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N4 Pharma Plc

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FY2017 Annual Report · N4 Pharma Plc
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N4 Pharma Plc 

(“N4 Pharma” or the “Company”) 

Annual Report and Financial Statements 

Year Ended 31 December 2017 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of contents  

Directors, Company Secretary and Advisors 

Chief Executive Officer’s and Strategic Report 

Board of Directors 

Director’s Report 

Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Company Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow 

Company Statement of Cash Flow 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

3 

4 

7 

8 

12 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

2 

 
 
 
              
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors, Company Secretary and Advisors  

Company Number 01435584 (England and Wales) 

Directors: 

Gavin John Burnell (Chief Executive Officer – resigned 3 May 2017) 
Prof. Humayun Akhter Mughal (Non-Executive Director – resigned 3 May 2017) 
Nigel Theobald (Chief Executive Officer – appointed 3 May 2017) 
Paul Titley (Executive Director – appointed 3 May 2017) 
Dr David Templeton (Non-Executive Chairman – appointed 3 May 2017) 
Luke Cairns (Non-Executive Director) 

Registrars  
Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen, West Midlands 
B63 3DA 

Accountants 
Offshore Accounting Limited 
Offshore View  
Les Bas Courtils Road  
St Sampson 
GY2 4BH 
Guernsey  

Registered Office of the Company 
6th Floor 
60 Gracechurch Street 
London 
EC3V 0HR 
United Kingdom  

Administrator and Company Secretary 
Shakespeare Martineau LLP 
60 Gracechurch Street 
London 
EC3V 0HR 
United Kingdom 

Nominated Adviser and Broker  
Stockdale Securities Limited 
100 Wood Street 
London  
EC2V 7AN 
United Kingdom 

Independent Auditor 
Saffery Champness LLP 
Unex House 
Bourges Boulevard 
Peterborough 
PE1 1NG  

Financial/Public Relations  
Alma PR  
Aldwych House 
71-91 Aldwych 
London  
WC2B 4HN 
United Kingdom 

Company’s website www.n4pharma.com 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Chief Executive Officer’s and Strategic Report 

N4 Pharma Plc (the “Company”), formerly known as Onzima Ventures Plc, is the holding company 
of  N4  Pharma  UK  Limited  (“N4  UK”)  and  with  N4  UK  form  the  group  (the  “Group”).  N4  UK  is  a 
specialist pharmaceutical company which reformulates existing drugs and vaccines to improve their 
performance.  

The Company acquired the remaining 51 per cent. of the share capital of N4 UK on 3 May 2017 by 
way of a reverse takeover (“RTO”).  

This is the first set of annual results produced by the Company following the reverse takeover of N4 
UK to form the Group with effect from 3 May 2017.  

Highlights: 

 
Successfully completed the reverse takeover of N4 Pharma Limited (“RTO”) 
 
Successful placing to raise £1.5m (the “Placing”) and re-admission to AIM 
  Change of name to N4 Pharma Plc (formerly known as Onzima Ventures Plc) 
  Divestment of investment portfolio to focus solely on reformulation of generic drugs and 

vaccines 
Filing of sildenafil PCT patent application  
Filing of additional generic product patent opportunities  

 
 
  Appointment of BDD to undertake initial human pilot clinical trial for sildenafil 

reformulation 

  Commencement of research program for Nuvec®, its vaccine delivery system  
  Cash balance at period end of approximately £1.3 million 
  Total of £1,230,832 was raised in aggregate via warrant exercises since RTO and period end 

24 April 2018. 

Review of operations for the financial year ended 31 December 2017 

During the year to 31 December 2017, as anticipated, no revenue was generated by the Group. Other 
operating income included £109,913 of government grants.  

The  operating  loss  for  the  year  of  £897,825  (9  months  to  31  December  2016:  £185,083  loss)  was 
impacted by the costs associated with the RTO and are in line with management’s expectations at 
the time of the transaction. 

Key Events and Opportunities 

The  new  Board  completed  its  planned  reorganisation  of  the  Group  to  focus  on  its  research  and 
development programme for both its generic and vaccine divisions.  

The net proceeds of the Placing and subsequent warrant exercises ensure that the Group will be 
funded throughout 2018 and well into 2019. The funds raised will continue to enable us to produce 
initial human clinical data to establish the pharmacokinetic profile of our sildenafil reformulation 
and  help  us  to  determine  how  we  will  position  the  Nuvec® vaccine  delivery  system  for  the  best 
approach to allow commercial engagement with potential third party licensees. 

Subsequent  to  the  year  end,  the  Group  announced  a  grant  collaboration  with  MedImmune  UK  to 
evaluate its Nuvec® technology which, if successful, would give MedImmune an option to license 
Nuvec®  for  a  defined  area.  This  is  the  first  of  many  such  collaborations  the  Group  is  looking  to 
undertake as it extends its research on Nuvec® 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive Officer’s and Strategic Report (Cont’d) 

Generic Division 

The main focus for the Group’s generic division is the reformulation of sildenafil (commonly known 
as Viagra TM), where we are seeking to improve the speed in which the drug takes effect whilst also 
extending the duration of the action. We completed our initial “in vitro” reformulation work on the 
drug and appointed Bio-Images Drug Delivery Limited (“BDD”) to conduct a small scale human pilot 
clinical trial (the “Trial”) which started as announced on 18th April 2018.  

The Trial will be conducted in twelve healthy male volunteers to give us human pharmacokinetic 
data, which will determine the amount of drug our reformulation will deliver, and which can then 
be compared against existing sildenafil products. The Trial is expected to take 8-10 weeks with top 
line results data available in July 2018 with the final clinical study report expected at the end of 
August 2018.  

The data gathered from the Trial will enable the Company to establish whether its reformulation 
has been sufficiently successful to allow N4 Pharma to prepare for a pre-IND meeting with the FDA 
towards the end of this year along with a proposed approach to conducting a pivotal clinical study 
which  will  be  required  for  marketing  authorisation  or  whether  further  amendments  to  the 
reformulation may be required to optimise efficacy. 

Assuming success it would then be our intention then either to partner with a large pharmaceutical 
company  to  complete  the  pivotal  trial  (thereby  earning  a  licence  fee  and  generating  milestone 
payments for the Company) or to  explore the possibility of conducting the pivotal trial ourselves 
and,  in  doing  so,  assess  the  balance  of  increased  capital  risk  versus  the  rewards  relative  to  a 
company of our size. 

In addition to licensing the patents for sildenafil from Opal IP Limited (“Opal IP”) and Nuvec® from 
the University of Queensland, we have licensed four further patents from Opal IP for reformulations, 
namely  valsartan,  aprepitant,  duloxetine  and  paroxetine.  Subsequently,  we  have  decided  to 
abandon our paroxetine patent application. The Board believes that the drugs, such as paroxetine, 
that do not make strong commercial sense will most likely not make it through to the next stage 
development.  Our initial approach for these products is to file the relevant data needed for a Patent 
Co-operation Treaty (“PCT”) patent application and to evaluate the clinical and market potential 
before  embarking  on  detailed  formulation  development  for  a  product  to  take  into  clinic.  In  our 
opinion, this gives the Group the optimal chance to secure patent protected reformulations for these 
products as well as sildenafil.  

Whilst we continue to commit resources to the reformulation of sildenafil ahead of bringing it to 
market,  we  are  also  undertaking  all  the  necessary  preparatory  work  on  the  other  three  drugs 
referred to above to allow us to take them forward in the future.  

Vaccine Division 

The  focus  for  the  Group’s  vaccine  division  continues  to  be  on  generating  data  for  our  Nuvec® 
delivery  system  which  will  enable  us  to  engage  commercially  with  pharmaceutical  and  biotech 
companies which are looking to utilise delivery systems to deliver vaccines and therapeutics they 
are  developing.  We  intend  to  engage  with  commercial  partners  to  exploit  the  potential  clinical 
utility of Nuvec®. Our intention is not to develop vaccines ourselves. The business model is similar 
to that in our generics division in that we aim to secure licence payments for the use of our delivery 
system and ultimately royalties on any products sold using Nuvec®. 

Initially,  we  are  targeting  collaborations  and  evaluation  agreements  with  biotech  and 
pharmaceutical companies to evaluate  Nuvec® alongside their existing delivery system. We have 
already  announced  our  first  collaboration  with  MedImmune  and  are  working  on  securing  further 
collaborations. A successful collaboration would then mean we could license the use of Nuvec® for 
a particular therapeutic indication. We will therefore have numerous licensing opportunities for our 
platform technology.  

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive Officer’s and Strategic Report (Cont’d) 

Vaccine Division (Cont’d) 

During  the  year,  the  Group  announced  the  results  of  a  study  it  conducted  for  its  Nuvec®  silica 
nanoparticles (“SiNPs”) delivery system. As well as investigating tolerability, the objective of the 
study  (funded  via  a  biomedical  Catalyst  Grant)  was  to  determine  the  in-vivo  capacity  for  the 
Company's SiNPs to deliver DNA to generate local expression of a protein. This is a key indicator as 
to whether a vaccine delivery system is likely to successfully generate an immune response. Results 
from the study gave us the evidence that our SiNPs have many desirable features for use in either a 
vaccine approach or to deliver therapeutic proteins to tissues and are uncovering key commercial 
advantages compared to lipid nanoparticles. This increases the scope of Nuvec's® application which, 
in turn enhances the potential value of the technology to potential commercial partners.  The Board 
continues  to  explore  further  research  options  and  regular  updates  will  be  provided  when 
appropriate.  

The  Board  is  pleased  to  have  welcomed  Dr  Andrew  Leishman  as  Head  of  Nuvec®  Development. 
Andrew joined the Company in March 2018 and has quickly become a valued member of the team.  

Currently, we are focusing our efforts on Nuvec® development to help secure collaborations and 
have therefore placed on hold additional research on a potential hepatitis B vaccine. 

Future prospects 

The Board remains optimistic about the future of the Group and its prospects. We have reached a 
key milestone with the commencement of the pilot human trial for our reformulation which, if the 
results are positive, will greatly advance the value of the data we have obtained and furthermore 
provide a clearer path towards commercialisation for our sildenafil reformulation. We have already 
announced one collaboration for Nuvec® and are looking to enter into further agreements with other 
companies in 2018. 

Whilst  we  are  excited  about  the  Group’s  potential  pipeline  of  products  we  are  establishing,  our 
immediate focus is on those products with the opportunity for near term commercialisation, namely 
sildenafil and Nuvec®. In parallel, we hope shortly to have a plan and budget in place for our pipeline 
of other generic products which also seek to address potential multi-billion dollar markets whilst, 
as detailed above, setting out a programme for our vaccine work. 

On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank all of our shareholders for their continued support and 
welcome all new shareholders to the Company for what we believe will be another exciting year in 
the development of our business.  

Principal risks and uncertainties 

The Group is exposed to a variety of financial risks including market risk, liquidity risk, tax risk and 
credit risk. These risks are discussed in detail in Note 2. 

Financial instruments and associated risks: 

The Board of Directors is committed to effective risk management and is responsible for ensuring 
that the Group has an appropriate framework in place to identify and effectively manage business 
risks  and  to  monitor  business  performance  and  the  Group’s  financial  position.  The  Board  is  also 
responsible  for  overseeing  compliance  with  regulatory,  prudential,  legal  and  ethical  standards. 
These risks are discussed in detail in Note 11. 

By order of the Board 
Nigel Theobald  
Chief Executive Officer 
N4 Pharma Plc 

6 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of Directors  

Nigel Theobald (Chief Executive Officer – appointed 3 May 2017) 

Nigel has over 25 years’ experience in healthcare and in building businesses, strategy development 
and  its  implementation  and  a  strong  network  covering  all  aspects  of  pharmaceutical  product 
development and commercialisation. He was the head of healthcare brands at Boots Group Plc in 
2002  before  leaving  to  set  up  a  series  of  successful  businesses,  including  Oxford  Pharmascience 
Group Plc, which he grew over 5 years into an AIM quoted company with a market capitalisation of 
£40 million upon departure. Nigel formed N4 Pharma UK Limited in 2014. 

Paul Titley (Executive Director – appointed 3 May 2017) 

Paul  has  over  40  years’  experience  in  the  pharmaceutical  industry.  Led  the  pharmaceutical 
development  of  major  tablet  products  and  new  manufacturing  and  formulation  technologies  at 
Wellcome (including Zovirax), set up and audited pharmaceutical plants around the world as well as 
conducting  acquisition  due  diligence.  He  has  also  advised  over  900  pharmaceutical/biotech 
companies  on  how  to  develop  products  to  meet  their  clinical  and  commercial  goals.  On  the 
commercial and business development front, as Chief Executive, built R5 Pharmaceuticals Limited 
into a profitable business, leading to its acquisition by Aesica Pharmaceuticals Limited after 4 years 
of trading. Subsequently, Paul introduced Aesica to Consort Medical Plc which resulted in Aesica’s 
acquisition by Consort Medical for £230 million in 2014. 

Dr David Templeton (Non-Executive Chairman – appointed 3 May 2017) 

An experienced R&D manager having worked in major pharmaceutical, biotech and in the generic 
industry with specific expertise in early clinical development and translational biology, toxicology 
and  safety  pharmacology,  lead  selection,  candidate  characterisation,  PK/PD  analysis  and 
bioanalysis.  David  has  worked  in  various  pharmacology  and  pre-clinical  drug  discovery  roles  for 
Pfizer,  Xenova,  Smithkline  Beecham  and  GSK  and  was  the  head  of  non-clinical  development  at 
Celltech Limited from 2003 to 2004 before moving to Merck Generics UK as head of biometrics. He 
was appointed as director of clinical pharmacology of Eisai Limited in 2007 until in 2010 setting up 
his  own  consulting  business  offering  discovery  and  early  development  advice  to  several 
pharmaceutical companies. 

Luke Cairns (Non-Executive Director) 

Luke has spent over 16 years working in corporate finance and is a former head of corporate finance 
and managing director at Northland Capital Partners, an FCA regulated stockbroking firm. Having 
left  Northland  in  2014,  Luke  founded  LSC  Advisory  Limited  to  provide  advisory  and  consultancy 
services  to  growth  companies.  He  has  worked  with  many  growth  companies  across  a  number  of 
sectors  and  regions  on  a  wide  range  of  transactions,  including  IPOs,  secondary  fundraisings, 
corporate restructurings and takeovers. He is an Associate of the Chartered Institute of Secretaries. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report 

The Directors present their report together with the consolidated financial statements of the Group. 

Performance review 

The Group made a total comprehensive loss of £1,836,984 during the year ended 31 December 2017. 
This is the first set of annual results produced by the Company following the reverse takeover of N4 
Pharma Limited (“N4 UK”) to form the Group with effect from 3 May 2017.  

Background and principal activities 

N4  UK  is  a  specialist  pharmaceutical company  which  improves  the  delivery  of  existing  drugs  and 
novel  vaccines  and  therapeutics.  The  nature  of  the  business  is  not  deemed  to  be  impacted  by 
seasonal fluctuations and as such performance is expected to be consistent. 

The Company acquired the remaining 51 per cent. of the share capital of N4 on 3 May 2017 by way 
of a reverse takeover. The Company is domiciled in England and Wales and was incorporated and 
registered  in  England  and  Wales  on  6  July  1979  as  a  public  limited  company  and  its  shares  are 
admitted to trading on AIM (LSE: N4P). The Company’s registered office is located at 6th Floor, 60 
Gracechurch Street, London EC3V 0HR. 

Subsequent events 

Between 1 January 2018 and 24 April 2018, a total of 9,228,280 warrants were exercised at a price 
of 8.5p per warrant. This resulted in the issue of 9,228,280 ordinary shares of 0.4p each subsequent 
to the year end. The warrants were issued on 3 May 2017 as part of the Placing.  

As a result of these warrant exercises, the Company has received £784,404 in additional funding.  

On  5  February  2018,  4,951,400  ordinary  shares  were  issued  to  Nigel  Theobald  (the  “Deferred 
Consideration Shares”) in accordance with the terms of the share purchase agreement entered into 
between the Company and Nigel Theobald dated 13 April 2017. 

The RTO brought into the Group an investment in Alecto Minerals Plc (“Alecto”) at a cost of £59,186 
which  could  not  be  sold  prior  to  completion  of  the  RTO.  Trading  on  AIM  in  Alecto’s  shares  was 
cancelled with effect from 11 July 2017 due to the delay in publishing an admission document for a 
proposed reverse takeover.  

The Board took the view that, in light of the circumstances referred to above, it is reasonable to 
assume that the Alecto shares no longer hold any value and, as such, took the decision to impair the 
value of the shares to nil at 31 December 2017. 

Subsequent to the year end, Alecto’s shares were re-admitted into trading on AIM under the new 
name ‘Cradle Arc’. As a result, the Group sold its shares and received £27,262.  

Dividends  

The Board has not declared a dividend for the year ended 31 December 2017 (2016: nil).  

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report (Cont’d) 

Directors’ remuneration and interests  

2017 

Director 

Nigel Theobald (Chief 
Executive Officer) 
Paul Titley  
David Templeton 
Luke Cairns 
Gavin Burnell (resigned)  
Prof. Humayun Akhter Mughal* 
(resigned) 

Cash-based 
payments  

Remuneration 
Share-based 
payments  

£ 
61,786 

34,366 
16,000 
21,000 
30,000 
4,000 

£ 
299,045 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Interests 

Shares 

Options 

No. 
12,255,233 

No. 
- 

142,857 
- 
142,857 
1,107,143 
1,835,400 

1,434,286 
717,143 
1,392,455 
2,701,210 
- 

Totals 

£ 
360,831 

34,366 
16,000 
21,000 
30,000 
4,000 

167,152 

299,045 

466,197 

15,483,490 

6,245,094 

*Professor Mughal’s interest in the Company includes those shares held directly by him, his indirect 
holdings via companies of which he is a director and the holdings of close members of his family 

2,868,572 options were issued during the year ended 31 December 2017. These are detailed in note 
8. 

The above remuneration relates to N4 Pharma Plc (and N4 Pharma UK Limited) directors. There is 
no other Key Management Personnel remuneration. 

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Directors’ Report and the financial statements in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations.   

Company law and AIM Rules require the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial 
year.  Under that law they have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  adopted  by  the  EU  and  applicable  law.  Under 
company law, the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and the Company and of the loss 
of the Group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to: 

 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

 

state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and 

  prepare the  financial  statements  on  the  going  concern  basis  unless  it  is  inappropriate  to 

presume that the Group will continue in business. 

The directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that are sufficient to show and 
explain the Group’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial 
position  of  the  Group  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements  comply  with  the 
Companies Act 2006 and the AIM Rules.  They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the 
Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other 
irregularities.   

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial 
information included on the Company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the 
preparation  and  dissemination  of  the  financial  statements  may  differ  from  legislation  in  other 
jurisdictions. 

The Company is compliant with AIM Rule 26 regarding the Company’s website. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report (Cont’d) 

Directors’ confirmation 

So far as the directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 
of the Companies Act 2006) of which the Group’s auditors are unaware, and each director has taken 
all the steps that he ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself aware of any relevant 
audit information and to establish that the Group's auditor is aware of that information. 

Going concern  

These financial statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting principles applicable to 
a going concern.  The Directors consider that the Group will have access to adequate resources, as 
set  out  below,  to  meet  both  operational  requirements  for  at  least  12  months  from  the  date  of 
approval of these financial statements. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern 
basis in preparing the financial statements. 

The Group currently has no source of operating cash inflows, other than interest and grant income, 
and has incurred net operating cash outflows for the year ended 31 December 2017 of £950,800 (9 
months  to  31  December  2016:  £144,485  outflow).    At  31  December  2017,  the  Group  had  cash 
balances of £1,326,272 (2016: £19,751) and a surplus in net working capital (current assets, including 
cash, less current liabilities) of £1,279,754 (2016: £79,742 deficit). 

The Group continues to take steps to manage operational expenditure effectively and to manage 
the cash required for budgeted activities and working capital for at least 12 months from the date 
of approval of the financial statements.   

Further exercises of warrants have taken place in January and February 2018 resulting in further 
generation of new funds.  

Corporate governance statement 

The Company, being quoted on AIM, is not required to comply with the UK Corporate Governance 
Code (the “Code”). However, the Company has given consideration to the main principles of the 
Code and the Directors support the objectives of the Code and intend to comply with those aspects 
that  they  consider  relevant  to  the  Group’s  size  and  circumstances.  Details  of  these  are  set  out 
below. 

Board and board committees 

Board members are listed below. The non-executive director is considered to be independent. 
Board members attended the following meetings: 

Director 
Gavin John Burnell (resigned) 
Prof. Humayun Akhter Mughal (resigned) 
Nigel Theobald 
Paul Titley  
Dr. David Templeton 
Luke Cairns 

Board Meetings attended 
3 
3 
8 
8 
8 
11 

The Board determines the overall strategic direction of the Group, oversees the development and 
control  of  the  Group  and  reviews  financial  and  operational  performance.  The  Board  approves 
acquisitions and disposals, annual budgets and monthly forecasts and reviews monthly management 
accounts. Day-to-day and business management control is delegated to the executive directors who 
are responsible for performance and the implementation of Group policy. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report (Cont’d) 

Audit committee 

Luke Cairns, non-executive director, chairs the committee. The auditors and the executive director 
also attend the meetings at the invitation of the chairman of the committee. The audit committee 
reviews and approves the annual report and interim statement. It also reviews the Group's scope of 
the audit and the independence and objectivity of the auditors. The auditors have direct access to 
the chairman of the committee, if required. The audit committee is responsible for recommending 
the  appointment,  re-appointment  or  removal  of  auditors.  The  committee  is  also  responsible  for 
monitoring the level of non-audit services provided by the auditors to ensure that objectivity and 
independence is maintained. 

Internal control 

The Board has overall responsibility for internal control systems and the executive directors are 
charged with implementing and maintaining them. 

At present the directors do not consider there is a justifiable need for a dedicated internal audit 
function given the size of the Group. 

Operational risks are identified and assessed by management and any significant risks are reported 
to the Board. Financial and commercial risks are reviewed by the Board. 

The Group's internal control systems are designed to provide directors with reasonable assurance 
that any problems are identified on a timely basis and dealt with appropriately. The Board considers 
the internal controls to be effective but no system of internal control can provide absolute assurance 
against material misstatement or loss. 

Relationship with shareholders 

It is a high priority for the Board to establish relationships with shareholders. The Board welcomes 
the opportunity to meet institutional and individual shareholders at the company’s annual general 
meeting.  

The  Company  continues  to  assess  its  Board  and  management  requirements  to  determine  the 
appropriate committee and governance structures.  

On behalf of the Board 

_____________________________________   
Nigel Theobald 
Director 

24 April 2018 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members 

Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of N4 Pharma Plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiary 
(the ’group’) for the year ended 31 December 2017 set out on pages 23 to 42. The financial reporting 
framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. 

In our opinion, the financial statements: 

 

 

 

give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and the parent company’s affairs as at 
31 December 2017 and its loss for the period then ended; 

have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; 
and 

have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of 
Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to 
the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditors report and 
for  no  other  purpose.    To  the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members  as a body, for our 
audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Basis for opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and 
applicable  law.  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent 
of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the 
financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to SME listed entities, 
and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We 
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis 
for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the ISAs  (UK) 
require us to report to you where: 

 

 

the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial 
statements is not appropriate; or 

the  directors  have  not  disclosed  in  the  financial  statements  any  identified  material 
uncertainties that may cast significant doubt  about  the  group’s  or the  parent  company’s 
ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting for a period of at least 
twelve months from the date when the financial statements are authorised for issue. 

Key audit matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance 
in  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant 
assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those 
which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; 
and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of 
our audit of the financial statement as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not 
provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our audit.  

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members (Cont’d) 

Key Audit Matter 
Going concern 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 
Our audit procedures included the following: 

The going concern assumption is 
a  fundamental  principle  in  the 
financial 
preparation 
statements. 

of 

The group is loss making and yet 
to generate revenue, other than 
grant  income  and  research  and 
development (R&D) tax credits. 
There is the risk that the group 
could  run  out  of  cash  whilst 
its 
investing  and  developing 
Generic  and  Vaccine  Divisions. 
The  going  concern  assumption 
has  been  recognised  as  a  key 
audit matter. 

Reverse acquisition accounting 
The  transaction  between  N4 
Pharma  Plc  (formerly  Onzima 
Plc) and N4 Pharma UK Limited 
has  been  concluded  to  be  a 
reverse acquisition. 

risk 

that 

is  a 

the 
There 
disclosure  around  the  reverse 
acquisition 
disclosed 
is 
incorrectly as the transaction is 
complex and unusual. 

Capitalisation  of  research  and 
development expenditure 
The group is incurring significant 
expenditure  in  respect  of  R&D. 
the 
There 
the 
treatment 
is 
financial 
incorrect. 

that 
risk 
applied 
in 
statements 

is  a 

  We  have  obtained  and  critically  appraised  the  Directors’ 
going  concern  assessment  and  management’s  strategic 
plans to generate revenue and profitability; 

  We have reviewed projected cash flows and other available 
evidence to assess the ability of the group and the parent 
company to continue in operation for the 12 months after 
the date of signing;  

  We  have  discussed  post  balance  sheet  events  with  the 
Directors  to  assess  their  impact  on  the  going  concern 
assumption; and 

  We  have  performed  a  sensitivity  analysis  on  the  key 
assumptions  underlying  management’s  going  concern 
assessment. 

Based on our procedures we have considered that disclosures 
relating to going concern have been made appropriately. 

Our audit procedures included the following: 

  We  have  reviewed  the  substance  of  the  acquisition  to 
ensure  the  correct  entries  are  captured  in  the  financial 
statements 

  We  have  completed  a  review  of  the  reverse  acquisition 
disclosure requirements, to ensure all relevant information 
is included in the financial statements  

  The  reverse  acquisition  accounting  has  been  subject  to 

additional technical review 

Based on our procedures performed we have considered that 
the disclosure relating to the reverse acquisition to have been 
made appropriately.  

Our audit procedures included the following: 

  We have discussed the treatment of R&D expenditure and 

future probable income streams with the Directors 

  We  have  tested  a  sample  of  R&D  expenses  and 

corroborated the accounting treatment 

  We have considered the claim for R&D tax credits 
Based on our procedures performed we have considered that 
the expenditure on R&D has been appropriately accounted for. 

Our application of materiality 
We apply the concept of materiality in planning and performing our audit, in evaluating the effect 
of any identified misstatements and in forming our opinion. Our overall objective as auditor is to 
obtain  reasonable  assurance  that  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole  are  free  from  material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. We consider a misstatement to be material where it 
could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the  economic  decisions  of  the  users  of  the  financial 
statements. 

We  have  determined  a  materiality  of  £50,000.  This  is  based  on  3.5%  of  gross  assets  for  the  year 
ended 31 December 2017. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members (Cont’d) 

An overview of the scope of our audit 
We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed enough work to be able to give an 
opinion on the financial statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the Group and 
the parent company, the accounting processes and controls, and the industry in which they operate. 

As  part  of  designing  our  audit,  we  determined  materiality  and  assessed  the  risks  of  material 
misstatement  in  the  financial  statements.  In  particular,  we  looked  at  where  the  Directors  made 
subjective  judgements,  for  example  in  respect  of  significant  accounting  estimates  that  involved 
making assumptions and considering future events that are inherently uncertain. We also addressed 
the  risk  of  management  override  of  internal  controls,  including  evaluating  whether  there  was 
evidence of bias by the Directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. 

Other information 
The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information.  The  other  information  comprises  the 
information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s 
report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, 
except  to  the  extent  otherwise  explicitly  stated  in  our  report,  we  do  not  express  any  form  of 
assurance conclusion thereon. 

In  connection  with  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements,  our  responsibility  is  to  read  the  other 
information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with 
the  financial  statements  or  our  knowledge  obtained  in  the  audit  or  otherwise  appears  to  be 
materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material  inconsistencies  or  apparent  material 
misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  there  is  a  material  misstatement  in  the 
financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we 
have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information; we 
are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

 

 

the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; 
and 

the  Strategic  Report  and  the  Directors’  Report  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
applicable legal requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the 
course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the 
Directors’ Report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies 
Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

 

 

 

 

adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have 
not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.  

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members (Cont’d) 

Responsibilities of directors 
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement set out on page 9, the directors 
are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give 
a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable 
the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and 
the  parent  company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters 
related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either 
intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic 
alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  as  a 
whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s 
report  that  includes  our  opinion.  Reasonable  assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance,  but  is  not  a 
guarantee  that  an  audit  conducted  in  accordance  with  ISAs  (UK)  will  always  detect  a  material 
misstatement  when  it  exists.  Misstatements  can  arise  from  fraud  or  error  and  are  considered 
material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be  expected to influence the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on 
the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This 
description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Alistair Hunt (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
for and on behalf of Saffery Champness LLP 

Chartered Accountants 
Statutory Auditors 

Unex House 
Burges Boulevard 
Peterborough 
PE1 1NG 

24 April 2018 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc  

Notes 

Year ended 31 
December 2017 

£ 

Proforma  
9 month period to 31 
December 2016 
£ 

Government grant income 

                     109,913  

                                  -   

Gross Profit 

109,913     

                                  -   

Research and development costs 

(409,808)     

-     

General and administration costs 

(316,632)     

(185,083)     

Reorganisation costs 

(281,298)     

-     

Operating loss for the period 

(897,825)     

(185,083)     

Deemed cost of acquisition 

(1,023,734)     

-     

Finance income/ (expenditure) 

(5,299)     

(5,857)     

Loss for the period before tax 

Taxation 

4  

5 

(1,926,858)     

(190,940) 

89,874     

14,362     

Loss for the period after tax 

(1,836,984)     

(176,578)     

Other comprehensive income net of 
tax 

Total comprehensive loss for the 
period attributable to equity owners 
of N4 Pharma Plc 

Loss per share attributable to 
owners of the parent 
Weighted average number of shares: 

Basic 

Diluted 

Basic loss per share 
Diluted loss per share 

-     

-     

(1,836,984)  

(176,578) 

64,783,082     

27,852,274  

(1.26p) 
(1.24p) 

8,844,706  

8,844,706  

(2.00p) 
(2.00p) 

All activities derive from continuing operations. 

The notes on pages 23 to 41 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements 

16 

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
                          
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
                       
                                    
 
  
  
                       
                         
 
  
  
                       
                                    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
                       
                         
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
                    
                                    
 
  
  
                          
                              
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
                    
                         
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
                                   
                                    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
                    
                         
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                                   
                                    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                    
  
                         
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                       
  
  
  
                    
  
                       
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
N4 Pharma Plc 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December 2017 

Notes 

31 December 2017 

£ 

Proforma  
31 December 2016 
£ 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Investments 

6 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total Assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 
Accruals and deferred income 

Total assets less current 
liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 

Amounts falling due after 
more than one year 

-      
-      

132,700     
1,326,272     
1,458,972     

1,458,972     

-   
-   

23,187  
19,751  
42,938  

42,938  

(143,788)     
(35,430)     
(179,218) 

(102,046)  
(20,634)  
(122,680) 

1,279,754  

(79,742)  

-     

(204,922)  

Net Assets/ (Liabilities) 

1,279,754     

(284,664) 

Equity 

Share capital  
Share premium  
Share option reserve 
Reverse acquisition reserve 
Merger reserve 
Retained earnings 

Total Equity / (Deficit) 

 9 
 9 
 9 

8,579,396     
8,513,670     
147,635     
(14,138,244)     
299,045     
(2,121,748)     

100  
-  
-  
-  
-  
(284,764)  

1,279,754     

(284,664) 

The notes on pages 23 to 41 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.  

The financial statements were approved by the board of directors on 24 April 2018 and signed on its 
behalf: 

Nigel Theobald 

17 

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                                     
  
                      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                    
  
                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

Notes 

31 December 2017 
£ 

   31 December 2016 

£ 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Investments 
Intercompany loan receivable 

Current assets 
Inventory of securities 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total Assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 
Accruals and deferred income 

Total assets less current 
liabilities 

Net Assets 

Equity 

Share capital  
Share premium  
Share option reserve 
Merger reserve 
Retained earnings 

Total Equity 

6 

6 

 9 
 9 
 9 

1,094,747      
809,000 
1,903,747      

- 

51,030     
1,266,921     
1,317,951     

302,705   
214,949 
517,654   

231,591 
197,027  
172,430  
601,048 

3,221,698     

1,118,702  

(4,125)     
(16,400)     
(20,525) 

-  
(77,263)  
(77,263) 

3,201,173  

1,041,439 

3,201,173 

1,041,439 

8,579,396     
8,513,670     
147,635     
299,045     
(14,338,573)     

8,452,782  
6,880,766  
30,812  
-  
(14,322,921)  

3,201,173     

1,041,439  

The Company recorded a pre-tax loss of £15,652 for the year (31 December 2016: £22,000 loss).  

The notes on pages 23 to 41 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.  

The financial statements were approved by the board of directors on 24 April 2018 and signed on its 
behalf: 

Nigel Theobald

18 

 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                    
  
                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
N4 Pharma Plc 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the year ended 31 December 2017 

(i) Year ended 31 December 2017 

Share 
Capital 

Share 
Premium 

£ 

£ 

Share 
Option 
Reserve 

£ 

Reverse 
Acquisition 
Reserve 

Merger 
Reserve 

Retained 
Earnings 

Proforma 
Total Equity 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Balance at 1 January 2017 

100  

-   

-   

           -   

           -   

(284,764)  

(284,664)  

Total comprehensive loss for the year 

      -  

     -  

     -  

      -  

     -   (1,836,984)  

  (1,836,984)  

Share issue 

Cost of share issue 
Share option reserve 
Group Reconstruction 

At 31 December 2017 

8,561,253       8,643,010  

         -  
       -  
 18,043  

    (129,340)  
   -  
      -  

               -    
               -   
    147,635  

           -   

           -   

         -   

  17,204,263  

           -   
           -  
     -     (14,138,244)  

           -   
     -  
        299,045  

         -   
   -  
      -  

     (129,340)  
       147,635  
(13,821,156)  

8,579,396  

8,513,670  

147,635  

(14,138,244)  

299,045  

(2,121,748)  

1,279,754  

 (ii) Nine months ended 31 December 2016 

Balance at 1 April 2016 

Share 
Capital 

Share 
Premium 

£ 

£ 

    100  

Share 
Option 
Reserve 
£ 

Reverse 
Acquisition 
Reserve 
£ 

 Merger 
Reserve 

Retained 
Earnings 

Proforma 
Total Equity 

 £ 

£ 

£ 

-   

-   

           -   

- 

(108,186)  

(108,086)  

Total comprehensive loss for the period 

               -   

                -                     -   

           -   

-  

  (176,578)  

     (176,578)  

At 31 December 2016 

         100  

           -  

         -  

                -  

-  

 (284,764)  

     (284,664)  

The notes on pages 23 to 41 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

19 

 
 
  
                       
                       
     
          
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
   
           
 
         
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                       
                       
       
         
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
N4 Pharma Plc 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity for the year ended 31 December 2017 

(i) Year ended 31 December 2017 

Share Capital 

Share 
Premium 

Share Option 
Reserve 

Merger 
Reserve 

Retained 
Earnings 

Total Equity 

Balance at 1 January 2017 

8,452,782 

6,880,766  

30,812 

-  

(14,322,921)  

  1,041,439  

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 
Share issue 
Cost of share issue 
Share option reserve 
Group Reconstruction 

      -  
108,571  
         -  
       -  
 18,043  

     -  
   1,762,244  
    (129,340)  
   -  
      -  

     -  

               -   
    116,823  
     -  

     -  
           -   
           -   
     -  
        299,045  

(15,652)  
         -   
         -   
   -  
-  

  (15,652)  
  1,870,815  
     (129,340)  
       116,823  
317,088  

At 31 December 2017 

  8,579,396  

8,513,670  

   147,635  

     299,045  

 (14,338,573)  

3,201,173  

 (ii) Year ended 31 December 2016 

Share Capital 

Share 
Premium 

Share Option 
Reserve 

 Merger 
Reserve 

Retained 
Earnings 

Total Equity 

Balance at 1 January 2016 

   8,409,457  

  6,503,000   

      30,812   

- 

   (14,300,921)  

         642,348  

£ 

£ 

£ 

 £ 

£ 

£ 

Share issue 
Total comprehensive loss for the period 

43,325 

377,766 

- 

               -   

                -   

                 -   

At 31 December 2016 

8,452,782 

6,880,766  

30,812 

- 
-  

-  

- 
  (22,000)  

421,091 
     (22,000)  

(14,322,921)  

  1,041,439  

The notes on pages 23 to 41 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

20 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
N4 Pharma Plc 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow for the year ended 31 December 2017 

Operating activities 

Loss before tax  
Interest  
Deemed cost of acquisition 

Operating loss before changes in working 
capital 

Movements in working capital: 
(Increase)/ decrease in trade and other 
receivables  
Increase in trade, other payables and 
accruals 

Year ended 31 
December 2017 
£ 

Proforma  
9 months to 31 
December 2016 
£ 

(1,926,858)  
                          5,299 
                    1,023,734  

(190,940)  
                             5,857  
                                 -  

(897,825)  

(185,083)  

                    (109,513)  

                       3,844  

                        56,538  

                         36,754  

Cash used in operations 

                    (950,800)  

                       (144,485)  

Net cash flows used in operating activities 

(950,800)  

(144,485)  

Investing activities 
Cash acquired on reverse acquisition 

                      402,990  

                                    -  

Net cash flows from investing activities 

                      402,990  

                                    -  

Financing activities 
Interest paid 
Proceeds from loan advanced 
Loan repayments 
Net proceeds of ordinary share issue 
Cost of share issue 

                         (5,299)  

-     
- 
                    1,988,970  
                    (129,340)  

                          (5,857) 
                         129,922  
(10,000) 
                                    -  
                                    -  

Net cash flows from financing activities 

                   1,854,331  

                       114,065  

Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash 
equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of 
the year/ period 

                  1,306,521  

                      (30,420)  

                       19,751  

                        50,171  

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 

                   1,326,272  

                        19,751  

The notes on pages 23 to 41 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements  

21 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
                     
  
                          
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                       
  
                          
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
                       
  
                          
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
N4 Pharma Plc 
Company Statement of Cash Flow for the year ended 31 December 2017 

Operating activities 

Loss before tax  
Interest 
Unrealised gain on investments 

Year ended 31 
December 2017 
£ 

Year ended 31 
December 2016 
£ 

(15,652)  
               (21,261) 
(669) 

(22,000)  
                   (5,979)  
- 

Operating loss before changes in working capital 

(37,582)  

(27,979)  

Movements in working capital: 
Decrease/ (Increase) in inventories  
Decrease/ (Increase) in trade and other receivables  
(Decrease)/ Increase in trade and other payables  

                  231,591  
145,998 
                   (56,738)  

(231,591)                     
(176,000) 
                    60,000  

Cash generated/ (used) in operations 

                   283,269  

               (375,570)  

Net cash flows generated/ (used) in operating 
activities 

283,269  

(375,570)  

Investing activities 
Proceeds from sale of investments 
Investment costs capitalised 
Acquisition of investment 
Loan receivable advancements 

- 
(71,013) 
(404,605) 
(594,051) 

                (9,000)  
- 
- 
(209,000) 

Net cash flows used investing activities 

(1,069,669)  

(218,000)  

Financing activities 
Interest received 
Net proceeds of ordinary share issue 
Cost of share issue 

                  21,261  

1,988,970     

                (129,340)  

                  - 
                179,000  
                            -  

Net cash flows from financing activities 

1,880,891  

179,000  

Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash 
equivalents 

1,094,491  

(414,570)  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 

172,430  

587,000  

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 

             1,266,921  

                 172,430  

The notes on pages 23 to 41 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements  

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Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

1. 

Accounting policies  

1.1 

Reporting entity 

N4 Pharma Plc (the “Company”), (formerly known as Onzima Ventures Plc) is the holding company for 
N4 Pharma UK Limited (“N4 UK”), (formerly known as N4 Pharma Limited) and together form the group 
(the  “Group”).  N4  UK  is  a  specialist  pharmaceutical  company  which  reformulates  existing  drugs  and 
vaccines to improve their  performance.  The  nature  of the  business is not deemed to be impacted by 
seasonal fluctuations and as such performance is expected to be consistent. 

The Company acquired the remaining 51 per cent. of the share capital of N4 UK on 3 May 2017 by way of 
a reverse takeover. The terms of the share purchase are set out in the share purchase agreement dated 
13 April 2017. The Company is domiciled in England and Wales and was incorporated and registered in 
England and Wales on 6 July 1979 as a public limited company and its shares are admitted to trading on 
AIM (LSE: N4P). The Company’s registered office is located at 6th Floor, 60 Gracechurch Street, London 
EC3V 0HR. 

The  Group  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  and  approved  by  the  Directors  in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU (“Adopted IFRSs”). 
The financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006 and give a true and fair view of the state 
of affairs of the Group.   

The  accounting  policies set out  below have,  unless  otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all 
periods presented in these Group consolidated financial statements. 

1.2 

Measurement convention 

The financial statements are prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the following item in the 
consolidated statement of financial position and statement of comprehensive income: 

 
 

 

Share-based payments are measured at fair value shown in the Merger Reserve.  
Share Warrants and Options are measured at fair value using the Black Scholes model (see note 
8). 
Equity investments are measured at fair value. 

The financial statements are presented in Great British Pounds (“GBP” or “£”). 

1.3 

Going concern  

These  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  the  basis  of  accounting  principles  applicable  to  a 
going concern.  The Directors consider that the Group will have access to adequate resources, as set out 
below, to meet both operational requirements for at least 12 months from the date of approval of these 
financial statements. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the 
financial statements. 

The Group currently has no source of operating cash inflows, other than government grant income, and 
has incurred net operating cash outflows for the year ended 31 December 2017 of £950,800 (9 months to 
31 December 2016: £144,485).  At 31 December 2017, the Group had cash balances and term deposits of 
£1,326,272  (2016:  £19,751)  and  a  surplus  in  net  working  capital  (current  assets,  including  cash,  less 
current liabilities) of £1,279,754 (2016: £79,742 deficit). 

The  Group continues to take steps to manage operational expenditure effectively and to manage  the 
cash required for budgeted activities and working capital for at least 12 months from the date of approval 
of the financial statements. Close monitoring of current and forecast expenditure is undertaken by the 
board and key executive decisions discussed at monthly board meetings.  

As per the subsequent events note, further funds have been received after 31 December 2017 as a result 
of warrants exercised and the sale of the remaining investment in Alecto Minerals.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

1. 

Accounting policies (Cont’d) 

1.3 

Going concern (continued)  

The Group have also been awarded a feasibility grant from Innovate UK (“Innovate”), the UK’s innovation 
agency, to co-fund a collaborative project with MedImmune UK, a leading global biologics R&D company, 
to explore the manufacture of a prototype using the Group’s Nuvec® system. The grant funding for this 
project is expected to last for approximately nine months from 1 February 2018. 

1.4 

Basis of consolidation  

On 3 May 2017, the Company became the legal parent of N4 UK through a reverse takeover transaction 
(“RTO”  or  “reverse  takeover”).  The  Company  was  not  a  business  as  defined  by  IFRS  3  prior  to  the 
transaction  and  as  such  was  outside  of  the  scope  of  IFRS  3,  Business  Combinations.  The  consolidated 
financial statements present the substance of the transaction in accordance with IFRS2. The comparative 
results to 31 December 2016 represent the position of N4 UK prior to the reverse takeover. 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Company  are  presented  as  a  continuation  of  N4  UK’s 
financial  statements,  reflecting  the  commercial  substance  of  the  transaction.  However,  the  equity 
structure  presented  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  reflects  the  equity  structure  of  the 
Company,  including  the  new  shares  issued  as  part  of  the  transaction.  Where  information  relates  or 
includes the results of N4 UK prior to the reverse takeover, it has been labelled ‘pro forma’. 

Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

Intra-Group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-Group 
transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 

Revenue 

1.5 
Revenue is recognised to the extent this it is probable that economic benefit will flow to the Group and 
the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the lower of value of the consideration 
received  or  receivable  for  the  sale  of  goods  or  services,  excluding  discounts,  rebates,  VAT  and  other 
sales taxes and duties.  

The Group has not yet completed the reformation of its generic drugs and as such reports no revenue.  

1.6 

Government grant income 

Government grants are recognised only when there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply 
with the conditions attaching to them and that the grants will be received. 

Government  grants  are  recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income  on  a 
systematic basis over the periods in which the Group recognises and expenses the related costs for which 
the grants are intended to compensate. 

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for 
the  purpose  of  giving  immediate  financial  support  to  the  Group  with  no  future  related  costs  are 
recognised in the income statement in the period in which they become receivable. 

1.7 

Expenses  

Financing income and expenses 
Financing expenses comprise interest payable and finance charges and net foreign exchange losses that 
are recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income (see foreign currency accounting 
policy  note  1.13).  Financing  income  comprises  interest  receivable  on  funds  invested  and  net  foreign 
exchange gains. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

1. 

Accounting policies (Cont’d) 

1.7 

Expenses (continued) 

Interest  income  and  interest  payable  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  as  it  accrues,  using  the  effective 
interest method. Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis. 

Research and development 
Research  costs are  charged  against  the  income  statement  as  they  are  incurred.  Certain  development 
costs will be capitalised as intangible assets when it is probable that the future economic benefits will 
flow to the  Group. Such intangible assets will  be amortised on a straight-line basis from the point at 
which  the  assets  are  ready  for  use,  over  the  period  of  the  expected  benefit,  and  are  reviewed  for 
impairment  at  each  year  end  date.  Other  development  costs  are  charged  against  income  as  incurred 
since the criteria for their recognition as an asset is not met.  

The criteria for recognising expenditure as an asset are: 

It is technically feasible to complete the product;  

 
  Management intends to complete the product and use or sell it; 
  There is an ability to use or sell the product; 
 
It can be demonstrated how the product will generate probable future economic benefits; 
  Adequate technical, financial and other resources are available to complete the development, 

use and sale of the product; and 
Expenditure attributable to the product can be reliably measured.  

 

The costs on an internally generated intangible asset comprise all directly attributable costs necessary 
to  create,  produce  and  prepare  the  asset  to  be  capable  of  operating  in  the  manner  intended  by 
management.  Directly  attributable  costs  include  employee  costs  incurred  on  technical  development, 
testing and certification, materials consumed and any relevant third party cost. The costs of internally 
generating developments are recognised as intangible assets and are subsequently measured in the same 
way as externally acquired intangible assets. However, until completion of the development project, the 
assets are subject to impairment testing only.  

1.8 

Taxation  

Taxation 
Taxation  for  the  year  comprises  current  and  deferred  tax.  Tax  is  recognised  in  the  consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other 
comprehensive income or directly in equity.  

Current or deferred taxation assets and liabilities are not discounted.  

Current tax 
Current  tax  is  recognised  at  the  amount  of  tax  payable  using  the  tax  rates  and  laws  that  have  been 
enacted or substantively enacted by the consolidated statement of financial position date.  

Deferred tax 
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the 
consolidated statement of financial position date.  

Timing differences arise from the inclusion of income and expenses in tax assessments in periods different 
from those in which they are recognised in financial statements. Deferred tax is measured using tax rates 
and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the year end and that are expected to apply 
to the reversal of the timing difference.  

Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable 
that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits.  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

1. 

Accounting policies (Cont’d) 

1.9 

Earnings per share  

The  Group  presents  basic  and  diluted  earnings  or  loss  per  share  data  for  its  ordinary  shares.    Basic 
earnings/loss per share is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 
of  the  Company  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares  outstanding  during  the  period, 
adjusted for own shares held.  Diluted earnings/loss per share is determined by adjusting the profit or 
loss  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  and  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares 
outstanding, adjusted for own shares held, for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares, which 
comprise share options and warrants granted. 

1.10  Operating segments  

Segment results that are reported to the Chief Executive Officer include items directly attributable to a 
segment as well as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis.  Unallocated items comprise mainly 
corporate assets, head office expenses, and income tax assets and liabilities. 

Segment capital expenditure is the total cost incurred during the period to acquire plant and equipment, 
and intangible assets other than goodwill. 

The  Group  operated  in  one  business  segment,  that  of  the  development  and  commercialisation  of 
medicines via reformulation  using advanced pharmaceutical technologies to add value to generic and 
soon  to  be  generic  drugs.  No  revenue  has  yet  been  generated  by  any  of the  work  undertaken  by  the 
Group.  

The  Directors  consider  that  there  are  no  identifiable  business  segments  that  are  subject  to  risks  and 
returns different to the core business. The information reported to the Directors, for the purposes of 
resource allocation and assessment of performance, is based wholly on the overall activities of the Group.  

1.11  Classification of financial instruments issued by the Group 

In accordance with IAS 32, financial instruments issued by the Group are treated as equity only to the 
extent that they meet the following two conditions:  

(a) 

(b) 

they include no contractual obligations upon the Group to deliver cash or other financial assets 
or to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that 
are potentially unfavourable to the Group; and 

where the instrument will or may be settled in the Company’s own equity instruments, it is either 
a non-derivative that includes no obligation to deliver a variable number of the Company’s own 
equity instruments or is a derivative that will be settled by the Company’s exchanging a fixed 
amount of cash or other financial assets for a fixed number of its own equity instruments. 

To the extent that this definition is not met, the proceeds of issue are classified as a financial liability.  
Where  the  instrument  so  classified  takes  the  legal  form  of  the  Company’s  own  shares,  the  amounts 
presented in these financial statements for called up share capital and share premium account exclude 
amounts in relation to those shares.   

Where a financial instrument that contains both equity and financial liability components exists these 
components are separated and accounted for individually under the above policy. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

1.  

Accounting policies (Cont’d) 

1.12  Non-derivative financial instruments  

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise investments, trade and other receivables, cash and cash 
equivalents and trade and other payables. 

Investments 
Investments are equity investments recognised initially at cost and subsequently revalued to their fair 
value. Fair value is determined by reference to published price quotations in the AIM market. Gains and 
losses arising from changes in the fair value are recognised in profit or loss within other income or other 
expenses.  

Trade and other payables 
Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and comprise cash in hand, deposits held at call with 
banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank 
overdrafts. Any overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.  

1.13 

Foreign currency  

Foreign currency transactions 
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of the Group’s 
entities at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities 
denominated  in  foreign  currencies  at  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position  date  are 
retranslated to the functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. Foreign exchange 
differences arising on translation are recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 
Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency 
are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.  

1.14 

Impairment  

A  financial asset  not  carried  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  is  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  to 
determine  whether  there  is  objective  evidence  that  it  is  impaired.  A  financial  asset  is  impaired  if 
objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset, and 
that the loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that can be 
estimated reliably. 

An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  a  financial  asset  measured  at  amortised  cost  is  calculated  as  the 
difference  between  its  carrying  amount  and  the  present  value  of  the  estimated  future  cash  flows 
discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate.  Interest on the impaired asset continues to be 
recognised  through  the  unwinding  of  the  discount.  When  a  subsequent  event  causes  the  amount  of 
impairment loss to decrease, the decrease in impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss. 

The  carrying  amounts  of  the  Group’s  non-financial  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  to 
determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s 
recoverable amount is estimated.  

The recoverable amount of an asset is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. 
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a 
pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks 
specific to the asset. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually 
are grouped together into the smallest Group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use 
that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or Groups of assets (the “cash-generating 
unit”).  

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

1. 

Accounting policies (Cont’d) 

1.14 

Impairment (Cont’d) 

An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or its cash generating unit exceeds 
its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. Impairment losses 
recognised in respect of cash generated units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any 
goodwill allocated to the units, and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit 
(Group of units) on a pro rata basis. 

Impairment losses recognised in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that 
the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in 
the  estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An  impairment  loss is reversed only to the 
extent  that  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount  that  would  have  been 
determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised. 

1.15 

Share based payment arrangements 

Share-based payment arrangements in which the Group receives goods or services as consideration for 
its  own  equity  instruments  are  accounted  for  as  equity-settled  share-based  payment  transactions, 
regardless of how the equity instruments are obtained by the Group.   

Share-based  transactions,  other  than  those  with  employees,  are  measured  at  the  value  of  goods  or 
services received where this can be reliably measured.  Where the services received are not identifiable, 
their  fair  value  is  determined  by  reference  to  the  grant  date  fair  value  of  the  equity  instruments 
provided.  Should it not be possible to measure reliably the fair value of identifiable goods and services 
received, their fair value shall be determined by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments 
provided measured over the period of time that the goods and services are received. 

The expense is recognised in profit or loss or capitalised as part of an asset when the goods are received 
or as services are provided, with a corresponding increase in equity. 

The  grant  date  fair  value  of  share-based  payment  awards  granted  to  employees  is  recognised  as  an 
employee expense, with a corresponding increase in equity, over the period that the employees become 
unconditionally entitled to the awards.  The fair value of the options granted is measured using an option 
valuation model, taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted.  The 
amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of awards for which the related 
service  and  non-market  vesting  conditions  are  expected  to  be  met,  such  that  the  amount  ultimately 
recognised as an expense is based on the number of awards that do meet the related service and non-
market  performance  conditions  at  the  vesting  date.  For  share-based  payment  awards  with  non-vesting 
conditions, the grant date fair value of the share-based payment is measured to reflect such conditions and 
there is no “true-up” for differences between expected and actual outcomes. 

Share-based payment transactions in which the Group receives goods or services by incurring a liability 
to transfer cash or other assets that is based on the price of the Group’s equity instruments are accounted 
for  as  cash-settled  share-based  payments.    The  fair  value  of  the  amount  payable  to  recipients  is 
recognised  as  an  expense,  with  a  corresponding  increase  in  liabilities,  over  the  period  in  which  the 
recipients become unconditionally entitled to payment. The liability is re-measured at each consolidated 
statement of financial position date and at settlement date. Any changes in the fair value of the liability 
are recognised in profit or loss. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

1. 

Accounting policies (Cont’d) 

1.16  Adopted IFRS not yet applied  

All  new  standards  and  amendments  to  standards  and  interpretations  effective  for  annual  periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2017 that are applicable to the Group have been applied in preparing 
these financial statements. 

The standards and interpretations that are issued, but not yet effective, up to the date of issuance of 
the financial statements are disclosed below. The Group intends to adopt these standards, if applicable, 
when  they  become  effective.  Given  that  the  Group  does  not  generate  any  revenue,  IFRS  15  is  not 
expected to have a significant impact on the Group at this stage. 

Standard 
IAS 12 (Amendments) 
IAS 23 
IAS 28 

IFRS 3 (Amendments) 

IFRS 9  
IFRS 15 
IFRS 16 
IFRS 2 (Amendments) 

Annual Improvements 
IFRIC 22 

IAS 40 (Amendments) 

Effective date 
1 January 2019 
1 January 2019 
1 January 2019 

Impact on initial application 
Income Tax Consequences of Dividends 
Borrowing Costs Eligible for Capitalisation 
Investment in Associates and Joint Ventures – Fair Value 
Measurement Clarification & Long Term Interests 
Remeasurement of previously held interest for Business 
Combinations 
Financial Instruments 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers 
Leases 
Classification and measurement of share-based payment 
transactions 
Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2014-2016 cycle  1 January 2018 
1 January 2018 
IFRIC  Interpretation  22  Foreign  Currency  transactions 
and advanced consideration 
Transfer of investment property 

1 January 2019 
1 January 2018 
1 January 2019 
1 January 2018 

1 January 2018 

1 January 2019 

The Directors are assessing the potential impact that the adoption of the standards listed above will have 
on the financial statements in future periods. 

1.17  Use of estimates and judgements 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRSs requires management to make certain 
judgements,  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  accounting  policies  and  the 
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses during the period.  Actual results may differ 
from these estimates.   

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to  accounting 
estimates  are  recognised  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in  any  future  periods 
affected. 

In  the  process  of  applying  the  Group’s  accounting  policies,  management  has  decided  the  following 
estimates and assumptions are material to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities recognised in 
the condensed consolidated financial statements.  

The  key  estimates  and  judgements  surrounding  the  capitalisation  of  Research  &  Development 
expenditure is such that this expenditure will only be capitalised when the recognition criteria is met 
and is otherwise written off to the Statement of Comprehensive Income. The recognition criteria includes 
the  identification  of  a  clearly  defined  project  with  separately  identifiable  expenditure  where  the 
outcome of the project, in terms of its technical feasibility and commercial viability, can be measured 
or assessed with reasonable certainty and that sufficient resources exist to complete a profitable project. 
In the event that this criteria is met and it is probable that future economic benefit attributable to the 
product will flow to the Group, then the expenditure will be capitalised.  

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

2. 

Risk management  

Overview  
The Group has exposure to the following risks: 

Liquidity risk; 

  Credit risk; 
 
  Tax risk; 
  Market risk; and 
  Operational risk 

This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, its objectives, 
policies  and  processes  for  measuring  and  managing  risk,  and  its  management  of  capital.    Further 
quantitative disclosures are included throughout these consolidated financial statements. 

Risk management framework 
The  Board  of  Directors  has  overall  responsibility  for  the  establishment  and  oversight  of  the  risk 
management framework and developing and monitoring the Group’s risk management policies. Key risk 
areas  have  been  identified  and  the  Group’s  risk  management  policies  and  systems  will  be  reviewed 
regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Group’s activities.   

The Audit Committee oversees how management monitors compliance with the Group’s risk management 
policies and procedures and reviews the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the 
risks faced by the Group. 

Credit risk  
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument 
fails  to  meet  its  contractual  obligations,  and  arises  principally  from  the  Group’s  bank  deposits  and 
receivables. The risk of non-collection is considered to be low. This risk is deemed low at present due to 
the Group not yet trading and generating revenue but is a consideration for future risks.  

Liquidity risk  
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated 
with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset.  The Group’s 
approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity 
to  meet  its  liabilities  when  due,  under  both  normal  and  stressed  conditions,  without  incurring 
unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group’s reputation. 

Tax risk 
Any change in the Group’s tax status or in taxation legislation or its interpretations could affect the value 
of the investments held by the Group or the Group’s ability to provide returns to shareholders or alter 
post-tax returns to shareholders. 

Market risk and competition 
The  Group  operates  as  a  specialist  pharmaceutical  company  with  reformulates  existing  drugs  and 
vaccines to improve their performance. The Group is entering into a market with existing competitors 
and  the  prospect  of  new  entrants  entering  the  current  market.  There  is  no  guarantee  that  current 
competitors  or  new  entrants  to  the  market  will  not  appeal  to  a  wider  portion  of  the  Group’s  target 
market or command broader band awareness.   

In addition, the Group’s future potential revenues from product sales will be affected by changes in the 
market  price  of  pharmaceutical  drugs  and  could  also  be  subject  to  regulatory  controls  or  similar 
restrictions. 

Operational risk  
The  Group  is  at  an  early  stage  of  development  and  is  subject  to  several  operational  risks.  The 
commencement of the Group’s material revenues is difficult to predict and there is no guarantee the 
Group will generate material revenues in the future.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

2. 

Risk management (Cont’d) 

Operational risk (Cont’d) 
The Group has a limited operation history upon which its performance and prospects can be evaluated 
and faces the risks frequently encountered by developing companies. The risks include the uncertainty 
as to which areas of pharmaceuticals to target for growth. 

Regulatory and legislative risk 
The  operations  of  the  Group  are  such  that  it  is  exposed  to  the  risk  of  litigation  from  its  suppliers, 
employees and regulatory authorities. Exposure to litigation or fines imposed by regulatory authorities 
may affect the Group’s reputation even though monetary consequences may not be significant.  

Changes  to  legislation,  regulations,  rules  and  practices  may  change  and  is  often  the  case  in  the 
pharmaceutical industry which is highly regulated and susceptible to regular change. Any changes may 
have an adverse effect on the Group’s operations.  

Protection of intellectual property 
The  Group’s  ability  to  compete  significantly  relies  upon  the  successful  protection  of  its  intellectual 
property, in particular its patent applications for reformulations of existing drugs. The Group seeks to 
protect its intellectual property through the filing of worldwide patent applications, as well as robust 
confidentiality obligations on its employees. However, this does not provide assurance that a third party 
will  not  infringe  on  the  Group’s  intellectual  property,  release  confidential  information  about  the 
intellectual property or claim technology which is registered to the Group. 

Capital management  
The Group has no loans or borrowings and has sufficient resources, in the view of the Directors, to meet 
its working capital requirements for the next 12 months. 

The Group manages its capital through the preparation of detailed forecasts, and tracks actual receipts 
and outlays against the forecasts on a regular basis,  to ensure that the Group will be able to continue 
as a going concern while maximising the return to shareholders. 

The capital structure of the Group consists of cash and cash equivalents and equity comprising, capital, 
reserves and accumulated losses. 

3. 

Employees and directors 

The average monthly number of employees during the year was 5 (2016: 2). The directors of the Group 
are employed by N4 UK and as such are included in the employee figure. Total directors remuneration is 
detailed in note 13 of these consolidated financial statements.  

4. 

Loss before tax 

Year to 31 
December 2017 

Proforma  
9 months to 31 
December 2016 

£ 

1,023,734 

18,000 

42,000 

3,350 

7,875 

£ 

- 

12,500 

- 

- 

- 

Loss before taxation is arrived after charging: 

  Deemed cost of listing 

Fees payable to the Group’s auditors for the audit  
of the Group‘s financial statements 

Other fees payable to auditors: 

-  Corporate finance services 

-  Other assurance services 

-  Tax advisory services 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

5. 

Taxation  

Current tax 
Research and development tax credit receivable for the 
current period 

  Deferred tax 
  Origination and reversal of temporary differences 

Tax in income statement 

2017 
£ 

Proforma 
2016 
£ 

(89,874) 

(14,362) 

- 

- 

(89,874) 

(14,362) 

The tax charge for the year can be reconciled to the loss in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income as follows: 

2017 

£ 

Proforma 
2016 

£ 

Loss before taxation 

(1,926,858) 

(190,940) 

Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 19% (2016: 20%) 

(366,103) 

(38,188) 

Expenses not deductible 

Deemed cost of acquisition 
Research and development tax credits 
Changes in unrecognized deferred tax 

Effect of change in corporation tax rate 
Tax charge for the year 

101,411 

194,509 
(89,874) 
67,904 

2,279 
(89,874) 

11,195 

- 
(14,362) 
26,993 

- 
(14,362) 

At the year end the Group had trading losses carried forward of £585,624 (2016: £227,872) for use against 
future profits. 

6. 

Investments 

Inventory of securities 

The  RTO  brought into the  Group an investment in Alecto Minerals Plc (“Alecto”) at a  cost of £59,186 
which could not be sold prior to completion of the RTO and as at 31 December 2017 forms part of the 
Group’s assets. On 21 December 2016, trading in Alecto’s shares on AIM was suspended due to a proposed 
reverse takeover.  

Trading  on  AIM  in  Alecto’s  shares  was  cancelled  with  effect  from  11  July  2017  due  to  the  delay  in 
publishing an admission document for the proposed reverse takeover.  

Management took the view at 31 December 2017 that, in light of the circumstances referred to above, it 
was reasonable to assume that the Alecto shares no longer held any value and, as such, took the decision 
to impair the value of the shares to nil. 

All other securities held in the portfolio were sold in the year and a gain on the same of these securities 
was £177,222. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

6. 

Investments (Cont’d) 

Investment in subsidiary  

Company 

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2016 & 31 December 2016 

Additions (see note 7) 

Balance at 31 December 2017 

£ 
302,705 

792,042 

1,094,747 

Details of the Company’s subsidiary at 31 December 2017 are as follows: 

Place of 
incorporation and 
operation 

Principal activity 

Proportion of 
ownership and 
voting rights held 

  N4 Pharma UK Limited 

England and Wales 

Reformulation of 
generic drugs 

100% 

The accounting reference date of the subsidiary is co-terminus with that of the Company. The registered 
office of the subsidiary is The Mills, Canal Street, Derby, DE1 2RJ. 

7. 

Business combinations 

On 3 May 2017, Onzima Ventures Plc (now N4 Pharma Plc) became the legal parent of N4 Pharma UK 
Limited by way of a reverse acquisition. The cost of the acquisition is deemed to have been incurred by 
N4 Pharma UK Limited, the legal subsidiary, in the form of equity instruments issued to the owners of 
the legal parent. The deemed cost of listing arising on the reverse acquisition was £1,023,734 which was 
expensed in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

The Company previously held 49 per cent. of the issued share capital in N4 UK at 2 May 2017.  

On 13 April 2017, the Company published an admission document regarding the proposed acquisition of 
the remaining 51 per cent. of N4 UK that it did not already own and to raise capital by way of a reverse 
takeover.  

Consideration  for  the  acquisition  was  satisfied  by  the  issue  of  4,510,800  new  ordinary  shares  in  the 
Company  to  the  existing  shareholder  of  N4  UK  and  4,591,400  deferred  consideration  shares.  This 
constitutes the “post-Share Re-Organisation”. The post-Share Re-Organisation is discussed in more detail 
in the share capital note 9 below. The deemed cost of the acquisition is recognised in the Consolidated 
Statement of Comprehensive Income.  

The Company also conditionally raised £1,500,000 (gross) by way of a placing of 21,428,571 new ordinary 
shares  at  7p  per  share  (the  “Placing”)  to  fund  the  development  of  additional  patent  applications  for 
reformulations of a wide range of generic drugs, to undertake clinical trials for N4 UK’s reformulation of 
sildenafil and for working capital purposes.  

Shareholders’ approval of the proposals was obtained at the Company’s general meeting held on 2 May 
2017  (the  “General  Meeting”).  The  Placing  and  reverse  takeover  was  completed  on  3  May  2017.  The 
consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  are  presented  as  a  continuation  of  N4  UK’s  financial 
statements,  reflecting  the  commercial  substance  of  the  transaction.  However,  the  equity  structure 
presented in the consolidated financial statements as discussed above and in note 8 and 9 below reflects 
the equity structure of the Company, including the equity instruments issued as part of the transaction. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

7. 

Business combinations (Cont’d) 

  Group 

Consideration for initial 49% of equity 
Notional consideration for remaining 51% of equity 
Net liabilities acquired 

Deemed cost of acquisition 

Company 

Consideration for initial 49% of equity 
Notional consideration for remaining 51% of equity 
Net liabilities acquired 
Acquisition related costs capitalised  

Investment in subsidiary (note 6) 

8.  Share-based payments 

£ 
303,373 
315,756 
404,604 

1,023,734 

£ 
303,373 
315,756 
404,604 
71,013 

1,094,747 

a)  Options 
The Company has the ability to issue options to Directors to compensate them for services rendered and 
incentivise them to add value to the Group’s longer term share value. Equity settled share-based payments 
are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The fair value determined is expensed on a straight line 
basis over the vesting  period based on the Group’s estimate of the number of  shares that will vest. The 
value of the change is adjusted to reflect the expected and actual levels of vesting.  

Cancellations of equity instruments are treated as an acceleration of the vesting period and any outstanding 
charge is recognised in full immediately.  

Fair value is measured using a Black Scholes pricing model. The key assumptions used in the model have 
been  adjusted  based  on  management’s  best  estimate  for  the  effects  of  non-transferability,  exercise 
restrictions and behavioral considerations. The inputs into model were as follows: 

Share price 
Exercise price 
Expected volatility 
Expected option life 
Risk-free rate 

6.375p 
7p 
27.2% 
3 years 
4.75% 

As at 31 December 2017, there were 6,245,084 options in existence over ordinary shares of the Company 
allocated as follows: 

Name 

Date of Grant 

Gavin Burnell 
Luke Cairns 
Luke Cairns 
David Templeton  
Paul Titley 

14.10.15 
14.10.15 
03.05.17 
03.05.17 
03.05.17 

Ordinary Shares 
under option 
2,701,210 
675,302 
717,143 
717,143 
1,434,286 
6,245,084 

Expiry Date 

Exercise Price £ 

14.10.25 
14.10.25 
03.05.20 
03.05.20 
14.10.25 

0.028 
0.028 
0.07 
0.07 
0.07 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

8. 

Share-based payments (Cont’d) 

Options (Cont’d) 

a) 
On 14 October 2015, 10,804,840 share options were granted to Gavin Burnell, the Company’s former chief 
executive. Following the post-Share Re-Organisation, including the consolidation of shares and subsequent 
sub-division, these options now equate to a quarter of the original options issued. The 2,701,210 options 
held by Gavin Burnell, issued on 14 October 2015 are exercisable at a price of 2.8p at any time before 14 
October 2025.  

On 14 October 2015, Luke Cairns, a non-executive director of the Company, was granted 2,701,210 share 
options. Following the post-Share Re-Organisation, including the consolidation of shares and subsequent sub-
division, these options now equate to a quarter of the original options issued. The 675,302 options held by 
Luke Cairns, issued on 14 October 2015 are exercisable at a price of 2.8p at any time before 14 October 
2025.  

The aggregate fair value of the share options issued on 14 October 2015 as at 31 December 2017 is £23,636. 

Each option entitles the holder to subscribe for one ordinary share in N4 Pharma Plc.  Options do not confer 
any voting rights on the holder. 

Following  the  RTO  and  subsequent  re-admission  to  AIM  on  3  May  2017  (“Admission”),  options  over  new 
ordinary shares were granted under the Company’s share option scheme to Luke Cairns, David Templeton 
and Paul Titley and are exercisable at a price of 7p per share. 

The share options granted on 3 May 2017 are exercisable following the third anniversary of Admission, being 
3 May 2020. In the case of Paul Titley, the exercise of options over 717,143 ordinary shares is subject to 
certain performance conditions. These options are exercisable at a price of 7 pence per share at any time 
before 14 October 2025.  

The fair value of the share options issued on 3 May 2017 is £23,962. The total fair value of share options in 
issue and not yet exercised as at 31 December 2017 is £47,950. 

b)  Warrants 

A  previous  placing  by  the  Company  when  trading  as  Onzima  Ventures  Plc  resulted  in  the  issue  of 
15,000,000 investor warrants issued at an exercise price of 2p per warrant. These warrants expired on 7 
June 2017. 

Of these investor warrants, 12,000,000 were exercised before the expiry date resulting in the balance of 
3,000,000 warrants expiring. Details of the warrants exercised are set out below. Due to the post-Share 
Re-Organisation and the 4:1 consolidation of shares, the warrants exercised resulted in the issue of 1 
share for every 4 warrants.  

Warrants issued on 7 June 2016 as at 31 December 2017: 

Date of Grant  Warrants 

issued 

Expiry 
Date 

Exercise 
Price £ 

Exercised 
Warrants 

07.06.2016 

15,000,000 

07.06.2017 

0.02 

12,000,000 

Number of 
Shares issued 
(1:4) 
3,000,000 

Warrants 
Expired 

3,000,000 

As part of the Placing on 3 May 2017 which raised £1,500,000 before fees and expenses, the Company 
issued warrants on a 1 for 1 basis at an exercise price of 8.5p per warrant. This resulted in the issue of 
21,428,571 warrants exercisable at 8.5p. The Company also issued warrants, exercisable at 8.5p, to the 
Company’s brokers on the transaction lieu of fees (together, the “Placing Warrants”). This resulted in 
the total number of Placing Warrants in issue immediately following the Placing being 22,710,923. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

8.  Share-based payments (Cont’d) 

b)  Warrants 

The warrants entitle holders to subscribe for new ordinary shares at any time in the period of two years 
following the grant of the warrants. The expiry date of the placing warrants is 3 May 2019.  

Date of Grant  Warrants 

issued 

Expiry 
Date 

Exercise 
Price £ 

Exercised 
Warrants 

03.05.2017 

22,710,923 

03.05.2019 

0.085 

2,428,572 

Number of 
Shares issued 
(1:1) 
2,428,572 

Remaining 
Warrants  

20,282,351 

On 18 December 2017, 2,071,210 of the warrants issued on 3 May 2017 were  exercised and a further 
357,143 were exercised on 29 December 2017. 

During the  period, an amount of £424,714, representing the  exercised  warrants, has  been recognised 
against share premium and £21,714 to share capital. The fair value of the warrants in issue and not yet 
exercised was determined using the Black Scholes model. The fair value of the warrants at 31 December 
2017 was £99,685. 

c)  Share based payments 

On  his appointment to the board,  Nigel Theobald was issued with 4,510,800 new ordinary shares and 
4,591,400  deferred  consideration  shares.  The  issue  of  these  shares  occurred  as  consideration  to  Mr 
Theobald  as  the  remaining  shareholder  of  N4  UK  for  the  remaining  51%  of  the  share  capital.  This 
transaction constitutes the post-Share Re-Organisation. The deemed cost of the acquisition is recognised 
in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.  

9. 

Capital and reserves 

77,142,857 Ordinary Shares of 0.4p each (2016: 100 
ordinary shares of £1 each) 
137,674,431 Deferred Shares of 4p each  
279,176,540 Deferred Shares of 0.099p each  

2017 
£ 

2016 
£ 

308,571 

5,506,977 
2,763,848 
8,579,396 

100 

- 
- 
100 

A  resolution  was passed  at  the  General Meeting  for  the  issue  of  21,428,571  new  ordinary  shares  (the 
“Placing Shares”) at a price of 7p per share (the “Placing Price”) on 2 May 2017. On 3 May 2017, the 
Placing raised £1,500,000 before fees and expenses.  

As part of the Placing, a post-Share Re-Organisation took place, for which a number of actions occurred. 
On 2 May 2017, prior to the RTO being completed, the following transactions took place: 

 

242 shares were allotted before the share capital re-organisation resulting in a share capital of 
181,956,800 ordinary shares of £0.001 each; 

  The total ordinary shares were then consolidated into 227,446 ordinary shares of £0.08 each; and 
  The 227,446 ordinary shares of £0.08 each were then sub-divided into 45,489,200 ordinary shares 

of £0.004 each. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

9. 

Capital and reserves (Cont’d) 

The transactions that took place on 3 May 2017 were as follows: 

 

 

4,510,800 new ordinary shares were issued to the remaining shareholder of N4 UK in return for 
the remaining 51 per cent. of shares in N4 UK constituting the reverse takeover; 
4,591,400  deferred  consideration  shares  to  be  issued  under  certain  conditions  to  the  same 
recipient in return for the remaining 51 per cent. of shares constituting the reverse takeover; 
£1,500,000 was raised by the Placing of 21,428,571 new ordinary shares at 7 pence per share; 
Issue of placing warrants on a 1 for 1 basis at an exercise price of 8.5p per placing warrant; 

 
 
  The Company settled a broker invoice via the issue of 285,714 ordinary shares at 7p each 

All  ordinary  shares  rank  equally  in  all  respects,  including  for  dividends,  shareholder  attendance  and 
voting rights at meetings, on a return of capital and in a winding-up. 

The 137,674,431 deferred shares acquired as part of the reverse takeover as noted above, have no right 
to dividends nor do the holders thereof have the right to receive notice of or to attend or vote at any 
general meeting of the Company. On a return of capital or on a winding up of the Company, the holders 
of  the  deferred  shares  shall  only be  entitled  to  receive  the  amount  paid  up  on  such  shares  after  the 
holders of the ordinary shares have received the sum of £1,000,000 for each ordinary share held by them.  

A further 2,428,572 ordinary shares were issued during the year as a result of the exercise of 2,071,210 
warrants on 18 December 2017 and a further 357,143 exercised on 29 December 2017. 

Reserves 

Share premium reserve 
The  share  premium reserve comprises the  excess of consideration  received over the  par value  of the 
shares issued, plus the nominal value of share capital at the date of redesignation at no par value. 

Share option reserve 
The share option reserve comprises the fair value of warrants and options granted, less the fair value of 
lapsed and expired warrants and options. 

Reserves in the consolidated statement of financial position comprise the share option reserve, reverse 
acquisition reserve and the merger reserve. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

10. 

Earnings per share 

The  calculation  of  basic  loss  per  share  at  31  December  2017  was  based  on  the  loss  of  £1,836,984  (9 
months to 31 December 2016: £176,578), and a weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding 
of 64,783,082 (2016: 8,844,706), calculated as follows: 

Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 
Deemed cost of listing 

Adjusted losses attributable to ordinary shareholders 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares 

Issued ordinary shares at 1 January  
Effect of shares issued during the year 

Weighted average number of shares at 31 December 

Basic loss per share 

2017 

£ 

1,835,984 
(1,023,734) 

813,250 

Proforma  
2016 
£ 

176,578 
- 

176,578 

100 
64,782,982 

64,783,082 

100 
- 

100 

2017 pence 
per share 

Proforma  
2016 pence 
per share 

(1.26) 

(2.00) 

Diluted loss per share 
Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding 
to assume conversion of all potential dilutive shares, namely share options. The calculation of diluted 
loss per share at 31 December 2017 was based on the loss of £1,836,984 (9 months to 31 December 2016: 
£176,578),  and  a  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares  outstanding  of  65,811,509  (2016: 
8,844,706). 

Diluted loss per share 

11. 

Financial instruments 

(a) Fair values of financial instruments 

2017 pence 
per share 

Proforma  
2016 pence 
per share 

(1.24) 

(2.00) 

The fair values of all financial assets and financial liabilities are equal to their carrying amounts shown 
in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

Trade and other receivables 
The  fair  value  of  trade  and  other  receivables  is  estimated  as  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows, 
discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date if the effect is material. 

Trade and other payables 
The  fair  value  of  trade  and  other  payables  is  estimated  as  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows, 
discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date if the effect is material. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
The  fair  value  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  is  estimated  as  its  carrying  amount  where  the  cash  is 
repayable  on demand.    Where  it  is  not  repayable  on  demand  then  the fair  value  is  estimated  at  the 
present value of future cash flows, discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

11. 

Financial instruments (Cont’d) 

(b) Credit risk 

Financial risk management  
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument 
fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Group’s receivables and cash and 
cash  equivalents.  The  carrying  amount  of  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  term  deposits  represents  the 
maximum credit exposure on those assets.  The cash and cash equivalents are held with UK bank and 
financial institution counterparties which are rated at least A. 

Exposure to credit risk 
The  carrying  amount  of  financial  assets  represents  the  maximum  credit  exposure.  Therefore,  the 
maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date was £132,700 (2016: £23,187), being the total of 
the carrying amount of financial assets, shown in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

(c) Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.  

The  following  are  the  contractual  maturities  of  financial  liabilities,  including  estimated  interest 
payments and excluding the impact of netting agreements. 

Group: 

Financial liabilities 

31 December 2017 
Trade and other 
payables 

Proforma  
31 December 2016 
Trade and other 
payables 

(c) Liquidity risk (Cont’d) 

Company: 

Financial liabilities 

31 December 2017 
Trade and other 
payables 

Proforma  
31 December 2016 
Trade and other 
payables 

 (d) Currency risk 

Carrying 
amount 
£ 

Contractual 
cash flows 
£ 

6 months or 
less 
£ 

6-12 
months 
£ 

1 -2 years 

£ 

143,788 

143,788 

143,788 

102,046 

102,046 

102,046 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Carrying 
amount 
£ 

Contractual 
cash flows 
£ 

6 months or 
less 
£ 

6-12 
months 
£ 

1 -2 years 

£ 

4,125 

4,125 

4,125 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

The Group does not have significant exposure to foreign currency risk at present. The Group does not 
have  any  monetary  financial  instruments  which  are  held  in  a  currency  that  differs  from  that  entity’s 
functional currency. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

11. 

Financial instruments (Cont’d) 

(e) Interest rate risk 

Profile 
At the reporting date the interest rate profile of interest-bearing financial instruments was: 

Group: 

Variable rate instruments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Company: 

Variable rate instruments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Carrying amount 

2017 
£ 

Proforma  
2016 
£ 

1,326,272 

19,751 

Carrying amount 

2017 
£ 

2016 
£ 

1,266,921 

172,430 

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable rate instruments 
The Group’s interest bearing assets at the reporting date were invested with financial institutions in the 
United Kingdom with a S&P rating of A2 and comprised solely bank accounts.  

A change in interest rates would have increased/(decreased) profit or loss by the amounts shown below. 
This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant. This 
analysis is performed on the same basis for 2016. 

Group: 

Variable rate instruments 

Company: 

Variable rate instruments 

2017 
Profit or loss 

2016 
Profit or loss 

100 bp 
increase 
13,263 

100 bp 
decrease 
(13,263) 

100 bp 
increase 
198 

100 bp 
decrease 
(198) 

2017 
Profit or loss 

2016 
Profit or loss 

100 bp 
increase 
12,669 

100 bp 
decrease 
(12,669) 

100 bp 
increase 
1,724 

100 bp 
decrease 
(1,724) 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017 

N4 Pharma Plc 

12. 

Related parties 

Key management personnel 

As at the year end, there are no key management personnel employed by the Group in addition to the 
Directors.  

Directors’ remuneration and interests 

2017 

Director 

Nigel Theobald (Chief 
Executive Officer) 
Paul Titley  
David Templeton 
Luke Cairns 
Gavin Burnell (resigned)  
Prof. Humayun Akhter Mughal* 
(resigned) 

Cash-based 
payments  

Remuneration 
Share-based 
payments  

£ 
61,786 

34,366 
16,000 
21,000 
30,000 
4,000 

£ 
299,045 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Interests 

Shares 

Options 

No. 
12,255,233 

No. 
- 

142,857 
- 
142,857 
1,107,143 
1,835,400 

1,434,286 
717,143 
1,392,455 
2,701,210 
- 

Totals 

£ 
360,831 

34,366 
16,000 
21,000 
30,000 
4,000 

167,152 

299,045 

466,197 

15,483,490 

6,245,094 

An amount of £56,000 (2016: £81,000) is payable to Nigel Theobald by N4 UK Limited. This forms part of 
the Trade and Other payables. 

No contributions are paid by the Group to a pension scheme on behalf of the Directors. 

There are no further related parties identified.  

13. 

Subsequent events 

Between 1 January 2018 and 24 April 2018, a total of 9,228,280 warrants were exercised at a price of 
8.5p per warrant. This resulted in the issue of 9,228,280 ordinary shares of 0.4p each subsequent to the 
year end. The warrants were issued on 3 May 2017 as part of Placing.  

As a result of these warrant exercises, the Company has received £784,404 in additional funding.  

On  5  February  2018,  4,951,400  ordinary  shares  were  issued  to  Nigel  Theobald  (the  “Deferred 
Consideration  Shares”)  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  share  purchase  agreement  entered  into 
between the Company and Nigel Theobald dated 13 April 2017. 

The  RTO  brought into the  Group an investment in Alecto Minerals Plc (“Alecto”) at a  cost of £59,186 
which  could  not  be  sold  prior  to  completion  of  the  RTO.  Trading  on  AIM  in  Alecto’s  shares  has  been 
cancelled with effect from 11 July 2017 due to the delay in publishing an admission document for the 
proposed reverse takeover.  

Management  took  the  view  that,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  referred  to  above,  it  is  reasonable  to 
assume that the Alecto shares no longer hold any value and, as such, took the decision to impair the 
value of the shares to nil at 31 December 2017. 

Subsequent to year end, Alecto was re-admitted onto the AIM market under the new name ‘Cradle Arc’. 
As a result of the re-admission to the market, the Group redeemed the shares held in this investment 
and received £27,262 from the sale.  

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