.91
4.43
4.08
4.03
757,000
$
1,880,500
(431,000)
(84,000)
Balance outstanding, end of year
3,834,500
Balance exercisable, end of year
1,528,650
$
$
4.18
2,122,500
3.95
808,500
$
$
3.81
3.95
3.89
3.94
3.91
3.83
(1) The weighted average share price on the exercise date for the stock options exercised during the year ended
December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were CAD$5.61 and CAD$3.92, respectively.
The following table summarizes information concerning outstanding and exercisable options at December 31,
2016:
Outstanding options
Exercisable options
Range of
exercise
prices
(CAD)
Number of
options
outstanding
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
life (years)
Weighted
average
exercise
price
(CAD)
Number of
options
outstanding
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
life (life)
Weighted
average
exercise
price (CAD)
$ 3.69 to 4.00
$ 4.01 to 5.84
1,922,500
1,912,000
2.99 $
4.24
3.90
4.46
1,201,250
327,400
2.87 $
4.17
3,834,500
3.61 $
4.18
1,528,650
3.15 $
3.87
4.24
3.95
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
10. Stock options (continued)
The fair value based method of accounting was applied to stock options granted to employees, including
directors, and non-employees on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the
following weighted-average assumptions:
Risk-free interest rate
Expected stock price volatility
Expected life
Expected dividend yield
2016
2015
0.54%
60.85%
5 years
-
0.60%
64.83%
5 years
-
Weighted-average fair value per option granted (CAD)
$2.25
$2.10
The equity-settled share-based payment reserve comprises the fair value of employee options measured at grant
date and amortized over the period during which the employees become unconditionally entitled to the options.
During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of
$2,635,320 (2015 – $2,105,370) of which $2,207,775 (2015 – $1,693,658) has been allocated to general and
administration expenses; $206,119 (2015 – $290,326) to project evaluation expenses; and $221,426 (2015 –
$121,386) to exploration expenses.
11. Project evaluation
Camp costs
Community relations
Conceptual studies
Depreciation and accretion expense
Drilling and other operating expenses
Earthworks
Engineering
Environmental costs
Office and general
Salaries and benefits
Property taxes
$
December 31,
2016
2015
3,058,169
2,390,441
8,675,783
1,083,495
1,706,713
1,302,822
3,315,778
6,033,864
2,474,969
4,437,291
2,427,226
$
2,817,670
1,613,449
14,953,499
1,097,247
4,553,998
-
-
3,429,114
1,659,324
3,752,647
2,267,910
$ 36,906,551
$ 36,144,858
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
12. Other expense (income)
Note
2016
2015
December 31,
Gain on foreign exchange
Statutory contribution to Ecuador earthquake relief
Settlement of claims and arbitration proceeding
Other
(a)
(b)
$
(812,246)
3,917,144
2,800,000
281,508
$
(5,192,420)
-
-
-
$
6,186,406
$
(5,192,420)
(a)
In response to an earthquake in the provinces of Manabí and Esmeraldas in Ecuador on April 16, 2016, the
Government of Ecuador passed a law requiring companies to provide a monetary levy for earthquake relief
efforts. This mandatory one-time levy was based on 0.9% of the book value of the equity interest held in
Ecuadorian entities by non-resident entities and is not deductible for income tax purposes.
(b)
In December 2016, the Company incurred $2.8 million to settle a legal dispute against the Company relating
to a net smelter royalty on a Russian gold project previously held by the Company.
13. Related party transactions
(a) Related party expenses
During the years ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company incurred the following:
Payee
Nature
Namdo
BMAJ
Lundin S.A.
Management fees
Legal fees
Office and administration
Note
i
ii
iii
December 31,
2016
December 31,
2015
$
324,577 $
97,566
116,244
293,267
107,321
-
i.
ii.
iii.
Namdo Management Services Ltd. (“Namdo”), a company associated with an officer of the Company,
provides services and office facilities to the Company pursuant to an agreement.
Bofill Mir & Alvarez Jana Abogados (“BMAJ”), a law firm of which a director of the Company is a
partner, assists the Company in negotiations with the Government of Ecuador.
Lundin S.A., a company associated with a director of the Company, provides administrative and office
facilities to the Company pursuant to an agreement.
(b) Key management compensation
Key management includes executive officers of the Company. The compensation paid or payable to key
management for employee services is shown below.
Salaries and benefits
Stock-based compensation
December 31,
2016
December 31,
2015
$
$
3,140,714 $
2,291,955
1,792,334
1,817,025
5,432,669 $
3,609,359
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
14.
Income taxes
Income tax expense differs from the amount that would result from applying the Canadian and federal and
provincial income tax rates to earnings before income taxes. These differences result from the following items:
December 31,
2016
2015
Loss before income taxes
$
(62,813,819)
$
(45,323,862)
Canadian federal and provincial income tax rates
26.00%
26.00%
Income tax expense based on the above rates
(16,331,593)
(11,784,204)
Increase (decrease) due to:
Differences in foreign tax rates
Non-deductible costs
Losses and temporary differences for which an income tax asset has
not been recognized
Non-taxable portion of capital gains
Benefits of losses and temporary differences not previously
recognized
Income tax expense
1,914,579
2,060,243
12,459,963
(103,192)
1,571,860
1,959,130
8,929,099
(675,885)
-
-
$
-
-
$
Deductible temporary differences for which deferred taxes have not been recognized:
Non-capital losses - Canada
Net-capital losses - Canada
Non-capital losses - Cyprus
Mineral properties
Share issuance costs
Donations
Liabilities
Other
15. Segmented information
December 31,
2016
2015
$ 21,884,554
11,362,877
-
84,202,732
4,272,238
-
1,235,519
198,506
$ 12,431,854
11,805,687
154,094
38,754,750
2,436,551
108,382
1,162,868
192,582
$ 123,156,426
$ 67,046,768
The Company’s primary business activity is the advancement of the Fruta del Norte gold project in Ecuador.
During the years ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, all project evaluation and exploration
expenses were incurred in Ecuador. In addition, materially all of the non-current assets of the Company are
located in Ecuador.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
16. Financial instruments and risk management
a) Measurement categories and fair values
As explained in Note 3, financial assets and liabilities have been classified into categories that determine
their basis of measurement and, for items measured at fair value, whether changes in fair value are
recognized in the consolidated statements of loss or consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and receivables, which are categorized as loans and
receivables, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities, which are categorized as amortized cost. The fair
value of these financial instruments other than cash approximates their carrying values due to the short-term
nature of these instruments.
b) Fair value hierarchy
The following table classifies financial assets and liabilities that are recognized on the statement of financial
position in a hierarchy that is based on the significance of the inputs used in making the measurements.
The levels in the hierarchy are:
Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability,
either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices)
Level 3 - Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable
inputs).
At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company had no financial assets or liabilities recognized at fair value.
c) Financial risk management
The Company’s financial instruments are exposed to a variety of financial risks by virtue of its activities
including currency, credit, interest rate and liquidity risk.
Currency risk
The Company’s parent is Canadian and its capital is raised in Canadian dollars, with foreign operations in
Ecuador. Expenditures in Ecuador are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. As such, the Company is
subject to risk due to fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currencies. Although the Company does
not enter into derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure, the Company tries to manage this risk
by maintaining most of its cash in U.S. dollars.
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of a financial loss to the Company if a counterparty to a financial instrument fails to
meet its contractual obligations. The majority of the Company’s cash is held in a large Canadian financial
institution with a high investment grade rating. The Company does not have any asset-backed commercial
paper. The Company’s receivables are made up of interest recoverable from large Canadian financial
institutions.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate
because of changes in market interest rates. There is a very limited interest rate risk as the Company holds
no interest bearing financial obligations or assets.
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
16. Financial instruments and risk management (continued)
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its obligations as they become due. Cash
flow forecasting is performed regularly which monitors the Company’s liquidity requirements to ensure it has
sufficient cash to meet its operational needs at all times. In addition, management is actively involved in the
review, planning and approval of significant expenditures and commitments. Management is currently
engaged in advanced discussions with a number of parties, including financial institutions, strategic and
other potential investors, which would allow for longer term financial solutions to be put in place (Note 1).
17. Capital risk management
The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going
concern in order to pursue the development of its mineral properties and to maintain a flexible capital structure
which optimizes the cost of capital at an acceptable risk.
In the management of capital, the Company considers items included in equity attributable to shareholders to be
capital.
The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic
conditions and the risk characteristics of the Company’s assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital
structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares or debt instruments, acquire or dispose of assets, or to
bring in joint venture partners.
In order to facilitate the management of its capital requirements, the Company prepares annual expenditures
budgets that are updated as necessary depending on various factors, including successful capital deployment
and general industry conditions. The annual and updated budgets are approved by the Board of Directors.
18. Commitments
The Company has committed to payments under various leases and other commitments. Excluding spending
amounts which may be required to maintain the Company’s mineral properties in good standing, the future
minimum payments are as follows:
2017
2018
Total
Advance royalty
(Note 6)
Other
Total
$
$
20,000,000 $
20,000,000
7,236,910
-
$
27,236,910
20,000,000
40,000,000 $
7,236,910
$
47,236,910
LUNDIN GOLD INC.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2016
(Expressed in U.S. Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
19. Subsequent events
On January 16, 2017, the Company secured a $35 million short-term credit facility (the “2017 Facility).
The 2017 Facility is evidenced by a debenture (the “2017 Debenture”) which is unsecured and is due on the
earlier of the closing of a financing by the Company or May 31, 2017 (the "Maturity Date"). No interest is payable
in cash during the term of the 2017 Debenture. Any amount of the 2017 Facility remaining unpaid and
outstanding on or after the Maturity Date shall bear interest at a rate of 5.00% per annum until repaid in full.
The Company issued an aggregate of 60,000 common shares on January 16, 2017 as consideration for the
2017 Facility in lieu of fees. The Company is required to also issue an additional 1,700 common shares per
month for each $1 million of the 2017 Facility drawn down and outstanding until the Maturity Date. All securities
issued in conjunction with the 2017 Facility will be subject to a four-month hold period under applicable securities
law.
Corporate Information
OFFICES
CORPORATE HEAD OFFICE
Lundin Gold Inc.
885 West Georgia Street, Suite 2000
Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3E8
Telephone: 604-689-7842
Toll Free: 1-888-689-7842
Facsimile: 604-689-4250
REGIONAL HEAD OFFICE
Aurelian Ecuador S.A.,
a subsidiary of Lundin Gold Inc.
Av. Amazonas N37-29 y UNP Edificio
Eurocenter, Piso 5
Quito, Ecuador
Telephone: 593-2-299-6400
FIELD OFFICE
Calle 01 de Mayo
SN y de Febiero
Los Encuentros, Zamora Ecuador
STOCK EXCHANGE
LISTINGS
The Toronto Stock Exchange
Trading Symbol: LUG
Nasdaq Stockholm
Trading Symbol: LUG
SHARE REGISTRAR AND
TRANSFER AGENT
Computershare Investor Services Inc.
510 Burrard Street, 3rd Floor
Vancouver, B.C. V6C 3B9 Telephone:
1-800-564-6253
AUDITOR
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
250 Howe St #700 Vancouver,
BC V6C 3S7 Telephone: 604-
806-7000
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Further information about Lundin
Gold is available by contacting
Investor Relations at the head office
listed above or by email to:
info@lundingold.com
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
James Cambon
British Columbia, Canada
Carmel Daniele
London, United Kingdom
Ian Gibbs
British Columbia, Canada
Ashley Heppenstall
Hong Kong, China
Ron F. Hochstein
British Columbia, Canada
Lukas H. Lundin
Vaud, Switzerland
Paul McRae
Algarve, Portugal
Pablo Mir
Santiago, Chile
OFFICERS
Lukas H. Lundin
Chairman
Ron F. Hochstein
President & Chief Executive Officer
Alessandro Bitelli
Executive Vice President &
Chief Financial Officer
Sheila Colman
Vice President, Legal
& Corporate Secretary
David Dicaire
Vice President, Projects
Nathan Monash
Vice President, Business
Sustainability
Iliana Rodriguez
Vice President, Human Resources
Chester See
Vice President, Finance
Nick Teasdale
Vice President, Exploration