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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.

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Employees 51-200
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FY2012 Annual Report · Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.
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2012 Annual Report

Table of Contents

Letter from CEO  ................................................................................................ 3 pg

Management Discussion & Analysis  .................................................................. 5 pg

Independent Auditor’s Report  ......................................................................... 25 pg

Consolidated Financial Statements  ................................................................. 26 pg

Corporate Information   ................................................................................... 83 pg

Mongolia  Growth  Group  Ltd. 

  is  a  holding  company  owning  subsidiaries 

engaged in the businesses of real estate leasing, 

and property and casualty insurance. The company’s 

real  estate  holdings  are  held  in  various  limited 

liability  companies  in  Mongolia.  The  company’s 

insurance  subsidiary  is  licensed  in  Mongolia  to 

underwrite  retail  and  commercial  lines  of  business, 

under the name Mandal General Daatgal LLC.

Operational decisions for MGG subsidiary businesses 

are  made  by  managers  at  each  business  unit. 

Investment  and  capital  allocation  decisions  are 

made by Mongolia Growth Group’s CEO, Harris 

Kupperman,  in  consultation  with  the  holding 

company’s management and board of directors.

2

Mongolia Growth Group

To The Shareholders of Mongolia Growth Group;

2012 was another successful year for your company. In the two years since present management took control 

of the company, we have;

•	 Redirected the company’s strategy towards the rapidly growing economy of Mongolia

•	 Crystallized our strategy to focus on property and insurance

•	 Grown from two employees to 98 today

•	 Raised CDN $51.5 million to pursue our investment objectives

•	 Laid the groundwork for substantial growth in future years.

As we look forward to our third year in business, we see our strategy continually evolving. 

Prices	in	Ulaanbaatar	property	have	increased	significantly	over	the	past	two	years.	These	increases	in	prices	have	

substantially lowered the long-term investment return potential of many existing structures. Much more importantly 

to	us,	we	find	that	much	of	the	existing	construction	is	of	a	poor	quality,	especially	the	assets	offered	for	sale.	We	feel	

strongly that we can build better, safer, and more aesthetically pleasing buildings if we were to dedicate resources to it. 

Jordan	and	I	are	conservative	investors,	we	intend	to	start	slowly,	rather	than	rushing	off	into	construction—however,	

we	see	it	as	almost	inevitable	that	if	we	are	going	to	grow	this	company	intelligently,	we	will	have	to	own	top	quality	

buildings. Fortunately, we have spent considerable capital purchasing older structures that are strategically situated 

in	areas	that	make	them	ideal	for	redevelopment.	We	currently	have	four	such	redevelopment	sites	in	the	heart	of	

downtown.	While	these	sites	yield	negligible	revenues	today,	we	didn’t	purchase	them	based	on	the	current	yields.	

When	we	could	still	buy	office	buildings	for	only	a	few	hundred	dollars	per	meter	over	the	cost	of	building	them,	they	

represented	great	value.	Now,	building	new	structures	offers	the	best	value.	We	intend	to	spend	the	remainder	of	2013	

building	our	internal	team,	acquiring	the	necessary	permits,	and	seeking	joint	venture	partners	so	that	we	can	begin	

constructing	our	first	structure	in	2014.	At	the	same	time,	we	continue	to	search	out	development	sites	that	we	can	

transform	in	the	future.	Given	the	very	small	footprint	of	downtown	Ulaanbaatar	(three	square	kilometers	and	very	

few	through	streets),	these	sites	are	extremely	rare	and	that	means	that	our	existing	four	sites	are	quite	unique.

From a corporate governance standpoint, we  have made a promise to provide you with absolute transparency and 

confidence	 that	 our	 numbers	 are	 accurate.	 PWC	 completed	 our	 audit	 again,	 and	 Cushman	 &	 Wakefield	 completed	

our	year-end	independent	property	valuation	report.	Using	these	two	world-class	firms	has	substantially	increased	

our	operating	costs.	We	find	this	to	be	an	unfortunate	but	necessary	expense.	I	hope	that	you	will	agree.	As	always,	

management is committed to doing everything in a manner that is as shareholder friendly as possible.

Outside of these two sizable expenses, we have done everything possible to keep our costs down. I should point out that 

neither	Jordan,	I,	nor	any	of	our	board	members	receive	cash	compensation	for	their	time.	We	are	here	because	of	our	

investment in MGG, not because of our desire for a job.

The	only	negative	that	I	can	point	out	is	that	we	have	struggled	to	achieve	positive	cash	flow.

3

 
There are various factors for this and they include; sizable expenses related to our infrastructure build-out, substantial 

expenses to upgrade our stock exchange listing to the TSX Venture exchange, sizable costs at the corporate level that 

are needed to support a public company, substantial non-recurring legal and accounting fees, marketing expense at 

Mandal to support its rapid growth, and a general focus on property assets with exposure to the growing Mongolian 

GDP	at	the	expense	of	current	cash	flow.	In	summary,	we	have	the	fixed	expenses	of	a	company	that	has	many	times	our	

current property assets. As we continue to add to our portfolio, our expenses are not expected to increase substantially 

from	current	run-rates.	This	should	eventually	translate	into	positive	cash	flow.	I	would	like	to	remind	all	shareholders	

that we run this business with the view of maximizing value creation over long periods of time. Often, this means that 

we	are	focused	on	investments	that	have	minimal	cash	flow	today,	but	will	be	highly	valuable	in	the	future.	That	said,	

we	always	want	to	be	at	least	moderately	cash	flow	positive	and	we	have	set	that	as	a	goal	for	2013.	We	also	feel	that	in	

time our shareholders will see the fruits of our labor, through materialized value creation.

In	summary,	we	have	high	expectations	for	2013	and	hope	that	you	are	impressed	with	our	accomplishments	in	2012.	

I	want	to	finish	by	thanking	everyone	who	has	helped	to	make	this	company	so	successful.

Sincerely,

Harris Kupperman

4

MONGOLIA GROWTH GROUP LTD.

Management Discussion & Analysis 
December 31, 2012

The management of Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. ( “MGG” or “the Company”) presents the Company’s management 

discussion	and	analysis	for	the	year	ended	December	31,	2012	(the	“MD&A”),	compared	with	the	year	ended	December	

31,	2011.		As	of	January	1,	2011,	the	Company	adopted	International	Financial	Reporting	Standards	(“IFRS”).	This	

MD&A	provides	an	overall	discussion,	followed	by	analyses	of	the	performance	of	the	Company’s	major	reportable	

segments.	The	reporting	and	presentation	currency	in	the	consolidated	financial	statements	and	in	this	discussion	and	

analysis is the Canadian dollar, unless otherwise noted. 

This	MD&A	is	dated	April	30,	2013	and	incorporates	all	relevant	information	and	considerations	to	that	date.

The  following  discussion  and  analysis  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  audited  consolidated  financial 

statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 together with all of the 

notes, risk factors and information contained therein, available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

Non-IFRS Financial Measures

This	MD&A	makes	reference	to	earnings	before	interest,	taxes,	depreciation	and	amortization	(“EBITDA”)	and	book	

value	 per	 share.	 MGG	 uses	 EBITDA	 as	 a	 measure	 of	 the	 performance	 of	 its	 operating	 subsidiaries	 as	 it	 excludes	

depreciation	and	interest	charges,	which	are	a	function	of	the	company’s	specific	capital	structure,	and	also	excludes	

entity	specific	tax	expense.	MGG	uses	book	value	per	share	as	a	measure	of	the	performance	of	the	Company	as	a	whole.	

Book	value	per	share	is	measured	by	dividing	shareholders’	equity	at	the	date	of	the	statement	of	financial	position	

by the number of common shares of the Company (“Common Shares”) outstanding at that date. MGG’s method of 

determining	these	amounts	may	differ	from	other	companies’	methods	and,	accordingly,	these	amounts	may	not	be	

comparable	to	measures	used	by	other	companies.	These	amounts	are	not	performance	measures	as	defined	under	

IFRS and should not be considered either in isolation of, or as a substitute for, net earnings prepared in accordance 

with  IFRS.  The  Company  refers  to  “funds  used  in  operations”,  “operating  losses”  and  “re-valuation  of  investment 

properties”	within	this	analysis.		“Funds	used	in	operations”	is	computed	by	calculating	the	cash	flow	from	operations	

before changes to non-cash working capital from operations. 

Forward Looking Statements 

This	MD&A	contains	forward-looking	statements	relating	to	future	events.		In	some	cases,	forward-looking	statements	
can	be	identified	by	words	such	as	“anticipate”,	“continue”,	“estimate”,	“expect”,	“forecast”,	“may”,	“will”,	“project”,	

“should”,  “believe”,  or  similar  expressions.    These  statements  represent  management’s  best  projections  but  undue 

reliance should not be placed upon them as they are derived from numerous assumptions.  These assumptions are 

subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, including the “Risks and Uncertainties” as discussed herein.  

Actual	performance	and	financial	results	will	differ	from	any	projections	of	future	performance	or	results	expressed	or	

implied	by	such	forward	looking	statements	and	the	difference	may	be	material.	

Accordingly,	readers	are	cautioned	that	events	or	circumstances	could	cause	results	to	differ	materially	from	those	

predicted.  From time to time, the Company’s management may make estimates and have opinions that form the basis 
for the forward-looking statements.  The Company assumes no obligation to update such statements if circumstances, 

management’s estimates or opinions change. 

5

Overall Performance 

Mongolia	Growth	Group	Ltd.	is	a	Canadian	holding	company	that	invests	in	both	the	real	estate	and	financial	services	

industries	in	Mongolia.	MGG	is	presently	engaged	in	the	business	of:	(i)	the	ownership	of	retail,	office	and	residential	

investment properties; (ii) the management of investment properties; (iii) the repair, construction and development 

of investment properties; (iv) the underwriting of property and casualty insurance risks; and (v) the sales of property 

and casualty insurance.

Property

In	 all	 its	 investment	 property	 operations,	 MGG	 strives	 to	 provide	 the	 highest	 quality	 locations	 to	 tenants,	 which	

augments	their	accommodations,	business	sales	or	office	environment.	MGG’s	strategy	is	to	acquire	the	best-located	

properties	in	Ulaanbaatar,	to	repair	and	redevelop	as	needed,	then	to	lease	the	properties	to	the	tenant	which	benefits	

most	from	their	location	and	quality.

The	Company’s	property	portfolio	has	grown	through	acquisition	and	to	a	lesser	extent,	through	additions	of	space	

via	construction.	As	new	footage	is	integrated	into	the	MGG	model,	the	Company’s	ability	to	offer	a	unique	product,	
multi-unit	retail	platforms,	or	large	format	office	space	has	led	to	relationships	with	some	of	the	largest	businesses	

operating	in	Mongolia.	The	Company	believes	that	by	working	with	such	successful	firms,	it	will	add	value	to	the	local	

firms	which	will	benefit	from	such	unique	offerings	and	will	lead	to	excess	profitability	to	the	company,	vis-à-vis	above	

market rental net yields. 

As	 the	 Mongolian	 consumer	 has	 benefited	 from	 an	 increase	 in	 gross	 and	 disposable	 income,	 the	 tenancies	 of	 the	

Company’s investment properties have been able to support increased rents. This market improvement in the rental 

business  has  supported  company  results  as  most  re-let  properties  have  seen  double-digit  increases  in  rents  and 

overtime, a commensurate increase in property value. 

The	general	property	market	continues	to	be	influenced	by	improvement	in	the	overall	Mongolian	economy.	During	

2012,	moves	by	the	Mongolian	Central	Bank	to	raise	interest	rates	and	reserve	requirements	amongst	banks	led	to	a	

slowdown in terms of overall price appreciation. This has led to increases in capitalization rates as rental rates have 

continued	to	increase.	Management	feels	that	during	the	first	half	of	2012,	property	prices	increased	substantially	in	

price.	The	third	quarter	of	2012	showed	no	noticeable	increase	in	property	prices,	while	the	fourth	quarter	showed	

a	significant	decline	in	prices	due	to	liquidity	issues	in	the	marketplace.	Subsequent	to	the	year-end,	the	Mongolian	

Central	Bank	lowered	interest	rates	which	resulted	in	increases	in	property	prices	in	early	2013,	and	as	of	today,	prices	

in land, land-like assets and downtown soviet apartments are at or above prices seen at the peak in the early summer of 

2012. Prices in other markets are still below 2012 peak prices. Management cautions shareholders that property prices 

have	historically	been,	and	continue	to	be,	very	volatile.	With	the	June	Presidential	election	looming,	as	well	as	other	

unknown events that may arise, additional volatility is highly probable. 

The  Company  believes  that  increases  in  nominal  gross  domestic  product  will  lead  to  further  increases  in  both  the 

rental	rates	and	valuations	of	properties	in	Mongolia.	MGG’s	property	division	should	benefit	from	such	increases	in	

nominal	gross	domestic	product	due	to	the	operational	leverage	inherent	in	a	property	business	with	relatively	fixed	

operating costs. It is expected that the majority of the organic growth in the revenue of the property division going 

forward should accrue to the Company’s bottom line due to such embedded operating leverage.

Insurance

The  Company’s  insurance  subsidiary  (Mandal  General  Insurance  or  “Mandal”)  began  underwriting  in  the  third 

quarter	of	2011.	The	underwriting	capacity	and	knowledge	of	the	insurance	subsidiary	was	acquired	vis-à-vis	the	initial	

overfunding  of  the  company  in  relation  to  its  risks,  and  by  the  hiring  of  individuals  that  had  previously  obtained 

6

insurance experience in both Mongolia and abroad. The sales process for the insurance company is longer term in 

nature.	Retail	sales	continue	to	substantially	lag	corporate	sales,	which	are	much	larger	in	nature	and	are	infrequent	

in occurrence. 

As	the	Mongolian	consumer	and	business	market	becomes	larger	and	more	understanding	of	the	inherent	benefits	of	

insurance, the market is expected to grow substantially. According to the Financial Regulatory Commission (“FRC”), 

over	the	past	five	years,	nationwide	underwriting	has	grown	at	over	20%	per	annum.	Due	to	the	small	nature	of	the	

insurance market, and the newness of our insurance subsidiary as an entrant in the market, the insurance subsidiary’s 

primary focus has been on business systems development, product development, brand awareness and marketing.

Similar	to	the	foundation	of	the	Company’s	property	business,	Mandal	has	hired	staff	and	incurred	expenses	that	lead	

to	a	high	level	of	operational	leverage.	Many	divisions	of	the	insurance	operation	would	not	be	required	to	expend	

further resources even given a substantial increase in premiums written. 

Mandal  entered  new  lines  of  underwriting  in  2012,  many  of  which  performed  to  management’s  expectations. 

Underperforming	was	a	financial	product	line	of	coverage,	primarily	comprised	of	one	loss	mitigation	policy	with	a	

large	National	Mongolian	firm.	The	one	line	of	business	incurred	a	loss	ratio	of	720%	for	the	2012	calendar	year,	mainly	

due	to	incurred	losses	in	Q4	2012	being	materially	more	than	management	expected.	The	original	policy	provided	for	

certain	recoveries	which	were	not	closed	by	year	end,	and	as	such	were	not	accounted	for.		Since	December	31st	2012,	

Mandal has achieved recoveries on the policy, as well as signed a new revised contract with the insured that is behaving 

more to management’s original expectations, due to claims caps and certain other loss mitigation parameters. 

According	to	statistics	produced	by	FRC,	at	the	end	of	December	2012,	Mandal	represents	15.5%,	6.8%,	3.8%	and	2.5%	

of	the	total	equity	capital,	assets,	gross	premiums	and	net	premiums	of	the	Mongolian	Insurance	Market.	This	is	an	

increase	from	14.5%,	8.3%,	0.9%	and	0.9%	respectively	at	calendar	year	end	2011.

Mandal continues to have marketing successes, particularly in mandatory driver’s liability where the total policy count 

has	now	grown	to	5,276	policies	as	of	the	end	of	December	2012.	

Mandal Insurance Cumulative Auto Policies Sold in 2012

4,999

5,138

5,276

4,615

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

3,165

2,526

2,061

1,545

105

April

May

June

July

Aug

Sept

Oct

Nov

Dec

7

Economic Outlook

Both	markets	that	the	Company	operates	in,	the	real	estate	and	insurance	industries,	have	benefited	from	the	significant	

economic growth achieved in Mongolia over the last few years.  The majority of this recent growth is attributable to 

the mining and construction boom taking place in Mongolia, mainly resulting from the opening of the Oyu Tolgoi and 

Tavan	Tolgoi	deposits	located	in	the	Gobi	desert.	The	associated	infrastructure	requirements	for	these	projects	have	

also	 served	 to	 strengthen	 the	 local	 economy.	 The	 positive	 impact	 of	 improving	 consumer	 and	 business	 confidence	

has further led to a substantive increase in the gross production of the local economy. Uncertainties due to the recent 

parliament election, the presidential election taking place this summer, as well as a dynamic legal environment for 

mining concerns and foreign investment has led to recent stress in both the local mining industry, and the local banking 

sector. These stresses have created a decrease in the rate at which the Mongolian economy has grown, but in spite 

of	the	decrease,	the	local	economy	still	appears	and	quite	strong.	Recent	metrics	relating	to	increases	in	disposable	

income and unemployment are particularly indicative of a robust and dynamic local economy. 

Given	 the	 current	 lack	 of	 sufficient	 real	 estate	 space	 for	 domestic	 and	 international	 tenants,	 and	 the	 insurance	

underwriting capacity within the insurance industry in Mongolia, there is room for much further expansion in the 

amount	of	business	to	be	done	in	both	industries,	and	likely	increases	in	the	profitability	of	these	industries.

In	2012,	the	Mongolian	government	raised	$1.5	billion	at	interest	rates	of	4.125%	for	$0.5	billion	and	5.125%	for	$1.0	

billion.	This	money	is	now	filtering	into	the	economy	as	the	government	chooses	various	programs	to	finance.	The	

Mongolian economy has been starved of capital. $1.5 billion of low cost capital being injected into what was in 2012 a 

$9.96	billion	GDP	economy,	has	gone	a	long	way	into	decreasing	the	nation’s	cost	of	capital,	as	well	as	alleviating	some	

of the stress of a decline in mining and FDI.

According	to	the	National	Statistics	Office,	residential	property	prices	in	downtown	Ulaanbaatar	have	increased	fairly	

significantly	over	the	past	couple	of	years,	depending	on	the	district	and	year	of	construction.	Management	believes	

that since the inception of the property Companies, its portfolio of assets has likely increased at a more rapid rate 

due to the attractive positioning of most assets on the primary streets of downtown. Meanwhile, the shortage of high 

quality	development	sites	has	led	to	an	even	more	rapid	increase	in	the	value	of	well-located	sites.	

Risks and Uncertainties 

The	Company,	as	part	of	its	operations,	carries	financial	instruments	consisting	of	cash	and	cash	equivalents,	investments	

and marketable securities, accounts receivable, and trade payables and accrued liabilities. It is Management’s opinion 

that	the	Company	is	not	exposed	to	significant	credit,	interest	or	currency	risks	arising	from	these	financial	instruments	

except	as	otherwise	disclosed	in	the	notes	to	the	consolidated	financial	statements.

Certain members of parliament have recently asked to re-negotiate the agreement that exists between the government 

and	Turquoise	Hill	regarding	the	current	tax	and	stability	agreement.	There	can	be	no	certainty	if	any	changes	to	the	

agreement will be reached and how it will impact the investment climate or future GDP growth of Mongolia.

During the last year the Company has purchased apartment units in a knowingly condemned building with the intent 

that  through  control  of  the  homeowner’s  association  the  Company  can  procure  a  lease  on  the  land  underlying  the 

building. The process of exerting control over a homeowner’s association in order to develop the underlying land-plot 

is an extensive legal process, is complicated, lacks precedent and is a generally risky proposition. The total investment 

at	cost	in	this	apartment	building	at	December	31,	2012	was	$4,161,845.	The	company	currently	owns	50	of	the	51	

apartments in the building, has an agreement with the last owner to exchange his unit for space in any future building 
and has applied to the city for the land use permissions. 

8

Further	 information	 related	 to	 Mongolia	 Growth	 Group	 Ltd.	 and	 the	 risks	 and	 uncertainties	 of	 MGG	 is	 filed	 on	

the  System  for  Electronic  Document  Analysis  and  Retrieval  (“SEDAR”)  and  can  be  reviewed  at  www.sedar.com.  A 

comprehensive	set	of	risk	disclosures	are	included	in	the	Company’s	most	recently	filed	annual	MD&A.

Selected Annual Financial Information

Year ended

Year ended

Year ended

December 31 
2012

December 31 
2011

December 31 
2010

$

$

$

Revenue

Revenue and other income

2,237,694

589,311

1,385

Income  

Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to 
equity	holders	of	the	Company

Net	Income	(loss)	attributable	to	equity	holders	of	the	
Company

Comprehensive	income	(loss)	attributable	to	equity	holders	
of the Company

(6,073,750)

1,349,153

(247,846)

(6,073,750)

1,349,153

(247,846)

(7,360,920)

107,716

(247,846)

Basic	earnings	per	share	(“EPS”)

Earnings (loss) from continuing operations

Net income (loss)  

Diluted EPS

Earnings (loss) from continuing operations

Net Income (loss)

Balance	Sheet

Total Assets

Financial liabilities

Total	Equity

(0.18)

(0.18)

(0.18)

(0.18)

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.05

(0.10)

(0.10)

(0.10)

(0.10)

51,306,531

55,336,889

156,847

4,002,971

2,040,129

9,677

47,303,560

53,296,760

147,170

Shares Outstanding at year end

34,143,352

34,143,352

2,964,300

Book	Value	per	share

1.39

1.56

.05

Results of Operations

As	of	December	31,	2012,	MGG’s	operations	continued	to	focus	on	the	rapid	growth	of	the	Mongolian	economy.	As	part	

of its corporate strategy of aggressive growth, the Company has continued to purchase rentable property, repair and 

expand existing properties, lease available properties and sell property and casualty insurance.

Refer	to	Note	21	of	the	interim	financial	statements	of	the	Company	for	a	table	of	segmented	information.

9

Revenues

MGG’s	consolidated	revenues	for	the	year	ended	in	December	31,	2012	increased	to	$2,237,694	from	$589,311	during	

the	 year	 ended	 December	 31,	 2011.	 The	 majority	 of	 the	 increase	 in	 revenue	 is	 attributable	 to	 having	 a	 full	 year	 of	

operations in 2012 whereas 2011 the Company was in a start-up phase of business and did not have the same pool of 

rentable investment property in the property company for the entire year, and the insurance company only started to 

write	policies	in	the	fourth	quarter	of	2011	whereas	it	had	a	full	year	in	2012.

The Company’s investment property business contributed the majority of the revenue for the year ended December 

31,	2012	with	rental	income	of	$1,572,603	compared	to	$495,242	during	the	year	ended	December	31,	2011.	As	well,	

related	to	investment	properties,	for	the	full	year,	the	Company	realized	a	gain	of	$12,768	on	the	disposal	of	investment	

properties	which	were	classified	as	held	for	sale.	There	were	no	properties	disposed	of	for	the	year	ending	2011.

The	Company’s	insurance	business	contributed	$628,424	of	net	premiums	earned	in	2012,	compared	to	$77,786	of	

net	premiums	earned	in	2011.		The	insurance	business	did	not	begin	selling	policies	until	the	fourth	quarter	of	2011.

The	Company	also	earned	$863,313	(2011	–	loss	of	$344,246)	of	net	investment	income	on	a	consolidated	basis	in	

2012.		The	Company’s	property	business	earned	$282,114	(2011	–	$32,796),	while	the	Company’s	insurance	business	

earned	$574,454	(2011	–	$247,470)	and	the	Company’s	corporate	division	earned	$6,745	(2011-	loss	of	$624,512).

Expenses

Total	expenses	for	the	year	2012	increased	to	$6,455,865	from	$3,809,334	during	2011.		The	increases	in	expenses	for	

the year is mainly attributed to operating expenses which have increased due to increases in operations and general 

expenses related to the growth of the business. 

In	2012,	the	insurance	business	incurred	the	largest	share	of	these	expenses	totaling	$2,330,648	(2011	-	$1,668,561).		

The	investment	property	business	incurred	expenses	of	$2,034,674	(2011	-	$1,066,682)	while	the	corporate	division	

incurred	expenses	of	$2,090,543	(2011	-	$1,074,091).

Salaries	 and	 wages	 were	 up	 significantly	 across	 all	 divisions	 in	 2012	 as	 the	 Company’s	 total	 number	 of	 employees	

roughly doubled from the previous years ending employee count.  In 2011, the Company was in its infancy and thus 

had very few employees throughout most of the year.  As well, with the growth in the Mongolian economy we expect 

to	 see	 a	 continual	 increase	 in	 this	 figure	 as	 wages	 across	 the	 country	 continue	 to	 climb	 and	 the	 standard	 of	 living	

improves.

Share	based	payments	decreased	from	$1,798,603	in	2011	to	$1,367,720	in	2012.		This	decrease	is	mainly	attributable	

to 500,000 consultant options which were issued and expensed fully in 2011.  

Professional	fees	totalled	$1,293,477	in	2012,	up	from	$492,953	in	2011.		This	increase	is	attributable	to	increases	in	
legal  expenses,  audit  expenses  and  various  other  professional  fees  including  property  valuation  fees.  A  substantial 

portion of this increase incurred as a result of the Company’s application to list its common shares on the TSX Venture 

Exchange (TSXV).  These listing expenses are not expected to reoccur.  

Operating Profit (Loss)

The	property	business	of	MGG	generated	an	Operating	or	EBITDA	loss	before	the	fair	value	adjustment	on	investment	

properties	of	$341,746	during	the	year	of	2012	(2011	–	loss	of	$523,511).	Included	in	these	loss	calculations	are	share	
based	payment	expenses	of	$643,857	in	2012	and	$290,800	in	2011	which	significantly	impact	the	EBITDA	number.	

Without	these	share	based	payment	expenses	the	property	business	would	show	a	gain	of	$302,111	in	2012	and	a	loss	

of	only	$232,711	in	2011.		The	decrease	in	the	EBITDA	loss	in	2012	is	the	result	of	increased	rental	revenue	offset	by	an	

10

increase in expenses associated with building a property management team, along with increased property taxes and 

insurance	expenses	associated	with	a	larger	portfolio.	The	Company	incurred	a	small	gain	of	$12,768	(2011	-	nil)	on	the	

disposal of investment properties.  In addition, this division had added expenses related to due diligence on property 

assets	that	were	not	acquired,	certain	pre-development	expenses	that	were	not	capitalized	related	to	future	property	

developments	and	employee	education	and	training	activities	that	have	no	offsetting	revenue	impact.		In	addition,	the	

property	business	reported	net	investment	income	of	$282,114	in	the	year	of	2012	(2011	–	$32,796).

MGG’s	 insurance	 business	 generated	 an	 Operating	 or	 EBITDA	 loss	 of	 $1,624,616	 during	 the	 year	 of	 2012	 (2011	 –	

loss	of	$1,579,031).	Included	in	these	loss	calculations	are	share	based	payment	expenses	of	$253,168	in	2012	and	

$1,087,493	in	2011	which	significantly	impact	the	EBITDA	number.		Without	these	share	based	payment	expenses	the	

insurance	business	would	have	a	loss	of	$1,371,448	in	2012	and	$491,538	in	2011.		In	addition	the	insurance	company	

reported	 investment	 income	of	 $574,454	 for	the	 year	of	2012	(2011	–	$247,470).	The	majority	of	this	is	due	 to	an	

increase	in	net	premiums	earned	and	continuing	investment	income	offset	by	sizable	marketing	expenses	associated	

with building the Mandal brand. 

The	Company’s	corporate	overhead	contributed	to	an	Operating	or	EBITDA	loss	of	$2,080,919	during	2012	(2011	–	

loss	of	$1,071,184).	Included	in	these	loss	calculations	are	share	based	payment	expenses	of	$470,695	in	2012	and	

$420,310	in	2011	which	significantly	impact	the	EBITDA	number.		Without	these	share	based	payment	expenses	the	

loss	at	corporate	would	be	$1,610,224	in	2012	and	$650,874	in	2011.	The	majority	of	this	loss	was	incurred	for	legal	

and audit expenses and other corporate expenses associated with the general corporate activity of the Company. In 

addition, the Company had very substantial expenses related to changing the Company’s listing from the Canadian 

National Stock Exchange to the TSX Venture Exchange Listing. These listing expenses are not expected to reoccur. 

In	total,	the	Company’s	divisions	reported	an	Operating	or	EBITDA	loss,	before	the	fair	value	adjustment	on	investment	

properties,	of	$4,047,281	during	the	2012	(	2011	–	loss	of	$3,173,726).	Included	in	these	loss	calculations	are	share	

based	payment	expenses	of	$1,367,720	in	2012	and	$1,798,603	in	2011	which	significantly	impact	the	EBITDA	number.		

Without	these	share	based	payment	expenses	the	loss	in	the	consolidated	Company	would	be	$2,679,561	in	2012	and	

$1,375,123	in	2011.		In	addition	the	Company	reported	net	investment	income	of	$863,313	(2011	–	loss	of	$344,246)	

during the year. 

Fair Value Changes in Investment Property and Financial Assets 

As	the	Company	incurred	no	impairments	to	its	December	31,	2012	investment	and	marketable	securities	portfolio	

fair	value	changes	were	only	recognized	with	respect	to	MGG’s	investment	property	portfolio.		The	Company	had	61%	

of its investment property portfolio valued by an external independent valuation professional who is deemed to be 

a	qualified	appraiser	holding	a	recognized,	relevant,	professional	qualification	and	who	has	recent	experience	in	the	

locations and categories of the investment properties valued. The remainder of the investment property portfolio was 

valued by management.

The	properties	owned	by	the	Company	are	classified	into	three	categories	in	the	Company’s	2012	consolidated	financial	

statements;	property	and	equipment,	other	assets	and	investment	properties.

Properties  that  are  used  by  the  Company  in  the  course  of  business  are  currently  accounted  for  as  property  and 

equipment.		These	properties	did	not	experience	a	fair	value	adjustment	and	are	also	subject	to	depreciation	expense.		

At	the	end	of	2012,	the	Company	had	six	properties	classified	as	property	and	equipment	with	a	net	book	value	of	

$4,130,719	 (2011	 -	 $4,223,568).	 Furthermore,	 four	 properties	 were	 presented	 as	 “other	 assets	 -	 prepaid	 deposits	

on	investment	properties”	in	the	2012	Consolidated	Financial	Statements	-	Note	7.		Prepaid	deposits	on	investment	

properties	totalled	$1,626,240	in	2012	(2011	-	nil).			These	four	properties	were	fully	paid,	however	the	Company	has	not	

yet	received	the	new	titles	for	these	properties.		While	these	properties	were	each	valued	by	a	qualified	appraiser,	these	

properties	were	presented	at	the	lower	of	cost	or	market	resulting	in	an	impairment	provision	of	$1,206,876	reflected	

in the unrealized gain (loss) on fair value adjustment on investment properties. The remainder of the properties were 

11

classified	as	investment	properties.		As	of	December	31,	2012,	investment	properties	had	an	aggregate	fair	value	of	$	

30,786,742	(2011	-	$26,166,286).		Over	the	course	of	2012,	the	Company	added	properties	at	a	cost	base	of	$8,190,935	

and	disposed	of	20	properties	for	gross	proceeds	of	$1,656,768		which	resulted	in	a	gain	of	$12,768.	

Additionally one property package included in investment properties was valued at the lower of cost or market.  This 

property consisted of the 50 apartment units described in the “Risks and Uncertainties” section.  The properties were 

purchased with the intent that through control of the homeowner’s association, the Company can procure a lease on 

the land underlying the building.  Management believes that valuing these properties at cost is the most conservative 

method of valuation as a piece of land of that size and location is extremely rare but as it is considered a redevelopment 

property, it is measured at cost until the earlier of the date of construction or the date at which the fair value becomes 

reliably measured as to be in accordance with IFRS.

Management	believes	that	certain	properties	that	are	currently	classified	as	property	and	equipment	and	other	assets	–	

prepaid investment property could be sold for substantially more than their carrying value if they were sold at year end 

market values.  Management anticipates that these assets along with the investment property portfolio will continue 

to increase in value in the future.

The	majority	of	the	Company’s	investment	and	marketable	securities	portfolio	is	held	in	non-market	quoted	assets	

which	 are	 held	 in	 callable	 short-term	 and	 mid-term	 paper	 of	 investment	 grade	 financial	 institutions	 in	 Mongolia.	

These	investments	are	held	within	the	Company’s	insurance	subsidiary	and	are	held	due	to	the	statutory	requirements	

of the subsidiary’s primary regulator, FRC.

Net Income

For	 the	 year	 ended	 December	 31,	 2012,	 the	 Company	 incurred	 a	 net	 loss	 of	 $6,073,750,	 compared	 to	 net	 income	

of	 $1,349,153	 for	 the	 year	 ended	 December	 31,	 2011.	 This	 year’s	 unfavourable	 result	 is	 primarily	 attributed	 to	 the	

unrealized	loss	on	fair	value	adjustment	on	investment	properties	of	$2,697,212	compared	to	a	$5,740,919	unrealized	

gain	in	2011.	In	addition,	the	Company	recorded	a	significant	expense	for	share	based	payments	of	$1,367,720	(2011	-	

$1,798,603).		Finally,	the	Company,	incurred	claims	and	insurance	benefits	expenses	of	$1,042,387	at	Mandal.		A	large	

portion	of	this	reserve	number	relates	to	a	contract	related	to	customer	delinquencies	which	has	experienced	unusually	

bad	results	during	the	first	months	of	its	existence.	Management	is	hopeful	that	as	this	product	matures,	losses	will	

moderate. 

Management  cautions  investors  that  property  portfolio  losses  and  stock  option  expenses  are  non-cash  accounting 

entries  caused  by  a  decrease  in  the  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  investment  portfolio  and  accruals  for  share  based 

payments.

MGG’s	property	division	has	continued	to	produce	positive	operating	cash	flow;	however	this	is	insufficient	to	cover	

corporate	expenses	and	insurance	expenses.	Management	anticipates	that	this	cash	flow	will	continue	to	increase	in	

future	quarters	as	vacant	properties	become	occupied,	rents	are	renewed	at	higher	rates,	and	expenses	remain	fairly	

constant in the property division. 

Management cautions investors that the Company is primarily focused on increasing shareholder value on a per share 

basis. This means that operationally management is more concerned with asset appreciation at the expense of short-

term	cash	flow.		Management	expects	this	to	be	the	case	for	the	foreseeable	future.	

Summary of Quarterly Results

The	following	table	provides	selected	financial	information	for	the	eight	most	recently	completed	quarters.

12

Quarterly Consolidated Financial Information 
In Dollars 

Q4 2012

Q3 2012

Q2 2012

Q1 2012

Q4 2011

Q3 2011

Q2 2011

Q1 2011

Revenue

618,435	

	577,905	

571,472

469,882

360,914

186,134

42,263

0

Net income (loss)

(4,488,408)

(446,069)

(494,782)

(644,491)

2,794,533

(820,149)

(485,585)

(139,646)

Income (loss) per common share

(0.13)

(0.01)

(0.02)

(0.02)

0.11

(0.03)

(0.02)

0.00

Total Assets

51,306,531	

	52,048,976	 56,058,108 55,783,296 55,336,889 36,439,544 36,250,423 10,353,848

Weighted	Average	Shares

34,143,352	 34,143,352

34,143,352

34,143,352 23,902,851

21,814,422

16,617,951

10,184,185

Ending Shares

34,143,352	 34,143,352

34,143,352

34,143,352

34,143,352 30,297,168 30,297,198

14,167,571

MGG’s revenue continued to grow during 2012 with consolidated revenue and net investment income increasing to 

$618,435	in	the	fourth	quarter	of	2012	compared	to	the	fourth	quarter	of	2011	consolidated	revenue	and	net	investment	

income	of	$360,914,	an	increase	of	71%.	The	increase	in	revenues	has	been	offset	by	an	increase	in	expenses	and	a	fair	

value	loss	adjustment	on	investment	properties	in	the	fourth	quarter	of	2012.		

Property

During	the	fourth	quarter	of	2012,	MGG’s	property	subsidiary	earned	rental	income	of	$397,810	compared	to	rental	

income	of	$266,845	in	the	fourth	quarter	of	2011,	an	increase	of	49%.	This	increase	is	the	result	of	the	addition	of	

properties	to	the	investment	portfolio	and	increases	in	rental	prices	offset	by	an	increase	in	commercial	properties	

being renovated, certain property revenues related to Mandal being eliminated on consolidation and the sale of certain 

residential units.

During	the	quarter,	the	property	subsidiary	was	subject	to	a	$2,697,212	unrealized	loss	on	fair	value	adjustment	on	

investment	properties	compared	to	a	$5,740,919	unrealized	gain	during	the	Q4	2011.	

MGG Property Acquisition Chart

40,000,000

30,000,000

20,000,000

10,000,000

)
$
(
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s
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t
i
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0

Feb '11 Apr  '11

Jun  '11 Aug  '11 Oct  '11 Dec  '11 Feb '12 Apr  '12 Jun  '12 Aug '12 Oct  '12 Dec '12

Residential

Retail Space

Office Space

Redevelopment

Acquisition Costs were translated from Mongolian Tögrög into Canadian dollars at the December 31, 2012 rate of 1383.57

13

 
 
Insurance

The	fourth	quarter	of	2012	represents	the	Company’s	fifth	complete	quarter	of	operations	since	policies	were	approved	

by	FRC.	During	the	fourth	quarter,	MGG’s	insurance	subsidiary	earned	net	premiums	of	$330,734,	compared	to	net	

earned	premiums	of	$77,786	in	the	fourth	quarter	of	2011,	an	increase	of	325%.		This	increase	is	attributable	to	having	

a	full	year	of	operations	in	2012	versus	only	one	quarter	in	2011.	

The insurance subsidiary has spent aggressively to develop the Mandal brand name through marketing and advertising. 

The Company expects this marketing spending to increase nominally in the future, but decline relative to premiums 

written. The management team at Mandal continues to explore ways to leverage marketing spend through creative 

partnerships.

Similar	to	the	foundation	of	the	Company’s	property	business,	Mandal	has	hired	staff	and	incurred	expenses	that	lead	

to	a	high	level	of	operational	leverage.	Many	divisions	of	the	insurance	operation	would	not	be	required	to	expend	

further resources even given a substantial increase in premiums written. As expected, the largest expense within the 

insurance	business	is	reserving.		During	2012,	claims	and	reserves	amounted	to	$1,042,387	compared	to	$51,591	in	

2011.  

Liquidity 

As	at	December	31,	2012,	MGG	had	working	capital	of	$12,554,733	(2011	-	$21,059,481)	comprised	of	cash	and	cash	

equivalents,	investments	and	marketable	securities,	other	assets,	reinsurance	assets,	deferred	acquisition	expenses,	

net  of  trade  payable  and  accrued  liabilities,  income  taxes  payable  and  insurance  contract  liabilities.  Management 

considers	the	funds	on	hand	to	be	sufficient	to	meet	its	ongoing	obligations.

Related Party Transactions 

Related	party	transactions	for	fiscal	2012	were	as	follows:

For	the	year	ending	December	31,	2012,	Mandal	General	Insurance	paid	$122,528	(2011	–	nil)	to	property	subsidiaries	

of	MGG,	as	payment	for	their	office	rental	and	a	retail	outlet.	Also	for	the	year	ended	December	31,	2012,	the	Company’s	

various	property	subsidiaries	paid	a	total	of	$25,856	to	Mandal	General	Insurance	for	insurance	coverage	on	MGG’s	

portfolio	of	investment	properties	along	with	various	auto	insurances.	90%	of	the	property	related	risks	associated	

to	these	coverages	were	ceded	to	an	A.M.	Best	A+	rated	German	re-insurer	and	9%	were	ceded	to	a	well-rated	direct	

lines  insurer  in  China.  These  related  party  transactions  are  not  expressed  in  segmented  reporting  of  either  the 

insurance business or the property business as both the revenue and expenses associated to them are eliminated upon 

consolidation.

Critical Accounting Estimates 

The	preparation	of	financial	statements	in	accordance	with	IFRS	required	management	to	make	assumptions	about	the	

future	that	affect	the	reported	amounts	of	assets	and	liabilities.		Estimates	and	judgements	are	continually	evaluated	

based  on  historical  experiences  and  other  factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events  that  are  believed  to  be 

reasonable	under	the	circumstances.		In	the	future,	actual	experience	may	differ	from	these	estimates	and	assumptions.		

The	critical	estimates	made	in	the	preparation	of	the	consolidated	financial	statements	include	the	following:

•		Fair	value	of	investment	properties	-	The	estimate	of	fair	value	of	investment	properties	is	the	most	critical	accounting	

estimate to the Company.  An external appraiser estimates the fair value of investment properties annually.  The fair 

value	of	investment	properties	is	based	on	the	nature,	location	and	condition	of	the	specific	asset.		The	fair	value	of	

14

Acquisition Costs ($)

investment properties represents an estimate of the price that would be made in an arm’s length transaction between 

knowledgeable, willing parties.  The Company operates in the emerging real estate market of Mongolia, which given 

its current economic and industry conditions, has an increased inherent risk given the lack of reliable and comparable 

market	information.		At	December	31,	2012,	the	unrealized	fair	value	adjustment	was	a	loss	of	$2,697,212	(2011	–	

gain	of	$5,740,919).

•		Valuation	of	 insurance	 contract	 liabilities	 -	 The	 estimate	 of	 the	 ultimate	 liability	 arising	from	claims	 made	 under	

insurance contracts is another critical accounting estimate.  There are several sources of uncertainty that need to be 

considered in the estimate of the liability that the Company will ultimately pay for such claims.  The ultimate cost of 

claims	liabilities	is	estimated	by	using	a	range	of	standard	actuarial	claims	projection	techniques	in	accordance	with	

Canadian	accepted	actuarial	practice.	At	December	31,	2012,	the	insurance	contract	liabilities	totaled	$2,300,604	

(2011	–	$361,820).

•		Accuracy	 of	 share	 based	 compensation	 expense	 -	 The	 estimate	 of	 the	 ultimate	 expense	 arising	 from	 share	 based	

compensation plans is another critical accounting estimate.  There are several sources of uncertainty that need to be 

considered in the estimate of the share based compensation expense recorded by the Company.  The ultimate expense 

is estimated by using a number of key assumptions such as the expected volatility of the share price, the dividends 

expected on the shares, the riskfree interest rate for the expected life of the option and future forfeiture rates.  For the 

year	ending	December	31,	2012,	the	cost	of	the	share	based	payments	totaled	$1,367,720	(2011	-	$1,798,603).	

•		Operating	environment	of	the	Company	-	Mongolia	displays	many	characteristics	of	an	emerging	market	including	

relatively	 high	 inflation	 and	 interest	 rates.	 	 The	 tax	 and	 customs	 legislation	 in	 Mongolia	 is	 subject	 to	 varying	

interpretations	and	frequent	changes.		The	future	economic	performance	of	Mongolia	is	tied	to	the	continuing	demand	

from	China	and	continuing	high	global	prices	for	commodities	as	well	as	being	dependent	upon	the	effectiveness	of	

economic,	financial	and	monetary	measures	undertaken	by	the	Government	of	Mongolia	together	 with	tax,	legal,	

regulatory and political developments.  Management is unable to predict all developments that could have an impact 

on	the	Mongolian	economy	and	consequently	what	effect,	if	any,	they	could	have	on	the	future	financial	position	of	

the Company.

Capital Risk Management 

The Company’s objective when managing capital is to ensure the Company is capitalized in a manner which provides 

a	strong	financial	position	for	its	shareholders.

The	Company’s	capital	structure	includes	equity	and	working	capital.		In	managing	its	capital	structure,	the	Company	

considers	future	investment	and	acquisition	opportunities,	potential	credit	available	and	potential	issuances	of	new	

equity.	 	 The	 Company’s	 objective	 is	 to	 maintain	 a	 flexible	 capital	 structure	 that	 will	 allow	 it	 to	 execute	 its	 stated	

business.	 	 Upon	 acquiring	 investment	 properties	 and	 operating	 businesses,	 the	 Company	 will	 strive	 to	 balance	 its	
proportion	of	debt	and	equity	within	its	capital	structure	in	accordance	with	the	needs	of	the	continuing	business.		The	

Company may, from time to time, issue shares and adjust its spending to manage current and projected proportions 

as deemed appropriate.

The method used by the Company to monitor its capital is based on an assessment of the Company’s working capital 

position	relative	to	its	projected	obligations.		At	December	31,	2012,	the	Company’s	working	capital	was	$12,554,733	

(2011	-	$21,059,481)	and	the	Company	had	no	debt.

Off-Balance Sheet Items 

As	at	December	31,	2012,	the	Company	has	no	off-balance	sheet	items.

15

Financial Risk Management

Credit risk 

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is managed through risk management policies and procedures with emphasis 

on	the	quality	of	the	investment	portfolio.		For	the	year,	most	of	the	Company’s	investments	consisted	of	institutional	

deposits.		The	majority	of	the	funds	invested	are	held	in	reputable	Barbadian,	Canadian	or	Mongolian	banks.		The	

Company is in the early stages of development and is continually improving its policies regarding monitoring its credit 

risk.

The Company is exposed to credit risk as an owner of real estate in that tenants may become unable to pay the contracted 

rents.		The	Company	mitigates	this	risk	by	carrying	out	due	diligence	on	significant	tenants	and	limiting	the	Company’s	

exposure	to	each	tenant.		The	Company’s	properties	are	diversified	across	residential	and	commercial	classes.

Amounts due from policy holders are short-term in nature and are not subject to material credit risk.

Liquidity risk 

As	at	December	31,	2012,	the	Company	does	not	believe	the	current	maturity	profile	of	the	Company	lends	itself	to	

any	material	liquidity	risk,	taking	into	account	the	level	of	cash	and	cash	equivalents,	investments	and	marketable	

securities	as	at	December	31,	2012.		The	Company	does	not	have	material	liabilities	that	can	be	called	unexpectedly	at	

the demand of a client.

Currency risk 

The	Company	owns	properties	located	in	Mongolia	and	marketable	securities	in	Mongolia	and	Barbados,	and	is	therefore	

subject	to	foreign	currency	fluctuations	that	may	impact	its	financial	position	and	results.		Changes	in	the	Mongolian	

Tögrög and U.S. to Canadian dollar foreign currency exchange rate impact the fair value of securities denominated 

in  Mongolian  Tögrög  and  in  U.S.  dollars.    The  Mongolian  operations  hold  their  investments  in  Mongolian  Tögrög 

denominated securities and the Canadian operations hold securities denominated in Canadian and U.S. dollars.  

The	approximate	impact	of	an	increase	of	10%	in	the	Mongolian	Tögrög	against	the	Canadian	dollar	would	increase	the	

Other	Comprehensive	Income	(“OCI”)	of	the	Company	by	$4,828,959	(2011	-	$3,581,255).		The	approximate	impact	

of	a	decrease	of	10%	in	the	Mongolian	Tögrög	against	the	Canadian	dollar	would	decrease	OCI	of	the	Company	by	

$4,828,959	(2011	-	$3,581,255).	

The	approximate	impact	of	an	increase	of	10%	in	the	U.S.	dollar	against	the	Canadian	dollar	would	increase	net	income	

of	the	Company	by	$87,994	(2011-	$367,962).

Internal Controls over Financial Reporting 

Changes	in	securities	laws	no	longer	require	the	Chief	Executive	Offier	and	Chief	Financial	Officer	of	junior	reporting	

issuers	to	certify	that	they	have	designed	internal	control	over	financial	reporting,	or	cause	it	to	be	designed	under	

their	supervision,	to	provide	reasonable	assurance	regarding	the	reliability	of	financial	reporting	and	the	preparation	

of	financial	statements	for	external	purposes	in	accordance	with	International	Financial	Reporting	Standards.

Instead,	an	optional	form	of	certification	has	been	made	available	to	junior	reporting	issuers	and	has	been	used	by	

the	 Company’s	 certifying	 officers	 for	 the	 December	 31,	 2011,	 annual	 filings.	 The	 new	 certification	 reflects	 what	 the	

16

Company	 considers	 to	 be	 a	 more	 appropriate	 level	 of	 CEO	 and	 CFO	 certification	 given	 the	 size	 and	 nature	 of	 the	

Company’s	operations.	This	certification	requires	the	certifying	officers	to	state	that:

[i]		they	have	reviewed	the	annual	MD&A	and	consolidated	financial	statements;

[ii]		they	have	determined	that	there	is	no	untrue	statement	of	a	material	fact,	or	any	omission	of	material	fact	required	

to be stated which would make a statement or its omission misleading in light of the circumstances under which it 

was	made	within	the	annual	MD&A	and	consolidated	financial	statements;

[iii]		based	on	their	knowledge	the	annual	filings,	together	with	the	other	financial	information	included	in	the	annual	

filings,	fairly	present	in	all	material	respects	the	financial	condition,	results	of	operations	and	cash	flows	of	the	

Company	as	of	the	date	and	for	the	periods	presented	in	the	filings.

Strategy

MGG separates its operations into three reporting segments for ease of management oversight. These segments are 

property, insurance and corporate.

At  all  three  reporting  segments,  the  Company’s  focus  has  been  on  hiring  key  employees,  implementing  reporting 

systems	and	setting	the	Company	up	for	continued	growth	in	the	future.	A	significant	challenge	that	the	Company	
has	encountered	is	finding	skilled	employees,	given	the	growth	experienced	during	the	past	two	years.		The	growth	in	

senior	employees	has	moderated	now	that	the	majority	of	key	positions	are	filled.	The	Company	plans	to	spend	more	

time and energy on training employees, rather than hiring many new employees, as the Company grows in the near 

future.

Property

MGG’s	 property	 division	 slowed	 the	 pace	 at	 which	 it	 acquired	 assets	 in	 2012.	 Management	 and	 employees	 have	

worked hard to aggressively build up the infrastructure needed to manage this division. The Company was successful 

in	filling	several	key	positions	within	its	property	division	reducing	the	need	for	Management	to	be	involved	in	the	

daily  operations  of  the  business,  allowing  them  to  spend  more  time  on  the  corporate  operations  of  the  Company.  

Management  plans  on  continuing  to  spend  time  training  and  guiding  employees  in  Mongolia,  but  expects  this  to 

decrease throughout the year.  

Due	 to	 the	 rapid	 growth	 of	 the	 Mongolian	 economy	 and	 a	 shortage	 of	 high	 quality	 rental	 locations,	 property	 rents	

continue	to	increase,	particularly	in	office	and	prime	retail	locations.	When	leases	have	been	reviewed,	many	of	them	

are  at  rates  that  are  substantially  below  market  rents.  These  leases  should  reset  over  the  short-term  and  should 

substantially increase revenues if rental rates stay current. The Company has maintained most leases on short durations. 
The Company also includes rent escalation clauses in most of its leases with tenants that are over one year in duration. 

MGG’s property investment subsidiary plans on further expanding via the investment of additional capital into income 

producing and redevelopment properties in Ulaanbaatar. The Company’s plan is contingent on procuring further funds 

for	investment	and	on	finding	suitable	investment	targets	which	meet	or	exceed	MGG’s	stringent	investment	criteria.

Since	inception,	MGG	has	acquired	a	number	of	redevelopment	properties.	To	date,	the	Company	has	only	remodeled,	

rebuilt  and  completed  additions  on  properties.  It  is  Management’s  intent  to  begin  small-scale  denovo  property 

development	on	both	company	owned	brownfield	and	greenfield	sites.	MGG’s	intent	is	to	remain	a	substantial	owner	

of the properties, post-completion.

During	the	third	quarter,	MGG	began	the	substantial	renovation	of	its	corporate	headquarters	and	two	other	office	

buildings.	This	renovation	resulted	in	certain	tenants	leaving	the	buildings	or	reconfiguring	their	office	space	usage.	

17

These	renovations	were	effectively	completed	during	the	fourth	quarter	of	2012.	The	spaces	are	substantially	improved	

and should lead to higher rental revenues for the property division upon lease out.

To date, only minimal work has been done in evaluating the potential economics of our development properties, but 

based on rough estimates, the following numbers would appear to be representations of the potential economics of 

these projects based on estimates of December 2012 market prices for construction costs, average market rents and 

sale  prices  observed  in  Ulaanbaatar.  Management  cautions  investors  that  these  numbers  will  change  dramatically 

based on future changes in building costs in Ulaanbaatar and changes in market rents and sale prices. In addition, 

Management is looking for ways to expand these land packages which will potentially impact the economics of the 

projects.

Approx.
Meters of

Develop-
ment

Type

Approx. Fished 
Size

Approx. Build 
Cost

Current Monthly 
Rent

Expected   Payback 
on Development

Asset 1

2,200

Class	A	Office

Asset 2

2,600

Class	A	Office

30,000
Meters

40,000
Meters

Asset	3

1,300

Residential

300	Units

Asset	4

8,000

Mixed Use

Asset 5

900

Mixed Use

Asset	6

1,700

3	Floor	Retail

30,000
Meters

10,000
Meters

5,000
Meters

$1,500-$1,700
Per Meter

$1,500-$1,700
Per Meter

$900-$1,200
Per Meter

$1,200-$1,500
Per Meter

$1,200-$1,500
Per Meter

$700-$900
Per Meter

$45-$65
Per Meter

$45-$65
Per Meter

2.5	To	4	Years

2.5	To	4	Years

$2,500-$3,500
Per Meter Sale Price

Pre-Sales Should Fund 
It

$20-$40
Per Meter

$45-$65
Per Meter

$15-$25
Per Meter

3	To	6	Years

2.5	To	4	Years

2.5	To	4.5	Years

MGG has labeled some properties as “held for sale.” These properties are primarily small retail or residential properties. 

MGG	 has	 chosen	 to	 sell	 these	 properties	 as	 the	 revenues	 derived	 from	 them	 are	 insufficient	 to	 offset	 the	 costs	 of	

managing them. During the year, twenty of these properties were sold and four of these properties remained as held 

for	sale	as	of	December	31,	2012.		Over	time,	the	Company	intends	to	continue	the	practice	of	disposing	of	smaller	

properties that are no longer core to the Company’s strategy. 

Insurance

The Company’s insurance subsidiary received its insurance license on June 2, 2011, and began to aggressively target 

customers in October 2011. To date, it has focused its operations on both the retail and corporate market. The focus 

at	Mandal	is	to	underwrite	conservatively	so	that	all	stakeholders	are	confident	that	insureds	will	be	compensated	on	

all legitimate claims. Through the use of reinsurance, Mandal attempts to ensure that it can cover losses due to high 

severity and rare catastrophic events.

The  Company’s  expectation  is  that  the  insurance  company  will  incur  operating  losses  for  at  least  the  next  year. 

Anticipated	losses	will	likely	be	caused	by	the	sizable	costs	of	marketing	and	growing	the	business,	against	insufficient	

earned	 premium	 revenue.	 Some	 of	 these	 losses	 will	 be	 offset	 by	 the	 insurance	 company’s	 investment	 portfolio.	 It	

is  expected  that  the  investment  portfolio  will  grow  as  the  Company  increases  sales  and  associated  reserves,  which 

generate	investible	float.	Due	to	Mongolia’s	high	interest	rate	environment,	float	is	incredibly	valuable.

The following section outlines the significant events that have taken place within the insurance company during the 

2012 year;

18

On	April	5,	2012,	Mandal	sold	a	sizable	bankers	blanket	bond	to	Khan	Bank,	the	largest	bank	in	Mongolia	based	on	

branch	 count.	 This	 transaction	 was	 100%	 reinsured	 by	 syndicates	 of	 the	 Society	 of	 Lloyd’s.	 Mandal’s	 strategy	 is	 to	

greatly expand its commercial fronting business over the coming year.

On April 18, 2012, Mandal received a special permit to write auto liability coverages and is actively marketing these 

products	to	the	consumer	segment	of	the	market.	At	the	end	of	December,	Mandal	had	sold	a	total	of	5276	mandatory	

liability	insurance	policies.	Management	expects	that	after	an	initial	drive	to	acquire	customers,	the	growth	of	this	

business	will	subside	in	2013,	followed	by	annual	increases	in	premiums	due	to	substantial	future	increases	in	the	total	

sum insured.

On	 May	 16,	 2012,	 MGG	 announced	 that	 it	 signed	 a	 binding	 term	 sheet	 agreeing	 to	 sell	 shares	 of	 Mandal	 General	

Insurance	 LLC	 to	 UMC	 Capital	 LLC,	 	 at	 a	 purchase	 price	 equivalent	 to	 MGG’s	 original	 funding	 cost	 in	 June	 2011.	

Following	the	closing	of	this	transaction,	MGG	and	UMC	Capital	will	respectively	own	approximately	84%	and	16%	of	

Mandal’s	outstanding	shares.	In	addition,	UMC	Capital	will	retain	the	right	to	purchase	an	additional	25%	of	Mandal	

at	the	higher	of	stated	book	value	or	funding	cost.	At	the	end	of	Q4	2012,	this	transaction	has	not	been	closed.

On	August	20,	2012,	Mandal	signed	an	agreement	with	Khan	Bank	to	distribute	insurance	products	through	its	network	

of over 500 branches throughout Mongolia. Management expects that the roll- out of these products will begin in 2012 

and	grow	substantially	through	2013.

On	November	6,	2012,	Mandal	was	recognized	by	the	Business	Council	of	Mongolia	as	the	“Best	Local	Company	in	
Mongolia”. 

Outlook 

The Mongolian economy continues to be one of the best performing economies globally based on data from The National 

Statistics	Office	of	Mongolia	(“NSO”)	–	December	2012	edition,	with	preliminary	estimates	of	annualized	2012	GDP	

growth	of	12.3%	at	constant	prices	compared	to	the	previous	year.	The	Mongolian	Consumer	Price	Index	increased	

14.0%	during	the	year,	based	on	data	from	the	NSO.	This	growth	is	being	funded	by	Foreign	Direct	Investment	inflows	

to a number of sizable mining projects, the re-investment of earnings from existing projects, and general increases in 

economic activity within the consumer and governmental sectors of the economy. 

MGG	has	been	a	beneficiary	of	these	trends	in	both	its	property	and	insurance	operations.	Continuing	increases	in	

market rental rates for commercial properties are expected to eventually lead to increases in property value of the 

Company’s holdings.

As  Mongolians  see  a  higher  standard  of  living,  they  will  likely  seek  protection  for  their  valuables.  Additionally, 

corporations  are  beginning  to  understand  the  necessity  of  using  insurance  to  avoid  business  volatility.  These  two 

trends have been important in seeing the Company’s insurance subsidiary grow since inception in June 2011.

It	is	anticipated	that	the	Mongolian	economy	will	remain	strong	through	2013,	which	should	bode	well	for	the	Company.

It	is	anticipated	that	the	Company	will	continue	to	seek	ways	to	raise	additional	equity	capital	to	further	the	development	

of  its  businesses.  MGG  is  also  exploring  utilizing  conservative  levels  of  debt  funding  for  its  property  investments 

however, there can be no certainty that capital can be borrowed at rates that are attractive to the company.

Reorganization Transaction

On December 1, 2010, Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. announced the signing of an agreement that Harris Kupperman 

and	 Jordan	 Calonego	 planned	 to	 purchase	 320,500	 common	 shares	 of	 the	 Corporation	 on	 a	 post-consolidated	

basis from the founding board members. The transaction was completed on February 2, 2011. The Corporation also 

19

completed the following transactions on February 2, 2011, which were approved by the shareholders at the annual and 

special	meeting	of	shareholders	on	January	17,	2011:

•		A	 private	 placement	 of	 the	 Corporation	 which	 raised	 gross	 proceeds	 of	 $4,611,253	 from	 the	 sale	 of	 12,685,452	

common shares on a post-consolidated basis;

•		The	filing	of	articles	of	amendment	renaming	the	Corporation	“Mongolia	Growth	Group	Ltd.”	and	consolidating	the	

common shares of the Corporation at a ratio of 1:2;

•		The	filing	of	an	application	for	the	de-listing	of	the	common	shares	from	the	NEX	board	of	the	TSXV	and	an	application	

for the listing of the common shares on the CNSX; and

•		The	appointment	of	Paulo	Bilezikjian,	Jordan	Calonego,	Bill	Fleckenstein,	Harris	Kupperman	and	Paul	Sweeney	as	

the new directors of the Corporation.

Liquidity 

As	at	December	31,	2012,	MGG	had	working	capital	of	$12,554,733	(2011	-	$21,059,481)	comprised	of	cash	and	cash	

equivalents,	investments	and	marketable	securities,	other	assets,	reinsurance	assets,	deferred	acquisition	expenses,	

net of trade and accrued liabilities, income taxes payable and insurance contract liabilities. Management considers the 
funds	on	hand	to	be	sufficient	to	meet	its	ongoing	obligations.

Economic Volatility and Uncertainty 

The past economic volatility and uncertainty in Canada and around the world has contributed to dramatically restricted 

access to capital and reduced capital markets activity. The Company’s management believes that the Company has 

sufficient	resources	to	carry	on	its	business	and	remain	a	going	concern.

MGG holds the majority of its assets, investments and operations in the nation of Mongolia. Mongolia is presently 

experiencing drastic changes in its fast growing economy. Economic volatility and uncertainty in Mongolia could result 

in	inflation,	hyperinflation,	economic	stagnation,	adverse	taxation,	political	extremism,	negative	policy	amendments	

and other similarly detrimental scenarios which would materially harm the Company.

Substantial	 risk	 and	 uncertainty	 exists	 due	 to	 the	 level	 of	 economic	 growth	 in	 Mongolia.	 According	 to	 the	 Bank	 of	

Mongolia,	money	supply	(M2)	increased	8.3%	in	the	last	12	months	ending	December	31,	2012.	Loans	outstanding	in	

the	banking	industry	also	increased	substantially	during	the	last	12	months,	rising	23.9%,	though	this	has	slowed	in	
recent months. Such changes in money supply and lending may be warranted due to the growth of the local economy. 

However,	historical	economic	disequilibrium	of	such	magnitude	in	other	nations	has	frequently	led	to	hyperinflation,	

unstable economic conditions, hardship and strife.

Depending	 on	the	requirements	of	 MGG’s	businesses,	additional	funds	may	be	required	to	be	raised	in	the	capital	

markets	and	there	is	no	guarantee	that	sufficient	funds	raised	will	be	available	to	complete	a	financing.

Events Subsequent to Year End

Subsequent	to	year	end,	MGG	purchased	$1,594,000	worth	of	properties.	

The	Company’s	shares	began	trading	on	the	TSX	Venture	on	January	9,	2013,	and	were	simultaneously	delisted	from	

the CNSX. 

MGG	announced	the	appointment	of	John	Shaw	to	the	board	of	directors	of	the	Company	on	January	17,	2013.

20

350,000	5-year	Options	and	125,000	3-year	Options	at	a	price	of	$4.13	were	issued	to	MGG’s	employees,	Directors	

and	Consultants	on	March	1,	2013.

MGG	announced	that	Paulo	Bilezikjian	has	resigned	from	the	board	of	directors	of	the	Company	on	March	4,	2013.

Management	granted	a	three	month	extension	on	March	15,	2013,	to	UMC	Capital	to	both	complete	and	close	the	

Share	Purchase	Agreement	transaction.		The	deadline	for	both	was	extended	to	June	15,	2013,	due	to	regulatory	delays,	

and	delays	in	UMC	Capital	funding	the	acquisition	costs.

Financial Instruments 

The	 Company’s	 financial	 instruments	 consist	 of	 cash	 and	 cash	 equivalents,	 investments	 and	 marketable	 securities,	

accounts  receivable  and  trade  and  accrued  payables.    The  Company  is  subject  to  interest  risk  as  it  earns  interest 

income	from	its	cash	deposits.		It	is	management’s	opinion	that	the	Company	is	not	exposed	to	significant	credit	risks	

arising	 from	 these	 financial	 instruments	 and	 that	 the	 fair	 value	 of	 these	 financial	 instruments	 approximates	 their	

carrying values.  Management believes that there are material currency risks associated to the majority of the Financial 

Instruments	 of	 the	 Company	 as	 they	 are	 held	 in	 Mongolian	 Tögrög.	 For	 further	 discussion	 of	 financial	 instrument	
risks, see the Insurance and Financial Risk Management note. 

Changes in Accounting Policies 

The	 consolidated	 financial	 statements	 of	 the	 Company	 were	 prepared	 in	 accordance	 with	 IFRS,	 as	 issued	 by	 the	

International	Accounting	Standards	Board	(IASB).		For	all	periods	up	to	and	including	the	period	ended	December	31,	

2010,	the	Company	prepared	its	financial	statements	in	accordance	with	Part	V	PreChangeover	Accounting	Standards,	

of  the  Canadian  Institute  of  Chartered  Accountants  Handbook,  Canadian  generally  accepted  accounting  principles 

(Canadian	GAAP).		Explanations	of	the	impact	of	the	transition	to	IFRS	as	of	December	31,	2010	and	January	1,	2010	

on	the	financial	position,	financial	performance	and	cash	flows	can	be	found	in	note	23	of	the	financial	statements.		

In	2010,	the	Company	had	no	operations.		With	the	simplistic	nature	of	the	Company	in	the	previous	year,	IFRS	did	

not	result	in	any	change	to	the	Company’s	reported	financial	position	at	January	1,	2010,	or	December	31,	2010,	results	

of	operations	and	cash	flows	for	the	year	ended	December	31,	2010,	thus	no	reconciliation	information	was	presented.		

Outstanding Share Data 

As	at	December	31,	2012,	the	Company	had	34,143,352	common	shares	issued	and	outstanding.		As	at	December	31,	

2012,	11,372,500	of	the	Company’s	common	shares,	or	approximately	33.4%	of	the	issued	and	outstanding	shares,	were	

directly	or	indirectly	controlled	by	the	Company’s	directors	and	officers.		As	of	December	31,	2012,	the	Company	had	

600,000	stock	options	outstanding	with	an	exercise	price	of	$1.64	per	share	(500,000	have	an	expiry	date	of	March	9,	

2021,	and	100,000	have	an	expiry	date	of	March	9,	2014).		The	Company	also	had	722,000	stock	options	outstanding	

with	an	exercise	price	of	$4.20	per	share,	(at	issuance,	825,000	had	an	expiry	date	of	April	25,	2016,	and	75,000	had	

an	expiration	date	of	April	25,	2014,	of	these	a	total	of	128,000	were	forfeited	during	2011	and	50,000	were	forfeited	

during	the	quarter).	In	addition,	the	Company	had	170,000	options	outstanding	with	an	expiry	date	of	September	7,	

2016,	and	an	exercise	price	of	$4.77	(175,000	options	were	issued	initially,	5,000	were	forfeited	during	the	quarter).		

Furthermore,	the	Company	had	150,000	options	with	an	expiry	date	of	December	2,	2016,	and	an	exercise	price	of	

$4.25.			Lastly,	the	Company	had	190,000	5-year	stock	options	to	purchase	shares	of	MGG	at	a	price	of	$4.00	per	share	

with	an	expiry	of	March	23,	2017.

At	period-end,	the	Company	has	358,000	options	that	are	exercisable	(2011	-	nil).

21

Outstanding as at December 31,2012
Common Shares

Options to buy common shares

34,143,325

1,782,000

Additional Information

Additional	information	relating	to	Mongolia	Growth	Group	Ltd.,	including	its	audited	financial	statements,	is	available	

on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

22

23

Mongolia Growth Group 
Ltd. 

Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 
(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

24

April 30, 2013 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Shareholders of 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. and its 

subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and 

the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity and cash flows for the 

years then ended, and the related notes, which comprise a summary of significant accounting policies and other 

explanatory information. 

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in 

accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as management 

determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material 

misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditor’s responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We 

conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require 

that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 

whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.  

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the 

consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the 

assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or 

error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and 

fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in 

the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. 

An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of 

accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2012 and 2011 and their financial performance 

and their cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

statements. 

our audit opinion. 

Opinion 

Chartered Accountants 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP   

One Lombard Place, Suite 2300, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B 0X6 

T: +1 (204) 926 2400, F: +1 (204) 944 1020 

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group 

Ltd. 

Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

April 30, 2013 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Shareholders of 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. and its 
subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and 
the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity and cash flows for the 
years then ended, and the related notes, which comprise a summary of significant accounting policies and other 
explanatory information. 

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as management 
determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditor’s responsibility 
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We 
conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require 
that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.  

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the 
consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the 
assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and 
fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in 
the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. 
An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of 
accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our audit opinion. 

Opinion 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2012 and 2011 and their financial performance 
and their cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

Chartered Accountants 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP   
One Lombard Place, Suite 2300, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B 0X6 
T: +1 (204) 926 2400, F: +1 (204) 944 1020 

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position  
As at December 31 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Consolidated Statements of Operations 

For the years ended December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Assets 

Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents (note 5) 
Investments and marketable securities (note 6) 
Other assets (note 7) 
Reinsurance assets (note 8) 
Deferred acquisition expenses (note 9) 

Non-current assets 
Investments and marketable securities (note 6) 
Investment properties (note 10) 
Property and equipment (note 11) 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Trade payables and accrued liabilities (note 12) 
Income taxes payable (note 13) 
Insurance contract liabilities (note 14) 

Non-current liabilities 
Deferred income tax liability (note 13) 

Total liabilities 

Equity 

Share capital (note 15) 
Contributed surplus 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Retained earnings (deficit) 

Total equity 

Total equity and liabilities 

Approved by the Board of Directors 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

8,702,253   
3,992,547   
2,471,498   
684,285   
93,175   

20,078,948 
2,569,778 
427,949 
7,760 
15,175 

15,943,758   

23,099,610 

-   
30,786,742   
4,576,031   

1,446,983 
26,166,286 
4,624,010 

51,306,531   

55,336,889 

996,314   
92,107   
2,300,604   

859,213 
819,096 
361,820 

3,389,025   

2,040,129 

Net premiums earned (note 14) 

Revenue 

Rental income 

Other revenue 

Expenses 

Salaries and wages 

Other expenses (note 22) 

Share based payment 

Depreciation (note 11) 

Financing charges 

Operating loss 

Net investment income (loss) (note 6)   

Provision for income taxes (note 13) 

613,946   

- 

Net income (loss) for the year 

4,002,971   

2,040,129 

Net income (loss) per share (note 15) 

Basic 

Diluted 

51,681,818   
3,214,195   
(2,528,607)   
(5,063,846)   

51,681,818 
1,846,475 
(1,241,437) 
1,009,904 

47,303,560   

53,296,760 

51,306,531   

55,336,889 

2012 

$ 

628,424   

1,572,603   

36,667   

2011 

$ 

77,786 

495,242 

16,283 

2,237,694   

589,311 

1,034,975   

3,882,280   

1,367,720   

170,890   

-   

376,460 

1,584,692 

1,798,603 

45,757 

3,822 

6,455,865   

3,809,334 

(4,218,171)   

(3,220,023) 

863,313   

(344,246) 

(21,680)   

(827,497) 

(6,073,750)   

1,349,153 

$(0.18)   

$(0.18)   

$0.06     

$0.05     

Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value adjustment on investment  

properties (note 10) 

(2,697,212)   

5,740,919 

Net income (loss) before income taxes    

(6,052,070)   

2,176,650 

_    

“Paul Sweeney”_                          _____ Director __         “William Fleckenstein”                    _ _____ Director 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position  

As at December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Assets 

Current assets 

Cash and cash equivalents (note 5) 

Investments and marketable securities (note 6) 

Other assets (note 7) 

Reinsurance assets (note 8) 

Deferred acquisition expenses (note 9) 

Non-current assets 

Investments and marketable securities (note 6) 

Investment properties (note 10) 

Property and equipment (note 11) 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Current liabilities 

Trade payables and accrued liabilities (note 12) 

Income taxes payable (note 13) 

Insurance contract liabilities (note 14) 

Non-current liabilities 

Deferred income tax liability (note 13) 

Total liabilities 

Equity 

Share capital (note 15) 

Contributed surplus 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Retained earnings (deficit) 

Total equity 

Total equity and liabilities 

Approved by the Board of Directors 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Consolidated Statements of Operations 
For the years ended December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Revenue 
Net premiums earned (note 14) 
Rental income 
Other revenue 

Expenses 
Salaries and wages 
Other expenses (note 22) 
Share based payment 
Depreciation (note 11) 
Financing charges 

Operating loss 

Net investment income (loss) (note 6)   

2012 
$ 

628,424   
1,572,603   
36,667   

2011 
$ 

77,786 
495,242 
16,283 

2,237,694   

589,311 

1,034,975   
3,882,280   
1,367,720   
170,890   
-   

376,460 
1,584,692 
1,798,603 
45,757 
3,822 

6,455,865   

3,809,334 

(4,218,171)   

(3,220,023) 

863,313   

(344,246) 

Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value adjustment on investment  

properties (note 10) 

(2,697,212)   

5,740,919 

Net income (loss) before income taxes    

(6,052,070)   

2,176,650 

613,946   

- 

Net income (loss) for the year 

Provision for income taxes (note 13) 

Net income (loss) per share (note 15) 
Basic 
Diluted 

(21,680)   

(827,497) 

(6,073,750)   

1,349,153 

$(0.18)   
$(0.18)   

$0.06     
$0.05     

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

8,702,253   

3,992,547   

2,471,498   

684,285   

93,175   

20,078,948 

2,569,778 

427,949 

7,760 

15,175 

15,943,758   

23,099,610 

-   

30,786,742   

4,576,031   

1,446,983 

26,166,286 

4,624,010 

51,306,531   

55,336,889 

996,314   

92,107   

2,300,604   

859,213 

819,096 

361,820 

3,389,025   

2,040,129 

4,002,971   

2,040,129 

51,681,818   

3,214,195   

(2,528,607)   

(5,063,846)   

51,681,818 

1,846,475 

(1,241,437) 

1,009,904 

47,303,560   

53,296,760 

51,306,531   

55,336,889 

_    

“Paul Sweeney”_                          _____ Director __         “William Fleckenstein”                    _ _____ Director 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 
For the years ended December 31 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 

For the years ended December 31  

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Net income (loss) for the year    

Other comprehensive loss - net of taxes 
Unrealized losses on translation of financial statement operations with 
Mongolian MNT functional currency to Canadian dollar reporting 
currency 

Total comprehensive income (loss) 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

(6,073,750)   

1,349,153 

(1,287,170)   

(1,241,437) 

(7,360,920)   

107,716 

Contributed 

comprehensive 

Accumulated 

other 

loss 

Share capital 

$ 

surplus 

$ 

Retained 

earnings 

(deficit) 

$ 

Total 

$ 

Balance at January 1, 2011 

438,547   

47,872   

(339,249)   

147,170 

Net income for the year 

Other comprehensive loss 

(1,241,437)   

1,349,153   

-   

1,349,153 

(1,241,437) 

Share based payment 

Share capital issued (note 15) 

Share issue costs (note 15) 

51,571,284   

(328,013)  

-   

1,798,603   

438,547   

47,872   

(1,241,437)   

1,009,904   

Balance at December 31, 2011 

51,681,818   

1,846,475   

(1,241,437)   

1,009,904   

53,296,760 

Balance at January 1, 2012 

Net loss for the year 

Other comprehensive loss 

51,681,818   

1,846,475   

(1,241,437)   

1,009,904   

(6,073,750)   

(1,287,170)   

Share based payment 

51,681,818   

(2,528,607)   

(5,063,846)   

1,846,475   

1,367,720   

Balance at December 31, 2012 

51,681,818   

3,214,195   

(2,528,607)   

(5,063,846)   

47,303,560 

254,886 

1,798,603 

51,571,284 

(328,013) 

53,296,760 

(6,073,750) 

(1,287,170) 

45,935,840 

1,367,720 

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 

For the years ended December 31 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
For the years ended December 31  

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Net income (loss) for the year    

Other comprehensive loss - net of taxes 

Unrealized losses on translation of financial statement operations with 

Mongolian MNT functional currency to Canadian dollar reporting 

currency 

Total comprehensive income (loss) 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

(6,073,750)   

1,349,153 

(1,287,170)   

(1,241,437) 

(7,360,920)   

107,716 

Share capital 
$ 

Contributed 
surplus 
$ 

Balance at January 1, 2011 

438,547   

47,872   

Net income for the year 
Other comprehensive loss 

-   
-   

-   
-   

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
loss 
$ 

- 

- 

(1,241,437)   

Retained 
earnings 
(deficit) 
$ 

Total 
$ 

(339,249)   

147,170 

1,349,153   
-   

1,349,153 
(1,241,437) 

Share based payment 
Share capital issued (note 15) 
Share issue costs (note 15) 

438,547   
-   
51,571,284   
(328,013)  

47,872   
1,798,603   

-   

(1,241,437)   

1,009,904   

- 
- 

-   
-   

254,886 
1,798,603 
51,571,284 
(328,013) 

Balance at December 31, 2011 

51,681,818   

1,846,475   

(1,241,437)   

1,009,904   

53,296,760 

Balance at January 1, 2012 
Net loss for the year 
Other comprehensive loss 

51,681,818   
-   
-   

1,846,475   
-   
-   

(1,241,437)   

- 

(1,287,170)   

1,009,904   
(6,073,750)   
-   

53,296,760 
(6,073,750) 
(1,287,170) 

Share based payment 

51,681,818   
-   

1,846,475   
1,367,720   

(2,528,607)   

- 

(5,063,846)   
-   

45,935,840 
1,367,720 

Balance at December 31, 2012 

51,681,818   

3,214,195   

(2,528,607)   

(5,063,846)   

47,303,560 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
For the years ended Decenber 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Cash provided by (used in) 

Operating activities 
Net income (loss) for the year 
Items not affecting cash 

Net realized loss on sale of financial assets (note 6) 
Depreciation of property and equipment (note 11) 
Share based payment 
Deferred taxes (note 13) 
Realized gain on disposal of investment properties (note 10) 
Realized loss on disposal of property and equipment 
Unrealized loss (gain) on fair value adjustment on investment  

properties (note 10) 

Net change in non-cash working capital balances (note 20) 

Financing activities 
Proceeds from share issuance (note 15) 
Cost of issue of shares (note 15) 

Investing activities 
Purchase of investments 
Disposition of investments 
Net acquisition of property and equipment 
Net acquisition of investment properties 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

(6,073,750)   

1,349,153 

-   
170,890   
1,367,720   
(187,727)  
(12,768)   
24,913   

592,277 
45,757 
1,798,603 
- 
- 
- 

2,697,212   

(5,740,919) 

shares from the CNSX and filed an application for the listing of common shares on the TSXV. The Company is 

(2,013,510)   
(1,802,137)   

(1,955,129) 
1,598,214 

(3,815,647)   

(356,915) 

-   
-   

-   

51,571,284 
(328,013) 

51,243,271 

(3,068,667)   
3,092,881   
(433,710)  
(6,896,289)   

(48,706,825) 
44,097,787 
(4,666,159) 
(20,425,367) 

Effect of exchange rates on cash 

(255,263)  

(1,245,045) 

The Company is organized into three business units based on the business operations: 

(7,305,785)   

(29,700,564) 

companies at the corner of Chinggis Ave. and Seoul St. in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

(11,376,695)  

19,940,747 

Cash and cash equivalents - Beginning of year 

20,078,948   

138,201 

Cash and cash equivalents - End of year 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

Income taxes paid 

122,902   

- 

third party liability, property, accident medical and travel and liability insurance; 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

30

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

1  Corporate information 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. (formerly Summus Capital Corp.) (MGG or the Company) was incorporated in 

Alberta on December 17, 2007, and is an early stage real estate and financial conglomerate, focusing its 

operations in the emerging economy of Mongolia.  

On February 2, 2011, present management of the Company purchased 320,500 common shares of the 

corporation formerly known as Summus Capital Corp. (Summus), from the founding management. The 

Company also filed articles of amendment renaming the Corporation “Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.”, cancelled 

all stock options and consolidated the common shares of the corporation at a ratio of 1:2; as well as filed an 

application for the de-listing of the common shares from the NEX board of the Toronto Stock Exchange 

Venture (TSXV) and filed an application for the listing of common shares on the Canadian National Stock 

Exchange (CNSX). On January 9, 2013, the Company filed an application for the de-listing of the common 

now listed on the TSXV, having the symbol YAK. 

MGG has two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Mongolia Barbados Corp. and Mandal General Insurance LLC. 

Mongolia Barbados Corp. owns the wholly-owned subsidiaries Mongolia Fidelity Holding Corp., its 

wholly-owned subsidiary Mandal Universal LLC and Big Sky Capital LLC. Big Sky Capital LLC owns the 

wholly-owned subsidiaries Chaos LLC, Carrollton LLC, Biggie Industries LLC, Orpheus LLC, Endymion LLC, 

Zulu LLC, Crescent City LLC and Oceanus LLC (together “the investment property operations”). The insurance 

operations are conducted in Mandal General Insurance LLC and the investment property operations are 

conducted in Big Sky Capital LLC and its subsidiaries. No active business operations occur in Mongolia 

Barbados Corp., Mongolia Fidelity Holding Corp. Mandal Universal LLC, Crescent City LLC, Chaos LLC and 

Oceanus LLC at this time. 

The Company is registered in Alberta, Canada, with its Head Office at its registered address at 1400, 

700-2nd Street W, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The Company is domiciled out of the Company’s corporate office 

and principal place of business which is located at 706 - 34 Cumberland St. N., Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7A 4L3, 

Canada. The Company also has a business office for the Mongolian investment property and insurance 

  Big Sky Capital LLC and its subsidiaries own investment properties which are located in Ulaanbaatar, 

Mongolia and are held for the purpose of generating rental revenue, capital appreciation or both; 

  Mandal General Insurance offers insurance products in Mongolia covering all common general 

insurance types. The Company’s main lines of business are motor insurance, including voluntary motor 

  The MGG Corporate office is located in Thunder Bay, Canada and administers the financial resources, 

investment portfolio and corporate reporting and legal functions of the Company. 

(1) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

For the years ended Decenber 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Cash provided by (used in) 

Operating activities 

Net income (loss) for the year 

Items not affecting cash 

Net realized loss on sale of financial assets (note 6) 

Depreciation of property and equipment (note 11) 

Share based payment 

Deferred taxes (note 13) 

Realized gain on disposal of investment properties (note 10) 

Realized loss on disposal of property and equipment 

Unrealized loss (gain) on fair value adjustment on investment  

properties (note 10) 

Net change in non-cash working capital balances (note 20) 

Financing activities 

Proceeds from share issuance (note 15) 

Cost of issue of shares (note 15) 

Investing activities 

Purchase of investments 

Disposition of investments 

Net acquisition of property and equipment 

Net acquisition of investment properties 

(6,073,750)   

1,349,153 

-   

170,890   

1,367,720   

(187,727)  

(12,768)   

24,913   

592,277 

45,757 

1,798,603 

- 

- 

- 

2,697,212   

(5,740,919) 

(2,013,510)   

(1,802,137)   

(1,955,129) 

1,598,214 

(3,815,647)   

(356,915) 

-   

-   

-   

51,571,284 

(328,013) 

51,243,271 

(3,068,667)   

3,092,881   

(433,710)  

(6,896,289)   

(48,706,825) 

44,097,787 

(4,666,159) 

(20,425,367) 

(7,305,785)   

(29,700,564) 

(255,263)  

(1,245,045) 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

1  Corporate information 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. (formerly Summus Capital Corp.) (MGG or the Company) was incorporated in 
Alberta on December 17, 2007, and is an early stage real estate and financial conglomerate, focusing its 
operations in the emerging economy of Mongolia.  

On February 2, 2011, present management of the Company purchased 320,500 common shares of the 
corporation formerly known as Summus Capital Corp. (Summus), from the founding management. The 
Company also filed articles of amendment renaming the Corporation “Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.”, cancelled 
all stock options and consolidated the common shares of the corporation at a ratio of 1:2; as well as filed an 
application for the de-listing of the common shares from the NEX board of the Toronto Stock Exchange 
Venture (TSXV) and filed an application for the listing of common shares on the Canadian National Stock 
Exchange (CNSX). On January 9, 2013, the Company filed an application for the de-listing of the common 
shares from the CNSX and filed an application for the listing of common shares on the TSXV. The Company is 
now listed on the TSXV, having the symbol YAK. 

MGG has two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Mongolia Barbados Corp. and Mandal General Insurance LLC. 
Mongolia Barbados Corp. owns the wholly-owned subsidiaries Mongolia Fidelity Holding Corp., its 
wholly-owned subsidiary Mandal Universal LLC and Big Sky Capital LLC. Big Sky Capital LLC owns the 
wholly-owned subsidiaries Chaos LLC, Carrollton LLC, Biggie Industries LLC, Orpheus LLC, Endymion LLC, 
Zulu LLC, Crescent City LLC and Oceanus LLC (together “the investment property operations”). The insurance 
operations are conducted in Mandal General Insurance LLC and the investment property operations are 
conducted in Big Sky Capital LLC and its subsidiaries. No active business operations occur in Mongolia 
Barbados Corp., Mongolia Fidelity Holding Corp. Mandal Universal LLC, Crescent City LLC, Chaos LLC and 
Oceanus LLC at this time. 

The Company is registered in Alberta, Canada, with its Head Office at its registered address at 1400, 
700-2nd Street W, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The Company is domiciled out of the Company’s corporate office 
and principal place of business which is located at 706 - 34 Cumberland St. N., Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7A 4L3, 
Canada. The Company also has a business office for the Mongolian investment property and insurance 
companies at the corner of Chinggis Ave. and Seoul St. in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. 

Effect of exchange rates on cash 

The Company is organized into three business units based on the business operations: 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

(11,376,695)  

19,940,747 

Cash and cash equivalents - Beginning of year 

20,078,948   

138,201 

Cash and cash equivalents - End of year 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

Income taxes paid 

122,902   

- 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

  Big Sky Capital LLC and its subsidiaries own investment properties which are located in Ulaanbaatar, 
Mongolia and are held for the purpose of generating rental revenue, capital appreciation or both; 

  Mandal General Insurance offers insurance products in Mongolia covering all common general 

insurance types. The Company’s main lines of business are motor insurance, including voluntary motor 
third party liability, property, accident medical and travel and liability insurance; 

  The MGG Corporate office is located in Thunder Bay, Canada and administers the financial resources, 

investment portfolio and corporate reporting and legal functions of the Company. 

(1) 

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

2  Basis of presentation 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The 
significant accounting policies used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are 
summarized in note 3. 

The consolidated financial statements’ values, including the notes to the consolidated financial statements, are 
presented in Canadian dollars ($) which is the Company’s presentation currency and the functional currency of 
the parent company. The functional currency of the Company’s operating subsidiaries is the Mongolian 
National Tögrög (MNT). 

These consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors of the Company for issue on 
April 30, 2013. 

3  Significant accounting policies 

a)  Basis of measurement 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as 
modified by the revaluation of investment properties and available-for-sale (AFS) financial assets with the 
exception of insurance contract liabilities which are measured on a discounted basis in accordance with 
accepted actuarial practice (which in the absence of an active market provides a reasonable proxy of fair 
value) as explained throughout this note. 

b)  Basis of consolidation 

These financial statements include the assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, expenses and cash flows of MGG 
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are entities controlled by MGG. Control exists when MGG 
has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its 
activities. In assessing control, potential voting rights that currently are exercisable are taken into account. 
The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting year as MGG, using 
consistent accounting policies. Intercompany balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and 
expenses arising from intercompany transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial 
statements. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

c)  Financial instruments 

Financial assets 

Financial assets are classified into one of the following categories:  AFS, fair-value through profit or loss 

(FVTPL), or loans and receivables. The classification depends on the purpose for which the asset was 

acquired. All transactions related to financial instruments are recorded on a trade date basis. The 

Company’s accounting policy for each category is as follows: 

i)  Available-for-sale financial assets 

AFS financial assets are non-derivatives that are either designated in this category or do not fit into 

any other category. AFS financial assets are initially measured at fair value on the consolidated 

statement of financial position from the trade date. Subsequent to initial recognition, AFS financial 

assets are carried at fair value with changes in fair values recorded, net of income taxes, in other 

comprehensive income (OCI) until the AFS financial asset is disposed of or has become impaired. 

When the AFS financial asset is disposed of or has become impaired, the accumulated fair value 

adjustments recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) are transferred to the 

consolidated statement of operations. 

ii)  Fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets at FVTPL are financial assets held for trading. A financial asset is classified in this 

category if it is acquired principally for selling in the short term. Derivatives are also categorized as 

held for trading unless they are designated as hedges.  FVTPL instruments are carried at fair value in 

the consolidated statement of financial position with changes in fair value recorded in the 

consolidated statement of operations. 

iii)  Loans and receivables    

These assets are non-derivative financial assets resulting from the delivery of cash or other assets by a 

lender to a borrower in return for a promise to repay on a specific date or dates, or on demand. They 

are initially recognized at cost, being the fair value of the consideration paid for the acquisition of the 

investment. After initial measurement, loans and receivables are measured at amortized cost, using 

the effective interest rate method, less any impairment losses. Amortized cost is calculated taking into 

account any discount or premium on acquisition and includes fees that are an integral part of the 

effective interest rate and transaction costs.  

32

(2) 

(3) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

2  Basis of presentation 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

c)  Financial instruments 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with International 

Financial assets 

Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The 

significant accounting policies used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are 

summarized in note 3. 

The consolidated financial statements’ values, including the notes to the consolidated financial statements, are 

presented in Canadian dollars ($) which is the Company’s presentation currency and the functional currency of 

Financial assets are classified into one of the following categories:  AFS, fair-value through profit or loss 
(FVTPL), or loans and receivables. The classification depends on the purpose for which the asset was 
acquired. All transactions related to financial instruments are recorded on a trade date basis. The 
Company’s accounting policy for each category is as follows: 

the parent company. The functional currency of the Company’s operating subsidiaries is the Mongolian 

i)  Available-for-sale financial assets 

These consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors of the Company for issue on 

National Tögrög (MNT). 

April 30, 2013. 

3  Significant accounting policies 

a)  Basis of measurement 

AFS financial assets are non-derivatives that are either designated in this category or do not fit into 
any other category. AFS financial assets are initially measured at fair value on the consolidated 
statement of financial position from the trade date. Subsequent to initial recognition, AFS financial 
assets are carried at fair value with changes in fair values recorded, net of income taxes, in other 
comprehensive income (OCI) until the AFS financial asset is disposed of or has become impaired. 
When the AFS financial asset is disposed of or has become impaired, the accumulated fair value 
adjustments recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) are transferred to the 
consolidated statement of operations. 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as 

modified by the revaluation of investment properties and available-for-sale (AFS) financial assets with the 

ii)  Fair value through profit or loss 

exception of insurance contract liabilities which are measured on a discounted basis in accordance with 

accepted actuarial practice (which in the absence of an active market provides a reasonable proxy of fair 

value) as explained throughout this note. 

b)  Basis of consolidation 

Financial assets at FVTPL are financial assets held for trading. A financial asset is classified in this 
category if it is acquired principally for selling in the short term. Derivatives are also categorized as 
held for trading unless they are designated as hedges.  FVTPL instruments are carried at fair value in 
the consolidated statement of financial position with changes in fair value recorded in the 
consolidated statement of operations. 

These financial statements include the assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, expenses and cash flows of MGG 

and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are entities controlled by MGG. Control exists when MGG 

iii)  Loans and receivables    

has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its 

activities. In assessing control, potential voting rights that currently are exercisable are taken into account. 

The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting year as MGG, using 

consistent accounting policies. Intercompany balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and 

expenses arising from intercompany transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial 

statements. 

These assets are non-derivative financial assets resulting from the delivery of cash or other assets by a 
lender to a borrower in return for a promise to repay on a specific date or dates, or on demand. They 
are initially recognized at cost, being the fair value of the consideration paid for the acquisition of the 
investment. After initial measurement, loans and receivables are measured at amortized cost, using 
the effective interest rate method, less any impairment losses. Amortized cost is calculated taking into 
account any discount or premium on acquisition and includes fees that are an integral part of the 
effective interest rate and transaction costs.  

(2) 

(3) 

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Impairment on financial assets 

All financial assets other than FVTPL instruments are assessed for impairment at each reporting date. The 
Company assesses whether there is any objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial 
assets is impaired. A financial asset or group of financial assets is deemed to be impaired, if, and only if, 
there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that has occurred after the 
initial recognition of the asset and that event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the 
financial asset or group of financial assets.  

AFS debt instruments 

An AFS debt security would be identified as impaired when there is objective evidence suggesting that 
timely collection of the contractual principal or interest is no longer reasonably assured. This may result 
from a breach of contract by the issuer, such as a default or delinquency in interest or principal payments, 
or evidence that the issuer is in significant financial difficulty. Impairment is recognized through net 
income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations. Subsequent declines in value continue to be 
recorded through net income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations. Impairment losses 
previously recorded through net income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations are to be 
reversed if the fair value subsequently increases and the increase can be objectively related to an event 
occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. 

AFS equity instruments 

Objective evidence of impairment exists if there has been a significant or prolonged decline in the fair 
value of the investment below its cost or if there is a significant adverse change in the technological, 
market, economic, political or legal environment in which the issuer operates or the issuer is experiencing 
financial difficulties. 

The accounting for an impairment that is recognized in net income or loss in the consolidated statement of 
operations is the same as described for AFS debt securities above with the exception that impairment 
losses previously recognized in net income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations cannot be 
subsequently reversed until the instrument is disposed of. Any subsequent increase in value is recorded in 
OCI. 

Financial liabilities 

Financial liabilities are classified as other financial liabilities, based on the purpose for which the liability 
was incurred, and are comprised of trade payables and accrued liabilities. These liabilities are initially 
recognized at fair value net of any transaction costs directly attributable to the issuance of the instrument 
and subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. This ensures that any 
interest expense over the period to repayment is at a constant rate on the balance of the liability carried in 
the statement of financial position.  Interest expense in this context includes initial transaction costs and 
premiums payable on redemption, as well as any interest or coupon payable while the liability is 
outstanding.  

Trade payables and accrued liabilities represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company 

prior to the end of the period which are unpaid. Trade payable amounts are unsecured and are usually paid 

within 30 days of recognition. 

Fair value of financial instruments 

Fair value represents the price at which a financial instrument could be exchanged in an orderly market, in 

an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties who are under no compulsion to 

act.  Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the consolidated statement of financial 

position are measured and classified in a hierarchy consisting of three levels for disclosure purposes. The 

three levels are based on the priority of the inputs to the respective valuation technique. The fair value 

hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 

(Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). An asset or liability’s classification 

within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of significant input to its valuation. The input 

levels are defined as follows: 

  Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from unadjusted quoted prices in an active 

market for identical assets or liabilities. 

  Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices in markets that are not 

active or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as price) or 

indirectly (derived from prices). 

  Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from unobservable inputs that are supported by 

little or no market activity and are significant to the estimated fair value of the assets or liabilities. 

The Company has implemented the following classifications: 

Level 1:  Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 

  The Company defines active markets based on the frequency of valuation and any restrictions or 

illiquidity on disposition of investments. The size of the bid/ask spread is used as an indicator of 

market activity for fixed maturity securities. Assets measured at fair value and classified as Level 1 

include cash and cash equivalents, and investments and marketable securities. Fair value is based on 

market price data for identical assets obtained from the investment custodian, investment managers or 

dealer markets. The Company does not adjust the quoted price for such instruments. 

Level 2:  Quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs that are observable either 

directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices) 

  Level 2 inputs include observable market information, including quoted prices for assets in markets 

that are considered less active. Assets measured at fair value and classified as Level 2 include 

investments and marketable securities. Fair value is based on or derived from market price data for 

same or similar instruments obtained from the investment custodian, investment managers or dealer 

markets.  

34

(4) 

(5) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Impairment on financial assets 

All financial assets other than FVTPL instruments are assessed for impairment at each reporting date. The 

Company assesses whether there is any objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial 

assets is impaired. A financial asset or group of financial assets is deemed to be impaired, if, and only if, 

there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that has occurred after the 

initial recognition of the asset and that event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the 

financial asset or group of financial assets.  

AFS debt instruments 

An AFS debt security would be identified as impaired when there is objective evidence suggesting that 

timely collection of the contractual principal or interest is no longer reasonably assured. This may result 

from a breach of contract by the issuer, such as a default or delinquency in interest or principal payments, 

or evidence that the issuer is in significant financial difficulty. Impairment is recognized through net 

income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations. Subsequent declines in value continue to be 

recorded through net income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations. Impairment losses 

previously recorded through net income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations are to be 

reversed if the fair value subsequently increases and the increase can be objectively related to an event 

occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. 

AFS equity instruments 

Objective evidence of impairment exists if there has been a significant or prolonged decline in the fair 

value of the investment below its cost or if there is a significant adverse change in the technological, 

market, economic, political or legal environment in which the issuer operates or the issuer is experiencing 

financial difficulties. 

The accounting for an impairment that is recognized in net income or loss in the consolidated statement of 

operations is the same as described for AFS debt securities above with the exception that impairment 

losses previously recognized in net income or loss in the consolidated statement of operations cannot be 

subsequently reversed until the instrument is disposed of. Any subsequent increase in value is recorded in 

OCI. 

Financial liabilities 

Financial liabilities are classified as other financial liabilities, based on the purpose for which the liability 

was incurred, and are comprised of trade payables and accrued liabilities. These liabilities are initially 

recognized at fair value net of any transaction costs directly attributable to the issuance of the instrument 

and subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. This ensures that any 

interest expense over the period to repayment is at a constant rate on the balance of the liability carried in 

the statement of financial position.  Interest expense in this context includes initial transaction costs and 

premiums payable on redemption, as well as any interest or coupon payable while the liability is 

outstanding.  

Trade payables and accrued liabilities represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company 
prior to the end of the period which are unpaid. Trade payable amounts are unsecured and are usually paid 
within 30 days of recognition. 

Fair value of financial instruments 

Fair value represents the price at which a financial instrument could be exchanged in an orderly market, in 
an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties who are under no compulsion to 
act.  Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the consolidated statement of financial 
position are measured and classified in a hierarchy consisting of three levels for disclosure purposes. The 
three levels are based on the priority of the inputs to the respective valuation technique. The fair value 
hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 
(Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). An asset or liability’s classification 
within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of significant input to its valuation. The input 
levels are defined as follows: 

  Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from unadjusted quoted prices in an active 

market for identical assets or liabilities. 

  Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices in markets that are not 
active or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as price) or 
indirectly (derived from prices). 

  Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from unobservable inputs that are supported by 
little or no market activity and are significant to the estimated fair value of the assets or liabilities. 

The Company has implemented the following classifications: 

Level 1:  Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 

  The Company defines active markets based on the frequency of valuation and any restrictions or 
illiquidity on disposition of investments. The size of the bid/ask spread is used as an indicator of 
market activity for fixed maturity securities. Assets measured at fair value and classified as Level 1 
include cash and cash equivalents, and investments and marketable securities. Fair value is based on 
market price data for identical assets obtained from the investment custodian, investment managers or 
dealer markets. The Company does not adjust the quoted price for such instruments. 

Level 2:  Quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs that are observable either 
directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices) 

  Level 2 inputs include observable market information, including quoted prices for assets in markets 

that are considered less active. Assets measured at fair value and classified as Level 2 include 
investments and marketable securities. Fair value is based on or derived from market price data for 
same or similar instruments obtained from the investment custodian, investment managers or dealer 
markets.  

(4) 

(5) 

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Level 3:  Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are 
significant to the estimated fair value of the assets or liabilities 

  Level 3 assets and liabilities would include financial instruments whose values are determined using 

internal pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that are not based 
on observable market data, as well as instruments for which the determination of estimated fair value 
requires significant management judgement or estimation.     

d)  Investment properties 

Investment properties include properties held to earn rental revenue, for capital appreciation or both. 
Investment properties are initially measured at fair value which is the purchase price plus any directly 
attributable expenditures. Investment properties are subsequently measured at fair value, which reflects 
market conditions at the date of the statement of financial position. Gains or losses arising from changes in 
the fair value of investment properties are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in the 
year they arise. A key characteristic of an investment property is that it generates cash flows largely 
independently of the other assets held by an entity. Subsequent expenditure is included in the asset’s 
carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow 
to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance costs 
are charged to the consolidated statement of operations during the financial period in which they occur. 
Substantially all of the Company’s income properties and properties under development are investment 
properties. 

The fair value of investment properties was based on the nature, location and condition of the specific 
asset. The fair value is calculated at December 31, 2012 on the majority of investment properties by an 
independent, professional, qualified appraisal firm, whose appraisers hold recognized relevant, 
professional qualifications and who have recent experience in the locations and categories of the 
investment properties valued. The remaining investment properties’ fair value was calculated by 
management and was performed by qualified individuals with recent experience in the locations and 
categories of the investment properties valued. 

Overall, the external appraisal firm performed valuations on 61% of the total carrying value of investment 
properties and management valued the remaining 39%. For investment properties valued by the appraiser 
and management, the carrying value of the investment properties that were valued at December 31, 2012 
agree to the valuation reports by the external appraisal firm and management.  

Investment property purchases where the Company has paid either the full or partial purchase proceeds to 
the sellor, but the Company has not yet received the official land or building title from the Mongolian 
Property office are recorded at cost as Prepaid deposits on investment properties and classified within 
other assets. 

Property held under an operating lease is not classified as investment properties. Instead, these leases are 

accounted for in accordance with Leases (IAS 17). However, certain land leases held under an operating 

lease are classified as investment properties when the definition of an investment property is met. At 

inception these leases are recognized at the lower of the fair value of the property and the present value of 

the minimum lease payments and an equivalent obligation is recognized as a lease liability. 

Some properties may be partially occupied by the Company, with the remainder being held for rental 

income or capital appreciation. If that part of the property occupied by the Company can be sold 

separately, the Company accounts for the portions separately. The portion that is owner-occupied is 

accounted for under IAS 16, and the portion that is held for rental income, capital appreciation or both is 

treated as investment property under IAS 40. When the portions cannot be sold separately, the whole 

property is treated as investment property only if an insignificant portion is owner-occupied. The 

Company considers the owner-occupied portion as insignificant when the property is more than 90% held 

to earn rental income or capital appreciation. In order to determine the percentage of the portions, the 

Company uses the size of the property measured in square metres. 

e)  Assets held for sale 

Assets, or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, are categorized as held for sale at the point in 

time when the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale, management has committed to a 

plan to sell and is actively locating a buyer at a sales price that is reasonable in relation to the current fair 

value of the asset, and the sale is probable and expected to be completed within a one year period. 

Investment property that is to be disposed of without redevelopment has been determined to not have a 

change in use and continues to be recorded in investment property. Investment property that has evidence 

of commencement of redevelopment with a view to sell is transferred to assets held for sale. Investment 

properties are measured by the guidelines of IAS 40 - Investment Property. All other assets held for sale 

are stated at the lower of carrying amounts and fair value less selling costs. An asset that is subsequently 

reclassified as held and in use, with the exception of investment property measured under the fair value 

model, is measured at the lower of its recoverable amount and the carrying value that would have been 

recognized had the asset never been classified as held for sale. 

The results of operations associated with disposal groups sold, or classified as held for sale, are reported 

separately as income or loss from discontinued operations 

36

(6) 

(7) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Level 3:  Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are 

significant to the estimated fair value of the assets or liabilities 

  Level 3 assets and liabilities would include financial instruments whose values are determined using 

internal pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that are not based 

on observable market data, as well as instruments for which the determination of estimated fair value 

requires significant management judgement or estimation.     

d)  Investment properties 

Investment properties include properties held to earn rental revenue, for capital appreciation or both. 

Investment properties are initially measured at fair value which is the purchase price plus any directly 

attributable expenditures. Investment properties are subsequently measured at fair value, which reflects 

market conditions at the date of the statement of financial position. Gains or losses arising from changes in 

the fair value of investment properties are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in the 

year they arise. A key characteristic of an investment property is that it generates cash flows largely 

independently of the other assets held by an entity. Subsequent expenditure is included in the asset’s 

carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow 

to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance costs 

are charged to the consolidated statement of operations during the financial period in which they occur. 

Substantially all of the Company’s income properties and properties under development are investment 

properties. 

The fair value of investment properties was based on the nature, location and condition of the specific 

asset. The fair value is calculated at December 31, 2012 on the majority of investment properties by an 

independent, professional, qualified appraisal firm, whose appraisers hold recognized relevant, 

professional qualifications and who have recent experience in the locations and categories of the 

investment properties valued. The remaining investment properties’ fair value was calculated by 

management and was performed by qualified individuals with recent experience in the locations and 

categories of the investment properties valued. 

Overall, the external appraisal firm performed valuations on 61% of the total carrying value of investment 

properties and management valued the remaining 39%. For investment properties valued by the appraiser 

and management, the carrying value of the investment properties that were valued at December 31, 2012 

agree to the valuation reports by the external appraisal firm and management.  

Investment property purchases where the Company has paid either the full or partial purchase proceeds to 

the sellor, but the Company has not yet received the official land or building title from the Mongolian 

Property office are recorded at cost as Prepaid deposits on investment properties and classified within 

other assets. 

Property held under an operating lease is not classified as investment properties. Instead, these leases are 
accounted for in accordance with Leases (IAS 17). However, certain land leases held under an operating 
lease are classified as investment properties when the definition of an investment property is met. At 
inception these leases are recognized at the lower of the fair value of the property and the present value of 
the minimum lease payments and an equivalent obligation is recognized as a lease liability. 

Some properties may be partially occupied by the Company, with the remainder being held for rental 
income or capital appreciation. If that part of the property occupied by the Company can be sold 
separately, the Company accounts for the portions separately. The portion that is owner-occupied is 
accounted for under IAS 16, and the portion that is held for rental income, capital appreciation or both is 
treated as investment property under IAS 40. When the portions cannot be sold separately, the whole 
property is treated as investment property only if an insignificant portion is owner-occupied. The 
Company considers the owner-occupied portion as insignificant when the property is more than 90% held 
to earn rental income or capital appreciation. In order to determine the percentage of the portions, the 
Company uses the size of the property measured in square metres. 

e)  Assets held for sale 

Assets, or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, are categorized as held for sale at the point in 
time when the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale, management has committed to a 
plan to sell and is actively locating a buyer at a sales price that is reasonable in relation to the current fair 
value of the asset, and the sale is probable and expected to be completed within a one year period. 
Investment property that is to be disposed of without redevelopment has been determined to not have a 
change in use and continues to be recorded in investment property. Investment property that has evidence 
of commencement of redevelopment with a view to sell is transferred to assets held for sale. Investment 
properties are measured by the guidelines of IAS 40 - Investment Property. All other assets held for sale 
are stated at the lower of carrying amounts and fair value less selling costs. An asset that is subsequently 
reclassified as held and in use, with the exception of investment property measured under the fair value 
model, is measured at the lower of its recoverable amount and the carrying value that would have been 
recognized had the asset never been classified as held for sale. 

The results of operations associated with disposal groups sold, or classified as held for sale, are reported 
separately as income or loss from discontinued operations 

(6) 

(7) 

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

f)  Revenue recognition 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

g)  Product classification 

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company 
and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration 
received or receivable. The Company’s specific revenue recognition criteria are as follows: 

i)  Rental revenue 

The Company has not transferred substantially all of the benefits and risk of ownership of its 
investment properties and, therefore, the Company accounts for leases with its tenants as operating 
leases. Rental revenue includes all amounts earned from tenants related to lease agreements 
including property tax and operating cost recoveries. 

The Company reports minimum rental revenue on a straight-line basis, whereby the total amount of 
cash to be received under a lease is recognized into earnings in equal periodic amounts over the term 
of the lease. 

Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned. 

Amounts payable by tenants to terminate their lease prior to their contractual expiry date (lease 
cancellation fees) are included in rental revenue at the time of cancellation. 

Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the 
leased asset. Tenant incentives are recognized as a reduction of rental revenue on a straight-line basis 
over the term of the lease. 

ii) 

Insurance revenues 

Revenue from insurance operations is comprised of net premiums earned.  

Premiums written are deferred as unearned premiums and recognized in the consolidated statement 
of operations over the terms of the underlying policies on a pro rata basis. Premiums written are gross 
of any commissions and amounts ceded to reinsurers. 

Premiums ceded on insurance contracts are recognized as a reduction of gross premiums when 
payable or on the date the policy is effective. 

iii)  Investment income  

Investment income is recorded as it accrues using the effective interest method. Dividend income on 
shares is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Gains and losses are determined and recorded as at the 
trade date, and are calculated on the basis of average cost. The effective interest rate method is used 
to amortize premiums or discounts on the purchase of AFS bonds. 

Insurance contracts are those contracts where the Company has accepted significant insurance risk from 

another party (the policyholders) by agreeing to indemnify the policyholders if a specified uncertain future 

event (the insured event) adversely affects the policyholders. As a general guideline, the Company 

determines if it has significant insurance risk by comparing benefits paid with benefits payable if the 

insured event did not occur. All of the Company's insurance contracts are classified as insurance contracts 

as defined by IFRS. 

Liability insurance contracts protect the Company’s customers against the risk of causing harm to third 

parties as a result of their legitimate activities. Damages covered include both contractual and 

non-contractual events. The typical protection offered is designed for employers who become legally liable 

to pay compensation to injured employees (employers’ liability) and for customers (individuals and legal 

entities) who become liable to pay compensation to a third party for bodily harm or property damage 

(public liability). 

The Company’s motor portfolio comprises both voluntary third party liability insurance (driver liability 

insurance) and motor insurance. Motor third party liability insurance covers bodily injury claims and 

property claims. Property damage under motor insurance, as well as bodily injury claims, are generally 

reported and settled within a short period of the accident occurring. 

Property insurance ensures that Company’s customers are paid compensation for the damage caused to 

their property or ensures their financial interests. 

h)  Claims and insurance benefits incurred 

Gross claims and insurance benefits incurred include all claims and insurance benefits occurring during 

the year, whether reported or not, related internal and external claims handling costs that are directly 

related to the processing and settlement of claims, reduced for the value of salvage and subrogation. 

Reinsurance claims and insurance benefits are recognized when the related gross insurance claim is 

recognized according to the terms of the relevant reinsurance contracts. 

i) 

Insurance contract liabilities 

Insurance contract liabilities include unearned premiums and unpaid claims. Unpaid claims are initially 

established by the case method as claims are reported. The estimates are regularly reviewed and updated 

as additional information on the estimated unpaid claims becomes known and any resulting adjustments 

are included in the consolidated statement of operations as incurred. Insurance contract liabilities are 

determined using accepted actuarial practices. The bases used for estimating the Company’s insurance 

contract liabilities are described below: 

38

(8) 

(9) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

f)  Revenue recognition 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

g)  Product classification 

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company 

and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration 

received or receivable. The Company’s specific revenue recognition criteria are as follows: 

i)  Rental revenue 

The Company has not transferred substantially all of the benefits and risk of ownership of its 

investment properties and, therefore, the Company accounts for leases with its tenants as operating 

leases. Rental revenue includes all amounts earned from tenants related to lease agreements 

including property tax and operating cost recoveries. 

The Company reports minimum rental revenue on a straight-line basis, whereby the total amount of 

cash to be received under a lease is recognized into earnings in equal periodic amounts over the term 

of the lease. 

Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned. 

Amounts payable by tenants to terminate their lease prior to their contractual expiry date (lease 

cancellation fees) are included in rental revenue at the time of cancellation. 

Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the 

leased asset. Tenant incentives are recognized as a reduction of rental revenue on a straight-line basis 

over the term of the lease. 

ii) 

Insurance revenues 

Revenue from insurance operations is comprised of net premiums earned.  

of any commissions and amounts ceded to reinsurers. 

Premiums ceded on insurance contracts are recognized as a reduction of gross premiums when 

payable or on the date the policy is effective. 

iii)  Investment income  

Investment income is recorded as it accrues using the effective interest method. Dividend income on 

shares is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Gains and losses are determined and recorded as at the 

trade date, and are calculated on the basis of average cost. The effective interest rate method is used 

to amortize premiums or discounts on the purchase of AFS bonds. 

Insurance contracts are those contracts where the Company has accepted significant insurance risk from 
another party (the policyholders) by agreeing to indemnify the policyholders if a specified uncertain future 
event (the insured event) adversely affects the policyholders. As a general guideline, the Company 
determines if it has significant insurance risk by comparing benefits paid with benefits payable if the 
insured event did not occur. All of the Company's insurance contracts are classified as insurance contracts 
as defined by IFRS. 

Liability insurance contracts protect the Company’s customers against the risk of causing harm to third 
parties as a result of their legitimate activities. Damages covered include both contractual and 
non-contractual events. The typical protection offered is designed for employers who become legally liable 
to pay compensation to injured employees (employers’ liability) and for customers (individuals and legal 
entities) who become liable to pay compensation to a third party for bodily harm or property damage 
(public liability). 

The Company’s motor portfolio comprises both voluntary third party liability insurance (driver liability 
insurance) and motor insurance. Motor third party liability insurance covers bodily injury claims and 
property claims. Property damage under motor insurance, as well as bodily injury claims, are generally 
reported and settled within a short period of the accident occurring. 

Property insurance ensures that Company’s customers are paid compensation for the damage caused to 
their property or ensures their financial interests. 

h)  Claims and insurance benefits incurred 

Gross claims and insurance benefits incurred include all claims and insurance benefits occurring during 
the year, whether reported or not, related internal and external claims handling costs that are directly 
related to the processing and settlement of claims, reduced for the value of salvage and subrogation. 

Premiums written are deferred as unearned premiums and recognized in the consolidated statement 

of operations over the terms of the underlying policies on a pro rata basis. Premiums written are gross 

Reinsurance claims and insurance benefits are recognized when the related gross insurance claim is 
recognized according to the terms of the relevant reinsurance contracts. 

i) 

Insurance contract liabilities 

Insurance contract liabilities include unearned premiums and unpaid claims. Unpaid claims are initially 
established by the case method as claims are reported. The estimates are regularly reviewed and updated 
as additional information on the estimated unpaid claims becomes known and any resulting adjustments 
are included in the consolidated statement of operations as incurred. Insurance contract liabilities are 
determined using accepted actuarial practices. The bases used for estimating the Company’s insurance 
contract liabilities are described below: 

(8) 

(9) 

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Unearned premiums 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Unearned premiums are calculated on a pro rata basis, from the unexpired portion of the premiums 
written and are recognized over the term of the insurance contract in Net premiums earned on the 
consolidated statement of operations. 

At the end of each reporting period, a liability adequacy test is performed, in accordance with IFRS, to 
validate the adequacy of unearned premiums and deferred acquisition expenses. A premium deficiency 
would exist if unearned premiums are deemed insufficient to cover the estimated future costs associated 
with the unexpired portion of written insurance policies. A premium deficiency would be recognized 
immediately as a reduction of deferred acquisition expenses to the extent that unearned premiums plus 
anticipated investment income is not considered adequate to cover all deferred acquisition expenses and 
related insurance claims and expenses. If the premium deficiency is greater than the unamortized deferred 
acquisition expenses, a liability is accrued for the excess deficiency. 

Unpaid claims 

A provision is also made for management’s calculation of factors affecting future development of unpaid 
claims including claims incurred but not reported (IBNR). IBNR is determined for each line of business 
under the expected loss method. Under the expected loss method, ultimate losses are based upon some 
prior measure of the anticipated losses as a percentage of earned premium. The expected loss ratios were 
based on Mongolian industry experience and the estimates used in setting the insurance subsidiary’s 
premium rates. Estimates of salvage and subrogation recoveries are included in the estimated unpaid 
claims. The unpaid claims are discounted for the time value of money utilizing a discount rate based on the 
expected return of the investment portfolio and prevailing inflation rates that approximates the cash flow 
requirements of the unpaid claims. To recognize the uncertainty inherent in determining the unpaid 
claims amounts, the Company includes a Provision for Adverse Deviations (PFADs) relating to claim 
development and future investment income. 

Reinsurance contracts held 

removing items.  

The Company cedes reinsurance in the normal course of business. Ceded reinsurance contracts do not 
relieve the Company from its obligations to policyholders. Contracts entered into by the Company with 
reinsurers under which the Company is compensated for losses on one or more contracts issued by the 
Company and that meet the classification requirements for insurance contracts are classified as 
reinsurance contracts held.  

The benefits to which the Company is entitled under its reinsurance contracts held are recognised as 
reinsurance assets. These assets consist of short-term balances due from reinsurers as well as longer term 
receivables that are dependent on the expected claims and benefits arising under the related reinsured 
insurance contracts. Amounts recoverable from or due to reinsurers are measured consistently with the 
amounts associated with the reinsured insurance contracts and in accordance with the terms of each 
reinsurance contract. Reinsurance liabilities are primarily premiums payable for reinsurance contracts. 

Reinsurance premiums ceded and reinsurance recoveries on losses incurred are recorded as reductions of 

the respective income and expense accounts. 

The Company assesses its reinsurance assets for impairment on an annual basis. If there is objective 

evidence that the reinsurance asset is impaired the Company reduces the carrying amount of the 

reinsurance asset to its recoverable amount and recognises that impairment loss in the consolidated 

statement of operations. The Company gathers the objective evidence that a reinsurance asset is impaired 

using the same process adopted for financial assets held at amortised cost. The impairment loss is 

calculated following the same method used for these financial assets. 

Deferred acquisition expenses 

Certain costs of acquiring and renewing insurance contracts, such as commissions and other acquisition 

costs, are deferred to the extent they are considered recoverable and are expensed in the accounting 

period, in which the related premiums are recognized as revenue. 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash at bank, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term bank 

deposits and highly liquid investments with an original term to maturity of three months or less at the date 

of purchase that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of 

j)  Cash and cash equivalents 

change in value. 

k)  Property and equipment 

On initial recognition, property and equipment are valued at cost, being the purchase price and directly 

attributable cost of acquisition or construction required to bring the asset to the location and condition 

necessary to be capable of operating in a manner intended by the Company, including appropriate 

borrowing costs and the estimated present value of any future unavoidable costs of dismantling and 

Property and equipment is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation, less any 

accumulated impairment losses. All repairs and maintenance costs are charged to the consolidated 

statement of operations during the period in which they occur. 

Depreciation is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations and is provided on a straight-line 

basis over the estimated useful life of the assets as follows: 

Buildings 

Furniture and fixtures 

Equipment 

Vehicles 

Straight-line over 40 years 

Straight-line over 5 to 10 years   

Straight-line over 1 to 5 years 

Straight-line over 10 years 

40

(10) 

(11) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Unearned premiums 

Unearned premiums are calculated on a pro rata basis, from the unexpired portion of the premiums 

written and are recognized over the term of the insurance contract in Net premiums earned on the 

consolidated statement of operations. 

At the end of each reporting period, a liability adequacy test is performed, in accordance with IFRS, to 

validate the adequacy of unearned premiums and deferred acquisition expenses. A premium deficiency 

would exist if unearned premiums are deemed insufficient to cover the estimated future costs associated 

with the unexpired portion of written insurance policies. A premium deficiency would be recognized 

anticipated investment income is not considered adequate to cover all deferred acquisition expenses and 

related insurance claims and expenses. If the premium deficiency is greater than the unamortized deferred 

acquisition expenses, a liability is accrued for the excess deficiency. 

Unpaid claims 

A provision is also made for management’s calculation of factors affecting future development of unpaid 

claims including claims incurred but not reported (IBNR). IBNR is determined for each line of business 

under the expected loss method. Under the expected loss method, ultimate losses are based upon some 

prior measure of the anticipated losses as a percentage of earned premium. The expected loss ratios were 

based on Mongolian industry experience and the estimates used in setting the insurance subsidiary’s 

premium rates. Estimates of salvage and subrogation recoveries are included in the estimated unpaid 

expected return of the investment portfolio and prevailing inflation rates that approximates the cash flow 

requirements of the unpaid claims. To recognize the uncertainty inherent in determining the unpaid 

claims amounts, the Company includes a Provision for Adverse Deviations (PFADs) relating to claim 

development and future investment income. 

Reinsurance contracts held 

The Company cedes reinsurance in the normal course of business. Ceded reinsurance contracts do not 

relieve the Company from its obligations to policyholders. Contracts entered into by the Company with 

reinsurers under which the Company is compensated for losses on one or more contracts issued by the 

Company and that meet the classification requirements for insurance contracts are classified as 

reinsurance contracts held.  

The benefits to which the Company is entitled under its reinsurance contracts held are recognised as 

reinsurance assets. These assets consist of short-term balances due from reinsurers as well as longer term 

receivables that are dependent on the expected claims and benefits arising under the related reinsured 

insurance contracts. Amounts recoverable from or due to reinsurers are measured consistently with the 

amounts associated with the reinsured insurance contracts and in accordance with the terms of each 

reinsurance contract. Reinsurance liabilities are primarily premiums payable for reinsurance contracts. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Reinsurance premiums ceded and reinsurance recoveries on losses incurred are recorded as reductions of 
the respective income and expense accounts. 

The Company assesses its reinsurance assets for impairment on an annual basis. If there is objective 
evidence that the reinsurance asset is impaired the Company reduces the carrying amount of the 
reinsurance asset to its recoverable amount and recognises that impairment loss in the consolidated 
statement of operations. The Company gathers the objective evidence that a reinsurance asset is impaired 
using the same process adopted for financial assets held at amortised cost. The impairment loss is 
calculated following the same method used for these financial assets. 

immediately as a reduction of deferred acquisition expenses to the extent that unearned premiums plus 

Deferred acquisition expenses 

Certain costs of acquiring and renewing insurance contracts, such as commissions and other acquisition 
costs, are deferred to the extent they are considered recoverable and are expensed in the accounting 
period, in which the related premiums are recognized as revenue. 

j)  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash at bank, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term bank 
deposits and highly liquid investments with an original term to maturity of three months or less at the date 
of purchase that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of 
change in value. 

claims. The unpaid claims are discounted for the time value of money utilizing a discount rate based on the 

k)  Property and equipment 

On initial recognition, property and equipment are valued at cost, being the purchase price and directly 
attributable cost of acquisition or construction required to bring the asset to the location and condition 
necessary to be capable of operating in a manner intended by the Company, including appropriate 
borrowing costs and the estimated present value of any future unavoidable costs of dismantling and 
removing items.  

Property and equipment is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation, less any 
accumulated impairment losses. All repairs and maintenance costs are charged to the consolidated 
statement of operations during the period in which they occur. 

Depreciation is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations and is provided on a straight-line 
basis over the estimated useful life of the assets as follows: 

Buildings 
Furniture and fixtures 
Equipment 
Vehicles 

Straight-line over 40 years 
Straight-line over 5 to 10 years   
Straight-line over 1 to 5 years 
Straight-line over 10 years 

(10) 

(11) 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

m)  Foreign exchange transactions 

Foreign currency transactions are translated at the rate of exchange in effect on the dates they occur. 

Gains and losses arising as a result of foreign currency transactions are recognized in the current year 

consolidated statement of operations. 

Translation of foreign operations 

For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of the 

Mongolian operations are expressed in Canadian dollars, which is the functional currency of the parent, 

and the presentation currency of the consolidated financial statements. 

The Company translates the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of its Mongolian operations which have 

a functional currency of MNT, to Canadian dollars on the following basis: 

  Assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate of exchange in effect at the consolidated 

statement of financial position date. 

 

Income and expense items are translated using the average rate for the month in which they occur, 

which is considered to be a reasonable approximation of actual rates.   

  Equity items are translated at their historical rates. 

  The translation adjustment from the use of different rates is included as a separate component of 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Impairment reviews are performed when there are indicators that the net recoverable amount of an asset 
may be less than the carrying value. The net recoverable amount is determined as the higher of an asset’s 
fair value less cost to sell and value in use. Impairment is recognized in the consolidated statement of 
operations, when there is objective evidence that a loss event has occurred which has impaired future cash 
flows of an asset. In the event that the value of previously impaired assets recovers, the previously 
recognized impairment loss is recovered in the consolidated statement of operations at that time. 

An item of property and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no further economic benefits 
are expected from its use. Any gain or loss arising on de-recognition of the asset (calculated as the 
difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the 
consolidated statement of operations in the period the asset is derecognized. 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year end and 
adjusted if appropriate. 

l) 

Income taxes 

Income taxes are comprised of both current and deferred taxes. Current tax and deferred tax are 
recognized in the statement of operations except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in OCI or 
directly in equity. In this case, the tax is recognized in OCI or directly in equity respectively. 

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at 
the consolidated statement of financial position date in the countries where the Company and its 
subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income and are measured at the amount expected to be 
recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities for the current and prior periods. 

equity. 

n)  Comprehensive income 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the expected future income tax consequences of 
events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or income tax returns. Deferred 
income taxes are provided for using the liability method. Under the liability method, deferred income taxes 
are recognized for all significant temporary differences between the tax and financial statement bases for 
assets and liabilities and for certain carry-forward items, such as losses and tax credits not utilized from 
prior years. However, if the deferred income tax arises from initial recognition of an asset or a liability in a 
transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting 
nor taxable income, it is not accounted for.  

Recognition of deferred tax assets for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences is 
restricted to those instances where, in the opinion of management, it is probable that future taxable profit 
will be available against which the deferred tax asset can be realized. Deferred income tax assets and 
liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates, on the date the changes in tax laws 
and rates have been enacted or substantively enacted. 

Comprehensive income consists of net income (loss) and OCI. OCI includes unrealized gains or losses on 

AFS financial assets, net of amounts reclassified to the statement of operations, and unrealized gains 

(losses) on the translation of financial statement operations with Mongolian MNT functional currency. 

o)  Share capital and deferred share issuance costs 

Ordinary shares issued by the Company are classified as equity. 

Costs directly identifiable with the raising of capital will be charged against the related share issue, net of 

any tax effect. Costs related to shares not yet issued are recorded as deferred financing costs. These costs 

will be deferred until the issuance of the shares to which the costs relate, at which time the costs will be 

charged against the related share issuance or charged to operations if the shares are not issued. 

42

(12) 

(13) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Impairment reviews are performed when there are indicators that the net recoverable amount of an asset 

m)  Foreign exchange transactions 

may be less than the carrying value. The net recoverable amount is determined as the higher of an asset’s 

fair value less cost to sell and value in use. Impairment is recognized in the consolidated statement of 

Foreign currency transactions are translated at the rate of exchange in effect on the dates they occur. 

operations, when there is objective evidence that a loss event has occurred which has impaired future cash 

flows of an asset. In the event that the value of previously impaired assets recovers, the previously 

recognized impairment loss is recovered in the consolidated statement of operations at that time. 

Gains and losses arising as a result of foreign currency transactions are recognized in the current year 
consolidated statement of operations. 

An item of property and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no further economic benefits 

Translation of foreign operations 

are expected from its use. Any gain or loss arising on de-recognition of the asset (calculated as the 

difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the 

consolidated statement of operations in the period the asset is derecognized. 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year end and 

adjusted if appropriate. 

l) 

Income taxes 

Income taxes are comprised of both current and deferred taxes. Current tax and deferred tax are 

recognized in the statement of operations except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in OCI or 

directly in equity. In this case, the tax is recognized in OCI or directly in equity respectively. 

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at 

the consolidated statement of financial position date in the countries where the Company and its 

subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income and are measured at the amount expected to be 

recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities for the current and prior periods. 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the expected future income tax consequences of 

events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or income tax returns. Deferred 

income taxes are provided for using the liability method. Under the liability method, deferred income taxes 

are recognized for all significant temporary differences between the tax and financial statement bases for 

For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of the 
Mongolian operations are expressed in Canadian dollars, which is the functional currency of the parent, 
and the presentation currency of the consolidated financial statements. 

The Company translates the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of its Mongolian operations which have 
a functional currency of MNT, to Canadian dollars on the following basis: 

  Assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate of exchange in effect at the consolidated 

 

statement of financial position date. 
Income and expense items are translated using the average rate for the month in which they occur, 
which is considered to be a reasonable approximation of actual rates.   

  Equity items are translated at their historical rates. 
  The translation adjustment from the use of different rates is included as a separate component of 

equity. 

n)  Comprehensive income 

Comprehensive income consists of net income (loss) and OCI. OCI includes unrealized gains or losses on 
AFS financial assets, net of amounts reclassified to the statement of operations, and unrealized gains 
(losses) on the translation of financial statement operations with Mongolian MNT functional currency. 

assets and liabilities and for certain carry-forward items, such as losses and tax credits not utilized from 

o)  Share capital and deferred share issuance costs 

prior years. However, if the deferred income tax arises from initial recognition of an asset or a liability in a 

transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting 

Ordinary shares issued by the Company are classified as equity. 

nor taxable income, it is not accounted for.  

Recognition of deferred tax assets for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences is 

restricted to those instances where, in the opinion of management, it is probable that future taxable profit 

will be available against which the deferred tax asset can be realized. Deferred income tax assets and 

liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates, on the date the changes in tax laws 

and rates have been enacted or substantively enacted. 

Costs directly identifiable with the raising of capital will be charged against the related share issue, net of 
any tax effect. Costs related to shares not yet issued are recorded as deferred financing costs. These costs 
will be deferred until the issuance of the shares to which the costs relate, at which time the costs will be 
charged against the related share issuance or charged to operations if the shares are not issued. 

(12) 

(13) 

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

p)  Share based payment 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

r)  Segment reporting 

The Company offers share based payment plans for directors, executive management, key employees and 
other key service providers. The purpose of the share based payment plan is to enhance the ability of the 
Company to attract and retain Directors, executive management, key employees and other key service 
providers whose training, experience and ability will contribute to the effectiveness of the Company and to 
directly align their interests with the interests of shareholders. 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief 

operating decision maker. The chief operating decision maker, who is responsible for allocating resources 

and assessing performance of operations, has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer. The Company 

is managed as three operating segments based on how information is produced internally for the purpose 

of making operating decisions. The segments are defined as investment property operations, insurance 

The Company’s share based payment plans provide for the granting of stock options to independent 
Directors, executive management, key employees and other key service providers. Each stock option 
entitles the participant to receive one common share and can only be settled with the issuance of common 
shares, and as a result, is deemed to be an equity-settled share based payment transaction. Share based 
payment expense is measured based on the fair market value of the Company’s shares at the grant date. 
The associated compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period or service period, whichever is 
shorter based on the number of rewards that are expected to vest. Fair value of the goods and services 
received has been determined based on management’s estimate of current market rates for those services 
that could be exchanged by independent willing third parties. 

Share based payment arrangements to other key service providers in which the Company receives 
properties, goods or services as consideration for its own equity instruments are measured at the fair value 
of the properties, goods or services received. Fair value of the goods and services received has been 
determined based on management’s estimate of current market rates for those services that could be 
exchanged by independent willing third parties. If the identifiable consideration received by the Company 
appears to be less than the fair value of the stock options granted, the Company will perform an 
assessment to determine if unidentifiable goods or services has been, or will be, received by the Company. 
The unidentifiable goods or services are then measured at the grant date. 

The fair value of stock options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. 

Agent options granted as compensation for the issuance of shares are charged to share issue costs.  

recognized in the consolidated statement of operations net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the time 

Any consideration received upon the exercise of stock options is credited to common shares. In the event 
that vested stock options expire without being exercised, previously recorded compensation costs 
associated with such options are not reversed. 

q)  Earnings (loss) per share 

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (EPS) data for its common shares. Basic 
EPS is calculated by dividing the results of operations attributable to ordinary shareholders of the 
Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS 
is determined by adjusting the results of operations attributable to common shareholders and the weighted 
average number of common shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares, 
which comprise share options. 

44

(14) 

(15) 

operations and corporate. 

s)  Leases 

The Company has entered into Mongolian government land leases on some of its investment properties. 

The Company, as a lessee, has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the 

arrangements, that these land leases meet the definition of an investment property and has classified them 

as such. At inception, these leases are recognized at the lower of the fair value of the property and the 

present value of the minimum lease payments and an equivalent lease obligation is recognized. 

The Company has entered into commercial and residential property leases on its investment properties. 

The Company as a lessor, has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the 

arrangements, that it retains the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties and 

therefore accounts for these agreements as operating leases. 

t)  Provisions and contingent liabilities  

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a 

past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to 

settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the 

Company expects some or all of the provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognized as a 

separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense of any provision is 

value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, where 

appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due 

to the passage of time is recognized as a borrowing cost. 

Contingent liabilities are disclosed if there is a possible future obligation as a result of a past event, or if 

there is a present obligation as a result of a past event but either a payment is not probable or the amount 

cannot be reasonably estimated. 

u)  Accounting standards and amendments issued but not yet adopted 

The following is an overview of accounting standard changes that the Company will be required to adopt in 

future years. Except as noted for IFRS 7, IFRS 9 and IAS 1, the standards are applicable for periods 

beginning on or after January 1, 2013 with earlier adoption permitted. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

p)  Share based payment 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

r)  Segment reporting 

The Company offers share based payment plans for directors, executive management, key employees and 

other key service providers. The purpose of the share based payment plan is to enhance the ability of the 

Company to attract and retain Directors, executive management, key employees and other key service 

providers whose training, experience and ability will contribute to the effectiveness of the Company and to 

directly align their interests with the interests of shareholders. 

The Company’s share based payment plans provide for the granting of stock options to independent 

Directors, executive management, key employees and other key service providers. Each stock option 

entitles the participant to receive one common share and can only be settled with the issuance of common 

shares, and as a result, is deemed to be an equity-settled share based payment transaction. Share based 

payment expense is measured based on the fair market value of the Company’s shares at the grant date. 

The associated compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period or service period, whichever is 

shorter based on the number of rewards that are expected to vest. Fair value of the goods and services 

received has been determined based on management’s estimate of current market rates for those services 

that could be exchanged by independent willing third parties. 

Share based payment arrangements to other key service providers in which the Company receives 

properties, goods or services as consideration for its own equity instruments are measured at the fair value 

of the properties, goods or services received. Fair value of the goods and services received has been 

determined based on management’s estimate of current market rates for those services that could be 

appears to be less than the fair value of the stock options granted, the Company will perform an 

assessment to determine if unidentifiable goods or services has been, or will be, received by the Company. 

The unidentifiable goods or services are then measured at the grant date. 

The fair value of stock options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. 

Agent options granted as compensation for the issuance of shares are charged to share issue costs.  

Any consideration received upon the exercise of stock options is credited to common shares. In the event 

that vested stock options expire without being exercised, previously recorded compensation costs 

associated with such options are not reversed. 

q)  Earnings (loss) per share 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief 
operating decision maker. The chief operating decision maker, who is responsible for allocating resources 
and assessing performance of operations, has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer. The Company 
is managed as three operating segments based on how information is produced internally for the purpose 
of making operating decisions. The segments are defined as investment property operations, insurance 
operations and corporate. 

s)  Leases 

The Company has entered into Mongolian government land leases on some of its investment properties. 
The Company, as a lessee, has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the 
arrangements, that these land leases meet the definition of an investment property and has classified them 
as such. At inception, these leases are recognized at the lower of the fair value of the property and the 
present value of the minimum lease payments and an equivalent lease obligation is recognized. 

The Company has entered into commercial and residential property leases on its investment properties. 
The Company as a lessor, has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the 
arrangements, that it retains the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties and 
therefore accounts for these agreements as operating leases. 

exchanged by independent willing third parties. If the identifiable consideration received by the Company 

t)  Provisions and contingent liabilities  

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a 
past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to 
settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the 
Company expects some or all of the provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognized as a 
separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense of any provision is 
recognized in the consolidated statement of operations net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the time 
value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, where 
appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due 
to the passage of time is recognized as a borrowing cost. 

Contingent liabilities are disclosed if there is a possible future obligation as a result of a past event, or if 
there is a present obligation as a result of a past event but either a payment is not probable or the amount 
cannot be reasonably estimated. 

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (EPS) data for its common shares. Basic 

EPS is calculated by dividing the results of operations attributable to ordinary shareholders of the 

u)  Accounting standards and amendments issued but not yet adopted 

Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS 

is determined by adjusting the results of operations attributable to common shareholders and the weighted 

average number of common shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares, 

which comprise share options. 

The following is an overview of accounting standard changes that the Company will be required to adopt in 
future years. Except as noted for IFRS 7, IFRS 9 and IAS 1, the standards are applicable for periods 
beginning on or after January 1, 2013 with earlier adoption permitted. 

(14) 

(15) 

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

IFRS 7 - “Financial Instruments: Disclosures” 

IFRS 11 - “Joint Arrangements”  

IFRS 7 was amended by the IASB in October 2010, and requires entities to provide the disclosures for all 
transferred financial assets that are not recognized and for a continuing involvement in a transferred 
financial asset, existing at the reporting date, irrespective of when the related transfers transaction 
occurred. The amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2012. IFRS 7 was 
further amended by the IASB in December 2011. The amendment requires entities to provide disclosures 
related to offsetting financial assets and liabilities. The amendment is effective for annual periods 
beginning on or after January 1, 2014. 

IFRS 9 - “Financial Instruments” 

IFRS 9 was issued in November 2009 and contained requirements for financial assets. This standard 
addresses classification and measurement of financial assets and replaces the multiple category and 
measurement models in IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” for debt 
instruments with a new model only having two categories: amortized cost and fair value. IFRS 9 also 
replaces the models for measuring equity instruments and such instruments are either recognized at 
FVTPL or at fair value through OCI. Where such equity instruments are measured at fair value through 
OCI that do not clearly represent a return of investment, the dividends are recognized in net income (loss) 
under net investment income; however, other gains and losses associated with such instruments remain in 
AOCI indefinitely.  

Requirements for financial liabilities were added in October 2010 which largely carried forward existing 
requirements in IAS 39, except that fair value changes due to credit risk for liabilities designated at FVTPL 
would generally be recorded in OCI. 

The IASB recently issued an amendment to this standard that delays the effective date from accounting 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2015. The amendment also modifies the relief 
from restating prior periods. As part of this relief, the IASB published an amendment to IFRS 7 to require 
additional disclosure on transition from IAS 39 to IFRS 9. The Company continues to monitor 
developments in this area. 

IFRS 10 - “Consolidated Financial Statements” 

IFRS 10 establishes principles for the presentation and preparation of consolidated financial statements 
when an entity controls one or more other entities. The IFRS defines the principle of control and 
establishes control as the basis for determining which entities are consolidated in the consolidated 
financial statements. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new standard on the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 11 provides a new definition of joint arrangement focusing on the rights and obligations of the 

arrangement, rather than its legal form. The IFRS classifies joint arrangements into two types, joint 

operations and joint ventures. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new standard 

on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 12 - “Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities” 

IFRS 12 requires the disclosure of information that enables users of financial statements to evaluate the 

nature of, and risks associated with, its interest in other entities and the effects of those interests on its 

financial position, financial performance and cash flows. 

Early adoption of IFRS 12 is only permitted if IFRS 10, IFRS 11, IFRS 12 and the consequential 

amendments to IAS 17 and IAS 18 are adopted at the same time, with the exception of early adopting only 

the disclosure provision for IFRS 12 without the other new standards. The Company is in the process of 

evaluating the impact of the new standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 13 - “Fair Value Measurement” 

IFRS 13 provides a definition of fair value, a single framework for measuring fair value and disclosure 

requirements about fair value measurements. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of 

the new standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

IAS 1 - “Presentation of Financial Statements” 

IAS 1 was amended in 2011 to require earnings (loss) and OCI to be presented together either as a single 

statement of comprehensive income or separate income statement and statement of comprehensive 

income. The amendments also requires presentation of OCI based on whether or not the balance may 

subsequently be reclassified to net income, with the tax associated with each type of OCI based on whether 

or not the balance may subsequently be reclassified to net income (loss), with the tax associated with each 

type of OCI balance to be presented separately. IAS 1 amendments are to be applied for annual periods 

beginning on or after July 1, 2012 with earlier adoption permitted. The impact of the adoption of this 

standard on the components of the financial statements cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. 

4  Significant accounting estimates and judgements 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates and 

assumptions about the future that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Estimates and 

judgements are continually evaluated based on historical experiences and other factors, including expectations 

of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. In the future, actual experience 

may differ from these estimates and assumptions. 

46

(16) 

(17) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

IFRS 7 - “Financial Instruments: Disclosures” 

IFRS 11 - “Joint Arrangements”  

IFRS 7 was amended by the IASB in October 2010, and requires entities to provide the disclosures for all 

transferred financial assets that are not recognized and for a continuing involvement in a transferred 

financial asset, existing at the reporting date, irrespective of when the related transfers transaction 

occurred. The amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2012. IFRS 7 was 

further amended by the IASB in December 2011. The amendment requires entities to provide disclosures 

IFRS 11 provides a new definition of joint arrangement focusing on the rights and obligations of the 
arrangement, rather than its legal form. The IFRS classifies joint arrangements into two types, joint 
operations and joint ventures. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new standard 
on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

related to offsetting financial assets and liabilities. The amendment is effective for annual periods 

IFRS 12 - “Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities” 

IFRS 12 requires the disclosure of information that enables users of financial statements to evaluate the 
nature of, and risks associated with, its interest in other entities and the effects of those interests on its 
financial position, financial performance and cash flows. 

Early adoption of IFRS 12 is only permitted if IFRS 10, IFRS 11, IFRS 12 and the consequential 
amendments to IAS 17 and IAS 18 are adopted at the same time, with the exception of early adopting only 
the disclosure provision for IFRS 12 without the other new standards. The Company is in the process of 
evaluating the impact of the new standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

OCI that do not clearly represent a return of investment, the dividends are recognized in net income (loss) 

IFRS 13 - “Fair Value Measurement” 

would generally be recorded in OCI. 

IAS 1 - “Presentation of Financial Statements” 

IFRS 13 provides a definition of fair value, a single framework for measuring fair value and disclosure 
requirements about fair value measurements. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of 
the new standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

IAS 1 was amended in 2011 to require earnings (loss) and OCI to be presented together either as a single 
statement of comprehensive income or separate income statement and statement of comprehensive 
income. The amendments also requires presentation of OCI based on whether or not the balance may 
subsequently be reclassified to net income, with the tax associated with each type of OCI based on whether 
or not the balance may subsequently be reclassified to net income (loss), with the tax associated with each 
type of OCI balance to be presented separately. IAS 1 amendments are to be applied for annual periods 
beginning on or after July 1, 2012 with earlier adoption permitted. The impact of the adoption of this 
standard on the components of the financial statements cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. 

4  Significant accounting estimates and judgements 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions about the future that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Estimates and 
judgements are continually evaluated based on historical experiences and other factors, including expectations 
of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. In the future, actual experience 
may differ from these estimates and assumptions. 

(16) 

(17) 

47

beginning on or after January 1, 2014. 

IFRS 9 - “Financial Instruments” 

IFRS 9 was issued in November 2009 and contained requirements for financial assets. This standard 

addresses classification and measurement of financial assets and replaces the multiple category and 

measurement models in IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” for debt 

instruments with a new model only having two categories: amortized cost and fair value. IFRS 9 also 

replaces the models for measuring equity instruments and such instruments are either recognized at 

FVTPL or at fair value through OCI. Where such equity instruments are measured at fair value through 

under net investment income; however, other gains and losses associated with such instruments remain in 

AOCI indefinitely.  

Requirements for financial liabilities were added in October 2010 which largely carried forward existing 

requirements in IAS 39, except that fair value changes due to credit risk for liabilities designated at FVTPL 

The IASB recently issued an amendment to this standard that delays the effective date from accounting 

periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2015. The amendment also modifies the relief 

from restating prior periods. As part of this relief, the IASB published an amendment to IFRS 7 to require 

additional disclosure on transition from IAS 39 to IFRS 9. The Company continues to monitor 

developments in this area. 

IFRS 10 - “Consolidated Financial Statements” 

IFRS 10 establishes principles for the presentation and preparation of consolidated financial statements 

when an entity controls one or more other entities. The IFRS defines the principle of control and 

establishes control as the basis for determining which entities are consolidated in the consolidated 

financial statements. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new standard on the 

Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

5  Cash and cash equivalents 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The effect of a change in an accounting estimate is recognized prospectively by including it in net income (loss) 
in the period of the change, if the change affects that period only, or in the period of the change and future 
periods, if the change affects both. 

Cash at banks earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. The component of cash and cash 

equivalents account currently consists only of cash amounts held in banks or on hand. 

Significant estimates made in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements include the following 
areas: 

The following table discloses the geographical location of cash and cash equivalents: 

  Fair value of investment properties - The estimate of fair value of investment properties is the most 
critical accounting estimate to the Company. An external appraiser estimates the fair value of the 
majority of investment properties annually. The fair value of investment properties is based on the 
nature, location and condition of the specific asset. The fair value of investment properties represents 
an estimate of the price that would be made in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, 
willing parties. The Company operates in the emerging real estate market of Mongolia, which given its 
current economic, political and industry conditions, gives rise to an increased inherent risk given the 
lack of reliable and comparable market information. The significant estimates underlying the fair value 
determination are disclosed in note 10. Changes in assumptions about these factors could materially 
affect the carrying value of investment properties. 

  Valuation of insurance contract liabilities - The estimate of the ultimate liability arising from claims 
made under insurance contracts is another critical accounting estimate. There are several sources of 
uncertainty that need to be considered in the estimate of the liability that the Company will ultimately 
pay for such claims. The ultimate cost of claims liabilities is estimated by using a range of standard 
actuarial claims projection techniques in accordance with Canadian accepted actuarial practice. Further 
information on methodology of the calculation and assumptions involved in estimating insurance 
contract liabilities including sensitivity analysis are disclosed in note 14. 

  Accuracy of share based compensation expense - The estimate of the ultimate expense arising from 
share based compensation plans is another critical accounting estimate. There are several sources of 
uncertainty that need to be considered in the estimate of the share based compensation expense 
recorded by the Company. The ultimate expense is estimated by using a number of key assumptions 
such as the expected volatility of the share price, the dividends expected on the shares, the risk-free 
interest rate for the expected life of the option and future forfeiture rates. Further information on key 
assumptions including sensitivity analysis is included in note 15. 

  Operating environment of the Company - Mongolia displays many characteristics of an emerging 
market including relatively high inflation and interest rates. The tax and customs legislation in 
Mongolia is subject to varying interpretations and frequent changes. The future economic performance 
of Mongolia is tied to the continuing demand from China and continuing high global prices for 
commodities as well as being dependent upon the effectiveness of economic, financial and monetary 
measures undertaken by the Government of Mongolia together with tax, legal, regulatory and political 
developments. Management is unable to predict all developments that could have an impact on the 
Mongolian economy and consequently what effect, if any, they could have on the future financial 
position of the Company. 

Barbados 

Canada 

Mongolia 

Cash 

Cash equivalents 

impaired. 

fair value. 

Cash on hand 

A or A+ rated 

-B or B+ rated 

Unrated 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

39,443   

1,515,119   

7,147,691   

1,867,474 

15,298,986 

2,912,488 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

8,702,253   

-   

19,145,052 

933,896 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

2012 

$ 

10,146   

1,550,838   

6,981,315   

159,954   

2011 

$ 

3,016 

17,160,922 

2,773,791 

141,219 

Cash and cash equivalents are not collateralized. All amounts are classified as neither past due and not 

Term deposits with banks included in cash and cash equivalents have original maturities of less than three 

months and bear interest at a rate of nil (2011 - 6.6%) per annum. The settlement and term deposits are placed 

in commercial banks operating in Mongolia. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates 

The credit quality of cash and cash equivalents balances may be summarized based on Standard and Poor’s 

ratings or equivalents of Moody’s and/or Fitch ratings. The credit quality at December 31 was as follows: 

Total cash and cash equivalents 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

The unrated balance relates to five (2011 - one) commercial banks in Mongolia, which have not been rated by 

any rating agency and one private bank in Barbados which is also unrated. 

48

(18) 

(19) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The effect of a change in an accounting estimate is recognized prospectively by including it in net income (loss) 

in the period of the change, if the change affects that period only, or in the period of the change and future 

periods, if the change affects both. 

  Fair value of investment properties - The estimate of fair value of investment properties is the most 

critical accounting estimate to the Company. An external appraiser estimates the fair value of the 

majority of investment properties annually. The fair value of investment properties is based on the 

nature, location and condition of the specific asset. The fair value of investment properties represents 

an estimate of the price that would be made in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, 

willing parties. The Company operates in the emerging real estate market of Mongolia, which given its 

current economic, political and industry conditions, gives rise to an increased inherent risk given the 

lack of reliable and comparable market information. The significant estimates underlying the fair value 

determination are disclosed in note 10. Changes in assumptions about these factors could materially 

affect the carrying value of investment properties. 

  Valuation of insurance contract liabilities - The estimate of the ultimate liability arising from claims 

made under insurance contracts is another critical accounting estimate. There are several sources of 

uncertainty that need to be considered in the estimate of the liability that the Company will ultimately 

pay for such claims. The ultimate cost of claims liabilities is estimated by using a range of standard 

actuarial claims projection techniques in accordance with Canadian accepted actuarial practice. Further 

information on methodology of the calculation and assumptions involved in estimating insurance 

contract liabilities including sensitivity analysis are disclosed in note 14. 

  Accuracy of share based compensation expense - The estimate of the ultimate expense arising from 

share based compensation plans is another critical accounting estimate. There are several sources of 

uncertainty that need to be considered in the estimate of the share based compensation expense 

recorded by the Company. The ultimate expense is estimated by using a number of key assumptions 

such as the expected volatility of the share price, the dividends expected on the shares, the risk-free 

interest rate for the expected life of the option and future forfeiture rates. Further information on key 

assumptions including sensitivity analysis is included in note 15. 

  Operating environment of the Company - Mongolia displays many characteristics of an emerging 

market including relatively high inflation and interest rates. The tax and customs legislation in 

Mongolia is subject to varying interpretations and frequent changes. The future economic performance 

of Mongolia is tied to the continuing demand from China and continuing high global prices for 

commodities as well as being dependent upon the effectiveness of economic, financial and monetary 

measures undertaken by the Government of Mongolia together with tax, legal, regulatory and political 

developments. Management is unable to predict all developments that could have an impact on the 

Mongolian economy and consequently what effect, if any, they could have on the future financial 

position of the Company. 

Significant estimates made in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements include the following 

areas: 

The following table discloses the geographical location of cash and cash equivalents: 

Cash at banks earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. The component of cash and cash 
equivalents account currently consists only of cash amounts held in banks or on hand. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

5  Cash and cash equivalents 

Barbados 
Canada 
Mongolia 

Cash 
Cash equivalents 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

39,443   
1,515,119   
7,147,691   

1,867,474 
15,298,986 
2,912,488 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

8,702,253   
-   

19,145,052 
933,896 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

Cash and cash equivalents are not collateralized. All amounts are classified as neither past due and not 
impaired. 

Term deposits with banks included in cash and cash equivalents have original maturities of less than three 
months and bear interest at a rate of nil (2011 - 6.6%) per annum. The settlement and term deposits are placed 
in commercial banks operating in Mongolia. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates 
fair value. 

The credit quality of cash and cash equivalents balances may be summarized based on Standard and Poor’s 
ratings or equivalents of Moody’s and/or Fitch ratings. The credit quality at December 31 was as follows: 

Cash on hand 
A or A+ rated 
-B or B+ rated 
Unrated 

2012 
$ 

10,146   
1,550,838   
6,981,315   
159,954   

2011 
$ 

3,016 
17,160,922 
2,773,791 
141,219 

Total cash and cash equivalents 

8,702,253   

20,078,948 

The unrated balance relates to five (2011 - one) commercial banks in Mongolia, which have not been rated by 
any rating agency and one private bank in Barbados which is also unrated. 

(18) 

(19) 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

6 

Investments and marketable securities 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

b)  Fair value hierarchy  

a)  Carrying and fair value of investments and marketable securities 

The Company has categorized its assets measured at fair value into the three-level fair value hierarchy as 

summarized below, based upon the priority of the inputs to the respective valuation technique as defined 

The carrying and fair values of the Company’s investment portfolio by financial instrument categories are 
as follows: 

in note 3: 

Classified as 
loans and 
receivables 
$ 

Designated 
as FVTPL 
$ 

Total 
carrying 
value 
$ 

2012 

Total fair 
value 
$ 

-   

100   

100   

100 

3,992,447   

-   

3,992,447   

3,992,447 

3,992,447   

 100   

3,992,547   

3,992,547 

Classified as 
loans and 
receivables 
$ 

Designated 
as FVTPL 
$ 

Total 
carrying 
value 
$ 

2011 

Total fair 
value 
$ 

-   

511,253   

511,253   

511,253 

40,305   
3,465,203   

-   
-   

40,305   
3,465,203   

40,305 
3,465,203 

3,505,508   

511,253   

4,016,761   

4,016,761 

Money market fund 
Barbados 
Term deposits 
Mongolia 

Money market fund 
Barbados 
Term deposits 

Canada 
Mongolia 

Deposits with Mongolian banks are denominated in Mongolian National Tögrögs and are placed with five 
(2011 - four) commercial banks operating in Mongolia. Deposits with Mongolian banks are neither past 
due nor impaired and are not collateralized. All deposits bear fixed interest rates ranging from 13.8% to 
16.2% (2011 - 11.0% to 15.6%). 

Deposits with financial institutions in Canada bear a fixed interest rate of nil (2011 - 0.8%). 

FVTPL 

Money market fund 

Level 1 

$ 

100   

Level 1 

$ 

2012 

Total 

$ 

100 

2011 

Total 

$ 

2012 

$ 

-   

1,445,637   

2,546,910   

2011 

$ 

40,305 

2,666,708 

1,309,748 

3,992,547   

4,016,761 

FVTPL 

Money market fund 

511,253   

511,253 

The Company has not adjusted the quoted price for any instruments included in Level 1. There are no 

investments that meet the Level 2 or 3 fair value measurement criteria. No investments were transferred 

between levels in 2012 and 2011. 

c)  Credit quality of investments and marketable securities 

The credit quality of investments and marketable securities may be summarized based on Standard and 

Poor’s ratings or equivalents of Moody’s and/or Fitch ratings. The credit quality at December 31 was as 

follows: 

A+ rated 

-B or B+ rated 

Unrated 

The unrated balance relates to three (2011 - one) commercial banks in Mongolia, which have not been 

rated by any rating agency and one (2011 - one) private bank in Barbados which is also unrated. 

50

(20) 

(21) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a)  Carrying and fair value of investments and marketable securities 

The carrying and fair values of the Company’s investment portfolio by financial instrument categories are 

as follows: 

2012 

Total fair 

value 

$ 

2011 

Total fair 

value 

$ 

$ 

-   

$ 

-   

Money market fund 

Barbados 

Term deposits 

Mongolia 

100   

100   

100 

3,992,447   

-   

3,992,447   

3,992,447 

3,992,447   

 100   

3,992,547   

3,992,547 

Classified as 

loans and 

receivables 

Designated 

as FVTPL 

$ 

Total 

carrying 

value 

$ 

Money market fund 

Barbados 

Term deposits 

Canada 

Mongolia 

511,253   

511,253   

511,253 

40,305   

3,465,203   

-   

-   

40,305   

3,465,203   

40,305 

3,465,203 

3,505,508   

511,253   

4,016,761   

4,016,761 

Deposits with Mongolian banks are denominated in Mongolian National Tögrögs and are placed with five 

(2011 - four) commercial banks operating in Mongolia. Deposits with Mongolian banks are neither past 

due nor impaired and are not collateralized. All deposits bear fixed interest rates ranging from 13.8% to 

16.2% (2011 - 11.0% to 15.6%). 

Deposits with financial institutions in Canada bear a fixed interest rate of nil (2011 - 0.8%). 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

6 

Investments and marketable securities 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

b)  Fair value hierarchy  

The Company has categorized its assets measured at fair value into the three-level fair value hierarchy as 
summarized below, based upon the priority of the inputs to the respective valuation technique as defined 
in note 3: 

Classified as 

loans and 

receivables 

Designated 

as FVTPL 

$ 

Total 

carrying 

value 

$ 

FVTPL 

Money market fund 

Level 1 
$ 

100   

Level 1 
$ 

2012 

Total 
$ 

100 

2011 

Total 
$ 

FVTPL 

Money market fund 

511,253   

511,253 

The Company has not adjusted the quoted price for any instruments included in Level 1. There are no 
investments that meet the Level 2 or 3 fair value measurement criteria. No investments were transferred 
between levels in 2012 and 2011. 

c)  Credit quality of investments and marketable securities 

The credit quality of investments and marketable securities may be summarized based on Standard and 
Poor’s ratings or equivalents of Moody’s and/or Fitch ratings. The credit quality at December 31 was as 
follows: 

A+ rated 
-B or B+ rated 
Unrated 

2012 
$ 

-   
1,445,637   
2,546,910   

2011 
$ 

40,305 
2,666,708 
1,309,748 

3,992,547   

4,016,761 

The unrated balance relates to three (2011 - one) commercial banks in Mongolia, which have not been 
rated by any rating agency and one (2011 - one) private bank in Barbados which is also unrated. 

(20) 

(21) 

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

d)  Maturity schedule of fixed-term investments 

e)  Net investment income (loss) 

Money market fund 
Barbados 
Term deposits 
Mongolia 

Money market fund 
Barbados 
Term deposits 

Canada 
Mongolia 

One year or 
less 
$ 

One to five 
years 
$ 

100   

3,992,447   

3,992,547   

-   

-   

-   

One year or 
less 
$ 

One to five 
years 
$ 

2012 

Total 
$ 

100 

3,992,447 

3,992,547 

2011 

Total 
$ 

Interest income 

Term deposits and money market fund 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Investment expense 

f)  Realized loss on sale of AFS financial assets 

511,253   

-   

511,253 

Barbados AFS financial assets 

40,305   
2,018,220   

-   
1,446,983   

40,305 
3,465,203 

7  Other assets 

2,569,778   

1,446,983   

4,016,761 

The carrying amount of investments and marketable securities approximates fair value due to their 
short-term maturity.  The carrying amount of the term deposits maturing in more than one year 
approximates their fair value as they were placed with the bank close to the end of fiscal 2011. Although 
these investments are classified as long-term, they are callable at any time. 

Amounts due from policyholder  

Accounts receivable 

Prepaid expenses 

Prepaid deposits on investment properties 

Net realized loss on sale of AFS financial assets 

-   

(592,277) 

8  Reinsurance assets (note 14) 

Reinsurers’ share of provision for unearned premiums  

Reinsurers’ share of loss provision 

The entire balance of reinsurance assets is considered to be current.  

52

(22) 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

847,548   

16,468   

252,946 

34,976 

864,016   

(304,355) 

(703)  

(39,891) 

863,313   

(344,246) 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

-   

(592,277) 

2012 

$ 

222,011   

255,628   

367,619   

1,626,240   

2011 

$ 

197,550 

94,539 

135,860 

- 

2,471,498   

427,949 

2012 

$ 

261,853   

422,432   

684,285   

2011 

$ 

7,760 

- 

7,760 

(23) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market fund 

Barbados 

Term deposits 

Mongolia 

Money market fund 

Barbados 

Term deposits 

Canada 

Mongolia 

less 

$ 

100   

3,992,447   

3,992,547   

511,253   

40,305   

2,018,220   

2012 

Total 

$ 

100 

2011 

Total 

$ 

3,992,447 

3,992,547 

511,253 

40,305 

3,465,203 

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

d)  Maturity schedule of fixed-term investments 

e)  Net investment income (loss) 

One year or 

One to five 

years 

$ 

Net realized loss on sale of AFS financial assets 

-   

(592,277) 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

Interest income 

Term deposits and money market fund 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Investment expense 

One year or 

One to five 

less 

$ 

years 

$ 

f)  Realized loss on sale of AFS financial assets 

1,446,983   

7  Other assets 

2,569,778   

1,446,983   

4,016,761 

Barbados AFS financial assets 

The carrying amount of investments and marketable securities approximates fair value due to their 

short-term maturity.  The carrying amount of the term deposits maturing in more than one year 

approximates their fair value as they were placed with the bank close to the end of fiscal 2011. Although 

these investments are classified as long-term, they are callable at any time. 

Amounts due from policyholder  
Accounts receivable 
Prepaid expenses 
Prepaid deposits on investment properties 

8  Reinsurance assets (note 14) 

Reinsurers’ share of provision for unearned premiums  
Reinsurers’ share of loss provision 

The entire balance of reinsurance assets is considered to be current.  

(22) 

847,548   
16,468   

252,946 
34,976 

864,016   

(304,355) 

(703)  

(39,891) 

863,313   

(344,246) 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

-   

(592,277) 

2012 
$ 

222,011   
255,628   
367,619   
1,626,240   

2011 
$ 

197,550 
94,539 
135,860 
- 

2,471,498   

427,949 

2012 
$ 

261,853   
422,432   

684,285   

2011 
$ 

7,760 
- 

7,760 

(23) 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The Company determined the fair value of investment properties using the sales comparison approach and the 

income approach, which are generally accepted appraisal methodologies.  

Under the income approach, the methodology used was the direct capitalization approach which is based on 

rental income and yields. Rental incomes were based on current rent and reasonable and supportable 

assumptions that represent what knowledgeable, willing parties would assume about rental income from future 

rent in light of current conditions adjusted for non-recoverable property costs. Yields were determined using 

data from real estate agencies, market reports and property location among other things in determining the 

appropriate assumptions.  

Under the overall capitalization method, year one income is stabilized and capped at a rate deemed appropriate 

for each investment property. Commercial property has been fair valued under this approach. 

The sales comparison approach analyzes all available information of sales of comparable properties that have 

recently taken place and adjusts the price to reflect differences in the property valued and sold. Residential 

property has been fair valued under this approach. 

The key valuation assumptions for investment properties are as follows: 

Capitalization rate 

14.2% 

7.6% 

10.8% 

Maximum 

Minimum 

 2012 

Weighted- 

average 

2011 

Weighted- 

average 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

9  Deferred acquisition expenses 

The movement in deferred acquisition expenses during the year was as follows: 

Carrying amount at January 1 
Acquisition expenses deferred 
Acquisition expenses amortized 
Foreign exchange adjustment 

At December 31 

2012 
$ 

15,175   
119,251   
(40,857)   
(394)  

93,175   

2011 
$ 

- 
16,555 
(1,379) 
(1) 

15,175 

The Company did not have any commission income from reinsurance during the period.  

10  Investment properties 

Balance - beginning of period 
Additions 

Acquisitions 
Capital expenditures 
Transfer from property and equipment 

Disposals 
Unrealized fair value adjustment(1) 
Foreign exchange adjustments 

2012 
$ 

26,166,286   

8,190,935   
374,890   
140,251   
(1,656,768)   
(1,490,336)   
(938,516)  

2011 
$ 

- 

21,621,505 
819,698 
- 
- 
5,740,919 
(2,015,836) 

Balance - end of period 

30,786,742   

26,166,286 

(1)  Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value adjustment on investment properties recorded in the consolidated 
statement of operations includes an impairment provision of $1,206,876 for investment properties 
classified as prepaid deposits. 

Included in investment properties are properties actively being marketed for sale that are to be disposed of 
without redevelopment with a fair value of $775,559 (2011 - $1,757,511). During the year, the Company sold 
investment properties for gross proceeds of $1,669,536. A gain of $12,768 on these transactions has been 
recorded in other revenue on the consolidated statement of operations. 

Maximum 

Minimum 

Capitalization rate 

15.6% 

7.6% 

10.6% 

Additional valuation assumptions include the rental revenue per square meter, grade quality of the property 

and comparable market data. 

Investment properties held by the Company are leased out under operating leases. The future minimum lease 

payments under non-cancellable leases are as follows: 

Investment properties with an aggregate fair value of $18,819,566 (2011 - $21,555,999) at December 31, were 
valued by an external independent valuation professional who is deemed to be qualified appraiser who holds a 
recognized, relevant, professional qualification and who has recent experience in the locations and categories of 
the investment properties valued. The carrying value of investment properties valued by the external appraiser 
at December 31, 2012 and 2011 agrees to the valuations reported by the external appraiser.  

Less than 1 year 

Between 1 and 5 years 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

2,011,716   

2,011,052   

688,026 

2,911,911 

4,022,768   

3,599,937 

54

(24) 

(25) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
   
 
 
  
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

9  Deferred acquisition expenses 

The movement in deferred acquisition expenses during the year was as follows: 

The Company did not have any commission income from reinsurance during the period.  

Carrying amount at January 1 

Acquisition expenses deferred 

Acquisition expenses amortized 

Foreign exchange adjustment 

At December 31 

10  Investment properties 

Balance - beginning of period 

Additions 

Acquisitions 

Capital expenditures 

Transfer from property and equipment 

Disposals 

Unrealized fair value adjustment(1) 

Foreign exchange adjustments 

2012 

$ 

15,175   

119,251   

(40,857)   

(394)  

93,175   

2011 

$ 

- 

16,555 

(1,379) 

(1) 

15,175 

2012 

$ 

26,166,286   

8,190,935   

374,890   

140,251   

(1,656,768)   

(1,490,336)   

(938,516)  

2011 

$ 

- 

- 

- 

21,621,505 

819,698 

5,740,919 

(2,015,836) 

Balance - end of period 

30,786,742   

26,166,286 

(1)  Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value adjustment on investment properties recorded in the consolidated 

statement of operations includes an impairment provision of $1,206,876 for investment properties 

classified as prepaid deposits. 

Included in investment properties are properties actively being marketed for sale that are to be disposed of 

without redevelopment with a fair value of $775,559 (2011 - $1,757,511). During the year, the Company sold 

investment properties for gross proceeds of $1,669,536. A gain of $12,768 on these transactions has been 

recorded in other revenue on the consolidated statement of operations. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The Company determined the fair value of investment properties using the sales comparison approach and the 
income approach, which are generally accepted appraisal methodologies.  

Under the income approach, the methodology used was the direct capitalization approach which is based on 
rental income and yields. Rental incomes were based on current rent and reasonable and supportable 
assumptions that represent what knowledgeable, willing parties would assume about rental income from future 
rent in light of current conditions adjusted for non-recoverable property costs. Yields were determined using 
data from real estate agencies, market reports and property location among other things in determining the 
appropriate assumptions.  

Under the overall capitalization method, year one income is stabilized and capped at a rate deemed appropriate 
for each investment property. Commercial property has been fair valued under this approach. 

The sales comparison approach analyzes all available information of sales of comparable properties that have 
recently taken place and adjusts the price to reflect differences in the property valued and sold. Residential 
property has been fair valued under this approach. 

The key valuation assumptions for investment properties are as follows: 

Capitalization rate 

14.2% 

7.6% 

10.8% 

Maximum 

Minimum 

 2012 

Weighted- 
average 

Maximum 

Minimum 

2011 

Weighted- 
average 

Capitalization rate 

15.6% 

7.6% 

10.6% 

Additional valuation assumptions include the rental revenue per square meter, grade quality of the property 
and comparable market data. 

Investment properties held by the Company are leased out under operating leases. The future minimum lease 
payments under non-cancellable leases are as follows: 

Investment properties with an aggregate fair value of $18,819,566 (2011 - $21,555,999) at December 31, were 

valued by an external independent valuation professional who is deemed to be qualified appraiser who holds a 

recognized, relevant, professional qualification and who has recent experience in the locations and categories of 

the investment properties valued. The carrying value of investment properties valued by the external appraiser 

at December 31, 2012 and 2011 agrees to the valuations reported by the external appraiser.  

Less than 1 year 
Between 1 and 5 years 

(24) 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

2,011,716   
2,011,052   

688,026 
2,911,911 

4,022,768   

3,599,937 

(25) 

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
   
 
 
  
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Investment properties include land held under operating leases with an aggregate fair value of $9,458,693 
(2011 - $3,670,841) at December 31. 

Direct operating expenses arising from investment properties that generated rental income during the year was 
$764,440 (2011 - $623,615). Direct operating expenses arising from investment properties that did not generate 
rental income during the year was $222,967 (2011 - $13,892). 

11  Property and equipment 

Furniture 
and fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2012 

Total 
$ 

Cost 

At January 1 
Additions 
Disposals 
Transfer to investment 

properties 
Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

109,122   
66,104   
(35,996)   

81,605   
55,517   
(4,012)  

234,039   
36,666   
-   

4,241,393   
275,423   
-   

4,666,159 
433,710 
(40,008) 

-   

-   

-   

(140,251)  

(140,251) 

(340)  

(7,373)  

(2,354)  

(137,858)  

(147,925) 

At December 31 

138,890   

125,737   

268,351   

4,238,707   

4,771,685 

Furniture 
and fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2012 

Total 
$ 

Accumulated 

depreciation 

At January 1 
Depreciation 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

5,780   
16,508   
(4,460)  

9,926   
30,744   
(1,159)  

8,618   
23,859   
-   

17,825   
99,779   
(9,476)  

42,149 
170,890 
(15,095) 

(222)  

(1,541)  

(387)  

(140)  

(2,290) 

At December 31 

17,606   

37,970   

32,090   

107,988   

195,654 

Net book value at 
December 31 

121,284   

87,767   

236,261   

4,130,719   

4,576,031 

Furniture 

and fixtures 

$ 

Equipment 

Vehicles 

Buildings 

$ 

$ 

-   

-   

118,186   

86,324   

4,750,289   

5,242,383 

-   

-   

-   

287,584   

(32,521)   

(9,064)  

(4,719)  

(21,024)   

(508,896)  

(543,703) 

$ 

-   

-   

2011 

Total 

$ 

- 

(32,521) 

2011 

Total 

$ 

Furniture 

and fixtures 

$ 

Equipment 

Vehicles 

Buildings 

$ 

$ 

$ 

At December 31 

109,122   

81,605   

234,039   

4,241,393   

4,666,159 

-   

6,251   

-   

10,604   

-   

9,392   

-   

19,510   

- 

45,757 

(471)  

(678)  

(774)  

(1,685)  

(3,608) 

At December 31 

5,780   

9,926   

8,618   

17,825   

42,149 

12  Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

103,342   

71,679   

225,421   

4,223,568   

4,624,010 

Cost 

At January 1 

Additions 

Disposals 

Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

Accumulated 

depreciation 

At January 1 

Depreciation 

Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

Net book value at 

December 31 

Trade and accrued payables 

Premiums received in advance 

Security deposit 

Unearned revenue 

2012 

$ 

833,349   

4,949   

130,084   

27,932   

2011 

$ 

688,808 

5,007 

78,039 

87,359 

996,314   

859,213 

The carrying amounts above reasonably approximate fair value at the balance sheet date. All trade and other 

payables are current. 

56

(26) 

(27) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Investment properties include land held under operating leases with an aggregate fair value of $9,458,693 

(2011 - $3,670,841) at December 31. 

Direct operating expenses arising from investment properties that generated rental income during the year was 

$764,440 (2011 - $623,615). Direct operating expenses arising from investment properties that did not generate 

rental income during the year was $222,967 (2011 - $13,892). 

11  Property and equipment 

Furniture 

and fixtures 

$ 

Equipment 

Vehicles 

Buildings 

$ 

$ 

$ 

109,122   

66,104   

(35,996)   

81,605   

55,517   

(4,012)  

234,039   

36,666   

4,241,393   

275,423   

4,666,159 

433,710 

(40,008) 

-   

-   

-   

(140,251)  

(140,251) 

(340)  

(7,373)  

(2,354)  

(137,858)  

(147,925) 

-   

-   

At December 31 

138,890   

125,737   

268,351   

4,238,707   

4,771,685 

Furniture 

and fixtures 

$ 

Equipment 

Vehicles 

Buildings 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Furniture 
and fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2011 

Total 
$ 

Cost 

At January 1 
Additions 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

-   
118,186   
-   

-   
86,324   
-   

-   
287,584   
(32,521)   

-   
4,750,289   
-   

- 
5,242,383 
(32,521) 

(9,064)  

(4,719)  

(21,024)   

(508,896)  

(543,703) 

At December 31 

109,122   

81,605   

234,039   

4,241,393   

4,666,159 

Furniture 
and fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2011 

Total 
$ 

Accumulated 

depreciation 

At January 1 
Depreciation 
Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

-   
6,251   

-   
10,604   

-   
9,392   

-   
19,510   

- 
45,757 

(471)  

(678)  

(774)  

(1,685)  

(3,608) 

At December 31 

5,780   

9,926   

8,618   

17,825   

42,149 

Net book value at 
December 31 

103,342   

71,679   

225,421   

4,223,568   

4,624,010 

12  Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

5,780   

16,508   

(4,460)  

9,926   

30,744   

(1,159)  

8,618   

23,859   

-   

17,825   

99,779   

(9,476)  

42,149 

170,890 

(15,095) 

(222)  

(1,541)  

(387)  

(140)  

(2,290) 

At December 31 

17,606   

37,970   

32,090   

107,988   

195,654 

121,284   

87,767   

236,261   

4,130,719   

4,576,031 

Trade and accrued payables 
Premiums received in advance 
Security deposit 
Unearned revenue 

2012 
$ 

833,349   
4,949   
130,084   
27,932   

2011 
$ 

688,808 
5,007 
78,039 
87,359 

996,314   

859,213 

The carrying amounts above reasonably approximate fair value at the balance sheet date. All trade and other 
payables are current. 

Cost 

At January 1 

Additions 

Disposals 

Transfer to investment 

properties 

Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

Accumulated 

depreciation 

At January 1 

Depreciation 

Disposals 

Foreign exchange 

adjustment 

Net book value at 

December 31 

(27) 

57

2012 

Total 

$ 

2012 

Total 

$ 

(26) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

13  Income taxes 

a)  Effective tax rate 

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate that differs from the combined tax rate for 
Canadian federal and provincial corporate taxes for the following: 

Net income (loss) before income taxes 

Combined statutory tax rate 

Tax payable (recoverable) based on statutory tax rate 
Effect of: 

Permanent differences 
Tax rate variances of foreign subsidiaries 
Deferred tax assets not recognized 
Other 

Provision for (recovery of) income taxes 

Current 
Deferred 

b)  Deferred income taxes 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

(6,052,070) 
26.5% 

2,176,650 
28.25% 

(1,603,799) 

614,904 

189,128 
923,247 
303,697 
209,407 

21,680 

209,407 
(187,727) 

21,680 

142,573 
(397,239) 
373,505 
93,754 

827,497 

827,497 
- 

827,497 

Differences between IFRS and statutory taxation regulations in Mongolia give rise to temporary 
differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their 
tax bases.  

The Company did not recognize a deferred tax asset in these consolidated financial statements as there is 
uncertainty with regard to the recoverability of the asset for both the Canadian and Mongolian entities.  

There are $1,861,000 (2011 - $36,000) of non-capital loss carryforwards relating to the Mongolian entities 
that will expire in 2013. The Company also did not recognize deferred tax assets related to taxable 
temporary differences of $81,000. In accordance with Mongolian tax law, the taxable losses can be carried 
forward for two years and are deductible up to 50% of the taxable income of that year. 

In accordance with Canadian tax law, the taxable losses can be forward twenty years. There are $2,953,429 
(2011 - $1,293,266) of non-capital losses relating to the Canadian entity. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The losses expire as follows: 

Year of expiry 

2028 

2029 

2030 

2031 

2032 

Non-capital loss 

$ 

8,572   

75,387   

275,393   

933,914   

1,660,163   

2012 

$ 

557,903   

56,043   

613,946   

No future tax benefit has been recorded on these non-capital loss carry forwards as the timing for potential 

realization of these future benefits is uncertain.  

Components of the deferred tax liabilities are as follows: 

2011 

$ 

- 

- 

- 

2012 

Net 

$ 

Deferred tax liabilities 

Investment properties 

Investment in related party 

In 2011, the deferred tax liabilities of $801,673 were included in income tax payable. 

14  Insurance contract liabilities 

a)  Insurance contract liabilities consist of: 

Insurance 

contract 

liabilities 

$ 

Reinsurers’ 

portion 

$ 

Property and casualty 

Unearned premiums 

Unpaid claims 

1,031,176   

1,269,428   

(261,853)  

(422,432)  

769,323 

846,996 

Insurance contract liabilities 

2,300,604   

(684,285)  

1,616,319 

Current 

Non-current 

2,300,604   

(684,285)  

1,616,319 

-   

-   

- 

Insurance contract liabilities 

2,300,604   

(684,285)  

1,616,319 

58

(28) 

(29) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

13  Income taxes 

a)  Effective tax rate 

Net income (loss) before income taxes 

Combined statutory tax rate 

Effect of: 

Other 

Permanent differences 

Tax rate variances of foreign subsidiaries 

Deferred tax assets not recognized 

Provision for (recovery of) income taxes 

Current 

Deferred 

b)  Deferred income taxes 

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate that differs from the combined tax rate for 

Canadian federal and provincial corporate taxes for the following: 

Tax payable (recoverable) based on statutory tax rate 

(1,603,799) 

614,904 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

(6,052,070) 

26.5% 

2,176,650 

28.25% 

189,128 

923,247 

303,697 

209,407 

21,680 

209,407 

(187,727) 

21,680 

142,573 

(397,239) 

373,505 

93,754 

827,497 

827,497 

- 

827,497 

Differences between IFRS and statutory taxation regulations in Mongolia give rise to temporary 

differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their 

tax bases.  

The Company did not recognize a deferred tax asset in these consolidated financial statements as there is 

uncertainty with regard to the recoverability of the asset for both the Canadian and Mongolian entities.  

There are $1,861,000 (2011 - $36,000) of non-capital loss carryforwards relating to the Mongolian entities 

that will expire in 2013. The Company also did not recognize deferred tax assets related to taxable 

temporary differences of $81,000. In accordance with Mongolian tax law, the taxable losses can be carried 

forward for two years and are deductible up to 50% of the taxable income of that year. 

In accordance with Canadian tax law, the taxable losses can be forward twenty years. There are $2,953,429 

(2011 - $1,293,266) of non-capital losses relating to the Canadian entity. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The losses expire as follows: 

Year of expiry 

2028 
2029 
2030 
2031 
2032 

Non-capital loss 
$ 

8,572   
75,387   
275,393   
933,914   
1,660,163   

No future tax benefit has been recorded on these non-capital loss carry forwards as the timing for potential 
realization of these future benefits is uncertain.  

Components of the deferred tax liabilities are as follows: 

Deferred tax liabilities 

Investment properties 
Investment in related party 

2012 
$ 

557,903   
56,043   

613,946   

In 2011, the deferred tax liabilities of $801,673 were included in income tax payable. 

14  Insurance contract liabilities 

a)  Insurance contract liabilities consist of: 

Insurance 
contract 
liabilities 
$ 

Reinsurers’ 
portion 
$ 

2011 
$ 

- 
- 

- 

2012 

Net 
$ 

Property and casualty 

Unearned premiums 
Unpaid claims 

1,031,176   
1,269,428   

(261,853)  
(422,432)  

769,323 
846,996 

Insurance contract liabilities 

2,300,604   

(684,285)  

1,616,319 

Current 
Non-current 

2,300,604   
-   

(684,285)  
-   

1,616,319 
- 

Insurance contract liabilities 

2,300,604   

(684,285)  

1,616,319 

(28) 

(29) 

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Insurance 
contract 
liabilities 
$ 

Reinsurers’ 
portion 
$ 

2011 

Net 
$ 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

c)  Property and casualty unpaid claims 

Property and casualty 

Unearned premiums 
Unpaid claims 

310,993   
50,827   

(7,760)  
-   

303,233 
50,827 

Provision for reported claims undiscounted  

Effect of discounting and PFADs 

1,152,238   

117,190   

Insurance contract liabilities 

361,820   

(7,760)  

354,060 

1,269,428   

(422,432)  

846,996 

Current 
Non-current 

361,820   
-   

(7,760)  
-   

354,060 
- 

Insurance contract liabilities 

361,820   

(7,760)  

354,060 

b)  The movements in unearned premiums for the year were: 

Provision for reported claims undiscounted  

Effect of discounting and PFADs 

At January 1 
Gross premiums written 
Premiums earned 
Foreign currency adjustment 

Insurance 
contract 
liabilities 
$ 

310,993   
2,004,415   
(1,263,553)   
(20,679)   

Reinsurers’ 
portion 
$ 

2012 

Net 
$ 

(7,760)  
(889,222)  
635,129   
-   

303,233 
1,115,193 
(628,424) 
(20,679) 

At December 31 

1,031,176   

(261,853)  

769,323 

At January 1 
Gross premiums written 
Premiums earned 

At December 31 

Insurance 
contract 
liabilities 
$ 

-   
391,702   
(80,709)   

Reinsurers’ 
portion 
$ 

-   
(10,683)   
2,923   

2011 

Net 
$ 

- 
381,019 
(77,786) 

310,993   

(7,760)  

303,233 

Gross premiums written and premiums earned include respective instalment service charges. 

Gross unpaid 

Reinsurers’ 

claims 

$   

portion 

$   

(373,011)  

(49,421)   

Gross unpaid 

Reinsurers’ 

portion 

claims 

$   

46,995   

3,832   

50,827   

$   

-   

-   

-   

2012 

Net 

$ 

779,227 

67,769 

2011 

Net 

$ 

46,995 

3,832 

50,827 

Management believes that the unpaid claims provision is appropriately established in the aggregate and is 

adequate to cover the ultimate net cost on a discounted basis. The determination of this provision, which 

includes unpaid claims, adjustment expenses and expected salvage and subrogation requires an 

assessment of future claims development. This assessment takes into account the consistency of the 

Company’s claim handling procedures, the amount of information available, the characteristics of the line 

of business from which the claims arise and the delay inherent in claims reporting. This provision is an 

estimate and as such is subject to variability that may arise from future events, such as the receipt of 

additional claims information, changes in judicial interpretation of contracts or significant changes in 

frequency and severity of claims. As the insurance company is at a start-up stage, there is no historical loss 

information available. As a result, the Company has calculated the unpaid claims provision based on the 

expected loss method. Under the expected loss method, ultimate losses are based upon some prior 

measure of the anticipated losses relative to some measure of exposure, which the Company has used 

earned premium. The expected loss ratios were based on Mongolian industry experience and expected loss 

ratios used in determining the Company’s premium rates. Any such changes in assumptions will be 

reflected in the consolidated statement of operations for the period in which the change occurred. 

60

(30) 

(31) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

c)  Property and casualty unpaid claims 

Insurance contract liabilities 

361,820   

(7,760)  

354,060 

1,269,428   

(422,432)  

846,996 

310,993   

50,827   

(7,760)  

-   

303,233 

50,827 

Provision for reported claims undiscounted  
Effect of discounting and PFADs 

1,152,238   
117,190   

(373,011)  
(49,421)   

779,227 
67,769 

Gross unpaid 
claims 

Reinsurers’ 
portion 

$   

$   

2012 

Net 
$ 

b)  The movements in unearned premiums for the year were: 

Provision for reported claims undiscounted  
Effect of discounting and PFADs 

Gross unpaid 
claims 

Reinsurers’ 
portion 

$   

46,995   
3,832   

50,827   

$   

-   
-   

-   

2011 

Net 
$ 

46,995 
3,832 

50,827 

Management believes that the unpaid claims provision is appropriately established in the aggregate and is 
adequate to cover the ultimate net cost on a discounted basis. The determination of this provision, which 
includes unpaid claims, adjustment expenses and expected salvage and subrogation requires an 
assessment of future claims development. This assessment takes into account the consistency of the 
Company’s claim handling procedures, the amount of information available, the characteristics of the line 
of business from which the claims arise and the delay inherent in claims reporting. This provision is an 
estimate and as such is subject to variability that may arise from future events, such as the receipt of 
additional claims information, changes in judicial interpretation of contracts or significant changes in 
frequency and severity of claims. As the insurance company is at a start-up stage, there is no historical loss 
information available. As a result, the Company has calculated the unpaid claims provision based on the 
expected loss method. Under the expected loss method, ultimate losses are based upon some prior 
measure of the anticipated losses relative to some measure of exposure, which the Company has used 
earned premium. The expected loss ratios were based on Mongolian industry experience and expected loss 
ratios used in determining the Company’s premium rates. Any such changes in assumptions will be 
reflected in the consolidated statement of operations for the period in which the change occurred. 

(31) 

61

Insurance 

contract 

liabilities 

$ 

Reinsurers’ 

portion 

$ 

Property and casualty 

Unearned premiums 

Unpaid claims 

Current 

Non-current 

361,820   

-   

(7,760)  

-   

354,060 

- 

Insurance contract liabilities 

361,820   

(7,760)  

354,060 

At December 31 

1,031,176   

(261,853)  

769,323 

Insurance 

contract 

liabilities 

$ 

310,993   

2,004,415   

(1,263,553)   

(20,679)   

Insurance 

contract 

liabilities 

$ 

-   

391,702   

(80,709)   

Reinsurers’ 

portion 

$ 

(7,760)  

(889,222)  

635,129   

-   

303,233 

1,115,193 

(628,424) 

(20,679) 

Reinsurers’ 

portion 

$ 

-   

(10,683)   

2,923   

At January 1 

Gross premiums written 

Premiums earned 

Foreign currency adjustment 

At January 1 

Gross premiums written 

Premiums earned 

At December 31 

Gross premiums written and premiums earned include respective instalment service charges. 

310,993   

(7,760)  

303,233 

2011 

Net 

$ 

2012 

Net 

$ 

2011 

Net 

$ 

- 

381,019 

(77,786) 

(30) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The loss ratios used in the calculations are as follows: 

15  Share capital and contributed surplus 

Accident insurance 
Automobile insurance 
Property insurance 
Drivers’ insurance 
Liability insurance 
Construction insurance 
Cargo insurance 
Finance insurance 
Aviation 

 2012 
% 

70 
55 
60 
115 
60 
60 
60 
720 
60 

2011 
% 

70 
55 
60 
70 
60 
60 
60 
- 
- 

This estimate does reflect the time value of money. In that respect, the Company determines the discount 
rate based upon the expected return of investments held in the portfolio that approximates the cash flow 
requirements of the unpaid claims. The discount rate applied was 1% (2011 - 3%) and then again at 0.5% 
(2011 - 2%) to allow a margin for adverse deviations in the interest rate. To recognize the uncertainty 
inherent in determining unpaid claim amounts, the Company includes provision for PFADs relating to 
claim development, reinsurance recoveries and future investment income. Margins for claims development 
used for calculating the provision for adverse deviation range from 10% to 15% depending on the line of 
business.  

Significant estimates used in the valuation of insurance contract liabilities are the discount rate and the 
expected loss ratios. A change in the discount rate by 2% or in the expected loss ratios by 10% would not 
have a material impact. 

d)  Net premiums earned for the year ended December 31 consist of: 

Gross premiums written 
Premiums ceded 
Increase in unearned premiums 
Foreign exchange adjustment 

2012 
$ 

2,004,415   
(889,222)  
(769,323)  
282,554   

2011 
$ 

391,702 
(10,683) 
(303,233) 
- 

February 2, 2011 (1) 

April 8, 2011 

June 22, 2011 

December 23, 2011 

Net premiums earned 

628,424   

77,786 

(1)   25,370,904 shares were issued on February 2, 2011. Following this private placement there was a 2:1 

share consolidation. 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common and preferred shares. 

a)  Authorized 

b)  Common shares 

The issued and outstanding common shares are as follows: 

Balance, December 31, 2010 

Consolidation of common shares (1:2) 

Issued for cash 

Share issue costs 

Number of 

shares 

Amount 

2,964,300   

438,547 

1,482,150   

32,661,202   

-   

51,571,284 

(328,013) 

$ 

- 

Balance December 31, 2011 

34,143,352   

51,681,818 

Balance, December 31, 2012 

34,143,352   

51,681,818 

Common shares issued 

The common shares issued during the previous year were completed through a series of four private 

placements. The shares issued and proceeds raised were as follows: 

Number of 

shares issued 

12,685,452   

11,257,923   

4,871,673   

3,846,154   

Amount 

$ 

4,611,253 

14,860,458 

17,099,573 

15,000,000 

32,661,202   

51,571,284 

62

(32) 

(33) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The loss ratios used in the calculations are as follows: 

15  Share capital and contributed surplus 

Accident insurance 

Automobile insurance 

Property insurance 

Drivers’ insurance 

Liability insurance 

Construction insurance 

Cargo insurance 

Finance insurance 

Aviation 

 2012 

% 

70 

55 

60 

60 

60 

60 

115 

720 

60 

2011 

% 

70 

55 

60 

70 

60 

60 

60 

- 

- 

This estimate does reflect the time value of money. In that respect, the Company determines the discount 

rate based upon the expected return of investments held in the portfolio that approximates the cash flow 

requirements of the unpaid claims. The discount rate applied was 1% (2011 - 3%) and then again at 0.5% 

(2011 - 2%) to allow a margin for adverse deviations in the interest rate. To recognize the uncertainty 

inherent in determining unpaid claim amounts, the Company includes provision for PFADs relating to 

claim development, reinsurance recoveries and future investment income. Margins for claims development 

used for calculating the provision for adverse deviation range from 10% to 15% depending on the line of 

business.  

have a material impact. 

Significant estimates used in the valuation of insurance contract liabilities are the discount rate and the 

expected loss ratios. A change in the discount rate by 2% or in the expected loss ratios by 10% would not 

d)  Net premiums earned for the year ended December 31 consist of: 

a)  Authorized 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common and preferred shares. 

b)  Common shares 

The issued and outstanding common shares are as follows: 

Balance, December 31, 2010 

Consolidation of common shares (1:2) 
Issued for cash 
Share issue costs 

Number of 
shares 

Amount 
$ 

2,964,300   

438,547 

1,482,150   
32,661,202   
-   

- 
51,571,284 
(328,013) 

Balance December 31, 2011 

34,143,352   

51,681,818 

Balance, December 31, 2012 

34,143,352   

51,681,818 

Common shares issued 

The common shares issued during the previous year were completed through a series of four private 
placements. The shares issued and proceeds raised were as follows: 

Gross premiums written 

Premiums ceded 

Increase in unearned premiums 

Foreign exchange adjustment 

2012 

$ 

2,004,415   

(889,222)  

(769,323)  

282,554   

2011 

$ 

391,702 

(10,683) 

(303,233) 

- 

February 2, 2011 (1) 
April 8, 2011 
June 22, 2011 
December 23, 2011 

Number of 
shares issued 

12,685,452   
11,257,923   
4,871,673   
3,846,154   

Amount 
$ 

4,611,253 
14,860,458 
17,099,573 
15,000,000 

32,661,202   

51,571,284 

Net premiums earned 

628,424   

77,786 

(1)   25,370,904 shares were issued on February 2, 2011. Following this private placement there was a 2:1 
share consolidation. 

(32) 

(33) 

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

c)  Stock options 

Balance, December 31, 2010 
Cancelled - prior share based payment plan 
Granted 
Forfeited - current share based payment plan 

Balance, December 31, 2011 
Cancelled - prior share based payment plan 
Granted 
Forfeited - current share based payment plan 

December 31, 2012 

Number of 
options 

296,430   
(296,430)  
1,825,000   
(128,000)  

1,697,000   

1,697,000   
(5,000)  
190,000   
(100,000)  

1,782,000   

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
$ 

0.20 
(0.20) 
3.42 
(4.20) 

3.36 

3.36 
(4.25) 
4.00 
(4.36) 

3.40 

The Company has established a share based payment plan (the “Plan”) to encourage ownership of its 
shares by key management personnel (directors and executive management), employees and other key 
service providers, and to provide compensation for certain services. The Plan provides for the issuance of 
stock options in an aggregate number of up to 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares, 
calculated from time to time. At December 31, 2012, the Company had 1,632,335 (2011 - 1,717,335) 
common shares available for the granting of future options under the new plan. The Company does not 
have any cash-settled transactions. 

Pursuant to the Company’s previous stock option plan, 351,428 stock options were granted to directors 
and officers on October 9, 2008. These options allowed the holder to acquire common shares at a price of 
$0.20 per share for each option exercised. The options were fully vested and were exercisable at any time 
prior to their expiry on October 9, 2013. Concurrent with the cancellation of the common shares of the 
Company on February 2, 2011, the Company also cancelled 296,430 of the stock options issued to its 
directors and officers.  

On March 9, 2011, 600,000 options were granted to consultants of the Company. These options allow the 
holder to acquire common shares at a price of $1.64 per share for each option exercised. 500,000 of these 
options vest and become exercisable on March 9, 2014 and are exercisable up until their expiry on 
March 9, 2021.  100,000 of these options vest and become exercisable on March 9, 2013 up until their 
expiry on March 9, 2014.  On May 16, 2012, the Company approved a Board resolution that allowed for 
200,000 of the options to vest immediately at a modified price of $1.90 per share for each option issued. 

64

(34) 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

On April 25, 2011, 900,000 options were granted to employees and consultants of the Company. These 

options allow the holder to acquire common shares at a price of $4.20 per share for each option exercised. 

650,000 of these options vest in four equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on 

April 25, 2016. 75,000 of these options shall vest on April 25, 2013 and expire April 25, 2014. 175,000 of 

these options shall vest on April 25, 2013 and expire April 25, 2016. 

On September 7, 2011, 175,000 options were granted to employees and consultants of the Company. These 

options allow the holder to acquire common shares at a price of $4.77 per share for each option exercised. 

55,000 of these options vest in four equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on 

September 7, 2016. 120,000 of these options shall vest and become exercisable on September 7, 2013 and 

expire on September 7, 2016.  

On December 2, 2011, 150,000 options were granted to employees. These options allow the holder to 

acquire common shares at a price of $4.25 per share for each option exercised. These options vest in four 

equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on December 2, 2016. 

On March 23, 2012, 190,000 options were granted to employees. These options allow the holder to acquire 

common shares at a price of $4.00 per share for each option exercised.  170,000 of these options vest in 

four equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on March 23, 2017. 20,000 of these 

options shall vest and become exercisable on March 23, 2014 and expire on March 23, 2017. 

At period

end, the Company had 358,000 options that were exercisable (2011 - nil). 

A summary of the Company’s options as at December 31 and changes during the periods then ended 

‐

follows: 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2012 

exercise price 

2011 

exercise price 

Weighted 

average 

Weighted 

average 

$ 

Balance, beginning of the 

year 

Options cancelled 

Options granted 

Options forfeited 

1,697,000   

(5,000)  

190,000   

(100,000)  

3.36   

4.25   

4.00   

4.36   

296,430   

(296,430)  

1,825,000   

(128,000)  

Balance, end of the year   

1,782,000   

3.40   

1,697,000   

Exercisable 

358,000   

2.94   

-   

Weighted remaining 

average life (years)   

3.84   

$ 

0.20 

(0.20) 

3.42 

(4.20) 

3.36 

5.70 

(35) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

c)  Stock options 

Balance, December 31, 2010 

Cancelled - prior share based payment plan 

Granted 

Forfeited - current share based payment plan 

Balance, December 31, 2011 

Cancelled - prior share based payment plan 

Granted 

Forfeited - current share based payment plan 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Number of 

options 

296,430   

(296,430)  

1,825,000   

(128,000)  

1,697,000   

1,697,000   

(5,000)  

190,000   

(100,000)  

1,782,000   

Weighted 

average 

exercise 

price 

$ 

0.20 

(0.20) 

3.42 

(4.20) 

3.36 

3.36 

(4.25) 

4.00 

(4.36) 

3.40 

On April 25, 2011, 900,000 options were granted to employees and consultants of the Company. These 
options allow the holder to acquire common shares at a price of $4.20 per share for each option exercised. 
650,000 of these options vest in four equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on 
April 25, 2016. 75,000 of these options shall vest on April 25, 2013 and expire April 25, 2014. 175,000 of 
these options shall vest on April 25, 2013 and expire April 25, 2016. 

On September 7, 2011, 175,000 options were granted to employees and consultants of the Company. These 
options allow the holder to acquire common shares at a price of $4.77 per share for each option exercised. 
55,000 of these options vest in four equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on 
September 7, 2016. 120,000 of these options shall vest and become exercisable on September 7, 2013 and 
expire on September 7, 2016.  

On December 2, 2011, 150,000 options were granted to employees. These options allow the holder to 
acquire common shares at a price of $4.25 per share for each option exercised. These options vest in four 
equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on December 2, 2016. 

On March 23, 2012, 190,000 options were granted to employees. These options allow the holder to acquire 
common shares at a price of $4.00 per share for each option exercised.  170,000 of these options vest in 
four equal annual tranches each year over four years and expire on March 23, 2017. 20,000 of these 
options shall vest and become exercisable on March 23, 2014 and expire on March 23, 2017. 

shares by key management personnel (directors and executive management), employees and other key 

At period

end, the Company had 358,000 options that were exercisable (2011 - nil). 

‐

A summary of the Company’s options as at December 31 and changes during the periods then ended 
follows: 

December 31, 
2012 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
$ 

December 31, 
2011 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
$ 

Balance, beginning of the 

year 

Options cancelled 
Options granted 
Options forfeited 

1,697,000   
(5,000)  
190,000   
(100,000)  

3.36   
4.25   
4.00   
4.36   

296,430   
(296,430)  
1,825,000   
(128,000)  

Balance, end of the year   

1,782,000   

3.40   

1,697,000   

Exercisable 

358,000   

2.94   

-   

Weighted remaining 

average life (years)   

3.84   

0.20 
(0.20) 
3.42 
(4.20) 

3.36 

5.70 

(35) 

65

The Company has established a share based payment plan (the “Plan”) to encourage ownership of its 

service providers, and to provide compensation for certain services. The Plan provides for the issuance of 

stock options in an aggregate number of up to 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares, 

calculated from time to time. At December 31, 2012, the Company had 1,632,335 (2011 - 1,717,335) 

common shares available for the granting of future options under the new plan. The Company does not 

have any cash-settled transactions. 

Pursuant to the Company’s previous stock option plan, 351,428 stock options were granted to directors 

and officers on October 9, 2008. These options allowed the holder to acquire common shares at a price of 

$0.20 per share for each option exercised. The options were fully vested and were exercisable at any time 

prior to their expiry on October 9, 2013. Concurrent with the cancellation of the common shares of the 

Company on February 2, 2011, the Company also cancelled 296,430 of the stock options issued to its 

directors and officers.  

On March 9, 2011, 600,000 options were granted to consultants of the Company. These options allow the 

holder to acquire common shares at a price of $1.64 per share for each option exercised. 500,000 of these 

options vest and become exercisable on March 9, 2014 and are exercisable up until their expiry on 

March 9, 2021.  100,000 of these options vest and become exercisable on March 9, 2013 up until their 

expiry on March 9, 2014.  On May 16, 2012, the Company approved a Board resolution that allowed for 

200,000 of the options to vest immediately at a modified price of $1.90 per share for each option issued. 

(34) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The fair value associated with the options issued was calculated using the Black-Scholes model for options 
valuation, assuming volatility of 90% on the underlying units, a risk free interest rate ranging from 1.44% 
to 2.9% depending on the date the options were granted and a forfeiture rate of nil based on the 
composition of the option holders. Share prices for the calculation were the closing price on the CNSX on 
the date of issue of the options. The Company has assumed the options will be exercised at the end of the 
term of the option. 

Being a newly listed entity, the Company considered its historical share price over the last twenty months. 
However, given the lack of sufficient information on historical volatility, it also considered historical 
volatility of similar entities following a comparable period in their lives. 

The approximate impact of an increase of 10% in the volatility assumption would decrease net income of 
the Company by $103,000. The approximate impact of a decrease of 10% in the volatility assumption 
would increase net income of the Company by $115,000. 

The following options were issued, outstanding and exercisable at December 31: 

Options outstanding 2012 

16  Management of capital structure 

Number outstanding 

Weighted average 
remaining life 
(years) 

Weighted 
average exercise 
price 
$ 

Weighted 
average at grant 
date 

400,000 
200,000 
722,000 
150,000 
120,000 
190,000 

1,782,000 

6.50 
8.25 
3.33 
3.67 
3.92 
4.33 

3.84 

1.64 
1.90 
4.20 
4.77 
4.25 
4.00 

3.40 

1.78 
1.78 
4.04 
4.70 
4.14 
4.00 

3.35 

Options outstanding 2011 

Number outstanding 

Weighted average 
remaining life 
(years) 

Weighted 
average exercise 
price 
$ 

Weighted 
average at grant 
date 

600,000 
772,000 
175,000 
150,000 

1,697,000 

66

8.08 
4.33 
4.67 
4.92 

5.70 

1.64 
4.20 
4.77 
4.25 

3.36 

1.78 
4.04 
4.70 
4.14 

3.32 

(36) 

The following table summarizes the shares used in calculating earnings (loss) per share:  

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

34,143,352   

1,738,913   

23,902,851 

1,101,214 

Weighted average number of shares - basic 

Effect of dilutive stock options 

Weighted average number of shares - diluted 

35,882,265   

25,004,065 

Basic earnings (loss) per share are derived by dividing net income (loss) for the year by the weighted 

average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The effect of potentially dilutive securities 

is excluded if they are anti-dilutive. 

There have been no significant capital transactions from the reporting date to the date of this filing which 

have had a material impact on earnings per share.  

The Company’s objective when managing capital is to ensure the Company is capitalized in a manner which 

provides a strong financial position for its shareholders. 

The Company’s capital structure includes equity and working capital. In managing its capital structure, the 

Company considers future investment and acquisition opportunities, potential credit available and potential 

issuances of new equity. The Company’s objective is to maintain a flexible capital structure that will allow it to 

execute its stated business. Upon acquiring investment properties and operating businesses, the Company will 

strive to balance its proportion of debt and equity within its capital structure in accordance with the needs of 

the continuing business. The Company may, from time to time, issue shares and adjust its spending to manage 

current and projected proportions as deemed appropriate. 

The method used by the Company to monitor its capital is based on an assessment of the Company’s working 

capital position relative to its projected obligations. At December 31, 2012, the Company’s working capital was 

$12,554,733 (2011 - $21,059,481) and the Company had no debt. 

Current assets 

Current liabilities 

Working capital 

The Company’s Mongolian insurance operations, Mandal General Insurance LLC, (Mandal) are regulated by 

the Mongolian insurance regulator, the Financial Regulatory Commission (FRC).  

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

15,943,758   

3,389,025   

23,099,610 

2,040,129 

12,554,733   

21,059,481 

(37) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The fair value associated with the options issued was calculated using the Black-Scholes model for options 

The following table summarizes the shares used in calculating earnings (loss) per share:  

valuation, assuming volatility of 90% on the underlying units, a risk free interest rate ranging from 1.44% 

to 2.9% depending on the date the options were granted and a forfeiture rate of nil based on the 

composition of the option holders. Share prices for the calculation were the closing price on the CNSX on 

the date of issue of the options. The Company has assumed the options will be exercised at the end of the 

term of the option. 

Being a newly listed entity, the Company considered its historical share price over the last twenty months. 

However, given the lack of sufficient information on historical volatility, it also considered historical 

volatility of similar entities following a comparable period in their lives. 

The approximate impact of an increase of 10% in the volatility assumption would decrease net income of 

the Company by $103,000. The approximate impact of a decrease of 10% in the volatility assumption 

would increase net income of the Company by $115,000. 

The following options were issued, outstanding and exercisable at December 31: 

Number outstanding 

Weighted average 

remaining life 

(years) 

Weighted 

average exercise 

price 

$ 

Weighted 

average at grant 

date 

400,000 

200,000 

722,000 

150,000 

120,000 

190,000 

1,782,000 

600,000 

772,000 

175,000 

150,000 

1,697,000 

Number outstanding 

Weighted average 

remaining life 

(years) 

Weighted 

average exercise 

Weighted 

average at grant 

date 

Options outstanding 2011 

6.50 

8.25 

3.33 

3.67 

3.92 

4.33 

3.84 

8.08 

4.33 

4.67 

4.92 

5.70 

1.64 

1.90 

4.20 

4.77 

4.25 

4.00 

3.40 

price 

$ 

1.64 

4.20 

4.77 

4.25 

3.36 

1.78 

1.78 

4.04 

4.70 

4.14 

4.00 

3.35 

1.78 

4.04 

4.70 

4.14 

3.32 

(36) 

Weighted average number of shares - basic 
Effect of dilutive stock options 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

34,143,352   
1,738,913   

23,902,851 
1,101,214 

Weighted average number of shares - diluted 

35,882,265   

25,004,065 

Basic earnings (loss) per share are derived by dividing net income (loss) for the year by the weighted 
average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The effect of potentially dilutive securities 
is excluded if they are anti-dilutive. 

There have been no significant capital transactions from the reporting date to the date of this filing which 
have had a material impact on earnings per share.  

Options outstanding 2012 

16  Management of capital structure 

The Company’s objective when managing capital is to ensure the Company is capitalized in a manner which 
provides a strong financial position for its shareholders. 

The Company’s capital structure includes equity and working capital. In managing its capital structure, the 
Company considers future investment and acquisition opportunities, potential credit available and potential 
issuances of new equity. The Company’s objective is to maintain a flexible capital structure that will allow it to 
execute its stated business. Upon acquiring investment properties and operating businesses, the Company will 
strive to balance its proportion of debt and equity within its capital structure in accordance with the needs of 
the continuing business. The Company may, from time to time, issue shares and adjust its spending to manage 
current and projected proportions as deemed appropriate. 

The method used by the Company to monitor its capital is based on an assessment of the Company’s working 
capital position relative to its projected obligations. At December 31, 2012, the Company’s working capital was 
$12,554,733 (2011 - $21,059,481) and the Company had no debt. 

Current assets 
Current liabilities 

Working capital 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

15,943,758   
3,389,025   

23,099,610 
2,040,129 

12,554,733   

21,059,481 

The Company’s Mongolian insurance operations, Mandal General Insurance LLC, (Mandal) are regulated by 
the Mongolian insurance regulator, the Financial Regulatory Commission (FRC).  

(37) 

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Mandal’s objectives when managing capital are (i) to comply with capital requirements set by the Mongolian 
laws and FRC, and (ii) to safeguard Mandal’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

Insurance companies in Mongolia are subject to the following capital regulatory requirements prescribed by 
FRC: 

  Compliance with the requirements to the minimal share capital set by FRC Order No.153 of June 25, 2009 

“Order on approving minimum share capital requirement of general insurance company”; 

  Compliance with the requirements to the composition and structure of the assets as set by FRC Order 
No. 170 dating June 16, 2010 “Order on approving revised regulation on the requirement of capital 
allocation and investment of general insurance company”. 

Compliance with the above ratios is monitored by the Company on a quarterly basis with issuance of reports 
outlining their calculation reviewed and signed by the Chief Executive Officer of Mandal and submitted to FRC. 
As at December 31, 2012, Mandal complied with all aforementioned capital requirements. 

Mandal’s share capital amount of $4,512,252 (2011 - $4,628,000) was above the regulatory minimum of 
$1,445,536 in accordance with the minimum set by FRC. 

17  Insurance and financial risk management 

The Board of Directors ensures that management has put appropriate risk management processes in place. 
Through the Audit Committee, the Board oversees such risk management procedures and controls. 
Management provides updates to the Audit Committee on a quarterly basis with respect to risk management. 

The principal risk the Company faces under insurance contracts is that actual claims or the timing thereof differ 
from expectations. This is influenced by the frequency of claims, severity of claims and subsequent development 
of long-term claims. Therefore the objective of the Company is to ensure sufficient reserves are available to 
cover these claims.  

underwriting rules. 

exposure.  

Insurance risk management 

The Company principally issues the following types of property and casualty contracts: motor insurance, 
including voluntary motor-third party liability, property, accident and liability insurance. 

The most significant risks that the Company must manage with respect to unpaid claims and other financial 
instruments are product and pricing, underwriting and liability, claim settlement, catastrophe and reinsurance, 
credit, market and liquidity risks. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Product and pricing risk 

Product and pricing risk is the risk of financial loss from entering into insurance contracts when the liabilities 

assumed exceed the expectation reflected in the pricing of the insurance product. The Company prices its 

products by taking into account several factors including claims frequency, severity trends, product line expense 

ratios, special risk factors, capital requirements and investment income. These factors are reviewed and 

adjusted as needed on a regular basis to ensure they are reflective of current trends and market climate.  

In some instances, the Company may choose to adjust prices to below what it feels is acceptable in order to 

maintain a competitive position. However, the Company attempts to maintain a pricing level that ensures it is 

able to produce an acceptable return. 

Underwriting and liability risk 

Underwriting and liability risk is the exposure to financial loss resulting from the selection and approval of risks 

to be insured, the retention and transfer of risks, the reserving and adjudication of claims, and the management 

of contractual and non-contractual product options. 

The Company has specific underwriting guidelines for declining to issue, terminating, or refusing to renew a 

contract for each line of business. The underwriting guidelines for risk eligibility are developed in cooperation 

between the Risk Management Committee, MGG corporate management team and underwriting staff and the 

underwriting department. These guidelines must be developed in consideration of jurisdictional underwriting 

rules and comply with evolving jurisdictional regulation on restricted criteria. The Company considers stability, 

fairness and the expectations of its existing and potential policyholders when making deliberate changes to its 

The Company establishes a guideline that is utilized to ensure that the limits of insurance for a particular risk 

do not exceed the Company’s net retention or maximum written limits and the proper approval authority for 

the risk is obtained. Net retention is the maximum amount of insurance the Company will retain on a single 

Possible accumulation of large claims in such lines as property insurance, liability insurance and others is the 

major factor that could have a significant impact on the Company’s financial cash flows and performance 

indicators. Based on this, the Company chooses a risk management policy and reinsurance protection 

management policy, so as to minimize the impact of this factor. 

The above risk exposure is mitigated by diversification across a portfolio of insurance. All risks insured relate to 

Mongolian customers.  

Identification and responding to insurance operation risk is the responsibility of the Chief Risk Officer (CRO). 

The CRO has annual objectives and an annual plan agreed with the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. This 

includes risk management activities on insurance underwriting, claim processing, IT infrastructure, re-

insurance activities, and overall risk management activities of Mandal. 

68

(38) 

(39) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Mandal’s objectives when managing capital are (i) to comply with capital requirements set by the Mongolian 

Product and pricing risk 

laws and FRC, and (ii) to safeguard Mandal’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

Insurance companies in Mongolia are subject to the following capital regulatory requirements prescribed by 

FRC: 

  Compliance with the requirements to the minimal share capital set by FRC Order No.153 of June 25, 2009 

“Order on approving minimum share capital requirement of general insurance company”; 

  Compliance with the requirements to the composition and structure of the assets as set by FRC Order 

No. 170 dating June 16, 2010 “Order on approving revised regulation on the requirement of capital 

allocation and investment of general insurance company”. 

Compliance with the above ratios is monitored by the Company on a quarterly basis with issuance of reports 

outlining their calculation reviewed and signed by the Chief Executive Officer of Mandal and submitted to FRC. 

As at December 31, 2012, Mandal complied with all aforementioned capital requirements. 

Mandal’s share capital amount of $4,512,252 (2011 - $4,628,000) was above the regulatory minimum of 

$1,445,536 in accordance with the minimum set by FRC. 

17  Insurance and financial risk management 

The Board of Directors ensures that management has put appropriate risk management processes in place. 

Through the Audit Committee, the Board oversees such risk management procedures and controls. 

Management provides updates to the Audit Committee on a quarterly basis with respect to risk management. 

The principal risk the Company faces under insurance contracts is that actual claims or the timing thereof differ 

from expectations. This is influenced by the frequency of claims, severity of claims and subsequent development 

of long-term claims. Therefore the objective of the Company is to ensure sufficient reserves are available to 

cover these claims.  

Insurance risk management 

The Company principally issues the following types of property and casualty contracts: motor insurance, 

including voluntary motor-third party liability, property, accident and liability insurance. 

The most significant risks that the Company must manage with respect to unpaid claims and other financial 

instruments are product and pricing, underwriting and liability, claim settlement, catastrophe and reinsurance, 

credit, market and liquidity risks. 

Product and pricing risk is the risk of financial loss from entering into insurance contracts when the liabilities 
assumed exceed the expectation reflected in the pricing of the insurance product. The Company prices its 
products by taking into account several factors including claims frequency, severity trends, product line expense 
ratios, special risk factors, capital requirements and investment income. These factors are reviewed and 
adjusted as needed on a regular basis to ensure they are reflective of current trends and market climate.  

In some instances, the Company may choose to adjust prices to below what it feels is acceptable in order to 
maintain a competitive position. However, the Company attempts to maintain a pricing level that ensures it is 
able to produce an acceptable return. 

Underwriting and liability risk 

Underwriting and liability risk is the exposure to financial loss resulting from the selection and approval of risks 
to be insured, the retention and transfer of risks, the reserving and adjudication of claims, and the management 
of contractual and non-contractual product options. 

The Company has specific underwriting guidelines for declining to issue, terminating, or refusing to renew a 
contract for each line of business. The underwriting guidelines for risk eligibility are developed in cooperation 
between the Risk Management Committee, MGG corporate management team and underwriting staff and the 
underwriting department. These guidelines must be developed in consideration of jurisdictional underwriting 
rules and comply with evolving jurisdictional regulation on restricted criteria. The Company considers stability, 
fairness and the expectations of its existing and potential policyholders when making deliberate changes to its 
underwriting rules. 

The Company establishes a guideline that is utilized to ensure that the limits of insurance for a particular risk 
do not exceed the Company’s net retention or maximum written limits and the proper approval authority for 
the risk is obtained. Net retention is the maximum amount of insurance the Company will retain on a single 
exposure.  

Possible accumulation of large claims in such lines as property insurance, liability insurance and others is the 
major factor that could have a significant impact on the Company’s financial cash flows and performance 
indicators. Based on this, the Company chooses a risk management policy and reinsurance protection 
management policy, so as to minimize the impact of this factor. 

The above risk exposure is mitigated by diversification across a portfolio of insurance. All risks insured relate to 
Mongolian customers.  

Identification and responding to insurance operation risk is the responsibility of the Chief Risk Officer (CRO). 
The CRO has annual objectives and an annual plan agreed with the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. This 
includes risk management activities on insurance underwriting, claim processing, IT infrastructure, re-
insurance activities, and overall risk management activities of Mandal. 

(38) 

(39) 

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Mandal has approved policies on policy underwritings, claim processing, actuarial activity, reinsurance 
activities, and operation of a Risk Management Committee. These policies define the procedures and approval 
limits for policy underwriting and claim activities for Mandal. 

The Risk Management Committee is responsible for analyzing tariffs and conditions of policies, loss ratios, 
reinsurance and profitability assessment, as well as making decisions on claims. The meetings of the Risk 
Management Committee are held on a regular basis. The activities of this Committee are overseen and 
approved by the Board of Directors, which is responsible for making final decisions on introduction of new 
insurance products, approving Mandal’s policies and procedures and dealing with strategic or other significant 
issues facing the Mandal. All significant transactions exposing Mandal to insurance risk are monitored by the 
Board of Directors. All insurance policies with risk above MNT 5 billion need to be approved by the Board of 
Directors. Mandal has defined limits for signing insurance contracts in order to ensure identification and 
monitoring of significant exposures. All insurance contracts are signed by the Company’s CEO. 

70

(40) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Mandal has approved policies on policy underwritings, claim processing, actuarial activity, reinsurance 

activities, and operation of a Risk Management Committee. These policies define the procedures and approval 

limits for policy underwriting and claim activities for Mandal. 

The Risk Management Committee is responsible for analyzing tariffs and conditions of policies, loss ratios, 

reinsurance and profitability assessment, as well as making decisions on claims. The meetings of the Risk 

Management Committee are held on a regular basis. The activities of this Committee are overseen and 

approved by the Board of Directors, which is responsible for making final decisions on introduction of new 

insurance products, approving Mandal’s policies and procedures and dealing with strategic or other significant 

issues facing the Mandal. All significant transactions exposing Mandal to insurance risk are monitored by the 

Board of Directors. All insurance policies with risk above MNT 5 billion need to be approved by the Board of 

Directors. Mandal has defined limits for signing insurance contracts in order to ensure identification and 

monitoring of significant exposures. All insurance contracts are signed by the Company’s CEO. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Claim settlement 

Under an insurance agreement, the insured party must notify the insurance company of a loss incurred within a 

clearly defined time period, limited to three days, as stated in most of Mandal’s insurance contracts and/or 

policies. This relatively short time limit represents a common practice in the Mongolian insurance market. 

Claims settlement processes are carried out in accordance with Mandal’s claims policy. Mandal has a special 

subdivision, which is responsible for claims settlement. This subdivision collects all necessary information 

about accidents (i.e. loss occurring events), performs registration of claims, evaluates possible exposure and 

proceeds with disbursement of claims within determined limits. Insurance claims are paid only upon provision 

to Mandal of all necessary documents supporting occurrence of an insurance event. The claims settlement 

subdivision is also responsible for raising subrogation claims, preparation of reports on claims paid and claims 

reported, which are submitted to insurance managers. 

Mandal has clearly defined limits related to claims approval and settlement process. 

When a loss is claimed, Mandal notifies the relevant reinsurer on the loss claimed, if the insurance agreement 

was reinsured. Once Mandal pays the claim, it sends the payment documents to the reinsurer. 

Mandal has reinsurance in force during the year to cede 100% of the risks associated with the accident medical 

and travel product line. 

Claims development 

end of each valuation year. 

Catastrophe risk 

The following table shows the estimate of cumulative incurred claims, including both claims notified and IBNR 

for each successive accident year at the statement of financial position date, together with cumulative payments 

to date. The Company has elected to present its claims development on an accident year basis as this is 

consistent with how the business is managed. The Company has elected to translate claims payments using the 

average rate for the month in which they are paid, and estimated claims at the rate of exchange applicable at the 

During fiscal 2011, the Company did not have insurance coverage related to its investment property portfolio or 

its buildings classified as own-use and recorded in property and equipment. On March 3, 2012, the Company, 

through its insurance subsidiary, has obtained insurance on building and all permanent fixtures totalling 

approximately $25,000,000. Subsequent to issuing this policy, the Company’s insurance subsidiary obtained a 

reinsurance agreement to cede 99% of the risk to Hannover Rc (90%) and People’s Insurance Company of 

China (9%) related to this coverage, and updated the policy to include all investment properties which were 

acquired in 2012. 

(43) 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Claim settlement 

Under an insurance agreement, the insured party must notify the insurance company of a loss incurred within a 
clearly defined time period, limited to three days, as stated in most of Mandal’s insurance contracts and/or 
policies. This relatively short time limit represents a common practice in the Mongolian insurance market. 

Claims settlement processes are carried out in accordance with Mandal’s claims policy. Mandal has a special 
subdivision, which is responsible for claims settlement. This subdivision collects all necessary information 
about accidents (i.e. loss occurring events), performs registration of claims, evaluates possible exposure and 
proceeds with disbursement of claims within determined limits. Insurance claims are paid only upon provision 
to Mandal of all necessary documents supporting occurrence of an insurance event. The claims settlement 
subdivision is also responsible for raising subrogation claims, preparation of reports on claims paid and claims 
reported, which are submitted to insurance managers. 

Mandal has clearly defined limits related to claims approval and settlement process. 

When a loss is claimed, Mandal notifies the relevant reinsurer on the loss claimed, if the insurance agreement 
was reinsured. Once Mandal pays the claim, it sends the payment documents to the reinsurer. 

Mandal has reinsurance in force during the year to cede 100% of the risks associated with the accident medical 
and travel product line. 

Claims development 

The following table shows the estimate of cumulative incurred claims, including both claims notified and IBNR 
for each successive accident year at the statement of financial position date, together with cumulative payments 
to date. The Company has elected to present its claims development on an accident year basis as this is 
consistent with how the business is managed. The Company has elected to translate claims payments using the 
average rate for the month in which they are paid, and estimated claims at the rate of exchange applicable at the 
end of each valuation year. 

Catastrophe risk 

During fiscal 2011, the Company did not have insurance coverage related to its investment property portfolio or 
its buildings classified as own-use and recorded in property and equipment. On March 3, 2012, the Company, 
through its insurance subsidiary, has obtained insurance on building and all permanent fixtures totalling 
approximately $25,000,000. Subsequent to issuing this policy, the Company’s insurance subsidiary obtained a 
reinsurance agreement to cede 99% of the risk to Hannover Rc (90%) and People’s Insurance Company of 
China (9%) related to this coverage, and updated the policy to include all investment properties which were 
acquired in 2012. 

(43) 

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Credit risk  

Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected financial loss to the Company if a third party fails to fulfill its 
performance obligations under the terms of a financial instrument. The Company’s credit risk arises principally 
from the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, investments and marketable securities and accounts receivable.  

The following table summarizes the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk on the consolidated statement 
of financial position. The maximum credit exposure is the carrying value of the asset, net of any allowances for 
loss. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Investments and marketable securities 
Amounts due from policyholders 
Accounts receivable 
Reinsurance assets 

2012 
$ 

8,702,253   
3,992,547   
222,011   
255,628   
684,285   

2011 
$ 

20,078,948 
4,016,761 
197,550 
94,539 
7,760 

Maximum credit risk exposure on the consolidated statement of 

financial position 

13,856,724   

24,395,558 

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is managed through risk management policies and procedures with 
emphasis on the quality of the investment portfolio. For the year, most of the Company’s investments consisted 
of institutional deposits. The majority of the funds invested are held in reputable Barbadian, Canadian or 
Mongolian banks. The Company is in the early stages of development and is continually improving its policies 
regarding monitoring its credit risk. 

The Company is exposed to credit risk as an owner of real estate in that tenants may become unable to pay the 
contracted rents. The Company mitigates this risk by carrying out appropriate credit checks and related due 
diligence on the significant tenants. The Company’s properties are diversified across residential and commercial 
classes. 

Amounts due from policy holders are short-term in nature and are not subject to material credit risk. 

Liquidity risk  

Liquidity risk is the risk of having insufficient cash resources to meet financial obligations without raising funds 
at unfavourable rates or selling assets on a forced basis. Liquidity risk arises from the general business activities 
and in the course of managing the assets and liabilities. The purpose of liquidity management is to ensure that 
there is sufficient cash to meet all financial commitments and obligations as they fall due. The liquidity 
requirements of the Company’s business are met primarily by funds generated from operations, liquid 
investments and income and other returns received on investments. Cash provided from these sources is used 
primarily for claims and claim adjustment expense payments and investment property operating expenses. The 
timing and amount of catastrophe claims are inherently unpredictable and may create increased liquidity 
requirements. 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

As at December 31, 2012, the Company does not believe the current maturity profile of the Company lends itself 

to any material liquidity risk, taking into account the level of cash and cash equivalents, investments and 

marketable securities as at December 31, 2012. The Company does not have material liabilities that can be 

called unexpectedly at the demand of a client. 

The following table summarizes the undiscounted cash flows of financial assets and liabilities by contractual or 

expected maturity: 

December 31, 2012 

One year or 

One to two 

No maturity 

less 

$ 

years 

$ 

date 

$ 

Financial Assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Receivables  

Reinsurance assets 

Investments 

Financial Liabilities 

Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

Insurance contract liabilities 

Financial Assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Receivables  

Reinsurance assets 

Investments 

Financial Liabilities 

Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

Insurance contract liabilities 

8,702,253 

255,628 

684,285 

3,992,547 

13,634,713 

996,314 

2,300,604 

3,296,918 

20,078,948 

94,539 

7,760 

2,569,778 

859,213 

361,820 

1,221,033 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

December 31, 2011 

One year or 

One to two 

No maturity 

less 

$ 

years 

$ 

date 

$ 

1,446,983 

22,751,025 

1,446,983 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

74

(44) 

(45) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Credit risk  

Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected financial loss to the Company if a third party fails to fulfill its 

performance obligations under the terms of a financial instrument. The Company’s credit risk arises principally 

from the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, investments and marketable securities and accounts receivable.  

The following table summarizes the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk on the consolidated statement 

of financial position. The maximum credit exposure is the carrying value of the asset, net of any allowances for 

loss. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Investments and marketable securities 

Amounts due from policyholders 

Accounts receivable 

Reinsurance assets 

2012 

$ 

8,702,253   

3,992,547   

222,011   

255,628   

684,285   

2011 

$ 

20,078,948 

4,016,761 

197,550 

94,539 

7,760 

Maximum credit risk exposure on the consolidated statement of 

financial position 

13,856,724   

24,395,558 

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is managed through risk management policies and procedures with 

emphasis on the quality of the investment portfolio. For the year, most of the Company’s investments consisted 

of institutional deposits. The majority of the funds invested are held in reputable Barbadian, Canadian or 

Mongolian banks. The Company is in the early stages of development and is continually improving its policies 

regarding monitoring its credit risk. 

The Company is exposed to credit risk as an owner of real estate in that tenants may become unable to pay the 

contracted rents. The Company mitigates this risk by carrying out appropriate credit checks and related due 

diligence on the significant tenants. The Company’s properties are diversified across residential and commercial 

Amounts due from policy holders are short-term in nature and are not subject to material credit risk. 

classes. 

Liquidity risk  

Liquidity risk is the risk of having insufficient cash resources to meet financial obligations without raising funds 

at unfavourable rates or selling assets on a forced basis. Liquidity risk arises from the general business activities 

and in the course of managing the assets and liabilities. The purpose of liquidity management is to ensure that 

there is sufficient cash to meet all financial commitments and obligations as they fall due. The liquidity 

requirements of the Company’s business are met primarily by funds generated from operations, liquid 

investments and income and other returns received on investments. Cash provided from these sources is used 

primarily for claims and claim adjustment expense payments and investment property operating expenses. The 

timing and amount of catastrophe claims are inherently unpredictable and may create increased liquidity 

requirements. 

(44) 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

As at December 31, 2012, the Company does not believe the current maturity profile of the Company lends itself 
to any material liquidity risk, taking into account the level of cash and cash equivalents, investments and 
marketable securities as at December 31, 2012. The Company does not have material liabilities that can be 
called unexpectedly at the demand of a client. 

The following table summarizes the undiscounted cash flows of financial assets and liabilities by contractual or 
expected maturity: 

Financial Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Receivables  
Reinsurance assets 
Investments 

Financial Liabilities 
Trade payables and accrued liabilities 
Insurance contract liabilities 

December 31, 2012 

One year or 
less 
$ 

One to two 
years 
$ 

No maturity 
date 
$ 

8,702,253 
255,628 
684,285 
3,992,547 

13,634,713 

996,314 
2,300,604 

3,296,918 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

December 31, 2011 

One year or 
less 
$ 

One to two 
years 
$ 

No maturity 
date 
$ 

Financial Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Receivables  
Reinsurance assets 
Investments 

Financial Liabilities 
Trade payables and accrued liabilities 
Insurance contract liabilities 

20,078,948 
94,539 
7,760 
2,569,778 

- 
- 
- 
1,446,983 

22,751,025 

1,446,983 

859,213 
361,820 

1,221,033 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(45) 

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Market risk 

Market risk includes interest rate risk, currency risk and equity risk. 

i) 

Interest rate risk  

Interest rate risk is the potential for financial loss arising from changes in interest rates. Changes in 
interest rate levels generally impact the financial results to the extent that reinvestment yields are 
different than the original yields on fixed income securities. Changes in interest rates will affect the 
fair value of the fixed income securities. During periods of rising interest rates, the market value of the 
existing fixed income securities will generally decrease. During periods of declining interest rates the 
opposite is true. For investments classified as AFS, these increases and decreases in fixed income 
securities will result in corresponding increases and decreases in OCI until the securities are sold and 
any gain or loss is realized or the securities are written down to reflect an impairment loss. The 
primary technique for measuring interest rate risk related to fixed income securities is duration 
analysis. 

The approximate impact of an increase of 100 basis points in interest rates would increase the net 
income of the Company by $39,925 (2011 - $40,167). The approximate impact of a decrease of 100 
basis points in interest rates would decrease net income of the Company by $39,925 (2011 - $40,167). 

Changes in interest rates also have an impact on the rate used to discount insurance contract 
liabilities. Consequently, changes in interest rates will affect the carrying value of the insurance 
contract liabilities. During periods of rising interest rates, the carrying value of insurance contract 
liabilities will generally decrease and profit will increase. During periods of declining interest rates the 
opposite is true. A change of 100 basis in interest rates points up or down would not have a material 
impact on the carrying value of insurance contract liabilities. 

ii)  Currency risk  

Currency risk represents the risk that the Company incurs losses due to exposure to foreign currency 
fluctuations. The Company owns properties located in Mongolia and marketable securities in 
Mongolia and Barbados, and is therefore subject to foreign currency fluctuations that may impact its 
financial position and results. Changes in the Mongolian Tögrög and U.S. to Canadian dollar foreign 
currency exchange rate impact the fair value of securities denominated in Mongolian Tögrög and in 
U.S. dollars. The Mongolian operations hold their investments in Mongolian Tögrög denominated 
securities and the Canadian operations hold securities denominated in Canadian and U.S. dollars.  

The approximate impact of an increase of 10% in the Mongolian Tögrög against the Canadian dollar 
would increase the OCI of the Company by $4,633,059 (2011 - $3,581,255). The approximate impact 
of a decrease of 10% in the Mongolian Tögrög against the Canadian dollar would decrease OCI of the 
Company by $4,633,059 (2011 - $3,581,255).  

The approximate impact of an increase of 10% in the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar would 
increase net income of the Company by $87,994 (2011 - $367,962). 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

iii)  Other price risk 

Other price risk market fluctuation risk is where fluctuations in the value of equity securities affect the 

level and timing of recognition of gains and losses on securities held, and cause changes in realized 

and unrealized gains and losses. As the Company does not have any equity investments, it does not 

have any exposure to equity risk. 

Economic risk 

Mongolian tax, currency and customs legislation is subject to varying interpretations, and changes, which can 

occur frequently. Management’s interpretation of such legislation as applied to the transactions and activity of 

the Company may be challenged by tax authorities.  

Mongolian tax authorities may be taking a more assertive position in their interpretation of the legislation and 

assessments, and it is possible that transactions and activities that have not been challenged in the past may be 

challenged by tax authorities. As a result, significant additional taxes, penalties and interest may be assessed. 

Fiscal periods remain open to review by the authorities in respect of taxes for five calendar years preceding the 

year of review. Under certain circumstances reviews may cover longer periods. 

Mongolian tax legislation does not provide definitive guidance in certain areas, specifically in areas such as 

Value added tax (VAT), corporate income tax, personal income tax and other areas. From time to time, the 

Company adopts interpretations of such uncertain areas that reduce the overall tax rate of the Company. As 

noted above, such tax positions may come under heightened scrutiny as a result of recent developments in 

administrative and court practices. The impact of any challenge by the tax authorities cannot be reliably 

estimated; however, it may be significant to the financial position and/or the overall operations of the entity.  

The Company’s management believes that its interpretation of the relevant legislation is appropriate and the 

Company’s tax positions will be sustained. Management believes that tax risks are remote at present.  

Management performs regular re-assessments of tax risk and its position may change in the future as a result of 

the change in conditions that cannot be anticipated with sufficient certainty at present. 

18  Related party transactions 

Parties are generally considered to be related if the parties are under common control or if one party has the 

ability to control the other party or can exercise significant influence or joint control over the other party in 

making financial and operational decisions. In considering each possible related party relationship, attention is 

directed to the substance of the relationship, not merely the legal form.  

76

(46) 

(47) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Market risk 

Market risk includes interest rate risk, currency risk and equity risk. 

i) 

Interest rate risk  

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

iii)  Other price risk 

Other price risk market fluctuation risk is where fluctuations in the value of equity securities affect the 
level and timing of recognition of gains and losses on securities held, and cause changes in realized 
and unrealized gains and losses. As the Company does not have any equity investments, it does not 
have any exposure to equity risk. 

Interest rate risk is the potential for financial loss arising from changes in interest rates. Changes in 

interest rate levels generally impact the financial results to the extent that reinvestment yields are 

Economic risk 

different than the original yields on fixed income securities. Changes in interest rates will affect the 

fair value of the fixed income securities. During periods of rising interest rates, the market value of the 

existing fixed income securities will generally decrease. During periods of declining interest rates the 

opposite is true. For investments classified as AFS, these increases and decreases in fixed income 

securities will result in corresponding increases and decreases in OCI until the securities are sold and 

any gain or loss is realized or the securities are written down to reflect an impairment loss. The 

primary technique for measuring interest rate risk related to fixed income securities is duration 

analysis. 

The approximate impact of an increase of 100 basis points in interest rates would increase the net 

income of the Company by $39,925 (2011 - $40,167). The approximate impact of a decrease of 100 

basis points in interest rates would decrease net income of the Company by $39,925 (2011 - $40,167). 

Changes in interest rates also have an impact on the rate used to discount insurance contract 

liabilities. Consequently, changes in interest rates will affect the carrying value of the insurance 

contract liabilities. During periods of rising interest rates, the carrying value of insurance contract 

liabilities will generally decrease and profit will increase. During periods of declining interest rates the 

opposite is true. A change of 100 basis in interest rates points up or down would not have a material 

impact on the carrying value of insurance contract liabilities. 

ii)  Currency risk  

Currency risk represents the risk that the Company incurs losses due to exposure to foreign currency 

fluctuations. The Company owns properties located in Mongolia and marketable securities in 

Mongolia and Barbados, and is therefore subject to foreign currency fluctuations that may impact its 

financial position and results. Changes in the Mongolian Tögrög and U.S. to Canadian dollar foreign 

currency exchange rate impact the fair value of securities denominated in Mongolian Tögrög and in 

U.S. dollars. The Mongolian operations hold their investments in Mongolian Tögrög denominated 

securities and the Canadian operations hold securities denominated in Canadian and U.S. dollars.  

The approximate impact of an increase of 10% in the Mongolian Tögrög against the Canadian dollar 

would increase the OCI of the Company by $4,633,059 (2011 - $3,581,255). The approximate impact 

of a decrease of 10% in the Mongolian Tögrög against the Canadian dollar would decrease OCI of the 

Company by $4,633,059 (2011 - $3,581,255).  

The approximate impact of an increase of 10% in the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar would 

increase net income of the Company by $87,994 (2011 - $367,962). 

Mongolian tax, currency and customs legislation is subject to varying interpretations, and changes, which can 
occur frequently. Management’s interpretation of such legislation as applied to the transactions and activity of 
the Company may be challenged by tax authorities.  

Mongolian tax authorities may be taking a more assertive position in their interpretation of the legislation and 
assessments, and it is possible that transactions and activities that have not been challenged in the past may be 
challenged by tax authorities. As a result, significant additional taxes, penalties and interest may be assessed. 
Fiscal periods remain open to review by the authorities in respect of taxes for five calendar years preceding the 
year of review. Under certain circumstances reviews may cover longer periods. 

Mongolian tax legislation does not provide definitive guidance in certain areas, specifically in areas such as 
Value added tax (VAT), corporate income tax, personal income tax and other areas. From time to time, the 
Company adopts interpretations of such uncertain areas that reduce the overall tax rate of the Company. As 
noted above, such tax positions may come under heightened scrutiny as a result of recent developments in 
administrative and court practices. The impact of any challenge by the tax authorities cannot be reliably 
estimated; however, it may be significant to the financial position and/or the overall operations of the entity.  

The Company’s management believes that its interpretation of the relevant legislation is appropriate and the 
Company’s tax positions will be sustained. Management believes that tax risks are remote at present.  

Management performs regular re-assessments of tax risk and its position may change in the future as a result of 
the change in conditions that cannot be anticipated with sufficient certainty at present. 

18  Related party transactions 

Parties are generally considered to be related if the parties are under common control or if one party has the 
ability to control the other party or can exercise significant influence or joint control over the other party in 
making financial and operational decisions. In considering each possible related party relationship, attention is 
directed to the substance of the relationship, not merely the legal form.  

(46) 

(47) 

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Summary of significant transactions with related parties for the year ended December 31, 2012 are presented 
below: 

The Company’s Mongolian insurance operation, Mandal General Insurance LLC, was not in compliance with 

the solvency limit set by FRC Order No. 211 as of December 31, 2011. 

Borrowing obtained from and paid back to related parties - 

Praetorian Capital Management LLC 
Payment of rental expense - UMC Holding LLC 

2012 
$ 

-   
-   

-   

2011 
$ 

137,330 
29,100 

166,430 

The deficit under this regulation for the solvency limit was approximately $483,000. As per Mongolian 

legislation, FRC had the right to take any corrective actions when an insurance company is not complying with 

the regulations including imposing a fine or even cancelling the insurance license. During fiscal 2012, the 

solvency limit under this regulation has since been adjusted and Mandal General Insurance LLC is in full 

compliance with the regulation as of December 31, 2012. 

20  Supplementary cash flow information 

Praetorian Capital Management LLC (“Praetorian”) is a company controlled by the Company’s CEO. 

Praetorian paid the initial start-up and formation expenses of MGG and its subsidiaries. These expenses were 
reimbursed to Praetorian without interest. 

The Company has paid rental payments to UMC Holding LLC which is owned by a director of one of the 
Company’s subsidiaries. 

Key management personnel of the Company include all directors and executive management. The summary of 
compensation for key management personnel is as follows: 

Changes in non-working capital arising from 

Other assets 

Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

Reinsurance assets 

Deferred acquisition expense 

Income tax payable 

Insurance contract liabilities 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

(3,138,778)   

151,262   

(691,198)  

(80,066)   

(33,102)   

1,989,745   

(409,303) 

849,536 

(7,760) 

(15,175) 

819,096 

361,820 

Changes in non-cash working capital from operating activities  

(1,802,137)   

1,598,214 

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits 
Share-based payments 

19  Contingent liabilities 

2012 
$ 

125,229   
456,717   

2011 
$ 

44,015 
267,452 

21  Segment information 

581,946   

311,467 

decisions and evaluating performance. 

The Company’s operations are conducted in three reportable segments as Investment Property Operations, 

Insurance Operations and Corporate. The Company reports information about its operating segments based on 

the way management organizes and reports the segments within the organization for making operating 

From time to time and in the normal course of business, claims against the Company may be received. On the 
basis of management’s assessments and professional legal advice, management is of the opinion that no 
material losses will be incurred and no provision or disclosure has been made in these consolidated financial 
statements. 

The Company indemnifies its directors and officers against any and all claims or losses reasonably incurred in 
the performance of their service to the Company to the extent permitted by law. 

Corporate administers financial resources and the corporate investment portfolio and is comprised of 

investment income, corporate costs and other activities not specific to other reportable segments and is shown 

The Company is also subject to litigation arising in the normal course of conducting its insurance business. The 
Company is of the opinion that this litigation will not have a significant effect on the financial position, financial 
performance or cash flows of the Company. 

separately. 

Investment Property operations consist of commercial and residential investment property in Mongolia held for 

the purposes of rental revenue, capital appreciation or both. These properties are managed by Big Sky Capital 

LLC and its subsidiaries. 

Insurance Operations includes general property and casualty insurance products in Mongolia. Insurance 

underwriting and claims handling functions are administered through Mandal General Insurance LLC. 

78

(48) 

(49) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Summary of significant transactions with related parties for the year ended December 31, 2012 are presented 

below: 

The Company’s Mongolian insurance operation, Mandal General Insurance LLC, was not in compliance with 
the solvency limit set by FRC Order No. 211 as of December 31, 2011. 

Borrowing obtained from and paid back to related parties - 

Praetorian Capital Management LLC 

Payment of rental expense - UMC Holding LLC 

2012 

$ 

-   

-   

-   

2011 

$ 

137,330 

29,100 

166,430 

The deficit under this regulation for the solvency limit was approximately $483,000. As per Mongolian 
legislation, FRC had the right to take any corrective actions when an insurance company is not complying with 
the regulations including imposing a fine or even cancelling the insurance license. During fiscal 2012, the 
solvency limit under this regulation has since been adjusted and Mandal General Insurance LLC is in full 
compliance with the regulation as of December 31, 2012. 

20  Supplementary cash flow information 

Praetorian Capital Management LLC (“Praetorian”) is a company controlled by the Company’s CEO. 

Praetorian paid the initial start-up and formation expenses of MGG and its subsidiaries. These expenses were 

reimbursed to Praetorian without interest. 

The Company has paid rental payments to UMC Holding LLC which is owned by a director of one of the 

Company’s subsidiaries. 

Key management personnel of the Company include all directors and executive management. The summary of 

compensation for key management personnel is as follows: 

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits 

Share-based payments 

19  Contingent liabilities 

2012 

$ 

125,229   

456,717   

2011 

$ 

44,015 

267,452 

581,946   

311,467 

From time to time and in the normal course of business, claims against the Company may be received. On the 

basis of management’s assessments and professional legal advice, management is of the opinion that no 

material losses will be incurred and no provision or disclosure has been made in these consolidated financial 

statements. 

The Company indemnifies its directors and officers against any and all claims or losses reasonably incurred in 

the performance of their service to the Company to the extent permitted by law. 

The Company is also subject to litigation arising in the normal course of conducting its insurance business. The 

Company is of the opinion that this litigation will not have a significant effect on the financial position, financial 

performance or cash flows of the Company. 

Changes in non-working capital arising from 

Other assets 
Trade payables and accrued liabilities 
Reinsurance assets 
Deferred acquisition expense 
Income tax payable 
Insurance contract liabilities 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

(3,138,778)   
151,262   
(691,198)  
(80,066)   
(33,102)   
1,989,745   

(409,303) 
849,536 
(7,760) 
(15,175) 
819,096 
361,820 

Changes in non-cash working capital from operating activities  

(1,802,137)   

1,598,214 

21  Segment information 

The Company’s operations are conducted in three reportable segments as Investment Property Operations, 
Insurance Operations and Corporate. The Company reports information about its operating segments based on 
the way management organizes and reports the segments within the organization for making operating 
decisions and evaluating performance. 

Investment Property operations consist of commercial and residential investment property in Mongolia held for 
the purposes of rental revenue, capital appreciation or both. These properties are managed by Big Sky Capital 
LLC and its subsidiaries. 

Insurance Operations includes general property and casualty insurance products in Mongolia. Insurance 
underwriting and claims handling functions are administered through Mandal General Insurance LLC. 

Corporate administers financial resources and the corporate investment portfolio and is comprised of 
investment income, corporate costs and other activities not specific to other reportable segments and is shown 
separately. 

(48) 

(49) 

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The Company evaluates performance based on net income (loss) before income taxes.  

Rental income 
Property operating expenses  
Unrealized losses on fair 
value adjustment on 
investment properties 

Net premiums earned 
Claims and insurance 
benefits incurred 
Share based payment 
Other expenses 
Depreciation 
Net investment income  
Gain on disposal of 

investment property 
Other revenue (expense) 

Investment 
Property 
$ 

1,572,603   
(987,407)  

(2,697,212)   
-   

-   
(643,857)  
(275,993)  
(127,417)  
282,114   

12,768   
(19,860)   

Insurance 
$ 

Corporate 
$ 

-   
-   

-   
-   

-   
(470,695)  
(1,610,224)   
(9,624)  
6,745   

-   
-   

-   
628,424   

(1,042,387)   
(253,168)  
(1,001,244)   
(33,849)   
574,454   

-   
43,759   

2012 

Total 
$ 

1,572,603 
(987,407) 

(2,697,212) 
628,424 

(1,042,387) 
(1,367,720) 
(2,887,461) 
(170,890) 
863,313 

-   
-   

12,768 
23,899 

Net loss before income taxes  

(2,884,261)   

(1,084,011)   

(2,083,798)   

(6,052,070) 

Investment 
Property 
$ 

495,242   
(637,507)  

5,740,919   
-   

-   
(290,800)  
(107,269)  
(31,106)   
32,796   
16,283   

Insurance 
$ 

Corporate 
$ 

-   
-   

-   
77,786   

(51,591)   
(1,087,493)   
(517,733)  
(11,744)   
247,470   
-   

-   
-   

-   
-   

-   
(420,310)  
(650,874)  
(2,907)  
(624,512)  
-   

2011 

Total 
$ 

495,242 
(637,507) 

5,740,919 
77,786 

(51,591) 
(1,798,603) 
(1,275,876) 
(45,757) 
(344,246) 
16,283 

5,218,558   

(1,343,305)   

(1,698,603)   

2,176,650 

(50) 

(51) 

Rental income 
Property operating expenses  
Unrealized gains on fair 

value adjustment on 
investment properties 

Net premiums earned 
Claims and insurance 
benefits incurred 
Share based payment 
Other expenses 
Depreciation 
Net investment income (loss)  
Other revenue  

Net income (loss) before 
income taxes 

80

2012 

Total 

$ 

2011 

Total 

$ 

Investment 

Property 

$ 

43,964,089   

4,337,876   

30,786,742   

Investment 

Property 

$ 

32,726,312   

4,451,542   

26,166,286   

Balance as of  

December 31, 2012: 

Total assets 

Property and equipment 

Investment properties 

Expenditures 

Property and 

equipment 

Investment properties 

Balance as of  

December 31, 2011: 

Total assets 

Property and equipment 

Investment properties 

Expenditures 

Property and 

equipment 

Investment properties 

Insurance 

Corporate 

$ 

$ 

5,758,399   

211,250   

-   

1,584,043   

26,905   

-   

51,306,531 

4,576,031 

30,786,742 

318,096   

6,896,289   

113,467   

-   

2,147   

-   

433,710 

6,896,289 

Insurance 

Corporate 

$ 

$ 

4,852,712   

138,086   

-   

17,757,865   

34,382   

-   

55,336,889 

4,624,010 

26,166,286 

4,479,040   

20,425,367  ` 

149,830   

-   

37,289   

-   

4,666,159 

20,425,367 

Revenue 

Property and 

equipment 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

2012 

$ 

2011 

$ 

Investment property 

2012 

2011 

$   

- 

$ 

- 

Canada 

Mongolia 

-   

-   

26,905   

34,382   

  2,237,694   

589,311    4,549,126    4,589,628    30,786,742    26,166,286 

  2,237,694   

589,311    4,576,031    4,624,010    30,786,742    26,166,286 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

The Company evaluates performance based on net income (loss) before income taxes.  

Balance as of  
December 31, 2012: 

Total assets 
Property and equipment 
Investment properties 
Expenditures 

Property and 

equipment 
Investment properties 

Balance as of  
December 31, 2011: 

Total assets 
Property and equipment 
Investment properties 
Expenditures 

Property and 

equipment 
Investment properties 

Investment 
Property 
$ 

43,964,089   
4,337,876   
30,786,742   

Insurance 
$ 

Corporate 
$ 

2012 

Total 
$ 

5,758,399   
211,250   
-   

1,584,043   
26,905   
-   

51,306,531 
4,576,031 
30,786,742 

318,096   
6,896,289   

113,467   
-   

2,147   
-   

433,710 
6,896,289 

Investment 
Property 
$ 

32,726,312   
4,451,542   
26,166,286   

Insurance 
$ 

Corporate 
$ 

2011 

Total 
$ 

4,852,712   
138,086   
-   

17,757,865   
34,382   
-   

55,336,889 
4,624,010 
26,166,286 

4,479,040   
20,425,367  ` 

149,830   
-   

37,289   
-   

4,666,159 
20,425,367 

Revenue 

Property and 
equipment 

Investment property 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

2012 
$ 

2011 
$ 

2012 

$   

2011 
$ 

Net loss before income taxes  

(2,884,261)   

(1,084,011)   

(2,083,798)   

(6,052,070) 

Investment 

Property 

$ 

1,572,603   

(987,407)  

(2,697,212)   

-   

-   

(643,857)  

(275,993)  

(127,417)  

282,114   

12,768   

(19,860)   

Investment 

Property 

$ 

495,242   

(637,507)  

5,740,919   

-   

-   

(290,800)  

(107,269)  

(31,106)   

32,796   

16,283   

Rental income 

Property operating expenses  

Unrealized losses on fair 

value adjustment on 

investment properties 

Net premiums earned 

Claims and insurance 

benefits incurred 

Share based payment 

Other expenses 

Depreciation 

Net investment income  

Gain on disposal of 

investment property 

Other revenue (expense) 

Rental income 

Property operating expenses  

Unrealized gains on fair 

value adjustment on 

investment properties 

Net premiums earned 

Claims and insurance 

benefits incurred 

Share based payment 

Other expenses 

Depreciation 

Net investment income (loss)  

Other revenue  

Net income (loss) before 

income taxes 

Insurance 

Corporate 

$ 

-   

-   

-   

628,424   

(1,042,387)   

(253,168)  

(1,001,244)   

(33,849)   

574,454   

-   

43,759   

$ 

-   

-   

-   

77,786   

(51,591)   

(1,087,493)   

(517,733)  

(11,744)   

247,470   

-   

(470,695)  

(1,610,224)   

(9,624)  

6,745   

$ 

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

$ 

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

(420,310)  

(650,874)  

(2,907)  

(624,512)  

-   

Insurance 

Corporate 

5,218,558   

(1,343,305)   

(1,698,603)   

2,176,650 

2012 

Total 

$ 

1,572,603 

(987,407) 

(2,697,212) 

628,424 

(1,042,387) 

(1,367,720) 

(2,887,461) 

(170,890) 

863,313 

12,768 

23,899 

2011 

Total 

$ 

495,242 

(637,507) 

5,740,919 

77,786 

(51,591) 

(1,798,603) 

(1,275,876) 

(45,757) 

(344,246) 

16,283 

(50) 

  2,237,694   

589,311    4,576,031    4,624,010    30,786,742    26,166,286 

(51) 

81

- 
589,311    4,549,126    4,589,628    30,786,742    26,166,286 

Canada 
Mongolia 

-   
  2,237,694   

26,905   

34,382   

-   

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

22  Other expenses 

Professional fees 
Travel 
Advertising 
Net claims incurred 
Land and property tax 
Insurance 
Utility expense 
Other expenses 

2012 
$ 

1,293,477   
217,092   
190,168   
1,042,387   
209,501   
24,644   
82,532   
822,479   

2011 
$ 

492,953 
106,341 
105,714 
51,591 
55,094 
16,102 
34,449 
722,448 

3,882,280   

1,584,692 

82

(52) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2012 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

22  Other expenses 

Professional fees 

Travel 

Advertising 

Net claims incurred 

Land and property tax 

Insurance 

Utility expense 

Other expenses 

2012 

$ 

1,293,477   

217,092   

190,168   

1,042,387   

209,501   

24,644   

82,532   

822,479   

2011 

$ 

492,953 

106,341 

105,714 

51,591 

55,094 

16,102 

34,449 

722,448 

3,882,280   

1,584,692 

Corporate Information

Board of Directors

Auditors

Jordan Calonego, CFA

COO of MGG 

Thunder Bay, Ontario

PricewaterhouseCoopers 
LLP

Winnipeg, MB

Registered Office
700 – 2nd Street SW, Suite 1400 

Calgary, AB T2P 4V5 

Canada

Executive Office
34 Cumberland St N, Suite 706 

Thunder Bay, ON P7A 4L3 

Canada 

Tel: (807) 346-8688 

Fax: (866) 468-9119 

info@mongoliagrowthgroup.com

Mongolian Office
Sukhbaatar District, 2nd Khoroo 

5th Khoroolol – 14251 

Seoul St 7/1 

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 

Tel:  976 7711 0740 

info@bigsky.mn

Legal

Gowlings Lafleur 
Henderson LLP

Calgary, AB

Blakes, Cassels & Graydon 
LLP

Calgary, AB

Registrar and 
Transfer Agent

Olympia Trust

2300 125 – 9th Ave SE Calgary, 

Alberta T2G0P6 

Tel: (403) 261-0900  

cssinquiries@olympiatrust.com

Share Listing
TSX Venture Exchange: YAK 

US Listing: MNGGF

William Fleckenstein

President of Fleckenstein 

Capital 

Seattle, Washington, USA

Harris Kupperman 

Chairman & CEO of MGG 

Miami, Florida, USA

Byambaa Losolsuren

Partner at UMC Capital 

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

John Shaw

President of McWhinney 

Denver, Colorado

Paul Sweeney

Independent Business 

Consultant  

Surrey, British Columbia

Officers

Harris Kupperman

Chief Executive Officer

Matthew Aiken, CA 

Chief Financial Officer

Jordan Calonego, CFA

Chief Operating Officer 

(52) 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 

706 – 34 Cumberland St N, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7A 4L3, Canada

84