Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Auto - Parts / Martinrea International

Martinrea International

mre · TSX Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker mre
Exchange TSX
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Auto - Parts
Employees 10,000+
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FY2017 Annual Report · Martinrea International
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MMAARRTTIINNRREEAA  IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL  IINNCC..  

REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MESSAGE TO SHAREHOLDERS 

2017 was an outstanding year for Martinrea and our people.  It was a year in which we continued to drive 
our culture throughout the organization, as we focused on our vision, delivered on our mission and applied 
our Ten Guiding Principles.  We continued to instill our lean thinking way into our operations, and our 
entrepreneurial can do attitude was evident in our locations.  And, side by side with driving our culture, we 
saw a record year in financial performance, as earnings, earnings per share, and cash flow all improved to 
all time highs.  Just as importantly, the promises we made at the end of 2014, that we would see a 50% 
improvement in operating margin by the end of 2017, and that we would see a significantly strengthened 
balance  sheet  with  a  net  debt:adjusted  ebitda  ratio  of  1.5:1  by  the  end  of  2017,  were  met.   We  made 
commitments to you, and we met them, on time and as promised.   

Let’s outline key operational and financial highlights of 2017, as discussed in detail in this annual report: 

  Revenues of $3.69 billion, down somewhat from 2016, as we saw a change in certain customer 

contracts, moving to a value added model from a pass through model 

  We achieved record earnings performance, with adjusted net earnings of approximately $166 
million, up 27.2% from 2016, or fully diluted adjusted net earnings per share of $1.91, the best 
performance in our history, and our eighth consecutive year of increased adjusted earnings  

  Our adjusted operating income margin increased to 6.4% for the year, up from 5% last year, 
4.6% in 2015 and 4.1% in 2014, as we more than met our publicly announced target of 6% by 
the end of 2017 

  We achieved record adjusted EBITDA performance in 2017 of approximately $401 million, up 

from approximately $350 million in 2016, representing a 14.6% increase 

  Our net debt:adjusted EBITDA ratio ended the year at 1.45:1, compared to 1.89:1 at the end of 
2016,  2.17:1  at  the  end  of  2015  and  2.37:1  at  the  end  of  2014,  as  we  met  our  targeted  net 
debt:adjusted EBITDA ratio of 1.5:1 by the end of 2017 

  We continued to advance our quality, and received multiple customer quality awards, including 
top supplier awards from Nissan, Ford, GM, JLR and FCA.  We also have received supplier 
diversity awards as we work with a  culturally diverse supply base 

  We launched many new programs in 2017, successfully 

  Company wide safety performance continued to improve; already we were better than industry 
averages, but we will not settle for average.  We strive towards our goal of being the industry 
leader in safety. 

These financial metrics were achieved in an industry where volumes were flattish across our markets, on 
average.  Overall, we continue to remain bullish about the state of our industry and our position in it.  The 
automotive industry is a wonderful place to be, at the leading edge of many technologies, ranging from 
electrification initiatives to driverless and many others.  Our core product offerings remain essential to our 
markets, as every vehicle, regardless of how it is propelled or who is at the wheel, requires safe and strong 
structures,  as  well  as  a  power  plant,  that  are  lightweight.   We  are  at  the  forefront  of  the  trend  to 
lightweighting of vehicles, in order to improve fuel economy or reduce carbon footprint.  Electric vehicles 
give us great opportunities in a variety of new products, such as battery housings and electric motors.  Our 
fluid management products will be core products on vehicles for a very long time, as we remain a leading 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
edge provider of environmentally friendly fluid systems, including thermal management, with some great 
products such as capless filler systems and battery cooling systems for electric vehicles. 

At Martinrea, we are spending a lot of time on culture.  Because culture matters.  It drives operational and 
financial performance over time.  We believe that the improvements in our financial metrics go hand in 
hand with driving our culture as expressed in our vision, mission and Ten Guiding Principles.  People don’t 
come to work just to hit a margin percentage, or make a part, or fix a machine, or to get a paycheque.  In 
most cases at least.  People need to believe in something bigger than their job.  They want to make people’s 
lives better, and that is more true of today’s workforce than ever before.  People come to work, and perform 
well, when they are treated with dignity and respect, when they can see that they are part of a team, when 
they are provided with a safe work environment both physically and psychologically, and when they can 
see how they help make people’s lives better.  Study after study shows that commitment firms that operate 
this way outperform over time.  They tend to have higher profitability ratios, tend to be leaner, tend to have 
fewer middle managers, tend to have engaged employees, tend to have less employee turnover, tend to have 
more employee satisfaction, and tend to “own” their work.   

We are seeing the results of our focus on corporate culture in our improving performance.  We remember 
that  Martinrea  was  built  in  part  through  acquisitions  of  distressed  assets,  where  more  than  operating 
performance was weak; where morale and culture also needed some improvement.  Our One Martinrea 
culture and focus is driving results, and we believe will drive performance that our people have not yet 
seen. 

Looking  forward  to  2018  we  anticipate  another  record  year  of  financial  performance.   We  anticipate 
continuing  margin  improvement  in  2018  and  the  years  beyond.    We  will  continue  to  drive  quality, 
entrepreneurship, lean thinking and safety.  And yes we will continue to embrace our culture of making 
people’s lives better, by being the best supplier of products and services we can be, fulfilling our mission 
and driving a principles based company, built to last and thrive.  You can count on that.   

We are blessed with great stakeholders, and we thank all for their continuing support.  Our strength is in 
our people and we thank our employees. We thank our customers for their strong support.  Our lenders and 
shareholders have been very supportive and we thank you.  And we continue to be privileged by having our 
operations  in  great  communities,  who  contribute  to  our  success  and  where  we  work  hard  to  improve 
people’s lives.   

At Martinrea, we are writing a great book, we believe, and 2017 was a really good chapter.  We look forward 
to the next one, which we are currently writing for you, as we continue to form our future. 

(Signed) “Rob Wildeboer” 

(Signed) “Pat D’Eramo” 

Rob Wildeboer   
Executive Chairman 

Pat D’Eramo 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

OF OPERATING RESULTS AND FINANCIAL POSITION 

For the Year ended December 31, 2017 

The  following  management  discussion  and  analysis  (“MD&A”)  was  prepared  as  of  March  1,  2018  and  should  be  read  in  conjunction 
with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 together with the notes thereto.  
All  amounts  in  this  MD&A  are  in  Canadian  dollars,  unless  otherwise  stated;  and  all  tabular  amounts  are  in  thousands  of  Canadian 
dollars, except earnings per share and number of shares.  Additional information about the Company, including the Company’s Annual 
Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2017, can be found at www.sedar.com. 

OVERVIEW 

Martinrea International Inc. (TSX:MRE) (“Martinrea” or the “Company”) is a leader in the development and production of quality metal 
parts,  assemblies  and  modules,  fluid  management  systems  and  complex  aluminum  products  focused  primarily  on  the  automotive 
sector.  Martinrea currently employs approximately 15,000 skilled and motivated people in 44 operating divisions in Canada, the United 
States, Mexico, Brazil, Germany, Slovakia, Spain and China.   

Martinrea’s vision for the future is to be the best, preferred and most valued automotive parts supplier in the world in the products and 
services we provide our customers.  The Company’s mission is to deliver: outstanding quality products and services to our customers; 
meaningful opportunity, job satisfaction and job security to our people through competitiveness and prudent growth; superior long term 
investment returns to our stakeholders; and positive contributions to our communities as good corporate citizens. 

Results of operations may include certain unusual and other items which have been separately disclosed, where appropriate, in order 
to  provide  a  clear  assessment  of  the  underlying  Company  results.    In  addition  to  IFRS  measures,  management  uses  non-IFRS 
measures in the Company’s disclosures that it believes provide the most appropriate basis on which to evaluate the Company’s results.  

OVERALL RESULTS 

The following tables set out certain highlights of the Company’s performance for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.  Refer 
to  the  Company’s  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  for  a  detailed  account  of  the 
Company’s performance for the periods presented in the table below. 

Sales 
Gross Margin 
Operating Income 
Net Income for the period 
Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the 
Company 
Net Earnings per Share – Basic and Diluted 
Non-IFRS Measures* 
Adjusted Operating Income 
% of Sales 
Adjusted EBITDA 
% of Sales 
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of 
the Company 
Adjusted Net Earnings per Share – Basic 
Adjusted Net Earnings per Share – Diluted 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$  
$  

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

3,690,499  $ 
484,601    
246,624    
159,266    

159,543  $  
1.84  $  

236,807 $ 
6.4%  
401,493  
10.9%  

165,519  

1.91  $  
1.91  $  

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
3,968,407 
432,050 
159,444 
91,961 

$ Change  % Change 
(7.0%) 
(277,908) 
12.2% 
52,551 
54.7% 
87,180 
73.2% 
67,305 

92,380 
1.07 

67,163 
0.77 

72.7% 
72.0% 

197,707 
5.0%  
350,357 
8.8%  

130,085 
1.51 
1.50 

39,100 

19.8% 

51,136 

14.6% 

35,434 
0.40 
0.41 

27.2% 
26.5% 
27.3% 

Page 1 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table sets out a detailed account of the Company’s performance for the fourth quarters of 2017 and 2016 (unaudited).  

Three months 
ended December 
31, 2017 

Three months 
ended December 
31, 2016 

Sales 
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation) 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (production) 
Gross Margin 
Research and development costs 
Selling, general and administrative  
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (non-production) 
Amortization of customer contracts and relationships 
Impairment of assets 
Gain on sale of land and building 
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Operating Income 
Finance expense 
Other finance income 
Income before taxes 
Income tax expense  
Net Income for the period 
Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the Company  
Net Earnings per Share - Basic and Diluted 
Non-IFRS Measures* 
Adjusted Operating Income 
% of sales 
Adjusted EBITDA 
% of sales 
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the 
Company  
Adjusted Net Earnings per Share - Basic and Diluted 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

*Non-IFRS Measures 

878,642  $ 
(716,927)  
(37,673)  
124,042 
(6,600)  
(52,531)  
(2,596)  
(530)  
(7,488)  
13,374   
(144)  
67,527  $ 
(5,735)  
2,681   
64,473  $ 
(32,107)  
32,366   
32,366  $ 
0.37  $ 

61,641  $ 
7.0%  
105,830   
12.0%  

43,179   

0.50  $ 

$ Change  % Change 
(11.3%) 
(15.9%) 
12.9% 
18.9% 
(8.8%) 
9.5% 
15.0% 
(11.2%) 
- 
- 
(46.9%) 
46.9% 
(5.7%) 
305.6% 
59.0% 
223.6% 
5.7% 
5.2% 
2.8% 

(111,765) 
135,805 
(4,310) 
19,730 
639 
(4,560) 
(338) 
67 
(7,488) 
13,374 
127 
21,551 
349 
2,020 
23,920 
(22,184) 
1,736 
1,613 
0.01 

15,665 

34.1% 

19,758 

23.0% 

990,407 
(852,732) 
(33,363) 
104,312 
(7,239) 
(47,971) 
(2,258) 
(597) 
- 
- 
(271) 
45,976 
(6,084) 
661 
40,553 
(9,923) 
30,630 
30,753 
0.36 

45,976 
4.6%  
86,072 
8.7%  

30,753 
0.36 

12,426 
0.14 

40.4% 
38.9% 

The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  However, the 
Company considers certain non-IFRS financial measures as useful additional information in measuring the financial performance and 
condition of the Company.  These measures, which the Company believes are widely used by investors, securities analysts and other 
interested  parties  in  evaluating  the  Company’s  performance,  do  not  have  a  standardized  meaning  prescribed  by  IFRS  and  therefore 
may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other publicly traded companies, nor should they be construed as an 
alternative to financial measures determined in accordance with IFRS.  Non-IFRS measures include “Adjusted Net Income”, “Adjusted 
Net Earnings per Share (on a basic and diluted basis)”, “Adjusted Operating Income” and "Adjusted EBITDA”.   

The following tables provide a reconciliation of IFRS “Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the Company” to Non-IFRS “Adjusted 
Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the Company”, “Adjusted Operating Income” and “Adjusted EBITDA”: 

Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of  the Company 
Unusual and Other Items (after-tax)* 
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the Company 

$ 

$ 

32,366  $ 
10,813    
43,179  $ 

30,753 
- 
30,753 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 

Page 2 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of  the Company 
Non-controlling interest 
Income tax expense 
Other finance income – excluding Unusual and Other Items* 
Finance expense 
Unusual and Other Items (before-tax)* 
Adjusted Operating Income 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Amortization of intangible assets 
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Adjusted EBITDA 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 

$ 

$ 

$ 

32,366  $ 

-   
32,107    
(359)  
5,735   
(8,208)  
61,641  $  

40,269   
3,776   
144   

105,830  $ 

30,753 
(123) 
9,923 
(661) 
6,084 
- 
45,976 

35,621 
4,204 
271 
86,072 

*Unusual and other items are explained in the "Adjustments to Net Income" section of this MD&A 

Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of  the Company 
Unusual and Other Items (after-tax)* 
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the Company 

Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of  the Company 
Non-controlling interest 
Income tax expense 
Other finance expense (income) – excluding Unusual and Other Items* 
Finance expense 
Unusual and Other Items (before-tax)* 
Adjusted Operating Income 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Amortization of intangible assets 
Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Adjusted EBITDA 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 

159,543  $ 
5,976    
165,519  $ 

92,380 
37,705 
130,085 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 

159,543  $ 
(277)  
69,970    
(1,442)  
22,527   
(13,514)  
236,807  $  

149,670   
15,399   
(383)  
401,493  $ 

92,380 
(419) 
41,378 
1,909 
24,196 
38,263 
197,707 

136,344 
15,959 
347 
350,357 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

*Unusual and other items are explained in the "Adjustments to Net Income" section of this MD&A 

The  year-over-year  changes  in  significant  accounts  and  financial  highlights  are  discussed  in  detail  in  the  sections  below.  Certain 
comparative  information  has  been  reclassified  where  relevant  to  conform  to  the  current  financial  statement  presentation  adopted  in 
2017.  

SALES 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

North America 
Europe 
Rest of the World 
Eliminations 
Total Sales 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 

$ 

$ 

674,852  $ 
163,949   
41,904   
(2,063)  
878,642  $ 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 
805,487 
150,983 
38,165 
(4,228) 
990,407 

$ Change 
(130,635) 
12,966 
3,739 
2,165 
(111,765) 

% Change 
(16.2%) 
8.6% 
9.8% 
(51.2%) 
(11.3%) 

The Company’s consolidated sales for the fourth quarter of 2017 decreased by $111.8 million or 11.3% to $878.6 million as compared 
to  $990.4  million  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016.  The  decrease  in  sales  was  driven  by  a  decrease  in  the  North  America  operating 
segment, partially offset by year-over-year increases in sales in Europe and the Rest of the World.  

Page 3 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Sales  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017  in  the  Company’s  North  America  operating  segment  decreased  by  $130.6  million  or  16.2%  to 
$674.9 million from $805.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2016. The decrease  was due to a $48.8 million decrease in tooling sales, 
which  are  typically  dependent  on  the  timing  of  tooling  construction  and  final  acceptance  by  the  customer;  the  impact  of  foreign 
exchange on the translation of U.S. denominated production sales, which had a negative impact on overall sales for the fourth quarter 
of 2017 of approximately $31.2 million as compared to the fourth quarter of 2016; and lower year-over-year OEM production volumes 
on certain light-vehicle platforms including the Ford Fusion, Chevrolet Malibu, and other platforms late in their life cycle, and programs 
that  ended  production  during  or  subsequent  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016  such  as  the  previous  version  of  the  GM  Equinox/Terrain.  
These negative factors were partially offset by higher year-over-year OEM production volumes on certain light-vehicle platforms such 
as the Ford Escape and FCA’s Pentastar engine block program; and the launch of new programs during or subsequent to the fourth 
quarter  of  2016  including  the  GM  Bolt  and  next  generation  GM  Equinox/Terrain,  fourth  quarter  production  volumes  of  which  were 
impacted by an employee strike at GM’s assembly plant in Ingersoll, Ontario. 

Sales for the fourth quarter of 2017 in the Company’s Europe operating segment increased by $13.0 million or 8.6% to $164.0 million 
from  $151.0  million  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016.  The  increase  can  be  attributed  to  a  $6.4  million  increase  in  tooling  sales,  a  $2.5 
million positive foreign exchange impact from the translation of Euro denominated production sales as compared to the fourth quarter of 
2016,  and  higher  overall  production  volumes  in  the  Company’s  Martinrea  Honsel  German  operations  including  the  ramp  up  of  new 
structural components work and the new V8 AMG engine block for Daimler. 

Sales for the fourth quarter of 2017 in the Company’s Rest of the World operating segment increased by $3.7 million or 9.8% to $41.9 
million from $38.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. The increase was due to a $4.0 million increase in tooling sales and higher year-
over  year  production  sales  in  the  Company’s  operating  facility  in  Brazil;  partially  offset  by  a  $1.1  million  negative  foreign  exchange 
impact from the translation of foreign denominated production sales as compared to the fourth quarter of 2016, and lower year-over-
year OEM production volumes on the Ford Mondeo/Taurus platforms in China.  

Overall tooling sales decreased by $38.4 million to $68.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2017 from $107.2 million for the fourth quarter 
of 2016.  

Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

North America 
Europe 
Rest of the World 
Eliminations 
Total Sales 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

2,913,786  $ 
657,029   
132,067   
(12,383)  
3,690,499  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
3,222,660 
636,082 
122,989 
(13,324) 
3,968,407 

$ 

$ 

$ Change 
(308,874) 
20,947 
9,078 
941 
(277,908) 

% Change 
(9.6%) 
3.3% 
7.4% 
(7.1%) 
(7.0%) 

The Company’s consolidated sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 decreased by $277.9 million or 7.0% to $3,690.5 million as 
compared  to  $3,968.4  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016.  The  total  decrease  in  sales  was  driven  by  a  decrease  in  the 
Company’s North America operating segment, partially offset by year-over-year increases in sales in Europe and the Rest of the World. 

Sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 in the Company’s North America operating segment decreased by $308.9 million or 9.6% 
to  $2,913.8  million  from  $3,222.7  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016.    The  decrease  was  due  to  the  impact  of  foreign 
exchange on the translation  of U.S. denominated production sales,  which had  a  negative impact on  overall sales for the  year  ended 
December 31, 2017 of approximately $47.7 million as compared to the comparative period of 2016; a $44.9 million decrease in tooling 
sales;  and  lower  year-over-year  OEM  production  volumes  on  certain  light-vehicle  platforms  including  the  Chrysler  200,  customer 
production of which ended at the end of 2016, Ford Fusion, Chevrolet Malibu, and other platforms late in their product life cycle, and 
programs that ended production during or subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2016 such as the previous version of the GM 
Equinox/Terrain.  These negative factors were partially offset by a year-over-year increase in production volumes on FCA’s Pentastar 
engine  block  program  which  was  down  during  the  first  quarter  of  2016  for  re-tooling;  higher  year-over-year  volumes  on  certain  light 
vehicle platforms such as the Ford Escape, GM Pick-up truck/SUV platform and other GM programs previously impacted by unplanned 
OEM  shutdowns  during  the  second  quarter  of  2016  because  of  an  earthquake  in  Japan  which  disrupted  the  supply  chain;  and  the 
launch of new programs during or subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2016 including the GM Bolt and next generation GM 
Equinox/Terrain, 2017 production volumes of which were impacted by an employee strike at GM’s assembly plant in Ingersoll, Ontario 
that lasted four weeks. 

Page 4 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Sales  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  in  the  Company’s  Europe  operating  segment  increased  by  $20.9  million  or  3.3%  to 
$657.0 million from $636.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase can be attributed to higher production volumes 
in the Company’s Martinrea Honsel German operations including the ramp up of new structural components work and the new V8 AMG 
engine  block  for  Daimler,  and  an  $8.0  million  increase  in  tooling  sales;  partially  offset  by  the  impact  of  foreign  exchange  on  the 
translation of Euro denominated production sales, which had a negative impact on overall sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 
of approximately $6.3 million as compared to the comparative period of 2016. 

Sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 in the Company’s Rest of the World operating segment increased by $9.1 million or 7.4% 
to $132.1 million from $123.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase was mainly due to a year-over-year increase 
in  production  sales  in  the  Company’s  operating  facility  in  Brazil  and  higher  year-over-year  production  sales  in  China  related  to  GM’s 
CT6 vehicle  platform; partially  offset by  a  $5.1 million  decrease in tooling sales  and  a  $0.6 million negative foreign  exchange impact 
from the translation of foreign denominated production sales as compared to the year ended December 31, 2016. 

Overall tooling sales decreased by $42.0 million to $210.9 million for the  year ended December 31, 2017 from $252.9 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2016. 

GROSS MARGIN 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Gross margin 
% of Sales 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 
124,042 
14.1% 

$ 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 
104,312 
10.5% 

$ 

$ Change 
19,730 

% Change 
18.9% 

The gross margin percentage for the fourth quarter of 2017 of 14.1% increased as a percentage of sales by 3.6% as compared to the 
gross margin percentage for the fourth quarter of 2016 of 10.5%.  The increase in gross margin as a percentage of sales was generally 
due to:  

 
 

 

productivity and efficiency improvements at certain operating facilities;  
general sales mix including new and replacement programs that launched, and old programs that ended production, during or 
subsequent to the fourth quarter of 2016; and 
a decrease in tooling sales which typically earn low margins for the Company. 

These positive factors were partially offset by operational inefficiencies and other costs at certain other facilities including upfront costs 
incurred in preparation of upcoming new programs and related to new business in the process of being launched.  

Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Gross margin 
% of Sales 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 
484,601 
13.1% 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
432,050 
10.9% 

$ 

$ Change 
52,551 

% Change 
12.2% 

The  gross  margin  percentage  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  of  13.1%  increased  as  a  percentage  of  sales  by  2.2%  as 
compared  to  the  gross  margin  percentage  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  of  10.9%.    The  increase  in  gross  margin  as  a 
percentage of sales was generally due to: 

 
 

 

productivity and efficiency improvements at certain operating facilities;  
general sales mix including new and replacement programs that launched, and old programs that ended production, during or 
subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2016; and 
a decrease in tooling sales which typically earn low margins for the Company.  

These positive factors were partially offset by operational inefficiencies and other costs at certain other facilities including upfront costs 
incurred in preparation of upcoming new programs and related to new business in the process of being launched. 

Page 5 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SELLING, GENERAL & ADMINISTRATIVE ("SG&A") 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Selling, general & administrative 
% of Sales 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 
52,531 
6.0% 

$ 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 
47,971 
4.8% 

$ 

$ Change 
4,560 

% Change 
9.5% 

SG&A  expense  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017  increased  by  $4.6  million  to  $52.5  million  as  compared  to  $48.0  million  for  the  fourth 
quarter of 2016. The increase can be attributed to increased costs incurred at new and/or expanded facilities launching and ramping up 
new work; a general increase in employment and other costs to support the evolution of the business and operating margin expansion 
initiatives;  and  higher  year-over-year  incentive  compensation  based  on  the  performance  of  the  business.  SG&A  expenses  are  being 
monitored and managed on a continuous basis in order to optimize costs.  

Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Selling, general & administrative 
% of Sales 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 
211,533 
5.7% 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
198,109 
5.0% 

$ 

$ Change 
13,424 

% Change 
6.8% 

SG&A expense, before adjustments, for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased by $13.4 million to $211.5 million as compared 
to $198.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Excluding the unusual and other items recorded in SG&A expense incurred 
during the  year ended  December 31, 2017 as explained in Table B under “Adjustments to Net Income”, SG&A expense for the  year 
ended  December  31,  2017  increased  by  $11.7  million  to  $209.8  million  from  $198.1  million  for  the  comparative  period  of  2016.  The 
increase can be attributed to approximately $5.0 million in litigation costs related to certain employee related matters in the Company’s 
operating facility in Brazil; increased costs incurred at new and/or expanded facilities launching and ramping up new  work; a general 
increase in employment and other costs to support the evolution of the business and operating margin expansion initiatives; and higher 
year-over-year incentive compensation based on the performance of the business.  

DEPRECIATION OF PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT ("PP&E") AND AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Depreciation of PP&E (production) 
Depreciation of PP&E (non-production) 

Amortization of customer contracts and 
relationships 
Amortization of development costs 
Total depreciation and amortization 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 
37,673 
2,596 

$ 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 
33,363 
2,258 

$ 

$ Change 
4,310 
338 

% Change 
12.9% 
15.0% 

530 
3,246 
44,045 

$ 

597 
3,607 
39,825 

(67) 
(361) 
4,220 

(11.2%) 
(10.0%) 
10.6% 

$ 

Total depreciation and amortization expense for the fourth quarter of 2017 increased by $4.2 million to $44.0 million as compared to 
$39.8  million  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016.  The  increase  in  total  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  was  primarily  due  to  an 
increase in depreciation expense on a larger PP&E base resulting from new and replacement business.   

A significant portion of the Company’s recent investments relates to various new programs that commenced during or subsequent to 
the fourth quarter of 2016. The Company continues to make significant investments in the business in light of its backlog of business 
and growing global footprint. 

Depreciation of PP&E (production) expense as a percentage of sales increased year-over-over to 4.3% for the fourth quarter of 2017 
from  3.4%  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016  due  to  lower  year-over-year  sales  as  previously  discussed,  and  recent  investments  put  into 
production.  

Page 6 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Depreciation of PP&E (production) 
Depreciation of PP&E (non-production) 

Amortization of customer contracts and 
relationships 
Amortization of development costs 
Total depreciation and amortization 

$ 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 
140,018 
9,652 

2,162 
13,237 
165,069 

$ 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
127,617 
8,727 

$ Change 
12,401 
925 

% Change 
9.7% 
10.6% 

2,307 
13,652 
152,303 

(145) 
(415) 
12,766 

(6.3%) 
(3.0%) 
8.4% 

Total  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  increased  by  $12.8  million  to  $165.1  million  as 
compared to $152.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase in total depreciation and amortization expense was 
primarily due to an increase in depreciation expense on a larger PP&E base resulting from equipment purchases to support new and 
replacement  business.  The  year-over-year  increase  in  total  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  was  partially  offset  by  lower 
depreciation  and  amortization  expense  recognized  at  an  operating  facility  in  Detroit,  Michigan  due  to  certain  assets  having  been 
impaired during the second quarter of 2016. 

Depreciation of PP&E (production) expense as a percentage of sales increased year-over-year to 3.8% for the year ended December 
31, 2017 compared to 3.2% for the year ended December 31, 2016 due to lower year-over-year sales, as previously discussed, and 
recent investments put into production. 

ADJUSTMENTS TO NET INCOME 
(ATTRIBUTABLE TO EQUITY HOLDERS OF THE COMPANY) 

Adjusted Net Income excludes certain unusual and other items, as set out in the following tables and described in the notes thereto. 
Management uses Adjusted Net Income as a measurement of operating performance of the Company and believes that, in conjunction 
with IFRS measures, it provides useful information about the financial performance and condition of the Company. 

Page 7 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE A 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

NET INCOME (A) 

$32,366   

$30,753 

$1,613 

For the three months ended   For the three months ended  

December 31, 2017 
(a) 

December 31, 2016 
(b) 

(a)-(b) 
Change 

Add Back - Unusual and Other Items: 

Gain on sale of land and building (1) 
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments (2) 
Impairment of assets (4) 

TOTAL UNUSUAL AND OTHER ITEMS BEFORE TAX 

Tax impact of above items (6) 
Impact of US tax reforms on deferred tax asset (7) 

TOTAL UNUSUAL AND OTHER ITEMS - AFTER TAX (B) 

ADJUSTED NET INCOME (A + B) 

Number of Shares Outstanding – Basic (‘000) 
Adjusted Basic Net Earnings Per Share 
Number of Shares Outstanding – Diluted (‘000) 
Adjusted Diluted Net Earnings Per Share  

(13,374)  
(2,322)  
7,488   

($8,208)  

(292)   
19,313  

$10,813   

$43,179   

86,593  
$0.50  
87,101  
$0.50  

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(13,374) 
(2,322) 
7,488 

($8,208) 

(292) 
19,313 

$10,813 

$30,753 

$12,426 

86,404  
$0.36  
86,466  
$0.36  

Page 8 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
TABLE B 

Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

NET INCOME (A) 

$159,543   

$92,380 

$67,163 

For the year ended 
December 31, 2017 
(a) 

For the year ended 
December 31, 2016 
(b) 

(a)-(b) 
Change 

Add Back - Unusual and Other Items: 

Gain on sale of land and building (1) 
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments (2) 
Executive separation agreement (3) 
Impairment of assets (4) 
Restructuring costs (5) 

(19,072)  
(3,697)  
1,767   
7,488   
- 

- 
- 
- 
34,579 
3,684 

(19,072) 
(3,697) 
1,767 
(27,091) 
(3,684) 

TOTAL UNUSUAL AND OTHER ITEMS BEFORE TAX 

($13,514) 

$38,263 

($51,777) 

Tax impact of above items (6) 
Impact of US tax reforms on deferred tax asset (7) 

TOTAL UNUSUAL AND OTHER ITEMS - AFTER TAX (B) 

ADJUSTED NET INCOME (A + B) 

Number of Shares Outstanding – Basic (‘000) 
Adjusted Basic Net Earnings Per Share 
Number of Shares Outstanding – Diluted (‘000) 
Adjusted Diluted Net Earnings Per Share  

177 
19,313 

$5,976   

$165,519   

86,527  
$1.91  
86,779  
$1.91  

(558) 
- 

735 
19,313 

$37,705 

($31,729) 

$130,085 

$35,434 

86,389   
$1.51  
86,527  
$1.50  

(1)  Gain on sale of land and building 

During the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company finalized and closed a sale-leaseback arrangement involving the land and building 
of two of its operating facilities in the Greater Toronto Area. The assets were sold for net proceeds of $31.0 million (net of closing 
costs of $0.5  million)  resulting in a  pre-tax  gain of  $13.4  million.  The  corresponding  leaseback  of  the  assets  is for  a term  of ten 
years at market rates.    

During  the  first  quarter  of  2017,  in  connection  with  the  relocation  of  an  existing  operation  to  another  manufacturing  facility,  a 
building  owned  by  the  Company  in  Mississauga,  Ontario  was  sold  on  an  “as-is,  where-is”  basis.    The  building  was  sold  for 
proceeds of $9.9 million (net of closing costs of $0.4 million) resulting in a pre-tax gain of $5.7 million. 

(2)  Unrealized gain on derivative instruments 

In the third quarter of 2017, the Company acquired 5.5 million common shares in NanoXplore Inc. (“NanoXplore”), a publicly listed 
company  on  the  TSX  Venture  Exchange  trading  under  the  ticker  symbol  GRA,  for  a  total  of  $2.5  million  through  a  private 
placement offering (the investment is further described in note 7 of the consolidated financial statements and later on in this MD&A 
under the section “Investments”).  As part of the transaction to acquire the common shares, the Company also received warrants 
entitling the Company to acquire up to an additional 2.75 million common shares in NanoXplore at a price of $0.70 per share for a 
period of up to two years after issuance.  The warrants in NanoXplore represent derivative instruments and are fair valued at the 
end of each reporting period with the change in fair value recorded through profit or loss.  As at December 31, 2017, the warrants 
had a fair value of $4.0 million which resulted in an unrealized gain of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, of which 
$2.3 million was recognized in the fourth quarter, recorded in Other finance income.  This unrealized gain has been added back for 
Adjusted Net Income purposes. 

Page 9 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)  Executive separation agreement 

During the third quarter of 2017, David Rashid ceased to be an Executive Vice President of Operations of the Company. The costs 
added back for Adjusted Net Income purposes represents Mr. Rashid’s termination benefits (included in SG&A expense) as set out 
in his employment contract payable over a twelve-month period. 

(4)  Impairment of assets 

During the fourth quarter of 2017, in conjunction with the Company’s annual business planning cycle,  the Company recorded an 
impairment charge on PP&E of $7.5 million. The impairment charge related to specific equipment at an operating facility in Canada 
included in the North America operating segment.  The equipment is no longer in use and is not expected to be re-deployed. 

During the second quarter of 2016, the Company recorded impairment charges on PP&E, intangible assets and inventories totaling 
$34.6 million (US$26.6 million) related to an operating facility in Detroit, Michigan included in the North America operating segment. 
The  impairment  charges  resulted  from  the  cancellation  of  the  main  OEM  light  vehicle  platform  being  serviced  by  the  facility, 
representing the majority of the business, well before the end of its expected life cycle. This led to a decision to close the facility. 
The impairment charges were recorded where the carrying amount of the assets exceeded their estimated recoverable amounts.  

(5)  Restructuring costs 

As  part  of  the  acquisition  of  Honsel  in  2011,  a  certain  level  of  restructuring  was  contemplated,  in  particular,  at  the  Company’s 
operating facility in Meschede, Germany.  In connection with these restructuring activities, $1.8 million (€1.2 million) of employee 
related severance was recognized during the second quarter of 2016.  No further costs related to this restructuring are expected. 

Other  additions  to  the  restructuring  accrual  during  2016  totaled  $1.9  million  (US$1.4  million)  and  represent  employee-related 
payouts resulting from the closure of the operating facility in Detroit, Michigan as described above. 

(6)  Tax impact of above items 

The tax impact of the adjustments recorded to income in 2017 of $0.3 million reflects a lower tax effect on the gain on sale of land 
and building and the unrealized gain on derivative instruments due to the capital nature of the gains for tax purposes (capital gains 
are generally taxed at lower rates). 

The tax impact of the adjustments recorded to income during 2016 of $0.6 million represents solely the corresponding tax effect on 
the $1.8 million in restructuring costs incurred in Meschede, Germany.  The $34.6 million in impairment charges and $1.9 million in 
restructuring costs related to the closure of the operating facility in Detroit, Michigan, as described above, resulted in tax losses that 
were not benefitted and, as a result, not recognized as deferred tax assets.  In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets at a 
point  in  time,  the  Company  considers  whether  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  some  portion  of  its  deferred  tax  assets  will  not  be 
realized.    The  ultimate  realization  of  deferred  tax  assets  is  dependent  upon  the  generation  of  future  taxable  income  and  the 
reversal  of  taxable  temporary  differences;  however,  forming  a  conclusion  on  the  realization  of  deferred  tax  assets  requires 
judgment when there are recent tax losses. 

(7)  Impact of US tax reforms on deferred tax asset 

Extensive changes to the US tax system were enacted on December 22, 2017, which, among other changes, substantially reduced 
the US federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% with effect from January 1, 2018. As a result of this change, the Company’s 
deferred tax asset in the US decreased as at December 31, 2017 with a corresponding one-time, non-cash increase in income tax 
expense of $19.3 million.  

Page 10 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NET INCOME 
(ATTRIBUTABLE TO EQUITY HOLDERS OF THE COMPANY) 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Net Income 
Adjusted Net Income 
Net Earnings per Share 
Basic and Diluted 

Adjusted Net Earnings per Share 

Basic and Diluted 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 
32,366 
43,179 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 
30,753 
30,753 

$ 
$ 

$ Change 
1,613 
12,426 

% Change 
5.2% 
40.4% 

0.37 

$ 

0.50 

$ 

0.36 

0.36 

Net Income, before adjustments, for the fourth quarter of 2017 increased by $1.6 million to $32.4 million from $30.8 million for the fourth 
quarter  of  2016.  Excluding  the  unusual  and  other  items  recognized  during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017  as  explained  in  Table  A  under 
“Adjustments to Net Income”, Net Income for the fourth quarter of 2017 increased to $43.2 million or $0.50 per share, on a basic and 
diluted basis, from $30.8 million or $0.36 per share, on a basic and diluted basis, for the fourth quarter of 2016.   

Adjusted Net Income for the fourth quarter of 2017, as compared to the fourth quarter of 2016, was positively impacted by the following: 

 
 
 

 

higher gross profit despite an overall decrease in year-over-year sales as previously explained; 
productivity and efficiency improvements at certain operating facilities;  
general sales mix including new and replacement programs that launched, and old programs that ended production, during or 
a subsequent to the fourth quarter of 2016; and 
a  lower  effective  tax  rate  on  adjusted  income  due  generally  to  the  mix  of  earnings  (23.3%  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017 
compared to 24.5% for the fourth quarter of 2016). 

These factors were partially offset by the following: 

 
 
 

operational inefficiencies and other costs at certain other facilities;  
a year-over-year increase in SG&A expense as previously discussed; and 
a year-over-year increase in depreciation expense as previously discussed. 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 actual to guidance comparison: 

On November 14, 2017, the Company provided the following guidance for the fourth quarter of 2017: 

Production sales (in millions) 

Adjusted Net Earnings per Share 

Basic and Diluted 

Guidance 

790 - 830 

0.45 - 0.49 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Actual 

810  

0.50 

For  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017,  while  production  sales  of  $810  million  were  within  the  published  sales  guidance  range,  Adjusted  Net 
Earnings  per  Share  of  $0.50  exceeded  the  published  earnings  guidance  range  due  generally  to  better  than  expected  financial 
performance at certain operating facilities. 

Page 11 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Net Income 
Adjusted Net Income 
Net Earnings per Share 
Basic and Diluted 

Adjusted Net Earnings per Share 

Basic 
Diluted 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 
159,543 
165,519 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
92,380 
130,085 

$ 
$ 

$ Change 
67,163 
35,434 

% Change 
72.7% 
27.2% 

1.84 

$ 

1.91 
1.91 

$ 
$ 

1.07 

1.51 
1.50 

Net Income, before adjustments, for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased by $67.1 million to $159.5 million from $92.4 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2016 largely as a result of the increase in the Company’s gross margin, as previously discussed, and 
the impact of the unusual and other items incurred during the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 as explained in Table B under 
“Adjustments to Net Income”. Excluding these unusual and other items, net income for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased to 
$165.5 million or $1.91 per share, on a basic and diluted basis, from $130.1 million or $1.51 per share, on a basic basis, and $1.50 per 
share, on a diluted basis, for the year ended December 31, 2016. 

Adjusted  Net  Income  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  as  compared  to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016,  was  positively 
impacted by the following: 

 
 
 

 

 
 

higher gross profit despite an overall decrease in year-over-year sales as previously explained; 
productivity and efficiency improvements at certain operating facilities;  
general sales mix including new and replacement programs that launched, and old programs that ended production, during or 
subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2016; 
a net foreign exchange gain of $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to a net foreign exchange loss of 
$2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016; 
a year-over-year decrease in finance expense on the Company’s bank debt and equipment loans; and 
a lower effective tax rate on adjusted income due generally to the mix of earnings (23.4% for the year ended December 31, 
2017 compared to 24.4% for the year ended December 31, 2016). 

These factors were partially offset by the following: 

 
 
 
 

operational inefficiencies and other costs at certain other facilities; 
a year-over-year increase in SG&A as previously discussed; 
a year-over-year increase in depreciation expense as previously discussed; and 
an increase in research and development costs due to increased new product and process research and development activity.  

ADDITIONS TO PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Additions to PP&E 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 
83,815 

$ 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 
112,721 

$ 

$ Change 
(28,906) 

% Change 
(25.6%) 

Additions to PP&E decreased by $28.9 million to $83.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 from $112.7 million in the fourth quarter of 
2016 due generally to the timing of expenditures. Additions as a percentage of sales decreased year-over-year to 9.5% from 11.4% in 
the  fourth  quarter  of  2016.    The  Company  continues  to  make  investments  in  the  business  in  particular  at  new  greenfield  operating 
facilities as these new plants execute on their backlogs of new business. 

Page 12 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

Additions to PP&E 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 
251,920 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
249,454 

$ 

$ Change 
2,466 

% Change 
1.0% 

Additions to PP&E increased slightly by $2.5 million year-over-year to $251.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared 
to $249.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Additions as a percentage of sales increased year-over-year to 6.8% for the 
year ended December 31, 2017 from 6.3% for the year ended December 31, 2016. While capital expenditures are made to refurbish or 
replace assets consumed in the normal course of business and for productivity improvements, a large portion of the investment in 2017 
continued to be for manufacturing equipment for new and replacement programs that recently launched or  will be launching over the 
next 24 months. 

SEGMENT ANALYSIS 

The  Company  defines  its  operating  segments  as  components  of  its  business  where  separate  financial  information  is  available  and 
routinely  evaluated  by  the  Company’s  chief  operating  decision  maker  which  is  the  Chief  Executive  Officer.    Given  the  differences 
between  the  regions  in  which  the  Company  operates,  Martinrea’s  operations  are  segmented  and  aggregated  on  a  geographic  basis 
between North America, Europe and Rest of the World.  The Company measures segment operating performance based on operating 
income. 

Three months ended December 31, 2017 to three months ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

SALES 

OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)* 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 

$ 

North America 
Europe 
Rest of the World 
Eliminations 
Adjusted Operating Income   
Unusual and Other Items* 

674,852  $ 
163,949   
41,904   
(2,063)   
-   
-   

805,487  $ 
150,983   
38,165   
(4,228)   

-  $ 
-   

51,637  $ 
7,496   
2,508   
-   

61,641  $ 
5,886   

35,759 
9,642 
575 
- 
45,976 
- 

Total 
* Operating income for the operating segments has been adjusted for unusual and other items. The $5.9 million of unusual and other items for the fourth 
quarter of 2017 was recognized in North America. The unusual and other items noted are all fully explained under “Adjustments to Net Income” in this 
MD&A. 

878,642  $ 

990,407  $ 

67,527  $ 

45,976 

$ 

North America 

Adjusted Operating Income in North America increased by $15.9 million to $51.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2017 from $35.8 million 
for the fourth quarter of 2016 despite lower sales as previously discussed. Adjusted Operating Income in North America was positively 
impacted  by  productivity  and  efficiency  improvements  at  certain  operating  facilities  and  general  sales  mix  including  new  and 
replacement  programs  that  launched,  and  old  programs  that  ended  production,  during  or  subsequent  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016; 
partially offset by operational inefficiencies and other costs at certain other facilities.   

Europe 

Adjusted Operating Income in Europe decreased by $2.1 million to $7.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2017 from $9.6 million for the 
fourth quarter of 2016 due in large part to upfront costs incurred in the Company’s German operations in preparation of upcoming new 
programs and related to new business in the process of being launched; partially offset by incremental margin contribution from a year-
over-year  increase  in  sales.  As  noted  previously,  the  year-over-year  increase  in  sales  can  be  attributed  to  a  $6.4  million  increase  in 
tooling sales, a $2.5 million positive foreign exchange impact from the translation of Euro denominated production sales as compared to 
the fourth quarter of 2016, and higher overall production volumes in the Company’s German operations including the ramp up of new 
structural components work and the new V8 AMG engine block for Daimler. 

Page 13 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rest of the World 

The operating results for the Rest of the World operating segment improved year-over-year due in large part to higher year-over-year 
sales.    The  increase  in  sales  was  due  to  a  $4.0  million  increase  in  tooling  sales  and  higher  year-over  year  production  sales  in  the 
Company’s operating facility in Brazil; partially offset by a $1.1 million negative foreign exchange impact from the translation of foreign 
denominated  production  sales  as  compared  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016  and  lower  year-over-year  OEM  production  volumes  on  the 
Ford Mondeo/Taurus platforms in China. 

Year ended December 31, 2017 to year ended December 31, 2016 comparison 

SALES 

OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)* 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 

$ 

North America 
Europe 
Rest of the World 
Eliminations 
Adjusted Operating Income 
Unusual and Other Items* 
Total 
* Operating income for the operating segments has been adjusted for unusual and other items. The $9.8 million of unusual and other items for the year 
ended December 31, 2017 was recognized in North America.  Of the $38.3 million of unusual and other items incurred during the year ended December 
31,  2016,  $36.5  million  was  incurred  in  North  America  and  $1.8  million  in  Europe.  The  unusual  and  other  items  noted  are  all  fully  explained  under 
“Adjustments to Net Income” in this MD&A. 

2,913,786  $ 
657,029 
132,067 
(12,383) 
-   
-   

165,236 
36,813 
(4,342) 
- 
197,707 
(38,263) 
159,444 

3,222,660  $ 
636,082 
122,989 
(13,324) 

203,676  $ 
38,388 
(5,257) 
- 

236,807  $ 
9,817 
246,624  $ 

3,968,407  $ 

3,690,499  $ 

-  $ 
- 

$ 

North America 

Adjusted Operating Income in North America increased by $38.4 million to $203.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 from 
$165.2  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016.  Adjusted  Operating  Income  in  North  America  was  positively  impacted  by 
productivity and efficiency improvements at certain operating facilities and general sales mix including new and replacement programs 
that launched, and old programs that ended production, during or subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2016; partially offset by 
operational inefficiencies and other costs at certain facilities. 

Europe 

Adjusted  Operating  Income  in  Europe  increased  by  $1.6  million  to  $38.4  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  from  $36.8 
million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  due  to  higher  year-over-year  sales;  partially  offset  by  upfront  costs  incurred  in  the 
Company’s  German  operations  in  preparation  of  upcoming  new  programs  and  related  to  new  business  in  the  process  of  being 
launched.  The  increase  in  sales  can  be  attributed  to  higher  production  volumes  in  the  Company’s  German  operations  including  the 
ramp  up  of  new  structural  components  work  and  the  new  V8  AMG  engine  block  for  Daimler,  and  an  $8.0  million  increase  in  tooling 
sales; partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange on the translation of Euro denominated production sales, which had a negative 
impact on overall sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 of approximately $6.3 million as compared to the comparative period of 
2016. 

Rest of the World 

The operating results for the Rest of the World operating segment decreased year-over-year despite higher year-over-year sales.  The 
decrease in operating results was due to approximately $5.0 million in litigation costs related to certain employee-related matters in the 
Company’s operating facility in Brazil, and upfront costs incurred in the Company’s China operations in preparation of upcoming new 
programs; partially offset by incremental margin contribution from the higher year-over-year sales.  The increase in sales  was mainly 
due to a year-over-year increase in production sales in the Company’s operating facility in Brazil and higher year-over-year production 
sales  in  China  related  to  GM’s  CT6  vehicle  platform;  partially  offset  by  a  $5.1  million  decrease  in  tooling  sales  and  a  $0.6  million 
negative  foreign  exchange  impact  from  the  translation  of  foreign  denominated  production  sales  as  compared  to  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2016. 

Page 14 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS 
(unaudited) 

2017 

2016 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Sales 

878,642 

838,535 

972,772  1,000,550 

990,407 

914,725  1,023,825  1,039,450 

Gross Margin 

124,042 

113,418 

128,926 

118,215 

104,312 

99,698 

116,222 

111,818 

Net Income (loss) for the period 

32,366 

36,022 

47,411 

43,467 

30,630 

28,827 

(27) 

32,531 

Net Income (loss) attributable to 
equity holders of the Company 

Adjusted Net Income attributable to 
equity holders of the Company* 

Basic and Diluted Net Earnings per 
Share 

Adjusted Basic and Diluted Net 
Earnings per Share* 

*Non-IFRS Measures 

32,366 

36,229 

47,346 

43,602 

30,753 

29,098 

(42) 

32,571 

43,179 

36,263 

47,346 

38,731 

30,753 

29,098 

37,663 

32,571 

0.37 

0.42 

0.55 

0.50 

0.36 

0.34 

- 

0.38 

0.50 

0.42 

0.55 

0.45 

0.36 

0.34 

0.44 

0.38 

The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with IFRS. However, the Company considers certain non-IFRS financial 
measures  as  useful  additional  information  in  measuring  the  financial  performance  and  condition  of  the  Company.  These  measures, 
which the Company believes are widely used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties in evaluating the Company’s 
performance,  do  not  have  a  standardized  meaning  prescribed  by  IFRS  and  therefore  may  not  be  comparable  to  similarly  titled 
measures  presented  by  other  publicly  traded  companies,  nor  should  they  be  construed  as  an  alternative  to  financial  measures 
determined  in  accordance  with  IFRS.  Non-IFRS  measures  include  “Adjusted  Net  Income”,  “Adjusted  Net  Earnings  per  Share  (on  a 
basic and diluted basis)”, “Adjusted Operating Income” and "Adjusted EBITDA”. Please refer to the Company’s previously filed annual 
and interim MD&A of operating results and financial position for the fiscal years 2017 and 2016 for a full reconciliation of IFRS to non-
IFRS measures. 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 

The  Company’s  financial  condition  remains  solid  and  continues  to  strengthen,  which  can  be  attributed  to  the  Company’s  low  cost 
structure, reasonable level of debt and prospects for growth.  As at December 31, 2017, the Company had total equity attributable to 
equity holders of the Company of $958.5 million (December 31, 2016 - $830.2 million).  As at December 31, 2017, the Company’s ratio 
of current assets to current liabilities was 1.28:1 (December 31, 2016 - 1.26:1).  The Company’s current working capital level of $226.9 
million  at  December  31,  2017,  up  from  $198.0  million  at  December  31,  2016  is  due  in  large  part  to  the  timing  of  cash  inflows  and 
outflows with tooling related accounts.  Credit facilities (discussed below) are expected to be sufficient to cover the anticipated working 
capital needs of the Company. Management expects that all future capital expenditures will be financed by cash flow from operations, 
utilization of existing bank credit facilities or asset backed financing.  

Page 15 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2017 

Three months ended 
December 31, 2016 

$ Change  % Change 

Cash provided by operations before changes in non-
cash working capital items 
Change in non-cash working capital items 

$ 

Interest paid 
Income taxes paid 

Cash provided by operating activities 

Cash used in financing activities 

Cash used in investing activities 

107,094  $ 
(23,175) 
83,919 
(5,543) 
(12,912) 

65,464 

(10,131) 

(37,381) 

87,503 
23,108 
110,611 
(7,025) 
(9,172) 

19,591 
(46,283) 
(26,692) 
1,482 
(3,740) 

22.4% 
(200.3%) 
(24.1%) 
(21.1%) 
40.8% 

94,414 

(28,950) 

(30.7%) 

(17,854) 

7,723 

(43.3%) 

(64,871) 

27,490 

(42.4%) 

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and 
cash equivalents 
Increase in cash and cash equivalents 

$ 

776 
18,728  $ 

(92) 
11,597 

868 
7,131 

(943.5%) 
61.5% 

Cash  provided  by  operating  activities  during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017  was  $65.5  million,  compared  to  cash  provided  by  operating 
activities  of  $94.4  million  in  the  corresponding  period  of  2016.    The  components  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017  primarily  include  the 
following: 

 
 

 
 

cash provided by operations before changes in non-cash working capital items of $107.1 million; 
non-cash working capital items use of cash of $23.2 million comprised of an increase in trade and other receivables of $30.4 
million;  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  in  inventories  of  $5.1  million,  a  decrease  in  prepaid  expenses  and  deposits  of  $1.9 
million, and a combined increase in trade and other payables and provisions of $0.2 million; 
interest paid (excluding capitalized interest) of $5.5 million; and 
income taxes paid of $12.9 million. 

Cash used in financing activities  during the  fourth quarter  of 2017  was $10.1 million, compared to $17.9 million in the corresponding 
period  in  2016,  as  a  result  of  repayments  on  the  Company’s  revolving  banking  facility  and  asset  backed  financing  arrangements 
totalling $49.5 million, and $2.6 million in dividends paid; partially offset by proceeds from a new equipment loan in the amount of $40 
million, and $1.9 million in proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options.  The $17.9 million in cash used in financing activities 
during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016  was  the  result  of  a  $16.0  million  net  decrease  in  long-term  debt  (including  repayments  on  the 
Company’s revolving banking facility and asset backed financing arrangements), and $2.6 million in dividends paid; partially  offset by 
$0.7 million in proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options. 

Cash used in  investing activities during the  fourth quarter  of 2017  was $37.4 million, compared to $64.9 million in the corresponding 
period in 2016. The components for the fourth quarter of 2017 primarily include the following: 

  cash additions to PP&E of $67.1 million; 
  capitalized development costs relating to upcoming new program launches of $3.6 million; partially offset by 
  proceeds from the disposal of PP&E of $2.3 million and proceeds from the sale of land and building of $31.0 million. 

The cash used in investing activities of $64.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2016 included $62.0 million in cash additions to PP&E and 
$3.0 million  in  capitalized development costs relating to upcoming new  program launches; partially offset by $0.1 million in proceeds 
from the disposal of PP&E. 

Taking  into  account  the  opening  cash  balance  of  $52.5  million  at  the  beginning  of  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017,  and  the  activities 
described above, the cash and cash equivalents balance at December 31, 2017 was $71.2 million. 

Page 16 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended 
December 31, 2017    

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 

$ Change 

% Change 

Cash provided by operations before changes in non-
cash working capital items 
Change in non-cash working capital items 

$ 

Interest paid 
Income taxes paid 

406,207  $ 
(26,876) 
379,331 
(20,304) 
(56,166) 

348,031 
(15,986) 
332,045 
(22,361) 
(49,967) 

58,176 
(10,890) 
47,286 
2,057 
(6,199) 

16.7% 
68.1% 
14.2% 
(9.2%) 
12.4% 

Cash provided by operating activities 

302,861 

259,717 

43,144 

16.6% 

Cash provided by (used) in financing activities 

(56,915) 

11,713 

(68,628) 

(585.9%) 

Cash used in investing activities 

(230,620) 

(239,096) 

8,476 

(3.5%) 

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and 
cash equivalents 
Increase in cash and cash equivalents 

$ 

(3,298) 
12,028  $ 

(2,068) 
30,266 

(1,230) 
(18,238) 

59.5% 
(60.3%) 

Cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2017 was $302.9 million, compared to $259.7 million in the 
corresponding period of 2016. The components for the year ended December 31, 2017 primarily include the following: 

 
 

 
 

cash provided by operations before changes in non-cash working capital items of $406.2 million; 
non-cash  working capital items use of cash  of $26.9 million comprised of a decrease in trade and  other receivables  of $0.1 
million, an increase in prepaid expenses and deposits of $1.3 million and an increase in inventories of $80.5 million; partially 
offset by a combined increase in trade and other payables and provisions of $55.0 million; 
interest paid (excluding capitalized interest) of $20.3 million; and 
income taxes paid of $56.2 million. 

Cash used in financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2017 was $56.9 million, compared to cash provided by financing 
activities of $11.7 million in the corresponding period in 2016, as a result of repayments on the Company’s revolving banking facility and 
asset backed financing arrangements totalling $88.6 million, and $10.4 million in dividends paid; partially offset by proceeds from a new 
equipment loan of $40.0 million and $2.1 million in proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options.  The $11.7 million in cash 
provided in financing  activities  during the  year  ended December 31, 2016  was  the  result  of a $21.3  million net  increase  in  long-term 
debt  (net  of  repayments  on  the  Company’s  revolving  banking  facility  and  asset  backed  financing  arrangements)  and  $0.8  million  in 
proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options; partially offset by $10.4 million in dividends paid. 

Cash  used  in  investing  activities  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  was  $230.6  million,  compared  to  $239.1  million  in  the 
corresponding period in 2016.  The components for the year ended December 31, 2017 primarily include the following: 

 
 
 

 

cash additions to PP&E of $259.6 million; 
capitalized development costs relating to upcoming new program launches of $14.2 million;  
an  investment  in  NanoXplore  Inc.  (as  described  in  note  7  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2017) of $2.5 million; partially offset by 
proceeds  from  the  disposal  of  PP&E  of  $3.6  million,  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  land  and  building  of  $40.9  million,  and  the 
upfront recovery of development costs incurred of $1.2 million. 

The  cash  used  in  investing  activities  of  $239.1  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  included  $226.9  million  in  cash 
additions to PP&E and $12.6 million in capitalized development costs relating to upcoming new program launches; partially offset by 
$0.4 million in proceeds from the disposal of PP&E. 

Taking into account the opening cash balance of $59.2 million at the beginning of 2017, and the activities described above, the cash 
and cash equivalents balance at December 31, 2017 was $71.2 million.  

Page 17 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financing 

On April 29, 2016, the Company’s banking facility was amended to extend its maturity date and increase the total available revolving 
credit lines under the facility.  The primary terms of the amended banking facility, with a syndicate of nine banks, are as follows: 

 
 
 
 

 
 

available revolving credit lines of $350 million and US$400 million; 
available asset based financing capacity of $205 million; 
no mandatory principal repayment provisions; 
an  accordion  feature  which  provides  the  Company  with  the  ability  to  increase  the  revolving  credit  facility  by  up  to  US$150 
million; 
pricing terms at market rates; and 
a maturity date of April 2020. 

There were no changes to pricing terms or financial covenants under the facility adverse to the Company. 

As  at December 31,  2017,  the Company  had drawn  $233.0 million (December  31, 2016  -  $273.0 million)  on  the  Canadian  revolving 
credit line and US$256.0 million (December 31, 2016 - US$270.0 million) on the U.S. revolving credit line. 

Net debt (i.e. long-term debt less cash on hand) decreased by $79.4 million during 2017 from $662.2 million at December 31, 2016 to 
$582.8 million at December 31, 2017. The Company’s net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (on a trailing twelve months basis) leverage ratio 
improved to 1.45x at the end of the fourth quarter of 2017, from 1.89x at the end of 2016. 

The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as at December 31, 2017.  

During  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017,  the  Company  finalized  an  equipment  loan  in  the  amount  of  $40  million  repayable  in  monthly 
installments over five years at a fixed interest rate of 3.80%. The loan agreement was executed on October 2, 2017. 

Dividends 

In  the  second  quarter  of  2013,  Martinrea's  Board  of  Directors  approved,  for  the  first  time,  a  dividend  to  be  paid  to  all  holders  of 
Martinrea common shares.  Annual dividends are to be $0.12 per share, to be paid in four quarterly payments of $0.03 per share.  The 
first quarterly dividend payment of $0.03 per share was paid on July 11, 2013; with successive quarterly dividends paid thereafter, with 
the most recent quarterly dividend being paid on January 15, 2018.  The declaration and payment of future dividends will be subject to 
the Company’s cash requirements as  well  as satisfaction  of statutory tests.   In view of the Company’s financial performance, and  its 
future outlook and cash needs, the Board has decided to increase the annual dividends by 50% to $0.18 per share, to be paid in four 
quarterly installments of $0.045 per share, commencing with the release of the first quarter results of 2018.  In addition, the Board will 
assess  future  dividend  payment  levels  from  time  to  time,  in  light  of  the  Company’s  financial  performance  and  then  current  and 
anticipated needs at that time. 

Guarantees 

The Company  is a guarantor under certain tooling finance programs negotiated originally in 2004 and amended in 2016 that provide 
direct financing for the tooling on specific programs.  The tooling finance program involves a third party that provides tooling suppliers 
with  financing  subject  to  a  Company  guarantee  for  a  period  of  six  to  eighteen  months  depending  upon  the  duration  of  the  tooling 
program and the subsequent customer tooling payment.  The amounts loaned to tooling suppliers through this financing arrangement 
do not appear on the Company’s balance sheet.  At December 31, 2017 the amount of off-balance sheet program financing was $75.2 
million  (December  31,  2016  -  $65.5  million).  As  is  customary  in  the  automotive  industry,  tooling  costs  are  ultimately  paid  for  by 
customers of the Company generally upon acceptance of the final prototypes and commencement of commercial production.  

Page 18 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES  

The following risk factors, as well as the other information contained in this MD&A, the Company’s Annual Information Form for the year 
ended December 31, 2017 (“AIF”) (of which the section entitled “Automotive Industry  General”, describing automotive industry trends 
and  highlights,  contained  in  the  AIF  is  incorporated  by  reference  herein)  or  otherwise  incorporated  herein  by  reference,  should  be 
considered carefully. These risk factors could materially and adversely affect the Company’s future operating results and could cause 
actual events to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements relating to the Company.   

The  Company’s  success  is  primarily  dependent  upon  the  levels  of  car  and  light  truck  production  by  its  customers  and  the  relative 
amount of content the Company has on their various vehicle programs.  OEM production volumes may be impacted by many factors 
including  general  economic  and  political  conditions,  interest  rates,  credit  availability,  energy  and  fuel  prices,  international  conflicts, 
labour  relations 
legislative  changes,  and 
environmental emissions standards and safety issues.  

issues,  regulatory  requirements, 

infrastructure  considerations, 

trade  agreements, 

North American and Global Economic and Political Conditions 

The automotive industry is global, and is cyclical in the fact that it is sensitive to changes in economic and political conditions, including 
interest rates, currency issues, energy prices and international or domestic conflicts or political crises. 

The Company operates in the midst of a volatile industry, which in the past decade has experienced a significant recession, particularly 
severe  in  North  America  and  more  recently  Europe.    Although  there  has  been  stabilization  or  growth  in  North  America,  current 
conditions continue to cause economic uncertainty about the future in different regions.  It is uncertain what the Company’s prospects 
will be in the future.  While the Company believes it has sufficient liquidity and a strong balance sheet to deal with present economic 
conditions, lower sales and production volumes in certain areas may occur. It is unknown at this stage the impact of the views of the 
U.S.  administration  on  the  North  American  Free  Trade  Agreement  (“NAFTA”)  and  any  effects  on  the  automotive  industry  from  any 
NAFTA changes. (See “Trade Policies and Resulting Impact (NAFTA and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-
Pacific Partnership (“CPTPP”)” under “Automotive Industry General” in the AIF and “Changes in Law and Governmental Regulation” .)  

Consumer  confidence  has  a  significant  impact  on  consumer  demand  for  vehicles,  which  in  turn  impacts  vehicle  production.    A 
significant decline in vehicle production volumes from current levels could have a material adverse effect on profitability.  

Automotive Industry Risks  

The  automotive  industry  is  generally  viewed  as  highly  cyclical.    It  is  dependent  on,  among  other  factors,  consumer  spending  and 
general economic conditions in North America and elsewhere.  Future sales and production volumes are anticipated to grow modestly 
or stabilize in North America over the next several years, and have grown in the past several years, but growth rates are uncertain, and 
volume levels can decrease at any time.  In Europe, the automotive industry has significant overcapacity as well as reduced sales and 
production levels, which can lead to downsizing and restructuring costs, or costs associated with overcapacity.  Increased emphasis on 
the reduction of fuel consumption, fuel emissions and greenhouse gas emissions could also reduce demand for automobiles overall or 
specific  platforms  on  which  the  Company  has  product,  especially  in  the  light  truck  segment.    There  can  be  no  assurance  that  North 
American or European automotive production overall or on specific platforms will not decline in the future or that the Company will be 
able  to  utilize  any  existing  unused  capacity  or  any  additional  capacity  it  adds  in  the  future.    A  continued  or  a  substantial  additional 
decline in the production of new automobiles overall or by customer or by customer platform may have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s financial condition and results of operations and ability to meet existing financial covenants. It is unknown at this stage the 
impact of the views of the U.S. administration on NAFTA and any effects on the automotive industry from any NAFTA changes. See 
“Trade Policies and Resulting Impact (NAFTA and the CPTPP)” in the AIF and “Changes in Law and Governmental Regulation”. 

Dependence Upon Key Customers 

Due to the nature of the Company’s business, it is dependent upon several large customers such that cancellation of a significant order 
by any of these customers, the loss of any such customers for any reason or the insolvency of any such customers, reduced sales of 
automotive platforms of such customers, or shift in market share on vehicles on which we have significant content, could significantly 
reduce  the  Company’s  ongoing  revenue  and/or  profitability,  and  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  the  Company’s  financial 
condition.  In addition, a work disruption at one or more of the Company’s customers resulting from labour stoppages at or insolvencies 
of key suppliers to such customers or an extended customer shutdown (scheduled or unscheduled ) could have a significant impact on 
the  Company’s  revenue  and/or  profitability.    Our  largest  North  American  customers  typically  halt  production  for  approximately  two 
weeks  in  July  and  one  week  in  December.  These  typically  seasonal  shutdowns  could  cause  fluctuations  in  the  Company’s  quarterly 
results.  

Page 19 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Viability of Suppliers 

The  Company  relies  on  a  number  of  suppliers  to  supply  a  wide  range  of  products  and  components  required  in  connection  with  the 
business.  Economic conditions, production volume cuts, intense pricing pressures, increased commodity prices and a number of other 
factors including acts of God (fires, hurricanes, earthquakes) can result in many automotive suppliers experiencing varying degrees of 
financial  distress.    The  continued  financial  distress  or  the  insolvency  or  bankruptcy  of  any  such  supplier  could  disrupt  the  supply  of 
products,  materials  or  components  to  Martinrea  or  to  customers,  potentially  causing  the  temporary  shut-down  of  the  Company’s  or 
customers’ production lines.  Martinrea has experienced supply disruptions of varying natures in the past, including in cases where an 
equipment  supplier  has  gone  out  of  business,  or  an  act  of  God  resulted  in  the  shortage  of  a  key  commodity.    There  is  a  risk  some 
suppliers  may  not  have  adequate  capacity  to  timely  accommodate  increases  in  demand  for  their  products  which  could  lead  to 
production  disruption  for  the  customer.    Any  prolonged  disruption  in  the  supply  of  critical  components,  the  inability  to  re-source 
production of a critical component from a distressed automotive components sub-supplier, or any temporary shut-down of production 
lines  or  the  production  lines  of  a  customer,  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  profitability.    Additionally,  the  insolvency, 
bankruptcy, financial restructuring or force majeure event of any critical suppliers could result in the Company incurring unrecoverable 
costs related to the financial work-out or resourcing costs of such suppliers and/or increased exposure for product liability, warranty or 
recall costs relating to the components supplied by such suppliers to the extent such supplier is not able to assume responsibility for 
such  amounts,  each  of  which  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  profitability.    Also  see  “Dependence  Upon  Key 
Customers”. 

Competition 

The markets for fluid management systems, cast aluminum products and fabricated metal products and assemblies for automotive and 
industrial  customers  are  highly  competitive.  Some  of  the  Company’s  competitors  have  substantially  greater  financial,  marketing  and 
other resources than the Company. As the markets for the Company’s products and other services expand, additional competition may 
emerge and competitors may commit more resources to products which directly compete with the Company’s products. There can be 
no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully with existing competitors or that its business will not be adversely 
affected by increased competition or by new competitors. 

Cost Absorption and Purchase Orders 

Given  the  current  trends  in  the  automotive  industry,  the  Company  is  under  continuing  pressure  to  absorb  costs  related  to  product 
design and development, engineering, program management, prototypes, validation and tooling in addition to items previously paid for 
directly by OEMs.  In particular, OEMs are requesting that suppliers pay for the above costs and recover these costs through the piece 
price  of  the  applicable  component.    Contract  volumes  for  customer  programs  not  yet  in  production  are  based  on  the  Company’s 
customers’  estimates  of  their  own  future  production  levels.    However,  actual  production  volumes  may  vary  significantly  from  these 
estimates due to a reduction in consumer demand or new product launch delays, often without any compensation to the supplier by its 
OEM  customer.    Purchase  orders  issued  by  customers  typically  do  not  require  they  purchase  a  minimum  number  of  the  Company’s 
products.    For  programs  currently  under  production,  the  Company  is  generally  unable  to  request  price  changes  when  volumes  differ 
significantly from production estimates used during the quotation stage.  If estimated production volumes are not achieved, the product 
development, design, engineering, prototype and validation costs incurred by the Company may not be fully recovered. Similarly, future 
pricing  pressure  or  volume  reductions  by  the  Company’s  customers  may  also  reduce  the  amount  of  amortized  costs  otherwise 
recoverable  in  the  piece  price  of  the  Company’s  products.    Either  of  these  factors  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s 
profitability.    While  it  is  generally  the  case  that  once  the  Company  receives  a  purchase  order  for  products  of  a  particular  vehicle 
program it  would continue to supply those products until the end of such  program, customers could cease to source their production 
requirements from the Company for  a variety of reasons, including the Company’s refusal to accept demands for price reductions  or 
other concessions. 

Material Prices 

Prices for key raw materials and commodities used in parts production, particularly aluminum, steel, resin, paints, chemicals and other 
raw materials, as well as energy prices, have proven to be volatile at certain times. Martinrea has attempted to mitigate its exposure to 
price increases of key commodities, particularly steel and aluminum (through participation in steel resale programs or price adjustment 
mechanisms);  however,  to  the  extent  the  Company  is  unable  to  fully  do  so  through  engineering  products  with  reduced  commodity 
content,  by  passing  commodity  price  increases  to  customers  or  otherwise,  such  additional  commodity  costs  could  have  a  material 
adverse  effect  on  profitability.  Increased  energy  prices  also  impact  on  production  or  transportation  costs  which  in  turn  could  affect 
competitiveness. 

Outsourcing and Insourcing Trends 

The Company is dependent on the outsourcing of components, modules and assemblies by OEMs. The extent of OEM outsourcing is 
influenced  by  a  number  of  factors,  including  relative  cost,  quality  and  timeliness  of  production  by  suppliers  as  compared  to  OEMs, 
capacity  utilization,  and labour  relations among  OEMs,  their  employees and  unions. As  a result  of any  favourable terms  in  collective 
bargaining agreements which may lower cost structures, OEMs may insource some production which had previously been outsourced, 
or  not  outsource  production  which  may  otherwise  be  outsourced  at  some  point.  Outsourcing  of  some  assembly  is  particularly 
dependent on the degree of unutilized capacity at the OEMs’ own assembly facilities, in addition to the foregoing factors. A reduction in 

Page 20 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
outsourcing  by  OEMs,  or  the  loss  of  any  material  production  or  assembly  programs  coupled  with  the  failure  to  secure  alternative 
programs with sufficient volumes and margins, could have a material adverse effect on profitability. 

Product Warranty, Recall and Liability Risk 

Automobile  manufacturers  are  increasingly  requesting  that  each  of  their  suppliers  bear  the  costs  of  the  repair  and  replacement  of 
defective  products  which  are  either  covered  under  an  automobile  manufacturer’s  warranty  or  are  the  subject  of  a  recall  by  the 
automobile manufacturer and which were improperly designed, manufactured or assembled by their suppliers. The obligation to repair 
or replace such parts, or a requirement to participate in a product recall, could have an adverse effect on the Company’s operations and 
financial condition.   

Product Development and Technological Change 

The  automotive  industry  is  characterized  by  rapid  technological  change  and  frequent  new  product  introductions.  Price  pressure 
downward  by  customers  and  unavoidable  price  increases  from  suppliers  can  have  an  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  profitability.  
Accordingly,  the  Company  believes  that  its  future  success  depends  upon  its  ability  to  enhance  manufacturing  techniques  offering 
enhanced  performance  and  functionality  at  competitive  prices,  and  delivering  lightweighting  and  other  products  that  will  enable  it  to 
continue to have content on the cars of the future (including for example, electric and autonomous vehicles). The Company’s inability, 
for technological or other reasons, to enhance operations in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions or customer 
requirements  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  results  of  operations.  The  ability  of  the  Company  to  compete 
successfully  will  depend  in  large  measure  on  its  ability  to  maintain  a  technically  competent  workforce  and  to  adapt  to  technological 
changes  and  advances  in  the  industry,  including  providing  for  the  continued  compatibility  of  its  products  with  evolving  industry 
standards and protocols. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in its efforts in these respects.  

Dependence Upon Key Personnel 

The success of the Company is dependent on the services of a number of the members of its senior management. The experience and 
talents of these individuals will be a significant factor in the Company’s continued success and growth. The loss of one or more of these 
individuals without adequate replacement measures could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and business 
prospects. The Company does not currently maintain key man insurance. 

Limited Financial Resources/Uncertainty of Future Financing/Banking 

The Company is engaged in a capital-intensive business and its financial resources are less than the financial resources of some of its 
competitors. There can be no assurance that, if, as and when the Company seeks additional equity or debt financing, the Company will 
be able to obtain the additional financial resources required to successfully compete in its markets on favourable commercial terms or 
at all.  Additional equity financings may result in substantial dilution to existing shareholders.   

Acquisitions 

The Company has acquired and anticipates that it will continue to acquire complementary businesses, assets, technologies, services or 
products.  The completion of such transactions poses additional risks to the Company’s business.  The benefit to the Company of 
previous and future acquisitions is highly dependent on the Company’s ability to integrate the acquired businesses and their 
technologies, employees and products into the Company, and the Company may incur costs associated with integrating and 
rationalizing the facilities (some of which may need to be closed in the future).  The Company cannot be certain that it will successfully 
integrate acquired businesses or that acquisitions will ultimately benefit the Company.  Any failure to successfully integrate businesses 
or failure of the businesses to benefit the Company could have a material adverse effect on its business and results of operations.  
Such transactions may also result in additional dilution to the Company’s shareholders or increased debt.  Such transactions may 
involve partners, and the formula for determining contractual sale provisions may be subject to a variety of factors that may not be 
easily quantified or estimated until the time of sale (such as market conditions and determining fair market value). 

Potential Rationalization Costs and Turnaround Costs 

The  Company  has  incurred  restructuring  costs  over  the  past  several  years.    In  response  to  the  increasingly  competitive  automotive 
industry  conditions,  it  is  likely  that  the  Company  will  continue  to  rationalize  some  production  facilities.  In  the  course  of  such 
rationalization,  restructuring costs related to  plant  closings  or alterations,  relocations and  employee severance costs will be incurred. 
Such  costs  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  short-term  profitability.  In  addition,  while  the  Company’s  goal  is  for  every  plant  to  be 
profitable, there is no assurance this will occur, which will likely result in a rationalizing or closing of the plant. Martinrea is working to 
turn around any financially underperforming divisions, however, there is no guarantee that it will be successful in doing so with respect 
to some or all such divisions.  The continued underperformance of one or more operating divisions could have a material adverse effect 
on the Company’s profitability and operations.   

Page 21 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Launch and Operational Costs 

The  launch  of  new  business,  in  an  existing  or  new  facility,  is  a  complex  process,  the  success  of  which  depends  on  a  wide  range  of 
factors,  including  the  production  readiness  of  the  Company  and  its  suppliers,  as  well  as  factors  related  to  tooling,  equipment, 
employees, initial product quality and other factors.  A failure to successfully launch material new or takeover business could have an 
adverse effect on profitability.  Significant launch costs were incurred by the Company in recent years. 

The Company’s manufacturing processes are vulnerable to operational problems that can impair its ability to manufacture its products 
in  a  timely  manner.    The  Company’s  facilities  contain  complex  and  sophisticated  machines  that  are  used  in  its  manufacturing 
processes.  The Company has in the past experienced equipment failures and could experience equipment failure in the future due to 
wear and tear, design error or operator error, among other things, which could have an adverse effect on profitability.   

Potential Volatility of Share Prices 

The  market  price  of  the  Company’s  common  shares  has  been,  and  will  likely  continue  to  be,  subject  to  significant  fluctuations  in 
response to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. These fluctuations may be exaggerated if the trading 
volume of the common shares is low. In addition, due to the evolving nature of its business, the market price of the common shares 
may fall dramatically in response to a variety of factors, including quarter-to-quarter variations in operating results, the gain or loss of 
significant contracts, announcements of technological or competitive developments by the Company or its competitors, acquisitions or 
entry  into  strategic  alliances  by  the  Company  or  its  competitors,  the  gain  or  loss  of  a  significant  customer  or  strategic  relationship, 
changes  in  estimates  of  the  Company’s  financial  performance,  changes  in  recommendations  from  securities  analysts  regarding  the 
Company,  the  industry  or  its  customers’  industries,  litigation  involving  the  Company  or  its  officers  and  general  market  or  economic 
conditions. 

Changes in Laws and Governmental Regulations  

A  significant  change  in  the  regulatory  environment  in  which  the  Company  currently  carries  on  business  could  adversely  affect  the 
Company’s operations.  The Company’s operations could be adversely impacted by significant changes in tariffs and duties imposed on 
its products, particularly significant changes to NAFTA, the CPTPP, or the adoption of domestic preferential purchasing policies in other 
jurisdictions, particularly the United States such as increased tariffs or investigations relating to anti-dumping.  In addition, the Company 
could  be  exposed  to  increased  customs  audits  due  to  governmental  policy  which  could  lead  to  additional  administrative  burden  and 
costs. 

Labour Relations Matters 

The Company  has  a significant number  of its employees subject to collective bargaining agreements, as do many of the  Company’s 
customers and suppliers.  To date, the Company has had no material labour relations disputes.  However, production may be affected 
by work stoppages and labour-related disputes (including labour disputes of the Company’s customers and suppliers), whether in the 
context  of  potential  restructuring  or  in  connection  with  negotiations  undertaken  to  ensure  a  division’s  competitiveness,  or  otherwise, 
which may not be resolved in the Company’s favour and which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations.  The 
Company cannot predict whether and when any labour disruption may arise or how long such disruption could last.  A significant labour 
disruption  could  lead  to  a  lengthy  shutdown  of  the  Company  or  its  customers’  or  suppliers’  facilities  or  production  lines,  which  could 
have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and profitability. 

Litigation and Regulatory Compliance and Investigations 

The Company has been and is involved in litigation from time to time and has received, in the past, letters from third parties alleging 
claims and claims have been made against it including those described under “Legal Proceedings” in the AIF.  Although litigation claims 
may ultimately prove to be without merit, they can be time-consuming and expensive to defend.  There can be no assurance that third 
parties  will  not  assert  claims  against  the  Company  in  the  future  or  that  any  such  assertion  will  not  result  in  costly  litigation,  or  a 
requirement that the Company enter into costly settlement arrangements.  There can be no assurance that such arrangements will be 
available  on  reasonable  terms,  or  at  all.    Due  to  the  inherent  uncertainties  of  litigation,  it  is  not  possible  to  predict  the  outcome  or 
determine the amount of any potential losses or the success of any claim or of any law suit referenced under “Legal Proceedings” in the 
AIF and any other claims to which the Company may be subject. In addition, there is no assurance that the Company will be successful 
in  a  litigation  matter.    Any  of  these  events  may  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  business,  financial  condition  and 
results of operations.  See “Legal Proceedings” in the AIF.  The Company’s policy is to comply with all applicable laws.  However, the 
Company or its directors and officers may also be subject to regulatory risk in the markets in which it operates (for example, antitrust 
and  competition  regulatory  authorities,  tax  authorities,  anti-bribery  and  corruption  authorities,  cybersecurity  risk).    Regulatory 
investigations,  if  any,  can  continue  for  several  years,  and  depending  on  the  jurisdiction  and  type  of  proceeding  can  result  in 
administrative or civil or criminal penalties that could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability or operations (even 
where  the  Company  or  any  of  its  officers  or  directors  is  innocent,  investigations  can  be  expensive  to  defend).    Additionally,  the 
Company could be subject to other consequences including reputational  damage,  which could have a material adverse effect on the 
Company. 

Page 22 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency Risk - Hedging 

A  substantial  portion  of  the  Company’s  revenues  are  now,  and  are  expected  to  continue  to  be,  realized  in  currencies  other  than 
Canadian dollars, primarily the U.S. dollar. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and such other currencies 
may have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations.  To date, the Company has engaged in some hedging activities to 
mitigate the risk of identified exchange rate exposures.  To the extent the Company may seek to implement more substantial hedging 
techniques  in  the  future  with  respect  to  its  foreign  currency  transactions,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Company  will  be 
successful in such hedging activities.  

Currency Risk – Competitiveness in Certain Jurisdictions 

The appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar (and other currencies) may negatively affect the competitiveness of the 
Company’s  Canadian  operations  in  this  respect  against  the  operations  in  the  U.S.  and  Mexico,  as  well  as  other  jurisdictions,  of 
competitors and the operations of the Company in those jurisdictions. As a result of a Canadian dollar appreciation the Company may 
move some existing work to the U.S. or Mexico, or may source work to U.S. or Mexican divisions as opposed to Canadian divisions, in 
order for the Company to remain or become competitive. Any work shifts may entail significant restructuring and other costs as work is 
shifted, as Canadian plants are consolidated, downsized or closed, or as plants in the U.S. or Mexico are expanded.   

Fluctuations in Operating Results 

The  Company’s  operating  results  have  been  and  are  expected  to  continue  to  be  subject  to  quarterly  and  other  fluctuations  due  to  a 
variety  of  factors  including  changes  in  purchasing  patterns,  production  schedules  of  customers  (which  tend  to  include  a  shutdown 
period  in  each  of  July  and  December),  pricing  policies,  launch  costs,  or  operational  (or  equipment  or  systems)  failures,  or  product 
introductions  by  competitors.  This  could  affect  the  Company’s  ability  to  finance  future  activities.    Operations  could  also  be  adversely 
affected by general economic downturns or limitations on spending. 

Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls and Procedures  

Inadequate  disclosure  controls  or  ineffective  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  could  result  in  an  increased  risk  of  material 
misstatements in the financial reporting and public disclosure record of the Company.  Inadequate controls could also result in system 
downtime, give rise to litigation or regulatory investigation, fraud or the inability of the Company to continue its business as presently 
constituted.    The  Company  has designed and  implemented a system  of  internal  controls  and a variety  of policies  and procedures  to 
provide reasonable assurance that material misstatements in the financial reporting and public disclosures are prevented and detected 
and  corrected  on  a  timely  basis  and  other  business  risks  are  mitigated.    In  accordance  with  the  guidelines  adopted  in  Canada,  the 
Company  assesses  the  effectiveness  of  its  internal  and  disclosure  controls  using  a  top-down,  risk-based  approach  in  which  both 
qualitative  and  quantitative  measures  are  considered.    An  internal  control  system,  no  matter  how  well  conceived  and  operated,  can 
provide  only  reasonable  – not absolute –  assurance to management and the Board regarding  achievement of intended results.  The 
Company’s current system of internal and disclosure controls also places reliance on key personnel across the Company to perform a 
variety  of  control  functions  including  key  reviews,  analysis,  reconciliations  and monitoring.    The  failure  of  individuals  to  perform  such 
functions or properly implement the controls as designed could adversely impact results. 

Environmental Regulation 

The  Company  is  subject  to  a  variety  of  environmental  regulations  by  the  federal,  provincial  and  municipal  authorities  in  Canada,  the 
United  States,  Mexico,  South  America,  Europe  and  China  that  govern,  among  other  things,  soil,  surface  water  and  groundwater 
contamination; the generation, storage, handling, use, disposal and transportation of hazardous materials; the emission and discharge 
of materials, including greenhouse gases, into the environment; and health and safety.  If the Company fails to comply with these laws, 
regulations  or  permits,  the  Company  could  be  fined  or  otherwise  sanctioned  by  regulators  or  become  subject  to  litigation.  
Environmental  and  pollution  control  laws,  regulations  and  permits,  and  the  enforcement  thereof,  change  frequently,  have  tended  to 
become more stringent over time and may necessitate substantial capital expenditures or operating costs.  Environmental regulation in 
any one jurisdiction in which the Company operates may impact the business of the Company to the extent that jurisdiction becomes 
less  competitive.    In  addition  to  the  foregoing,  the  Company  may  also  incur  costs  and  expenses  resulting  from  environmental 
compliance,  such  as  any  changes  to  facilities  to  address  physical,  health  and  safety  or  regulatory  constraints,  repair  or  rebuilding 
facilities  impacted  by  adverse  weather  events,  or  research  and  development  activities  related  to  more  environmentally  efficient 
operations and processes, as well as other potential costs.    (See also “Financial Viability of Suppliers” in the AIF.) 

Under certain environmental requirements, the Company could be responsible for costs relating to any contamination at the Company’s 
or a predecessor entity’s current or former owned or operated properties or third-party waste-disposal sites, even if the Company was 
not at fault.   In addition to potentially significant investigation and cleanup costs, contamination can give rise to third-party claims for 
fines or penalties, natural resource damages, personal injury or property damage. 

The Company’s customers are also under pressure to meet tighter emissions regulations, reduce fuel consumption and act with more 
environmental responsibility, which may impact the Company’s business and operations.  

Page 23 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s operations may also be impacted by any environmental policies at any of its customers or suppliers to the extent that it 
affects production or volumes.   

The Company cannot provide assurances that the Company’s costs, liabilities and obligations or any resulting impact on its revenues 
due to customer requirements or changes in supply chain requirements relating to environmental matters (or any issues that may arise 
as a result of its customers’ or suppliers’ own environmental compliance, including any environmental compliance or trends that may 
impact their businesses) will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations 
and cash flow.  

A Shift Away from Technologies in Which the Company is Investing 

The Company continues to invest in technology and innovation which the Company believes will be critical to its long-term growth.  The 
Company’s ability to anticipate changes in technology and to successfully develop and introduce new and enhanced products and/or 
manufacturing processes on a timely basis will be a significant factor in its ability to remain competitive.  If there is a shift away from the 
use of technologies in which the Company is investing, its costs may not be fully recovered.  In addition, the Company may be placed at 
a  competitive  disadvantage  if  other  technologies  in  which  the  investment  is  not  as  great,  or  the  Company’s  expertise  is  not  as 
developed, emerge as the industry-leading technologies.  This could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability and 
financial condition. 

Competition with Low Cost Countries 

The  competitive  environment  in  the  automotive  industry  has  intensified  as  customers  seek  to  take  advantage  of  low  wage  costs  in 
China, Korea, Thailand, India, Brazil and other low cost countries. As a result, there is potentially increased competition from suppliers 
that  have manufacturing operations  in low  cost countries.    The  loss  of any  significant  production  contract to a competitor  in  low  cost 
countries  or  significant  costs  and  risks  incurred  to  enter  and  carry  on  business  in  these  countries  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on 
profitability. 

The Company’s ability to shift its manufacturing footprint to take advantage of opportunities in growing markets 

Many of the Company’s customers have sought, and will likely continue to seek to take advantage of lower operating costs and/or other 
advantages  in  China,  India,  Brazil,  Russia  and  other  growing  markets.    While  the  Company  continues  to  expand  its  manufacturing 
footprint with a view to taking advantage of manufacturing opportunities in some of these markets, the Company cannot guarantee that 
it  will  be  able  to  fully  realize  such  opportunities.    The  inability  to  quickly  adjust  its  manufacturing  footprint  to  take  advantage  of 
manufacturing opportunities in these markets could harm its ability to compete with other suppliers operating in or from such markets, 
which could have an adverse effect on its profitability. 

Risks of conducting business in foreign countries, including China, Brazil and other growing markets 

The  Company  has  or  may  establish  foreign  manufacturing,  assembly,  product  development,  engineering  and  research  and 
development operations in foreign countries, including in Europe, China and Brazil.  International operations are subject to certain risks 
inherent in doing business abroad, including: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

political, civil and economic instability; 
corruption risks; 
trade, customs and tax risks; 
currency exchange rates and currency controls;  
limitations on the repatriation of funds; 
insufficient infrastructure; 
restrictions on exports, imports and foreign investment; 
increases in working capital requirements related to long supply chains; 
difficulty in protecting intellectual property rights; and  
different and challenging legal systems. 

Expanding  the  Company’s  business  in  growing  markets  is  an  important  element  of  its  strategy  and,  as  a  result,  the  Company’s 
exposure to the risks described above may be greater in the future.  The likelihood of such occurrences and their potential effect on the 
Company  vary  from  country  to  country  and  are  unpredictable,  however  any  such  occurrences  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company’s profitability. 

Potential Tax Exposures 

The Company may incur losses in some countries which it may not be able to fully or partially offset against income the Company has 
earned in those countries.  In some cases, the Company may not be able to utilize these losses at all if the Company cannot generate 
profits in those countries and/or if the Company has ceased conducting business in those countries altogether.  The Company’s inability 
to  utilize  material  tax  losses  could  materially  adversely  affect  its  profitability.    At  any  given  time,  the  Company  may  face  other  tax 

Page 24 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
exposures arising out of changes in tax laws, tax reassessments or otherwise. The taxation system and regulatory environment in some 
of  the  jurisdictions  in  which  the  Company  operates  are  characterized  by  numerous  indirect  taxes  and  frequently  changing  legislation 
subject to various interpretations by the various regulatory authorities and jurisdictions that are empowered to impose significant fines, 
penalties and interest charges. The Company’s subsidiary in Brazil is currently being assessed by the State of Sao Paulo tax authorities 
for  certain  value  added  tax  credits  claimed.    Although  the  Company  believes  that  it  has  complied  in  all  material  respects  with  the 
legislation in Brazil and has obtained legal advice to such effect there is no assurance that the Company will be successful with respect 
to such assessment (see Note 21 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017). To the 
extent the Company cannot implement measures to offset this and other tax exposures, it may have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s profitability. 

Change in the Company’s mix of earnings between jurisdictions with lower tax rates and those with higher tax rates. 

The  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  varies  in  each  country  in  which  it  conducts  business.    Changes  in  its  mix  of  earnings  between 
jurisdictions with lower tax rates and those with higher tax rates could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability. 

Pension Plans and other post employment benefits 

The  Company’s  pension  plans  acquired  as  a  result  of  the  acquisition  of  the  North  American  body  and  chassis  business  of 
ThyssenKrupp  Budd  in  2006  (the  “TKB  Acquisition”)  had  an  aggregate  funding  deficiency  as  at  the  latest  measurement  date  of 
December 31, 2017, based on an actuarial estimate for financial reporting.  The unfunded liability at December 31, 2017, on a solvency 
basis  which  currently  represents  the  basis  for  annual  pension  funding,  is  significant.    Based  on  current  interest  rates,  benefits  and 
projected  investment  returns,  the  Company  is  obligated  to  fund  some  amounts  in  2018  and  beyond.    A  significant  portion  of  the 
estimated funding is expected to be a payment towards the reduction of the unfunded liabilities.  The unfunded liability could increase 
due to a decline in interest rates, investment returns at less than the actuarial assumptions, or changes to the governmental regulations 
governing  funding  and  other  factors.    The  Company  could  be  adversely  affected  by  the  resulting  increases  in  annual  funding 
obligations.  See also Note 12 (“Pension and Other Post Retirement Benefits”) to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for 
the year ended December 31, 2017, which reflects the financial position of the Company’s defined benefit pension plan and other post-
employment benefit plans at December 31, 2017.   

The Company provides certain post-employment benefits to certain of its retirees acquired as a result of the TKB Acquisition.  These 
benefits  include  drug  and  hospitalization  coverage.    The  Company  does  not  pre-fund  these  obligations.    At  December  31,  2017,  the 
unfunded actuarial liability for these obligations was significant.  Expected benefit payments for 2018 and beyond are significant. The 
Company’s  obligation  for  these  benefits  could  increase  in  the  future  due  to  a  number  of  factors  including  changes  in  interest  rates, 
changes  to  the  collective  bargaining  agreements,  increasing    costs  for  these  benefits,  particularly  drugs,  and  any  transfer  of  costs 
currently  borne  by  government  to  the  Company.    The  Company  has  in  the  past  negotiated  changes  to  its  post-employment  benefits 
package in several of its facilities with its employees, in conjunction with the applicable union for the facility, setting maximum limits on 
future post-employment benefits payments.  The Company may negotiate similar arrangements in future in respect of such benefits at 
other facilities, as applicable. See also Note 12 (“Pension and Other Post Retirement Benefits”) to the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  which  reflect  the  financial  position  of  the  Company’s  post-employment  benefits 
other than pension plans at December 31, 2017. 

Impairment Charges 

The  Company  may  take,  in  the  future,  significant  impairment  charges,  including  charges  related  to  long-lived  assets.    The  early 
termination, loss, renegotiation of the terms of, or delay in the implementation of, any significant production contract could be indicators 
of  impairment.    In  addition,  to  the  extent  that  forward-looking  assumptions  regarding:  the  impact  of  turnaround  plans  on 
underperforming  operations;  new  business  opportunities;  program  price  and  cost  assumptions  on  current  and  future  business;  the 
timing and success of new program launches; and forecast production volumes, are not met, any resulting impairment loss could have 
a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability.   

Cybersecurity Threats 

The  reliability  and  security  of  the  Company’s  information  technology  (IT)  systems  is  important  to  the  Company’s  business  and 
operations.  Although the Company has established and continues to enhance security controls intended to protect the Company’s IT 
systems  and  infrastructure,  there  is  no  guarantee  that  such  security  measures  will  be  effective  in  preventing  unauthorized  physical 
access  or  cyber-attacks.    A  significant  breach  of  the  Company’s  IT  systems  could,  among  other  things,  cause  disruptions  in  the 
Company’s manufacturing  operations (such  as operational  delays  from  production  downtime,  inability  to manage the  supply  chain  or 
produce product for customers, disruptions in inventory management), lead to the loss, destruction, corruption or inappropriate use of 
sensitive data, including employee information, result in lost revenues due to theft of funds or due to a disruption of activities, including 
remediation  costs,  or  from  litigation,  fines  and  liability  or  higher  insurance  premiums,  the  costs  of  maintaining  security  and  effective 
information technology systems, which could negatively affect results of operations and the potential adverse impact of changing laws 
and  regulations  related  to  cybersecurity  or  result  in  theft  of  the  Company’s  or  its  customers’,  or  suppliers’  intellectual  property  or 
confidential information.  If any of the foregoing events (or other events related to cybersecurity) occurs, the Company may be subject 
to  a  number  of  consequences,  including  reputational  damage,  a  diminished  competitive  advantage  and  negative  impacts  on  future 
opportunities which could have a material adverse effect on the Company.  

Page 25 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends 

The  declaration  and  payment  of  dividends,  including  the  dividend  rate,  is  subject  to  the  Board’s  discretion  taking  into  account  the 
Company’s  cash  flow,  capital  requirements,  financial  condition  and  other  factors  the  Board  considers  relevant.  These  factors  are,  in 
turn,  subject  to  various  risks,  including  the  risk  factors  set  out  above.  While  the  Company  aims  to  pay  a  consistent  dividend  and 
increase the dividend rate over time, the Company’s Board may in certain circumstances determine that it is in the best interests of the 
Company to reduce or suspend the dividend. In such event, the trading price of the Common Shares of the Company may be materially 
affected. 

DISCLOSURE OF OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA  

As at March 1, 2018, the Company had 86,745,834 common shares outstanding.  The Company’s common shares constitute its only 
class of voting securities.  As at March 1, 2018, options to acquire 1,844,450 common shares were outstanding. 

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND OFF BALANCE SHEET FINANCING 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had contractual obligations requiring annual payments as follows (all figures in thousands):  

Purchase obligations (i) 
Long-term debt 
Lease commitments 
Total contractual obligations 

Less than 1 
year 
412,116 
24,795 
34,735 
471,646 

1-2 years 

2-3 years 

3-4 years 

4-5 years 

2,007 
11,211 
32,005 
45,223 

1,976 
566,296 
27,139 
595,411 

31 
12,180 
22,379 
34,590 

- 
39,535 
18,566 
58,101 

Thereafter 
- 
- 
75,365 
75,365 

Total 
416,130 
654,017 
210,189 
1,280,336 

(i) 

Purchase  obligations  consist  of  those  related  to  inventory,  services,  tooling  and  fixed  assets  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
business. 

The  Company  has  negotiated  tool  financing  facilities  that  provide  direct  financing  for  specific  programs.    The  tool  financing  program 
involves a third party that provides tooling suppliers with financing subject to a Company guarantee.  Payments from the third party to 
the tooling supplier are approved by the Company prior to the funds being advanced.  The amounts loaned to tooling suppliers through 
this  financing  arrangement  do  not  appear  on  the  Company's  balance  sheet.    At  December  31,  2017,  the  amount  of  the  off  balance 
sheet program financing was $75.2 million representing the maximum amount of undiscounted future payments the Company could be 
required  to  make  under  the  guarantee.    The  Company  would  be  required  to  perform  under  the  guarantee  in  cases  where  a  tooling 
supplier  could  not  meet  its  obligation  to  the  third  party.    Since  the  amount  advanced  to  the  tooling  supplier  is  required  to  be  repaid 
generally  when  the  Company  receives  reimbursement  from  the  final  customer,  and  at  this  point  the  Company  will  in  turn  repay  the 
tooling supplier, the Company views the likelihood of a tooling supplier default as remote.  Moreover, if such an instance were to occur, 
the Company would obtain the tool inventory as collateral.  The term of the guarantee will vary from program to program, but typically 
ranges between 6-18 months. 

Hedge Accounting 

The  Company  uses  some  portion  of  its  US  denominated  long-term  debt  to  manage  foreign  exchange  rate  exposures  on  net 
investments  made  in  certain  US  operations.  At  the  inception  of  a  hedging  relationship,  the  Company  designates  and  formally 
documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, the risk management objective, and the strategy for 
undertaking the hedge. The documentation identifies the specific net investment that is being hedged, the risk that is being hedged, the 
type of hedging instrument used and how effectiveness will be assessed.  

At  inception  and  at  every  quarter  end  thereafter,  the  Company  formally  assesses  the  effectiveness  of  these  net  investment  hedges.  
The change in fair value of the hedging US debt is recorded, to the extent effective, directly in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). 
These amounts will be recognized in earnings as and when the corresponding Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) from 
the hedged foreign operations is recognized in net earnings. 

Page 26 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Instruments 

The  Company  periodically  utilizes  certain  financial  instruments,  principally  forward  currency  exchange  contracts,  to  manage  the  risk 
associated  with  fluctuations  in  currency  exchange  rates.    It  is  the  Company's  policy  to  not  utilize  financial  instruments  for  trading  or 
speculative  purposes.    Forward  currency  exchange  contracts  are  used  to  reduce  the  impact  of  fluctuating  exchange  rates  on  the 
Company's foreign denominated sales and the Company’s purchases of materials and equipment.  Gains and losses on forward foreign 
exchange contracts are reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the same period as the hedged item.  In the event that a 
hedged item is sold or cancelled prior to the termination of the related hedging item, any unrealized gain or loss on the hedging item is 
immediately recognized in income. 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had committed to the following foreign exchange contracts: 

Currency 

Sell Canadian Dollars 
Buy Mexican Peso 

Amount of U.S. 
dollars 

  Weighted average 
exchange rate of 
U.S. dollars 

Maximum period in 
months 

$ 
$ 

20,000   
30,468   

1.2835   
19.3319   

1 
2 

The aggregate value of these forward contracts as at December 31, 2017 was a pre-tax loss of $0.1 million and was recorded in trade 
and other payables (December 31, 2016 - loss of $0.2 million). 

INVESTMENTS 

During the third quarter of 2017, the Company acquired 5.5 million common shares in NanoXplore Inc., a publicly listed company on the 
TSX Venture Exchange trading under the ticker symbol GRA, for a total of $2.5 million through a private placement offering. As part of 
the  transaction  to  acquire  the  common  shares,  the  Company  also  received  warrants  entitling  the  Company  to  acquire  up  to  an 
additional 2.75 million common shares in NanoXplore at a price of $0.70 per share for a period of up to two years after issuance.  

NanoXplore  is  a  graphene  company,  a  manufacturer  and  supplier  of  high  volume  graphene  powder  for  use  in  industrial  markets 
providing customers with a range of graphene-based solutions under the heXo-G brand, including graphene powder, graphene plastic 
masterbatch  pellets,  and  graphene-enhanced  polymers.  The  company  has  its  headquarters  and  graphene  production  facility  in 
Montreal, Quebec.  

The initial purchase price of $2.5 million was allocated to the common shares and warrants acquired based on their relative fair values 
at the time of issuance resulting in $2.2 million being initially allocated to the common shares and $0.3 million to the warrants.  

The warrants in NanoXplore represent derivative instruments and are fair valued at the end of each reporting period using the Black-
Scholes valuation model, with the change in fair value recorded through profit or loss. As at December 31, 2017, the warrants had a fair 
value of $4.0 million resulting in an unrealized gain of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, which is recorded in Other 
finance income (expense) in the consolidated statement of operations. The table below summarizes the assumptions used in valuing 
the warrants using the Black-Scholes valuation model as at the acquisition date and December 31, 2017: 

Expected volatility 
Risk free interest rate 
Expected life (years) 

Acquisition 
76.29% 
1.31% 
2 

December 31, 2017 
76.68% 
1.68% 
2 

The acquired common shares in NanoXplore have been classified as available-for-sale for reporting purposes. As such, the common 
shares are recorded at their fair value at the end of each reporting period based on publicly quoted prices, with the change in fair value 
recorded  in  Other  comprehensive  income  (loss).  As  at  December  31,  2017,  the  common  shares  had  a  fair  value  of  $11.3  million 
resulting in an unrealized gain of $9.1 million ($8.0 million net of tax) for the year ended December 31, 2017.  

Page 27 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES AND INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING  

Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  material  information  required  to  be  publicly 
disclosed by a public company is gathered and reported to senior management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the 
Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), on a timely basis so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure.  An evaluation 
of  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  was  conducted  as  of  December  31,  2017,  based  on  the 
criteria  set  forth  in  the  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the 
Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”)  by  and  under  the  supervision  of  the  Company’s  management,  including  the  CEO  and  the  CFO.  
Based on this evaluation, the CEO and the CFO have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in 
National Instrument 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings of the Canadian Securities Administrators) 
are  effective  in  providing  reasonable  assurance  that  material  information  relating  to  the  Company  is  made  known  to  them  and 
information  required  to  be  disclosed  by  the  Company  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods 
specified in such legislation.   

Under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, the Company has designed internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in National 
Instrument  52-109)  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.  The Company’s management team used COSO to design the Company’s 
internal controls over financial reporting.   

The  CEO  and  CFO  have  caused  an  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  as  of  
December 31, 2017.  This evaluation included documentation activities, management inquiries, tests of controls and other reviews as 
deemed  appropriate  by  management  in  consideration  of  the  size  and  nature  of  the  Company’s  business  including  those  matters 
described above.  Based on that evaluation the CEO and the CFO concluded that the design and operating effectiveness of internal 
controls  over  financial  reporting  was  effective  as  at  December  31,  2017  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS. 

It is important to understand that there are inherent limitations of internal controls as stated  within COSO. Internal controls no matter 
how  well  designed  and  operated  can  only  provide  reasonable  assurance  to  management  and  the  Board  of  Directors  regarding 
achievement  of  an  entity’s  objectives.    A  system  of  controls,  no  matter  how  well  designed,  has  inherent  limitations,  including  the 
possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls or procedures. As a result, there is no certainty that an 
organization's  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  or  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  will  prevent  all  errors  or  all  fraud.  Even 
disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting determined to be effective can only provide reasonable 
assurance of achieving their control objectives.  

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2017 that 
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.   

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES  

The  preparation  of  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that 
affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.  
The discussion below describes the Company’s significant policies and procedures. 

The  Company’s  management  bases  its  estimates  on  historical  experience  and  various  other  assumptions  that  are  believed  to  be 
reasonable  in  the  circumstances,  the  results  of  which  form  the  basis  for  making  judgments  about  the  reported  amounts  of  assets, 
liabilities, revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources.  On an ongoing basis, management evaluates these 
estimates.  However, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. In making and evaluating 
its estimates, management also considers economic conditions generally and in the automotive industry in particular, which have more 
recently been very different from historical patterns, as well as industry trends and the risks and uncertainties involved in its business 
that could materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent  from other 
sources.  See “Automotive Industry Highlights and Trends” in the Company’s AIF and “Risks and Uncertainties” above.  

Management  believes  that  the  accounting  estimates  discussed  below  are  critical  to  the  Company’s  business  operations  and  an 
understanding  of  its  results  of  operations  or  may  involve  additional  management  judgment  due  to  the  sensitivity  of  the  methods  and 

Page 28 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
assumptions  necessary  in  determining  the  related  asset,  liability,  revenue  and  expense  amounts.    Management  has  discussed  the 
development  and  selection  of  the  following  critical  accounting  estimates  with  the  Audit  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  and  the 
Audit Committee has reviewed its disclosure relating to critical accounting estimates in this MD&A.   

Revenue Recognition on Separately Priced Tooling Contracts  

Revenue  from  tooling  contracts  is  recognized  at  the  date  on  which  the  Company  transfers  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of 
ownership to the buyer and retains neither continuing managerial involvement nor effective control over the goods sold. This generally 
corresponds  to  when  the  tool  is  inspected  and  accepted  by  the  Customer,  which  is  typically  defined  as  the  PPAP  (production  part 
approval process or customer acceptance) date.  Under tooling contracts, the related sale could be paid in full upon completion of the 
contract, or in installments. 

Revenue and cost of sales from tooling contracts are presented on a gross basis in the consolidated statements of operations. 

Tooling contract prices are generally fixed; however, price changes, change orders and program cancellations may affect the ultimate 
amount  of  revenue  recorded  with  respect  to  a  contract.    Contract  costs  are  estimated  at  the  time  of  signing  the  contract  and  are 
reviewed at each reporting date.  Adjustments to the original estimates  of  total contract costs are often required as  work progresses 
under  the  contract  and  as  experience  is  gained,  even  though  the  scope  of  the  work  under  the  contract  may  not  change.    When  the 
current  estimates  of  total  contract  revenue  and  total  contract  costs  indicate  a  loss,  a  provision  for  the  entire  loss  on  the  contract  is 
made.    Factors  that  are  considered  in  arriving  at  the  forecasted  loss  on  a  contract  include,  amongst  others,  cost  over-runs,  non-
reimbursable costs, change orders and potential price changes. 

Intangible Assets 

The  Company’s  intangible  assets  are  comprised  of  customer  contracts  and  relationships  acquired  in  acquisitions  and  development 
costs. 

Customer contracts and relationships are amortized over their estimated economic life of up to 10 years on a straight line basis which 
approximates a basis consistent with the contract value initially established upon acquisition. 

Development costs are capitalized when the Company can demonstrate that: 

 
 
 

it has the intention and the technical and financial resources to complete the development; 
the intangible asset will generate future economic benefits; and 
the cost of the intangible asset can be measured reliably. 

Capitalized  development costs  correspond  to projects  for  specific customer applications  that  draw  on approved generic standards  or 
technologies already applied in production.  These projects are analyzed on a case-by-case basis to ensure they meet the criteria for 
capitalization  as  described  above.    Development  costs  are  subsequently  amortized  over  the  life  of  the  program  from  the  start  of 
production.  Amortization of development costs is recognized in research and development costs in the statements of operations. 

Research  costs,  including  costs  of  market  research  and  new  product  prototyping  during  the  marketing  stage,  are  expensed  in  the 
period in which they are incurred. 

Impairment of Non-financial Assets 

The  carrying  amounts  of  the  Company’s  non-financial  assets,  other  than  inventories  and  deferred  tax  assets,  are  reviewed  at  each 
reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  If  any  such  indication  exists,  then  the  asset’s  recoverable 
amount is estimated. For intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives or that are not yet available for use, the recoverable amount 
is estimated each year at the same time. 

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit (“CGU”) is the greater of its value-in-use and its fair value less costs to sell. 
In  assessing  value  in  use,  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  are  discounted  to  their  present  value  using  a  discount  rate  that  reflects 
current  market  assessments  of  the  time  value  of  money  and  the  risks  specific  to  the  asset.  For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing, 
assets  are  grouped  together  into  the  smallest  group  of  assets  that  generates  cash  inflows  from  continuing  use  that  are  largely 
independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets (CGUs). 

Page 29 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment 
losses are recognized in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognized in respect of CGUs are allocated to the carrying amounts of the 
other assets in the unit (group of units). 

In respect of other assets, impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that 
the  loss  has  decreased  or  no  longer  exists.  An  impairment  loss  is  reversed  if  there  has  been  a  change  in  the  estimates  used  to 
determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed 
the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized. 

Management  believes  that  accounting  estimates  related  to  the  impairment  of  non-financial  assets  and  potential  reversal  are  critical 
accounting  estimates  because:  (i)  they  are  subject  to  significant  measurement  uncertainty  and  are  susceptible  to  change  as 
management  is  required  to  make  forward-looking  assumptions  regarding  the  impact  of  improvement  plans  on  current  operations,  in-
sourcing and other new business opportunities, program price and cost assumptions on current and future business, the timing of new 
program  launches  and  future  forecasted  production  volumes;  and  (ii)  any  resulting  impairment  loss  could  have  a  material  impact  on 
consolidated net income and on the amount of assets reported on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. 

Income Tax Estimates  

The Company is subject to income taxes in numerous jurisdictions where it has foreign operations. Significant judgment is required in 
determining  the  worldwide  provision  for  income  taxes.  There  are  many  transactions  and  calculations  for  which  the  ultimate  tax 
determination is uncertain. The Company recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional 
taxes  will  be  due.  Where  the  final  tax  outcome  of  these  matters  is  different  from  the  amounts  that  were  initially  recorded,  such 
differences will impact the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities in the period in which such determination is made.  

The Company is required to estimate the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The assessment for the recognition of a deferred tax asset 
requires  significant  judgment.  Where  applicable  tax  laws  and  regulations  are  either  unclear  or  subject  to  varying  interpretations,  it  is 
possible  that  changes  in  these  estimates  could  occur  that  materially  affect  the  amounts  of  deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities 
recorded. Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities generally have a direct impact on earnings in the period of changes. Unknown 
future events and circumstances, such as changes in tax rates and laws, may materially affect the assumptions and estimates made 
from one period to the next. Any significant change in events, tax laws, and tax rates beyond the control of the Company may materially 
affect the consolidated financial statements. 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had recorded a net deferred income tax asset in respect of pensions and other post-retirement 
benefits,  loss  carry-forwards  and  other  temporary  differences  of  $59.8  million.  Deferred  tax  assets  in  respect  of  loss  carry-forwards 
relate to legal entities in Canada, the United States, Mexico and Europe. A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax 
credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that they can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed 
at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized. The factors 
used to assess the probability of realization are the Company’s forecast of future taxable income, the pattern and timing of reversals of 
taxable temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax liabilities and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to 
realize the deferred tax assets. The Company has and continues to use tax planning strategies to realize deferred tax assets in order to 
avoid the potential loss of benefits. 

Page 30 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee Future Benefits 

The  Company  provides  pensions  and other  post-employment  benefits including  health care,  dental care and life insurance to  certain 
employees.    The  determination  of  the  obligation  and  expense  for  defined  benefit  pension  plans  and  post-employment  benefits  is 
dependent on the selection of certain assumptions used by the Company’s actuaries in calculating such amounts.  Those assumptions 
are disclosed in Note 12 to the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 the most 
significant of which are the discount rate, and the rate of increase in the cost of health care.  The assumptions are reviewed annually 
and the impact of any changes in the assumptions is reflected in actuarial gains or losses which are recognized in other comprehensive 
income  as  they  arise.    The  significant  actuarial  assumptions  adopted  are  internally  consistent  and  reflect  the  long-term  nature  of 
employee future benefits.  Significant changes in assumptions could materially affect the Company’s employee benefit obligations and 
future expense. 

Deferred Share Unit Plan 

On May 3, 2016, a Deferred Share Unit Plan (the “DSU Plan”) was established as a means of compensating non-executive directors 
and designated employees of the Company and of promoting share ownership and alignment  with the shareholders’ interests.  Non-
executive directors of Martinrea are automatically required to participate in the DSU Plan while employees may be designated from time 
to time to participate, at the sole discretion of the Board of Directors.   

Vesting  conditions  may  be  attached  to  the  DSUs  at  the  Board  of  Directors’  discretion.    To  date,  DSUs  granted  to  directors  vest 
immediately.  DSU plan participants receive additional DSUs equivalent to cash dividends paid on common shares.  DSUs are paid out 
in  cash  upon  termination  of  service,  based  on  their  fair  market  value,  which  is  defined  as  the  average  closing  share  price  of  the 
Company’s common shares for the 20 days preceding the termination date. 

DSUs are considered cash-settled awards.  The fair value of DSUs, at the date of grant to the DSU Plan participants, is recognized as 
compensation  expense  over  the  vesting  period,  with  a  liability  recorded  in  trade  and  other  payables.    In  addition,  the  DSUs  are  fair 
valued  at the  end  of  every  reporting  period  and  at the  settlement  date.    Any  change  in  the  fair  value  of the  liability  is  recognized  as 
compensation expense in income. 

Performance and Restricted Share Unit Plan 

On  November  3,  2016,  as  amended  on  April  28,  2017,  a  Performance  and  Restricted  Share  Unit  Plan  (the  PRSU  Plan”)  was 
established as a means of compensating designated employees of the Company and promoting share ownership and alignment with 
the shareholders’ interest.  Under the PRSU Plan, the Company may grant Restricted Share Units (“RSUs”) and/or Performance Share 
Units (“PSUs”) to its employees.  The Company shall redeem vested RSUs or vested PSUs on their Redemption Date (as specified in 
the PRSU Plan), at the Company’s option, for either common shares or cash.  The RSUs and PSUs are redeemed at their fair value as 
defined by the PRSU Plan; in addition, PSUs must meet the performance criteria specified in the PRSU Plan.  The vesting conditions 
are determined by the Board of Directors or as otherwise provided in the PRSU Plan. 

The  fair  value  of  PSUs  and  RSUs  at  the  date  of  grant  to  the  PRSU  Plan  participants,  determined  using  the  Monte  Carlo  Simulation 
model  in  the  case  of  PSUs,  are  recognized  as  compensation  expense  over  the  vesting  period,  with  a  liability  recorded  in  trade  and 
other payables.  In addition, the RSUs and PSUs are fair valued at the end of every reporting period and at the settlement date.  Any 
change in fair value of the liability is recognized as compensation expense in income. 

Recently adopted accounting standards 

Amendments to IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows 

In January 2016, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows.  The amendments require disclosures that enable 
users of financial statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash 
flows  and  non-cash  changes.    The  Company  adopted  the  amendments  to  IAS  7  effective  January  1,  2017.    The  adoption  of  this 
amended standard resulted in some additional disclosure in note 11 (Long-term debt) of the consolidated financial statements for the 
year ended December 31, 2017. 

Page 31 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recently issued accounting standards 

The IASB issued the following new standards and amendments to existing standards: 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customer 

In May 2014, the IASB issued IFRS 15 which introduces a single model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers except 
leases, financial instruments and insurance contracts.  The core principle of the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to 
depict  the  transfer  of  goods  or  services  to  customers  in  amounts  that  reflect  the  consideration  to  which  the  Company  expects  to  be 
entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  The  new  standard  will also result  in  enhanced  disclosures about revenue,  provide 
guidance  for  transactions  that  were  not  previously  addressed  comprehensively  and  improve  guidance  for  multiple-element 
arrangements.  The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018.   

The Company has completed its assessment of the impact the adoption of IFRS 15 is expected to have on the consolidated financial 
statements.  As part of the assessment, which included consultation with industry peers, the Company analyzed the standard’s impact 
on customer contracts, compared its historical accounting policies and practices to the requirements of the new standard, and identified 
potential differences from the application of the new standard’s requirements. Based on the worked performed, the Company does not 
expect  that  the  adoption  will  have  a  material  impact  on  its  revenues,  results  of  operations  or  financial  position.    As  required  by  the 
standard,  the  Company  expects  to  make  additional  disclosure  related  to  the  nature,  amount,  timing  and  uncertainty  of  revenue  and 
cash flows arising from contracts with customers.   

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments 

In July 2014, the IASB issued the final publication of the IFRS 9 standard. IFRS 9 establishes principles for the reporting of financial 
assets and financial liabilities that will present relevant and useful information to users of financial statements for their assessment of 
the amounts, timing and uncertainty of an entity’s future cash flows. This new standard also includes a new general hedge accounting 
standard  which  will  align  hedge  accounting  more  closely  with  risk  management.  It  does  not  fully  change  the  types  of  hedging 
relationships  or  the  requirement  to  measure  and  recognize  ineffectiveness,  however,  it  will  provide  more  hedging  strategies  that  are 
used  for  risk  management  to  qualify  for  hedge  accounting  and  introduce  more  judgment  to  assess  the  effectiveness  of  a  hedging 
relationship. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with early adoption permitted.   

The Company has assessed the impact of IFRS 9 on the consolidated financial statements and does not expect it to have a material 
impact to the consolidated financial statements. IFRS 9 includes an accounting policy choice between deferring the adoption of the new 
hedge  accounting  standards  under  IFRS  9  and  continuing  with  the  current  IAS  39  hedge  accounting  standards.  The  Company  has 
decided to elect this policy choice.  Revised hedge accounting disclosures that are required by the IFRS 9 related amendments to IFRS 
7 “Financial Instruments: Disclosures” will be addressed upon adoption on January 1, 2018. 

IFRS 16, Leases   

In January 2016, the IASB issued the final publication of IFRS 16, superseding IAS 17, Leases and IFRIC 4, Determining Whether an 
Arrangement Contains a Lease. The standard applies a control model to the identification of leases, distinguishing between leases and 
service contracts on the basis of whether there is an identified asset controlled by the customer. The standard removes the distinction 
between operating and finance leases with assets and liabilities recognized in respect of all leases. The standard is effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019 with early adoption permitted if IFRS 15 has been adopted.  The Company is currently 
assessing the impact of IFRS 16 on the consolidated financial statements. The extent of the impact has not yet been determined.  

Amendments to IFRS 2, Share-Based Payments 

In June 2016, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 2 Share-Based Payment. The amendments provide clarification on how to account 
for certain types of share-based payment transactions. The Company intends to adopt the amendments to IFRS 2 in its consolidated 
financial statements for the annual period beginning January 1, 2018.  The Company has assessed the impact of the amendments to 
IFRS 2 on the consolidated financial statements and does not expect it to have a material impact. 

Page 32 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected Annual Information  

The following table sets forth selected information from the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 
31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

Sales 
Gross Margin 
Operating Income  
Net Income for the period 
Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the Company  
Net Earnings per Share - Basic 
Net Earnings per Share - Diluted 
Non-IFRS Measures*  
Adjusted Operating Income  
% of Sales 
Adjusted EBITDA 
% of Sales 
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Equity Holders of the Company   $ 
$ 
Adjusted Net Earnings per Share - Basic 
$ 
Adjusted Net Earnings per Share - Diluted 
$ 
Total Assets 
$ 
Cash and Cash Equivalents 
$ 
Long-term Debt 
$ 
Dividends Declared 

$ 

2017  

3,690,499  $ 
484,601   
246,624   
159,266   
159,543  $ 
1.84  $ 
1.84  $ 

236,807  $ 

6.4%  
401,493   
10.9%  
165,519  $ 
1.91  $ 
1.91  $ 
2,541,173  $ 
71,193  $ 
654,017  $ 
10,388  $ 

2016  

3,968,407  $ 
432,050   
159,444   
91,961   
92,380  $ 
1.07  $ 
1.07  $ 

197,707  $ 

5.0%  
350,357   
8.8%  

130,085  $ 
1.51  $ 
1.50  $ 
2,468,494  $ 
59,165  $ 
721,403  $ 
10,366  $ 

2015 
3,866,771 
402,232 
161,761 
107,173 
107,030 
1.25 
1.24 

178,870 
4.6% 
317,750 
8.2% 
118,788 
1.38 
1.38 
2,463,928 
28,899 
717,012 
10,336 

The year-over-year trends in the selected information above have been discussed previously in this MD&A, as well as the MD&A from 
December 31, 2016, including the unusual items in Table B under "Adjustments to Net Income".   

*Non-IFRS Measures 

The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  However, the 
Company considers certain non-IFRS financial measures as useful additional information in measuring the financial performance and 
condition of the Company.  These measures, which the Company believes are widely used by investors, securities analysts and other 
interested  parties  in  evaluating  the  Company’s  performance,  do  not  have  a  standardized  meaning  prescribed  by  IFRS  and  therefore 
may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other publicly traded companies, nor should they be construed as an 
alternative to financial measures determined in accordance with IFRS.  Non-IFRS measures include “Adjusted Net Income”, “Adjusted 
Net Earnings per Share (on a basic and diluted basis)”, “Adjusted Operating Income” and "Adjusted EBITDA”. Refer to page 2 and 3 of 
this MD&A for a full reconciliation of the Non-IFRS measures for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and the Company’s 
MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2016, as previously filed and available at www.sedar.com , for a full reconciliation of the Non-
IFRS measures for the year ended December 31, 2015.   

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION 

This MD&A and the documents incorporated by reference therein contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable 
Canadian securities laws including related to the Company’s expectations as to the growth of the Company and pursuit of its strategies, 
the ramping up and launching of new programs, investments in its business, the opportunity to increase sales, the future amount and 
type  of  restructuring  expenses  to  be  expensed  (including  the  expectation  as  to  no  further  restructuring  costs  from  the  Honsel 
acquisition), the financing of future capital expenditures, the Company’s views of the likelihood of tooling and component part supplier 
default, the Company’s ability to capitalize on opportunities in the automotive industry, the Company’s views on its liquidity and ability to 
deal  with  present  economic  conditions,  growth  of  future  sales  or  production  volumes  and  the  payment  of  dividends  as  well  as  other 
forward-looking statements.  The words “continue”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “may”, “will”, “should”, “views”, “intend”, “believe”, 
“plan” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.  Forward-looking statements are based on estimates 
and assumptions made by the Company in light of its experience and its perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected 
future  developments,  as  well  as  other  factors  that  the  Company  believes  are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances.    Many  factors  could 
cause the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-

Page 33 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
looking statements, including, without limitation, the following factors, some of which are discussed in detail in the Company’s Annual 
Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2017 and other public filings which can be found at www.sedar.com: 

  North American and global economic and political conditions; 
 

the  highly  cyclical  nature  of  the  automotive  industry  and  the  industry’s  dependence  on  consumer  spending  and  general 
economic conditions; 
the Company’s dependence on a limited number of significant customers; 
financial viability of suppliers; 
the  Company's  reliance  on  critical  suppliers  and  on  suppliers  for  components  and  the  risk  that  suppliers  will  not  be  able  to 
supply components on a timely basis or in sufficient quantities; 
competition; 
the  increasing  pressure on  the Company  to  absorb costs related to product  design  and  development,  engineering,  program 
management, prototypes, validation and tooling; 
increased pricing of raw materials; 
outsourcing and in-sourcing trends; 
the risk of increased costs associated with product warranty and recalls together with the associated liability; 
the Company’s ability to enhance operations and manufacturing techniques; 
dependence on key personnel; 
limited financial resources; 
risks associated with the integration of acquisitions; 
costs associated with rationalization of production facilities; 
launch costs; 
the potential volatility of the Company’s share price; 
changes in governmental regulations or laws including any changes to the North American Free Trade Agreement; 
labour disputes; 
litigation;  
currency risk; 
fluctuations in operating results; 
internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures;  
environmental regulation;  
a shift away from technologies in which the Company is investing; 
competition with low cost countries; 
the Company’s ability to shift its manufacturing footprint to take advantage of opportunities in emerging markets; 
risks of conducting business in foreign countries, including China, Brazil and other growing markets; 
potential tax exposures; 
a change in the Company’s mix of earnings between jurisdictions with lower tax rates and those with higher tax rates, as well 
as the Company’s ability to fully benefit from tax losses; 
under-funding of pension plans;  
the cost of post-employment benefits 
impairment charges;  
cyber security threats; and 
dividends. 

 
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

These  factors  should  be  considered  carefully,  and  readers  should  not  place  undue  reliance  on  the  Company’s  forward-looking 
statements.  The Company has no intention and undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether 
as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. 

Page 34 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MARTINREA INTERNATIONAL INC. 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Martinrea International Inc. 
Table of Contents 

Management's responsibility for financial reporting 
Independent auditors' report 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
Consolidated Statements of Operations 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Impairment of assets 
Trade and other payables 

Basis of preparation 
Significant accounting policies 
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7.  Other assets 
8. 
9. 
10.  Provisions 
11.  Long-term debt 
12.  Pensions and other post-retirement benefits 
13. 
Income taxes 
14.  Capital stock 
15.  Earnings per share 
16.  Research and development costs 
17.  Personnel expenses 
18.  Finance expense and other finance income 
19.  Operating segments 
20.  Financial instruments 
21.  Commitments and contingencies 
22.  Guarantees 
23.  Transactions with key management personnel  
24.  List of consolidated entities 

Page 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 

8 
9 
17 
17 
17 
18 
19 
20 
20 
20 
21 
22 
25 
27 
29 
29 
29 
29 
30 
30 
34 
35 
36 
36 

                                                                                                      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Martinrea International Inc. are the responsibility of management 
and have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and, where appropriate, reflect 
best  estimates  based  on  management’s  judgment.    In  addition,  all  other  information  contained  in  the  annual  report  to 
shareholders and Management Discussion and Analysis for the year ended December 31, 2017 is also the responsibility 
of management. The Company maintains systems of internal accounting and administrative controls designed to provide 
reasonable  assurance  that  the  financial  information  provided  is  accurate  and  complete  and  that  all  assets  are  properly 
safeguarded. 

The  Board  of  Directors  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that  management  fulfills  its  responsibility  for  financial  reporting,  for 
overseeing  management’s  performance  of  its  financial  reporting  responsibilities,  and  is  ultimately  responsible  for 
reviewing and approving the consolidated financial statements.  The Board of Directors delegates certain responsibility to 
the Audit Committee, which is comprised of independent non-management directors.  The Audit Committee meets with 
management  and  KPMG  LLP,  the  external  auditors,  multiple  times  a  year  to  review  among  other  things  accounting 
policies, observations, if any, relating to internal controls over the financial reporting process that may be identified during 
the  audit  process,  as  influenced  by  the  nature,  timing  and  extent  of  audit  procedures  performed,  annual  financial 
statements, the results of the external audit examination and the Management Discussion and Analysis included in the 
report  to  shareholders  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017.  The  external  auditors  and  internal  auditors  have 
unrestricted access to the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee reports its findings to the Board of Directors so that the 
Board may properly approve the consolidated financial statements for issuance to shareholders. 

(Signed) “Pat D’Eramo”   

(Signed) “Fred Di Tosto” 

Pat D’Eramo 

Fred Di Tosto 

President & Chief Executive Officer 

Chief Financial Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
KPMG LLP 
Chartered Public Accountants 
100 New Park Place, Suite 1400  
Vaughan, ON L4K 0J3 

Telephone  
Fax 
Internet 

905-265-5900 
905-265-6390 
www.kpmg.ca 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

To the Shareholders of Martinrea International Inc. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Martinrea International Inc., which comprise the consolidated 

balance sheets as at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, 

changes  in  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the  years  then  ended,  and  notes,  comprising  a  summary  of  significant  accounting  policies  and 

other explanatory information. 

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management  is  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 

International  Financial  Reporting  Standards,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  management  determines  is  necessary  to  enable  the 

preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditors’ Responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in 

accordance  with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that  we comply  with ethical requirements 

and  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  from 

material misstatement. 

An  audit  involves  performing  procedures  to  obtain  audit  evidence  about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial 

statements. The procedures selected depend on our judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the 

consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.  In  making  those  risk  assessments,  we  consider  internal  control 

relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that 

are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances,  but  not  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  entity’s  internal 

control.  An  audit  also  includes  evaluating  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the  reasonableness  of  accounting 

estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 

Opinion 

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  consolidated  financial  position  of 

Martinrea  International  Inc.  as  at  December  31,  2017  and  December  31,  2016,  and  its  consolidated  financial  performance  and  its 

consolidated cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants 
March 1, 2018 
Toronto, Canada 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note   

December 31,  
2017 

December 31,  
2016 

$ 

$ 

$ 

3 
4 

5 
13 
6 
7 

9 
10 

11 

11 
12 
13 

14 

71,193 
556,049   
376,972   
15,504   
12,979   
1,032,697   
1,282,624   
142,173   
68,414   
15,265   
1,508,476   
2,541,173 

$ 

$ 

741,549 

$ 

5,048   
34,429   
24,795   
805,821   
629,222   
65,258   
82,373   
776,853   

1,582,674 

713,425 

41,981   
94,268   
108,825   
958,499   
-   
958,499   

$ 

2,541,173 

$ 

59,165 
568,445 
306,130 
14,758 
9,786 
958,284 
1,257,247 
179,702 
73,261 
- 
1,510,210 
2,468,494 

707,007 
6,689 
18,622 
27,982 
760,300 
693,421 
66,863 
118,234 
878,518 
1,638,818 

710,510 
42,660 
117,048 
(40,020) 
830,198 
(522) 
829,676 
2,468,494 

Martinrea International Inc. 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

ASSETS 
Cash and cash equivalents  
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and deposits 
Income taxes recoverable 
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS 
Property, plant and equipment 
Deferred income tax assets 
Intangible assets 
Other assets 
TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS 
TOTAL ASSETS 

LIABILITIES 
Trade and other payables 
Provisions 
Income taxes payable 
Current portion of long-term debt 
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES 
Long-term debt 
Pension and other post-retirement benefits 
Deferred income tax liabilities 
TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 
TOTAL LIABILITIES 

EQUITY 
Capital stock 
Contributed surplus 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 
TOTAL EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO EQUITY HOLDERS OF THE COMPANY 
Non-controlling interest 
TOTAL EQUITY 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 

Commitments and Contingencies (note 21) 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

On behalf of the Board: 

“Robert Wildeboer”   

Director 

“Scott Balfour” 

Director 

Page 3 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Operations 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

SALES 

Cost of sales (excluding depreciation of property, plant and equipment) 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (production) 
Total cost of sales 
GROSS MARGIN 

Research and development costs 
Selling, general and administrative  
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (non-production) 
Amortization of customer contracts and relationships 
Impairment of assets 
Gain on sale of land and building 
Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Restructuring costs 
OPERATING INCOME 

Finance expense 
Other finance income (expense) 
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES 

Income tax expense  

NET INCOME FOR THE PERIOD 

Non-controlling interest 

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO EQUITY HOLDERS OF THE COMPANY 

Year ended 
December 31,    

2017 

3,690,499  $ 

Year ended 
December 31,  
2016 
3,968,407 

Note   

$ 

(3,065,880)  
(140,018)  
(3,205,898)  
484,601 

(26,597)  
(211,533)  
(9,652)  
(2,162)  
(7,488)  
19,072   
383   
-   

246,624 

(22,527)  
5,139   

229,236 

(69,970)  

159,266  $ 

277   

(3,408,740) 
(127,617) 
(3,536,357) 
432,050 

(24,853) 
(198,109) 
(8,727) 
(2,307) 
(34,579) 
- 
(347) 
(3,684) 
159,444 

(24,196) 
(1,909) 
133,339 

(41,378) 

91,961 

419 

159,543  $ 

92,380 

16 

8 
5 

10 

18 
18 

13 

$ 

$ 

Basic earnings per share 
Diluted earnings per share 

15  $ 
15  $ 

1.84  $ 
1.84  $ 

1.07 
1.07 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

Page 4 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

NET INCOME FOR THE PERIOD 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: 

Items that may be reclassified to net income 
Foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations 
Change in fair value of available for sale investments 
Items that will not be reclassified to net income 
Remeasurement of defined benefit plans 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax  
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE PERIOD 

Attributable to: 

Equity holders of the Company 
Non-controlling interest 

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE PERIOD 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2017  

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

$ 

159,266  $ 

91,961 

(30,737) 
7,957 

1,539 
(21,241)  
138,025  $ 

138,302 
(277) 
138,025  $ 

(30,394) 
- 

1,123 
(29,271) 
62,690 

63,109 
(419) 
62,690 

 $ 

 $ 

Page 5 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars)  

Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company 

Accumulated 

Retained 

other 
  comprehensive 
income 
147,442  $ 

earnings/ 
  (accumulated 
deficit) 
(123,157)  $ 
92,380 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

(30,394)   
117,048 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

(10,366)   

- 

1,123 
- 

(40,020)   
159,543 

(1,849)   

- 

(10,388)   

- 

Non- 

controlling 

interest 

(103)  $ 
(419)   
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
(522)   
(277)   
799 
- 
- 
- 

Total 
776,329  $ 
92,380 
333 
(10,366)   
793 

1,123 
(30,394)   
830,198 
159,543 

(1,849)   
123 
(10,388)   
2,113 

Total 

equity 
776,226 
91,961 
333 
(10,366) 
793 

1,123 
(30,394) 
829,676 
159,266 
(1,050) 
123 
(10,388) 
2,113 

- 

(30,737)   

7,957 
94,268  $ 

1,539 
- 

- 

108,825  $ 

1,539 
(30,737)   

7,957 
958,499  $ 

- 
- 

1,539 
(30,737) 

- 
-  $ 

7,957 
958,499 

$ 

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2015 
Net income for the period 
Compensation expense related to stock options 
Dividends ($0.12 per share) 
Exercise of employee stock options 
Other comprehensive income (loss), 
net of tax 
  Remeasurement of defined benefit plans 
  Foreign currency translation differences 
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2016 
Net income for the period 
Change in non-controlling interest 
Compensation expense related to stock options 
Dividends ($0.12 per share) 
Exercise of employee stock options 
Other comprehensive income (loss), 
net of tax 
  Remeasurement of defined benefit plans 
  Foreign currency translation differences 
  Change in fair value of available for sale 

investments 

Capital 

stock 
709,396  $ 

  Contributed 
surplus 
42,648  $ 

- 
- 
- 
1,114 

- 
- 
710,510 
- 
- 
- 
- 
2,915 

- 
- 

- 

- 
333 
- 
(321)   

- 
- 
42,660 
- 
- 
123 
- 
(802)   

- 
- 

- 

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2017 

$ 

713,425  $ 

41,981  $ 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

Page 6 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN): 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: 
Net Income for the period  
Adjustments for: 
  Depreciation of property, plant and equipment  
  Amortization of customer contracts and relationships 
  Amortization of development costs 

Impairment of assets (note 8) 

  Unrealized losses on foreign exchange forward contracts 
  Unrealized gain on derivative instruments (note 7) 
  Finance expense 

Income tax expense 

  Gain on sale of land and building (note 5) 
  Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
  Deferred and restricted share units expense 
  Stock options expense 
  Pension and other post-retirement benefits expense 
  Contributions made to pension and other post-retirement benefits 

Changes in non-cash working capital items: 
  Trade and other receivables 

Inventories 

  Prepaid expenses and deposits 
  Trade, other payables and provisions 

Interest paid (excluding capitalized interest) 
Income taxes paid 

NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES: 

Increase in long-term debt 
  Repayment of long-term debt 
  Dividends paid 
  Exercise of employee stock options 
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES: 
  Purchase of property, plant and equipment* 
  Capitalized development costs 

Investment in NanoXplore Inc. (note 7) 

  Proceeds on disposal of land and building (note 5) 
  Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment  
  Upfront recovery of development costs incurred 
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 

INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2017 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

 $ 

159,266  $ 

91,961 

149,670   
2,162   
13,237   
7,488   
146   
(3,697)  
22,527   
69,970   
(19,072)  
(383)  
2,751   
123   
4,487   
(2,468)  
406,207   

(77)  
(80,483)  
(1,344)  
55,028   
379,331   
(20,304)  
(56,166)  
302,861  $ 

40,000   
(88,648)  
(10,380)  
2,113   
(56,915) $ 

(259,600)  
(14,211)  
(2,475)  
40,910   
3,586   
1,170   
(230,620) $ 

136,344 
2,307 
13,652 
34,579 
208 
- 
24,196 
41,378 
- 
347 
568 
333 
4,274 
(2,116) 
348,031 

(4,537) 
29,923 
(1,038) 
(40,334) 
332,045 
(22,361) 
(49,967) 
259,717 

90,784 
(69,499) 
(10,365) 
793 
11,713 

(226,910) 
(12,624) 
- 
- 
438 
- 
(239,096) 

(3,298)  

(2,068) 

12,028   
59,165   
71,193  $ 

30,266 
28,899 
59,165 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

*As at December 31, 2017, $63,877 (December 31, 2016, $71,557) of purchases of property, plant and equipment remain unpaid and are recorded in 
trade and other payables and provisions. 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Page 7 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
   
   
   
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Martinrea  International  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  was  formed  by  the  amalgamation  under  the  Ontario  Business  Corporations  Act  of  several  predecessor 
Corporations  by  articles  of  amalgamation  dated  May  1,  1998.    The  Company  is  a  leader  in  the  development  and  production  of  quality  metal  parts, 

assemblies and modules, fluid management systems and complex aluminum products focused primarily on the automotive sector. 

1. 

BASIS OF PREPARATION 

(a) 

Statement of compliance 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  as 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended  December 31, 2017 were approved by the Board of Directors on 

March 1, 2018. 

(b) 

Presentation currency 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  Canadian  dollars,  which  is  the  Company’s  presentation  currency.  All  financial 
information  presented  in  Canadian  dollars  has  been  rounded  to  the  nearest  thousand,  except  per  share  amounts  and  where  otherwise 

indicated. 

(c) 

Use of estimates and judgements 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, estimates and 

assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  accounting  policies  and  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  Actual 

results may differ from these estimates.  

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in 

which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. 

Information  about  significant  areas  of  estimation  uncertainty  that  have  the  most  significant  effect  on  the  amounts  recognized  in  the 

consolidated  financial  statements  relate  to  the  following  (assumptions  made  are  disclosed  in  individual  notes  throughout  the  financial 

statements where relevant): 

 
 

Estimates of the economic life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets; 

Estimates  of  income  taxes.    The  Company  is  subject  to  income  taxes  in  numerous  jurisdictions.  There  are  many  transactions  and 

calculations  for  which  the  ultimate  tax  determination  is  uncertain.  The  Company  recognizes  liabilities  for  anticipated  tax  audit  issues, 

based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due.  Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts 

that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities in the  period in which 

such determination is made; 

 

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible 

temporary difference or tax loss carry-forwards can be utilized. The recognition of temporary differences and tax loss carry-forwards is 

based on the Company’s estimates of future taxable profits in different tax jurisdictions against which the temporary differences and loss 
carry-forwards may be utilized; 

 
 

Estimates used in testing non-financial assets for impairment including the recoverability of development costs; 

Assumptions employed in the actuarial calculation of pension and other post-retirement benefits.  The cost of pensions and other post-

retirement  benefits  earned  by  employees  is  actuarially  determined  using  the  projected  unit  credit  method  prorated  on  service,  and  the 

Company’s best estimate of salary escalation and mortality rates.  Discount rates used in actuarial calculations are based on long-term 
interest  rates  and  can  have  a  significant  effect  on  the  amount  of  plan  liabilities  and  service  costs.    The  Company  employs  external 

experts when deciding upon the appropriate estimates to use to value employee benefit plan obligations and expenses.  To the  extent 

that  these  estimates  differ  from  those  realized,  employee  benefit  plan  liabilities  and  comprehensive  income  will  be  affected  in  future 

periods; 

 

Revenue recognition on separately priced tooling contracts: Tooling contract prices are generally fixed; however, price changes, change 

orders  and  program  cancellations  may  affect  the  ultimate  amount  of  revenue  recorded  with  respect  to  a  contract.    Contract  costs  are 

estimated  at  the  time  of  signing  the  contract  and  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date.    Adjustments  to  the  original  estimates  of  total 

Page 8 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

contract costs are often required as work progresses under the contract and as experience is gained, even though the scope of the work 

under  the  contract  may  not  change.    When  the  current  estimates  of  total  contract  revenue  and  total  contract  costs  indicate  a  loss,  a 

provision for the entire loss on the contract is made.  Factors that are considered in arriving at the forecasted loss on a contract include, 

amongst others, cost over-runs, non-reimbursable costs, change orders and potential price changes. 

 

 

Estimates used in determining the fair value of stock option and performance share unit grants.  These estimates include assumptions 

about the volatility of the Company’s stock, forfeiture rates, and expected life of the options/units granted, where relevant. 
Estimates used in determining the fair value of derivative instruments associated with investments in equity securities. These estimates 

include assumptions about the volatility of the investee’s stock and expected life of the instrument.  

Information about significant areas of critical judgements in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts 

recognized in the consolidated financial statements relate to the following (judgements made are disclosed in individual notes throughout the 

financial statements where relevant): 

 

Accounting for provisions including assessments of possible legal and tax contingencies, and restructuring. Whether a present obligation 

is  probable  or  not  requires  judgement.  The  nature  and  type  of  risks  for  these  provisions  differ  and  judgement  is  applied  regarding  the 

nature and extent of obligations in deciding if an outflow of resources is probable or not. 

Accounting  for  development  costs  –  judgement  is  required  to  assess  the  division  of  activities  between  research  and  development, 
technical and commercial feasibility, and the availability of future economic benefit. 

The determination of the Company’s cash generating units for impairment testing. 

 

 

The decisions made by the Company in each instance are set out under the various accounting policies in these notes. 

2. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements. 

(a) 

Basis of consolidation 

(i)  Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries  are  entities  controlled  by  the  Company.  The  financial  statements  of  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated  financial 

statements  from  the  date  that  control  commences  until  the  date  that  control  ceases.  The  accounting  policies  of  subsidiaries  have  been 

changed when necessary to align them with the policies adopted by the Company. 

(ii)  Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

Intra-company balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and expenses arising from intra-company transactions, are eliminated in 

preparing the consolidated financial statements.  

(b) 

Foreign currency 

Each subsidiary of the Company maintains its accounting records in its functional currency.  A subsidiary’s functional currency is the currency 
of the principal economic environment in which it operates. 

(i)  Foreign currency transactions 

Transactions carried out in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the transaction date.  Monetary assets and 

liabilities denominated in a foreign currency at the reporting date are translated at the exchange rate at that date. The foreign currency gain or 

loss on such monetary items is recognized as income or expense for the period.  Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign 

currency are translated at the historical exchange rate prevailing at the transaction date.   

(ii)  Translation of financial statements of foreign operations 

The  assets  and  liabilities  of  subsidiaries  whose  functional  currency  is  not  the  Canadian  dollar  are  translated  into  Canadian  dollars  at  the 

exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date.  The income and expenses of foreign operations whose functional currency is not the Canadian 

dollar are translated to Canadian dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. 

Page 9 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Foreign currency differences on translation are recognized in other comprehensive income in the cumulative translation account net of income 

tax.  

(c) 

Financial instruments 

(i)  Non-derivative financial assets 

The  Company  initially  recognizes  loans  and  receivables  and  deposits  at  fair  value  on  the  date  that  they  are  originated.  All  other  financial 

assets  (including  assets  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss)  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value  on  the  trade  date  at  which  the 

Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to 

receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the 

financial asset are transferred. 

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company has a legal 

right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 

The Company has the following non-derivative financial assets: 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss: 
Financial  assets  are  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  if  the  Company  manages  such  asset  and  makes  purchase  and  sale 

decisions  based  on  their  fair  value  in  accordance  with  the  Company’s  documented  risk  management  or  investment  strategy.  Upon  initial 
recognition, attributable transaction costs are recognized in profit or loss when incurred. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are 

measured at fair value, and changes therein are recognized in profit or loss. 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss consist of cash and cash equivalents. 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  comprise  cash  balances  and  highly  liquid  investments  with  original  maturities  of  three  months  or  less.  Bank 

overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Company’s cash management are included as a component of cash 
and cash equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows. 

Loans and receivables: 
Loans  and  receivables  are  financial  assets  with  fixed  or  determinable  payments  that  are  not  quoted  in  an  active  market.  Such  assets  are 

initially  recognized  at  fair  value  plus  any  directly  attributable  transaction  costs.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition  loans  and  receivables  are 

measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses.  

Loans and receivables consist of trade and other receivables. 

Available-for-sale financial assets: 
Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivative financial assets that are designated as available-for-sale and included in Other Assets. 

The Company’s investments in equity securities are classified as available-for-sale financial assets. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are 
measured  at  fair  value  and  changes  therein  are  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income.  When  an  investment  is  derecognized,  the 

accumulated gain or loss in other comprehensive income is transferred to profit or loss.  

(ii)  Non-derivative financial liabilities 

The Company has the following non-derivative financial liabilities: long-term debt and trade and other payables. 

The Company initially recognizes debt and subordinated liabilities at fair value on the date that they are originated plus any directly attributable 

transaction  costs.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  these  financial  liabilities  are  measured  at  amortized  cost  using  the  effective  interest 

method. Trade and other payables are recognized initially on the trade date at which time the Company becomes a party to the contractual 

provisions of the instrument and subsequently at amortized cost. 

Page 10 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The Company derecognizes a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged, cancelled or expired. 

(iii) Derivative financial instruments 

The  Company  periodically  uses  derivative  financial  instruments  such  as  foreign  exchange  forward  contracts  to  manage  its  exposure  to 

changes  in  exchange  rates  related  to  transactions  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  the  Canadian  dollar.    Such  derivative  financial 

instruments, as well as derivative instruments associated with investments in equity securities, are initially recognized at fair value on the date 

a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value with changes in fair value being recognized immediately in 

profit or loss.   

(iv) Hedge Accounting 

The Company uses some portion of its US denominated long-term debt to manage foreign exchange rate exposures on net investments made 

in certain US operations. At the inception of a hedging relationship, the Company designates and formally documents the relationship between 

the hedging instrument and the hedged item, the risk management objective, and the strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation 

identifies  the  specific  net  investment  that  is  being  hedged,  the  risk  that  is  being  hedged,  the  type  of  hedging  instrument  used  and  how 

effectiveness will be assessed.  

At  inception  and  at  every  quarter  end  thereafter,  the  Company  formally  assesses  the  effectiveness  of  these  net  investment  hedges.    The 

change in fair value of the hedging US debt is recorded, to the extent effective, directly in other comprehensive income. These amounts will be 

recognized  in  earnings  as  and  when  the  corresponding  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  from  the  hedged  foreign  operations  is 

recognized in net earnings. 

(d) 

Property, plant and equipment 

(i)  Recognition and measurement 

Items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Cost 

includes the cost of material and labour and other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to a working condition for its intended use. 

When significant components of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items 

of property, plant and equipment. 

Certain tooling is produced or purchased specifically for the purpose of manufacturing parts for customer orders, which are either a) not sold to 

the customer, or b) paid for by the customer on delivery of each part, without the customer guaranteeing full financing of the costs incurred.  In 

accordance with IAS 16, this tooling is recognized as property, plant and equipment.  It is depreciated to match the lesser of estimated useful 

life and life of the program. 

Gains and losses on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds from disposal with the 

carrying amount of property, plant and equipment, and are recognized net within profit or loss.  

The  Company  capitalizes  borrowing  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition, construction  or  production  of  qualifying  property,  plant  and 

equipment as part of the cost of that asset, if applicable.  Capitalized borrowing costs are amortized over the useful life of the related asset. 

(ii)  Subsequent costs 

The cost of replacing a part of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognized in the carrying amount of the item if it is probable that 

the future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to the Company, and its cost can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of 

the replaced part is derecognized. Maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred, except where they serve to increase productivity 

or to prolong the useful life of an asset, in which case they are capitalized. 

(iii) Depreciation 

Depreciation is recognized in profit or loss over the estimated useful life of each item of property, plant and equipment, since this most closely 

reflects the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset. 

Page 11 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Depreciation is recorded on the following bases and at the following rates: 

Buildings 

Leasehold improvements 

Manufacturing equipment 

Tooling and fixtures 

Other 

Land is not depreciated. 

Basis 

Declining balance 

Straight line 

Rate 

4% 

Lesser of estimated useful life and lease term 

Declining balance and straight line 

7% to 20% 

Straight line 

Lesser of estimated useful life and life of program 

Declining balance and straight line 

20% to 30% 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. 

(e) 

Intangible assets 

The Company’s intangible assets are composed of customer contracts acquired in previous acquisitions and development costs. 

(i)   Customer contracts and relationships: 

Customer  contracts  and  relationships  have  a  finite  useful  life  and  are  amortized  over  their  estimated  economic  life  of  up  to  10  years  on  a 

straight line basis which approximates a basis consistent with the contract value initially established upon acquisition. 

(ii)  Research and development: 

Development  activities  involve  a  plan  or  design  for  the  production  of  new  or  substantially  improved  products  and  processes.  Development 

costs are capitalized only if: 

 
 
 
 

the development costs can be measured reliably,  

the product or process is technically and commercially feasible,  

the future economic benefits are probable, and 

the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete the development and to use or sell the asset. 

Capitalized  development  costs  correspond  to  projects  for  specific  customer  applications  that  draw  on  approved  generic  standards  or 

technologies  already  applied  in  production.    These  projects  are  analyzed  on  a  case-by-case  basis  to  ensure  they  meet  the  criteria  for 

capitalization as described above.  Development costs are subsequently amortized over the life of the program from the start of production. 

Amortization of development costs is recognized in research and development costs in the statements of operations. 

Expenditure  on  research  activities,  undertaken  with  the  prospect  of  gaining  new  scientific  or  technical  knowledge  and  understanding,  is 

recognized in profit or loss when incurred. 

(f) 

Inventories 

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventories is based on the first-in first-out principle, and 

includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other direct costs incurred in bringing them to 

their  existing  location  and  condition.  In  the  case  of  manufactured  inventories  and  work  in  progress,  cost  includes  an  appropriate  share  of 

production overheads, including depreciation, based on normal operating capacity.  

Net  realizable  value  is  the  estimated  selling  price  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  less  the  estimated  costs  of  completion  and  selling 

expenses.  In determining the net realizable value, the Company considers factors such as yield, turnover, expected future demand and past 

experience.  Impairment losses are recognized on the basis of the net realizable value.   

Page 12 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

(g) 

Impairment 

(i)  Financial assets 

A financial asset is assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any objective evidence that it is impaired. A financial asset 

is considered to be impaired if objective evidence indicates that one or more events have had a negative effect on the estimated future cash 

flows of that asset. 

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortized cost is calculated as the difference between its carrying amount and 

the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate.  

All impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss.  An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related objectively to an event 

occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. For financial assets measured at amortized cost, the reversal is recognized in profit or 

loss.  

(ii)  Non-financial assets 

The carrying amounts of the Company’s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting 
date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  If  any  such  indication  exists,  then  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount  is 
estimated. For intangible assets that are not yet available for use, the recoverable amount is estimated each year at the same time. 

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit (“CGU”) is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In 
assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects current market 

assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU. Fair value less costs to sell is the amount obtainable from 

the  sale  of  an  asset  or  CGU  in  an  arm’s-length  transaction  between  knowledgeable,  willing  parties,  less  the  costs  of  disposal.  Costs  of 
disposal are incremental costs directly attributable to the disposal of an asset or CGU, excluding finance costs and income tax expense. For 

the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing 

use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets. 

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses 

are recognized in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognized in respect of CGUs are allocated to the carrying amounts of the assets in the 

unit (group of units). 

In respect of other assets, impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss 

has  decreased  or  no  longer  exists.  An  impairment  loss  is  reversed  if  there  has  been  a  change  in  the  estimates  used  to  determine  the 

recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount 
that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized. 

(h) 

Pensions and other post-retirement benefits 

The Company’s liability for pensions and other post-retirement benefits is based on valuations performed by independent actuaries using the 
projected  unit  credit  method.    These  valuations  incorporate  both  financial  assumptions  (discount  rate,  and  changes  in  salaries  and  medical 

costs) and demographic assumptions, including rate of employee turnover, retirement age and life expectancy. 

The liability for pensions and other post-retirement benefits is equal to the present value of the Company’s future benefit obligation less, where 
appropriate,  the  fair  value  of  plan  assets  in  funds  allocated  to  finance  such  benefits.  The  effects  of  differences  between  previous  actuarial 

assumptions  and  what  has  actually  occurred  (experience  adjustments)  and  the  effect  of  changes  in  actuarial  assumptions  (assumption 

adjustments) give rise to actuarial gains and losses.  The Company recognizes all actuarial gains and losses arising from defined benefit plans 

immediately in accumulated deficit through other comprehensive income. 

(i) 

Provisions 

A  provision  is  recognized  if,  as  a  result  of  a  past  event,  the  Company  has  a  present  legal  or  constructive  obligation  that  can  be  estimated 

reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.  Where the Company expects some or 

all  of  the  provision  to  be  reimbursed,  the  reimbursement  is  recognized  as  a  separate  asset  when  reimbursement  is  virtually  certain.  

Commitments resulting from restructuring plans are recognized when an entity has a detailed formal plan and has raised a valid expectation in 

those affected that it will carry out the restructuring by starting to implement that plan or announcing its main features. 

Page 13 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

When the effect of the time value of money is material, the amount of the provision is discounted using a rate that reflects the market’s current 
assessment  of  this  value  and  the  risks  specific  to  the  liability  concerned.    The  increase  in  the  provision  related  to  the  passage  of  time  is 

recognized through profit and loss in other finance income. 

(j) 

Revenue recognition 

Sales  primarily  include  sales  of  finished  goods  and  tooling.    Sales  of  finished  goods  and  tooling  are  recognized  at  the  date  on  which  the 

Company  transfers  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  to  the  buyer,  retains  neither  continuing  managerial  involvement  nor 

effective control over the goods sold, and meets other revenue recognition criteria in accordance with IFRS.   This generally corresponds to 

when the goods are shipped or, in the case of the sale of tooling, when the tool has been inspected and accepted by the customer. 

(k) 

Finance income and finance expense 

Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested, changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, 

and gains on hedging instruments that are recognized in profit or loss. Interest income is recognized as it accrues in profit or loss, using the 

effective interest method.  

Finance expense is comprised of interest expense on long-term debt, amortization of deferred financing costs, unwinding of the discount on 

provisions,  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss,  and  losses  on  hedging  instruments  that  are 

recognized in profit or loss. Borrowing costs that are not directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset 

are recognized in profit or loss using the effective interest method. 

Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis. 

(l) 

Income tax 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates 

to items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income. 

Current  tax  is  the  expected  tax  payable  or  receivable  on  the  taxable  income  or  loss  for  the  year,  using  tax  rates  enacted  or  substantively 

enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. 

Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet method, with respect to temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and 

liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  used  for  taxation  purposes.  Deferred  tax  is  measured  at  the  tax  rates  that  are 

expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the 

reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and 

they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle 

current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously. 

A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that 

future  taxable  profits  will  be  available  against  which  they  can  be  utilized.  Deferred  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and  are 

reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized. 

(m) 

Guarantees 

The  Company  accounts  for  guarantees  in  accordance  with  IAS  39,  Financial  Instruments,  Recognition  and  Measurement  (“IAS  39”).  A 
guarantee is a contract (including indemnity) that contingently requires the Company to make payments to the guaranteed party based on (i) 

changes  in  an  underlying  interest  rate,  foreign  exchange  rate,  equity  or  commodity  instrument,  index  or  other  variable,  that  is  related  to  an 

asset, liability or equity security of the counterparty, (ii) failure of another party to perform under an obligating agreement or (iii) failure of a third 

party to pay indebtedness when due.  

Under  IAS  39,  guarantees  are  fair  valued  upon  initial  recognition.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  the  guarantees  are  remeasured  at  the 

higher of (i) the amount determined in accordance with IAS 37, Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets and (ii) the amount 

initially recognized less cumulative amortization. 

Page 14 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

(n) 

Share-based payments 

The Company accounts for all stock-based payments to employees and non-employees using the fair value based method of accounting.  The 

Company  measures  the  compensation  cost  of  stock-based  option  awards  to  employees  at  the  grant  date  using  the  Black-Scholes  option 

pricing  model  to  determine  the  fair  value  of  the  options.    The  stock-based  compensation  cost  of  the  options  is  recognized  as  stock-based 

compensation expense over the relevant vesting period of the stock options. 

(o) 

Earnings per share 

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its common shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit 
or  loss  attributable  to  common  shareholders  of  the  Company  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  the 

period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to common shareholders and the  weighted average number of 

common  shares  outstanding,  adjusted  for  own  shares  held,  for  the  effects  of  all  dilutive  potential  common  shares,  which  comprise  share 

options granted to employees. 

(p) 

Segment reporting 

An  operating  segment  is  a  component  of  the  Company  that  engages  in  business  activities  from  which  it  may  earn  revenues  and  incur 

expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of the Company’s other components. All operating segments’ 
operating results are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated 
to the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. 

(q) 

Deferred Share Unit Plan 

On  May  3,  2016,  a  Deferred  Share  Unit  Plan  (the  “DSU  Plan”)  was  established  as  a  means  of  compensating  non-executive  directors  and 
designated  employees  of  the  Company  and  of  promoting  share  ownership  and  alignment  with  the  shareholders’  interests.    Non-executive 
directors of Martinrea are automatically required to participate in the DSU Plan while employees may be designated from time  to time, at the 

sole discretion of the Board of Directors.   

Vesting conditions may be attached to the DSUs at the Board of Directors’ discretion.  To date, DSUs granted to directors vest immediately.  
DSU  Plan  participants  receive  additional  DSUs  equivalent  to  cash  dividends  paid  on  common  shares.    DSUs  are  paid  out  in  cash  upon 

termination of service, based on their fair market value, which is defined as the average closing share price of the Company’s common shares 
for the 20 days preceding the termination date. 

DSUs  are  considered  cash-settled  awards.    The  fair  value  of  DSUs,  at  the  date  of  grant  to  the  DSU  Plan  participants,  is  recognized  as 

compensation expense over the vesting period, with a liability recorded in trade and other payables.  In addition, the DSUs are fair valued at 

the  end  of  every  reporting  period  and  at  the  settlement  date.    Any  change  in  the  fair  value  of  the  liability  is  recognized  as  compensation 

expense in income. 

(r) 

Performance and Restricted Share Unit Plan 

On November 3, 2016, as amended on April 28, 2017, a Performance and Restricted Share Unit Plan (the “PRSU Plan”) was established as a 
means  of  compensating  designated  employees  of  the  Company  and  promoting  share  ownership  and  alignment  with  the  shareholders’ 
interests.  Under the PRSU Plan, the Company may grant Restricted Share Units (“RSUs”) and/or Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) to its 
employees.    The  Company  shall  redeem  vested  RSUs  or  vested  PSUs  on  their  Redemption  Date  (as  specified  in  the  PRSU  Plan),  at  the 

Company’s option, for either common shares or cash.  The RSUs and PSUs are redeemed at their fair value as defined by the PRSU Plan; in 
addition,  PSUs  must  meet  the  performance  criteria  specified  in  the  PRSU  Plan.    The  vesting  conditions  are  determined  by  the  Board  of 

Directors or as otherwise provided in the PRSU Plan. 

The fair value of PSUs and RSUs at the date of grant to the PRSU Plan participants, determined using the Monte Carlo Simulation model in 

the case of PSUs, are recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period, with a liability recorded in trade and other payables.  In 

addition, the RSUs and PSUs are fair valued at the end of every reporting period and at the settlement date.   Any change in fair value of the 

liability is recognized as compensation expense in income. 

Page 15 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

(s) 

Recently adopted accounting standards 

Amendments to IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows 
In January 2016, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows.  The amendments require disclosures that enable users of 

financial statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash flows and non-

cash changes.  The Company adopted the amendments to IAS 7 effective January 1, 2017.  The adoption of this amended standard resulted 

in some additional disclosure in note 11 (Long-term debt) of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

(t) 

Recently issued accounting standards 

The IASB issued the following new standards and amendments to existing standards: 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customer 
In May 2014, the IASB issued IFRS 15 which introduces a single model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers except leases, 

financial  instruments  and  insurance  contracts.    The  core  principle  of  the  new  standard  is  for  companies  to  recognize  revenue  to  depict  the 

transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange 

for those goods or services.  The new standard will also result in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provide guidance for transactions that 

were  not  previously  addressed  comprehensively  and  improve  guidance  for  multiple-element  arrangements.    The  standard  is  effective  for 

annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018.   

The  Company  has  completed  its  assessment  of  the  impact  the  adoption  of  IFRS  15  is  expected  to  have  on  the  consolidated  financial 

statements.    As  part  of  the  assessment,  which  included  consultation  with  industry  peers,  the  Company  analyzed  the  standard’s  impact  on 
customer contracts, compared its historical accounting policies and practices to the requirements of the new standard, and identified potential 

differences  from  the  application  of  the  new  standard’s  requirements.  Based  on  the  work  performed,  the  Company  does  not  expect  that  the 
adoption will have a material impact on its revenues, results of operations or financial position.  As required by the  standard, the Company 

expects to make additional disclosure related to the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts 

with customers.   

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments 
In July 2014, the IASB issued the final publication of the IFRS 9 standard. IFRS 9 establishes principles for the reporting of financial assets 

and financial liabilities that will present relevant and useful information to users of financial statements for their assessment of the amounts, 

timing and uncertainty of an entity’s future cash flows. This new standard also includes a new general hedge accounting standard which will 
align hedge accounting more closely with risk management. It does not fully change the types of hedging relationships or the  requirement to 

measure  and  recognize  ineffectiveness,  however,  it  will  provide  more  hedging  strategies  that  are  used  for  risk  management  to  qualify  for 

hedge  accounting  and  introduce  more  judgment  to  assess  the  effectiveness  of  a  hedging  relationship.  The  standard  is  effective  for  annual 

periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with early adoption permitted.   

The Company has assessed the impact of IFRS 9 on the consolidated financial statements and does not expect it to have a material impact to 

the  consolidated  financial  statements.  IFRS  9  includes  an  accounting  policy  choice  between  deferring  the  adoption  of  the  new  hedge 

accounting standards under IFRS 9 and continuing with the current IAS 39 hedge accounting standards. The Company has decided to elect 

this  policy  choice.    Revised  hedge  accounting  disclosures  that  are  required  by  the  IFRS  9  related  amendments  to  IFRS  7  Financial 

Instruments: Disclosures will be addressed upon adoption on January 1, 2018. 

IFRS 16, Leases   
In  January  2016,  the  IASB  issued  the  final  publication  of  IFRS  16,  superseding  IAS  17,  Leases  and  IFRIC  4,  Determining  Whether  an 

Arrangement Contains a Lease. The standard applies a control model to the identification of leases, distinguishing between leases and service 

contracts  on  the  basis  of  whether  there  is  an  identified  asset  controlled  by  the  customer.  The  standard  removes  the  distinction  between 

operating  and  finance  leases  with  assets  and  liabilities  recognized  in  respect  of  all  leases.  The  standard  is  effective  for  annual  periods 

beginning on or after January 1, 2019 with early adoption permitted if IFRS 15 has been adopted.  The Company is currently assessing the 

impact of IFRS 16 on the consolidated financial statements. The extent of the impact has not yet been determined.  

Page 16 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Amendments to IFRS 2, Share-Based Payments 
In June 2016, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 2 Share-Based Payment. The amendments provide clarification on how to account for 

certain  types  of  share-based  payment  transactions.  The  Company  intends  to  adopt  the  amendments  to  IFRS  2  in  its  consolidated  financial 

statements for the annual period beginning January 1, 2018.  The Company has assessed the impact of the amendments to IFRS 2  on the 

consolidated financial statements and does not expect it to have a material impact. 

3. 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 

  December 31, 2017 

538,830  $ 
17,219 
556,049  $ 

  December 31, 2016 
555,074 
13,371 
568,445 

$ 

$ 

The Company’s exposures to credit and currency risks, and impairment losses related to trade and other receivables, are disclosed in note 20. 

4. 

INVENTORIES 

Raw materials 
Work in progress 
Finished goods 
Tooling work in progress and other inventory 

5. 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

December 31, 2017   
154,293  $ 
38,618 
34,962 
149,099 
376,972  $ 

December 31, 2016 
146,802 
38,323 
39,088 
81,917 
306,130 

$ 

$ 

Land and buildings 
Leasehold improvements 
Manufacturing equipment 
Tooling and fixtures 
Other assets 
Construction in progress and spare parts 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

Accumulated 
amortization 
and 
impairment 
losses  
(17,157)  $ 
(35,897) 
(909,065) 
(31,034) 
(24,793) 
- 

(1,017,946)  $ 

Cost  

118,154  $ 
62,100 
1,758,415 
38,509 
53,197 
270,195 
2,300,570  $ 

$ 

$ 

Net book 
value 
100,997 
26,203 
849,350 
7,475 
28,404 
270,195 
1,282,624 

 $ 

 $ 

Cost  

161,438  $ 
58,303 
1,684,395 
42,806 
40,795 
277,999 
2,265,736  $ 

Accumulated 
amortization 
and 
impairment 
losses  
(41,389)  $ 
(33,316) 
(876,359) 
(34,387) 
(23,038) 
- 

(1,008,489)  $ 

Net book 
value 
120,049 
24,987 
808,036 
8,419 
17,757 
277,999 
1,257,247 

Page 17 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Movement in property, plant and equipment is summarized as follows: 

Net as of December 31, 2015 
Additions 
Disposals 
Depreciation 
Impairment (note 8) 
Transfers from construction in 
progress and spare parts 
Foreign currency translation 
adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2016 
Additions 
Disposals 
Depreciation 
Impairment (note 8) 
Transfers from construction in 
progress and spare parts 
Foreign currency translation 
adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2017 

$ 

Land and   
buildings   
113,323  $ 

- 
(4)   
(4,038)   

- 

Leasehold    Manufacturing   
equipment   
780,750  $ 
7,083 

improvements   
24,604  $ 
221 
- 

(4,510)   
(723)   

(512)   
(121,976)   
(21,021)   

Tooling and   
fixtures   
5,743  $ 
18 
- 

(1,604)   

- 

Other   
assets   
17,936  $ 
304 
(62)   
(4,216)   
(26)   

    Construction in     
progress and     
spare parts   

Total 
259,806  $  1,202,162 
249,454 
241,828 
(785) 
(136,344) 
(21,770) 

(207)   
- 
- 

13,005 

6,131 

188,457 

4,310 

4,417 

(216,320)   

- 

(2,237)   

120,049 
- 

(22,497)   
(4,068)   

- 

(736)   

24,987 
802 
(311)   
(4,173)   

- 

(24,745)   
808,036 
565 
(2,024)   
(134,515)   
(7,488)   

(48)   

8,419 
- 
- 

(1,435)   

- 

(596)   

17,757 
242 
(209)   
(5,479)   

- 

(7,108)   

277,999 
250,311 
- 
- 
- 

(35,470) 
  1,257,247 
251,920 
(25,041) 
(149,670) 
(7,488) 

12,537 

5,272 

213,526 

987 

16,583 

(248,905)   

- 

(5,024)   
100,997  $ 

$ 

(374)   
26,203  $ 

(28,750)   
849,350  $ 

(496)   
7,475  $ 

(490)   
28,404  $ 

(9,210)   

(44,344) 
270,195  $  1,282,624 

The Company has entered into certain asset-backed financing arrangements that were structured as sales-leaseback transactions.  At December 31, 

2017, the carrying value of property, plant and equipment under such arrangements was $21,001 (December 31, 2016 – $25,632).  The corresponding 
amounts owing are reflected within long-term debt (note 11). 

During  the  first  quarter  of  2017,  in  connection  with  the  relocation  of  an  existing  operation  to  another  manufacturing  facility,  a  building  owned  by  the 

Company in Mississauga, Ontario was sold on an “as-is, where-is” basis.  The building was sold for proceeds of $9,872 (net of closing costs of $378) 
resulting in a pre-tax gain of $5,698. 

During the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company finalized and closed a sale-leaseback arrangement involving the land and building of two of its operating 

facilities  in  the  Greater  Toronto  Area.  The  assets  were  sold  for  net  proceeds  of  $31,038  (net  of  closing  costs  of  $473)  resulting  in  a  pre-tax  gain  of 

$13,374. The corresponding leaseback of the assets is for a term of ten years at market rates.    

6. 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

Accumulated 
amortization 
and 
impairment 
losses  

Cost  

Net book 
value 

Cost  

Accumulated 
amortization 
and 
impairment 
losses  

Net book 
value 

Customer contracts and relationships 
Development costs 

$ 

$ 

61,432  $ 

143,325 
204,757  $ 

(55,512)  $ 
(80,831) 
(136,343)  $ 

5,920 
62,494 
68,414 

 $ 

 $ 

62,044  $ 

138,416 
200,460  $ 

(53,872)  $ 
(73,327) 
(127,199)  $ 

8,172 
65,089 
73,261 

Page 18 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
   
 
   
   
 
     
 
     
   
 
 
     
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Movement in intangible assets is summarized as follows: 

Net as of December 31, 2015 
Additions 
Amortization 
Impairment (note 8) 
Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2016 
Additions 
Amortization 
Upfront recovery of development costs incurred 
Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2017 

7. 

OTHER ASSETS 

Investment in common shares of NanoXplore Inc. 
Warrants in NanoXplore Inc. 

Investment in NanoXplore Inc. 

Customer 
contracts and 
relationships 
10,773 
- 
(2,307) 
- 
(294) 
8,172 
- 
(2,162) 
- 
(90) 
5,920 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Development 
costs 
72,817 
12,624 
(13,652) 
(4,179) 
(2,521) 
65,089 
14,211 
(13,237) 
(1,170) 
(2,399) 
62,494 

$ 

$ 

Total 
83,590 
12,624 
(15,959) 
(4,179) 
(2,815) 
73,261 
14,211 
(15,399) 
(1,170) 
(2,489) 
68,414 

December 31, 2017   
11,275  $ 
3,990 
15,265  $ 

December 31, 2016 
- 
- 
- 

$ 

$ 

In the third quarter of 2017, the Company acquired 5.5 million common shares in NanoXplore Inc. (“NanoXplore”), a publicly listed company on the TSX 
Venture Exchange trading under the ticker symbol GRA, for a total of $2,475 through a private placement offering. As part of the transaction to acquire 

the  common  shares,  the  Company  also  received  warrants  entitling  the  Company  to  acquire  up  to  an  additional  2.75  million  common  shares  in 

NanoXplore at a price of $0.70 per share for a period of up to two years after issuance.  

NanoXplore is a graphene company, a manufacturer and supplier of high volume graphene powder for  use in industrial markets providing customers 

with a range of graphene-based solutions under the heXo-G brand, including graphene powder, graphene plastic masterbatch pellets, and graphene-

enhanced polymers. The company has its headquarters and graphene production facility in Montreal, Quebec.  

The initial purchase price of $2,475 was allocated to the common shares and warrants acquired based on their relative fair values at the time of issuance 

resulting in $2,182 being initially allocated to the common shares and $293 to the warrants.  

The warrants in NanoXplore represent derivative instruments and are fair valued at the end of each reporting period using the Black-Scholes valuation 

model, with the change in fair value recorded through profit or loss. As at December 31, 2017, the warrants had a fair value of $3,990 resulting in an 

unrealized gain of $3,697 for the year ended December 31, 2017, which is recorded in Other finance income (expense) in the consolidated statement of 

operations. The  table below summarizes the assumptions used in valuing the  warrants using the Black-Scholes valuation model as at the acquisition 

date and December 31, 2017: 

Expected volatility 
Risk free interest rate 
Expected life (years) 

Acquisition 
76.29%  
1.31%  
2 

  December 31, 2017 
76.68% 
1.68% 
2 

The  acquired  common  shares  in  NanoXplore  have  been  classified  as  available-for-sale  for  reporting  purposes.  As  such,  the  common  shares  are 

recorded  at  their  fair  value  at  the  end  of  each  reporting  period  based  on  publicly  quoted  prices,  with  the  change  in  fair  value  recorded  in  other 

comprehensive income. As at December 31, 2017, the common shares had a fair value of $11,275 resulting in an unrealized gain of $9,093 ($7,957 net 

of tax) for the year ended December 31, 2017.  

Page 19 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

8. 

IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS 

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets - Development costs 
Inventories 
Total impairment 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2017 
7,488  $ 

-   
- 
7,488  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 
21,770 
4,179 
8,630 
34,579 

 $ 

$ 

During the fourth quarter of 2017, in conjunction with the Company’s annual business planning cycle, the Company recorded an impairment charge on 
property, plant and equipment of $7,488. The impairment charge related to specific equipment at an operating facility in Canada included in the North 
America operating segment.  The equipment is no longer in use and is not expected to be redeployed. 

During the second quarter of 2016, the Company recorded impairment charges on property, plant, equipment, intangible assets and inventories totaling 

$34,579  (US$26,599)  related to an operating facility in  Detroit, Michigan included in the  North American operating segment.  The impairment charges 

resulted from the cancellation of the main OEM light vehicle platform being serviced by the facility, representing the majority of the business, well before 

the end of its expected life cycle. This led to a decision to close the facility. The impairment charges were recorded where the carrying amount of the 

assets exceeded their estimated recoverable amounts. 

9. 

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Foreign exchange forward contracts (note 20(d)) 

  December 31, 2017 

741,403  $ 
146 
741,549  $ 

  December 31, 2016 
706,799 
208 
707,007 

$ 

$ 

The Company’s exposure to currency and liquidity risk related to trade and other payables is disclosed in note 20. 

10. 

PROVISIONS 

Net as of December 31, 2015 
Net additions 
Amounts used during the period 
Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2016 
Net additions 
Amounts used during the period 
Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2017 

Restructuring 
(a) 
14,026 
3,684 
(12,118) 
(344) 
5,248 
- 
(4,060) 
(72) 
1,116 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Claims and 
Litigations 
(b) 
1,572 
189 
(512) 
192 
1,441 
5,840 
(2,979) 
(370) 
3,932 

$ 

$ 

Total 

15,598 
3,873 
(12,630) 
(152) 
6,689 
5,840 
(7,039) 
(442) 
5,048 

Based on estimated cash outflows, all provisions as at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are presented on the consolidated balance sheets 
as current liabilities. 

(a) 

Restructuring 

As part of the acquisition of Honsel in 2011, a certain level of restructuring was contemplated. The restructuring accrual as at December 31, 

2015  relates  to  restructuring  activities  undertaken  in  Martinrea  Honsel  for  employee  related  severance.  Additional  restructuring  costs  for 

Martinrea  Honsel  in  Meschede,  Germany  of  $1,810  (€1,238)  were  incurred  during  2016.    No  further  costs  related  to  this  restructuring  are 
expected.   

Other additions to the restructuring accrual during 2016 totaled $1,874 (US$1,441) and represent employee-related payouts resulting from the 

closure of the operating facility in Detroit, Michigan as described in note 8. 

Page 20 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

(b) 

Claims and litigation 

In the normal course of business, the Company may be involved in disputes with its suppliers, former employees or other third parties. Where 

the  Company  has  determined  that  there  is  a  probable  loss  that  is  expected  from  claims  or  litigation  related  to  past  events,  a  provision  is 

recorded to cover the related risks associated with these disputes. To the best of the Company’s knowledge, there are no claims or litigation in 
progress or pending that are likely to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position. 

The  increase  in  claims  and  litigation  provision  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  predominately  related  to  certain  employee-related 

matters in the Company’s operating facility in Brazil.  

11. 

LONG-TERM DEBT 

The Company’s interest-bearing loans and borrowings are measured at amortized cost.  For more information about the Company’s exposure to interest 
rate, foreign currency and liquidity risk, see note 20.   

Banking facility 
Equipment loans 

Current portion 

$ 

$ 

December 31, 2017 

551,656  $ 
102,361 
654,017 
(24,795) 
629,222  $ 

  December 31, 2016 
631,879 
89,524 
721,403 
(27,982) 
693,421 

Terms and conditions of outstanding loans, as at December 31, 2017, in Canadian dollar equivalents, are as follows: 

Banking facility 

Equipment loans 

  USD 
  CAD 

  CAD 
  EUR 
  EUR 
  EUR 
  USD 
  EUR 
  EUR 
  EUR 
  USD 
  EUR 
  BRL 
  USD 
  USD 
  EUR 
  USD 

 Currency 

Nominal 
interest rate 

Year of  
maturity  

LIBOR+1.75% 
BA+1.75% 

2020  $ 
2020 

December 31, 2017  
Carrying amount 
321,152 
230,504 

$ 

December 31, 2016 
Carrying amount 
362,529 
269,350 

3.80% 
2.54% 
3.06% 
4.93% 
4.25% 
4.34% 
3.35% 
1.36% 
3.80% 
0.26% 
5.00% 
7.36% 
4.25% 
3.37% 
3.99% 

2022 
2025 
2024 
2023 
2018 
2025 
2019 
2021 
2022 
2025  
2020  
2017 
2017 
2017 
2017  

38,785 
15,561 
15,210 
15,131 
8,917 
3,230 
2,504 
2,100 
413 
375   
135   
- 
- 
- 
-   

$ 

654,017 

$ 

- 
14,648 
15,337 
14,370 
23,532 
3,041 
3,797 
2,548 
527 
353 
200 
6,195 
3,872 
904 
200 
721,403 

On April 29, 2016, the Company’s banking facility was amended to extend its maturity date and increase the total available revolving credit lines under 
the facility. The primary terms of the amended banking facility, with a syndicate of nine banks, are as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 

available revolving credit lines of $350 million and US $400 million; 

available asset based financing capacity of $205 million; 

no mandatory principal repayment provisions; 

an accordion feature which provides the Company with the ability to increase the revolving credit facility by up to US $150 million; 

pricing terms at market rates; and 

a maturity date of April 2020. 

There were no changes to pricing terms or financial covenants under the facility adverse to the Company. 

Page 21 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

As  at  December  31,  2017,  the  Company  has  drawn  US$256,000  (December  31,  2016  -  US$270,000)  on  the  U.S.  revolving  credit line  and  $233,000 

(December 31, 2016 - $273,000) on the Canadian revolving credit line. At December 31, 2017, the weighted average effective rate of the banking facility 

credit  lines  was  2.9%  (December  31,  2016  -  2.7%).  The  facility  requires  the  maintenance  of  certain  financial  ratios  with  which  the  Company  was  in 

compliance as at December 31, 2017.  

Deferred financing fees of $2,827 (December 31, 2016 - $4,194) have been netted against the carrying amount of the long-term debt. 

During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company finalized an equipment loan in the amount of $40,000 repayable in monthly installments 
over five years at a fixed interest rate of 3.80%. The agreement was executed on October 2, 2017. 

Future annual minimum principal repayments are as follows: 

Within one year 
One to two years 
Two to three years 
Three to four years 
Thereafter 

Movement in long-term debt is summarized as follows: 

Net as of December 31, 2015 
Draw downs and loan proceeds (net of capitalized deferred financing fees of $2,370)  
Repayments 
Amortization of deferred financing fees 
Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2016 
Equipment loan proceeds 
Repayments 
Amortization of deferred financing fees 
Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Net as of December 31, 2017 

12. 

PENSIONS AND OTHER POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS 

$ 

$ 

24,795 
11,211 
566,296 
12,180 
39,535 
654,017 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Total  

717,012 
90,784 
(69,499) 
1,169 
(18,063) 
721,403 
40,000 
(88,648) 
1,368 
(20,106) 
654,017 

The Company has defined benefit and non-pension post-retirement benefit plans in Canada, the United States and Germany.  The defined benefit plans 

provide pensions based on years of service, years of contributions and earnings.  The post-retirement benefit plans provide for the reimbursement of 

certain medical costs. 

The  plans  are  governed  by  the  pension  laws  of  the  jurisdiction  in  which  they  are  registered.    The  Company’s  pension  funding  policy  is  to  contribute 
amounts sufficient, at minimum, to meet local statutory funding requirements.  Local regulatory bodies either define minimum  funding requirements or 

approve funding plans submitted by the Company.  From time to time the Company may make additional discretionary contributions taking into account 

actuarial assessments and other factors.  Actuarial valuations for the Company’s defined benefit pension plans are completed based on the regulations 
in place in the jurisdictions where the plans operate. 

The  assets  of  the  defined  benefit  pension  plans  are  held  in  segregated  accounts  isolated  from  the  Company’s  assets.    The  plans  are  administered 
pursuant  to  applicable  regulations,  investment  policies  and  procedures  and  to  the  mandate  of  an  established  pension  committee.    The  pension 

committee oversees the administration of the pension plans, which include the following principal areas: 

  Overseeing the funding, administration, communication and investment management of the plans; 
 

Selecting and monitoring the performance of all third parties performing duties in respect of the plans, including audit, actuarial and investment 

management services; 

 
 

Proposing, considering and approving amendments to the defined benefit pension plans; 

Proposing, considering and approving amendments of the investment policies and procedures; 

Page 22 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

 
 

Reviewing actuarial reports prepared in respect of the administration of the defined benefit pension plans; and 

Reviewing and approving the audited financial statements of the defined benefit pension plan funds. 

The assets of the defined benefit pension plans are invested and managed following all applicable regulations and investment policies and procedures, 

and reflect the characteristics and asset mix of each defined benefit pension plan.  Investment and market return risk is managed by: 

 

 
 
 

Contracting  professional  investment  managers  to  execute  the  investment  strategy  following  the  investment  policies  and  procedures  and 

regulatory requirements; 

Specifying the kinds of investments that can be held in plans and monitoring compliance; 

Using asset allocation and diversification strategies; and 

Purchasing annuities from time to time. 

The pension plans are exposed to market risks such as changes in interest rates, inflation and fluctuations in investment values.  The plans are also 

exposed to non-financial risks in the nature of membership mortality, demographic changes and regulatory change. 

Information about the Company’s defined benefit plans as at December 31, in aggregate, is as follows: 

Accrued benefit obligation: 

Balance, beginning of the year 
Benefits paid by the plan 
Current service costs 
Interest costs 
Actuarial gains (losses) - experience 
Actuarial gains (losses) -  
    demographic assumptions 
Actuarial gains (losses) - financial  
    assumptions 
Settlements 
Foreign exchange translation 
adjustment 
Balance, end of year 

$ 

$ 

Plan Assets: 

Other post-
retirement 
benefits 
(48,111)  $ 
1,619 
(121) 
(1,791) 
1,992 

Pensions 

(64,551)  $ 
1,946 
(1,936) 
(2,339) 
(35) 

December 31, 
2017 
(112,662)  $ 
3,565 
(2,057) 
(4,130) 
1,957 

Other post-
retirement 
benefits 
(48,744)  $ 
1,772 
(122) 
(1,869) 
299 

Pensions 

(63,053)  $ 
3,132 
(1,801) 
(2,415) 
182 

December 31, 
2016 
(111,797) 
4,904 
(1,923) 
(4,284) 
481 

2,871 

239 

3,110 

413 

544 

957 

(2,592) 
- 
1,512 
(44,621)  $ 

(4,304) 
11 
1,423 
(69,546)  $ 

(6,896) 
11 
2,935 
(114,167)  $ 

(848) 
276 
712 
(48,111)  $ 

(2,393) 
- 
1,253 
(64,551)  $ 

(3,241) 
276 
1,965 
(112,662) 

Fair value, beginning of the year 
Contributions paid into the plans 
Benefits paid by the plans 
Interest income 
Administrative costs 
Remeasurements, return on plan  
assets recognized in other  
comprehensive income 
Foreign exchange translation 
Fair value, end of year 

Accrued benefit liability, 
end of year 

Other post-
retirement 
benefits 

$ 

-  $ 

1,619 
(1,619) 
- 
- 

Pensions 

45,799  $ 
849 
(1,946) 
1,736 
(36) 

December 31, 
2017 
45,799  $ 

2,468 
(3,565) 
1,736 
(36) 

Other post-
retirement 
benefits 

-  $ 

1,772 
(1,772) 
- 
- 

Pensions 

44,245  $ 
344 
(3,132) 
1,746 
(89) 

December 31, 
2016 
44,245 
2,116 
(4,904) 
1,746 
(89) 

- 
- 
-  $ 

3,875 
(1,368) 
48,909  $ 

3,875 
(1,368) 
48,909  $ 

- 
- 
-  $ 

3,318 
(633) 
45,799  $ 

3,318 
(633) 
45,799 

$ 

(44,621) 

(20,637) 

(65,258) 

(48,111) 

(18,752) 

(66,863) 

Page 23 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Pension benefit expense recognized in net income: 

Current service costs 
Net interest cost 
Administrative costs 
Curtailment/settlements 
Net benefit plan expense 

Other post-
retirement 
benefits 

121  $ 

1,791 
- 
- 
1,912  $ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2017 
2,057  $ 
2,394 
36 
- 
4,487  $ 

Pensions 

1,936  $ 
603 
36 
- 
2,575  $ 

Other post-
retirement 
benefits 

122  $ 

1,869 
- 
(276) 
1,715  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 
1,923 
2,538 
89 
(276) 
4,274 

Pensions 

1,801  $ 
669 
89 
- 
2,559  $ 

Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (before income taxes): 

Actuarial gains (losses)  

$ 

2,046  $ 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2017 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2016 
1,515 

Plan assets are primarily composed of pooled funds that invest in fixed income and equities, common stocks and bonds that are actively traded. Plan 
assets are composed of:  

Description 
Equity  
Debt securities 

  December 31, 2017 
82.9% 
17.1% 
100.0% 

  December 31, 2016 
86.3% 
13.7% 
100.0% 

The defined benefit obligation and plan assets are composed by country as follows: 

Year ended December 31, 2017 

Year ended December 31, 2016 

  Canada 

  USA 

  Germany 

  Total  

  Canada 

  USA 

  Germany 

  Total  

Present value of funded obligations  
Fair value of plan assets 
Funding status of funded obligations 
Present value of unfunded obligations 
Total funded status of obligations 

$ 

$ 

(30,698)  $ 
27,464 
(3,234) 
(26,212) 
(29,446)  $ 

(28,636)  $ 
21,446 
(7,190) 
(20,195) 
(27,385)  $ 

-  $ 
- 
- 
(8,427) 
(8,427)  $ 

(59,334)  $ 
48,910 
(10,424) 
(54,834) 
(65,258)  $ 

(27,083)  $ 
24,842 
(2,241) 
(27,008) 
(29,249)  $ 

(28,717)  $ 
20,957 
(7,760) 
(22,933) 
(30,693)  $ 

-  $ 
- 
- 
(6,921) 
(6,921)  $ 

(55,800) 
  45,799 
  (10,001) 
  (56,862) 
(66,863) 

There  are  significant  assumptions  made  in  the  calculations  provided  by  the  actuaries  and  it  is  the  responsibility  of  the  Company  to  determine  which 

assumptions could result in a significant impact when determining the accrued benefit obligations and pension expense.  

Principal actuarial assumptions, expressed as weighted averages, are summarized below:- 

Weighted average actuarial assumptions 

Defined benefit pension plans 

Discount rate used to calculate year end benefit obligation  
Mortality table 

Other post-employment benefit plans 

Discount rate to calculate year end benefit obligation  
Mortality table 

Health care trend rates 

Initial healthcare rate 
Ultimate healthcare rate 

Page 24 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

3.3% 
CPM - RPP 2014 Priv 

3.7% 
CPM - RPP 2014 Priv 

3.4% 
CPM - RPP 2014 Priv 
 & Blue collar w/MP 

3.9% 
CPM - RPP 2014 Priv 
 & Blue collar w/MP 

5.9% 
4.5% 

6.5% 
4.8% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Sensitivity of Key Assumptions  

In the sensitivity analysis shown below, the Company determines the defined benefit obligation using the same method used to calculate the defined 

benefit  obligations  recognized  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.  Sensitivity  is  calculated  by  changing  one  assumption  while  holding  the  others 

constant.  The  actual  change  in  defined  benefit  obligation  will  likely  be  different  from  that  shown  in  the  table,  since  it  is  likely  that  more  than  one 
assumption will change at a time, and that some assumptions are correlated.  

Change in 
assumption 
0.50% 
1 Year 

Impact on defined benefit obligation  
December 31, 2017 

Increase in 
assumption  
Decrease by 7.5% 
Increase by 3.1% 

Decrease in 
assumption  
Increase by 8.5% 
Decrease by 3.19% 

Impact on defined benefit obligation  
December 31, 2016 

Increase in 
assumption  

Decrease in 
assumption  
Increase by 8.6% 
Increase by 3.10%  Decrease by 3.25% 

  Decrease by 7.7% 

0.50% 
1 Year 

Decrease by 6.4% 
Increase by 11.1% 

Increase by 7.2% 
Decrease by 9.2% 

  Decrease by 6.3% 
Increase by 12.0% 

Increase by 7.1% 
Decrease by 9.9% 

Pension Plans 
Discount rate 
Life Expectancy 

Other post-retirement benefits 
Discount rate 
Medical costs 

13. 

INCOME TAXES 

The components of income tax expense are as follows: 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2017 

Current income tax expense 
Deferred income tax recovery 
Total income tax expense 

$ 

 $ 

Taxes on items recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity in 2017 and 2016 were as follows: 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2016 
(42,572) 
1,194 
(41,378) 

(73,316)  $ 
3,346 
(69,970)  $ 

Deferred tax charge on:  
Employee benefit plan actuarial losses  
US tax reform impact on employee benefit plans 
Cumulative translation adjustments 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2017 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2016 
(392) 
- 

(2,080) 
(2,472) 

(533)  $ 
(1,216)  $ 
(257) 
(2,006)  $ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

The provision for income taxes differs from the result that would be obtained by applying statutory income tax rates to income before income taxes. The 
difference results from the following: 

Income before income taxes 

Tax at Statutory income tax rate of 26.5% (2016 - 26.5%) 
Increase (decrease) in income taxes resulting from: 
      Impact of US tax reforms 
      Utilization of losses previously not benefited 
      Tax audit settlements and changes in estimates  
      Revaluation due to foreign exchange and inflation 
      Rate differences and deductions allowed in foreign jurisdictions 
      Current year tax losses not benefited and withholding tax expensed 
      Recognition of previously unrecognized deferred tax assets 
      Stock-based compensation and other non-deductible expenses 

      Effective income tax rate applicable to income before income taxes 

Page 25 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

$ 

$ 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2017 

229,236  $ 

Year ended 
  December 31, 2016 
133,339 

60,748 

19,313 
(4,861) 
(986) 
1,403 
(1,812) 
6,085 
(12,758) 
2,838 
69,970  $ 

30.5%  

35,335 

- 
- 
(2,455) 
2,971 
(3,340) 
8,008 
(1,099) 
1,958 
41,378 

31.0% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The movement of deferred tax assets is summarized below:  

December 31, 2015 
Benefit (charge) to income 
Benefit (charge) to other comprehensive income 
Translation and other 
December 31, 2016 
Benefit (charge) to income 
Charge to other comprehensive income 
Translation and other 
December 31, 2017 

Losses 
$  125,635  $ 

(8,374)  
-   
(3,865)  
113,396   
(18,389)  
-   
(6,523)  

$  88,484  $ 

  Employee 
benefits 
20,675  $ 
198   
(392)  
(420)  
20,061   
(1,732)  
(1,749)  
(583)  
15,997  $ 

Interest 
and 
accruals 

13,583  $ 
11,739   
-   
(190)  
25,132   
(5,419)  
-   
(1,339)  
18,374  $ 

PPE and 
intangible 
assets 
17,067  $ 
(2,039)  
-   
(912)  
14,116   
(2,387)  
-   
801   
12,530  $ 

Other 
5,272  $ 
1,594   
171   
(40)  
6,997   
156   
(74)  
(291)  
6,788  $ 

Total  

182,232 
3,118 
(221) 
(5,427) 
179,702 
(27,771) 
(1,823) 
(7,935) 
142,173 

The movement of deferred tax liabilities is summarized below:  

December 31, 2015 
Benefit (charge) to income 
Charge to other comprehensive income 
Translation and other 
December 31, 2016 
Benefit to income 
Charge to other comprehensive income 
Translation and other 
December 31, 2017 

Net deferred asset at December 31, 2016 
Net deferred asset at December 31, 2017 

PPE and 
intangible 
assets 
(108,800) $ 
(2,477)  
-   
499   
(110,778)  
29,917   
-   
5,179   
(75,682) $ 

$ 

$ 

Other 
(5,771) $ 
553   
(2,251)  
13   
(7,456)  
1,200   
(184)  
(251)  
(6,691) $ 

Total  
(114,571) 
(1,924) 
(2,251) 
512 
(118,234) 
31,117 
(184) 
4,928 
(82,373) 

$ 
$ 

61,468 
59,800 

The  Company  has  accumulated  approximately  $527,749  (December  31,  2016  -  $580,792)  in  non-capital  losses  that  are  available  to  reduce  taxable 
income in future years. If unused these losses will expire as follows: 

Year 
2018-2020 
2021-2025 
2026-2037 
Indefinite 

$ 

$ 

4,153 
873 
477,074 
45,649 
527,749 

Deferred tax assets are recognized for tax loss carry-forwards to the extent that the realization of the related tax benefit through future taxable profits is 

probable. The ability to realize the tax benefits of these losses is dependent upon a number of factors, including the future profitability of operations in 

the jurisdictions in which the tax losses arose.  

Extensive  changes  to  the  US  tax  system  were  enacted  on  December  22,  2017,  which,  among  other  changes,  substantially  reduced  the  US  federal 

corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% with effect from January 1, 2018. As a result of this change, the Company’s deferred tax asset in the US decreased 
as at December 31, 2017 with a corresponding one-time, non-cash increase in income tax expense of $19,313.  

A deferred tax asset of $60,369 in the United States (December 31, 2016 - $72,746) has been recorded in excess of the reversing taxable temporary 

differences.  Income  projections  support  the  conclusion  that  the  deferred  tax  asset  is  probable  of  being  realized  and  consequently,  it  has  been 

recognized.  

Page 26 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

At December 31, 2017, deferred tax assets have not been recognized in respect of the following items: 

Tax losses in foreign jurisdictions  
Deductible temporary differences in foreign jurisdictions  
Other capital items 

$ 

$ 

2017 
43,857  $ 
3,961   
188   
48,006  $ 

2016 
98,202 
1,575 
188 
99,965 

Deferred  tax  is  not  recognized  on  the  unremitted  earnings  of  foreign  subsidiaries  to  the  extent  that  the  Company  is  able  to  control  the  timing  of  the 

reversal  of  the  temporary  differences,  and  it  is  probable  that  the  temporary  differences  will  not  reverse  in  the  foreseeable  future.  The  temporary 

difference  in  respect  the  amount  of  undistributed  earnings  and  other  differences  including  the  outside  basis  difference  of  foreign  subsidiaries  is 

approximately $612,983 at December 31, 2017 (December 31, 2016 - $518,388).  

Future  changes  in  tax  law,  in  any  of  the  jurisdictions  in  which  the  Company  has  a  presence,  could  significantly  impact  the  Company’s  provision  for 
income taxes, taxes payable, and deferred tax asset and liability balances. 

14. 

CAPITAL STOCK 

Common shares outstanding: 
Balance, December 31, 2015 
Exercise of stock options 
Balance, December 31, 2016 
Exercise of stock options 
Balance, December 31, 2017 

Number 
86,374,667 
110,000 
86,484,667 
261,167 
86,745,834 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Amount 
709,396 
1,114 
710,510 
2,915 
713,425 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares. The Company’s shares have no par value. 

Stock options 

The Company has one stock option plan for key employees. Under the plan the Company may grant options to its key employees for up to 9,000,000 

shares of common stock with option room available calculated in accordance with the terms of the stock option plan.  Under the plan, the exercise price 

of each option equals the market price of the Company's stock on the date of grant or such other date as determined in accordance with stock option 

plan and the policies of the Company, and the options have a maximum term of 10 years. Options are granted throughout the year and vest between 

zero and four years. 

The following is a summary of the activity of the outstanding share purchase options: 

Year ended   
December 31, 2017   

Number of 
options 
3,010,617  $ 
(261,167) 
(905,000) 
1,844,450  $ 
1,844,450  $ 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
11.38   
8.09   
14.91   
10.12   
10.12   

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
12.38 
7.21 
15.31 
11.38 
11.36 

Number of 
options 
4,340,617  $ 
(110,000) 
(1,220,000) 
3,010,617  $ 
2,885,617  $ 

Balance, beginning of period 
Exercised during the period 
Cancelled during the period 
Balance, end of period 
Options exercisable, end of period 

Page 27 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The following is a summary of the issued and outstanding common share purchase options as at December 31, 2017: 

Range of exercise price per share 
$6.00 - 8.99 
$9.00 - 9.99 
$10.00 - 15.99 
Total share purchase options 

Number   
outstanding 
688,701 
50,000 
1,105,749 
1,844,450   

Date of grant  
2008 - 2012 
2008 
2008 - 2015 

Expiry  
2018 - 2022 
2018 
2018 - 2025 

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company expensed $123 (2016 - $333), to reflect stock-based compensation expense, as derived using 

the Black-Scholes option valuation model. 

Deferred Share Unit Plan 

The following is a summary of the issued and outstanding DSUs as at December 31, 2017: 

Units outstanding, beginning of period 
Units granted during the period 
Units settled during the period 
Units for dividends earned during the period (issued twice a year) 
Units outstanding, end of period 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 
67,837 
54,588 
- 
888 
123,313 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
- 
67,623 
- 
214 
67,837 

The DSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were granted to non-executive directors, are not subject to vesting conditions 

and  had  a  weighted  average  fair  value  per  unit  of  $10.99  and  $8.87,  respectively,  on  the  date  of  grant.  At  December  31,  2017,  the  fair  value  of  all 

outstanding DSUs amounted to $1,939 (December 31, 2016 - $568). For the year ended December 31, 2017, DSU compensation expense, including 

changes  in  fair  value  during  the  year,  amounted  to  $1,371  (year-ended  December  31,  2016  -  $568),  which  was  recorded  in  selling,  general  and 

administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations. 

Performance Restricted Share Unit Plan 

The following is a summary of the issued and outstanding RSU’s and PSUs for the year ended December 31, 2017: 

Units outstanding, beginning of period 
Units granted during the period 
Units exercised during the period 
Units forfeited during the period 
Units outstanding, end of period 

RSUs 
- 
77,304 
- 
- 
77,304 

PSUs 
- 
77,304 
- 
- 
77,304 

Total 
- 
154,608 
- 
- 
154,608 

The RSUs and PSUs granted during the year ended December 31, 2017 had a weighted average fair value per unit of $11.92 on the date of grant. For 

the year ended December 31, 2017, RSU and PSU compensation expense, including changes in fair value during the year, amounted to $1,380 (year-

ended December 31, 2016 - $Nil), which was recorded in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations. 

Unrecognized RSU and PSU compensation expense as at December 31, 2017 was $803 (December 31, 2016 - $Nil) and will be recognized in profit and 

loss over the next three years as the RSUs and PSUs vest.  

The key assumptions used in the valuation of PSUs granted during the year ended December 31, 2017 are shown in the table below:  

Expected life (years) 
Risk free interest rate 

Page 28 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

2017 
2.38 
1.15% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

15. 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Details of the calculations of earnings per share are set out below: 

Basic 
Effect of dilutive securities: 

Stock options 

Diluted 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 

Weighted 
average 
number of 
shares 
86,527,271 

252,035 
86,779,306 

$ 

$ 

Per common 
share amount 
1.84 

Weighted 
average 
number of 
shares 
86,389,379 

- 
1.84 

137,904 
86,527,283 

Per common 
share amount 
1.07 

- 
1.07 

$ 

$ 

The average market value of the Company’s shares for purposes of calculating the dilutive effect of share options was based on quoted market prices 
for the period during which the options were outstanding. 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  767,000  options  (year-ended  December  31,  2016  -  2,010,749)  were  excluded  from  the  diluted  weighted 

average per share calculation as they were anti-dilutive. 

16. 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS 

Research and development costs, gross 
Capitalized development costs 
Amortization of capitalized development costs 
Net expense 

17. 

PERSONNEL EXPENSES 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

27,571  $ 
(14,211) 
13,237 
26,597  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
23,825 
(12,624) 
13,652 
24,853 

$ 

$ 

The statements of operations present operating expenses by function. Operating expenses include the following personnel-related expenses:  

Wages and salaries and other short-term employee benefits 
Expenses related to pension and post-retirement benefits 
RSU and PSU compensation expense (including changes in fair value during the year) 
DSU compensation expense (including changes in fair value during the year) 
Stock-based compensation expense 

18. 

FINANCE EXPENSE AND OTHER FINANCE INCOME (EXPENSE) 

Debt interest, gross 
Capitalized interest - at an average rate of 2.8% (2016 - 2.7%) 
Finance expense 

Net foreign exchange gain (loss) 
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments (note 7) 
Other income, net 
Other finance income (expense) 

Page 29 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

Note 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

12 
14 
14 
14 

$ 

$ 

873,731  $ 
4,487 
1,380 
1,371 
123 
881,092  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
877,674 
4,274 
- 
568 
333 
882,849 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

(25,817)  $ 
3,290 
(22,527)  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

1,167  $ 
3,697 
275 
5,139  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
(27,404) 
3,208 
(24,196) 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
(2,228) 
- 
319 
(1,909) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

19. 

OPERATING SEGMENTS 

The Company designs, engineers, manufactures, and sells quality metal parts, assemblies, and fluid management systems primarily serving the global 

automotive industry.  It conducts its operations through divisions, which function as autonomous business units, following a corporate policy of functional 

and  operational  decentralization.    The  Company’s  products  include  a  wide  array  of  products,  assemblies  and  systems  for  small  and  large  cars, 
crossovers, pickups and sport utility vehicles.  

The Company defines its operating segments as components of its business where separate financial information is available and routinely evaluated by 

management.  The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer.  Given the differences between the regions in 
which the Company operates, Martinrea’s operations are segmented on a geographic basis between North America, Europe and Rest of the World. 

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the significant accounting policies in note 2 of the consolidated financial 

statements. The Company uses segment operating income as the basis for the CODM to evaluate the performance of each of the Company’s reportable 
segments.   

The following is a summary of selected data for each of the Company’s segments: 

Year ended December 31, 2017 

Year ended December 31, 2016 

Sales 

Property, plant 
and equipment 

Operating 
Income 

Sales 

Property, plant 
and equipment 

Operating 
Income 

North America 
  Canada 
  USA 
  Mexico 
  Eliminations 

Europe 
  Germany 
  Spain 
  Slovakia 
  Eliminations 

Rest of the World 
Eliminations 

$ 

$ 

$ 

778,930  $ 

1,360,796   
954,700   
(180,640)  
2,913,786  $ 

433,806   
162,832   
61,026   
(635)  
657,029   
132,067   
(12,383)  
3,690,499  $ 

20. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

  $ 

886,936  $ 

158,213   
400,618   
410,218   
-   

969,049  $ 

213,493    $ 

134,366   
91,157   
14,323   
-   
239,846   
73,729   

38,388   
(5,257)  

1,282,624  $ 

246,624    $ 

1,629,029   
872,844   
(166,149)  
3,222,660   

415,056   
167,575   
55,150   
(1,699)  
636,082   
122,989   
(13,324)  
3,968,407  $ 

176,901   
408,430   
418,353   
-   

1,003,684  $ 

128,783 

93,061   
78,443   
13,066   
-   
184,570   
68,993   

35,003 
(4,342) 

1,257,247  $ 

159,444 

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, other assets, trade and other payables, long-
term debt, and foreign exchange forward contracts.  

Fair Value 

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement provides guidance about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received 

to  sell  an  asset  or  paid  to  transfer  a  liability  in  the  principal  or  most  advantageous  market  for  the  asset  or  liability  in  an  orderly  transaction  between 

market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value are required to maximize the use of observable inputs 

and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is based on three levels of inputs. The first two levels are considered observable 
and the last unobservable. These levels are used to measure fair values as follows: 

 

 

 

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly.  

Level  2  –  Inputs,  other  than  Level  1  inputs  that  are  observable  for  assets  and  liabilities,  either  directly  or  indirectly.  Level  2  inputs  include 
quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be 
corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. 

Level  3  –  Unobservable  inputs  that  are  supported  by  little  or  no  market  activity  and  that  are  significant  to  the  fair  value  of  the  assets  or 
liabilities. 

Page 30 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The following table summarizes the fair value hierarchy under which the Company’s applicable financial instruments are valued: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Other assets (note 7) 
Foreign exchange forward contracts (note 9) 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Foreign exchange forward contracts (note 9) 

Fair values versus carrying amounts 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

Total 
71,193 
15,265 

$ 

(146)  $ 

Total 
59,165 

$ 
(208)  $ 

December 31, 2017 
Level 1 
71,193 
11,275 
- 

$ 

$ 

Level 2 
- 
3,990 

$ 

(146)  $ 

December 31, 2016 
Level 1 
59,165 
- 

$ 
$ 

Level 2 
- 
$ 
(208)  $ 

Level 3 
- 
- 
- 

Level 3 
- 
- 

The fair values of financial assets and liabilities, together with the carrying amounts shown in the balance sheet, are as follows: 

December 31, 2017 

FINANCIAL ASSETS: 
Trade and other receivables 
Other assets (note 7) 

$ 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES: 
Trade and other payables 
Long-term debt 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 

Fair value 
through profit 
or loss 

Fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income 

Loans and 
receivables 

Amortized 
cost 

Carrying 
amount 

Fair value 

-  $ 

3,990   
3,990   

-   
-   
(146)  
(146)  

-  $ 

556,049  $ 

11,275 
11,275   

- 

556,049   

-  $ 
- 
-   

556,049  $ 
15,265 
571,314   

556,049 
15,265 
571,314 

-   
-   
-   
-   

-   
-   
-   
-   

(741,403)  
(654,017)  
-   
(1,395,420)  

(741,403)  
(654,017)  
(146)  
(1,395,566)  

(741,403) 
(654,017) 
(146) 
(1,395,566) 

Net financial assets (liabilities) 

$ 

3,844  $ 

11,275  $ 

556,049  $ 

(1,395,420)  $ 

(824,252)  $ 

(824,252) 

December 31, 2016 

FINANCIAL ASSETS: 
Trade and other receivables 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES: 
Trade and other payables 
Long-term debt 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 

Fair value 
through profit 
or loss 

Loans and 
receivables 

Amortized 
cost 

Carrying 
amount 

Fair value 

$ 

-  $ 
-   

568,445  $ 
568,445   

-  $ 
-   

568,445  $ 
568,445   

568,445 
568,445 

- 
-   
(208)  
(208)  

- 
-   
-   
-   

(706,799) 
(721,403)  
-   
(1,428,202)  

(706,799) 
(721,403)  
(208)  
(1,428,410)  

(706,799) 
(721,403) 
(208) 
(1,428,410) 

Net financial assets (liabilities) 

$ 

(208)  $ 

568,445  $ 

(1,428,202)  $ 

(859,965)  $ 

(859,965) 

The fair values of trade and other receivables and trade and other payables approximate their carrying amounts due to the short-term maturities of these 

instruments.  The  estimated  fair  value  of  long-term  debt  approximates  its  carrying  value  since  debt  is  subject  to  terms  and  conditions  similar  to  those 

available to the Company for instruments with comparable terms, and the interest rates are market-based.  

Risk Management 

The main risks arising from the Company’s financial instruments are credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, currency risk and market price risk related 
to  publicly-traded  investment.  These  risks  arise  from  exposures  that  occur  in  the  normal  course  of  business  and  are  managed  on  a  consolidated 
Company basis. 

Page 31 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

(a)  Credit risk 

Credit risk refers to the risk of losses due to failure of the Company’s customers or other counterparties to meet their payment obligations. Financial 

instruments  that  subject  the  Company  to  credit  risk  consist  primarily  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  trade  and  other  receivables,  and  foreign 
exchange forward contracts. 

Credit risk associated with cash and cash equivalents is minimized by ensuring these financial assets are placed with financial institutions with high 
credit ratings. 

The credit risk associated with foreign exchange forward contracts arises from the possibility that the counterparty to one of these contracts fails to 

perform according to the terms of the contract. Credit risk associated with foreign exchange forward contracts is minimized by entering into such 
transactions with major Canadian and U.S. financial institutions. 

In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to credit risk from its customers. The Company has three customers whose sales were 

32.5%,  28.1%,  and  14.9%  of  its  production  sales  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  (December  31,  2016  -  31.5%,  28.6%  and  15.0%).    A 

substantial portion of the Company’s trade receivables are with large customers in the automotive, truck and industrial sectors and are subject to 
normal industry credit risks. The trade accounts receivable that were past due as at December 31, 2017 are part of the normal payment pattern 

within  the  industry  and  the  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  less  than  0.50%  of  total  trade  receivables  for  all  periods  and  movements  in  the 
current year are minimal. 

The aging of trade receivables at the reporting date was as follows: 

0-60 days 
61-90 days 
Greater than 90 days 

(b)  Liquidity risk 

December 31, 2017  

501,336  $ 
19,853 
17,641 
538,830  $ 

December 31, 2016 
526,483 
16,540 
12,051 
555,074 

$ 

$ 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations when they become due. The Company manages liquidity 

risk by monitoring sales volumes and collection efforts to ensure sufficient cash flows are generated from operations to meet its liabilities when they 

become due. Management monitors consolidated cash flows on a weekly basis covering a rolling 12 week period, quarterly through forecasting and 

annually through the Company’s budget process.  At December 31, 2017, the Company had cash of $71,193 and banking facilities  available as 
discussed in note 11. All of the Company’s financial liabilities other than long-term debt have maturities of approximately 60 days. 

A summary of contractual maturities of long-term debt is provided in note 11. 

(c) 

Interest rate risk 

Interest rate risk refers to the risk that the value of a financial instrument or cash flows associated with the instrument will fluctuate due to changes 

in the market interest rates. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk as a significant portion of the Company’s long-term debt bears interest at 
rates  linked  to  the  US  prime,  Canadian  prime,  one  month  LIBOR  or  the  Banker’s  Acceptance  rates.  The  interest  on  the  bank  facility  fluctuates 
depending on the achievement of certain financial debt ratios, and may cause the interest rate to increase by a maximum of 1.0%. 

The interest rate profile of the Company’s long-term debt was as follows: 

Variable rate instruments 
Fixed rate instruments 

Sensitivity analysis 

Carrying amount 

December 31, 2017  

551,656  $ 
102,361 
654,017  $ 

December 31, 2016 
631,879 
89,524 
721,403 

$ 

$ 

An increase or decrease of 1.0% in all variable interest rate debt would, all else being equal, have an effect of $6,015 (December 31, 2016 - $6,246) on 

the Company’s consolidated financial results for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

Page 32 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

(d)  Currency risk 

Currency risk refers to the risk that the value of the financial instruments or cash flows associated with the instruments will fluctuate due to changes 

in the foreign exchange rates. The Company undertakes revenue and purchase transactions in foreign currencies, and therefore is subject to gains 

and losses due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company’s foreign exchange risk management includes the use of foreign 
currency forward contracts to fix the exchange rates on certain foreign currency exposures.  

At December 31, 2017, the Company had committed to the following foreign exchange contracts: 

Sell Canadian Dollars 
Buy Mexican Peso 

Currency 

Amount of U.S. 
dollars 

$ 
$ 

20,000   
30,468   

  Weighted average 

exchange rate of U.S. 
dollars 

1.2835   
19.3319   

Maximum period in 
months 

1 
2 

The aggregate value of these forward contracts as at December 31, 2017 was a pre-tax loss of $146 and was recorded in trade and other payables 

(December 31, 2016 - loss of $208). 

The Company’s exposure to foreign currency risk reported in the foreign currency was as follows: 

December 31, 2017 
Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other payables 
Long-term debt 

December 31, 2016 
Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other payables 
Long-term debt 

USD 
282,095 
(330,020) 
(263,701) 
(311,626) 

USD 
289,124 
(353,541) 
(295,971) 
(360,388) 

€ 

€ 

€ 

€ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

EURO 
64,926 
(91,091) 
(35,949) 
(62,114) 

EURO 
59,222 
(73,297) 
(38,813) 
(52,888) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

PESO 

44,972  R$ 

(163,168) 
- 
(118,196)  R$ 

PESO 

27,941  R$ 

(116,038) 
- 
(88,097)  R$ 

¥ 

BRL 
19,424 
(25,341) 
(356) 
(6,273)  ¥ 

¥ 

BRL 
15,359 
(17,432) 
(495) 
(2,568)  ¥ 

CNY 
174,033 
(116,149) 
- 
57,884 

CNY 
156,848 
(79,703) 
- 
77,145 

The following summary illustrates the fluctuations in the exchange rates applied during the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

USD 
EURO 
PESO 
BRL 
CNY 

Sensitivity analysis  

Average rate 

Closing rate 

Year ended December 
31, 2017 
1.3029 
1.4576 
0.0688 
0.4077 
0.1920 

Year ended December 
31, 2016 
1.3286  
1.4727  
0.0722  
0.3780  
0.2012 

Year ended December 
31, 2017 
1.2571 
1.5089 
0.0639 
0.3795 
0.1924 

Year ended December 
31, 2016 
1.3427 
1.4169 
0.0651 
0.4125 
0.1930 

The Company does not have significant foreign currency exposure based on each subsidiary’s functional currency.  However a 10% strengthening of the 
Canadian  dollar  against  the  following  currencies  at  December  31,  would  give  rise  to  a  translation  risk  on  net  income  and  would  have  increased 

(decreased) equity, profit or loss and comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2017 by the amounts shown below, assuming all other 
variables remain constant: 

Page 33 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

USD 
EURO 
BRL 
CNY 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

(6,333)  $ 
(4,559) 
938 
(305) 
(10,259)  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
(1,226) 
(4,114) 
671 
(57) 
(4,726) 

$ 

$ 

A weakening of the Canadian dollar against the above currencies at December 31 would have had the equal but opposite effect on the above currencies 
to the amounts shown above, on the basis that all other variables remain constant. 

(e)  Market price risk related to publicly-traded investments 

Market  price  risk  related  to  publicly-traded  investments  refers  to  the  risk  that  changes  or  fluctuations  in  the  market  prices  of  the  Company’s 
investments in publicly-traded companies will affect income, cash flows or the value of financial instruments. The Company manages risks related 

to such changes by regularly reviewing publicly-available information related to these investments to ensure that any risks are within reasonable 

levels of risk tolerance. The Company does not engage in risk management practices such as hedging, derivatives, or short selling with respect to 

publicly-traded investments. 

(f)  Capital risk management 

The  Company's  objectives  in  managing  capital  are  to  ensure  sufficient  liquidity  to  pursue  its  strategy  of  organic  growth  combined  with 

complementary acquisitions and to provide returns to its shareholders. The Company defines capital that it manages as the aggregate of its equity, 

which is comprised of issued capital, contributed surplus, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings, and debt. 

The  Company  manages  its  capital  structure  and  makes  adjustments  in  light  of  general  economic  conditions,  the  risk  characteristics  of  the 

underlying assets and the Company's working capital requirements.  In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Company, upon approval 

from  its  Board  of  Directors,  may  issue  or  repay  long-term  debt,  issue  shares,  repurchase  shares,  or  undertake  other  activities  as  deemed 

appropriate under the specific circumstances.  The Board of Directors reviews and approves any material transactions out of the ordinary course of 

business, including proposals on acquisitions or other major investments or divestitures, as well as annual capital and operating budgets. 

In addition to debt and equity the Company may use operating leases as additional sources of financing.  The  Company monitors debt leverage 

ratios  as  part  of  the  management  of  liquidity  and  shareholders’  return  and  to  sustain  future  development  of  the  business.  The  Company  is  not 
subject  to  externally  imposed  capital  requirements  and  its  overall  strategy  with  respect  to  capital  risk  management  remains  unchanged  from  the 

prior year. 

21. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Commitments 

The Company leases certain manufacturing facilities, office equipment and vehicles under operating leases and enters into purchase obligations in the 

normal course of business related to inventory, services, tooling and property, plant and equipment. The aggregate expected payments towards those 

obligations are as follows: 

Future minimum lease payments under operating leases 
Capital and other purchase commitments (all due in less than one year) 

December 31, 
2017 
210,189  $ 
416,130 
626,319  $ 

December 31, 
2016 
195,272 
403,434 
598,706 

$ 

$ 

Page 34 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Future minimum lease payments under operating leases are due as follows: 

Less than one year  
Between one and five years  
More than five years 

Contingencies 

December 31, 
2017 
34,735  $ 

100,090 
75,364 
210,189  $ 

December 31, 
2016 
27,486 
84,276 
83,510 
195,272 

$ 

$ 

The  Company  has  contingent  liabilities  relating  to  legal  and  tax  proceedings  arising  in  the  normal course  of  its  business.  Known  claims  and  litigation 

involving  the  Company  or  its  subsidiaries  were  reviewed  at  the  end  of  the  reporting  period.  Based  on  the  advice  of  legal  counsel,  all  necessary 

provisions have been made to cover the related risks. Although the outcome of the proceedings in progress cannot be predicted, the Company does not 

believe  they  will  have  a  material  impact  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  position.  However,  new  proceedings  may  be  initiated  against  the 
Company  as  a  result  of  facts  or  circumstances  unknown  at  the  date  of  this  report  or  for  which  the  risk  cannot  yet  be  determined  or  quantified.  Such 

proceedings could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial results. 

Tax contingency 

The Company’s subsidiary in Brazil, Martinrea Honsel Brazil Fundicao e comercio de Pecas em Alumino Ltda., is currently being assessed by the State 
of  Sao  Paulo’s  tax  authorities  for  certain  historical  value  added  tax  (“VAT”)  credits  claimed  on  aluminum  purchases  from  certain  local  suppliers  that 
occurred prior to the acquisition of the Brazil subsidiary in 2011.  The taxation system and regulatory environment in Brazil is characterized by numerous 

indirect taxes and frequently changing legislation subject to various interpretations by the various Brazilian regulatory authorities who are empowered to 

impose  significant  fines,  penalties  and  interest  charges.    The  basis  for  the  assessments  stems  from  the  classification  of  aluminum  purchases,  the 

registration  status  of  the  aluminum  suppliers  in  question  and  the  differing  treatments  between  manufactured  and  unmanufactured  aluminum  for  VAT 

purposes.    The  potential  exposure  under  these  assessments,  based  on  the  notices  issued  by  the  tax  authorities,  is  approximately  $83,110  (BRL 

$219,460) including interest and penalties to December 31, 2017 (December 31, 2016 - $82,453 or BRL 199,886).  The Company has sought external 

legal advice and believes that it has complied, in all material respects, with the relevant legislation and will vigorously defend against the assessments. 

The Company may be required to present guarantees totaling $57,152 at some point through a pledge of assets, bank letter of credits or cash deposit. 

No provision has been recorded by the Company in connection with this contingency as at this stage the Company has concluded that it is not probable 

that a liability will result from the matter. 

22. 

GUARANTEES 

The Company is a guarantor under a tooling financing program.  The tooling financing program involves a third party that provides tooling suppliers with 

financing subject to a Company guarantee. Payments from the third party to the tooling supplier are approved by the Company prior to the funds being 

advanced. The amounts loaned to the tooling suppliers through this financing arrangement do not appear on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.  
At  December  31,  2017,  the  amount  of  the  program  financing  was  $75,189  (December  31,  2016  -  $65,468)  representing  the  maximum  amount  of 

undiscounted future payments the Company could be required to make under the guarantee. 

The Company would be required to perform under the guarantee in cases where a tooling supplier could not meet its obligations to the third party.  Since 

the amount advanced to the tooling supplier is required to be repaid generally when the Company receives reimbursement from the final customer, and 

at  this  point  the Company  will  in  turn  repay  the  tooling  supplier,  the  Company  views  the  likelihood of  the  tooling  supplier  default  as  remote.  No  such 

defaults occurred during 2017 or 2016.  Moreover, if such an instance were to occur, the Company would obtain the tooling inventory as collateral.  The 

term of the guarantee will vary from program to program, but typically ranges from six to eighteen months. 

Page 35 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Martinrea International Inc. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

23. 

TRANSACTIONS WITH KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL 

Key management personnel include the Directors and the most Senior Corporate Officers of the Company that are primarily responsible for planning, 

directing, and controlling the Company’s business activities.  

The compensation expense associated with key management for employee services was included in employee salaries and benefits as follows: 

Salaries, pension and other short-term employee benefits 
Termination benefits * 
RSU and PSU compensation expense (including changes in fair value during the year) 
DSU compensation expense (including changes in fair value during the year) 
Stock-based compensation expense 
Net expense 

$ 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2017 

12,487  $ 
1,767 
1,380 
1,371 
123 
17,128  $ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2016 
11,660 
- 
- 
568 
333 
12,561 

*During the third quarter of 2017, David Rashid ceased to be an Executive Vice President of Operations of the Company. Upon his departure, David 

Rashid was entitled to the termination benefit as set out in his employment contract in the aggregate amount of $1.8 million payable over a twelve-month 

period. The $1.8 million termination benefit was set up as a liability and expensed during the third quarter of 2017. The liability is included in trade and 

other payables.  

24. 

LIST OF CONSOLIDATED ENTITIES 

The following is a summary of significant direct subsidiaries of the Company:  

Martinrea Metallic Canada Inc. 
Martinrea Automotive Systems Canada Ltd. 
Martinrea Automotive Inc. 
Royal Automotive Group Ltd. 
Martinrea Metal Holdings (USA), Inc. 
Martinrea Pilot Acquisition Inc. 
Martinrea Slovakia Fluid Systems S.R.O. 
Martinrea Pilot Acquisition II LLC 
Martinrea Internacional de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. 
Martinrea China Holdings Inc. 
Martinrea Honsel Holdings B.V. 

Country of incorporation  
Canada 
Canada 
Canada 
Canada 
United States of America 
Canada 
Slovakia 
United States of America 
Mexico 
Canada 
Netherlands 

Ownership interest 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

Page 36 ▌Martinrea International Inc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE INFORMATION 

Corporate Head Office 

Martinrea International Inc. 
3210 Langstaff Road 
Vaughan, Ontario   L4K 5B2 
E:   investor@martinrea.com 
W:  www.martinrea.com 

Board of Directors 

Rob Wildeboer, Executive Chairman 
Martinrea International Inc. 

Scott Balfour (1), (2), (3) 
Chief Operating Officer  
Emera Inc. 

Pat D’Eramo 
President and Chief Executive Officer, Martinrea 
International Inc. 

Roman Doroniuk (1), (2), (3) 
Independent Consultant, Financial and Strategic 
Advisory Services 

Terry Lyons (1), (2), (3) 
Corporate Director and Lead Director, Canaccord 
Genuity Group Inc. 

Frank Macher (1), (2), (3) 
Senior Advisor to Teijin Corporation, Advisor to 
Achates Power 

Fred Olson (1), (2), (3), (4) 
Retired, President and CEO, Webasto Product North 
America 

Sandra Pupatello (1), (2), (3) 
President, Canadian International Avenues Ltd.   

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(4) 

Member, Human Resources and Compensation Committee 
Member, Audit Committee 
Member, Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee 
Lead Director 

Certificate Transfer and Address Change 

Computershare Investor Services Inc. 
100 University Avenue, 9th Floor 
Toronto, Ontario  M5J 2Y1   
T:  1 800 564-6523/1 514 982-7555 
F:  1 866 249-7775 
E:  service@computershare.com 

Registrar and Transfer Agent 

Computershare Investor Services Inc. 
100 University Avenue, 9th Floor 
Toronto, Ontario  M5J 2Y1   
T:  1 800 564-6523/1 514 982-7555 
F:  1 866 249-7775 
E:  service@computershare.com 

Shareholder Inquiries/Investor Relations 

All inquiries should be directed to: 
Fred Di Tosto 
Martinrea International Inc. 
3210 Langstaff Road 
Vaughan, Ontario L4K 5B2 
T:  416 749-0314 
F:  289 982-3001 

Auditors 

KPMG LLP 
Bay Adelaide Centre 
333 Bay Street, Suite 4600  
Toronto, Ontario M5H 2S5 
T:  416 777-8500 
F:  416 777-8818 

Corporate Executive Officers 

Stock Listing 

Pat D’Eramo, President and Chief Executive Officer 
Rob Wildeboer, Executive Chairman 
Fred Di Tosto, Chief Financial Officer 
Armando Pagliari, Executive VP, Human Resources 

The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX: MRE) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MMAARRTTIINNRREEAA  IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL  IINNCC..  

Website:  www.martinrea.com 
Investor Information:  investor@martinrea.com