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Metro Inc.

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FY2019 Annual Report · Metro Inc.
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ANNUAL REPORT
2019

COMPANY PROFILE

METRO INC. is a food and pharmacy leader in Québec and Ontario. As a retailer, franchisor, distributor, and manufacturer, 
the company operates or services a network of 950 food stores under several banners including Metro, Metro Plus, 
Super C, Food Basics, Adonis and Première Moisson, as well as 650 drugstores primarily under the Jean Coutu, Brunet, 
Metro  Pharmacy  and  Food  Basics  Pharmacy  banners,  providing  employment  directly  or  indirectly  to  almost  90,000 
people.

2019 HIGHLIGHTS

Sales of $16,767.5 million, up 16.6% and up 3.2% when excluding the Jean Coutu Group 

Net earnings of $714.4 million 
Adjusted net earnings(1) of $731.6 million, up 26.3% 
Fully diluted net earnings per share of $2.78
Adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share(1) of $2.84, up 17.8% 
Synergies of $58 million related to the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, $65 million(3) on an annualized basis

•  Return on equity of 12.3%, exceeding 12% for the 27th consecutive year
•  Dividends per share increase of 11.0%, the 25th consecutive year of dividend growth 

RETAIL NETWORK

Québec

Ontario

New Brunswick Total

Supermarkets

Metro
Metro Plus

Adonis

195 Metro

10 Adonis

Discount stores

Super C

97 Food Basics

Neighbourhood
stores

Marché Richelieu

Marché Ami

56

297

Partner

Première Moisson

24 Première Moisson

Total food

Drugstores

Total drugstores

679

Brunet
Brunet Plus
Brunet Clinique
Clini Plus

PJC Jean Coutu
PJC Health
PJC Health & Beauty

Metro Pharmacy
Food Basics Pharmacy

163

PJC Jean Coutu
PJC Health

378

541

132

3

135

1

271

72

9

81

327

13

232

353

25

950

235

PJC Jean Coutu
PJC Health
PJC Health & Beauty

28

28

415

650

Forward-looking information: For any information on statements in this Annual Report that are of a forward-looking nature, see section on "Forward-
looking information" in the Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A).

- 2 -

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

OPERATING RESULTS 
(Millions of dollars)

Sales

Operating income*

Net earnings
Adjusted net earnings(1)
Cash flows from operating activities

FINANCIAL STRUCTURE 
(Millions of dollars)

Total assets

Non-current debt**

Equity

PER SHARE 
(Dollars)

Basic net earnings

Fully diluted net earnings
Adjusted fully diluted net earnings(1)
Dividends

FINANCIAL RATIOS 
(%)

Operating income*/ Sales

Return on equity

Non-current debt/total capital

SHARE PRICE 
(Dollars)

High

Low

Closing price (At year-end)

2019

2018

2017

(53 weeks)

2016

2015

16,767.5

1,321.5

714.4

731.6

687.7

14,383.4

13,175.3

12,787.9

12,223.8

1,011.1

1,718.5

579.2

750.4

966.4

608.4

548.2

696.2

931.3

586.2

586.2

707.4

857.8

519.3

523.6

678.3

11,073.9

10,922.2

2,229.0

5,968.6

2,630.4

5,656.0

6,050.7

1,441.6

2,923.9

5,606.1

1,231.0

2,693.2

5,387.1

1,145.1

2,657.2

2.79

2.78

2.84

7.20

7.16

2.41

2.59

2.57

2.31

2.41

2.39

2.39

2.03

2.01

2.03

0.7800

0.7025

0.6275

0.5367

0.4500

7.9

12.3

30.6

58.94

39.04

57.91

7.0

40.1

31.7

45.44

38.32

40.18

7.3

21.7

33.0

47.41

38.00

42.91

7.3

21.9

31.4

48.19

35.61

44.09

7.0

19.4

30.1

38.10

24.27

35.73

* Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings (OI)

**Including the Series E Notes that will be refinanced in 2020

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 3 -

MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD

Dear Shareholders,

METRO had another good year in 2019 as it exceeded established financial results and made significant progress with 
regards to customer satisfaction in all banners. These excellent results are particularly outstanding given that all teams 
were working on the integration of the activities of the Jean Coutu Group and of METRO following the acquisition of the 
Jean Coutu Group in 2018. These results serve to reaffirm our belief that the strategic plan implemented by management 
and supported by the Board is proving to be effective for the company’s growth.

Our results also  reflect the competence and commitment of our employees,  led by an experienced  and passionate 
management team. I would like to congratulate our President and Chief Executive Officer, Eric La Flèche, as well as all 
of the members of the METRO team for these results and the work accomplished during the year.

Board of Directors
Ms. Marie-José Nadeau and Mr. Marc DeSerres, who have been directors of the Corporation respectively for 18 and 17 
years, have decided to retire as directors of the Corporation and will not be director nominees at the Annual General 
Meeting of shareholders. Ms. Nadeau has chaired the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee since 2015 
and ensured that METRO became an example of good governance. On behalf of my colleagues and our shareholders, 
I  would  like  to  thank  them  for  their  contribution  and  for  the  leadership  they  have  shown  during  their  tenure.  Their 
professionalism and their experience were very valuable for the Corporation.

In  order  to  ensure  an  organized  and  thoughtful  transition,  the  Board  appointed  Mr.  Pierre  Boivin  as  a  director  last 
September. Mr. Boivin therefore stands for election for the first time. Mr. Boivin is President and Chief Executive Officer 
of Claridge Inc., a private placement firm. He also is a board member of the National Bank of Canada and of the Canadian 
Tire Corporation, Limited, and has been involved in the development of artificial intelligence in Québec and in Canada 
for several years. The second director seat will be left vacant and the Board will be reduced to 13 members. The Board 
believes that this number is adequate to fulfill its mandate in an efficient manner.

Throughout the year, the Board of Directors has continued to oversee and support management in its various projects 
and in the realization of the Corporation’s various business plans in order to ensure long-term value for shareholders.

This year, the Board of Directors has adopted a written policy on shareholder engagement which outlines how the Board 
communicates with shareholders and how shareholders can communicate with the Board and management of METRO. 
This policy also outlines the matters on which the Board of Directors can engage with shareholders, specifically: corporate 
governance practices and disclosure; board performance; executive performance and compensation; and Board and 
Committee composition and qualifications.

METRO recognizes the value of diversity, in particular with regards to experience, expertise and the representation of 
men and women on the Board of Directors. This is why the Board has adopted in 2016 a minimum target of 30% for the 
representation of men and women on the Board. Once again, this year, the Board will continue to meet this target as 
there will be four women on the Board in 2020, representing 31% of board members.

I would like to thank all Board members for their collaboration and their commitment in making METRO a successful 
and innovative company which continues to build for the future. Finally, thank you to our shareholders for their continued 
trust.

Réal Raymond
Chair of the Board

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 4 -

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT AND CEO

Dear Shareholders,

METRO had an outstanding year in 2019, both in terms of strategic progress and financial performance. We achieved 
significant milestones with respect to the combination of our pharmacy activities following the acquisition of the Jean 
Coutu Group, the modernization program for our Ontario distribution centres, and the deployment of online grocery 
shopping. Our financial results and our customers satisfaction metrics demonstrate that our team successfully meets 
the challenges that arise every day in the highly competitive food and pharmacy sectors.

2019 results
Sales for fiscal 2019 were $16,767.5 million, up 16.6%, or 3.2% excluding the Jean Coutu Group. Adjusted net earnings(1)
for fiscal 2019 stood at $731.6 million, and adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share(1) were $2.84, up 26.3% and 
17.8%,  respectively.  Food  same-store  sales  were  up  3.6%  while  pharmacy  same-store  sales  increased  2.4%,  with 
prescription drugs up 1.8% and in front-store sales up 3.4%.

We are very pleased with our 2019 results. Competition remains intense, consumer expectations are high and shift 
rapidly, and we strive to execute our business plans well while innovating and adapting to market conditions. 

We will shortly complete the purchase of our partners’ shares in Première Moisson. We would like to thank the Fiset 
family for their collaboration since the beginning of our partnership in June 2014.

Combination of pharmacy activities
The combination of the activities of METRO, the Jean Coutu Group and McMahon is progressing as planned. We are 
well on track to meet our $75 million synergy target after three years having reached an annual run rate of $65 million 
after one year.

Our two organizations were highly complementary from a strategic, commercial and cultural standpoint. Combined, they 
provide us with a remarkable springboard for the future by strengthening our competitive position. Our pharmacy division 
now has 650 locations in Québec, Ontario and New Brunswick. It is focusing its efforts on developing the full potential 
of our two main brands, Jean Coutu and Brunet, which hold strong connections with consumers. Furthermore, during 
the last two quarters of the year, we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Jean Coutu banner with a strong promotional 
campaign.

We have made significant progress in establishing a unified operating platform. This involves putting in place structures, 
systems and processes that will allow us to be more agile and efficient to fuel our growth. Accordingly, we have begun 
to implement systems for pharmacy management as well as new point-of-sale and back office management systems 
in the Brunet network. These are high performance applications, in use at Jean Coutu, that will help drive success for 
our banners. 

We have also laid the foundations of our cross-selling strategy, with the introduction of the Personnelle brand, Jean 
Coutu’s emblematic private label, into the Brunet network and METRO’s Selection and Irresistibles private labels into 
the Jean Coutu network. In June, we successfully transferred the supply of our Ontario pharmacies to the Jean Coutu 
distribution centre in Varennes. 

Following the transaction with the Jean Coutu Group, at the request of the Competition Bureau, we sold rights in regard 
to ten pharmacies in fiscal 2019, including nine Brunet and one PJC Jean Coutu drugstores. 

Modernization of our Ontario distribution network 
Construction of our new fresh products distribution centre in Toronto got underway in September 2019, slightly behind 
schedule due to delays in obtaining permits. Costing $400 million over six-years, this project also includes construction 
of a new distribution centre for frozen products. Work on planning and developing new business processes has continued 
as planned. The delay in the approval process resulted in deferring to 2020 a portion of the capital expenditures planned 
for 2019.

Both centres will be automated or semi-automated and will feature leading-edge technology that will allow us to continue 
to grow in the Ontario market while better servicing our retail network. We will be even better positioned to meet our 
customers’ needs with greater efficiency and flexibility, to offer a wider variety of products and to be more accurate in 
preparing orders. 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 5 -

A leading-edge customer experience
Again  this  year,  together  with  our  affiliated  retailers,  we  continued  to  invest  in  our  retail  network  renovation  and 
improvement programs. We opened ten new food stores, including two relocations, and completed 20 major renovation 
projects. We restructured our network in Ontario in order to better meet customers’ needs by having the right format and 
banner in certain markets. The operation involved a dozen stores with significant investments for conversions to another 
banner, relocations and a few closures.

In addition, six pharmacies in Quebec were remodeled and in Ontario, we added a pharmacy in a new Metro store, for 
a total of 81 pharmacies in that province. 

Work continued on improving and developing our online grocery shopping service. This service is now available to 60% 
of the population of Québec and in the Greater Toronto Area. Orders are prepared by dedicated staff in seven Metro 
stores in Quebec and two stores in Ontario with home-delivery service or collect in store. Sales are progressing well 
and we believe our model allows us to meet customer demand while investing at a measured pace.

To  develop  and  increase  in-house  data  management  and  analytics  expertise,  we  created  a  dedicated  customer 
intelligence team. This team will work closely with our partner Dunnhumby to better support our food and pharmacy 
banners.

In 2019, all our food banners recorded improved customer satisfaction scores, a performance that we are proud of and 
that shows that our customer-focused strategies are effective. The “WOW” index presented by the Léger polling firm in 
Québec last November also confirmed as much. METRO maintained the first rank among large food distributors. The 
Super C banner remained in first place among discounters. New this year, the survey also assessed e-commerce, and 
Metro was ranked first among food retailers. 

The first Canadian BrandZ report ranked Metro the most valuable grocery brand in Canada and 19th most valuable 
Canadian brand overall. Super C, Food Basics and Jean Coutu were also among the Top 40 most valuable brands in 
Canada. METRO was also placed 10th in a recent study by the Reputation Institute on the reputation of companies doing 
business in Canada. These impressive results are a tribute to the collective commitment of our teams and their excellent 
work.

We continued to invest in the development of our employees, with programs such as the METRO leadership training 
program. After training store managers and franchisees across our food store network last year, we extended the training 
to department managers this year in addition to launching a similar program for retail pharmacy management.

Financial position 
Over the course of fiscal 2019, our share price traded within a range of $39.04 to $58.94 and closed the year at $57.91, 
compared to $40.18 at the end of fiscal 2018, or an increase of 44% for the year, 135% over 5 years and 400% over 
10 years.

Return for our shareholders remains a top priority for METRO. With this in mind, we increased our dividend by 11.0% 
in  2019,  the  25th  consecutive  year  of  dividend  increase. Also,  in  November  2018,  we  reinstated  our  share  buyback 
program  to  provide  us  with  an  additional  option  for  using  excess  funds.  Under  this  program,  we  had  repurchased 
3.2 million shares at an average price of $50.31, for a total consideration of $159.7 million.

Our financial situation remains very solid with a strong balance sheet that enables our future growth and allows the 
company to make strategic acquisitions if they arise.

Community investments 
We continue to actively contribute to the economic and social wellbeing of the communities we operate in. We take great 
pride in the “Thanks a Million!” award that METRO received from United Way Canada for a second consecutive year. 
The award is presented each year to Canadian businesses that donate $1 million or more to United Way, an amount 
that METRO and its team exceeded once again with a contribution of more than $1.9 million across Québec.

In June, 325 employees donated close to 1,250 hours to some 20 non-profit organizations as part of the second METRO 
volunteer activity. We are very proud of the generosity of our people, a true reflection of the important role we play in 
our communities. 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 6 -

Outlook(3) 
In Fiscal 2020, our teams will work to achieve our strategic priorities of combining pharmacy operations, modernizing 
our distribution network, accelerating the growth of online shopping and developing talent, while continuing to grow all 
our banners.  

To do so, we will press ahead with Phase 2 of the work to combine our pharmacy activities and will continue to realize 
synergies. Work will also continue to build the two new automated distribution centres in Toronto.   

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to François J. Coutu, who retired as President of the Jean Coutu Group 
(PJC) Inc. on May 31, 2019. François is a great builder and was a key contributor to the Group’s success since 1983. 
We will continue to benefit from François’ expertise and unique experience as he remains a member of our Board of 
Directors. I would like to extend a warm welcome to his successor as head of our pharmacy division, Alain Champagne, 
who has 30 years’ experience within large international companies in pharmacy distribution and consumer packaged 
goods. Alain will work to complete the integration and further develop our pharmacy business.

In closing, I would like to thank all our employees, our retailers and my management colleagues for their great work and 
contribution to our success. I also want to thank our directors for their support of our strategic projects and for their sound 
advice. Finally, thank you, dear shareholders, for your ongoing trust.

Eric R. La Flèche
President and Chief Executive Officer

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 7 -

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY

We have achieved to date many of the objectives set out in our 2016-2020 Corporate Responsibility (CR) Plan for each 
of the four pillars on which our approach is based: delighted customers, respect for the environment, strengthened 
communities and empowered employees. In 2019, we continued to integrate environmental, social and governance 
(ESG) factors into our business practices, pursued the roll out of our programs and initiated new projects. 

We released our Packaging and Printed Materials Management Policy, which covers all our activities and aims to both 
reduce and optimize. Building on the many initiatives we have carried out over the years and specifically those related 
to our private brand product packaging, we are confident that our measures will enable us to take on these challenges 
responsibly and efficiently and contribute to the global movement to tackle single-use plastics.

Another key issue on which we focused our attention this year is food waste. Through our One More Bite food recovery 
program, the equivalent of more than seven million meals were distributed by community organizations over one million 
more than last year. Also, along with other industry members, we committed to reduce the food waste generated by our 
activities by 50% by 2025 as compared to 2016. By donating unsold food products and managing our organic material, 
we are providing people with food and reducing the environmental impacts of organic waste in landfills. 

METRO has always been present in communities. In addition to the Corporation’s in cash and in-kind donations, we 
were once again able to count on the generosity of our employees, customers and suppliers, who donated $4.6 million 
in 2019. The second edition of our volunteering activity has seen an increase of three times more than in 2018 with 325 
participating employees. Held during regular workhours, the volunteers gave close to 1,250 hours to support some 
20 community organizations.

Again last year, it was very clear that our customers’ interest in health and wellness remained strong, and we therefore 
continued to expand and promote our healthy product offer. Our food and pharmacy banners led actions to support 
customers seeking to adopt a healthy lifestyle by providing information and advice.  

Consumers are also very sensitive to the social and environmental impacts of the products they purchase matters we 
tackle through our responsible procurement programs. In 2019, in addition to continuing to document practices across 
our supply chain, we launched projects to promote our initiatives to customers. In Québec, we led the Freshness You 
Can trace campaign to provide complete and transparent information on the provenance of our seafood products in 
response to customer demand. We also vigorously pursued our efforts to support local purchasing and raise awareness 
among our customers in Québec and Ontario.  

We also made further progress on the roll out of our environmental programs in our stores and distribution centres. We 
stepped up our efforts to increase our waste diversion rates and are encouraged by the performance of a number of 
stores, since nearly half of our network of corporate and franchised food stores has a diversion rate of over 70%.  This 
past year also saw a number of transport efficiency initiatives that we intend to sustain to reduce the intensity of our 
GHG emissions. With regard to the energy efficiency of our stores, our new construction standards confirm how effective 
our measures are.  

There was good progress in the implementation of our CR approach in 2019. As we enter the final year of our 2016-2020 
plan, we remain focused on our priorities for each pillar.

More information on METRO’s directions and achievements is available in our corporate responsibility report for fiscal 
year 2019 (available January 28, 2020) and background documents, which are available at https://corpo.metro.ca/en/
corporate-social-responsibility.html.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 8 -

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the year ended September 28, 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Overview .......................................................................................................................................................
Goal, mission and strategy ............................................................................................................................
Key performance indicators ...........................................................................................................................
Key achievements .........................................................................................................................................
Selected annual information ..........................................................................................................................
Outlook ..........................................................................................................................................................
Operating results ...........................................................................................................................................
Quarterly highlights .......................................................................................................................................
Cash position ................................................................................................................................................
Financial position ...........................................................................................................................................
Sources of financing ......................................................................................................................................
Contractual obligations ..................................................................................................................................
Related party transactions .............................................................................................................................
Event after the reporting period .....................................................................................................................
Fourth quarter

...............................................................................................................................................
Derivative financial instruments .....................................................................................................................
New accounting standards ............................................................................................................................
Forward-looking information ..........................................................................................................................
Non-IFRS measurements ..............................................................................................................................
Controls and procedures ...............................................................................................................................
Significant judgements and estimates ...........................................................................................................
Risk management

.........................................................................................................................................
Management's responsibility for financial reporting .......................................................................................
Independent auditors' report

..........................................................................................................................
Annual consolidated financial statements ......................................................................................................

Page

11

11

12

12

13

14

15

18

20

21

24

25

25

25

25

27

27

29

30

30

30

32

35

36

39

.

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis sets out the financial position and consolidated results of METRO INC. for the 
fiscal year ended September 28, 2019, and should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and the 
accompanying notes as at September 28, 2019. This report is based upon information as at November 19, 2019 unless otherwise 
indicated. Additional information, including the Annual Information Form and Certification Letters for fiscal 2019, is available on the 
SEDAR website at www.sedar.com.

- 10 -

OVERVIEW

The Corporation is a leader in food and pharmaceutical industry in Québec and Ontario.

The Corporation, as a retailer, franchisor or distributor, operates under different grocery banners in the conventional 
supermarket and discount segments. For consumers seeking a higher level of service and a greater variety of products, 
we operate 327 supermarkets under the Metro and Metro Plus banners. The 232 discount stores operating under the 
Super C and Food Basics banners offer products at low prices to consumers who are both cost and quality-conscious. 
The Adonis banner, which currently has 13 stores, is specialized in fresh products and Mediterranean and Middle-Eastern 
products. The majority of the stores are owned by the Corporation or by structured entities and their financial statements 
are consolidated with those of the Corporation. Independent owners bound to the Corporation by leases or affiliation 
agreements operate a large number of Metro and Metro Plus stores. Supplying these stores contributes to our sales.  
The Corporation also acts as a distributor for independent neighborhood grocery stores. Their purchases are included 
in the Corporation's sales. The Corporation also operates Première Moisson, a company specialized in premium quality 
artisan bakery, pastry, and deli products. Première Moisson sells its products to the Corporation’s stores, to restaurants 
and other chains as well as directly to consumers in its 25 stores. 

The Corporation also acts as franchisor and distributor for 415 PJC Jean Coutu, PJC Health et PJC Health & Beauty 
drugstores as well as 163 Brunet Plus, Brunet, Brunet Clinique, and Clini Plus drugstores, held by pharmacist owners. 
The Corporation operates 72 drugstores in Ontario under Metro Pharmacy and Food Basics Pharmacy banners and 
their sales are included in the Corporation's sales. Sales also include the supply of non-franchised drugstores and various 
health centres. The Corporation is also active in generic drug manufacturing through its subsidiary Pro Doc Ltée.

GOAL, MISSION AND STRATEGY

The Corporation’s goal is to provide the best customer experience in each of its banners.

Our mission is to exceed our customers’ expectations every day to earn their long-term loyalty.

The four pillars of our business strategy are : customer focus, best team, operational excellence and efficiency.

We put the customer at the heart of every decision. Friendly service, a pleasant and efficient shopping experience, 
quality products and competitive prices are our priorities.

The best team consists of leaders who put the Corporation’s interests first. Employee growth and leadership development 
and succession planning ensure its continued strength.

Operational excellence and efficiency are achieved through high operating standards, a results-driven corporate culture, 
engaging all employees and monitoring performance so as to react swiftly.

Our  business  strategy  is  founded  on  corporate  responsibility. The  fundamental  purpose  of  our  actions  is  to  ensure 
profitable growth for all: employees, shareholders, business partners and the communities that we serve.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 11 -

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

We evaluate the Corporation's overall performance using the following principal indicators:

•  sales:

  same-store sales growth;
  average customer transaction size and number of transactions;
  average weekly sales;
  average weekly sales per square foot;
  prescription count growth;
  percentage of sales represented by customers who are loyalty program members;
  market share;
  customer satisfaction;
•  gross margin percentage;
•  sales per hour worked by store to assess productivity;
•  operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings as a percentage of sales;
•  net earnings as a percentage of sales;
•  net earnings per share growth;
• 
• 

return on equity;
retail network investments:

  dollar value and nature of store investments;
  number of stores;
  store square footage growth.

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS

Sales for fiscal 2019 totalled $16,767.5 million versus $14,383.4 million for fiscal 2018, an increase of 16.6%. Excluding 
from fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 sales of $3,121.8 million and $1,157.7 million, respectively, generated by the Jean Coutu 
Group, sales were up 3.2%. Net earnings for fiscal 2019 were $714.4 million, a decrease of 58.4% from $1,718.5 million 
for fiscal 2018. Fully diluted net earnings per share were $2.78 compared with $7.16, down 61.2%. Adjusted net earnings(1)
for fiscal 2019 totalled $731.6 million compared with $579.2 million for fiscal 2018, and adjusted fully diluted net earnings 
per share(1) amounted to $2.84 versus $2.41, up 26.3% and 17.8%, respectively.

We realized several projects over the fiscal year, including the following major ones:

•  We continued  to combine  pharmacy activities  and share best practices between METRO and the Jean Coutu 
Group. The first phase of the consolidation of our wholesale pharmaceutical business was completed the past 
summer. Orders from over 300 Ontario clients are now centralized at our state-of-the-art Varennes distribution 
centre. This constitutes the first step toward implementing an integrated operational chain for greater agility and 
efficiency. Synergies generated in fiscal 2019 amounted to $58 million and to date, we have generated annualized 
synergies of $65 million(3).
Pursuant to the agreement reached with Canada’s Commissioner of Competition following the Jean Coutu Group 
acquisition, we completed the divestiture of rights in 10 pharmacies.

• 

• 

In October 2017, we announced a $400 million investment over six years in our Ontario distribution network. As 
part of this investment, construction of the new semi-automated fresh food distribution centre located close to our 
current Vickers Road facility in Toronto started in September 2019. Our new distribution centre equipped with state-
of-the-art technology will help us improve service to our store network and offer greater product freshness and 
variety.  METRO will be able to better meet the constantly evolving customer preferences and position itself as the 
retailer providing the best customer experience in each of its banners.  

•  We continued to invest in our stores. In Québec, we relocated a Super C and an Adonis and carried out major 
renovations at ten other stores. In Ontario, we opened two Metro and three Food Basics stores as well as an Adonis 
store, converted two Metro stores into Food Basics and carried out major renovations at 10 other stores.

•  With the opening of a bakery on Laurier Street in Montréal, Première Moisson now has 22 bakeries in the Montréal 

area plus one in Québec City and two more in the Ottawa-Gatineau area.

•  We launched our online grocery service in Ontario on May 7, 2019 and now 1.9 million households in the Greater 
Toronto Area can benefit from this service. Customers can pick up their orders in one of two stores or have them 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 12 -

delivered. Products are selected by METRO employees specially trained to choose the freshest food in the store, 
so that customers feel they have chosen their items themselves.

•  METRO  also  placed  10th  in  a  recent  study  on  the  reputation  of  companies  doing  business  in  Canada,  by  the 
Reputation Institute. This was the first time we made the top 50. The first Canadian BrandZ report ranked Metro 
the most valuable grocery brand in Canada and 19th most valuable Canadian brand overall. 
The Jean Coutu Group celebrated 50 years of operations, namely 50 years of quality customer service, 50 years 
of innovations, 50 years of friendships. During this holiday period, the Jean Coutu Group wishes, more than ever, 
to clarify and reaffirm the philosophy that has been driving it since inception: At Jean Coutu, "you’ll find it all... even 
a friend!”.

• 

•  We continued to implement our corporate responsibility plan and reiterated our commitment to help find solutions 
to some of the most pressing issues in our industry. On January 17, 2019, along with other companies, we made 
a public commitment to reduce by 50% food waste in our operations by 2025. We have already implemented major 
projects to this end, namely our waste management program and the Récupartage food donation program. During 
the year, we unveiled our packaging and print management policy and intend to reduce by 50% single-use plastic 
bags in METRO's food and pharmacy banners by the end of fiscal 2023.  These initiatives complement those 
already in place, namely the energy efficiency of our buildings, a program for the packaging of our private label 
food products and the opportunity for our customers in Québec's Metro stores to bring their reusable containers 
to purchase fresh products. 

SELECTED ANNUAL INFORMATION

2019

2018

Change

2017

Change

(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

(52 weeks)

(52 weeks)

%

(53 weeks)

Sales

16,767.5

14,383.4

16.6

13,175.3

Net earnings attributable to equity holders of the parent

711.6

1,716.5

Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests

Net earnings

Basic net earnings per share

Fully diluted net earnings per share
Adjusted net earnings(1)
Adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share(1)
Return on equity (%)

Dividends per share (Dollars)

Total assets

Current and non-current portions of debt

2.8

2.0

714.4

1,718.5

2.79

2.78

731.6

2.84

12.3

7.20

7.16

579.2

2.41

40.1

0.7800

0.7025

11,073.9

10,922.2

2,657.6

2,643.7

(58.5)

40.0

(58.4)

(61.3)

(61.2)

26.3

17.8

—

11.0

1.4

0.5

591.7

16.7

608.4

2.59

2.57

548.2

2.31

21.7

0.6275

6,050.7

1,454.5

%

9.2

190.1

(88.0)

182.5

178.0

178.6

5.7

4.3

—

12.0

80.5

81.8

Sales for fiscal 2019 totalled $16,767.5 million versus $14,383.4 million for fiscal 2018, an increase of 16.6%. Excluding 
from fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 sales of $3,121.8 million and $1,157.7 million, respectively, generated by the Jean Coutu 
Group, sales were up 3.2%. Sales for fiscal 2018 totalled $14,383.4 million versus $13,175.3 million for fiscal 2017, an 
increase of 9.2%. Excluding $1,157.7 million in sales from fiscal 2018 resulting from the Jean Coutu Group as well as 
the 53rd week of fiscal 2017, sales were up 2.4%.

Net earnings for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 totalled $714.4 million, $1,718.5 million and $608.4 million, respectively, 
while fully diluted net earnings per share amounted to $2.78, $7.16 and $2.57. Taking into account the items relating to 
fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 shown in the “Net earnings adjustments” table in the “Operating results” section, as well as 
the share of an associate’s (ACT) earnings for fiscal 2017, adjusted net earnings(1) for fiscal 2019 stood at $731.6 million 
compared with $579.2 million for fiscal 2018 and $548.2 million for fiscal 2017, while adjusted fully diluted net earnings 
per share(1) was $2.84 for 2019 compared with $2.41 for 2018 and $2.31 for 2017, up 17.8% and 4.3%. The 53rd week 
of fiscal 2017 had a favourable impact of $11.9 million on net earnings and $0.05 on fully diluted net earnings per share.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 13 -

After performing exceptionally well at 40.1% in 2018 due to the gain on disposal of our investment in ACT in order to 
pay part of the acquisition of the Jean Coutu Group, return on equity in 2019 was 12.3%, impacted by the 2018 share 
issuance also in connection with acquisition of the Jean Coutu Group. This acquisition and the financing required explain 
the increase in assets as well as in debt in 2018 compared with 2017.

OUTLOOK(3)

In Fiscal 2020, our teams will work to achieve our strategic priorities of combining pharmacy operations, modernizing 
our distribution network, accelerating the growth of online shopping and developing talent, while continuing to grow all 
our banners.  

To do so, we will press ahead with Phase 2 of the work to combine our pharmacy activities and will continue to realize 
synergies. Work will also continue to build the two new automated distribution centres in Toronto.  

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 14 -

OPERATING RESULTS

The Jean Coutu Group (PJC) Inc. (“Jean Coutu Group”) acquisition was completed on May 11, 2018, and its results 
were consolidated with the Corporation’s results as of that date. As such, the fiscal 2018 results include the results of 
the  Jean  Coutu  Group  for  slightly  more  than  20  weeks.  In  addition,  the  results  for  the  first  quarter  of  2018  include 
significant gains following the disposal of our investment in Alimentation Couche-Tard (ACT). 

SALES

Sales for fiscal 2019 totalled $16,767.5 million versus $14,383.4 million for fiscal 2018, an increase of 16.6%. Excluding 
from fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 sales of $3,121.8 million and $1,157.7 million, respectively, generated by the Jean Coutu 
Group, sales were up 3.2%. Food same-store sales were up 3.6%. Pharmacy same-store sales were up 2.4% with a 
1.8% increase in prescription drugs (number of prescriptions were up 2.4%) and a 3.4% increase in front-store sales.

OPERATING INCOME BEFORE DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION AND ASSOCIATES' EARNINGS

This earnings measurement excludes financial costs, taxes, depreciation and amortization, the share of earnings and 
gain on disposal of investments in associates as well as the gain on revaluation and disposal of an investment at fair 
value. 

Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associates' earnings for fiscal 2019 totalled $1,321.5 million 
or 7.9% of sales compared with $1,011.1 million or 7.0% of sales for fiscal 2018. During fiscal 2019, we recorded retail 
network restructuring expenses of $36.0 million and generated a net gain of $6.0 million on the divestiture of pharmacies 
while for fiscal 2018, we recorded pharmacy network closure and restructuring expenses of $31.4 million, a $28.7 million 
expense related to the Jean Coutu Group acquisition and a $11.4 million expense for distribution network modernization. 
Excluding those items, adjusted operating income before depreciation and amortization and associates' earnings(2) for 
fiscal 2019 totalled $1,351.5 million or 8.1% of sales, compared with $1,082.6 million or 7.5% of sales for fiscal 2018. 
This increase was largely driven by the Jean Coutu Group acquisition.

Synergies related to the Jean Coutu acquisition generated in fiscal 2019 amounted to $58 million and to date, we have 
generated annualized synergies of $65 million(3).

Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associates' earnings adjustments (OI)(2)

(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Operating income before depreciation and
amortization and associates' earnings

Retail network restructuring expenses

Gain on divestiture of pharmacies

Pharmacy network closure and restructuring

expenses

Business acquisition-related expenses

Distribution network modernization project

expenses

Adjusted operating income before depreciation 
and amortization and associates' earnings(2)

2019

Sales

OI

1,321.5

16,767.5

(%)

7.9

2018

Sales

OI

1,011.1

14,383.4

(%)

7.0

36.0

(6.0)

—

—

—

—

—

31.4

28.7

11.4

1,351.5

16,767.5

8.1

1,082.6

14,383.4

7.5

Gross margin on sales for fiscal 2019 were 19.9% versus 19.7% for fiscal 2018.

For fiscal 2019, operating expenses as a percentage of sales was 12.0% compared with 12.6% for fiscal 2018. Excluding 
from fiscal 2019 the retail network restructuring expenses of $36.0 million and the $6.0 million net gain generated from 
the  divestiture  of  pharmacies,  and  excluding  from  fiscal  2018  the  $31.4 million  for  pharmacy  network  closure  and 
restructuring expenses, the $28.7 million expense related to the Jean Coutu Group acquisition and the $11.4 million 
expense  for  distribution  network  modernization,  operating  expenses  as  a  percentage  of  sales  was  11.8%  in  2019 
compared with 12.1% in 2018. This difference is attributable to the inclusion of the Jean Coutu Group, partially offset 
by higher transportation costs.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 15 -

DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION AND NET FINANCIAL COSTS

Total depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal 2019 were $286.4 million versus $233.5 million for fiscal 2018. 
Amortization of intangible assets acquired in connection with the Jean Coutu Group acquisition amounted to $38.7 million 
for fiscal 2019 compared with $15.0 million for fiscal 2018. 

Net financial costs for fiscal 2019 were $103.8 million compared with $80.2 million for fiscal 2018. This increase stemmed 
primarily from the notes issued for the Jean Coutu Group acquisition.

SHARE OF EARNINGS, GAIN ON DISPOSAL OF INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES AND GAIN ON REVALUATION 
AND DISPOSAL OF AN INVESTMENT AT FAIR VALUE 

During fiscal 2019, the Company disposed of its investment in Colo-D Inc., an associate presented in other assets, for 
a total cash consideration of $59.0 million. A gain before income taxes of $36.4 million on the disposal of this investment 
was recognized in earnings.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, to fund a portion of the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, we disposed of most of our 
investment in ACT, and recorded a gain of $1,107.4 million. As a result of this disposal, the Corporation no longer has 
significant influence over ACT. Consequently, the investment was revalued at fair value and the Corporation recorded 
a $241.1 million fair value revaluation gain in net earnings. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we disposed of the majority 
of this investment at fair value and entered into a forward agreement with a financial institution for the disposal of the 
remaining shares. The disposal was completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and the final revaluation of the financial 
liability resulted in a gain of $1.5 million recognized in net earnings. 

No share of an associate's earnings was recorded in fiscal 2019 in comparison with a $30.8 million share recorded in 
fiscal 2018.

INCOME TAXES

The income tax expense of $254.8 million for fiscal 2019 and $358.2 million for fiscal 2018 represented an effective tax 
rate of 26.3% and 17.2% respectively. The low effective rate in 2018 resulted from the gain on disposal of the majority 
of our investment in ACT and the gain on fair value revaluation and disposal of our residual investment.

NET EARNINGS AND ADJUSTED NET EARNINGS(1)

Net earnings for fiscal 2019 were $714.4 million, a decrease of 58.4% from $1,718.5 million for fiscal 2018. Fully diluted 
net earnings per share were $2.78 compared with $7.16, down 61.2%. Excluding the specific items shown in the table 
below, adjusted net earnings(1) for fiscal 2019 totalled $731.6 million compared with $579.2 million for fiscal 2018, and 
adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share(1) amounted to $2.84 versus $2.41, up 26.3% and 17.8%, respectively.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 16 -

Net earnings adjustments(1)

Net earnings

714.4

2.78

1,718.5

7.16

(58.4)

(61.2)

2019

2018

Change (%)

(Millions of
dollars)

Fully
diluted EPS
(Dollars)

(Millions of
dollars)

Fully diluted
EPS
(Dollars)

Net
earnings

Fully
diluted
EPS

Retail network restructuring expenses, after

taxes

Gain on divestiture of pharmacies, after taxes

Pharmacy network closure and restructuring

expenses, after taxes

Business acquisition-related expenses, after

taxes

Distribution network modernization project

expenses, after taxes

Amortization of intangible assets acquired in
connection with the Jean Coutu Group
acquisition, after taxes

Income on business acquisition-related short-
term investments and security deposits,
after taxes

Interest on notes issued in connection with a

business acquisition, after taxes

Financial costs on the balance payable for

the buyout of minority interests, after taxes

Gain on the disposal of investments in

associates, after taxes

Gain on revaluation and disposal of an
investment at fair value, after taxes

Share of an associate's earnings, after taxes
Adjusted net earnings(1)

26.4

(4.7)

—

—

—

28.5

—

—

—

(31.9)

(1.1)

—

731.6

2.84

—

—

23.0

22.7

8.4

11.0

(15.6)

14.0

1.3

(968.1)

(209.3)

(26.7)

579.2

2.41

26.3

17.8

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 17 -

QUARTERLY HIGHLIGHTS

(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

2019

2018 Change (%)

Sales
Q1(4)
Q2(4)
Q3(5)
Q4(4)
Fiscal

Net earnings
Q1(4)
Q2(4)
Q3(5)
Q4(4)
Fiscal
Adjusted net earnings(1)
Q1(4)
Q2(4)
Q3(5)
Q4(4)
Fiscal

Fully diluted net earnings per share (Dollars)
Q1(4)
Q2(4)
Q3(5)
Q4(4)
Fiscal
Adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share(1) (Dollars)
Q1(4)
Q2(4)
Q3(5)
Q4(4)
Fiscal

(4) 12 weeks
(5) 16 weeks

3,977.7

3,701.6

5,229.3

3,858.9

3,111.8

2,899.0

4,636.4

3,736.2

16,767.5

14,383.4

27.8

27.7

12.8

3.3

16.6

203.1

121.5

222.4

167.4

714.4

172.2

155.1

230.3

174.0

731.6

0.79

0.47

0.86

0.66

2.78

0.67

0.60

0.90

0.68

2.84

1,299.1

(84.4)

106.9

167.5

145.0

13.7

32.8

15.4

1,718.5

(58.4)

126.7

108.1

183.4

161.0

579.2

5.67

0.47

0.69

0.56

7.16

0.55

0.47

0.75

0.63

2.41

35.9

43.5

25.6

8.1

26.3

(86.1)

—

24.6

17.9

(61.2)

21.8

27.7

20.0

7.9

17.8

Sales in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 reached $3,977.7 million, up 27.8% compared with $3,111.8 million in the first 
quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding $757.1 million in sales for the first quarter of 2019 resulting from the Jean Coutu Group, 
sales  were up  3.5%.  In  the  first  quarter,  food  same-store  sales  were  up  3.2%  and  inflation  in  our  food  basket  was 
approximately  1.8%.  Pharmacy  same-store  sales  were  up 1.5%,  0.8%  for  prescription  drugs  (2.2%  for  number  of 
prescriptions) and 2.0% for front store sales.

Sales in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 reached $3,701.6 million, up 27.7% compared to $2,899.0 million in the second 
quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding $686.4 million in sales for the second quarter of 2019 resulting from the Jean Coutu 
Group, sales were up 4.0%. In the second quarter, food same-store sales were up 4.3% and inflation in our food basket 
was approximately 2.5%. Pharmacy same-store sales were up 1.1%, with a 0.1% decline in prescription drugs (number 
of prescriptions were up 2.2%) and a 3.6% increase in front-store sales.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 18 -

Sales in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 reached $5,229.3 million, up 12.8% compared to $4,636.4 million in the third 
quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding from 2019 and 2018 sales of $965.4 million and $467.0 million, respectively, generated 
by the Jean Coutu Group, sales were up 2.3%. Food same-store sales were up 3.1% (2.0% in 2018) and inflation in our 
food basket was approximately 2.5% (0.5% in 2018). Pharmacy same-store sales were up 3.4% (1.8% in 2018), with a 
2.9% increase in prescription drugs (number of prescriptions were up 2.7%) and a 4.3% increase in front-store sales.

Sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 reached $3,858.9 million, up 3.3% compared to $3,736.2 million in the fourth
quarter  of  fiscal  2018.  Food  same-store  sales  were  up  4.1%  (2.1%  in  2018)  and  inflation  in  our  food  basket  was 
approximately 2.8% (0.8% in 2018). Pharmacy same-store sales were up 3.4% (1.8% in 2018), with a 3.4% increase in 
prescription drugs (number of prescriptions were up 2.4%) and a 3.4% increase in front-store sales.

Net earnings for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 were $203.1 million, a decrease of 84.4% from $1,299.1 million for the 
first quarter of fiscal 2018. Fully diluted net earnings per share decreased by 86.1% to $0.79 from $5.67 in 2018. Excluding 
from the first quarter of fiscal 2019 the $7.4 million gain on divestiture of pharmacies, $9.0 million in amortization of 
intangible assets acquired in connection with the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, the $35.4 million gain on disposal of 
the investment in associate Colo-D Inc., and the $1.5 million gain on revaluation and disposal of an investment at fair 
value, and excluding from the first quarter of fiscal 2018 business acquisition-related expenses of $2.0 million, distribution 
network modernization project expenses of $11.4 million, the $1,107.4 million gain on disposal of the majority of our 
investment in ACT, the $225.6 million fair value revaluation gain on our residual investment in ACT, the $30.8 million 
share  of  an  associate’s  earnings  (ACT),  $5.3 million  in  interest  income  on  business  acquisition-related  short-term 
investments and security deposits, $2.2 million in interest expense on the notes issued to complete the acquisition, 
$1.8 million in financial costs on the balance payable in connection with the buyout of minority interests in Adonis and 
Phoenicia, as well as income taxes relating to all these items, adjusted net earnings(1) for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 
totalled $172.2 million compared with $126.7 million for the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018 and adjusted fully diluted 
net earnings per share(1) amounted to $0.67 compared with $0.55, up 35.9% and 21.8%, respectively.

Net earnings for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were $121.5 million, an increase of 13.7% from $106.9 million for the 
second quarter of fiscal 2018, while fully diluted net earnings per share were $0.47, the same as for the corresponding 
quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding from the second quarter of 2019 the retail network restructuring expenses of $36.0 million, 
the  $1.4 million  loss  on  divestiture  of  pharmacies  and  $8.8 million  in  amortization  of  intangible  assets  acquired  in 
connection with the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, and excluding from the second quarter of fiscal 2018 $1.6 million 
expenses related to the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, $9.7 million in interest income on business acquisition-related 
short-term investments and security deposits and $9.8 million in interest expense on the notes issued to complete the 
acquisition, as well as income taxes relating to all these items, adjusted net earnings(1) for the second quarter of fiscal 
2019 totalled $155.1 million compared with $108.1 million for the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018 and adjusted fully 
diluted net earnings per share(1) amounted to $0.60 compared with $0.47, up 43.5% and 27.7%, respectively.

Net earnings for the third quarter of fiscal 2019 were $222.4 million, an increase of 32.8% from $167.5 million for the 
third  quarter  of  fiscal  2018,  while  fully  diluted  net  earnings  per  share  were  $0.86,  compared  with  $0.69  for  the 
corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding from the third quarter of 2019 the $1.0 million gain resulting from the 
selling price adjustment related to the investment in associate Colo-D Inc. and $11.9 million in amortization of intangible 
assets acquired in connection with the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, and excluding from the third quarter of fiscal 2018 
$25.1 million expenses related to the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, $6.0 million in amortization of intangible assets 
acquired in connection with the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, $6.3 million in interest income on business acquisition-
related short-term investments and security deposits and $7.1 million in interest expense on the notes issued to complete 
the acquisition, as well as income taxes relating to all these items, adjusted net earnings(1) for the third quarter of fiscal 
2019 totalled $230.3 million compared with $183.4 million for the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018 and adjusted fully 
diluted net earnings per share(1) amounted to $0.90 compared with $0.75, up 25.6% and 20.0%, respectively.

Net earnings for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 were $167.4 million, an increase of 15.4% from $145.0 million for the 
fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2018,  while  fully  diluted  net  earnings  per  share  were  $0.66,  compared  with  $0.56  for  the 
corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding from the fourth quarter of 2019 the amortization of intangible assets 
acquired in connection with the Jean Coutu Group acquisition of $9.0 million and from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018  
the pharmacy network closure and restructuring expenses of $31.4 million, the amortization of intangible assets acquired 
in connection with the Jean Coutu Group acquisition of $9.0 million, the gain on revaluation and disposal on an investment 
at fair value of $15.5 million, as well as income taxes relating to all these items, adjusted net earnings(1) for the fourth
quarter of fiscal 2019 totalled $174.0 million compared with $161.0 million for the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 19 -

and  adjusted  fully  diluted  net  earnings  per  share(1)  amounted  to  $0.68  compared  with  $0.63,  up  8.1%  and  7.9%, 
respectively.

(Millions of dollars)

Net earnings

Retail network restructuring expenses, after

taxes

Loss (gain) on divestiture of pharmacies,

after taxes

Pharmacy network closure and restructuring

expenses, after taxes

Business acquisition-related expenses, after

taxes

Distribution network modernization project

expenses, after taxes

Amortization of intangible assets acquired in
connection with the Jean Coutu Group
acquisition, after taxes

Income on business acquisition-related
short-term investments and security
deposits, after taxes

Interest on notes issued in connection with a

business acquisition, after taxes

Financial costs on the balance payable for
the buyout of minority interests, after
taxes

Gain on disposal of investments in

associates, after taxes

Gain on revaluation and disposal of an
investment at fair value, after taxes

Share of an associate's earnings, after taxes
Adjusted net earnings(1)

2019

2018

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

203.1

121.5

222.4

167.4

1,299.1

106.9

167.5

145.0

— 26.4

(5.4)

0.7

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1.5

8.4

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

— 23.0

1.1

20.1

—

—

—

—

6.6

6.5

8.8

6.6

—

—

4.4

6.6

—

—

—

(31.0)

(1.1)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(0.9)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(3.9)

(7.1)

(4.6)

1.6

7.2

5.2

—

(9.2)

1.3

(958.9)

(195.7)

(26.7)

—

—

—

—

— (13.6)

—

—

—

—

—

—

172.2

155.1

230.3

174.0

126.7

108.1

183.4

161.0

(Dollars)

Fully diluted net earnings per share

Adjustments impact

Adjusted fully diluted net earnings per 

share(1)

2019

2018

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

0.79

(0.12)

0.47

0.13

0.86

0.04

0.66

0.02

5.67

0.47

0.69

(5.12)

— 0.06

0.56

0.07

0.67

0.60

0.90

0.68

0.55

0.47

0.75

0.63

CASH POSITION

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Operating activities generated cash inflows of $687.7 million in fiscal 2019 compared with $750.4 million in fiscal 2018.  
The difference resulted primarily from the payment, in the first quarter of 2019, of taxes payable as at September 29, 2018, 
which were higher due to the gain realized on the disposal of our investment in ACT in fiscal 2018.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 20 -

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

In fiscal 2019, investing activities required cash outflows of $308.5 million compared with $1,677.5 million for fiscal 2018. 
This variation stemmed mainly from the $3,033.0 million business acquisition, net of cash acquired, the $221.2 million 
settlement of the buyout of minority interests in Adonis and Phoenicia, and $1,791.6 million in net proceeds on disposal 
of the investment in ACT, all in 2018, compared with $59.0 million in proceeds on disposal of the investment in associate 
Colo-D Inc. in 2019.

During fiscal 2019, we and our retailers opened 8 stores and carried out major expansions and renovations of 20 stores, 
2 stores were relocated and 9 stores were closed for a net decrease of 11,800 square feet or 0.1% of our food retail 
network.

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

In fiscal 2019, financing activities required cash outflows of $332.7 million compared with cash inflows of $1,005.1 million 
in 2018. This difference stemmed primarily from a $1,173.6 million net increase in debt in 2018 owing to the issuance 
of Series F, G and H notes and to the term credit facility used to partly finance the Jean Coutu Group acquisition and 
$145.9 million in share repurchase in 2019.

FINANCIAL POSITION

We do not anticipate(3) any liquidity risk and consider our financial position at the end of fiscal 2019 as very solid. We 
had an unused authorized revolving credit facility of $600.0 million. Our non-current debt represented 30.6% of the 
combined total of non-current debt and equity (non-current debt/total capital). 

At the end of fiscal 2019, the main elements of our non-current debt were as follows:

Revolving Credit Facility

Interest Rate
Rates fluctuate with changes in bankers'

Maturity

Series E Notes

Rates fluctuate with changes in bankers'

acceptance rates

Series C Notes

Series F Notes

Series G Notes

Series B Notes

Series D Notes

Series H Notes

acceptance rates

3.20% fixed rate

2.68% fixed rate

3.39% fixed rate

5.97% fixed rate

5.03% fixed rate

4.27% fixed rate

Our main financial ratios were as follows:

Financial structure

Non-current debt (Millions of dollars)

Equity (Millions of dollars)

Non-current debt/total capital (%)

Balance
(Millions of dollars)

—

400.0

300.0

300.0

450.0

400.0

300.0

450.0

November 3, 2024

February 27, 2020

December 1, 2021

December 5, 2022

December 6, 2027

October 15, 2035

December 1, 2044

December 4, 2047

As at
September 28, 2019

As at
September 29, 2018

2,629.0

5,968.6

30.6

2,630.4

5,656.0

31.7

Since  the  Corporation  intends  to  refinance  the  Series  E  Notes  presented  under  non-current  debt,  the  amount  of 
$400.0 million was added to non-current debt when calculating the ratio of non-current debt to total capital. 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 21 -

Results

Operating income before depreciation and amortization and 

associates' earnings/Financial costs (Times)

CAPITAL STOCK

(Thousands)

Balance – beginning of year
Share issue
Share redemption

Stock options exercised

Balance – end of year

Balance as at November 29, 2019 and November 30, 2018

(Thousands)

Balance – beginning of year

Acquisition

Release

Balance – end of year

Balance as at November 29, 2019 and November 30, 2018

2019

12.7

Common Shares issued

2019

256,253
—
(2,925)

1,112

254,440

254,222

Treasury shares

2019

603

115

(141)

577

577

2018

12.6

2018

227,719
28,031
—

503

256,253

256,272

2018

579

250

(226)

603

603

STOCK OPTIONS PLAN

Stock options (Thousands)

Exercise prices (Dollars)

As at
November 29, 2019

As at
September 28, 2019

As at
September 29, 2018

2,249
20.30 to 48.68

2,281

3,067

20.30 to 48.68

17.72 to 44.73

Weighted average exercise price (Dollars)

37.38

37.30

30.30

PERFORMANCE SHARE UNIT PLAN

Performance share units (Thousands)

605

605

579

As at 
November 29, 2019

As at
September 28, 2019

As at
September 29, 2018

NORMAL COURSE ISSUER BID PROGRAM

Under the normal course issuer bid program covering the period between November 23, 2018 and November 22, 2019, 
the Corporation repurchased 3,175,000 Common Shares at an average price of 50.31 $, for a total consideration of 
$159.7 million. 

The Corporation decided to renew the issuer bid program as an additional option for using excess funds. Thus, the 
Corporation  will  be  able  to  repurchase,  in  the  normal  course  of  business,  between  November  25,  2019  and                  
November 24,  2020,  up  to  7,000,000  of  its  Common  Shares  representing  approximately  2.75  %  of  its  issued  and 
outstanding shares on November 12, 2019. Repurchases will be made through the facilities of the Toronto Stock Exchange 
at market price, in accordance with its policies and regulations, or through the facilities of alternative trading systems 
as well as by other means as may be permitted by a securities regulatory authority, including by private agreements. 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 22 -

BUYOUT OF NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

The Corporation will acquire the minority interest in Groupe Première Moisson Inc. in the first quarter of fiscal 2020. 
Consequently, the liability for this non-controlling interest has been reclassified in current liabilities.

DIVIDEND

For the 25th consecutive year, the Corporation paid quarterly dividends to its shareholders. The annual dividend increased 
by 11.0%, to $0.7800 per share compared to $0.7025 in 2018, for total dividends of $198.9 million in 2019 compared to 
$164.8 million in 2018. 

SHARE TRADING

The value of METRO shares remained in the $39.04 to $58.94 range throughout fiscal 2019 ($38.32 to $45.44 in 2018). 
A total of 139.6 million shares traded on the TSX during this fiscal year (120.4 million in 2018). The closing price on 
Friday, September 27, 2019 was $57.91, compared to $40.18 at the end of fiscal 2018. Since fiscal year-end, the value 
of METRO shares has remained in the $54.52 to $59.03 range. The closing price on November 29, 2019 was $58.18. 
METRO shares have maintained sustained growth over the last 10 years.

COMPARATIVE SHARE PERFORMANCE (10 YEARS)*

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 23 -

CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, various proceedings and claims are instituted against the Corporation. The Corporation 
contests the validity of these claims and proceedings and at this stage, the Corporation does not believe that these 
matters will have a material effect on the Corporation's financial position or on consolidated earnings. However, since 
any litigation involves uncertainty, it is not possible to predict the outcome of these litigations or the amount of potential 
losses. No accruals or provisions for contingent losses have been recognized in the Corporation’s annual consolidated 
financial statements. 

In May 2019, two proposed class actions relating to opioids were filed in Ontario and in Québec against a large group 
of defendants including a subsidiary of the Corporation, Pro Doc Ltée. The allegations in these proposed class actions 
are similar to the allegations contained in the proposed class action filed by the province of British Columbia in August 
2018 against numerous manufacturers and distributors of opioids, including subsidiaries of the Corporation, Pro Doc 
Ltée and The Jean Coutu Group (PJC) Inc. These proposed class actions contain allegations of breach of the Competition 
Act, of fraudulent misrepresentation and deceit, and of negligence. The province of British Columbia seeks damages 
(unquantified) on behalf of all federal, provincial and territorial governments and agencies for expenses allegedly incurred 
in paying for opioid prescriptions and other healthcare costs that would be related to opioid addiction and abuse while 
the Ontario and Québec proposed claims seek recovery of damages on behalf of opioid users directly. The Corporation 
believes these proceedings are without merit and that, in certain cases, there is no jurisdiction.  

In October 2017, the Canadian Competition Bureau began an investigation into the supply and sale of commercial bread 
which involves certain Canadian suppliers and retailers, including the Corporation. The Corporation continues to fully 
cooperate with the Competition Bureau. Class actions lawsuits have also been filed against the Corporation, suppliers 
and other retailers. Based on the information available to date, the Corporation does not believe that it or any of its 
employees have violated the Competition Act.  

During the 2016 fiscal year, an application for authorization to institute a class action was served on the Jean Coutu 
Group by Sopropharm, an association incorporated under the Professional Syndicates Act of which certain franchised 
drugstore owners of the Jean Coutu Group are members. The application seeks to have the class action authorized in 
the form of a declaratory action seeking amongst others (i) to set aside certain contractual provisions of the Jean Coutu 
Group’s standard franchise agreements, including the clause providing for the payment of royalties on sales of medication 
by  franchised  establishments;  (ii)  to  restore  certain  benefits;  and  (iii)  to  reduce  certain  contractual  obligations.  On 
November 1, 2018, the Court granted the application for authorization to institute a class action, the authorization process 
being merely a procedural step and the judgment in no way decides the case on the merits. The Corporation intends to 
contest this action on the merits. 

SOURCES OF FINANCING

Our operating activities generated in 2019 cash flows in the amount of $687.7 million. These cash flows were used to 
finance our investing activities, including $396.3 million in fixed and intangible assets acquisition, to redeem shares for 
an amount of $145.9 million, to pay dividends of $198.9 million, and to carry out other investing and financing activities.

At  2019 fiscal  year-end,  our  financial  position  mainly  consisted  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  in  the  amount  of 
$273.4 million, an unused authorized Revolving Credit Facility of $600.0 million maturing in 2024, Series E Notes in the 
amount of $400.0 million maturing in 2020, Series C Notes in the amount of $300.0 million maturing in 2021, Series F 
Notes in the amount of $300.0 million maturing in 2022, Series G Notes in the amount of $450.0 million maturing in 
2027, Series B Notes in the amount of $400.0 million maturing in 2035, Series D Notes in the amount of $300.0 million 
maturing in 2044 and Series H Notes in the amount of $450.0 million maturing in 2047. The Company intends to refinance 
the Series E Notes presented under non-current debt.

We believe(3) that cash flows from next year's operating activities will be sufficient to finance the Corporation's current 
investing activities.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 24 -

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Payment commitments by fiscal year (capital and interest)

(Millions of dollars)

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025 and thereafter

Loans

25.9

3.3

2.3

1.8

1.5

Notes

495.5

91.1

383.1

374.8

73.4

26.5

61.3

2,661.4

4,079.3

Finance
lease
commitments

Service
contract
commitments

Operating
lease
commitments

4.9

3.5

2.3

2.0

2.0

14.4

29.1

141.9

109.2

84.4

68.9

67.8

10.3

194.6

187.9

169.6

147.4

124.2

573.2

482.5

1,396.9

Lease and
sublease
commitments(6)
99.5

92.8

84.0

75.3

66.1

Total

962.3

487.8

725.7

670.2

335.0

261.5

679.2

3,547.3

6,728.3

(6) The Corporation has lease commitments with varying terms through 2040, to lease premises which it sublets to clients, generally under the same 

conditions.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

During fiscal 2019, we supplied drugstores held by a member of the Board of Directors and paid fees to Dunnhumby 
Canada Limited, a joint venture, for analysis of our customer sales data. These transactions were carried out in the 
normal course of business and recorded at exchange value. They are itemized in note 26 to the consolidated financial 
statements. The joint venture with Dunnhumby Canada Limited ended on February 28, 2019.

EVENT AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD

On December 9, 2019, the Corporation closed the sale of MissFresh as part of a transaction involving all of MissFresh's 
assets. The result of this transaction will be recorded in the first quarter of 2020.

FOURTH QUARTER

(Millions of dollars, except for net earnings per share)

Sales

Operating income before depreciation

and amortization and associate's earnings

Adjusted operating income before depreciation and amortization and 

associate's earnings(1)

Net earnings
Adjusted net earnings(1)
Fully diluted net earnings per share
Adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share(1)
Cash flows from:

Operating activities

Investing activities

Financing activities

2019

3,858.9

2018

3,736.2

321.6

321.6

167.4

174.0

0.66

0.68

228.9

(146.1)

(72.7)

266.5

297.9

145.0

161.0

0.56

0.63

250.9

207.1

(350.8)

Change

3.3

20.7

8.0

15.4

8.1

17.9

7.9

—

—

—

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 25 -

SALES

Sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 reached $3,858.9 million, up 3.3% compared to $3,736.2 million in the fourth
quarter  of  fiscal  2018.  Food  same-store  sales  were  up  4.1%  (2.1%  in  2018)  and  inflation  in  our  food  basket  was 
approximately 2.8% (0.8% in 2018). Pharmacy same-store sales were up 3.4% (1.8% in 2018), with a 3.4% increase in 
prescription drugs (number of prescriptions were up 2.4%) and a 3.4% increase in front-store sales.

OPERATING INCOME BEFORE DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION AND ASSOCIATE'S EARNINGS

Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associates' earnings for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 
totalled $321.6 million, or 8.3% of sales, versus $266.5 million, or 7.1% of sales, for the fourth quarter last year. During 
the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we recorded pharmacy network closure and restructuring expenses of $31.4 million.
Excluding this item, adjusted operating income before depreciation and amortization and associates' earnings(2) for the 
fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 totalled $297.9 million, or 8.0% of sales.

Synergies related to the Jean Coutu acquisition generated for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 amounted to $18 million 
compared with $6.6 million for the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018.

Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associates' earnings adjustments (OI)(2)

(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Operating income before depreciation and
amortization and associates' earnings

Pharmacy network closure and restructuring

expenses

Adjusted operating income before depreciation 
and amortization and associates' earnings(2)

12 weeks / Fiscal Year

2019

Sales

OI

321.6

3,858.9

(%)

8.3

2018

Sales

OI

266.5

3,736.2

(%)

7.1

—

31.4

321.6

3,858.9

8.3

297.9

3,736.2

8.0

Gross margins on sales for the fourth quarter of 2019 were 20.2% versus 19.7% for the corresponding quarter of 2018.

Operating  expenses  as  a  percentage  of  sales  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2019  were  11.9%  versus  12.6%  for  the 
corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018 (11.7% excluding the pharmacy network closure and restructuring expenses of 
$31.4 million). This variation was a result of the inclusion of the Jean Coutu Group partially offset by higher transportation 
costs.

DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION AND NET FINANCIAL COSTS

Total depreciation and amortization expense for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 were $68.5 million versus $65.0 million 
for the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018. Amortization of intangible assets acquired in connection with the Jean Coutu 
Group acquisition amounted to $9.0 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 as well as for the fourth quarter of fiscal 
2018. 

Net  financial  costs  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2019  were  $23.4 million  compared  with  $23.9 million  for  the 
corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018.

INCOME TAXES

The income tax expense of $62.3 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 represented an effective tax rate of 27.1% 
compared with an income tax expense of $48.1 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 which represented an effective 
tax rate of 24.9%. The lower rate for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 is related to the disposal of the investment in ACT.

NET EARNINGS AND ADJUSTED NET EARNINGS(1)

Net earnings for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 were $167.4 million, an increase of 15.4% from $145.0 million for the 
fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2018,  while  fully  diluted  net  earnings  per  share  were  $0.66,  compared  with  $0.56  for  the 
corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018. Excluding the specific items shown in the table below, adjusted net earnings(1) for 
the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 totalled $174.0 million compared with $161.0 million for the corresponding quarter of 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 26 -

fiscal 2018, and adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share(1) amounted to $0.68 versus $0.63, up 8.1% and 7.9%, 
respectively.

Net earnings adjustments(1)

12 weeks / Fiscal Year

2019

2018

Change (%)

(Millions of
dollars)

Fully
diluted EPS
(Dollars)

(Millions of
dollars)

Fully diluted
EPS
(Dollars)

167.4

0.66

145.0

0.56

Net
earnings

15.4

Fully
diluted
EPS

17.9

—

6.6

—

174.0

0.68

23.0

6.6

(13.6)

161.0

0.63

8.1

7.9

Net earnings

Pharmacy network closure and restructuring

expenses, after taxes

Amortization of intangible assets acquired in
connection with the Jean Coutu Group
acquisition, after taxes

Gain on revaluation and disposal of an
investment at fair value, after taxes

Adjusted net earnings(1)

CASH POSITION

Operating activities

Operating activities generated cash inflows of $228.9 million in the fourth quarter compared with $250.9 million for the 
corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018. This difference is mainly due to a significant contribution to a pension plan.

Investing activities

Investing activities required cash outflows of $146.1 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 compared with cash 
inflows of $207.1 million for the corresponding quarter of fiscal 2018. The difference stemmed mainly from the disposal, 
in 2018, of a portion of the investment at fair value in ACT and the equity forward agreement entered into for the remaining 
shares of this investment which generated cash flows of $257.6 million and $68.4 million, respectively.

Financing activities

In the fourth quarter of 2019, financing activities required cash outflows of $72.7 million compared with $350.8 million 
in the corresponding quarter of 2018. This difference resulted primarily from a $302.9 million net decrease in debt in 
2018 and $28.2 million in share repurchases in 2019.

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Corporation adopted a financial risk management policy, approved by the Board of Directors in April 2010, setting 
forth guidelines relating to its use of derivative financial instruments. These guidelines prohibit the use of derivatives for 
speculative purposes. During fiscal 2019, the Corporation used derivative financial instruments as described in notes 2 
and 28 to the consolidated financial statements. 

NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

ACCOUNTING STANDARD ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE  

Leases 

In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16, Leases, which replaces IAS 17, Leases and related interpretations. Under 
IFRS 16, which provides a single accounting model for leases abolishing the current distinction between finance leases 
and operating leases, most leases will be recognized in the statement of financial position. Certain exemptions will apply 
for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The accounting requirements for lessors remain similar to those 
under IAS 17. IFRS 16 applies to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2019, which for the Corporation is fiscal 
year beginning on September 29, 2019.  
(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 27 -

Under IFRS 16 transitional provisions, the Corporation will adopt the standard using a modified retrospective approach, 
and the cumulative impact of the initial application of the standard will be recognized as an adjustment to equity on 
transition.   

As a lessee, the Corporation will recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in respect of operating leases for 
property, vehicles and equipment. Depreciation expense for right-of-use assets and interest expense on lease liabilities 
will replace rental expense previously recognized under IAS 17 on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease 
liabilities will be measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments and the right-of-use assets will be 
measured  using  the  modified  retrospective  approach. The  discount  rate  used  will  be  the  Corporation’s  incremental 
borrowing rate on the transition date of September 29, 2019.   

As  an  intermediate  lessor  under  several  leases,  the  Corporation  has  assessed  the  classification  of  its  sublease 
agreements based on the right-of-use asset related to the main lease and not on the underlying asset. As a result of 
this change, the Corporation expects an increase in current and non-current receivables recorded for leases that should 
be classified as finance leases.  

The Corporation will use the following practical expedients as permitted by IFRS 16 at the initial application date:   

Apply IFRS 16 only to contracts that were previously identified as leases under IAS 17.
Apply a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics.   

• 
• 
•  Rely on an existing assessment to determine whether a lease is onerous, instead of performing a review of 

the impairment of the right-of-use assets.  
Exclude leases which end within 12 months of the date of the initial application.   
Elect not to apply IFRS 16 to leases for which the underlying asset is of low value.
Exclude initial direct costs from the measurement of right-of-use assets.   

• 
• 
• 
•  Use hindsight, such as in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate 

the lease.    

We expect(3) increases in liabilities ranging from $2.1 billion to $2.3 billion and in assets, including right-of-use assets 
as well as receivables (current and non-current) related to sublease agreements, ranging from $1.9 billion to $2.1 billion 
with the net impact recorded in opening retained earnings. Actual results from the initial application of IFRS 16 may differ 
from estimated  amounts,  the Corporation  continues  to  perfect  the estimates  and input  data  that  will  be  used  in  the 
calculations.

ACCOUNTING STANDARDS ADOPTED IN 2019   

Financial instruments  

Effective  the  first  quarter  of  2019,  the  Corporation  adopted  IFRS 9,  Financial  Instruments,  which  replaces  IAS 39, 
Financial  Instruments:  Recognition  and  Measurement.  IFRS 9  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 
January 1, 2018.  

The  Corporation  adopted  the  new  classification  and  valuation,  impairment  and  general  hedging  requirements  on 
September 30, 2018 by applying the classification and valuation, including impairment, requirements retrospectively, 
with  the  cumulative  effect  of  initially  applying  the  standard  recognized  in  opening  retained  earnings  as  at 
September 30, 2018 and without restatement of comparative information.  

Classification of financial instruments  

The  adoption  of  IFRS 9  changes  the  Corporation’s  accounting  policies  with  respect  to  the  classification  of  financial 
instruments.  

Following adoption, the Corporation’s classification is as follows:  

•  Cash and cash equivalents were classified as “Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss” before the 

• 

• 

adoption of IFRS 9 and are now classified as subsequently measured at amortized cost.  
Accounts receivable and loans to certain customers were classified as “Loans and receivables” before the 
adoption of IFRS 9 and are now classified as subsequently measured at amortized cost.  
The investment at fair value was classified as an “Available-for-sale financial asset” before the adoption of 
IFRS 9 and is now classified as subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. 
Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  of  $4.9  was  therefore  reclassified  to  retained  earnings  as  at 
September 30, 2018.   

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 28 -

• 

Bank loans, accounts payable excluding deferred revenues, the revolving credit facility, notes and loans payable 
were  classified  as  “Other  financial  liabilities”  before  the  adoption  of  IFRS 9  and  are  now  classified  as 
subsequently measured at amortized cost.  

•  Non-controlling interests were classified as “Financial liabilities held for trading” before the adoption of IFRS 9 
and are now classified as subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss. Gains or losses resulting 
from the revaluation at the end of each period recorded may be recognized in net earnings or retained earnings. 
The Corporation has elected to record them in retained earnings.  

•  Derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges were classified as “Financial assets and liabilities 
at fair value through profit and loss” before the adoption of IFRS 9 and are now classified as subsequently 
measured at fair value through profit and loss.  

The changes in classification and measurement criteria resulting from the adoption of IFRS 9 had no impact on the 
measurement of financial instruments.  

Impairment of financial assets  

The adoption of IFRS 9 changes the method used to calculate the impairment of accounts receivable and loans to certain 
customers.  

At each reporting date, the Corporation estimates expected credit losses based on its credit loss history. Those expected 
loses are adjusted to reflect factors that are specific to the accounts receivable and loans to certain customers, general 
economic conditions as well as an assessment of both current and forecasted economic conditions at the reporting date, 
including time value of money when appropriate. The evaluation is calculated using the simplified method for cash and 
current assets and the general method for loans. The net change in expected credit losses on accounts receivable and 
loans to certain customers is recognized in net earnings.  

The adoption of IFRS 9 had no impact on the impairment of accounts receivable and loans to certain customers.  

Revenue from contracts with customers  
Effective the first quarter of 2019, the Corporation adopted IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. IFRS 15 
replaces IAS 18, Revenue, IAS 11, Construction Contracts, and related interpretations. IFRS 15 is effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018.  

The Corporation adopted IFRS 15 retrospectively in accordance with the transitional provisions thereof. The application 
of IFRS 15 had no impact on the amounts recognized in the Corporation's consolidated financial statements, and no 
amounts have been reclassified or restated.  

Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognized when control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer. Retail sales 
made by corporate stores and by stores qualifying as structured entities are recognized at the time of sale to the customer, 
and sales to affiliated or franchised stores and to other customers are recognized when the goods are delivered to them. 
Rebates granted by the Corporation are recorded as a reduction in sales.

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

We have used, throughout this annual report, different statements that could, within the context of regulations issued 
by the Canadian Securities Administrators, be construed as being forward-looking information. In general, any statement 
contained in this report that does not constitute a historical fact may be deemed a forward-looking statement. Expressions 
such as "annualize", "continue", “anticipate”, "believe", "expect", "estimate" and other similar expressions are generally 
indicative of forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained in this report are based upon certain 
assumptions regarding the Canadian food industry, the general economy, our annual budget, as well as our 2020 action 
plan. 

These forward-looking statements do not provide any guarantees as to the future performance of the Corporation and 
are  subject  to  potential  risks,  known  and  unknown,  as  well  as  uncertainties  that  could  cause  the  outcome  to  differ 
significantly. The arrival of a new competitor is an example of those described under the “Risk Management” section of 
this annual report that could have an impact on these statements. We believe these statements to be reasonable and 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 29 -

relevant as at the date of publication of this report and represent our expectations. The Corporation does not intend to 
update any forward-looking statement contained herein, except as required by applicable law.

NON-IFRS MEASUREMENTS 

In addition to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) earnings measurements provided, we have included 
certain non-IFRS earnings measurements. These measurements are presented for information purposes only. They do 
not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and therefore may not be comparable to similar measurements 
presented by other public companies.

ADJUSTED  OPERATING 
EARNINGS, ADJUSTED NET EARNINGS AND ADJUSTED FULLY DILUTED NET EARNINGS PER SHARE 

INCOME  BEFORE  DEPRECIATION  AND  AMORTIZATION  AND  ASSOCIATES' 

Adjusted operating income before depreciation and amortization and associates' earnings, adjusted net earnings and 
adjusted fully diluted net earnings per share are earnings measurements that exclude some items that must be recognized 
under IFRS. They are non-IFRS measurements. We believe that presenting earnings without these items, which are 
not necessarily reflective of the Corporation's performance, leaves readers of financial statements better informed as 
to the current period and corresponding prior year's period's operating earnings, thus enabling them to better perform 
trend analysis, evaluate the Corporation's financial performance and judge its future outlook. The exclusion of these 
items does not imply that they are non-recurring. 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The President and Chief Executive Officer, and the Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of 
the Corporation, are responsible for the implementation and maintenance of disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P), 
and of the internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as provided for in National Instrument 52-109 regarding the 
Certification  of  Disclosure  in  Issuers' Annual  and  Interim  Filings.  They  are  assisted  in  this  task  by  the  Disclosure 
Committee, which is comprised of members of the Corporation's senior management.

An evaluation was completed under their supervision in order to measure the effectiveness of DC&P and ICFR. Based 
on this evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer 
and Treasurer of the Corporation concluded that the DC&P and the ICFR were effective as at the end of the fiscal year 
ended September 28, 2019. 

Therefore, the design of the DC&P provides reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Corporation 
is made known to it by others, particularly during the period in which the annual filings are being prepared, and that the 
information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in its annual filings, interim filings and other reports filed or 
submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods 
specified in securities legislation. 

Furthermore, the design of the ICFR provides reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the Corporation's financial 
reporting and the preparation of its financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.

SIGNIFICANT JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES

Our Management's Discussion and Analysis is based upon our annual consolidated financial statements, prepared in 
accordance with IFRS, and it is presented in Canadian dollars, our unit of measure. The preparation of the consolidated 
financial statements and other financial information contained in this Management's Discussion and Analysis requires 
management  to  make  judgements,  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  recognition  and  valuation  of  assets, 
liabilities, sales, other income and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and 
other factors deemed relevant and reasonable and are reviewed at every closing date. The use of different estimates 
could produce different amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 30 -

JUDGEMENTS

In applying the Corporation's accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have the 
most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements: 

Consolidation of structured entities 

The Corporation has no voting rights in certain food stores. However, the franchise contract gives it the ability to control 
these stores' main activities. Its decisions are not limited to protecting its trademarks. The Corporation retains the majority 
of stores' profits and losses. For these reasons, the Corporation consolidates these food stores in its financial statements.

The Corporation has no voting rights in the trust created for performance share unit plan participants. However, under 
the  trust  agreement,  it  instructs  the  trustee  as  to  the  sale  and  purchase  of  Corporation  shares  and  payments  to 
beneficiaries, gives the trustee money to buy Corporation shares, assumes vesting variability, and ensures that the trust 
holds  a  sufficient  number  of  shares  to  meet  its  obligations  to  the  beneficiaries.  For  these  reasons,  the  Corporation 
consolidates this trust in its financial statements.

The Corporation also has an agreement with a third party that operates a plant exclusively for the needs and according 
to the specifications of the Corporation, which assumes all costs and control the plant's main activities. For these reasons, 
the Corporation consolidates it in the Corporation's financial statements. 

Determination of the aggregation of operating segments 

The Corporation uses judgment in determining the aggregation of business segments. The reportable operating segment 
comprises the food operations segment and the pharmaceutical operations segment. The Corporation has aggregated 
these two business segments due to the similar nature of their goods and services and similar economic characteristics: 
operations are carried on primarily in Québec and Ontario and are therefore subject to the same regulatory environment 
and  competitive  and  economic  market  pressures,  use  the  same  product  distribution  methods  and  serve  the  same 
customers. 

ESTIMATES 

The assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have 
a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the value of assets and liabilities within the next period, are discussed 
below: 

Impairment of assets 

In testing for impairment of intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and goodwill, value in use and fair value less 
costs of disposal are estimated using the discounted future cash flows model, the capitalized excess earnings before 
financial costs and taxes (EBIT) and royalty-free licence methods. These methods are based on various assumptions, 
such as the future cash flows estimate, excess EBIT, royalty rates, discount rate, earnings multiples and growth rates. 
The key assumptions are disclosed in notes 13 and 14 to the annual consolidated financial statements. 

Pension plans and other plans 

Defined pension plans, ancillary retirements and other long-term benefits obligations and costs associated to these 
obligations are determined from actuarial calculations according to the projected credit unit method. These calculations 
are based on management's best assumptions relating to salary escalation, retirement age of participants, inflation rate 
and expected health care costs. The key assumptions are disclosed in note 23 to the annual consolidated financial 
statements. 

Non-controlling interests

The non-current liability related to the non-controlling interest is calculated in relation to the price to be paid by the 
Corporation for the non-controlling interest, which price is based mainly on the future earnings of MissFresh (MissFresh 
and Première Moisson in 2018) as of the date the options will become exercisable. Given the uncertainty associated 
with the estimation of these future earnings, the Corporation used, at the end of the fiscal year, its most probable estimate 
and various other assumptions, including the discount rate, growth rate and capital investments. Additional information 
is presented in note 28 to the annual consolidated financial statements. 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 31 -

RISK MANAGEMENT

Management identifies the main risks to which the Corporation is exposed as well as the appropriate measures for 
proactively managing these risks, and presents both the risks and risk reduction measures to the Audit Committee and 
the Board of Directors on an ongoing basis. Internal Audit has the mandate to audit all business risks triennially. Hence, 
each segment is audited every three years to ensure that controls have been implemented to deal with the business 
risks related to its business area.

In the normal course of business, we are exposed to various risks, which are described below, that could have a material 
impact  on  our  earnings,  financial  position  and  cash  flows.  In  order  to  counteract  the  principal  risk  factors,  we  have 
implemented strategies specifically adapted to them.

FOOD SAFETY

We are exposed to potential liability and costs regarding food safety, product contamination, handling and defective 
products. Such liability may arise from product manufacturing, packaging and labelling, design, preparation, warehousing, 
distribution and presentation. Food products represent the greater part of our sales and we could be at risk in the event 
of a major outbreak of food-borne illness or an increase in public health concerns regarding certain food products.

To counter these risks, we apply very strict food safety procedures and controls throughout the whole distribution chain. 
Employees receive continuous training in this area from Metro's L'École des professionnels. Our main meat distribution 
facilities are Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) accredited, the industry's highest international standard. 
Our systems also enable us to trace every meat product distributed from any of our main distribution centres to its 
consumer point of sale.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Events outside our control that could seriously affect our operations may arise. We have set up business recovery plans 
for all our operations. These plans provide for several disaster recovery sites, generators in case of power outages and 
back-up computers as powerful as the Corporation's existing computers. A steering committee oversees and regularly 
reviews all our recovery plans. We have also developed a contingency plan in the event of a pandemic to minimize its 
impact.

COMPUTER SYSTEMS

We rely on various computer systems that are necessary for our business activities and we could have to deal with 
certain security risks, notably cyberattacks, which could harm the availability and integrity of the systems or compromise 
data privacy. 

In the normal course of our activities, we gather information that is confidential in nature concerning our customers, 
suppliers, employees, partners and loyalty program participants. Personal and confidential data is also gathered from 
customers who do business with the drugstores affiliated to one of our banners. Furthermore, the online shopping sites 
represent an additional risk with respect to the security of our systems. As a result, we are even more exposed to the 
risk of cyberattacks aimed at stealing information or interrupting our computer systems. 

A systems breakdown could have a major impact on our business operations, while a cyberattack or an intrusion into 
our systems could result in unauthorized persons altering our systems or gaining access to sensitive and confidential 
information and then using or damaging it. Such situations could also affect third parties who provide essential services 
for our operations or who store confidential information. These events could have a negative impact on our customers 
and partners that could result in financial losses, reducing our competitive advantage or tarnishing our reputation.
In order to mitigate these risks, management deployed various technological security measures, which include a high-
availability environment for all of its critical systems, and has set up processes, procedures and controls related to the 
various systems concerned. For instance, in addition to setting up strong controls with respect to systems access, the 
Company has hired a specialized firm to carry out occasional intrusion tests. We have also implemented an information 
security awareness and training program for our employees. Third parties integrated into our operations have been 
selected by the computer systems team, taking their specific expertise into consideration. 

No significant technology-related incident occurred over the course of the fiscal year. Considering the rapid evolution of 
risks with respect to cybersecurity as well as the complexity of threats, we cannot guarantee that the measures taken, 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 32 -

by the Company and the third parties that it deals with, will be adequate enough to prevent or detect a cyberattack on 
time. In that regard, we keep ourselves informed of the new information security trends and practices in order to take 
proactive action.

LABOUR RELATIONS

The majority of our store and distribution centre employees are unionized. Collective bargaining may give rise to work 
stoppages or slowdowns that could impact negatively the Corporation. We negotiate agreements with different maturity 
dates and conditions that ensure our competitiveness, and terms that promote a positive work environment in all our 
business segments. We have experienced some minor labour conflicts over the last few years but expect(3) to maintain 
good labour relations in the future.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

Workplace  accidents  may  occur  at  any  of  our  sites. To  minimize  this  risk,  we  developed  a  worked-related  accident 
prevention  policy.  Furthermore  at  all  of  our  sites,  we  have  workplace  health  and  safety  committees  responsible  for 
accident prevention.

HIRING, EMPLOYEE RETENTION , AND ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Our recruitment program, salary structure, performance evaluation programs, succession, and training plans all entail 
risks which could negatively impact our capacity to execute our strategic plan as well as our ability to attract and retain 
necessary qualified resources to sustain the Corporation's growth and success. We have proven practices to attract the 
professionals  necessary  for  our  operations.  We  use  performance  evaluation  practices  supervised  by  our  human 
resources department. Our salary structure is regularly reviewed in order to ensure that we remain competitive on the 
market. We have a succession plan in place to ensure we have well-identified resources for the key positions in the 
Corporation.

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY

If our actions do not respect our environmental, social and economic responsibilities, we are exposed to criticism, claims, 
boycotts and even lawsuits, should we fail to comply with our legal obligations.

In order to go beyond its role of distributor and become an active player in sustainable development, the Corporation 
introduced in 2010 its Corporate Responsibility Roadmap. Closely linked to our business strategy, our approach is built 
on  four  pillars:  Delighted  Customers,  Respect  for  the  Environment,  Strengthened  Communities  and  Empowered 
Employees, all of which involve priorities. Since then, the Corporation has issued annual reports with status updates on 
the various projects. For more information, visit metro.ca/Corporate Responsibility.

REGULATIONS

Changes are regularly brought to accounting policies, laws, regulations, rules or policies impacting our operations. We 
monitor these changes closely.

With the acquisition of Jean Coutu Group, the Corporation is relying on prescription drug sales for a more significant 
portion of its sales and operating income. The pharmacy activities are exposed to risks related to the regulated nature 
of some of our activities and the activities of our pharmacist/owner franchisees.

Any changes to laws and regulations or policies regarding the Corporation's activities could have a material adverse 
effect on its performance and on the sales growth. Processes are in place to ensure our compliance as well as to monitor 
any and all changes to the laws and regulations in effect and any new laws and regulations.

MARKET AND COMPETITION

Intensifying competition, the possible arrival of new competitors and changing consumer needs are constant concerns 
for us.

To cope with competition and maintain our leadership position in the Québec and Ontario markets, we are on the alert 
for new ways of doing things and new sites. We have an ongoing investment program for all our stores to ensure that 
our retail network remains one of the most modern in Canada.

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 33 -

We  have  also  developed  a  successful  market  segmentation  strategy.  Our  grocery  banners:  the  conventional  Metro 
supermarkets, Super C and Food Basics discount banners, and Adonis ethnic food stores, target three different market 
segments. In fiscal 2014, we acquired Première Moisson, a company specialized in bakery, pastry, charcutery and other 
food  offerings  prepared  on  an  artisanal  basis  and  respectful  of  great  traditions.  In  2017,  we  acquired  MissFresh,  a 
company specializing in the delivery of meal kits, allowing us to continue our efforts aimed at meeting all of the emerging 
needs and behaviours in the food industry. 

In the pharmacy market, we have large, medium, and small drugstores under the Jean Coutu, Brunet, Metro Pharmacy, 
and  Food  Basics  Pharmacy  banners.  We  acquired  in  2018  the  Jean  Coutu  Group  which  operates  a  network  of 
415 franchised drugstores in Québec, New Brunswick and Ontario under the PJC Jean Coutu, PJC Santé and PJC 
Santé Beauté banners.

With the metro&moi and Air Miles® loyalty programs in our Metro and Metro Plus supermarkets and our Jean Coutu 
drugstores network, we are able to know the buying habits of loyal customers, offer them personalized promotions so 
as to increase their purchases at our stores.

PRICE OF FUEL, ENERGY AND UTILITIES

We are a big consumer of utilities, electricity, natural gas and fuel. Increases in the price of these items may affect us.

SUPPLIERS

Negative events could affect a supplier and lead to service breakdowns and store delivery delays. As a remedy for this 
situation, we deal with several suppliers. In the event of a supplier's service breakdown, we can turn to another supplier 
reasonably quickly.

FRANCHISEES AND AFFILIATES

Some of our franchisees and affiliates might be in breach of certain provisions in the franchise or affiliation contracts, 
such as purchasing policies and marketing plans. Non-compliance with such contracts may have an impact on us. A 
team of retail operations advisers ensures our operating standards' consistent application in all of these stores.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We make some foreign-denominated purchases of goods and services and we have, depending on market conditions, 
US borrowings, exposing ourselves to exchange rate risks. According to our financial risk management policy, we may 
use derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange forward contracts and cross currency interest rate swaps. 
The policy's guidelines prohibit us from using derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes, but they do not 
guarantee that we will not sustain losses as a result of our derivative financial instruments.

We hold receivables generated mainly from sales to customers. To guard against credit losses, we have adopted a credit 
policy that defines mandatory credit requirements to be maintained and guarantees to be provided. Affiliate customer 
assets guarantee the majority of our receivables. 

We are also exposed to liquidity risk mainly through our non-current debt and creditors. We evaluate our cash position 
regularly and estimate(3) that cash flows generated by our operating activities are sufficient to provide for all outflows 
required by our financing activities.

JEAN COUTU GROUP ACQUISITION

The successful combination of the Jean Coutu Group's activities requires significant efforts on the part of management 
of  the  Corporation.  Ineffective  change  management  and  poor  integration  decisions  could  cause  disruptions  to  the 
pharmacy activities of the Corporation. Failure to successfully execute enterprise integration, to realize the anticipated 
strategic benefits or the synergies associated with this acquisition could adversely affect the reputation, operations or 
financial  performance  of  the  Corporation. A  project  management  office,  under  the  leadership  of  the  Corporation’s 
management, ensures that all directions and decisions are aligned with the realization of anticipated strategic benefits.

Montréal, Canada, December 12, 2019 

(1) See table on "Net earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(2) See table on "Operating income before depreciation and amortization and associate's earnings adjustments" and section on "Non-IFRS measurements"
(3) See section on "Forward-looking information"

- 34 -

MANAGEMENT'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING

The  preparation  and  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  METRO  INC.  and  the  other  financial 
information contained in this Annual Report are the responsibility of management. This responsibility is based on a 
judicious choice of appropriate accounting principles and policies, the application of which requires making estimates 
and informed judgements. It also includes ensuring that the financial information in the Annual Report is consistent with 
the  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  were  prepared  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards and were approved by the Board of Directors.

METRO  INC.  maintains  accounting  systems  and  internal  controls  over  the  financial  reporting  process  which,  in  the 
opinion of management, provide reasonable assurance regarding the accuracy, relevance and reliability of financial 
information and the well-ordered, efficient management of the Corporation's affairs.

The Board of Directors fulfills its duty to oversee management in the performance of its financial reporting responsibilities 
and to review the consolidated financial statements and Annual Report, principally through its Audit Committee. This 
Committee is comprised solely of directors who are independent of the Corporation and is also responsible for making 
recommendations for the nomination of external auditors. Also, it holds periodic meetings with members of management 
as well as internal and external auditors to discuss internal controls, auditing matters and financial reporting issues. The 
external and internal auditors have access to the Committee without management. The Audit Committee has reviewed 
the consolidated financial statements and Annual Report of METRO INC. and recommended their approval to the Board 
of Directors.

The enclosed consolidated financial statements were audited by Ernst & Young LLP and their report indicates the extent 
of their audit and their opinion on the consolidated financial statements.

Eric R. La Flèche
President and Chief Executive Officer

November 19, 2019 

François Thibault
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

- 35 -

                                                              
                                                   
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT

To the shareholders of METRO INC.

Opinion

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of METRO Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Group”), which comprise 
the consolidated statements of financial position as at September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, and the consolidated 
statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and notes 
to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial  position  of  the  Group  as  at  September  28,  2019  and  September  29,  2018,  and  its  consolidated  financial 
performance and its consolidated cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (IFRSs).

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our responsibilities under 
those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements
section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to 
our  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  Canada,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  ethical  responsibilities  in 
accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate 
to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Other information

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises: 

•  Management’s Discussion and Analysis
• 

The information, other than the consolidated financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon, in the Annual 
Report

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any 
form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information, 
and  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  consolidated  financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.

We obtained Management’s Discussion and Analysis prior to the date of this auditor’s report. If, based on the work we 
have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report 
that fact in this auditor’s report. We have nothing to report in this regard.

The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of the auditor’s report. If based on the work we 
will perform on this other information, we conclude there is a material misstatement of other information, we are required 
to report that fact to those charged with governance.  

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the consolidated financial statements

Management  is  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in 
accordance with IFRSs, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation 
of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  management  is  responsible  for  assessing  the  Group’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern 
basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic 
alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process.

- 36 -

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
Canadian generally accepted auditing standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements 
can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements.

As  part  of  an  audit  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards,  we  exercise  professional 
judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud 
or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient 
and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from 
fraud  is  higher  than  for  one  resulting  from  error,  as  fraud  may  involve  collusion,  forgery,  intentional  omissions, 
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.

•  Obtain  an  understanding  of  internal  control  relevant  to  the  audit  in  order  to  design  audit  procedures  that  are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s 
internal control.
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and 
related disclosures made by management.

• 

•  Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on 
the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast 
significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty 
exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit 
evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group 
to cease to continue as a going concern.
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure, and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the 
disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events 
in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

• 

•  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities 
within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, 
supervision and performance of the Group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing 
of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during 
our audit. 

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements 
regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be 
thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Martine Quintal.

Montréal, Canada
November 19, 2019

1  CPA auditor, CA, public accountancy permit no. A112005

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- 38 -

Annual Consolidated Financial Statements

METRO INC.

September 28, 2019 

- 39 -

Table of contents

Consolidated statements of income ...............................................................................................................
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income ......................................................................................
Consolidated statements of financial position ................................................................................................
Consolidated statements of changes in equity ...............................................................................................
Consolidated statements of cash flows ..........................................................................................................
Notes to consolidated financial statements ....................................................................................................
1- Description of business ...........................................................................................................................
2- Significant accounting policies .................................................................................................................
3- New accounting standards ......................................................................................................................
4- Significant judgements and estimates .....................................................................................................
5- Business acquisition ................................................................................................................................
6- Additional information on the nature of earnings components ..................................................................
7- Income taxes ...........................................................................................................................................
8- Net earnings per share ............................................................................................................................
9- Inventories ...............................................................................................................................................
10- Investment at fair value ...........................................................................................................................
11- Fixed assets ............................................................................................................................................
12- Investment properties ..............................................................................................................................
13- Intangible assets .....................................................................................................................................
14- Goodwill

..................................................................................................................................................
15- Other assets ............................................................................................................................................
16- Bank loans ..............................................................................................................................................
17- Offsetting .................................................................................................................................................
18- Provisions

...............................................................................................................................................

19- Debt

........................................................................................................................................................
20- Other liabilities .........................................................................................................................................
21- Capital stock

...........................................................................................................................................
22- Dividends ................................................................................................................................................
23- Employee benefits ...................................................................................................................................
24- Commitments ..........................................................................................................................................
25- Contingencies .........................................................................................................................................
26- Related party transactions .......................................................................................................................
27- Management of capital

............................................................................................................................
28- Financial instruments ..............................................................................................................................
29- Approval of financial statements ..............................................................................................................

Page

41

42

43

44

46

47

47

47

52

54

55

57

58

59

60

60

61

62

63

64

65

65

65

66

67

68

69

71

72

76

77

78

79

80

82

- 40 -

Consolidated statements of income
Years ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, except for net earnings per share)

Sales (notes 6 and 26)

Cost of sales and operating expenses (notes 6 and 26)

Retail network restructuring expenses (notes 6 and 18)

Gain on divestiture of pharmacies (notes 5 et 6)

Pharmacy network closure and restructuring expenses (notes 6 and 18)

Distribution network modernization project expenses (notes 6 and 18)

Operating income before depreciation and amortization and

associate's earnings

Depreciation and amortization (note 6)

Financial costs, net (note 6)
Gain on disposal of the majority of the investment in an associate (notes 6, 10 and 
15)
Gain on revaluation and disposal of an investment at fair value (notes 6 and 10)

Share of an associate's earnings (notes 6 and 10)

Earnings before income taxes

Income taxes (note 7)

Net earnings

Attributable to:

Equity holders of the parent

Non-controlling interests

Net earnings per share (Dollars) (notes 8 and 21)

Basic

Fully diluted

See accompanying notes

2019

2018

16,767.5

14,383.4

(15,416.0)

(13,329.5)

(36.0)

6.0

—

—

1,321.5

(286.4)

(103.8)

36.4

1.5

—

969.2

(254.8)

714.4

711.6

2.8

714.4

2.79

2.78

—

—

(31.4)

(11.4)

1,011.1

(233.5)

(80.2)

1,107.4

241.1

30.8

2,076.7

(358.2)

1,718.5

1,716.5

2.0

1,718.5

7.20

7.16

- 41 -

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
Years ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars)

Net earnings

Other comprehensive income

Items that will not be reclassified to net earnings

Changes in defined benefit plans

Actuarial gains (losses)

Asset ceiling effect

Minimum funding requirement

Loss on disposal of the investment at fair value (note 10)

Corresponding income taxes

Items that will be reclassified later to net earnings

Fair value revaluation of investment (note 10)

Reclassification of the change in investment at fair value to net earnings 

following the disposal of a portion of the investment (note 10)

Reclassification of shares of an associate's other comprehensive income to net 

earnings (note 10)

Corresponding income taxes

Comprehensive income

Attributable to:

Equity holders of the parent

Non-controlling interests

See accompanying notes

2019

714.4

2018

1,718.5

(97.9)

4.3

(0.6)

(1.3)

25.2

(70.3)

—

—

—

—

—

(70.3)

644.1

641.3

2.8

644.1

37.2

(2.1)

(0.2)

—

(9.2)

25.7

22.8

(17.1)

(3.9)

(0.4)

1.4

27.1

1,745.6

1,743.6

2.0

1,745.6

- 42 -

Consolidated statements of financial position
As at September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars)

ASSETS

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable (notes 15 and 26)
Inventories (note 9)
Prepaid expenses
Current taxes

Non-current assets
Fixed assets (note 11)
Investment properties (note 12)
Intangible assets (note 13)
Goodwill (note 14)
Deferred taxes (note 7)
Defined benefit assets (note 23)
Investment at fair value (note 10)
Other assets (note 15)

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Current liabilities
Bank loans (note 16)
Accounts payable (notes 17 and 26)
Deferred revenues
Current taxes
Provisions (note 18)
Current portion of debt (note 19)
Non-controlling interests (note 28)

Non-current liabilities
Debt (note 19)
Defined benefit liabilities (note 23)
Provisions (note 18)
Deferred taxes (note 7)
Other liabilities (note 20)
Non-controlling interests (note 28)

Equity
Attributable to equity holders of the parent
Attributable to non-controlling interests

Commitments and contingencies (notes 24 and 25)

See accompanying notes

On behalf of the Board        

2019

2018

273.4
611.2
1,126.0
33.2
44.5
2,088.3

2,657.8
41.5
2,889.0
3,306.5
2.8
25.6
—
62.4
11,073.9

—
1,331.4
22.3
33.3
10.9
428.6
51.1
1,877.6

2,229.0
113.0
30.2
842.7
12.8
—
5,105.3

5,955.2
13.4
5,968.6
11,073.9

226.9
538.1
1,099.1
32.1
20.6
1,916.8

2,523.4
46.1
2,914.4
3,302.2
4.5
55.1
66.9
92.8
10,922.2

0.1
1,268.3
90.2
254.8
8.0
13.3
—
1,634.7

2,630.4
81.3
22.3
846.5
11.7
39.3
5,266.2

5,642.8
13.2
5,656.0
10,922.2

ERIC R. LA FLÈCHE

Director

RUSSELL GOODMAN

Director

- 43 -

                                                                        
 
Consolidated statements of changes in equity
Years ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars)

Attributable to the equity holders of the parent

Capital 
stock 
(note 21)

Treasury 
shares 
(note 21)

Contributed
surplus

Retained
earnings

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income

Non-
controlling
interests

Total

Total
equity

1,724.1

(24.9)

20.3

3,918.4

Balance as at 

September 29, 2018

Net earnings

Other comprehensive

income

Comprehensive income

Stock options exercised

Shares redeemed

Share redemption premium

Acquisition of treasury shares

Share-based compensation

cost

Performance share units

settlement

Dividends

Adoption of IFRS 9 "Financial 
instruments" on the 
investment at fair value 
(note 3)

Change in fair value of non-
controlling interests liability 
(note 28)

Sale of shares in joint
ventures

Balance as at 

September 28, 2019

See accompanying notes

—

—

—

28.0

(19.8)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

8.2

—

—

—

—

—

—

(5.6)

—

5.9

—

—

—

—

0.3

—

—

—

(4.0)

—

—

—

8.6

711.6

(70.3)

641.3

—

—

(126.1)

—

—

(5.7)

(0.2)

—

(198.9)

4.9

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

5,642.8

13.2

5,656.0

711.6

(70.3)

641.3

24.0

(19.8)

(126.1)

(5.6)

8.6

—

2.8

—

2.8

—

—

—

—

—

—

714.4

(70.3)

644.1

24.0

(19.8)

(126.1)

(5.6)

8.6

—

(198.9)

(2.1)

(201.0)

—

—

—

4.9

(4.9)

—

—

—

(11.1)

—

—

—

(11.1)

(0.7)

(11.8)

—

0.2

0.2

(1.1)

(331.4)

(4.9)

(328.9)

(2.6)

(331.5)

1,732.3

(24.6)

19.2

4,228.3

— 5,955.2

13.4

5,968.6

- 44 -

Consolidated statements of changes in equity
Years ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars)

Attributable to the equity holders of the parent

Capital 
stock 
(note 21)

Treasury 
shares 
(note 21)

Contributed
surplus

Retained
earnings

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income

Non-
controlling
interests

Total

Total
equity

565.8

(21.9)

19.8

2,343.9

3.5

2,911.1

12.8

2,923.9

—

—

—

1,147.9

10.4

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(10.2)

—

7.2

—

—

—

1,158.3

(3.0)

— 1,716.5

— 1,716.5

2.0

1,718.5

—

25.7

— 1,742.2

—

(1.6)

—

9.1

(0.2)

—

—

—

(7.0)

—

(0.2)

(164.8)

—

—

0.5

(2.5)

—

(167.7)

1.4

1.4

27.1

1,743.6

— 1,147.7

—

2.0

27.1

1,745.6

— 1,147.7

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

8.8

(10.2)

9.1

—

—

—

—

—

8.8

(10.2)

9.1

—

(164.8)

(4.8)

(169.6)

(2.5)

—

988.1

2.9

0.3

0.4

0.3

(1.6)

986.5

1,724.1

(24.9)

20.3

3,918.4

4.9

5,642.8

13.2

5,656.0

Balance as at 

September 30, 2017

Net earnings

Other comprehensive

income

Comprehensive income

Shares issued (note 5)

Stock options exercised

Acquisition of treasury

shares

Share-based compensation

cost

Performance share units

settlement

Dividends

Change in fair value of non-
controlling interests liability 
(note 28)

Sale of shares in joint
ventures

Balance as at 

September 29, 2018

See accompanying notes

- 45 -

Consolidated statements of cash flows
Years ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars)

Operating activities
Earnings before income taxes
Non-cash items

Gain on disposal of a portion of the investment in an associate (notes 10 and 15)
Gain on revaluation and disposal of an investment at fair value (note 10)
Share of an associate's earnings (note 10)
Gain on divestiture of pharmacies (note 5)
Depreciation and amortization
Gain on disposal and write-offs of fixed and intangible assets and investment

properties

Impairment losses on fixed assets
Impairment loss reversals on fixed and intangible assets
Share-based compensation cost
Difference between amounts paid for employee benefits and current year cost

Retail network restructuring expenses (note 18)
Pharmacy network closure and restructuring expenses (note 18)
Distribution network modernization project expenses (note 18)
Financial costs, net

Net change in non-cash working capital items
Interest paid
Income taxes paid

Investing activities
Business acquisition (note 5)
Proceeds on disposal of a portion of the investment in an associate and the 

investment at fair value (note 10)

Equity forward transaction on the investment at fair value (note 10)
Proceeds on divestiture of pharmacies (note 5)
Sale of shares in joint ventures
Buyout of minority interests (note 28)
Net change in other assets
Additions to fixed assets and investment properties
Disposals of fixed assets and investment properties
Additions to intangible assets

Financing activities
Net change in bank loans
Shares issued (note 21)
Shares redeemed (note 21)
Acquisition of treasury shares (note 21)
Increase in debt
Repayment of debt
Net change in other liabilities
Dividends (note 22)

Net change in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents – end of year

See accompanying notes

- 46 -

2019

2018

969.2

2,076.7

(36.4)
(1.5)
—
(6.0)
286.4

(0.8)
2.1
(0.1)
8.6
(35.1)
36.0
—
—
103.8
1,326.2
(54.5)
(106.9)
(477.1)
687.7

(1,107.4)
(241.1)
(30.8)
—
233.5

(15.7)
7.8
(1.9)
9.1
4.2
—
31.4
11.4
80.2
1,057.4
(54.3)
(90.5)
(162.2)
750.4

—

(3,033.0)

59.0
—
14.0
0.2
—
9.2
(356.9)
5.4
(39.4)
(308.5)

(0.1)
24.0
(145.9)
(5.6)
46.6
(53.9)
1.1
(198.9)
(332.7)
46.5
226.9
273.4

1,791.6
68.4
—
0.1
(221.2)
(0.6)
(286.1)
34.6
(31.3)
(1,677.5)

(1.0)
8.8
—
(10.2)
2,168.8
(995.2)
(1.3)
(164.8)
1,005.1
78.0
148.9
226.9

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

1.  DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

METRO INC. (the Corporation) is a company incorporated under the laws of Québec. One of Canada’s leading food 
and  pharmacy  retailers  and  distributors,  the  Corporation  operates  a  network  of  supermarkets,  discount  stores  and 
drugstores. Its head office is located at 11011 Maurice-Duplessis Blvd., Montréal, Québec, Canada, H1C 1V6. Its two 
business segments, food operations and pharmaceutical operations, are combined into one reportable operating segment 
due to the similar nature of their operations (see note 4).

2. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements, in Canadian dollars, have been prepared by management in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared within the reasonable limits of materiality, on a historical cost 
basis, except for certain financial instruments and defined benefit plan assets measured at fair value and defined benefit 
obligations measured at present value. The significant accounting policies are summarized below:

Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its subsidiaries, as well as those of 
structured entities (notes 4 and 26). All intercompany transactions and balances were eliminated on consolidation.

Sales recognition

Sales come essentially from the sale of goods and services. Retail sales made by corporate stores and stores that are 
structured entities are recognized at the time of sale to the customer, and sales to affiliated stores and other customers 
when the goods are delivered. Rebates granted by the Corporation are recorded as a reduction in sales.

Recognition of considerations from vendors

Cash considerations from vendors are considered as an adjustment to the vendor's product pricing and are therefore 
characterized  as  a  reduction  of  cost  of  sales  and  related  inventories  when  recognized  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

Loyalty programs

The Corporation has two loyalty programs.

The first program, for which the Corporation acts as an agent, belongs to a third party and its cost is recorded as a 
reduction in sales at the time of sale to the customer.

The second program belongs to the Corporation. At the time of a sale to the customer, part of it is recorded as deferred 
revenue equal to the fair value of the program's issued points. This fair value is determined based on the exchange 
value of the points awarded and the expected redemption rate which are regularly remeasured. The deferred revenue 
is recognized as sales when the points are redeemed.

Foreign currency translation

The  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  Canadian  dollars,  the  Corporation's  functional  currency. 
Transactions  in  foreign  currencies  are  initially  recorded  at  the  functional  currency  rate  prevailing  at  the  date  of  the 
transaction. At each closing, monetary items denominated in foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate 
at the closing date. Non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost in foreign currency are translated using the 
exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Gains or losses resulting from currency translations are recognized in net 
earnings.

Income taxes

Current tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior years are measured at the amount expected to be recovered 
from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to determine these amounts are those that are 
enacted or substantively enacted by tax authorities by the closing date.

The Corporation follows the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are accounted for based on estimated taxes recoverable or payable that would result from the recovery or 

- 47 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

settlement  of  the  carrying  amount  of  assets  and  liabilities.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using 
substantively enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences are expected to reverse. Changes 
in these amounts are included in current net earnings in the period in which they occur. The carrying amount of deferred 
tax assets is reviewed at every closing date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient earnings 
will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets to be utilized.

Income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity.

Share-based payment

A share-based compensation expense is recognized for the stock option and performance share unit (PSU) plans offered 
to certain employees as well as a deferred share unit (DSU) plan offered to directors.

Stock option awards vest gradually over the vesting term and each tranche is considered as a separate award. The 
value of the remuneration expense is calculated based on the fair value of the stock options at the option grant date and 
using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation  model. The  compensation  expense  is  recognized  over  the  vesting  term  of  each 
tranche.

The compensation expense for the PSU plan is determined based on the market value of the Corporation's Common 
Shares at grant date. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The impact 
of any changes in the number of PSUs is recorded in the period where the estimate is revised. The grant qualifies as 
an equity instrument.

The compensation expense and corresponding liability for the DSU plan are recognized on the grant date and determined 
based on the grant date market value of the Corporation’s Common Shares. The DSU liability is included in accounts 
payable and is periodically adjusted to reflect any changes in the stock market valuation of the Corporation’s Common 
Shares.

Net earnings per share

Basic net earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net earnings attributable to equity holders of the parent by the 
weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the year. For the fully diluted net earnings per share, 
the  net  earnings  attributable  to  equity  holders  of  the  parent  and  the  weighted  average  number  of  Common  Shares 
outstanding are adjusted to reflect all potential dilutive shares.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, bank balances, highly liquid investments (with an initial term of 
three months or less) and outstanding deposits. They are classified as “Financial assets at fair value through net earnings” 
and measured at amortized cost, with revaluation at the end of each period. 

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable and loans to certain customers are classified as “Loans and receivables”. After their initial fair value 
measurement,  they  are  measured  at  amortized  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method.  For  the  Corporation,  the 
measured amount generally corresponds to cost.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Warehouse inventories cost is determined by the 
average cost method net of certain considerations received from vendors. Retail inventories cost is valued at the retail 
price less the gross margin and certain considerations received from vendors. All costs incurred in bringing the inventories 
to their present location and condition are included in the cost of warehouse and retail inventories.

Investments in joint ventures 

The Corporation has interests in joint ventures, whereby the venturers have a contractual agreement that establishes 
joint control over the economic activities of the entity. These investments are accounted for using the equity method and 
are presented in other assets. 

Fixed assets

Fixed assets are initially recorded at cost. Principal components of a fixed asset with different useful lives are depreciated 
separately.  Buildings  and  equipment  are  depreciated  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  their  useful  lives.  Leasehold 

- 48 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the remaining 
lease term. The depreciation method and estimate of useful lives are reviewed annually.

Buildings
Equipment
Leasehold improvements

Leases

20 to 50 years
3 to 20 years
5 to 20 years

Leases are classified as finance leases if substantially all risks and rewards incidental to ownership are transferred to 
the lessee. At the moment of initial recognition, the lessee records the leased item as an asset at the lower of the fair 
value of the asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments. A corresponding liability to the lessor is recorded 
in the consolidated statement of financial position as a finance lease obligation. In subsequent periods, the asset is 
depreciated on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease and interest on the obligation is expensed through net 
earnings.

Leases are classified as operating leases if substantially all risks and rewards incidental to ownership are not transferred 
to the lessee. The lease payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Investment properties

Investment properties are held for capital appreciation and to earn rentals. They are not occupied by the owner for its 
ordinary activities. They are recognized at cost. Principal components, except for land which is not depreciated, are 
depreciated on a straight-line basis over their respective useful lives which vary from 20 to 50 years. The depreciation 
method and estimates of useful lives are reviewed annually.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are recorded at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives. 
The amortization method and estimates of useful lives are reviewed annually.

Leasehold rights
Software
Retail network retention premiums
Customer relationships

20 to 40 years
3 to 7 years
5 to 30 years
10 to 27 years

The banners that the Corporation intends to keep and operate, the private labels for which it continues to develop new 
products and the loyalty programs it intends to maintain qualify as intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. They are 
recorded at cost and not amortized.

Goodwill

Goodwill, which represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the acquired enterprise's identifiable net 
assets at the date of acquisition, is recognized at cost and is not amortized.

Impairment of non financial assets

At each reporting date, the Corporation must determine if there is any indication of depreciation of its fixed assets, 
intangible assets with finite useful lives, investment properties and investment in an associate. If any indication exists, 
the Corporation has to test the assets for impairment. Impairment testing of intangible assets with indefinite useful lives 
and goodwill is to be done at least annually, regardless of any indication of depreciation.

Impairment testing is conducted at the level of the asset itself, a cash generating unit (CGU) or group of CGUs. A CGU 
is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows 
from other assets or groups of assets. Each store is a separate CGU. Impairment testing of warehouses is conducted 
at the level of the different groups of CGUs. Impairment testing of common assets is conducted at the level of the smallest 
CGU. Impairment testing of goodwill resulting from a business acquisition is conducted at the level of the smallest CGU. 
Impairment testing of investment properties, banners, private labels and loyalty programs is conducted at the level of 
the asset itself.

- 49 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

To test for impairment, the carrying amount of an asset, CGU or group of CGUs is compared with its recoverable amount. 
The recoverable amount is the higher of the value in use and the fair value less costs of disposal. The value in use 
corresponds generally to the pre-tax cash flow projections from the management-approved budgets for the next fiscal 
year. These projections reflect past experience and are discounted at a pre-tax rate corresponding to the expected 
market rate for this type of investment. The recoverable amount of investment properties, investment in an associate, 
banners, private labels and loyalty programs is these assets' fair value less costs of disposal. If the carrying amount 
exceeds the recoverable amount, an impairment loss in the amount of the excess is recognized in net earnings. CGU 
or group of CGUs' impairment losses are allocated pro rata to the assets of the CGU or group of CGUs, without however 
reducing the carrying amount of the assets below the highest of their fair value less costs of disposal, their value in use, 
and zero.

Except for goodwill, any reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in net earnings. A reversal of an 
impairment loss for a CGU or group of CGUs is allocated pro rata to the assets of the CGU or group of CGUs. The 
recoverable amount of an asset increased by a reversal of an impairment loss may not exceed the carrying amount that 
would have been determined, net of depreciation and amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized for the 
asset in prior years.

Deferred financing costs

Financing costs related to debt are deferred and amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the 
corresponding loans. When one of these loans is repaid, the corresponding financing costs are charged to net earnings.

Employee benefits

Employee  benefits  include  short-term  employee  benefits  which  correspond  to  wages  and  fringe  benefits  and  are 
recognized  immediately  in  net  earnings  as  are  termination  benefits  which  are  also  recorded  as  a  liability  when  the 
Corporation cannot withdraw the offer of termination.

Employee benefits also include post-employment benefits which comprise pension benefits (both defined benefit and 
defined contribution plans) and ancillary benefits such as post-employment life and medical insurance. Employee benefits 
also comprise other long-term benefits, namely long-term disability benefits not covered by insurance plans and ancillary 
benefits provided to employees on long-term disability. Assets and obligations related to employee defined benefit plans, 
ancillary retirement benefits and other long-term benefits plan are accounted for using the following accounting policies:

•  Defined benefit obligations and the cost of pension, ancillary retirement benefits and other long-term benefits earned 
by  participants  are  determined  from  actuarial  calculations  according  to  the  projected  credit  unit  method.  The 
calculations  are  based  on  management’s  best  assumptions  relating  to  salary  escalation,  retirement  age  of 
participants, inflation and expected health care costs.

•  Defined benefit obligations are discounted using high-quality corporate bond yield rates with cash flows that match 

the timing and amount of expected benefit payments.

•  Defined benefit plan assets or liabilities recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position correspond 
to the difference between the present value of defined benefit obligations and the fair value of plan assets. In the 
case of a surplus funded plan, these assets are limited at the lesser of the actuarial value determined for accounting 
purposes or the value of the future economic benefit by way of surplus refunds or contribution holidays. Furthermore, 
an additional liability could be recorded when minimum funding requirements for past services exceed economic 
benefits available. 

• 

• 

The interest expense on defined benefit obligations, on the asset ceiling and on the minimum funding requirement 
is net of interest income on plan assets, which is calculated by applying the same rate used to evaluate the obligations, 
and is recognized as financing costs.

Actuarial gains or losses on pension plans and ancillary post-employment benefits arise from changes to current 
year end actuarial assumptions used to determine the defined benefit obligations. They also arise from variances 
between the experience adjustments of the plans for the current year and the assumptions defined at the end of 
the previous fiscal year to determine the employee benefit expense for the current fiscal year and the defined benefit 
obligations at the previous fiscal year end.

•  Remeasurements of defined benefit net liabilities include actuarial gains or losses, the yield on plan assets, and 
asset ceiling and minimum funding requirement changes, excluding the amount already recorded in net interest. 
Remeasurements are recognized under other comprehensive income during the period in which they occur and 
reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings at the end of each period.

• 

Actuarial gains or losses to other long-term employee benefits are recognized in full immediately in net earnings.

- 50 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

• 

Past service amendment costs are recognized immediately in net earnings.

•  Defined contribution plan costs, including those of multi-employer plans, are recorded when the contributions are 
due. As sufficient information to reliably determine multi-employer defined benefit plan obligations and assets is not 
available  and  as  there  is  no  actuarial  valuation  according  to  IFRS,  these  plans  are  accounted  for  as  defined 
contribution plans and the Corporation participation is limited to the negotiated contributions. The vast majority of 
the Corporation's contributions to multi-employer plans are paid into the Canadian Commercial Workers Industry 
Pension  Plan  (CCWIPP). The  Corporation  and  its  franchisees  represent  approximately  25%  of  the  Plan’s  total 
number of participants. 

Deferred revenues

The portion of revenue that is unearned is recorded in deferred revenue when payments are received. This includes 
prepayments received by the Corporation for future periods for which revenue is recognized when the goods are delivered 
or  services  are  rendered.  Deferred  revenue  also  includes  loyalty  points  issued  as  part  of  the  Corporation’s  loyalty 
programs  and  gift  cards  outstanding  as  of  year  end  for  which  revenue  is  recognized  upon  redemption.  As  at 
September 29, 2018, deferred revenue included the amount received related to the equity forward agreement for the 
Alimentation Couche-Tard shares.

Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present obligation (legal or constructive) resulting from a past 
event, will likely have to settle the obligation and the amount of which can be reliably estimated. The amount recognized 
as provision is the best estimate of the expense required to settle the present obligation at the closing date. When a 
provision is measured based on estimated cash flows required to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is 
the discounted value of these cash flows.

Present obligations resulting from onerous contracts are accounted for and measured as provisions. A contract is said 
to be onerous when the costs involved in fulfilling the terms and conditions of the contract are higher than the contract's 
expected economic benefits.

Other financial liabilities

Bank loans, accounts payable excluding deferred revenues, revolving credit facility, notes and loans payable are classified 
as “Liabilities measured at amortized cost”. After their initial fair value measurement, they are measured at amortized 
cost using the effective interest method. 

Non-controlling interests

Non-controlIing interests are generally recognized in equity. However, with respect to its interests in Première Moisson 
and MissFresh, the Corporation has the option to buy out the minority interests and the minority shareholders in these 
companies have the option to be bought out by the Corporation under certain conditions as of the options’ exercisable 
dates.  Given  these  options,  the  non-controlling  interests  become  a  financial  liability  that  is  classified  as  "Liabilities 
measured at fair value through profit and loss" and measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from the revaluation 
at the end of each period recorded in net earnings or in retained earnings. The Corporation elected to record them in 
retained earnings.

Derivative financial instruments

In  accordance  with  its  risk  management  strategy,  the  Corporation  uses  derivative  financial  instruments  for  hedging 
purposes. On inception of a hedging relationship, the Corporation indicates whether or not it will apply hedge accounting 
to the relationship. Should there be any, the Corporation formally documents several factors, such as the election to 
apply  hedge  accounting,  the  hedged  item,  the  hedging  item,  the  risks  being  hedged  and  the  term  over  which  the 
relationship is expected to be effective, as well as risk management objectives and strategy.

The effectiveness of the hedging relationship is measured at its inception to determine whether it will be highly effective 
over the term of the relationship and assessed periodically to ensure that hedge accounting is still appropriate. The 
results of these assessments are formally documented.

The Corporation could use foreign exchange forward contracts, cross currency interest rate swaps and equity forward 
transaction. Given their short-term maturity, the Corporation elected not to apply hedge accounting. These derivative 
financial instruments are classified as "Financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss" and 
measured at fair value with revaluation at the end of each period. Resulting gains or losses are recorded in net earnings.

- 51 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Fair value measurements hierarchy

Fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recognized at fair value in the consolidated statements of financial 
position  or  whose  fair  value  is  presented  in  the  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  categorized  in 
accordance with the following hierarchy:

• 
• 

• 

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly 
(i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices);
Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

Fiscal year

The Corporation's fiscal year ends on the last Saturday of September. The fiscal year ended September 28, 2019 included 
52 weeks of operations and the fiscal year ended September 29, 2018 included 52 weeks of operations.

3.  NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

ACCOUNTING STANDARD ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE  

Leases 

In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16, Leases, which replaces IAS 17, Leases and related interpretations. Under 
IFRS 16, which provides a single accounting model for leases abolishing the current distinction between finance leases 
and operating leases, most leases will be recognized in the statement of financial position. Certain exemptions will apply 
for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The accounting requirements for lessors remain similar to those 
under IAS 17. IFRS 16 applies to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2019, which for the Corporation is fiscal 
year beginning on September 29, 2019.  

Under IFRS 16 transitional provisions, the Corporation will adopt the standard using a modified retrospective approach, 
and the cumulative impact of the initial application of the standard will be recognized as an adjustment to equity on 
transition.   

As a lessee, the Corporation will recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in respect of operating leases for 
property, vehicles and equipment. Depreciation expense for right-of-use assets and interest expense on lease liabilities 
will replace rental expense previously recognized under IAS 17 on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease 
liabilities will be measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments and the right-of-use assets will be 
measured  using  the  modified  retrospective  approach. The  discount  rate  used  will  be  the  Corporation’s  incremental 
borrowing rate on the transition date of September 29, 2019.   

As  an  intermediate  lessor  under  several  leases,  the  Corporation  has  assessed  the  classification  of  its  sublease 
agreements based on the right-of-use asset related to the main lease and not on the underlying asset. As a result of 
this change, the Corporation expects an increase in current and non-current receivables recorded for leases that should 
be classified as finance leases.  

The Corporation will use the following practical expedients as permitted by IFRS 16 at the initial application date:   

Apply IFRS 16 only to contracts that were previously identified as leases under IAS 17.
Apply a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics.   

• 
• 
•  Rely on an existing assessment to determine whether a lease is onerous, instead of performing a review of 

the impairment of the right-of-use assets.  
Exclude leases which end within 12 months of the date of the initial application.   
Elect not to apply IFRS 16 to leases for which the underlying asset is of low value.
Exclude initial direct costs from the measurement of right-of-use assets.   

• 
• 
• 
•  Use hindsight, such as in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate 

the lease.    

We expect(3) increases in liabilities ranging from $2.1 billion to $2.3 billion and in assets, including right-of-use assets 
as well as receivables (current and non-current) related to sublease agreements, ranging from $1.9 billion to $2.1 billion 
with the net impact recorded in opening retained earnings. Actual results from the initial application of IFRS 16 may differ 
from estimated  amounts,  the Corporation  continues  to  perfect  the estimates  and input  data  that  will  be  used  in  the 
calculations.

- 52 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

ACCOUNTING STANDARDS ADOPTED IN 2019   

Financial instruments  

Effective  the  first  quarter  of  2019,  the  Corporation  adopted  IFRS 9,  Financial  Instruments,  which  replaces  IAS 39, 
Financial  Instruments:  Recognition  and  Measurement.  IFRS 9  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 
January 1, 2018.  

The  Corporation  adopted  the  new  classification  and  valuation,  impairment  and  general  hedging  requirements  on 
September 30, 2018 by applying the classification and valuation, including impairment, requirements retrospectively, 
with  the  cumulative  effect  of  initially  applying  the  standard  recognized  in  opening  retained  earnings  as  at 
September 30, 2018 and without restatement of comparative information.  

Classification of financial instruments  

The  adoption  of  IFRS 9  changes  the  Corporation’s  accounting  policies  with  respect  to  the  classification  of  financial 
instruments.  

Following adoption, the Corporation’s classification is as follows:  

•  Cash and cash equivalents were classified as “Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss” before the 

• 

• 

• 

adoption of IFRS 9 and are now classified as subsequently measured at amortized cost.  
Accounts receivable and loans to certain customers were classified as “Loans and receivables” before the 
adoption of IFRS 9 and are now classified as subsequently measured at amortized cost.  
The investment at fair value was classified as an “Available-for-sale financial asset” before the adoption of 
IFRS 9 and is now classified as subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. 
Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  of  $4.9  was  therefore  reclassified  to  retained  earnings  as  at 
September 30, 2018.   
Bank loans, accounts payable excluding deferred revenues, the revolving credit facility, notes and loans payable 
were  classified  as  “Other  financial  liabilities”  before  the  adoption  of  IFRS 9  and  are  now  classified  as 
subsequently measured at amortized cost.  

•  Non-controlling interests were classified as “Financial liabilities held for trading” before the adoption of IFRS 9 
and are now classified as subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss. Gains or losses resulting 
from the revaluation at the end of each period recorded may be recognized in net earnings or retained earnings. 
The Corporation has elected to record them in retained earnings.  

•  Derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges were classified as “Financial assets and liabilities 
at fair value through profit and loss” before the adoption of IFRS 9 and are now classified as subsequently 
measured at fair value through profit and loss.  

The changes in classification and measurement criteria resulting from the adoption of IFRS 9 had no impact on the 
measurement of financial instruments.  

Impairment of financial assets  

The adoption of IFRS 9 changes the method used to calculate the impairment of accounts receivable and loans to certain 
customers.  

At each reporting date, the Corporation estimates expected credit losses based on its credit loss history. Those expected 
loses are adjusted to reflect factors that are specific to the accounts receivable and loans to certain customers, general 
economic conditions as well as an assessment of both current and forecasted economic conditions at the reporting date, 
including time value of money when appropriate. The evaluation is calculated using the simplified method for cash and 
current assets and the general method for loans. The net change in expected credit losses on accounts receivable and 
loans to certain customers is recognized in net earnings.  

The adoption of IFRS 9 had no impact on the impairment of accounts receivable and loans to certain customers.  

Revenue from contracts with customers  
Effective the first quarter of 2019, the Corporation adopted IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. IFRS 15 
replaces IAS 18, Revenue, IAS 11, Construction Contracts, and related interpretations. IFRS 15 is effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018.  

- 53 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

The Corporation adopted IFRS 15 retrospectively in accordance with the transitional provisions thereof. The application 
of IFRS 15 had no impact on the amounts recognized in the Corporation's consolidated financial statements, and no 
amounts have been reclassified or restated.  

Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognized when control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer. Retail sales 
made by corporate stores and by stores qualifying as structured entities are recognized at the time of sale to the customer, 
and sales to affiliated or franchised stores and to other customers are recognized when the goods are delivered to them. 
Rebates granted by the Corporation are recorded as a reduction in sales.  

4. 

SIGNIFICANT JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and 
assumptions that affect the recognition and valuation of assets, liabilities, sales, other income and expenses. These 
estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors deemed relevant and reasonable and 
are reviewed at every closing date. The use of different estimates could produce different amounts in the consolidated 
financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

JUDGEMENTS 

In applying the Corporation's accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have the 
most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements: 

Consolidation of structured entities 

The Corporation has no voting rights in certain food stores. However, the franchise contract gives it the ability to control 
these stores' main activities. Its decisions are not limited to protecting its trademarks. The Corporation retains the majority 
of stores' profits and losses. For these reasons, the Corporation consolidates these food stores in its financial statements.

The Corporation has no voting rights in the trust created for PSU plan participants. However, under the trust agreement, 
it instructs the trustee as to the sale and purchase of Corporation shares and payments to beneficiaries, gives the trustee 
money to buy Corporation shares, assumes vesting variability, and ensures that the trust holds a sufficient number of 
shares to meet its obligations to the beneficiaries. For these reasons, the Corporation consolidates this trust in its financial 
statements.

The Corporation also has an agreement with a third party that operates a plant exclusively for the needs and according 
to the specifications of the Corporation, which assumes all costs and control the plant's main activities. For these reasons, 
the Corporation consolidates it in the Corporation's financial statements. 

Determination of the aggregation of operating segments 

The Corporation uses judgment in determining the aggregation of business segments. The reportable operating segment 
comprises the food operations segment and the pharmaceutical operations segment. The Corporation has aggregated 
these two business segments due to the similar nature of their goods and services and similar economic characteristics: 
operations are carried on primarily in Québec and Ontario and are therefore subject to the same regulatory environment 
and  competitive  and  economic  market  pressures,  use  the  same  product  distribution  methods  and  serve  the  same 
customers.  

ESTIMATES 

The assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have 
a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the value of assets and liabilities within the next period, are discussed 
below: 

Impairment of assets 

In testing for impairment of intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and goodwill, value in use and fair value less 
costs of disposal are estimated using the discounted future cash flows model, the capitalized excess earnings before 
financial costs and taxes (EBIT) and royalty-free licence methods. These methods are based on various assumptions, 
such as the future cash flows estimate, excess EBIT, royalty rates, discount rate, earnings multiples and growth rates. 
The key assumptions are disclosed in notes 13 and 14. 

- 54 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Pension plans and other plans 

Defined pension plans, ancillary retirements and other long-term benefits obligations and costs associated to these 
obligations are determined from actuarial calculations according to the projected credit unit method. These calculations 
are based on management's best assumptions relating to salary escalation, retirement age of participants, inflation rate 
and expected health care costs. The key assumptions are disclosed in note 23. 

Non-controlling interests

The non-current liability related to the non-controlling interest is calculated in relation to the price to be paid by the 
Corporation for the non-controlling interest, which price is based mainly on the future earnings of MissFresh (MissFresh 
and Première Moisson in 2018) as of the date the options will become exercisable. Given the uncertainty associated 
with the estimation of these future earnings, the Corporation used, at the end of the fiscal year, its most probable estimate 
and various other assumptions, including the discount rate, growth rate and capital investments. Additional information 
is presented in note 28.

5.  BUSINESS ACQUISITION

In 2018, the Corporation completed the acquisition of The Jean Coutu Group (PJC) Inc. ("Jean Coutu Group”) a for a 
total consideration of $4,525.1. Under the terms of the acquisition, the aggregate consideration transferred to the Jean 
Coutu Group shareholders consisted of $3,377.2 in cash and the issuance of approximately 28 million common shares 
of the Corporation representing $1,147.9.

The following table shows the final fair values of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition 
date:

Net assets acquired at their value

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable

Inventories

Prepaid expenses

Other assets

Fixed assets

Investment properties

Intangible assets

Goodwill

Accounts payable

Deferred taxes

Other liabilities

Cash consideration

Share consideration

- 55 -

344.2

219.3

228.3

13.5

55.4

687.4

31.4

2,544.8

1,323.5

(277.9)

(642.0)

(2.8)

4,525.1

3,377.2

1,147.9

4,525.1

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Details regarding the intangible assets are as follows:

Banner

Private labels

Customer relationships

Loyalty program

Software

Intangible assets

Estimated
useful life

Indefinite

Indefinite
27 years

Indefinite
3 to 7 years

1,340.0

82.0

1,040.0

60.0

22.8

2,544.8

Pursuant to the agreement reached with the Commissioner of Competition of Canada on April 23, 2018, the Corporation 
was required to divest its rights in 10 locations where drugstores are operated. During fiscal 2019,  the Corporation 
completed the divestiture of rights in the 10 locations where pharmacies are in operation. Consequently, the Corporation 
recorded  in  fiscal  2019  a  $6.0  gain  before  income  taxes  following  the  disposition  of  leases  and  buildings  and  the 
termination of franchise agreements related to these pharmacies, for a total consideration in cash of $14.0.

For fiscal 2018, expenses related to the Jean Coutu Group acquisition of $28.7 were recorded in operating expenses.

Since the acquisition date, the Jean Coutu Group results are included in the consolidated financial statement. For fiscal 
2018, sales and net earnings of the Jean Coutu Group were $1,157.7 $ and $80.8 respectively, excluding the amortization 
of intangible assets resulting from the purchase price allocation.

- 56 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

6.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON THE NATURE OF EARNINGS COMPONENTS

Sales

Cost of sales

Gross margins

Operating expenses

Wages and fringe benefits

Employee benefits expense (note 23)

Rents and occupancy charges
Retail network restructuring expenses 

Gain on divestiture of pharmacies 

Pharmacy network closure and restructuring expenses

Distribution network modernization project expenses

Others

Operating income before depreciation and amortization

and associate's earnings

Depreciation and amortization

Fixed assets (note 11)

Investment properties (note 12)

Intangible assets (note 13)

Financial costs, net

Current interest

Non-current interest

Interests on defined benefit obligations net of plan assets (note 23)

Amortization of deferred financing costs

Interest income

Passage of time

Gain on disposal of a portion of the investment in an associate 

(note 10)

Gain on revaluation and disposal of an investment at fair value 

(note 10)

Share of an associate’s earnings (note 10)

Earnings before income taxes

2019

%

2018

%

16,767.5

(13,438.8)

14,383.4

(11,556.5)

3,328.7

19.9

2,826.9

19.7

(880.6)

(85.8)

(529.2)

(36.0)

6.0

—

—

(481.6)

(779.3)

(83.6)

(475.8)

—

—

(31.4)

(11.4)

(434.3)

(2,007.2)

12.0

(1,815.8)

12.6

1,321.5

7.9

1,011.1

7.0

(210.3)

(0.7)

(75.4)

(286.4)

(2.9)

(103.5)

(2.1)

(2.9)

7.8

(0.2)

(103.8)

36.4

1.5

—

969.2

(185.0)

(0.2)

(48.3)

(233.5)

(4.3)

(99.0)

(3.2)

(2.2)

28.8

(0.3)

(80.2)

1,107.4

241.1

30.8

2,076.7

- 57 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

7. 

INCOME TAXES

The effective income tax rates were as follows:

(Percentage)

Combined statutory income tax rate

Changes

Gain on disposal of a portion of the investment in an associate (note 10)

Gain on revaluation and disposal of an investment at fair value (note 10)

Share of an associate's earnings

Others

The main components of the income tax expense were as follows:

Consolidated income statements

Current

Current tax expense

Deferred

Adjustment related to temporary differences

Consolidated comprehensive income statements

Deferred tax related to items reported directly in other 
comprehensive income during the year

Changes in defined benefit plans

Actuarial gains (losses)

Asset ceiling effect

Minimum funding requirement

Loss on disposal of the investment at fair value

Fair value revaluation of investment
Reclassification of the change in investment at fair value to net earnings
following the disposal of a portion of the investment
Reclassification of shares of an associate's other comprehensive income to net
earnings

2019

26.6

(0.5)

—

—

0.2

26.3

2018

26.7

(7.5)

(1.6)

(0.2)

(0.2)

17.2

2019

2018

231.7

421.6

23.1

254.8

(63.4)

358.2

2019

2018

(25.9)

1.1

(0.1)

(0.3)

—

—

—

(25.2)

9.9

(0.6)

(0.1)

—

3.0

(2.1)

(0.5)

9.6

- 58 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax impact of temporary differences between the value of assets and liabilities for 
accounting and tax purposes. The main components of the deferred tax expense and deferred tax assets and liabilities 
were as follows:

Consolidated statements 
of financial position

Consolidated statements 
of income

As at
September 28, 2019

As at 
September 29, 2018

2019

2018

Accrued expenses, provisions and

other reserves that are tax-
deductible only at the time of
disbursement

Deferred tax losses

Inventories

Employee benefits

Investment in an associate

Difference between net carrying value

and tax value

Fixed assets

Investment properties

Intangible assets

Goodwill

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

5.3

(3.3)

(0.2)

(9.9)

9.4

(27.9)

—

6.5

(3.0)

(23.1)

18.5

3.1

—

3.0

54.1

(15.2)

0.7

2.9

(3.7)

63.4

23.0

0.8

(11.4)

21.0

1.0

(194.4)

0.1

(629.9)

(50.1)

(839.9)

2.8

(842.7)

(839.9)

17.7

4.1

(11.2)

6.0

(8.7)

(166.5)

0.1

(636.4)

(47.1)

(842.0)

4.5

(846.5)

(842.0)

8.  NET EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic net earnings per share and fully diluted net earnings per share were calculated using the following number of 
shares:

(Millions)

Weighted average number of shares outstanding – Basic

Dilutive effect under:

Stock option plan

Performance share unit plan

Weighted average number of shares outstanding – Fully diluted

2019

254.9

0.8

0.6

256.3

2018

238.3

0.9

0.6

239.8

- 59 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

9. 

INVENTORIES

Wholesale inventories

Retail inventories

2019

655.1

470.9

2018

642.9

456.2

1,126.0

1,099.1

10. 

INVESTMENT AT FAIR VALUE

During the first quarter of 2019, the Corporation finalized the disposal of the entire investment at fair value in Alimentation 
Couche Tard Inc. (ACT) for final proceeds of $65.7, an amount of $68.4 was received in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 
and recorded as a deferred revenue upon entering into a forward agreement. The revaluation of this agreement as at 
September 29, 2018 gave rise to the recording of a loss and a financial liability in the amount of $1.6. The completion 
of this agreement following the disposal of the investment resulted in a revaluation gain of $1.5 before income taxes in 
2019 presented in earnings as a gain on revaluation and disposal of an investment at fair value. A loss on disposal of 
$1.3 before income taxes was recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, to fund a portion of the Jean Coutu Group acquisition, the Corporation disposed 
of most of its investment in ACT, and recorded a gain of $1,107.4. As a result of this disposal, the Corporation no longer 
has significant influence over ACT. Consequently, the investment was revalued at fair value and the Corporation recorded 
a $225.6 fair value revaluation gain in net earnings.

In  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2018,  the  Corporation  disposed  of  approximately  4  million  shares  of  the  investment 
accounted for at fair value for a cash consideration of $257.6 and a gain on disposal before income taxes of $17.1.

- 60 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

11.  FIXED ASSETS

Land

Buildings

Equipment

Leasehold
improvements

Cost

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Acquisitions
Acquisitions through business 

combinations (note 5) 
Disposals and write-offs

261.8

7.8

210.7

(6.6)

722.5

57.7

422.1

(13.6)

Balance as at September 29, 2018

473.7

1,188.7

Acquisitions

Transfers to Investment properties

Disposals and write-offs

7.7

(0.5)

(0.5)

88.9

—

(1.0)

Balance as at September 28, 2019

480.4

1,276.6

Accumulated depreciation and

impairment

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Depreciation

Disposals and write-offs

Impairment losses

Impairment loss reversals

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Depreciation

Disposals and write-offs

Impairment losses

Balance as at September 28, 2019

Net carrying value

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(204.5)

(28.2)

4.3

—

0.6

(227.8)

(53.0)

0.4

(1.4)

(281.8)

1,336.0

157.3

50.2

(35.9)

1,507.6

167.6

—

(117.8)

1,557.4

(757.8)

(100.7)

32.1

(3.5)

0.4

(829.5)

(111.8)

111.4

(0.5)

(830.4)

Buildings
under
finance
leases

50.7

4.6

0.5

—

Total

3,158.4

286.8

687.4

(70.1)

55.8

4,062.5

—

—

—

356.8

(0.5)

(186.8)

55.8

4,232.0

787.4

59.4

3.9

(14.0)

836.7

92.6

—

(67.5)

861.8

(403.3)

(31.3)

(1,396.9)

(52.2)

12.7

(4.3)

0.5

(3.9)

(185.0)

49.1

(7.8)

1.5

—

—

(446.6)

(35.2)

(1,539.1)

(41.5)

65.5

(0.2)

(4.0)

(210.3)

—

—

177.3

(2.1)

(422.8)

(39.2)

(1,574.2)

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Balance as at September 28, 2019

473.7

480.4

960.9

994.8

678.1

727.0

390.1

439.0

20.6

16.6

2,523.4

2,657.8

Impairment losses were on food store assets where cash flows decreased due to local competition. As food stores' 
profitability improved, impairment loss reversals were posted on previously impaired food store assets. 

Net additions of fixed assets excluded from the consolidated statements of cash flow was nil ($5.0 in 2018).

- 61 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

12. 

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Acquisitions
Acquisitions through business combinations (note 5)

Disposals and write-offs

Depreciation

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Acquisitions

Transfers from fixed assets

Disposals and write-offs

Depreciation

Balance as at September 28, 2019

Cost

24.3

4.3

31.4

(13.1)

—

46.9

0.1

0.5

(4.6)

—

42.9

Accumulated
depreciation

Net carrying
value

(9.3)

—

—

8.7

(0.2)

(0.8)

—

—

0.1

(0.7)

(1.4)

15.0

4.3

31.4

(4.4)

(0.2)

46.1

0.1

0.5

(4.5)

(0.7)

41.5

The fair value of investment properties was $45.4 as at September 28, 2019 ($50.8 as at September 29, 2018). The 
Corporation categorized the fair value measurement in Level 2, as it is derived from observable market inputs, i.e. recent 
transactions on these assets or similar assets.

- 62 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

13. 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets with finite useful lives were as follows:

Leasehold
rights

Software

Retail network
retention
premiums

Customer
relationships

Cost

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Acquisitions
Acquisitions through business 
combinations (note 5)
Disposals and write-offs

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Acquisitions

Disposals and write-offs

Balance as at September 28, 2019

Accumulated amortization 

and impairment

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Amortization

Disposals and write-offs

Impairment loss reversals (note 11)

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Amortization

Disposals and write-offs

Impairment loss reversals (note 11)

58.1

—

—

0.4

58.5

—

(1.1)

57.4

(41.3)

(2.1)

—

0.4

(43.0)

(1.9)

0.9

0.1

195.9

15.0

22.8

(2.6)

231.1

16.7

(1.5)

246.3

(161.9)

(10.1)

1.7

—

(170.3)

(13.8)

0.6

—

Total

528.8

34.3

247.4

19.3

27.4

—

—

1,040.0

1,062.8

(19.5)

247.2

34.7

(19.3)

262.6

(116.8)

(19.1)

14.1

—

(121.8)

(18.8)

18.9

—

—

(21.7)

1,067.4

1,604.2

—

—

51.4

(21.9)

1,067.4

1,633.7

(16.0)

(17.0)

—

—

(33.0)

(40.9)

—

—

(336.0)

(48.3)

15.8

0.4

(368.1)

(75.4)

20.4

0.1

Balance as at September 28, 2019

(43.9)

(183.5)

(121.7)

(73.9)

(423.0)

Net carrying value

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Balance as at September 28, 2019

15.5

13.5

60.8

62.8

125.4

140.9

1,034.4

993.5

1,236.1

1,210.7

Net additions of intangible assets excluded from the consolidated statement of cash flows amounted to $18.3 in 2019
($8.4 in 2018).

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives were as follows:

Banners

Private labels

Loyalty programs

Total

Balance as at September 30, 2017
Acquisitions through business combinations 
 (note 5)

Balances as at September 29, 2018 and

September 28, 2019

39.5

82.0

121.5

23.5

196.3

60.0

1,482.0

83.5

1,678.3

133.3

1,340.0

1,473.3

- 63 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Impairment testing of loyalty programs and exclusive private labels was conducted at the level of the asset itself. The 
recoverable  amount  was  determined  based  on  its  fair  value  less  costs  of  disposal,  which  was  calculated  using  the 
capitalized excess EBIT method. The estimated EBIT directly allocated to the programs and private labels, after deduction 
of the return on contributory assets, was based on historical data reflecting past experience. For loyalty programs, the 
earnings multiples used were 17.2 and 13.0 (13.6 in 2018) considering a growth rate of 2.0% (2.0% in 2018) corresponding 
to the consumer price index. For these private labels, the earnings multiples used were 14.3 and 17.4 (12.8 and 15.4 
in 2018) considering a growth rate of 2.0% (2.0% in 2018) corresponding to the consumer price index. The Corporation 
categorized the fair value measurement in Level 3, as it is derived from unobservable market inputs.

Impairment testing of banners and other private labels were conducted at the level of the asset itself. The recoverable 
amount was determined based on its fair value calculated using the royalty-free licence method. The estimated royalty 
rate was based on information from external sources and historical data reflecting past experience. For the banners and 
these private labels, the royalty rate used was 1.0% to 3.0% (1.0% to 3.0% in 2018) and the multiples used were between 
15.4 and 17.4 (13.3 and 15.4 in 2018) considering growth rate of 2.0% (2.0% in 2018) corresponding to the consumer 
price index. The Corporation categorized the fair value measurement in Level 3, as it is derived from unobservable 
market inputs.

No reasonably possible change of any of these assumptions would result in a carrying amount higher than the recoverable 
amount.

14.  GOODWILL

Balance – beginning of year

Acquisitions through business combinations (note 5)

Disposals

Balance – end of year

2019

2018

3,302.2

6.3

(2.0)

1,973.8

1,328.9

(0.5)

3,306.5

3,302.2

For impairment testing, goodwill with a carrying amount of $1,983.2 ($1,976.9 as at September 29, 2018) was attributed 
to the operating segment related to food operations. The recoverable amount was determined based on its value in use, 
which was calculated using pre-tax cash flow forecasts from the management-approved budgets for the next fiscal year. 
The forecasts reflected past experience. A pre-tax discount rate of 10.5% (11.6% in 2018) was used and any growth 
rate was taken into consideration. No reasonably possible change of any of these assumptions would result in a carrying 
amount higher than the recoverable amount.

For impairment testing, goodwill with a carrying amount of $1,323.3 ($1,325.3 as at September 28, 2019) was attributed 
to the operating segment related to pharmaceutical operations. The recoverable amount was determined based on its 
fair value less costs of exit, which was calculated using pre-tax cash flow forecasts from the management-approved 
budgets for the next fiscal year. The forecasts reflected past experience. The earnings multiple used was 11.5 (14.0 in 
2018) considering a growth rate of 2.0% (2.0% in 2018) corresponding to the consumer price index. The Corporation 
categorized the fair value measurement in Level 3, as it is derived from unobservable market inputs. A decrease of 1.0 
in the earnings multiple used, excluding the change in other assumptions, would not result in a carrying amount higher 
than the recoverable amount.

- 64 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

15.  OTHER ASSETS

Loans to certain customers, bearing interest at floating rates, 
repayable in monthly instalments, maturing through 2031

Investments in joint ventures and associates acquired through business

combinations

Other assets

Current portion included in accounts receivable

2019

2018

62.8

6.9

3.3

73.0

10.6

62.4

64.5

35.7

4.3

104.5

11.7

92.8

During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company disposed of its investment in Colo-D Inc., an associate presented 
in other assets, for a total cash consideration of $58.0 and a gain of $35.4 before income taxes ($31.0 after income 
taxes). A selling price adjustment was made during the third quarter, bringing the total cash consideration to $59.0 and 
the gain before income taxes to $36.4 ($31.9 after taxes).

16.  BANK LOANS

As at September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, the Corporation's bank loans were the credit margins of structured 
entities. The consolidated structured entities have credit margins totaling $8.4 ($8.3 as at September 29, 2018), bearing 
interest at prime plus 0.5%, unsecured and maturing on various dates through 2020. As at September 28, 2019, none 
($0.1 as at September 29, 2018) had been drawn down under credit margins at an interest rate of 4.5% (4.2% as at 
September 29, 2018).

17.  OFFSETTING

Accounts payable (gross)

Vendor rebate receivables

Accounts payable (net)

2019

2018

1,389.7

(58.3)

1,331.4

1,320.9

(52.6)

1,268.3

- 65 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

18.  PROVISIONS

Onerous
leases

Retail network
restructuring
expenses

Pharmacy
network closure
and restructuring
expenses

Distribution
network
modernization
project expenses

Balance as at 

September 30, 2017

Acquisitions through business 

combinations (note 5)

Additional provisions

Amounts used
Passage of time

Balance as at 

September 29, 2018

Current provisions

Non-current provisions

Balance as at 

September 29, 2018

Balance as at 

September 29, 2018

Additional provisions

Amounts used

Passage of time

Balance as at 

September 28, 2019

Current provisions

Non-current provisions

Balance as at 

September 28, 2019

4.7

2.9

0.4

(3.3)

—

4.7

2.4

2.3

4.7

4.7

—

(2.0)

—

2.7

1.8

0.9

2.7

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

24.9

(9.9)

(0.2)

14.8

5.1

9.7

14.8

—

—

13.9

—

—

13.9

5.6

8.3

13.9

13.9

—

(2.3)

—

11.6

4.0

7.6

11.6

Total

4.7

2.9

25.7

(3.3)

0.3

30.3

8.0

22.3

30.3

30.3

24.9

(14.3)

0.2

—

—

11.4

—

0.3

11.7

—

11.7

11.7

11.7

—

(0.1)

0.4

12.0

41.1

—

12.0

12.0

10.9

30.2

41.1

Onerous leases correspond to leases for premises that are no longer used for the Corporation's operations. The amount 
of the provision for these leases equals the discounted present value of the future lease payments less the estimated 
future sublease income. The estimate may vary with the sublease assumptions. The remaining terms of these leases 
are from one to 8 years.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, the Corporation recorded retail network restructuring expenses of $36.0 before 
taxes, comprising a $24.9 provision for severance and occupancy costs and a $11.1 provision, netted against assets, 
for asset and inventory write-offs resulting from the conversion, relocation or closure of a dozen stores. 

During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Corporation recorded store closure and restructuring expenses of $31.4 before 
taxes, comprising a $13.9 provision for severance and occupancy costs and a $17.5 provision, netted against assets, 
for asset and inventory write-offs resulting from the future transfer of pharmaceutical operations from the McMahon 
warehouse  to  the  Jean  Coutu  Group  warehouse,  the  reduction  of  administrative  positions,  the  closure  of  3  Brunet 
drugstores and the divestiture of 10 drugstores.

The Corporation announced in October 2017, a projected $400.0 investment over six years in its Ontario distribution 
network. The Corporation will modernize its Toronto operations between 2018 and 2023, building a new fresh distribution 
centre and a new frozen distribution centre. During the first quarter of 2018, the Corporation recorded a $11.4 before 
taxes  provision  related  to  termination  and  retirement  benefits  in  connection  with  the  modernization  of  the  Ontario 
distribution network.

- 66 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

19.  DEBT

Series E Notes, bearing interest at a floating rate equal to the 3-month bankers'
acceptance rate plus 0.57%, 2.65% in 2019 (2.16% in 2018), maturing on
February 27, 2020 and redeemable at the issuer's option at fair value at any
time prior to maturity

Series C Notes, bearing interest at a fixed nominal rate of 3.20%, maturing on
December 1, 2021 and redeemable at the issuer's option at fair value at any
time prior to maturity

Series F Notes, bearing interest at a fixed nominal rate of 2.68%, maturing on
December 5, 2022 and redeemable at the issuer's option at fair value at any
time prior to maturity

Series G Notes bearing interest at a fixed nominal rate of 3.39%, maturing on
December 6, 2027 and redeemable at the issuer's option at fair value at any
time prior to maturity

Series B Notes, bearing interest at a fixed nominal rate of 5.97%, maturing on

October 15, 2035 and redeemable at the issuer's option at fair value at any time
prior to maturity

Series D Notes, bearing interest at a fixed nominal rate of 5.03%, maturing on
December 1, 2044 and redeemable at the issuer's option at fair value at any
time prior to maturity

Series H Notes, bearing interest at a fixed nominal rate of 4.27%, maturing on
December 4, 2047 and redeemable at the issuer's option at fair value at any
time prior to maturity

Loans, maturing on various dates through 2027, bearing interest at an average

rate of 2.50% (2.64% in 2018)

Obligations under finance leases, bearing interest at an effective rate of 7.67% 

(7.71% in 2018)

Deferred financing costs

Current portion

2019

2018

400.0

400.0

300.0

300.0

300.0

300.0

450.0

450.0

400.0

400.0

300.0

300.0

450.0

51.0

20.9

(14.3)

2,657.6

428.6

2,229.0

450.0

35.2

25.7

(17.2)

2,643.7

13.3

2,630.4

The Corporation reclassified the Series E Notes of $400.0 to current portion of the debt as it matures in fiscal 2020. The 
Corporation intends to refinance the Series E Notes.

The Corporation has access to an unsecured revolving credit facility with a maximum of $600.0 bearing interest at rates 
that  fluctuate  with  changes  in  bankers'  acceptance  rates. As  at  September 28, 2019  and  September 29, 2018,  the 
authorized revolving credit facility was unused. Given that the Corporation frequently increases and decreases this credit 
facility through bankers' acceptances with a minimum of 30 days and to simplify its presentation, the Corporation found 
that it is preferable for the understanding of its financing activities to present the consolidated statement of cash flows 
solely  with  net  annual  changes.  On  October  10,  2019,  the  maturity  of  the  revolving  credit  facility  was  extended  to 
November 3, 2024.

The amortization of deferred financing fees and the debt related to the acquisition of intangible assets, excluded from 
the consolidated statements of cash flows, totalled $21.2 in 2019 ($15.6 in 2018).

- 67 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Repayments of debt in the upcoming fiscal years will be as follows:

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2024 and thereafter

Loans

25.1

2.6

1.7

1.1

0.9

19.6

51.0

Notes

400.0

—

300.0

300.0

—

1,600.0

2,600.0

Obligations under
finance leases

4.9

3.5

2.3

2.0

2.0

14.4

29.1

Total

430.0

6.1

304.0

303.1

2.9

1,634.0

2,680.1

The minimum payments in respect of the obligations under finance leases included interest amounting to $8.2 on these 
obligations in 2019 ($9.1 in 2018).

20.  OTHER LIABILITIES

Lease liabilities

Other liabilities

2019

10.4

2.4

12.8

2018

9.6

2.1

11.7

- 68 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

21.   CAPITAL STOCK

The authorized capital stock of the Corporation was summarized as follows:

•  unlimited number of Common Shares, bearing one voting right per share, participating, without par value;
•  unlimited number of Preferred Shares, non-voting, without par value, issuable in series.

Common Shares issued

The Common Shares issued and the changes during the year were summarized as follows:

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Shares issued for cash

Stock options exercised

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Shares redeemed for cash, excluding premium of $126.1

Stock options exercised

Balance as at September 28, 2019

Treasury shares

The treasury shares changes during the year were summarized as follows:

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Acquisition

Release

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Acquisition

Release

Balance as at September 28, 2019

Number

(Thousands)

227,719

28,031

503

256,253

(2,925)

1,112

565.8

1,147.9

10.4

1,724.1

(19.8)

28.0

254,440

1,732.3

Number

(Thousands)

579

250

(226)

603

115

(141)

577

(21.9)

(10.2)

7.2

(24.9)

(5.6)

5.9

(24.6)

Treasury shares are held in trust for the PSU plan. They will be released into circulation when the PSUs settle. The trust, 
considered a structured entity, is consolidated in the Corporation's financial statements.

Stock option plan

The Corporation has a stock option plan for certain Corporation employees providing for the grant of options to purchase 
up to 30,000,000 Common Shares. As at September 28, 2019, a balance of 4,189,336 shares could be issued following 
the exercise of stock options (5,300,796 as at September 29, 2018). The subscription price of each Common Share 
under an option granted pursuant to the plan is equal to the market price of the shares on the day prior to the option 
grant date and must be paid in full at the time the option is exercised. While the Board of Directors determines other 
terms and conditions for the exercise of options, in general no options may have a term of more than five years from 
the date the option may initially be exercised, in whole or in part, and the total term may in no circumstances exceed 
ten years from the option grant date. Options may generally be exercised two years after their grant date and vest at 
the rate of 20% per year. 

- 69 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

The outstanding options and the changes during the year were summarized as follows:

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Granted

Exercised

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Granted

Exercised

Cancelled

Balance as at September 28, 2019

Weighted
average
exercise
price

Number

(Thousands)

(Dollars)

3,180

390

(503)

3,067

416

(1,112)

(90)

2,281

26.94

41.16

17.49

30.30

47.56

21.55

40.71

37.30

The information regarding the stock options outstanding and exercisable as at September 28, 2019 was summarized 
below:

Range of exercise prices
(Dollars)

20.30 to 24.69

35.42 to 48.68

Outstanding options

Exercisable options

Weighted 
average 
remaining 
period
(Months)

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(Dollars)

17.4

52.8

45.8

22.00

41.03

37.30

Number
(Thousands)

447

1,834

2,281

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price
(Dollars)

21.98

37.74

30.86

Number
(Thousands)

323

417

740

The weighted average fair value of $6.57 per option ($5.73 in 2018) for stock options granted during fiscal 2019 was 
determined at the time of grant using the Black-Scholes model and the following weighted average assumptions: risk-
free interest rate of 1.8% (2.2% in 2018), expected life of 5.5 years (5.4 years in 2018), expected volatility of 16.1% 
(15.7% in 2018) and expected dividend yield of 1.7% (1.8% in 2018). The expected volatility is based on the historic 
share price volatility over a period similar to the life of the options.

Compensation expense for these options amounted to $2.0 for fiscal 2019 ($2.0 in 2018).

- 70 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Performance share unit plan

The  Corporation  has  a  PSU  plan.  Under  this  program,  senior  executives  and  other  key  employees  (participants) 
periodically receive a given number of PSUs. The PSUs entitle the participant to Common Shares of the Corporation, 
or at the latter's discretion, the cash equivalent, if the Corporation meets certain financial performance indicators. PSUs 
vest at the end of a period of three years.

PSUs outstanding and changes during the year were summarized as follows:

Balance as at September 30, 2017

Granted

Settled

Cancelled

Balance as at September 29, 2018

Granted

Settled

Cancelled

Balance as at September 28, 2019

Number

(Thousands)

547

230

(193)

(5)

579

226

(141)

(59)

605

The weighted average fair value of $47.57 per PSU ($41.16 in 2018) for PSUs granted during fiscal 2019 was the stock 
market valuation of a Common Share of the Corporation at grant date.

The compensation expense comprising all of these PSUs amounted to $6.6 for fiscal 2019 ($7.1 in 2018).

Deferred Share Unit Plan

The Corporation has a DSU plan designed to encourage stock ownership by directors who are not Corporation officers. 
Under  this  program,  directors  who  meet  the  stock  ownership  guidelines  may  choose  to  receive  all  or  part  of  their 
compensation in DSUs. DSUs vest when granted. On leaving, a director receives a lump-sum cash payout from the 
Corporation.

The DSU expense totalled $6.2 for fiscal 2019 ($0.7 in 2018).  

As at September 28, 2019, the DSU liability amounted to $17.3 ($13.4 as at September 29, 2018).

22.  DIVIDENDS

In fiscal 2019, the Corporation paid $198.9 in dividends to holders of Common Shares ($164.8 in 2018), or $0.7800 per 
share ($0.7025 in 2018). On September 30, 2019, the Corporation's Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of 
$0.2000 per Common Share payable on November 12, 2019.

- 71 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

23.  EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

The Corporation maintains several defined benefit and defined contribution plans for eligible employees, which provide 
most participants with pension, ancillary retirement benefits, and other long-term employee benefits which in certain 
cases are based on the number of years of service or final average salary. The defined benefit plans are funded by the 
Corporation's contributions, with some plans also funded by participants' contributions. The Corporation also provides 
eligible employees and retirees with health care, life insurance and other long-term benefits. Ancillary retirement benefits 
plans and other long-term employee benefits are not funded and are presented in other plans. Pension committees 
made up of employer and employee representatives are responsible for all administrative decisions concerning certain 
plans.

Defined benefit pension plans and ancillary retirement benefit plans expose the Corporation to actuarial risks such as 
interest rate risk, longevity risk, investment risk and inflation risk. Consequently, the Corporation’s investment policy 
provides for a diversified portfolio whose bond component matches the expected timing and payments of benefits.

The changes in present value of the defined benefit obligation were as follows:

2019

2018

Pension
plans

Other
plans

Pension
plans

Other
plans

Balance – beginning of year

1,262.7

35.0

1,170.9

Acquisitions through business combinations (note 5)

Participant contributions

Benefits paid

Items in net earnings

Current service cost

Interest cost

Past service cost

Actuarial losses (gains)

Items in comprehensive income

Actuarial gains from demographic assumptions

Actuarial losses (gains) from financial assumptions

Adjustments due to experience

Balance – end of year

—

7.8

—

—

(49.2)

(3.7)

43.8

50.3

—

—

94.1

(0.1)

199.4

(2.7)

196.6

1,512.0

2.5

1.4

0.2

(1.3)

2.8

(1.3)

2.1

—

0.8

34.9

47.5

7.1

(47.6)

40.2

47.3

1.7

—

89.2

(1.2)

(2.1)

(1.1)

(4.4)

1,262.7

34.1

—

—

(3.3)

2.0

1.3

0.2

0.9

4.4

(0.5)

(0.1)

0.4

(0.2)

35.0

The present value of the defined benefit obligation may be reflected as follows:

(Percentage)

Active plan participants

Deferred plan participants

Retirees

2019

2018

Pension
plans

Other
plans

Pension
plans

Other
plans

59

5

36

71

—

29

61

4

35

71

—

29

- 72 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

The changes in the fair value of plan assets were as follows:

Fair value – beginning of year

Acquisitions through business combinations (note 5)

Employer contributions

Participant contributions

Benefits paid

Items in net earnings

Interest income

Administration costs

Items in comprehensive income

Return on plan assets, excluding the amounts included in
interest income

Fair value – end of year

2019

2018

Pension
plans

Other
plans

1,290.6

—

78.1

7.8

—

—

3.7

—

Pension
plans

1,167.8

47.2

39.2

7.1

Other
plans

—

—

3.3

—

(49.2)

(3.7)

(47.6)

(3.3)

50.3

(1.4)

48.9

99.4

1,475.6

—

—

—

—

—

46.0

(1.7)

44.3

32.6

1,290.6

—

—

—

—

—

The changes in the asset ceiling and the minimum funding requirement for pension plans were as follows:

Balance - beginning of year

Interests

Change in defined benefit assets

Change in defined benefit liabilities

Balance - end of year

2019

2018

Asset
ceiling

Minimum
funding
requirement

Asset
ceiling

Minimum
funding
requirement

(18.9)

(0.7)

4.3

—

(15.3)

(0.2)

(16.2)

—

—

(0.6)

(0.8)

(0.6)

(2.1)

—

(18.9)

—

—

—

(0.2)

(0.2)

The value of the economic benefit that determined the asset ceiling represents the present value of future contribution 
holidays, and the minimum funding requirement represents the present value of required contributions under the law, 
which do not result, once made, in an economic benefit for the Corporation.

- 73 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

The changes in the defined benefit plans' funding status were as follows:

Balance of defined benefit obligation – end of year

Fair value of plan assets – end of year

Funding position

Asset ceiling effect

Minimum funding requirement

Defined benefit assets

Defined benefit liabilities

2019

2018

Pension
plans

Other
plans

Pension
plans

(1,512.0)

1,475.6

(36.4)

(15.3)

(0.8)

(52.5)

25.6

(78.1)

(52.5)

(34.9)

(1,262.7)

—

(34.9)

—

—

(34.9)

—

(34.9)

(34.9)

1,290.6

27.9

(18.9)

(0.2)

8.8

55.1

(46.3)

8.8

Other
plans

(35.0)

—

(35.0)

—

—

(35.0)

—

(35.0)

(35.0)

The defined contribution and defined benefit plans expense recorded in net earnings was as follows:

Defined contribution plans, including multi-employer plans

Defined benefit plans

Current service cost

Past service cost

Actuarial losses (gains)

Administration costs

Employee benefits expense

Interest on obligations, asset ceiling effect and minimum
funding requirement net of plans assets, presented in
financial costs

Net total expense

2019

Pension
plans

39.2

43.8

—

—

1.4

45.2

84.4

0.7

85.1

Other
plans

—

2.5

0.2

(1.3)

—

1.4

1.4

1.4

2.8

The remeasurements recognized as other comprehensive income were as follows:

2019

2018

Pension
plans

Other
plans

Pension
plans

Actuarial losses (gains) on obligations incurred

Return on plan assets

Change in the effect of the asset ceiling

Change in the minimum funding requirement

196.6

(99.4)

(4.3)

0.6

93.5

0.8

—

—

—

0.8

(34.7)

(0.2)

Total cash payments for employee benefits, consisting of cash contributed by the Corporation to its funded pension plans 
and cash payments directly to beneficiaries for its unfunded other benefit plans, amounted to $81.8 in 2019 ($42.5 in 
2018). The Corporation plans to contribute $54.4 to the defined benefit plans during the next fiscal year and $28.5 to 
multi-employer plans.

- 74 -

2018

Pension
plans

Other
plans

36.3

40.2

1.7

—

1.7

43.6

79.9

1.9

81.8

(4.4)

(32.6)

2.1

0.2

0.6

2.0

0.2

0.9

—

3.1

3.7

1.3

5.0

Other
plans

(0.2)

—

—

—

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Weighted  average  duration  of  defined  benefit  obligations  was  16  years  as  at  September 28, 2019  (15  years  as  at 
September 29, 2018).

The most recent actuarial valuations for funding purposes in respect of the Corporation's pension plans were performed 
on  various  dates  between  December 2017  and  September  2019.  The  next  valuations  will  be  performed  in 
December 2019.

Plan assets, evaluated at level 1 as it is based on quoted market prices in an active market for the shares and at level 
2 for bonds and others as it is derived from observable market inputs, held in trust and their weighted average allocation 
as at the measurement dates were as follows:

Asset categories (Percentage)

Shares in Canadian corporations

Shares in foreign corporations

Government and corporation bonds

Others

2019

2018

18

22

51

9

21

24

48

7

Pension  plan  assets  included  shares  issued  by  the  Corporation  with  a  fair  value  of  $6.1  as  at  September 28, 2019
($4.3 as at September 29, 2018).

The  principal  actuarial  assumptions  used  in  determining  the  defined  benefit  obligation  and  service  costs  were  the 
following:

(Percentage)

Pension plans

Other plans

Pension plans

Other plans

2019

2018

Discount rate on defined benefit obligation

Discount rate on service costs

Rate of compensation increase

3.01

3.96

3.00

3.01

3.96

3.00

3.90

4.00

3.00

3.90

4.00

3.00

Mortality table

CPM2014Priv CPM2014Priv

CPM2014Priv CPM2014Priv

To determine the most suitable discount rate, management considers the interest rates for high-quality bonds issued by 
entities  operating  in  Canada  with  cash  flows  that  match  the  timing  and  amount  of  expected  benefit  payments. The 
mortality rate is based on available mortality tables. Projected inflation rates are taken into account in establishing future 
wage and pension increases.

A 1% change in the discount rate, taking into consideration any modifications to other assumptions, would have the 
following effects:

Pension plans

Other plans

1% increase

1% decrease

1% increase

1% decrease

Effect on defined benefit obligation

(222.9)

268.9

(3.0)

3.6

The assumed annual health care cost trend rate per participant was set at 5.5% (5.6% in 2018). Under the assumption 
used, this rate should gradually decline to 4.0% in 2040 and remain at that level thereafter. A 1% change in this rate 
would have the following effects:

Effect on defined benefit obligation

1% increase

1% decrease

(1.7)

1.5

- 75 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

24.  COMMITMENTS

Operating leases

The Corporation has operating lease commitments, with varying terms through 2041 and one to 14 five-year renewal 
options, to lease premises and equipment used for business purposes. The Corporation does not have an option to 
purchase the leased assets when the leases expire, but it has the right of first refusal in certain cases. Future minimum 
lease payments under these operating leases will be as follows:

Under 1 year

Between 1 and 5 years

Over 5 years

2019

194.6

629.1

573.2

2018

188.4

589.3

522.0

1,396.9

1,299.7

In addition, the Corporation has committed to leases for premises, with varying terms through 2040 and one to 17 five-
year lease renewal options, which it sublets to clients generally under the same terms and conditions. Future minimum 
lease payments under these operating leases will be as follows:

Under 1 year

Between 1 and 5 years

Over 5 years

Finance leases

2019

99.5

318.2

261.5

679.2

2018

100.5

326.5

308.7

735.7

The Corporation has finance lease commitments, with varying terms through 2036 and three to seven five-year renewal 
options, to lease premises used for business purposes and IT equipment. The Corporation does not have an option to 
purchase the leased assets when the leases expire. Future minimum lease payments under these finance leases and 
the present value of net minimum lease payments will be as follows:

Under 1 year

Between 1 and 5 years

Over 5 years

Minimum lease payments

Future financial costs

Present value of minimum lease payments

Service contracts

Minimum lease payments

Present value of
minimum lease payments

2019

2018

2019

2018

4.9

9.8

14.4

29.1

(8.2)

20.9

6.2

12.5

16.1

34.8

(9.1)

25.7

3.6

6.3

11.0

20.9

—

20.9

4.6

8.8

12.3

25.7

—

25.7

The Corporation has service contract commitments essentially for transportation and IT, with varying terms through 2030
and no renewal option. Future minimum payments under these service contracts will be as follows:

Under 1 year

Between 1 and 5 years

Over 5 years

- 76 -

2019

141.9

330.3

10.3

482.5

2018

121.4

161.4

27.4

310.2

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

25.  CONTINGENCIES

Guarantees

The Corporation has guaranteed loans granted to certain customers by financial institutions, with varying terms through 
2030. The balance of these loans amounted to $24.1 as at September 28, 2019 ($22.1 as at September 29, 2018). No 
liability  has  been  recorded  in  respect  of  these  guarantees  for  the  years  ended  September 28, 2019  and 
September 29, 2018.

Buyback agreements

Under  inventory  repurchase  agreements,  the  Corporation  has  undertaken  with  respect  to  financial  institutions  to 
repurchase at cost the inventories of certain customers, when they are in default, up to the amount drawn on lines of 
credit  granted  to  these  same  customers  by  the  financial  institutions. As  at  September 28, 2019,  inventory  financing 
amounted to $192.4 ($201.9 as at September 29, 2018). However, under these agreements, the Corporation has not 
undertaken to make up for any deficit created if the value of inventories falls below the amount of the advances.

Under  buyback  agreements,  the  Corporation  is  committed  to  financial  institutions  to  purchase  equipment  held  by 
customers and financed by finance leases not exceeding 5 years and loans not exceeding 15 years. For finance leases, 
the buyback value is linked to the net balance of the lease at the date of the buyback. For equipment financed by bank 
loans, the minimum buyback value is either set by contract with the financial institutions, or linked to the loan balance 
at the buyback date. As at September 28, 2019, financing related to the equipment amounted to $44.6 ($50.7 as at 
September 29, 2018).

No  liability  has  been  recorded  in  respect  of  these  guarantees  for  the  years  ended  September 28, 2019  and 
September 29, 2018  and  historically,  the  Corporation  has  not  made  any  indemnification  payments  under  such 
agreements.

Claims

In the normal course of business, various proceedings and claims are instituted against the Corporation. The Corporation 
contests the validity of these claims and proceedings and at this stage, the Corporation does not believe that these 
matters will have a material effect on the Corporation's financial position or on consolidated earnings. However, since 
any litigation involves uncertainty, it is not possible to predict the outcome of these litigations or the amount of potential 
losses. No accruals or provisions for contingent losses have been recognized in the Corporation’s annual consolidated 
financial statements. 

In May 2019, two proposed class actions relating to opioids were filed in Ontario and in Québec against a large group 
of defendants including a subsidiary of the Corporation, Pro Doc Ltée. The allegations in these proposed class actions 
are similar to the allegations contained in the proposed class action filed by the province of British Columbia in August 
2018 against numerous manufacturers and distributors of opioids, including subsidiaries of the Corporation, Pro Doc 
Ltée and The Jean Coutu Group (PJC) Inc. These proposed class actions contain allegations of breach of the Competition 
Act, of fraudulent misrepresentation and deceit, and of negligence. The province of British Columbia seeks damages 
(unquantified) on behalf of all federal, provincial and territorial governments and agencies for expenses allegedly incurred 
in paying for opioid prescriptions and other healthcare costs that would be related to opioid addiction and abuse while 
the Ontario and Québec proposed claims seek recovery of damages on behalf of opioid users directly. The Corporation 
believes these proceedings are without merit and that, in certain cases, there is no jurisdiction.  

In October 2017, the Canadian Competition Bureau began an investigation into the supply and sale of commercial bread 
which involves certain Canadian suppliers and retailers, including the Corporation. The Corporation continues to fully 
cooperate with the Competition Bureau. Class actions lawsuits have also been filed against the Corporation, suppliers 
and other retailers. Based on the information available to date, the Corporation does not believe that it or any of its 
employees have violated the Competition Act.  

During the 2016 fiscal year, an application for authorization to institute a class action was served on the Jean Coutu 
Group by Sopropharm, an association incorporated under the Professional Syndicates Act of which certain franchised 
drugstore owners of the Jean Coutu Group are members. The application seeks to have the class action authorized in 
the form of a declaratory action seeking amongst others (i) to set aside certain contractual provisions of the Jean Coutu 
Group’s standard franchise agreements, including the clause providing for the payment of royalties on sales of medication 
by  franchised  establishments;  (ii)  to  restore  certain  benefits;  and  (iii)  to  reduce  certain  contractual  obligations.  On 
November 1, 2018, the Court granted the application for authorization to institute a class action, the authorization process 

- 77 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

being merely a procedural step and the judgment in no way decides the case on the merits. The Corporation intends to 
contest this action on the merits.  

26.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Corporation has significant interest in the following subsidiaries and joint venture:

Names

Subsidiaries

Metro Richelieu Inc.

Metro Ontario Inc.

Groupe Jean Coutu Inc.

McMahon Distributeur pharmaceutique Inc.

Pro Doc Ltée
RX Information Centre Ltd. 

Metro Québec Immobilier Inc.

Metro Ontario Real Estate Limited

Metro Ontario Pharmacies Limited

Groupe Adonis Inc.

Groupe Phoenicia Inc.

Groupe Première Moisson Inc.

MissFresh Inc.

Joint venture

Dunnhumby Canada Limited

Medicus Group Inc.

Country of
incorporation

Percentage of 
interest in the capital

Percentage of
voting rights

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100,0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

75.0

70.0

50.0

46.5

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100,0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

75.0

70.0

50.0

46.5

The joint venture with Dunnhumby Canada Limited ended on February 28, 2019.

In the normal course of business, the following transactions have been entered into with related parties:

Joint venture

Companies controlled by a member of 

the Board of Directors

Joint venture

Companies controlled by a member of 

the Board of Directors

2019

2018

Sales

Services
received

—

66.6

66.6

5.2

—

5.2

Sales

—

25.1

25.1

Services
received

9.6

—

9.6

2019

2018

Accounts
receivable

Accounts
payable

Accounts
receivable

Accounts
payable

—

4.9

4.9

—

—

—

—

5.1

5.1

(2.6)

—

(2.6)

- 78 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Compensation for the principal officers and directors was as follows:

Compensation and current benefits

Post-employment benefits

Share-based payment

2019

2018

8.3

0.8

6.2

15.3

5.7

2.7

6.0

14.4

27.  MANAGEMENT OF CAPITAL

The Corporation aims to maintain a capital level that enables it to meet several objectives, namely:
• 

Striving for a percentage of non-current debt to total combined non-current debt and equity (non-current debt/total 
capital ratio) of less than 50%.

•  Maintaining an adequate credit rating to obtain an investment grade rating for its term notes.
• 

Paying total annual dividends representing a range of 20% to 30% of the prior fiscal year's net earnings, excluding 
non recurring items, with a target of 25%.

In its capital structure, the Corporation considers its stock option and PSU plans for key employees and officers. In 
addition, the Corporation's stock redemption plan is one of the tools it uses to achieve its objectives.

The Corporation is not subject to any capital requirements imposed by a regulator.

The Corporation's fiscal 2019 annual results regarding its capital management objectives were as follows:
• 
• 
• 

a non-current debt/total capital ratio of 30.6% (31.7% as at September 29, 2018);
a BBB credit rating confirmed by S&P and DBRS (same rating in 2018);
a dividend representing 34.3% of net earnings, excluding non recurring items, for the previous fiscal year (27.1% 
in 2018).

The capital management objectives remain the same as for the previous fiscal year.

- 79 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

28.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

FAIR VALUE

The non current financial instruments' book and fair values were as follows:

Investment at fair value
Asset subsequently measured at fair value through 

comprehensive income (note 10)

Other assets

Assets measured at amortized cost

Loans to certain customers (note 15)

Non-controlling interests
Liabilities measured at fair value through profit and
loss

Debt (note 19)

Liabilities measured at amortized cost

Series E Notes

Series C Notes

Series F Notes

Series G Notes

Series B Notes

Series D Notes

Series H Notes

Loans

2019

2018

Book value

Fair value

Book value

Fair value

—

—

66.9

66.9

62.8

62.8

64.5

64.5

—

—

39.3

39.3

400.0

300.0

300.0

450.0

400.0

300.0

450.0

51.0

400.3

305.2

302.4

466.8

512.0

362.6

491.8

51.0

400.0

300.0

300.0

450.0

400.0

300.0

450.0

35.2

401.2

300.6

292.9

432.8

474.7

323.5

432.5

35.2

2,651.0

2,892.1

2,635.2

2,693.4

The fair value of loans to certain customers and loans payable is equivalent to their carrying value since their interest 
rates are comparable to market rates. The Corporation categorized the fair value measurement in Level 2, as it is derived 
from observable market inputs.

The investment’s fair value was measured using the closing quoted bid price of the shares of ACT which are listed on 
the TSX. The Corporation categorized the fair value measurement in Level 1, as it is derived from quoted prices in active 
markets.

The fair value of notes represents the obligations that the Corporation would have to meet in the event of the negotiation 
of similar notes under current market conditions. The Corporation categorized the fair value measurement in Level 2, 
as it is derived from observable market inputs.

The fair value of the non-controlling interest-related non-current liability is equivalent to the estimated price to be paid, 
which is based mainly on the discounted value of the projected future earnings of MissFresh (MissFresh and Première 
Moisson  in  2018),  as  of  the  date  the  options  will  become  exercisable.  The  Corporation  categorized  the  fair  value 
measurement in Level 3, as it is derived from data that is not observable. 

- 80 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

The changes of the non-controlling interest-related liability were as follows:

Balance – beginning of year

Buyout of minority interests

Change in fair value

Balance – end of year

Current portion

Non-current portion

Balance – end of year

2019

39.3

—

11.8

51.1

51.1

—

51.1

2018

260.9

(221.2)

(0.4)

39.3

—

39.3

39.3

During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, the Corporation reclassified as current the liability related to the non-controlling 
interest in Première Moisson given that under the shareholders’ agreement, the Corporation will acquire the minority 
interest effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2020. The fair value of the non-controlling interest-related current liability 
corresponds to an estimation of price to be paid based on Première Moisson fiscal 2019 results in accordance with the 
agreement between the parties.

In accordance with the shareholder agreement, the Corporation acquired the minority interests in Adonis and Phoenicia 
during the first quarter of fiscal 2018 for a cash consideration of $221.2. 

INTEREST RATE RISK

In the normal course of business, the Corporation is exposed primarily to interest rate fluctuations risk as a result of 
loans and receivables that it grants, as well as revolving credit facility and loans payable that it contracts at variable 
interest rates.

The Corporation keeps a close watch on interest rate fluctuations and, if warranted, uses derivative financial instruments 
such as interest rate swap contracts. As at September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, there were no outstanding 
interest rate swap contracts.

CREDIT RISK

Loans and receivables / Guarantees

The Corporation sells products to consumers and merchants in Canada. When it sells products, it gives merchants 
credit. In addition, to help certain merchants finance business acquisitions, the Corporation grants them long-term loans 
or guarantees loans obtained by them from financial institutions. Hence, the Corporation is subject to credit risk.

To mitigate such risk, the Corporation performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and has adopted a credit 
policy  that  defines  the  credit  conditions  to  be  met  and  the  required  guarantees.  As  at  September 28, 2019  and 
September 29, 2018, no customer accounted for over 10% of total loans and receivables.

To cover its credit risk, the Corporation holds guarantees over its clients' assets in the form of deposits, movable hypothecs 
on  the  Corporation  stock  and/or  second  hypothecs  on  their  inventories,  movable  property,  intangible  assets  and 
receivables.

In recent years, the Corporation has not suffered any material losses related to credit risk.

As at September 28, 2019, the maximum potential liability under guarantees provided amounted to $24.1 ($22.1 as at 
September 29, 2018) and no liability had been recognized as at that date.

Financial assets at fair value through net earnings

With regard to its financial assets at fair value through net earnings, consisting of foreign exchange forward contracts 
and cross currency interest rate swaps, the Corporation is subject to credit risk when these contracts result in receivables 
from financial institutions.

- 81 -

Notes to consolidated financial statements
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018
(Millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

In  accordance  with  its  financial  risk  management  policy,  the  Corporation  entered  into  these  agreements  with  major 
Canadian financial institutions to reduce its credit risk.

As at September 28, 2019, the maximum exposure to credit risk for the foreign exchange forward contracts was equal 
to their carrying amount. As at September 29, 2018, the Corporation was not exposed to credit risk in respect of its 
foreign exchange forward contracts, as they resulted in amounts payable.

LIQUIDITY RISK

The Corporation is exposed to liquidity risk primarily as a result of its debt, non-controlling interest-related liabilities and 
trade accounts payable.

The Corporation regularly assesses its cash position and feels that its cash flows from operating activities are sufficient 
to fully cover its cash requirements as regards its financing activities. Its revolving credit facility and its Series E, C, F, 
G, B, D and H Notes mature only in 2024, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2027, 2035, 2044 and 2047, respectively. The Corporation 
also has an unused authorized balance of $600.0 on its revolving credit facility.

Undiscounted cash flows (capital and interest)

Accounts
payable

Loans

Notes

Finance lease
commitments

Non-
controlling
interests

Total

Maturing under 1 year

1,331.4

Maturing in 1 to 10 years

Maturing in 11 to 20 years

Maturing over 20 years

—

—

—

1,331.4

25.9

8.9

4.3

22.2

61.3

495.5

922.4

789.2

1,872.2

4,079.3

4.9

9.8

12.4

2.0

29.1

51.1

1,908.8

—

—

—

51.1

941.1

805.9

1,896.4

5,552.2

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK

Given that some of its purchases are denominated in foreign currencies and that it has, depending on market conditions, 
US borrowings on its revolving credit facility, the Corporation is exposed to foreign exchange risk.

In  accordance  with  its  financial  risk  management  policy,  the  Corporation  could  use  derivative  financial  instruments, 
consisting of foreign exchange forward contracts and cross currency interest rate swaps, to hedge against the effect of 
foreign exchange rate fluctuations on its future foreign-denominated purchases of goods and services and on its US 
borrowings. As at September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, the fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts
was insignificant.

29.  APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The consolidated financial statements of fiscal year ended September 28, 2019 (including comparative figures) were 
approved for issue by the Board of Directors on November 19, 2019. 

- 82 -

DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

Board of Directors
Maryse Bertrand(1)(3) 
Westmount, Québec 

Pierre Boivin (2)(3)
Montréal, Québec

François J. Coutu 
Montréal, Québec 

Michel Coutu 
Montréal, Québec 

Stephanie Coyles(1) 
Toronto, Ontario 

Marc DeSerres(2) 
Montréal, Québec 

Claude Dussault(2)(3) 
Québec, Québec 

Russell Goodman(1)(3) 
Mont-Tremblant, Québec 

Marc Guay(1)(2)
Oakville, Ontario 

Christian W.E. Haub(2) 
Greenwich, Connecticut 

Eric R. La Flèche 
Town of Mount-Royal, 
Québec President and 
Chief Executive Officer 

Christine Magee(3) 
Oakville, Ontario 

Marie-José Nadeau(3) 
Montréal, Québec

Réal Raymond  
Montréal, Québec 
Chair of the Board 

Line Rivard(1)(2) 
Montréal, Québec 

(1) Member of the Audit
    Committee 
(2) Member of the Human
    Resources Committee 
(3) Member of the Corporate   
    Governance and Nominating 
    Committee 

Management of METRO INC. 

Eric R. La Flèche 
President and Chief 
Executive Officer 

François Thibault 
Executive Vice President, 
Chief Financial Officer and 
Treasurer 

Marc Giroux 
Executive Vice President 
and Quebec Division Head 
and eCommerce 

Carmine Fortino 
Executive Vice President, 
Ontario Division Head and 
National Supply Chain 

Serge Boulanger 
Senior Vice President, 
National Procurement and 
Corporate Brands 

Martin Allaire 
Vice President, Real Estate 
and Engineering

Marie-Claude Bacon 
Vice President, Public Affairs 
and Communications 

Mireille Desjarlais 
Vice President, Corporate 
Controller 

Éric Legault 
Vice President, 
Technology Infrastructure 

Frédéric Legault 
Vice President, Information 
Systems 

Genevieve Bich 
Vice President, Human 
Resources 

Gino Plevano 
Vice President, Digital 
Strategy and Online 
Shopping, METRO 

Simon Rivet 
Vice President, General 
Counsel and Corporate 
Secretary 

Alain Tadros
Vice President, 
Marketing, METRO

Yves Vézina 
National Vice President, 
Logistics and 
Distribution 

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

The corporate information, annual and quarterly reports, the annual information form, and press releases are available on 
the Internet at the following address: www.metro.ca

Les renseignements sur la Société, les rapports annuels et trimestriels, la notice annuelle et les communiqués de presse sont disponibles sur Internet à 
l’adresse suivante : www.metro.ca

Head Office 
11011 Maurice-Duplessis Blvd.
Montréal, Québec H1C 1V6           
Tel: (514) 643-1000

Transfer agent and 
registrar 
AST Trust Company 
(Canada)

Auditors 
Ernst & Young LLP

Stock listing 
Toronto Stock Exchange
Ticker Symbol: MRU

Annual meeting
The Annual General Meeting of 
Shareholders will be held on 
January 28, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. 
at: 
Centre Mont-Royal 
2200 Mansfield Street
Montréal, Québec H3A 3R8

DIVIDENDS*
2020 FISCAL YEAR

Declaration Date
January 27, 2020
April 21, 2020
August 11, 2020
September 28, 2020

Record Date
February 13, 2020
May 21, 2020
September 2, 2020
October 23, 2020

Payment Date
March 10, 2020
June 12, 2020
September 23, 2020
November 10, 2020

* Subject to approval by the Board of Directors

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