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Nephros

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FY2014 Annual Report · Nephros
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-K

  ☒

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014

  ☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from                                to

Commission File Number 001-32288

NEPHROS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

13-3971809
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

41 Grand Avenue
River Edge, NJ 07661
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(201) 343-5202
(Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:

(Title of Class)
Common Stock, $.001 par value per share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to
be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to
submit and post such files).
Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large
accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  ☐   Accelerated filer  ☐   Non-accelerated filer  ☐

  Smaller reporting company  ☒

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, as of June 30, 2014, was approximately $15,004,000. Such aggregate
market value was computed by reference to the closing price of the common stock as reported on the OTCQB Marketplace operated by the OTC Markets
Group, Inc., or OTCQB, on June 30, 2014.  For purposes of making this calculation only, the registrant has defined affiliates as including only directors and
executive officers and shareholders holding greater than 10% of the voting stock of the registrant as of June 30, 2014.

As of April 14, 2015 there were 30,393,640 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item 1. Business
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2. Properties
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

PART I

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and  Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Item 9B. Other Information

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
Signatures

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

In this Annual Report of Nephros, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, the Company is restating (i) its audited
consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, including the cumulative effect as of January
1, 2009, and (ii) its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements as of, and for each of the quarterly periods ended, March 31, June 30, and
September 30, in the years 2014 and 2013.

The restatement results from the Company's prior accounting for certain outstanding common stock purchase warrants originally issued in November 2007 as
components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities. The terms of the Warrants include a provision (the “Anti-Dilution Adjustment Provision”) that in the
event the Company, at any time or from time to time after the Warrants were issued, sells or issues any shares of common stock for a consideration per share
less than the per share exercise price of the Warrants in effect on the date of such sale or issuance (any such sale or issuance, a “Dilutive Issuance”), then, and
thereafter  upon  each  further  Dilutive  Issuance,  the  per  share  exercise  price  of  the  Warrants  in  effect  immediately  prior  to  such  Dilutive  Issuance  shall  be
changed to a price equal to the consideration per share received by the Company in respect of the shares issued in such Dilutive Issuance (rounded to the
nearest tenth of a cent). Since their issuance, the Company has accounted for the Warrants as equity instruments.

In connection with the audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company’s management further
evaluated the warrants under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 815-40, “Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity.”  ASC Subtopic 815-40-15
addresses equity versus liability treatment and classification of equity-linked financial instruments, including common stock purchase warrants, and states that
a warrant may be classified as a component of equity only if, among other things, the warrant is indexed to the issuer’s common stock.  Under ASC Subtopic
815-40-15, a warrant is not indexed to the issuer’s common stock if the terms of the warrant require an adjustment to the exercise price upon a specified event
and  that  event  is  not  an  input  to  the  fair  value  of  the  warrant.    Based  on  management’s  evaluation,  the  Company’s  audit  committee,  in  consultation  with
management  and  after  discussion  with  Withum  Smith+Brown  PC,  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  concluded  that  the
Company’s warrants are not indexed to the Company’s common stock in the manner contemplated by ASC Section 815-40-15 because certain transactions
that would trigger adjustments under the Anti-Dilution Adjustment Provision are not inputs to the fair value of the warrants. As a result, the Company should
have  classified  the  warrants  as  derivative  liabilities  as  of  January  1,  2009,  the  date  which  ASC  Section  815-40-15  was  effective.  Under  this  accounting
treatment, the Company is required to measure the fair value of the warrants at the end of each reporting period beginning in the year ended December 31,
2009, with a cumulative effect presented as of January 1, 2009, and recognize changes in the fair value for all periods beginning with January 1, 2009 in its
operating results for the current period.

The  Company’s  financial  statements  as  of  January  1,  2009  and  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2009  to  2013  (the  “Prior  Financial  Statements”),  were
audited by Rothstein Kass, an independent registered public accounting firm. Though it still exists, Rothstein Kass has ceased practicing public accounting
and  is  therefore  no  longer  able  to  re-audit  the  Prior  Financial  Statements.  The  report  of  Withum  Smith+Brown  PC  regarding  the  audit  of  our  financial
statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2014, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes a statement that such firm has only been
engaged to audit the adjustments required by the restatement of the Prior Financial Statements, and not the Prior Financial Statements taken as a whole, as to
which it expresses no opinion.

The Company’s accounting for the warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities did not have any effect on the Company’s previously
reported revenue, operating expenses, operating income, cash flows or cash.

In  connection  with  the  restatement,  the  Company  reassessed  the  effectiveness  of  its  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  for  the  periods  affected  by  the
restatement. As a result of that reassessment, the Company determined that its disclosure controls and procedures for such periods were not effective due to
the material weakness with respect to the classification of its warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities.  For more information, see
Item 9A included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The  Company  has  not  amended  its  previously  filed  Annual  Reports  on  Form  10-K  or  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q  for  (i)  its  audited  consolidated
financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, including the cumulative effect as of January 1, 2009, and
(ii) its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements as of, and for each of the quarterly periods ended, March 31, June 30, and September
30, in the years 2014 and 2013 affected by the restatement. The financial information that has been previously filed or otherwise reported for these periods is
superseded  by  the  information  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  and  the  financial  statements  and  related  financial  information  contained  in  such
previously filed reports should no longer be relied upon.

The restatement is more fully described in Note 2 of the notes to the financial statements and in Management’s Discussion and Analysis in Item 7 included.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain  statements  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  constitute  “forward-looking  statements”.  Such  statements  include  statements  regarding  the
efficacy and intended use of our technologies under development, the timelines and strategy for bringing such products to market, the availability of funding
sources for continued development of such products, and our ability to continue as a going concern and other statements that are not historical facts, including
statements  which  may  be  preceded  by  the  words  “intends,”  “may,”  “will,”  “plans,”  “expects,”  “anticipates,”  “projects,”  “predicts,”  “estimates,”  “aims,”
“believes,” “hopes,” “potential” or similar words. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, are based on certain assumptions and
are  subject  to  various  known  and  unknown  risks  and  uncertainties,  many  of  which  are  beyond  our  control.  Actual  results  may  differ  materially  from  the
expectations contained in the forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause such differences include, but are not limited to, the risks that:

· we may not be able to continue as a going concern;

·

the voluntary recalls of point of use (POU) and DSU in-line ultrafilters used in hospital water treatment applications announced on October 30, 2013 and
the related circumstances could subject us to claims or proceedings by consumers, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, or other regulatory
authorities which may adversely impact our sales and revenues;

· we face significant challenges in obtaining market acceptance of our products, which could adversely affect our potential sales and revenues;

· product-related deaths or serious injuries or product malfunctions could trigger recalls, class action lawsuits and other events that could cause us to incur

expenses and may also limit our ability to generate revenues from such products;

· we  face  potential  liability  associated  with  the  production,  marketing  and  sale  of  our  products  and  the  expense  of  defending  against  claims  of  product

liability, could materially deplete our assets and generate negative publicity which could impair our reputation;

·

to the extent our products or marketing materials are found to violate any provisions of the U.S. Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, or FDC Act or any other
statutes or regulations then we could be subject to enforcement actions by the FDA or other governmental agencies;

· we may not be able to obtain funding if and when needed or on terms favorable to us in order to continue operations;

· we may not have sufficient capital to successfully implement our business plan;

· we may not be able to effectively market our products;

· we may not be able to sell our water filtration products or chronic renal failure therapy products at competitive prices or profitably;

· we may encounter problems with our suppliers, manufacturers and distributors;

· we may encounter unanticipated internal control deficiencies or weaknesses or ineffective disclosure controls and procedures;

· we may not obtain appropriate or necessary regulatory approvals to achieve our business plan;

· products  that  appeared  promising  to  us  in  research  or  clinical  trials  may  not  demonstrate  anticipated  efficacy,  safety  or  cost  savings  in  subsequent  pre-

clinical or clinical trials;

· we may not be able to secure or enforce adequate legal protection, including patent protection, for our products; and

· we may not be able to achieve sales growth in key geographic markets.

More detailed information about the Company and the risk factors that may affect the realization of forward-looking statements, including the forward-
looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, is set forth in our filings with the SEC, including our other periodic reports filed with the SEC. We
urge investors and security holders to read those documents free of charge at the SEC’s web site at www.sec.gov. We do not undertake to publicly update or
revise our forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1. Business

Overview

PART I

Nephros is a commercial stage medical device company that develops and sells high performance liquid purification filters. Our filters, which we call
ultrafilters, are primarily used in dialysis centers for the removal of biological contaminants from water, bicarbonate concentrate and/or blood. Because our
ultrafilters  capture  contaminants  as  small  as  0.005  microns  in  size,  they  minimize  exposure  to  a  wide  variety  of  bacteria,  viruses,  fungi,  parasites  and
endotoxins.

Our  ultrafilters  use  proprietary  hollow  fiber  technology.  We  believe  the  hollow  fiber  design  allows  our  ultrafilters  to  optimize  the  three  elements

critical to filter performance:

· Filtration - as low as 0.005 microns
· Flow rate - minimal disruption
· Filter life - up to 12 months

We were founded in 1997 by healthcare professionals affiliated with Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital to develop
and commercialize an alternative method to hemodialysis, or HD. We have extended our filtration technologies to meet the demand for liquid purification in
other areas, in particular water purification.

Our Products

Presently, we offer ultrafilters for sale to customers in five markets:

•

•

•

•

•

Hospitals and Other Healthcare Facilities: Filtration of water to be used for patient washing and drinking as an aid in infection control. The filters
also produce water that is suitable for wound cleansing, cleaning of equipment used in medical procedures and washing of surgeons’ hands.

Dialysis Centers - Water/Bicarbonate: Filtration of water or bicarbonate concentrate used in hemodialysis devices.

Dialysis Centers - Blood: Treatment of patients with chronic renal failure using the OLpūr H2H Hemodiafiltration, or HDF, Module in conjunction
with a UF controlled hemodialysis machine and its accessories, the H2H Module accessories, appropriately prepared water and ultrapure dialysate
for hemodialysis and the OLpūr MD 220 Hemodiafilter.

Military and Outdoor Recreation: Highly compact, individual water purification devices used by soldiers and backpackers to produce drinking water
in the field.

Commercial Facilities: Filtration of water for washing and drinking including use in ice machines and soda fountains.

Our Target Markets

Hospitals and Other Healthcare Facilities. According to the American Hospital Association there are approximately 5,700 hospitals and 920,000 beds
in the U.S. and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that healthcare associated infections (“HAI”) annually account for 1.7
million infections and 99,000 deaths. HAIs affect patients in a hospital or other healthcare facility, and are not present or incubating at the time of admission.
They also include infections acquired by patients in the hospital or facility but appearing after discharge, and occupational infections among staff. Many HAIs
are waterborne bacteria and viruses that can thrive in aging or complex plumbing systems often found in healthcare facilities. The Affordable Care Act, which
was  passed  in  March  2010,  puts  in  place  comprehensive  health  insurance  reforms  that  aim  to  lower  costs  and  enhance  quality  of  care.  With  its
implementation,  healthcare  providers  have  substantial  incentives  to  deliver  better  care  or  be  forced  to  absorb  the  expenses  associated  with  repeat  medical
procedures  or  complications  like  HAIs.  As  a  consequence,  hospitals  and  other  healthcare  facilities  are  proactively  implementing  strategies  to  reduce  the
potential  for  HAIs.  Our  ultrafilters  are  designed  to  aid  in  infection  control  in  the  hospital  and  healthcare  setting  by  treating  facility  water  at  the  point  of
delivery, for example, from sinks and showers.

On June 30, 2014 we submitted to the FDA, for 510(k) clearance, the DSU-H and SSU-H Ultrafilters to filter EPA quality drinking water to remove
microbiological contaminants and waterborne pathogens. On July 22, 2014, we were notified that our submission had been accepted for review. On October
28, 2014, we announced that we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market our DSU-H and SSU-H Ultrafilters as medical devices for use in the
hospital  setting.  The  DSU-H  and  SSU-H  Ultrafilters  are  intended  to  be  used  to  filter  EPA  quality  drinking  water.  The  filters  retain  bacteria,  viruses  and
endotoxin. By providing ultrapure water for patient washing and drinking, the filters aid in infection control. The filters also produce water that is suitable for
wound cleansing, cleaning of equipment used in medical procedures and washing of a surgeon’s hands. The filters are not intended to provide water that can
be used as a substitute for United States Pharmacopeia (“USP”) sterile water.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Dialysis Centers - Water/Bicarbonate. To perform hemodialysis, all dialysis clinics have dedicated water purification systems to produce water and
bicarbonate concentrate. Water and bicarbonate concentrate are essential ingredients for making dialysate, the liquid that removes waste material from the
blood. Within the U.S., there are approximately 6,000 clinics with 100,000 dialysis machines providing over 50 million dialysis treatments to 400,000 patients
annually.

Medicare  is  the  main  payer  for  dialysis  treatment  in  the  U.S.  To  be  eligible  for  Medicare  reimbursement,  dialysis  centers  must  meet  the  minimum
standards for water and bicarbonate concentrate quality set by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (“AAMI”), the American
National  Standards  Institute  (“ANSI”)  and  the  International  Standards  Organization  (“ISO”).  We  anticipate  that  the  stricter  standards  approved  by  these
organizations in 2009 will be adopted by Medicare in the near future.

Published studies have shown that the use of ultrapure dialysate can reduce the overall need for erythropoietin stimulating agents (“ESA”), expensive
drugs used in conjunction with HD. By reducing the level of dialysate contaminants, specifically cytokine-inducing substances that can pass into a patient’s
blood stream, the stimulation of inflammation-inducing cytokines is reduced, thus reducing systemic inflammation. When inflammation is low, inflammatory
morbidities are reduced and a patient’s responsiveness to erythropoietin (“EPO”) is enhanced, consequently the overall need for ESAs is reduced.

We believe that our ultrafilters are attractive to dialysis centers because they exceed currently approved and newly proposed standards for water and
bicarbonate concentrate purity, assist in achieving those standards and may help dialysis centers reduce costs associated with the amount of ESA required to
treat a patient. Our in-line filters are easily installed into the fluid circuits supplying water and bicarbonate concentrate just prior to entering each dialysis
machine.

During March 2014 we signed a non-exclusive distributor agreement with Mar Cor Purification, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cantel Medical Corp.,
to distribute our dialysis ultrafilters to U.S. and Canadian dialysis clinics. In July 2014, we received notification from Health Canada Therapeutic Products
Directorate Medical Devices Bureau that we were successfully issued a license for our Single Stage Ultrafilter (“SSU”).

Dialysis Centers - Blood. The current standard of care in the U.S. for patients with chronic renal failure is HD, a process in which toxins are cleared via
diffusion.  Patients  typically  receive  HD  treatment  at  least  3  times  weekly  for  3-4  hours  per  treatment.  HD  is  most  effective  in  removing  smaller,  easily
diffusible toxins. For patients with acute renal failure, the current standard of care in the U.S. is hemofiltration (“HF”), a process where toxins are cleared via
convection. HF offers a much better removal of larger sized toxins when compared to HD. However, HF treatment is performed on a daily basis, and typically
takes 12-24 hours.

Hemodiafiltration (“HDF”) is an alternative dialysis modality that combines the benefits of HD and HF into a single therapy by clearing toxins using
both  diffusion  and  convection.  Though  not  widely  used  in  the  U.S.,  HDF  is  much  more  prevalent  in  Europe  and  is  performed  in  approximately  16%  of
patients. Clinical experience and literature show the following clinical and patient benefits of HDF:

•

•

•

•

•

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•

Enhanced clearance of middle and large molecular weight toxins

Improved survival - up to a 35% reduction in mortality risk

Reduction in the occurrence of dialysis-related amyloidosis

Reduction in inflammation

Reduction in medication such as EPO and phosphate binders

Improved patient quality of life

Reduction in number of hospitalizations and overall length of stay

However, like HF, HDF can be resource intensive and can require a significant amount of time to deliver one course of treatment.

We have developed a modified approach to HDF that we believe is more patient-friendly, less resource-intensive, and can be used in conjunction with
current HD machines. We refer to our approach as an online mid-dilution hemodiafiltration (mid-dilution HDF) system and it consists of our OLpūr H2H
Module and OLpūr MD 220 Hemodiafilter. The OLpūr H2H HDF Module and OLpūr MD 220 Hemodiafilter are cleared by the FDA to market for use with a
ultrafiltration controlled hemodialysis machine that provides ultrapure dialysate in accordance with current ANSI/AAMI/ISO standards, for the treatment of
patients with chronic renal failure in the United States. Our on-line mid-dilution HDF system is the only on-line mid-dilution HDF system of its kind to be
cleared by the FDA to date. 

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  completed  preparation  of  our  OLpūr  H2H  HDF  Modules  and  have  manufactured  lots  of  our  OLpūr  MD220  Hemodiafilters,  H2H  Substitution
filters  and  H2H  water  filters.  We  also  finalized  our  service  contract  to  support  the  commercialization  of  our  system  in  the  field.  In  May  2014,  DaVita
Healthcare  Partners  announced  that  it  had  commenced  delivering  and  evaluating  on-line  mid-dilution  hemodiafiltration  treatments  to  select  patients  at
DaVita’s North Colorado Springs Clinic. In February 2015, we announced that, in the course of the evaluation, DaVita informed Nephros that they would
require additional validation of the system. Nephros and DaVita agreed upon a protocol for the additional validation work which was completed in March. We
have submitted the data report to DaVita, and have been informed that it is still under review. Upon satisfactory completion of the additional validation work,
it is anticipated that DaVita will continue its evaluation. In March 2015, we announced that the Renal Research Institute, a research division of Fresenius
Medical Care, was conducting an evaluation of our hemodiafiltration system in its clinic. We also anticipate evaluating our on-line mid-dilution HDF system
at  other  clinics  throughout  the  U.S.  and,  although  we  have  not  begun  to  broadly  market  our  on-line  mid-dilution  HDF  system,  we  are  actively  seeking  a
commercialization partner in the U.S.

Military and Outdoor Recreation. Water is a key requirement for the soldier to be fully mission-capable. The need for water supplies and immediate
on-site water purification is critical to enhance the ability to operate in any environment. Currently, the military is heavily reliant on the use of bottled water to
support its soldiers in the field. Bottled water is not always available, is very costly to move, resource intensive, and prone to constant supply disruptions.
Soldiers conducting operations in isolated and rugged terrain must be able to use available local water sources when unable to resupply from bulk drinking
water sources or bottled water. Therefore, the soldier needs the capability to purify water from indigenous water sources in the absence of available potable
water. Soldiers must have the ability to remove microbiological contaminants in the water to Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) specified levels.

We  offer  our  individual  water  treatment  device  (“IWTD”)  in  both  in-line  (HydraGuard  in-line)  and  point-of-use  (HydraGuard  Universal)
configurations. Our IWTD allows a soldier in the field to derive drinking water from any fresh water source. This enables the soldier to remain hydrated
which will maintain mission effectiveness and unit readiness, and extend mission reach. Our IWTD is one of the few portable filters that has been validated
by the military to meet the NSF Protocol P248 standard. It has also been approved by U.S. Army Public Health Command and U.S. Army Test and Evaluation
Command for deployment. To date, we have received purchase orders for approximately 2,000 IWTDs from individual units of the U.S. armed forces.

In  February  2013,  Nephros  submitted  its  response  to  a  U.S.  Army  request  for  proposal  (RFP)  relating  to  IWTDs  (W911QY-13-R-0011).  In  March
2013, we received notification from the U.S. Army that the Government had completed the initial evaluation of our proposal and found Nephros to be within
the competitive range to commence negotiations. We also received a request for 180 of our IWTDs to be used for testing during the Limited User Evaluation
phase  of  the  source  selection.  On  July  10,  2014,  we  received  notification  from  the  U.S.  Army  Contracting  Command  that  discussions  with  offerors,  who
remain within the competitive range, had concluded. On August 29, 2014 we received Amendment 0005 to the IWTD solicitation, which notified offerors
that the Government had cancelled the solicitation, as of the date of the amendment. Per subsequent discussions with the U.S. Army, they informed us that
they plan to re-visit the requirements for the IWTD and re-solicit the requirements in a new RFP at a future date.

In  October  2014,  the  U.S.  Army  re-solicited  for  proposal  via  RFI  (Request  for  Information)  with  updated  requirements  for  the  IWTD.  In  the  RFI
pricing was also a request for a purchase of 50 devices for testing and evaluation for the selected devices. We believe that the Nephros HydraGuard Purifiers
meet the requirements provided in the RFI and thus submitted a response to the RFI in November 2014. In January 2015, we received a Purchase Order from
the  U.S.  Army  and  provided  50  devices  for  testing  and  evaluation.  We  continue  to  work  with  the  U.S.  Army  and  other  branches  of  the  U.S.  Military  to
support the IWTD program.

We continue to make our IWTD available to the U.S. military outside of the RFP. During 2013, we signed distributor agreements with W.S. Darley &
Company,  Source  One  Distribution  Inc.  and  Atlantic  Diving  Supply,  Inc.  In  July  2014,  we  were  awarded  a  contract  for  both  our  HydraGuard  Inline  and
HydraGuard Universal IWTD’s in response to solicitation RFQ902286 from the U.S. Army. The HydraGuard Inline and Universal are listed on the Darley
website and in their on-line catalogue. Also, in June 2014 and September 2014, we attended the Darley Defense Expo in Virginia Beach and Modern Day
Marine, respectively.

In  November  2014,  we  submitted  the  HydraGuard  purifier  for  the  U.S.  Army  Expeditionary  Warrior  Experiments  (AEWE)  held  at  the  Maneuver

Center of Excellence at Fort Benning. In February 2015, we received notice of acceptance and presented at the AEWE in March of 2015.

Commercial Facilities. In October 2013, we announced the voluntary recalls of our point of use (POU) and DSU in-line ultrafilters used in hospital
water treatment applications. As a result, we recalled all production lots of our POU filters, and also requested that customers remove and discard certain
labeling/promotional  materials  for  the  products.  In  addition,  for  the  DSU  in-line  ultrafilter,  we  also  requested  that  customers  remove  and  discard  certain
labeling/promotional materials for the product.  These voluntary recalls did not affect our dialysis products. On March 20, 2014, we requested termination of
our product recall from the FDA. As of the date of this report, there has been no additional communication from the FDA.

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We have launched our new NanoGuard-D and NanoGuard-S in-line ultrafilters for the filtration of water which is to be used for non-medical drinking
and washing in non-transient non-community water systems, or commercial facilities. The NanoGuard-D and NanoGuard-S trap particulates greater than 5nm
in size and the water permeability (the ease at which water can pass through a membrane at a given pressure) of the membrane is higher than membranes with
a  similar  pore  size.    This  provides  improved  flow  performance  relative  to  the  physical  size  of  the  filter.    We  anticipate  that  the  filters  will  be  used  as  a
component of a facility water treatment system and also for filtering water to be used in ice machines and soda fountains.

With respect to public drinking water systems, EPA regulations make a distinction between community and non-community systems. A community
water  system  supplies  water  to  the  same  population  year-round.  It  serves  at  least  25  people  at  their  primary  residences  or  at  least  15  residences  that  are
primary residences. Community water systems include those that supply municipalities, mobile home parks, and residential sub-divisions.

Non-community water systems are composed of transient and non-transient water systems:

· Transient non-community water systems provide water to 25 or more people for at least 60 days/year; however, not to the same people and not on a regular

basis, e.g. gas stations, campgrounds.

· Non-transient non-community water systems regularly supply water to at least 25 of the same people at least six months per year, but not year-round, e.g.

office buildings, schools, hotels and factories which have their own water systems.

Corporate Information

We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in April 1997. Our principal executive offices are located at 41 Grand Avenue, River
Edge,  New  Jersey,  07661,  and  our  telephone  number  is  (201)  343-5202.  We  also  have  an  office  in  Dublin,  Ireland.  For  more  information  about  Nephros,
please visit our website at www.nephros.com .

Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. Our recurring losses and
difficulty in generating sufficient cash flow to meet our obligations and sustain our operations raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going
concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We have incurred significant losses in operations in each quarter since inception. In addition, we have not generated positive cash flow from operations
for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. To become profitable, we must increase revenue substantially and achieve and maintain positive gross and
operating margins. If we are not able to increase revenue and gross and operating margins sufficiently to achieve profitability, our results of operations and
financial condition will be materially and adversely affected.

There can be no assurance that our future cash flow will be sufficient to meet our obligations and commitments. If we are unable to generate sufficient
cash flow from operations in the future to service our commitments, we will be required to adopt alternatives, such as seeking to raise debt or equity capital,
curtailing  our  planned  activities  or  ceasing  our  operations.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  any  such  actions  could  be  effected  on  a  timely  basis  or  on
satisfactory terms or at all, or that these actions would enable us to continue to satisfy our capital requirements.

Recent Developments

On December 18, 2014, we sold 5.0 million shares of our common stock pursuant to a rights offering made to our stockholders, resulting in gross
proceeds  of  $3.0  million.  From  those  proceeds,  we  repaid  the  August  29,  2014  senior  secured  note  issued  to  Lambda  Investors  LLC  (“Lambda”)  in  the
principal amount of $1.75 million, along with accrued interest and fees of approximately $139,000.

 Manufacturing and Suppliers

We do not, and do not intend to in the near future, manufacture any of our products and components. With regard to the OLpūr MD190 and MD220, on
June 27, 2011, we entered into a license agreement, effective July 1, 2011, as amended by the first amendment dated February 19, 2014, with Bellco S.r.l.
(“Bellco”),  an  Italy-based  supplier  of  hemodialysis  and  intensive  care  products,  for  the  manufacturing,  marketing  and  sale  of  our  patented  mid-dilution
dialysis filters (MD190, MD220), referred to herein as the Products. Under the agreement, as amended by the first amendment, we granted Bellco a license to
manufacture, market and sell the Products under its own name, label and CE mark in Italy, France, Belgium, Spain, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway and
Sweden on an exclusive basis, and to do the same on a non-exclusive basis in the United Kingdom, Greece, Brazil, China, Korea, Mexico and the Netherlands
and,  upon  our  written  approval,  other  European  countries  where  we  do  not  sell  the  Products  as  well  as  non-European  countries,  all  such  countries  herein
referred to as the Territory.  

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
In April 2012, we entered into a license and supply agreement with Medica S.p.A., an Italy-based medical product manufacturing company, for the
marketing  and  sale  of  certain  filtration  products  based  upon  Medica’s  proprietary  Medisulfone  ultrafiltration  technology  in  conjunction  with  our  filtration
products, and to engage in an exclusive supply arrangement for the filtration products. Under the license and supply Agreement, Medica granted to us an
exclusive license, with right of sublicense, to market, promote, distribute, offer for sale and sell the filtration products worldwide, excluding Italy, during the
term of the agreement.

Sales and Marketing

Under the Bellco license agreement, as discussed above, we granted Bellco a license to manufacture, market and sell the Products under its own name,

label and CE mark in the Territory. In addition, if requested by us, Bellco will be required to sell the Products to our distributors in the Territory.

Our New Jersey office oversees global sales and marketing activity of our ultrafilter products. We are in discussions with several medical products and
filtration products suppliers to act as non-exclusive distributors of our ultrafilter products to medical and non-medical institutions. In May 2012, we signed a
non-exclusive  U.S.  distributor  agreement  with  Vantage.  In  July  2012,  we  signed  non-exclusive  U.S.  distributor  agreements  with  TQM  and  Ameriwater.
During 2013 we signed a non-exclusive North American distributor agreement with Chem-aqua and Garratt-Callahan.   In February 2014 we signed a non-
exclusive North American distributor agreement with Mar Cor Purification. For each prospective market for our ultrafilter products, we are pursuing alliance
opportunities for joint product development and distribution. Our ultrafilter manufacturer in Europe shares certain intellectual property rights with us for one
of our Dual Stage Ultrafilter (DSU) designs.

 Research and Development

Our  research  and  development  efforts  continue  on  several  fronts  directly  related  to  our  current  product  lines.  We  are  also  working  on  additional

machine devices, next-generation user interface enhancements and other product enhancements.

We  were  awarded  research  contracts  from  the  Office  of  Naval  Research  (“ONR”)  for  development  of  a  potable  dual-stage  military  water  purifying
filter. The initial research contract was awarded in 2006 for approximately $1 million and work was completed in August 2009. The second research contract
was awarded in August 2009 and was an expansion of the 2006 ONR contract which is being performed as part of the Marine Corps Advanced Technology
Demonstration project. The primary objective of this expanded research program is to select concepts and functional prototype filter/pump units which were
developed during the first phase of the project, and further develop them into smaller field-testable devices that can be used for military evaluation purposes.
An advantage of our ultrafilter is the removal of viruses which are not removed with commercially available off-the-shelf microfilter devices. Such devices
generally  rely  on  a  secondary  chemical  disinfection  step  to  make  the  water  safe  to  drink.  The  expanded  contract  also  includes  research  geared  toward
improving  membrane  performance,  improving  device  durability,  developing  larger  squad-level  water  purifier  devices,  and  investigating  desalination
filter/pump devices for emergency-use purposes.

Major Customers

For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, three customers accounted for 78% and 86%, respectively, of our revenues.

As of December 31, 2014 three customers accounted for 83% of our accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2013, two customers accounted for 97%

of our accounts receivable.

Competition

With  respect  to  the  water  filtration  market,  we  expect  to  compete  with  companies  that  are  well  entrenched  in  the  water  filtration  domain.  These
companies include Pall Corporation, which manufactures end-point water filtration systems, as well as 3M and Siemens. Our methods of competition in the
water filtration domain include:

·

·

·

·

developing and marketing products that are designed to meet critical and specific customer needs more effectively than competitive devices;

offering unique attributes that illustrate our product reliability, “user-friendliness,” and performance capabilities;

selling products to specific customer groups where our unique product attributes are mission-critical; and

pursuing alliance opportunities for joint product development and distribution.

The dialyzer and renal replacement therapy market is subject to intense competition. Accordingly, our future success will depend on our ability to meet

the clinical needs of physicians and nephrologists, improve patient outcomes and remain cost-effective for payers.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We compete with other suppliers of End Stage Renal Disease (“ESRD”) therapies, supplies and services. These suppliers include Fresenius Medical
Care  AG,  and  Baxter,  currently  two  of  the  primary  machine  manufacturers  in  hemodialysis.  At  present,  Fresenius  Medical  Care  AG  and  Baxter  also
manufacture HDF machines.

The  markets  in  which  we  sell  our  dialysis  products  are  highly  competitive.  Our  competitors  in  the  sale  of  hemodialysis  products  include  Baxter
International Inc., Fresenius Medical Care AG, Asahi Kasei Medical Co. Ltd., B. Braun Melsungen AG, Nipro Medical Corporation Ltd., Nikkiso Co., Ltd.,
Terumo Medical Corporation and Toray Medical Co., Ltd.

Other  competitive  considerations  include  pharmacological  and  technological  advances  in  preventing  the  progression  of  ESRD  in  high-risk  patients
such as those with diabetes and hypertension, technological developments by others in the area of dialysis, the development of new medications designed to
reduce the incidence of kidney transplant rejection and progress in using kidneys harvested from genetically-engineered animals as a source of transplants.

We are not aware of any other companies using technology similar to ours in the treatment of ESRD. Our competition would increase, however, if
companies that currently sell ESRD products, or new companies that enter the market, develop technology that is more efficient than ours. We believe that in
order to become competitive in this market, we will need to develop and maintain competitive products and take and hold sufficient market share from our
competitors. Therefore, we expect our methods of competing in the ESRD marketplace to include:

·

·

·

·

·

continuing our efforts to develop, have manufactured and sell products which, when compared to existing products, perform more efficiently
and are available at prices that are acceptable to the market;

displaying our products and providing associated literature at major industry trade shows in the United States;

initiating discussions with dialysis clinic medical directors, as well as representatives of dialysis clinical chains, to develop interest in our
products; 

pursuing alliance opportunities in certain territories for distribution of our products and possible alternative manufacturing facilities; and

entering into license agreements similar to the Bellco S.r.l. agreement to expand market share.

Intellectual Property

Patents

We protect our technology and products through patents and patent applications. In addition to the United States, we also applied for patents in other
jurisdictions, such as the European Patent Office, Canada and Japan, to the extent we deem appropriate. We have built a portfolio of patents and applications
covering our products, including their hardware design and methods of hemodiafiltration.

We believe that our patent strategy will provide a competitive advantage in our target markets, but our patents may not be broad enough to cover our
competitors’ products and may be subject to invalidation claims. Our U.S. patents for the “Method and Apparatus for Efficient Hemodiafiltration” and for the
“Dual-Stage Filtration Cartridge,” have claims that cover the OLpur MDHDF filter series and the method of hemodiafiltration employed in the operation of
the  products.  Technological  developments  in  ESRD  therapy  could  reduce  the  value  of  our  intellectual  property.  Any  such  reduction  could  be  rapid  and
unanticipated. We have issued patents on our water filtration products and applications in process to cover various applications in residential, commercial, and
remote environments.

As of December 31, 2014, we have eighteen issued U.S. patents, one issued Eurasian patent, seven Mexican patents, four South Korean patents, three
Russian patents, six Chinese patents, nine French patents, nine German patents, five Israeli patents, seven Italian patents, three Spanish patents, nine United
Kingdom  patents,  fourteen  Japanese  patents,  three  Hong  Kong  patents,  nine  Canadian  patents,  one  Australian  patent,  two  patents  in  Brazil,  one  patent  in
Sweden  and  one  patent  in  the  Netherlands.  Our  issued  U.S.  patents  expire  between  2018  and  2027.  In  addition,  we  have  three  pending  U.S.  patent
applications, four pending patent applications in Canada, five pending patent applications in the European Patent Office, two pending patent applications in
Brazil, one pending patent application in China, four pending patent applications in Israel, two pending patent applications in India and one pending patent
application in South Korea. Our pending patent applications relate to a range of dialysis technologies, including cartridge configurations, cartridge assembly,
substitution fluid systems, and methods to enhance toxin removal.

9

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trademarks

As  of  December  31,  2014,  we  secured  registrations  of  the  trademarks  CENTRAPUR,  H2H,OLpūr  and  the  Arrows  Logo  in  the  European  Union.
Applications for these trademarks are pending registration in the United States. We also have applications for registration of a number of other marks pending
in the United States Patent and Trademark Office.

Governmental Regulation

The research and development, manufacturing, promotion, marketing and distribution of our ESRD therapy products in the United States, Europe and

other regions of the world are subject to regulation by numerous governmental authorities, including the FDA, the European Union and analogous agencies.

United States

The  FDA  regulates  the  manufacture  and  distribution  of  medical  devices  in  the  United  States  pursuant  to  the  FDC  Act.  All  of  our  ESRD  therapy
products are regulated in the United States as medical devices by the FDA under the FDC Act. Under the FDC Act, medical devices are classified in one of
three classes, namely Class I, II or III, on the basis of the controls deemed necessary by the FDA to reasonably ensure their safety and effectiveness.

•          Class I devices are medical devices for which general controls are deemed sufficient to ensure their safety and effectiveness. General controls
include provisions related to (1) labeling, (2) producer registration, (3) defect notification, (4) records and reports and (5) quality service requirements, or
QSR.

•          Class II devices are medical devices for which the general controls for the Class I devices are deemed not sufficient to ensure their safety and
effectiveness  and  require  special  controls  in  addition  to  the  general  controls.  Special  controls  include  provisions  related  to  (1)  performance  and  design
standards, (2) post-market surveillance, (3) patient registries and (4) the use of FDA guidelines.

•                    Class  III  devices  are  the  most  regulated  medical  devices  and  are  generally  limited  to  devices  that  support  or  sustain  human  life  or  are  of
substantial importance in preventing impairment of human health or present a potential, unreasonable risk of illness or injury. Pre-market approval by the
FDA is the required process of scientific review to ensure the safety and effectiveness of Class III devices.

Before a new medical device can be introduced to the market, FDA clearance of a pre-market notification under Section 510(k) of the FDC Act or
FDA  clearance  of  a  pre-market  approval,  or  PMA,  application  under  Section  515  of  the  FDC  Act  must  be  obtained.  A  Section  510(k)  clearance  will  be
granted if the submitted information establishes that the proposed device is “substantially equivalent” to a legally marketed Class I or Class II medical device
or  to  a  Class  III  medical  device  for  which  the  FDA  has  not  called  for  pre-market  approval  under  Section  515.  The  Section  510(k)  pre-market  clearance
process is generally faster and simpler than the Section 515 pre-market approval process.

For any devices cleared through the Section 510(k) process, modifications or enhancements that could significantly affect the safety or effectiveness of
the  device  or  that  constitute  a  major  change  to  the  intended  use  of  the  device  will  require  a  new  Section  510(k)  pre-market  notification  submission.
Accordingly, if we do obtain Section 510(k) pre-market clearance for any of our ESRD therapy and DSU products, we will need to submit another Section
510(k) pre-market notification if we significantly affect that product’s safety or effectiveness through subsequent modifications or enhancements.

On July 1, 2009, we received FDA clearance of the DSU to be used to filter biological contaminants from water and bicarbonate concentrate used in

hemodialysis procedures.

On August 11, 2011, we filed a 510(k) application with the FDA for clearance of our hemodiafiltration (HDF) system for end-stage renal disease. On
April 30, 2012, we announced that 510(k) clearance was received from the FDA to market the OLpūr H2H Module and OLpūr MD 220 Hemodiafilter for use
with  a  UF  controlled  hemodialysis  machine  that  provides  ultrapure  dialysate  in  accordance  with  current ANSI/AAMI/ISO  standards,  for  the  treatment  of
patients with chronic renal failure in the United States.

On October 28, 2014, we announced that we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market our DSU-H and SSU-H Ultrafilters as medical devices
for use in the hospital setting. The DSU-H and SSU-H Ultrafilters are intended to be used to filter EPA quality drinking water. The filters retain bacteria,
viruses and endotoxin. By providing ultrapure water for patient washing and drinking, the filters aid in infection control. The filters also produce water that is
suitable for wound cleansing, cleaning of equipment used in medical procedures and washing of a surgeon’s hands. The filters are not intended to provide
water that can be used as a substitute for USP sterile water.

10

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The FDC Act requires that medical devices be manufactured in accordance with the FDA’s current QSR regulations which require, among other things,

that:

• the design and manufacturing processes be regulated and controlled by the use of written procedures;

• the ability to produce medical devices which meet the manufacturer’s specifications be validated by extensive and detailed testing of every aspect of

the process;

• any deficiencies in the manufacturing process or in the products produced be investigated;

• detailed records be kept and a corrective and preventative action plan be in place; and

• manufacturing facilities be subject to FDA inspection on a periodic basis to monitor compliance with QSR regulations.

If violations of the applicable QSR regulations are noted during FDA inspections of our manufacturing facilities or the manufacturing facilities of our

contract manufacturers, there may be a material adverse effect on our ability to produce and sell our products.

In addition to the requirements described above, the FDC Act requires that:

• all medical device manufacturers and distributors register with the FDA annually and provide the FDA with a list of those medical devices which they

distribute commercially;

• information  be  provided  to  the  FDA  on  death  or  serious  injuries  alleged  to  have  been  associated  with  the  use  of  the  products,  as  well  as  product

malfunctions that would likely cause or contribute to death or serious injury if the malfunction were to recur; and

• certain medical devices not cleared with the FDA for marketing in the United States meet specific requirements before they are exported.

European Union

The European Union began to harmonize national regulations comprehensively for the control of medical devices in member nations in 1993, when it
adopted  its  Medical  Devices  Directive  93/42/EEC.  The  European  Union  directive  applies  to  both  the  manufacturer’s  quality  assurance  system  and  the
product’s technical design and discusses the various ways to obtain approval of a device (dependent on device classification), how to properly CE Mark a
device and how to place a device on the market.

The regulatory approach necessary to demonstrate to the European Union that the organization has the ability to provide medical devices and related
services that consistently meet customer requirements and regulatory requirements applicable to medical devices requires the certification of a full quality
management system by a notified body. Initially, we engaged TÜV Rheinland of North America, Inc. (“TÜV Rheinland”) as the notified body to assist us in
obtaining  certification  to  the  International  Organization  for  Standardization,  or  ISO,  13485/2003  standard,  which  demonstrates  the  presence  of  a  quality
management system that can be used by an organization for design and development, production, installation and servicing of medical devices and the design,
development and provision of related services.

European  Union  requirements  for  products  are  set  forth  in  harmonized  European  Union  standards  and  include  conformity  to  safety  requirements,
physical  and  biological  properties,  construction  and  environmental  properties,  and  information  supplied  by  the  manufacturer.  A  company  demonstrates
conformity to these requirements, with respect to a product, by pre-clinical tests, biocompatibility tests, qualification of products and packaging, risk analysis
and well-conducted clinical investigations approved by ethics committees.

Once a manufacturer’s full quality management system is determined to be in compliance with ISO 13485/2003 and other statutory requirements, and
the manufacturer’s products conform to harmonized European standards, the notified body will recommend and document such conformity. The manufacturer
will  receive  a  CE  marking  and  ISO  certifications,  and  then  may  place  a  CE  mark  on  the  relevant  products.  The  CE  mark,  which  stands  for  Conformité
Européenne,  demonstrates  compliance  with  the  relevant  European  Union  requirements.  Products  subject  to  these  provisions  that  do  not  bear  the  CE  mark
cannot be imported to, or sold or distributed within, the European Union.

In  July  2003,  we  received  a  certification  from  TÜV  Rheinland  that  our  quality  management  system  conforms  to  the  requirements  of  the  European
Community.  At  the  same  time,  TÜV  Rheinland  approved  our  use  of  the  CE  marking  with  respect  to  the  design  and  production  of  high  permeability
hemodialyzer products for ESRD therapy. In April 2010, we changed our notified body from TÜV Rheinland to BSI America, Inc. and expanded our scope to
include design and development and production of water filters.

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Under the Bellco license agreement, as discussed above, we granted Bellco a license to manufacture, market and sell the Products under its own name,

label and CE mark in the Territory. In addition, if requested by us, Bellco will be required to sell the Products to our distributors in the Territory.

Regulatory Authorities in Regions Outside of the United States and the European Union

We also plan to sell our ESRD therapy products in foreign markets outside the United States which are not part of the European Union. Requirements
pertaining to medical devices vary widely from country to country, ranging from no health regulations to detailed submissions such as those required by the
FDA. We believe the extent and complexity of regulations for medical devices such as those produced by us are increasing worldwide. We anticipate that this
trend will continue and that the cost and time required to obtain approval to market in any given country will increase, with no assurance that such approval
will be obtained. Our ability to export into other countries may require compliance with ISO 13485, which is analogous to compliance with the FDA’s QSR
requirements. In November 2007 and May 2011, the Therapeutic Products Directorate of Health Canada, the Canadian health regulatory agency, approved our
OLpūr MD220 Hemodiafilter and our DSU, respectively, for marketing in Canada. Other than the CE marking and Canadian approval of our OLpūr MD220
Hemodiafilter and DSU products, we have not obtained any regulatory approvals to sell any of our products and there is no assurance that any such clearance
or certification will be issued.

Reimbursement

In  both  domestic  markets  and  markets  outside  of  the  United  States,  sales  of  our  ESRD  therapy  products  will  depend  in  part,  on  the  availability  of
reimbursement from third-party payers. In the United States, ESRD providers are reimbursed through Medicare, Medicaid and private insurers. In countries
other than the United States, ESRD providers are also reimbursed through governmental and private insurers. In countries other than the United States, the
pricing and profitability of our products generally will be subject to government controls. Despite the continually expanding influence of the European Union,
national  healthcare  systems  in  its  member  nations,  including  reimbursement  decision-making,  are  neither  regulated  nor  integrated  at  the  European  Union
level. Each country has its own system, often closely protected by its corresponding national government.

Product Liability and Insurance

The production, marketing and sale of our products have an inherent risk of liability in the event of product failure or claim of harm caused by product
operation. We have acquired product liability insurance for our products in the amount of $2 million. A successful claim in excess of our insurance coverage
could materially deplete our assets. Moreover, any claim against us could generate negative publicity, which could decrease the demand for our products, our
ability to generate revenues and our profitability.

Some of our existing and potential agreements with manufacturers of our products and components of our products do or may require us (1) to obtain
product liability insurance or (2) to indemnify manufacturers against liabilities resulting from the sale of our products. If we are not able to maintain adequate
product liability insurance, we will be in breach of these agreements, which could materially adversely affect our ability to produce our products. Even if we
are able to obtain and maintain product liability insurance, if a successful claim in excess of our insurance coverage is made, then we may have to indemnify
some or all of our manufacturers for their losses, which could materially deplete our assets.

Employees

As of December 31, 2014, we employed a total of 8 employees, 7 of whom were full time and 1 who is employed on a part-time basis. We also have
engaged 2 consultants on an ongoing basis. Of the 10 total employees and consultants, 3 are employed in a sales/marketing/customer support capacity, 3 in
general and administrative and 4 in research and development.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risks Related to Our Company

If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis
could be impaired and the market price of our securities may be negatively affected.

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires us to maintain internal control over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses
in such internal control. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a
reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected and corrected on a timely basis.
We also are required to furnish a report by management on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We perform system and process
evaluation and testing of our internal controls over financial reporting to allow management to prepare and furnish such a report.

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In connection with the preparation of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014, we discovered that we had improperly
accounted for our warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities, and our management and auditors determined that this resulted from a
material  weakness  in  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  This  material  weakness  led  to  the  need  for  the  restatement  of  (i)  our  audited  consolidated
financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, including the cumulative effect as of January 1, 2009, and
(ii) our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements as of, and for each of the quarterly periods ended, March 31, June 30, and September
30, in the years 2014 and 2013.

If  we  are  unable  to  maintain  proper  and  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  we  may  not  be  able  to  produce  timely  and  accurate
financial statements. If that were to happen, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our
securities could decline and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities.

Our independent registered public accounting firm, in its audit report related to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014,
expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  has  included  an  explanatory  paragraph  in  its  report  on  our  consolidated  financial  statements
included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K expressing doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial
statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so. Our
recurring losses and difficulty in generating sufficient cash flow to meet our obligations and sustain our operations raise substantial doubt about our ability to
continue as a going concern, and our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Based on our current cash flow projections, we will need to raise additional funds through either the licensing or sale of our technologies or the additional
public or private offerings of our securities. However, there is no guarantee that we will be able to obtain further financing, or do so on reasonable terms. If
we are unable to raise additional funds on a timely basis, or at all, we would be materially adversely affected.

We have a history of operating losses and a significant accumulated deficit, and we may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future.

As  of  December  31,  2014,  we  had  an  accumulated  deficit  of  approximately  $114,165,000,  as  a  result  of  historical  operating  losses.  We  expect  to
continue to incur additional losses for the foreseeable future as a result of a high level of operating expenses, significant up-front expenditures, including the
cost of clinical trials, production and marketing activities and very limited revenue from the sale of our products. We began sales of our first product in March
2004, and we may never realize sufficient revenues from the sale of our products or be profitable. Each of the following factors, among others, may influence
the timing and extent of our profitability, if any:

·
·
·
·

the market acceptance of our technologies and products in each of our target markets;
our ability to effectively and efficiently manufacture, market and distribute our products;
our ability to sell our products at competitive prices which exceed our per unit costs; and
our ability to continue to develop products and maintain a competitive advantage in our industry.

If we violate any provisions of the FDC Act or any other statutes or regulations, then we could be subject to enforcement actions by the FDA or other
governmental agencies.

We face a significant compliance burden under the FDC Act and other applicable statutes and regulations which govern the testing, labeling, storage,

record keeping, distribution, sale, marketing, advertising and promotion of our medically approved products.

On  October  30,  2013,  we  initiated  a  voluntary  recall  of  our  point  of  use  (POU)  and  DSU  in-line  ultrafilters  used  in  hospital  water  treatment
applications.  We  initiated  the  voluntary  recall  of  these  POU  filters  because  the  FDA  informed  us  that  promotional  materials  for  these  non-medical  water
filtration products were determined to promote claims which constitute marketing the product as a medical device. In addition, we received reports from one
customer  of  high  bacterial  counts  that  may  be  associated  with  the  breakage  of  fiber  in  four  filters. According  to  the  reports  received,  one  death  and  one
infection may have occurred due to the failure mode associated with this voluntary recall. Investigation into these reports is ongoing. Prior to receiving the
complaints  mentioned  previously,  since  we  began  marketing  the  products,  we  received  29  additional  complaints  of  high  bacterial  counts  that  may  be
associated with the breakage of filter fiber. We have had no reports of adverse events associated with these 29 complaints. We have recalled all production lots
of  these  POU  filters,  and  are  also  requesting  that  customers  remove  and  discard  certain  labeling/promotional  materials  for  the  products.  We  initiated  the
voluntary recall of the DSU in-line ultrafilter because the FDA informed us that promotional materials for these non-medical water filtration products were
determined  to  promote  claims  which  constitute  marketing  the  product  as  a  medical  device.  We  are  requesting  that  customers  remove  and  discard  certain
labeling/promotional materials for the product.

If we violate the FDC Act or other regulatory requirements (either with respect to our POU or DSU ultrafilters or otherwise) at any time during or after

the product development and/or approval process, we could be subject to enforcement actions by the FDA or other agencies, including:

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
recalls or seizures of products;
total or partial suspension of the production of our products;

fines;
·
·
injunctions;
· civil penalties;
·
·
· withdrawal of any existing approvals or pre-market clearances of our products;
refusal to approve or clear new applications or notices relating to our products;
·
·
recommendations that we not be allowed to enter into government contracts; and
· criminal prosecution.

Any of the above could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We cannot assure you that our products will be safe or that there will not be product-related deaths, serious injuries or product malfunctions. Further, we
are required under applicable law to report any circumstances relating to our medically approved products that could result in deaths or serious injuries.
These circumstances could trigger recalls, class action lawsuits and other events that could cause us to incur expenses and may also limit our ability to
generate revenues from such products.

We cannot assure you that our products will prove to be safe or that there will not be product-related deaths or serious injuries or product malfunctions,
which could trigger recalls, class action lawsuits and other events that could cause us to incur significant expenses, limit our ability to market our products
and generate revenues from such products or cause us reputational harm.

In  particular,  the  voluntary  recalls  of  the  POU  and  DSU  in-line  ultrafilters  used  in  hospital  water  treatment  applications  announced  on  October  30,
2013 and the related circumstances could subject us to claims or proceedings by consumers, the FDA or other regulatory authorities which may adversely
impact our sales and revenues.

Under  the  FDC  Act,  we  are  required  to  submit  medical  device  reports,  or  MDRs,  to  the  FDA  to  report  device-related  deaths,  serious  injuries  and
malfunctions of medically approved products that could result in death or serious injury if they were to recur. Depending on their significance, MDRs could
trigger events that could cause us to incur expenses and may also limit our ability to generate revenues from such products, such as the following:

information contained in the MDRs could trigger FDA regulatory actions such as inspections, recalls and patient/physician notifications;

·
· because the reports are publicly available, MDRs could become the basis for private lawsuits, including class actions; and
·

if we fail to submit a required MDR to the FDA, the FDA could take enforcement action against us.

If any of these events occur, then we could incur significant expenses and it could become more difficult for us to market and sell our products and to
generate revenues from sales. Other countries may impose analogous reporting requirements that could cause us to incur expenses and may also limit our
ability to generate revenues from sales of our products.

Product liability associated with the production, marketing and sale of our products, and/or the expense of defending against claims of product liability,
could materially deplete our assets and generate negative publicity which could impair our reputation.

The production, marketing and sale of kidney dialysis and water-filtration products have inherent risks of liability in the event of product failure or
claim  of  harm  caused  by  product  operation.  In  particular,  the  voluntary  recalls  of  the  POU  and  DSU  in-line  ultrafilters  used  in  hospital  water  treatment
applications  announced  on  October  30,  2013  and  the  related  circumstances  could  subject  us  to  claims  or  proceedings  by  consumers,  the  FDA  or  other
regulatory authorities which may adversely impact our sales and revenues. Furthermore, even meritless claims of product liability may be costly to defend
against. Although we have acquired product liability insurance for our products, we may not be able to maintain or obtain this insurance on acceptable terms
or at all. Because we may not be able to obtain insurance that provides us with adequate protection against all potential product liability claims, a successful
claim in excess of our insurance coverage could materially deplete our assets. Moreover, even if we are able to obtain adequate insurance, any claim against
us could generate negative publicity, which could impair our reputation and adversely affect the demand for our products, our ability to generate sales and our
profitability.

Some of the agreements that we may enter into with manufacturers of our products and components of our products may require us:

· to obtain product liability insurance; or
· to indemnify manufacturers against liabilities resulting from the sale of our products.

14

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For  example,  the  agreement  with  our  contract  manufacturer,  or  CM,  requires  that  we  obtain  and  maintain  certain  minimum  product  liability  insurance
coverage and that we indemnify our CM against certain liabilities arising out of our products that they manufacture, provided they do not arise out of our
CM’s breach of the agreement, negligence or willful misconduct. If we are not able to obtain and maintain adequate product liability insurance, then we could
be in breach of these agreements, which could materially adversely affect our ability to produce our products and generate revenues. Even if we are able to
obtain and maintain product liability insurance, if a successful claim in excess of our insurance coverage is made, then we may have to indemnify some or all
of our manufacturers for their losses, which could materially deplete our assets.

We face significant challenges in obtaining market acceptance of our products, which could adversely affect our potential sales and revenues.

We do not yet have an established market or customer base for our products. Acceptance of our products in the marketplace by both potential users,
including chronic renal failure patients, and potential purchasers, including nephrologists, dialysis clinics and other health care providers, is uncertain, and our
failure  to  achieve  sufficient  market  acceptance  will  significantly  limit  our  ability  to  generate  revenue  and  be  profitable.  Market  acceptance  will  require
substantial marketing efforts and the expenditure of significant funds by us to inform dialysis patients and nephrologists, dialysis clinics and other health care
providers  of  the  benefits  of  using  our  products.  We  may  encounter  significant  clinical  and  market  resistance  to  our  products  and  our  products  may  never
achieve market acceptance. We may not be able to build key relationships with physicians, clinical groups and government agencies, pursue or increase sales
opportunities in Europe or elsewhere, or be the first to introduce hemodiafiltration therapy in the United States. Product orders may be cancelled, patients or
customers currently using our products may cease to do so and patients or customers expected to begin using our products may not. Factors that may affect
our ability to achieve acceptance of our chronic renal failure therapy products in the marketplace include whether:

such products will be safe for use;
such products will be effective;
such products will be cost-effective;

·
·
·
· we will be able to demonstrate product safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness;
·
· government or third party reimbursement for the cost of such products is available at reasonable rates, if at all.

there are unexpected side effects, complications or other safety issues associated with such products; and

Acceptance of our water filtration products in the marketplace is also uncertain, and our failure to achieve sufficient market acceptance and sell such
products at competitive prices will limit our ability to generate revenue and be profitable. Our water filtration products and technologies may not achieve
expected reliability, performance and endurance standards. Our water filtration products and technology may not achieve market acceptance, including among
hospitals, or may not be deemed suitable for other commercial, military, industrial or retail applications.

Many of the same factors that may affect our ability to achieve acceptance of our chronic renal failure therapy products in the marketplace will also

apply to our water filtration products, except for those related to side effects, clinical trials and third party reimbursement.

If we are not able to successfully scale-up production of our products, then our sales and revenues will suffer.

In order to commercialize our products, we need to be able to produce them in a cost-effective way on a large scale to meet commercial demand, while
maintaining extremely high standards for quality and reliability. The extent to which we fail to successfully commercialize our products will limit our ability
to be profitable.

We expect to rely on a limited number of independent manufacturers to produce our products. Our manufacturers’ systems and procedures may not be
adequate to support our operations and may not be able to achieve the rapid execution necessary to exploit the market for our products. Our manufacturers
could experience manufacturing and control problems as they begin to scale-up our future manufacturing operations, if any, and we may not be able to scale-
up  manufacturing  in  a  timely  manner  or  at  a  commercially  reasonable  cost  to  enable  production  in  sufficient  quantities.  If  we  experience  any  of  these
problems  with  respect  to  our  manufacturers’  initial  or  future  scale-ups  of  manufacturing  operations,  then  we  may  not  be  able  to  have  our  products
manufactured  and  delivered  in  a  timely  manner.  Our  products  are  new  and  evolving,  and  our  manufacturers  may  encounter  unforeseen  difficulties  in
manufacturing them in commercial quantities or at all.

If  we  cannot  develop  adequate  distribution,  customer  service  and  technical  support  networks,  then  we  may  not  be  able  to  market  and  distribute  our
products effectively and/or customers may decide not to order our products. In either case, our sales and revenues will suffer.

Our strategy requires us to distribute our products and provide a significant amount of customer service and maintenance and other technical service.
To  provide  these  services,  we  have  begun,  and  will  need  to  continue,  to  develop  a  network  of  distribution  and  a  staff  of  employees  and  independent
contractors in each of the areas in which we intend to operate. We cannot assure that we will be able to organize and manage this network on a cost-effective
basis. If we cannot effectively organize and manage this network, then it may be difficult for us to distribute our products and to provide competitive service
and support to our customers, in which case customers may be unable, or decide not, to order our products and our sales and revenues will suffer.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
We have limited experience selling our products to healthcare facilities, and we might be unsuccessful in increasing our sales.

Our business strategy depends in part on our ability to sell our products to hospitals and other healthcare facilities that include dialysis clinics. We have
limited  experience  with  respect  to  sales  and  marketing.  If  we  are  unsuccessful  at  manufacturing,  marketing  and  selling  our  products,  our  operations  and
potential revenues will be materially adversely affected.

We cannot sell our products, including certain modifications thereto, until we obtain the requisite regulatory approvals and clearances in the countries in
which we intend to sell our products. If we fail to receive, or experience a significant delay in receiving, such approvals and clearances, then we may not
be able to get our products to market and enhance our revenues.

Our  business  strategy  depends  in  part  on  our  ability  to  get  our  products  into  the  market  as  quickly  as  possible.  We  have  obtained  a  Conformité
Européene,  or  CE,  mark,  which  demonstrates  compliance  with  the  relevant  European  Union  requirements  and  is  a  regulatory  prerequisite  for  selling  our
products in the European Union and certain other countries that recognize CE marking (collectively, “European Community”), for our OLpūr mid dilution
hemodiafilter series product and our Dual Stage Ultrafilter (“DSU”). We have not yet obtained the CE mark for any of our other products. On April 30, 2012,
we announced that we received clearance from the FDA to market our OLpūr MD220 Hemodiafilter and OLpūr H2H Module for use with a hemodialysis
machine that provides ultrapure dialysate in accordance with current ANSI/AAMI/ISO standards, for the treatment of chronic renal failure patients. We have
not begun to broadly market these products and are actively seeking a commercialization partner in the U.S.

There is no assurance that any existing products that have not yet been approved, or any new products developed by us in the future, will be approved
for marketing. The clearance and/or approval processes can be lengthy and uncertain and each requires substantial commitments of our financial resources
and our management’s time and effort. We may not be able to obtain further CE marking or regulatory approval for any of our existing or new products in a
timely manner or at all. Even if we do obtain regulatory approval, approval may be only for limited uses with specific classes of patients, processes or other
devices. Our failure to obtain, or delays in obtaining, the necessary regulatory clearance and/or approvals would prevent us from selling our affected products
in the applicable regions. If we cannot sell some of our products in such regions, or if we are delayed in selling while waiting for the necessary clearance
and/or approvals, our ability to generate revenues from these products will be limited.

We intend to market our products globally. Requirements pertaining to the sale of our products vary widely from country to country. It may be very
expensive and difficult for us to meet the requirements for the sale of our products in many countries. As a result, we may not be able to obtain the required
approvals in a timely manner, if at all. If we cannot sell our products in a particular region, then the size of our potential market could be reduced, which
would limit our potential sales and revenues.

 Clinical studies that may be required for our products are costly and time-consuming, and their outcome is uncertain.

Before obtaining regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of any of our products, other than those for which we have already received marketing

approval in the United States and elsewhere, we must demonstrate through clinical studies that our products are safe and effective.

For products other than those for which we have already received marketing approval, if we do not prove in clinical trials that our products are safe and
effective, we will not obtain marketing approvals from the applicable regulatory authorities. In particular, one or more of our products may not exhibit the
expected medical benefits, may cause harmful side effects, may not be effective in treating dialysis patients or may have other unexpected characteristics that
preclude regulatory approval for any or all indications of use or limit commercial use if approved. The length of time necessary to complete clinical trials
varies significantly and is difficult to predict. Factors that can cause delay or termination of our clinical trials include:

·

slower than expected patient enrollment due to the nature of the protocol, the proximity of subjects to clinical sites, the eligibility criteria for the study,
competition with clinical trials for similar devices or other factors;
lower than expected retention rates of subjects in a clinical trial;
inadequately trained or insufficient personnel at the study site to assist in overseeing and monitoring clinical trials;

·
·
· delays in approvals from a study site’s review board, or other required approvals;
·
·
· adverse medical events or side effects in treated subjects; and
·

longer treatment time required to demonstrate effectiveness;
lack of sufficient supplies of the product;

lack of effectiveness of the product being tested.

Even if we obtain positive results from clinical studies for our products, we may not achieve the same success in future studies of such products. Data
obtained from clinical studies are susceptible to varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. In addition, we may encounter
delays or rejections based upon changes in regulatory policy for device approval during the period of product development and regulatory review of each
submitted  new  device  application.  Moreover,  regulatory  approval  may  entail  limitations  on  the  indicated  uses  of  the  device.  Failure  to  obtain  requisite
governmental approvals or failure to obtain approvals of the scope requested will delay or preclude our licensees or marketing partners from marketing our
products or limit the commercial use of such products and will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  addition,  some  or  all  of  the  clinical  trials  we  undertake  may  not  demonstrate  sufficient  safety  and  efficacy  to  obtain  the  requisite  regulatory
approvals,  which  could  prevent  or  delay  the  creation  of  marketable  products.  Our  product  development  costs  will  increase  if  we  have  delays  in  testing  or
approvals, if we need to perform more, larger or different clinical trials than planned or if our trials are not successful. Delays in our clinical trials may harm
our financial results and the commercial prospects for our products. Additionally, we may be unable to complete our clinical trials if we are unable to obtain
additional capital.

We may be required to design and conduct additional clinical trials.

We may be required to design and conduct additional clinical trials to further demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our products, which may result in
significant expense and delay. Regulatory agencies may require new or additional clinical trials because of inconclusive results from current or earlier clinical
trials, a possible failure to conduct clinical trials in complete adherence to certain regulatory standards, the identification of new clinical trial endpoints, or the
need for additional data regarding the safety or efficacy of our products. It is possible that regulatory authorities may not ultimately approve our products for
commercial sale in any jurisdiction, even if we believe future clinical results are positive.

Significant additional governmental regulation could subject us to unanticipated delays which would adversely affect our sales and revenues.

Our business strategy depends in part on our ability to get our products into the market as quickly as possible. Additional laws and regulations, or
changes to existing laws and regulations that are applicable to our business may be enacted or promulgated, and the interpretation, application or enforcement
of the existing laws and regulations may change. We cannot predict the nature of any future laws, regulations, interpretations, applications or enforcements or
the specific effects any of these might have on our business. Any future laws, regulations, interpretations, applications or enforcements could delay or prevent
regulatory  approval  or  clearance  of  our  products  and  our  ability  to  market  our  products.  Moreover,  changes  that  result  in  our  failure  to  comply  with  the
requirements of applicable laws and regulations could result in the types of enforcement actions by the FDA and/or other agencies as described above, all of
which could impair our ability to have manufactured and to sell the affected products.

 Protecting our intellectual property in our technology through patents may be costly and ineffective. If we are not able to adequately secure or enforce
protection of our intellectual property, then we may not be able to compete effectively and we may not be profitable.

Our future success depends in part on our ability to protect the intellectual property for our technology through patents. We will only be able to protect
our products and methods from unauthorized use by third parties to the extent that our products and methods are covered by valid and enforceable patents or
are  effectively  maintained  as  trade  secrets.  Our  18  granted  U.S.  patents  will  expire  at  various  times  from  2018  to  2027,  assuming  they  are  properly
maintained.

The protection provided by our patents, and patent applications if issued, may not be broad enough to prevent competitors from introducing similar
products  into  the  market.  Our  patents,  if  challenged  or  if  we  attempt  to  enforce  them,  may  not  necessarily  be  upheld  by  the  courts  of  any  jurisdiction.
Numerous  publications  may  have  been  disclosed  by,  and  numerous  patents  may  have  been  issued  to,  our  competitors  and  others  relating  to  methods  and
devices for dialysis of which we are not aware and additional patents relating to methods and devices for dialysis may be issued to our competitors and others
in the future. If any of those publications or patents conflict with our patent rights, or cover our products, then any or all of our patent applications could be
rejected and any or all of our granted patents could be invalidated, either of which could materially adversely affect our competitive position.

Litigation and other proceedings relating to patent matters, whether initiated by us or a third party, can be expensive and time-consuming, regardless of
whether the outcome is favorable to us, and may require the diversion of substantial financial, managerial and other resources. An adverse outcome could
subject us to significant liabilities to third parties or require us to cease any related development, product sales or commercialization activities. In addition, if
patents that contain dominating or conflicting claims have been or are subsequently issued to others and the claims of these patents are ultimately determined
to be valid, then we may be required to obtain licenses under patents of others in order to develop, manufacture, use, import and/or sell our products. We may
not be able to obtain licenses under any of these patents on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we do not obtain these licenses, we could encounter delays in, or
be prevented entirely from using, importing, developing, manufacturing, offering or selling any products or practicing any methods, or delivering any services
requiring such licenses.

If  we  file  patent  applications  or  obtain  patents  in  foreign  countries,  we  will  be  subject  to  laws  and  procedures  that  differ  from  those  in  the  United
States.  Such  differences  could  create  additional  uncertainty  about  the  level  and  extent  of  our  patent  protection.  Moreover,  patent  protection  in  foreign
countries  may  be  different  from  patent  protection  under  U.S.  laws  and  may  not  be  as  favorable  to  us.  Many  non-U.S.  jurisdictions,  for  example,  prohibit
patent claims covering methods of medical treatment of humans, although this prohibition may not include devices used for such treatment.

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If we are not able to secure and enforce protection of our trade secrets through enforcement of our confidentiality and non-competition agreements, then
our competitors may gain access to our trade secrets, we may not be able to compete effectively and we may not be profitable. Such protection may be
costly and ineffective.

We attempt to protect our trade secrets, including the processes, concepts, ideas and documentation associated with our technologies, through the use
of  confidentiality  agreements  and  non-competition  agreements  with  our  current  employees  and  with  other  parties  to  whom  we  have  divulged  such  trade
secrets. If these employees or other parties breach our confidentiality agreements and non-competition agreements, or if these agreements are not sufficient to
protect our technology or are found to be unenforceable, then our competitors could acquire and use information that we consider to be our trade secrets and
we may not be able to compete effectively. Policing unauthorized use of our trade secrets is difficult and expensive, particularly because of the global nature
of our operations. The laws of other countries may not adequately protect our trade secrets.

If  we  are  not  able  to  maintain  sufficient  quality  controls,  then  the  approval  or  clearance  of  our  products  by  the  European  Union,  the  FDA  or  other
relevant authorities could be withdrawn, delayed or denied and our sales and revenues will suffer.

Approval or clearance of our products could be withdrawn, delayed or denied by the European Union, the FDA and the relevant authorities of other
countries  if  our  manufacturing  facilities  do  not  comply  with  their  respective  manufacturing  requirements.  The  European  Union  imposes  requirements  on
quality control systems of manufacturers, which are inspected and certified on a periodic basis and may be subject to additional unannounced inspections.
Failure by our manufacturers to comply with these requirements could prevent us from marketing our products in the European Community. The FDA also
imposes  requirements  through  quality  system  requirements,  or  QSR,  regulations,  which  include  requirements  for  good  manufacturing  practices,  or  GMP.
Failure by our manufacturers to comply with these requirements could prevent us from obtaining FDA approval of our products and from marketing such
products in the United States. Although the manufacturing facilities and processes that we use to manufacture our OLpur MDHDF filter series have been
inspected and certified by a worldwide testing and certification agency (also referred to as a notified body) that performs conformity assessments to European
Union requirements for medical devices, they have not been inspected by the FDA. A “notified body” is a group accredited and monitored by governmental
agencies that inspects manufacturing facilities and quality control systems at regular intervals and is authorized to carry out unannounced inspections. We
cannot be sure that any of the facilities or processes we use will comply or continue to comply with their respective requirements on a timely basis or at all,
which could delay or prevent our obtaining the approvals we need to market our products in the European Community and the United States.

To  market  our  products  in  the  European  Community,  the  United  States  and  other  countries,  where  approved,  manufacturers  of  such  products  must
continue to comply or ensure compliance with the relevant manufacturing requirements. Although we cannot control the manufacturers of our products, we
may need to expend time, resources and effort in product manufacturing and quality control to assist with their continued compliance with these requirements.
If violations of applicable requirements are noted during periodic inspections of the manufacturing facilities of our manufacturers, then we may not be able to
continue to market the products manufactured in such facilities and our revenues may be materially adversely affected.

We may face significant risks associated with international operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations.

We expect to manufacture and to market our products globally. Our international operations are subject to a number of risks, including the following:

local regulations may restrict our ability to sell our products, have our products manufactured or conduct other operations;

·
fluctuations in exchange rates of the United States dollar could adversely affect our results of operations;
· we may face difficulties in enforcing and collecting accounts receivable under some countries’ legal systems;
·
· political instability could disrupt our operations;
·
·

some governments and customers may have longer payment cycles, with resulting adverse effects on our cash flow; and
some countries could impose additional taxes or restrict the import of our products.

Any one or more of these factors could increase our costs, reduce our revenues, or disrupt our operations, which could have a material adverse effect

on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Owning Our Common Stock

There currently is a limited trading market for our Common Stock.

We do not currently meet all of the requirements for initial listing of our Common Stock on a registered stock exchange. Our Common Stock is quoted
on the OTCQB. Trading in our Common Stock on the OTCQB has been very limited. As a result, an investor may find it difficult to dispose of or to obtain
accurate quotations as to the market value of our Common Stock, and our Common Stock may be less attractive for margin loans, for investment by financial
institutions,  as  consideration  in  future  capital  raising  transactions  or  other  purposes. There  is  no  guarantee  that  we  will  ever  become  listed  on  the  Nasdaq
Capital Market, or any other exchange, or that a liquid trading market for our Common Stock will develop.

18

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Common Stock could be further diluted as a result of the issuance of additional shares of Common Stock, warrants or options.

In  the  past  we  have  issued  Common  Stock  and  warrants  in  order  to  raise  money.  We  have  also  issued  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  as
compensation for services and incentive compensation for our employees, directors and consultants. We have shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance
upon the exercise of certain of these securities and may increase the shares reserved for these purposes in the future. Our issuance of additional Common
Stock, convertible securities, options and warrants could affect the rights of our stockholders, could reduce the market price of our Common Stock or could
result in adjustments to exercise prices of outstanding warrants (resulting in these securities becoming exercisable for, as the case may be, a greater number of
shares of our Common Stock), or could obligate us to issue additional shares of Common Stock.

Market  sales  of  large  amounts  of  our  Common  Stock,  or  the  potential  for  those  sales  even  if  they  do  not  actually  occur,  may  have  the  effect  of
depressing the market price of our Common Stock, the supply of Common Stock available for resale could be increased which could stimulate trading activity
and  cause  the  market  price  of  our  Common  Stock  to  drop,  even  if  our  business  is  doing  well.  Furthermore,  the  issuance  of  any  additional  shares  of  our
Common Stock or securities convertible into our Common Stock could be substantially dilutive to holders of our Common Stock if they do not invest in
future offerings.

 The prices at which shares of the Common Stock trade have been and will likely continue to be volatile.

In the two years ended December 31, 2014, our Common Stock has traded at prices ranging from a high of $1.71 to a low of $0.30 per share. Due to
the lack of an active trading market for our Common Stock, you should expect the prices at which our Common Stock might trade to continue to be highly
volatile. The expected volatile price of our stock will make it difficult to predict the value of your investment, to sell your shares at a profit at any given time,
or to plan purchases and sales in advance. A variety of other factors might also affect the market price of our Common Stock. These include, but are not
limited to:

· achievement or rejection of regulatory approvals by our competitors or us;
· publicity regarding actual or potential clinical or regulatory results relating to products under development by our competitors or us;
· delays or failures in initiating, completing or analyzing clinical trials or the unsatisfactory design or results of these trials;
· announcements of technological innovations or new commercial products by our competitors or us;
· developments concerning proprietary rights, including patents;
·
· economic or other crises and other external factors;
· period-to-period fluctuations in our results of operations;
·
· changes in financial estimates by securities analysts; and
·

regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

threatened or actual litigation;

sales of our Common Stock.

We  are  not  able  to  control  many  of  these  factors,  and  we  believe  that  period-to-period  comparisons  of  our  financial  results  will  not  necessarily  be

indicative of our future performance.

In addition, the stock market in general, and the market for medical technology companies in particular, has experienced extreme price and volume
fluctuations in recent years that might have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of individual companies. These broad market and
industry factors might seriously harm the market price of our Common Stock, regardless of our operating performance. Securities class action litigation has
often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the overall market and in the market price of a company’s securities. This litigation,
if instituted against us, could result in very substantial costs, divert our management’s attention and resources and harm our business, operating results and
financial condition.

We have never paid dividends and do not intend to pay cash dividends.

We have never paid dividends on our Common Stock and currently do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our Common Stock for the foreseeable
future. Consequently, any returns on an investment in our Common Stock in the foreseeable future will have to come from an increase in the value of the
stock itself. As noted above, the lack of an active trading market for our Common Stock will make it difficult to value and sell our Common Stock. While our
dividend policy will be based on the operating results and capital needs of our business, it is anticipated that all earnings, if any, will be retained to finance our
future operations.

19

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Because we are subject to the “penny stock” rules, you may have difficulty in selling our Common Stock.

Our Common Stock is subject to regulations of the SEC relating to the market for penny stocks. Penny stock, as defined by the Penny Stock Reform
Act,  is  any  equity  security  not  traded  on  a  national  securities  exchange  that  has  a  market  price  of  less  than  $5.00  per  share.  The  penny  stock  regulations
generally require that a disclosure schedule explaining the penny stock market and the risks associated therewith be delivered to purchasers of penny stocks
and impose various sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell penny stocks to persons other than established customers and accredited investors.
The broker-dealer must make a suitability determination for each purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written agreement prior to the sale. In addition, the
broker-dealer must make certain mandated disclosures, including the actual sale or purchase price and actual bid offer quotations, as well as the compensation
to be received by the broker-dealer and certain associated persons. The regulations applicable to penny stocks may severely affect the market liquidity for
your Common Stock and could limit your ability to sell your securities in the secondary market.

Several provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our fourth amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, and our second
amended and restated bylaws could discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition, which could adversely affect the market price of our Common
Stock.

Several  provisions  of  the  Delaware  General  Corporation  Law,  our  fourth  amended  and  restated  certificate  of  incorporation,  as  amended,  and  our
second amended and restated bylaws could discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that stockholders may consider favorable, and the market
price of our Common Stock could be reduced as a result. These provisions include:

· authorizing our board of directors to issue “blank check” preferred stock without stockholder approval;
· providing for a classified board of directors with staggered, three-year terms;
· prohibiting us from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in

which the person became an interested stockholder unless certain provisions are met;

· prohibiting cumulative voting in the election of directors;
·
· establishing  advance  notice  requirements  for  nominations  for  election  to  our  board  of  directors  or  for  proposing  matters  that  can  be  acted  on  by

limiting the persons who may call special meetings of stockholders; and

stockholders at stockholder meetings.

As a smaller reporting company with little or no name recognition and with several risks and uncertainties that could impair our business operations, we
are not likely to generate widespread interest in our Common Stock. Without widespread interest in our Common Stock, our Common Stock price may be
highly volatile and an investment in our Common Stock could decline in value.

Unlike many companies with publicly traded securities, we have little or no name recognition in the investment community. We are a relatively new
company and very few investors are familiar with either our company or our products. We do not have an active trading market in our Common Stock, and
one might never develop, or if it does develop, might not continue.

Additionally, the market price of our Common Stock may fluctuate significantly in response to many factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Risks  and  uncertainties,  including  those  described  elsewhere  in  this  “Risk  Factors”  section  could  impair  our  business  operations  or  otherwise  cause  our
operating results or prospects to be below expectations of investors and market analysts, which could adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock.
As a result, investors in our Common Stock may not be able to resell their shares at or above their purchase price and could lose all of their investment.

Securities  class  action  litigation  is  often  brought  against  public  companies  following  periods  of  volatility  in  the  market  price  of  such  company’s
securities.  We  may  become  subject  to  this  type  of  litigation  in  the  future.  Litigation  of  this  type  could  be  extremely  expensive  and  divert  management’s
attention and resources from running our company.

Our directors, executive officers and Lambda control a significant portion of our stock and, if they choose to vote together, could have sufficient voting
power to control the vote on substantially all corporate matters.

As of April 14, 2015, our directors, executive officers and Lambda, our largest stockholder, beneficially owned approximately 50% of our outstanding
Common Stock, representing approximately 60% on a fully-diluted basis. As a result of this ownership, Lambda has the ability to exert significant influence
over our policies and affairs, including the election of directors. Lambda, whether acting alone or acting with other stockholders, could have the power to
elect all of our directors and to control the vote on substantially all other corporate matters without the approval of other stockholders. Furthermore, such
concentration of voting power could enable Lambda, whether acting alone or acting with other stockholders, to delay or prevent another party from taking
control of our company even where such change of control transaction might be desirable to other stockholders. The interests of Lambda in any matter put
before the stockholders may differ from those of any other stockholder.

Future sales of our Common Stock could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline.

The market price of our Common Stock could decline due to sales of a large number of shares in the market, including sales of shares by Lambda or
any other large stockholder, or the perception that such sales could occur. These sales could also make it more difficult or impossible for us to sell equity
securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate to raise funds through future offerings of Common Stock. Future sales of our Common
Stock by stockholders could depress the market price of our Common Stock.

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market.

From time to time, certain of our stockholders may be eligible to sell all or some of their shares of Common Stock by means of ordinary brokerage
transactions in the open market pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, subject to certain limitations. In general, pursuant to Rule 144,
non-affiliate stockholders may sell freely after holding their shares for six months and affiliates may sell freely after holding their shares for one year, in each
case,  subject  to  current  public  information,  notice  and  other  requirements. Any  substantial  sales  of  our  Common  Stock  pursuant  to  Rule  144  may  have  a
material adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not required.

Item 2. Properties

Our U.S. facilities are located at 41 Grand Avenue, River Edge, New Jersey, 07661 and consist of approximately 4,688 square feet of space.  The term
of the rental agreement is for one year commencing December 1, 2014 with a monthly cost of approximately $8,800. We use these facilities to house our
corporate headquarters and research facilities.

Our  facilities  in  Europe  are  currently  located  at  A5  Clonlara  Avenue,  Baldonnell  Business  Park,  Dublin,  Ireland,  and  consist  of  approximately  500
square  feet  of  space.    The  lease  agreement  was  entered  into  on  July  1,  2010.  The  lease  term  is  renewable  for  6  month  terms  with  a  2  month  notice  to
discontinue, on a rolling basis.  Our monthly cost is 500 Euro (approximately $700).

We use these facilities to house our accounting, operations and customer service departments.

We believe our current facilities will be adequate to meet our needs. We do not own any real property for use in our operations or otherwise.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

There are no currently pending legal proceedings and, as far as we are aware, no governmental authority is contemplating any proceeding to which we

are a party or to which any of our properties is subject.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

21

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is quoted on the OTCQB Marketplace operated by the OTC Markets Group, Inc., or OTCQB, under the symbol “NEPH.” The
following table sets forth the high and low bid and ask prices for our common stock as reported on the OTCQB for each quarter listed. Such over the counter
market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

Quarter Ended

High

Low

March 31, 2013
June 30, 2013
September 30, 2013
December 31, 2013
March 31, 2014
June 30, 2014
September 30, 2014
December 31, 2014

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

1.49    $
1.25    $
1.71    $
1.25    $
0.75    $
1.29    $
1.19    $
1.00    $

0.73 
0.63 
0.85 
0.31 
0.30 
0.35 
0.76 
0.61 

As of March 20, 2015, there were approximately 35 holders of record and approximately 1,000 beneficial holders of our common stock.

We have neither paid nor declared dividends on our common stock since our inception. We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common
stock  in  the  foreseeable  future.  We  expect  to  retain  future  earnings,  if  any,  for  use  in  our  development  activities  and  the  operation  of  our  business.  The
payment of any future dividends will be subject to the discretion of our board of directors and will depend, among other things, upon our results of operations,
financial  condition,  cash  requirements,  prospects  and  other  factors  that  our  board  of  directors  may  deem  relevant.  Additionally,  our  ability  to  pay  future
dividends may be restricted by the terms of any debt financing, tax considerations and applicable law.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Except  as  previously  reported  in  our  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q  and  our  Current  Reports  on  Form  8-K,  we  have  not  sold  any  other  equity

security during the year ended December 31, 2014 which was not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities

There were no repurchases of our Common Stock during the fourth quarter of 2014.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion includes forward-looking statements about our business, financial condition and results of operations, including discussions
about  management’s  expectations  for  our  business.  These  statements  represent  projections,  beliefs  and  expectations  based  on  current  circumstances  and
conditions and in light of recent events and trends, and you should not construe these statements either as assurances of performances or as promises of a
given course of action. Instead, various known and unknown factors are likely to cause our actual performance and management’s actions to vary, and the
results  of  these  variances  may  be  both  material  and  adverse.  A  list  of  the  known  material  factors  that  may  cause  our  results  to  vary,  or  may  cause
management  to  deviate  from  its  current  plans  and  expectations,  is  included  in  Item  1A  “Risk  Factors.”  The  following  discussion  should  also  be  read  in
conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included herein.

Restatement

In this Form 10-K, we are restating (i) our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011,
2010 and 2009, including the cumulative effect as of January 1, 2009, and (ii) our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements as of, and
for each of the quarterly periods ended, March 31, June 30, and September 30, in the years 2014 and 2013.

In connection with the audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014, our management further evaluated the
warrants under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 815-40, “Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity.”  ASC Subtopic 815-40-15 addresses equity
versus liability treatment and classification of equity-linked financial instruments, including common stock purchase warrants, and states that a warrant may
be classified as a component of equity only if, among other things, the warrant is indexed to the issuer’s common stock.  Under ASC Subtopic 815-40-15, a
warrant is not indexed to the issuer’s common stock if the terms of the warrant require an adjustment to the exercise price upon a specified event and that
event is not an input to the fair value of the warrant.  Based on management’s evaluation, our audit committee, in consultation with management and after
discussion with Withum Smith+Brown PC, our independent registered public accounting firm, concluded that our warrants are not indexed to our common
stock  in  the  manner  contemplated  by  ASC  Section  815-40-15  because  the  transactions  that  would  trigger  the  Anti-Dilution  Adjustment  Provision  are  not
inputs to the fair value of the warrants. As a result, we should have classified the warrants as derivative liabilities as of January 1, 2009, the date which ASC
Section  815-40-15  was  effective.  Under  this  accounting  treatment,  we  are  required  to  measure  the  fair  value  of  the  warrants  at  the  end  of  each  reporting
period beginning with the year ended December 31, 2009, with a cumulative effect presented as of January 1, 2009, and recognize changes in the fair value
for all periods beginning with January 1, 2009 in our operating results for the current period.

The Company’s financial statements as of January 1, 2009 and for the years ended December 31, 2009 to 2013 (the “Prior Financial Statements”), were
audited by Rothstein Kass, an independent registered public accounting firm. Though it still exists, Rothstein Kass has ceased practicing public accounting
and  is  therefore  no  longer  able  to  re-audit  the  Prior  Financial  Statements.  The  report  of  Withum  Smith+Brown  PC  regarding  the  audit  of  our  financial
statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2014, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes a statement that such firm has only been
engaged to audit the adjustments required by the restatement of the Prior Financial Statements, and not the Prior Financial Statements taken as a whole, as to
which it expresses no opinion.

Our accounting for the warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities did not have any effect on our previously reported revenue,

operating expenses, operating income, cash flows or cash.

We  have  not  amended  our  previously  filed  Annual  Reports  on  Form  10-K  or  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q  for  the  periods  affected  by  the
restatement.  The financial information that has been previously filed or otherwise reported for these periods is superseded by the information in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K, and the financial statements and related financial information contained in such previously filed reports should no longer be relied
upon.

The restatement is more fully described in Note 2 of the notes to the financial statements included herein.

Business Overview

Nephros is a commercial stage medical device company that develops and sells high performance liquid purification filters. Our filters, which we call
ultrafilters, are primarily used in dialysis centers for the removal of biological contaminants from water, bicarbonate concentrate and/or blood. Because our
ultrafilters  capture  contaminants  as  small  as  0.005  microns  in  size,  they  minimize  exposure  to  a  wide  variety  of  bacteria,  viruses,  fungi,  parasites,  and
endotoxins.

Our ultrafilters use proprietary hollow fiber technology. We believe the hollow fiber design allows our ultrafilters to optimize the three elements critical to
filter performance:

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
· Filtration - as low as 0.005 microns
· Flow rate - minimal disruption
· Filter life - up to 12 months

We were founded in 1997 by healthcare professionals affiliated with Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital to develop
and commercialize an alternative method to hemodialysis (“HD”). We have extended our filtration technologies to meet the demand for liquid purification in
other areas, in particular water purification.

The following trends, events and uncertainties may have a material impact on our potential sales, revenue and income from operations:

the market acceptance of our products in the United States and of our technologies and products in each of our target markets;

·
· our ability to effectively and efficiently manufacture, market and distribute our products;
· our ability to sell our products at competitive prices which exceed our per unit costs;
·
·

the consolidation of dialysis clinics into larger clinical groups; and
the current U.S. healthcare plan is to bundle reimbursement for dialysis treatment which may force dialysis clinics to change therapies due to financial
reasons.

To the extent we are unable to succeed in accomplishing the foregoing, our sales could be lower than expected and dramatically impair our ability to

generate income from operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In  May  2014,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  issued  Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  2014-09,  "Revenue  from  Contracts  with
Customers," related to revenue recognition. The underlying principle of the new standard is that a business or other organization will recognize revenue to
depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. The standard
also requires more detailed disclosures and provides additional guidance for transactions that were not addressed completely in prior accounting guidance.
ASU 2014-09 provides alternative methods of initial adoption, and it is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim
periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is not permitted. We are currently reviewing the revised guidance and assessing the potential impact on
our consolidated financial statements.

In  August  2014,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2014-15,  “Presentation  of  Financial  Statements  -  Going  Concern  (Subtopic  205-40):  Disclosure  of
Uncertainties  about  an  Entity's  Ability  to  Continue  as  a  Going  Concern.”  ASU  2014-15  provides  guidance  about  management's  responsibility  to  evaluate
whether there is substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern and sets rules for how this information should be disclosed in the
financial statements. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016 and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted.
We are currently evaluating any impact the adoption of ASU 2014-15 might have on our consolidated financial statements.

In  April  2015,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2015-03,  “Interest  –  Imputation  of  Interest  (Subtopic  2015-03):  Simplifying  the  Presentation  of  Debt
Issuance Costs” related to the presentation requirements for debt issuance costs and debt discount and premium. ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance
costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent
with  debt  discounts.  The  recognition  and  measurement  guidance  for  debt  issuance  costs  are  not  affected  by  ASU  2015-03.  ASU  2015-03  is  effective  for
annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption of the amendments in ASU 2015-03 is permitted for financial statements that
have not been previously issued. We do not believe that the adoption of ASU 2015-03 will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Going Concern

Our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  has  included  an  explanatory  paragraph  in  their  report  on  our  consolidated  financial  statements
included in this Form 10-K which expressed doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have
been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so. Our recurring operating
losses and difficulty in generating sufficient cash flow to meet our obligations and sustain our operations raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue
as a going concern, and our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been
prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States.  The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with
generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires application of management’s subjective judgments, often requiring the need to make
estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. Our actual results may differ substantially from these
estimates  under  different  assumptions  or  conditions.  While  our  significant  accounting  policies  are  described  in  more  detail  in  the  notes  to  consolidated
financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, we believe that the following accounting policies
require the application of significant judgments and estimates.

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 605. Four basic criteria must be met before revenue can
be  recognized:  (i)  persuasive  evidence  that  an  arrangement  exists;  (ii)  delivery  has  occurred  or  services  have  been  rendered;  (iii)  the  fee  is  fixed  or
determinable; and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured.

We recognize revenue related to product sales when delivery is confirmed by our external logistics provider and the other criteria of ASC Topic 605
are met. Product revenue is recorded net of returns and allowances. All costs and duties relating to delivery are absorbed by us. Shipments for all products are
currently received directly by our customers.

We are recognizing the remaining deferred revenue under the Bellco license agreement on a straight line basis over the remaining eighty-four month
expected obligation period which ends on December 31, 2021. Any difference between payments received and recognized revenue is reported as deferred
revenue.

Deferred revenue on the accompanying December 31, 2014 consolidated balance sheet is approximately $487,000 and is related to the Bellco license
agreement. We have recognized approximately $2,589,000 of revenue related to this license agreement to date and approximately $834,000 for the year ended
December 31, 2014, resulting in $487,000 being deferred over the remainder of the expected obligation period. We amortize the deferred revenue monthly
over the expected obligation period which ends on December 31, 2021. As a result, expected revenue to be recognized will be approximately $70,000 in each
of the next seven years.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 by recognizing the fair value of stock-based compensation in net income. The
fair  value  of  our  stock  option  awards  are  estimated  using  a  Black-Scholes  option  valuation  model.  This  model  requires  the  input  of  highly  subjective
assumptions and elections including expected stock price volatility and the estimated life of each award. In addition, the calculation of compensation costs
requires that we estimate the number of awards that will be forfeited during the vesting period. The fair value of stock-based awards is amortized over the
vesting period of the award. For stock awards that vest based on performance conditions (e.g. achievement of certain milestones), expense is recognized when
it is probable that the condition will be met.

Warrants

We account for stock warrants as either equity instruments or derivative liabilities depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement. Stock
warrants  that  allow  for  cash  settlement  or  provide  for  modification  of  the  warrant  exercise  price  under  certain  conditions  are  accounted  for  as  derivative
liabilities.  We  classify  derivative  warrant  liabilities  on  the  balance  sheet  as  a  liability,  which  is  revalued  using  a  binomial  options  pricing  model  at  each
balance  sheet  date  subsequent  to  the  initial  issuance.  A  binomial  options  pricing  model  requires  the  input  of  highly  subjective  assumptions  and  elections
including expected stock price volatility and the estimated life of each award. The changes in fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities resulting from
their remeasurement at each balance sheet date are recorded in current period earnings.

Accounts Receivable

We provide credit terms to our customers in connection with purchases of our products. We periodically review customer account activity in order to
assess the adequacy of the allowances provided for potential collection issues and returns. Factors considered include economic conditions, each customer’s
payment and return history and credit worthiness. Adjustments, if any, are made to reserve balances following the completion of these reviews to reflect our
best estimate of potential losses.

Inventory Reserves

Our inventory reserve requirements are based on factors including the products’ expiration date and estimates for the future sales of the product. If

estimated sales levels do not materialize, we will make adjustments to our assumptions for inventory reserve requirements.

Accrued Expenses

We are required to estimate accrued expenses as part of our process of preparing financial statements. This process involves identifying services which
have been performed on our behalf, and the level of service performed and the associated cost incurred for such service as of each balance sheet date in our
consolidated  financial  statements.  Examples  of  areas  in  which  subjective  judgments  may  be  required  include  costs  associated  with  services  provided  by
contract  organizations  for  the  preclinical  development  of  our  products,  the  manufacturing  of  clinical  materials,  and  clinical  trials,  as  well  as  legal  and
accounting services provided by professional organizations. In connection with such service fees, our estimates are most affected by our understanding of the
status and timing of services provided relative to the actual levels of services incurred by such service providers. The majority of our service providers invoice
us  monthly  in  arrears  for  services  performed.  In  the  event  that  we  do  not  identify  certain  costs,  which  have  begun  to  be  incurred,  or  we  under-  or  over-
estimate the level of services performed or the costs of such services, our reported expenses for such period would be too low or too high. The date on which
certain services commence, the level of services performed on or before a given date and the cost of such services are often determined based on subjective
judgments. We make these judgments based upon the facts and circumstances known to us in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Results of Operations (restated)

Fluctuations in Operating Results

Our results of operations have fluctuated significantly from period to period in the past and are likely to continue to do so in the future. We anticipate
that our annual results of operations will be impacted for the foreseeable future by several factors including the progress and timing of expenditures related to
our  research  and  development  efforts,  marketing  expenses  related  to  product  launches,  timing  of  regulatory  approval  of  our  various  products  and  market
acceptance of our products. Due to these fluctuations, we believe that the period to period comparisons of our operating results are not a good indication of
our future performance.

The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared to the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013 (restated)

Revenues

Total  revenues  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  were  approximately  $1,748,000  compared  to  approximately  $1,740,000  for  the  year  ended
December 31, 2013.  Total revenues increased approximately $8,000, or 0.5%. An increase of approximately $123,000 related to the Bellco license agreement
was offset by a decrease in water filter sales of $115,000. The decrease in water filter sales is primarily related to a decrease in water filter units sold partially
offset by an increase in average selling price.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost  of  goods  sold  was  approximately  $549,000  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  compared  to  approximately  $898,000  for  the  year  ended
December 31, 2013. The decrease of approximately $349,000, or 39%, in cost of goods sold was primarily related to an increase in inventory reserves related
to the recall of our point of use and DSU ultrafilters that we announced in October 2013. Inventory reserves increased approximately $210,000 during the
year  ended  December  31,  2013,  $203,000  of  which  was  a  result  of  the  October  2013  voluntary  product  recall.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014,
inventory reserves increased approximately $59,000, a decrease compared to 2013 of $151,000. The cost of goods sold related to water filter sales decreased
by approximately $64,000 due to lower water filter sales. In addition, included in cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2013 was approximately
$151,000 related to additional costs as a result of the product recall. Partially offsetting these decreases was an additional $17,000 in costs of goods sold for
the year ended December 31, 2014 related to the Medica royalty payments which began in the second quarter of fiscal year 2014.

Research and Development

Research  and  development  expenses  were  approximately  $781,000  and  $867,000,  respectively,  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2014  and
December 31, 2013. This decrease of approximately $86,000, or 10%, is primarily due to lower stock compensation expense of approximately $48,000. The
decrease in stock compensation expense is related to restricted stock awards granted to employees during the year ended December 31, 2013. The remainder
of the decrease in research and development expenses is due to a decrease of approximately $38,000 in project costs primarily related to our OLpūr H2H
Module.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $217,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to approximately $223,000 for

the year ended December 31, 2013, representing a decrease of 3%.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling,  general  and  administrative,  or  SG&A,  expenses  were  approximately  $2,870,000  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  compared  to
approximately $3,069,000 for the year ended December 31, 2013, representing a decrease of $199,000 or 7%. The decrease is primarily due to a decrease in
personnel  costs  of  approximately  $205,000  related  to  the  absence  of  a  chief  financial  officer  in  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  ,  a  decrease  of
approximately $156,000 in legal and professional services and a decrease in stock compensation of approximately $36,000, partly offset by an increase in
SG&A expenses of approximately $129,000 as a result of increased regulatory and quality system management resource costs due to the product recall and an
increase in board of directors’ fees of approximately $89,000.

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Expense

The table below summarizes interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

Interest related to August 2014 senior secured note
Interest related to November 2013 senior secured note
Interest related to February 2013 senior secured note
Amortization of debt discount – August  2014 senior secured note
Amortization of debt discount – November 2013 senior secured note
Amortization of debt discount – February 2013 senior secured note
Interest – outstanding payables due to a vendor
Other
Total interest expense

Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability

  $

  $

2014

2013

63,000    $
37,000     
-     
178,000     
142,000     
-     
61,000     
2,000     
483,000    $

- 
24,000 
47,000 

53,000 
204,000 
21,000 
2,000 
351,000 

As a result of the restatement described in Note 2 of the notes to the financial statements included herein, we classify certain warrants as liabilities at
their fair value and adjust the warrant liability to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until
exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in our consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The fair value of such
warrants issued have been estimated using a binomial options pricing model. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the change in fair value of the
warrant liability was an increase of approximately $4,277,000 and a decrease of approximately $5,020,000, respectively.

Other Income/Expense

Other income of approximately $58,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014 is due to foreign currency gains. 

Other expense, net, of approximately $33,000 for the year ended December 31, 2013 is primarily due to other expenses of approximately $36,000
related to foreign currency transaction losses and approximately $14,000 of expenses related to the May 2013 rights offering warrant modification.  These
expenses were partially offset by other income of approximately $17,000, which consisted primarily of a refund of $15,000 received as a result of the Steris
agreement termination. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Liquidity and Capital Resources (restated)

The following table summarizes our liquidity and capital resources as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 and is intended to supplement the more detailed

discussion that follows. The amounts stated are expressed in thousands.

Liquidity and capital resources
Cash
Other current assets
Working capital (deficit)
Stockholders’ deficit

  $

December 31,

2014

2013

1,284    $
400     
437     
(5,681)    

579 
409 
(2,511)
(3,719)

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
Our future liquidity sources and requirements will depend on many factors, including:

the availability of additional financing, through the sale of equity securities or otherwise, on commercially reasonable terms or at all;

the market acceptance of our products, and our ability to effectively and efficiently produce and market our products;

the continued progress in, and the costs of, clinical studies and other research and development programs;

the costs involved in filing and enforcing patent claims and the status of competitive products; and

the cost of litigation, including potential patent litigation and any other actual or threatened litigation.

We expect to put our current capital resources to the following uses:

for the marketing and sales of our water-filtration products;

to pursue business development opportunities with respect to our chronic renal treatment system; and

for working capital purposes.

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

We  operate  under  an  Investment,  Risk  Management  and  Accounting  Policy  adopted  by  our  board  of  directors.  Such  policy  limits  the  types  of
instruments or securities in which we may invest our excess funds: U.S. Treasury Securities; Certificates of Deposit issued by money center banks; Money
Funds by money center banks; Repurchase Agreements; and Eurodollar Certificates of Deposit issued by money center banks. This policy provides that our
primary  objectives  for  investments  shall  be  the  preservation  of  principal  and  achieving  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet  our  forecasted  cash  requirements.  In
addition, provided that such primary objectives are met, we may seek to achieve the maximum yield available under such constraints.

At  December  31,  2014,  we  had  an  accumulated  deficit  of  approximately  $114,165,000,  and  we  expect  to  incur  additional  operating  losses  from

operations in the foreseeable future at least until such time, if ever, that we are able to increase product sales or licensing revenue.

On February 19, 2014, we entered into the First Amendment to License Agreement (the “First Amendment”), with Bellco, which amends the License
Agreement,  entered  into  as  of  July  1,  2011.    Pursuant  to  the  First  Amendment,  both  parties  agreed  to  extend  the  term  of  the  License  Agreement  through
December  31,  2021.  The  First  Amendment  also  expands  the  Territory  covered  by  the  License  Agreement  to  include  Sweden,  Denmark,  Norway,  Finland,
Korea,  Mexico,  Brazil,  China  and  the  Netherlands.  The  First  Amendment  further  provides  new  minimum  sales  targets  which,  if  not  satisfied,  will,  at  our
discretion,  result  in  conversion  of  the  license  to  non-exclusive  status.  We  have  agreed  to  reduce  the  fixed  royalty  payment  payable  to  us  for  the  period
beginning on January 1, 2015 through and including December 31, 2021. Beginning on January 1, 2015 through and including December 31, 2021, Bellco
will  pay  us  a  royalty  based  on  the  number  of  units  of  Products  sold  per  year  in  the  Territory  as  follows:  for  the  first  125,000  units  sold  in  total,  €1.75
(approximately $2.40) per unit; thereafter, €1.25 (approximately $1.71) per unit.  In addition, we received a total of €450,000 (approximately $612,000) in
upfront fees in connection with the First Amendment, half of which was received on February 19, 2014 and the remaining half was received on April 4, 2014.
In addition, the First Amendment provides that, in the event that we pursue a transaction to sell, assign or transfer all right, title and interest to the licensed
patents to a third party, we will provide Bellco with written notice thereof and a right of first offer with respect to the contemplated transaction for a period of
thirty (30) days.

On  April  23,  2012,  we  entered  into  a  License  and  Supply  Agreement  (the  “License  and  Supply  Agreement”)  with  Medica,  an  Italy-based  medical
product  manufacturing  company,  for  the  marketing  and  sale  of  certain  filtration  products  based  upon  Medica’s  proprietary  Medisulfone  ultrafiltration
technology  in  conjunction  with  our  filtration  products  (collectively,  the  “Filtration  Products”),  and  to  engage  in  an  exclusive  supply  arrangement  for  the
Filtration  Products.  Under  the  License  and  Supply  Agreement,  Medica  granted  to  us  an  exclusive  license,  with  right  of  sublicense,  to  market,  promote,
distribute,  offer  for  sale  and  sell  the  Filtration  Products  worldwide,  excluding  Italy  for  the  first  three  years,  during  the  term  of  the  License  and  Supply
Agreement.  In  addition,  we  granted  to  Medica  an  exclusive  license  under  our  intellectual  property  to  make  the  Filtration  Products  during  the  term  of  the
License  and  Supply  Agreement.  In  exchange  for  the  rights  granted,  we  agreed  to  make  minimum  annual  aggregate  purchases  from  Medica  of  €300,000
(approximately $400,000), €500,000 (approximately $700,000) and €750,000 (approximately $1,000,000) for the years 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. In
the year ended December 31, 2014, our aggregate purchase commitments totaled approximately €766,000 (approximately $900,000). For calendar years 2015
through 2022, annual minimum amounts will be mutually agreed upon between Medica and us. We have not yet finalized the annual minimum amount for
calendar 2015. In exchange for the license, we paid Medica a total of €1,500,000 (approximately $2,000,000) in three installments: €500,000 (approximately
$700,000) on April 23, 2012, €600,000 (approximately $800,000) on February 4, 2013, and €400,000 (approximately $500,000) on May 23, 2013. As part of
the agreement, we have granted to Medica 300,000 options to purchase our common stock which will vest over the first three years of the agreement.  As of
September 2013, we have an understanding with Medica whereby we have agreed to pay interest to Medica at a 12% annual rate calculated on the principal
amount of any outstanding invoices that are not paid pursuant to the original payment terms.

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of the date of this Form 10-K, we expect that the proceeds from the December 2014 rights offering will allow us to fund our operations into the
second  quarter  of  fiscal  year  2015.    This  assumption  excludes  the  impact  of  future  cash  receipts  from  operations.    Our  cash  flow  currently  is  not,  and
historically has not been, sufficient to meet our obligations and commitments. We must seek and obtain additional financing to fund our operations. If we
cannot raise sufficient capital, in connection with offerings of our common stock or through other means, we will be forced to curtail our planned activities
and operations or cease operations entirely and you will lose all of your investment in our Company. There can be no assurance that we could raise sufficient
capital on a timely basis or on satisfactory terms or at all.

Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $2,495,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to approximately $3,583,000 for
the year ended December 31, 2013. Although our net loss increased by approximately $8,693,000 during the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the
year ended December 31, 2013, the primary reason for the decrease was due to the noncash impact of the change in fair value of the warrant liability. The
warrant liability increase by approximately $4,277,000 in the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to a decrease of approximately $5,020,000 in the year
ended December 31, 2013.

Excluding the impact of the change in the fair value of the warrant liability, the net decrease of approximately $1,088,000 in cash used in operating

activities during the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the year ended December 31, 2013 are highlighted below

· during 2014, our deferred revenue decreased by approximately $216,000 compared to a decrease of approximately $711,000  during 2013 as a result of

timing in recognition of revenue under the Bellco agreement; and

· during 2013, license and supply fee payable decreased by $1,318,000;

· during 2014, we recorded amortization of debt issuance costs of $320,000, whereas amortization of debt issuance costs in 2013 was $257,000;

Offsetting the above changes are the following items:

· during 2014, our stock-based compensation expense, a non-cash expense, decreased by approximately $146,000 compared to 2013;

· during 2014, we recorded an inventory reserve of approximately $59,000 compared to approximately $210,000, primarily a result of the product recall, in

2013;

· during  2014,  our  accounts  receivable  decreased  by  approximately  $11,000  compared  to  a  decrease  of  approximately  $820,000,  primarily  reflecting  the

collection of amounts related to the Bellco agreement., during 2013;

· during 2014, our accounts payable and accrued expenses decreased by approximately $112,000 in the aggregate compared to an increase of approximately

$98,000 during 2013;

· as a result of changes in foreign currency rates, during 2014,  we recognized a gain on foreign currency transactions of approximately $48,000 compared to

a loss of approximately $26,000 during 2013;

Net  cash  provided  by  investing  activities  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2013  was  approximately  $3,000  related  to  the  sale  of  fully  depreciated

manufacturing equipment. There were no investing transactions in 2014.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 of $3,203,000, net of equity issuance costs of approximately $276,000,
resulted primarily from gross proceeds of $5.1 million related to the issuance of common stock related to the March 2014 rights offering and December 2014
rights offering, gross proceeds from the issuance of the August 2014 senior secured note of $1.75 million and approximately $15,000 of proceeds resulting
from the exercise of warrants. Net cash provided by financing activities was partially offset by the repayment of the $1.75 million August 2014 senior secured
note, repayment of the $1.5 million November 2013 senior secured note and payment of financing costs of approximately $178,000.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 of $4,120,000, net of equity issuance costs of approximately $229,000,
resulted primarily from gross proceeds of $3.0 million related to the issuance of common stock related to the May 2013 rights offering, gross proceeds from
the issuance of the February 2013 senior secured note and the November 2013 senior secured note of $2.8 million and approximately $248,000 of proceeds
resulting from the exercise of warrants. Net cash provided by financing activities was partially offset by the repayment of the $1.3 million February 2013
senior secured note and the payment of financing costs of $399,000.

29

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The following tables summarize our approximate minimum contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2014:  

Total

Within 
1 Year

Payments Due in Period
Years 
1 - 3

Years 
4 - 5

More than 
5 Years

Leases
Employment Contracts (1)
Total

  $

  $

106,000    $
175,000     
281,000    $

104,000    $
175,000     
279,000    $

2,000    $
-     
2,000    $

-    $
-     
-    $

- 
- 
- 

(1) Represents amount payable under severance agreement for John C. Houghton, effective January 4, 2015. See Note 15, Subsequent Events, to the
consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

30

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
  
   
 
 
 
 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Nephros, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Nephros, Inc. and Subsidiary (collectively, the “Company”), as of December 31, 2014, and
the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations  and  comprehensive  loss,  changes  in  stockholders’  deficit  and  cash  flows  for  the  year  then  ended.  These
consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these  consolidated
financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement.  The
Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  a  basis  for  designing  audit  procedures  that  are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances,  but  not  for  the  purpose  of
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  position  of  Nephros,  Inc.  and
Subsidiary as of December 31, 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note
3  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company  has  incurred  negative  cash  flow  from  operations  and  recurring  net  losses  since  inception.  These
conditions,  among  others,  raise  substantial  doubt  about  its  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  Management’s  plans  in  regard  to  these  matters  are  also
described  in  Note  3.  The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  do  not  include  any  adjustments  that  might  result  from  the  outcome  of  this
uncertainty.

We  also  have  audited  the  adjustments  described  in  Note  2  that  were  applied  to  restate  the  consolidated  financial  statements  as  of  and  for  the  year  ended
December 31, 2013, and the adjustments described in Note 2 that were applied to restate selected amounts as of January 1, 2009, and as of and for each of the
years  ended  December  31,  2009  to  2012  as  indicated  in  Note  2  (collectively,  the  “Restatement  Adjustments”),  to  correct  an  error.  In  our  opinion,  the
Restatement Adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the consolidated
financial statements as of January 1, 2009, or the consolidated financial statements as of and for each of the years ended December 31, 2009 to 2013, of the
Company other than with respect to the Restatement Adjustments and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on the 2009
through 2013 consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole. Those consolidated financial statements were audited by other auditors, Rothstein Kass.

/s/ Withum Smith+Brown PC

Morristown, New Jersey
April 15, 2015

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Nephros, Inc.

We have audited, before the effects of the adjustments for the correction of the error described in Note 2, the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of
Nephros,  Inc.  and  Subsidiary  (collectively,  “the  Company”)  as  of  December  31,  2013,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations  and
comprehensive loss, changes in stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013 (the 2013 financial statements before the effects of
the adjustments discussed in Note 2 are not presented herein). These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not
required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control
over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on
the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provide a reasonable
basis for our opinion.

In  our  opinion,  except  for  the  error  in  Note  2,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial
position of Nephros, Inc. and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2013, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31,
2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note
3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has incurred negative cash flow from operations and net losses since inception. These conditions,
among others, raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in
Note 3. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the adjustments for the correction of an error described in Note 2 and, accordingly, we do
not express an opinion or any other form of assurance about whether such adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. Those adjustments
were audited by WithumSmith+Brown, PC.

/s/ Rothstein Kass

Roseland, New Jersey
March 27, 2014

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)

ASSETS

Current assets:
Cash
Accounts receivable, net
Inventory, net
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Total current assets
Property and equipment, net
Other assets, net of accumulated amortization
Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Current liabilities:
Senior secured note payable, net of debt discount of $142 at  December 31, 2013
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Deferred revenue, current portion
Total current liabilities
Warrant liability
Long-term portion of deferred revenue
Total liabilities

Commitments and Contingencies

Stockholders’ deficit:

  December 31, 2014    

December 31, 2013
(restated)

  $

  $

  $

1,284    $
110     
186     
104     
1,684     
1     
1,684     
3,369    $

-    $
835     
342     
70     
1,247     
7,386     
417     
9,050     

579 
122 
162 
125 
988 
7 
1,894 
2,889 

1,358 
1,073 
365 
703 
3,499 
3,109 
- 
6,608 

Preferred stock, $.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2014 and 2013; no shares
issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
Common stock, $.001 par value; 90,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2014 and 2013; 30,391,513
and 18,082,043 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.    
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Accumulated deficit
Total stockholders’ deficit
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit

  $

-     

- 

30     
108,382     
72     
(114,165)    
(5,681)    
3,369    $

18 
102,983 
74 
(106,794)
(3,719)
2,889 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

33

 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)

Net revenue:
Product revenues
Licensing revenues
Total net revenues

Cost of goods sold
Gross margin
Operating expenses:
Research and development
Depreciation and amortization
Selling, general and administrative
Total operating expenses
Loss from operations
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Interest expense
Gain on sale of equipment
Other income (expense), net
Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive loss, foreign currency translation adjustments
Total comprehensive income (loss)
Net income (loss) per common share, basic
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic
Net loss per common share, diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted

Years Ended December 31,

2014

  $

914    $
834     
1,748     

549     
1,199     

781     
217     
2,870     
3,868     
(2,669)    
(4,277)    
(483)    
-     
58     
(7,371)    
(2)    
(7,373)   $
(0.31)   $
23,817,184     
(0.31)    
23,817,184     

  $
  $

  $

2013 
(restated)

1,029 
711 
1,740 

898 
842 

867 
223 
3,069 
4,159 
(3,317)
5,020 
(351)
3 
(33)
1,322 
(2)
1,320 
0.08 
15,624,999 
(0.18)
20,760,410 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
      
  
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

(In Thousands, Except Share Amounts)

Balance, December 31, 2012 (restated)

Net income, as restated
Net unrealized losses on foreign currency
translation, net of tax
Shareholder rights offering, net
Issuance of restricted stock
Exercise of warrants
Noncash stock-based compensation
Warrant modification
Balance, December 31, 2013 (restated)

Net loss
Net unrealized losses on foreign currency
translation, net of tax
Shareholder rights offerings, net
Issuance of restricted stock
Exercise of warrants
Noncash stock-based compensation
Balance, December 31, 2014

Common Stock

Shares
11,949,824    $

Amount

    Additional

Paid-in
Capital

    Accumulated    
Other

    Comprehensive    Accumulated    

Income

Deficit

Equity
(Deficit)
Total

12    $

99,304    $

76    $

(108,116)   $

(8,724)

5,000,000     
340,220     
791,999     

5     

1     

18,082,043    $

18    $

2,766     

247     
652     
14     
102,983    $

1,322     

1,322 

(2)    

74    $

(106,794)   $

(2)
2,771 
- 
248 
652 
14 
(3,719)

(7,371)    

(7,371)

12     

4,854     

(2)    

12,140,823     
132,077     
36,570     

30,391,513    $

30    $

15     
530     
108,382    $

72    $

(114,165)   $

(2)
4,866 
- 
15 
530 
(5,681)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
     
   
     
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
      
      
      
      
   
      
      
      
      
   
      
      
   
      
      
      
      
   
      
      
   
      
      
      
      
   
      
      
      
      
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
      
      
      
      
   
      
      
      
      
   
      
      
   
      
      
      
      
   
      
      
      
   
      
      
      
      
   
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Thousands)

Years Ended December 31,

2014

2013 
(restated)

  $

(7,371)   $

Operating activities
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation of property and equipment
Amortization of other assets
Non-cash stock-based compensation, including stock options and restricted stock
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Warrant inducement
Inventory reserve
Amortization of debt discount
Gain on disposal of property and equipment
(Gain)/loss on foreign currency transactions
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Accounts receivable
Inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
License and supply agreement fee payable
Deferred revenue
Net cash used in operating activities

Investing activities
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment
Net cash provided by investing activities

Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of equity issuance costs of $276 and $229, respectively
Proceeds from issuance of senior secured notes
Payment of financing costs
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
Payment of senior secured notes
Net cash provided by financing activities
Effect of exchange rates on cash
Net increase in cash
Cash, beginning of year
Cash, end of year

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for taxes
Restricted stock issued to settle liability

  $

  $
  $
  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

36

6     
210     
429     
4,277     
-     
59     
320     
-     
(48)    

12     
(82)    
21     

(190)    
78     
-     
(216)    
(2,495)    

-     
-     

4,866     
1,572     
-     
15     
(3,250)    
3,203     
(3)    
705     
579     
1,284    $

188    $
6    $
101    $

1,322 

9 
214 
575 
(5,020)
14 
210 
257 
(3)
26 

820 
(60)
(16)

(23)
121 
(1,318)
(711)
(3,583)

3 
3 

2,771 
2,800 
(399)
248 
(1,300)
4,120 
(8)
532 
47 
579 

54 
2 
77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
 
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 - Organization and Nature of Operations

Nephros, Inc. (“Nephros” or the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on April 3, 1997. Nephros was founded by health
professionals, scientists and engineers affiliated with Columbia University to develop advanced End Stage Renal Disease (“ESRD”) therapy technology and
products. The Company has two products in the hemodiafiltration, or HDF, modality to deliver therapy for ESRD patients. These are the OLpūr mid-dilution
HDF filter or “dialyzer,” designed expressly for HDF therapy, and the OLpūr H2H HDF module, an add-on module designed to allow the most common types
of hemodialysis machines to be used for HDF therapy. In 2009, the Company introduced its Dual Stage Ultrafilter (“DSU”) water filter, which represented a
new  and  complementary  product  line  to  the  Company’s  ESRD  therapy  business.  The  DSU  incorporates  the  Company’s  unique  and  proprietary  dual  stage
filter architecture.

On June 4, 2003, Nephros International Limited was incorporated under the laws of Ireland as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.  In August 2003,
the Company established a European Customer Service and financial operations center in Dublin, Ireland.

The  U.S.  facilities,  located  at  41  Grand Avenue,  River  Edge,  New  Jersey,  07661,  are  used  to  house  the  Company’s  corporate  headquarters  and  research
facilities.

Note 2 – Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements

In  preparation  of  the  Annual  Report,  the  Company  concluded  it  should  correct  its  accounting  related  to  the  Company’s  outstanding  warrants  that  were
originally issued in 2007 (the “2007 Warrants”). The Company had initially accounted for the warrants as a component of equity but upon further evaluation
of  the  terms  of  these  warrants,  concluded  that  the  2007  Warrants  should  be  accounted  for  as  a  derivative  liability. The  Company’s  2007  Warrants  are  not
indexed to the Company’s common stock because the transactions that would trigger the Anti-Dilution Adjustment Provision are not inputs to the fair value
of the warrants. As a result, we should have classified the 2007 Warrants as derivative liabilities as of January 1, 2009, the date which ASC Section 815-40-15
was effective. Under this accounting treatment, we are required to measure the fair value of the 2007 Warrants at the end of each reporting period beginning
in  the  year  ended  December  31,  2009,  with  a  cumulative  effect  presented  as  of  January  1,  2009,  and  recognize  changes  in  the  fair  value  for  all  periods
beginning with January 1, 2009 in our operating results for the current period.

The following table summarizes the effect of the restatement to the Company’s financial statements for (i) its audited consolidated financial statements as of
and  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2013,  2012,  2011,  2010  and  2009,  including  the  cumulative  effect  as  of  January  1,  2009,  and  (ii)  its  unaudited
condensed consolidated interim financial statements as of, and for each of the quarterly periods ended, March 31, June 30, and September 30, in the years
2014 and 2013:

(Amounts in 000s, except share and per share data)
As
Previously
Reported

Adjustments

As
Restated

Balance sheet as of September 30, 2014 (unaudited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Three months ended September 30, 2014 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share, basic
Net income (loss) per share, diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted
Comprehensive income (loss)

  $

-    $
102,864     
(103,348)    

7,116    $
2,458     
(9,573)    

-     
(706)    
(0.03)    
(0.03)    
25,238,412     
(705)    

3,428     
3,428     
0.14     
0.01     
8,252,777     
3,429     

7,116 
105,322 
(112,921)

3,428 
2,723 
0.11 
(0.02)
33,491,189 
2,724 

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 2 – Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements (continued)

(Amounts in 000s, except share and per share data)
As
Previously
Reported

Adjustments

As
Restated

Nine months ended September 30, 2014 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Balance sheet as of June 30, 2014 (unaudited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Three months ended June 30, 2014 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Six months ended June 30, 2014 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Balance sheet as of March 31, 2014 (unaudited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Three months ended March 31, 2014 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Balance sheet as of December 31, 2013 (audited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

-     
(2,120)    
(0.09)    
(2,121)    

-     
102,761     
(102,642)    

-     
(654)    
(0.03)    
(655)    

-     
(1,414)    
(0.06)    
(1,416)    

-     
102,656     
(101,988)    

-     
(760)    
(0.04)    
(761)    

-     
100,526     
(101,228)    

(4,007)    
(4,007)    
(0.18)    
(4,007)    

10,544     
2,458     
(13,002)    

(4,685)    
(4,685)    
(0.18)    
(4,685)    

(7,436)    
(7,436)    
(0.34)    
(7,436)    

5,859     
2,458     
(8,317)    

(2,751)    
(2,751)    
(0.15)    
(2,751)    

3,109     
2,457     
(5,566)    

(4,007)
(6,127)
(0.27)
(6,128)

10,544 
105,219 
(115,644)

(4,685)
(5,339)
(0.21)
(5,340)

(7,436)
(8,850)
(0.40)
(8,852)

5,859 
105,114 
(110,305)

(2,751)
(3,511)
(0.19)
(3,512)

3,109 
102,983 
(106,794)

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 2 – Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements (continued)

(Amounts in 000s, except share and per share data)
As
Previously
Reported

Adjustments

As
Restated

Year ended December 31, 2013 (audited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share, basic
Net income (loss) per share, diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted
Comprehensive income (loss)

Balance sheet as of September 30, 2013 (unaudited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Three months ended September 30, 2013 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Nine months ended September 30, 2013 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Balance sheet as of June 30, 2013 (unaudited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Three months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share, basic
Net income (loss) per share, diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted
Comprehensive income  (loss)

-     
(3,698)    
(0.24)    
(0.24)    
15,624,999     
(3,700)    

-     
100,391     
(100,053)    

-     
(611)    
(0.03)    
(611)    

-     
(2,523)    
(0.17)    
(2,525)    

-     
100,191     
(99,442)    

-     
(671)    
(0.05)    
(673)    

5,020     
5,020     
0.32     
0.06     
5,135,411     
5,020     

7,776     
2,457     
(10,234)    

(1,797)    
(1,797)    
(0.11)    
(1,797)    

352     
352     
0.02     
352     

5,980     
2,457     
(8,437)    

(608)    
(608)    
(0.05)    
(608)    

5,020 
1,322 
0.08 
(0.18)
20,760,410 
1,320 

7,776 
102,848 
(110,287)

(1,797)
(2,408)
(0.14)
(2,408)

352 
(2,171)
(0.15)
(2,173)

5,980 
102,648 
(107,879)

(608)
(1,279)
(0.10)
(1,281)

-     
(1,912)    
(0.14)    
(0.14)    
14,556,050     
(1,914)    

2,149     
2,149     
0.16     
0.04     
5,150,160     
2,149     

2,149 
237 
0.02 
(0.10)
19,706,210 
235 

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 2 – Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements (continued)

(Amounts in 000s, except share and per share data)
As
Previously
Reported

Adjustments

As
Restated

Balance sheet as of March 31, 2013 (unaudited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Three months ended March 31, 2013 (unaudited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share, basic
Net income (loss) per share, diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted
Comprehensive income  (loss)

Balance sheet as of December 31, 2012 (audited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Year ended December 31, 2012 (audited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 (audited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Year ended December 31, 2011 (audited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
Comprehensive loss

Balance sheet as of December 31, 2010 (audited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

-     
96,988     
(98,772)    

-     
(1,242)    
(0.10)    
(0.10)    
12,009,285     
(1,242)    

-     
96,847     
(97,530)    

-     
(3,262)    
(0.29)    
(3,262)    

-     
95,630     
(94,268)    

-     
(2,360)    
(0.27)    
(2,333)    

-     
91,979     
(91,908)    

5,372     
2,457     
(7,830)    

2,756     
2,756     
0.23     
0.03     
5,624,075     
2,756     

8,129     
2,457     
(10,586)    

(3,361)    
(3,361)    
(0.30)    
(3,361)    

5,096     
2,129     
(7,225)    

(4,638)    
(4,638)    
(0.54)    
(4,638)    

458     
2,129     
(2,587)    

5,372 
99,445 
(106,602)

2,756 
1,514 
0.13 
(0.07)
17,633,360 
1,514 

8,129 
99,304 
(108,116)

(3,361)
(6,623)
(0.59)
(6,596)

5,096 
97,759 
(101,493)

(4,638)
(6,998)
(0.81)
(6,971)

458 
94,108 
(94,495)

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 2 – Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements (continued)

(Amounts in 000s, except share and per share data)
As
Previously
Reported

Adjustments

As
Restated

Year ended December 31, 2010 (audited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted

Balance sheet as of December 31, 2009 (audited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

Year ended December 31, 2009 (audited)
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share, basic and diluted

Balance sheet as of January 1, 2009 (audited)
Warrant Liability
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit

-     
(1,933)    
(0.93)    

-     
91,815     
(89,975)    

-     
(2,026)    
(1.06)    

-     
90,375     
(87,949)    

5,813     
5,813     
2.79     

6,272     
2,129     
(8,400)    

(10,056)    
(10,056)    
(5.26)    

2,107     
(3,763)    
1,656     

5,813 
3,880 
1.86 

6,272 
93,944 
(98,375)

(10,056)
(12,082)
(6.32)

2,107 
86,612 
(86,293)

Historically, the Company had generated net losses thus its basic and diluted earnings per share calculations were based upon the same weighted average
shares due to the anti-dilution effect. Certain periods above were restated to reflect net income. As such, the diluted earnings per share calculation for those
periods are calculated based upon the treasury stock method as follows:

(amounts in 000s, except share and per share data)

2014

2013

(restated)
  For the three months    
  ended September 30,     ended December 31,    

(restated)
For the year

(restated)
    For the six months  
ended June 30,
2013

Loss per share – Basic:
Numerator for basic income (loss) per share
Denominator for basic income (loss) per share
Basic income (loss) per common share

Loss per share – Diluted:
Numerator for diluted income (loss) per share
Adjust: Fair value of dilutive warrants outstanding
Numerator for diluted income (loss) per share

Denominator for basic income (loss) per share
Plus: Incremental shares underlying warrants outstanding
Denominator for diluted income (loss) per share
Diluted income (loss) per common share

2,723    $
25,238,412     
0.11    $

1,322    $
15,624,999     
0.08    $

2,723    $
(3,429)    
(706)    

25,238,412     
8,252,777     
33,491,189     
(0.02)   $

1,322     
(5,020)    
(3,698)    

15,624,999     
5,135,411     
20,760,410     
(0.18)   $

237 
14,556,050 
0.02 

237 
(2,149)
(1,912)

14,556,050 
5,150,160 
19,706,210 
(0.10)

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 2 – Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements (continued)

(amounts in 000s, except share and per share data)

Loss per share – Basic:
Numerator for basic income (loss) per share
Denominator for basic income (loss) per share
Basic income (loss) per common share

Loss per share – Diluted:
Numerator for diluted income (loss) per share
Adjust: Fair value of dilutive warrants outstanding
Numerator for diluted income (loss) per share

Denominator for basic income (loss) per share
Plus: Incremental shares underlying warrants outstanding
Denominator for diluted income (loss) per share
Diluted income (loss) per common share

(restated)
  For the three months   
ended March 31,
2013

(restated)
For the year
    ended December 31, 
2010

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

1,514    $
12,009,285     
0.13    $

3,880 
2,087,068 
1.86 

1,514    $
(2,756)    
(1,242)   $

12,009,285     
5,624,075     
17,633,360     
(0.07)   $

3,880 
- 
3,880 

2,087,068 
- 
2,087,068 

1.86(1)

(1)The impact of assumed exercise of warrants is not included because all of the warrants outstanding were “out of the money” during this period.

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Nephros International Limited. 
All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at
the date of the financial statements, and the reported amount of revenues and expenses, during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from
those  estimates.    Included  in  these  estimates  are  assumptions  about  the  valuation  of  the  warrant  liability,  the  collection  of  accounts  receivable,  value  of
inventories, useful life of fixed assets and intangible assets, and assumptions used in determining stock compensation such as expected volatility and risk-free
interest rate. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Going Concern and Management’s Response

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  assuming  that  the  Company  will  continue  as  a  going  concern.  The  Company’s
recurring losses and difficulty in generating sufficient cash flow to meet its obligations and sustain its operations raise substantial doubt about its ability to
continue as a going concern. The Company’s consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this
uncertainty.

The Company has incurred significant losses from operations in each quarter since inception. In addition, the Company has not generated positive cash flow
from operations for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. To become profitable, the

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
     
 
   
      
  
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Company must increase revenue substantially and achieve and maintain positive gross and operating margins. If the Company is not able to increase revenue
and gross and operating margins sufficiently to achieve profitability, its results of operations and financial condition will be materially and adversely affected.

On December 18, 2014, the Company completed a rights offering which resulted in gross proceeds of $3.0 million. See Note 12, Stockholders’ Deficit, for a
more detailed discussion of the rights offering. The Company repaid the August 29, 2014 senior secured note issued to Lambda Investors LLC (“Lambda”) in
the principal amount of $1.75 million with a portion of the proceeds from the rights offering. For a more detailed discussion of the terms of the August 2014
senior secured note, see Note 8, Senior Secured Notes.

There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Company’s  future  cash  flow  will  be  sufficient  to  meet  its  obligations  and  commitments.  If  the  Company  is  unable  to
generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future to service its commitments, the Company will be required to adopt alternatives, such as seeking to
raise debt or equity capital, curtailing its planned activities or ceasing its operations. There can be no assurance that any such actions could be effected on a
timely basis or on satisfactory terms or at all, or that these actions would enable the Company to continue to satisfy its capital requirements.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company deposits its cash in financial institutions. At times, such deposits may be in excess of insured limits. To date, the Company has not experienced
any impairment losses on its cash.

Major Customers

For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, three customers accounted for 78% and 86%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues. As of December
31,  2014  three  customers  accounted  for  83%  of  the  Company’s  accounts  receivable.  As  of  December  31,  2013,  two  customers  accounted  for  97%  of  the
Company’s accounts receivable

Accounts Receivable

The  Company  provides  credit  terms  to  customers  in  connection  with  purchases  of  the  Company’s  products.  Management  periodically  reviews  customer
account activity in order to assess the adequacy of the allowances provided for potential collection issues and returns. Factors considered include economic
conditions, each customer’s payment and return history and credit worthiness. Adjustments, if any, are made to reserve balances following the completion of
these reviews to reflect management’s best estimate of potential losses.  There was an allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $1,000 at December
31, 2014. There was no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2013.  There was no allowance for sales returns at December 31, 2014 or 2013. 
There were no write offs of accounts receivable to bad debt expense during 2014 or 2013. 

Inventory

The Company engages third parties to manufacture and package inventory held for sale, takes title to certain inventory once manufactured, and warehouses
such goods until packaged for final distribution and sale. Inventory consists of finished goods held at the manufacturers’ facilities, and are valued at the lower
of cost or market using the first-in, first-out method.

The Company’s inventory reserve requirements are based on factors including the products’ expiration date and estimates for the future sales of the product.
If estimated sales levels do not materialize, the Company will make adjustments to its assumptions for inventory reserve requirements.

In March 2014, the Company requested the closeout of its October 2013 voluntary product recall.  The Company destroyed the respective product in April
2014.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Patents

The  Company  has  filed  numerous  patent  applications  with  the  United  States  Patent  and  Trademark  Office  and  in  foreign  countries.  All  costs  and  direct
expenses incurred in connection with patent applications have been expensed as incurred and are included in Selling, General and Administrative expenses on
the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  These assets are depreciated over their estimated useful lives of three to seven
years using the straight line method.

Impairment for Long-Lived Assets

The Company adheres to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 360 and periodically evaluates whether current facts or circumstances indicate
that the carrying value of its depreciable assets to be held and used may not be recoverable. If such circumstances are determined to exist, an estimate of
undiscounted  future  cash  flows  produced  by  the  long-lived  assets,  or  the  appropriate  grouping  of  assets,  is  compared  to  the  carrying  value  to  determine
whether impairment exists. If an asset is determined to be impaired, the loss is measured based on the difference between the asset’s fair value and its carrying
value.  An  estimate  of  the  asset’s  fair  value  is  based  on  quoted  market  prices  in  active  markets,  if  available.  If  quoted  market  prices  are  not  available,  the
estimate of fair value is based on various valuation techniques, including a discounted value of estimated future cash flows. The Company reports an asset to
be disposed of at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated net realizable market value. There were no impairment losses for long-lived assets recorded
for the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these
instruments. See Note 4 for information on the fair value of derivative liabilities.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 605.  Four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (i) persuasive evidence of an
arrangement  exists;  (ii)  delivery  has  occurred  or  services  have  been  rendered;  (iii)  the  fee  is  fixed  or  determinable;  and  (iv)  collectability  is  reasonably
assured.
The Company recognizes revenue related to product sales when delivery is confirmed by its external logistics provider and the other criteria of ASC Topic
605 are met. Product revenue is recorded net of returns and allowances.  All costs and duties relating to delivery are absorbed by Nephros. All shipments are
currently received directly by the Company’s customers.

Deferred  revenue  was  approximately  $487,000  and  $703,000  on  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  as  of  December  31,  2014  and  2013,
respectively, and is related to the License Agreement with Bellco. The Company has recognized approximately $2,589,000 of revenue related to this license
agreement to date, including approximately $834,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014, resulting in $487,000 being deferred over the remainder of the
expected obligation period (see Note 14). The Company recognized approximately $711,000 of revenue related to this license agreement for the year ended
December 31, 2013.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping  and  handling  costs  charged  to  customers  are  recorded  as  cost  of  goods  sold  and  were  approximately  $4,000  and  $5,000  for  the  years  ended
December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718 by recognizing the fair value of stock-based compensation in the
consolidated  statement  of  operations  and  comprehensive  loss.    The  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  stock  option  awards  are  estimated  using  a  Black-Scholes
option  valuation  model.  This  model  requires  the  input  of  highly  subjective  assumptions  and  elections  including  expected  stock  price  volatility  and  the
estimated  life  of  each  award.  In  addition,  the  calculation  of  compensation  costs  requires  that  the  Company  estimate  the  number  of  awards  that  will  be
forfeited during the vesting period. The fair value of stock-based awards is amortized over the vesting period of the award. 

Warrants

The  Company  accounts  for  stock  warrants  as  either  equity  instruments  or  derivative  liabilities  depending  on  the  specific  terms  of  the  warrant  agreement.
Stock warrants that allow for cash settlement or provide for anti-dilution of the warrant exercise price under certain conditions are accounted for as derivative
liabilities. The Company classifies derivative warrant liabilities on the balance sheet as a liability, which is revalued using a binomial options pricing model at
each balance sheet date subsequent to the initial issuance. A binomial options pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions and elections
including expected stock price volatility and the estimated life of each award. The changes in fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities are remeasured at
each balance sheet date and the resulting changes in fair value are recorded in current period earnings.

Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs

The Company accounts for debt issuance costs in accordance with ASC 835, which allows that costs paid directly to the issuer of the notes be reported in the
balance sheet as a debt discount and amortized over the term of the associated debt. Debt issuance costs associated with the senior secured note issued to
Lambda on August 29, 2014 were $178,000. All of these costs, in addition to the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs related to the senior secured note
issued to Lambda on November 12, 2013 of $142,000, were amortized as of December 31, 2014 and are included in interest expense on the consolidated
statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Total  debt  issuance  costs  recorded  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2013  were  approximately  $399,000.  Approximately  $195,000  and  $204,000,
respectively, were associated with the senior secured notes issued to Lambda on February 4, 2013 and November 12, 2013. Of the total debt issuance costs
amortized  as  of  December  31,  2013,  approximately  $53,000  and  $204,000,  respectively,  were  related  to  the  senior  secured  notes  issued  to  Lambda  on
February 4, 2013 and November 12, 2013 and are included in interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. 

Other Income (Expense), net

Other income of approximately $58,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014 is due to foreign currency transaction gains. 

Other expense, net, of approximately $33,000 for the year ended December 31, 2013 is primarily due to other expenses of approximately $36,000 related to
foreign currency transaction losses and approximately $14,000 related to the May 2013 rights offering warrant modification.  These expenses were partially
offset by other income of approximately $17,000, which consisted primarily of a refund of $15,000 received as a result of the Steris agreement termination. 

Income Taxes

The  Company  accounts  for  income  taxes  in  accordance  with  ASC  Topic  740,  which  requires  accounting  for  deferred  income  taxes  under  the  asset  and
liability method. Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable in
future years to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities.

For financial reporting purposes, the Company has incurred a loss in each period since its inception. Based on available objective evidence, including the
Company’s  history  of  losses,  management  believes  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the  net  deferred  tax  assets  will  not  be  fully  realizable.  Accordingly,  the
Company provided for a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

ASC Topic 740 prescribes, among other things, a recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial statement recognition and measurement
of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a company’s income tax return.  ASC 740 utilizes a two-step approach for evaluating uncertain tax
positions.  Step one, or recognition, requires a company to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates a tax position is more likely than not to be
sustained  upon  audit,  including  resolution  of  related  appeals  or  litigation  processes,  if  any.    Step  two,  or  measurement,  is  based  on  the  largest  amount  of
benefit, which is more likely than not to be realized on settlement with the taxing authority.  The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major
taxing authorities for all tax years subsequent to 2011.  During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized no adjustments for
uncertain tax positions.  However, management’s conclusions regarding this policy may be subject to review and adjustment at a later date based on factors
including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of and changes to tax laws, regulation and interpretations, thereof.

Net Income (loss) per Common Share

Basic  income  (loss)  per  common  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)  available  to  common  shareholders  by  the  number  of  weighted  average
common  shares  issued  and  outstanding.    Diluted  earnings  (loss)  per  common  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)  available  to  common
shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares issued and outstanding for the period, plus amounts representing the dilutive effect from the
exercise  of  stock  options  and  warrants,  as  applicable.  The  Company  calculates  dilutive  potential  common  shares  using  the  treasury  stock  method,  which
assumes the Company will use the proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants to repurchase shares of common stock to hold in its treasury
stock reserves.

The following securities have been excluded from the dilutive per share computation as they are antidilutive:

Shares underlying options outstanding
Shares underlying warrants outstanding
Unvested restricted stock

Foreign Currency Translation

December 31,

2014

2,472,234     
16,752,915     
132,077     

2013

2,410,134 
5,081,023 
75,450 

Foreign currency translation is recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 830.  The functional currency of Nephros International Limited is the Euro and its
translation gains and losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. The balance sheet is translated at the year-end rate. The statement of
operations is translated at the weighted average rate for the year.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss), as defined in ASC 220, is the total of net income (loss) and all other non-owner changes in equity (or other comprehensive
income (loss)). The Company’s other comprehensive income (loss) consists only of foreign currency translation adjustments.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with
Customers," related to revenue recognition. The underlying principle of the new standard is that a business or other organization will recognize revenue to
depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. The standard
also requires more detailed disclosures and provides additional guidance for transactions that were not addressed completely in prior accounting guidance.
ASU 2014-09 provides alternative methods of initial adoption, and it is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim
periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently reviewing the revised guidance and assessing the potential
impact on its consolidated financial statements.

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties
about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern.” ASU 2014-15 provides guidance about management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is
substantial  doubt  about  an  entity's  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  and  sets  rules  for  how  this  information  should  be  disclosed  in  the  financial
statements.  ASU  2014-15  is  effective  for  annual  periods  ending  after  December  15,  2016  and  interim  periods  thereafter.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  The
Company is currently evaluating any impact the adoption of ASU 2014-15 might have on its consolidated financial statements.

In  April  2015,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2015-03,  “Interest  –  Imputation  of  Interest  (Subtopic  2015-03):  Simplifying  the  Presentation  of  Debt  Issuance
Costs” related to the presentation requirements for debt issuance costs and debt discount and premium. ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related
to  a  recognized  debt  liability  be  presented  in  the  balance  sheet  as  a  direct  deduction  from  the  carrying  amount  of  that  debt  liability,  consistent  with  debt
discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by ASU 2015-03. ASU 2015-03 is effective for fiscal years
beginning  after  December  15,  2015  and  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.  Early  adoption  of  the  amendments  in  ASU  2015-03  is  permitted  for
financial statements that have not been previously issued. The Company does not believe that the adoption of ASU 2015-03 will have a significant impact on
its consolidated financial statements.

Note 4 – Financial Instruments

The Company’s 2007 Warrants are recorded as liabilities at their estimated fair value at the date of issuance, with the subsequent changes in estimated fair
value recorded in changes in fair value of warrant liability in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) in each
subsequent period. The Company utilizes a binomial options pricing model to value the 2007 Warrants.

The fair value guidance requires fair value measurements be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

  ·

  ·

  · 

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the
asset or liability;

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by
little or no market activity).

The estimated fair value of the 2007 Warrants is determined using Level 3 inputs. Inherent in a binomial options pricing model are assumptions related to
expected stock-price volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on
historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve
on the grant date for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the warrants. The expected life of the warrants is assumed to be equivalent to their
remaining contractual term. The dividend rate is based on the historical rate, which the Company anticipates to remain at zero.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 4 – Financial Instruments (continued)

The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about each major category of the Company’s financial assets and liability measured at fair value
on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands).

Fair value measurement at reporting date using:

Quoted prices in
active markets
for 
identical assets 
(Level 1)

Significant other 
observable 
inputs 
(Level 2)

Significant 
unobservable 
inputs 
(Level 3)

Total

At December 31, 2014:

Warrant liability

  $

-    $

-    $

7,386    $

7,386 

Fair value measurement at reporting date using:

Quoted prices in  
active markets 
for 
identical assets 
(Level 1)

Significant other 
observable 
inputs 
(Level 2)

Significant 
unobservable 
inputs 
(Level 3)

Total

At December 31, 2013:

Warrant liability

  $

-    $

-    $

3,109    $

3,109 

The  Company  has  issued  warrants  to  purchase  common  stock  that  are  measured  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring  basis  using  unobservable  inputs  or  available
market data in a binomial options pricing model to support the fair value (Level 3). A reconciliation of the warrant liability is as follows (in thousands):

Balance at January 1, 2013

Decrease in fair value of warrant liability

Balance at December 31, 2013

Increase in fair value of warrant liability

Balance at December 31, 2014

  2007 Warrants  
8,129 
  $
(5,020)
3,109 
4,277 
7,386 

  $

  $

The following table summarizes the calculated aggregate fair values of the warrants, along with the assumptions utilized in each calculation:

Calculated aggregate value
Weighted average exercise price
Closing price per share of common stock
Volatility
Weighted average remaining expected life (years)
Risk-free interest rate
Dividend yield

  $
  $
  $

2014

2013

  $
7,386 
  $
0.30 
  $
0.79 
165.6%   
5.2 
1.8%   
- 

3,109 
0.40 
0.42 
103.5%
5.0 
1.6%
- 

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 5 - Inventory

The Company’s inventory components as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

Total gross inventory, finished goods
Less: inventory reserve
Total inventory

Note 6 - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

Prepaid insurance premiums
Security deposit
Other
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Note 7 - Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 was as follows:

December 31,

2014

2013

297,000    $
(111,000)    
186,000    $

527,000 
(365,000)
162,000 

December 31,

2014

2013

70,000    $
21,000     
13,000     
104,000    $

70,000 
21,000 
34,000 
125,000 

  $

  $

  $

  $

Manufacturing equipment
Research equipment
Computer equipment
Furniture and fixtures
Property and equipment, gross
Less: accumulated depreciation
Property and equipment, net

Life
3-5 years
5 years
3-4 years
7 years

December 31,

2014

2013

599,000    $
37,000     
59,000     
39,000     
734,000     
733,000     
1,000    $

599,000 
37,000 
59,000 
39,000 
734,000 
727,000 
7,000 

  $

  $

Depreciation expense for each of the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 was approximately $6,000 and $9,000, respectively.

During 2013, the Company sold fully depreciated equipment totaling approximately $3,000 which is reflected as gain on sale of equipment on the
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Note 8 – Senior Secured Notes

On August 29, 2014, the Company issued a senior secured note to Lambda, in the principal amount of $1.75 million. The note bore interest at the rate of 12%
per annum and was scheduled to mature on February 28, 2015, at which time all principal and accrued interest was due. However, the Company paid all
amounts due under the note on December 18, 2014 with the cash proceeds from the rights offering that closed in December 2014. In connection with the note,
the Company incurred an 8%, or $140,000, sourcing/transaction fee with Lambda. In addition, the Company incurred additional legal fees and other expenses
in  connection  with  the  note  in  the  amount  of  $38,000  with  Lambda.  Those  payments  totaling  $178,000  were  initially  reflected  as  a  debt  discount  and
amortized  over  the  term  of  the  note.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014,  $178,000  is  included  in  interest  expense  on  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations and comprehensive loss.

On November 12, 2013, the Company issued a senior secured note to Lambda in the principal amount of $1.5 million. The note bore interest at the rate of
12%  per  annum  and  was  scheduled  to  mature  on  May  12,  2014,  at  which  time  all  principal  and  accrued  interest  was  due.  However,  the  Company  paid
amounts due under the note on March 18, 2014 with the cash proceeds from the rights offering that closed in March 2014. In connection with the note, the
Company incurred an 8%, or $120,000, sourcing/transaction fee with Lambda. In addition, the Company incurred additional legal fees and other expenses in
connection with the note in the amount of $75,000 with Lambda. Those payments totaling $195,000 were made on November 12, 2013 and are reflected as a
debt  discount  which  was  amortized  over  the  term  of  the  senior  secured  note.  Approximately  $142,000  and  $53,000,  respectively,  are  included  in  interest
expense on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Lambda  is  an  affiliate  of  Wexford  Capital  LP,  which  is  the  managing  member  of  Lambda.  Arthur  H.  Amron,  a  director  of  the  Company,  is  a  partner  and
general counsel of Wexford Capital LP. Paul A. Mieyal, a director of the Company and currently its acting President, CEO and CFO, is also a Vice President
of Wexford Capital LP.

Note 9 - Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

Accrued legal
Accrued management bonus
Accrued directors’ compensation
Accrued stock transfer agent fees
Accrued accounting
Accrued interest
Accrued product recall
Accrued other

Note 10 - Income Taxes

December 31,

2014

2013

145,000    $
50,000     
36,000     
27,000     
23,000     
14,000     
-     
47,000     
342,000    $

149,000 
81,000 
- 
- 
- 
39,000 
60,000 
36,000 
365,000 

  $

  $

A reconciliation of the income tax provision computed at the statutory tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:

U.S. federal statutory rate
Warrant liability
State & local taxes
Tax on foreign operations
State research and development credits
Other
Valuation allowance
Effective tax rate

2014

2013

35.00%    
(23.70)%   
5.02%    
0.20%    
0.55%    
(3.10)%   
(13.97)%   
- 

35.00%
(155.10)%
6.40%
2.00%
(3.10)%
6.50%
108.30%

- 

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:

Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry forwards
Research and development credits
Nonqualified stock option compensation expense
Other temporary book - tax differences
Total deferred tax assets
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets
Net deferred tax assets

50

2014

2013

  $

  $

27,935,165    $
1,118,389     
1,913,673     
436,178     
31,403,405     
(31,403,405)    
-    $

27,029,000 
1,096,000 
1,801,000 
408,000 
30,334,000 
(30,334,000)
- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 10 - Income Taxes (continued)

A valuation allowance has been recognized to offset the Company’s net deferred tax asset as it is more likely than not that such net asset will not be realized.
The Company primarily considered its historical loss and potential Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitations to arrive at its conclusion that a valuation
allowance was required.

At December 31, 2014, the Company had Federal and New Jersey income tax net operating loss carryforwards of $92,928,000 and foreign income tax net
operating  loss  carryforwards  of  $8,070,000.  The  Company  also  had  Federal  research  tax  credit  carryforwards  of  $1,118,389  at  December  31,  2014  and
$1,096,000 at December 31, 2013. The Federal and New Jersey net operating loss carryforwards and Federal tax credit carryforwards will expire at various
times between 2014 and 2026 unless utilized.

It is the Company’s policy to report interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.

Note 11 - Stock Plans, Share-Based Payments and Warrants

Stock Plans

In 2000, the Company adopted the Nephros 2000 Equity Incentive Plan. In January 2003, the Board of Directors adopted an amendment and restatement of
the plan and renamed it the Amended and Restated Nephros 2000 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2000 Plan”), under which 106,538 shares of common stock had
been authorized for issuance upon exercise of options granted.

As of December 31, 2014 there were no outstanding options under the 2000 Plan. On March 15, 2014, the 2,834 options outstanding as of December 31, 2013
expired.

The Board retired the 2000 Plan in June 2004, and thereafter no additional awards may be granted under the 2000 Plan.

In  2004,  the  Board  of  Directors  adopted  and  the  Company’s  stockholders  approved  the  Nephros,  Inc.  2004  Stock  Incentive  Plan.  During  the  year  ended
December 31, 2013, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to such plan (as amended, the “2004 Plan”), that increased the number of shares of
the Company’s common stock that are authorized for issuance by the Company pursuant to grants of awards under the 2004 Plan to 4,500,000.

As of December 31, 2014, 1,236,975 options had been issued to employees under the 2004 Plan and were outstanding. The options expire on various dates
between April 27, 2015 and February 5, 2024, and have vested or will vest upon a combination of the following: immediate vesting or straight line vesting of
two or four years. At December 31, 2014, there were 2,054,799 shares available for future grants under the 2004 Plan. As of December 31, 2014, 903,709
options  had  been  issued  to  non-employees  under  the  2004  Plan  and  were  outstanding.  Such  options  expire  at  various  dates  between  April  26,  2015  and
November 17, 2024, and vest upon a combination of the following: immediate vesting or straight line vesting of two or four years.

As of December 31, 2013, 1,028,509 options had been issued to employees under the 2004 Plan and were outstanding. The options expire on various dates
between April 27, 2015 and March 24, 2021, and vest upon a combination of the following: immediate vesting or straight line vesting of two or four years. At
December 31, 2013, there were 2,407,318 shares available for future grants under the 2004 Plan. As of December 31, 2013, 715,692 options had been issued
to non-employees under the 2004 Plan and were outstanding. Such options expire at various dates between November 11, 2014 and November 18, 2021, and
vest upon a combination of the following: immediate vesting or straight line vesting of two or four years.

In addition, 331,550 options were issued in 2012 to the Company’s CEO per terms of his employment agreement and were outstanding as of December 31,
2014 and 2013.

Share-Based Payment

Expense is recognized, net of expected forfeitures, over the vesting period of the options. Stock based compensation expense recognized for the years ended
December 31, 2014 and 2013 was approximately $421,000 and approximately $418,000, respectively.

Gerald J. Kochanski, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Corporate Secretary of Nephros, Inc., resigned effective June 15, 2013. The Company agreed, in
consideration of Mr. Kochanski providing certain consulting services to the Company, to extend the exercise period of his outstanding vested stock options
from September 15, 2013 to March 14, 2014. The change in the terms under this modification did not result in any additional compensation expense. All of
Mr. Kochanski’s vested stock options expired on March 14, 2014.

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 11 - Stock Plans, Share-Based Payments and Warrants (continued) 

The following table summarizes the option activity for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

Outstanding at December 31, 2012
Options granted
Options forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2013
Options granted
Options forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2014

Shares

2,294,714    $
237,315     
(121,895)    
2,410,134     
352,519     
(290,419)    
2,472,234    $

The following table summarizes the options exercisable and vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:

Exercisable at December 31, 2013
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2013
Exercisable at December 31, 2014
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2014

Shares

1,385,199    $
2,350,688    $
1,679,392    $
2,426,249    $

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2014:

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

2.14 
0.64 
3.27 
1.28 
0.50 
2.45 
0.96 

1.46 
1.29 
1.11 
1.04 

Range of Exercise 
Price

$0.33 - $2.60
$15.40 - $29.80
$51.40-$96.00

Total Outstanding

Options Outstanding
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life in 
Years

Number 
Outstanding as 
of December 
31, 2014

Options Exercisable

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price

Number 
Exercisable as 
of 
December 31, 
2014

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price  

2,460,284     
10,450     
1,500     

8.57    $
4.51    $
1.58    $

0.91     
21.89     
64.47     

1,667,441    $
10,450    $
1,500    $

2,472,234     

     $

0.96     

1,679,392    $

0.92 
21.89 
64.47 

1.11 

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NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 11 - Stock Plans, Share-Based Payments and Warrants (continued) 

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the below assumptions for the risk-free
interest rates, expected dividend yield, expected lives and expected stock price volatility.

Grant Year
Stock Price Volatility
Risk-Free Interest Rates
Expected Life (in years)
Expected Dividend Yield

Option Pricing Assumptions
2013
2014

129.8%   
1.86%   
5.84 

0%   

129.8%
1.36%
5.91 

0%

Expected  volatility  is  based  on  historical  volatility  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  at  the  time  of  grant.  The  risk-free  interest  rate  is  based  on  the  U.S.
Treasury yields in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the options. For the expected life, the Company is using the
simplified  method  as  described  in  the  SEC  Staff  Accounting  Bulletin  107.  This  method  assumes  that  stock  option  grants  will  be  exercised  based  on  the
average of the vesting periods and the option’s life.

The total fair value of options vested during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 was approximately $507,000. The total fair value of options vested
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 was approximately $519,000.

The  weighted-average  fair  value  of  options  granted  in  2014  and  2013  is  $0.45  and  $0.56,  respectively.  The  aggregate  intrinsic  value  of  stock  options
outstanding at December 31, 2014 is $241,000 and of stock options vested or expected to vest is approximately $235,000. A stock option has intrinsic value,
at any given time, if and to the extent that the exercise price of such stock option is less than the market price of the underlying common stock at such time.
The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options vested or expected to vest is 7.5 years.

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding at December 31, 2013 is $0 and of stock options vested or expected to vest is approximately $0. A
stock  option  has  intrinsic  value,  at  any  given  time,  if  and  to  the  extent  that  the  exercise  price  of  such  stock  option  is  less  than  the  market  price  of  the
underlying common stock at such time. The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options vested or expected to vest is 8.1 years.

As  of  December  31,  2014,  the  total  remaining  unrecognized  compensation  cost  related  to  non-vested  stock  options  amounted  to  $504,000  and  will  be
amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 1.9 years.

Restricted Stock

The Company has issued restricted stock as compensation for the services of certain employees and non-employee directors.  The grant date fair value of
restricted stock was based on the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant, and compensation expense is recognized based on the period in which
the restrictions lapse. 

The following table summarizes restricted stock activity for the year end December 31, 2014 and 2013:

Nonvested at December 31, 2012
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31, 2013
Granted
Vested
Nonvested at December 31, 2014

Weighted 
Average 
Grant Date 
Fair Value

- 
0.73 
0.71 
0.88 
0.66 
0.86 
0.66 
0.86 

Shares

-    $
398,227     
(264,770)    
(58,007)    
75,450     
132,077     
(75,450)    
132,077    $

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NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 11 - Stock Plans, Share-Based Payments and Warrants (continued) 

Total  stock-based  compensation  expense  for  the  restricted  stock  was  approximately  $109,000  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  and  is  included  in
Selling, General and Administrative expenses on the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Any additional stock-based
compensation related to non-employee directors will be recorded to stock-based compensation expense. As of December 31, 2014, there was approximately
$8,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to the restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over the next four months.

Warrants

The Company accounts for stock warrants as either equity instruments or derivative liabilities depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement.
Stock warrants are accounted for as derivative liabilities if the stock warrants allow for cash settlement or provide for modification of the warrant exercise
price in the event that subsequent sales of common stock are at a lower price per share than the then-current warrant exercise price. The Company classifies
derivative warrant liabilities on the balance sheet as a long-term liability, which is measured to fair value at each balance sheet date subsequent to the initial
issuance of the stock warrant.

The following table summarizes certain terms of all of the Company’s outstanding warrants at December 31, 2014 and 2013: 

Title of Warrant

Date Issued

Expiry Date

  Exercise Price    

Total Outstanding Warrants

Liability-classified warrants
2007 Warrants - Lambda

Equity-classified warrants
July 2009 Warrants
Shareholder Rights Offering Warrants
March 2011 Lambda Warrants

 Total

11/14/2007 

3/21/2019  $

0.30     

7/24/2009 
3/10/2011 
3/10/2011 

7/24/2014  $
3/10/2016  $
3/21/2019  $

22.40     
0.40     
0.40     

Total Common 
Shares Issuable as December 31,

2014

2013

11,742,100     
11,742,100     

8,806,575 
8,806,575 

-     
2,228,238     
2,782,577     
5,010,815     
16,752,915     

33,629 
2,264,817 
2,782,577 
5,081,023 
13,887,598 

The weighted average exercise price of the outstanding warrants was $0.33 for December 31, 2014 and $0.45 for December 2013. 

Following  the  issuance  of  the  August  2014  senior  secured  note,  Lambda’s  existing  warrants  to  purchase  11,742,100  shares  that  remain  outstanding  were
amended to expire on March 21, 2019.

As a result of the March 2014 rights offering, the full ratchet anti-dilution protection for Class D warrants held by Lambda was triggered. The respective
warrants are now exercisable for 11,742,100 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.30 per share compared to the 8,806,575 shares of common
stock and $0.40 exercise price prior to the rights offering.

Warrants exercised during 2014 and 2013 

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, 791,278 warrants were exercised, resulting in proceeds of approximately $15,000 and the issuance of
36,570 shares of the Company’s common stock.

In connection with the May 2013 rights offering, the Company temporarily reduced the exercise price for its warrants issued in March 2011 from $0.40 per
share to $0.30 per share. The Company determined that this inducement was a modification of equity instruments and, therefore, an incremental fair value of
the inducement was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

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NEPHROS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 11 - Stock Plans, Share-Based Payments and Warrants (continued) 

During the period that the May 2013 rights offering was open, warrant holders exercised 14,879,708 warrants, issued in March 2011, for 687,793 shares of
common stock, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $206,000 to the Company. The incremental fair value of the inducement recorded in the year
ended December 31, 2013 was approximately $14,000.

Additionally, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, 2,254,500 warrants were exercised outside the period that the May 2013 rights offering
was open, resulting in proceeds of approximately $42,000 and the issuance of 104,206 shares of the Company’s common stock.

In addition, 9 and 374 common shares, respectively, were not issued as a result of warrant exercises for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 due to
rounding.

Note 12 – Stockholders’ Deficit

December 2014 Rights Offering

On October 20, 2014, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-1 in connection with a $3 million rights offering.  On November 4, 2014, the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 related to the Rights Offering was declared effective by the SEC.

The December 2014 rights offering commenced on November 10, 2014 and expired on December 15, 2014.  All of the Company’s stockholders and warrant
holders were eligible to participate in the rights offering on a pro rata basis based upon their proportionate ownership of the Company’s common stock on a
fully-diluted basis.  Pursuant to the rights offering, the Company distributed to holders of its common stock and/or warrants one non-transferable subscription
right for each share of common stock, and each share of common stock underlying a warrant, held as of November 5, 2014.  Each right entitled the holder to
purchase 0.11901 of a share of the Company’s common stock at a subscription price of $0.60 per share.  The Company rounded up any fractional shares to the
nearest whole share.

On December 18, 2014, the Company completed a rights offering which resulted in the issuance of 5,000,000 shares for gross proceeds of $3.0 million. The
aggregate net proceeds were approximately $1.1 million, after deducting the repayment of the $1.75 million August 2014 senior secured note, plus $64,000 of
accrued interest thereon, issued to Lambda, and an aggregate of $75,000 for reimbursement of Lambda’s legal fees incurred in connection with the August
2014 senior secured note and the rights offering.

March 2014 Rights Offering

On January 7, 2014, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-1 in connection with a $2.8 million rights offering. On February 12, 2014, the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 related to the March 2014 rights offering was declared effective by the SEC. The March 2014 rights offering
commenced on February 14, 2014 and expired on March 14, 2014. All of the Company’s stockholders and warrant holders were eligible to participate in the
March 2014 rights offering on a pro rata basis based upon their proportionate ownership of the Company’s common stock on a fully-diluted basis. Pursuant to
the  March  2014  rights  offering,  the  Company  distributed  to  holders  of  its  common  stock  and/or  warrants  one  non-transferable  subscription  right  for  each
share  of  common  stock,  and  each  share  of  common  stock  underlying  a  warrant,  held  as  of  January  30,  2014.  Each  right  entitled  the  holder  to  purchase
0.28673 of a share of the Company’s common stock at a subscription price of $0.30 per share. The Company rounded up any fractional shares to the nearest
whole share.

On March 21, 2014, the Company completed the March 2014 rights offering that resulted in gross proceeds of $2.1 million. The aggregate net proceeds were
approximately $581,000, after deducting the repayment of the November 2013 $1.5 million senior secured note and the $61,000 of accrued interest thereon.

The Company issued a total of 7,140,823 shares of common stock to the holders of subscription rights who validly exercised their subscription rights, which
represents 77% of the total shares offered in the March 2014 rights offering. Fees of approximately $128,000 were also incurred related to the March 2014
rights offering and were recorded as reduction to equity.

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Note 12 – Stockholders’ Deficit (continued)

May 2013 Rights Offering

On  March  4,  2013,  the  Company  filed  a  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1  in  connection  with  a  $3  million  rights  offering.    On  April  17,  2013,  the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 related to the May 2013 rights offering was declared effective by the SEC.

The May 2013 rights offering commenced on April 17, 2013 and expired on May 17, 2013.  All of the Company’s stockholders and warrant holders were
eligible to participate in the Rights Offering on a pro rata basis based upon their proportionate ownership of the Company’s common stock on a fully-diluted
basis.  Pursuant to the May 2013 rights offering, the Company distributed to holders of its common stock and/or warrants one non-transferable subscription
right  for  each  share  of  common  stock,  and  each  share  of  common  stock  underlying  a  warrant,  held  as  of  April  4,  2013.    Each  right  entitled  the  holder  to
purchase 0.18776 of a share of the Company’s common stock at a subscription price of $0.60 per share.  The Company rounded up any fractional shares to
the nearest whole share.

On  May  22,  2013,  the  Company  completed  its  May  2013  rights  offering  which  resulted  in  the  issuance  of  5,000,000  shares  for  gross  proceeds  of  $3.0
million.  The aggregate net proceeds were approximately $1.4 million, after deducting the repayment of the $1.3 million February 2013 senior secured note,
plus $46,800 of accrued interest thereon, issued to Lambda, the payment of an 8% sourcing transaction fee of $104,000 with respect to the February 2013
senior secured note and an aggregate of $100,000 for reimbursement of Lambda’s legal fees incurred in connection with the February 2013 senior secured
note and the May 2013 rights offering. Those payments totaling $204,000 are reflected as amortization of debt discount.

Note 13 - 401(k) Plan

The Company has established a 401(k) deferred contribution retirement plan (the “401(k) Plan”) which covers all employees. The 401(k) Plan provides for
voluntary employee contributions of up to 15% of annual earnings, as defined. As of January 1, 2004, the Company matches 100% of the first 3% and 50% of
the next 2% of employee contributions to the 401(k) Plan. The Company contributed and expensed $43,000 and $46,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Note 14 - Commitments and Contingencies

Manufacturing and Suppliers

The  Company  has  not  and  does  not  intend  in  the  near  future,  to  manufacture  any  of  its  products  and  components.  With  regard  to  the  OLpur  MD190  and
MD220, on June 27, 2011, the Company entered into a license agreement, effective July 1, 2011, with Bellco S.r.l., an Italy-based supplier of hemodialysis
and intensive care products, for the manufacturing, marketing and sale of our patented mid-dilution dialysis filters (MD 190, MD 220), referred to herein as
the Products. Under the agreement, Nephros granted Bellco a license to manufacture, market and sell the Products under its own name, label and CE mark in
Italy, France, Belgium, Spain and Canada on an exclusive basis, and to do the same on a non-exclusive basis in the United Kingdom and Greece and, upon
our  written  approval,  other  European  countries  where  the  Company  does  not  sell  the  Products  as  well  as  non-European  countries  (referred  to  as  the
“Territory”).

On February 19, 2014, the Company entered into the First Amendment to License Agreement (the “First Amendment”), by and between the Company and
Bellco, which amends the License Agreement, entered into as of July 1, 2011 by and between the Company and Bellco.  Pursuant to the First Amendment, the
Company  and  Bellco  agreed  to  extend  the  term  of  the  License  Agreement  from  December  31,  2016  to  December  31,  2021.  The  First  Amendment  also
expands the Territory covered by the License Agreement to include Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Korea, Mexico, Brazil, China and the Netherlands.
The First Amendment further provides new minimum sales targets which, if not satisfied, will, at the discretion of the Company, result in conversion of the
license to non-exclusive status. The Company has agreed to reduce the fixed royalty payment payable to the Company for the period beginning on January 1,
2015 through and including December 31, 2021. Beginning on January 1, 2015 through and including December 31, 2021, Bellco will pay the Company a
royalty based on the number of units of Products sold per year in the Territory as follows: for the first 125,000 units sold in total, €1.75 (approximately $2.40)
per unit; thereafter, €1.25 (approximately $1.71) per unit.  In addition, the Company received a total of €450,000 (approximately $612,000) in upfront fees in
connection with the First Amendment, half of which was received on February 19, 2014 and the remaining half was received on April 4, 2014. In addition,
the First Amendment provides that, in the event that the Company pursues a transaction to sell, assign or transfer all right, title and interest to the licensed
patents to a third party, the Company will provide Bellco with written notice thereof and a right of first offer with respect to the contemplated transaction for a
period of thirty (30) days.

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Note 14 - Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

License and Supply Agreement

On April 23, 2012, the Company entered into a License and Supply Agreement (the “License and Supply Agreement”) with Medica S.p.A. (“Medica”), an
Italy-based medical product manufacturing company, for the marketing and sale of certain filtration products based upon Medica’s proprietary Medisulfone
ultrafiltration technology in conjunction with the Company’s filtration products (collectively, the “Filtration Products”), and to engage in an exclusive supply
arrangement  for  the  Filtration  Products.  Under  the  License  and  Supply  Agreement,  Medica  granted  to  the  Company  an  exclusive  license,  with  right  of
sublicense, to market, promote, distribute, offer for sale and sell the Filtration Products worldwide, excluding Italy for the first three years, during the term of
the License and Supply Agreement. In addition, the Company granted to Medica an exclusive license under the Company’s intellectual property to make the
Filtration Products during the term of the License and Supply Agreement. In exchange for the rights granted, the Company agreed to make minimum annual
aggregate purchases from Medica of €300,000 (approximately $400,000), €500,000 (approximately $700,000) and €750,000 (approximately $880,000) for
the years 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. In the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company’s aggregate purchase commitments totaled approximately
€766,000 (approximately $900,000). For calendar years 2015 through 2022, annual minimum amounts will be mutually agreed upon between Medica and the
Company. The annual minimum amount for calendar 2015 has not been finalized. In exchange for the license, the Company paid Medica a total of €1,500,000
(approximately $2,000,000) in three installments: €500,000 (approximately $700,000) on April 23, 2012, €600,000 (approximately $800,000) on February 4,
2013, and €400,000 (approximately $500,000) on May 23, 2013.

As further consideration for the license and other rights granted to the Company, the Company granted Medica options to purchase 300,000 shares of the
Company’s common stock. The fair market value of these stock options was approximately $273,000 at the time of their issuance, calculated as described in
Note  2  under  Stock-Based  Compensation.  The  fair  market  value  of  the  options  has  been  capitalized  as  a  long-term  intangible  asset  along  with  the  total
installment  payments  described.  Other  long-term  assets  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  is  approximately  $1,684,000,  net  of  $566,000  accumulated
amortization, and is related to the License and Supply Agreement. The asset is being amortized as an expense over the life of the agreement. Approximately
$210,000  and  $214,000  have  been  charged  to  amortization  expense  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2014  and  2013,  respectively,  on  the  consolidated
statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Approximately $210,000 of amortization expense will be recognized in each of the years ended December
31, 2015 through 2022. In addition, for the period beginning April 23, 2014 through December 31, 2022, the Company will pay Medica a royalty rate of 3%
of net sales of the Filtration Products sold, subject to reduction as a result of a supply interruption pursuant to the terms of the License and Supply Agreement.
The term of the License and Supply Agreement commenced on April 23, 2012 and continues in effect through December 31, 2022, unless earlier terminated
by either party in accordance with the terms of the License and Supply Agreement.

The Company has an understanding with Medica whereby the Company has agreed to pay interest to Medica at a 12% annual rate calculated on the principal
amount of any outstanding invoices that are not paid pursuant to the original payment terms.  

Contractual Obligations

The  Company  had  an  operating  lease  that  expired  on  November  30,  2014  for  the  rental  of  its  U.S.  office  and  research  and  development  facilities  with  a
monthly cost of approximately $8,000. On August 27, 2014, the Company signed a one year lease extension for the same office space which will expire on
November 30, 2015 with a monthly cost of approximately $8,800 beginning December 1, 2014.

The lease agreement for the facilities in Europe was entered into on July 1, 2010. The lease term is renewable for 6 month terms with a 2 month notice to
discontinue, on a rolling basis.  The monthly cost is 500 Euro (approximately $600).

 Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 totaled $117,000 and $116,000, respectively.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEPHROS, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Note 14 - Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The following tables summarize our approximate minimum contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2014:

Total

Within 
1 Year

Payments Due in Period
Years 
1 - 3

Years 
4 - 5

More than 
5 Years

Leases
Employment Contracts (1)
Total

  $

  $

106,000    $
175,000     
281,000    $

104,000    $
175,000     
279,000    $

2,000    $
-     
2,000    $

-    $
-     
-    $

- 
- 
- 

(1) Represents amount payable under severance agreement for John C. Houghton, effective January 4, 2015. See Note 15, Subsequent Events, for further
discussion.

Product Recall

On  October  30,  2013,  the  Company  filed  a  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  announcing  the  voluntary  recalls  of  its  point  of  use  (POU)  and  DSU  in-line
ultrafilters  used  in  hospital  water  treatment  applications.    As  a  result,  the  Company  recalled  all  production  lots  of  its  POU  filters,  and  also  requested  that
customers  remove  and  discard  certain  labeling/promotional  materials  for  the  products.    In  addition,  the  Company  also  requested,  for  the  DSU  in-line
ultrafilter, that customers remove and discard certain labeling/promotional materials for the product.  These voluntary recalls did not affect the Company’s
dialysis products.  The consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013 included product revenues and cost of goods sold adjustments
of approximately $216,000 and $110,000, respectively, reflecting estimates of the financial impact of product recalled to the Company.  The recall and the
related  circumstances  could  subject  the  Company  to  claims  or  proceedings  by  consumers,  the  FDA  or  other  regulatory  authorities  which  may  adversely
impact the Company’s sales and revenues.  The Company destroyed the respective product in April 2014.

Note 15 - Subsequent Events

On January 4, 2015, the Board of Directors appointed Daron Evans, a member of the Board, to serve as Chairman of the Board. Also on January 4, 2015, the
Board  of  Directors  appointed  Paul  A.  Mieyal,  a  member  of  the  Board,  to  serve  as  the  Acting  President,  Acting  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Acting  Chief
Financial  Officer  and  Acting  Secretary  of  the  Company.  Dr.  Mieyal  succeeded  John  C.  Houghton,  whose  separation  of  employment  as  President,  Chief
Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer of the Company was effective on January 4, 2015. In addition, Mr. Houghton resigned as a member of
the Board, effective on January 4, 2015. The resignation as a member of the Board was not due to any disagreement by or with Mr. Houghton on any matter
relating to the Company’s operations, policies or practices. In connection with his separation from employment with the Company, Mr. Houghton entered into
a  Separation  Agreement  and  General  Release  (the  “Agreement”).  Pursuant  to  the  Agreement,  Mr.  Houghton  is  entitled  to  six  months  severance  and  is
permitted to exercise his vested unexpired stock options for ninety days following January 4, 2015. During the severance term, Mr. Houghton will be subject
to customary non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality restrictions. 

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

There have been no disagreements with our accountants during 2014 or 2013 reportable pursuant to this Item.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed
or  submitted  under  the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods  specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and  forms.
Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation,  controls  and  procedures  designed  to  ensure  that  information  required  to  be  disclosed  in
company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Acting Chief Executive Officer
and Acting Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As  required  by  Rules  13a-15  and  15d-15  under  the  Exchange  Act,  our  Acting  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Acting  Chief  Financial  Officer  carried  out  an
evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2014. Based upon this evaluation, the
Acting  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Acting  Chief  Financial  Officer  have  concluded  that  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  were  not  effective  as  of
December 31, 2014, due solely to the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below in “Management's Report on Internal
Control  over  Financial  Reporting.”  In  light  of  this  material  weakness,  we  performed  additional  analysis  as  deemed  necessary  to  ensure  that  our  financial
statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, management believes that the financial statements
included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K present fairly in all material respects our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the period
presented.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f ) and 15d-15(f ). Under the supervision of the Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer, management conducted an
evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 based on the framework set forth by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in “Internal Control-Integrated Framework”.   Based on our assessment, management has
concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2014 as a result of a material weakness in controls related to
the accounting for warrants as more fully described in Note 2 of the financial statements included herein including an insufficient number of resources in the
accounting and finance department.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the most recently completed fiscal quarter, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting, as the circumstances that led to the restatement of our financial statements
described  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  had  not  yet  been  identified.  Our  management  has  implemented  remediation  steps  to  address  the  material
weakness and to improve our internal control over financial reporting. Specifically, we expanded and improved our review process for complex securities and
related accounting standards. We plan to further improve this process by enhancing access to accounting literature, identification of third party professionals
with  whom  to  consult  regarding  complex  accounting  applications  and  consideration  of  additional  staff  with  the  requisite  experience  and  training  to
supplement existing accounting professionals.

Item 9B. Other Information  

Not applicable.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance  

Board of Directors

PART III

Our Board of Directors is currently composed of five directors. Our Board of Directors is divided into three classes. Each year, one class is elected to serve
for three years. The business address for each director for matters regarding our company is 41 Grand Avenue, River Edge, New Jersey 07661.

In connection with our September 2007 financing, we entered into an investor rights agreement with the 2007 investors pursuant to which we agreed to take
such corporate actions as may be required, among other things, to entitle Lambda Investors (i) to nominate two individuals having reasonably appropriate
experience and background to our Board to serve as directors until their respective successor(s) are elected and qualified, (ii) to nominate each successor to
the Lambda Investors nominees, provided that any successor shall have reasonably appropriate experience and background, and (iii) to direct the removal
from the Board of any director nominated under the foregoing clauses (i) or (ii). Under the investor rights agreement, we are required to convene meetings of
the Board of Directors at least once every three months. If we fail to do so, a Lambda Investors director will be empowered to convene such meeting.

Board Members

Name

Age
(as of 
3/31/15)

Class I Directors – Term Expiring 2015

Arthur H. Amron  

58

  Director Since  

Business Experience for the Last Five Years

2007

  Mr. Amron has served as a director of our company since September 2007. Mr. Amron is a

Partner of Wexford Capital LP, an SEC-registered investment advisor and serves as its General
Counsel. Mr. Amron also actively participates in various private equity transactions,
particularly in the bankruptcy and restructuring areas, and has served on the boards and
creditors’ committees of a number of public and private companies in which Wexford has held
investments. Mr. Amron has also served as a director of Rhino GP LLC, which is the general
partner of Rhino Resource Partners LP, a publicly traded master limited partnership (NYSE -
RNO), since October 2010. From 1991 to 1994, Mr. Amron was an Associate at Schulte Roth
& Zabel LLP, specializing in corporate and bankruptcy law, and from 1984 to 1991, Mr.
Amron was an Associate at Debevoise & Plimpton LLP specializing in corporate litigation and
bankruptcy law. Mr. Amron holds a J.D. from Harvard University, a B.A. in Political Theory
from Colgate University and is a member of the New York Bar. Among other experience,
qualifications, attributes and skills, Mr. Amron’s legal training and experience in the capital
markets, as well as his experience serving on boards of directors of other public companies,
led to the conclusion of our Board that he should serve as a director of our company in light of
our business and structure.

Matthew Rosenberg 

34

2014

  Dr. Rosenberg has served as a director of our company since May 2014. Dr. Rosenberg is an

accomplished professional with extensive healthcare public policy experience. He is the
Founder and President of Opake as well as an active angel investor.  Dr. Rosenberg was
formerly at McKinsey & Company, a global management consulting firm, where he focused
on the Healthcare Systems and Services Practice. Dr. Rosenberg specializes in driving impact
for payors and providers through strategic, organizational and operational improvements,
including managed care contracting, alternative reimbursement designs, and clinical
operations improvement. Dr. Rosenberg received his A.B. in Economics from Harvard
University and his M.D. from Yale University School of Medicine. Among other experience,
qualifications, attributes and skills, Dr. Rosenberg’s medical background and healthcare policy
experience led to the conclusion of our Board that he should serve as a director of our
company in light of our business and structure.

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class II Directors – Term Expiring 2016

Paul A. Mieyal

45

2007

  Dr. Mieyal has served as a director of our company since September 2007 and has served as
our Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer, Acting Chief Financial Officer and
Acting Secretary since January 4, 2015. Dr. Mieyal also previously served as our Acting Chief
Executive Officer from April 6, 2010 until April 20, 2012.Dr. Mieyal has been a Vice
President of Wexford Capital LP since October 2006. From January 2000 through September
2006, he was Vice President in charge of healthcare investments for Wechsler & Co., Inc., a
private investment firm and registered broker-dealer. Dr. Mieyal was a director of Nile
Therapeutics, Inc., a publicly traded company, from September 2007 through November 2013.
Dr. Mieyal received his Ph.D. in Pharmacology from New York Medical College, a B.A. in
Chemistry and Psychology from Case Western Reserve University, and is a Chartered
Financial Analyst. Among other experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, Dr. Mieyal’s
pharmacology and chemistry education, his experience in investment banking in the healthcare
industry, as well as his experience serving on boards of directors of other public companies,
led to the conclusion of our Board that he should serve as a director of our company in light of
our business and structure.

Class III Directors – Term Expiring 2017

Daron Evans

41

2013

  Mr. Evans is currently the Chairman of our Board of Directors. Mr. Evans is a life sciences

executive with over 20 years of financial leadership and operational experience. Mr. Evans is
currently Managing Director of PoC Capital, LLC, and a Director of Zumbro Discovery, an
early stage company developing a novel therapy for resistant hypertension. Mr. Evans was
most recently Chief Financial Officer of Nile Therapeutics, Inc., from 2007 until its merger
with Capricor, Inc. in November 2013. From 2006 to 2007, he was Director of Business
Assessment for Vistakon, a division of Johnson & Johnson Corp. From 2004 to 2006, he was
Associate Director of Portfolio Management & Business Analytics at Scios, Inc. after its
acquisition by Johnson & Johnson Corp. Mr. Evans was a co-founder of Applied Neuronal
Network Dynamics, Inc. and served as its President from 2002 to 2004. From 1995 to 2002,
Mr. Evans served in various roles at consulting firms Arthur D. Little and Booz Allen &
Hamilton. Mr. Evans is the author of four U.S. patents. Mr. Evans received his Bachelor of
Science in Chemical Engineering from Rice University, his Master of Science in Biomedical
Engineering from a joint program at the University of Texas at Arlington and Southwestern
Medical School and his MBA from the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University. Among
other experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, Mr. Evans’s extensive operational and
business development experience led to the conclusion of our Board that he should serve as a
director of our company in light of our business and structure.

Lawrence J.
Centella

74

2001

  Mr.  Centella has served as a director of our company since January 2001. Mr. Centella serves

as President of Renal Patient Services, LLC, a company that owns and operates dialysis
centers, and has served in such capacity since June 1998. From 1997 to 1998, Mr. Centella
served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Gambro Healthcare, Inc.,
an integrated dialysis company that manufactured dialysis equipment, supplied dialysis
equipment and operated dialysis clinics. From 1993 to 1997, Mr. Centella served as President
and Chief Executive Officer of Gambro Healthcare Patient Services, Inc. (formerly REN
Corporation). Prior to that, Mr. Centella served as President of COBE Renal Care, Inc.,
Gambro Hospal, Inc., LADA International, Inc. and Gambro, Inc. Mr. Centella is also the
founder of LADA International, Inc. Mr. Centella received a B.S. from DePaul University.
Among other experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, Mr. Centella’s extensive
experience in managing companies engaged in the business of dialysis centers and equipment,
led to the conclusion of our Board that he should serve as a director of our company in light of
our business and structure.

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Executive Officers

We currently have no executive officers other than Paul A. Mieyal, who serves as our Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief
Financial Officer.

On January 4, 2015, John C. Houghton separated from service with the Company as President, Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer of
the Company. Mr. Houghton also resigned as a member of the Board effective January 4, 2015.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act requires our officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of our equity
securities, to file reports of ownership on Form 3 and changes in ownership on Form 4 or Form 5 with the SEC. Officers, directors and 10% stockholders are
also required by SEC rules to furnish us with copies of all such forms that they file. Based solely on a review of the copies of such forms received by us, or
written representations from reporting persons, we believe that during fiscal year 2014, all of our officers, directors and 10% stockholders complied with
applicable Section 16(a) filing requirements except as follows: (i) each of Messrs. Amron, Mieyal, and Centella did not timely file one Form 4 reporting a
grant of stock options and restricted stock by the Board and (ii) Mr. Evans did not timely file one Form 4 related to shares issued to Mr. Evans upon exercise
of nontransferable subscription rights in the March 2014 rights offering.

Code of Ethics and Business Conduct

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, we adopted a Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, which was amended and restated on April 2, 2007, for
our employees, officers and directors that complies with SEC regulations. The Code of Ethics is available free of charge on our website at www.nephros.com,
by clicking on the Investor Relations link, then the Corporate Governance link. We intend to timely disclose any amendments to, or waivers from, our code of
ethics and business conduct that are required to be publicly disclosed pursuant to rules of the SEC by filing such amendment or waiver with the SEC.

Committees

Our Board of Directors has established an Audit Committee and a Compensation Committee. These committees are each governed by a specific charter, each
of which is available on our website at www.nephros.com, by clicking on the Investor Relations link, and then the Corporate Governance link. All members of
these committees are independent directors.

The Board of Directors does not currently have a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee given that the entire Board participates in discussions
and decisions regarding identifying qualified individuals to become Board members, determining the composition of the Board and its committees, in
monitoring a process to assess Board effectiveness and developing and implementing corporate procedures and policies.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee is composed of Daron Evans (Chairman) and Lawrence J. Centella, neither of whom is our employee and each of whom has been
determined by the Board of Directors to be independent under the Nasdaq listing standards. The purpose of the Audit Committee is to: (i) oversee accounting,
auditing, and financial reporting processes; (ii) assess the integrity of our financial statements; (iii) ensure that our internal controls and procedures are
designed to promote compliance with accounting standards and applicable laws and regulations; and (iv) appoint and evaluate the qualifications and
independence of our independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee held four meetings in 2014.

The Board of Directors has determined that all Audit Committee members are financially literate under the current listing standards of Nasdaq. The Board
also determined that Mr. Evans qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, rules
adopted pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 based on his extensive experience previously outlined.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation Committee

During fiscal year 2014, the Compensation Committee was composed of directors Lawrence J. Centella (Chairman) and Paul A. Mieyal. Neither gentleman
was our employee during fiscal year 2014; however, Dr. Mieyal served as Acting Chief Executive Officer from April 6, 2010 until April 20, 2012 and
currently serves as our Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer, as of January 4, 2015. The purpose of the
Compensation Committee is to: (i) assist the Board in discharging its responsibilities with respect to compensation of our executive officers and directors; (ii)
evaluate the performance of our executive officers; (iii) assist the Board in developing succession plans for executive officers; and (iv) administer our stock
and incentive compensation plans and recommend changes in such plans to the Board as needed. The Compensation Committee establishes the compensation
of senior executives on an annual basis. The Compensation Committee held two meetings in 2014.

The Compensation Committee reviews and approves, on an annual basis, the corporate goals and objectives with respect to the compensation of our executive
officers. The Compensation Committee evaluates, at least once a year, our executive officers’ performance in light of these established goals and objectives,
and, based upon these evaluations, recommends to the full Board the annual compensation of such executive officers, including salary, bonus, incentive, and
equity compensation. In reviewing and recommending the compensation of the executive officers, the Compensation Committee may consider the
compensation awarded to officers of similarly situated companies, our performance, the individuals’ performance, compensation given to our executive
officers in past years or any other fact that the Compensation Committee deems appropriate. The Chief Executive Officer does not participate in the
discussions and processes concerning his own compensation and is not present during any discussions regarding his own compensation. The Compensation
Committee also reviews and recommends to the full Board appropriate director compensation programs for service as directors and committee members. The
Compensation Committee has the authority to delegate any of its responsibilities to subcommittees as the Committee may deem appropriate.

Lawrence J. Centella and Paul A. Mieyal served as members of our Compensation Committee during all of 2014. Neither of these individuals was at any time
during 2014 or at any other time an officer or employee of our company, except that Dr. Mieyal served as our Acting Chief Executive Officer until April 20,
2012, during which time he received no employee compensation or employee benefits from us, and Dr. Mieyal currently serves as our Acting President,
Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer, as of January 4, 2015. No interlocking relationship exists between any member of our
Compensation Committee and any member of any other company’s Board of Directors or Compensation Committee.

Selection of Nominees for the Board of Directors

The entire Board is responsible for nominating members for election to the Board and for filling vacancies on the Board that might occur between annual
meetings of the stockholders. The Board is also responsible for identifying, screening, and recommending candidates for prospective Board membership.
When formulating its membership recommendations, the Board also considers any qualified candidate for an open Board position timely submitted by our
stockholders in accordance with our established procedures.

The Board will evaluate and recommend candidates for membership on the Board consistent with criteria, including: personal qualities and characteristics,
accomplishments, and reputation in the business community; financial, regulatory, and business experience; current knowledge and contacts in the industry in
which we do business; ability and willingness to commit adequate time to Board and committee matters; fit of the individual’s skills with those of other
directors and potential directors in building a Board that is effective and responsive to our needs; independence; and any other factors the Board deems
relevant, including diversity of viewpoints, background, experience, and other demographics. In addition, prior to nominating an existing director for re-
election, the Board will consider and review an existing director’s Board and committee attendance and performance; length of Board service; experience,
skills, and contributions that the existing director brings to the Board; and independence.

To identify nominees, the Board will rely on personal contacts as well as its knowledge of persons in our industry. We have not previously used an
independent search firm to identify nominees.

The Board will consider stockholder recommendations of candidates when the recommendations are properly submitted. Stockholder recommendations
should be submitted to us under the procedures discussed in “Procedures For Security Holder Submission of Nominating Recommendations” which is
available on our website at www.nephros.com, by clicking on the Investor Relations link, then the Corporate Governance link. Written notice of any
nomination must be timely delivered to Nephros, Inc., 41 Grand Avenue, River Edge, New Jersey 07661, Attention: Board of Directors, c/o Acting President,
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.

The Board uses a variety of methods for identifying and evaluating non-incumbent candidates for director. The Board regularly assesses the appropriate size
and composition of the Board, the needs of the Board and the respective committees of the Board as well as the qualifications of candidates in light of these
needs. The Board will solicit recommendations for nominees from persons that the Board believes are likely to be familiar with qualified candidates,
including members of the Board, our management or a professional search firm. The evaluation of these candidates may be based solely upon information
provided to the Board or may also include discussions with persons familiar with the candidate, an interview of the candidate or other actions the Board
deems appropriate, including the use of third parties to review candidates.

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 11. Executive Compensation

Executive Compensation

The following table sets forth all compensation earned in the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 by our named executive officers.

Name and Principal Position  

Year

John C. Houghton
President, Chief Executive Officer
and Acting Chief Financial
Officer(4)

2014    $
2013    $

Summary Compensation Table

Bonus
($) (1)

Salary
($)
350,000     
350,000      

Stock
Awards ($)
(2)

Option
Awards ($) (2)   

All Other
Compensation ($)3)   

—     
—    $

—-    $
47,040    $

10,500    $
23,625    $

37,784    $
31,652    $

Total 
($)
398,284 
452,317

(1) The amounts in this column reflect decisions approved by our Compensation Committee and are based on an analysis of the executive’s contribution to

our company during fiscal years 2014 and 2013.

(2) The amount reported is the aggregate grant date fair value of the options granted, computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions
used in determining the grant date fair values of the option awards are set forth in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements set forth elsewhere in
this Annual Report.

(3) See table below for details on “All Other Compensation.”

(4) Mr. Houghton was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer effective April 20, 2012. On August 9, 2013, the Board of Directors of the Company
appointed Mr. Houghton to also serve as the Company’s Acting Chief Financial Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer. Mr. Houghton
separated from service with the Company effective January 4, 2015.

Name

John C. Houghton

All Other Compensation

Matching
401(k) Plan
Contribution
($)

Health Insurance
Paid by Company 
($)

Life Insurance Paid
by Company
($)

Total Other
Compensation
($)

14,000    $
14,000    $

20,520    $
15,732    $

3,264    $
1,920    $

37,784 
31,652 

Year

2014    $
2013    $

Option and Restricted Stock Holdings and Fiscal Year-End Option and Restricted Stock Values

The following table shows information concerning unexercised options and unvested restricted stock awards outstanding as of December 31, 2014 for our
named executive officers.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End 2014

Name
John C. Houghton
John C. Houghton
John C. Houghton
John C. Houghton

Grant Date(1)
April 20, 2012
July 3, 2012
May 23, 2013
February 5, 2014

Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
Exercisable 
(#) (2)

Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
Unexercisable 
(#) (2)

Option
Exercise Price
($)

464,063     
227,941     
9,375     
—     

210,938     
331,550     
28,125     
35,000     

0.95   
1.89   
0.71   
0.71   

Option
Expiration
Date(3)
4/20/22
7/3/22
5/23/23
5/23/23

(1) For better understanding of this table, we have included an additional column showing the grant date of stock options.
(2) As of December 31, 2014, stock options became exercisable in accordance with the vesting schedule below:

Name
John C. Houghton
John C. Houghton
John C. Houghton
John C. Houghton

Grant Date
April 20, 2012
July 3, 2012
May 23, 2013
February 5, 2014

Vesting
14,063 vest monthly until March 20, 2016
6,907 vest monthly until March 20, 2016
9,375 vest annually until May 23, 2017
8,750 vest annually until February 5, 2018

Effective January 4, 2015, in connection with the separation from service of John C. Houghton from all of his positions with the Company, all unvested
options were forfeited. The total unvested and forfeited options equaled 605,613.

(3) Effective January 4, 2015, in connection with the separation from service of John C. Houghton from all of his positions with the Company, the expiration

date for all options was accelerated to April 4, 2015.

Employment and Change in Control Agreements

We have used employment agreements as a means to attract and retain executive officers. These are more fully discussed below. We believe that these
agreements provide our executive officers with the assurance that their employment is a long-term arrangement and provide us with the assurance that the
officers’ services will be available to us for the foreseeable future.

Agreement with Mr. John C. Houghton

Mr. Houghton’s employment with the Company ended January 4, 2015. In connection with his separation from employment with the Company, Mr.
Houghton entered into a Separation Agreement and General Release (the “Agreement”). Pursuant to the Agreement, Mr. Houghton is entitled to six months
severance (equal to six months of his then-current base salary, or a total of $175,000 and is permitted to exercise his vested unexpired stock options for ninety
days following January 4, 2015. During the severance term, Mr. Houghton will be subject to customary non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality
restrictions.

On April 20, 2012, we entered into an Employment Agreement, effective as of April 20, 2012, with Mr. Houghton (“Employment Agreement”). The
Employment Agreement had a term of four years, ending on April 20, 2016. The Employment Agreement provided that Mr. Houghton’s annual base salary
would be $350,000. Mr. Houghton was eligible to receive a target discretionary bonus of 30% of annual base salary, as determined by us. The targets with
respect to the bonus for the year ending December 31, 2012 were mutually agreed upon between Mr. Houghton and the Compensation Committee of the
Board within 60 days following April 20, 2012 and such bonus was appropriately prorated for such annual period. The targets for each subsequent annual
period were to be mutually agreed upon at the beginning of each calendar year between Mr. Houghton and the Compensation Committee.

Upon execution of the Employment Agreement, we granted Mr. Houghton options to purchase 675,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to our 2004
Stock Incentive Plan (the “2004 Plan”). In addition, we were required to grant Mr. Houghton options to purchase an additional 331,550 shares of our common
stock. The Employment Agreement further provided that, subject to Mr. Houghton meeting and maintaining the director eligibility requirements of the Board,
Mr. Houghton would be nominated for election as a director at each stockholders meeting during his employment at which his term as a director would
otherwise expire.

The Employment Agreement provides that upon the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the Employment Agreement), all of Mr. Houghton’s
unvested stock options would vest and become exercisable immediately and, unless all such options were cashed-out in the change in control transaction,
would remain exercisable for a period of not less than 360 days (or the expiration of the stock option term, if sooner), regardless of whether Mr. Houghton’s
employment was terminated in connection with such change in control transaction.

65

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In the event that Mr. Houghton’s employment was terminated by us for “cause” (as defined in the Employment Agreement), then we would pay the earned but
unpaid base salary for services rendered through the date of termination and any and all unvested stock options would automatically be cancelled and
forfeited by Mr. Houghton as of the date of termination.

In the event that Mr. Houghton’s employment was terminated by reason of Mr. Houghton’s death, or by reason of Mr. Houghton’s resignation or retirement
(as to which at least two weeks notice is required), then we would pay to Mr. Houghton only the earned but unpaid base salary for services rendered through
the date of termination. Any and all unvested stock options will automatically be cancelled and forfeited as of the date of Mr. Houghton’s death, resignation or
retirement.

If, as a result of Mr. Houghton’s incapacity due to physical or mental illness, we determined that Mr. Houghton had failed to perform his duties on a full time
basis for either ninety (90) days within any three hundred sixty-five (365) day period or sixty (60) consecutive days, we could terminate his employment
hereunder for “disability”. In that event, we would pay the earned but unpaid base salary for services rendered through such date of termination. Any and all
unvested stock options would be cancelled as of the date of termination. During any period that Mr. Houghton failed to perform his duties as a result of
incapacity due to physical or mental illness, he would continue to receive compensation and benefits provided by the Employment Agreement until his
employment was terminated; provided, however, that the amount of compensation and benefits received during such period would be reduced by the
aggregate amounts, if any, payable under our disability benefit plans and programs or under the Social Security disability insurance program. Additionally, the
vesting of stock options would be tolled during such period and in the event of a termination of the Employment Agreement as a result of disability, any and
all unvested stock options would automatically be cancelled and forfeited as of the date of termination.

In the event that Mr. Houghton’s employment was terminated by us prior to the expiration of the term of the Employment Agreement for any reason other
than as described above or by Mr. Houghton for “good reason” (as defined in the Employment Agreement) any and all unvested stock options would
automatically be cancelled and forfeited by Mr. Houghton as of the date of such termination (except as provided in a change in control), vested stock options
would remain exercisable for ninety (90) days after the date of such termination or the expiration of the stock option term, if sooner (except as otherwise
provided in the event of a change in control), and we would pay to Mr. Houghton any earned but unpaid base salary for services rendered through the date of
termination and continuing payments of severance pay (less applicable withholding taxes) at a rate equal to his base salary rate, as then in effect, for a period
equal to three (3) months (or, when Mr. Houghton has been employed for at least one (1) year, a period equal to six (6) months), to be paid periodically in
accordance with our normal payroll policies; provided that if Mr. Houghton continued to be employed in any capacity by a successor entity following a
change in control, the severance pay that would otherwise be payable would be reduced by the amount of base compensation and guaranteed bonus (if any)
Mr. Houghton received in such capacity during or attributable to the severance term. Payment of any severance benefits would be subject to the execution by
Mr. Houghton of a general release and an agreement to continue to be bound by certain provisions of the Employment Agreement relating to, among others,
non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality.

Mr. Houghton was also subject to non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality covenants during the term of his employment.

2004 Stock Incentive Plan

The 2004 Stock Incentive Plan provides that if there is a change in control, unless the agreement granting an award provides otherwise, all awards under the
2004 Stock Incentive Plan will become vested and exercisable as of the effective date of the change in control. As defined in the 2004 Plan, a change in
control means the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) any “person,” including a “group,” as such terms are defined in sections 13(d) and 14(d) of
the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, whether by purchase or acquisition or agreement
to act in concert or otherwise, of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock; (ii) our complete liquidation; (iii) the sale of all or
substantially all of our assets; or (iv) a majority of the members of our Board of Directors are elected to the Board without having previously been nominated
and approved by a majority of the members of the Board incumbent on the day immediately preceding such election.

401(k) Plan

We have established a 401(k) deferred contribution retirement plan (the “401(k) Plan”) which covers all employees. The 401(k) Plan provides for voluntary
employee contributions of up to 15% of annual earnings, as defined. As of January 1, 2004, we began matching 100% of the first 3% and 50% of the next 2%
of employee earnings to the 401(k) Plan. We contributed and expensed $43,000 and $46,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Director Compensation

For fiscal year 2014, our directors received a $20,000 annual retainer, $1,500 per meeting for each quarterly Board meeting attended and reimbursement for
expenses incurred in connection with serving on our Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board received an annual retainer of $30,000 and $1,800 per
meeting for each quarterly Board meeting attended. The chairperson of our Audit Committee was paid a $10,000 annual retainer and $1,000 per meeting for
meetings of the Audit Committee, with a maximum of eight meetings per year.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We grant each non-employee director who first joins our Board, immediately upon such director joining our Board, the number of options equal to the
product of 0.0011 multiplied by the total number of outstanding shares of common stock of the Company on a fully-diluted basis. The exercise price per share
will be equal to the fair market value price per share of our common stock on the date of grant. We will also grant annually to each non-employee director the
number of options equal to the product of 0.0006 multiplied by the total number of outstanding shares of common stock of the company on a fully-diluted
basis. The exercise price per share will be equal to the fair market value price per share of our common stock on the date of grant. These non-employee
director options vest in three equal installments on each of the date of grant and the first and second anniversaries thereof.

Our executive officers do not receive additional compensation for service as directors if any of them so serve.

The following table shows the compensation earned by each of our non-employee directors for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Non-Employee Director Compensation in Fiscal Year 2014

Name

Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash

Restricted Stock
Awards(1)

    Option Awards(2)  

Total

Arthur H. Amron(8)
Paul A. Mieyal(8)
Lawrence J. Centella
Daron Evans
Matthew Rosenberg

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

-0-    $
-0-    $
-0-    $
-0-    $
-0-    $

21,840    $
21,840    $
21,840    $
37,147    $
10,920    $

10,905(3)  $
10,905(4)  $
  $
30,898(6)  $
34,151(7)  $

10,9055)

32,745 
32,745 
32,745 
68,045 
45,071 

(1) Director fees owed as of September 30, 2014 were paid in restricted stock awards in lieu of a cash payment.

(2) The amount reported is the aggregate grant date fair value of the options granted, computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions

used in determining the grant date fair values of these awards are set forth in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements set forth elsewhere in this
Annual Report.

(3) Options granted for services rendered by Mr. Amron totaled 80,348 options at December 31, 2014.

(4) Options granted for services rendered by Dr. Mieyal totaled 80,348 options at December 31, 2014.

(5) Options granted for services rendered by Mr. Centella totaled 109,098 options at December 31, 2014.

(6) Options granted for services rendered by Mr. Evans totaled 75,361 options at December 31, 2014.

(7) Options granted for services rendered by Mr. Rosenberg totaled 48,864 options at December 31, 2014.

(8) At the request of Messrs. Amron and Mieyal, their respective options and director fees were directed to Wexford Capital LP.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

Lawrence J. Centella and Paul A. Mieyal served as members of our Compensation Committee during all of 2014. Neither of these individuals was at any time
during 2014 or at any other time an officer or employee of our company, except that Dr. Mieyal served as our Acting Chief Executive Officer until April 20,
2012, during which time he received no employee compensation or employee benefits from us, and Dr. Mieyal currently serves as our Acting President,
Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer, as of January 4, 2015. No interlocking relationship exists between any member of our
Compensation Committee and any member of any other company’s Board of Directors or Compensation Committee.

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2014 about compensation plans under which shares of our common stock may be issued to
employees, consultants or members of our Board of Directors upon exercise of options or warrants. Our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2014
consisted of our Amended and Restated Nephros 2000 Equity Incentive Plan and our Nephros, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Prior Plans”). All of our
employees and directors were eligible to participate in the Prior Plans. The Prior Plans are both expired and no further equity is granted under the Prior Plans.
Our Prior Plans were approved by our stockholders.

On March 26, 2015, our Board approved the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”). The 2015 Plan is not reflected in the table below.

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by our
stockholders 
Equity compensation plans not approved by our
stockholders(1)

Total

(a) 
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options, warrants
and rights

(b) 
Weighted-average exercise
price of outstanding
options, warrants and
rights

(c) 
Number of securities remaining available
for issuance under equity compensation
plans (excluding securities reflected in
column (a))

2,140,684    $

0.91     

331,550    $
2,472,184     

1.69     

2,054,799 

- 
2,054,799 

(1) On July 3, 2012, the Company granted Mr. Houghton an option to purchase 331,550 shares of common stock of the company, under a Non-qualified
Stock Option Agreement, dated July 3, 2012, between Mr. Houghton and the Company, in connection with his appointment as the President and Chief
Executive Officer. The terms of this Non-qualified Stock Option Agreement are substantially similar to the terms of the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. The
options granted to Mr. Houghton pursuant to this agreement vest in equal monthly installments over four years commencing on April 20, 2012, the date
Mr.  Houghton  was  appointed;  provided  that  Mr.  Houghton  remains  employed  by  the  company  at  such  time.  In  connection  with  the  separation  from
service of John C. Houghton from all of his positions with the Company, all unvested options were forfeited on January 4, 2015.

Stock Ownership of Management and Principal Shareholders

The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of April 14, 2015, by (i) each person known to us to own beneficially more
than five percent (5%) of our common stock, based on such persons’ or entities’ filings with the SEC as of that date; (ii) each director and executive officer;
and (iii) all directors and executive officers as a group:

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner

  Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership    Percentage of Class (1) 

Lambda Investors LLC(2)
Arthur H. Amron(3)
Lawrence J. Centella(4)
John C. Houghton(5)
Daron Evans(6)
Paul A. Mieyal(7)
Matthew Rosenberg(8)
All executive officers and directors as a group(3) – (8)

29,990,870     
145,373     
246,959     
775,517     
167,518     
145,373     
622,271     
1,728,014     

60%
* 
* 
2%
* 
* 
1%
3%

* Represents less than 1% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.

(1) Applicable percentage ownership is based on 30,393,640 shares of common stock outstanding as of April 14, 2015, together with applicable options and
warrants  for  each  stockholder.  Beneficial  ownership  is  determined  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  the  SEC,  based  on  factors  including  voting  and
investment power with respect to shares. Common stock subject to options and warrants exercisable on or within 60 days after April 14, 2015 are deemed
outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of the person holding those options or warrants, but not for computing the percentage
ownership of any other person.

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
   
      
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
(2) Based in part on information provided in a Form 4 filed on December 22, 2014. The shares beneficially owned by Lambda Investors may be deemed
beneficially  owned  by  Wexford  Capital  LP,  which  is  the  managing  member  of  Lambda  Investors, Wexford  GP  LLC,  which  is  the  General  Partner  of
Wexford Capital LP, by Charles E. Davidson in his capacity as Chairman and managing member of Wexford Capital LP and by Joseph M. Jacobs in his
capacity as President and managing member of Wexford Capital LP. The address of each of Lambda Investors LLC, Wexford Capital LP, Mr. Davidson
and  Mr.  Jacobs  is  c/o  Wexford  Capital  LP,  411  West  Putnam Avenue,  Greenwich,  CT  06830.  Each  of  Wexford  Capital  LP,  Wexford  GP  LLC,  Mr.
Davidson  and  Mr.  Jacobs  disclaims  beneficial  ownership  of  the  shares  of  Common  Stock  owned  by  Lambda  Investors  except,  in  the  case  of  Mr.
Davidson  and  Mr.  Jacobs,  to  the  extent  of  their  respective  interests  in  each  member  of  Lambda  Investors.  Includes  11,742,100  shares  issuable  upon
exercise of warrants held by Lambda Investors having an exercise price of $0.30 per share and 2,782,576 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants held
by Lambda Investors having an exercise price of $0.40 per share. Lambda Investors is controlled by Wexford Capital LP. Arthur H. Amron, one of our
directors, is a Partner and General Counsel of Wexford Capital LP. Paul A. Mieyal, one of our directors and our Acting President, Acting Chief Executive
Officer, and Acting Chief Financial Officer, is a Vice President of Wexford Capital LP.

(3) Mr. Amron’s address is c/o Wexford Capital LP, 411 West Putnam Avenue, Greenwich, CT 06830. The shares identified as being beneficially owned by
Mr. Amron consist of: (i) 73,891 shares of restricted stock granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan; and (ii) 71,482 shares issuable upon exercise of
options granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. Does not include 8,866 shares issuable upon the exercise of options which have been granted under
our Stock Incentive Plans but will not vest within 60 days of April 14, 2015.

(4) Mr. Centella’s address is the company address: 41 Grand Avenue, River Edge, New Jersey 07661. The shares identified as being beneficially owned by
Mr. Centella consist of: (i) 72,836 shares of common stock; (ii) 73,891 shares of restricted stock granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan; and (iii)
100,232 shares issuable upon exercise of options granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. Does not include 8,866 shares issuable upon the exercise
of options which have been granted under our Stock Incentive Plans but will not vest within 60 days of April 14, 2015.

(5) Mr. Houghton’s address is the company address: 41 Grand Avenue, River Edge, New Jersey 07661. The shares identified as being beneficially owned by
Mr. Houghton consist of: (i) 66,254 shares of restricted stock granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan; and (ii) 701,378 shares issuable upon exercise
of options granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan.

(6) Mr. Evans’ address is the company address: 41 Grand Avenue, River Edge, New Jersey 07661. The shares identified as being beneficially owned by Mr.
Evans consist of: (i) 74,084 shares of common stock; and (ii) 50,241 shares issuable upon exercise of options granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive
Plan. Does not include 25,120 shares issuable upon the exercise of options which have been granted under our Stock Incentive Plans but will not vest
within 60 days of April 14, 2015.

(7) Dr. Mieyal’s address is c/o Wexford Capital LP, 411 West Putnam Avenue, Greenwich, CT 06830. The shares identified as being beneficially owned by
Dr. Mieyal consist of: (i) 73,891 shares of restricted stock granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan; and (ii) 71,482 shares issuable upon exercise of
options granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. Does not include 8,866 shares issuable upon the exercise of options which have been granted under
our Stock Incentive Plans but will not vest within 60 days of April 14, 2015.

(8) Mr. Rosenberg’s address is the company address: 41 Grand Avenue, River Edge, New Jersey 07661. The shares identified as being beneficially owned by
Mr. Rosenberg consist of: (i) 202,000 shares of common stock; and (ii) 12,698 shares of restricted stock granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan; and
(iii)  32,576  shares  issuable  upon  exercise  of  options  granted  under  the  2004  Stock  Incentive  Plan.  Does  not  include  16,288  shares  issuable  upon  the
exercise of options which have been granted under our Stock Incentive Plans but will not vest within 60 days of April 14, 2015.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

On February 4, 2013, the Company issued a senior secured note to Lambda Investors LLC in the principal amount of $1.3 million. The note bore interest at
the rate of 12% per annum and was scheduled to mature on August 4, 2013, at which time all principal and accrued interest was due. However, the Company
paid  amounts  due  under  the  note,  including  all  accrued  interest  thereon  of  $46,800,  on  May  22,  2013  with  the  cash  proceeds  from  the  May  2013  rights
offering.  In  connection  with  the  note,  the  Company  paid  Lambda  Investors  an  8%,  or  $104,000,  sourcing/transaction  fee.  In  addition,  the  Company  paid
Lambda Investors’ legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with the note in the amount of $50,000 as well as Lambda Investors’ legal fees and
other  expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  the  May  2013  rights  offering  in  the  amount  of  $50,000.  Those  payments  totaling  $204,000  are  reflected  as
amortization of debt discount.

On November 12, 2013, the Company issued a senior secured note to Lambda Investors LLC in the principal amount of $1.5 million. The note bore interest at
the rate of 12% per annum and was scheduled to mature on May 12, 2014, at which time all principal and accrued interest was due. However, the Company
paid amounts due under the note, including all accrued interest thereon of $61,000, on March 18, 2014 with the cash proceeds from the March 2014 rights
offering.  In  connection  with  the  note,  the  Company  paid  Lambda  Investors  an  8%,  or  $120,000,  sourcing/transaction  fee.  In  addition,  the  Company  paid
Lambda  Investors’  legal  fees  and  other  expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  the  note  in  the  amount  of  $75,000.  Those  payments  totaling  $195,000  were
made on November 12, 2013 and are reflected as a debt discount which is being amortized over the term of the senior secured note. Approximately $142,000
and $53,000, respectively, are included in interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the years ended December
31, 2014 and 2013.

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On August 29, 2014, the Company issued a senior secured note to Lambda, in the principal amount of $1.75 million. The note bore interest at the rate of 12%
per annum and was scheduled to mature on February 28, 2015, at which time all principal and accrued interest was due. However, the Company paid all
amounts due under the note on December 18, 2014 with the cash proceeds from the rights offering that closed in December 2014. In connection with the note,
the Company incurred an 8%, or $140,000, sourcing/transaction fee with Lambda. In addition, the Company incurred additional legal fees and other expenses
in  connection  with  the  note  in  the  amount  of  $38,000  with  Lambda.  Those  payments  totaling  $178,000  were  initially  reflected  as  a  debt  discount  and
amortized  over  the  term  of  the  note.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014,  $178,000  is  included  in  interest  expense  on  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations and comprehensive loss.

As  of  April  14,  2015,  Lambda  Investors  is  our  largest  stockholder  and  beneficially  owns  approximately  50%  of  our  outstanding  common  stock  and,  on  a
fully-diluted basis, owns approximately 60% of our outstanding common stock. The warrants held by Lambda Investors have an exercise price of $0.30 or
$0.40  per  share  and  certain  warrants  have  full  ratchet  anti-dilution  protection.  In  connection  with  the  August  2014  senior  note,  we  agreed  to  extend  the
expiration date of the existing warrants held by Lambda Investors to March 21, 2019.

In connection with the February 2013 loan, the November 2013 loan and the August 2014 loan from Lambda Investors, we entered into registration rights
agreements  with  Lambda  Investors  pursuant  to  which  we  will  file  a  registration  statement  on  Form  S-1  covering  the  resale  by  Lambda  Investors  of  the
common stock underlying shares sold to Lambda Investors. Under these registration rights agreements, we will pay all of the expenses, including reasonable
legal fees, of Lambda Investors in connection with such registration statement and resale of shares by Lambda Investors under such registration statement,
which may be in an underwritten public offering. We will be obligated to use our reasonable best efforts to keep such registration statement continuously
effective  until  such  time  as  all  the  securities  registered  on  such  registration  statement  have  been  sold  or  are  eligible  for  sale  without  restriction  under  the
applicable securities laws.

The shares beneficially owned by Lambda Investors may be deemed beneficially owned by Wexford Capital LP, which is the managing member of Lambda
Investors. Arthur H. Amron, a director of Nephros, is a partner and general counsel of Wexford Capital. Paul A. Mieyal, a director of Nephros and the current
Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer, is a vice president of Wexford Capital. During 2014 and 2013, at the
request of Messrs. Amron and Mieyal, fees and options in the aggregate amount of approximately $65,490 and $45,752, respectively, earned in respect of
services they rendered to the company were directed to Wexford Capital LP.

Director Independence

Our Board of Directors has determined that all of the current directors are “independent” within the meaning of the Nasdaq independence standard, other than
Mr. Mieyal, who currently serves as the Company’s Acting President, CEO and CFO.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

On June 30, 2014, KPMG LLP acquired certain assets of Rothstein-Kass, P.A. (d/b/a Rothstein Kass & Company, P.C.) and certain of its affiliates (“Rothstein
Kass”), the independent registered public accounting firm that had been engaged by Nephros, Inc. (the “Company”) as the principal accountant to audit the
Company's consolidated financial statements. As a result of this transaction, Rothstein Kass resigned as the independent registered public accounting firm for
the Company, effective June 30, 2014. The audit reports of Rothstein Kass on the Company's consolidated financial statements for the years ended December
31,  2013  and  2012  did  not  contain  an  adverse  opinion  or  a  disclaimer  of  opinion,  and  were  not  qualified  or  modified  as  to  uncertainty,  audit  scope  or
accounting principles, except for an explanatory paragraph describing the uncertainty as to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.

During  the  Company's  two  most  recent  fiscal  years  ended  December  31,  2013  and  through  the  subsequent  interim  period  preceding  Rothstein  Kass'
resignation,  the  Company  did  not  have  any  disagreements  with  Rothstein  Kass  on  any  matter  of  accounting  principles  or  practices,  financial  statement
disclosure,  or  auditing  scope  or  procedure,  which  disagreements,  if  not  resolved  to  the  satisfaction  of  Rothstein  Kass,  would  have  caused  them  to  make
reference to the subject matter of the disagreements in connection with their reports. In addition, during the two most recent fiscal years ended December 31,
2013 and through the subsequent interim period preceding Rothstein Kass' resignation, no reportable events, as set forth in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-
K, have occurred.

On July 7, 2014, the Audit Committee of the Company's Board of Directors approved the engagement of, and engaged, WithumSmith+Brown, PC (WS+B) as
the Company's new principal independent certified public accountants to audit the Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ending December
31, 2014.

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WS+B and before it, Rothstein Kass, our principal independent accountants, provided audit and non-audit services to the Company in 2014 and 2013, which
are described below. WS+B conducted the year-end audit for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, while Rothstein Kass completed the prior year's audit.
We have been advised by both WS+B and Rothstein Kass that neither that the two firms nor any of its associates has any relationship with our Company or its
subsidiaries other than the usual relationship that exists between independent accountants and clients.

Summary of Auditor Fees and Pre-Approval Policy

In accordance with its charter, the Audit Committee approves in advance all audit and non-audit services to be provided by our registered independent public
accounting  firm. Although  the  Audit  Committee  does  not  have  formal  pre-approval  policies  and  procedures  in  place,  it  pre-approved  all  of  the  services
performed by WS+B during fiscal year 2014.

Audit Fees

Fees billed for audit services by WS+B totaled approximately $125,000 in connection with the June 30, 2014, September 30, 2014 interim reviews and the
December 31, 2014 year-end audit. The audit fees for Rothstein Kass were approximately $125,000 for the year ended December 31, 2013 audit and interim
reviews and approximately $15,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2014.

Audit-Related Fees

During the year ended December 31, 2014, we were billed approximately $12,500 by WS+B for audit-related services in connection with the registration
statement filings.

Our Audit Committee has considered whether, and determined that, the provision of the non-audit services rendered to us during 2014 was compatible with
maintaining the independence of WS+B.

Tax Fees

There were no tax services provided by WS+B and Rothstein Kass for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

All Other Fees

We did not engage WS+B or Rothstein Kass to provide any information technology services or any other services during the fiscal years ended December 31,
2014 and 2013, respectively.

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a) Documents filed as part of this report:

(1) Consolidated Financial Statements of Nephros, Inc.

Reports of independent registered public accounting firms.
Consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 (as restated).
Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 (as restated).
Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ deficit for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 (as restated).
Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 (as restated).
Notes to consolidated financial statements.

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Exhibits:

Exhibit
No.
3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

EXHIBIT INDEX

Description
  Fourth  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  Registrant,  incorporated  by  reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  Registration

Statement on Form S-8 (Reg. No. 333-127264), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 5, 2005.

  Certificate of Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, incorporated by reference to
Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended June 30, 2007, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on August 13, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

  Certificate of Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, incorporated by reference to
Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended June 30, 2007, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on August 13, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

  Certificate  of  Amendment  to  the  Fourth  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  Registrant  as  filed  with  the  Delaware
Secretary of State on November 13, 2007, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter
ended September 30, 2007, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 13, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

  Certificate  of  Amendment  to  the  Fourth  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  Registrant  as  filed  with  the  Delaware
Secretary of State on October 26, 2009, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 333-
162781), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 30, 2009.

  Certificate  of  Amendment  to  the  Fourth  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  Registrant  as  filed  with  the  Delaware
Secretary of State on March 10, 2011, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2011.

  Certificate  of  Amendment  to  the  Fourth  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  Registrant  as  filed  with  the  Delaware
Secretary of State on March 11, 2011, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2011.

3.8

  Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed

with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

4.1

  Specimen of Common Stock Certificate of the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration

Statement on Form S-1/A (Reg. No. 333-116162), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 20, 2004.

4.4

  Form of Class D Warrant, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange

Commission on September 25, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

4.6

  Form  of  Investor  Warrant  issued  on  July  24,  2009,  incorporated  by  reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the

quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2009.

4.7

  Form of Warrant Certificate, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 333-169728), filed

with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 1, 2010.

4.8

  Form  of  Warrant  Agreement  between  Nephros,  Inc.  and  Continental  Stock  Transfer  &  Trust  Company,  incorporated  by  reference  to
Nephros, Inc.’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (Reg. No. 333-169728), filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on November 8, 2010.

4.9

  Form of Subscription Rights Certificate, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 333-

169728), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 1, 2010.

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
4.10

  Form of Subscription Rights Certificate, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form

S-1/A (Reg. No. 333-199483 ), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2014.

4.11

  Form of Subscription Agent Agreement, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form

S-1/A (Reg. No. 333-199483 ), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2014.

10.2

  2004 Nephros Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-

1/A (Reg. No. 333-116162), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 20, 2004. †

10.3

  Amendment No. 1 to 2004 Nephros Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8

(Reg. No. 333-127264), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 5, 2005. †

10.4

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.16

10.18

  Amendment No. 2 to the Nephros, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-QSB for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 13, 2007 (SEC File
No. 001-32288).

  Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 19, 2007, among Nephros and the Holders, incorporated by reference to Nephros,
Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 25, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

  License  Agreement,  dated  October  1,  2007,  between  the  Trustees  of  Columbia  University  in  the  City  of  New  York,  and  Nephros,
incorporated  by  reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-KSB  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2007,  filed  with  the
Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2008 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

  Lease Agreement between Nephros, Inc. and 41 Grand Avenue, LLC dated as of November 20, 2008, incorporated by reference to Nephros,
Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 20, 2008 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

  Amendment No. 3 to the Nephros, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-
K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2008,  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  March  31,  2009  (SEC  File  No.  001-
32288). †

  Form  of  Registration  Rights  Agreement,  dated  as  of  September  30,  2010,  by  and  between  the  Registrant  and  Lambda  Investors  LLC,
incorporated  by  reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1  (Reg.  No.  333-169728),  filed  with  the  Securities  and
Exchange Commission on October 1, 2010.

10.19

  Amendment  No.  4  to  the  Nephros,  Inc.  2004  Stock  Incentive  Plan,  incorporated  by  reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  2011  Proxy  Statement

(Exhibit A), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2010. †

10.21

  License Agreement, entered into as of July 1, 2011 by and between Nephros, Inc. and Bellco S.r.l., incorporated by reference to Nephros,

Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 27, 2011.

10.22

  License and Supply Agreement dated as of April 23, 2012 between Nephros, Inc. and Medica S.p.A., incorporated by reference to Nephros,

Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 2012.

10.23

  Employment Agreement dated as of April 20, 2012 between Nephros, Inc. and John C. Houghton, incorporated by reference to Nephros,

Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 2012. †

10.24

  Non-qualified  Stock  Option  Agreement  made  as  of  July  3,  2012  by  Nephros,  Inc.  and  John  C.  Houghton,  incorporated  by  reference  to
Nephros,  Inc.’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the  quarter  ended  September  30,  2012,  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange
Commission on November 9, 2012. †

10.25

  Senior Secured Note, dated February 4, 2013, issued to Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Registration

Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 333-187036), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 4, 2013.

10.26

10.27

  Registration  Rights  Agreement,  dated  February  4,  2013,  by  and  between  Nephros,  Inc.  and  Lambda  Investors  LLC,  incorporated  by
reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1  (Reg.  No.  333-187036),  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange
Commission on March 4, 2013.

  Security Agreement, dated as of February 4, 2013, by and between Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated by reference to
Nephros, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 333-187036), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March
4, 2013.

74

 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
10.28

10.29

  Intellectual Property Security Agreement, dated as of February 4, 2013, made by Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated by
reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1  (Reg.  No.  333-187036),  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange
Commission on March 4, 2013.

  First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of May 23, 2013, by and between Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC,
incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August
13, 2013.

10.30

  Amendment No. 6 to Nephros, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan dated June 14, 2013, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly

Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2013.

10.31

  Senior  Secured  Note,  dated  November  12,  2013,  issued  to  Lambda  Investors  LLC,  incorporated  by  reference  to  Nephros,  Inc.’s  Current

Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2013.

10.32

  Registration  Rights  Agreement,  dated  November  12,  2013,  by  and  between  Nephros,  Inc.  and  Lambda  Investors  LLC,  incorporated  by

reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2013.

10.33

  Security Agreement, dated as of November 12, 2013, by and between Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated by reference

to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2013.

10.34

  Intellectual Property Security Agreement, dated as of November 12, 2013, made by Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated
by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2013.

10.35

  First Amendment to License Agreement, dated as of February 19, 2014, by and between Nephros, Inc. and Bellco S.r.l., incorporated by

reference to Nephros, Inc’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 25, 2014.

10.36

  First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 14, 2014, by and between Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC,
incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on May 14, 2014.

10.37

  Senior Secured Note, dated August 29, 2014, issued to Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report

on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 3, 2014.

10.38

  Registration  Rights  Agreement,  dated  August  29,  2014,  by  and  between  Nephros,  Inc.  and  Lambda  Investors  LLC,  incorporated  by

reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 3, 2014.

10.39

  Security Agreement, dated as of August 29, 2014, by and between Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated by reference to

Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 3, 2014.

10.40

  Intellectual Property Security Agreement, dated as of August 29, 2014, made by Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors LLC, incorporated by

reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 3, 2014.

10.41

  First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 23, 2014, by and between Nephros, Inc. and Lambda Investors
LLC, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2014, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on November 13, 2014.

14.1

  Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, as amended on April 2, 2007, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-

K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 6, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

21.1

  Subsidiaries of Registrant, incorporated by reference to Nephros, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31,

2006, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 10, 2007 (SEC File No. 001-32288).

23.1

  Consent of WithumSmith + Brown PC Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. *

23.2

  Consent of Rothstein Kass Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. *

75

 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
24.1

  Power of Attorney. (included on the signature page)

31.1

  Certification by the Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

of 2002. *

32.1

  Certification  by  the  Acting  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Acting  Chief  Financial  Officer  Pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as

adopted  pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. *

101

  Interactive Data File. *

*
†

Filed herewith.
Management contract or compensatory plan arrangement.

76

 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on

its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Date: April 15, 2015

NEPHROS, INC.

By:

/s/ Paul A. Mieyal

Name: Paul A. Mieyal
Title: Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief
Financial Officer, and Director (Principal Executive Officer and Principal
Financial and Accounting Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY

We,  the  undersigned  directors  and  officers  of  Nephros,  Inc.,  hereby  severally  constitute  and  lawfully  appoint  Paul  A.  Mieyal,  our  true  and  lawful
attorney-in-fact with full power to him to sign for us, in our names in the capacities indicated below, the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2014 of Nephros, Inc. and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto, and all other documents in
connection  therewith,  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  granting  unto  said  attorney-in-fact  and  agent,  full  power  and  authority  to  do  and
perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as such person might or could do in person,
hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by
virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the

Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature
/s/ Paul A. Mieyal

Paul A. Mieyal

  Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial
Officer, and Director (Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer)

Title

/s/ Arthur H. Amron

  Director

Arthur H. Amron

/s/ Lawrence J. Centella

  Director

Lawrence J. Centella

/s/ Daron Evans

  Chairman, Director

Daron Evans

/s/ Matthew S. Rosenberg

  Director

Matthew S. Rosenberg

77

Date
April 15, 2015

April 15, 2015

April 15, 2015

April 15, 2015

April 15, 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements of Nephros, Inc. on Form S-8 (Registration Statements No. 333-127264 and No.
333-148236 and No. 333-188592) pertaining to the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, of our report, dated April 15, 2015 (which includes an explanatory paragraph
relating to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern), relating to the consolidated balance sheet of Nephros, Inc. as of December 31, 2014, and the
related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, changes in stockholders' deficit, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2014
and the adjustments described in Note 2 that were applied to restate the 2013 financial statements to correct an error.

Exhibit 23.1

/s/ WithumSmith+Brown PC

Morristown, New Jersey
April 15, 2015 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements of Nephros, Inc. on Form S-8 (Registration Statements No. 333-127264 and No.
333-148236 and No. 333-188592) pertaining to the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, of our report, dated March 27, 2014 (which includes an explanatory paragraph
relating to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern), relating to the consolidated balance sheet of Nephros, Inc. as of December 31, 2013, and the
related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, changes in stockholders' deficit, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013,
before the effects of the adjustments for the correction of the error described in Note 2.

Exhibit 23.2

/s/ Rothstein Kass

Roseland, New Jersey
April 15, 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF THE ACTING CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND ACTING CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Paul A. Mieyal, certify that:

Exhibit 31.1

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(5)

(a)

(b)

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Nephros, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to
make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this report;

Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  report,  fairly  present  in  all  material
respects, the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-
15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within
those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our  conclusions  about  the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most
recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of the annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely
to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit
committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal
control over financial reporting.

Dated:  April 15, 2015

/s/ Paul A. Mieyal
Paul A. Mieyal
Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer
and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE ACTING CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND ACTING CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  of  Nephros,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  December  31,  2014  as  filed  with  the
Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  “Report”),  I,  Paul  A.  Mieyal,  President,  Acting  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Acting  Chief
Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to
my knowledge:

(1)

(2)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The  information  contained  in  the  Report  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  of  the
Company.

Dated:  April 15, 2015

/s/ Paul A. Mieyal
Paul A. Mieyal
Acting President, Acting Chief Executive Officer and Acting
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer
and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)