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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.

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FY2015 Annual Report · Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.
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2015 Annual Report

Table of Contents

Letter to Shareholders .................................................................................................................................    3 

Management Discussion & Analysis ...........................................................................................................     4 

Consolidated Financial Statements ............................................................................................................     22

Independent Auditor’s Report  

............................................................................................................    23 

Corporate Information  ................................................................................................................................    61

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. (MGG) is a leading publicly traded property investment and development 

company in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. MGG owns an extensive property portfolio, with an emphasis on 

institutional-grade commercial assets.

MGG  undertakes  its  own  property  acquisitions,  develops  brownfield  land  assets  and  repositions 

outdated properties, relying on in-house services for all facets of both the investment portfolio and 

development side of the business. In addition, MGG acts as a full-service third party provider for 

institutional clients.

Letter to Shareholders 

Harris Kupperman
CEO and Chairman of the Board

Dear Shareholders,

At  the  end  of  2014,  I  took  drastic  action  to  reverse 
the  course  of  our  business  and  set  it  back  on  a  path 
towards  sustainability.  We  spent  much  of  our  first 
four  years  with  sizable  and  accelerating  cash  losses. 
These  losses  were  rapidly  destroying  our  equity  and 
threatening  the  future  of  this  Company.  It  became 
obvious that to preserve our capital, the first step was 
to stop losing money. I can now say that we’ve made 
substantial progress in this regard. 

On  the  revenue  side,  we  have  continued  to  seek  out 
ways of enhancing our revenues; however despite the 
success of these initiatives, they have been insufficient 
to offset the declines in rent caused by the deteriorating 
economy. While we will do our best to find additional 
savings, there is only so much that we can do to get 
to  positive  AFFO—especially  as  lease  rates  decline 
in  Mongolian  Togrog  terms,  while  the  Togrog  itself 
declines against the Canadian Dollar. 

Following  the  turnaround  in  2015,  we’ve  now  cut  our 
recurring  losses  to  a  point  where  we  believe  we  can 
successfully  manage  through  this  downturn.  In  many 
ways, 2015 was the best year in our Company’s history 
and I am proud of the success that has been achieved 
despite a steadily weakening economy in Mongolia. 

In concrete terms, these accomplishments are;

•  Improvements  in  operational  performance  have 
reduced negative quarterly AFFO by 89% year over 
year  to  CDN  $451,898  compared  to  2014  when 
negative AFFO was CDN $4,127,427.

•  Reduced  expenses  excluding  non-cash,  non-
capitalized  development  expense  from  $5,578,213 
to  $2,665,165,  a  decrease  of  52%,  despite  an 
increase in expenses associated with the operation 
of Tuguldur Center and various marketing initiatives

Please note that the above discussion is all about costs 
as  our  cost  structure  was  bloated  and  2015  was  all 
about  the  immediacy  of  eliminating  this  unnecessary 
spending. The interesting thing about cutting costs is 
that when you cut one set of unnecessary costs, you 
suddenly realize that some other piece of spending is 
pointless without the other leg to stand on—so you can 
eliminate it too. During 2015 we have taken a number 
of journeys through each and every expense item and 
we’ve continued to find additional costs to cut. At the 
time, some items seemed impossible to live without—
now  we  wonder  why  we  ever  spent  on  them  on  the 
first place. Now that we have cut more than half of our 
run-rate expenses, we can operate the Company more 
efficiently  as  a  result  of  fewer  distractions.  I  suspect 
that as we continue to make cuts, our effectiveness will 
increase. 

Offsetting  these  accomplishments  has  been  the 
realization  that  the  Mongolian  property  market  is 
rapidly  declining  and  there  is  very  little  that  we  can 
do  to  compensate  for  these  macro  forces,  outside 
of  continuing  to  cut  costs  and  manage  the  business 
better. 

Despite  this  obvious  headwind,  I  feel  good  about  the 
overall state of the business and believe that we are on 
the right track—even if that may only mean losing less 
money until the economy recovers. Previously, our goal 
had been to grow with the economy. Now our goal is to 
preserve as much shareholder value as possible, until 
the economy recovers.

My only regret from 2015 has been that we continued 
to spend money on advancing Tuguldur Stage 2. While 
the  economics  of  this  project  are  very  robust,  it  may 
have  been  wiser  to  defer  all  new  development  with 
the  economy  is  in  such  a  debilitated  state.  Despite 
the availability of funding for the project, we ultimately 
decided  to  postpone  development—but  not  before 
spending a good deal of our capital to push it forward. 
This  money  isn’t  wasted  as  we  will  ultimately  have 
to  divert  these  utilities  before  any  development  can 
be  undertaken—but  as  I  write  this,  I’d  much  rather 
have  the  cash  in  our  bank  accounts  to  redeploy  into 
distressed property assets—rather than a clean piece 
of land that we won’t build on for many years.

Returning  to  the  original  motif,  in  many  ways,  2015 
was the best year in the history of our Company and 
we ended the year with the best quarter in the history 
of  our  Company.  We  expect  these  improvements 
to  continue  through  2016.  We  are  on  the  right  track, 
have  identified  additional  costs  to  cut  and  when  the 
Mongolian economy recovers, we hope to be leveraged 
to an increase in asset values while using our unique 
property  management  platform  to  drive  third  party 
business. 

Sincerely,

Harris Kupperman
CEO and Chairman of the Board

3

MONGOLIA GROWTH GROUP LTD.

Management Discussion & Analysis
December 31, 2015

The management of Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. ( “MGG” or “the Corporation”) presents the Corporation’s 
management discussion and analysis for the year ended December 31, 2015 (the “MD&A”), compared with the 
year ended December 31, 2014.  As of January 1, 2011, the Corporation adopted International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”). This MD&A provides an overall discussion, followed by analyses of the performance of the 
Corporation’s major reportable segments. The reporting and presentation currency in the consolidated financial 
statements and in this discussion and analysis is the Canadian dollar, unless otherwise noted. 

This MD&A is dated April 19, 2016 and incorporates all relevant information and considerations to that date.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial 
statements of the Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 together with all of 
the notes, risk factors and information contained therein, available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

Non-IFRS Financial Measures 

This MD&A makes reference to adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, unrealized fair value adjustments, share 
based payments depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”). The Corporation uses Adjusted EBITDA 
as a measure of the performance of its operating subsidiaries as it excludes depreciation and interest charges, 
which are a function of the Corporation’s specific capital structure, and also excludes entity specific tax expense. 
These amounts are not performance measures as defined under IFRS and should not be considered either in 
isolation of, or as a substitute for, net earnings prepared in accordance with IFRS.  The Corporation refers to 
“funds used in operations”, “operating losses” and “re-valuation of investment properties” within this analysis.  
“Funds used in operations” is computed by calculating the cash flow from operations before changes to non-cash 
working capital from operations.  “Operating Profits” is computed by calculating the profit before tax and any 
fair value adjustments.  The Corporation also refers to Funds from Operations (“FFO”) and Adjusted Funds from 
Operations (“AFFO”).  “FFO” is not defined under IFRS. The Corporation calculates FFO in accordance with the 
Real Property Association of Canada ( “REALpac ”) White Paper on Funds from Operations issued April 2014. FFO 
is defined by the Corporation as net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) calculated in accordance with 
IFRS, excluding: (i) Unrealized change in fair value of investment properties (ii) depreciation and amortization of 
investment properties; (iii) gains (or losses) from sales of investment properties and equipment; (iv) tax on gains or 
losses of sale on investment properties (v) deferred income tax (expense) recovery; (vi) impairment/losses on all real 
estate assets (vii) Gains or losses on PPE properties (viii) share based payments.  “AFFO” is not defined under IFRS 
and may not be comparable to AFFO used by other issuers. The Corporation has defined AFFO as FFO subject 
to certain adjustments, including: development expenses not capitalized, large one-time expenses and other 
adjustments as determined by Management.

Forward Looking Statements 

This MD&A contains forward-looking statements relating to future events.  In some cases, forward-looking 
statements can be identified by words such as “anticipate”, “continue”, “estimate”, “expect”, “forecast”, “may”, 
“will”, “project”, “should”, “believe”, or similar expressions.  These statements represent management’s best 
projections but undue reliance should not be placed upon them as they are derived from numerous assumptions.  
These assumptions are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, including the “Risks and 
Uncertainties” as discussed herein.  Actual performance and financial results will differ from any projections of 
future performance or results expressed or implied by such forward looking statements and the difference may be 
material. 

Accordingly, readers are cautioned that events or circumstances could cause results to differ materially from those 
predicted.  From time to time, the Corporation’s management may make estimates and have opinions that form 
the basis for the forward-looking statements.  The Corporation assumes no obligation to update such statements if 
circumstances, management’s estimates, or opinions change. 

Forward looking statements are included within the Outlook, CEO Message to Shareholders and Executive Strategy 
sections of this MD&A.

4

Section 1 – Overview

Financial and Operational Overview

During 2015, the Corporation continued to suffer from negative cash flow as a result of inadequate scale and 
insufficient revenues accentuated by an accelerating decline in market rental rates. On the positive side, the 
Corporation was able to dramatically reduce expenses in order to offset the decline in revenues. As a result 
of reduced expenses and increased efficiency, AFFO improved from negative $4,127,427 in 2014 to negative 
$342,866 in 2015, representing a dramatic improvement over prior years.

The Corporation maintained high occupancy rates during the year, even amidst a slowdown in the local economy 
and higher vacancy rates across the country.   The Corporation’s occupancy rates continue to be strong with a 
weighted average occupancy rate of 87.4% at the end of the year.

On the expense side, overall expenses decreased from $7,543,135 in 2014 to $3,954,927 in 2015 due to the 
successful cost cutting initiatives undertaken throughout the year. 

The Corporation had an unrealized fair value adjustment loss at the end of the year of $7,926,701 versus a fair 
value adjustment gain of $10,683,896 during the prior year. 

This significant fair value loss propelled the Corporation to net loss from Continuing Operations of $9,930,970 or a 
loss of $0.28 per share (EPS) versus a gain of $4,151,782 or $0.12 (EPS) in 2014. 

Throughout the year, the Corporation continued to dispose of non-core assets to streamline the portfolio and 
dispose of smaller and underperforming assets.  Proceeds from sales were used for working capital and reinvested 
in advancing the Corporation’s Tuguldur asset. During the year, the Corporation disposed a total of ten properties 
(2014 – 25) at a net loss of $116,182 (2014 - $56,105 gain).  As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had four 
investment properties (2014 – 6) classified as available for sale. 

The Mongolian Tögrög appreciated throughout the year versus the Canadian dollar, appreciating from 1,624 MNT/
CAD on December 31, 2014, to 1,438 MNT/CAD over the course of 2015; an increase of 11.4%. This appreciation 
served to reduce the Corporation’s negative AFFO and make the decline in property values appear less severe due 
to the smaller decline in Canadian dollar terms.

Economic Overview

During recent years, the Mongolian real estate sector has benefitted from significant local economic growth.  The 
majority of this recent growth is attributable to the mining and construction booms taking place in Mongolia, mainly 
resulting from the opening of the Oyu Tolgoi and Tavan Tolgoi deposits located in the Gobi desert. The associated 
infrastructure requirements for these projects have also served to strengthen the local economy. In addition, an 
increase in other industries, particularly tourism and agriculture have helped to grow the economy. The positive 
impact of improving consumer and business confidence has led to a substantial increase in the gross production of 
the local economy. 

During 2015, the Mongolian economy witnessed a decrease in its growth rate, with this decline accelerating in the 
second half of the year. This slow-down has been caused by reduced prices for commodities, political uncertainty, 
the arrest of certain foreign executives, a decrease in bank lending, along with doubt over the timing of the 
continuation of the Oyu Tolgoi underground development. These factors have led to a substantial decline in foreign 
direct investment (FDI) which has reduced the rate of growth of the economy.

The Mongolian economy was negatively impacted by the global commodity market downturn. The National 
Statistics Office of Mongolia (“NSO”) estimates full year 2015 growth was 2.3%, down from 7.8% in 2014.  

The Mongolian Tögrög has fluctuated significantly over the past three years.  In 2013, the average exchange rate 
between the Tögrög and the Canadian Dollar was approximately 1,360 MNT/CAD for the year, whereas during 
2014, the Tögrög reached a low of over 1,728 Tögrög per Canadian Dollar and averaged 1,637 per Canadian Dollar, 
while in 2015, the Tögrög bounced back to an average rate of 1,540 per Canadian dollar finishing the year at 1,438 
per Canadian dollar.  Management would like to note that in general, most commercial property transactions in 
Ulaanbaatar are negotiated in US Dollars. 

5

Management believes that the current economic slow-down is the result of policies that have discouraged Foreign 
Direct Investment (“FDI”). When the government takes the appropriate steps to stimulate FDI, it is expected that 
the economy can return to prior rates of economic growth. Management remains a believer in the long-term growth 
potential of Mongolia.

Property Overview

The general property market continues to be influenced by the overall Mongolian economy. With the accelerating 
decline in the Mongolian economy, there has been a noticeable increase in vacancy, particularly in office and 
residential space. In the downtown core, this has led to a substantial decline in pricing for both rental rates and 
sales for those two asset classes. High street retail has seen less of an increase in supply, and demand for space 
remains adequate although lease rates have declined noticeably during the second half of the year. While most 
data is anecdotal, office rental prices in the downtown core have declined by more than half, while retail lease rates 
have declined by approximately a third in Mongolian Tögrög terms over the past 12-18 months. 

 Outside of the downtown of Ulaanbaatar, a noticeable increase in building activity has saturated most markets and 
led to a more substantial decline in prices. In addition, there has been a recent increase in office and residential 
construction activity that will likely lead to future saturation in those markets. Finally, there has been a noticeable 
increase in the number distressed property owners, including banks that are experiencing a rapidly increasing 
number of bad debts and foreclosures. It is likely that these individuals will be forced to liquidate their property 
assets, potentially at prices that are substantially below current market prices. Management cautions shareholders 
that property prices have historically been, and continue to be, volatile. 

Management expects a continued high demand for well-located retail space, with a lower demand level for office 
space. However, MGG continues to have below market rates of vacancy in all asset classes and believes that it is 
substantially outperforming the overall market in terms of occupancy.

MGG has seen an increase in bad debt and late payment of rent over the past year. Additionally, a large number 
of tenants are asking to have their rents reduced due to the economic crisis. MGG proactively evaluates tenants 
based on past rental history before changing the terms of rental contracts. 

If the economy continues to deteriorate, it is expected that market rental rates will continue to decline. Additionally, 
overall rental revenue is expected to decline as existing leases are re-signed at current market rates that are often 
substantially lower than the rates that existed when contracts were previously signed. In many cases, it is expected 
that upon signing new leases, rents will continue to drop considerably.

6

Section 2 - Executing the Strategy

Section 2 - Executing the Strategy 

Core Business 

During the past five years, Management and employees have worked hard to build up the infrastructure needed 
Core Business 
to manage MGG’s institutional property platform. This platform is unique in Mongolia and is one of the only 
During  the  past  five  years,  Management  and  employees  have  worked  hard  to  build  up  the  infrastructure 
platforms capable of managing assets through the full cycle of ownership from acquisition and development, 
needed to manage MGG’s institutional property platform. This platform is unique in Mongolia and is one of 
through disposition and includes dedicated departments that manage maintenance, leasing, marketing and tenant 
the  only  platforms  capable  of  managing  assets  through  the  full  cycle  of  ownership  from  acquisition  and 
management. Management believes it has a strong team in place to lead the Corporation into its next phase of 
development, through disposition and includes dedicated departments that manage maintenance, leasing, 
marketing  and  tenant  management.  Management  believes  it  has  a  strong  team  in  place  to  lead  the 
growth. 
Corporation into its next phase of growth.  

MGG’s real estate subsidiary plans on further expansion via the investment of additional capital into income 
MGG’s  real  estate  subsidiary  plans  on  further  expansion  via  the  investment  of  additional  capital  into 
producing and redevelopment properties in Ulaanbaatar. The Corporation’s plan is contingent on procuring further 
income producing and redevelopment properties in Ulaanbaatar. The Corporation’s plan is contingent on 
funds for investment and on finding suitable investment targets which meet MGG’s stringent investment criteria. In 
procuring  further  funds  for  investment  and  on  finding  suitable  investment  targets  which  meet  MGG’s 
addition, due to MGG’s unique platform, the Corporation is adding third party leasing and property management 
stringent investment criteria. In addition, due to MGG’s unique platform, the Corporation is adding third 
to its focus, in order to leverage its existing resources. Management believes that it has excess capacity to handle 
party  leasing  and  property  management  to  its  focus,  in  order  to  leverage  its  existing  resources. 
these functions and has seen a sizable increase in interest in using its brokerage operation as awareness spreads 
Management believes that it has excess capacity to handle these functions and has seen a sizable increase in 
in the Ulaanbaatar market. The Corporation intends to more actively target this brokerage opportunity once its 
interest in using its brokerage operation as awareness spreads in the Ulaanbaatar market. The Corporation 
website is renewed and relaunched. 
intends to more actively target this brokerage opportunity once its website is renewed and relaunched.  

Since inception, MGG has acquired a number of redevelopment properties. To date the Corporation has also 
Since  inception,  MGG  has  acquired  a  number  of  redevelopment  properties.  To  date  the  Corporation  has 
remodeled, rebuilt and completed additions on properties. During 2015, the Corporation spent substantial 
also  remodeled,  rebuilt  and  completed  additions  on  properties.  During  2015,  the  Corporation  spent 
resources on redeveloping its Tuguldur retail center property; however these redevelopment efforts have been 
substantial  resources  on  redeveloping  its  Tuguldur  retail  center  property;  however  these  redevelopment 
efforts have been recently put on hold due to a  slowing economy and  uncertainty regarding the  ability to 
recently put on hold due to a slowing economy and uncertainty regarding the ability to lease added space due to 
lease  added  space due to the rapidly increasing vacancy level in the city.  The Corporation did complete a 
the rapidly increasing vacancy level in the city. The Corporation did complete a 334 meter extension to Tuguldur 
334 meter extension to Tuguldur during early 2016 and a lease was signed with a well-respected Mongolian 
during early 2016 and a lease was signed with a well-respected Mongolian tenant in early 2016. It is expected that 
tenant in early 2016. It is expected that this tenant will begin to pay rent on June 1st of 2016. Due to the 
this tenant will begin to pay rent on June 1st of 2016. Due to the project going over budget and the sizable decline 
project going over budget and the sizable decline in market rents from when the project began, until a lease 
in market rents from when the project began, until a lease was signed, this development project did not hit internal 
was  signed,  this  development  project  did  not  hit  internal  return  targets,  further  validating  the 
return targets, further validating the Corporation’s decision to cease all further development spending.
Corporation’s decision to cease all further development spending. 

Given the current economic situation, the Corporation is focused on finding additional opportunities to reduce 
Given  the  current  economic  situation,  the  Corporation  is  focused  on  finding  additional  opportunities  to 
costs and reduce the Corporation’s cash burn. In addition, the Corporation is looking to sell additional properties in 
reduce  costs  and  reduce  the  Corporation’s  cash  burn.  In  addition,  the  Corporation  is  looking  to  sell 
order to have sufficient liquidity to get through the downturn. 
additional properties in order to have sufficient liquidity to get through the downturn.  

Portfolio

Portfolio 
Mongolia  Growth  Group’s  properties  are  located  in  Downtown  and  the  Central  Business  District  of 
Mongolia Growth Group’s properties are located in Downtown and the Central Business District of Ulaanbaatar.  
Ulaanbaatar.    Within  the  financial  statements,  MGG  classifies  properties  in  each  of  the  following 
Within the financial statements, MGG classifies properties in each of the following categories; Investment 
categories; Investment Properties, Property and Equipment, and Other Assets/Prepaid Deposits.   
Properties, Property and Equipment, and Other Assets/Prepaid Deposits.  

Investment Properties 

Investment Properties  
Investment Properties include properties held to earn rental revenue, for capital  appreciation,  and/or for 
Investment Properties include properties held to earn rental revenue, for capital appreciation, and/or for 
redevelopment. Investment Properties are initially valued at fair value, which is the purchase price plus any 
redevelopment. Investment Properties are initially valued at fair value, which is the purchase price plus any directly 
directly  attributable  expenditures.  Investment  Properties  are  subsequently  valued  at  fair  value,  which 
attributable expenditures. Investment Properties are subsequently valued at fair value, which reflects market 
reflects market conditions at the date of the statement of financial position. 
conditions at the date of the statement of financial position.

The following table represents properties classified as Investment Properties, as of December 31, 2015; 
The following table represents properties classified as Investment Properties, as of December 31, 2015;

Residential	

Office	

Retail		

Land	and	Redevelopment	

Total	

2015	

#	of	
Properties	

Value	at	31-Dec-15	
$CAD	

Meters	

#	of	Properties	

Value	at	31-Dec-14	
$CAD	

1	

3	

26	

4	

34	

	285,170	

	4,649,657		

	25,842,765		

	15,696,158		

-	

2,650	

8,532	

7,058	

	46,473,750		

	18,240	

2	

3	

35	

4	

44	

	357,160		

	5,039,196		

	27,645,411		

	15,416,750		

	48,458,517		

2014		

Meters	

-	

2,650	

9,497	

7,058	

19,205		

7

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
		
		
		
		
		
 
Overall,  the  investment  portfolio  performed  substantially  better  than  similar  properties  in  Ulaanbaatar, 
Overall,  the  investment  portfolio  performed  substantially  better  than  similar  properties  in  Ulaanbaatar, 
with  the  exception  of  Tuguldur  which  has  continued  to  struggle  with  high  turnover  and  vacancy.  The 
with  the  exception  of  Tuguldur  which  has  continued  to  struggle  with  high  turnover  and  vacancy.  The 
Overall,  the  investment  portfolio  performed  substantially  better  than  similar  properties  in  Ulaanbaatar, 
Corporation believes that this is a result of mistakes made during the initial lease-up phase, compounded 
Overall, the investment portfolio performed substantially better than similar properties in Ulaanbaatar, with the 
Corporation believes that this is a result of mistakes made during the initial lease-up phase, compounded 
with  the  exception  of  Tuguldur  which  has  continued  to  struggle  with  high  turnover  and  vacancy.  The 
by the fact that many long-term leases were signed at below-market rents. This asset has now stabilized at 
by the fact that many long-term leases were signed at below-market rents. This asset has now stabilized at 
exception of Tuguldur which has continued to struggle with high turnover and vacancy. The Corporation believes 
Corporation believes that this is a result of mistakes made during the initial lease-up phase, compounded 
average weekly occupancy rates of between 70% and 80% and correcting these mistakes continues to be a 
average weekly occupancy rates of between 70% and 80% and correcting these mistakes continues to be a 
by the fact that many long-term leases were signed at below-market rents. This asset has now stabilized at 
that this is a result of mistakes made during the initial lease-up phase, compounded by the fact that many long-
focus of management.  
focus of management.  
average weekly occupancy rates of between 70% and 80% and correcting these mistakes continues to be a 
term leases were signed at below-market rents. This asset has now stabilized at average weekly occupancy rates 
focus of management.  
of between 70% and 80% and correcting these mistakes continues to be a focus of management. 
Property and Equipment 
Property and Equipment 
Properties  are  classified  as  Property  and  Equipment  if  the  Corporation  occupies  more  than  10%  of  the 
Property and Equipment 
Properties  are  classified  as  Property  and  Equipment  if  the  Corporation  occupies  more  than  10%  of  the 
property.    Properties  classified  as  Property  and  Equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated 
property.    Properties  classified  as  Property  and  Equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated 
Properties  are  classified  as  Property  and  Equipment  if  the  Corporation  occupies  more  than  10%  of  the 
depreciation,  less  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  All  repairs  and  maintenance  costs  to  these 
Properties are classified as Property and Equipment if the Corporation occupies more than 10% of the property.  
depreciation,  less  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  All  repairs  and  maintenance  costs  to  these 
property.    Properties  classified  as  Property  and  Equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated 
properties are charged to the consolidated statement of operations during the period in which they occur 
properties are charged to the consolidated statement of operations during the period in which they occur 
Properties classified as Property and Equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation, less 
depreciation,  less  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  All  repairs  and  maintenance  costs  to  these 
unless eligible for capitalization.  The Corporation’s Headquarters, purchased in October 2011, falls within 
unless eligible for capitalization.  The Corporation’s Headquarters, purchased in October 2011, falls within 
properties are charged to the consolidated statement of operations during the period in which they occur 
any accumulated impairment losses. All repairs and maintenance costs to these properties are charged to the 
this category. 
this category. 
unless eligible for capitalization.  The Corporation’s Headquarters, purchased in October 2011, falls within 
consolidated statement of operations during the period in which they occur unless eligible for capitalization.  The 
this category. 
Corporation’s Headquarters, purchased in October 2011, falls within this category.
The following table represents properties classified as Property and Equipment, as of December 31, 2015; 
The following table represents properties classified as Property and Equipment, as of December 31, 2015; 
The following table represents properties classified as Property and Equipment, as of December 31, 2015; 
The following table represents properties classified as Property and Equipment, as of December 31, 2015;

Property and Equipment

#	of	Properties	
#	of	Properties	

2015	
Meters	
Meters	

#	of	Properties	
#	of	Properties	

2015	
2015	

2014	
2014	

2014	
Meters	
Meters	

Meters	
-		
-		
1,300		
1,300		
-		
-	
-	
1,300		
-	
-	
-	
1,300	
1,300	
-	
1,300	

Other Assets/ Prepaid Deposits

#	of	Properties	
1	
1	
1	
1	
1	
-	
-	
1	
-	
-	
-	
2	
2	
-	
2	

#	of	Properties	
2	
2	
1	
1	
2	
-	
-	
1	
-	
-	
-	
3	
3	
-	
3	

Residential	
Residential	
Office	
Office	
Residential	
Retail		
Retail		
Office	
Land	and	Redevelopment	
Land	and	Redevelopment	
Retail		
Total	
Total	
Land	and	Redevelopment	
Total	
Other Assets/ Prepaid Deposits 
Other Assets/ Prepaid Deposits 
Other Assets/ Prepaid Deposits 
Investment property purchases where the Corporation has paid either the full or partial purchase proceeds 
Investment property purchases where the Corporation has paid either the full or partial purchase proceeds 
to the seller, but the Corporation has not yet received the official land or building title from the Mongolian 
to the seller, but the Corporation has not yet received the official land or building title from the Mongolian 
Investment property purchases where the Corporation has paid either the full or partial purchase proceeds 
Property  office,  are  recorded  at  cost  as  Prepaid  Deposits  on  Investment  Properties  and  classified  within 
Property  office,  are  recorded  at  cost  as  Prepaid  Deposits  on  Investment  Properties  and  classified  within 
to the seller, but the Corporation has not yet received the official land or building title from the Mongolian 
other assets. 
other assets. 
Property  office,  are  recorded  at  cost  as  Prepaid  Deposits  on  Investment  Properties  and  classified  within 
other assets. 
The  following  table  represents  properties  classified  as  Prepaid  Deposits  on  Investment  Properties,  as  of 
The  following  table  represents  properties  classified  as  Prepaid  Deposits  on  Investment  Properties,  as  of 
December 31, 2015; 
December 31, 2015; 
The  following  table  represents  properties  classified  as  Prepaid  Deposits  on  Investment  Properties,  as  of 
December 31, 2015; 

Investment property purchases where the Corporation has paid either the full or partial purchase proceeds to the 
seller, but the Corporation has not yet received the official land or building title from the Mongolian Property office, 
are recorded at cost as Prepaid Deposits on Investment Properties and classified within other assets.

The following table represents properties classified as Prepaid Deposits on Investment Properties, as of December 
31, 2015;

Meters	
-		
-		
1,300		
1,300		
-		
-	
-	
1,300		
-	
-	
-	
1,300	
1,300	
-	
1,300	

Value	at	31-Dec-14	
Value	at	31-Dec-14	
$CAD	
$CAD	
Value	at	31-Dec-14	
139,536	
139,536	
$CAD	
2,627,015	
2,627,015	
139,536	
-	
-	
2,627,015	
-	
-	
-	
2,766,551	
2,766,551	
-	
2,766,551	

Value	at	31-Dec-15	
Value	at	31-Dec-15	
$CAD	
$CAD	
Value	at	31-Dec-15	
99,316	
99,316	
$CAD	
2,665,989	
2,665,989	
99,316	
-	
-	
2,665,989	
-	
-	
-	
2,765,305	
2,765,305	
-	
2,765,305	

2015	
2015	

2015	
Meters	
Meters	

#	of	Properties	
#	of	Properties	

#	of	Properties	
#	of	Properties	

Value	at		31-Dec-14	
Value	at		31-Dec-14	
$CAD	
$CAD	
Value	at		31-Dec-14	
Residential	
-	
-	
Residential	
$CAD	
-	
Office	
-	
Office	
Residential	
-	
729,497	
Retail		
729,497	
Retail		
-	
Office	
69,392	
Land	and	Redevelopment	
69,392	
Land	and	Redevelopment	
729,497	
Retail		
798,889		
Total	
798,889		
Total	
Land	and	Redevelopment	
69,392	
* This land asset is part of one of the land packages outlined in the Investment Properties section and is not a standalone land package.  
* This land asset is part of one of the land packages outlined in the Investment Properties section and is not a standalone land package.  
Total	
798,889		
* This land asset is part of one of the land packages outlined in the Investment Properties section and is not a standalone land package. 
* This land asset is part of one of the land packages outlined in the Investment Properties section and is not a standalone land package.  
Occupancy Rates 
Occupancy Rates 
A summary of MGG’s property portfolio occupancy rates is set forth in the following table: 
Occupancy Rates 
A summary of MGG’s property portfolio occupancy rates is set forth in the following table: 
A summary of MGG’s property portfolio occupancy rates is set forth in the following table: 

Value	at	31-Dec-15	
Value	at	31-Dec-15	
$CAD	
$CAD	
Value	at	31-Dec-15	
-	
-	
$CAD	
-	
-	
-	
-	
-	
-	
69,727		
69,727		
-	
69,727		
69,727		
69,727		
69,727		

A summary of MGG’s property portfolio occupancy rates is set forth in the following table:

#	of	Properties	
-		
-		
-		
-		
-		
	1	
	1	
-		
	1	
	1	
	1	
												2	
												2	
	1	
												2	

#	of	Properties	
-		
-		
-		
-		
-		
-		
-		
-		
								1*	
								1*	
-		
								1*	

Meters	
-	
-	
-	
-	
-	
-		
-		
-	
28		
28		
-		
28		
28		
28		
28		

Occupancy Rates

																	1	
																	1	

																	1	

31	–Dec-	2015	
31	–Dec-	2015	
Occupancy	Rate*	
Occupancy	Rate*	
31	–Dec-	2015	
91.7%	
Occupancy	Rate*	
91.7%	

31	–Dec-	2014	
31	–Dec-	2014	
Occupancy	Rate*	
Occupancy	Rate*	
31	–Dec-	2014	
98.2%	
Occupancy	Rate*	
98.2%	

Office	
Office	

84.4%	
91.7%	
84.4%	
87.4%	
87.4%	
84.4%	

* Occupancy rates are calculated on a per meter basis; 
** Weighted Average is calculated based on total meters available for lease

Retail	
Office	
Retail	
Weighted	Average**	
Weighted	Average**	
Retail	
* Occupancy rates are calculated on a per meter basis;  
* Occupancy rates are calculated on a per meter basis;  
Weighted	Average**	
** Weighted Average is calculated based on total meters available for lease 
** Weighted Average is calculated based on total meters available for lease 
* Occupancy rates are calculated on a per meter basis;  
** Weighted Average is calculated based on total meters available for lease 
Demand  for  retail  space  has  remained  strong,  despite  a  difficult  economy.  Prior  to  year  end,  the 
Demand  for  retail  space  has  remained  strong,  despite  a  difficult  economy.  Prior  to  year  end,  the 
Demand for retail space has remained strong, despite a difficult economy. Prior to year end, the Corporation lost a 
Corporation  lost  a  significant  tenant  occupying  375  meters  of  retail  space.  Furthermore,  the  Corporation 
Corporation  lost  a  significant  tenant  occupying  375  meters  of  retail  space.  Furthermore,  the  Corporation 
Demand  for  retail  space  has  remained  strong,  despite  a  difficult  economy.  Prior  to  year  end,  the 
significant tenant occupying 375 meters of retail space. Furthermore, the Corporation received the title to another 
Corporation  lost  a  significant  tenant  occupying  375  meters  of  retail  space.  Furthermore,  the  Corporation 
large retail space, consisting of 379 square meters, that was previously tied up in litigation between the former 
owner and tenant.  Both of these space has since been leased.  Occupancy levels for the Corporation’s Office 
space have been strong even while vacancy levels throughout the city have increased significantly throughout 
the year as additional supply entered the market. Management attributes its success due to increased marketing 
initiatives and realistic price expectations. 

91.2%	
98.2%	
91.2%	
94.2%	
94.2%	
91.2%	

94.2%	

87.4%	

8

2014		
2014		

2014		
Meters	
Meters	

Meters	
-	
-	
-	
-	
-	
184	
184	
-	
28	
28	
184	
212		
212		
28	
212		

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
		
		
 
 
 
		
		
		
		
		
 
 
		
		
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
		
		
 
 
 
		
		
		
		
		
 
 
		
		
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
		
		
 
 
 
		
		
		
		
		
 
 
		
		
 
The Corporation would like to caution shareholders that it is experiencing abnormally high levels of tenant turnover 
and occupancy levels fluctuate dramatically between months as tenants break leases. It is expected that turnover 
will increase as the economy continues to decline and it is uncertain if the Corporation will be able to continue to 
find new tenants due to the weak economy.

9

Leasing Schedule

Leasing Schedule 
In order to reduce the Corporation’s exposure to currency fluctuations and inflation, the Corporation targets shorter 
In  order  to  reduce  the  Corporation’s  exposure  to  currency  fluctuations  and  inflation,  the  Corporation 
Leasing Schedule 
lease durations with most tenants. Management’s experience is that this practice is in line with the local industry 
targets shorter lease durations with most tenants. Management’s experience is that this practice is in line 
In  order  to  reduce  the  Corporation’s  exposure  to  currency  fluctuations  and  inflation,  the  Corporation 
standards, with the expectation that once leases expire, existing tenants are offered the first right to re-lease the 
with the local industry standards, with the expectation that once leases expire, existing tenants are offered 
targets shorter lease durations with most tenants. Management’s experience is that this practice is in line 
the first right to re-lease the space at then prevailing market rates.  
space at then prevailing market rates. 
with the local industry standards, with the expectation that once leases expire, existing tenants are offered 
the first right to re-lease the space at then prevailing market rates.  
100.00% 

100.00% 
80.00% 

80.00% 
60.00% 

60.00% 
40.00% 

40.00% 
20.00% 

20.00% 
0.00% 

0.00% 

2016 

2016 

Lease End Dates 
Lease End Dates 

2017 

2018 

Retail  Office  Redevelopment 

2017 

2018 

2019 

2019 

The weighted average remaining lease term decreased significantly to 10.4 months in December 2015 from 
Retail  Office  Redevelopment 
17.2 months in December 31st 2014, calculated as a percentage of monthly revenues. 
The weighted average remaining lease term decreased significantly to 10.4 months in December 2015 from 17.2 
The weighted average remaining lease term decreased significantly to 10.4 months in December 2015 from 
months in December 31st 2014, calculated as a percentage of monthly revenues.
17.2 months in December 31st 2014, calculated as a percentage of monthly revenues. 
It  is  Management’s  belief  that  most  existing  leases  are  at  rates  that  are  above  current  prevailing  market 
rates.  With  the  current  economic  conditions,  many  companies  are  suffering  which  is  reflected  by  lower 
It is Management’s belief that most existing leases are at rates that are above current prevailing market rates. With 
It  is  Management’s  belief  that  most  existing  leases  are  at  rates  that  are  above  current  prevailing  market 
market rental rates in aggregate. It is expected that the Corporation’s rental revenue may decline as leases 
the current economic conditions, many companies are suffering which is reflected by lower market rental rates in 
rates.  With  the  current  economic  conditions,  many  companies  are  suffering  which  is  reflected  by  lower 
are renewed at current market rates. Offsetting this fact, many of the Corporation’s prior leases were signed 
aggregate. It is expected that the Corporation’s rental revenue may decline as leases are renewed at current market 
market rental rates in aggregate. It is expected that the Corporation’s rental revenue may decline as leases 
at rates that did not reflect peak market rates. 
are renewed at current market rates. Offsetting this fact, many of the Corporation’s prior leases were signed 
rates. Offsetting this fact, many of the Corporation’s prior leases were signed at rates that did not reflect peak 
at rates that did not reflect peak market rates. 
market rates.

Most	Recent	Retail	Lease	Signings	

Lease	Renewal	Date	

SqM	

Most	Recent	Retail	Lease	Signings	

Lease	Renewal	Date	
December	2015	
December	2015	
December	2015	
December	2015	
November	2015	
December	2015	
October	2015	
December	2015	
November	2015	
October	2015	

SqM	
246	
110	
206	
246	
40	
110	
62	
206	
40	
62	

Old	Price	Per	Meter	
(Mongolian	Tögrög)	
Old	Price	Per	Meter	
26,785	
(Mongolian	Tögrög)	
25,000	
35,000	
26,785	
46,758	
25,000	
30,083	
35,000	
46,758	
30,083	

New	Price	Per	Meter	
(Mongolian	Tögrög)	
New	Price	Per	Meter	
25,000	
(Mongolian	Tögrög)	
25,000	
32,085	
25,000	
32,710	
25,000	
27,906	
32,085	
32,710	
27,906	

Percent		
Increase	
(decrease)	
Percent		
-6.6%	
Increase	
0.0%	
(decrease)	
-8.3%	
-6.6%	
-30.0%	
0.0%	
-7.2%	
-8.3%	
-30.0%	
-7.2%	

Lease	Type	

Lease	Type	
Office	Lease		
Office	Lease	
Retail	Lease	
Office	Lease		
Retail	Lease	
Office	Lease	
Office	Lease	
Retail	Lease	
Retail	Lease	
Office	Lease	

10

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
Section 3 – Results of Operation
Section 3 – Results of Operation 

Selected Annual Financial Information (CAD) 

Selected Annual Financial Information (CAD)

Total	Revenue	

Income				

Income/	(loss)	from	continuing	operations	
attributable	to	equity	holders	of	the	Corporation		

Net	Income/	(loss)	attributable	to	equity	holders	
of	the	Corporation	

Comprehensive	income/	(loss)	attributable	to	
equity	holders	of	the	Corporation	

Basic	earnings	per	share	("EPS")	(in	CAD)	

Earnings/	(loss)	from	continuing	operations	
Earnings/	(loss)	from	discontinued	operations	
Net	income/	(loss)				

Diluted	EPS	(in	CAD)	
Earnings/	(loss)	from	continuing	operations	
Earnings/	(loss)	from	discontinued	operations	
Net	Income/	(loss)	

Balance	Sheet	
Total	Assets	
Total	liabilities	
Total	Equity	
Shares	Outstanding	at	year	end	
Book	Value	per	share	

Year	ended		

Year	ended		

31-Dec-	2015	

31-Dec-	2014	

1,947,508	

1,918,916	

Year	ended		

31-Dec-	2013		
(Restated)	*	

1,727,373	

(9,930,970)	

4,151,782	

(250,574)		

(9,930,970)	

4,151,782	

(155,563)	

(3,459,196)	

2,631,084	

(3,713,297)	

(0.28)	
0	
(0.28)	

(0.28)	
0	
(0.28)	

50,815,170	
1,840,825	
48,974,345	
35,512,829	
1.38	

0.12	
				0	
0.12	

0.12	
0	
0.12	

54,106,591	
3,176,142	
50,930,449	
34,848,745	
1.46	

(0.01)	
0	
(0.01)	

(0.01)	
0	
(0.01)	

47,291,018	
1,968,460	
45,322,558	
34,303,352	
1.32	

*Excludes operations of Mandal Insurance previously included in Continuing Operations.  Mandal Insurance was disposed of on December 20, 2013. 

*Excludes operations of Mandal Insurance previously included in Continuing Operations.  Mandal Insurance was disposed of on December 20, 2013.

Revenue from Investment Properties

Revenue from Investment Properties 
For  the  year  end  December  31,  2015,  Rental  revenue  from  Investment  Properties  reached  $2,002,512 
For the year end December 31, 2015, Rental revenue from Investment Properties reached $2,002,512 versus 
versus $1,822,392 in the prior year.   This increase was primarily attributable to the addition of a full year 
$1,822,392 in the prior year.   This increase was primarily attributable to the addition of a full year of revenue from 
of  revenue  from  Tulguldur  along  with  the  depreciation  of  the  Canadian  Dollar  as  compared  to  the 
Tulguldur along with the depreciation of the Canadian Dollar as compared to the Mongolia Tögrög.
Mongolia Tögrög. 

Gain/loss on sale of Investment Properties

Gain/loss on sale of Investment Properties 
For the year end December 31, 2015, the Corporation reported a net loss of $116,182 on the sale of ten 
investment properties versus a net gain of $56,105 in the prior year on the sale of 25 properties.    

For the year end December 31, 2015, the Corporation reported a net loss of $116,182 on the sale of ten investment 
properties versus a net gain of $56,105 in the prior year on the sale of 25 properties.   

Revenue from Other Sources

Revenue from Other Sources 
Revenue from other sources consists of late fees and other income.  For the year ending December 31, 2015, 
Revenue from other sources consists of late fees and other income.  For the year ending December 31, 
revenues from other sources totaled $61,178 compared to $40,419 for the year ending December 31, 2014.  
2015, revenues from other sources totaled $61,178 compared to $40,419 for the year ending December 
Revenues increased due to higher late payments and penalty income collected throughout the year.
31, 2014.  Revenues increased due to higher late payments and penalty income collected throughout the 
year. 

Fair Value Adjustment on Investment Properties

Fair Value Adjustment on Investment Properties 

As elected under IFRS, the Corporation’s investment portfolio is subsequently measured at fair value in the 
Corporation’s financial statements.  As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had approximately 86% of its 
As  elected  under  IFRS,  the  Corporation’s  investment  portfolio  is  subsequently  measured  at  fair  value  in 
Investment Properties Portfolio valued by an international valuation firm and the remaining 14% (19 properties) 
the  Corporation’s  financial  statements.    As  of  December  31,  2015,  the  Corporation  had  approximately 
were valued by Management. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the fair value adjustment to investment 
86% of its Investment Properties Portfolio valued by an international valuation firm and the remaining 14% 
properties was a loss of $7,926,701 compared to a gain of $10,683,896 for the same period in 2014. 

Property Operating Expenses

Property Operating Expenses consist of repairs and maintenance, bad debts, utilities, salaries, as well as land 
and property taxes.  For the year ending December 31, 2015 the property operating expenses were $1,576,751 

11

	
	
 
 
	
	
		
	
		
		
	
		
		
	
		
		
	
		
		
 
 
 
to investment properties was a loss of $7,926,701 compared to a gain of $10,683,896 for the same period in 
2014.  

Property Operating Expenses 
compared to $1,556,367 during the same period in 2014, representing an increase of approximately 1%. This 
Property  Operating  Expenses  consist  of  repairs  and  maintenance,  bad  debts,  utilities,  salaries,  as  well  as 
increase was primarily due to the addition of Tulguldur. 
land  and  property  taxes.    For  the  year  ending  December  31,  2015  the  property  operating  expenses  were 
$1,576,751  compared  to  $1,556,367  during  the  same  period  in  2014,  representing  an  increase  of 
approximately 1%.    This increase was primarily due to the addition of Tulguldur.  

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses include senior management’s compensation, share-based costs, listing fees, professional fees, 
technology, travel and administrative costs.

Corporate Expenses 
Corporate  expenses 
professional fees, technology, travel and administrative costs. 

listing  fees, 
For the year ending December 31, 2015 general and administration expenses decreased to $1,291,511 from 
$4,635,599 in 2014. This decrease since the previous year is attributed to the cost cutting initiatives implemented 
throughout the year. 

include  senior  management’s  compensation,  share-based  costs, 

For the year ending December 31, 2015 general and administration expenses decreased to $1,291,511 from 
$4,635,599  in  2014.  This  decrease  since  the  previous  year  is  attributed  to  the  cost  cutting  initiatives 
implemented throughout the year.  

One-Time Expenses

During 2015, the Corporation did not incur any significant one-time expenses.  In comparison, during  2014, the 
Corporation incurred one–time expenses of $1,983,396 including; severance to the Corporation’s former CEO of 
One-Time Expenses 
$870,540, accrued a commission payment of $487,522 to a senior employee of the Corporation for several large 
During  2015,  the  Corporation  did  not  incur  any  significant  one-time  expenses.    In  comparison,  during  
acquisitions, a discount of $402,339 given to UMC against the sale of Mandal Insurance and $222,995 spent on 
2014, the Corporation incurred one–time expenses of $1,983,396 including; severance to the Corporation’s 
legal and professional fees to file a base shelf prospectus. 
former  CEO  of  $870,540,  accrued  a  commission  payment  of  $487,522  to  a  senior  employee  of  the 
Corporation for several large acquisitions, a discount of $402,339 given to UMC against the sale of Mandal 
Insurance and $222,995 spent on legal and professional fees to file a base shelf prospectus.  

Currency

The Mongolian Tögrög has fluctuated significantly over the past five years.  The Mongolian Tögrög has depreciated 
Currency 
6.8%, 5.1%, 11.5% and 5.3% in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively versus the Canadian Dollar while 
The  Mongolian  Tögrög  has  fluctuated  significantly  over  the  past  five  years.    The  Mongolian  Tögrög  has 
appreciating 11.4% in 2015.  The fluctuation in the currency is reflected in the Corporation’s financial statements, 
depreciated  6.8%,  5.1%,  11.5%  and  5.3%  in  2011,  2012,  2013  and  2014  respectively  versus  the  Canadian 
most notably in the investment property portfolio, as it is the largest item on the balance sheet.  Note 7 in the 
Dollar while appreciating 11.4% in 2015.  The fluctuation in the currency is reflected in the Corporation’s 
financial statements disclose the foreign exchange adjustment, which flows through the investment property 
financial  statements,  most  notably  in  the  investment  property  portfolio,  as  it  is  the  largest  item  on  the 
classification during each period.  As at December 31, 2015 the Corporation recognized a significant foreign 
balance  sheet.    Note  7  in  the  financial  statements  disclose  the  foreign  exchange  adjustment,  which  flows 
through  the  investment  property  classification  during  each  period.    As  at  December  31,  2015  the 
exchange adjustment gain of $6,471,774 to its investment property portfolio due to the 11.4% appreciation of the 
Corporation  recognized  a  significant  foreign  exchange  adjustment  gain  of  $6,471,774  to  its  investment 
local currency during the year.  
property portfolio due to the 11.4% appreciation of the local currency during the year.   

Operating Profit (Loss) from Continuing Operations 

Operating Profit (Loss) from Continuing Operations  
In total the Corporation’s continuing operations reported an Operating loss or an Adjusted EBITDA loss $2,089,560 
In  total  the  Corporation’s  continuing  operations  reported  an  Operating  loss  or  an  Adjusted  EBITDA  loss 
during 2015 (2014 – loss of $5,900,540).  The Improvement in EBITDA since last year is due to the cost saving 
$2,089,560 during 2015 (2014 – loss of $5,900,540).  The Improvement in EBITDA since last year is due to 
initiatives implemented during the year. 
the cost saving initiatives implemented during the year.  
The following table reconciles net income before income tax to Adjusted EBITDA from operations. 

The following table reconciles net income before income tax to Adjusted EBITDA from operations.

Net	Income	before	Income	taxes	
Add	Depreciation	and	Amortization	
Subtract	Interest	and	Investment	(Income)	/	Finance	Expense	
EBITDA	
Subtract	Fair	Value	Adjustment	Gain	(Add	back	loss)	
Total	Adjusted	EBITDA	

2015	

2014	

$CAD	
(10,123,298)	
137,608	
(30,571)	
(10,016,261)	
7,926,701	
									(2,089,560)		

$CAD	
4,473,714	
126,018	
183,624	
4,783,356	
(10,683,896)	
	(5,900,540)	

Funds From Operations (“FFO”)

Funds From Operations ("FFO") 
While FFO does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS, it is a non-IFRS financial measure of 
While FFO does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS, it is a non-IFRS financial measure of 
operating  performance  widely  used  by  the  real  estate  industry.  The  Real  Property  Association  of  Canada 
operating performance widely used by the real estate industry. The Real Property Association of Canada (REALpac) 
(REALpac) recommends that FFO be determined by reconciling FFO from net income. 
recommends that FFO be determined by reconciling FFO from net income.

During 2015, negative FFO improved from a loss of $4,127,427 in 2014 to a loss of $517,295 in 2015.  The 
improvement is primary due to a reduction in expenses due to cost cutting measures initiated since the beginning 
of the year.   

Adjusted Funds From Operations (“AFFO”)

Since FFO does not consider capital expenditures and other one-time expenses. AFFO is presented herein as 
an alternative measure of determining available cash flow. AFFO is not defined by IFRS but the Corporation 

12

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
		
	
 
of  operating  performance  widely  used  by  the  real  estate  industry.  The  Real  Property  Association  of 

Canada (REALpac) recommends that FFO be determined by reconciling FFO from net income. 

During 2015, negative FFO improved from a loss of $4,127,427 in 2014 to a loss of $517,295 in 2015.  The 

improvement is primary due to a reduction in expenses due to cost cutting measures initiated since the 

beginning of the year.    

Adjusted Funds From Operations ("AFFO")   
Since  FFO  does  not  consider  capital  expenditures  and  other  one-time  expenses.  AFFO  is  presented 
herein as an alternative measure of determining available cash flow. AFFO is not defined by IFRS but the 
Corporation  follows  recommendations  by  REALpac.  During  2015,  the  Company’s  AFFO  numbers 
improved considerably from $4,127,427 to $342,866. 

follows recommendations by REALpac. During 2015, the Company’s AFFO numbers improved considerably from 
$4,127,427 to $342,866.

It  should  be  noted  that  FFO  and  AFFO  include  certain  one-time  costs  related  to  the  Corporation’s  cost 
It should be noted that FFO and AFFO include certain one-time costs related to the Corporation’s cost cutting 
cutting  plan  that  were  not  sufficiently  large  enough  to  be  broken  out,  but  their  exclusion  would  have 
plan that were not sufficiently large enough to be broken out, but their exclusion would have further reduced the 
further reduced the Corporation’s AFFO loss for the year.  
Corporation’s AFFO loss for the year. 

Reconciliation of FFO and AFFO

Reconciliation of FFO and AFFO 
The analysis below shows a reconciliation of the Corporation’s net income to FFO and AFFO for the year ended 
The analysis below shows a reconciliation of the Corporation’s net income to FFO and AFFO for 
December 31, 2015
the year ended December 31, 2015 

Net Income for the period 
Add (deduct) items not affecting cash 
Unrealized Change in fair value of investment properties 

Depreciation and amortization of investment Properties 

Loss (gain) from sales of investment properties 

Tax on sales on investment property 
Deferred Taxes 
Impairment/losses on all real estate assets 
Impairment of other assets 
Loss (gain) on PP&E properties 
Share Based Payments 

 Funds From Operations  
Add (deduct)  
Development costs not capitalized  
Significant one-time expenses 

Adjusted Funds From Operations 

Per Unit  

Funds From Operations 
Adjusted Funds From Operations  

Year ended  

31-December 
2015 
$CAD 

Year ended 

31-December 
 2014 
$CAD 

(9,930,970) 

4,151,782 

7,926,701 

137,608 

                         116,182

35,710 
(109,032) 
- 
- 
219,749 
977,725 

(10,683,896) 

126,018 

(56,105) 

84,507 
9,024 
- 
402,339 
- 
1,838,904 

(517,295) 

(4,127,427) 

174,429 
- 

(342,866) 

(0.01) 
(0.01) 

- 
- 

(4,127,427) 

(0.12) 
(0.12) 

13

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Corporation incurred a net loss of 9,930,970, compared to a net gain 
of $4,151,782 for the year ended December 31, 2014.  This deterioration is attributed to the substantial unrealized 
loss on fair value adjustment on investment properties of $7,926,701 during the year versus the unrealized gain of 
$10,683,896 from the prior year.  

Management cautions investors that the Corporation is primarily focused on increasing shareholder value on a per 
share basis. This means that operationally, management is more concerned with long-term asset appreciation at 
the expense of short-term cash flow.

14

Section 4 - Financial Condition

Section 4 - Financial Condition 

Cash Flow

Cash Flow 
Mongolia  Growth  Group’s  primary  sources  of  capital  are  cash  generated  from  equity  issuance    financing 
and asset sales. Management expects to meet all of the Corporation’s obligations through current cash and 
cash equivalents along with cash flows from asset sales.  

Mongolia Growth Group’s primary sources of capital are cash generated from equity issuance  financing and asset 
sales. Management expects to meet all of the Corporation’s obligations through current cash and cash equivalents 
along with cash flows from asset sales. 

The  following  table  provides  an  overview  of  the  Corporation’s  cash  flows  from  operating,  financing  and 
The following table provides an overview of the Corporation’s cash flows from operating, financing and investing 
investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. 
activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Net	change	in	cash	related	to:	

Operating	

Investing	

Financing	

Effects	of	exchange	rates	on	cash	

Net	change	in	cash	during	the	period	

31-Dec-15	

$CAD	

(1,391,362)	

642,001	

-	

139,212	

(610,149)	

For	the	year	ending		

31-Dec-14	

$CAD	

(2,908,159)	

(1,392,747)	

821,951	

(245,943)	

(3,724,898)	

Overall, cash outflows during 2015 were significantly lower than the previous year with net outflows from operations 
Overall, cash outflows during 2015 were significantly lower than the previous year with net outflows from 
much lower than net operating outflows in 2014.  Cash flows from Investing were inflows of $642,001 for the year 
operations  much  lower  than  net  operating  outflows  in  2014.    Cash  flows  from  Investing  were  inflows  of 
compared to outflows of $1,392,747 in 2014 as funds from property sales outweighed funds spent on property 
$642,001 for the year compared to outflows of $1,392,747 in 2014 as funds from property sales outweighed 
acquisitions.  Cash flows from Financing were unchanged during the year compared to inflows of $821,951 during 
funds  spent  on  property  acquisitions.    Cash  flows  from  Financing  were  unchanged  during  the  year 
compared to inflows of $821,951 during 2014.  The changes in components of cash flows for the year ended 
2014.  The changes in components of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year 
December  31,  2015  compared  to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  were  the  result  of  the  following 
ended December 31, 2014 were the result of the following factors:
factors: 

• Operating –Operating cash outflows for the year ended 2015 decreased primarily due to a significant  
(cid:127)  Operating–Operating  cash  outflows  for  the  year  ended  2015  decreased  primarily  due  to  a 
significant  decrease  in  large  one-time  expenses  as  well  as  an  overall  reduction  in 
expenses. 

• Investing – Investing cash inflows for the year ended 2015  increased due to property sales outweighing 

decrease in large one-time expenses as well as an overall reduction in expenses.

(cid:127)  Investing–  Investing  cash  inflows  for  the  year  ended  2015  increased  due  to  property  sales 

property acquisitions for the year.

outweighing property acquisitions for the year. 

• Financing –Financing cash inflows for the year ended 2015 were nil compared to cash inflows of 

(cid:127) Financing– Financing cash inflows for the year ended 2015 were nil compared to cash inflows 
of  $821,951  in  2014  as  the  Corporation  generated  increased  cash  through  the 
exercise of options.   

$821,951 in 2014  as the Corporation generated increased cash through the exercise of        
options.  

To date, the Corporation has been able to meet all of its capital and other cash requirements from its internal 
To  date,  the  Corporation  has  been  able  to  meet  all  of  its  capital  and  other  cash  requirements  from  its 
internal sources of cash.  As at December 31, 2015, the Corporation had approximately $1,035,272 (2014 - 
sources of cash.  As at December 31, 2015, the Corporation had approximately $1,035,272 (2014 - $1,645,421) in 
$1,645,421) in cash and cash equivalents. 
cash and cash equivalents.

Total Assets

Total Assets 
As  of  December  31,  2015,  the  Corporation  had  $1,363,271  (2014  -  $2,673,124)  in  Current  Assets  out  of 
As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had $1,363,271 (2014 - $2,673,124) in Current Assets out of which 
which $1,035,272 (2014 - $1,645,421) was held in cash and cash equivalents. 
$1,035,272 (2014 - $1,645,421) was held in cash and cash equivalents.

The  majority  of  the  Corporation’s  assets  are  classified  as  Non-Current  Assets,  mainly  Investment 
The majority of the Corporation’s assets are classified as Non-Current Assets, mainly Investment Properties.  
Properties.    Investment  Properties  are  carried  at  Fair  Market  Value  and  decreased  during  the  year  to 
Investment Properties are carried at Fair Market Value and decreased during the year to $46,473,749 (2014 
$46,473,749 (2014 -$48,458,517) the year by way of a dispositions and a large unrealized loss on fair value 
-$48,458,517) the year by way of a dispositions and a large unrealized loss on fair value adjustment offset by an 
adjustment offset by an increase in the Mongolian Tögrög versus the Canadian dollar during the year.  
increase in the Mongolian Tögrög versus the Canadian dollar during the year. 

Property  and  Equipment,  which  primarily  consists  of  properties  that  are  measured  at  their  cost  base, 
Property and Equipment, which primarily consists of properties that are measured at their cost base, increased 
increased  from  $2,974,950  in  2014  to  $2,978,150  in  2015  primarily  due  to  a  decrease  in  the  Canadian 
from $2,974,950 in 2014 to $2,978,150 in 2015 primarily due to a decrease in the Canadian dollar versus the 
dollar versus the Mongolian Tögrög. 
Mongolian Tögrög.

15

	
	
 
 
 
 
		
		
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Liabilities

As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had current liabilities of $850,716 consisting of payables and accrued 
liabilities.  In December 31, 2014, current liabilities were significantly higher at of $2,077,001. The decrease is due 
to the settlement of the Corporation’s outstanding liabilities over the course of the year. 

Total Liabilities 
As  of  December  31,  2015,  the  Corporation  had  current  liabilities  of  $850,716  consisting  of  payables  and 
Total Liabilities 
accrued liabilities.  In December 31, 2014, current liabilities were significantly higher at of $2,077,001. The 
As  of  December  31,  2015,  the  Corporation  had  current  liabilities  of  $850,716  consisting  of  payables  and 
decrease is due to the settlement of the Corporation’s outstanding liabilities over the course of the year.  
accrued liabilities.  In December 31, 2014, current liabilities were significantly higher at of $2,077,001. The 
decrease is due to the settlement of the Corporation’s outstanding liabilities over the course of the year.  
As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had no long term debt outstanding, as such the only non-current 
liability on the balance sheet is deferred income taxes.  Deferred tax liabilities decreased slightly during the 
As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had no long term debt outstanding, as such the only non-current 
year to $990,109 in 2015 (2014 - $1,099,141).    
liability on the balance sheet is deferred income taxes.  Deferred tax liabilities decreased slightly during the 
year to $990,109 in 2015 (2014 - $1,099,141).    
Total Equity 
The equity of the Corporation consists of one class of common shares. 
Total Equity 
The equity of the Corporation consists of one class of common shares. 
Options Outstanding 
 At December 31, 2015, the Corporation had 2,510,500 options that were exercisable (December 
Options Outstanding 
31, 2014; 1,385,000). 
 At December 31, 2015, the Corporation had 2,510,500 options that were exercisable (December 
31, 2014; 1,385,000). 

As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had no long term debt outstanding, as such the only non-current 
liability on the balance sheet is deferred income taxes.  Deferred tax liabilities decreased slightly during the year to 
$990,109 in 2015 (2014 - $1,099,141).   

The equity of the Corporation consists of one class of common shares.

Total Equity

Outstanding	

Common	shares	
Outstanding	

Options	to	buy	common	shares	
Common	shares	

Options	to	buy	common	shares	

Options Outstanding

As	at	31-Dec-2015	

35,512,829	
As	at	31-Dec-2015	

3,288,000	
35,512,829	

3,288,000	

As	at	31-Dec-2014	

34,848,745	
As	at	31-Dec-2014	

2,448,000	
34,848,745	

2,448,000	

The Chart below shows the historical option grants and options outstanding as of December 31, 
 At December 31, 2015, the Corporation had 2,510,500 options that were exercisable (December 31, 2014; 
2015. 
The Chart below shows the historical option grants and options outstanding as of December 31, 
1,385,000).
2015. 

The Chart below shows the historical option grants and options outstanding as of December 31, 2015.
Cancelled		

$	Option	Price	

Exercised	

Forfeited	

Granted	

$	Option	Price	
1.64	

1.75	
1.64	
1.90	
1.75	
4.20	
1.90	
4.77	
4.20	
4.25	
4.77	
4.00	
4.25	
4.13	
4.00	
1.09	
4.13	
0.72	
1.09	
0.74	
0.72	
0.74	

Total	

Granted	
100,000	

300,000	
100,000	
1,363,000	
300,000	
900,000	
1,363,000	
175,000	
900,000	
150,000	
175,000	
190,000	
150,000	
475,000	
190,000	
375,000	
475,000	
935,000	
375,000	
640,000	
935,000	
5,603,000	
640,000	

Forfeited	
0	

Cancelled		
0	

Exercised	
100,000	

0	
0	
85,000	
0	
408,000	
85,000	
100,000	
408,000	
50,000	
100,000	
0	
50,000	
75,000	
0	
0	
75,000	
20,000	
0	
0	
20,000	
738,000	
0	

50,000	
0	
0	
50,000	
362,000	
0	
55,000	
362,000	
95,000	
55,000	
190,000	
95,000	
275,000	
190,000	
0	
275,000	
0	
0	
0	
0	
1,027,000	
0	

250,000	
100,000	
200,000	
250,000	
0	
200,000	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
0	
550,000	
0	

Total	Options	
Outstanding	
Total	Options	
0	
Outstanding	
0	
0	
1,078,000	
0	
130,000	
1,078,000	
20,000	
130,000	
5,000	
20,000	
0	
5,000	
125,000	
0	
375,000	
125,000	
915,000	
375,000	
640,000	
915,000	
3,288,000	
640,000	

Options	
Exercisable	
Options	
0	
Exercisable	
0	
0	
492,500	
0	
130,000	
492,500	
20,000	
130,000	
3,750	
20,000	
0	
3,750	
125,000	
0	
375,000	
125,000	
467,500	
375,000	
640,000	
467,500	
2,510,500	
640,000	

Options		Non-	
Exercisable	
Options		Non-	
0	
Exercisable	
0	
0	
585,500	
0	
0	
585,500	
0	
0	
1,250	
0	
0	
1,250	
0	
0	
0	
0	
447,500	
0	
0	
447,500	
777,500	
0	

738,000	

550,000	

1,027,000	

5,603,000	

3,288,000	

Acquisitions and Dispositions

Total	
Acquisitions and Dispositions 
During  the  year,  the  Corporation  did  not  acquire  any  properties  (2  properties  at  a  cost  of  $9,099,706  in 
Acquisitions and Dispositions 
2014).  The  Corporation  spent  $832,245  to  further  develop  one  of  its  existing  properties  versus  capital 
During  the  year,  the  Corporation  did  not  acquire  any  properties  (2  properties  at  a  cost  of  $9,099,706  in 
During the year, the Corporation did not acquire any properties (2 properties at a cost of $9,099,706 in 2014). 
expenditures  of  $1,435,909  spent  in  2014.  During  the  year,  the  Corporation  disposed  of  10  investment 
2014).  The  Corporation  spent  $832,245  to  further  develop  one  of  its  existing  properties  versus  capital 
The Corporation spent $832,245 to further develop one of its existing properties versus capital expenditures of 
properties for cash proceeds of $1,669,455 at a net loss of $116,182.  During 2014, the Corporation disposed 
expenditures  of  $1,435,909  spent  in  2014.  During  the  year,  the  Corporation  disposed  of  10  investment 
$1,435,909 spent in 2014. During the year, the Corporation disposed of 10 investment properties for cash proceeds 
of  25  properties  for  $5,432,386  including  5  properties  swapped  at  a  value  of  $2,981,944.    These 
properties for cash proceeds of $1,669,455 at a net loss of $116,182.  During 2014, the Corporation disposed 
acquisitions  and  disposals  are  consistent  with  the  Corporation’s  strategy  of  streamlining  its  investment 
of $1,669,455 at a net loss of $116,182.  During 2014, the Corporation disposed of 25 properties for $5,432,386 
of  25  properties  for  $5,432,386  including  5  properties  swapped  at  a  value  of  $2,981,944.    These 
property portfolio. 
including 5 properties swapped at a value of $2,981,944.  These acquisitions and disposals are consistent with the 
acquisitions  and  disposals  are  consistent  with  the  Corporation’s  strategy  of  streamlining  its  investment 
Corporation’s strategy of streamlining its investment property portfolio.
property portfolio. 

2,510,500	

777,500	

Off-Balance Sheet Items

As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation had no off-balance sheet items.

Events Subsequent to Year End

•  Subsequent to year end, the Corporation disposed of one property for $229,743 with a book value at year 

end of $261,521

As disclosed in the Corporation’s February 17, 2016 News Release, on February 11, 2016, the Corporation 
filed a Form 5C “Notice of Intention to make a Normal Course Corporation Bid” (the “NCIB Form”), with 
the TSX Venture Exchange (the “Exchange”).  The Corporation received Exchange approval (“Exchange 
Approval”) for the Normal Course Corporation Bid (the “Bid”) on February 17, 2016.  A summary of the 
information contained in the NCIB Form is as follows:

16

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities Sought: Up to 2,950,000 common shares (representing up to approximately 8.3% of the 
35,512,829 common shares of the Corporation currently issued and outstanding, or approximately 9.9% of 
the 29,825,579 common shares constituting the Corporation’s current Public Float (as that term is defined 
in the policies of the Exchange).  

Duration of the Bid:  Purchases under the Bid would begin on the date that is three clear trading days 
following receipt of Exchange approval and would terminate on the date that is one year from the date 
on which purchases began. Following receipt of Exchange Approval, the Corporation announced that 
purchases under the Bid were permitted to commence on Tuesday, February 23, 2016 and the Bid will end 
no later than February 22, 2017.

Method of Acquisition & Member Broker: The Corporation has retained M Partners Inc. of Toronto, 
Ontario as its broker Member for the purposes of conducting the Bid.  Purchases under the Bid will be 
conducted on the open market through the facilities of the Exchange.

Consideration Offered:  The common shares will be purchased for cancellation at market price. 

Reasons for the Bid: The Corporation is undertaking the Bid because, in the opinion of its board of 
directors, the market price of its common shares, from time to time, may not fully reflect the underlying 
value of its operations and future growth prospects. The Corporation believes that in such circumstances, 
the purchase of the common shares of the Corporation may represent an appropriate and desirable use of 
the Corporation’s funds and further enhance market stability.

Persons Acting Jointly & in Concert: No person is acting jointly and in concert with the Corporation in 
connection with the Bid.  

Pervious Purchases:  In the 12 months preceding the commencement of the Bid, the Corporation has not 
purchased any of its common shares. 

Valuation: After making reasonable enquiry, the Corporation is not aware of any appraisal or valuation 
of the Corporation’s securities that has been prepared within the two years preceding the date of the 
NCIB Form.  In connection with the preparation of its audited financial statements for the financial year 
ending December 31, 2014, the Corporation engaged, an arm’s length property valuator, to prepare three 
independent valuation reports in respect of the Corporation’s Mongolian real estate investment assets.  The 
valuations were prepared for internal accounting purposes.  

Acceptance by Insiders, Affiliates and Associates & Benefits: To the knowledge of the Corporation 
at the time of filing the NCIB Form, no director, senior officer or other Insider of the Corporation or any 
associate or affiliate of the Corporation or any insider of the Corporation currently intends to sell common 
shares under the Bid. However, such sales by persons through the facilities of the Exchange may occur if 
the personal circumstances of such persons change or any such person makes a decision to sell shares 
as market circumstances may warrant.  The benefits to any such person whose shares are purchased 
under the bid would be the same as the benefits available to all other holders of the Corporation’s common 
shares whose shares are purchased under the Bid.  

Shareholders may obtain a copy of the NCIB Form from the Corporation, without charge, by contacting 
info@mongoliagrowthgroup.com

• 

The Corporation has purchased 18,500 shares at a price of $0.40/share

17

Section 5 - Quarterly Information

Section 5 - Quarterly Information 

Quarterly Results

Quarterly Results 
The following table is a summary of select quarterly information over the previous eight quarters: 

The following table is a summary of select quarterly information over the previous eight quarters:
Q2	2014	
Q2	2015	

Q1	2015	

Q3	2014	

Q4	2014	

Q4	2015	

Q3	2015	

Revenue		
Net	income	(loss)		
Income	(loss)	per	
common	share	
Total	Assets	
Weighted	
Average	Shares	
(No.)	
Ending	Shares	
(No.)	

526,949	
(5,503,493)	

340,871	
(2,701,490)	

501,936	
(1,352,996)	

577,752	
(372,991)	

316,712	
117,251	

424,787	
(1,489,119)	

542,837	
5,033,379	

(0.15)	

(0.08)	

(0.04)	

(0.01)	

0.00	

(0.04)	

0.15	

0.02	

50,815,170	

54,495,461	

54,790,433	

55,548,676	

54,106,591	

55,523,885	

54,965,199	

49,253,675	

35,315,357	

35,248,810	

35,114,612	

34,848,745	

34,652,992	

35,800,084	

34,495,983	

35,823,685	

35,512,829	

35,512,829	

35,512,829	

34,848,745	

34,848,745	

34.848,745	

34,748,745	

34,538,352	

Q1	2014	

634,581	
812,202	

Revenue

Revenue 
During  the  fourth  quarter,  the  Corporation’s  real  estate  subsidiary  earned  total  revenue  of  $526,949  (Q4 
During the fourth quarter, the Corporation’s real estate subsidiary earned total revenue of $526,949 (Q4 2014 
2014 -$316,712) of which rental income earned was $491,837 (Q4 2014 - $457,496). The majority of this 
-$316,712) of which rental income earned was $491,837 (Q4 2014 - $457,496). The majority of this rental income 
rental  income  increase  is  attributed  to  a  larger  property  portfolio  as  well  as  increased  occupancy 
increase is attributed to a larger property portfolio as well as increased occupancy levels.  The quarterly revenue 
levels.   The  quarterly  revenue  number  also  includes  other  revenue  earned  from  miscellaneous  sources 
number also includes other revenue earned from miscellaneous sources such as late fee, advertising and from 
such  as  late  fee,  advertising  and  from  sale  of  investment  properties.  During  the  fourth  quarter,  the 
sale of investment properties. During the fourth quarter, the Corporation experienced a gain on sale of investment 
Corporation  experienced  a  gain  on  sale  of  investment  properties  of  $22,455  (2014  –  loss  of  $140,423), 
properties of $22,455 (2014 – loss of $140,423), which negatively affected the Corporation’s revenue.
which negatively affected the Corporation’s revenue. 

During the 4th quarter of 2015, the Corporation also incurred a large unrealized loss of $5,655,640 compared to an 
unrealized gain of $2,747,150 during Q4 2014.

During  the  4th  quarter  of  2015,  the  Corporation  also  incurred  a  large  unrealized  loss  of  $5,655,640 
compared to an unrealized gain of $2,747,150 during Q4 2014. 

Expenses

Expenses 
Quarterly expenses related to corporate operations totaled $202,022 (Q4 2014 - $2,007,286).  The majority of 
Quarterly  expenses  related  to  corporate  operations  totaled  $202,022  (Q4  2014  -  $2,007,286).  The 
this decrease is attributed to a $870,540 severance payment made to the Corporation’s former CEO along with a 
majority  of  this  decrease  is  attributed  to  a  $870,540  severance  payment  made  to  the  Corporation’s 
commission of $487,522 accrued to a senior employee of the Corporation.
former CEO along with a commission of $487,522 accrued to a senior employee of the Corporation. 

Net Income

Net Income 
During the quarter, the Corporation experienced a loss of $5,503,493 in comparison to a gain of $117,251 in the 
During the quarter, the Corporation experienced a loss of $5,503,493 in comparison to a gain of 
same quarter of the previous year. This difference is manly attributed to the significant fair value adjustments loss 
$117,251 in the same quarter of the previous year. This difference is manly attributed to the significant fair 
recorded in the fourth quarter of the year compared to a gain in the 4th quarter of 2014, offset by an decrease in 
value adjustments loss recorded in the fourth quarter of the year compared to a gain in the 4th quarter of 
expenses versus last year.
2014, offset by an decrease in expenses versus last year. 

18

	
	
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
  
 
  
 
Section 6 – Critical Estimates 

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS required Management to make assumptions 
about the future that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities.  Estimates and judgments are continually 
evaluated based on historical experiences and other factors, including expectations of future events that are 
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  In the future, actual experience may differ from these 
estimates and assumptions.  

The critical estimates made in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements include the following:

Fair value of investment properties 

The estimate of fair value of investment properties is the most critical accounting estimate to the Corporation.  An 
external appraiser estimates the fair value of the majority of the Investment Properties annually, the remainder are 
appraised internally by Management.  The fair value of investment properties is based on the nature, location and 
condition of the specific asset.  The fair value of investment properties represents an estimate of the price that 
would be made in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties.  The Corporation operates 
in the emerging real estate market of Mongolia, which given its current economic and industry conditions, has an 
increased inherent risk resulting from the lack of reliable and comparable market information.  At December 31, 
2015, the unrealized gain on fair value adjustment was a loss of $7,926,701 (gain of $10,683,896; 2014).   As of 
December 31, 2014, Management took the decision to write off the carrying value of one of the Corporation’s land 
assets as the asset had been impaired and Management believed it was unlikely that it could fully recover the asset 
in the future. This continues to be the case as of December 31, 2015.

Accuracy of Share Based Compensation Expense 

The estimate of the expense arising from share based compensation plans is another critical accounting 
estimate.  There are several sources of uncertainty that need to be considered in the estimate of the share based 
compensation expense recorded by the Corporation.  The ultimate expense is estimated by using a number of key 
assumptions such as the expected volatility of the share price, the dividends expected on the shares, the riskfree 
interest rate for the expected life of the options and future forfeiture rates.  For the year ending December 31, 2015, 
the cost of the share based payments totaled $977,725 (2014 - $1,838,904).  

Operating Environment of the Corporation

Mongolia displays many characteristics of an emerging market including relatively high inflation and interest rates.  
The tax and customs legislation in Mongolia is subject to varying interpretations and frequent changes.  The future 
economic performance of Mongolia is tied to continuing demand from China and continuing high global prices for 
commodities as well as being dependent upon the effectiveness of economic, financial and monetary measures 
undertaken by the Government of Mongolia together with tax, legal, regulatory and political developments.  
Management is unable to predict all developments that could have an impact on the Mongolian economy and 
consequently what effect, if any, they could have on the future financial position of the Corporation.

Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale

The Corporation makes judgments in determining whether certain non-current assets or group of assets and 
liabilities meet the specified criteria under IFRS for classification as held for sale.  At December 31, 2015, the 
Corporation has identified 4 investment properties, which meet the specified criteria, and has accounted for them 
as assets held for sale.

Deferred Tax Assets

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that deductible temporary differences will reverse 
in the foreseeable future and there will be sufficient future taxable profits against which the deductible temporary 
differences can be utilized. The Corporation reviews the carrying amount of deferred tax assets at the end of each 
reporting period which is reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that deferred tax assets recognized 
will be recovered, or increased to the extent that sufficient future taxable profit will be available to allow all or part 
of a previously unrecognized deferred tax asset to be recovered.  Estimates of future taxable income are based on 
forecasted cash flows from operations, available tax planning opportunities and expected timing of reversals of 
taxable temporary differences.

19

Section 7 – Risk Management

Credit risk

The Corporation’s exposure to credit risk is managed through risk management policies and procedures with 
emphasis on the quality of the investment portfolio.  For the year, most of the Corporation’s credit risk consisted of 
institutional deposits.  The majority of the funds invested are held in reputable Canadian or Mongolian banks.  The 
Corporation is in the early stages of development and is continually improving its policies in regards to monitoring 
its credit risk.

The Corporation is exposed to credit risk as an owner of real estate in which tenants may become unable to pay 
contracted rents.  The Corporation mitigates this risk by carrying out due diligence on significant tenants.  The 
Corporation’s properties are diversified across residential and commercial classes. Historically, bad debts have not 
been a substantial expense for the Corporation.

Liquidity risk

The Corporation does not believe its current maturity profile lends itself to any material liquidity risk, taking into 
account the level of cash and cash equivalents, investments and marketable securities as at December 31, 2015.  

As at December 31, 2015, the Corporation had working capital of $512,555 (2014- $596,123) comprised of cash 
and cash equivalents, other assets, net of trade and accrued liabilities and income taxes payable. Management 
considers the funds on hand to be sufficient to meet its ongoing obligations.

As of December 31, 2015, the Corporation does not have any material contractual obligations. 

Currency risk

The Corporation owns properties located in Mongolia and collects rental revenue in Mongolian Tögrög, and is 
therefore subject to foreign currency fluctuations that may impact its financial position and results.  Changes in 
the Mongolian Tögrög, U.S. dollar and Canadian dollar foreign currency exchange rates impact the fair value of 
securities denominated in Mongolian Tögrög and in U.S. dollars.  

Economic Volatility and Uncertainty

Over the past few years, economic volatility and uncertainty around the world has contributed to dramatically 
restricted access to capital and reduced capital markets activity for more speculative businesses.  The 
Corporation’s management believes that the Corporation has sufficient resources to carry on its business and 
remain a going concern. 

MGG holds the majority of its assets, investments and operations in the nation of Mongolia. Mongolia is presently 
experiencing drastic changes in its fast growing economy. Economic volatility and uncertainty in Mongolia could 
result in inflation, hyperinflation, economic stagnation, political extremism, and other similarly detrimental scenarios 
which could materially harm the Corporation.

As economic growth slowed down, one upside was much improved stability of the Tögrög. The Bank of Mongolia 
raised the policy rate by 1.0 percent to 13.0% in January of 2015 in an effort to curb inflation. The inflation rate 
started at 9.8% in January but due to weakening domestic demand decreased steadily over the year reaching 
7.3% in June, 4.9% in September and finally reached 1.9% Y-o-Y in December, the lowest point since 2009.

Depending on the requirements of MGG’s businesses, additional funds may be required to be raised in the capital 
markets and there is no guarantee that sufficient funds raised will be available to complete a financing required to 
augment the Corporation’s operations. 

Risks and Uncertainties

The Corporation, as part of its operations, carries financial instruments consisting of cash and cash equivalents, 
investments and marketable securities, accounts receivable, and trade payables and accrued liabilities.  It is 
Management’s opinion that the Corporation is not exposed to significant credit, interest or currency risks arising 
from these financial instruments except as otherwise disclosed in the notes to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements.

20

Certain members of parliament have recently asked to re-negotiate the agreement that exists between the 
government of Mongolia and Turquoise Hill regarding the current tax stability agreement.  There can be no certainty 
if any changes to the agreement will be reached and how it will impact the investment climate or future GDP growth 
of Mongolia.

Further information related to Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. and the risks and uncertainties of MGG is filed on the 
System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (“SEDAR”) and can be reviewed at www.sedar.com. 

Financial Instruments

The Corporation’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, investments and marketable 
securities, accounts receivable and trade and accrued payables.  The Corporation is subject to interest risk as it 
earns interest income from its cash deposits.  It is Management’s opinion that the Corporation is not exposed to 
significant credit risks arising from these financial instruments and that the fair value of these financial instruments 
approximates their carrying values.  Management believes that there are material currency risks associated to 
certain Financial Instruments of the Corporation as they are held in Mongolian Tögrög. For further discussion of 
financial instrument risks, see the Insurance and Financial Risk Management note. 

Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

Changes in securities laws no longer require the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of junior 
reporting issuers to certify that they have designed internal control over financial reporting, or caused it to be 
designed under their supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.

Instead, an optional form of certification has been made available to junior reporting issuers and has been used by 
the Corporation’s certifying officers for the December 31, 2015 annual filings. The new certification reflects what 
the Corporation considers to be a more appropriate level of CEO and CFO certification given the size and nature of 
the Corporation’s operations. This certification requires the certifying officers to state that: they have reviewed the 
interim MD&A and consolidated financial statements; they have determined that there is no untrue statement of a 
material fact, or any omission of material fact required to be stated which would make a statement or its omission 
misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made within the interim MD&A and consolidated 
financial statements; based on their knowledge, the interim filings, together with the other financial information 
included in the  interim filings, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and 
cash flows of the Corporation as of the date and for the periods presented in the filings.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments introduces new requirements for classifying and measuring financial assets and 
financial liabilities. Under IFRS 9, financial assets are classified and measured based on the business model in 
which they are held and the characteristics of their contractual cash flows. IFRS 9 also introduced additional 
changes related to financial liabilities.

The IASB also recently introduced amendments to IFRS related to hedge accounting. The Standard is not 
applicable until annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2015, but is available for early adoption.

In November 2013, the IASB issued three amendments affecting IFRS 9, IAS 7 and IAS 39. The first amendment 
sets out new hedge accounting requirements. The second amendment allows entities to apply the accounting for 
changes from own credit risk in isolation without applying the other requirements of IFRS 9. The third amendment 
removes the mandatory effective date of IFRS 9 from January 1, 2015 to a new date that will be determined when 
IFRS 9 is closer to completion.

Additional Information

Additional information relating to Mongolia Growth Group Ltd., including its interim financial statements, is available 
on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

21

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.
Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2015
(expressed in Canadian dollars)

22

23

Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.  
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position  

As at December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Assets 

Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents (note 5) 
Other assets (note 6) 

Non-current assets 
Investment properties (note 7) 
Property and equipment (note 8) 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Trade payables and accrued liabilities (note 9) 
Income taxes payable (note 10) 

Non-current liabilities 
Deferred income tax liability (note 10) 

Total liabilities 

Equity 

Share capital (note 11) 
Contributed surplus 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Deficit 

Total equity 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

1,035,272 
327,999 

1,645,421 
1,027,703 

1,363,271 

2,673,124 

46,473,749 
2,978,150 
49,451,899 

48,458,517 
2,974,950 
51,433,467 

50,815,170 

54,106,591 

704,426 
146,290 

1,925,655 
151,346 

850,716 

2,077,001 

990,109 

1,099,141 

1,840,825 

3,176,142 

54,369,332 
6,738,875 
(1,135,265)   
(10,998,597)   

53,789,459 
5,815,656 
(7,607,039) 
(1,067,627) 

48,974,345 

50,930,449 

Total equity and liabilities 

50,815,170 

54,106,591 

Commitments and contingencies (note 15) 

Approved by the Board of Directors 

         “Robert Scott”                                             Director     “Harris Kupperman”                          Director 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Consolidated Statement of Operations  

As at December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Revenue 
Rental income 
Gain (Loss) on disposal of investment property 
Other revenue 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

2,002,512 

1,822,392 
(116,182)                         56,105 
40,419 

61,178 

Total revenue 

1,947,508 

1,918,916 

Expenses 
Salaries and wages 
Other expenses (note 18) 
Development expense 
Share based payment (note 11) 
Depreciation (note 8) 

1,065,273 
1,599,892 
174,429 
977,725 
137,608 

2,677,203 
2,901,010 
- 
1,838,904 
126,018 

Total expenses 

3,954,927 

7,543,135 

Net investment income  

30,571 

66,606 

Unrealized  gain  (loss)  on 

fair  value 
adjustment  on  investment  properties 
(note 7) 

Impairment  
Finance expense 

(7,926,701)   

10,683,896 

219,749 
- 

402,339 
250,230 

Net income (loss) before income taxes    

(10,123,298)   

4,473,714 

Income taxes (note 10) 

(192,328)   

321,932 

Net Income (loss) for the year 

(9,930,970)   

4,151,782 

Net income (loss) per share (note 12) 
Basic 

From net income (loss) for the year 

Diluted 

From net income (loss) for the year 

(0.28) 

(0.28) 

0.12 

0.12 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd.  
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 

As at December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

Net Income (loss) for the year 

(9,930,970)   

4,151,782 

Other comprehensive (income) loss  
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to income or loss  
Unrealized  losses  on  translation  of  financial  statement 
functional 

operations  with  Mongolian  Tögrög 
currency to Canadian dollar reporting currency 

6,471,774 

(1,520,698) 

Total comprehensive income (loss) 

(3,459,196)  

2,631,084 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

As at December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Share capital 
$ 

Contributed 
surplus 
$ 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
loss 
$ 

Deficit 
$ 

Total 
$ 

Balance at January 1, 
2014 
Net  income  (loss)  for  the 
year 
Other comprehensive loss 

Liability settled by equity 
Share based payments 
Share capital issued (note 11)  

Balance  at  December  31, 
2014 

52,204,394   

4,423,914   

(6,086,341) 

(5,219,409)  

45,322,558 

-   
-   
52,204,394   

-   
-   
1,585,065   

-   
-   
4,423,914   

200,003   
1,838,904   
(647,165)  

- 
(1,520,698) 
(7,607,039) 

4,151,782  
-  
(1,067,627)  

4,151,782 
(1,520,698) 
47,953,642 

- 
- 
- 

-  
-  
-  

200,003 
1,838,904 
937,900 

53,789,459   

5,815,656   

(7,607,039) 

(1,067,627)  

50,930,449 

Share capital 
$ 

Contributed 
surplus 
$ 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
loss 
$ 

Retained 
earnings 
(deficit) 
$ 

Total 
$ 

53,789,459   

5,815,656   

(7,607,039)  

(1,067,627)  

50,930,449 

-   
-   
53,789,459   

525,367   
-   
54,506   

-   
-   
5,815,656   

-   
977,725   
(54,506)  

 - 
6,471,774  
(1,135,265)  

(9,930,970)  
-  
(10,998,597)  

(9,930,970) 
6,471,774 
47,471,253 

-  
-  
-  

-  
-  
-  

525,367 
977,725 
- 

54,369,332   

6,738,875   

(1,135,265)  

(10,998,597)  

48,974,345 

Balance at January 1, 
2015 

Net  income  (loss)  for  the 
year 
Other comprehensive income  

Liability settled by equity 
Share based payments 
Share capital issued (note 11)  

Balance  at  December  31, 
2015 

The  accompanying  notes  are  an 

integral  part  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements.

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Statement of Cash Flows 

As at December 31 

(expressed in Canadian dollars)	
  

Cash provided by (used in) 

Operating activities 
Net income (loss) for the year 
Items not affecting cash 

Depreciation of property and equipment (note 8) 
Share based payments (note 11) 
Deferred taxes (note 10) 

Realized loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment 
Realized loss on disposal of other asset 
Realized loss (gain) on disposal of investment properties (note 7) 
Impairment  
Unrealized loss (gain) on fair value adjustment on investment  

properties (note 7) 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

(9,930,970 ) 

4,151,782 

137,608  
977,725  
(234,440)  

126,018 
1,838,904 
9,024 

(17,175)        

-  
116,182  
219,749  

15,252 
144,107 
(56,105) 
402,339 

7,926,701  

(10,683,896) 

  (804,620)  

(4,052,575) 

Net change in non-cash working capital balances (note 16) 

(586,742)  

1,144,416 

Financing activities 
Proceeds from share issuance (note 11) 
Proceeds from long term debt, net of finance costs 
Repayment of long term debt 

Investing activities 
Disposal (acquisition) of property and equipment - Net 
Disposal of investment properties 
Acquisition of investment properties 
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary 

Effect of exchange rates on cash 

  (1,391,362)  

(2,908,159) 

-  
-  
-  

-  

937,900 
3,253,169 
(3,369,118) 

821,951 

27,128  
1,447,118  
(832,245 ) 
-  

(37,116) 
2,721,465 
(7,044,845) 
2,967,749 

642,001  

(1,392,747) 

(749,361)  

(3,478,955) 

139,212  

(245,943) 

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

(610,149)  

(3,724,898) 

Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning of year 

1,645,421  

5,370,319 

Cash and cash equivalents – End of year 

1,035,272 

1,645,421 

The  accompanying  notes  are  an 

integral  part  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements.

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

1  Corporate information 

Mongolia  Growth  Group  Ltd.  (MGG  or  the  Company)  was  incorporated  in  Alberta  on 
December 17,  2007,  and  is  a  real  estate  investment  and  development  company  participating  in 
the growth of the Mongolian economy through the ownership of commercial investment property 
assets in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.  

The Company’s common shares were previously listed on the Canadian National Stock Exchange 
(CNSX). On January 9, 2013, the Company filed an application for the de-listing of the common 
shares  from  the  CNSX  and  filed  an  application  for  the  listing  of  common  shares  on  the  TSX 
Venture Exchange (TSXV). The Company is now listed on the TSXV, having the symbol YAK. 

MGG  has  one  wholly-owned  subsidiary  at  December  31,  2015,  Mongolia  Barbados  Corp. 
Mongolia Barbados Corp. owns the wholly-owned subsidiaries MGG Properties LLC and Big Sky 
Capital  LLC.  Big  Sky  Capital  LLC  owns  the  wholly-owned  subsidiaries,  Carrollton  LLC,  Biggie 
Industries  LLC,  Orpheus  LLC,  Endymion  LLC,  Zulu  LLC,  Crescent  City  LLC,  Main  Street 
Acquisitions  LLC  (formerly  known  as  Tchoupitoulos  LLC),  and  Oceanus  LLC  (together  “the 
investment property operations”). The investment property operations are conducted in Big Sky 
Capital  LLC  and  its  subsidiaries.  No  active  business  operations  occur  in  Mongolia  Barbados 
Corp., MGG Properties LLC, Oceanus LLC, and Main Street Acquisitions LLC at this time. 

The  Company  is  registered  in  Alberta,  Canada,  with  its  Head  Office  at  its  registered  address  at 
Centennial Place, East Tower, 1900, 520  - 3rd Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 0R3. 
The Company’s Canadian headquarters are located at 100 King Street West, Suite 5600, Toronto, 
Ontario, M5X 1C9, Canada. The Company’s Mongolian investment property operations are based 
out of its office located at the MGG Properties Building, at the corner of Chinggis Ave. and Seoul 
St. in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. 

At December 31, 2015, the Company is organized into two business units based on the business 
operations: 

(cid:127)  Big Sky Capital LLC and its subsidiaries own investment properties which are located in 
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia and are held for the purpose of generating rental revenue, capital 
appreciation, and/or redevelopment; and 

(cid:127)  The  MGG  Corporate  office  is  located  in  Toronto,  Canada  and  administers  the  financial 
resources,  investment  portfolio  and  corporate  reporting  and  legal  functions  of  the 
Company. 

2  Basis of presentation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Company  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS),  as  issued  by  the  International  Accounting 
Standards  Board  (IASB).  The  significant  accounting  policies  used  in  the  preparation  of  these 
consolidated financial statements are summarized in note 3. 

The  consolidated  financial  statements,  including  the  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements, are presented in Canadian dollars ($) which is the Company’s presentation currency 
and  the  functional  currency  of  the  parent  company.  The  functional  currency  of  the  Company’s 
operating subsidiaries is the Mongolian National Tögrög (MNT). 

29

	
  
	
  
	
  
Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

These consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors of the Company 
for issue on April 19, 2016. 

3  Significant accounting policies 

a. 

Basis of measurement  

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost 
convention, as modified by the revaluation of investment properties.  

b.  Basis of consolidation  

These  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  MGG  and  its  wholly-
owned subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are entities controlled by MGG. Control exists when MGG 
is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has 
the  ability  to  affect  those  returns  through  its  power  over  the  entity.  The  financial 
statements  of  the  subsidiaries  are  prepared  for  the  same  reporting  year  as  MGG,  using 
consistent  accounting  policies.  Intercompany  balances  and  transactions,  and  any 
unrealized income and expenses arising from intercompany transactions, are eliminated in 
preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Upon  the  disposal  of  a  subsidiary, 
amounts  previously  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  in  respect  of  that  entity, 
are reclassified to income or loss.  

c.  Financial instruments 

Financial assets 

Financial  assets  are  classified  as  either  fair-value  through  profit  or  loss  (FVTPL)  or  loans 
and receivables. The classification depends on the purpose for which the asset was acquired. 
All  transactions  related  to  financial  instruments  are  recorded  on  a  trade  date  basis.  The 
Company’s accounting policy for each category is as follows: 

i) 

Fair value through profit or loss 

Financial  assets  at  FVTPL  are  financial  assets  held  for  trading.  A  financial  asset  is 
classified  in  this  category  if  it  is  acquired  principally  for  selling  in  the  short  term. 
Derivatives  are  also  categorized  as  held  for  trading  unless  they  are  designated  as 
hedges.    FVTPL  instruments  are  carried  at  fair  value  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
financial position with changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of 
operations. 

ii)  Loans and receivables    

These  assets  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  resulting  from  the  delivery  of  cash  or 
other assets by a lender to a borrower in return for a promise to repay on a specific date 
or dates, or on demand. They are initially recognized at cost, being the fair value of the 
consideration  paid  for  the  acquisition  of  the  investment.  After  initial  measurement, 
loans and receivables are measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest rate 
method,  less  any  impairment  losses.  Amortized  cost  is  calculated  taking  into  account 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

any  discount  or  premium  on  acquisition  and  includes  fees  that  are  an  integral  part  of 
the effective interest rate and transaction costs. 

Impairment on financial assets 

All  financial  assets  other  than  FVTPL  instruments  are  assessed  for  impairment  at  each 
reporting  date.  The  Company  assesses  whether  there  is  any  objective  evidence  that  a 
financial  asset  or  a  group  of  financial  assets  is  impaired.  A  financial  asset  or  group  of 
financial  assets  is  deemed  to  be  impaired,  if,  and  only  if,  there  is  objective  evidence  of 
impairment as a result of one or more events that has occurred after the initial recognition 
of the asset and that event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial 
asset or group of financial assets.  

Financial liabilities 

Financial  liabilities  are  classified  as  other  financial  liabilities,  based  on  the  purpose  for 
which the liability was incurred, and are comprised of trade payables and accrued liabilities. 
These  liabilities  are  initially  recognized  at  fair  value  net  of  any  transaction  costs  directly 
attributable  to  the  issuance  of  the  instrument  and  subsequently  carried  at  amortized  cost 
using  the  effective  interest  rate  method.  This  ensures  that  any  interest  expense  over  the 
period  to  repayment  is  at  a  constant  rate  on  the  balance  of  the  liability  carried  in  the 
statement of financial position.  Interest expense in this context includes initial transaction 
costs and premiums payable on redemption, as well as any interest or coupon payable while 
the liability is outstanding.  

Trade payables and accrued liabilities represent liabilities for goods and services provided to 
the  Company  prior  to  the  end  of  the  period  which  are  unpaid.  Trade  payable  amounts  are 
unsecured and are usually paid within 30 days of recognition. 

Fair value of financial instruments 

Fair  value  represents  the  price  at  which  a  financial  instrument  could  be  exchanged  in  an 
orderly  market,  in  an  arm’s  length  transaction  between  knowledgeable  and  willing  parties 
who are under no compulsion to act.  Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in 
the consolidated statement of financial position are measured and classified in a hierarchy 
consisting of three levels for disclosure purposes. The three levels are based on the priority 
of the inputs to the respective valuation technique. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest 
priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the 
lowest  priority  to  unobservable  inputs  (Level  3).  An  asset  or  liability’s  classification  within 
the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of significant input to its valuation. The 
input levels are defined as follows: 

(cid:127)  Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from unadjusted quoted prices in 

an active market for identical assets or liabilities. 

(cid:127)  Level  2  fair  value  measurements  are  those  derived  from  quoted  prices  in  markets 
that  are  not  active  or  inputs  that  are  observable  for  the  asset  or  liability,  either 
directly (i.e., as price) or indirectly (derived from prices). 

(cid:127)  Level  3  fair  value  measurements  are  those  derived  from  unobservable  inputs  that 
are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the estimated fair 
value of the assets or liabilities. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

The Company has implemented the following classifications: 

Level  1:    Unadjusted  quoted  prices  in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  or 
liabilities 

(cid:127)  The  Company  defines  active  markets  based  on  the  frequency  of  valuation  and  any 
restrictions or illiquidity on disposition of investments. The size of the bid/ask spread is 
used as an indicator of market activity for fixed maturity securities. Fair value is based 
on  market  price  data  for  identical  assets  obtained  from  the  investment  custodian, 
investment managers or dealer markets. The Company does not adjust the quoted price 
for such instruments. 

Level  2:    Quoted  prices  in  markets  that  are  not  active  or  inputs  that  are 
observable  either  directly  (i.e.  as  prices)  or  indirectly  (i.e.  derived  from 
prices) 

(cid:127)  Level 2 inputs include observable market information, including quoted prices for assets 
in markets that are considered less active. Fair value is based on or derived from market 
price  data  for  same  or  similar  instruments  obtained  from  the  investment  custodian, 
investment managers or dealer markets.  

Level  3:    Unobservable  inputs  that  are  supported  by  little  or  no  market 
activity  and  are  significant  to  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  assets  or 
liabilities 

(cid:127)  Level  3  assets  and  liabilities  would  include  financial  instruments  whose  values  are 
determined  using  internal  pricing  models,  discounted  cash  flow  methodologies,  or 
similar  techniques  that  are  not  based  on  observable  market  data,  as  well  as  assets  or 
liabilities  for  which  the  determination  of  estimated  fair  value  requires  significant 
management judgement or estimation.     

d.  Investment properties 

Investment  properties  include  properties  held  to  earn  rental  revenue,  for  capital 
appreciation, and/or for redevelopment. Investment properties are initially measured at fair 
value  which  is  most  often  the  purchase  price  plus  any  directly  attributable  expenditures. 
Investment  properties  are  subsequently  measured  at  fair  value,  which  reflects  market 
conditions  at  the  date  of  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position.  Gains  or  losses 
arising  from  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  investment  properties  are  recognized  in  the 
consolidated  statement  of  operations  in  the  year  they  arise.  A  key  characteristic  of  an 
investment property is that it generates cash flows largely independently of the other assets 
held  by  an  entity.  Subsequent  expenditure  is  included  in  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  only 
when  it  is  probable  that  future  economic  benefits  associated  with  the  item  will  flow  to  the 
Company  and  the  cost  of  the  item  can  be  measured  reliably.  All  other  repairs  and 
maintenance  costs  are  charged  to  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations  during  the 
financial  period  in  which  they  occur.  Substantially  all  of  the  Company’s  income  properties 
and properties under development are investment properties. 

Properties under development are measured at cost. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Certain  land  leases  held  under  an  operating  lease  are  classified  as  investment  properties 
when  the  definition  of  an  investment  property  is  met.  At  inception  these  leases  are 
recognized  at  the  lower  of  the  fair  value  of  the  property  and  the  present  value  of  the 
minimum lease payments. 

Some properties may be partially occupied by the Company, with the remainder being held 
for  rental  income  or  capital  appreciation.  If  that  part  of  the  property  occupied  by  the 
Company  can  be  sold  separately,  the  Company  accounts  for  the  portions  separately.  The 
portion  that  is  owner-occupied  is  accounted  for  under  IAS 16,  and  the  portion  that  is  held 
for rental income, capital appreciation or both is treated as investment property under IAS 
40.  When  the  portions  cannot  be  sold  separately,  the  whole  property  is  treated  as 
investment  property  only  if  an  insignificant  portion  is  owner-occupied.  The  Company 
considers the owner-occupied portion as insignificant when the property is more than 90% 
held to earn rental income or capital appreciation. In order to determine the percentage of 
the portions, the Company uses the size of the property measured in square metres. 

The fair value of investment properties was based on the nature, location and condition of 
the specific asset. The fair value is calculated at December 31 on the majority of investment 
properties by an independent, professional, qualified appraisal firm, whose appraisers hold 
recognized  relevant,  professional  qualifications  and  who  have  recent  experience  in  the 
locations  and  categories  of  the  investment  properties  valued.  The  remaining  investment 
properties’  fair  value  was  calculated  by  management  and  was  performed  by  qualified 
individuals  with  recent  experience  in  the  locations  and  categories  of  the  investment 
properties valued. 

Investment  property  purchases  where  the  Company  has  paid  either  the  full  or  partial 
purchase  proceeds  to  the  seller,  but  the  Company  has  not  yet  received  the  official  land  or 
building title from the Mongolian Property office are recorded at the lower of cost and fair 
value as Prepaid deposits on investment properties and classified within other assets. 

e.  Assets held for sale 

Assets, or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, are categorized as held for sale at 
the  point  in  time  when  the  asset  or  disposal  group  is  available  for  immediate  sale, 
management has committed to a plan to sell and is actively locating a buyer at a sales price 
that is reasonable in relation to the current fair value of the asset, and the sale is probable 
and  expected  to  be  completed  within  a  one  year  period.  Investment  property  that  is  to  be 
disposed  of  without  redevelopment  has  been  determined  to  not  have  a  change  in  use  and 
continues to be recorded in investment property. Investment property that has evidence of 
commencement  of  redevelopment  with  a  view  to  sell  is  transferred  to  assets  held  for  sale. 
Investment properties are measured by the guidelines of IAS 40 – Investment Property. All 
other  assets  held  for  sale  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  carrying  amounts  and  fair  value  less 
selling costs. An asset that is subsequently reclassified as held and in use, with the exception 
of investment property measured under the fair value model, is measured at the lower of its 
recoverable  amount  and  the  carrying  value  that  would  have  been  recognized  had  the  asset 
never been classified as held for sale. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

f.  Revenue recognition 

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to 
the  Company  and  the  revenue  can  be  reliably  measured.  Revenue  is  measured  at  the  fair 
value  of  the  consideration  received  or  receivable.  The  Company’s  specific  revenue 
recognition criteria are as follows: 

i)  Rental revenue 

The Company has not transferred substantially all of the benefits and risk of ownership 
of  its  investment  properties  and,  therefore,  the  Company  accounts  for  leases  with  its 
tenants  as  operating  leases.  Rental  revenue  includes  all  amounts  earned  from  tenants 
related to lease agreements including property tax and operating cost recoveries. 

The  Company  reports  minimum  rental  revenue  on  a  straight-line  basis,  whereby  the 
total  amount  of  cash  to  be  received  under  a  lease  is  recognized  into  earnings  in  equal 
periodic amounts over the term of the lease. 

Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned. 

Amounts  payable  by  tenants  to  terminate  their  lease  prior  to  their  contractual  expiry 
date (lease cancellation fees) are included in rental revenue at the time of cancellation. 

Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating an operating lease are added to the carrying 
amount  of  the  leased  asset.  Tenant  incentives  are  recognized  as  a  reduction  of  rental 
revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. 

ii) 

Investment income  

Investment income is recorded as it accrues using the effective interest method. 

g.  Cash and cash equivalents  

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  include  cash  at  bank,  deposits  held  at  call  with  banks,  other 
short-term bank deposits and highly liquid investments with an original term to maturity of 
three months or less at the date of purchase that are readily convertible to known amounts 
of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. 

h.  Property and equipment  

On initial recognition, property and equipment are valued at cost, being the purchase price 
and directly attributable cost of acquisition or construction required to bring the asset to the 
location  and  condition  necessary  to  be  capable  of  operating  in  a  manner  intended  by  the 
Company,  including  appropriate  borrowing  costs  and  the  estimated  present  value  of  any 
future unavoidable costs of dismantling and removing items.  

Property  and  equipment  is  subsequently  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation, 
less  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  All  repairs  and  maintenance  costs  are  charged  to 
the consolidated statement of operations during the period in which they occur.  

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Depreciation is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations and is provided on a 
straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the assets as follows:  

Buildings  
Furniture and fixtures  
Equipment  
Vehicles  

Straight-line over 40 years  
Straight-line over 5 to 10 years  
Straight-line over 1 to 5 years  
Straight-line over 10 years  

Impairment  reviews  are  performed  when  there  are  indicators  that  the  net  recoverable 
amount  of  an  asset  may  be  less  than  the  carrying  value.  The  net  recoverable  amount  is 
determined  as  the  higher  of  an  asset’s  fair  value  less  cost  to  dispose  and  value  in  use. 
Impairment  is  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations,  when  there  is 
objective evidence that a loss event has occurred which has impaired future cash flows of an 
asset.  In  the  event  that  the  value  of  previously  impaired  assets  recovers,  the  previously 
recognized impairment loss is recovered in the consolidated statement of operations at that 
time.  

An  item  of  property  and  equipment  is  derecognized  upon  disposal  or  when  no  further 
economic  benefits  are  expected  from  its  use.  Any  gain  or  loss  arising  on  de-recognition  of 
the  asset  (calculated  as  the  difference  between  the  net  disposal  proceeds  and  the  carrying 
amount  of  the  asset)  is  included  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations  in  the  period 
the asset is derecognized.  

Depreciation  methods,  useful  lives  and  residual  values  are  reviewed  at  each  financial  year 
end and adjusted if appropriate.  

i. 

Income taxes  

Income taxes are comprised of both current and deferred taxes. Current tax and deferred tax 
are  recognized  in  the  statement  of  operations  except  to  the  extent  that  it  relates  to  items 
recognized in OCI or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is recognized in OCI or directly 
in equity respectively.  

The  current  income  tax  charge  is  calculated  on  the  basis  of  the  tax  laws  enacted  or 
substantively  enacted  at  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position  date  in  the 
countries where the Company and its subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income and 
are  measured  at  the  amount  expected  to  be  recovered  from  or  paid  to  the  taxation 
authorities for the current and prior periods.  

Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recorded  for  the  expected  future  income  tax 
consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or 
income  tax  returns.  Deferred  income  taxes  are  provided  for  using  the  liability  method. 
Under  the  liability  method,  deferred  income  taxes  are  recognized  for  all  significant 
temporary differences between the tax and financial statement bases for assets and liabilities 
and  for  certain  carry-forward  items,  such  as  losses  and  tax  credits  not  utilized  from  prior 
years.  However,  if  the  deferred  income  tax  arises  from  initial  recognition  of  an  asset  or  a 
liability  in  a  transaction  other  than  a  business  combination  that  at  the  time  of  the 
transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable income, it is not accounted for.  

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Recognition  of  deferred  tax  assets  for  unused  tax  losses,  tax  credits  and  deductible 
temporary differences is restricted to those instances where, in the opinion of management, 
it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deferred tax asset 
can  be  realized.  Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  adjusted  for  the  effects  of 
changes  in  tax  laws  and  rates,  on  the  date  the  changes  in  tax  laws  and  rates  have  been 
enacted or substantively enacted.  

j.  Foreign exchange transactions  

Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  at  the  rate  of  exchange  in  effect  on  the  dates 
they  occur.  Gains  and  losses  arising  as  a  result  of  foreign  currency  transactions  are 
recognized in the current year consolidated statement of operations.  

Translation of foreign operations  

For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position 
of  the  Mongolian  operations  are  expressed  in  Canadian  dollars,  which  is  the  functional 
currency  of  the  parent,  and  the  presentation  currency  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  

The  Company  translates  the  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses  of  its  Mongolian 
operations  which  have  a  functional  currency  of  Mongolian  Tögrög,  to  Canadian  dollars  on 
the following basis:  

(cid:127)  Assets  and  liabilities  are  translated  at  the  closing  rate  of  exchange  in  effect  at  the 

(cid:127) 

consolidated statement of financial position date. 
Income  and  expense  items  are  translated  using  the  average  rate  for  the  month  in 
which  they  occur,  which  is  considered  to  be  a  reasonable  approximation  of  actual 
rates.  

(cid:127)  Equity items are translated at their historical rates.  
(cid:127) 

The translation adjustment from the use of different rates is included as a separate 
component of equity.  

k.  Comprehensive income  

Comprehensive  income  consists  of  net  income  (loss)  and  OCI.  OCI  includes  changes  in 
unrealized  gains  (losses)  on  the  translation  of  financial  statement  operations  with 
Mongolian Tögrög functional currency. 

l. 

 Share capital and deferred share issuance costs 

Ordinary  shares  issued  by  the  Company  are  classified  as  equity.  Costs  directly  identifiable 
with  the  raising  of  capital  will  be  charged  against  the  related  share  issue,  net  of  any  tax 
effect. Costs related to shares not yet issued are recorded as deferred financing costs. These 
costs will be deferred until the issuance of the shares to which the costs relate, at which time 
the  costs  will  be  charged  against  the  related  share  issuance  or  charged  to  operations  if  the 
shares are not issued.  

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

m.  Share based payment  

The  Company  offers  share  based  payment  plans  for  directors,  executive  management,  key 
employees and other key service providers. The purpose of the share based payment plan is 
to  enhance  the  ability  of  the  Company  to  attract  and  retain  Directors,  executive 
management, key employees and other key service providers whose training, experience and 
ability will contribute to the effectiveness of the Company and to directly align their interests 
with the interests of shareholders.  

The  Company’s  share  based  payment  plans  provide  for  the  granting  of  stock  options  to 
independent  Directors,  executive  management,  key  employees  and  other  key  service 
providers. Each stock option entitles the participant to receive one common share and can 
only  be  settled  with  the  issuance  of  common  shares,  and  as  a  result,  is  deemed  to  be  an 
equity-settled  share  based  payment  transaction.  Additionally,  the  Company  will  at  times 
grant restricted stock of the Company under the terms of the Restricted Stock Award Plan. 
Restrictions  on  such  shares  are  removed  as  the  vesting  conditions  are  met.  For  restricted 
shares, the holder is entitled to all dividend payments during the vesting period. Share based 
payment expense is measured based on the fair market value of the Company’s shares at the 
grant  date.  The  associated  compensation  expense  is  recognized  over  the  vesting  period  or 
service  period,  whichever  is  shorter  based  on  the  number  of  rewards  that  are  expected  to 
vest. 

Share  based  payment  arrangements  to  other  key  service  providers  in  which  the  Company 
receives  properties,  goods  or  services  as  consideration  for  its  own  equity  instruments  are 
measured at fair value.  

The fair value of stock options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model. The fair value of restricted shares granted is measured using the market price of the 
Company’s shares.  

Agent options granted as compensation for the issuance of shares are charged to share issue 
costs.  

Any consideration received upon the exercise of stock options is credited to common shares. 
In  the  event  that  vested  stock  options  expire  without  being  exercised,  previously  recorded 
compensation costs associated with such options are not reversed.  

n.  Earnings (loss) per share  

For both continuing and discontinued operations, the Company presents basic and diluted 
earnings  (loss)  per  share  (EPS)  data  for  its  common  shares.  Basic  EPS  is  calculated  by 
dividing  the  results  of  operations  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  of  the  Company  by 
the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS 
is  determined  by  adjusting  the  results  of  operations  attributable  to  common  shareholders 
and  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  the  effects  of  all 
dilutive potential common shares, which comprise share options. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

o. 

 Segment reporting 

Operating  segments  are  reported  in  a  manner  consistent  with  the  internal  reporting 
provided to the chief operating decision maker. The chief operating decision maker, who is 
responsible  for  allocating  resources  and  assessing  performance  of  operations,  has  been 
identified  as  the  Chief  Executive  Officer.  The  Company  is  now  managed  as  two  operating 
segments  based  on  how  information  is  produced  internally  for  the  purpose  of  making 
operating  decisions.  The  segments  are  defined  as  investment  property  operations  and 
corporate.  

p.  Leases  

The Company has entered into Mongolian government land leases on some of its investment 
properties. The Company, as a lessee, has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms 
and  conditions  of  the  arrangements,  that  these  land  leases  meet  the  definition  of  an 
investment  property  and  has  classified  them  as  such.  At  inception,  these  leases  are 
recognized  at  the  lower  of  the  fair  value  of  the  property  and  the  present  value  of  the 
minimum lease payments.  

The Company has entered into commercial and residential property leases on its investment 
properties. The Company as a lessor, has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms 
and  conditions  of  the  arrangements,  that  it  retains  the  significant  risks  and  rewards  of 
ownership  of  these  properties  and  therefore  accounts  for  these  agreements  as  operating 
leases.  

q.  Provisions and contingent liabilities  

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation 
as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic 
benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the 
amount  of  the  obligation.  When  the  Company  expects  some  or  all  of  the  provision  to  be 
reimbursed,  the  reimbursement  is  recognized  as  a  separate  asset  but  only  when  the 
reimbursement  is  virtually  certain.  The  expense  of  any  provision  is  recognized  in  the 
consolidated  statement  of  operations  net  of  any  reimbursement.  If  the  effect  of  the  time 
value  of  money  is  material,  provisions  are  discounted  using  a  current  pre-tax  rate  that 
reflects, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the 
increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a borrowing cost.  

Contingent liabilities are disclosed if there is a possible future obligation as a result of a past 
event, or if there is a present obligation as a result of a past event but either a payment is not 
probable or the amount cannot be reasonably estimated.  

r.  Accounting standards issued but not yet effective  

A number of new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations are effective for 
annual  periods  beginning  after  January  1,  2016  or  later  and  have  not  been  applied  in 
preparing these consolidated financial statements. Those which are relevant to the Company 
are  set  out  below.  The  Company  does  not  plan  to  adopt  these  standards  early  and  is 
continuing to evaluate the impact of such standards. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Annual Improvements 2012-2014 Cycle 

In the 2012-2014 annual improvements cycle, the IASB issued five amendments to four 
standards, and will apply to annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016.  The 
amendments  affect  IFRS  5  Non-current  assets  held  for  sale  and  discontinued 
operations,  IFRS  7  Financial  Instruments:  Disclosures,  IAS  19  Employee  Benefits,  and 
IAS  34  Interim  Financial  Reporting.    The  relevant  proposed  amendments  are  not 
expected to have a significant impact on the Company. 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments 

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments, first issued in November 2009 with final version released in 
July 2014 by the IASB, brings together the classification and measurement, impairment and 
hedge  accounting  phases  of  the  IASB’s  project  to  replace  IAS  39.  IFRS  9  introduces  a 
principles-based  approach  to  the  classification  of  financial  assets  based  on  an  entity’s 
business model and the nature of the cash flows of the asset. All financial assets, including 
hybrid  contracts,  are  measured  as  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss  (FVTPL),  fair  value 
through OCI or amortized cost.   

For  financial 
measurement previously included in IAS 39.   

liabilities,  IFRS  9 

includes  the  requirements  for  classification  and 

IFRS 9 also introduces an expected loss impairment model for all financial assets not as at 
FVTPL.  The  model  has  three  stages:  (1)  on  initial  recognition,  12-month  expected  credit 
losses  are  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  and  a  loss  allowance  is  established;  (2)  if  credit  risk 
increases significantly and the resulting credit risk is not considered to be low, full lifetime 
expected  credit  losses  are  recognized;  and  (3)  when  a  financial  asset  is  considered  credit-
impaired, interest revenue is calculated based on the carrying amount of the asset, net of the 
loss allowance, rather than its gross carrying amount.   

Finally,  IFRS  9  introduces  a  new  hedge  accounting  model  that  aligns  the  accounting  for 
hedge relationships more closely with an entity’s risk management activities.  The standard 
is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018.   

The  Company  is  currently  assessing  the  impact  of  IFRS  9  and  plans  to  adopt  the  new 
standard on the required effective date. 

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers 

IFRS  15  was  issued  in  May  2014  and  establishes  a  new  five-step  model  that  will  apply  to 
revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under IFRS 15 revenue is recognised at an 
amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange 
for  transferring  goods  or  services  to  a  customer.  The  principles  in  IFRS  15  provide  a  more 
structured approach to measuring and recognising revenue. 

The new revenue standard is applicable to all entities and will supersede all current revenue 
recognition requirements under IFRS. Either a full or modified retrospective application is 
required  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2018  with  early  adoption 
permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 15 and plans to adopt the 
new standard on the required effective date. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

IFRS 16 – Leases  

IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 Leases and related interpretations. The core principle is that a lessee 
recognize  assets  and  liabilities  for  all  leases  with  a  lease  term  of  more  than  12  months.  A 
lessee  is  required  to  recognize  a  right-of-use  asset  representing  its  right  to  use  the 
underlying  leased  asset  and  a  lease  liability  representing  its  obligation  to  make  lease 
payments. Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value 
basis. The measurement includes non-cancellable lease payments (including inflation-linked 
payments),  and  also  includes  payments  to  be  made  in  optional  periods  if  the  lessee  is 
reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease, or not to exercise an option to 
terminate  the  lease.  The  new  standard  is  intended  to  provide  a  faithful  representation  of 
leasing transactions, in particular those that do not currently require the lessees to recognize 
an asset and liability arising from an operating lease. IFRS 16 is effective for annual periods 
beginning  on  January  1,  2019,  with  early  adoption  permitted  for  entities  that  would  also 
apply IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. 

Amendments  to  IAS  16  and  IAS  38:  Clarification  of  Acceptable  Methods  of 
Depreciation and Amortization 

The amendments clarify the principle in IAS 16 and IAS 38 that revenue reflects a pattern of 
economic benefits that are generated from operating a business (of which the asset is part) 
rather than the economic benefits that are consumed through use of the asset. As a result, a 
revenue-based method cannot be used to depreciate property, plant and equipment and may 
only be used in very limited circumstances to amortize intangible assets. 

The  amendments  are  effective  prospectively  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  
January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are not expected to have 
any impact to the Company given that the Company has not used a revenue-based method 
to depreciate its non-current assets. 

4  Significant accounting estimates and judgements  

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make 
estimates  and  assumptions  about  the  future  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities.  Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  evaluated  based  on  historical  experiences 
and  other  factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable 
under  the  circumstances.  In  the  future,  actual  experience  may  differ  from  these  estimates  and 
assumptions. 

The effect of a change in an accounting estimate is recognized prospectively by including it in net 
income (loss) in the period of the change, if the change affects that period only, or in the period of 
the change and future periods, if the change affects both.  

Significant estimates made in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements include 
the following areas:  

(cid:127)  Fair value of investment properties – The estimate of fair value of investment properties 
is  the  most  critical  accounting  estimate  to  the  Company.  An  external  appraiser 
estimates the fair value of the majority of investment properties annually. The fair value 
of  investment  properties  is  based  on  the  nature,  location  and  condition  of  the  specific 
asset.  The  fair  value  of  investment  properties  represents  an  estimate  of  the  price  that 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

would be made in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties. 
The Company operates in the emerging real estate market of Mongolia, which given its 
current economic, political and industry conditions, gives rise to an increased inherent 
risk  given  the  lack  of  reliable  and  comparable  market  information.  The  significant 
estimates  underlying  the  fair  value  determination  are  disclosed  in  note  7.  Changes  in 
assumptions about these factors could materially affect the carrying value of investment 
properties.  

(cid:127)  Accuracy of share based compensation expense – The estimate of the ultimate expense 
arising  from  share  based  compensation  plans  is  another  critical  accounting  estimate. 
There  are  several  sources  of  uncertainty  that  need  to  be  considered  in  the  estimate  of 
the share based compensation expense recorded by the Company. The ultimate expense 
is estimated by using a number of key assumptions such as the expected volatility of the 
share  price,  the  dividends  expected  on  the  shares,  the  risk-free  interest  rate  for  the 
expected  life  of  the  option  and  future  forfeiture  rates.  Further  information  on  key 
assumptions including sensitivity analysis is included in note 11.  

(cid:127)  Operating environment of the Company – Mongolia displays many characteristics of an 
emerging  market  including  relatively  high  inflation  and  interest  rates.  The  tax  and 
customs  legislation  in  Mongolia  is  subject  to  varying  interpretations  and  frequent 
changes.  The  future  economic  performance  of  Mongolia  is  tied  to  the  continuing 
demand from China and global prices for commodities as well as being dependent upon 
the  effectiveness  of  economic,  financial  and  monetary  measures  undertaken  by  the 
legal,  regulatory  and  political 
Government  of  Mongolia 
developments.  Management  is  unable  to  predict  all  developments  that  could  have  an 
impact on the Mongolian economy and consequently what effect, if any, they could have 
on the future financial position of the Company.  

together  with 

tax, 

5  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at banks earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. The component of 
cash  and  cash  equivalents  account  currently  consists  only  of  cash  amounts  held  in  banks  or  on 
hand. 

The following table discloses the geographical location of cash and cash equivalents: 

Barbados 
Canada 
Mongolia 

2015 
$ 

7,003 
137,930 
13 
890,339 

2014 
$ 

1,703 
339,429 
1,304,289 

1,035,272 

1,645,421 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  not  collateralized,  the  carrying  amount  of  cash  and  cash 
equivalents approximates fair value. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

The credit quality of cash and cash equivalents balances may be summarized based on Standard 
and Poor’s ratings or equivalents of Moody’s and/or Fitch ratings. The credit quality at December 
31 was as follows: 

Cash on hand 
A or A+ rated 
-B or B+ rated 
Unrated 

$ 

$ 

2015 
$ 

3,245 
137,853 
887,171 
7,003 

2014 
$ 

3,216 
318,485 
1,079,405 
244,315 

Total cash and cash equivalents 

1,035,272 

1,645,421 

The  unrated  balance  relates  to  one  (2014  –  one)  private  bank  in  Barbados.    In  2014,  there  was 
also one commercial bank in Mongolia which had not been rated by any rating agency.  

6  Other assets 

Accounts receivable 
Prepaid expenses 
Prepaid deposits on investment properties 

2015 
$ 

222,601  
35,671  
69,727 

2014 
$ 

151,585 
77,229 
798,889 

327,999  

1,027,703 

Prepaid deposits on investment properties decreased from the prior year as the Company received the 
title  for  one  of  its  properties  for  which  the  value  was  subsequently  transferred  to  Investment 
Properties.  The remaining prepaid deposit on investment properties relates to one property for which 
a title has not been obtained. 

7 

Investment properties 

Balance - beginning of period 
Additions 

Acquisitions 
Capital expenditures 
Transfer from prepaid deposits 
Transfer from property and equipment 

Disposals 
Fair value adjustment 
Foreign exchange adjustments 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

48,458,517  

32,313,391 

- 

832,245  
750,869  

- 

(1,785,637)  
(7,926,701)  
6,144,456  

9,099,706 
1,435,909 
722,572 
689,054 
(5,228,204) 
10,801,466 
(1,375,377) 

Balance – end of period 

46,473,749  

48,458,517 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

During  the  year,  the  Company  recorded  a  $7,926,701  unrealized  fair  value  loss  (2014  - 
$10,801,466 gain) on its investment properties.  

Ten  investment  properties  were  sold  during  the  year  for  total  cash  consideration  of  $1,669,455 
resulting in a net loss of $116,182 on these transactions. A deposit of $271,024 was received for 
the sale of one of these properties in 2014. 

As  of  December  31,  2015,  included  in  investment  properties  are  four  investment  properties 
actively being marketed for sale that are to be disposed without redevelopment with a fair value 
of $2,970,114  (December 31, 2014 - $1,109,821).  As at December 31, 2015, a deposit of $48,688 
has been received relating to the sale of one of these properties. 

Investment properties by major category are as follows: 

Residential 
Office 
Retail 
Land and redevelopment sites 

2015 
$ 

285,170   
4,649,657   
25,842,764   
15,696,158   

2014 
$ 

357,160 
5,039,196 
27,645,411 
15,416,750 

46,473,749   

48,458,517 

Investment  properties  with  an  aggregate  fair  value  of  $40,075,384  (2014  -  $43,435,936)  at 
December 31, were valued by an external independent valuation professional  who  is deemed to 
be  qualified  appraiser  who  holds  a  recognized,  relevant,  professional  qualification  and  who  has 
recent  experience  in  the  locations  and  categories  of  the  investment  properties  valued.  The 
carrying  value  of  investment  properties  valued  by  the  external  appraiser  at  December 31,  2015 
and 2014 agrees to the valuations reported by the external appraiser.  

The Company determined the fair value of investment properties using the income approach and 
the sales comparison approach, which are generally accepted appraisal methodologies.  

Under the income approach, the methodology used was the direct capitalization approach which 
is based on rental income and yields. Rental incomes were based on current rent and reasonable 
and  supportable  assumptions  that  represent  what  knowledgeable,  willing  parties  would  assume 
about rental income from future rent in light of current conditions adjusted for non-recoverable 
property costs. Yields were determined using data from real estate agencies, market reports and 
property  location  among  other  things  in  determining  the  appropriate  assumptions.  Under  this 
method,  year  one  income  is  stabilized  and  capped  at  a  rate  deemed  appropriate  for  each 
investment property.  

The  sales  comparison  approach  analyzes  all  available  information  of  sales  of  comparable 
properties that have recently taken place or have recently been marketed and adjusts the price to 
reflect differences in the property valued and sold. 

The  entire  portfolio  of  investment  properties  has  been  valued  using  the  income  approach,  the 
sales comparison approach or a combination thereof. 

Under the fair value hierarchy, the fair value of the Company's investment properties is considered a 
level three, as defined in note 3. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

The key valuation assumptions for commercial investment properties are as follows: 

Maximum 

  Minimum   

 2015 

Weighted- 
average 

Capitalization rate 

11.0% 

8.5% 

9.51% 

Maximum 

  Minimum 

2014 

Weighted- 
average 

Capitalization rate 

11.5% 

8.0% 

9.75% 

The  following  sensitivity  table  outlines  the  impact  of  a  0.25%  change  in  the  weighted  average 
capitalization rate on investment properties at December 31, 2015: 

Change to fair value if 
capitalization rate 
increased 0.25% 

Change to fair value if 
capitalization rate 
decreases 0.25% 

ComCommercial property 

$(255,374) 

$269,626 

Additional valuation assumptions include the rental revenue per square meter, grade quality of the 
property and comparable market data. Changes to these assumptions could have a material impact on 
the fair value of the Company’s investment properties. 

Investment properties of $753,746 (2014 - $26,666,348) have no rental revenue associated with them 
at December 31, 2015. 

Investment  properties  include  land  held  under  operating  leases  with  an  aggregate  fair  value  of 
$15,691,687  (2014 - $15,416,750) at December 31 2015. 

Certain investment properties held by the Company are leased out under operating leases. The future 
minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases are as follows: 

Less than 1 year 
Between 1 and 5 years 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

1,647,994 
612,571 

1,509,802 
1,047,863 

2,260,565 

2,557,665 

Direct operating expenses arising from investment properties that generated rental income during the 
year was $1,557,740 (2014 - 1,556,367). Direct operating expenses arising from investment properties 
that did not generate rental income during the year was $19,011 (2014 - $125,116). 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

8  Property and equipment 

Furniture 
and 
fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2015 

Total 
$ 

Cost 

At January 1 
Additions 
Disposals 
Impairment 
Foreign  exchange 
adjustment 

102,343 
1,743 
(5,197)   

- 

177,233 
41,344 

(369)   
- 

26,829 
- 
- 
- 

2,972,460 
- 

(54,596)   
(219,749)   

3,278,865 
43,087 
(60,162) 
(219,749) 

9,550 

22,551 

3,419 

374,169 

409,689 

At December 31 

108,439 

240,759 

30,248 

3,072,284 

3,451,730 

Furniture 
and 
fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2015 

Total 
$ 

Accumulated 

depreciation  

At January 1 
Depreciation 
Disposals 
Foreign  exchange 
adjustment 

20,202 
9,661 
(3,184)   

67,527 
49,399 

(369)   

10,276 
2,642 
- 

205,910 
75,906 
(3,569)   

303,915 
137,608 
(7,122) 

2,236 

6,747 

1,464 

28,732 

39,179 

At December 31 

28,915 

123,304 

14,382 

306,979 

473,580 

Net book value at 
December 31  

79,524 

117,455 

15,866 

2,765,305 

2,978,150 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Furniture 
and 
fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2014 

Total 
$ 

Cost 

At January 1 
Additions 
Disposals 
Transfers  
Foreign  exchange 

adjustment 

71,844 
42,566 
(4,787)   

- 

111,745 
45,772 
- 
18,690 

137,170 
- 

(92,439)   
(18,690)   

3,863,751 
- 
- 

(738,823)   

4,184,510 
88,338 
(97,226) 
(738,823) 

(7,280)   

1,026 

788 

(152,468)   

(157,934) 

At December 31   

102,343 

177,233 

26,829 

2,972,460 

3,278,865 

Furniture 
and 
fixtures 
$ 

Equipment 
$ 

Vehicles 
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

2014 

Total 
$ 

Accumulated 

depreciation  

At January 1 
Depreciation 
Disposals 
Transfers 
Foreign 

exchange 

16,873   
5,656   
(1,637)  
-   

26,267 
39,058 
- 
2,172 

31,472 
10,042 
(29,115)   
(2,172)   

194,206 
71,262 
- 

(49,769)   

268,818 
126,018 
(30,752) 
(49,769) 

adjustment 

(690)  

30 

49 

(9,789)   

(10,400) 

At December 31 

20,202   

67,527 

10,276 

205,910 

303,915 

Net book value at 
December 31  

82,141   

109,706 

16,553 

2,766,550 

2,974,950 

9  Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

Trade and accrued payables 
Security deposit 
Unearned revenue 
Deposit on investment property sales 

2015 
$ 

450,063 
163,668 
42,007 
48,688 

704,426 

2014 
$ 

1,403,004 
188,970 
62,657 
271,024 

1,925,655 

The carrying amounts above reasonably approximate fair value at the consolidated statement of 
financial position date. All trade and other payables are current. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

10  Income taxes 

a)  Effective tax rate 

The income tax expense reflects an effective tax rate that differs from the combined tax rate 
for Canadian federal and provincial corporate taxes for the following: 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

Net income (loss) before income taxes 

Combined statutory tax rate 

(10,123,298)   
26.5% 

4,473,714 
26.5% 

Tax  payable  (recoverable)  based  on  statutory  tax 

rate 
Effect of: 

Permanent differences 
Tax rate variances of foreign subsidiaries 
assets not recognized 

Provision for (recovery of) income taxes 

Current 
Deferred 

(2,682,674)   

1,185,534 

150,537 
2,118,993 
220,816 

361,829 
(1,846,320) 
620,889 

(192,328)   

321,932 

42,112 
(234,440)   

312,890 
9,042 

Provision 

(recovery  of) 

for 
continuing operations 

income 

taxes 

- 

(192,328)   

321,932 

b)  Deferred income taxes 

Differences  between  IFRS  and  statutory  taxation  regulations  in  Mongolia  give  rise  to 
temporary  differences  between  the  carrying  amount  of  assets  and  liabilities  for  financial 
reporting purposes and their tax bases.  

The  Company  did  not  recognize  a  deferred  tax  asset  in  these  consolidated  financial 
statements as there is uncertainty with regard to the recoverability of the asset for both the 
Canadian and Mongolian entities.  

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

In accordance with Canadian tax law, the taxable losses can be forward twenty years. There are 
$8,384,826 (2014 - $7,935,753) of non-capital losses relating to the Canadian entity. 

The losses expire as follows: 

Year of expiry 

2030 
2031 
2032 
2033 
2034 
2035 

Non-capital 
loss 

$   

411,389   
575,039   
1,658,782   
2,708,970   
2,249,090   
                781,556   

No  future  tax  benefit  has  been  recorded  on  these  non-capital  loss  carry  forwards  as  the 
timing for potential realization of these future benefits is uncertain.  

Components of the deferred tax liabilities are as follows: 

Deferred tax liabilities 

Investment properties 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

990,109 

1,099,141 

990,109 

1,099,141 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

11  Share capital and contributed surplus 

Common shares 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common and preferred shares. 

The issued and outstanding common shares are as follows: 

  Balance, December 31, 2013 

  New shares issued 
  RSAs vested 

                   Options exercised 

Number of 
shares 
34,303,352 

125,000 
30,393 
390,000 

Amount 
$ 
52,204,394 

250,000 
70,815 
1,264,250 

Balance, December 31, 2014 

34,848,745 

53,789,459 

New shares issued 
RSAs vested 

640,691 
23,393 

525,367 
54,506 

Balance, December 31, 2015 

35,512,829 

54,369,332 

a)  Stock options 

Balance, January 1, 2014 
Granted 
Cancelled 
Exercised 
Forfeited 

Number of 
options 

1,957,000 
1,538,000 
(297,000)   
(390,000)   
(360,000)   

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
$ 
3.76 
1.70 
4.20 
1.76 
4.08 

December 31, 2014 

2,448,000 

2.61 

Balance, January 1, 2015 
Granted 
Cancelled 
Forfeited 

December 31, 2015 

2,448,000 
1,575,000 
(615,000)   
(120,000)   

3,288,000 

2.61 
0.73 
3.98 
     1.56 

1.45 

The  Company  has  established  a  share  based  payment  plan  (the  "Plan")  to  encourage 
its  shares  by  key  management  personnel  (directors  and  executive 
ownership  of 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

management), employees and other key service providers, and to provide compensation for 
certain services. The Plan provides for the issuance of stock options in an aggregate number 
of up to 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares, calculated from time to time. 
At  December  31,  2015,  the  Company  had  239,890  (2014  -  1,036,874)  common  shares 
available for the granting of future options under the new plan. The Company does not have 
any cash-settled transactions. 

On  March  1,  2013,  475,000  options  were  granted  to  employees  and  consultants  of  the 
Company. These options allow the holder to acquire common shares at a price of $4.13 per 
share for each option exercised. Of these options 375,000 vest in four equal annual tranches 
each year over four years and expire on March 1, 2018 and 125,000 of these options vested 
and became exercisable immediately and expire on March 1, 2016. 

On  December  20,  2013,  the  Company  disposed  of  its  investment  in  Mandal  General 
Insurance  resulting  in  the  immediate  vesting  of  143,000  shares.  The  options  became 
exercisable  immediately  and  expired  on  January  20,  2014.  None  of  these  options  were 
exercised.  

On March 3, 2014, the Company issued 1,128,000 five year stock options at a price of $1.90 
per share and 35,000 three year stock options at a price of $1.90. Of these options issued, 
192,000 were issued in satisfaction of approximately $200,000 of directors fees which had 
been accrued at December 31, 2013. 

On  December  15,  2014,  the  Company  issued  375,000  five  year  stock  options  at  a  price  of 
$1.09 to the new Directors of the Company.  The options vested immediately. 

On April 2, 2015, the Company issued 935,000 options at a price of $0.72 to employees of 
the  Company.    These  options  vested  in  two  tranches  whereas  the  first  tranche  vested 
immediately and the second tranche will vest on April 2, 2016. 

On  April  7,  2015,  640,000  options  were  issued  to  Directors  of  the  Company  at  a  price  of 
$0.74. These options vested immediately. 

A  summary  of  the  Company’s  options  as  at  December  31  and  changes  during  the  periods 
then ended follows: 

December 
31,  
2015 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

Balance, beginning of the year 
Options cancelled 
Options granted 
Options exercised 
Options forfeited 

2,448,000 

(615,000)   
1,575,000 
- 

(120,000)   

$   

2.61 
3.98 
0.73 

  -   
1.56   

December 
31,  
2014 

1,957,000 
(297,000)   
1,538,000 
(390,000)   
(360,000)   

Balance, end of the year 

3,288,000 

1.45 

2,448,000 

Exercisable 

2,510,500 

1.53 

1,385,000 

Weighted remaining 
average life (years) 

3.51  

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
$ 
3.76 
4.20 
1.70 
1.76 
4.08 

2.61 

2.46 

3.63 

50

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

During the year, no options were exercised (2014 – 390,000), however, 23,393 RSAs vested 
increasing the shares issued by the same amount.   

Additionally during 2015, 120,000 options with a weighted average exercise price of $1.56 were 
forfeited  and  615,000  options  with  a  weighted  average  exercise  price  of  $3.98  were  cancelled 
during this time.  

The fair value associated with the options issued in April was calculated using the Black-Scholes 
model  for  options  valuation,  assuming  volatility  of  67.5%  on  the  underlying  units,  a  risk  free 
interest rate ranging from 0.73%-0.76% and a forfeiture rate of nil based on the composition of 
the option holders.  

Share  prices  for  the  calculation  were  the  closing  price  on  the  TSXV  on  the  date  of  issue  of  the 
options.  The  Company  has  assumed  the  options  will  be  exercised  at  the  end  of  the  term  of  the 
option. 

The  Company  considered  its  historical  share  price  over  the  last  four  years  in  determining  the 
volatility to use in the option valuation. Prior to 2014, given the lack of sufficient information on 
historical  volatility,  it  also  considered  historical  volatility  of  similar  entities  following  a 
comparable period in their lives. 

The approximate impact of an increase of 1o% in the volatility assumption for the options issued 
in the current year would decrease net income of the Company by $67,272 (2014- $106,687). The 
approximate impact of a decrease of 10% in the volatility assumption would increase net income 
of the Company by $73,154 (2014 - $116,905.) 

Options outstanding 2015 

Number outstanding 

130,000 
20,000 
5,000 
125,000 
1,078,000 
375,000 
915,000 
640,000 

3,288,000 

Weighted 
average 
remaining life 
(years) 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 

$   

Weighted 
average at 
grant date 

0.32 
0.69 
0.92 
0.17 
3.11 
3.94 
4.26 
4.27 

3.51 

4.20 
4.77 
4.25 
4.13 
1.90 
1.09 
0.72 
0.74 

1.45 

4.04 
4.70 
4.14 
4.09 
2.13 
1.15 
0.74 
0.80 

 1.54 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Options outstanding 2014 

Number outstanding 

50,000 
130,000 
75,000 
100,000 
190,000 
400,000 
1,128,000 
375,000 

2,448,000 

Weighted 
average 
remaining life 
(years) 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 

$   

Weighted 
average at 
grant date 

6.19 
1.32 
1.69 
1.92 
2.23 
2.92 
4.11 
4.94 

3.63 

1.64 
4.20 
4.77 
4.25 
4.00 
4.13 
1.90 
1.09 

2.61 

1.78 
4.04 
4.70 
4.14 
4.00 
4.09 
2.13 
1.15 

 2.52 

Restricted Stock Awards 

The Company has granted restricted stock of the Company to certain individuals under the terms 
of the Restricted Stock Award Plan of the Company. Restrictions on such shares are removed as 
vesting conditions are met. 

 The number of restricted shares granted under the Restricted Stock Award Plan was as follows: 

December 
31, 
 2015 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

December 
31,  
2014 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
$ 

Balance, beginning of period 
RSAs forfeited 
RSAs vested 

46,786 
- 

(23,393)   

Balance, end of the period 

23,393 

$   

-   
-   
-   

-   

91,179 
(14,000)   
(30,393)   

46,786 

- 
- 
- 

- 

The fair value of the restricted shares granted during the 2015 year was $7,954 (2014- $212,447) 
at the time of the grant (weighted average grant price of $2.33 per share) and was based on the 
market price of the Company’s shares at that time. 

During  the  2015  year,  the  Company  recorded  net  compensation  expense  of  $39,527  (2014  - 
$127,230) for the Restricted Share Plan within the share based payment expenses. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

b)  Earnings per share 

The following table summarizes the shares used in calculating earnings (loss) per share:  

Weighted average number of shares - basic 
Effect of dilutive stock options 

2015 
$ 

35,315,357  
-  

2014 
$ 

34,652,992 
- 

Weighted average number of shares - diluted 

35,315,357  

34,652,992 

Basic earnings (loss) per share are derived by dividing net income (loss) for the year by the 
weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  the  period.  The  effect  of 
potentially dilutive securities is excluded if they are anti-dilutive. 

There  have  been  no  significant  capital  transactions  from  the  reporting  date  to  the  date  of 
this filing which have had a material impact on earnings per share.  

12  Management of capital structure 

The  Company’s  objective  when  managing  capital  is  to  ensure  the  Company  is  capitalized  in  a 
manner which provides a strong financial position for its shareholders. 

The  Company’s  capital  structure  includes  equity  and  working  capital.  In  managing  its  capital 
structure,  the  Company  considers  future  investment  and  acquisition  opportunities,  potential 
credit available and potential issuances of new equity. The Company’s objective is to maintain a 
flexible  capital  structure  that  will  allow  it  to  execute  its  stated  business.  Upon  acquiring 
investment  properties  and  operating  businesses,  the  Company  will  strive  to  balance  its 
proportion  of  debt  and  equity  within  its  capital  structure  in  accordance  with  the  needs  of  the 
continuing business. The Company may, from time to time, issue shares and adjust its spending 
to manage current and projected proportions as deemed appropriate. 

The  method  used  by  the  Company  to  monitor  its  capital  is  based  on  an  assessment  of  the 
Company’s  working  capital  position  relative  to  its  projected  obligations.  At  December  31,  2015, 
the Company’s working capital was $512,555 (2014 - $596,123) and the Company had no debt. 

Current assets 
Current liabilities 

Working capital 

2015 
$ 

1,363,271 
850,716 

2014 
$ 

2,673,124 
2,077,001 

512,555 

596,123 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

13  Financial risk management 

The  Board  of  Directors  ensures  that  management  has  put  appropriate  risk  management 
processes  in  place.  Through  the  Audit  Committee,  the  Board  oversees  such  risk  management 
procedures  and  controls.  Management  provides  updates  to  the  Audit  Committee  on  a  quarterly 
basis with respect to risk management. 

Catastrophe risk 

The  Company  obtained 
approximately $23,700,000 (2014 - $24,600,000).  

insurance  on  buildings  and  all  permanent 

fixtures  totalling 

Credit risk  

Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected financial loss to the Company if a third party fails to fulfill 
its performance obligations under the terms of a financial instrument. The Company’s credit risk 
arises principally from the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and receivables.  

The  following  table  summarizes  the  Company’s  maximum  exposure  to  credit  risk  on  the 
consolidated statement of financial position. The maximum credit exposure is the carrying value 
of the asset, net of any allowances for loss. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts receivable 

2015 
$ 

1,035,272 
222,601 

2014 
$ 

1,645,421 
151,585 

Maximum  credit  risk  exposure  on  the  consolidated 

statement of financial position 

1,257,873 

1,797,006 

The  Company’s  exposure  to  credit  risk  is  managed  through  risk  management  policies  and 
procedures  with  emphasis  on  the  quality  of  the  investment  portfolio.  The  majority  of  the  funds 
invested are held in reputable Barbadian, Canadian or Mongolian banks.  

The  Company  is  exposed  to  credit  risk  as  an  owner  of  real  estate  in  that  tenants  may  become 
unable to pay the contracted rents. The Company mitigates this risk by carrying out appropriate 
credit checks and related due diligence on the significant tenants. The Company’s properties are 
diversified across residential and commercial classes. 

Liquidity risk  

Liquidity  risk  is  the  risk  of  having  insufficient  cash  resources  to  meet  financial  obligations 
without  raising  funds  at  unfavourable  rates  or  selling  assets  on  a  forced  basis.  Liquidity  risk 
arises from the general business activities and in the course of managing the assets and liabilities. 
The purpose of liquidity management is to ensure that there is sufficient cash to meet all financial 
commitments  and  obligations  as  they  fall  due.  The  liquidity  requirements  of  the  Company’s 
business are met primarily by funds generated from operations, liquid investments and income 
and  other  returns  received  on  investments.  Cash  provided  from  these  sources  is  used  primarily 
for investment property operating expenses.  

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

As  at  December  31,  2015,  the  Company  does  not  believe  the  current  maturity  profile  of  the 
Company lends itself to any material liquidity risk, taking into account the level of cash and cash 
equivalents, investments and marketable securities as at December 31, 2015. The Company does 
not have material liabilities that can be called unexpectedly at the demand of a third party. 

The following table summarizes the undiscounted cash flows of financial assets and liabilities by 
contractual or expected maturity: 

December 31, 2015 

One year or 
less 
$ 

One to two 
years 
$ 

No maturity 
date 
$ 

Financial Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts receivables  

Financial Liabilities 
Trade  payables  and  accrued 
liabilities 

1,035,272 
222,601 

1,257,873 

704,426 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

December 31, 2014 

One year or 
less 
$ 

One to two 
years 
$ 

No maturity 
date 
$ 

Financial Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts receivables  

Financial Liabilities 
Trade  payables  and  accrued 
liabilities 

1,645,421 
151,585 

1,797,006 

1,925,655 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

Market risk 

Market risk includes interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk. 

i) 

Interest rate risk  

Interest rate risk is the potential for financial loss arising from changes in interest rates. 
Changes in interest rate levels generally impact the financial results to the extent that 
reinvestment  yields  are  different  than  the  original  yields  on  fixed  income  securities. 
Changes in interest rates will affect the fair value of the fixed income securities. During 
periods of rising interest rates, the market value of the existing fixed income securities 
will generally decrease. During periods of declining interest rates the opposite is true.  

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

The  Company  is  not  directly  exposed  to  interest  rate  risk  at  December  31,  2015  and 
2014. 

ii)  Currency risk  

Currency  risk  represents  the  risk  that  the  Company  incurs  losses  due  to  exposure  to 
foreign  currency  fluctuations.  The  Company  owns  properties  and  carries  out  related 
business  operations  in  Mongolia,  and  is  therefore  subject  to  foreign  currency 
fluctuations that may impact its financial position and results.  

The  approximate  impact  of  an  increase  of  10%  in  the  Mongolian  Tögrög  against  the 
Canadian  dollar  would  increase  the  OCI  of  the  Company  by  $4,773,378  (2014  - 
$766,111).  The  approximate  impact  of  a  decrease  of  10%  in  the  Mongolian  Tögrög 
against the Canadian dollar would decrease OCI of the Company by $4,339,435 (2014 - 
$935,558).  

iii)  Other price risk 

Other  price  risk  market  fluctuation  risk  is  where  fluctuations  in  the  value  of  equity 
securities  affect  the  level  and  timing  of  recognition  of  gains  and  losses  on  securities 
held,  and  cause  changes  in  realized  and  unrealized  gains  and  losses.  As  the  Company 
does not have any equity investments, it does not have any exposure to equity risk. 

Economic risk 

Mongolian  tax,  currency  and  customs  legislation  is  subject  to  varying  interpretations,  and 
changes, which can occur frequently. Management’s interpretation of such legislation as applied 
to the transactions and activity of the Company may be challenged by tax authorities.  

Mongolian tax authorities may be taking a more assertive position in their interpretation of the 
legislation and assessments, and it is possible that transactions and activities that have not been 
challenged  in  the  past  may  be  challenged  by  tax  authorities.  As  a  result,  significant  additional 
taxes,  penalties  and  interest  may  be  assessed.  Fiscal  periods  remain  open  to  review  by  the 
authorities in respect of taxes for five calendar years preceding the year of review. Under certain 
circumstances reviews may cover longer periods. 

Mongolian  tax  legislation  does  not  provide  definitive  guidance  in  certain  areas,  specifically  in 
areas such as Value added tax (VAT), corporate income tax, personal income tax and other areas. 
From time to time, the Company adopts interpretations of such uncertain areas that reduce the 
overall tax rate of the Company. As noted above, such tax positions may come under heightened 
scrutiny as a result of recent developments in administrative and court practices. The impact of 
any challenge by the tax authorities cannot be reliably estimated; however, it may be significant 
to the financial position and/or the overall operations of the entity.  

The  Company’s  management  believes  that  its  interpretation  of  the  relevant  legislation  is 
appropriate  and  the  Company’s  tax  positions  will  be  sustained.  Management  believes  that  tax 
risks are remote at present.  

Management  performs  regular  re-assessments  of  tax  risk  and  its  position  may  change  in  the 
future as a result of the change in conditions that cannot be anticipated with sufficient certainty 
at present. 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

14  Related party transactions 

Parties are generally considered to be related if the parties are under common control or if one 
party has the ability to control the other party or can exercise significant influence or joint control 
over the other party in making financial and operational decisions. In considering each possible 
related  party  relationship,  attention  is  directed  to  the  substance  of  the  relationship,  not  merely 
the legal form.  

Key  management  personnel  of  the  Company  include  all  directors  and  executive  management. 
The summary of compensation for key management personnel is as follows: 

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits 
Share-based payments 
Termination benefits 

2015 
$ 

170,685 
492,661 
- 

2014 
$ 

438,006 
929,311 
870,540 

663,346 

2,237,857 

15  Commitments and contingencies 

From  time  to  time  and  in  the  normal  course  of  business,  claims  against  the  Company  may  be 
received. On the basis of management’s assessments and professional legal advice, management 
is of the opinion that no material losses will be incurred and no provision or disclosure has been 
made in these consolidated financial statements. 

The  Company  indemnifies  its  directors  and  officers  against  any  and  all  claims  or  losses 
reasonably incurred in the performance of their service to the Company to the extent permitted 
by law. 

16  Supplementary cash flow information 

Changes in non-working capital arising from 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

Other assets 
Trade payables and accrued liabilities 
Income tax payable 

(12,659)  
(579,139)  
5,056 

3,557,875 
(2,563,665) 
150,206 

Changes  in  non-cash  working  capital  from  operating 

activities  

(586,742)  

1,144,416 

Income tax paid during the year was $44,528 (2014 - $75,991).   No interest was paid during the 
year (2014 - $250,230). 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

17  Segment information 

The  Company’s  operations  are  conducted  in  two  reportable  segments;  Investment  Property 
Operations and Corporate. The Company reports information about its operating segments based 
on the way management organizes and reports the segments within the organization for making 
operating decisions and evaluating performance. 

Investment  Property  operations  consist  of  commercial  and  residential  investment  property  in 
Mongolia held for the purposes of rental revenue, capital appreciation or redevelopment. These 
properties are managed by Big Sky Capital LLC and its subsidiaries. 

The Company evaluates performance based on net income (loss) before income taxes.  

Investment 
Property 
$ 

2,002,512 
(1,576,751) 

(174,429) 

Corporate 

$   

-   
-   

-   

2015 

Total 
$ 

2,002,512 
(1,576,751) 

(174,429) 

(7,926,701) 
(219,749) 
(431,107) 
(348,817) 
(132,312) 
30,353 
(116,182) 
61,216 

-   
-   
(546,618)  
(739,597)  
(5,296)  
218   

(38)  

(7,926,701) 
(219,749) 
(977,725) 
(1,088,414) 
(137,608) 
30,571 
(116,182) 
61,178 

(8,831,967) 

(1,291,331)  

(10,123,298) 

Rental income 
Property operating expenses   
Non  capitalized  development 

expense 

Unrealized  gain  on  fair  value 
on 
properties 
and 

adjustment 
investment 
and 
equipment 

property 

Impairment 
Share based payment 
Other expenses 
Depreciation 
Net investment income  
Loss on disposal of investment property 
Other revenue 

Net 

income 
income taxes 

(loss)  before 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Rental income 
Property operating expenses 
Unrealized gain on fair value 

adjustment on 
investment properties 

Share based payment 
Other expenses 
Depreciation 
Net investment income  
Gain on disposal of 

investment property 

Other revenue 

Net income (loss) before 
income taxes 

Balance as of  
December 31, 2015 

Total assets 
Property and equipment 
Investment properties 
Expenditures 

Property and equipment   
Investment properties 

Balance as of  
December 31, 2014 

Total assets 
Property and equipment 
Investment properties 
Expenditures 

Property and equipment   
Investment properties 

Investment 
Property 
$  

1,822,392  
(1,556,367)  

10,683,896  
(603,798)  
(1,280,628)  
(119,312)  
65,537  

56,105  
40,158  

2014 

Corporate 
$  

Total 
$ 

-  
-  

1,822,392 
(1,556,367) 

-  
(1,235,106)  
(3,393,787)  
(6,706)  
1,069  

10,683,896 
(1,838,904) 
(4,674,415) 
(126,018) 
66,606 

-  
261  

56,105 
40,419 

9,107,983  

(4,634,269)  

4,473,714 

Investment 
Property 
$  

50,661,225  
2,971,779  
46,473,749  

43,087  
832,245  

Investment 
Property 
$ 

53,745,233  
2,963,284  
48,458,517  

88,338  
10,535,615  

Corporate 
$  

Total 
$ 

153,945  
6,371  
-  

50,815,170 
2,978,150 
46,473,749 

-  
-  

43,087 
832,245 

Corporate 
$ 

Total 
$ 

361,358 
11,666 
- 

- 
- 

54,106,591 
2,974,950 
48,458,517 

88,338 
10,535,615 

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Mongolia Growth Group Ltd. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

As at December 31, 2015 

Revenue 

Property and 

equipment   

Investment 
property 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

2015 
$ 

2014 

2015 

$   

$   

-   

2014 
$ 

- 

Canada 

-  

261 

6,371 

11,666 

Mongolia 

1,947,508  

1,918,655 

2,971,779 

  2,963,284 

 46,473,749    48,458,517 

1,947,508  

1,918,916 

2,978,150 

  2,974,950 

 46,473,749    48,458,517 

18  Other expenses 

Administration 
Repairs and maintenance 
Office  
Professional fees 
Travel 
Advertising 
Land and property tax 
Insurance 
Utilities 
Other  

2015 
$ 

132,146   
71,471   
85,571   
615,319 
108,158 
13,257 
198,668 
113,199 
172,140 
89,963 

2014 
$ 

177,609 
110,398 
143,048 
1,518,494 
148,745 
48,461 
277,350 
68,519 
143,708 
264,678 

1,599,892 

2,901,010 

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Board of Directors

Harris Kupperman
CEO and Chairman of Mongolia Growth Group Ltd

Mr.  Kupperman  is  a  co-founder  of  Mongolia  Growth 
Group.  Mr.  Kupperman  was  the  President  and  CEO  of 
the  Corporation  from  February  2011  to  March  2014, 
where he stepped down as CEO to continue his role as 
Executive Chairman, then returned as CEO in December 
2014. Mr. Kupperman publishes AdventuresInCapitalism.
com; a site dedicated to uncovering unique opportunities 
around  the  world.  He  spent  10  years  as  President  of 
Praetorian  Capital,  a  macro  themed  small  cap  focused 
hedge  fund  based  in  Miami.  He  graduated  from  Tulane 
University College with a history degree. Mr. Kupperman 
served  as  a  Director  at  Aeroquest  International  Limited 
(TSX:AQL) from 2010-2011.

Jim Dwyer
Independent Director

Mr.  Dwyer  is  Chairman  of  Mongoljin  Private  Capital 
in  Ulaanbaatar.  Mr.  Dwyer  was  a  New  York-based 
investment  banker 
in  mergers  and 
specializing 
acquisitions  for  30  years  and  completed  over  100  M&A 
transactions. In addition, he founded and managed M&A 
departments  for  two  major  investment  banking  firms: 
Shearson  Loeb  Rhoades  and  UBS-North  America.  Mr. 
Dwyer  first  visited  Mongolia  in  2001  to  represent  the 
Government  of  Mongolia  as  lead  investment  banker  for 
the privatization of its largest bank, Trade & Development 
Bank. Thereafter, he served as lead investment banker for 
the  privatization  of  the  largest  Government  owned  retail 
bank,  Khan  Bank.  He  co-founded  the  Business  Council 
of Mongolia (BCM) and served as Executive Director from 
its  formation  in  2007  to  April  2016.  Mr.  Dwyer  received 
his  MBA  from  Columbia  Graduate  School  of  Business 
(Columbia University).

Byambaa Losolsuren
Independent Director

Mrs.  Losolsuren  is  a  founder  of  the  Trend  Capital  LLC, 
investment  advisory  firm.  In  the  past,  she  was  one 
of  the  key  partners  at  UMC,  being  in  charge  of  asset 
management  arm,  where  she  launched  and  managed 
three  local  investment  funds.  She  was  instrumental  in 
drafting  of  the  first  Investment  Fund  Law  of  Mongolia, 
which  was  successfully  passed  by  the  Parliament  in 
2013.  Prior to that, she worked on a number of projects 
in  the  financial  sector  of  Mongolia  implemented  by  the 
Asian Development Bank. Mrs. Losolsuren also serves as 
an independent director of the local insurance company. 
Currently  a  member  of  the  Economic  Council  at  the 
Prime  Minister’s  Office  of  Mongolia  and  a  Director  of 
the Investment and Finance Research Center. Columnist 
at  the  Mongolian  Economy  journal  and  at  the  online 
platform  www.trends.mn.  She  holds  a  BA  from  the 
National  University  of  Mongolia,  and  MBA  degree  from 
Waseda University, Japan. Earned her PMP designation 
from PMI in 2015.

Nick Cousyn
Independent Director

Mr. Cousyn is a Capital Markets professional with 15 years 
of  alternatives  and  traditional  industry  experience.  Before 
moving to Mongolia, Mr. Cousyn was a licensed securities 
professional  in  the  U.S.  with  extensive  experience  in 
relationship  management  and  trading  which  spanned 
equities,  fixed  income,  derivatives  and  distressed  debt. 
Since  2012,  Mr.  Cousyn  has  served  as  Chief  Operating 
Officer  and  head  of  research  for  BDSec  (MO:BDS), 
Mongolia’s 
investment  bank.  Mr. 
Cousyn  also  serves  as  Co-Chair  of  the  Business  Council 
of Mongolia Capital Market Working Group and is a Senior 
Council Member and guest lecturer at Mongolia’s Institute 
for  Finance  and  Economics.  Mr.  Cousyn  holds  a  BA  in 
Economics from the University of California at Riverside.

largest  broker  and 

Brad Farquhar
Independent Director

Mr.  Farquhar  is  Executive  Vice-President  and  Chief
Financial  Officer  of  Input  Capital  Corp.  (TSXV:  INP),  the
world¹s first agricultural streaming company. He formerly
served  in  a  similar  capacity  at  Assiniboia  Capital  Corp.,
which built Canada’s largest farmland fund before selling 
it to the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board in 2014.
In addition, Mr. Farquhar is President of Nomad Mongolia
LP,  an  investment  partnership  that  invests  in  Mongolian
public  companies,  including  MGG.  Mr.  Farquhar  is  a
trained financial planner. He received a MPA in Electoral
Governance  from  Griffith  University  in  Australia,  studied
political  science  at  Carleton  University,  and  completed
a  BA  at  Providence  College.  Mr.  Farquhar  is  a  Director
the  Legacy  Group  of 
of 
Inc.,
Companies,  Greenfield  Carbon  Offsetters 
on the advisory board of AgFunder.com and Chair of the
board of directors of SIM Canada..

Input  Capital  Corp, 

Robert Scott
Independent Director

Mr.  Scott,  CPA,  CA,  CFA  brings  more  than  20  years  of 
professional experience in corporate finance, accounting 
and merchant and commercial banking. Mr. Scott earned 
his  CFA  in  2001,  his  CA  designation  in  1998  and  has  a 
B.Sc.  from  the  University  of  British  Columbia.  He  is  a 
Founder  and  President  of  Corex  Management  Inc.,  a 
private  company  providing  accounting,  administration, 
and corporate compliance services to privately held and 
publicly traded companies. Mr. Scott currently serves as 
the CFO for Riverside Resources (TSXV: RRI) and Nickel 
One Resources Inc. (TSXV: NNN) and is also on the board 
of Genesis Metals Corp. (TSXV: GIS).

Officers

Harris Kupperman

Genevieve Walkden,  MBA, CFP, CAIA 

CEO and Chairman of the Board

CFO and Corporate Secretary

Auditors

Legal

Transfer Agent

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Winnipeg, MB

Borden Ladner Gervais LLP

Computershare Investor Services

Calgary, AB

100 University Ave., 8th Floor

Farris, Vaughan, Wills & Murphy LLP

Vancouver, BC

Toronto, ON M5J 2Y1

Tel:  1 800 564 6253  

www.investorcentre.com/service

61

TSX - Venture

Canada:   YAK
USA:    MNGGF

MONGOLIA GROWTH GROUP Ltd.

First Canadian Place,100 King Street West,

56th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5X 1C9, Canada

Tel:       (877)   644-1186

Fax:     (866)   468-9119

62

info@mongoliagrowthgroup.com    |     www.mongoliagrowthgroup.com