POSITIONED
FOR GROWTH
615 MERRICK AVENUE, WESTBURY, NEW YORK 11590
www.myNYCB.com
ir@myNYCB.com
(516) 683 - 4420
2014 ANNUAL REPORT
N E W YO RK COMMU N I T Y BAN CO RP, I N C.
New York Community Bancorp, Inc. (NYSE: NYCB) is a top-performing financial
institution with assets of $48.6 billion, deposits of $28.3 billion, and a market cap of $7.1 billion
at December 31, 2014.
At the end of 1993, we were a $1.1 billion savings bank with seven branches in two
counties. Today, we serve our customers through two banks with eight divisions and 272
branches in five states. Established in 1859, New York Community Bank is a New York State-
chartered savings bank with 242 branches in Metro New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Florida, and
Arizona. Established in 2005, and also New York State-chartered, New York Commercial Bank
has 30 branches in Metro New York.
Our growth, as well as our success, has stemmed from a business model that has served
our shareholders well:
We are a leading producer of multi-family loans for portfolio in New York City—and the
only consistent lender in this niche for over 40 years. The majority of the multi-family loans
we produce are secured by non-luxury apartment buildings that are rent-regulated and
feature below-market rents. At December 31, 2014, multi-family loans represented $23.8
billion, or 72.2%, of our non-covered loans held for investment, and accounted for $7.6
billion, or 68.9%, of the non-covered held-for-investment loans we produced during the year.
Our emphasis on this lending niche is closely aligned with our focus on quality assets,
which also is supported by the conservative underwriting standards we maintain. The
result is best reflected in our asset quality measures—not only those recorded during
robust economic cycles, but also during times of economic distress. In 2014, we recorded
net charge-offs of $2.1 million, which represented a modest 0.01% of our average loans.
Our measures of efficiency are another Company hallmark and speak clearly to our focus
on profitability. Our efficiency ratio was 43.16% in 2014—above our 21-year average, yet
substantially better than the average for our industry.
We also attribute our success to our aptitude for post-merger integration, with ten earnings-
accretive transactions completed from 2000 to 2010. While five years have passed since
then, they too were highly productive, as we set the stage to become a larger institution
and to comply with the regulatory expectations of a $50+ billion bank holding company.
We invite you to learn more about the Company, our 2014 performance, and the
actions we’ve taken that lead us to say we are positioned for growth.
IN 2014, WE GREW OUR ASSETS, DEPOSITS,
AND EARNINGS—AND POSITIONED OURSELVES FOR STILL
FURTHER GROWTH IN THE YEARS AHEAD.
TOTAL ASSETS
$48.6
B I L L I O N
LOANS HELD
FOR INVESTMENT
$33.0
B I L L I O N
MULTI-FAMILY LOANS
$23.8
B I L L I O N
We grew our assets
4.0% to $48.6 billion.(1)
We grew our portfolio of
loans held for investment
10.7% to $33.0 billion.(1)
We grew our multi-family
loan portfolio 15.1% to
$23.8 billion.(1)(2)
TOTAL DEPOSITS
$28.3
B I L L I O N
HELD-FOR-INVESTMENT
LOAN PRODUCTION
MULTI-FAMILY
LOAN PRODUCTION
$11.0
B I L L I O N
$7.6
B I L L I O N
We grew our deposits
10.4% to $28.3 billion.(1)
We originated $11.0
billion of loans held
for Investment.(3)
We originated a
record $7.6 billion of
multi-family loans.(2)(3)
EARNINGS
DIVIDENDS
$485.4
M I L L I O N
82
Q U A R T E R S
TOTAL RETURN
ON INVESTMENT
4,319%
We grew our earnings
to $485.4 million, or
$1.09 per diluted share.(3)
We paid our 82nd con-
secutive quarterly cash
dividend.(4)
We provided our
charter investors with a
total return of 4,319%.(5)
(1) From 12/31/2013 to 12/31/2014.
(2) All multi-family loans are held-for-investment loans.
(3) In the twelve months ended 12/31/2014.
(4) In the fourth quarter of 2014.
(5) From our IPO on 11/23/1993 through 12/31/2014.
NYCB | 01
FELLOW
SHAREHOLDERS:
Growth has been a frequent theme in our investor communications—
a fitting choice, given how much we’ve evolved over the past 21 years.
From the very start of our public life,
growth has been our intention—not for the
sake of growth itself or for any reason other
than that of providing a solid return to those
who would own our shares.
Much of the growth we’ve achieved
since then has been through acquisitions:
ten, in fact, from November 2000 to March
2010. During that time, our assets rose from
$1.9 billion to $42.4 billion, our deposits rose
from $3.3 billion to $22.7 billion, and our
franchise expanded from seven branches
to 272.
Acquisitions have fueled our deposit
growth and funded our loan production;
they’ve augmented our product menu, as
well as our revenue stream. They’ve greatly
expanded our franchise and paved our
way into new markets; they’ve brought us
new directors and enhanced our manage-
ment team.
They’ve fueled the growth of our earn-
ings, as well as our book value, and they’ve
also been the catalyst for our strongest
returns.
While five years have come and gone
since our last acquisition, we believe it would
be wrong to infer that those years were not
well spent. During that time, we continued
to grow in obvious ways—see our balance
sheet, for example—as well as in less obvi-
ous ways that have set the stage for our
future growth. In the pages ahead, we’ll first
take a look at our financial achievements,
and then at the important organizational
advances we’ve made.
DEEPENING our
MULTI-FAMILY LENDING NICHE
First, we increased our share of multi-family
loans in New York City—a market we’ve been
lending in for more than 40 years. From 2010 to
2014, the volume of multi-family loans we pro-
duced exceeded $29 billion, including $7.6 billion
in the last year alone. In addition to establishing
a new record for originations, our 2014 volume
demonstrates our leadership in a market that is
both highly attractive and highly competitive. At
December 31, 2014, multi-family loans represented
$23.8 billion, or 72.2%, of our non-covered loans
held for investment, exceeding the year-earlier
balance by $3.1 billion, or 15.1%.
The majority of the multi-family loans we
produce are secured by non-luxury apartment
buildings that are rent-regulated and feature
below-market rents. Our emphasis on this lending
niche is based on its characteristics. First, the build-
ings that secure our loans tend to retain their tenants
in adverse credit cycles, making it far more likely
that the cash flows produced by these buildings
will be maintained. Because we base the loans we
make on cash flows that are current—rather than
prospective—we are far less likely to experience
a loss when the credit cycle turns.
Next, the cost of producing multi-family loans
is less than that of producing other assets; they also
are less costly to service than certain other types
of loans. Third, the majority of our borrowers are
long-term property owners who tend to refinance
their buildings fairly often—in fact, most of them
refinance their loans within three to five years. Our
multi-family loans are specifically structured to
capitalize on this practice, which has not changed
much in all the years we’ve been lending in this
niche. The prepayment penalty income we receive
when a loan prepays can be substantial: From
2010 to 2014, it accounted for $453.2 million of our
net interest income, including $86.8 million in the
last year alone.
02 | NYCB
DIVERSIFYING our ASSET MIX
and our REVENUES
In 2010, we launched what was, for us, a new
line of business: producing and aggregating one-
to-four family loans for sale, servicing retained.
It didn’t take long before we ranked among the
nation’s top 20 aggregators, based on the volume
of one-to-four family loans we produced, aggre-
gated, and sold. From 2010 to 2014, we produced
145,852 loans for sale, totaling $38.0 billion, enabling
homeowners in all 50 states to purchase or refinance
their homes.
The mortgage banking business quickly became
our largest source of non-interest income, exceed-
ing the revenues produced by such other sources
as fees on loans and deposits, and revenues from
third-party product sales. As residential mortgage
interest rates have increased and declined, so too
have the revenues we’ve derived from this busi-
ness; nonetheless, mortgage banking accounted
for $63.0 million of our non-interest income in 2014
and $584.4 million over the past five years.
15.99999
59.5
68.0
1.2
1.0
In 2013, we launched yet another new line of
51.0
business: specialty finance. When the opportunity
arose to hire a team of industry veterans with a
long and successful history of high-quality loan
production, we performed our due diligence and
10.66666
34.0
42.5
0.8
0.6
25.5
0.4
0.2
0.0
5.33333
0.00000
17.0
8.5
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
decided to proceed. The specialty finance loans
and leases we make are consistent with our risk-
averse focus, and all of the loans we’ve made to
date are performing as per their terms. In 2014, our
first full year in the specialty finance business, we
originated loans and leases of $848.5 million.
UPHOLDING our RECORD of
EXCEPTIONAL ASSET QUALITY
Among our distinguishing features, the one
most often mentioned is the quality of the assets
we originate. We attribute our asset quality to
our niche as a multi-family lender, as well as to the
conservative underwriting standards we maintain
for all the loans we produce.
The magnitude of our commitment to quality
served us well during and after the Great Recession,
as reflected in the limited level of losses we took
in general—and in contrast to the losses taken
during those years by most other banks. For exam-
ple, net charge-offs represented 0.91% of our aver-
age loans from the start of the recession, which
began in 2007, through the end of 2014, with the
recovery still under way. During this time, the
cumulative ratio of net charge-offs to average
loans for the SNL U.S. Bank and Thrift Index was a
substantially higher 12.33%.
0.625
0.875
1.000
0.500
0.750
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0.375
0.250
0.125
0.000
KEY PROFITABILITY
0.0
0.0
0.0
AND ASSET QUALITY MEASURES
65.53%
1.08%(a)
14.77%(a)
0.63%
1.26%
NYCB
SNL U.S. Bank and
Thrift Index
0.88%
43.16%
9.01%
0.30%
0.53%
0.23%
RETURN ON
AVERAGE
TANGIBLE
ASSETS
2014
RETURN ON
AVERAGE TANGIBLE
STOCKHOLDERS’
EQUITY
EFFICIENCY
RATIO
NON-PERFORMING
NON-COVERED
ASSETS / TOTAL
NON-COVERED ASSETS
NON-PERFORMING
NON-COVERED
LOANS / TOTAL
NON-COVERED LOANS
0.01%
NET CHARGE-OFFS /
AVERAGE LOANS
2014
2014
12/31/14
12/31/14
2014
(a) Please see the discussion and reconciliations of our GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures on page 13.
NYCB | 03
Even in 2014, when the economy showed
numerous signs of improvement, the difference
between our asset quality and that of our peers was
evident. At December 31, 2014, non-performing
non-covered assets represented 0.30% of total non-
covered assets; the industry average at that date
was 0.63%. Similarly, our ratio of net charge-offs to
average loans was 0.01% in 2014, as compared to
the industry measure of 0.53%.
MAINTAINING our EXCEPTIONAL
EFFICIENCY
Efficiency is yet another of our oft-mentioned
characteristics; we consistently rank in the top 3%
of U.S. bank holding companies, based on this key
measure of profitability. This determination is based
on a ratio that measures our operating expenses
as a percentage of our net interest income and
non-interest income, and essentially indicates the
percentage of pre-provision revenues that we
spend on overhead. Our efficiency ratio was 43.16%
in 2014, above our historical average, yet substan-
tially superior to the industry average of 65.53%.
We attribute our ongoing efficiency to a variety of
factors, including our tendency to add branches
through acquisitions, rather than building de novo,
and the comparatively low cost of originating and
servicing multi-family loans.
GROWING our DEPOSITS ORGANICALLY
Although our primary source of deposit growth
had long been acquisitions, we demonstrated our
ability to grow deposits organically in 2014. Year-
over-year, our deposits rose $2.7 billion, or 10.4%,
to $28.3 billion, the result of a series of retail, insti-
tutional, and municipal deposit campaigns. In
addition to diversifying our sources of funds, the
increase in deposits enabled us to reduce our
wholesale borrowings.
“ We attribute our asset quality to our
niche as a multi-family lender, as well
as to the conservative underwriting
standards we maintain for all the loans
we produce. THE MAGNITUDE OF OUR
COMMITMENT TO QUALITY SERVED US
WELL DURING AND AFTER THE GREAT
RECESSION, AS REFLECTED IN THE
LIMITED LEVEL OF LOSSES WE TOOK.”
LOANS
HELD
FOR
INVESTMENT
(in millions)
$1,654
$4,987
$1,467
$5,438
$1,244
$6,856
$1,243
$7,437
$1,539
$7,637
$1,758
$7,366
$16,736
$16,802
$17,433
$18,605
$20,714
$23,849
$293
$67
$429
TOTAL:
$789
12/31/93
$23,377
12/31/09
$23,707
12/31/10
$25,533
12/31/11
$27,285
12/31/12
$29,838
12/31/13
$33,025
12/31/14
Multi-Family Loans
Commercial Real Estate Loans
All Other Loans Held for Investment
04 | NYCB
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
MAINTAINING our EARNINGS and
CAPITAL STRENGTH
While the level of market interest rates has
inhibited the growth of our earnings, our earnings
and our capital have remained consistently strong.
One of the primary reasons for this is the low level
of loan losses we’ve taken which, once again,
speaks to our focus on asset quality.
We’ve also now paid a dividend for 83 consec-
utive quarters, including forty-four $0.25 per share
dividends since the second quarter of 2004. This
is not only indicative of our commitment to provid-
ing our investors with value, but also the strength of
our earnings over this time. In 2014, we generated
earnings of $485.4 million, and distributed cash
dividends of $442.2 million.
Although capital has always been critical for
financial institutions, its importance has been
magnified since the Great Recession and the
enactment of Dodd-Frank. This is the reason that
we, and many other banks, are required to stress
test our balance sheets on an annual basis, and to
submit the results of those tests to our regulators
for their review. We submitted our 2014 stress test
results less than two weeks ago, on March 27th,
and will announce them publicly, as required, this
coming June.
PREPARING for the NEXT STEPS in
our EVOLUTION
The examples of growth we’ve cited above
were primarily financial and, we believe, indicative
of our fundamental strengths. Of equal importance
are the actions we took in the last five years to pre-
pare for our future, including the steps described
here and in the pages ahead.
The first of these are the steps we took to
strengthen our corporate infrastructure to embrace
the changes wrought by the enactment of
Dodd-Frank.
In the wake of the Great Recession, the Dodd-
Frank Act was put in place to reduce the risk of
another like crisis occurring by establishing an
abundance of new regulations for banks. Five
years later, the roll-out of regulations is still in
progress, with more new regulations expected
in the years to come.
While some of the changes we’ve had to
make required little effort, others have taken longer
and required a greater investment of resources
and thought. For example, before Dodd-Frank,
being risk-averse was a claim we would make
fairly often—a claim, we felt, was supported by
our exceptional record of asset quality. Since
Dodd-Frank, being risk-averse has become a
national mandate—and supporting that claim
now requires extensive documentation and a
plethora of formal processes.
Today, for example, we maintain what
can aptly be called a robust Enterprise Risk
Management program that operates under the
watchful eye of a Board-level Risk Assessment
Committee, as well as that of a Chief Risk Officer
whose work the Committee Chairman oversees.
DEPOSITS
(in millions)
$1,870
$3,788
$1,933
$2,242
$3,886
$3,954
$2,759
$2,271
$4,214
$5,921
$2,307
$7,051
$7,706
$8,236
$8,757
$8,784
$10,537
$12,550
$17
$347
$103
$360
$9,054
$7,835
$7,373
$9,121
$6,932
$6,421
$827
12/31/93
$22,418
12/31/09
$21,890
12/31/10
$22,326
12/31/11
$24,878
12/31/12
$25,661
12/31/13
$28,329
12/31/14
TOTAL:
CDs
NOW and Money Market Accounts
Savings Accounts
Non-Interest-Bearing Accounts
NYCB | 05
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
TOTAL RETURN ON
INVESTMENT
3,843%
2,754%
2,670%
3,069%
4,265%
4,319%
COMPOUND ANNUAL
GROW TH RATE SINCE
OUR IPO =
27.1%
As a result of nine stock splits from September
30, 1994 to February 17, 2004, our charter
shareholders have 2,700 shares of NYCB stock
for every 100 shares originally purchased.
NYCB (a)
SNL U.S. Bank and
Thrift Index
(a) Bloomberg
60%
2%
209%
245%
168%
260%
393%
450%
11/23/93
12/31/94
12/31/09
12/31/10
12/31/11
12/31/12
12/31/13
12/31/14
Under Dodd-Frank, managing risk is a multi-
faceted obligation that requires us to maintain
a well-defined framework for the identification,
measurement, analysis, monitoring, control, and
reporting of risk. It obliges us to specify the risks we
are willing to take in pursuit of creating value and
fulfilling the goals and objectives set forth in our
strategic plans. It requires that we have the systems
in place to provide us with notification in the event
that our risk parameters are at risk of being breached.
It calls for the establishment of a culture of risk
awareness and prevention, as well as for the
annual stress testing of our balance sheet.
In further connection with Dodd-Frank, we’ve
also strengthened our corporate governance
framework, the results of which are reflected in the
policies on our website and in the Proxy Statement
for our Annual Meeting, to be held the first week
of June. While our Board of Directors has always
played an active role in setting the Company’s
direction, the responsibilities of directors have
grown meaningfully under the Dodd-Frank Act.
MANAGING our GROWTH
While Dodd-Frank was the catalyst for each of
these actions, it also was the catalyst for the way
we managed our balance sheet in 2014.
To ensure that financial institutions would main-
tain sufficient capital to weather economic crises
in the future, Dodd-Frank established certain rules
for institutions with assets under $10 billion (i.e.,
“small” banks); between $10 billion and $50 billion
(i.e., “DFAST” banks), and over $50 billion (i.e.,
“large” or “SIFI” banks). Under Dodd-Frank, a bank
with average assets over the four most recent
quarters in excess of $50 billion is deemed to be
a “Systemically Important Financial Institution”
and therefore is subject to more intense scrutiny
and regulation than small and DFAST banks.
With assets of $41.2 billion at the end of 2010,
and a core strategy of growth through acquisition,
we recognized the need to commence our prepa-
rations for what was likely to be the next logical
step in our public life. We started our preparations
mid-way through 2011, and by the end of last year,
had taken meaningful strides toward this end.
Of course, during this time, we continued to
grow our loans and our assets, bringing us closer
to $50 billion and the threshold for classification as
a SIFI bank. By June 30, 2014, our assets amounted
to $48.6 billion—a $1.9 billion increase from the
balance we’d recorded just six months before.
Because we believe it makes more sense to
leap beyond, rather than tip-toe through, the $50
billion threshold, we carefully managed our asset
growth in the second half of the year. In the third
quarter of 2014, we transferred certain one-to-four
family loans to “held for sale” from “held for invest-
ment” and subsequently sold $476.9 million of such
loans in the fourth quarter of the year. We also sold
$124.1 million of multi-family loans through partici-
pations, and reduced our securities portfolio by
$354.8 million through a combination of calls
and sales. As an aside, it’s important to note that
06 | NYCB
Seated left to right:
Dominick Ciampa
Chairman of the Board
Joseph R. Ficalora
President,
Chief Executive Officer,
and Director
Standing left to right:
James J. Carpenter
Senior Executive
Vice President and
Chief Lending Officer
Robert Wann
Senior Executive
Vice President,
Chief Operating Officer,
and Director
Thomas R. Cangemi
Senior Executive
Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
“ Whatever the future holds for us and the industry we work in, we are firm in our
conviction that we are well positioned for growth. WE ALSO BELIEVE THAT AS WE
GROW—AS WE HAVE ALWAYS INTENDED—WE WILL BE BETTER POSITIONED TO
PROVIDE YOU, OUR INVESTORS, WITH A STRONG RETURN.”
participations are an effective, and profitable, way
to manage the growth of our assets while, at the
same time, retaining our solid standing in our multi-
family lending niche.
At the same time as we were sell ing the
above-mentioned assets, we continued to origi-
nate, and to grow our portfolios of, multi-family,
commercial real estate, and specialty finance
loans. As a result, we ended the year with assets
of $48.6 billion—consistent with the balance we’d
recorded at the end of June.
As we make our way through 2015, and continue
our preparations for the future, there are a few more
facts about SIFI status of which you should be aware.
First, exceeding $50 billion in a single quarter will
not change our status. Again, the average of our
total consolidated assets over the four most recent
quarters would need to exceed $50 billion in order
for us to become a SIFI bank.
Finally, as the roll-out of the Dodd-Frank Act
continues, we are mindful that more changes may
still lie ahead. Either way, we believe that the steps
we have taken to prepare for SIFI status have
resulted in our being an even better, stronger, and
more risk-averse bank holding company.
IN CONCLUSION
Whatever the future holds for us and the indus-
try we work in, we are firm in our conviction that
we are well positioned for growth. We also believe
that as we grow—as we have always intended—
we will be even better positioned to provide you,
our investors, with a strong return.
On behalf of our Board and management
team, and the 3,400+ employees who support
our efforts, we thank you for your continued
investment, as well as for the confidence in our
leadership it conveys.
Furthermore, a number of regulations to which
Sincerely yours,
we would be subject as a SIFI would be gradually
rolled out during an “implementation” phase. In
other words, we would have sufficient time to final-
ize our preparations to comply with certain of the
increased regulatory demands.
JOSEPH R. FICALORA
President and
Chief Executive Officer
DOMINICK CIAMPA
Chairman
NYCB | 07
SERVING OUR COMMUNITIES:
GROWTH DOES GOOD
One of the benefits we’ve enjoyed as a grow-
families by providing solutions that foster and main-
ing institution has been sharing the benefit of our
tain vibrant, equitable, and sustainable communi-
growth with the communities we serve. In the past
ties. Founded in 1969—and a HUD-certified housing
year alone, we supported the work of over 900
agency since 1997—CDCLI offers free classes on
organizations by contributing time, talent, materi-
such topics as first-time home ownership, rental
als, and much needed funds. While the hours, assis-
housing insurance, home improvement, and finan-
tance, and supplies we gave challenge enumeration,
cial management. The agency also provides assis-
our financial contributions—including those of the
tance to those who are struggling to cope with
NYCB and Richmond County Savings Foundations—
weather-related crises, such as those suffered when
exceeded $7.6 million in 2014.
Superstorm Sandy struck in 2012.
As our Company and our Banks have evolved,
Another prime example of our community involve-
so too has our community involvement, with more
ment is the support we provide to Providence House
and more of our resources being invested in pro-
in Cleveland, Ohio. Today, as in 1981, the year it was
grams where the need is greatest or the largest
established, Providence House seeks to end child
number of people will be served. While hundreds
abuse by protecting at-risk children, empowering
of worthy community groups count us among their
families in crisis, and building safe communities
donors, there are some whose efforts have inspired
for every child they serve. In addition to providing
our long-lasting commitment, and whose services
personal items, medical care, and educational
have evolved as we ourselves have grown.
enrichment, the organization offers a multitude
of programs to stabilize, strengthen, and reunify
families in distress.
Among these are local chapters of non-profits
that enjoy a national presence, as well as strictly local
groups that serve a single community. Organizations
whose missions range from providing affordable
housing to feeding the homeless and hungry…from
curing disabling diseases to promoting good men-
tal health. Schools, museums, and youth groups
that inspire an interest in science, the arts, or busi-
ness—and neighborhood associations that
foster good citizenship and financial stability.
Among the organizations whose services
have expanded with our involvement—and/or
that of our two foundations—are the organizations
featured here.
The Community Development Corporation of
Long Island has a lofty mission: to invest in the hous-
ing and economic aspirations of individuals and
08 | NYCB
At Left: To promote breast
cancer aware ness through-
out Long Island, our Plainview
branch teamed up with
Bosom Buddies, a non-profit
organization dedicated to
supporting breast cancer
victims and survivors, by
hosting a reception and
fund-raiser in May.
On a lighter note, we also support the program-
to PCC goes well beyond the financial: Members
ming at two popular performing arts venues where
of our local staff serve on its board of advisors,
musical tastes from pop and rock to classical are
mentor its clients, or are engaged as financial liter-
well served. One is the New Jersey Performing Arts
acy volunteers.
Center in the heart of Newark, New Jersey; the other
is the Kupferberg Center for the Arts at Queens
College in Flushing, New York. In addition to hosting
concerts and recitals for audiences of all ages, the
NJPAC and the Kupferberg Center are dedicated
to promoting arts education as a means of inspiring
creativity and a love of the arts in the young.
Children and teens also are served in Tempe,
Arizona, where our involvement in Junior Achievement
takes a variety of forms. Aimed at children in grades
K through 12, JA offers programs in finance and
economics to promote positive attitudes toward
the workplace—and to develop critical thinking
skills in children and teens that will serve them well
In Florida, we are proud to support two local
as adults. In support of JA’s programs, several of our
groups—the Housing Partnership, Inc. and the Parent-
employees serve as mentors or on committees,
Child Center—that together seek to “change the
while yet another employee serves on the board.
odds” by meeting the social and economic needs
of children and families at risk. Located in Riviera
Beach, the Housing Partnership helps residents in
need of affordable housing, while the Parent-Child
Center provides needed psychiatric, counseling, and
case management services. The support we lend
In every way that matters, these organizations
make a difference to the people they are serving,
and it’s clear that the resources we provide make
a difference as well. As we continue to grow, it’s
fair to say, we are gratified by the knowledge that
our ability to do good also will grow.
At Right: In each of the five states
served by our deposit franchise, NYCB
employees help make the dream of
home ownership a reality by volun-
teering their time—and muscle—for
local branches of Habitat for Humanity.
Top Left: In Arizona, where summer
temperatures will soar as high as 120°
and sometimes even higher, our 14
branches collected 976 cases of
water—11,712 bottles—for the
Phoenix Rescue Mission to distribute
to the homeless and needy through-
out the state.
Bottom Left: When Providence House
established a Wellness Nursery to
serve the youngest of its “clients” in
Cleveland, employees at our 28
branches in Ohio collected hundreds
of needed items to make sure the new
facility was well stocked.
NYCB | 09
BALANCE SHEET HIGHLIGHTS
(in thousands)
Total assets
Non-covered mortgage loans held for investment:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
December 31,
2014
2013
2012
$ 48,559,217
$ 46,688,287
$ 44,145,100
$ 23,849,038
$ 20,714,197
$ 18,605,185
7,637,061
7,366,138
7,436,950
138,915
257,850
560,730
343,282
203,434
397,288
Total non-covered mortgage loans held for investment
31,882,864
28,984,347
26,642,857
Non-covered other loans held for investment:
Specialty finance
Other commercial and industrial
Other
633,557
476,592
31,943
171,755
642,852
39,035
—
591,727
49,880
Total non-covered other loans held for investment
1,142,092
853,642
641,607
Total non-covered loans held for investment
$ 33,024,956
$ 29,837,989
$ 27,284,464
379,399
2,428,622
306,915
2,788,618
1,204,370
3,284,061
$ 35,832,977
$ 32,933,522
$ 31,772,895
$
139,857
$
141,946
$
140,948
45,481
64,069
51,311
$
173,783
$
280,738
$
429,266
6,922,667
7,670,282
4,484,262
$ 7,096,450
$ 7,951,020
$ 4,913,528
$ 12,549,600
$ 10,536,947
$ 8,783,795
7,051,622
6,420,598
2,306,914
5,921,437
6,932,096
2,270,512
4,213,972
9,120,914
2,758,840
$ 28,328,734
$ 25,660,992
$ 24,877,521
$ 13,868,132
$ 14,742,576
$ 13,067,974
358,355
362,426
362,217
$ 14,226,487
$ 15,105,002
$ 13,430,191
$ 5,781,815
$ 5,735,662
$ 5,656,264
Loans held for sale
Covered loans
Total loans
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans
Allowance for losses on covered loans
Securities:
Available for sale
Held to maturity
Total securities
Deposits:
NOW and money market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Non-interest-bearing accounts
Total deposits
Borrowed funds:
Wholesale borrowings
Other borrowings
Total borrowed funds
Stockholders’ equity
10 | NYCB
INCOME STATEMENT HIGHLIGHTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Interest Income:
Mortgage and other loans
Securities and money market investments
Total interest income
Interest Expense:
NOW and money market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Borrowed funds
Total interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for losses on non-covered loans
(Recovery of) provision for losses on covered loans
Non-Interest Income:
Mortgage banking income
Fee income
BOLI income
Net gain on sales of securities
FDIC indemnification (expense) income
All other sources of non-interest income
Total non-interest income
Non-Interest Expense:
Operating expenses
Amortization of core deposit intangibles
Total non-interest expense
Income tax expense
Net income
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
For the Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2014
2013
2012
$ 1,414,884
$ 1,487,662
$ 1,597,504
268,183
220,436
193,597
1,683,067
1,708,098
1,791,101
39,508
35,727
74,511
392,968
542,714
35,884
21,950
83,805
36,609
13,677
93,880
399,843
486,914
541,482
631,080
1,140,353
1,166,616
1,160,021
—
(18,587)
62,953
36,585
27,150
14,029
(14,870)
75,746
18,000
12,758
78,283
38,179
29,938
21,036
10,206
41,188
45,000
17,988
178,643
38,348
30,502
2,041
14,390
33,429
201,593
218,830
297,353
579,170
8,297
587,467
287,669
591,778
15,784
593,833
19,644
607,562
613,477
271,579
279,803
$ 485,397
$ 475,547
$ 501,106
$1.09
1.09
$1.08
1.08
$1.13
1.13
NYCB | 11
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Profitability Measures:
Return on average assets
Return on average tangible assets (1)
Return on average stockholders’ equity
Return on average tangible stockholders’ equity (1)
Operating expenses to average assets
Efficiency ratio
Interest rate spread
Net interest margin
Dividends paid per common share
Asset Quality Measures:
Non-performing non-covered loans to total non-covered loans
Non-performing non-covered assets to total non-covered assets
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans to non-performing non-covered loans
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans to total non-covered loans
Net charge-offs to average loans
Capital Measures:
Book value per share
Tangible book value per share (1)
Stockholders’ equity to total assets
Tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets (1)
Other Balance Sheet Measures:
Non-covered loans held for investment to total loans
Total loans to total assets
Securities to total assets
Deposits to total assets
Wholesale borrowings to total assets
(1) Please see the discussion and reconciliations of our GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures on page 13.
For the Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2014
2013
2012
1.01%
1.07%
1.18%
1.08
8.41
14.77
1.21
43.16
2.57
2.67
$1.00
1.16
8.46
15.35
1.33
42.71
2.90
3.01
$1.00
1.28
9.06
16.80
1.40
40.75
3.11
3.21
$1.00
At or for the Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2014
2013
2012
0.23%
0.30
0.35%
0.40
181.75
137.10
0.42
0.01
0.48
0.05
0.96%
0.71
53.93
0.52
0.13
$13.06
7.54
11.91%
7.24
$13.01
$ 12.88
7.45
7.26
12.29%
12.81%
7.42
7.65
92.2%
90.6%
85.9%
73.8
14.6
58.3
28.6
70.5
17.0
55.0
31.6
72.0
11.1
56.4
29.6
12 | NYCB
DISCUSSION AND RECONCILIATIONS OF GAAP
AND NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Although tangible stockholders’ equity and tangible assets are not calculated in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles (“GAAP”), we use these non-GAAP financial measures in our analysis of our performance. We
believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are an important indication of our ability to grow both organically and
through business combinations, and, with respect to tangible stockholders’ equity, our ability to pay dividends and to
engage in various capital management strategies.
Tangible stockholders’ equity, tangible assets, and the related non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered
in isolation or as a substitute for stockholders’ equity, total assets, or any other measure calculated in accordance
with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from that of
other companies reporting measures with similar names.
The following table presents the reconciliations of our stockholders’ equity and tangible stockholders’ equity, total
assets and tangible assets, and the related financial measures at or for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014,
2013, and 2012:
(in thousands)
Stockholders’ Equity
Less: Goodwill
Core deposit intangibles
Tangible stockholders’ equity
Total Assets
Less: Goodwill
Core deposit intangibles
Tangible assets
Average Stockholders’ Equity
Less: Average goodwill and core deposit intangibles
Average tangible stockholders’ equity
Average Assets
Less: Average goodwill and core deposit intangibles
Average tangible assets
Net Income
Add back: Amortization of core deposit intangibles, net of tax
Adjusted net income
At or for the Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2014
2013
2012
$ 5,781,815
$ 5,735,662
$ 5,656,264
(2,436,131)
(2,436,131)
(2,436,131)
(7,943)
(16,240)
(32,024)
$ 3,337,741
$ 3,283,291
$ 3,188,109
$ 48,559,217
$ 46,688,287
$ 44,145,100
(2,436,131)
(2,436,131)
(2,436,131)
(7,943)
(16,240)
(32,024)
$ 46,115,143
$ 44,235,916
$ 41,676,945
$ 5,768,795
$ 5,620,445
$ 5,531,055
(2,448,322)
(2,460,266)
(2,478,523)
$ 3,320,473
$ 3,160,179
$ 3,052,532
$ 48,038,072
$ 44,396,263
$ 42,493,455
(2,448,322)
(2,460,266)
(2,478,523)
$ 45,589,750
$ 41,935,997
$ 40,014,932
$
485,397
$
475,547
$
501,106
4,978
9,471
11,786
$
490,375
$
485,018
$
512,892
NYCB | 13
CORPORATE DIRECTORY
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS(1)
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD
Dominick Ciampa(2)
Principal and Partner
Ciampa Organization
MEMBERS
Maureen E. Clancy(3)
Chief Financial Officer and Owner
Clancy & Clancy Brokerage Ltd.
Hanif “Wally” Dahya(4)
Chief Executive Officer
The Y Company LLC
Joseph R. Ficalora(5)
President and Chief Executive Officer
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
Max L. Kupferberg
Chairman of the Board of Directors
Kepco, Inc.
Michael J. Levine(6)
Principal, Norse Realty Group, Inc. & Affiliates;
Partner, Levine & Schmutter, CPAs
James J. O’Donovan
Senior Executive Vice President
and Chief Lending Officer (retired)
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
Lawrence Rosano, Jr.
President, Associated Development Corp.
and Associated Properties, Inc.
Ronald A. Rosenfeld
Chairman (retired)
Federal Housing Finance Board
Lawrence J. Savarese(7)
Senior Partner (retired)
KPMG
John M. Tsimbinos(8)
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (retired)
TR Financial Corp. and Roosevelt Savings Bank
Robert Wann
Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Joseph R. Ficalora
President and Chief Executive Officer
Robert Wann
Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
Thomas R. Cangemi
Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
James J. Carpenter
Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Lending Officer
John J. Pinto
Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENTS
Ilene A. Angarola
Director, Investor Relations
Robert D. Brown
Chief Information Officer
William P. DiSalvatore
Chief Risk Officer
Anthony E. Donatelli
Director, Enterprise Risk Management
Frank Esposito
Director, Loan Administration
Cynthia S. Flynn
Chief Administrative Officer
Robert P. Gillespie
Corporate Director, Employee Development
Andrew Kaplan
Director, Retail Products and Services;
President, CFS Investments, Inc.
Joyce Larson
Chief Audit Executive
Anthony M. Lewis
Chief Credit Officer
R. Patrick Quinn, Esq.
Chief Corporate Governance Officer and Corporate Secretary
Bernard A. Terlizzi
Chief Human Resources Officer
Barbara A. Tosi-Renna
Assistant Chief Operating Officer
Thomas J. Zammit
Chief Appraiser
(1) Directors of New York Community Bancorp, Inc. also serve as directors of
(5) Mr. Ficalora also serves as a director on each of the Divisional Boards.
New York Community Bank and New York Commercial Bank.
(6) Mr. Levine chairs the Risk Assessment and Nominating and Corporate
(2) Mr. Ciampa also serves as Chairman of the Boards of Directors of New York
Governance Committees of the Board.
Community Bank and New York Commercial Bank.
(3) Mrs. Clancy chairs the Compensation and Insurance Committees of the Board.
(4) Mr. Dahya chairs the Investment and Cyber Security Committees of the Board.
(7) Mr. Savarese chairs the Audit and Capital Assessment Committees of the Board.
(8) Mr. Tsimbinos also serves as a director on the Atlantic Bank Divisional Board.
14 | NYCB
AFFILIATE OFFICERS
NEW YORK COMMERCIAL BANK
Athanassia “Nancy” Papaioannou
President, Atlantic Bank Division
Kenneth M. Scheriff
Executive Vice President and Regional Manager,
Commercial Lending
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANK
NYCB MORTGAGE COMPANY, LLC
Jon K. Baymiller
President and Chief Executive Officer
NYCB SPECIALTY FINANCE COMPANY, LLC
John Francis Xavier Chipman
Executive Vice President and Director, Specialty Finance
PETER B. CANNELL & CO., INC.
Joseph B. Werner
Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
DIVISIONAL BANK DIRECTORS
QUEENS COUNTY SAVINGS BANK/
ROSLYN SAVINGS BANK
Joseph R. Ficalora
President, QCSB Division
Thomas J. Calabrese, Jr.
President, RSLN Division;
Vice President, Operations
Daniel Gale Agency
Hon. Claire Shulman
Queens Borough President (retired);
President & Chief Executive Officer
Flushing Willets Point Corona LDC
Michael R. Stoler
Managing Director
Madison Realty Capital
RICHMOND COUNTY SAVINGS BANK
Michael F. Manzulli
Chairman;
Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Richmond County Bancorp, Inc. and
Richmond County Savings Bank
Godfrey H. Carstens
President (retired)
Carstens Electrical Supply
Peter J. Esposito
Senior Mortgage Lending Officer (retired)
New York Community Bank
James L. Kelley, Esq.
Partner
Lahr, Dillon, Manzulli, Kelley & Penett, P.C.
Hon. Guy V. Molinari
Richmond County Borough President (retired);
Former U.S. Congressman and New York State Assemblyman;
Managing Partner, The Molinari Group;
Of Counsel, Russo, Scamardella & D’Amato
ATLANTIC BANK
Nicolas Bornozis
President
Capital Link Inc.
John Catsimatidis
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Red Apple Group
Andrew J. Jacovides
Former Ambassador, Cyprus
Comin Nicholas “Nick” Kafes
Director, Institutional Inter-Dealer Credit Brokerage
Murphy & Durieu, LP
Savas Konstantinides
President and Chief Executive Officer
Omega Brokerage
Spiros Milonas
President
Ionian Management Inc.
Mitchell Rutter
President
Essex Capital Partners
OHIO SAVINGS BANK
Ronald A. Rosenfeld
Chairman
Leslie D. Dunn
Independent Director
Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati
Robert P. Duvin
Partner
Littler Mendelson, PC
Keith V. Mabee
Group President
Corporate Communications and Investor Relations
Falls Communications
Rev. Robert L. Niehoff, S.J.
President
John Carroll University
NYCB | 15
SHAREHOLDER REFERENCE
CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
615 Merrick Avenue
Westbury, NY 11590-6607
Phone:
Fax:
Online: www.myNYCB.com
(516) 683-4100
(516) 683-8385
INVESTOR RELATIONS
Shareholders, analysts, and others seeking information about New York Community Bancorp, Inc. are invited to
contact our Investor Relations Department at:
Phone:
Fax:
(516) 683-4420
(516) 683-4424
E-mail:
Online:
ir@myNYCB.com
ir.myNYCB.com
Copies of our earnings releases and other financial publications, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), are available without charge upon request.
Information about our financial performance may also be found at ir.myNYCB.com, the Investor Relations portion of
our website, under “Strategies & Results.” Earnings releases, dividend announcements, and other press releases are
typically available at this site upon issuance, and SEC documents are typically available within minutes of being filed.
In addition, shareholders wishing to receive e-mail notification each time a press release, SEC filing, or other corpo-
rate event is posted to our website may do so by clicking on “Register for E-mail Alerts,” and following the prompts.
ONLINE DELIVERY OF PROXY MATERIALS
To arrange to receive next year’s Annual Report to Shareholders and proxy materials electronically, rather than in
hard copy, please visit ir.myNYCB.com, click on “Request Online Delivery of Proxy Materials,” and follow the prompts.
SHAREHOLDER ACCOUNT INQUIRIES
To review the status of your shareholder account, expedite a change of address, transfer shares, or perform various
other account-related functions, please contact our stock registrar, transfer agent, and dividend disbursement agent,
Computershare, directly.
Computershare is available to assist you 24 hours a day, seven days a week, through its toll-free Interactive Voice
Response system or through its online Investor Centre™. In addition, customer service representatives are available to
assist you Monday through Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), except for New York Stock Exchange holidays.
You may contact Computershare in any of the following ways:
Online:
www.computershare.com/investor
By phone:
In the U.S. & Canada: (866) 293-6077
International: (201) 680-6578
TDD lines for hearing-impaired investors:
In the U.S. & Canada: (800) 231-5469
International: (201) 680-6610
By U.S. mail:
P.O. Box 30170
College Station, TX 77842-3170
By overnight mail:
211 Quality Circle, Suite 210
College Station, TX 77845-4470
In all correspondence with Computershare, be sure to mention New York Community Bancorp and to provide your name
as it appears on your shareholder account, along with your account number, daytime phone number, and current address.
16 | NYCB
SHAREHOLDER REFERENCE
DIVIDEND POLICY
Dividends are typically declared and announced in January, April, July, and October, and are typically paid during the
third or fourth weeks of the following months. Information regarding record and payable dates may be found in our
earnings releases/dividend announcements, and by visiting ir.myNYCB.com, clicking on “About Your Investment,” and
then on “Dividend History.”
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT AND STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
Under our Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”), registered shareholders may purchase
additional shares of New York Community Bancorp by reinvesting their cash dividends, and by making optional cash
purchases ranging from a minimum of $50 to a maximum of $10,000 per transaction, up to a maximum of $100,000
per calendar year. In addition, new investors may purchase their initial shares through the Plan. The Plan brochure is
available from Computershare and may also be accessed by clicking on “Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase
Plan” at ir.myNYCB.com.
DIRECT DEPOSIT OF DIVIDENDS
Registered shareholders may arrange to have their quarterly cash dividends deposited directly into their checking or
savings accounts on the payable date. For more information, please contact Computershare or click on “Shareholder
Services” at ir.myNYCB.com.
ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
Our 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be held at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time on Wednesday, June 3rd, at
the Sheraton LaGuardia East Hotel, 135-20 39th Avenue, in Flushing, New York. Shareholders of record as of April 8,
2015 will be eligible to receive notice of, and to vote at, the 2015 Annual Meeting.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
KPMG LLP
345 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10154-0102
STOCK LISTING
Shares of New York Community Bancorp common stock are traded under the symbol “NYCB” on the New York Stock
Exchange. Price information appears daily in The Wall Street Journal under “NY CmntyBcp” and in other major news-
papers under similar abbreviations of the Company’s name. Trading information may also be found at ir.myNYCB.com
under “Stock Information” or by visiting www.nyse.com and entering our trading symbol.
The Bifurcated Option Note Unit SecuritiESSM (“BONUSES units”) issued through the Company’s subsidiary, New York
Community Capital Trust V, also trade on the New York Stock Exchange, under the symbol “NYCB PR U.”
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A
N E W YO RK COMMU N I T Y BANCORP, I N C.
2014 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2014
Commission File Number 1-31565
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
06-1377322
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
615 Merrick Avenue, Westbury, New York 11590
(Zip code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) (516) 683-4100
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
and
Bifurcated Option Note Unit SecuritiESSM
(Title of Class)
New York Stock Exchange
(Name of exchange on which registered)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes (cid:95) No (cid:133)(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes(cid:133) No (cid:95)(cid:3)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes (cid:95) No (cid:133)
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. (cid:95)(cid:3)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes (cid:95) No (cid:133)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller
reporting company. See the definitions of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-
2 of the Exchange Act. Large Accelerated Filer (cid:95) Accelerated Filer (cid:133) Non-Accelerated Filer (cid:133) Smaller Reporting Company (cid:133)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes(cid:133) No (cid:95)(cid:3)
As of June 30, 2014, the aggregate market value of the shares of common stock outstanding of the registrant was $6.8 billion,
excluding 15,208,090 shares held by all directors and executive officers of the registrant. This figure is based on the closing price of
the registrant’s common stock on June 30, 2014, $15.98, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange.
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of February 20, 2015 was 443,733,981 shares.
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 3, 2015 are incorporated by
reference into Part III.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
CROSS REFERENCE INDEX
Forward-Looking Statements and Associated Risk Factors
Glossary
PART I
Item 1. Business
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Properties
Legal Proceedings
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases
of Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data
Item 6.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Item 8.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Item 9B. Other Information
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Signatures
Certifications
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For the purpose of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” are
used to refer to New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries, including New York
Community Bank and New York Commercial Bank (the “Community Bank” and the “Commercial Bank,”
respectively, and collectively, the “Banks”).
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS
This report, like many written and oral communications presented by New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
and our authorized officers, may contain certain forward-looking statements regarding our prospective performance
and strategies within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe
harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995,
and are including this statement for purposes of said safe harbor provisions.
Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies, and
expectations of the Company, are generally identified by use of the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,”
“expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “strive,” “try,” or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,”
“should,” “could,” “may,” or similar expressions. Our ability to predict results or the actual effects of our plans or
strategies is inherently uncertain. Accordingly, actual results may differ materially from anticipated results.
There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause actual conditions,
events, or results to differ significantly from those described in our forward-looking statements. These factors
include, but are not limited to:
• general economic conditions, either nationally or in some or all of the areas in which we and our
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customers conduct our respective businesses;
conditions in the securities markets and real estate markets or the banking industry;
changes in real estate values, which could impact the quality of the assets securing the loans in our
portfolio;
changes in interest rates, which may affect our net income, prepayment penalty income, mortgage
banking income, and other future cash flows, or the market value of our assets, including our investment
securities;
changes in the quality or composition of our loan or securities portfolios;
changes in our capital management policies, including those regarding business combinations, dividends,
and share repurchases, among others;
• our use of derivatives to mitigate our interest rate exposure;
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•
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changes in competitive pressures among financial institutions or from non-financial institutions;
changes in deposit flows and wholesale borrowing facilities;
changes in the demand for deposit, loan, and investment products and other financial services in the
markets we serve;
• our timely development of new lines of business and competitive products or services in a changing
environment, and the acceptance of such products or services by our customers;
changes in our customer base or in the financial or operating performances of our customers’ businesses;
any interruption in customer service due to circumstances beyond our control;
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• our ability to retain key personnel;
•
potential exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities of companies we have acquired or may acquire in
the future;
the outcome of pending or threatened litigation, or of other matters before regulatory agencies, whether
currently existing or commencing in the future;
environmental conditions that exist or may exist on properties owned by, leased by, or mortgaged to the
Company;
any interruption or breach of security resulting in failures or disruptions in customer account
management, general ledger, deposit, loan, or other systems;
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• operational issues stemming from, and/or capital spending necessitated by, the potential need to adapt to
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industry changes in information technology systems, on which we are highly dependent;
the ability to keep pace with, and implement on a timely basis, technological changes;
changes in legislation, regulation, policies, or administrative practices, whether by judicial, governmental,
or legislative action, including, but not limited to, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act, and other changes pertaining to banking, securities, taxation, rent regulation and housing,
1
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financial accounting and reporting, environmental protection, and insurance, and the ability to comply
with such changes in a timely manner;
changes in the monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S.
Department of the Treasury and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;
changes in accounting principles, policies, practices, or guidelines;
a material breach in performance by the Community Bank under our loss sharing agreements with the
FDIC;
changes in our estimates of future reserves based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant
regulatory and accounting requirements;
changes in regulatory expectations relating to predictive models we use in connection with stress testing
and other forecasting or in the assumptions on which such modeling and forecasting are predicated;
the ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel
of any banks we may acquire into our operations, and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and
cost savings within expected time frames;
changes in our credit ratings or in our ability to access the capital markets;
•
• war or terrorist activities; and
•
other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, technological, and geopolitical factors affecting
our operations, pricing, and services.
In addition, we routinely evaluate opportunities to expand through acquisitions and conduct due diligence
activities in connection with such opportunities. As a result, acquisition discussions and, in some cases, negotiations,
may take place at any time, and acquisitions involving cash or our debt or equity securities may occur.
Furthermore, the timing and occurrence or non-occurrence of events may be subject to circumstances beyond
our control.
Please see Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” for a further discussion of factors that could affect the actual outcome of
future events.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained herein, which
speak only as of the date of this report. Except as required by applicable law or regulation, we undertake no
obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date on
which such statements were made.
2
BASIS POINT
GLOSSARY
Throughout this filing, the year-over-year changes that occur in certain financial measures are reported in
terms of basis points. Each basis point is equal to one hundredth of a percentage point, or 0.01%.
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE
Book value per share refers to the amount of stockholders’ equity attributable to each outstanding share of
common stock, and is calculated by dividing total stockholders’ equity at the end of a period by the number of
shares outstanding at the same date.
BROKERED DEPOSITS
Refers to funds obtained, directly or indirectly, by or through deposit brokers that are then deposited into one
or more deposit accounts at a bank.
CHARGE-OFF
Refers to the amount of a loan balance that has been written off against the allowance for losses on non-
covered loans.
COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE (“CRE”) LOAN
A mortgage loan secured by either an income-producing property owned by an investor and leased primarily
for commercial purposes or, to a lesser extent, an owner-occupied building used for business purposes. The CRE
loans in our portfolio are typically secured by office buildings, retail shopping centers, light industrial centers with
multiple tenants, or mixed-use properties.
COST OF FUNDS
The interest expense associated with interest-bearing liabilities, typically expressed as a ratio of interest
expense to the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities for a given period.
COVERED LOANS AND OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED (“OREO”)
Refers to the loans and OREO we acquired in our AmTrust Bank (“AmTrust”) and Desert Hills Bank (“Desert
Hills”) acquisitions, which are “covered” by loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. Please see the definition of
“Loss Sharing Agreements” that appears later in this glossary.
DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE RATIO (“DSCR”)
An indication of a borrower’s ability to repay a loan, the DSCR generally measures the cash flows available to
a borrower over the course of a year as a percentage of the annual interest and principal payments owed during that
time.
DERIVATIVE
A term used to define a broad base of financial instruments, including swaps, options, and futures contracts,
whose value is based upon, or derived from, an underlying rate, price, or index (such as interest rates, foreign
currency, commodities, or prices of other financial instruments such as stocks or bonds).
DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO
The percentage of our earnings that is paid out to shareholders in the form of dividends. It is determined by
dividing the dividend paid per share during a period by our diluted earnings per share during the same period of
time.
EFFICIENCY RATIO
Measures total operating expenses as a percentage of the sum of net interest income and non-interest income.
GOODWILL
Refers to the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of an acquired company’s assets, net of
the liabilities assumed. Goodwill is reflected as an asset on the balance sheet and is tested at least annually for
impairment.
3
GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED ENTERPRISES (“GSEs”)
Refers to a group of financial services corporations that were created by the United States Congress to
enhance the availability, and reduce the cost, of credit to certain targeted borrowing sectors, including home finance.
The GSEs include, but are not limited to, the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), the Federal
Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), and the Federal Home Loan Banks (the “FHLBs”).
GSE OBLIGATIONS
Refers to GSE mortgage-related securities (both certificates and collateralized mortgage obligations) and GSE
debentures.
INTEREST RATE LOCK COMMITMENTS (“IRLCs”)
Refers to commitments we have made to originate new one-to-four family loans at specific (i.e., locked-in)
interest rates. The volume of IRLCs at the end of a period is a leading indicator of loans to be originated in the near
future.
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY
Refers to the likelihood that the interest earned on assets and the interest paid on liabilities will change as a
result of fluctuations in market interest rates.
INTEREST RATE SPREAD
The difference between the yield earned on average interest-earning assets and the cost of average interest-
bearing liabilities.
LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIO (“LTV”)
Measures the balance of a loan as a percentage of the appraised value of the underlying property.
LOSS SHARING AGREEMENTS
Refers to the agreements we entered into with the FDIC in connection with the loans and OREO we acquired
in our AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions. The agreements call for the FDIC to reimburse us for 80% of any
losses (and share in 80% of any recoveries) up to specified thresholds and to reimburse us for 95% of any losses
(and share in 95% of any recoveries) beyond those thresholds with respect to the acquired assets, for specified
periods of time. All of the loans and OREO acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions are subject to
these agreements and are referred to in this report either as “covered loans,” “covered OREO,” or, when discussed
together, “covered assets.”
MORTGAGE BANKING INCOME
Refers to the income generated through our mortgage banking business, which is recorded in non-interest
income. Mortgage banking income has two components: income generated from the origination of one-to-four
family loans for sale (“income from originations”) and income generated by servicing such loans (“servicing
income”).
MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS (“MSRs”)
The right to service mortgage loans for others is recognized as an asset, and recorded at fair value, when our
one-to-four family loans are sold or securitized, servicing retained.
MULTI-FAMILY LOAN
A mortgage loan secured by a rental or cooperative apartment building with more than four units.
NET INTEREST INCOME
The difference between the interest income generated by loans and securities and the interest expense
produced by deposits and borrowed funds.
NET INTEREST MARGIN
Measures net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.
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NON-ACCRUAL LOAN
A loan generally is classified as a “non-accrual” loan when it is 90 days or more past due or when we no
longer expect to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When a loan is
placed on non-accrual status, we cease the accrual of interest owed, and previously accrued interest is reversed and
charged against interest income. A loan generally is returned to accrual status when the loan is current and we have
reasonable assurance that the loan will be fully collectible.
NON-COVERED LOANS AND OREO
Refers to all of the loans and OREO in our portfolio that are not covered by our loss sharing agreements with
the FDIC.
NON-PERFORMING LOANS AND ASSETS
Non-performing loans consist of non-accrual loans and loans that are 90 days or more past due and still
accruing interest. Non-performing assets consist of non-performing loans and OREO.
RENT-REGULATED APARTMENTS
In New York City, where the vast majority of the properties securing our multi-family loans are located, the
amount of rent that tenants may be charged on the apartments in certain buildings is restricted under certain “rent-
control” and “rent-stabilization” laws. Rent-control laws apply to apartments in buildings that were constructed prior
to February 1947. An apartment is said to be “rent-controlled” if the tenant has been living continuously in the
apartment for a period of time beginning prior to July 1971. When a rent-controlled apartment is vacated, it typically
becomes “rent-stabilized.” Rent-stabilized apartments are generally located in buildings with six or more units that
were built between February 1947 and January 1974. Rent-controlled and -stabilized (together, “rent-regulated”)
apartments tend to be more affordable to live in because of the applicable regulations, and buildings with a
preponderance of such rent-regulated apartments are therefore less likely to experience vacancies in times of
economic adversity.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Repurchase agreements are contracts for the sale of securities owned or borrowed by the Banks with an
agreement to repurchase those securities at an agreed-upon price and date. The Banks’ repurchase agreements are
primarily collateralized by GSE obligations and other mortgage-related securities, and are entered into with either
the FHLBs or various brokerage firms.
RETURN ON AVERAGE ASSETS
A measure of profitability determined by dividing net income by average assets for a given period.
RETURN ON AVERAGE STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
A measure of profitability determined by dividing net income by average stockholders’ equity for a given
period.
SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT FINANCIAL INSTITUTION (“SIFI”)
A bank holding company with total consolidated assets that average more than $50 billion over the four most
recent quarters is designated a “Systemically Important Financial Institution” under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) of 2010.
WHOLESALE BORROWINGS
Refers to advances drawn by the Banks against their respective lines of credit with the FHLBs, their
repurchase agreements with the FHLBs and various brokerage firms, and federal funds purchased.
YIELD
The interest income associated with interest-earning assets, typically expressed as a ratio of interest income to
the average balance of interest-earning assets for a given period.
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ITEM 1.
BUSINESS
General
PART I
With total assets of $48.6 billion at December 31, 2014, we rank among the nation’s 25 largest publicly traded
bank holding companies. Primarily reflecting our growth through ten business combinations between November 30,
2000 and March 26, 2010, we currently have 272 branch offices in five states.
We are organized under Delaware Law as a multi-bank holding company and have two primary subsidiaries:
New York Community Bank and New York Commercial Bank (hereinafter referred to as the “Community Bank”
and the “Commercial Bank,” respectively, and collectively as the “Banks”).
New York Community Bank
Established in 1859, the Community Bank is a New York State-chartered savings bank with 242 branches that
currently operate through seven local divisions. We compete for depositors in these diverse markets by emphasizing
service and convenience, with a comprehensive menu of traditional and non-traditional products and services, and
access to 24-hour banking both online and by phone.
In New York, we currently serve our Community Bank customers through Roslyn Savings Bank, with 53
branches on Long Island, a suburban market east of New York City comprised of Nassau and Suffolk counties;
Queens County Savings Bank, with 38 branches in the New York City borough of Queens; Richmond County
Savings Bank, with 22 branches in the borough of Staten Island; and Roosevelt Savings Bank, with nine branches in
the borough of Brooklyn. In the Bronx and neighboring Westchester County, we currently have four branches that
operate directly under the name “New York Community Bank.”
In New Jersey, we serve our Community Bank customers through 47 branches that operate under the name
Garden State Community Bank. In Florida and Arizona, where we have 27 and 14 branches, respectively, we serve
our customers through the AmTrust Bank division of the Community Bank. In Ohio, we serve our Community Bank
customers through 28 branches of Ohio Savings Bank.
We also are a leading producer of multi-family loans in New York City, with an emphasis on non-luxury
apartment buildings that are rent-regulated and feature below-market rents. In addition to multi-family loans, which
are our principal asset, we originate commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans (primarily in New York City, as well as
on Long Island) and, to a much lesser extent, acquisition, development, and construction (“ADC”) loans, and
commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans. C&I loans consist of specialty finance loans and leases, and other C&I
loans that are typically made to small and mid-size business in Metro New York.
Unlike the aforementioned loans, which are originated for investment, the one-to-four family loans we
produce are primarily originated for sale. In 2014, the vast majority of the one-to-four family loans we originated
were agency-conforming loans sold to government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”), servicing retained.
Although the vast majority of the loans we produce for investment (i.e., for our portfolio) are secured by
properties or businesses in New York City and, to a lesser extent, on Long Island, the one-to-four family loans we
originate are for the purchase or refinancing of homes throughout the United States.
New York Commercial Bank
The Commercial Bank is a New York State-chartered commercial bank with 30 branches in Manhattan,
Queens, Brooklyn, Westchester County, and Long Island, including 18 that operate under the name “Atlantic Bank.”
Established in December 2005, the Commercial Bank competes for customers by emphasizing personal
service and by addressing the needs of small and mid-size businesses, professional associations, and government
agencies with a comprehensive menu of business solutions, including installment loans, revolving lines of credit,
and cash management services. In addition, the Commercial Bank offers 24-hour banking online and by phone.
Customers of the Commercial Bank may transact their business at any of our 242 Community Bank branches,
and Community Bank customers may transact their business at any of the 30 branches of the Commercial Bank. In
addition, customers of the Banks have access to their accounts through our ATMs in all five states.
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Online Information about the Company and the Banks
We also serve our customers through three connected websites: www.myNYCB.com,
www.NewYorkCommercialBank.com, and www.NYCBfamily.com. In addition to providing our customers with
24-hour access to their accounts, and information regarding our products and services, hours of service, and
locations, these websites provide extensive information about the Company for the investment community. Earnings
releases, dividend announcements, and other press releases are posted upon issuance to the Investor Relations
portion of these websites. In addition, our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”)
(including our annual report on Form 10-K; our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q; and our current reports on Form 8-
K), and all amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, are available without charge, and are posted to the Investor Relations portion of our websites
within minutes of being filed. The websites also provide information regarding our Board of Directors and
management team and the number of Company shares held by these insiders, as well as certain Board Committee
charters and our corporate governance policies. The content of our websites shall not be deemed to be incorporated
by reference into this Annual Report.
Our Market
Our current market for deposits consists of the 26 counties in the five states that are served by our branch
network, including all five boroughs of New York City, Nassau and Suffolk Counties on Long Island, and
Westchester County in New York; Essex, Hudson, Mercer, Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean, and Union Counties in
New Jersey; Maricopa and Yavapai Counties in Arizona; Cuyahoga, Lake, and Summit Counties in Ohio; and
Broward, Collier, Lee, Miami-Dade, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie Counties in Florida.
The market for the loans we produce varies, depending on the type of loan. For example, the vast majority of
our multi-family loans are collateralized by rental apartment buildings in New York City, which is also home to the
majority of the properties collateralizing our CRE and ADC loans. In contrast, we originate one-to-four family
mortgage loans in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, and our specialty finance loans and leases are generally
made to large corporate obligors that participate in stable industries nationwide.
Competition for Deposits
The combined population of the 26 counties where our branches are located is approximately 30.1 million,
and the number of banks and thrifts we compete with currently exceeds 320. With total deposits of $28.3 billion at
December 31, 2014, we ranked ninth among all bank and thrift depositories serving these 26 counties. We also
ranked first among all banks and thrifts in Essex County, New Jersey, third in Richmond County, and fourth in both
Queens and Nassau Counties in New York. (Market share information was provided by SNL Financial.) We also
compete for deposits with other financial institutions, including credit unions, Internet banks, and brokerage firms.
Our ability to attract and retain deposits is not only a function of short-term interest rates and industry
consolidation, but also the competitiveness of the rates being offered by other financial institutions within our
marketplace.
Competition for deposits is also influenced by several internal factors, including the opportunity to assume or
acquire deposits through business combinations; the cash flows produced through loan and securities repayments
and sales; and the availability of attractively priced wholesale funds. In addition, the degree to which we compete
for deposits is influenced by the liquidity needed to fund our loan production and other outstanding commitments.
We vie for deposits and customers by placing an emphasis on convenience and service and, from time to time,
by offering specific products at highly competitive rates. In addition to our 242 Community Bank branches and 30
Commercial Bank branches, we have 285 ATM locations, including 261 that operate 24 hours a day. Our customers
also have 24-hour access to their accounts through our bank-by-phone service and online through our three websites,
www.myNYCB.com, www.NewYorkCommercialBank.com, and www.NYCBfamily.com. We also offer certain
higher-paying money market accounts and certificates of deposit (“CDs”) through two dedicated websites,
www.myBankingDirect.com and www.AmTrustDirect.com. In addition, 38 of our Community Bank branches in
New York and New Jersey are “in-store” branches, including 37 that are located in supermarkets and one in a drug
store. Because of the proximity of these branches to our traditional locations, our customers have the option of doing
their banking seven days a week in many of the communities we serve. This service model is an important
component of our efforts to attract and maintain deposits in a highly competitive marketplace.
We also compete by complementing our broad selection of traditional banking products with an extensive
menu of alternative financial services, including annuities, life and long-term care insurance, and mutual funds of
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various third-party service providers. Furthermore, customers who come to us seeking a residential mortgage can
begin the application process by phone, online, or in any branch.
In addition to checking and savings accounts, Individual Retirement Accounts, and CDs for both businesses
and consumers, the Commercial Bank offers a suite of cash management products to address the needs of small and
mid-size businesses, municipal and county governments, school districts, and professional associations.
Another competitive advantage is our strong community presence, with April 14, 2014 having marked the
155th year of service of our forebear, Queens County Savings Bank. We have found that our longevity, as well as
our strong capital position, are especially appealing to customers seeking a strong, stable, and service-oriented bank.
Competition for Loans
Our success as a lender is substantially tied to the economic health of the markets where we lend. Local
economic conditions have a significant impact on loan demand, the value of the collateral securing our credits, and
the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans.
The competition we face for loans also varies with the type of loan we are originating. In New York City,
where the majority of the buildings collateralizing our multi-family loans are located, we compete for such loans on
the basis of timely service and the expertise that stems from being a specialist in this lending niche. In addition to
the money center, regional, and local banks we compete with in this market, we also compete with insurance
companies. Certain of the banks we compete with sell the loans they produce to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
While we anticipate that competition for multi-family loans will continue in the future, we believe that the
significant volume of multi-family loans we produced in 2014 and that are in our year-end pipeline are indicative of
our ability to compete for such loans.
Similarly, our ability to compete for CRE loans on a go-forward basis depends on the same factors that impact
our ability to compete for multi-family credits, and the degree to which other CRE lenders choose to increase their
loan production as local market conditions continue to improve.
While we continue to originate a limited number of one-to-four family, ADC, and C&I loans for investment,
such loans represent a small portion of our loan portfolio.
We also compete with a significant number of financial and non-financial institutions throughout the nation
that originate and aggregate one-to-four family loans for sale. Reflecting the volume of loans funded in 2014
through our mortgage banking business, we ranked among the 16 largest aggregators of one-to-four family loans in
the United States.
Environmental Issues
We encounter certain environmental risks in our lending activities. The existence of hazardous materials may
make it unattractive for a lender to foreclose on the properties securing its loans. In addition, under certain
conditions, lenders may become liable for the costs of cleaning up hazardous materials found on such properties. We
attempt to mitigate such environmental risks by requiring either that a borrower purchase environmental insurance
or that an appropriate environmental site assessment be completed as part of our underwriting review on the initial
granting of CRE and ADC loans, regardless of location, and of any out-of-state multi-family loans we may produce.
Depending on the results of an assessment, appropriate measures are taken to address the identified risks. In
addition, we order an updated environmental analysis prior to foreclosing on such properties, and typically hold
foreclosed multi-family, CRE, and ADC properties in subsidiaries.
Our attention to environmental risks also applies to the properties and facilities that house our bank
operations. Prior to acquiring a large-scale property, a Phase 1 Environmental Property Assessment is typically
performed by a licensed professional engineer to determine the integrity of, and/or the potential risk associated with,
the facility and the property on which it is built. Properties and facilities of a smaller scale are evaluated by qualified
in-house assessors, as well as by industry experts in environmental testing and remediation. This two-pronged
approach identifies potential risks associated with asbestos-containing material, above and underground storage
tanks, radon, electrical transformers (which may contain PCBs), ground water flow, storm and sanitary discharge,
and mold, among other environmental risks. These processes assist us in mitigating environmental risk by enabling
us to identify and address potential issues.
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Subsidiary Activities
The Community Bank has formed, or acquired through merger transactions, 32 active subsidiary corporations.
Of these, 21 are direct subsidiaries of the Community Bank and 11 are subsidiaries of Community Bank-owned
entities.
The 21 direct subsidiaries of the Community Bank are:
Name
DHB Real Estate, LLC
Mt. Sinai Ventures, LLC
Jurisdiction of
Organization
Arizona
Delaware
NYCB Mortgage Company, LLC
Delaware
Realty Funding Company, LLC
Delaware
Purpose
Organized to own interests in real estate
A joint venture partner in the development,
construction, and sale of a 177-unit golf course
community in Mt. Sinai, NY, all the units of which
were sold by December 31, 2006
Originates and aggregates one-to-four family loans
for sale, primarily servicing retained
Holding company for subsidiaries owning an interest
in real estate
NYCB Specialty Finance Company,
Massachusetts Originates asset-based loans, dealer floor-plan loans,
LLC
Eagle Rock Investment Corp.
New Jersey
Pacific Urban Renewal, Inc.
Synergy Capital Investments, Inc.
New Jersey
New Jersey
1400 Corp.
BSR 1400 Corp.
Bellingham Corp.
Blizzard Realty Corp.
CFS Investments, Inc.
Main Omni Realty Corp.
NYB Realty Holding Company, LLC
O.B. Ventures, LLC
RCBK Mortgage Corp.
RCSB Corporation
New York
New York
New York
New York
New York
New York
New York
New York
New York
New York
New York
RSB Agency, Inc.
Richmond Enterprises, Inc.
New York
Roslyn National Mortgage Corporation New York
and equipment loan and lease financing
Formed to hold and manage investment portfolios for
the Company
Owns a branch building
Formed to hold and manage investment portfolios for
the Company
Manages properties acquired by foreclosure while
they are being marketed for sale
Organized to own interests in real estate
Organized to own interests in real estate
Organized to own interests in real estate
Sells non-deposit investment products
Organized to own interests in real estate
Holding company for subsidiaries owning an interest
in real estate
A joint venture partner in a 370-unit residential
community in Plainview, New York, all the units of
which were sold by December 31, 2004
Organized to own interests in certain multi-family
loans
Owns a branch building, Ferry Development Holding
Company, and Woodhaven Investments, Inc.
Sells non-deposit investment products
Holding company for Peter B. Cannell & Co., Inc.
Formerly operated as a mortgage loan originator and
servicer and currently holds an interest in its former
office space
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The 11 subsidiaries of Community Bank-owned entities are:
Name
Columbia Preferred Capital Corporation Delaware
Jurisdiction of
Organization
Ferry Development Holding Company
Delaware
Peter B. Cannell & Co., Inc.
Delaware
Roslyn Real Estate Asset Corp.
Delaware
Walnut Realty Holding Company, LLC Delaware
Delaware
Woodhaven Investments, Inc.
Your New REO, LLC
Delaware
Ironbound Investment Company, Inc.
New Jersey
The Hamlet at Olde Oyster Bay, LLC
New York
The Hamlet at Willow Creek, LLC
New York
Richmond County Capital Corporation
New York
Purpose
A real estate investment trust (“REIT”) organized for
the purpose of investing in mortgage-related assets
Formed to hold and manage investment portfolios for
the Company
Advises high net worth individuals and institutions on
the management of their assets
A REIT organized for the purpose of investing in
mortgage-related assets
Established to own Bank-owned properties
Holding company for Roslyn Real Estate Asset Corp.
and Ironbound Investment Company, Inc.
Owns a website that lists bank-owned properties for
sale
A REIT organized for the purpose of investing in
mortgage-related assets that also is the principal
shareholder of Richmond County Capital Corp.
Organized as a joint venture, part-owned by O.B.
Ventures, LLC
Organized as a joint venture, part-owned by Mt. Sinai
Ventures, LLC
A REIT organized for the purpose of investing in
mortgage-related assets that also is the principal
shareholder of Columbia Preferred Capital Corp.
There are 86 additional entities that are subsidiaries of a Community Bank-owned entity organized to own
interests in real estate.
The Commercial Bank has four active subsidiary corporations, two of which are subsidiaries of Commercial
Bank-owned entities.
The two direct subsidiaries of the Commercial Bank are:
Name
Beta Investments, Inc.
Jurisdiction of
Organization
Delaware
Gramercy Leasing Services, Inc.
New York
Purpose
Holding company for Omega Commercial Mortgage
Corp. and Long Island Commercial Capital Corp.
Provides equipment lease financing
The two subsidiaries of Commercial Bank-owned entities are:
Name
Omega Commercial Mortgage Corp.
Jurisdiction of
Organization
Delaware
Long Island Commercial Capital Corp.
New York
Purpose
A REIT organized for the purpose of investing in
mortgage-related assets
A REIT organized for the purpose of investing in
mortgage-related assets
There are four additional entities that are subsidiaries of the Commercial Bank that are organized to own
interests in real estate.
The Company owns special business trusts that were formed for the purpose of issuing capital and common
securities and investing the proceeds thereof in the junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company. Please
see Note 8, “Borrowed Funds,” in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” for a further discussion
of the Company’s special business trusts.
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The Company also has one non-banking subsidiary that was established in connection with the acquisition of
Atlantic Bank of New York in 2006.
Personnel
At December 31, 2014, the number of full-time equivalent employees was 3,416. Our employees are not
represented by a collective bargaining unit, and we consider our relationship with our employees to be good.
Federal, State, and Local Taxation
The Company is subject to federal, state, and local income taxes. Please see the discussion of “Income Taxes”
in “Critical Accounting Policies” in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations,” later in this annual report.
Regulation and Supervision
General
The Community Bank is a New York State-chartered savings bank and its deposit accounts are insured under
the Deposit Insurance Fund (the “DIF”) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) up to applicable
legal limits. The Commercial Bank is a New York State-chartered commercial bank and its deposit accounts also are
insured by the DIF up to applicable legal limits.
Both the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are subject to regulation and supervision by the New
York State Department of Financial Services (the “NYDFS”), as their chartering agency; by the FDIC, as their
insurer of deposits; and by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”), which was created under the
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) in 2011 to implement and
enforce consumer protection laws applying to banks.
The Banks must file reports with the NYDFS, the FDIC, and the CFPB concerning their activities and
financial condition, and are periodically examined by the NYDFS, the CFPB, and the FDIC to assess compliance
with various regulatory requirements, including safety and soundness considerations. This regulation and
supervision establishes a comprehensive framework of activities in which a savings bank and a commercial bank
can engage, and is intended primarily for the protection of the insurance fund and depositors. The regulatory
structure also gives the regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and
enforcement activities and examination policies, including policies with respect to the classification of assets and the
establishment of adequate loan loss allowances for regulatory purposes. Moreover, the Banks would have to obtain
regulatory approvals prior to entering into certain transactions such as mergers with, or acquisitions of, other
depository institutions. Any changes in such regulations, whether by the NYDFS, the CFPB, the FDIC, or through
legislation, could have a material adverse impact on the Company, the Banks and their operations, and the
Company’s shareholders.
The Company is subject to examination, regulation, and periodic reporting under the Bank Holding Company
Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”), as administered by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
(the “FRB”). In addition, the Company is periodically examined by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the
“FRB-NY”). Besides filing certain reports under, and otherwise complying with, the rules and regulations of the
FRB, the Company is required to file certain reports under, and otherwise comply with, the rules and regulations of
the FDIC, the NYDFS, and the SEC under federal securities laws. Furthermore, the Company would be required to
obtain the prior approval of the FRB to acquire all, or substantially all, of the assets of any bank or bank holding
company.
In addition, on September 3, 2014, the FRB and other banking regulators adopted final rules implementing a
U.S. version of the Basel Committee’s Liquidity Coverage Ratio (the “LCR”) requirement. The LCR requirement,
including the modified version applicable to bank holding companies with $50 billion or more in total consolidated
assets that have not opted to use the “advanced approaches” risk-based capital rule, requires a banking organization
to maintain an amount of unencumbered “high-quality liquid assets” to be at least equal to the amount of its total net
cash outflows over a 30-day stress period. Only specific classes of assets qualify under the rule as high-quality assets
(the numerator of the LCR), with riskier classes of assets subject to haircuts and caps. The total net cash outflow
amount (the denominator of the LCR) is determined under the rule by applying outflow and inflow rates that reflect
certain standardized assumptions against the balances of the banking organization’s funding sources, obligations,
transactions, and assets over a 30-day stress period. Inflows that can be included to offset outflows are limited to
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75% of outflows (which effectively means that banking organizations must hold high-quality liquid assets equal to
25% of outflows even if outflows perfectly match inflows over the stress period).
The initial compliance date for the modified LCR will be January 2016, with the requirement fully phased in
by January 2017. Although we are not currently subject to the modified LCR requirements, were we to have average
total consolidated assets over the four most recent quarters in excess of $50 billion, we would have to comply with
the requirements of the modified LCR beginning on the first day of the first quarter after which we exceed that
threshold. The modified LCR is a minimum requirement, and the FRB can impose additional liquidity requirements
as a supervisory matter.
Certain of the regulatory requirements applicable to the Community Bank, the Commercial Bank, and the
Company are referred to below or elsewhere herein. However, such discussion is not meant to be a complete
explanation of all laws and regulations and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the actual laws and regulations.
The Dodd-Frank Act
The Dodd-Frank Act has significantly changed the current bank regulatory structure and will continue to
affect, into the immediate future, the lending and investment activities and general operations of depository
institutions and their holding companies.
In addition to creating the CFPB, the Dodd-Frank Act requires that the FRB establish minimum consolidated
capital requirements for bank holding companies that are as stringent as those required for insured depository
institutions; and that the components of Tier 1 capital be restricted to capital instruments that are currently
considered to be Tier 1 capital for insured depository institutions. In addition, the proceeds of trust preferred
securities will be excluded from Tier 1 capital unless (i) such securities are issued by bank holding companies with
assets of less than $500 million, or (ii) such securities were issued prior to May 19, 2010 by bank or savings and
loan holding companies with assets of less than $15 billion. As a result, only 25% of the Company’s trust preferred
securities will be included in Tier 1 capital in 2015, and none will be included in 2016.
Furthermore, the Dodd-Frank Act created a new supervisory structure for oversight of the U.S. financial
system, including the establishment of a new council of regulators, the Financial Stability Oversight Council, to
monitor and address systemic risks to the financial system. Non-bank financial companies that are deemed to be
significant to the stability of the U.S. financial system and all bank holding companies with $50 billion or more in
total consolidated assets will be subject to heightened supervision and regulation. The FRB will implement
prudential requirements and prompt corrective action procedures for such companies.
The Dodd-Frank Act made many additional changes in banking regulation, including: authorizing depository
institutions, for the first time, to pay interest on business checking accounts; requiring originators of securitized
loans to retain a percentage of the risk for transferred loans; establishing regulatory rate-setting for certain debit card
interchange fees; and establishing a number of reforms for mortgage lending and consumer protection.
The Dodd-Frank Act also broadened the base for FDIC insurance assessments. The FDIC was required to
promulgate rules revising its assessment system so that it would be based not on deposits, but on the average
consolidated total assets less the tangible equity capital of an insured institution. That rule took effect on April 1,
2011. The Dodd-Frank Act also permanently increased the maximum amount of deposit insurance for banks,
savings institutions, and credit unions to $250,000 per depositor, retroactive to January 1, 2008.
Many of the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act are not yet effective. The Dodd-Frank Act requires various
federal agencies to promulgate numerous and extensive implementing regulations over the next several years.
Although it therefore is difficult to predict at this time what impact the Dodd-Frank Act and the implementing
regulations will have on the Company and the Banks, they may have a material impact on operations through,
among other things, heightened regulatory supervision and increased compliance costs.
Current Capital Requirements
FDIC Capital Requirements
The FDIC has adopted risk-based capital guidelines to which the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank
are subject. The guidelines establish a systematic analytical framework that makes regulatory capital requirements
sensitive to differences in risk profiles among banking organizations. The Community Bank and the Commercial
Bank are required to maintain certain levels of regulatory capital in relation to regulatory risk-weighted assets. The
ratio of such regulatory capital to regulatory risk-weighted assets is referred to as a “risk-based capital ratio.” Risk-
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based capital ratios are determined by allocating assets and specified off-balance sheet items to four risk-weighted
categories ranging from 0% to 100%, with higher levels of capital being required for the categories perceived as
representing greater risk.
These guidelines divide an institution’s capital into two tiers. The first tier (“Tier 1”) includes common equity,
retained earnings, certain non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock (excluding auction rate issues), and minority
interests in equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and other intangible assets (except mortgage
servicing rights and purchased credit card relationships subject to certain limitations). Supplementary (“Tier 2”)
capital includes, among other items, cumulative perpetual and long-term limited-life preferred stock; mandatorily
convertible securities; certain hybrid capital instruments; term subordinated debt; and the allowance for loan losses,
subject to certain limitations; and up to 45% of pre-tax net unrealized gains on equity securities with readily
determinable fair market values, less required deductions. Savings banks and commercial banks are required to
maintain a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 8%, of which at least 4% must be Tier 1 capital.
In addition, the FDIC has established regulations prescribing a minimum Tier 1 leverage capital ratio (the ratio
of Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets as specified in the regulations). These regulations provide for a minimum
Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 3% for institutions that meet certain specified criteria, including that they have the
highest examination rating and are not experiencing or anticipating significant growth. All other institutions are
required to maintain a Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of at least 4%. The FDIC may, however, set higher leverage and
risk-based capital requirements on individual institutions when particular circumstances warrant. Institutions
experiencing or anticipating significant growth are expected to maintain capital ratios, including tangible capital
positions, well above the minimum levels.
As of December 31, 2014, the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank were deemed to be well
capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, a
bank must maintain a minimum Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 5%, a minimum Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6%,
and a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 10%. A summary of the regulatory capital ratios of the Banks at
December 31, 2014 appears in Note 18, “Regulatory Matters” in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.”
The regulatory capital regulations of the FDIC and other federal banking agencies provide that the agencies
will take into account the exposure of an institution’s capital and economic value to changes in interest rate risk in
assessing capital adequacy. According to such agencies, applicable considerations include the quality of the
institution’s interest rate risk management process, overall financial condition, and the level of other risks at the
institution for which capital is needed. Institutions with significant interest rate risk may be required to hold
additional capital. The agencies have issued a joint policy statement providing guidance on interest rate risk
management, including a discussion of the critical factors affecting the agencies’ evaluation of interest rate risk in
connection with capital adequacy. Institutions that engage in specified amounts of trading activity may be subject to
adjustments in the calculation of the risk-based capital requirement to assure sufficient additional capital to support
market risk.
Federal Reserve Board Capital Requirements
The FRB has adopted capital adequacy guidelines for bank holding companies (on a consolidated basis) that
are substantially similar to, but somewhat less stringent than, those of the FDIC for the Community Bank and the
Commercial Bank. At December 31, 2014, the Company’s consolidated Total and Tier 1 capital exceeded these
requirements.
The Dodd-Frank Act required the FRB to issue consolidated regulatory capital requirements for bank holding
companies that are at least as stringent as those applicable to insured depository institutions. Such regulations
eliminated the use of certain instruments, such as cumulative preferred stock and trust preferred securities, as Tier 1
holding company capital. However, instruments issued before May 19, 2010 by bank holding companies with more
than $15 billion of consolidated assets are subject to a three-year phase-out from inclusion as Tier 1 capital,
beginning January 1, 2013. As a result, only 25% of the Company’s trust preferred securities will be included in Tier
1 capital in 2015, and none will be included in 2016. Based on our balance of trust preferred securities at
December 31, 2014, and absent any reduction in that balance during the period ending January 1, 2016, the
elimination of such instruments would be expected to reduce our capital by $345.6 million, or 9.3%, at the end of
the phase-in, and reduce our Tier 1 leverage capital ratio by 74 basis points at that date.
Bank holding companies are generally required to give the FRB prior written notice of any purchase or
redemption of its outstanding equity securities if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when
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combined with the net consideration paid for all such purchases or redemptions during the preceding twelve months,
is equal to 10% or more of the Company’s consolidated net worth. The FRB may disapprove such a purchase or
redemption if it determines that the proposal would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice, or would violate any
law, regulation, FRB order or directive, or any condition imposed by, or written agreement with, the FRB or the
FRB-NY. The FRB has adopted an exception to this approval requirement for well-capitalized bank holding
companies that meet certain other conditions.
Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action
Federal law requires, among other things, that federal bank regulatory authorities take “prompt corrective
action” with respect to institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. For such purposes, the law
establishes five capital tiers: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly
undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized.
The FDIC has adopted regulations to implement prompt corrective action. Among other things, the regulations
define the relevant capital measures for the five capital categories. For the period ended December 31, 2014, an
institution was deemed to be “well capitalized” if it had a total risk-based capital ratio of 10% or greater, a Tier 1
risk-based capital ratio of 6% or greater, and a leverage capital ratio of 5% or greater, and was not subject to a
regulatory order, agreement, or directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. An
institution was deemed to be “adequately capitalized” if it had a total risk-based capital ratio of 8% or greater, a Tier
1 risk-based capital ratio of 4% or greater, and generally a leverage capital ratio of 4% or greater. An institution was
deemed to be “undercapitalized” if it had a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 8%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital
ratio of less than 4%, or generally a leverage capital ratio of less than 4%. An institution was deemed to be
“significantly undercapitalized” if it had a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital
ratio of less than 3%, or a leverage capital ratio of less than 3%. An institution was deemed to be “critically
undercapitalized” if it had a ratio of tangible equity (as defined in the regulations) to total assets that was equal to or
less than 2%.
As a result of U.S. bank regulations implementing Basel III, new definitions of the relevant measures for the
five capital categories will take effect on January 1, 2015, as further described below under “Basel III.” Effective
that date, an institution is deemed to be “well capitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10% or greater, a
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8% or greater, a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.5% or greater,
and a leverage capital ratio of 5% or greater, and is not subject to a regulatory order, agreement, or directive to meet
and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. An institution is deemed to be “adequately capitalized”
if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6% or greater, a common
equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.5% or greater, and generally a leverage capital ratio of 4% or greater. An
institution is deemed to be “undercapitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 8%, a Tier 1 risk-
based capital ratio of less than 6%, a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.5%, or generally a
leverage capital ratio of less than 4%. An institution is deemed to be “significantly undercapitalized” if it has a total
risk-based capital ratio of less than 6%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4%, a common equity Tier 1
risk-based capital ratio of less than 3%, or a leverage capital ratio of less than 3%. An institution is deemed to be
“critically undercapitalized” if it has a ratio of tangible equity (as defined in the regulations) to total assets that is
equal to or less than 2%.
“Undercapitalized” institutions are subject to growth, capital distribution (including dividend), and other
limitations, and are required to submit a capital restoration plan. An institution’s compliance with such a plan is
required to be guaranteed by any company that controls the undercapitalized institution in an amount equal to the
lesser of 5% of the bank’s total assets when deemed undercapitalized or the amount necessary to achieve the status
of adequately capitalized. If an undercapitalized institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is
“significantly undercapitalized.” Significantly undercapitalized institutions are subject to one or more additional
restrictions including, but not limited to, an order by the FDIC to sell sufficient voting stock to become adequately
capitalized; requirements to reduce total assets, cease receipt of deposits from correspondent banks, or dismiss
directors or officers; and restrictions on interest rates paid on deposits, compensation of executive officers, and
capital distributions by the parent holding company.
Beginning 60 days after becoming “critically undercapitalized,” critically undercapitalized institutions also
may not make any payment of principal or interest on certain subordinated debt, extend credit for a highly leveraged
transaction, or enter into any material transaction outside the ordinary course of business. In addition, subject to a
narrow exception, the appointment of a receiver is required for a critically undercapitalized institution within 270
days after it obtains such status.
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Basel III
On July 9, 2013, the federal bank regulatory agencies issued a final rule that revised their risk-based capital
requirements and the method for calculating risk-weighted assets to make them consistent with agreements that were
reached by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (“Basel III”) and certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank
Act. The final rule, which became effective on January 1, 2015, applies to all depository institutions, top-tier bank
holding companies with total consolidated assets of $500 million or more, and top-tier savings and loan holding
companies.
The rule established a new common equity Tier 1 minimum capital requirement (4.5% of risk-weighted
assets), increases the minimum Tier 1 capital to risk-based assets requirement (from 4.0% to 6.0% of risk-weighted
assets), and assigned a higher risk weight (150%) to exposures that are more than 90 days past due or are on
nonaccrual status, and to certain commercial real estate facilities that finance the acquisition, development, or
construction of real property.
The rule also changed what constitutes regulatory capital. These changes include the phasing-out of certain
instruments as qualifying capital. In addition, Tier 2 capital is no longer limited to the amount of Tier 1 capital
included in total capital. Mortgage servicing rights, certain deferred tax assets, and investments in unconsolidated
subsidiaries over designated percentages of common stock are required to be deducted from capital. Finally, Tier 1
capital includes accumulated other comprehensive income (which includes all unrealized gains and losses on
available-for-sale debt and equity securities).
The capital requirements also changed the risk weights of assets to better reflect credit risk and other risk
exposures. These include a 150% risk weight (up from 100%) for certain high-volatility commercial real estate
acquisition, development, and construction loans and non-residential mortgage loans that are 90 days past due or
otherwise on non-accrual status; a 20% (up from 0%) credit conversion factor for the unused portion of a
commitment with an original maturity of one year or less that is not unconditionally cancelable; a 250% risk weight
(up from 100%) for mortgage servicing rights and certain deferred tax assets that are not deducted from capital; and
increased risk-weights (from 0% to up to 600%) for equity exposures.
Finally, the rule limits capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments if the banking
organization does not hold a “capital conservation buffer” consisting of 2.5% of common equity Tier 1 capital to
risk-weighted assets in addition to the amount necessary to meet its minimum risk-based capital requirements.
The capital conservation buffer requirement will be phased in beginning January 1, 2016, at 0.625% of risk-
weighted assets, and increase each year until fully implemented at 2.5% on January 1, 2019.
It is management’s belief that, as of December 31, 2014, we would have met all capital adequacy
requirements under the new capital rules on a fully phased-in basis if such requirements had been effective at that
date. In addition, reflecting a good faith estimate of the Company’s CET1 and risk-weighted assets, as computed in
accordance with the methodologies set forth in the Basel III Capital Rules, management estimates that the
Company’s ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets, on a fully phased-in basis, was approximately 10.85% at
December 31, 2014.
Stress Testing
Stress Testing for Banks with Assets of $10 Billion to $50 Billion
On October 9, 2012, the FDIC and the FRB issued final rules requiring certain large insured depository
institutions and bank holding companies to conduct annual capital-adequacy stress tests. Recognizing that banks and
their parent holding companies may have different primary federal regulators, the FDIC and FRB have attempted to
ensure that the standards of the final rules are consistent and comparable in the areas of scope of application,
scenarios, data collection, reporting, and disclosure. To implement section 165(i) of the Dodd-Frank Act, the rules
would apply to FDIC-insured state non-member banks and bank holding companies with total consolidated assets of
more than $10 billion (“covered institutions”). The final rules delayed implementation for covered institutions with
total consolidated assets of between $10 billion and $50 billion until October 2013. The final rule requirement for
public disclosure of a summary of the stress testing results for these $10 billion-$50 billion covered institutions will
be implemented starting with the 2014 stress test, with the disclosure occurring by June 30, 2015. The final rules
define a stress test as a process to assess the potential impact of economic and financial scenarios on the
consolidated earnings, losses, and capital of the covered institution over a set planning horizon, taking into account
the current condition of the covered institution and its risks, exposures, strategies, and activities.
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Under the rules, each covered institution with between $10 billion and $50 billion in assets would be required
to conduct annual stress tests using the bank’s and the bank holding company’s financial data as of September 30 of
that year to assess the potential impact of different scenarios on the consolidated earnings and capital of that bank
and its holding company and certain related items over a nine-quarter forward-looking planning horizon, taking into
account all relevant exposures and activities. On or before March 31 of each year, each covered institution,
including the Community Bank and the Company, would be required to report to the FDIC and the FRB,
respectively, in the manner and form prescribed in the rules, the results of the stress tests conducted by the covered
institution during the immediately preceding year. Based on the information provided by a covered institution in the
required reports to the FDIC and the FRB, as well as other relevant information, the FDIC and FRB would conduct
an analysis of the quality of the covered institution’s stress test processes and related results. The FDIC and FRB
envision that feedback concerning such analysis would be provided to a covered institution through the supervisory
process.
Consistent with the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act, the rule would require each covered institution to
publish a summary of the results of its annual stress tests within 90 days of the required date for submitting its stress
test report to the FDIC and the FRB. As discussed below, if the average of our total consolidated assets over the four
most recent quarters were to exceed $50 billion, the Company would become subject to a different set of FRB stress
test regulations.
Stress Testing for Large Bank Holding Companies
If the average of the Company’s total consolidated assets over the four most recent quarters were to reach or
exceed $50 billion, the Company would become subject to a different set of stress testing regulations administered
by the FRB under its capital plan rule and related supervisory process, the Comprehensive Capital Analysis and
Review (“CCAR”). Under this scenario, the FRB will use its own models to evaluate whether each covered
company has the capital, on a total consolidated basis, necessary to continue operating under the economic and
financial market conditions of each scenario. The FRB’s analysis will include an assessment of the projected losses,
net income, and pro forma capital levels and the regulatory capital ratio, tier 1 common ratio, and other capital ratios
for the covered company, and use such analytical techniques that the FRB determines to be appropriate to identify,
measure, and monitor risks of the covered company that may affect the financial stability of the United States.
The aim of the annual review is to ensure that large, complex banking institutions have robust, forward-
looking capital planning processes that account for their unique risks, and to help ensure that institutions have
sufficient capital to continue operations throughout times of economic and financial stress. Covered companies will
be expected to have credible plans that show they have sufficient capital to continue to lend to households and
businesses even under severely adverse conditions, and are well prepared to meet Basel III regulatory capital
standards as they are implemented in the United States.
A covered company’s capital adequacy will be assessed against a number of quantitative and qualitative
criteria, including projected performance under the stress scenarios provided by the FRB and the covered company’s
internal scenarios. Boards of directors of covered companies are required to review and approve capital plans before
submitting them to the FRB.
If the Company were to exceed the $50 billion asset threshold described above on or before March 31st of a
given year, it would be subject to these stress test requirements beginning on January 1st of the next calendar year
(i.e., the first year after it became a large banking holding company). If the Company were to exceed the $50 billion
asset threshold after March 31st of a given year, it would not be subject to these stress test requirements until
January 1st of the second calendar year after the year in which it became a large banking holding company.
Standards for Safety and Soundness
Federal law requires each federal banking agency to prescribe, for the depository institutions under its
jurisdiction, standards that relate to, among other things, internal controls; information and audit systems; loan
documentation; credit underwriting; the monitoring of interest rate risk; asset growth; compensation; fees and
benefits; and such other operational and managerial standards as the agency deems appropriate. The federal banking
agencies adopted final regulations and Interagency Guidelines Establishing Standards for Safety and Soundness (the
“Guidelines”) to implement these safety and soundness standards. The Guidelines set forth the safety and soundness
standards that the federal banking agencies use to identify and address problems at insured depository institutions
before capital becomes impaired. If the appropriate federal banking agency determines that an institution fails to
meet any standard prescribed by the Guidelines, the agency may require the institution to provide it with an
acceptable plan to achieve compliance with the standard, as required by the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as
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amended, (the “FDI Act”). The final regulations establish deadlines for the submission and review of such safety
and soundness compliance plans.
FDIC Regulations
The discussion that follows pertains to FDIC Regulations other than those already discussed on the preceding
pages.
Real Estate Lending Standards
The FDIC and the other federal banking agencies have adopted regulations that prescribe standards for
extensions of credit that (i) are secured by real estate, or (ii) are made for the purpose of financing construction or
improvements on real estate. The FDIC regulations require each institution to establish and maintain written internal
real estate lending standards that are consistent with safe and sound banking practices, and appropriate to the size of
the institution and the nature and scope of its real estate lending activities. The standards also must be consistent
with accompanying FDIC Guidelines, which include loan-to-value limitations for the different types of real estate
loans. Institutions are also permitted to make a limited amount of loans that do not conform to the proposed loan-to-
value limitations so long as such exceptions are reviewed and justified appropriately. The Guidelines also list a
number of lending situations in which exceptions to the loan-to-value standard are justified.
The FDIC, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the FRB (collectively, the “Agencies”) also
have issued joint guidance entitled “Concentrations in Commercial Real Estate Lending, Sound Risk Management
Practices” (the “CRE Guidance”). The CRE Guidance, which addresses land development, construction, and certain
multi-family loans, as well as CRE loans, does not establish specific lending limits but, rather, reinforces and
enhances the Agencies’ existing regulations and guidelines for such lending and portfolio management.
Dividend Limitations
The FDIC has authority to use its enforcement powers to prohibit a savings bank or commercial bank from
paying dividends if, in its opinion, the payment of dividends would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. Federal
law prohibits the payment of dividends that will result in the institution failing to meet applicable capital
requirements on a pro forma basis. The Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are also subject to dividend
declaration restrictions imposed by, and as later discussed under, “New York State Law.”
Investment Activities
Since the enactment of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), all
state-chartered financial institutions, including savings banks, commercial banks, and their subsidiaries, have
generally been limited to such activities as principal and equity investments of the type, and in the amount,
authorized for national banks. State law, FDICIA, and FDIC regulations permit certain exceptions to these
limitations. For example, certain state-chartered savings banks, such as the Community Bank, may, with FDIC
approval, continue to exercise state authority to invest in common or preferred stocks listed on a national securities
exchange and in the shares of an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended. Such banks may also continue to sell Savings Bank Life Insurance. In addition, the FDIC is authorized to
permit institutions to engage in state-authorized activities or investments not permitted for national banks (other than
non-subsidiary equity investments) for institutions that meet all applicable capital requirements if it is determined
that such activities or investments do not pose a significant risk to the insurance fund. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
of 1999 and FDIC regulations impose certain quantitative and qualitative restrictions on such activities and on a
bank’s dealings with a subsidiary that engages in specified activities.
The Community Bank received grandfathering authority from the FDIC in 1993 to invest in listed stock and/or
registered shares subject to the maximum permissible investments of 100% of Tier 1 capital, as specified by the
FDIC’s regulations, or the maximum amount permitted by New York State Banking Law, whichever is less. Such
grandfathering authority is subject to termination upon the FDIC’s determination that such investments pose a safety
and soundness risk to the Community Bank, or in the event that the Community Bank converts its charter or
undergoes a change in control.
Enforcement
The FDIC has extensive enforcement authority over insured banks, including the Community Bank and the
Commercial Bank. This enforcement authority includes, among other things, the ability to assess civil money
penalties, to issue cease and desist orders, and to remove directors and officers. In general, these enforcement
actions may be initiated in response to violations of laws and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices.
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The FDIC has authority under federal law to appoint a conservator or receiver for an insured institution under
certain circumstances. The FDIC is required, with certain exceptions, to appoint a receiver or conservator for an
insured institution if that institution was critically undercapitalized on average during the calendar quarter beginning
270 days after the date on which the institution became critically undercapitalized. For this purpose, “critically
undercapitalized” means having a ratio of tangible equity to total assets of less than 2%. Please see “Prompt
Corrective Regulatory Action” earlier in this report.
The FDIC may also appoint a conservator or receiver for an insured institution on the basis of the institution’s
financial condition or upon the occurrence of certain events, including (i) insolvency (whereby the assets of the bank
are less than its liabilities to depositors and others); (ii) substantial dissipation of assets or earnings through
violations of law or unsafe or unsound practices; (iii) existence of an unsafe or unsound condition to transact
business; (iv) likelihood that the bank will be unable to meet the demands of its depositors or to pay its obligations
in the normal course of business; and (v) insufficient capital, or the incurrence or likely incurrence of losses that will
deplete substantially all of the institution’s capital with no reasonable prospect of replenishment of capital without
federal assistance.
Insurance of Deposit Accounts
The deposits of the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are insured up to applicable limits by the
DIF. The DIF is the successor to the Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings Association Insurance Fund, which were
merged in 2006. Due to the decline in economic conditions, the deposit insurance provided by the FDIC per account
owner was raised to $250,000 for all types of accounts in 2008. That change, initially intended to be temporary, was
made permanent by the Dodd-Frank Act.
Under the FDIC’s risk-based assessment system, insured institutions are assigned to one of four risk
categories based upon supervisory evaluations, regulatory capital level, and certain other factors, with less risky
institutions paying lower assessments. An institution’s assessment rate depends upon the category to which it is
assigned and certain other factors. On February 7, 2011, as required by the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC published a
final rule to revise the deposit insurance assessment system. The rule, which took effect April 1, 2011, changed the
assessment base used for calculating deposit insurance assessments from deposits to total assets less tangible (Tier
1) capital. Since the new base is larger than the previous base, the FDIC also lowered assessment rates so that the
rule would not significantly alter the total amount of revenue collected from the industry. The range of adjusted
assessment rates is now 2.5 to 45 basis points of the new assessment base; the Community Bank’s assessment was
within the lower part of that range in 2014, as was the assessment of the Commercial Bank.
The Dodd-Frank Act increased the minimum target DIF ratio from 1.15% of estimated insured deposits to
1.35% of estimated insured deposits. The FDIC must seek to achieve the 1.35% ratio by September 30, 2020.
Insured institutions with assets of $10 billion or more are supposed to fund the increase. The Dodd-Frank Act
eliminated the 1.5% maximum fund ratio, leaving it, instead, to the discretion of the FDIC. The FDIC has recently
exercised that discretion by establishing a long-range fund ratio of 2%, which could result in our paying higher
deposit insurance premiums in the future.
Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that the institution has engaged in unsafe
or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law,
regulation, rule, order, or condition imposed by the FDIC. Management does not know of any practice, condition, or
violation that would lead to termination of the deposit insurance of either of the Banks.
Holding Company Regulation
Federal Regulation
The Company is currently subject to examination, regulation, and periodic reporting under the BHCA, as
administered by the FRB.
The Company is required to obtain the prior approval of the FRB to acquire all, or substantially all, of the
assets of any bank or bank holding company. Prior FRB approval would be required for the Company to acquire
direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting securities of any bank or bank holding company if, after giving
effect to such acquisition, it would, directly or indirectly, own or control more than 5% of any class of voting shares
of such bank or bank holding company. In addition, before any bank acquisition can be completed, prior approval
thereof may also be required to be obtained from other agencies having supervisory jurisdiction over the bank to be
acquired, including the NYDFS.
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FRB regulations generally prohibit a bank holding company from engaging in, or acquiring, direct or indirect
control of more than 5% of the voting securities of any company engaged in non-banking activities. One of the
principal exceptions to this prohibition is for activities found by the FRB to be so closely related to banking or
managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto. Some of the principal activities that the FRB has
determined by regulation to be so closely related to banking are: (i) making or servicing loans; (ii) performing
certain data processing services; (iii) providing discount brokerage services; (iv) acting as fiduciary, investment, or
financial advisor; (v) leasing personal or real property; (vi) making investments in corporations or projects designed
primarily to promote community welfare; and (vii) acquiring a savings and loan association.
The FRB has issued a policy statement regarding the payment of dividends by bank holding companies. In
general, the FRB’s policies provide that dividends should be paid only out of current earnings and only if the
prospective rate of earnings retention by the bank holding company appears consistent with the organization’s
capital needs, asset quality, and overall financial condition. The FRB’s policies also require that a bank holding
company serve as a source of financial strength to its subsidiary banks by standing ready to use available resources
to provide adequate capital funds to those banks during periods of financial stress or adversity, and by maintaining
the financial flexibility and capital-raising capacity to obtain additional resources for assisting its subsidiary banks
where necessary. The Dodd-Frank Act codifies the source of financial strength policy and requires regulations to
facilitate its application. Under the prompt corrective action laws, the ability of a bank holding company to pay
dividends may be restricted if a subsidiary bank becomes undercapitalized. These regulatory policies could affect
the ability of the Company to pay dividends or otherwise engage in capital distributions.
Under the FDI Act, a depository institution may be liable to the FDIC for losses caused the DIF if a
commonly controlled depository institution were to fail. The Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are
commonly controlled within the meaning of that law.
The status of the Company as a registered bank holding company under the BHCA does not exempt it from
certain federal and state laws and regulations applicable to corporations generally, including, without limitation,
certain provisions of the federal securities laws.
The Company, the Community Bank, the Commercial Bank, and their respective affiliates are affected by the
monetary and fiscal policies of various agencies of the United States government, including the Federal Reserve
System. In view of changing conditions in the national economy and the money markets, it is difficult for
management to accurately predict future changes in monetary policy or the effect of such changes on the business or
financial condition of the Company, the Community Bank, or the Commercial Bank.
New York State Regulation
The Company is subject to regulation as a “multi-bank holding company” under New York State law since it
controls two banking institutions. Among other requirements, this means that the Company must receive the
approval of the New York State Banking Board prior to the acquisition of 10% or more of the voting stock of
another banking institution, or to otherwise acquire a banking institution by merger or purchase.
Transactions with Affiliates
Under current federal law, transactions between depository institutions and their affiliates are governed by
Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and the FRB’s Regulation W promulgated thereunder. An affiliate
of a savings bank or commercial bank is any company or entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common
control with, the institution, other than a subsidiary. Generally, an institution’s subsidiaries are not treated as
affiliates unless they are engaged in activities as principal that are not permissible for national banks. In a holding
company context, at a minimum, the parent holding company of an institution, and any companies that are
controlled by such parent holding company, are affiliates of the institution. Generally, Section 23A limits the extent
to which the institution or its subsidiaries may engage in “covered transactions” with any one affiliate to an amount
equal to 10% of the institution’s capital stock and surplus, and contains an aggregate limit on all such transactions
with all affiliates to an amount equal to 20% of such capital stock and surplus. The term “covered transaction”
includes the making of loans or other extensions of credit to an affiliate; the purchase of assets from an affiliate; the
purchase of, or an investment in, the securities of an affiliate; the acceptance of securities of an affiliate as collateral
for a loan or extension of credit to any person; or issuance of a guarantee, acceptance, or letter of credit on behalf of
an affiliate. Section 23A also establishes specific collateral requirements for loans or extensions of credit to, or
guarantees or acceptances on letters of credit issued on behalf of, an affiliate. Section 23B requires that covered
transactions and a broad list of other specified transactions be on terms substantially the same as, or at least as
favorable to, the institution or its subsidiary as similar transactions with non-affiliates.
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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 generally prohibits loans by the Company to its executive officers and
directors. However, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act contains a specific exemption for loans by an institution to its executive
officers and directors in compliance with federal banking laws. Section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act, and FRB
Regulation O adopted thereunder, govern loans by a savings bank or commercial bank to directors, executive
officers, and principal shareholders. Under Section 22(h), loans to directors, executive officers, and shareholders
who control, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of voting securities of an institution, and certain related interests of
any of the foregoing, may not exceed, together with all other outstanding loans to such persons and affiliated
entities, the institution’s total capital and surplus. Section 22(h) also prohibits loans above amounts prescribed by the
appropriate federal banking agency to directors, executive officers, and shareholders who control 10% or more of
the voting securities of an institution, and their respective related interests, unless such loan is approved in advance
by a majority of the board of the institution’s directors. Any “interested” director may not participate in the voting.
The loan amount (which includes all other outstanding loans to such person) as to which such prior board of director
approval is required, is the greater of $25,000 or 5% of capital and surplus or any loans aggregating over $500,000.
Further, pursuant to Section 22(h), loans to directors, executive officers, and principal shareholders must be made on
terms substantially the same as those offered in comparable transactions to other persons. There is an exception for
loans made pursuant to a benefit or compensation program that is widely available to all employees of the institution
and does not give preference to executive officers over other employees. Section 22(g) of the Federal Reserve Act
places additional limitations on loans to executive officers.
Community Reinvestment Act
Federal Regulation
Under the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”), as implemented by FDIC regulations, an institution has a
continuing and affirmative obligation consistent with its safe and sound operation to help meet the credit needs of its
entire community, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. The CRA does not establish specific lending
requirements or programs for financial institutions, nor does it limit an institution’s discretion to develop the types
of products and services that it believes are best suited to its particular community, consistent with the CRA. The
CRA requires the FDIC, in connection with its examinations, to assess the institution’s record of meeting the credit
needs of its community and to take such record into account in its evaluation of certain applications by such
institution. The CRA requires public disclosure of an institution’s CRA rating and further requires the FDIC to
provide a written evaluation of an institution’s CRA performance utilizing a four-tiered descriptive rating system. In
its most recent FDIC CRA performance evaluation, the Community Bank received overall state ratings of
“Satisfactory” for Ohio, Florida, Arizona, and New Jersey, as well as for the New York/New Jersey multi-state
region. Furthermore, the most recent overall FDIC CRA ratings for the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank
were “Satisfactory.”
New York State Regulation
The Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are also subject to provisions of the New York State
Banking Law that impose continuing and affirmative obligations upon a banking institution organized in New York
State to serve the credit needs of its local community (the “NYCRA”). Such obligations are substantially similar to
those imposed by the CRA. The NYCRA requires the NYDFS to make a periodic written assessment of an
institution’s compliance with the NYCRA, utilizing a four-tiered rating system, and to make such assessment
available to the public. The NYCRA also requires the Superintendent of the NYDFS (the “Superintendent”) to
consider the NYCRA rating when reviewing an application to engage in certain transactions, including mergers,
asset purchases, and the establishment of branch offices or ATMs, and provides that such assessment may serve as a
basis for the denial of any such application. The latest NYCRA rating received by the Community Bank was
“satisfactory,” as was the latest rating received by the Commercial Bank.
Federal Reserve System
Under FRB regulations, the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are required to maintain reserves
against their transaction accounts (primarily NOW and regular checking accounts). Beginning January 22, 2015, the
Banks are required to maintain average daily reserves equal to 3% on aggregate transaction accounts of up to $103.6
million, plus 10% on the remainder, and the first $14.5 million of otherwise reservable balances will both be
exempt. These reserve requirements are subject to adjustment by the FRB. The Community Bank and the
Commercial Bank are in compliance with the foregoing requirements.
Federal Home Loan Bank System
The Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are members of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of
New York (the “FHLB-NY”), one of 12 regional FHLBs comprising the FHLB system. Each regional FHLB
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manages its customer relationships, while the 12 FHLBs use their combined size and strength to obtain their
necessary funding at the lowest possible cost. As members of the FHLB-NY, the Community Bank and the
Commercial Bank are required to acquire and hold shares of FHLB-NY capital stock. Including $19.1 million of
FHLB-Cincinnati stock acquired in the AmTrust acquisition and $535,000 of FHLB-San Francisco stock acquired in
the Desert Hills acquisition, the Community Bank held total FHLB stock of $466.0 million at December 31, 2014.
In addition, the Commercial Bank held FHLB-NY stock of $49.3 million at that date. The FHLB stock held by the
Banks at December 31, 2014 continued to be valued at par.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, dividends from the FHLBs to the Community Bank
amounted to $22.4 million and $18.2 million, respectively. Dividends from the FHLB-NY to the Commercial Bank
amounted to $614,000 and $343,000, respectively, in the corresponding years.
New York State Law
The Community Bank and the Commercial Bank derive their lending, investment, and other authority
primarily from the applicable provisions of New York State Banking Law and the regulations of the NYDFS, as
limited by FDIC regulations. Under these laws and regulations, banks, including the Community Bank and the
Commercial Bank, may invest in real estate mortgages, consumer and commercial loans, certain types of debt
securities (including certain corporate debt securities, and obligations of federal, state, and local governments and
agencies), certain types of corporate equity securities, and certain other assets. The lending powers of New York
State-chartered savings banks and commercial banks are not subject to percentage-of-assets or capital limitations,
although there are limits applicable to loans to individual borrowers.
The exercise by an FDIC-insured savings bank or commercial bank of the lending and investment powers
under New York State Banking Law is limited by FDIC regulations and other federal laws and regulations. In
particular, the applicable provisions of New York State Banking Law and regulations governing the investment
authority and activities of an FDIC-insured state-chartered savings bank and commercial bank have been effectively
limited by the FDICIA and the FDIC regulations issued pursuant thereto.
With certain limited exceptions, a New York State-chartered savings bank may not make loans or extend
credit for commercial, corporate, or business purposes (including lease financing) to a single borrower, the
aggregate amount of which would be in excess of 15% of the bank’s net worth or up to 25% for loans secured by
collateral having an ascertainable market value at least equal to the excess of such loans over the bank’s net worth.
A commercial bank is subject to similar limits on all of its loans. The Community Bank and the Commercial Bank
currently comply with all applicable loans-to-one-borrower limitations.
Under New York State Banking Law, New York State-chartered stock-form savings banks and commercial
banks may declare and pay dividends out of their net profits, unless there is an impairment of capital, but approval
of the Superintendent is required if the total of all dividends declared by the bank in a calendar year would exceed
the total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years less prior
dividends paid.
New York State Banking Law gives the Superintendent authority to issue an order to a New York State-
chartered banking institution to appear and explain an apparent violation of law, to discontinue unauthorized or
unsafe practices, and to keep prescribed books and accounts. Upon a finding by the NYDFS that any director,
trustee, or officer of any banking organization has violated any law, or has continued unauthorized or unsafe
practices in conducting the business of the banking organization after having been notified by the Superintendent to
discontinue such practices, such director, trustee, or officer may be removed from office after notice and an
opportunity to be heard. The Superintendent also has authority to appoint a conservator or a receiver for a savings or
commercial bank under certain circumstances.
Interstate Branching
Federal law allows the FDIC, and New York State Banking Law allows the Superintendent, to approve an
application by a state banking institution to acquire interstate branches by merger, unless, in the case of the FDIC,
the state of the target institution has opted out of interstate branching. New York State Banking Law authorizes
savings banks and commercial banks to open and occupy de novo branches outside the state of New York. Pursuant
to the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC is authorized to approve a state bank’s establishment of a de novo interstate branch
if the intended host state allows de novo branching by banks chartered by that state. The Community Bank currently
maintains 47 branches in New Jersey, 27 branches in Florida, 28 branches in Ohio, and 14 branches in Arizona, in
addition to its 126 branches in New York State.
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Acquisition of the Holding Company
Federal Restrictions
Under the Federal Change in Bank Control Act (“CIBCA”), a notice must be submitted to the FRB if any
person (including a company), or group acting in concert, seeks to acquire 10% or more of the Company’s shares of
outstanding common stock, unless the FRB has found that the acquisition will not result in a change in control of the
Company. Under the CIBCA, the FRB generally has 60 days within which to act on such notices, taking into
consideration certain factors, including the financial and managerial resources of the acquirer; the convenience and
needs of the communities served by the Company, the Community Bank, and the Commercial Bank; and the anti-
trust effects of the acquisition. Under the BHCA, any company would be required to obtain approval from the FRB
before it may obtain “control” of the Company within the meaning of the BHCA. Control generally is defined to
mean the ownership or power to vote 25% or more of any class of voting securities of the Company or the ability to
control in any manner the election of a majority of the Company’s directors. An existing bank holding company
would, under the BHCA, be required to obtain the FRB’s approval before acquiring more than 5% of the Company’s
voting stock. Please see “Holding Company Regulation” earlier in this report.
New York State Change in Control Restrictions
In addition to the CIBCA and the BHCA, New York State Banking Law generally requires prior approval of
the New York State Banking Board before any action is taken that causes any company to acquire direct or indirect
control of a banking institution which is organized in New York.
Federal Securities Law
The Company’s common stock and certain other securities listed on the cover page of this report are registered
with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The Company is
subject to the information and proxy solicitation requirements, insider trading restrictions, and other requirements
under the Exchange Act.
Registration of the shares of the common stock that were issued in the Community Bank’s conversion from
mutual to stock form under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), does not cover the resale
of such shares. Shares of the common stock purchased by persons who are not affiliates of the Company may be
resold without registration. Shares purchased by an affiliate of the Company will be subject to the resale restrictions
of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. If the Company meets the current public information requirements of Rule 144
under the Securities Act, each affiliate of the Company who complies with the other conditions of Rule 144
(including those that require the affiliate’s sale to be aggregated with those of certain other persons) would be able to
sell in the public market, without registration, a number of shares not to exceed in any three-month period the
greater of (i) 1% of the outstanding shares of the Company, or (ii) the average weekly volume of trading in such
shares during the preceding four calendar weeks. Provision may be made by the Company in the future to permit
affiliates to have their shares registered for sale under the Securities Act under certain circumstances.
Consumer Protection Regulations
The retail activities of banks, including lending and the gathering of deposits, are subject to a variety of
statutes and regulations designed to protect consumers. Interest and other charges collected or contracted for by
banks are subject to state usury laws and federal laws concerning interest rates. Loan operations, including our
mortgage banking business, are also subject to federal laws applicable to credit transactions, such as:
• The federal Truth-In-Lending Act and Regulation Z, governing disclosures of credit terms to consumer
borrowers;
• The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and Regulation C, requiring financial institutions to provide
information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether a financial institution is
fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs of the community it serves;
• The Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race,
creed, or other prohibited factors in extending credit;
• The Fair Credit Reporting Act and Regulation V, governing the use and provision of information to
consumer reporting agencies;
• The Fair Debt Collection Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by
collection agencies; and
• The guidance of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing such federal
laws.
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Deposit operations also are subject to:
• The Truth in Savings Act and Regulation DD, which requires disclosure of deposit terms to consumers;
• Regulation CC, which relates to the availability of deposit funds to consumers;
• The Right to Financial Privacy Act, which imposes a duty to maintain the confidentiality of consumer
financial records and prescribes procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial
records; and
• The Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E, which governs automatic deposits to and
withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers’ rights and liabilities arising from the use of automated
teller machines and other electronic banking services.
In addition, the Banks and their subsidiaries may be subject to certain state laws and regulations designed to
protect consumers.
Many of the foregoing laws and regulations are subject to change resulting from the provisions in the Dodd-
Frank Act, which in many cases calls for revisions to implementing regulations. In addition, oversight
responsibilities of these and other consumer protection laws and regulations have, in large measure, transferred from
the Banks’ primary regulators to the CFPB.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Created under the Dodd-Frank Act, and given extensive implementation and enforcement powers, the CFPB
has broad rulemaking authority for a wide range of consumer financial laws that apply to all banks, including,
among other things, the authority to prohibit “unfair, deceptive, or abusive” acts and practices. Abusive acts or
practices are defined as those that (1) materially interfere with a consumer’s ability to understand a term or condition
of a consumer financial product or service, or (2) take unreasonable advantage of a consumer’s (a) lack of financial
savvy, (b) inability to protect himself in the selection or use of consumer financial products or services, or
(c) reasonable reliance on a covered entity to act in the consumer’s interests. The CFPB has the authority to
investigate possible violations of federal consumer financial law, hold hearings, and commence civil litigation. The
CFPB can issue cease-and-desist orders against banks and other entities that violate consumer financial laws. The
CFPB may also institute a civil action against an entity in violation of federal consumer financial law in order to
impose a civil penalty or an injunction. The CFPB has examination and enforcement authority over all banks with
more than $10 billion in assets, as well as their affiliates.
Enterprise Risk Management
The Board of Directors is actively engaged in the process of overseeing our efforts to identify, measure,
monitor, and mitigate risk. In connection with our efforts to practice sound risk management and to incorporate
strong internal controls with regard to those risks with the potential to adversely impact the achievement of our goals
and objectives, we have established an Enterprise Risk Management (“ERM”) program, which follows the FRB’s
guidance on the adequacy of risk management processes and internal controls.
Risk Management Roles and Responsibilities
Our ERM program is driven by our belief that the proper management of risk must start at, and be driven by,
the highest organizational level. The following groups/individuals are responsible for ensuring our success in
managing risk:
Board of Directors
The Board of Directors is responsible for the approval and oversight of the execution of the ERM Program;
setting and revising the Company’s risk appetite in conjunction with the goals and objectives set forth in the
Strategic Plan; and reviewing key risk indicators against established risk warning levels and limits, including those
identified in the reports presented by the Chief Risk Officer (the “CRO”).
Risk Assessment Committee
The Risk Assessment Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for assisting the Board in its
oversight of the Company’s risk management framework, including the policies and procedures used to manage the
following risks: interest rate, credit, liquidity, legal/compliance, market, strategic, operational, reputational, and loss
share compliance.
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Chief Risk Officer
Reporting directly to both the Risk Assessment Committee of the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive
Officer, the CRO is responsible for elevating the overall stature of risk awareness throughout the organization. The
CRO focuses on the strategic and forward-looking nature of the Company’s and the Banks’ risk profiles and
alignment with the Strategic Plan and Risk Appetite Statement, while communicating regularly with the Director of
ERM to be kept fully aware of the daily and tactical issues and activities of the organization. The CRO has oversight
over all risk categories and, in this capacity, attends various management and Board committee meetings and Board
of Directors’ meetings.
Director of Enterprise Risk Management
The Director of ERM is responsible for establishing, implementing, directing, and managing the execution
and further development of the Company’s ERM Policy and Program. Reporting to the CRO, the Director of ERM
is expected to work closely with the Company’s and the Banks’ Business Process Owners to identify, assess,
mitigate, and report the high priority risks of each. The Director of ERM is responsible for working with the CRO to
guide the organization through the complete lifecycle of the ERM process, with a focus on integrating risk
management techniques into the Company’s culture, strategy, budgeting, and operational processes.
Executive Oversight Group
The Executive Oversight Group (“EOG”) operates within the Office of the Chief Executive Officer. Its
members are designated by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Operating Officer, and are selected based on their
knowledge and understanding of the Company’s business model and their expertise in the business areas each of
them oversees. The members of the EOG are responsible for engaging in discussions with each Business Process
Owner regarding new business objectives, material risks that currently exist or may be emerging in the future, and
certain risk mitigants.
Senior Management
Senior Management (defined as the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Operating Officer, and any other
Senior Executive Vice President, or all or any group of them acting collectively) ensures that a risk management
process with adequate resources is effectively implemented; that the Company’s corporate structure supports its risk
management goals; and that a risk management process is integrated into the corporate culture.
Business Process Owners
Business Process Owners are officers of the Company who have primary responsibility for the day-to-day
operations of their respective business units. Each Business Process Owner is responsible for ensuring that proper
controls are in place to prudently mitigate risk, and for performing periodic self-assessments of risks and controls.
Internal Audit
Internal Audit is responsible for providing an independent assessment of ERM to the Audit Committee of the
Board of Directors, and for validating the controls identified by the Business Process Owners when performing
internal audits of their respective areas of responsibility. In addition, Internal Audit is responsible for
communicating its audit findings to the Chief Risk Officer so that the self-assessment performed by each Business
Process Owner may be revisited.
The Key Elements of Enterprise Risk Management
Our ERM program incorporates the principles set forth in the Enterprise Risk Management Integrated
Framework established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”),
which has eight key elements, described below:
Internal Environment
The commitment to integrating risk management at all levels is essential to the effective implementation of an
ERM program. Our Board of Directors and management team play an integral role in setting the tone throughout the
Company, which is carried through to our Business Process Owners and employees, all of whom are critical to
maintaining a proper environment for the management of risk.
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Objective Setting
The ERM Program ensures that there is a process in place through which the Boards of the Company and the
Banks establish a Strategic Plan to identify the goals and objectives that will support our overall mission; the
strategies for achieving our goals and objectives; and the measures by which we will determine our success in
fulfilling those goals and objectives. In addition, our ERM program ensures the alignment of the Strategic Plan with
our Risk Appetite Statement and stress testing activities, as well as with our budget and our capital plan.
Event Identification
To recognize and identify risks to the achievement of our goals and objectives from internal and external
sources, we survey our key Business Process Owners on a quarterly basis, and conduct monthly meetings of the
EOG. In this way, we not only focus on the risks we are currently facing, but also on risks that may arise in the
future from new business initiatives, as well as from changes in our size, structure, personnel, business, and other
strategic interests.
Risk Assessment
We analyze the risks we face in order to formulate a basis for determining how they should be managed.
Accordingly, risks are assessed on both an inherent and residual basis (i.e., before controls are established and after
such controls are applied), with both the likelihood and the impact of the risk being gauged. The risk assessment
process is collaborative in nature, and includes the Business Process Owners, the ERM Department, and the
members of the EOG.
Risk Response
Management addresses cases where actual risk levels are approaching or exceeding established limits, and
considers alternative risk response options in order to reduce residual risk to an acceptable risk tolerance level. This
includes taking into account established contingency and/or remedial actions, as described within our policies.
Control Activities
Adequate controls are designed and effectively implemented and maintained to ensure that inherent risks are
reduced to acceptable levels. These controls are management tools that can be adjusted if conditions or risk
tolerances change.
Information and Communication
Relevant information is identified, captured, and communicated in a form and timeframe that enable all
relevant parties across, up, and down the organization, to effectively carry out their responsibilities. The ERM
Department utilizes various channels to communicate such information, and to document risk information derived
from the quarterly ERM surveys and the ERM dashboard reports.
Monitoring
We monitor our actual performance metrics against Board-established warning levels and limits through the
use of our ERM dashboard, and through the active engagement of the Risk Assessment and Capital Assessment
Committees of the Boards. Reports are produced with sufficient frequency to ensure that timely action is taken, as
needed.
Internal Audit
Internal Audit is responsible for validating the controls identified by Business Process Owners when
performing internal audits of their respective areas of responsibility. In addition, Internal Audit is responsible for
communicating its audit findings to the Chief Risk Officer and the ERM Department, who then revisit the self-
assessment performed by each Business Process Owner.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There are various risks and uncertainties that are inherent in our business. Following is a discussion of the
material risks and uncertainties that could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of
operations, and that could cause the value of our common stock to decline significantly. Additional risks that are not
currently known to us, or that we currently believe to be immaterial, also may have a material effect on our financial
condition and results of operations. This report is qualified in its entirety by those risk factors.
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Interest Rate Risks
Changes in interest rates could reduce our net interest income and mortgage banking income, and negatively
impact the value of our loans, securities, and other assets. This could have a material adverse effect on our cash
flows, financial condition, results of operations, and capital.
Our primary source of income is net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income
generated by our interest-earning assets (consisting primarily of loans and, to a lesser extent, securities) and the
interest expense produced by our interest-bearing liabilities (consisting primarily of deposits and wholesale
borrowings).
The cost of our deposits and short-term wholesale borrowings is largely based on short-term interest rates, the
level of which is driven by the Federal Open Market Committee of the FRB. However, the yields generated by our
loans and securities are typically driven by intermediate-term (e.g., five-year) interest rates, which are set by the
market and generally vary from day to day. The level of net interest income is therefore influenced by movements in
such interest rates, and the pace at which such movements occur. If the interest rates on our interest-bearing
liabilities increase at a faster pace than the interest rates on our interest-earning assets, the result could be a reduction
in net interest income and with it, a reduction in our earnings. Our net interest income and earnings would be
similarly impacted were the interest rates on our interest-earning assets to decline more quickly than the interest
rates on our interest-bearing liabilities.
In addition, such changes in interest rates could affect our ability to originate loans and attract and retain
deposits; the fair values of our securities and other financial assets; the fair values of our liabilities; and the average
lives of our loan and securities portfolios.
Changes in interest rates could also have an effect on loan refinancing activity which, in turn, would impact
the amount of prepayment penalty income we receive on our multi-family and CRE loans, and the amount of
mortgage banking income we generate as a result of originating and servicing one-to-four family loans for sale.
Because prepayment penalties are recorded as interest income, the extent to which they increase or decrease during
any given period could have a significant impact on the level of net interest income and net income we generate
during that time.
In addition, changes in interest rates could have an effect on the slope of the yield curve. If the yield curve
were to invert or become flat, our net interest income and net interest margin could contract, adversely affecting our
net income and cash flows and the value of our assets.
Our use of derivative financial instruments to mitigate the exposure to interest rate risk that stems from our
mortgage banking business may not be effective, and may adversely affect our mortgage banking income,
earnings, and stockholders’ equity.
We are actively engaged in the origination of one-to-four family loans for sale. In accordance with our
operating policies, we may use various types of derivative financial instruments, including forward rate agreements,
options, and other derivative transactions, to mitigate or reduce our exposure to losses from adverse changes in
interest rates in connection with this business. These activities will vary in scope based on the types of assets held,
the level and volatility of interest rates, and other changing market conditions. However, no strategy can completely
insulate us from the interest rate risks to which we are exposed, and there is no guarantee that any strategy we
implement will have the desired impact. Furthermore, although derivatives are intended to limit losses, they may
actually have an adverse impact on our earnings, which could reduce our capital and the cash available to us for
distribution to our shareholders in the form of dividends. Our derivative financial instruments also expose us to
counterparty risk, which is the risk that other parties to the instruments will not fulfill their contractual obligations.
Credit Risks
A decline in the quality of our assets could result in higher losses and the need to set aside higher loan loss
provisions, thus reducing our earnings and our stockholders’ equity.
The inability of our borrowers to repay their loans in accordance with their terms would likely necessitate an
increase in our provision for non-covered loan losses and therefore reduce our earnings.
The non-covered loans we originate for investment are primarily multi-family loans and, to a lesser extent,
CRE loans. Such loans are generally larger, and have higher risk-adjusted returns and shorter maturities, than the
one-to-four family mortgage loans we produce for investment or for sale. Our credit risk would ordinarily be
expected to increase with the growth of these loan portfolios.
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Payments on multi-family and CRE loans generally depend on the income generated by the underlying
properties which, in turn, depends on their successful operation and management. The ability of our borrowers to
repay these loans may be impacted by adverse conditions in the local real estate market and the local economy.
While we seek to minimize these risks through our underwriting policies, which generally require that such loans be
qualified on the basis of the collateral property’s cash flows, appraised value, and debt service coverage ratio,
among other factors, there can be no assurance that our underwriting policies will protect us from credit-related
losses or delinquencies.
We also originate ADC and C&I loans for investment, although to a far lesser degree than we originate multi-
family and CRE loans. ADC financing typically involves a greater degree of credit risk than longer-term financing
on multi-family and CRE properties. Risk of loss on an ADC loan largely depends upon the accuracy of the initial
estimate of the property’s value at completion of construction or development, compared to the estimated costs
(including interest) of construction. If the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, the loan may be under-secured.
While we seek to minimize these risks by maintaining consistent lending policies and procedures, and rigorous
underwriting standards, an error in such estimates, among other factors, could have a material adverse effect on the
quality of our ADC loan portfolio, thereby resulting in losses or delinquencies.
To minimize the risks involved in our specialty finance lending and leasing, we participate in syndicated loans
that are brought to us, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to us, by a select group of nationally
recognized sources, and generally are made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry
investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide. The loans we
fund fall into three distinct categories (asset-based lending, dealer floor-plan lending, and equipment loan and lease
financing) and each of our credits is secured with a perfected first security interest in the underlying collateral and
structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease.
We seek to minimize the risks involved in our other C&I lending by underwriting such loans on the basis of
the cash flows produced by the business; by requiring that such loans be collateralized by various business assets,
including inventory, equipment, and accounts receivable, among others; and by requiring personal guarantees.
However, the capacity of a borrower to repay such a C&I loan is substantially dependent on the degree to which his
or her business is successful. In addition, the collateral underlying such loans may depreciate over time, may not be
conducive to appraisal, or may fluctuate in value, based upon the results of operations of the business.
Although losses on the non-covered loans we produce have been comparatively limited, even during periods
of economic weakness in our markets, we cannot guarantee that this record will be maintained in future periods. The
ability of our borrowers to repay their loans could be adversely impacted by a decline in real estate values and/or an
increase in unemployment, which not only could result in our experiencing an increase in charge-offs, but also could
necessitate our further increasing our provision for losses on non-covered loans. Either of these events would have
an adverse impact on our net income.
Economic weakness in the New York metropolitan region, where the majority of the properties collateralizing our
multi-family and CRE loans are located, could have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of
operations.
Unlike larger national or superregional banks that serve a broader and more diverse geographic region, our
business depends significantly on general economic conditions in the New York metropolitan region, where the
majority of the buildings and properties securing the multi-family, CRE, and ADC loans we originate for
investment, and the businesses of the customers to whom we make our other C&I loans, are located.
Accordingly, the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans, and the value of the collateral securing such
loans, may be significantly affected by economic conditions in this region or by changes in the local real estate
market. A significant decline in general economic conditions caused by inflation, recession, unemployment, acts of
terrorism, extreme weather, or other factors beyond our control, could therefore have an adverse effect on our
financial condition and results of operations. In addition, because multi-family and CRE loans represent the majority
of the loans in our portfolio, a decline in tenant occupancy or rents due to such factors, or for other reasons, could
adversely impact the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans on a timely basis, which could have a negative
impact on our net income.
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If our covered loan portfolio experiences greater losses than we expected at the time of acquisition, or
experiences losses following the expiration of the FDIC loss sharing agreements to which it is subject, or if those
agreements are not properly managed, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely
affected.
The credit risk associated with the loans and other real estate owned (“OREO”) we acquired in our AmTrust
and Desert Hills acquisitions is largely mitigated by our loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. Nonetheless, these
assets are not without risk. Although the loans and OREO we acquired were initially accounted for at fair value,
there is no assurance that they will not become impaired, which could result in their being charged off. Fluctuations
in national, regional, and local economic conditions may increase the level of charge-offs on the loans we acquired
in these transactions, and would therefore have an adverse impact on our net income. Such fluctuations are not
predictable, cannot be controlled, and may have a material adverse impact on our operations and financial condition,
even if other favorable events occur.
In addition, although our loss sharing agreements call for the FDIC to bear a significant portion of any losses
related to the acquired loan portfolios, we are not protected from all losses resulting from charge-offs with respect to
the acquired loans. Also, the loss sharing agreements have limited terms. Charge-offs we experience on covered
loans after the terms of the loss sharing agreements end may not be fully recoverable and this, too, could have an
adverse impact on our net income.
Our allowance for losses on non-covered loans might not be sufficient to cover our actual losses, which would
adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
In addition to mitigating credit risk through our underwriting processes, we attempt to mitigate such risk
through the establishment of an allowance for losses on non-covered loans. The process of determining whether or
not this allowance is sufficient to cover potential non-covered loan losses is based on our evaluation of incurred
losses in the held-for-investment loan portfolio, which requires that management make certain assumptions,
estimates, and judgments regarding several factors, including the current and historical performance of the portfolio;
its inherent risk characteristics; the level of non-performing non-covered loans and charge-offs; delinquency levels
and trends; local economic and market conditions; declines in real estate values; and the levels of unemployment
and vacancy rates.
If our assumptions, estimates, and judgments regarding such matters prove to be incorrect, our allowance for
losses on such loans might not be sufficient, and additional non-covered loan loss provisions might need to be made.
Depending on the amount of such loan loss provisions, the adverse impact on our earnings could be material.
In addition, as we continue to grow our held-for-investment loan portfolio, it may be necessary to increase the
allowance for losses on such non-covered loans by making additional provisions, which also could adversely impact
our operating results. Furthermore, bank regulators may require us to make a provision for non-covered loan losses
or otherwise recognize further loan charge-offs following their periodic review of our held-for-investment loan
portfolio, our underwriting procedures, and our allowance for losses on such loans. Any increase in the non-covered
loan loss allowance or loan charge-offs as required by such regulatory authorities could have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Liquidity Risks
Failure to maintain an adequate level of liquidity could result in an inability to fulfill our financial obligations
and also could subject us to material reputational and regulatory risk.
“Liquidity” refers to our ability to generate sufficient cash flows to support our operations and to fulfill our
obligations, including commitments to originate loans, to repay our wholesale borrowings and other liabilities, and
to satisfy the withdrawal of deposits by our customers.
Our primary sources of liquidity are the retail, institutional, and municipal deposits, we gather or acquire in
connection with acquisitions, and the brokered deposits we accept; borrowed funds, primarily in the form of
wholesale borrowings from the FHLB and various Wall Street brokerage firms; the cash flows generated through the
repayment and sale of loans; and the cash flows generated through the repayment and sale of securities. In addition,
and depending on current market conditions, we have the ability to access the capital markets from time to time.
Deposit flows, calls of investment securities and wholesale borrowings, and the prepayment of loans and
mortgage-related securities are strongly influenced by such external factors as the direction of interest rates, whether
actual or perceived; local and national economic conditions; and competition for deposits and loans in the markets
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we serve. Furthermore, changes to the FHLB’s underwriting guidelines for wholesale borrowings or lending policies
may limit or restrict our ability to borrow, and could therefore have a significant adverse impact on our liquidity. In
addition, replacing funds in the event of large-scale withdrawals of brokered deposits could require us to pay
significantly higher interest rates on retail deposits or other wholesale funding sources, which would have an adverse
impact on our net interest income and net income. A decline in available funding could adversely impact our ability
to originate loans, invest in securities, and meet our expenses, or to fulfill such obligations as repaying our
borrowings or meeting deposit withdrawal demands.
If we were to defer payments on our trust preferred capital debt securities or were in default under the related
indentures, we would be prohibited from paying dividends or distributions on our common stock.
The terms of our outstanding trust preferred capital debt securities prohibit us from (1) declaring or paying any
dividends or distributions on our capital stock, including our common stock; or (2) purchasing, acquiring, or making
a liquidation payment on such stock, under the following circumstances: (a) if an event of default has occurred and
is continuing under the applicable indenture; (b) if we are in default with respect to a payment under the guarantee
of the related trust preferred securities; or (c) if we have given notice of our election to defer interest payments but
the related deferral period has not yet commenced, or a deferral period is continuing. In addition, without notice to,
or consent from, the holders of our common stock, we may issue additional series of trust preferred capital debt
securities with similar terms, or enter into other financing agreements, that limit our ability to pay dividends on our
common stock.
Legal/Compliance Risks
Inability to fulfill minimum capital requirements could limit our ability to conduct or expand our business, pay a
dividend, or result in termination of our FDIC deposit insurance, and thus impact our financial condition, our
results of operations, and the market value of our stock.
We are subject to the comprehensive, consolidated supervision and regulation set forth by the FRB. Such
regulation includes, among other matters, the level of leverage and risk-based capital ratios we are required to
maintain. Our capital ratios can change, depending on general economic conditions, our financial condition, our risk
profile, and our plans for growth. Compliance with the FRB’s capital requirements may limit our ability to engage in
operations that require the intensive use of capital and therefore could adversely affect our ability to maintain our
current level of business or expand.
Furthermore, it is possible that future regulatory changes could result in more stringent capital requirements
including, among others, an increase in the levels of regulatory capital we are required to maintain, changes in the
way regulatory capital is calculated, and increases in liquidity requirements, any and all of which could adversely
affect our business and our ability to expand. For example, the implementation of certain regulatory changes under
the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in the disqualification of previously issued and outstanding trust preferred securities as
Tier 1 capital by January 1, 2016. Additionally, in early July 2013, the FRB approved revisions to its capital
adequacy guidelines and prompt corrective action rules that implement the revised standards of the Basel Committee
on Banking Supervision, and address relevant provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. Basel III and the regulations of the
federal banking agencies require bank holding companies and banks to undertake significant activities to
demonstrate compliance with the new and higher capital standards. Any additional requirements to increase our
capital ratios or liquidity could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, as this might necessitate
our liquidating certain assets, perhaps on terms that are unfavorable to us or that are contrary to our business plans.
Such a requirement could also compel us to issue additional securities, thus diluting the value of our common stock.
In addition, failure to meet the established capital requirements could result in the FRB placing limitations or
conditions on our activities and further restricting the commencement of new activities. The failure to meet
applicable capital guidelines could subject us to a variety of enforcement remedies available to the federal regulatory
authorities, including limiting our ability to pay dividends; issuing a directive to increase our capital; and
terminating our FDIC deposit insurance.
If we continue to grow and the average of our total consolidated assets over the four most recent quarters were to
exceed $50 billion, we would be subject to stricter prudential standards required by the Dodd-Frank Act for large
bank holding companies.
Pursuant to the current requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act, a bank holding company whose total
consolidated assets average more than $50 billion over the four most recent quarters is determined to be a
Systemically Important Financial Institution, and therefore is subject to stricter prudential standards, primarily
including capital requirements, liquidity requirements, risk-management requirements, dividend limits, and early
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remediation regimes. The Dodd-Frank Act permits, but does not require, the FRB to apply heightened prudential
standards in a number of other areas, including short-term debt limits and enhanced public disclosure.
On September 3, 2014, the FRB and other banking regulators adopted final rules implementing a U.S. version
of the Basel Committee’s Liquidity Coverage Ratio (the “LCR”) requirement. The LCR requirement, including the
modified version applicable to bank holding companies with $50 billion or more in total consolidated assets that
have not opted to use the “advanced approaches” risk-based capital rule, requires a banking organization to maintain
an amount of unencumbered “high-quality liquid assets” to be at least equal to the amount of its total net cash
outflows over a 30-day stress period. Only specific classes of assets qualify under the rule as high-quality assets (the
numerator of the LCR), with riskier classes of assets subject to haircuts and caps. The total net cash outflow amount
(the denominator of the LCR) is determined under the rule by applying outflow and inflow rates that reflect certain
standardized assumptions against the balances of the banking organization’s funding sources, obligations,
transactions, and assets over a 30-day stress period. Inflows that can be included to offset outflows are limited to
75% of outflows (which effectively means that banking organizations must hold high-quality liquid assets equal to
25% of outflows even if outflows perfectly match inflows over the stress period).
The initial compliance date for the modified LCR will be January 2016, with the requirement fully phased-in
by January 2017. Although we are not currently subject to the modified LCR requirements, were we to have average
total consolidated assets over the four most recent quarters in excess of $50 billion, we would have to comply with
the requirements of the modified LCR beginning on the first day of the first quarter after which we exceed that
threshold. The modified LCR is a minimum requirement, and the Federal Reserve Board can impose additional
liquidity requirements as a supervisory matter.
Our results of operations could be adversely affected by further changes in bank regulation, or by our inability to
comply with certain existing laws, rules, and regulations governing our industry.
We are subject to regulation, supervision, and examination by the following entities: (1) the NYDFS, the
chartering authority for both the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank; (2) the FDIC, as the insurer of the
Banks’ deposits; (3) the FRB-NY, in accordance with objectives and standards of the U.S. Federal Reserve System;
and (4) the CFPB, which was established in 2011 under the Dodd-Frank Act and given broad authority to regulate
financial service providers and financial products.
Such regulation and supervision governs the activities in which a bank holding company and its banking
subsidiaries may engage, and is intended primarily for the protection of the DIF, the banking system in general, and
bank customers, rather than for the benefit of a company’s stockholders. These regulatory authorities have extensive
discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities, including with respect to the imposition
of restrictions on the operation of a bank or a bank holding company, the imposition of significant fines, the ability
to delay or deny merger or other regulatory applications, the classification of assets by a bank, and the adequacy of a
bank’s allowance for loan losses, among other matters. Any failure to comply with, or any change in, such
regulation and supervision, or change in regulation or enforcement by such authorities, whether in the form of
policy, regulations, legislation, rules, orders, enforcement actions, ratings, or decisions, could have a material impact
on the Company, our subsidiary banks and other affiliates, and our operations.
Our operations are also subject to extensive legislation enacted, and regulation implemented, by other federal,
state, and local governmental authorities, and to various laws and judicial and administrative decisions imposing
requirements and restrictions on part or all of our operations. Future changes in such laws, rules, requirements, and
regulations also could have a material impact on our results of operations.
For example, in addition to creating the CFPB, the Dodd-Frank Act established new standards relating to
regulatory oversight of systemically important financial institutions, derivatives transactions, asset-backed
securitization, and mortgage origination and servicing, and limited the revenues banks can derive from debit card
interchange fees. Extensive regulatory guidance is being implemented to clarify many of the provisions of the Dodd-
Frank Act and certain U.S. agencies have begun to initiate the required administrative processes. Although it still is
too early to fully assess the impact of the full scope of this legislation on our business, our industry, and the broader
financial services system, the rules adopted thus far have dramatically increased risk management, capital, and other
requirements for the banking industry.
Furthermore, lawmakers in Washington, D.C. continue to discuss plans to dramatically transform the role of
the government in the U.S. housing market, including by winding down Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (which
currently are well into their seventh year of government conservatorship), and by reducing other sources of
government support to such markets. In addition, some representatives in Congress have expressed a view that the
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current GSE housing finance system is unsustainable, and consider reform a priority in the near term. It is too early
to determine the nature and scope of any legislation that may develop along these lines, or what roles Fannie Mae
and Freddie Mac or the private sector will play in future housing markets. However, it is possible that legislation
will be proposed that would result in the nature of GSE guarantees being considerably limited relative to historical
measurements. Due to the significant influence of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the primary and secondary
housing finance markets, some of the legislative changes could have broad adverse implications for the market and
significant implications for our business, including by necessitating the identification of alternative secondary
markets into which to sell our one-to-four family loans.
Our enterprise risk management framework may not be effective in mitigating the risks to which we are subject,
based upon the size, scope, and complexity of the Company.
As a financial institution, we are subject to a number of risks, including credit, interest rate, liquidity, market,
operational, legal/compliance, loss sharing compliance, reputational, and strategic. Our ERM framework is designed
to minimize the risks to which we are subject, as well as any losses stemming from such risks. Although we seek to
identify, measure, monitor, report, and control our exposure to such risks, and employ a broad and diverse set of risk
monitoring and mitigation techniques in the process, those techniques are inherently limited because they cannot
anticipate the existence or development of risks that are currently unknown and unanticipated.
For example, economic and market conditions, heightened legislative and regulatory scrutiny of the financial
services industry, and increases in the overall complexity of our operations, among other developments, have
resulted in the creation of a variety of risks that were previously unknown and unanticipated, highlighting the
intrinsic limitations of our risk monitoring and mitigation techniques. As a result, the further development of
previously unknown or unanticipated risks may result in our incurring losses in the future that could adversely
impact our financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, an ineffective ERM framework, as well as
other risk factors, could result in a material increase in our FDIC insurance premiums.
Market Risks
A decline in economic conditions could adversely affect the value of the loans we originate and the securities in
which we invest.
Although economic and real estate conditions continued to improve in 2014, and although we have taken, and
continue to take, steps to reduce our exposure to the risks that stem from adverse changes in such conditions, we
nonetheless could be impacted by them to the degree that they affect the loans we originate, the securities we invest
in, and our portfolios of covered and non-covered loans.
Declines in real estate values and home sales, and an increase in the financial stress on borrowers stemming
from high unemployment, among other economic conditions, could have an adverse effect on our borrowers or their
customers, which could adversely impact the repayment of the loans in our portfolio. Deterioration in economic
conditions also could subject us and our industry to increased regulatory scrutiny and could result in an increase in
loan delinquencies, an increase in problem assets and foreclosures, and a decline in the value of the collateral for our
loans, which could reduce our customers’ borrowing power. Deterioration in local economic conditions could drive
the level of loan losses beyond the level we have provided for in our loan loss allowances; this, in turn, could
necessitate an increase in our provisions for loan losses, which would reduce our earnings and capital. Furthermore,
declines in the value of our investment securities could result in our recording losses on the other-than-temporary
impairment (“OTTI”) of securities, which would reduce our earnings and, therefore, our capital. Additionally,
continued economic weakness could reduce the demand for our products and services, which would adversely
impact our liquidity and the revenues we produce.
The market price and liquidity of our common stock could be adversely affected if the economy were to weaken or
the capital markets were to experience volatility.
The market price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations due to changes in sentiment
in the market regarding our operations or business prospects. Among other factors, these risks may be affected by:
• Operating results that vary from the expectations of our management or of securities analysts and
investors;
• Developments in our business or in the financial services sector generally;
• Regulatory or legislative changes affecting our industry generally or our business and operations;
• Operating and securities price performance of companies that investors consider to be comparable to us;
• Changes in estimates or recommendations by securities analysts or rating agencies;
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• Announcements of strategic developments, acquisitions, dispositions, financings, and other material
events by us or our competitors;
• Changes or volatility in global financial markets and economies, general market conditions, interest or
foreign exchange rates, stock, commodity, credit, or asset valuations; and
• Significant fluctuations in the capital markets.
Although the economy continued to show signs of improvement in 2014, economic or market turmoil could
occur in the near or long term, which could negatively affect our business, our financial condition, and our results of
operations, as well as volatility in the price and trading volume of our common stock.
Strategic Risks
Extreme competition for loans and deposits could adversely affect our ability to expand our business and
therefore could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We face significant competition for loans and deposits from other banks and financial institutions, both within
and beyond our local markets. We compete with other commercial banks and savings banks, as well as with credit
unions and investment banks, for deposits, and with the same financial institutions and others (including mortgage
brokers and insurance companies) for loans. We also compete with companies that solicit loans and deposits over
the Internet.
Because our profitability stems from our ability to attract deposits and originate loans, our continued ability to
compete for depositors and borrowers is critical to our success. Our success as a competitor depends on a number of
factors, including our ability to develop, maintain, and build long-term relationships with our customers by
providing them with convenience, in the form of multiple branch locations and extended hours of service; access, in
the form of alternative delivery channels, such as online banking, banking by phone, and ATMs; a broad and diverse
selection of products and services; interest rates and service fees that compare favorably with those of our
competitors; and skilled and knowledgeable personnel to assist our customers with their financial needs. External
factors that may impact our ability to compete include, among others, the entry of new lenders and depository
institutions in our current markets and, with regard to lending, an increased focus on multi-family and CRE lending
by existing competitors.
In addition, our mortgage banking operation competes nationally with other major banks and mortgage
brokers that also originate, aggregate, sell, and service one-to-four family loans.
If our ability to grow our portfolios of multi-family and CRE loans were limited due to regulatory concerns about
our concentrated position in such assets, our ability to generate interest income could be adversely affected, as
would our financial condition and results of operations, perhaps materially.
Although we also originate ADC, one-to-four family, and C&I loans, and invest in securities, our portfolios of
multi-family and CRE loans represent the largest portion of our asset mix. Our position in these markets has been
instrumental in our record of solid earnings generation and our consistent record of exceptional asset quality.
Nonetheless, if we were instructed to limit or reduce our concentration of multi-family and CRE loans by our
regulators, the impact on our interest income could be materially adverse.
The inability to grow through acquisitions, or to realize the anticipated benefits of any acquisition we do engage
in, could adversely affect our ability to compete with other financial institutions and therefore our financial
condition and results of operations, perhaps materially.
Mergers and acquisitions have contributed significantly to our growth in the past, and remain a component of
our business model. Accordingly, it is possible that we could acquire other financial institutions, financial service
providers, or branches of banks in the future.
However, our ability to engage in future mergers and acquisitions depends on various factors, including:
(1) our ability to identify suitable merger partners and acquisition opportunities; (2) our ability to finance and
complete negotiated transactions on acceptable terms and at acceptable prices; (3) our ability to receive the
necessary regulatory approvals; and (4) when, required, our ability to receive the necessary shareholder approvals.
Our inability to engage in an acquisition or merger for any of these reasons could have an adverse impact on
our financial condition and results of operations. As acquisitions have been a significant source of deposits, the
inability to complete a business combination could require that we increase the interest rates we pay on deposits in
order to attract such funding through our current branch network, or that we increase our use of wholesale funds.
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Increasing our cost of funds could adversely impact our net interest income, and therefore our results of operations.
Furthermore, the funding we obtain in acquisitions is generally used to fund our loan production or to reduce our
higher funding costs. The absence of an acquisition could therefore impact our ability to meet our loan demand.
Furthermore, mergers and acquisitions involve a number of risks and challenges, including:
• Our ability to integrate the branches and operations we acquire, and the internal controls and regulatory
functions, into our current operations;
• Our ability to limit the outflow of deposits held by our new customers in the acquired branches, and to
successfully retain and manage the loans we acquire;
• Our ability to attract new deposits, and to generate new interest-earning assets, in geographic areas we
have not previously served;
• Our success in deploying any cash received in a transaction into assets bearing sufficiently high yields
without incurring unacceptable credit or interest rate risk;
• Our ability to control the incremental non-interest expense from the acquired branches in a manner that
enables us to maintain a favorable efficiency ratio;
• Our ability to retain and attract the appropriate personnel to staff the acquired branches and conduct any
acquired operations;
• Our ability to earn acceptable levels of interest and non-interest income, including fee income, from the
acquired branches;
• The diversion of management’s attention from existing operations;
• Our ability to address an increase in working capital requirements; and
• Limitations on our ability to successfully reposition the post-merger balance sheet, when deemed
appropriate.
Furthermore, no assurance can be given that the operation of acquired branches would not adversely affect our
existing profitability; that we would be able to achieve results in the future similar to those achieved by our existing
banking business; that we would be able to compete effectively in the market areas served by acquired branches; or
that we would be able to manage any growth resulting from a transaction effectively. In particular, our ability to
compete effectively in new markets is dependent on our ability to understand those markets and their competitive
dynamics, and our ability to retain certain key employees from the acquired institution who know those markets
better than we do.
If our goodwill were determined to be impaired, it would result in a charge against earnings and thus a reduction
in our stockholders’ equity.
We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently, if necessary. Quoted market prices in
active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are to be used as the basis for measuring impairment, when
available. Other acceptable valuation methods include present-value measurements based on multiples of earnings
or revenues, discounted cash flows, or similar performance measures. If we were to determine that the carrying
amount of our goodwill exceeded its implied fair value, we would be required to write down the value of the
goodwill on our balance sheet, adversely affecting our earnings as well as our capital.
The inability to receive dividends from our subsidiary banks could have a material adverse effect on our business,
our financial condition, and our results of operations, as well as our ability to maintain or increase the current
level of cash dividends we pay to our shareholders.
The Parent Company (i.e., the company on an unconsolidated basis) is a separate and distinct legal entity from
the Banks, and a substantial portion of the revenues the Parent Company receives consists of dividends from the
Banks. These dividends are the primary funding source for the dividends we pay on our common stock and the
interest and principal payments on our debt. Various federal and state laws and regulations limit the amount of
dividends that a bank may pay to its parent company. In addition, our right to participate in a distribution of assets
upon the liquidation or reorganization of a subsidiary may be subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors.
If the Banks are unable to pay dividends to the Parent Company, we might not be able to service our debt, pay our
obligations, or pay dividends on our common stock. Furthermore, our current strategy of managing our assets below
the SIFI threshold could result in a reduction in our earnings, thereby limiting our ability to maintain our current
quarterly cash dividend.
In addition, although the economy continued to show signs of improvement in 2014, renewed economic or
market turmoil could occur in the near or long term. This could negatively affect our business, our financial
33
condition, and our results of operations, as well as our ability to maintain or increase the current level of cash
dividends we pay to our shareholders.
Reduction or elimination of our quarterly cash dividend could have an adverse impact on the market price of our
common stock.
Holders of our common stock are only entitled to receive such dividends as our Board of Directors may
declare out of funds available for such payments under applicable law and regulatory guidance, and although we
have historically declared cash dividends on our common stock, we are not required to do so. Furthermore, the
payment of dividends falls under federal regulations that have grown more stringent in recent years. While we pay
our quarterly cash dividend in compliance with current regulations, such regulations could change in the future. In
addition, should the average of the Company’s total consolidated assets over the four most recent quarters reach or
exceed $50 billion, we would be subject to the stricter prudential standards, including for CCAR and for dividend
payments, required by the Dodd-Frank Act. Any reduction or elimination of our common stock dividend in the
future could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Operational Risks
Our stress testing processes rely on analytical and forecasting models that may prove to be inadequate or
inaccurate, which could adversely affect the effectiveness of our strategic planning and our ability to pursue
certain corporate goals.
In accordance with the Dodd-Frank Act, banking organizations with $10 billion to $50 billion in assets
currently are required to perform annual capital stress tests and, beginning in 2015, to report the results of such tests.
The results of our capital stress tests and the application of certain capital rules may result in constraints being
placed on our capital distributions or require that we increase our regulatory capital under certain circumstances.
In addition, the processes we use to estimate the effects of changing interest rates, real estate values, and
economic indicators such as unemployment on our financial condition and results of operations depend upon the use
of analytical and forecasting models. These models reflect assumptions that may not be accurate, particularly in
times of market stress or other unforeseen circumstances. Furthermore, even if our assumptions are accurate
predictors of future performance, the models they are based on may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate because of
other flaws in their design or implementation. If the models we use in the process of managing our interest rate and
other risks prove to be inadequate or inaccurate, we could incur increased or unexpected losses which, in turn, could
adversely affect our earnings and capital.
The occurrence of any failure, breach, or interruption in service involving our systems or those of our service
providers could damage our reputation, cause losses, increase our expenses, and result in a loss of customers, an
increase in regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and possibly financial liability, any of which could
adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations, and the market price of our stock.
Communications and information systems are essential to the conduct of our business, as we use such systems
to manage our customer relationships, our general ledger, our deposits, and our loans. Our operations rely on the
secure processing, storage, and transmission of confidential and other information in our computer systems and
networks. Although we take protective measures and endeavor to modify them as circumstances warrant, the
security of our computer systems, software, and networks may be vulnerable to breaches, unauthorized access,
misuse, computer viruses, or other malicious code and cyber attacks that could have an impact on information
security.
In addition, breaches of security may occur through intentional or unintentional acts by those having
authorized or unauthorized access to our confidential or other information, or that of our customers, clients, or
counterparties. If one or more of such events were to occur, the confidential and other information processed and
stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks could potentially be jeopardized, or could
otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations or the operations of our customers, clients, or
counterparties. This could cause us significant reputational damage or result in our experiencing significant losses.
Furthermore, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify our protective measures
or investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures arising from operational and security risks. We also
may be subject to litigation and financial losses that either are not insured against or not fully covered through any
insurance we maintain.
34
In addition, we routinely transmit and receive personal, confidential, and proprietary information by e-mail
and other electronic means. We have discussed, and worked with our customers, clients, and counterparties to
develop, secure transmission capabilities, but we do not have, and may be unable to put in place, secure capabilities
with all of these constituents, and we may not be able to ensure that these third parties have appropriate controls in
place to protect the confidentiality of such information.
While we have established policies and procedures to prevent or limit the impact of systems failures and
interruptions, there can be no assurance that such events will not occur or that they will be adequately addressed if
they do.
We outsource certain aspects of our data processing to certain third-party providers which may expose us to
additional risk.
We outsource certain key aspects of our data processing to certain third-party providers. While we have
selected these third-party providers carefully, we cannot control their actions. If our third-party providers encounter
difficulties, including those that result from their failure to provide services for any reason or from their poor
performance of such services, or if we have difficulty in communicating with them, our ability to adequately process
and account for customer transactions could be affected, and our business operations could be adversely impacted.
Replacing these third-party providers could also entail significant delay and expense.
Our third-party providers may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, and
other security breaches. Threats to information security also exist in the processing of customer information through
various other third-party providers and their personnel. We may be required to expend significant additional
resources to protect against the threat of such security breaches and computer viruses, or to alleviate problems
caused by such security breaches or viruses. To the extent that the activities of our third-party providers or the
activities of our customers involve the storage and transmission of confidential information, security breaches and
viruses could expose us to claims, regulatory scrutiny, litigation, and other possible liabilities.
Failure to keep pace with technological changes could have a material adverse impact on our ability to compete
for loans and deposits, and therefore on our financial condition and results of operations.
Financial products and services have become increasingly technology-driven. To some degree, our ability to
meet the needs of our customers competitively, and in a cost-efficient manner, is dependent on our ability to keep
pace with technological advances and to invest in new technology as it becomes available. Many of our competitors
have greater resources to invest in technology than we do and may be better equipped to market new technology-
driven products and services.
If federal, state, or local tax authorities were to determine that we did not adequately provide for our taxes, our
income tax expense could be increased, adversely affecting our earnings.
The amount of income taxes we are required to pay on our earnings is based on federal and state legislation
and regulations. We provide for current and deferred taxes in our financial statements, based on our results of
operations, business activity, legal structure, interpretation of tax statutes, assessment of risk of adjustment upon
audit, and application of financial accounting standards. We may take tax return filing positions for which the final
determination of tax is uncertain. Our net income and earnings per share may be reduced if a federal, state, or local
authority assesses additional taxes that have not been provided for in our consolidated financial statements. There
can be no assurance that we will achieve our anticipated effective tax rate either due to a change in tax law, a change
in regulatory or judicial guidance, or an audit assessment that denies previously recognized tax benefits.
The inability to attract and retain key personnel could adversely impact our financial condition and results of
operations.
To a large degree, our success depends on our ability to attract and retain key personnel whose expertise,
knowledge of our markets, and years of industry experience would make them difficult to replace. Competition for
skilled leaders in our industry can be intense, and we may not be able to hire or retain the people we would like to
have working for us. The unexpected loss of services of one or more of our key personnel could have a material
adverse impact on our business, given the specialized knowledge of such personnel and the difficulty of finding
qualified replacements on a timely basis. To attract and retain personnel with the skills and knowledge to support
our business, we offer a variety of benefits that may reduce our earnings.
35
Reputational Risk
Damage to our reputation could significantly harm the businesses we engage in, as well as our competitive
position and prospects for growth.
Our ability to attract and retain investors, customers, clients, and employees could be adversely affected if our
reputation were damaged. Significant harm to our reputation could arise from many sources, including employee
misconduct, litigation, or regulatory outcomes; failure to deliver minimum standards of service and quality;
compliance failures, unethical behavior, unintended disclosure of confidential information; and the activities of our
clients, customers, and/or counterparties. Actions by the financial services industry in general, or by certain entities
or individuals within it, also could have a significantly adverse impact on our reputation.
Our actual or perceived failure to identify and address various issues also could give rise to reputational risk
that could significantly harm us and our business prospects, including failure to properly address operational risks.
These issues include legal and regulatory requirements; consumer protection, fair lending, and privacy issues;
properly maintaining customer and associated personal information; record keeping; protecting against money
laundering; sales and trading practices; and ethical issues.
Loss Share Compliance Risk
If the FDIC were to exercise its right to refuse or delay reimbursements for losses incurred on the loans acquired
in our AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions, the impact on our earnings could be adverse.
The loans we acquired in our AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions are covered by loss sharing agreements
with the FDIC. Under the terms of the agreements, the FDIC will reimburse us for 80% of losses on such covered
loans up to a certain threshold, and for 95% of losses incurred on such covered loans beyond the initial amount.
However, our failure to manage the loss sharing agreements in accordance with their respective terms could result in
the FDIC refusing to reimburse us, or delaying payment, either of which actions could adversely impact our earnings
to varying degrees.
To ensure that our loss sharing agreements are properly managed, we have established certain standards and
procedures that are designed to effectively control our exposure to loss share compliance risk.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES
Although we own certain of our branch offices as well as other buildings, the majority of our facilities are
leased under various lease and license agreements that expire at various times. (Please see Note 10, “Commitments
and Contingencies: Lease and License Commitments” in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.)
We believe that our facilities are adequate to meet our present and immediately foreseeable needs.
ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of its business. All such
actions, in the aggregate, involve amounts that are believed by management to be immaterial to the financial
condition and results of operations of the Company.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
36
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
The common stock of New York Community Bancorp, Inc. trades on the New York Stock Exchange (the
“NYSE”) under the symbol “NYCB.”
At December 31, 2014, the number of outstanding shares was 442,587,190 and the number of registered
owners was approximately 12,800. The latter figure does not include those investors whose shares were held for
them by a bank or broker at that date.
Dividends Declared per Common Share and Market Price of Common Stock
The following table sets forth the dividends declared per common share, and the intra-day high/low price
range and closing prices for the Company’s common stock, as reported by the NYSE, in each of the four quarters of
2014 and 2013:
Dividends
Declared per
Common Share
$0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
$0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
Market Price
High
Low
Close
$17.35
16.30
16.58
16.39
$14.36
14.38
15.86
16.88
$15.25
13.77
15.35
14.62
$12.90
12.91
13.99
15.11
$16.07
15.98
15.87
16.00
$14.35
14.00
15.11
16.85
2014
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
2013
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Please see the discussion of “Liquidity” in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations,” for information regarding restrictions on the Company’s ability to pay
dividends.
On June 27, 2014, our President and Chief Executive Officer, Joseph R. Ficalora, submitted to the NYSE his
Annual CEO certification confirming our compliance with the NYSE’s corporate governance listing standards, as
required by Section 303A.12(a) of the NYSE Listed Company Manual.
37
Stock Performance Graph
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any of the Company’s previous filings under the
Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that might incorporate future filings, including this
Form 10-K, in whole or in part, the following stock performance graph shall not be incorporated by reference into
any such filings.
The following graph compares the cumulative total return on the Company’s stock in the five years ended
December 31, 2014 with the cumulative total returns on a broad market index and a peer group index during the
same time. The S&P Mid-Cap 400 Index was chosen as the broad market index in connection with the Company’s
trading activity on the NYSE. The peer group index chosen was the SNL U.S. Bank and Thrift Index, which was
comprised of 443 bank and thrift institutions, including the Company, as of the date of this report. The data for the
indices included in the graph were provided to us by SNL Financial.
The cumulative total returns are based on the assumption that $100.00 was invested in each of the three
investments on December 31, 2009 and that all dividends paid since that date were reinvested. Such returns are
based on historical results and are not intended to suggest future performance.
Comparison of 5-Year Cumulative Total Return
Among New York Community Bancorp, Inc.,
S&P Mid-Cap 400 Index, and SNL U.S. Bank and Thrift Index
ASSUMES $100 INVESTED ON DECEMBER 31, 2009
ASSUMES DIVIDEND REINVESTED
FISCAL YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2014
12/31/2009
12/31/2010
12/31/2011
12/31/2012
12/31/2013
12/31/2014
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
$100.00
S&P Mid-Cap 400 Index
SNL U.S. Bank and Thrift Index
$100.00
$100.00
$137.97
$126.65
$111.64
$96.82
$124.46
$86.81
$110.65
$146.71
$116.57
$152.53
$195.80
$159.61
$154.44
$214.87
$178.18
38
Share Repurchases
Shares Repurchased Pursuant to the Company’s Stock-Based Incentive Plans
Participants in the Company’s stock-based incentive plans may have shares of common stock withheld to
fulfill the income tax obligations that arise in connection with their exercise of stock options and the vesting of their
stock awards. Shares that are withheld for this purpose are repurchased pursuant to the terms of the applicable stock-
based incentive plan, rather than pursuant to the share repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors,
described below.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, the Company allocated $7.3 million toward the
repurchase of shares of its common stock, including $940,000 in the fourth quarter, as indicated in the following
table:
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Period
First Quarter 2014
Second Quarter 2014
Third Quarter 2014
Fourth Quarter 2014:
October
November
December
Total Fourth Quarter 2014
2014 Total
Total Shares of Common
Stock Repurchased
358,461
8,810
11,209
Average Price Paid
per Common Share
$16.82
15.43
15.82
722
--
60,235
60,957
439,437
14.98
--
15.42
15.42
$16.57
Total
Allocation
$6,029
136
177
11
--
929
940
$7,282
Shares Repurchased Pursuant to the Board of Directors’ Share Repurchase Authorization
On April 20, 2004, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to five million shares of the
Company’s common stock. Of this amount, 1,659,816 shares were still available for repurchase at December 31,
2014. Under said authorization, shares may be repurchased on the open market or in privately negotiated
transactions. No shares have been repurchased under this authorization since August 2006.
Shares that are repurchased pursuant to the Board of Directors’ authorization, and those that are repurchased
pursuant to the Company’s stock-based incentive plans, are held in our Treasury account and may be used for
various corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, merger transactions and the vesting of restricted stock
awards.
39
ITEM 6.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
EARNINGS SUMMARY:
Net interest income
Provision for losses on non-covered loans
(Recovery of) provision for losses on covered
loans
Non-interest income
Non-interest expense:
Operating expenses
Amortization of core deposit intangibles
Income tax expense
Net income
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
Dividends paid per common share
SELECTED RATIOS:
Return on average assets
Return on average stockholders’ equity
Average stockholders’ equity to average assets
Operating expenses to average assets
Efficiency ratio
Interest rate spread
Net interest margin
Dividend payout ratio
BALANCE SHEET SUMMARY:
2014
At or For the Years Ended December 31,
2011
2012
2013
2010 (1)
$ 1,140,353
--
$ 1,166,616
18,000
$ 1,160,021
45,000
$ 1,200,421
79,000
$ 1,179,963
91,000
(18,587)
201,593
579,170
8,297
287,669
485,397
$1.09
1.09
1.00
1.01%
8.41
12.01
1.21
43.16
2.57
2.67
91.74
12,758
218,830
591,778
15,784
271,579
475,547
$1.08
1.08
1.00
1.07%
8.46
12.66
1.33
42.71
2.90
3.01
92.59
17,988
297,353
21,420
235,325
593,833
19,644
279,803
501,106
$1.13
1.13
1.00
1.18%
9.06
13.02
1.40
40.75
3.11
3.21
88.50
574,683
26,066
254,540
480,037
$1.09
1.09
1.00
1.17%
8.73
13.38
1.40
40.03
3.37
3.46
91.74
11,903
337,923
546,246
31,266
296,454
541,017
$1.24
1.24
1.00
1.29%
10.03
12.89
1.31
35.99
3.45
3.45
80.65
Total assets
Loans, net of allowances for loan losses
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans
Allowance for losses on covered loans
Securities
Deposits
Borrowed funds
Stockholders’ equity
Common shares outstanding
Book value per share
Stockholders’ equity to total assets
$48,559,217
35,647,639
139,857
45,481
7,096,450
28,328,734
14,226,487
5,781,815
442,587,190
$13.06
$46,688,287
32,727,507
141,946
64,069
7,951,020
25,660,992
15,105,002
5,735,662
440,809,365
$13.01
$44,145,100
31,580,636
140,948
51,311
4,913,528
24,877,521
13,430,191
5,656,264
439,050,966
$12.88
$42,024,302
30,152,154
137,290
33,323
4,540,516
22,325,654
13,960,413
5,565,704
437,344,796
$12.73
$41,190,689
29,041,595
158,942
11,903
4,788,891
21,890,328
13,536,116
5,526,220
435,646,845
$12.69
11.91%
12.29%
12.81%
13.24%
13.42%
ASSET QUALITY RATIOS (excluding covered
assets):
Non-performing non-covered loans to total
non-covered loans
Non-performing non-covered assets to total
non-covered assets
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans to
non-performing non-covered loans
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans to
total non-covered loans
Net charge-offs to average loans (2)
ASSET QUALITY RATIOS (including covered
assets):
(cid:3)
Total non-performing loans to total loans
Total non-performing assets to total assets
Allowances for loan losses to total non-
performing loans
Allowances for loan losses to total loans
0.23%
0.35%
0.96%
1.28%
2.63%
0.30
0.40
181.75
137.10
0.42
0.01
(cid:3)
0.66%
0.68
0.48
0.05
(cid:3)
0.97%
0.91
0.71
53.93
0.52
0.13
1.07
42.14
0.54
0.35
(cid:3)
1.88%
1.47
(cid:3)
2.30%
1.97
78.92
0.52
65.40
0.63
33.50
0.63
25.34
0.58
1.77
25.45
0.67
0.21
3.52%
2.61
17.34
0.61
(1) The Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Desert Hills Bank on March 26, 2010. Accordingly,
the Company’s 2010 earnings reflect combined operations from that date.
(2) Average loans include covered loans.
40
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
For the purpose of this discussion and analysis, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” are used
to refer to New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries, including New York Community
Bank (the “Community Bank”) and New York Commercial Bank (the “Commercial Bank”) (collectively, the
“Banks”).
Executive Summary
New York Community Bancorp, Inc. is the holding company for New York Community Bank, a thrift, with
242 branches in Metro New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Florida, and Arizona; and New York Commercial Bank, with
30 branches in Metro New York. With assets of $48.6 billion at December 31, 2014, we rank among the 25 largest
U.S. bank holding companies and, with deposits of $28.3 billion at that date, we also rank among its 25 largest
depositories.
Both of our banks are New York State-chartered and both are subject to regulation by the FDIC, the Consumer
Financial Protection Bureau, and the New York State Department of Financial Services. In addition, the holding
company is subject to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “FRB”), and to the
requirements of the New York Stock Exchange, where shares of our common stock are traded under the symbol
“NYCB”.
As a publicly traded company, our mission is to provide our shareholders with a solid return on their
investment by producing a strong financial performance, maintaining a solid capital position, and engaging in
corporate strategies that enhance the value of their shares. In support of this mission, we maintain a consistent
business model, as described below:
• We originate multi-family loans on non-luxury apartment buildings in New York City that are subject to
rent regulation and feature below-market rents;
• We underwrite our loans in accordance with conservative credit standards in order to maintain a high
level of asset quality;
• We originate one-to-four family loans through our proprietary web-based mortgage banking platform and
sell the vast majority of those loans to government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”), servicing retained;
• We are intent upon maintaining an efficient operation; and
• We grow through accretive acquisitions of other financial institutions, branches, and/or deposits.
The merits of this time-tested business model are reflected in the following achievements:
• We are the leading producer of multi-family loans for portfolio in New York City;
• We have produced a consistent record of above-average asset quality;
• We rank among the nation’s top 15 aggregators of one-to-four family loans;
• We consistently rank among the nation’s most efficient bank holding companies; and
• We have generated solid earnings and maintained a consistent position of capital strength.
Among the external factors that tend to influence our performance, the interest rate environment is key. Just as
short-term interest rates affect the cost of our deposits and that of the funds we borrow, market interest rates affect
the yields on the loans we produce for investment and the securities in which we invest.
The following table summarizes the high, low, and average five- and ten-year Constant Maturity Treasury
rates in 2014 and 2013:
Constant Maturity Treasury Rates
10-Year
5-Year
2014
1.85%
1.37
1.64
2013
1.85%
0.65
1.17
2013
2014
3.01% 3.04%
2.07
2.54
1.66
2.35
High
Low
Average
41
In addition, residential market interest rates impact the volume of one-to-four family mortgage loans we
originate in any given quarter, in view of their impact on new home purchases and refinancing activity. Accordingly,
when residential mortgage interest rates are low, refinancing activity typically increases; as residential mortgage
interest rates begin to rise, the refinancing of one-to-four family mortgage loans typically declines. In the first nine
months of 2014, residential mortgage interest rates rose from the year-earlier level, only to fall in the fourth quarter
of the year. As a result, the volume of one-to-four family loans produced was lower in 2014 than it was in the prior
year.
The impact of market interest rates on our multi-family and commercial real estate lending is far less overt
than the impact on our production of one-to-four family mortgage loans. Because the multi-family and commercial
real estate loans we produce generate prepayment penalty income when they repay, the impact of repayment activity
can be especially meaningful. While prepayment penalty income reached $136.8 million in 2013—the third
consecutive year in which we established a new record—the level declined to $86.8 million in 2014.
Also less overt, but nonetheless having an impact on our operations, has been the significant increase in
regulation and supervision required under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of
2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act” or, more simply “Dodd-Frank”). For example, as a bank holding company with assets
in the range of $10 billion to $50 billion, we were required to submit our first Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test
(“DFAST”) report, including the results of our stress tests, to the FRB in March 2014. Our second DFAST report
will be submitted later this month (i.e., March 2015), and the results of our stress tests will be disclosed in June.
With assets of $41.2 billion at December 31, 2010, and a fundamental focus on growth through acquisition,
we began in 2011 to prepare for the possibility of exceeding the threshold for classification as a “Systemically
Important Financial Institution” (“SIFI”) as such term is defined by the Dodd-Frank Act. Since then, we have
invested significant human, technological, and financial resources into our enterprise risk management program,
while also strengthening our corporate governance policies, procedures, and practices. We also have continued to
grow our balance sheet. At December 31, 2014, we recorded total assets of $48.6 billion, a $1.9 billion, or 4.0%,
increase from the balance at December 31, 2013.
Essentially, a bank is designated a “SIFI” when the average of its total consolidated assets over the four most
recent quarters exceeds $50 billion. In the third quarter of 2014, with our assets drawing closer to $50 billion, we
decided to manage our assets below that level for the near-term as we continue to evaluate the impact of the SIFI
threshold being crossed.
Accordingly, in the fourth quarter of 2014, we reduced our loans by $601.0 million through a combination of
sales and participations, and our securities by $354.8 million through a combination of sales and calls. These
reductions were largely offset by an increase in the production of multi-family loans and specialty finance loans and
leases for portfolio.
While the costs of complying with Dodd-Frank have added meaningfully to our operating expenses, the
impact was more than offset in 2014 by a decline in our FDIC deposit insurance assessments and the expenses
associated with the management and sale of foreclosed real estate, as the quality of our assets continued to improve.
Reflecting our unique lending niche and our conservative underwriting standards, net charge-offs declined
$14.9 million from the year-earlier level to $2.1 million in 2014. In addition, non-performing non-covered assets
declined $36.0 million year-over-year to $138.9 million at the end of this December, the lowest level we’ve
recorded since December 31, 2008. Reflecting these improvements, net charge-offs represented 0.01% of average
loans in 2014, and non-performing non-covered assets represented 0.30% of total non-covered assets at year-end.
While the quality of our assets generally reflects the nature of our primary lending niche and the benefit of
conservative underwriting, it also reflects certain economic improvements that occurred in 2014. Those
improvements are reflected in the economic data cited on the following page.
42
The following table presents the downward trend in unemployment rates, as reported by the U.S. Department
of Labor, both nationally and in the various markets that comprise our footprint, for the months indicated:
(cid:3)
Unemployment rate:
United States
New York City
Arizona
Florida
New Jersey
New York
Ohio
For the Month Ended December 31,
2014
2013
5.6%
6.4
6.5
5.4
5.7
5.7
4.7
6.7%
7.5
7.3
5.9
6.7
6.6
6.6
Yet another key economic indicator is the Consumer Price Index (the “CPI”), which measures the average
change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. The
following table indicates the change in the CPI for the twelve months ended at each of the indicated dates:
Change in prices:
For the Twelve Months Ended
December
2014
0.8%
December
2013
1.5%
The recovery is also reflected in the S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Index for the twelve months ended
December 2014 and 2013. Home prices rose 4.6% across the U.S. in the twelve months ended December 2014, as
compared to 11.3% in the year-earlier twelve months. Given the impact that home prices have on residential
mortgage lending, we believe the S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Index is a particularly important economic indicator
for the Company.
In addition, the volume of new home sales nationwide was at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 481,000 in
December 2014, according to estimates set forth in a U.S. Commerce Department report issued on January 27, 2015.
The December 2014 rate was 8.8% higher than the rate reported in December 2013.
Yet another pertinent economic indicator is the residential rental vacancy rate in New York, as reported by the
U.S. Department of Commerce, and the office vacancy rate in Manhattan, as reported by a leading commercial real
estate broker, Jones Lang LaSalle. These measures are important in view of the fact that 79.9% of our multi-family
loans and 87.4% of our CRE loans are secured by properties in New York State, with Manhattan accounting for
35.1% and 50.8% of our multi-family and CRE loans, respectively. As reflected in the following table, rental
vacancy rates have improved in these markets over the indicated periods:
(cid:3)
Residential rental vacancy rate in New York
Manhattan office vacancy rate(cid:3)
For the Three Months Ended
December 31,
2014
4.7%
9.7
2013
5.8%
11.1
In addition, the Consumer Confidence Index® moved up to 93.1 in December 2014 from 78.1 in December
2013. An index level of 90 or more is considered indicative of a strong economy.
Recent Events
On January 26, 2015, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per share, payable on
February 20, 2015 to shareholders of record at the close of business on February 9, 2015.
Critical Accounting Policies
We consider certain accounting policies to be critically important to the portrayal of our financial condition
and results of operations, since they require management to make complex or subjective judgments, some of which
may relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. The inherent sensitivity of our consolidated financial statements
to these critical accounting policies, and the judgments, estimates, and assumptions used therein, could have a
material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
43
We have identified the following to be critical accounting policies: the determination of the allowances for
loan losses; the valuation of mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”); the determination of whether an impairment of
securities is other than temporary; the determination of the amount, if any, of goodwill impairment; and the
determination of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.
The judgments used by management in applying these critical accounting policies may be influenced by
adverse changes in the economic environment, which may result in changes to future financial results.
Allowances for Loan Losses
Allowance for Losses on Non-Covered Loans
The allowance for losses on non-covered loans is increased by provisions for non-covered loan losses that are
charged against earnings, and is reduced by net charge-offs and/or reversals, if any, that are credited to earnings.
Although non-covered loans are held by either the Community Bank or the Commercial Bank, and a separate loan
loss allowance is established for each, the total of the two allowances is available to cover all losses incurred. In
addition, except as otherwise noted in the following discussion, the process for establishing the allowance for losses
on non-covered loans is largely the same for each of the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank.
The methodology used for the allocation of the allowance for non-covered loan losses at December 31, 2014,
2013, and 2012 was also generally comparable, whereby the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank segregated
their loss factors (used for both criticized and non-criticized loans) into a component that was primarily based on
historical loss rates and a component that was primarily based on other qualitative factors that were probable to
affect loan collectability. In determining the respective allowances for non-covered loan losses, management
considers the Community Bank’s and the Commercial Bank’s current business strategies and credit processes,
including compliance with applicable regulatory guidelines and with guidelines approved by the respective Boards
of Directors with regard to credit limitations, loan approvals, underwriting criteria, and loan workout procedures.
The allowance for losses on non-covered loans is established based on our evaluation of incurred losses in our
portfolio in accordance with GAAP, and is comprised of both specific valuation allowances and general valuation
allowances.
Specific valuation allowances are established based on management’s analyses of individual loans that are
considered impaired. If a non-covered loan is deemed to be impaired, management measures the extent of the
impairment and establishes a specific valuation allowance for that amount. A non-covered loan is classified as
“impaired” when, based on current information and/or events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect both the
principal and interest due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. We apply this classification as
necessary to non-covered loans individually evaluated for impairment in our portfolios. Smaller-balance
homogenous loans and loans carried at the lower of cost or fair value are evaluated for impairment on a collective,
rather than individual, basis. Loans to certain borrowers who have experienced financial difficulty and for which the
terms have been modified, resulting in a concession, are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and are
classified as impaired.
We generally measure impairment on an individual loan and determine the extent to which a specific
valuation allowance is necessary by comparing the loan’s outstanding balance to either the fair value of the
collateral, less the estimated cost to sell, or the present value of expected cash flows, discounted at the loan’s
effective interest rate. Generally, when the fair value of the collateral, net of the estimated costs to sell, or the
present value of the expected cash flows is less than the recorded investment in the loan, any shortfall is promptly
charged off.
We also follow a process to assign general valuation allowances to non-covered loan categories. General
valuation allowances are established by applying our loan loss provisioning methodology, and reflect the inherent
risk in outstanding held-for-investment loans. This loan loss provisioning methodology considers various factors in
determining the appropriate quantified risk factors to use to determine the general valuation allowances. The factors
assessed begin with the historical loan loss experience for each major loan category. Our allowance for loan losses
methodology also considers an estimate of the historical loss emergence period (which is the period of time between
the event that triggers a loss and the confirmation and/or charge-off of that loss) for each loan portfolio segment.
During 2014, this methodology was enhanced by estimating the loss emergence period using a more granular
segmentation approach. The allocation methodology consists of the following components: First, we determine an
allowance for loan losses based on a quantitative loss factor for loans evaluated collectively for impairment. This
44
quantitative loss factor is based primarily on historical loss rates, after considering loan type, historical loss and
delinquency experience, and loss emergence periods. The quantitative loss factors applied in the methodology are
periodically re-evaluated and adjusted to reflect changes in historical loss levels, loss emergence periods, or other
risks. Lastly, we allocate an allowance for loan losses to qualitative loss factors. These qualitative loss factors are
designed to account for losses that may not be provided for by the quantitative loss component due to other factors
evaluated by management which include, but are not limited to:
• Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection,
charge-off, and recovery practices;
• Changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions, and
developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio, including the condition of various market
segments;
• Changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans;
• Changes in the volume and severity of past-due loans, the volume of non-accrual loans, and the volume
and severity of adversely classified or graded loans;
• Changes in the quality of our loan review system;
• Changes in the value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans;
• The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations;
• Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; and
• The effect of other external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements, on the
level of estimated credit losses in the existing portfolio.
By considering the factors discussed above, we determine an allowance for non-covered loan loss that is
applied to each significant loan portfolio segment to determine the total allowance for losses on non-covered loans.
In 2014, we changed the historical loss period we use to determine the allowance for loan losses on non-
covered loans to a rolling 16-quarter look-back period, as we believe this to be a more appropriate reflection of our
historical loss experience. This change has not had a significant effect on the allowance for losses on non-covered
loans, nor is it expected to do so.
The process of establishing the allowance for losses on non-covered loans also involves:
•
Periodic inspections of the loan collateral by qualified in-house and external property appraisers and/or
inspectors, as applicable;
• Regular meetings of executive management with the pertinent Board committee, during which observable
trends in the local economy and/or the real estate market are discussed;
• Assessment of the aforementioned factors by the pertinent members of the Boards of Directors and
management when making a business judgment regarding the impact of anticipated changes on the future
level of loan losses; and
• Analysis of the portfolio in the aggregate, as well as on an individual loan basis, taking into consideration
payment history, underwriting analyses, and internal risk ratings.
In order to determine their overall adequacy, each of the respective non-covered loan loss allowances is
reviewed quarterly by management and the Board of Directors of the Community Bank or the Commercial Bank, as
applicable.
We charge off loans, or portions of loans, in the period that such loans, or portions thereof, are deemed
uncollectible. The collectability of individual loans is determined through an assessment of the financial condition
and repayment capacity of the borrower and/or through an estimate of the fair value of any underlying collateral. For
non-real estate-related consumer credits, the following past-due time periods determine when charge-offs are
typically recorded: (1) Closed-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 120 days past due;
(2) Open-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 180 days past due; and (3) Both closed-end
and open-end credits are typically charged off in the quarter that the credit is 60 days past the date we received
notification that the borrower has filed for bankruptcy.
45
The level of future additions to the respective non-covered loan loss allowances is based on many factors,
including certain factors that are beyond our control. These include changes in economic and local market
conditions, including declines in real estate values, and increases in vacancy rates and unemployment. We use the
best available information to recognize losses on loans or to make additions to the loan loss allowances; however,
the Community Bank and/or the Commercial Bank may be required to take certain charge-offs and/or recognize
further additions to their loan loss allowances, based on the judgment of regulatory agencies with regard to
information provided to them during their examinations of the Banks.
An allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained separate from the allowances for non-covered loan
losses and is included in “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.
Allowance for Losses on Covered Loans
We account for the loans acquired in the AmTrust Bank (“AmTrust”) and Desert Hills Bank (“Desert Hills”)
acquisitions (our “covered loans”) based on expected cash flows, in accordance with Financial Accounting
Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 310-30, “Loans and Debt Securities
Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality” (“ASC 310-30”). In accordance with ASC 310-30, we maintain the
integrity of a pool of multiple loans accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an
aggregate expectation of cash flows.
Covered loans are reported exclusive of the FDIC loss share receivable. The covered loans acquired in the
AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions are, and will continue to be, reviewed for collectability based on the
expectations of cash flows from these loans. Covered loans have been aggregated into pools of loans with common
characteristics. In determining the allowance for losses on covered loans, we periodically perform an analysis to
estimate the expected cash flows for each of the loan pools. A provision for losses on covered loans is recorded to
the extent that the expected cash flows from a loan pool have decreased for credit-related items since the acquisition
date. Accordingly, during the loss share recovery period, if there is a decrease in expected cash flows due to an
increase in estimated credit losses compared to the estimates made at the respective acquisition dates, the decrease in
the present value of expected cash flows will be recorded as a provision for covered loan losses charged to earnings,
and the allowance for covered loan losses will be increased. During the loss share recovery period, a related credit to
non-interest income and an increase in the FDIC loss share receivable will be recognized at the same time, and will
be measured based on the applicable loss sharing agreement percentage.
Please see Note 6, “Allowances for Loan Losses” for a further discussion of our allowance for losses on
covered loans, as well as additional information about our allowance for losses on non-covered loans.
Mortgage Servicing Rights (“MSRs”)
We recognize the right to service mortgage loans for others as a separate asset referred to as mortgage
servicing rights, or “MSRs.” MSRs are generally recognized when one-to-four family loans are sold or securitized,
servicing retained, and are initially recorded, and subsequently carried, at fair value.
We base the fair value of our MSRs on the present value of estimated future net servicing income cash flows,
utilizing an internal valuation model. The model we utilize is based on assumptions that market participants would
use to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, refinance rates,
servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income. We reassess, and
periodically adjust, these underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect market conditions and changes in the
assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing MSRs.
Changes in the fair value of MSRs occur primarily in connection with the collection/realization of expected
cash flows, as well as changes in the valuation inputs and assumptions. Changes in the fair value of MSRs are
reported in “Mortgage banking income” in the period during which such changes occur.
Investment Securities
The securities portfolio primarily consists of mortgage-related securities and, to a lesser extent, debt and
equity (together, “other”) securities. Securities that are classified as “available for sale” are carried at their estimated
fair value, with any unrealized gains or losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income or
loss in stockholders’ equity. Securities that we have the intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held
to maturity” and carried at amortized cost, less the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in accumulated other
comprehensive loss, net of tax (“AOCL”).
46
The fair values of our securities, and particularly our fixed-rate securities, are affected by changes in market
interest rates, liquidity, and credit spreads. In general, as interest rates rise and/or credit spreads widen, the fair value
of fixed-rate securities will decline; as interest rates fall and/or credit spreads tighten, the fair value of fixed-rate
securities will rise. We regularly conduct a review and evaluation of our securities portfolio to determine if the
decline in the fair value of any security below its carrying amount is other than temporary. If we deem any decline in
value to be other than temporary, the security is written down to its current fair value, creating a new cost basis, and
the resultant loss (other than the OTTI on debt securities attributable to non-credit factors) is charged against
earnings and recorded in “Non-interest income.” Our assessment of a decline in fair value includes judgment as to
the financial position and future prospects of the entity that issued the investment security, as well as a review of the
security’s underlying collateral. Broad changes in the overall market or interest rate environment generally will not
lead to a write-down.
In accordance with OTTI accounting guidance, unless we have the intent to sell, or it is more likely than not
that we may be required to sell a security before recovery, OTTI is recognized as a realized loss in earnings to the
extent that the decline in fair value is credit-related. If there is a decline in fair value of a security below its carrying
amount and we have the intent to sell it, or it is more likely than not that we may be required to sell the security
before recovery, the entire amount of the decline in fair value is charged to earnings.
Goodwill Impairment
Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite useful life and is tested for impairment, rather than amortized, at
the reporting unit level, at least once a year. We performed our annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31,
2014 and found no indication of goodwill impairment at that date.
Goodwill would be tested in less than one year’s time if there were a “triggering event.” There were no
triggering events identified during the twelve months ended December 31, 2014.
The goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. However, a company can, under Accounting Standards
Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-08, “Testing Goodwill for Impairment,” first assess qualitative factors to determine
whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under this amendment, an
entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determined, based on a
qualitative assessment, that it was more likely than not that its fair value was less than its carrying amount. The
Company did not elect to perform a qualitative assessment in 2014. The first step (“Step 1”) is used to identify
potential impairment, and involves comparing each reporting segment’s estimated fair value to its carrying amount,
including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of a reporting segment exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not
considered to be impaired. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value, there is an indication of potential
impairment and the second step (“Step 2”) is performed to measure the amount.
Step 2 involves calculating an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting segment for which impairment
was indicated in Step 1. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in a manner similar to the amount of
goodwill calculated in a business combination, i.e., by measuring the excess of the estimated fair value of the
reporting segment, as determined in Step 1, over the aggregate estimated fair values of the individual assets,
liabilities, and identifiable intangibles, as if the reporting segment were being acquired in a business combination at
the impairment test date. If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to
the reporting segment, there is no impairment. If the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting segment
exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess. An impairment loss
cannot exceed the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting segment, and the loss establishes a new basis
in the goodwill. Subsequent reversal of goodwill impairment losses is not permitted.
Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are used as the basis for
measurement, when available. Other acceptable valuation methods include present-value measurements based on
multiples of earnings or revenues, or similar performance measures. Differences in the identification of reporting
units and in valuation techniques could result in materially different evaluations of impairment.
For the purpose of goodwill impairment testing, management has determined that the Company has two
reporting segments: Banking Operations and Residential Mortgage Banking. All of our recorded goodwill has
resulted from prior acquisitions and, accordingly, is attributed to Banking Operations. There is no goodwill
associated with Residential Mortgage Banking, as this segment was acquired in our FDIC-assisted AmTrust
acquisition, which resulted in a bargain purchase gain. In order to perform our annual goodwill impairment test, we
determined the carrying value of the Banking Operations segment to be the carrying value of the Company and
compared it to the fair value of the Company.
47
Income Taxes
In estimating income taxes, management assesses the relative merits and risks of the tax treatment of
transactions, taking into account statutory, judicial, and regulatory guidance in the context of our tax position. In this
process, management also relies on tax opinions, recent audits, and historical experience. Although we use the best
available information to record income taxes, underlying estimates and assumptions can change over time as a result
of unanticipated events or circumstances such as changes in tax laws and judicial guidance influencing our overall or
transaction-specific tax position.
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to differences
between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and
the carryforward of certain tax attributes such as net operating losses. A valuation allowance is maintained for
deferred tax assets that we estimate are more likely than not to be unrealizable, based on available evidence at the
time the estimate is made. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we estimate future taxable income,
considering the prudence and feasibility of tax planning strategies and the realizability of tax loss carryforwards.
Valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets can be affected by changes to tax laws, statutory tax rates, and
future taxable income levels. In the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or a portion
of our net deferred tax assets in the future, we would reduce such amounts through a charge to income tax expense
in the period in which that determination was made. Conversely, if we were to determine that we would be able to
realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net carrying amounts, we would decrease the recorded
valuation allowance through a decrease in income tax expense in the period in which that determination was made.
Subsequently recognized tax benefits associated with valuation allowances recorded in a business combination
would be recorded as an adjustment to goodwill.
On March 31, 2014, new tax legislation was enacted that changed the manner in which financial institutions
and their affiliates are taxed in New York State. The most significant changes affecting the Company are
summarized below:
• New York State tax is now determined by measuring the apportioned income of the combined group of
all domestic affiliates of a New York taxpayer that participate in a unitary business relationship, rather
than by applying differing rules based on the tax status of each affiliate;
• Taxable income is apportioned to New York State based on the location of the taxpayer’s customers, with
special rules for income from certain financial transactions. The location of the taxpayer’s offices and
branches are no longer relevant to the determination of income apportioned to New York State;
• The statutory tax rate is reduced from 7.1% to 6.5%; and
• Thrift institutions that maintain a qualified residential loan portfolio are entitled to a specially computed
modification that reduces the income taxable to New York State.
While most of the provisions of this legislation are effective for fiscal years beginning in 2015, the statutory
tax rate will not be reduced until 2016. However, certain impacts of this tax law change were reflected in our 2014
income tax expense, in the form of a one-time charge of $3.5 million. That said, it is expected that this law will
result in a modest reduction in our current income tax expense beginning in 2015. The amount of the impact on our
future tax expense will be affected by any changes in our operations, structure, or profitability.
In January 2015, new tax legislation was proposed by the Governor of the State of New York that would
change the tax laws of New York City that are applicable to the Company in a manner similar to the changes that
were made to the New York State laws described above. These changes would also be effective January 1, 2015.
However, the New York City laws would differ from the New York State laws in certain ways. For example, the
New York City laws would retain an alternative tax on capital; would reduce the statutory tax rate on financial
institutions from 9.00% to 8.85%; and would determine the New York City apportionment of taxable income by
applying a customer-based receipts factor that would become the exclusive indicator of business activity, but only
after a three-year phase-out of other factors (i.e., payroll and property). Inclusive of the New York State tax law
revisions described above, and absent any change in our operations, structure, or profitability, the proposed changes
to the New York City tax laws would result in a modest increase in the Company’s New York City and State
aggregate tax expense in 2015.
48
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Balance Sheet Summary
Our total assets rose $1.9 billion, or 4.0%, year-over-year, to $48.6 billion at December 31, 2014. The growth
of our assets was primarily due to the production of loans held for investment and, more particularly, the production
of held-for-investment multi-family loans. Including a $3.1 billion increase in the portfolio of multi-family loans to
$23.8 billion, loans held for investment rose $3.2 billion to $33.0 billion at December 31, 2014. The benefit of the
increase in loans held for investment was partly offset by an $854.6 million reduction in the balance of securities.
The growth of our portfolio of loans held for investment was largely funded by the growth of our deposits,
which rose $2.7 billion from the year-earlier balance to $28.3 billion at December 31, 2014. While certificates of
deposit (“CDs”) declined $511.5 million year-over-year, the impact was more than offset by a $2.0 billion increase
in NOW and money market accounts, a $1.1 billion increase in savings accounts, and a $36.4 million increase in
non-interest-bearing accounts. In tandem with the increase in deposits, borrowed funds fell $878.5 million year-
over-year to $14.2 billion.
Stockholders’ equity rose $46.2 million year-over-year to $5.8 billion, representing 11.91% of total assets and
a book value per share of $13.06. Tangible stockholders’ equity rose $54.5 million during this time, to $3.3 billion,
representing 7.24% of tangible assets and a tangible book value per share of $7.54. (Please see the discussion and
reconciliations of stockholders’ equity and tangible stockholders’ equity, total assets and tangible assets, and the
related measures that appear on the last page of this discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of
operations.)
Loans
Total loans grew $2.9 billion year-over-year, to $35.8 billion, representing 73.8% of total assets at December
31, 2014. Covered loans represented $2.4 billion, or 6.8%, of the year-end 2014 balance, and non-covered loans
accounted for the remaining $33.4 billion, or 93.2%. Included in non-covered loans were $33.0 billion of loans held
for investment, and $379.4 million of loans held for sale.
Covered Loans
In December 2009 and March 2010, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of AmTrust and
Desert Hills, respectively, in FDIC-assisted acquisitions. “Covered loans” refers to the loans we acquired in those
transactions, and are referred to as such because they are covered by loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. The
loss sharing agreements require the FDIC to reimburse us for 80% of losses up to a specified threshold, and for 95%
of losses beyond that threshold, with respect to covered loans and covered other real estate owned (“OREO”).
At December 31, 2014, covered loans represented $2.4 billion, or 6.8%, of the total loan balance, a decline
from $2.8 billion, representing 8.5% of total loans, at the prior year-end. The decline in covered loans was primarily
due to repayments.
One-to-four family loans, originated at both fixed and adjustable rates, represented $2.2 billion of total
covered loans at the end of this December, with all other types of covered loans representing $216.2 million,
combined. Covered other loans consist of commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans; acquisition, development, and
construction (“ADC”) loans; multi-family loans; commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans; home equity lines of
credit (“HELOCs”); and consumer loans.
At December 31, 2014, $1.7 billion, or 70.8%, of the loans in our covered loan portfolio were variable-rate
loans, with a contractual weighted average interest rate of 3.28%. The remainder of the portfolio consisted of fixed-
rate loans. The interest rates on 84.1% of our covered variable rate loans were scheduled to reprice within twelve
months and annually thereafter, and we generally expect such loans to reprice at lower interest rates. The interest
rates on our variable-rate covered loans are indexed to either the one-year LIBOR or the one-year Treasury rate, plus
a spread in the range of 2% to 5%, subject to certain caps.
In 2014, we recovered $18.6 million from the allowance for covered loan losses, reflecting an increase in
expected cash flows from certain pools of acquired loans that had previously experienced a decline in credit quality.
The recovery was largely offset by FDIC indemnification expense of $14.9 million, recorded in “Non-interest
income” in the corresponding year. In contrast, we recorded a provision for losses on covered loans of $12.8 million
in 2013, as the expected cash flows from certain pools of acquired loans declined in connection with a decrease in
49
credit quality. The provision was largely offset by FDIC indemnification income of $10.2 million, recorded in “Non-
interest income” in the corresponding year.
While the loss sharing agreements with respect to our covered one-to-four family loans and home equity loans
extend for ten years from the dates of acquisition, the loss sharing agreements with respect to all other covered loans
and the OREO acquired in the Desert Hills transaction expire five years from the acquisition dates. Accordingly, in
March 2015, approximately $23.4 million of other covered loans and $942,000 of OREO acquired in our Desert
Hills transaction will transfer to held-for-investment as the loss sharing agreements to which they currently are
subject will expire during said month.
Geographical Analysis of the Covered Loan Portfolio
The following table presents a geographical analysis of our covered loan portfolio at December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
California
Florida
Arizona
Ohio
Massachusetts
Michigan
New York
Illinois
Maryland
New Jersey
Nevada
Minnesota
Washington
Colorado
North Carolina
All other states
Total covered loans
$ 423,755
409,536
195,676
154,771
116,583
109,880
84,628
84,603
65,116
58,610
57,652
53,704
52,587
51,477
50,772
459,272
$2,428,622
Loan Maturity and Repricing Analysis: Covered Loans
The following table sets forth the maturity or period to repricing of our covered loan portfolio at December 31,
2014. Loans that have adjustable rates are shown as being due or repricing in the period during which their interest
rates are next subject to change.
(in thousands)
Amount due or repricing:
Within one year
After one year:
One to five years
Over five years
Total due or repricing after one year
Total amounts due or repricing, gross
Covered Loans at December 31, 2014
One-to-Four
Family
All Other
Loans
Total
Loans
$1,147,394
$202,436
$1,349,830
217,681
847,367
1,065,048
$2,212,442
8,219
5,525
13,744
$216,180
225,900
852,892
1,078,792
$2,428,622
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2014, the dollar amount of all covered loans due or
repricing after December 31, 2015, and indicates whether such loans have fixed or adjustable rates of interest.
(in thousands)
One-to-four family
All other loans
Total loans
Due or Repricing
after December 31, 2015
Adjustable
$312,544
7,179
$319,723
Total
$1,065,048
13,744
$1,078,792
Fixed
$752,504
6,565
$759,069
50
Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment
Non-covered loans held for investment totaled $33.0 billion at the end of this December, representing 92.1%
of total loans and a $3.2 billion, or 10.7%, increase from the balance at December 31, 2013. In addition to multi-
family loans and CRE loans, the held-for-investment portfolio includes substantially smaller balances of one-to-four
family loans, ADC loans, and other loans, with C&I loans comprising the bulk of the “other loan” portfolio.
In 2014, originations of held-for-investment loans represented $11.0 billion, or 77.5%, of total loan
originations, a $140.2 million decrease from the volume produced in the prior year. Consistent with management’s
focus on containing the growth of our assets in the near-term, the increase in the volume of multi-family loans and
specialty finance loans and leases we originated was exceeded by reductions in the volume of CRE, one-to-four
family, ADC, and other C&I loans produced.
Multi-Family Loans
Multi-family loans are our principal asset. The loans we produce are primarily secured by non-luxury,
residential apartment buildings in New York City that are rent-regulated and feature below-market rents—a market
we refer to as our “primary lending niche.” Consistent with our emphasis on multi-family lending, multi-family loan
originations represented $7.6 billion, or 68.9%, of the loans we produced in 2014 for investment, exceeding the
year-earlier volume by $167.4 million and establishing a new record with regard to the volume of multi-family loans
produced in a single year.
At December 31, 2014, multi-family loans represented $23.8 billion, or 72.2%, of total non-covered loans
held for investment, reflecting a year-over-year increase of $3.1 billion, or 15.1%. At December 31, 2014 and 2013,
respectively, the average multi-family loan had a principal balance of $5.0 million and $4.5 million; the expected
weighted average life of the portfolio was 3.0 years and 2.9 years at the respective dates.
The majority of our multi-family loans are made to long-term owners of buildings with apartments that are
subject to rent regulation and feature below-market rents. Our borrowers typically use the funds we provide to make
building-wide improvements and renovations to certain apartments, as a result of which they are able to increase the
rents their tenants pay. In doing so, the borrower creates more cash flows to borrow against in future years.
In addition to underwriting multi-family loans on the basis of the buildings’ income and condition, we
consider the borrowers’ credit history, profitability, and building management expertise. Borrowers are required to
present evidence of their ability to repay the loan from the buildings’ current rent rolls, their financial statements,
and related documents.
While a small percentage of our multi-family loans are ten-year fixed rate credits, the vast majority of our
multi-family loans feature a term of ten or twelve years, with a fixed rate of interest for the first five or seven years
of the loan, and an alternative rate of interest in years six through ten or eight through twelve. The rate charged in
the first five or seven years is generally based on intermediate-term interest rates plus a spread. During the
remaining years, the loan resets to an annually adjustable rate that is tied to the prime rate of interest, plus a spread.
Alternately, the borrower may opt for a fixed rate that is tied to the five-year fixed advance rate of the Federal Home
Loan Bank of New York (the “FHLB-NY”), plus a spread. The fixed-rate option also requires the payment of one
percentage point of the then-outstanding loan balance. In either case, the minimum rate at repricing is equivalent to
the rate in the initial five- or seven-year term.
As the rent roll increases, the typical property owner seeks to refinance the mortgage, and generally does so
before the loan reprices in year six or eight. The expected weighted average life of the portfolio at December 31,
2014 and 2013, as noted above, is indicative of this practice.
Multi-family loans that refinance within the first five or seven years are typically subject to an established
prepayment penalty schedule. Depending on the remaining term of the loan at the time of prepayment, the penalties
normally range from five percentage points to one percentage point of the then-current loan balance. If a loan
extends past the fifth or seventh year and the borrower selects the fixed rate option, the prepayment penalties
typically reset to a range of five points to one point over years six through ten or eight through twelve. For example,
a ten-year multi-family loan that prepays in year three would generally be expected to pay a prepayment penalty
equal to three percentage points of the remaining principal balance. A twelve-year multi-family loan that prepays in
year one or two would generally be expected to pay a penalty equal to five percentage points.
51
Prepayment penalties are recorded as interest income and are therefore reflected in the average yields on our
loans and assets, our interest rate spread and net interest margin, and the level of net interest income we record. No
assumptions are involved in the recognition of prepayment penalty income, as such income is only recorded when
cash is received.
Our success as a multi-family lender partly reflects the solid relationships we have developed with the
market’s leading mortgage brokers, who are familiar with our lending practices, our underwriting standards, and our
long-standing practice of basing our loans on the cash flows produced by the properties. The process of producing
such loans is generally four to six weeks in duration and, because the multi-family market is largely broker-driven,
the expense incurred in sourcing such loans is substantially reduced.
At December 31, 2014, the vast majority of our multi-family loans were secured by rental apartment
buildings. In addition, 75.1% of our multi-family loans were secured by buildings in New York City and 4.9% were
secured by buildings elsewhere in New York State. The remaining 20.1% of multi-family loans were secured by
buildings outside these markets, including in the four other states served by our retail branch offices.
Our emphasis on multi-family loans is driven by several factors, including their structure, which reduces our
exposure to interest rate volatility to some degree. Another factor driving our focus on multi-family lending has been
the comparative quality of the loans we produce. Reflecting the nature of the buildings securing our loans, our
underwriting standards, and the generally conservative loan-to-value ratios (“LTVs”) our multi-family loans feature
at origination, a relatively small percentage of the multi-family loans that have transitioned to non-performing status
have actually resulted in losses, even when the credit cycle has taken a downward turn.
We primarily underwrite our multi-family loans based on the current cash flows produced by the collateral
property, with a reliance on the “income” approach to appraising the properties, rather than the “sales” approach.
The sales approach is subject to fluctuations in the real estate market, as well as general economic conditions, and is
therefore likely to be more risky in the event of a downward credit cycle turn. We also consider a variety of other
factors, including the physical condition of the underlying property; the net operating income of the mortgaged
premises prior to debt service; the debt service coverage ratio (“DSCR”), which is the ratio of the property’s net
operating income to its debt service; and the ratio of the loan amount to the appraised value of the property. The
multi-family loans we are originating today generally represent no more than 75% of the lower of the appraised
value or the sales price of the underlying property, and typically feature an amortization period of up to 30 years. In
addition to requiring a minimum DSCR of 120% on multi-family buildings, we obtain a security interest in the
personal property located on the premises, and an assignment of rents and leases.
Accordingly, while our multi-family lending niche has not been immune to downturns in the credit cycle, we
continue to believe that the multi-family loans we produce involve less credit risk than certain other types of loans.
In general, buildings that are subject to rent regulation have tended to be stable, with occupancy levels remaining
more or less constant over time. Because the rents are typically below market and the buildings securing our loans
are generally maintained in good condition, they have been more likely to retain their tenants in adverse economic
times. In addition, we underwrite our multi-family loans on the basis of the current cash flows generated by the
underlying properties, and exclude any short-term property tax exemptions and abatement benefits the property
owners receive.
Commercial Real Estate Loans
At December 31, 2014, CRE loans represented $7.6 billion, or 23.1%, of total loans held for investment, as
compared to $7.4 billion, or 24.7%, at December 31, 2013. At the respective year-ends, the average CRE loan had a
principal balance of $5.0 million and $4.7 million, and the portfolio had an expected weighted average life of 3.2
years and 3.3 years. In 2014, CRE loans represented $1.7 billion, or 15.1%, of the loans we produced for
investment; in 2013, the comparable volume and percentage were $2.2 billion and 19.4%.
The CRE loans we produce are secured by income-producing properties such as office buildings, retail
centers, mixed-use buildings, and multi-tenanted light industrial properties. At December 31, 2014, 71.5% of our
CRE loans were secured by properties in New York City, while properties on Long Island accounted for 13.2%.
Other parts of New York State accounted for 2.7% of the properties securing our CRE credits, while all other states
accounted for 12.6%, combined.
The pricing of our CRE loans is similar to the pricing of our multi-family credits. While a small percentage of
our CRE loans feature ten-year fixed-rate terms, they primarily feature a fixed rate of interest for the first five or
seven years of the loan that is generally based on intermediate-term interest rates plus a spread. During years six
52
through ten or eight through twelve, the loan resets to an annually adjustable rate that is tied to the prime rate of
interest, plus a spread. Alternately, the borrower may opt for a fixed rate that is tied to the five-year fixed advance
rate of the FHLB-NY plus a spread. The fixed-rate option also requires the payment of an amount equal to one
percentage point of the then-outstanding loan balance. In either case, the minimum rate at repricing is equivalent to
the rate in the initial five- or seven-year term.
Prepayment penalties apply to our CRE loans, as they do our multi-family credits. Depending on the
remaining term of the loan at the time of prepayment, the penalties normally range from five percentage points to
one percentage point of the then-current loan balance. If a loan extends past the fifth or seventh year and the
borrower selects the fixed rate option, the prepayment penalties typically reset to a range of five points to one point
over years six through ten or eight through twelve. Our CRE loans tend to refinance within three to four years of
origination, as reflected in the expected weighted average life of the CRE portfolio noted above.
The repayment of loans secured by commercial real estate is often dependent on the successful operation and
management of the underlying properties. To minimize our credit risk, we originate CRE loans in adherence with
conservative underwriting standards, and require that such loans qualify on the basis of the property’s current
income stream and DSCR. The approval of a loan also depends on the borrower’s credit history, profitability, and
expertise in property management, and generally requires a minimum DSCR of 130% and a maximum LTV of 65%.
In addition, the origination of CRE loans typically requires a security interest in the fixtures, equipment, and other
personal property of the borrower and/or an assignment of the rents and/or leases.
One-to-Four Family Loans
For many years, the vast majority of our one-to-four family loans held for investment were loans we had
acquired in our merger transactions prior to 2009. However, in 2012, we began to capitalize on our proprietary
mortgage banking platform to originate hybrid adjustable-rate one-to-four family loans for our own portfolio.
While this practice continued through the first six months of 2014, we reclassified most of our one-to-four
family loans that were held for investment as loans held for sale in the second half of the year. As our assets grew
closer to $50 billion and the current SIFI threshold, we largely offset the growth of our multi-family and CRE loans,
and our specialty finance loans and leases, by reducing the balance of held-for-investment one-to-four family loans.
Accordingly, the balance of one-to-four family loans held for investment declined $421.8 million from the
year-earlier balance to $138.9 million at December 31, 2014. The latter balance represented 0.42% of total loans
held for investment, a decrease from 1.9% at the previous year-end.
Acquisition, Development, and Construction Loans
At December 31, 2014, ADC loans represented $258.1 million, or 0.78%, of total loans held for investment,
reflecting an $86.0 million decrease from the balance at the prior year-end. Reflecting our primary focus on multi-
family and CRE lending, we originated a modest $96.8 million of ADC loans over the course of the year.
At December 31, 2014, 79.4% of the loans in our ADC portfolio were for land acquisition and development;
the remaining 20.6% consisted of loans that were provided for the construction of owner-occupied homes and
commercial properties. Loan terms vary based upon the scope of the construction, and generally range from 18 to 24
months; they also feature a floating rate of interest tied to prime, with a floor. In addition, 73.8% of the loans in the
ADC portfolio were for properties in New York City, with Manhattan accounting for more than half of New York
City’s share.
Because ADC loans are generally considered to have a higher degree of credit risk, especially during a
downturn in the credit cycle, borrowers are required to provide a guarantee of repayment and completion. In the
twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we recovered losses against guarantees of $276,000, as compared to $1.4
million in the prior year. The risk of loss on an ADC loan is largely dependent upon the accuracy of the initial
appraisal of the property’s value upon completion of construction; the developer’s experience; the estimated cost of
construction, including interest; and the estimated time to complete and/or sell or lease such property.
When applicable, as a condition to closing an ADC loan, it is our practice to require that residential properties
be pre-sold and that commercial properties be pre-leased.
53
Other Loans
Other loans totaled $1.1 billion at December 31, 2014, representing 3.5% of total loans held for investment
and a $288.4 million, or 33.8%, increase from the year-earlier amount. C&I loans represented all but $31.9 million
of the current year-end total, as compared to all but $39.0 million at the prior year-end. In other words, C&I loans
accounted for $1.1 billion, or 97.2%, of other loans at the end of this December, as compared to $813.7 million, or
95.4%, at December 31, 2013.
The increase in C&I loans was primarily due to the growth in specialty finance loans and leases, a tribute to
NYCB Specialty Finance Company, LLC, which completed its first full year of operation as a subsidiary of New
York Community Bank at December 31, 2014. Located in Foxboro, Massachusetts, the subsidiary is staffed by a
group of industry veterans with expertise in originating and underwriting senior secured debt and equipment loans
and leases. The subsidiary participates in syndicated loans that are brought to us, and equipment loans and leases
that are assigned to us, by a select group of nationally recognized sources, and generally are made to large corporate
obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and
participate in stable industries nationwide.
The loans and leases we fund fall into three distinct categories (asset-based lending, dealer floor-plan lending,
and equipment loan and lease financing) and each of our credits is secured with a perfected first security interest or
outright ownership in the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease. The
pricing of our asset-based and dealer floor-plan loans are at floating rates predominately tied to LIBOR, while our
equipment financing credits are at fixed rates at a spread over treasuries.
At December 31, 2014, specialty finance loans and leases represented $632.8 million of total C&I loans,
including $208.7 million of equipment leases, and accounted for $848.5 million of the C&I loans we produced
during the year.
In contrast to the loans produced by our specialty finance subsidiary, the other C&I loans we produce are
primarily made to small and mid-size businesses in the five boroughs of New York City and on Long Island. Other
C&I loans represented $476.4 million of total C&I loans at December 31, 2014, and accounted for $530.3 million of
all the C&I loans we produced over the course of the year.
The other C&I loans we produce are tailored to meet the specific needs of our borrowers, and include term
loans, demand loans, revolving lines of credit, and, to a lesser extent, loans that are partly guaranteed by the Small
Business Administration. A broad range of other C&I loans, both collateralized and unsecured, are made available to
businesses for working capital (including inventory and accounts receivable), business expansion, the purchase of
machinery and equipment, and other general corporate needs. In determining the term and structure of other C&I
loans, several factors are considered, including the purpose, the collateral, and the anticipated sources of repayment.
Other C&I loans are typically secured by business assets and personal guarantees of the borrower, and include
financial covenants to monitor the borrower’s financial stability.
The interest rates on our other C&I loans can be fixed or floating, with floating rate loans being tied to prime
or some other market index, plus an applicable spread. Our floating rate loans may or may not feature a floor rate of
interest. The decision to require a floor on other C&I loans depends on the level of competition we face for such
loans from other institutions, the direction of market interest rates, and the profitability of our relationship with the
borrower.
An added benefit of other C&I lending is the opportunity to establish full-scale banking relationships with our
borrowers. Many of our borrowers provide us with deposits, and many take advantage of our fee-based cash
management, investment, and trade finance services.
The remainder of the “other” loan portfolio consists primarily of home equity loans and lines of credit, as well
as a variety of consumer loans, most of which were originated by our pre-2009 merger partners prior to their joining
the Company. We currently do not offer home equity loans or lines of credit.
Lending Authority
The loans we originate for investment are subject to federal and state laws and regulations, and are
underwritten in accordance with loan underwriting policies and procedures approved by the Mortgage Committee,
the Credit Committee, and the respective Boards of Directors.
54
In accordance with the Banks’ policies, all loans originated by the Banks are presented to the Mortgage
Committee or the Credit Committee, as applicable. In addition, all loans of $20.0 million or more originated by the
Community Bank, and all loans of $10.0 million or more originated by the Commercial Bank, are reported to the
applicable Board of Directors. In 2014, 225 loans of $10.0 million or more were originated by the Banks, with an
aggregate loan balance of $5.6 billion at origination. In 2013, 224 loans of $10.0 million or more were originated by
the Banks, with an aggregate loan balance at origination of $5.3 billion.
At December 31, 2014, as at the prior year-end, our largest loan was in the amount of $262.5 million; the
interest rate on the credit was 3.7% at both dates. The loan was originated by the Community Bank on June 28, 2013
to the owner of a commercial office building located in Manhattan, and, as of the date of this report, has been
current since origination.
Geographical Analysis of the Portfolio of Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment
The following table presents a geographical analysis of the multi-family and CRE loans in our held-for-
investment loan portfolio at December 31, 2014:
(dollars in thousands)
New York City:
Manhattan
Brooklyn
Bronx
Queens
Staten Island
Total New York City
Long Island
Other New York State
All other states
Total
At December 31, 2014
Multi-Family Loans
Amount
$ 8,367,265
4,126,649
2,794,688
2,526,475
70,554
$17,885,631
463,640
699,771
4,782,804
$23,831,846
Percent
of Total
35.11%
17.32
11.73
10.60
0.29
75.05%
1.94
2.94
20.07
100.00%
Commercial Real Estate Loans
Percent
of Total
Amount
$3,879,810
601,423
206,812
728,126
41,052
$5,457,223
1,007,514
205,530
964,053
$7,634,320
50.82%
7.88
2.71
9.54
0.53
71.48%
13.20
2.69
12.63
100.00 %
At December 31, 2014, the largest concentration of one-to-four family loans held for investment was in
California, with a total of $40.2 million; the largest concentration of ADC loans held for investment was in New
York City, with a total of $190.5 million at that date. The majority of our other loans held for investment were
secured by properties and/or businesses located in Metro New York.
Loan Maturity and Repricing Analysis: Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment
The following table sets forth the maturity or period to repricing of our portfolio of non-covered loans held for
investment at December 31, 2014. Loans that have adjustable rates are shown as being due in the period during
which their interest rates are next subject to change.
Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment
at December 31, 2014
Multi-
Family
Commercial
Real Estate
One-to-Four
Family
Acquisition,
Development,
and
Construction
Other
Total
Loans
$ 496,891
$ 581,431
$ 19,213
$257,391
$ 666,084 $ 2,021,010
13,691,422
9,643,533
3,661,940
3,390,949
17,319
102,383
23,334,955
7,052,889
119,702
725
--
725
340,730
134,350
17,712,136
13,271,215
475,080
30,983,351
(in thousands)
Amount due:
Within one year
After one year:
One to five years
Over five years
Total due or repricing after
one year
Total amounts due or
repricing, gross
$23,831,846
$7,634,320
$138,915
$258,116
$1,141,164 $33,004,361
55
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2014, the dollar amount of all non-covered loans held for
investment that are due after December 31, 2015, and indicates whether such loans have fixed or adjustable rates of
interest:
(in thousands)
Mortgage Loans:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Total mortgage loans
Other loans
Total loans
Non-Covered Loans Held for Sale
Due after December 31, 2015
Adjustable
Total
Fixed
$4,186,410
1,958,697
42,021
--
6,187,128
277,506
$6,464,634
$19,148,545
5,094,192
77,681
725
24,321,143
197,574
$24,518,717
$23,334,955
7,052,889
119,702
725
30,508,271
475,080
$30,983,351
Our portfolio of non-covered loans held for sale primarily consists of one-to-four family loans originated
through our mortgage banking platform. The platform is not only used by the Bank to serve our retail customers in
New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Florida, and Arizona, but also by approximately 890 clients—community banks,
credit unions, mortgage companies, and mortgage brokers—to originate full-documentation, prime credit one-to-
four family loans across the United States. While the vast majority of the one-to-four family loans held for sale we
produce are agency-conforming loans sold to GSEs, we also utilize our mortgage banking platform to originate
jumbo loans for sale to other private mortgage investors.
To a lesser extent, the portfolio of loans held for sale includes certain C&I and one-to-four family loans that
previously had been held for investment but were transferred to held for sale in the second half of 2014.
Loans held for sale totaled $379.4 million at December 31, 2014, a $72.5 million increase from the balance at
the prior year-end. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, loans held for sale represented 1.06% and 0.93% of total loans,
respectively, with the increase largely reflecting the C&I loans held for investment that were transferred to held for
sale. Specifically, one-to-four family loans represented $220.9 million, or 58.2%, of loans held for sale at the end of
this December, while C&I loans represented the remaining $158.5 million, or 41.8%.
While the production of one-to-four family loans was constrained in the first nine months of the year, as
residential mortgage interest rates trended higher, loan demand increased markedly in the last three months of the
year as such rates declined. Nonetheless, the volume of one-to-four family loans produced for sale in 2014 fell to
$3.1 billion from $6.2 billion in the prior year. Of the one-to-four family loans we produced in 2014, $2.9 billion, or
92.8%, were agency-conforming loans and $220.7 million, or 7.2%, were non-conforming (i.e., jumbo) loans.
To mitigate the risks inherent in originating and reselling residential mortgage loans, we utilize processes,
proprietary technologies, and third-party software application tools that seek to ensure that the loans meet investors’
program eligibility, underwriting, and collateral requirements. In addition, compliance verification and fraud
detection tools are utilized throughout the processing, underwriting, and loan closing stages to assist in the
determination that the loans we originate and acquire are in compliance with applicable local, state, and federal laws
and regulations. Controlling, auditing, and validating the data upon which the credit decision is made (and the loan
documents created) substantially mitigates the risk of our originating or acquiring a loan that subsequently is
deemed to be in breach of loan sale representations and warranties made by us to loan investors.
We require the use of our proprietary processes, origination systems, and technologies for all loans we close.
Collectively, these tools and processes are known internally as our proprietary “Gemstone” system. By mandating
usage of Gemstone for all table-funded loan originations, we are able to tightly control key risk aspects across the
spectrum of loan origination activities. Our clients access Gemstone via secure Internet protocols, and initiate the
process by submitting required loan application data and other required income, asset, debt, and credit documents to
us electronically. Key data is then verified by a combination of trusted third-party validations and internal reviews
conducted by our loan underwriters and quality control specialists. Once key data is independently verified, it is
“locked down” within the Gemstone system to further ensure the integrity of the transaction.
In addition, all “trusted source” third-party vendors are directly connected to the Gemstone system via secure
electronic data interfaces. Within the Gemstone system, these trusted sources provide key risk and control services
56
throughout the origination process, including ordering and receipt of credit report information, tax returns,
independent collateral appraisals, private mortgage insurance certificates, automated underwriting and program
eligibility determinations, flood insurance determination, fraud detection applications, local/state/federal regulatory
compliance reviews, predatory or “high cost” loan reviews, and legal document preparation services. Our employees
augment the automated system controls by performing audits during the process, which include the final
underwriting of the loan file (the credit decision), and various other pre-funding and post-funding quality control
reviews.
Both the agency-conforming and non-conforming (i.e., jumbo) one-to-four family loans we originate for sale
require that we make certain representations and warranties with regard to the underwriting, documentation, and
legal/regulatory compliance, and we may be required to repurchase a loan or loans if it is found that a breach of the
representations and warranties has occurred. In such case, we would be exposed to any subsequent credit loss on the
mortgage loans that might or might not be realized in the future.
As governed by our agreements with the GSEs and other third parties to whom we sell loans, the
representations and warranties we make relate to several factors, including, but not limited to, the ownership of the
loan; the validity of the lien securing the loan; the absence of delinquent taxes or liens against the property securing
the loan as of its closing date; the process used to select the loan for inclusion in a transaction; and the loan’s
compliance with any applicable criteria, including underwriting standards, loan program guidelines, and compliance
with applicable federal, state, and local laws.
We record a liability for estimated losses relating to these representations and warranties, which is included in
“Other liabilities” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Condition. The related expense is recorded in
“Mortgage banking income” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive
Income. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the respective liabilities for estimated possible future losses relating to
these representations and warranties were $8.2 million and $8.5 million. The methodology used to estimate the
liability for representations and warranties is a function of the representations and warranties given and considers a
variety of factors, including, but not limited to, actual default experience, estimated future defaults, historical loan
repurchase rates, the frequency and potential severity of defaults, the probability that a repurchase request will be
received, and the probability that a loan will be required to be repurchased.
Representation and Warranty Reserve
The following table sets forth the activity in our representation and warranty reserve during the periods
indicated:
(in thousands)(cid:3)
Balance, beginning of period
Repurchase losses
Provision for repurchase losses:
Loan sales
Change in estimates
Balance, end of period
For the Years Ended
December 31,
2014
$8,460
(300)
--
--
$8,160
2013
$8,272
(402)
590
--
$8,460
57
Indemnified and Repurchased Loans
The following table sets forth our activity with regard to repurchased loans and the loans we indemnified for
GSEs during the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period
New indemnifications
New repurchases
Transfers to REO
Principal payoffs
Principal payments
Modifications/other
Balance, end of period (1)
For the Years Ended December 31,
2014
Number of Loans
29
--
12
(3)
(7)
--
--
31
Amount
$ 7,143
--
3,693
(545)
(2,097)
(278)
--
$ 7,916
2013
Number of Loans
12
12
8
--
(3)
--
--
29
Amount
$2,286
3,611
1,706
--
(286)
(253)
79
$7,143
(1) Of the thirty-one period-end loans, eighteen loans with an aggregate principal balance of $4.4 million were repurchased,
and are now held for investment. The other thirteen loans, with an aggregate principal balance of $3.5 million, were
indemnified and are all performing as of the date of this report.
Because the level of mortgage loan repurchase losses is dependent on economic factors, investor demand
strategies, and other external conditions that may change over the lives of the underlying loans, the level of the
liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses is difficult to estimate and requires considerable management
judgment. However, we believe the amount and range of reasonably possible losses in excess of our reserve would
not be material to our operations or to our financial condition or results of operations.
Repurchase and Indemnification Requests
The following table sets forth our repurchase and indemnification requests during the periods indicated:
For the Years Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period
New repurchase requests (2)
Successful rebuttal/rescission
New indemnifications (3)
Loan repurchases (4)
Balance, end of period (5)
2014
Number of Loans Amount (1)
$ 4,057
19,548
(13,722)
--
(3,693)
$ 6,190
18
81
(63)
--
(12)
24
2013
Number of Loans Amount (1)
$ 5,073
16,785
(12,484)
(3,611)
(1,706)
$ 4,057
20
71
(53)
(12)
(8)
18
(1) Represents the loan balance as of the repurchase request date.
(2) All requests relate to one-to-four family loans originated for sale.
(3) An indemnification agreement is an arrangement whereby the Company protects the GSEs against future losses.
(4) Of the twelve loans repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2014, seven were originated through our mortgage
banking operations and five were originated by a bank we acquired in 2007. Of the eight loans repurchased during the year
ended December 31, 2013, six were originated through our mortgage banking operations and two were originated by a
bank we acquired in 2007.
(5) Of the twenty-four requests as of December 31, 2014, twenty were from Fannie Mae and four were from Freddie Mac. Both
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac allow 60 days to respond to a repurchase request. Failure to respond in a timely manner
could result in our having an obligation to repurchase the loan.
Please see Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” for a discussion of the
strategies we employ to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with our production of one-to-four family loans for
sale.
58
Loan Origination Analysis
The following table summarizes our production of loans held for investment and loans held for sale in the
years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage Loan Originations for Investment:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Total mortgage loan originations for investment
Other Loan Originations for Investment:
Specialty finance
Other commercial and industrial
Other
Total other loan originations for investment
Total loan originations for investment
Loan originations for sale
Total loan originations
For the Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
Amount
Percent
of Total
Amount
Percent
of Total
$ 7,584,154
1,661,066
287,577
96,762
9,629,559
848,482
530,330
6,253
1,385,065
$11,014,624
3,189,694
53.39%
11.69
2.03
0.68
67.79
5.97
3.74
0.04
9.75
77.54%
22.46
$ 7,416,786
2,168,072
418,815
149,866
10,153,539
257,526
736,221
7,579
1,001,326
$11,154,865
6,247,936
42.62%
12.46
2.41
0.86
58.35
1.48
4.23
0.04
5.75
64.10%
35.90
$14,204,318 100.00%
$17,402,801 100.00%
59
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6
Outstanding Loan Commitments
At December 31, 2014, we had outstanding loan commitments of $2.6 billion, an increase from $2.1 billion at
the prior year-end. Loans held for investment represented $2.1 billion of the year-end 2014 total and $1.9 billion of
the year-end 2013 amount. In contrast, loans held for sale represented $494.6 million of outstanding loan
commitments at the end of this December, as compared to $231.5 million at December 31, 2013. At December 31,
2014, multi-family and CRE loans together represented $1.0 billion of our outstanding held-for-investment loan
commitments; one-to-four family loans, ADC loans, and other loans held for investment represented $1.3 million,
$301.8 million, and $734.3 million, respectively, of the total at that date.
In addition to loan commitments, we had commitments to issue financial stand-by, performance stand-by, and
commercial letters of credit totaling $201.0 million at December 31, 2014, as compared to $213.7 million at the
prior year-end.
Financial stand-by letters of credit primarily are issued for the benefit of other financial institutions or
municipalities, on behalf of certain of our current borrowers, and obligate us to guarantee payment of a specified
financial obligation.
Performance stand-by letters of credit are primarily issued for the benefit of local municipalities on behalf of
certain of our borrowers. These borrowers are mainly developers of residential subdivisions with whom we currently
have a lending relationship. Performance letters of credit obligate us to make payments in the event that a specified
third party fails to perform under non-financial contractual obligations.
Commercial letters of credit act as a means of ensuring payment to a seller upon shipment of goods to a buyer.
Although commercial letters of credit are used to effect payment for domestic transactions, the majority are used to
settle payments in international trade. Typically, such letters of credit require the presentation of documents that
describe the commercial transaction, and provide evidence of shipment and the transfer of title.
The fees we collect in connection with the issuance of letters of credit are included in “Fee income” in the
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.
Asset Quality
Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment and Non-Covered Other Real Estate Owned
With the ability of borrowers to repay their loans improving with the economy and local real estate values, the
balance of non-performing non-covered assets declined at the end of this December to its lowest level since
December 31, 2008. Specifically, non-performing non-covered assets represented $138.9 million, or 0.30%, of total
non-covered assets at December 31, 2014, as compared to $174.9 million, or 0.40%, at December 31, 2013.
The 20.6% decline in non-performing assets was the result of a $26.6 million decrease in non-performing
loans to $77.0 million and a $9.4 million decline in non-covered OREO to $62.0 million. The improvement in the
balance of non-performing non-covered loans was primarily due to a group of non-performing multi-family loans to
a single borrower, in the amount of $32.2 million, that transitioned to OREO and was subsequently sold at a gain of
$6.0 million during 2014.
61
The following table presents our non-performing loans by loan type and the changes in the respective balances
from December 31, 2013 to December 31, 2014:
(dollars in thousands)
Non-Performing Non-Covered Loans:
Non-accrual non-covered mortgage loans:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Total non-accrual non-covered mortgage loans
Non-accrual non-covered other loans
Total non-performing non-covered loans
December 31,
2014
2013
Change from
December 31, 2013
to
December 31, 2014
Amount
Percent
$31,089
24,824
11,032
654
67,599
9,351
$76,950
$ 58,395
24,550
10,937
2,571
96,453
7,084
$103,537
$(27,306)
274
95
(1,917)
(28,854)
2,267
$(26,587)
(46.76)%
1.12
0.87
(74.56)
(29.92)
32.00
(25.68)%
Reflecting the reduction in the year-end balance, non-performing non-covered loans represented 0.23% of
non-performing covered loans at the end of December, as compared to 0.35% at December 31, 2013.
The following table sets forth the changes in non-performing non-covered loans over the twelve months ended
December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2013
New non-accrual
Charge-offs
Transferred to other real estate owned
Loan payoffs, including dispositions and principal pay-downs
Restored to performing status
Balance at December 31, 2014
$103,537
65,263
(2,604)
(38,831)
(38,582)
(11,833)
$ 76,950
A loan generally is classified as a “non-accrual” loan when it is 90 days or more past due or when we no
longer expect to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When a loan is
placed on non-accrual status, we cease the accrual of interest owed, and previously accrued interest is reversed and
charged against interest income. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, all of our non-performing loans were non-accrual
loans. A loan is generally returned to accrual status when the loan is current and we have reasonable assurance that
the loan will be fully collectible.
We monitor non-accrual loans both within and beyond our primary lending area in the same manner.
Monitoring loans generally involves inspecting and re-appraising the collateral properties; holding discussions with
the principals and managing agents of the borrowing entities and/or retained legal counsel, as applicable; requesting
financial, operating, and rent roll information; confirming that hazard insurance is in place or force-placing such
insurance; monitoring tax payment status and advancing funds as needed; and appointing a receiver, whenever
possible, to collect rents, manage the operations, provide information, and maintain the collateral properties.
It is our policy to order updated appraisals for all non-performing loans, irrespective of loan type, that are
collateralized by multi-family buildings, CRE properties, or land, in the event that such a loan is 90 days or more
past due, and if the most recent appraisal on file for the property is more than one year old. Appraisals are ordered
annually until such time as the loan becomes performing and is returned to accrual status. It is not our policy to
obtain updated appraisals for performing loans. However, appraisals may be ordered for performing loans when a
borrower requests an increase in the loan amount, a modification in loan terms, or an extension of a maturing loan.
We do not analyze current LTVs on a portfolio-wide basis.
Non-performing loans are reviewed regularly by management and reported on a monthly basis to the
Mortgage Committee of the Community Bank, the Credit Committee of the Commercial Bank, and the Boards of
Directors of the respective Banks. In accordance with our charge-off policy, collateral-dependent non-performing
loans are written down to their current appraised values, less certain transaction costs. Workout specialists from our
Loan Workout Unit actively pursue borrowers who are delinquent in repaying their loans in an effort to collect
62
payment. In addition, outside counsel with experience in foreclosure proceedings are retained to institute such action
with regard to such borrowers.
Properties that are acquired through foreclosure are classified as OREO, and are recorded at the lower of the
unpaid principal balance or fair value at the date of acquisition, less the estimated cost of selling the property. It is
our policy to require an appraisal and environmental assessment of properties classified as OREO before
foreclosure, and to re-appraise the properties on an as-needed basis, and not less than annually, until they are sold.
We dispose of such properties as quickly and prudently as possible, given current market conditions and the
property’s condition.
The improvement in asset quality was further reflected in the balance of non-covered loans 30 to 89 days past
due at the end of this December as compared to the balance at December 31, 2013. The following table presents our
loans 30 to 89 days past due by loan type and the changes in the respective balances from December 31, 2013 to
December 31, 2014:
(dollars in thousands)
Non-Covered Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Other loans
Total non-covered loans 30-89 days past due
Change from
December 31, 2013
to
December 31, 2014
December 31,
2014
2013
Amount
Percent
$ 464
1,464
3,086
1,178
$6,192
$33,678
1,854
1,076
481
$37,089
$(33,214)
(390)
2,010
697
$(30,897)
(98.62)%
(21.04)
186.80
144.91
(83.31)%
To mitigate the potential for credit losses, we underwrite our loans in accordance with credit standards that we
consider to be prudent. In the case of multi-family and CRE loans, we look first at the consistency of the cash flows
being generated by the property to determine its economic value using the “income approach,” and then at the
market value of the property that collateralizes the loan. The amount of the loan is then based on the lower of the
two values, with the economic value more typically used.
The condition of the collateral property is another critical factor. Multi-family buildings and CRE properties
are inspected from rooftop to basement as a prerequisite to approval, with a member of the Mortgage or Credit
Committee participating in inspections on multi-family loans to be originated in excess of $7.5 million, and a
member of the Mortgage or Credit Committee participating in inspections on CRE loans to be originated in excess
of $4.0 million. Furthermore, independent appraisers, whose appraisals are carefully reviewed by our experienced
in-house appraisal officers and staff, perform appraisals on collateral properties. In many cases, a second
independent appraisal review is performed.
In addition, we work with a select group of mortgage brokers who are familiar with our credit standards and
whose track record with our lending officers is typically greater than ten years. Furthermore, in New York City,
where the majority of the buildings securing our multi-family loans are located, the rents that tenants may be
charged on certain apartments are typically restricted under certain rent-control or rent-stabilization laws. As a
result, the rents that tenants pay for such apartments are generally lower than current market rents. Buildings with a
preponderance of such rent-regulated apartments are less likely to experience vacancies in times of economic
adversity.
To further manage our credit risk, our lending policies limit the amount of credit granted to any one borrower,
and typically require minimum DSCRs of 120% for multi-family loans and 130% for CRE loans. Although we
typically will lend up to 75% of the appraised value on multi-family buildings and up to 65% on commercial
properties, the average LTVs of such credits at origination were below those amounts at December 31, 2014.
Exceptions to these LTV limitations are reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
The repayment of loans secured by commercial real estate is often dependent on the successful operation and
management of the underlying properties. To minimize our credit risk, we originate CRE loans in adherence with
conservative underwriting standards, and require that such loans qualify on the basis of the property’s current
income stream and DSCR. The approval of a CRE loan also depends on the borrower’s credit history, profitability,
and expertise in property management.
63
Although the reasons for a loan to default will vary from credit to credit, our multi-family and CRE loans, in
particular, typically have not resulted in significant losses. Such loans are generally originated at conservative LTVs
and DSCRs, as previously stated. Furthermore, in the case of multi-family loans, the cash flows generated by the
properties are generally below-market and have significant value.
With regard to ADC loans, we typically lend up to 75% of the estimated as-completed market value of multi-
family and residential tract projects; however, in the case of home construction loans to individuals, the limit is 80%.
With respect to commercial construction loans, we typically lend up to 65% of the estimated as-completed market
value of the property. Credit risk is also managed through the loan disbursement process. Loan proceeds are
disbursed periodically in increments as construction progresses, and as warranted by inspection reports provided to
us by our own lending officers and/or consulting engineers.
Furthermore, our loan portfolio has been structured to manage our exposure to both credit and interest rate
risk. The vast majority of the loans in our portfolio are intermediate-term credits, with multi-family and CRE loans
typically repaying or refinancing within three to four years of origination. In addition, our multi-family loans are
largely secured by buildings with rent-regulated apartments that tend to maintain a high level of occupancy,
regardless of economic conditions in our marketplace.
To minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, we participate in syndicated loans that
are brought to us, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to us, by a select group of nationally recognized
sources who have had long-term relationships with our experienced lending officers. Our specialty finance loans and
leases generally are made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or
near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide.
In a credit downturn, the ability of these borrowers to generate cash flows may be diminished, and their ability
to repay their obligations may deteriorate. Accordingly, each of our credits is secured with a perfected first security
interest or outright ownership in the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease.
To further minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, we re-underwrite each transaction. In
addition, we retain outside counsel to conduct a further review of the underlying documentation.
Other C&I loans are typically underwritten on the basis of the cash flows produced by the borrower’s
business, and are generally collateralized by various business assets, including, but not limited to, inventory,
equipment, and accounts receivable. As a result, the capacity of the borrower to repay is substantially dependent on
the degree to which the business is successful. Furthermore, the collateral underlying the loan may depreciate over
time, may not be conducive to appraisal, and may fluctuate in value, based upon the operating results of the
business. Accordingly, personal guarantees are also a normal requirement for other C&I loans.
The procedures we follow with respect to delinquent loans are generally consistent across all categories, with
late charges assessed, and notices mailed to the borrower, at specified dates. We attempt to reach the borrower by
telephone to ascertain the reasons for delinquency and the prospects for repayment. When contact is made with a
borrower at any time prior to foreclosure or recovery against collateral property, we attempt to obtain full payment,
and will consider a repayment schedule to avoid taking such action. Delinquencies are addressed by our Loan
Workout Unit and every effort is made to collect rather than initiate foreclosure proceedings.
Fair values for all multi-family buildings, CRE properties, and land are determined based on the appraised
value. If an appraisal is more than one year old and the loan is classified as either non-performing or as an accruing
troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), then an updated appraisal is required to determine fair value. Estimated
disposition costs are deducted from the fair value of the property to determine estimated net realizable value. In the
instance of an outdated appraisal on an impaired loan, we adjust the original appraisal by using a third-party index
value to determine the extent of impairment until an updated appraisal is received.
While we strive to originate loans that will perform fully, adverse economic and market conditions, among
other factors, can adversely impact a borrower’s ability to repay. In 2014, net charge-offs fell $14.9 million year-
over-year to $2.1 million, as charge-offs of $8.1 million were largely offset by recoveries of $6.0 million. As a
result, the ratio of net charge-offs to average loans improved to 0.01% in 2014 from 0.05% in the prior year. Of the
loans charged off in 2014, $755,000 and $1.6 million, respectively, were multi-family and CRE credits, while one-
to-four family and other loans accounted for $410,000 and $5.3 million, respectively.
Reflecting the net charge-offs mentioned above, and the absence of any provision, the allowance for losses on
non-covered loans was $139.9 million at December 31, 2014, as compared to $141.9 million at the prior year-end.
64
Partly reflecting the decrease in non-performing non-covered loans mentioned earlier in this discussion, the
allowance for losses on non-covered loans represented 181.75% of non-performing non-covered loans at the end of
this December, as compared to 137.10% at December 31, 2013. In addition, the allowance for losses on non-covered
loans represented 0.42% and 0.48% of total non-covered loans at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Based upon all relevant and available information at the end of this December, management believes that the
allowance for losses on non-covered loans was appropriate at that date.
Historically, our level of charge-offs has been relatively low in adverse credit cycles, even when the volume of
non-performing loans has increased. This distinction has been largely due to the nature of our primary lending niche
(multi-family loans collateralized by non-luxury apartment buildings in New York City that are rent-regulated and
feature below-market rents), and to our conservative underwriting practices that require, among other things, low
LTVs.
Reflecting the strength of the underlying collateral for these loans and the collateral structure, a relatively
small percentage of our non-performing multi-family loans have resulted in losses over time. Low LTVs provide a
greater likelihood of full recovery and reduce the possibility of incurring a severe loss on a credit. Furthermore, in
many cases, low LTVs result in our having fewer loans with a potential for the borrower to “walk away” from the
property. Although borrowers may default on loan payments, they have a greater incentive to protect their equity in
the collateral property and to return their loans to performing status.
Given that our CRE loans are underwritten in accordance with underwriting standards that are similar to those
that apply to our multi-family credits, an increase in non-performing CRE loans historically has not resulted in a
corresponding increase in losses on such loans.
In addition, at December 31, 2014, one-to-four family loans, ADC loans, and other loans represented 0.42%,
0.78%, and 3.5%, respectively, of total non-covered loans held for investment, as compared to 1.9%, 1.2%, and
2.9%, respectively, at December 31, 2013. Furthermore, 0.25% of our ADC loans were non-performing at the end of
this December, while 7.9% and 0.82% of one-to-four family loans and other loans, respectively, were non-
performing at that date.
In view of these factors, we do not believe that our level of non-performing non-covered loans will result in a
comparable level of loan losses, and will not necessarily require an increase in our loan loss provision or allowance
for non-covered loans in any given period. As indicated, non-performing non-covered loans represented 0.23% of
total non-covered loans at December 31, 2014; the ratio of net charge-offs to average loans for the twelve months
ended at that date was 0.01%.
The following tables present the number and amount of non-performing multi-family and CRE loans by
originating bank at December 31, 2014 and 2013:
As of December 31, 2014
(dollars in thousands)
New York Community Bank
New York Commercial Bank
Total for New York Community Bancorp
Non-Performing
Multi-Family
Loans
Number
13
2
15
Amount
$30,547
542
$31,089
Non-Performing
Multi-Family
Loans
As of December 31, 2013
(dollars in thousands)
New York Community Bank
New York Commercial Bank
Total for New York Community Bancorp
Number Amount
$58,093
302
$58,395
21
1
22
65
Non-Performing
Commercial
Real Estate Loans
Number Amount
$18,962
5,862
$24,824
22
4
26
Non-Performing
Commercial
Real Estate Loans
Number Amount
$15,898
8,652
$24,550
23
5
28
The following table presents information about our five largest non-performing loans at December 31, 2014,
all of which are non-covered held-for-investment loans:
Loan No. 1
Loan No. 2
Loan No. 3
Loan No. 4
Loan No. 5
Type of Loan
Origination Date
Origination Balance
Full Commitment Balance (3)
Balance at December 31, 2014
Multi-Family
1/05/06
$12,640,000
Multi-Family
5/23/11(1)
$50,708,107
$12,640,000
$50,708,107
$10,217,022
$9,108,193
Associated Allowance
None
None
CRE
Various (2)
$4,999,999
$4,999,999
$4,999,999
None
Multi-Family
6/10/10
$3,600,000
$3,600,000
$3,138,781
$25,908
CRE
9/12/05
$4,300,000
$4,300,000
$2,840,977
None
Non-Accrual Date
Origination LTV Ratio
Current LTV Ratio
Last Appraisal
March 2014
May 2013
December 2014 September 2014 September 2013
79%
90%
85%
64%
36%
36%
67%
58%
73%
54%
March 2014
January 2014
June 2010
September 2014 September 2014
(1) Loan No. 2 consists of various loans with origination dates extending as far back as 2006 that were restructured into a TDR
on May 23, 2011. The Company completed foreclosures on 30 of the 32 collateral properties in 2014, thereby reducing the
balance to the level reflected in the table at December 31, 2014.
(2) Loan No. 3 consists of two loans with origination dates of July 13, 2010 and September 8, 2011.
(3) The full commitment balance represents the original amount committed to the borrower; however, due to the delinquency
status of these loans, no additional funds can be advanced.
The following is a description of the five loans identified in the preceding table:
No. 1 - The borrower is an owner of real estate and is based in New Jersey. The loan is collateralized by a multi-
family complex with 314 residential units and four retail stores in Atlantic City, New Jersey. No allocation
for the non-covered loan loss allowance was necessary for this loan as determined by using the fair value of
collateral method defined in ASC 301-10 and -35.
No. 2 - The borrower is an owner of real estate and is based in Connecticut. The loan is collateralized by two multi-
family complexes with 217 residential units in Hartford, Connecticut. No allocation for the non-covered
loan loss allowance was necessary for this loan as determined by using the fair value of collateral method
defined in ASC 301-10 and -35.
No. 3 - The borrower is an owner of real estate and is based in New York. The loan is collateralized by an
87,500- square foot commercial building in Bethpage, New York. No allocation for the allowance for loan
losses was necessary as determined by an internal value calculation using the fair value of collateral method
defined in ASC 301-10 and -35. An updated appraisal has been ordered and we expect to receive it by
March 31, 2015.
No. 4 - The borrower is an owner of real estate and is based in New York. The loan is collateralized by a multi-
family building with 40 residential units in Hempstead, New York. An allocation of $25,908 to the
allowance for losses on non-covered loans was determined to be necessary, based on the total loan
exposure, which includes negative escrow.
No. 5 - The borrower is an owner of real estate and is based in New Jersey. The loan is collateralized by a
33,040-square foot medical/professional office building in Raritan, New Jersey. No allocation for the non-
covered loan loss allowance was necessary for this loan as determined by using the fair value of collateral
method defined in ASC 301-10 and -35.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
In an effort to proactively manage delinquent loans, we have selectively extended such concessions as rate
reductions and extensions of maturity dates, as well as forbearance agreements, to certain borrowers who have
experienced financial difficulty. In accordance with GAAP, we are required to account for such loan modifications
or restructurings as TDRs.
The eligibility of a borrower for work-out concessions of any nature depends upon the facts and circumstances
of each transaction, which may change from period to period, and involve management’s judgment regarding the
likelihood that the concession will result in the maximum recovery for the Company.
66
Loans modified as TDRs are placed on non-accrual status until we determine that future collection of principal
and interest is reasonably assured. This generally requires that the borrower demonstrate performance according to
the restructured terms for at least six consecutive months.
At December 31, 2014, loans modified as TDRs totaled $45.8 million, including accruing loans of $15.8
million and non-accrual loans of $29.9 million. Loans on which concessions were made with respect to rate
reductions and/or extension of maturity dates totaled $39.4 million; loans in connection with which forbearance
agreements were reached amounted to $6.4 million. At December 31, 2013, loans modified as TDRs totaled $80.3
million, including accruing loans and non-accrual loans of $13.4 million and $66.9 million, respectively. The
significant reduction in TDRs was primarily due to a group of non-performing multi-family loans in the amount of
$32.2 million that were transferred to OREO in 2014.
Based on the number of loans performing in accordance with their revised terms, our success rate for
restructured multi-family and CRE loans was 91.0% at the end of December. In addition, our success rate was 100%
for all other loan types at the end of the year.
Analysis of Troubled Debt Restructurings
The following table presents information regarding our TDRs as of December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total
Accruing
$ 7,697
8,139
--
--
--
$15,836
Non-Accrual
$17,879
9,939
260
654
1,195
$29,927
Total
$25,576
18,078
260
654
1,195
$45,763
The following table presents information regarding our TDRs as of December 31, 2013:
(in thousands)
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total
Accruing Non-Accrual
$10,083
2,198
--
--
1,129
$13,410
$50,548
15,626
--
--
758
$66,932
Total
$60,631
17,824
--
--
1,887
$80,342
The following table sets forth the changes in TDRs over the twelve months ended December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2013
New TDRs
Charge-offs
Transferred from accruing to non-accrual
Transferred to other real estate owned
Transferred to accruing from non-accrual
Loan payoffs, including dispositions and
Accruing Non-Accrual
$ 66,932
11,085
(334)
2,231
(33,485)
(6,023)
$13,410
--
--
(2,231)
--
6,023
Total
$ 80,342
11,085
(334)
--
(33,485)
--
principal pay-downs
Balance at December 31, 2014
(1,366)
$15,836
(10,479)
$ 29,927
(11,845)
$ 45,763
67
On a limited basis, we may provide additional credit to a borrower after the loan has been placed on non-
accrual status or modified as a TDR if, in management’s judgment, the value of the property after the additional loan
funding is greater than the initial value of the property plus the additional loan funding amount. In 2014, no such
additional credit was provided. Furthermore, the terms of our restructured loans typically would not restrict us from
cancelling outstanding commitments for other credit facilities to a borrower in the event of non-payment of a
restructured loan.
Except for the non-accrual loans and TDRs disclosed in this filing, we did not have any potential problem
loans at December 31, 2014 that would have caused management to have serious doubts as to the ability of a
borrower to comply with present loan repayment terms and that would have resulted in such disclosure if that were
the case.
68
Asset Quality Analysis (Excluding Covered Loans, Covered OREO, and Non-Covered Loans Held for Sale)
The following table presents information regarding our consolidated allowance for losses on non-covered
loans, our non-performing non-covered assets, and our non-covered loans 30 to 89 days past due at each year-end in
the five years ended December 31, 2014. Covered loans are considered to be performing due to the application of
the yield accretion method, as discussed elsewhere in this report. Therefore, covered loans are not reflected in the
amounts or ratios provided in this table.
(dollars in thousands)
Allowance for Losses on Non-Covered Loans:
Balance at beginning of year
Provision for losses on non-covered loans
Charge-offs:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Other loans
Total charge-offs
Recoveries
Net charge-offs
Balance at end of year
Non-Performing Non-Covered Assets:
Non-accrual non-covered mortgage loans:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Total non-accrual non-covered mortgage loans
Other non-accrual non-covered loans
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing
interest
Total non-performing non-covered loans (1)
Non-covered other real estate owned (2)
Total non-performing non-covered assets
Asset Quality Measures:
Non-performing non-covered loans to total
non-covered loans
Non-performing non-covered assets to total
non-covered assets
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans to
non-performing non-covered loans
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans to
2014
2013
At December 31,
2012
2011
2010
$141,946
--
$140,948
18,000
$137,290
45,000
$ 158,942
79,000
$127,491
91,000
(755)
(1,615)
(410)
--
(5,296)
(8,076)
5,987
(2,089)
(12,922)
(3,489)
(351)
(1,503)
(7,092)
(25,357)
8,355
(17,002)
(27,939)
(5,046)
(574)
(5,974)
(6,685)
(46,218)
4,876
(41,342)
(71,187)
(11,900)
(1,208)
(9,153)
(12,462)
(105,910)
5,258
(100,652)
(27,042)
(3,359)
(931)
(9,884)
(19,569)
(60,785)
1,236
(59,549)
$158,942
$139,857
$141,946
$140,948
$ 137,290
$ 31,089
24,824
11,032
654
67,599
9,351
--
$ 76,950
61,956
$138,906
$ 58,395
24,550
10,937
2,571
96,453
7,084
$163,460
56,863
10,945
12,091
243,359
17,971
$ 205,064
68,032
11,907
29,886
314,889
10,926
$327,892
162,400
17,813
91,850
599,955
24,476
--
$103,537
71,392
$174,929
--
$261,330
29,300
$290,630
--
$ 325,815
84,567
$ 410,382
--
$624,431
28,066
$652,497
0.23%
0.35%
0.96%
1.28%
2.63%
0.30
0.40
0.71
1.07
1.77
181.75
137.10
53.93
42.14
25.45
total non-covered loans
0.42
Net charge-offs during the period to average
loans outstanding during the period (3)
Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Other loans
Total loans 30-89 days past due (4)
0.01
$ 464
1,464
3,086
--
1,178
$6,192
0.48
0.05
$33,678
1,854
1,076
--
481
$37,089
0.52
0.13
0.54
0.35
0.67
0.21
$19,945
1,679
2,645
1,178
2,138
$27,585
$ 46,702
53,798
2,712
6,520
1,925
$111,657
$121,188
8,207
5,723
5,194
10,728
$151,040
(1) The December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, and 2010 amounts exclude loans 90 days or more past due of $157.9 million,
$211.5 million, $312.6 million, $347.4 million, and $360.8 million, respectively, that are covered by FDIC loss sharing
agreements.
(2) The December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, and 2010 amounts exclude OREO of $32.0 million, $37.5 million, $45.1 million,
$71.4 million, and $62.4 million, respectively, that is covered by FDIC loss sharing agreements.
(3) Average loans include covered loans.
(4) The December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, and 2010 amounts exclude loans 30 to 89 days past due of $41.7 million, $57.9
million, $81.2 million, $112.0 million, and $130.5 million, respectively, that are covered by FDIC loss sharing agreements.
69
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7
Covered Loans and Covered Other Real Estate Owned
The credit risk associated with the assets acquired in our AmTrust and Desert Hills transactions has been
substantially mitigated by our loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. Under the terms of the loss sharing
agreements, the FDIC agreed to reimburse us for 80% of losses (and share in 80% of any recoveries) up to a
specified threshold with respect to the loans and OREO acquired in the transactions, and to reimburse us for 95% of
any losses (and share in 95% of any recoveries) with respect to the acquired assets beyond that threshold. The loss
sharing (and reimbursement) agreements applicable to one-to-four family mortgage loans and HELOCs are effective
for a ten-year period from the date of acquisition. Under the loss sharing agreements applicable to all other covered
loans and the OREO acquired in the Desert Hills transaction, the FDIC will reimburse us for losses for a five-year
period from the date of acquisition; the period for sharing in recoveries on all other covered loans and the Desert
Hills OREO extends for a period of eight years from the acquisition date.
We consider our covered loans to be performing due to the application of the yield accretion method under
ASC 310-30, which allows us to aggregate credit-impaired loans acquired in the same fiscal quarter into one or more
pools, provided that the loans have common risk characteristics. A pool is then accounted for as a single asset with a
single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows. Accordingly, loans that may have been
classified as non-performing loans by AmTrust or Desert Hills were no longer classified as non-performing at the
respective dates of acquisition because we believed at that time that we would fully collect the new carrying value of
those loans. The new carrying value represents the contractual balance, reduced by the portion expected to be
uncollectible (referred to as the “non-accretable difference”) and by an accretable yield (discount) that is recognized
as interest income. It is important to note that management’s judgment is required in reclassifying loans subject to
ASC 310-30 as performing loans, and is dependent on having a reasonable expectation about the timing and amount
of the cash flows to be collected, even if a loan is contractually past due.
In connection with the AmTrust and Desert Hills loss sharing agreements, we established FDIC loss share
receivables of $740.0 million and $69.6 million, which were the acquisition date fair values of the respective loss
sharing agreements (i.e., the expected reimbursements from the FDIC over the terms of the agreements). The loss
share receivables may increase if the losses increase, and may decrease if the losses fall short of the expected
amounts. Increases in estimated reimbursements will be recognized in income in the same period that they are
identified and that the allowance for losses on the related covered loans is recognized.
In 2014, we recorded FDIC indemnification expense of $14.9 million in “Non-interest income” in connection
with the recovery of $18.6 million from the allowance for losses on covered loans. The recovery was recorded to
reflect our expectation that the cash flows generated by certain pools of covered loans would increase due to an
improvement in credit quality. Conversely, in the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, we recorded FDIC
indemnification income of $10.2 million in “Non-interest income” in connection with a $12.8 million provision for
losses on covered loans. The provision was recorded to reflect our expectation that the cash flows generated by
certain pools of covered loans would decline due to a decrease in credit quality.
Decreases in estimated reimbursements from the FDIC, if any, will be recognized in income prospectively
over the life of the related covered loans (or, if shorter, over the remaining term of the loss sharing agreement).
Related additions to the accretable yield on the covered loans will be recognized in income prospectively over the
lives of the loans. Gains and recoveries on covered assets will offset losses, or be paid to the FDIC at the applicable
loss share percentage at the time of recovery.
The loss share receivables may also increase due to accretion, or decrease due to amortization. In 2014 and
2013, we recorded net amortization of $42.2 million and $19.8 million, respectively. Accretion of the FDIC loss
share receivable relates to the difference between the discounted, versus the undiscounted, expected cash flows of
covered loans subject to the FDIC loss sharing agreements. Amortization occurs when the expected cash flows from
the covered loan portfolio improve, thus reducing the amounts receivable from the FDIC. These cash flows are
discounted to reflect the uncertainty of the timing and receipt of the FDIC loss sharing reimbursements. In the
twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we received FDIC reimbursements of $37.8 million, as compared to
$64.2 million in the prior year.
71
Asset Quality Analysis (Including Covered Loans and Covered OREO)
The following table presents information regarding our non-performing assets and loans past due at
December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, including covered loans and covered OREO (collectively, “covered
assets”):
At or For the Years Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
Covered Loans 90 Days or More Past Due:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Other
Total covered loans 90 days or more past due
Covered other real estate owned
Total covered non-performing assets
Total Non-Performing Assets (including covered assets):
Non-performing loans:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Other non-performing loans
Total non-performing loans
Other real estate owned
Total non-performing assets (including covered assets)
Asset Quality Ratios (including covered loans and the
allowance for losses on covered loans):
Total non-performing loans to total loans
Total non-performing assets to total assets
Allowances for loan losses to total non-performing loans
Allowances for loan losses to total loans
Covered Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Other loans
Total covered loans 30-89 days past due
Total Loans 30-89 Days Past Due (including covered loans):
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Other loans
Total loans 30-89 days past due (including covered loans)
2014
$
--
1,464
148,967
709
6,749
$ 157,889
32,048
$ 189,937
$ 31,089
26,288
159,999
1,363
16,100
$ 234,839
94,004
$ 328,843
0.66%
0.68
78.92
0.52
$
--
599
37,680
--
3,417
$41,696
$
464
2,063
40,766
--
4,595
$47,888
2013
$ --
1,607
201,425
1,029
7,424
$211,485
37,477
$248,962
$ 58,395
26,157
212,362
3,600
14,508
$315,022
108,869
$423,891
0.97%
0.91
65.40
0.63
$
--
--
52,250
--
5,679
$57,929
$33,678
1,854
53,326
--
6,160
$95,018
72
Geographical Analysis of Non-Performing Loans (Covered and Non-Covered)
The following table presents a geographical analysis of our non-performing loans at December 31, 2014:
Non-Performing Loans
(in thousands)
New Jersey
New York
Florida
California
Ohio
Arizona
Massachusetts
All other states
Total non-performing loans
Non-Covered
Loan Portfolio
$42,706
30,334
--
--
--
--
--
3,910
$76,950
Covered
Loan Portfolio
$ 16,384
15,782
35,039
12,992
8,817
8,347
8,179
52,349
$157,889
Total
$ 59,090
46,116
35,039
12,992
8,817
8,347
8,179
56,259
$234,839
Securities
Securities represented $7.1 billion, or 14.6%, of total assets at December 31, 2014, a reduction from $8.0
billion, or 17.0%, of total assets, at the prior year-end. In addition to management’s focus on loan production, the
decline was attributable to a combination of sales and calls over the course of the year.
The investment policies of the Company and the Banks are established by the respective Boards of Directors
and implemented by their respective Investment Committees, in concert with the respective Asset and Liability
Management Committees. The Investment Committees generally meet quarterly or on an as-needed basis to review
the portfolios and specific capital market transactions. In addition, the securities portfolios are reviewed monthly by
the Boards of Directors as a whole. Furthermore, the policies guiding the Company’s and the Banks’ investments are
reviewed at least annually by the respective Investment Committees, as well as by the respective Boards. While the
policies permit investment in various types of liquid assets, neither the Company nor the Banks currently maintain a
trading portfolio.
Our general investment strategy is to purchase liquid investments with various maturities to ensure that our
overall interest rate risk position stays within the required limits of our investment policies. We generally limit our
investments to GSE obligations (defined as GSE certificates; GSE collateralized mortgage obligations, or “CMOs”;
and GSE debentures). At both December 31, 2014 and 2013, GSE obligations represented 95.5% of total securities.
The remainder of the portfolio at those dates was comprised of corporate bonds, trust preferred securities, corporate
equities, and municipal obligations. None of our securities investments are backed by subprime or Alt-A loans.
Depending on management’s intent at the time of purchase, securities are classified as either “held to
maturity” or “available for sale.” Held-to-maturity securities are securities that management has the positive intent
to hold to maturity, whereas available-for-sale securities are securities that management intends to hold for an
indefinite period of time. Held-to-maturity securities generate cash flows from repayments and serve as a source of
earnings; they also serve as collateral for our wholesale borrowings. Available-for-sale securities generate cash
flows from sales, as well as from repayments of principal and interest. They also serve as a source of liquidity for
future loan production, the reduction of higher-cost funding, and general operating activities. A decision to purchase
or sell such securities is based on economic conditions, including changes in interest rates, liquidity, and our asset
and liability management strategy.
Held-to-maturity securities represented $6.9 billion, or 97.6%, of total securities at the end of this December, a
$747.6 million reduction from the year-earlier balance, which represented 96.5% of total securities. At
December 31, 2014 and 2013, the fair value of securities held to maturity represented 102.4% and 97.1%,
respectively, of their carrying value, with the increase reflecting the decline in market interest rates.
Mortgage-related securities and other securities accounted for $4.1 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively, of
held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2014, as compared to $4.4 billion and $3.3 billion, respectively, at
December 31, 2013. Included in other securities at the respective year-ends were GSE obligations of $6.7 billion and
$7.5 billion; capital trust notes of $75.6 million and $75.7 million; and corporate bonds of $73.3 million and $72.9
million, respectively. The estimated weighted average life of the held-to-maturity securities portfolio was 7.2 years
and 8.2 years at the corresponding dates.
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At December 31, 2014, available-for-sale securities represented the remaining $173.8 million, or 2.4% of total
securities, as compared to $280.7 million, or 3.5%, of total securities, at the prior year-end. Included in the
respective year-end amounts were mortgage-related securities of $19.7 million and $96.2 million, and other
securities of $154.1 million and $184.5 million. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the estimated weighted average
life of the available-for-sale securities portfolio was 8.6 years and 7.3 years, respectively.
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
As members of the FHLB-NY, the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are required to acquire and
hold shares of its capital stock. In addition, the Community Bank acquired shares of the capital stock of the FHLB-
Cincinnati and the FHLB-San Francisco in connection with the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions, respectively.
At December 31, 2014, the Community Bank held $466.0 million of FHLB stock, including $446.4 million of
stock in the FHLB-NY, $19.1 million of stock in the FHLB-Cincinnati, and $535,000 of stock in the FHLB-San
Francisco. The Commercial Bank had $49.3 million of FHLB stock at the same date, all of which was with the
FHLB-NY. FHLB stock continued to be valued at par.
In 2014 and 2013, dividends from the three FHLBs to the Community Bank totaled $22.4 million and $18.2
million, respectively. Dividends from the FHLB-NY to the Commercial Bank were $614,000 and $343,000 in the
corresponding years.
Bank-Owned Life Insurance
At December 31, 2014, our investment in bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) was $915.2 million, as
compared to $893.5 million at December 31, 2013. The increase was attributable to a rise in the cash surrender value
of the underlying policies.
BOLI is recorded at the total cash surrender value of the policies in “Other assets” in the Consolidated
Statements of Condition, and the income generated by the increase in the cash surrender value of the policies is
recorded in “Non-interest income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.
FDIC Loss Share Receivable
In connection with our loss sharing agreements with the FDIC with respect to the loans and OREO acquired in
connection with the AmTrust and Desert Hills transactions, we recorded FDIC loss share receivables of $397.8
million and $492.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and 2013. The loss share receivables represent the
present values of the reimbursements we expected to receive under the combined loss sharing agreements at those
dates.
Goodwill and Core Deposit Intangibles
We record goodwill and core deposit intangibles (“CDI”) in our Consolidated Statements of Condition in
connection with certain of our business combinations.
Goodwill totaled $2.4 billion at both December 31, 2014 and 2013. Reflecting amortization, CDI declined
$8.3 million year-over-year, to $7.9 million.
Sources of Funds
The Parent Company (i.e., the Company on an unconsolidated basis) has four primary funding sources for the
payment of dividends, share repurchases, and other corporate uses: dividends paid to the Company by the Banks;
capital raised through the issuance of stock; funding raised through the issuance of debt instruments; and repayments
of, and income from, investment securities.
On a consolidated basis, our funding primarily stems from a combination of the following sources: retail,
institutional, municipal, and brokered deposits; borrowed funds, primarily in the form of wholesale borrowings; the
cash flows generated through the repayment and sale of loans; and the cash flows generated through the repayment
and sale of securities.
In 2014, loan repayments and sales totaled $11.3 billion, as compared to $16.2 billion in 2013, primarily
reflecting a decline in the production of one-to-four family loans for sale as residential mortgage interest rates rose.
Repayments and sales accounted for $7.5 billion and $3.8 billion, respectively, of the 2014 total and for $9.2 billion
and $7.0 billion, respectively, of the total in the prior year.
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In 2014, cash flows from the repayment and sale of securities respectively totaled $785.1 million and $473.0
million, while the purchase of securities amounted to $376.3 million for the year. In contrast, cash flows from the
repayment and sale of securities totaled $740.1 million and $822.9 million, respectively, in 2013, and were offset by
the purchase of $4.6 billion of securities.
Consistent with our business model, the cash flows from loans and securities were primarily deployed into the
production of multi-family loans held for investment, as well as held-for-investment CRE loans and specialty
finance loans and leases.
Deposits
Our ability to retain and attract deposits depends on numerous factors, including customer satisfaction, the
rates of interest we pay, the types of products we offer, and the attractiveness of their terms. While there have been
times we have chosen not to compete actively for deposits (depending on our access to deposits through
acquisitions, the availability of lower-cost funding sources, the impact of competition on pricing, and the need to
fund our loan demand), we sought to increase our deposits substantially over the course of 2014.
As a result, deposits rose 10.4% year-over-year to $28.3 billion at the end of this December from $25.7 billion
at December 31, 2013. The balances at the respective dates represented 58.3% and 55.0% of total assets, reflecting a
strategic shift in the Company’s funding mix.
Reflecting the benefit of a series of deposit growth campaigns, NOW and money market accounts rose $2.0
billion year-over-year, to $12.5 billion, while savings accounts rose $1.1 billion to $7.1 billion, and non-interest-
bearing accounts rose $36.4 million to $2.3 billion. The increase in deposits was only partly offset by a $511.5
million decrease in CDs to $6.4 billion at December 31, 2014.
While the vast majority of our deposits are retail deposits we have gathered through our branch network or
acquired through business combinations, institutional deposits and municipal deposits are also part of our deposit
mix. Retail deposits rose $1.2 billion year-over-year, to $21.3 billion, while institutional deposits rose $1.7 billion to
$2.2 billion at December 31, 2014. Municipal deposits represented $847.8 million of total deposits at the end of this
December, a $71.1 million decrease from the year-earlier amount.
Depending on their availability and pricing relative to other funding sources, we also include brokered
deposits in our deposit mix. Brokered deposits accounted for $4.0 billion of our deposits at the end of this
December, a $132.9 million decrease from the balance at December 31, 2013. Included in the year-end 2014 and
2013 balances were brokered NOW and money market accounts of $2.6 billion and $3.6 billion; brokered CDs of
$3.5 million and $212.1 million; and brokered non-interest-bearing accounts of $1.4 billion and $260.5 million,
respectively.
Borrowed Funds
Borrowed funds consist primarily of wholesale borrowings (i.e., FHLB advances, repurchase agreements, and
federal funds purchased) and, to a far lesser extent, other borrowings. While other borrowings included junior
subordinated debentures and preferred stock of subsidiaries at December 31, 2013, we redeemed all of our preferred
stock of subsidiaries in the fourth quarter of 2014. Largely reflecting an $874.4 million decline in wholesale
borrowings from the year-earlier balance, borrowed funds fell $878.5 million to $14.2 billion at December 31, 2014.
Wholesale Borrowings
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, wholesale borrowings totaled $13.9 billion and $14.7 billion, representing
28.6% and 31.6% of total assets at the respective dates. FHLB advances accounted for $10.2 billion of the year-end
2014 balance, as compared to $10.9 billion at the prior year-end. In addition to FHLB-NY advances, the year-end
2014 balance included FHLB-Cincinnati advances of $489.4 million that were assumed in the AmTrust acquisition
in December 2009.
The Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are both members of, and have lines of credit with, the
FHLB-NY. Pursuant to blanket collateral agreements with the Banks, our FHLB advances and overnight advances
are secured by pledges of certain eligible collateral in the form of loans and securities.
Also included in wholesale borrowings at December 31, 2014 were repurchase agreements of $3.4 billion,
consistent with the balance at the prior year-end. Repurchase agreements are contracts for the sale of securities
owned or borrowed by the Banks with an agreement to repurchase those securities at agreed-upon prices and dates.
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Our repurchase agreements are primarily collateralized by GSE obligations, and may be entered into with the
FHLB-NY or certain brokerage firms. The brokerage firms we utilize are subject to an ongoing internal financial
review to ensure that we borrow funds only from those dealers whose financial strength will minimize the risk of
loss due to default. In addition, a master repurchase agreement must be executed and on file for each of the
brokerage firms we use.
Federal funds purchased accounted for $260.0 million of wholesale borrowings at the end of this December, a
$185.0 million decrease from the year-earlier amount.
At December 31, 2014, $5.2 billion of our wholesale borrowings were callable in 2015. Given the current
interest rate environment, we do not expect our callable wholesale borrowings to be called.
Other Borrowings
Other borrowings totaled $358.4 million at the end of this December, a $4.1 million decrease from the balance
at December 31, 2013. The year-end 2014 balance consisted entirely of junior subordinated debentures, while the
year-earlier balance included $4.3 million of preferred stock of subsidiaries. The redemption of our preferred stock
of subsidiaries in the fourth quarter of 2014 resulted in a modest gain.
Please see Note 8, “Borrowed Funds,” in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a further
discussion of our wholesale borrowings and other borrowings.
Liquidity, Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Commitments, and Capital Position
Liquidity
We manage our liquidity to ensure that our cash flows are sufficient to support our operations, and to
compensate for any temporary mismatches between sources and uses of funds caused by variable loan and deposit
demand.
We monitor our liquidity daily to ensure that sufficient funds are available to meet our financial obligations.
Our most liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents, which totaled $564.2 million and $644.6 million, respectively,
at December 31, 2014 and 2013. As in the past, our loan and securities portfolios provided meaningful liquidity in
2014, with cash flows from the repayment and sale of loans totaling $11.3 billion and cash flows from the
repayment and sale of securities totaling $1.3 billion.
Additional liquidity stems from the retail, institutional, and municipal deposits we gather or acquire through
business combinations, and from our use of wholesale funding sources, including brokered deposits and wholesale
borrowings. In addition, we have access to the Banks’ approved lines of credit with various counterparties, including
the FHLB-NY. The availability of these wholesale funding sources is generally based on the amount of mortgage
loan collateral available under a blanket lien we have pledged to the respective institutions and, to a lesser extent, the
amount of available securities that may be pledged to collateralize our borrowings. At December 31, 2014, our
available borrowing capacity with the FHLB-NY was $7.9 billion. In addition, the Community Bank and the
Commercial Bank had available-for-sale securities of $171.8 million, combined, at that date.
Furthermore, the Community Bank has an agreement with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the “FRB-
NY”) that enables it to access the discount window as a further means of enhancing its liquidity if need be. In
connection with that agreement, the Community Bank has pledged certain loans and securities to collateralize any
funds it may borrow. At December 31, 2014, the maximum amount the Community Bank could borrow from the
FRB-NY was $1.1 billion; there were no borrowings against this line of credit at that date.
Our primary investing activity is loan production, and the volume of loans we originated for sale and for
investment totaled $14.2 billion in 2014. During this time, the net cash used in investing activities totaled $2.1
billion. Our financing activities provided net cash of $1.3 billion and our operating activities provided net cash of
$722.4 million during the same time.
CDs due to mature in one year or less from December 31, 2014 totaled $5.0 billion, representing 77.5% of
total CDs at that date. Our ability to retain these CDs and to attract new deposits depends on numerous factors,
including customer satisfaction, the rates of interest we pay on our deposits, the types of products we offer, and the
attractiveness of their terms. However, there are times when we may choose not to compete for deposits, depending
on the availability of lower-cost funding, the competitiveness of the market and its impact on pricing, and our need
for such deposits to fund loan demand.
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The Parent Company is a separate legal entity from each of the Banks and must provide for its own liquidity.
In addition to operating expenses and any share repurchases, the Parent Company is responsible for paying any
dividends declared to our shareholders. As a Delaware corporation, the Parent Company is able to pay dividends
either from surplus or, in case there is no surplus, from net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is
declared and/or the preceding fiscal year. In addition, the Parent Company is not required to obtain prior FRB
approval to pay a dividend unless the declaration and payment of a dividend could raise supervisory concerns about
the safe and sound operation of the Company and the Banks, where the dividend declared for a period is not
supported by earnings for that period, or where the Company plans to declare an increase in its dividend.
The Parent Company’s ability to pay dividends may depend, in part, upon dividends it receives from the
Banks. The ability of the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank to pay dividends and other capital
distributions to the Parent Company is generally limited by New York State banking law and regulations, and by
certain regulations of the FDIC. In addition, the Superintendent of the New York State Department of Financial
Services (the “Superintendent”), the FDIC, and the FRB, for reasons of safety and soundness, may prohibit the
payment of dividends that are otherwise permissible by regulations.
Under New York State Banking Law, a New York State-chartered stock-form savings bank or commercial
bank may declare and pay dividends out of its net profits, unless there is an impairment of capital. However, the
approval of the Superintendent is required if the total of all dividends declared in a calendar year would exceed the
total of a bank’s net profits for that year, combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years. In 2014,
the Banks paid dividends totaling $410.0 million to the Parent Company, leaving $195.9 million that they could
dividend to the Parent Company without regulatory approval at year-end. Additional sources of liquidity available to
the Parent Company at December 31, 2014 included $89.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $2.0 million of
available-for-sale securities. If either of the Banks were to apply to the Superintendent for approval to make a
dividend or capital distribution in excess of the dividend amounts permitted under the regulations, there can be no
assurance that such application would be approved.
Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Commitments
In the normal course of business, we enter into a variety of contractual obligations in order to manage our
assets and liabilities, fund loan growth, operate our branch network, and address our capital needs.
For example, we offer CDs with contractual terms to our customers, and borrow funds under contract from the
FHLB and various brokerage firms. These contractual obligations are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of
Condition under “Deposits” and “Borrowed funds,” respectively. At December 31, 2014, we had CDs of $6.4 billion
and long-term debt (defined as borrowed funds with an original maturity in excess of one year) of $11.3 billion.
We also are obligated under certain non-cancelable operating leases on the buildings and land we use in
operating our branch network and in performing our back-office responsibilities. These obligations are not included
in the Consolidated Statements of Condition and totaled $158.5 million at December 31, 2014.
Contractual Obligations
The following table sets forth the maturity profile of the aforementioned contractual obligations as of
December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
One year or less
One to three years
Three to five years
More than five years
Total
Certificates of
Deposit
$4,974,122
1,292,563
123,176
30,737
$6,420,598
Long-Term Debt (1)
$ 300,675
1,159,772
4,495,955
5,321,885
$11,278,287
Operating
Leases
$ 27,381
50,142
34,399
46,599
$158,521
Total
$ 5,302,178
2,502,477
4,653,530
5,399,221
$17,857,406
(1) Includes FHLB advances, repurchase agreements, and junior subordinated debentures.
At December 31, 2014, we also had commitments to extend credit in the form of mortgage and other loan
originations. These off-balance sheet commitments consist of agreements to extend credit, as long as there is no
violation of any condition established in the contract under which the loan is made. Commitments generally have
fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee.
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Commitments to originate loans totaled $2.6 billion at the end of this December, including mortgage loans of
$1.8 billion and other loans of $734.3 million, with unadvanced lines of credit included in the latter amount. Loans
held for sale represented $494.6 million of the outstanding mortgage loan commitments; the remaining $2.1 billion
were held-for-investment loans. The majority of our loan commitments were expected to be funded within 90 days
of the end of the year. We also had off-balance sheet commitments to issue commercial, performance stand-by, and
financial stand-by letters of credit of $79.1 million, $9.9 million, and $112.0 million, respectively.
We had no commitments to purchase securities at the end of 2014.
The following table summarizes our off-balance sheet commitments to extend credit in the form of loans and
letters of credit at December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Mortgage Loan Commitments:
Multi-family and commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Total mortgage loan commitments
Other loan commitments
Total loan commitments
Commercial, performance stand-by, and financial stand-by
letters of credit
Total commitments
$1,018,223
495,854
301,763
$1,815,840
734,326
$2,550,166
200,983
$2,751,149
Based upon our current liquidity position, we expect that our funding will be sufficient to fulfill these
obligations and commitments when they are due.
Derivative Financial Instruments
We use various financial instruments, including derivatives, in connection with our strategies to mitigate or
reduce our exposure to losses from adverse changes in interest rates. Our derivative financial instruments consist of
financial forward and futures contracts, interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”), swaps, and options, and relate to
our mortgage banking operations, MSRs, and other related risk management activities. These activities will vary in
scope based on the level and volatility of interest rates, the types of assets held, and other changing market
conditions. At December 31, 2014, we held derivative financial instruments with a notional value of $3.4 billion.
(Please see Note 15, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”
for a further discussion of our use of such financial instruments.)
Capital Position
At December 31, 2014, stockholders’ equity totaled $5.8 billion, reflecting a $46.2 million increase from the
balance at December 31, 2013. The year-end 2014 balance represented 11.91% of total assets and was equivalent to
a book value per share of $13.06. At the prior year-end, stockholders’ equity represented 12.29% of total assets and
was equivalent to a book value per share of $13.01.
Tangible stockholders’ equity rose $54.5 million year-over-year, to $3.3 billion, after the distribution of four
quarterly cash dividends totaling $442.2 million. The year-end 2014 balance represented 7.24% of tangible assets
and a book value per share of $7.54; the year-end 2013 balance represented 7.42% of tangible assets and a tangible
book value per share of $7.45.
We calculate book value per share by dividing the amount of stockholders’ equity and tangible stockholders’
equity at the end of a period by the number of shares outstanding at the same date. At December 31, 2014, there
were 442,587,190 shares outstanding; at the prior year-end, the number of outstanding shares was 440,809,365.
We calculate tangible stockholders’ equity by subtracting the amount of goodwill and CDI recorded at the end
of a period from the amount of stockholders’ equity recorded at the same date. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, we
recorded goodwill of $2.4 billion; CDI totaled $7.9 million and $16.2 million at the respective dates. (Please see the
discussion and reconciliations of stockholders’ equity and tangible stockholders’ equity, total assets and tangible
assets, and the related financial measures that appear on the last page of this discussion and analysis of financial
condition and results of operations.)
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Stockholders’ equity and tangible stockholders’ equity both include accumulated other comprehensive loss
(“AOCL”) or income, which is comprised of the net unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale securities; the net
unrealized gain or loss on the non-credit portion of OTTI securities; and the Company’s pension and post-retirement
obligations at the end of a period. In the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, AOCL rose $19.2 million to
$55.7 million, reflecting a $22.1 million increase in pension and post-retirement obligations to $53.3 million which,
in turn, was due to a decline in market discount rates and an update to mortality assumptions to reflect new standard
mortality tables released by the Society of Actuaries in October 2014. The increase in AOCL was only partly offset
by a $2.7 million increase in the net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities and by a modest decline in the
net unrealized loss on the non-credit portion of OTTI.
As reflected in the following table, our capital measures continued to exceed the minimum federal
requirements for a bank holding company at December 31, 2014, as they did at December 31, 2013. The table sets
forth our total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, and leverage capital amounts and ratios on a consolidated basis, as well
as the respective minimum regulatory capital requirements, at the respective dates:
At December 31, 2014
(dollars in thousands)
Total risk-based capital
Tier 1 risk-based capital
Leverage capital
At December 31, 2013
(dollars in thousands)
Total risk-based capital
Tier 1 risk-based capital
Leverage capital
Actual
Amount
$3,919,248
3,731,430
3,731,430
Ratio
12.92%
12.30
8.04
Actual
Amount
$3,870,921
3,664,082
3,664,082
Ratio
13.56%
12.84
8.39
Minimum
Required Ratio
8.00%
4.00
4.00
Minimum
Required Ratio
8.00%
4.00
4.00
In addition, the capital ratios for the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank continued to exceed the
minimum levels required for classification as “well capitalized” institutions at December 31, 2013, as defined under
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991, and as further discussed in Note 18,
“Regulatory Matters,” in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Basel III Capital Rules
In July 2013, the Company’s primary federal regulator, the FRB, and the Banks’ primary federal regulator, the
FDIC, published final rules (the “Basel III Capital Rules”) establishing a new comprehensive capital framework for
U.S. banking organizations. The rules implement the Basel Committee’s December 2010 framework, known as
“Basel III,” for strengthening international capital standards as well as certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act.
The Basel III Capital Rules substantially revise the current U.S. risk-based capital rules and requirements
applicable to bank holding companies and depository institutions, including the Company and the Banks, as
indicated below:
• They define the components of capital and address other issues affecting the numerator in banking
institutions’ regulatory capital ratios;
• They address risk weights and other issues affecting the denominator in banking institutions’ regulatory
capital ratios;
• They replace the existing risk-weighting approach, which was derived from the Basel I capital accords of
the Basel Committee, with a more risk-sensitive approach based, in part, on the standardized approach in
the Basel Committee’s 2004 “Basel II” capital accords; and
• They implement the requirements of Section 939A of the Dodd-Frank Act to remove references to credit
ratings from the federal banking agencies’ rules.
The Basel III Capital Rules are effective for the Company and the Banks on January 1, 2015, and are subject
to a phase-in period.
In addition, and among other things, the Basel III Capital Rules:
•
Introduce a new capital measure called “Common Equity Tier 1” (“CET1”);
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• Specify that Tier 1 capital consists of CET1 and “Additional Tier 1 Capital” instruments meeting
specified requirements;
• Define CET1 narrowly by requiring that most deductions/adjustments to regulatory capital measures be
made to CET1, and not to the other components of capital; and
• Expand the scope of the deductions/adjustments from capital as compared to existing regulations.
The Basel III Capital Rules provide for a number of deductions from, and adjustments to, CET1. These
include, for example, the requirement that MSRs, certain deferred tax assets dependent upon future taxable income,
and significant investments in non-consolidated financial entities be deducted from CET1 to the extent that any one
such category exceeds 10% of CET1 or all such categories in the aggregate exceed 15% of CET1.
In addition, under current capital standards, the effects of accumulated other comprehensive income items
included in capital are excluded for the purposes of determining regulatory capital ratios. Under the Basel III Capital
Rules, the effects of certain accumulated other comprehensive income items are not excluded; however, “non-
advanced approach” banking organizations, including the Company and the Banks, may make a one-time permanent
election to continue to exclude these items. We expect to make this election in order to avoid significant variations
in the level of capital depending upon the impact of interest rate fluctuations on the fair value of our securities
portfolio.
The Basel III Capital Rules also exclude the inclusion of certain hybrid securities, such as trust preferred
securities, as Tier 1 capital of bank holding companies, subject to phase-out. As a result, beginning in 2015, only
25% of the Company’s trust preferred securities will be included in Tier 1 capital and, in 2016, none of the
Company’s trust preferred securities will be included in Tier 1 capital. Trust preferred securities no longer included
in the Company’s Tier 1 capital may nonetheless be included as a component of Tier 2 capital on a permanent basis
without phase-out.
Implementation of the deductions and other adjustments to CET1 began on January 1, 2015 and will be
phased in over a four-year period, starting at 40% on January 1, 2015 and continuing thereafter with an additional
20% per calendar year. The implementation of a capital conservation buffer will begin on January 1, 2016 at the
0.625% level and be phased in over a four-year period, increasing by that amount on each subsequent January 1st
until it reaches 2.5% on January 1, 2019.
Under the Basel III Capital Rules, the initial minimum capital ratios as of January 1, 2015 are as follows:
•
4.5% CET1 to risk-weighted assets;
• 6.0% Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets; and
•
8.0% Total capital to risk-weighted assets.
When fully phased in on January 1, 2019, the Basel III Capital Rules will require the Company and the Banks
to maintain:
•
•
•
•
a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 4.5%, plus a 2.5% “capital conservation
buffer” designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress (which is added to the 4.5% CET1
ratio as that buffer is phased in, effectively resulting in a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets
of at least 7% upon full implementation);
a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 6.0%, plus the capital conservation
buffer (which is added to the 6.0% Tier 1 capital ratio as that buffer is phased in, effectively resulting in a
minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5% upon full implementation);
a minimum ratio of Total capital (i.e., Tier 1 plus Tier 2) to risk-weighted assets of at least 8.0%, plus the
capital conservation buffer (which is added to the 8.0% total capital ratio as that buffer is phased in,
effectively resulting in a minimum Total capital ratio of 10.5% upon full implementation); and
a minimum leverage capital ratio of 4.0%, calculated as the ratio of Tier 1 capital to average assets (as
compared to a current minimum leverage capital ratio of 3.0% for banking organizations that either have
the highest supervisory rating or have implemented the appropriate federal regulatory authority’s risk-
adjusted measure for market risk).
Management believes that, as of December 31, 2014, the Company and the Banks would meet all capital
adequacy requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules on a fully phased-in basis if such requirements were
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effective as of that date. In addition, reflecting a good faith estimate of the Company’s CET1 and risk-weighted
assets, as computed in accordance with the methodologies set forth in the Basel III Capital Rules, management
estimates that the Company’s ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets, on a fully phased-in basis, was approximately
10.85% at December 31, 2014.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS: 2014 and 2013
Earnings Summary
In 2014 and 2013, we generated earnings of $485.4 million and $475.5 million, respectively, equivalent to
$1.09 and $1.08 per diluted share. Our 2014 earnings provided a 1.08% return on average tangible assets (“ROTA”)
and a 14.77% return on average tangible stockholders’ equity (“ROTE”). (ROTA and ROTE are non-GAAP
financial measures. Please see the discussion and reconciliation of our GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures on
the last page of this discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations.)
While net interest income fell year-over-year as the yield curve flattened, the impact was exceeded by the
benefit of a decline in the provision for non-covered loan losses, together with the recovery of losses on covered
loans. In addition, non-interest expense declined year-over-year, fueled by reductions in operating expenses and CDI
amortization, exceeding the impact of a decrease in non-interest income year-over-year. Reflecting a rise in pre-tax
income and the effective tax rate, income tax expense rose in 2014.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income is our primary source of income. Its level is a function of the average balance of our
interest-earning assets, the average balance of our interest-bearing liabilities, and the spread between the yield on
such assets and the cost of such liabilities. These factors are influenced by both the pricing and mix of our interest-
earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities which, in turn, are impacted by various external factors, including
the local economy, competition for loans and deposits, the monetary policy of the Federal Open Market Committee
of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors (the “FOMC”), and market interest rates.
The cost of our deposits and borrowed funds is largely based on short-term rates of interest, the level of which
is partially impacted by the actions of the FOMC. The FOMC reduces, maintains, or increases the target federal
funds rate (the rate at which banks borrow funds overnight from one another) as it deems necessary. The target
federal funds rate has been maintained at a range of zero to 0.25% since the fourth quarter of 2008.
While the target federal funds rate generally impacts the cost of our short-term borrowings and deposits, the
yields on our held-for-investment loans and other interest-earning assets are typically impacted by intermediate-term
market interest rates. For example, in 2014, the five-year CMT ranged from a low of 1.37% to a high of 1.85%, with
a 1.64% average. In 2013, the five-year CMT ranged from 0.65% to 1.85%, with an average of 1.17%.
Net interest income is also influenced by the level of prepayment penalty income generated, primarily in
connection with the prepayment of our multi-family and CRE loans. Since prepayment penalty income is recorded
as interest income, an increase or decrease in its level will also be reflected in the average yields on our loans and
other interest-earning assets, and therefore, in our interest rate spread and net interest margin.
For example, 2013 was a record year for prepayment penalty income as the real estate market in New York
City began to recover, resulting in a high level of property transactions as well as refinancing activity. In 2014, the
level of property transactions and refinancing activity was lower and, as a result, prepayment penalty income
declined substantially year-over-year. Specifically, prepayment penalty income totaled $86.8 million in 2014,
reflecting a $50.1 million reduction from the year-earlier amount.
81
In 2014, we generated net interest income of $1.1 billion, reflecting a year-over-year decrease of $26.3
million. The reduction was the net effect of a $25.0 million decrease in interest income to $1.7 billion and a $1.2
million increase in interest expense to $542.7 million. Furthermore, our margin declined to 2.67% in 2014 from
3.01% in the prior year. The following factors contributed to the respective declines:
• While the average balance of interest-earning assets rose $4.0 billion year-over-year, to $42.7 billion, the
average yield on such assets fell 47 basis points to 3.94%. The lower yield was attributable to the
replenishment of our asset mix with lower-yielding loans held for investment, as market interest rates
trended lower, and to a 15-basis point decline in the contribution of prepayment penalty income to the
average yield.
•
In 2014, loans accounted for $34.5 billion of average interest-earning assets, reflecting a year-over-year
increase of $2.6 billion, or 8.3%. Nevertheless, the interest income produced by loans fell $72.8 million,
or 4.9%, to $1.4 billion, as the average yield dropped 57 basis points to 4.10%. Prepayment penalty
income contributed 25 basis points to the average yield on loans in 2014, as compared to 43 basis points
in the prior year. The remainder of the decline in the average yield was attributable to the replenishment
of the portfolio with lower-yielding loans.
• Also included in 2014’s average balance of interest-earning assets were securities and money market
investments of $8.2 billion, reflecting a year-over-year increase of $1.4 billion, or 20.7%. The interest
income produced by such assets rose $47.7 million during this time to $268.2 million, as the increase in
the average balance was accompanied by a three-basis point rise in the average yield to 3.26%.
• The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities rose $3.6 billion year-over-year to $39.6 billion, while
the average cost of funds fell 14 basis points to 1.37%. In addition to the low level of short-term interest
rates, the decline reflects a decrease in the average cost of total interest-bearing deposits as well as a
decrease in the average cost of borrowed funds.
•
In 2014, interest-bearing deposits accounted for $24.9 billion of average interest-bearing liabilities,
reflecting a year-over-year increase of $2.2 billion, or 9.9%. While the average balance of CDs declined
$1.2 billion during this time, to $6.7 billion, the decrease was exceeded by increases of $2.2 billion and
$1.3 billion in the average balances of NOW and money market accounts and savings accounts,
respectively. While the average costs of savings accounts and CDs respectively rose 13 and six basis
points from the year-earlier levels, the average cost of NOW and money market accounts fell four basis
points year-over-year. The net effect of the increase in the higher average balance and the lower cost of
interest-bearing deposits was an $8.1 million increase in interest expense on deposits to $149.7 million.
• While the average balance of borrowed funds rose $1.4 billion year-over-year to $14.7 billion, the
average cost of such funds fell 33 basis points to 2.68%. As a result, the interest expense produced by
borrowed funds declined $6.9 million to $393.0 million, tempering the impact of the increase in the
interest expense produced by interest-bearing deposits.
It should be noted that the level of prepayment penalty income recorded in any given period depends on the
volume of loans that refinance or prepay during that time. Such activity is largely dependent on such external factors
as current market conditions, including real estate values, and the perceived or actual direction of market interest
rates. In addition, while a decline in market interest rates may trigger an increase in refinancing and, therefore,
prepayment penalty income, so too may an increase in market interest rates. It is not unusual for borrowers to lock in
lower interest rates when they expect, or see, that market interest rates are rising rather than risk refinancing later at
a still higher interest rate.
Furthermore, the level of prepayment penalty income recorded when a loan prepays is a function of the
remaining principal balance as well as the number of years remaining on the loan. The number of years dictates the
number of prepayment penalty points that are charged on the remaining principal balance, based on a sliding scale of
five percentage points to one, as discussed under “Multi-Family Loans” and “Commercial Real Estate Loans” earlier
in this report. In 2014, the largest loan to prepay was a $170.0 million loan to a single borrower, which accounted
for $6.8 million of the prepayment penalty income recorded. In contrast, the largest loan repaying in 2013 was a
$475.0 million loan to a single borrower, which accounted for $14.3 million of the prepayment penalty income
recorded that year.
82
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Rate/Volume Analysis
The following table presents the extent to which changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of
interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities affected our interest income and interest expense during the
periods indicated. Information is provided in each category with respect to (i) the changes attributable to changes in
volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate); (ii) the changes attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate
multiplied by prior volume); and (iii) the net change. The changes attributable to the combined impact of volume
and rate have been allocated proportionately to the changes due to volume and the changes due to rate.
Year Ended
December 31, 2014
Compared to Year Ended
December 31, 2013
Increase/(Decrease)
Due to
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
Compared to Year Ended
December 31, 2012
Increase/(Decrease)
Due to
(in thousands)
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS:
Mortgage and other loans, net
Securities and money market investments
Total
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES:
NOW and money market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Borrowed funds
Total
Change in net interest income
Volume
Rate
Net
Volume
Rate
Net
$155,096 $ (227,874)
2,384
(225,490)
45,363
200,459
$(72,778)
47,747
(25,031)
$ 52,218 $(162,060)
(20,053)
(182,113)
46,892
99,110
$ (109,842)
26,839
(83,003)
$ 6,715
6,037
(14,354)
133,964
132,362
$ 68,097
$
(3,091)
7,740
5,060
(140,839)
(131,130)
$ (94,360)
$ 3,624
13,777
(9,294)
(6,875)
1,232
$(26,263)
$ 3,462 $
4,621
(5,368)
20,463
23,178
(4,187)
3,652
(4,707)
(107,534)
(112,776)
$ 75,932 $ (69,337)
$
$
(725)
8,273
(10,075)
(87,071)
(89,598)
6,595
Provisions for (Recovery of ) Loan Losses
Provision for Losses on Non-Covered Loans
The provision for losses on non-covered loans is based on management’s periodic assessment of the adequacy
of the allowance for losses on such loans which, in turn, is based on its evaluation of losses incurred in the held-for-
investment loan portfolio, in accordance with GAAP. This evaluation considers several factors, including the current
and historical performance of the portfolio; its inherent risk characteristics; the level of non-performing non-covered
loans and charge-offs; delinquency levels and trends; local economic and market conditions; declines in real estate
values; and the levels of unemployment and vacancy rates.
In contrast to 2013, when an $18.0 million provision for non-covered loan losses was recorded, no provision
was recorded in 2014. Reflecting the modest level of net charge-offs during the year, the allowance for losses on
non-covered loans was $139.9 million at the end of this December, as compared to $141.9 million at December 31,
2013.
(Recovery of) Provision for Losses on Covered Loans
A provision for losses on covered loans is recorded when we have reason to believe that the cash flows from
certain loans acquired in our FDIC-assisted transactions will fall short of our expectations due to a decline in their
credit quality. Conversely, when we have reason to believe that the cash flows from certain loan portfolios acquired
in our FDIC-assisted transactions will exceed our expectations due to an improvement in credit quality, we reverse
the previously established covered loan loss allowance by recording a recovery.
Reflecting a year-over-year improvement in the credit quality of certain covered loans, we recovered $18.6
million from the allowance for covered loan losses in 2014, in contrast to recording a $12.8 million provision for
covered loan losses in the prior year.
Because our FDIC loss sharing agreements call for the FDIC to reimburse us for a portion of our losses on
covered loans—and for the FDIC to share in any recoveries of such losses—we record FDIC indemnification
income in “Non-interest income” in the same period that a provision for covered loan losses is recorded, and we
record FDIC indemnification expense in “Non-interest income” in the same period that a recovery has occurred.
Accordingly, in 2014, we recorded FDIC indemnification expense of $14.9 million, in contrast to FDIC
indemnification income of $10.2 million in the year-earlier twelve months.
84
For additional information about our provisions for (recoveries of) loan losses, please see the discussion of the
respective loan loss allowances under “Critical Accounting Policies” and the discussion of “Asset Quality” that
appear earlier in this report.
Non-Interest Income
We generate non-interest income through a variety of sources, including—among others—mortgage banking
income (which consists of income from the origination of one-to-four family loans for sale and income from the
servicing of these and other one-to-four family loans), fee income (in the form of retail deposit fees and charges on
loans), income from our investment in BOLI, gains on the sale of securities, and revenues produced through the sale
of third-party investment products and those produced through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Peter B. Cannell &
Co., Inc. (“PBC”), an investment advisory firm.
In 2014, non-interest income totaled $201.6 million, as compared to $218.8 million in the prior year. The
reduction was attributable to the factors described below.
Largely reflecting the higher level of residential mortgage interest rates, as compared to the year-earlier level,
refinancing activity declined through most of 2014. As a result, mortgage banking income fell $15.3 million year-
over-year, to $63.0 million, the net effect of a $26.8 million decrease in income from originations to $24.1 million
and an $11.5 million increase in servicing income to $38.9 million.
In addition to the reduction in mortgage banking income, the decline in non-interest income was primarily due
to the $25.1 million difference between the FDIC indemnification expense recorded in 2014 and the FDIC
indemnification income recorded in the prior year. Furthermore, net securities gains fell $7.0 million year-over-year,
to $14.0 million, while BOLI income and fee income fell $4.4 million, combined.
These declines were largely offset by a $33.9 million increase in other non-interest income to $75.7 million, as
the revenues produced by PBC rose $9.6 million year-over-year to $26.2 million, and as we recovered $17.3 million
on a single security we had written off in 2009. Also contributing to the year’s non-interest income were a $3.9
million gain on the sale of Class B Visa shares in the first quarter and a $6.0 million gain on the sale of an OREO
property.
Non-Interest Income Analysis
The following table summarizes our sources of non-interest income in the twelve months ended December 31,
2014, 2013, and 2012:
(in thousands)
Mortgage banking income
Fee income
BOLI income
Net gain on sale of securities
FDIC indemnification (expense) income
Loss on OTTI of securities
Loss on debt redemptions
Other income:
Peter B. Cannell & Co., Inc.
Third-party investment product sales
Gain on Visa shares sold
Recovery of OTTI of securities
Other
Total other income
Total non-interest income
2014
2012
For the Years Ended December 31,
2013
$ 62,953 $ 78,283 $178,643
38,348
30,502
2,041
14,390
--
(2,313)
36,585
27,150
14,029
(14,870)
--
--
38,179
29,938
21,036
10,206
(612)
--
26,176
13,571
3,856
17,326
14,817
75,746
14,837
15,422
--
--
5,483
35,742
$201,593 $218,830 $297,353
16,588
15,487
--
4,255
5,470
41,800
It should be noted that the amount of mortgage banking income we record in any given year or quarter is
likely to vary, and therefore is difficult to predict. The mortgage banking income we record depends in large part on
the volume of loans originated which, in turn, depends on a variety of factors, including changes in market interest
rates and economic conditions, competition, refinancing activity, and loan demand.
85
Non-Interest Expense
Non-interest expense has two primary components: operating expenses, which include compensation and
benefits, occupancy and equipment, and general and administrative (“G&A”) expenses; and the amortization of the
CDI stemming from certain of our business combinations prior to 2009.
In 2014, non-interest expense declined $20.1 million year-over-year to $587.5 million, the result of a $12.6
million reduction in operating expenses to $579.2 million and a $7.5 million reduction in the amortization of CDI to
$8.3 million.
The decline in operating expenses was the result of a $6.3 million decrease in compensation and benefits
expense to $306.8 million, and an $8.0 million decrease in G&A expense to $173.3 million. Included in the prior
year’s compensation and benefits expense were severance charges of $6.0 million; no comparable charges were
recorded in 2014. The decline in G&A expense was largely due to a reduction in FDIC insurance premiums from the
year-earlier level and a reduction in costs related to the management and disposition of foreclosed properties as our
asset quality improved.
The benefit of these declines was partly offset by a $1.8 million increase in occupancy and equipment expense
to $99.0 million, primarily reflecting costs incurred in the consolidation of back-office departments that had been
housed at several locations into a single facility.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense includes federal, New York State, and New York City income taxes, as well as non-
material income taxes from other jurisdictions where we have branch operations and/or conduct our mortgage
banking business.
In 2014, our income tax expense rose $16.1 million year-over-year to $287.7 million. Pre-tax income rose
$25.9 million during this time, to $773.1 million, while the effective tax rate rose to 37.21% from 36.35%.
The level of income tax expense was also increased by a one-time charge of $3.5 million that was recorded in
connection with the enactment of certain New York State tax laws on March 31, 2014.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS: 2013 and 2012
Earnings Summary
We recorded earnings of $475.5 million, or $1.08 per diluted share, in 2013, as compared to $501.1 million, or
$1.13 per diluted share, in 2012. While net interest income rose year-over-year, fueled by interest-earning asset
growth and record prepayment penalty income, the increase was exceeded by a decline in mortgage banking income,
as residential mortgage interest rates rose and the demand for one-to-four family mortgage loans declined.
In addition to the increase in net interest income, the decline in mortgage banking income was tempered by a
decrease in our provisions for both covered and non-covered loan losses, and by a reduction in our non-interest
expense. Largely reflecting a resultant decline in pre-tax income, our income tax expense also decreased year-over-
year.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income rose $6.6 million year-over-year, to $1.2 billion, in the twelve months ended
December 31, 2013. While interest income fell $83.0 million during this time, to $1.7 billion, the decrease was
exceeded by an $89.6 million decline in interest expense to $541.5 million. Notwithstanding the increase in our net
interest income, our margin declined to 3.01% in 2013 from 3.21% in 2012. The factors contributing to the year-
over-year rise in our net interest income and the year-over-year decline in our net interest margin are described
below:
•
Prepayment penalty income contributed $136.8 million to our 2013 interest income, as compared to
$120.4 million in 2012. The 2013 amount contributed 35 basis points to the year’s net interest margin; the
2012 amount contributed 33 basis points. Among the loans prepaying in 2013 was a $475.0 million loan
to a single borrower, which accounted for $14.3 million of the prepayment penalty income recorded; in
2012, two loans to a single borrower accounted for $17.9 million of the prepayment penalty income
recorded during that year.
86
• The average balance of interest-earning assets rose $2.6 billion year-over-year, to $38.7 billion, the result
of a $965.7 million increase in average loans to $31.9 billion and a $1.6 billion increase in average
securities and money market accounts to $6.8 billion. The benefit of increased interest-earning asset
growth was exceeded by the impact of a 55-basis point decline in the average yield on such assets, as the
average yield on loans fell 50 basis points, to 4.67%, and the average yield on securities and money
market investments fell 49 basis points, to 3.23%. While prepayment penalty income added four more
basis points to the average yield on loans in 2013 than it did in the year-earlier period, the benefit was
exceeded by the impact of the replenishment of the balance sheet with lower-yielding loans.
• While the five-year CMT rose in 2013, the yields on the loans we produced, and the securities in which
we invested, were nonetheless lower than the yields on the loans and securities that repaid or matured
during the year.
• The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities rose $1.8 billion year-over-year to $35.9 billion, as
average interest-bearing deposits rose $1.3 billion to $22.7 billion and average borrowings rose $511.4
million to $13.3 billion. The impact of the year-over-year rise was exceeded by the benefit of a 34-basis
point decline in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, primarily reflecting an 80-basis point
decline in the average cost of borrowed funds to 3.01%.
Provisions for Loan Losses
Provision for Losses on Non-Covered Loans
In 2013, we reduced our provision for losses on non-covered loans to $18.0 million from $45.0 million in
2012. Nonetheless, the allowance for losses on non-covered loans rose $998,000 year-over-year, to $141.9 million,
as the $27.0 million reduction in the provision for non-covered loan losses occurred in tandem with a $24.3 million
decrease in net charge-offs to $17.0 million.
Provision for Losses on Covered Loans
In 2013 and 2012, we recorded provisions for losses on covered loans of $12.8 million and $18.0 million,
respectively, reflecting a general improvement in the credit quality of the loans acquired in our FDIC-assisted
transactions. The respective provisions were largely offset by FDIC indemnification income of $10.2 million and
$14.4 million, recorded in non-interest income in the respective periods.
For additional information about our provisions for loan losses, please see the discussion of the respective
loan loss allowances under “Critical Accounting Policies” and the discussion of “Asset Quality” that appear earlier
in this report.
Non-Interest Income
Non-interest income fell $78.5 million year-over-year, to $218.8 million, representing 15.8% of the total
revenues we produced in 2013. The year-over-year reduction was primarily due to a decline in mortgage banking
income, as a rise in residential mortgage interest rates resulted in a decline in refinancing activity.
Specifically, mortgage banking income declined to $78.3 million in 2013 from $178.6 million in 2012.
Income from originations accounted for the bulk of the decrease in mortgage banking income, falling to $50.9
million from $193.2 million in the prior year. The impact of the decrease in income from originations was somewhat
offset by a rise in servicing income to $27.4 million from a $14.6 million servicing loss in 2012.
The year-over-year decrease in non-interest income also reflects a $4.2 million decline in FDIC
indemnification income to $10.2 million, and far more modest declines in fee income and BOLI income over the
course of the year.
The combined impact of these declines was somewhat offset by a $19.0 million increase in net securities gains
to $21.0 million and a $6.1 million increase in other non-interest income to $41.8 million. In 2012, our non-interest
income was slightly reduced by a $2.3 million loss on debt redemption; no comparable loss was recorded in 2013.
Non-Interest Expense
In 2013, our non-interest expense fell $5.9 million from the year-earlier level to $607.6 million, the result of a
$2.1 million decline in operating expenses to $591.8 million, and a $3.9 million decline in the amortization of CDI
to $15.8 million. Included in 2013 operating expenses were compensation and benefits expense of $313.2 million,
occupancy and equipment expense of $97.3 million, and G&A expense of $181.3 million.
87
While compensation and benefits expense rose $16.3 million year-over-year and occupancy and equipment
expense rose $6.5 million, the combination of these increases was exceeded by a $24.9 million reduction in G&A
expense. The decline in G&A expense was primarily due to a decrease in our FDIC deposit insurance assessments,
together with a reduction in the expenses incurred in managing and selling foreclosed real estate.
In addition to severance charges of $6.0 million, the rise in compensation and benefits expense was due to
normal salary increases, incentive stock award grants, and the expansion of certain back-office departments to
address the increase in regulation resulting from the roll-out of the Dodd-Frank Act.
Income Tax Expense
Primarily reflecting a $33.8 million decline in pre-tax income to $747.1 million, income tax expense fell $8.2
million year-over-year to $271.6 million in 2013. During this time, the effective tax rate rose to 36.35% from
35.83%.
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth selected unaudited quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31,
2014 and 2013:
(in thousands, except per share data)
Net interest income
(Recovery of) provision for
loan losses
Non-interest income
Non-interest expense
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
IMPACT OF INFLATION
2014
2013
4th
$283,682
3rd
$289,029
2nd
1st
$283,492 $284,150
4th
$297,325
(200)
70,479
148,111
206,250
75,053
$131,197
$0.30
$0.30
(3,945)
41,286
145,195
189,065
68,807
$120,258
$0.27
$0.27
188
52,593
147,836
188,061
69,373
(14,630)
37,235
146,325
189,690
74,436
$118,688 $115,254
$0.26
$0.26
$0.27
$0.27
(2,829)
38,810
149,474
189,490
69,335
$120,155
$0.27
$0.27
3rd
2nd
$294,231 $299,884 $275,176
1st
14,467
50,724
150,327
180,161
65,961
9,502
9,618
53,745
75,551
151,665 156,096
192,346 185,129
66,454
$114,200 $122,517 $118,675
$0.27
$0.27
$0.28
$0.28
$0.26
$0.26
69,829
The consolidated financial statements and notes thereto presented in this report have been prepared in
accordance with GAAP, which requires that we measure our financial condition and operating results in terms of
historical dollars, without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation.
The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of our operations. Unlike industrial companies, nearly all of
a bank’s assets and liabilities are monetary in nature. As a result, the impact of interest rates on our performance is
greater than the impact of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction, or
to the same extent, as the prices of goods and services.
IMPACT OF ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Please refer to Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in Item 8, “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data,” for a discussion of the impact of recent accounting pronouncements on our financial
condition and results of operations.
88
RECONCILIATIONS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND TANGIBLE STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY,
TOTAL ASSETS AND TANGIBLE ASSETS, AND THE RELATED CAPITAL MEASURES
Although tangible stockholders’ equity and tangible assets are not measures that are calculated in accordance
with GAAP, management uses these non-GAAP financial measures in their analysis of our performance. We believe
that these non-GAAP financial measures are important indications of our ability to grow both organically and
through business combinations and, with respect to tangible stockholders’ equity, our ability to pay dividends and to
engage in various capital management strategies.
We calculate tangible stockholders’ equity by subtracting from stockholders’ equity the sum of our goodwill
and CDI, and calculate tangible assets by subtracting the same sum from our total assets. To calculate our ratio of
tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets, we divide our tangible stockholders’ equity by our tangible assets.
Tangible stockholders’ equity, tangible assets, and the related tangible capital measures, should not be
considered in isolation or as a substitute for stockholders’ equity or any other financial measure prepared in
accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate these non-GAAP financial measures may
differ from that of other companies reporting measures of capital with similar names.
Reconciliations of our stockholders’ equity and tangible stockholders’ equity; our total assets and tangible
assets; and the related financial measures at December 31, 2014 and 2013 follow:
(dollars in thousands)
Stockholders’ Equity
Less: Goodwill
Core deposit intangibles
Tangible stockholders’ equity
Total Assets
Less: Goodwill
Core deposit intangibles
Tangible assets
Stockholders’ equity to total assets
Tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets
Average Stockholders’ Equity
Less: Average goodwill and core deposit intangibles
Average tangible stockholders’ equity
Average Assets
Less: Average goodwill and core deposit intangibles
Average tangible assets
At or for the
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2014
$ 5,781,815
(2,436,131)
(7,943)
$ 3,337,741
2013
$ 5,735,662
(2,436,131)
(16,240)
$ 3,283,291
$48,559,217
(2,436,131)
(7,943)
$46,115,143
$46,688,287
(2,436,131)
(16,240)
$44,235,916
11.91%
7.24
12.29%
7.42
$ 5,768,795
(2,448,322)
$ 3,320,473
$ 5,620,445
(2,460,266)
$ 3,160,179
$48,038,072
(2,448,322)
$45,589,750
$44,396,263
(2,460,266)
$41,935,997
Net income
Add back: Amortization of core deposit intangibles, net of tax
Adjusted net income
$485,397
4,978
$490,375
$475,547
9,471
$485,018
Return on average assets
Return on average tangible assets
Return on average stockholders’ equity
Return on average tangible stockholders’ equity
1.01%
1.08
8.41%
14.77
1.07%
1.16
8.46%
15.35
89
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We manage our assets and liabilities to reduce our exposure to changes in market interest rates. The asset and
liability management process has three primary objectives: to evaluate the interest rate risk inherent in certain balance
sheet accounts; to determine the appropriate level of risk, given our business strategy, operating environment, capital
and liquidity requirements, and performance objectives; and to manage that risk in a manner consistent with
guidelines approved by the Boards of Directors of the Company, the Community Bank, and the Commercial Bank.
Market Risk
As a financial institution, we are focused on reducing our exposure to interest rate volatility, which represents
our primary market risk. Changes in market interest rates represent the greatest challenge to our financial
performance, as such changes can have a significant impact on the level of income and expense recorded on a large
portion of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and on the market value of all interest-earning
assets, other than those possessing a short term to maturity. To reduce our exposure to changing rates, the Boards of
Directors and management monitor interest rate sensitivity on a regular or as needed basis so that adjustments to the
asset and liability mix can be made when deemed appropriate.
The actual duration of held-for-investment mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities can be significantly
impacted by changes in prepayment levels and market interest rates. The level of prepayments may, in turn, be
impacted by a variety of factors, including the economy in the region where the underlying mortgages were
originated; seasonal factors; demographic variables; and the assumability of the underlying mortgages. However, the
factors with the most significant impact on prepayments are market interest rates and the availability of refinancing
opportunities.
In 2014, we continued to manage our interest rate risk by taking the following actions: (1) We continued to
emphasize the origination and retention of intermediate-term assets, primarily in the form of multi-family and CRE
loans; (2) We increased our portfolio of C&I loans, which feature floating rates; (3) We continued to deploy the cash
flows from loan and securities repayments and sales into loan production and GSE obligations; and (4) We increased
our deposits.
In connection with the activities of our mortgage banking operations, we enter into contingent commitments to
fund residential mortgage loans by a specified future date at a stated interest rate and corresponding price. Such
commitments, which are generally known as IRLCs, are considered to be financial derivatives and, as such, are
carried at fair value.
To mitigate the interest rate risk associated with IRLCs, we enter into forward commitments to sell mortgage
loans or mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) by a specified future date and at a specified price. These forward sale
agreements are also carried at fair value. Such forward commitments to sell generally obligate us to complete the
transaction as agreed, and therefore pose a risk to us if we are not able to deliver the loans or MBS pursuant to the
terms of the applicable forward-sale agreement. For example, if we are unable to meet our obligation, we may be
required to pay a “make whole” fee to the counterparty.
When we retain the servicing on the loans we sell, we capitalize an MSR asset. MSRs are recorded at fair
value, with changes in fair value recorded as a component of non-interest income. We estimate the fair value of the
MSR asset based upon a number of factors, including current and expected loan prepayment rates, economic
conditions, and market forecasts, as well as relevant characteristics of the associated underlying loans. Generally,
when market interest rates decline, loan prepayments increase as customers refinance their existing mortgages to
take advantage of more favorable interest rate terms. When a mortgage prepays, or when loans are expected to
prepay earlier than originally expected, a portion of the anticipated cash flows associated with servicing these loans
is terminated or reduced, which can result in a reduction in the fair value of the capitalized MSRs and a
corresponding reduction in earnings.
To mitigate the prepayment risk inherent in MSRs, we could sell the servicing of the loans we originate, and
thus minimize the potential for earnings volatility. Instead, we have opted to mitigate such risk by investing in
exchange-traded derivative financial instruments that are expected to experience opposite and offsetting changes in
fair value as related to the value of our MSRs.
Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis
The matching of assets and liabilities may be analyzed by examining the extent to which such assets and
liabilities are “interest rate sensitive” and by monitoring a bank’s interest rate sensitivity “gap.” An asset or liability
90
is said to be interest rate sensitive within a specific time frame if it will mature or reprice within that period of time.
The interest rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets maturing
or repricing within a specific time frame and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing within
that same period of time.
In a rising interest rate environment, an institution with a negative gap would generally be expected, absent the
effects of other factors, to experience a greater increase in the cost of its interest-bearing liabilities than it would in
the yield on its interest-earning assets, thus producing a decline in its net interest income. Conversely, in a declining
rate environment, an institution with a negative gap would generally be expected to experience a lesser reduction in
the yield on its interest-earning assets than it would in the cost of its interest-bearing liabilities, thus producing an
increase in its net interest income.
In a rising interest rate environment, an institution with a positive gap would generally be expected to
experience a greater increase in the yield on its interest-earning assets than it would in the cost of its interest-bearing
liabilities, thus producing an increase in its net interest income. Conversely, in a declining rate environment, an
institution with a positive gap would generally be expected to experience a lesser reduction in the cost of its interest-
bearing liabilities than it would in the yield on its interest-earning assets, thus producing a decline in its net interest
income.
At December 31, 2014, our one-year gap was a negative 15.92%, as compared to a negative 13.66% at
December 31, 2013. The difference was primarily attributable to an increase in the amount of deposits maturing in
one year, which was partially offset by an increase in projected loan prepayments.
The table on the following page sets forth the amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities
outstanding at December 31, 2014 which, based on certain assumptions stemming from our historical experience,
are expected to reprice or mature in each of the future time periods shown. Except as stated below, the amounts of
assets and liabilities shown as repricing or maturing during a particular time period were determined in accordance
with the earlier of (1) the term to repricing, or (2) the contractual terms of the asset or liability.
The table provides an approximation of the projected repricing of assets and liabilities at December 31, 2014
on the basis of contractual maturities, anticipated prepayments, and scheduled rate adjustments within a three-month
period and subsequent selected time intervals. For residential mortgage-related securities, prepayment rates are
forecasted at a weighted average constant prepayment rate (“CPR”) of 21% per annum; for multi-family and CRE
loans, prepayment rates are forecasted at weighted average CPRs of 22% and 17% per annum, respectively.
Borrowed funds were not assumed to prepay. Savings, NOW, and money market accounts were assumed to decay
based on a comprehensive statistical analysis that incorporated our historical deposit experience. Based on the
results of this analysis, savings accounts were assumed to decay at a rate of 56% for the first five years and 44% for
years six through ten. NOW accounts were assumed to decay at a rate of 74% for the first five years and 26% for
years six through ten. The comprehensive statistical analysis was updated in the second quarter of 2014 to
incorporate updated deposit data and modeling assumptions, and resulted in no decay rates beyond ten years. The
change in the decay assumptions was made due to the prolonged low interest rate environment and the uncertainty
regarding future depositor behavior. Including those accounts having specified repricing dates, money market
accounts were assumed to decay at a rate of 92% for the first five years and 8% for years six through ten.
Prepayment and deposit decay rates can have a significant impact on our estimated gap. While we believe our
assumptions to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that the assumed prepayment and decay rates noted above
will approximate actual future loan and securities prepayments and deposit withdrawal activity.
To validate our prepayment assumptions for our multi-family and CRE loan portfolios, we perform a monthly
analysis, during which we review our historical prepayment rates and compare them to our projected prepayment
rates. We continually review the actual prepayment rates to ensure that our projections are as accurate as possible,
since prepayments on these types of loans are not as closely correlated to changes in interest rates as prepayments on
one-to-four family loans tend to be. In addition, we review the call provisions in our borrowings and investment
portfolios and, on a monthly basis, compare the actual calls to our projected calls to ensure that our projections are
reasonable.
As of December 31, 2014, the impact of a 100-basis point decline in market interest rates would have
increased our projected prepayment rates by a constant prepayment rate of 1.63% per annum. Conversely, the
impact of a 100-basis point increase in market interest rates would have reduced our projected prepayment rates by a
constant prepayment rate of 1.77% per annum.
91
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9
Certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the preceding Interest Rate
Sensitivity Analysis. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods to
repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. The interest rates on certain types
of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of the market, while interest rates on other types may lag behind
changes in market interest rates. Additionally, certain assets, such as adjustable-rate loans, have features that restrict
changes in interest rates both on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset. Furthermore, in the event of a
change in interest rates, prepayment and early withdrawal levels would likely deviate from those assumed in
calculating the table. Also, the ability of some borrowers to repay their adjustable-rate loans may be adversely
impacted by an increase in market interest rates.
Interest rate sensitivity is also monitored through the use of a model that generates estimates of the change in
our net portfolio value (“NPV”) over a range of interest rate scenarios. NPV is defined as the net present value of
expected cash flows from assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet contracts. The NPV ratio, under any interest rate
scenario, is defined as the NPV in that scenario divided by the market value of assets in the same scenario. The
model assumes estimated loan prepayment rates, reinvestment rates, and deposit decay rates similar to those utilized
in formulating the preceding Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis.
The following table sets forth our NPV at December 31, 2014, based on the information and assumptions in
effect at that date, and assuming the changes in interest rates noted:
(dollars in thousands)
Change in
Interest Rates
(in basis points) (1)
--
+100
+200
Market Value
of Assets
$49,698,545
48,936,788
48,134,586
Market Value
of Liabilities
$43,739,738
43,277,952
42,912,955
Net Portfolio
Value
$5,958,807
5,658,836
5,221,631
Net Change
$ --
(299,971)
(737,176)
Portfolio Market
Value Projected
% Change
to Base
-- %
(5.03)
(12.37)
(1) The impact of 100- and 200-basis point reductions in interest rates is not presented in view of the current level of the federal
funds rate and other short-term interest rates.
The net changes in NPV presented in the preceding table are within the limits approved by the Boards of
Directors of the Company and the Banks.
As with the Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis, certain shortcomings are inherent in the methodology used in
the preceding interest rate risk measurements. Modeling changes in NPV requires that certain assumptions be made
which may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest
rates. In this regard, the NPV Analysis presented above assumes that the composition of our interest rate sensitive
assets and liabilities existing at the beginning of a period remains constant over the period being measured, and also
assumes that a particular change in interest rates is reflected uniformly across the yield curve, regardless of the
duration to maturity or repricing of specific assets and liabilities. Furthermore, the model does not take into account
the benefit of any strategic actions we may take to further reduce our exposure to interest rate risk. Accordingly,
while the NPV Analysis provides an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such
measurements are not intended to, and do not, provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest
rates on our net interest income, and may very well differ from actual results.
We also utilize an internal net interest income simulation to manage our sensitivity to interest rate risk. The
simulation incorporates various market-based assumptions regarding the impact of changing interest rates on future
levels of our financial assets and liabilities. The assumptions used in the net interest income simulation are
inherently uncertain. Actual results may differ significantly from those presented in the following table, due to the
frequency, timing, and magnitude of changes in interest rates; changes in spreads between maturity and repricing
categories; and prepayments, among other factors, coupled with any actions taken to counter the effects of any such
changes.
93
Based on the information and assumptions in effect at December 31, 2014, the following table reflects the
estimated percentage change in future net interest income for the next twelve months, assuming the changes in
interest rates noted:
Change in Interest Rates
(in basis points) (1)(2)
+100 over one year
+200 over one year
Estimated Percentage Change in
Future Net Interest Income
(3.68)%
(8.65)
(1) In general, short- and long-term rates are assumed to increase in parallel fashion across all four quarters and then remain
unchanged.
(2) The impact of 100- and 200-basis point reductions in interest rates is not presented in view of the current level of the federal
funds rate and other short-term interest rates.
Future changes in our mix of assets and liabilities may result in other changes to our gap, NPV, and/or net
interest income simulation.
In the event that our interest rate sensitivity gap analysis or net interest income simulation were to indicate a
variance in our NPV in excess of our internal policy limits, we would undertake the following actions to ensure that
appropriate remedial measures were put in place:
• Our Management Asset/Liability Committee (the “ALCO Committee”) would inform the Board of
Directors of the variance, and present recommendations to the Board regarding proposed courses of
action to restore conditions to within-policy tolerances.
•
In formulating appropriate strategies, the ALCO Committee would ascertain the primary causes of the
variance from policy tolerances, the expected term of such conditions, and the projected effect on capital
and earnings.
Where temporary changes in market conditions or volume levels result in significant increases in interest rate
risk, strategies may involve reducing open positions or employing synthetic hedging techniques to more
immediately reduce risk exposure. Where variance from policy tolerances is triggered by more fundamental
imbalances in the risk profiles of core loan and deposit products, a remedial strategy may involve restoring balance
through natural hedges to the extent possible before employing synthetic hedging techniques. Other strategies might
include:
• Asset restructuring, involving sales of assets having higher risk profiles, or a gradual restructuring of the
asset mix over time to affect the maturity or repricing schedule of assets;
• Liability restructuring, whereby product offerings and pricing are altered or wholesale borrowings are
employed to affect the maturity structure or repricing of liabilities;
• Expansion or shrinkage of the balance sheet to correct imbalances in the repricing or maturity periods
between assets and liabilities; and/or
• Use or alteration of off-balance sheet positions, including interest rate swaps, caps, floors, options, and
forward purchase or sales commitments.
In connection with our net interest income simulation modeling, we also evaluate the impact of changes in the
slope of the yield curve. At December 31, 2014, our analysis indicated that an immediate inversion of the yield
curve would be expected to result in a 4.42% decrease in net interest income; conversely, an immediate steepening
of the yield curve would be expected to result in a 2.36% increase.
ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Our Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto and other supplementary data begin on the following
page.
94
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
(in thousands, except share data)
ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
Securities:
Available for sale ($11,436 and $79,905 pledged, respectively)
Held-to-maturity ($4,584,886 and $4,945,905 pledged, respectively) (fair value
of $7,085,971 and $7,445,244, respectively)
Total securities
Non-covered loans held for sale
Non-covered loans held for investment, net of deferred loan fees and costs
Less: Allowance for losses on non-covered loans
Non-covered loans held for investment, net
Covered loans
Less: Allowance for losses on covered loans
Covered loans, net
Total loans, net
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
Premises and equipment, net
FDIC loss share receivable
Goodwill
Core deposit intangibles
Mortgage servicing rights
Bank-owned life insurance
Other real estate owned (includes $32,048 and $37,477, respectively, covered by
loss sharing agreements)
Other assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Deposits:
NOW and money market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Non-interest-bearing accounts
Total deposits
Borrowed funds:
Wholesale borrowings:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Repurchase agreements
Federal funds purchased
Total wholesale borrowings
Other borrowings
Total borrowed funds
Other liabilities
Total liabilities
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock at par $0.01 (5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued)
Common stock at par $0.01 (600,000,000 shares authorized; 442,659,460 and 440,873,285
shares issued, and 442,587,190 and 440,809,365 shares outstanding, respectively)
Paid-in capital in excess of par
Retained earnings
Treasury stock, at cost (72,270 and 63,920 shares, respectively)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Net unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of tax of $2,022 and $171,
respectively
Net unrealized loss on the non-credit portion of other-than-temporary impairment
(“OTTI”) losses on securities, net of tax of $3,444 and $3,586, respectively
Net unrealized loss on pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of $36,118 and
$21,126, respectively
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
95
December 31,
2014
2013
$ 564,150 $ 644,550
173,783
280,738
6,922,667
7,096,450
379,399
33,024,956
(139,857)
32,885,099
2,428,622
(45,481)
2,383,141
35,647,639
515,327
319,002
397,811
2,436,131
7,943
227,297
915,156
7,670,282
7,951,020
306,915
29,837,989
(141,946)
29,696,043
2,788,618
(64,069)
2,724,549
32,727,507
561,390
273,299
492,674
2,436,131
16,240
241,018
893,522
94,004
338,307
$48,559,217
108,869
342,067
$46,688,287
$12,549,600
7,051,622
6,420,598
2,306,914
28,328,734
$10,536,947
5,921,437
6,932,096
2,270,512
25,660,992
10,183,132
3,425,000
260,000
13,868,132
358,355
14,226,487
222,181
42,777,402
10,872,576
3,425,000
445,000
14,742,576
362,426
15,105,002
186,631
40,952,625
--
--
4,427
5,369,623
464,569
(1,118)
4,409
5,346,017
422,761
(1,032)
2,990
277
(5,387)
(5,604)
(53,289)
(55,686)
5,781,815
$48,559,217
(31,166)
(36,493)
5,735,662
$46,688,287
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)
INTEREST INCOME:
Mortgage and other loans
Securities and money market investments
Total interest income
INTEREST EXPENSE:
NOW and money market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Borrowed funds
Total interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for losses on non-covered loans
(Recovery of) provision for losses on covered loans
Net interest income after provisions for (recoveries of)
loan losses
NON-INTEREST INCOME:
Total loss on OTTI of securities
Less: Non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in other comprehensive
income (before taxes)
Net loss on OTTI recognized in earnings
Mortgage banking income
Fee income
Bank-owned life insurance
Net gain on sales of securities
FDIC indemnification (expense) income
Loss on debt redemption
Other
Total non-interest income
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE:
Operating expenses:
Compensation and benefits
Occupancy and equipment
General and administrative
Total operating expenses
Amortization of core deposit intangibles
Total non-interest expense
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale,
net of tax of $4,343; $4,765; and $8,473, respectively
Change in the non-credit portion of OTTI losses recognized in
other comprehensive income, net of tax of $142; $5,028; and $65,
respectively
Change in pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of
$14,992; $20,116; and $807, respectively
Less: Reclassification adjustment for sales of available-for-sale
securities and loss on OTTI of securities, net of tax of $2,492;
$3,578; and $801, respectively
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
Total comprehensive income, net of tax
Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
2012
$1,414,884 $1,487,662 $1,597,504
193,597
1,791,101
220,436
1,708,098
268,183
1,683,067
39,508
35,727
74,511
392,968
542,714
1,140,353
--
(18,587)
35,884
21,950
83,805
399,843
541,482
1,166,616
18,000
12,758
36,609
13,677
93,880
486,914
631,080
1,160,021
45,000
17,988
1,158,940
1,135,858
1,097,033
--
(612)
--
--
--
62,953
36,585
27,150
14,029
(14,870)
--
75,746
201,593
--
(612)
78,283
38,179
29,938
21,036
10,206
--
41,800
218,830
--
--
178,643
38,348
30,502
2,041
14,390
(2,313)
35,742
297,353
306,848
99,016
173,306
579,170
8,297
587,467
773,066
287,669
296,874
90,738
206,221
593,833
19,644
613,477
780,909
279,803
$ 485,397 $ 475,547 $ 501,106
313,196
97,252
181,330
591,778
15,784
607,562
747,126
271,579
6,407
(7,043)
12,533
217
7,921
102
(22,123)
29,628
(1,190)
(3,694)
(19,193)
(1,240)
10,205
$ 466,204 $ 500,759 $ 511,311
(5,294)
25,212
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
$1.09
$1.09
$1.08
$1.08
$1.13
$1.13
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
96
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
COMMON STOCK (Par Value: $0.01):
Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
2012
Balance at beginning of year
Shares issued for restricted stock awards (1,782,601; 1,729,950; and 1,707,286,
$ 4,409 $ 4,391 $ 4,374
respectively)
Shares issued for exercise of stock options (3,574; 9,384; and 0, respectively)
Balance at end of year
18
--
4,427
18
--
4,409
17
--
4,391
PAID-IN CAPITAL IN EXCESS OF PAR:
Balance at beginning of year
Shares issued for restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures
Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards
Stock options exercised
Tax effect of stock plans
Balance at end of year
RETAINED EARNINGS:
Balance at beginning of year
Net income
Dividends paid on common stock ($1.00 per share in each year)
Stock options exercised
Effect of adopting Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-01
Balance at end of year
TREASURY STOCK:
Balance at beginning of year
Purchase of common stock (439,437; 383,640; and 272,991 shares, respectively)
Exercise of stock options (8,990; 20,234; and 0 shares, respectively)
Shares issued for restricted stock awards (422,097; 382,471; and 271,875 shares,
respectively)
Balance at end of year
5,346,017
(7,073)
27,454
--
3,225
5,369,623
5,327,111
(5,093 )
22,247
60
1,692
5,346,017
5,309,269
(3,430)
20,683
--
589
5,327,111
422,761
485,397
(442,204)
(82)
(1,303)
464,569
387,534
475,547
(440,308 )
(12 )
--
422,761
324,967
501,106
(438,539)
--
--
387,534
(1,032)
(7,283)
142
7,055
(1,118)
(1,067 )
(5,319 )
279
5,075
(1,032 )
(996)
(3,522)
--
3,451
(1,067)
(36,493)
(19,193)
(55,686)
(71,910)
10,205
(61,705)
$5,781,815 $5,735,662 $5,656,264
(61,705 )
25,212
(36,493 )
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS, NET OF TAX:
Balance at beginning of year
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
Balance at end of year
Total stockholders’ equity
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
97
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
(Recovery of) provision for loan losses
Depreciation and amortization
Amortization of discounts and premiums, net
Amortization of core deposit intangibles
Net gain on sales of securities
Gain on sales of loans
Gain on Visa shares sold
Stock plan-related compensation
Deferred tax expense
Loss on OTTI of securities recognized in earnings
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in other assets
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities
Origination of loans held for sale
Proceeds from sale of loans originated for sale
Net cash provided by operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from repayment of securities held to maturity
Proceeds from repayment of securities available for sale
Proceeds from sale of securities held to maturity
Proceeds from sale of securities available for sale
Purchase of securities held to maturity
Purchase of securities available for sale
Proceeds from sale of Visa shares
Net redemption (purchase) of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Net increase in loans
Proceeds from sale of loans
Purchase of premises and equipment, net
Net cash used in investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net increase in deposits
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowed funds
Net decrease in long-term borrowed funds
Tax effect of stock plans
Cash dividends paid on common stock
Treasury stock purchases
Net cash received from stock option exercises
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Supplemental information:
Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for income taxes
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
2012
$ 485,397
$ 475,547 $ 501,106
(18,587)
27,792
(8,293)
8,297
(14,029)
(24,066)
(3,856)
27,454
26,151
--
105,575
(16,020)
(3,189,694)
3,316,296
722,417
775,347
9,787
139,294
333,725
(150,338)
(226,000)
3,856
46,063
(3,482,686)
478,605
(73,495)
(2,145,842)
2,667,742
(767,900)
(110,615)
3,225
(442,204)
(7,283)
60
1,343,025
(80,400)
644,550
$ 564,150
30,758
28,092
(3,600)
15,784
(21,036)
(50,885)
--
22,247
25,177
612
62,988
25,471
(2,788)
19,644
(2,041)
(193,227)
--
20,721
38,713
--
(92,089)
49,442
(6,213,592)
7,109,473
1,375,930
33,108
6,597
(10,925,837)
10,991,561
576,016
680,715
59,362
191,142
631,802
(4,029,981)
(554,239)
--
(92,245)
(2,022,625)
--
(37,242)
(5,173,311)
2,468,377
426,258
--
822,618
(3,133,279)
(932,997)
--
21,083
(1,363,967)
--
(38,761)
(1,730,668)
783,471
2,466,100
(791,289)
1,692
(440,308)
(5,319)
326
2,014,673
(1,782,708)
2,427,258
2,551,867
(312,000)
(218,222)
589
(438,539)
(3,522)
--
1,580,173
425,521
2,001,737
$ 644,550 $ 2,427,258
$553,811
247,589
$552,501
212,181
$667,905
286,550
Transfers to other real estate owned from loans
Transfer of loans from held for investment to held for sale
$ 86,545
654,758
$115,215
--
$91,441
--
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
98
NOTE 1: ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Organization
Formerly known as Queens County Bancorp, Inc., New York Community Bancorp, Inc. (on a stand-alone
basis, the “Parent Company” or, collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) was organized under Delaware
law on July 20, 1993 and is the holding company for New York Community Bank and New York Commercial Bank
(hereinafter referred to as the “Community Bank” and the “Commercial Bank,” respectively, and collectively as the
“Banks”). In addition, for the purpose of these Consolidated Financial Statements, the “Community Bank” and the
“Commercial Bank” refer not only to the respective banks but also to their respective subsidiaries.
The Community Bank is the primary banking subsidiary of the Company. Founded on April 14, 1859 and
formerly known as Queens County Savings Bank, the Community Bank converted from a state-chartered mutual
savings bank to the capital stock form of ownership on November 23, 1993, at which date the Company issued its
initial offering of common stock (par value: $0.01 per share) at a price of $25.00 per share. The Commercial Bank
was established on December 30, 2005.
Reflecting nine stock splits between September 30, 1994 and February 17, 2004, the Company’s initial
offering price adjusts to $0.93 per share. All share and per share data presented in this report reflect the impact of the
stock splits.
The Company changed its name to New York Community Bancorp, Inc. on November 21, 2000 in
anticipation of completing the first of eight business combinations that expanded its footprint well beyond Queens
County to encompass all five boroughs of New York City, Long Island, and Westchester County in New York, and
seven counties in the northern and central parts of New Jersey. The Company expanded beyond this region to south
Florida, northeast Ohio, and central Arizona through its FDIC-assisted acquisition of certain assets and its
assumption of certain liabilities of AmTrust Bank (“AmTrust”) in December 2009, and extended its Arizona
franchise through its FDIC-assisted acquisition of certain assets and its assumption of certain liabilities of Desert
Hills Bank (“Desert Hills”) in March 2010. On June 28, 2012, the Company completed its 11th transaction when it
assumed certain deposits of Aurora Bank FSB.
Reflecting its growth through acquisitions, the Community Bank currently operates 242 branches, four of
which operate directly under the Community Bank name. The remaining 238 Community Bank branches operate
through seven divisional banks: Queens County Savings Bank, Roslyn Savings Bank, Richmond County Savings
Bank, and Roosevelt Savings Bank in New York; Garden State Community Bank in New Jersey; AmTrust Bank in
Florida and Arizona; and Ohio Savings Bank in Ohio.
The Commercial Bank currently operates 30 branches in Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn, Westchester County,
and Long Island (all in New York), including 18 branches that operate under the name “Atlantic Bank.”
Basis of Presentation
The following is a description of the significant accounting and reporting policies that the Company and its
wholly-owned subsidiaries follow in preparing and presenting their consolidated financial statements, which
conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and to general practices within the banking
industry. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates
and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Estimates that are particularly susceptible to change in the near term are used in
connection with the determination of the allowances for loan losses; the valuation of mortgage servicing rights
(“MSRs”); the evaluation of goodwill for impairment; the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”)
on securities; and the evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance on the Company’s deferred tax assets.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and other entities
in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All inter-company accounts and transactions are
eliminated in consolidation. The Company currently has certain unconsolidated subsidiaries in the form of wholly-
owned statutory business trusts, which were formed to issue guaranteed capital debentures (“capital securities”).
Please see Note 8, “Borrowed Funds,” for additional information regarding these trusts.
When necessary, certain reclassifications have been made to prior-year amounts to conform to the current-year
presentation.
99
Effects of New Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update
(“ASU”) No. 2014-01, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), Accounting for Investments
in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects.” The amendments in ASU No. 2014-01 provide guidance on accounting
for investments by a reporting entity in flow-through limited liability entities that manage or invest in affordable
housing projects that qualify for a low-income housing tax credit. The amendments permit reporting entities to make
an accounting policy election to account for their investments in qualified affordable housing projects using the
proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. The Company chose to apply this new guidance for
the period beginning on January 1, 2014.
The impact of applying this new guidance included a $1.3 million reduction in the balance of retained
earnings as of January 1, 2014. The total amount of affordable housing tax credits and other tax benefits recognized
during calendar year 2014, and the related amount of amortization recognized as a component of income tax
expense for that year, were $3.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2014, the commitment
of additional anticipated equity contributions of $21.7 million relating to current investments is reflected in “Other
liabilities.” Retrospective application of the new amortization methodology would not result in a material change to
prior-period presentations.
NOTE 2: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For cash flow reporting purposes, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks,
and money market investments, which include federal funds sold and reverse repurchase agreements. At
December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents totaled $564.2 million and $644.6 million,
respectively. Included in cash and cash equivalents at those dates were $135.2 million and $208.0 million of
interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions, primarily consisting of balances due from the Federal
Reserve Bank of New York. Also included in cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were
federal funds sold of $6.8 million and $4.8 million, respectively. In addition, the Company had $250.0 million in
pledged reverse repurchase agreements outstanding at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
In accordance with the monetary policy of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the
“FRB”), the Company was required to maintain total reserves with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York of
$129.5 million and $133.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and 2013, in the form of deposits and vault
cash. The Company was in compliance with this requirement at both dates.
Securities Held to Maturity and Available for Sale
The securities portfolio primarily consists of mortgage-related securities and, to a lesser extent, debt and
equity (together, “other”) securities. Securities that are classified as “available for sale” are carried at their estimated
fair value, with any unrealized gains or losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income or
loss in stockholders’ equity. Securities that we have the intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held
to maturity” and carried at amortized cost, less the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in accumulated other
comprehensive loss, net of tax (“AOCL”).
The fair values of our securities—and particularly our fixed-rate securities—are affected by changes in market
interest rates and credit spreads. In general, as interest rates rise and/or credit spreads widen, the fair value of fixed-
rate securities will decline; as interest rates fall and/or credit spreads tighten, the fair value of fixed-rate securities
will rise. We regularly conduct a review and evaluation of our securities portfolio to determine if the decline in the
fair value of any security below its carrying amount is other than temporary. If we deem any decline in value to be
other than temporary, the security is written down to its current fair value, creating a new cost basis, and the
resultant loss (other than the OTTI on debt securities attributable to non-credit factors) is charged against earnings
and recorded in non-interest income. Our assessment of a decline in fair value includes judgment as to the financial
position and future prospects of the entity that issued the investment security, as well as a review of the security’s
underlying collateral. Broad changes in the overall market or interest rate environment generally will not lead to a
write-down.
In accordance with OTTI accounting guidance, unless we have the intent to sell, or it is more likely than not
that we may be required to sell a security before recovery, OTTI is recognized as a realized loss in earnings to the
extent that the decline in fair value is credit-related. If there is a decline in fair value of a security below its carrying
100
amount and we have the intent to sell it, or it is more likely than not that we may be required to sell the security
before recovery, the entire amount of the decline in fair value is charged to earnings.
Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized to expense and accreted to income over the remaining
period to contractual maturity, using a method that approximates the interest method, and are adjusted for
anticipated prepayments. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. The cost of securities sold is
based on the specific identification method.
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (the “FHLB-NY”), the Company is required to
hold shares of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock, which is carried at cost. The Company’s holding
requirement varies based on certain factors, primarily including its outstanding borrowings from the FHLB-NY. In
connection with the FDIC-assisted acquisitions of AmTrust and Desert Hills, the Company acquired stock in the
FHLBs of Cincinnati and San Francisco, respectively. The Company conducts a periodic review and evaluation of
its FHLB stock to determine if any impairment exists. The factors considered in this process include, among others,
significant deterioration in FHLB earnings performance, credit rating, or asset quality; significant adverse changes
in the regulatory or economic environment; and other factors that raise significant concerns about the
creditworthiness and the ability of the applicable FHLB to continue as a going concern.
Loans
Loans, net, are carried at unpaid principal balances, including unearned discounts, purchase accounting (i.e.,
acquisition-date fair value) adjustments, net deferred loan origination costs or fees, and the allowances for loan
losses.
Loans held for sale are originated through our mortgage banking operation and, to a lesser extent, the
Community Bank, and are sold primarily to government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”), with the servicing
typically retained. The loans originated by the mortgage banking operation are carried at fair value. The fair value of
held-for-sale loans is primarily based on quoted market prices for securities backed by similar types of loans. The
changes in fair value of these assets are largely driven by changes in mortgage interest rates subsequent to loan
funding, and changes in the fair value of the servicing rights associated with the mortgage loans held for sale. In
addition, loans originated as held for investment and subsequently designated as held for sale are transferred to held
for sale at fair value.
The Company recognizes interest income on non-covered loans held for investment and held for sale using the
interest method over the life of the loan. Accordingly, the Company defers certain loan origination and commitment
fees, and certain loan origination costs, and amortizes the net fee or cost as an adjustment to the loan yield over the
term of the related loan. When a loan is sold or repaid, the remaining net unamortized fee or cost is recognized in
interest income.
Prepayment penalty income is recorded in interest income and only when cash is received. Accordingly, there
are no assumptions involved in the recognition of prepayment penalty income.
Two factors are considered in determining the amount of prepayment penalty income: the prepayment penalty
percentage set forth in the loan documents, and the principal balance of the loan at the time of prepayment. The
volume of loans prepaying may vary from one period to another, often in connection with actual or perceived
changes in the direction of market interest rates. In a low interest rate environment, or when interest rates are
declining, prepayment penalties may increase as more borrowers opt to refinance. In a rising interest rate
environment, or when rates are perceived to be rising, prepayment penalties may increase as borrowers seek to lock
in current rates prior to further increases.
A loan generally is classified as a “non-accrual” loan when it is 90 days or more past due or when the
Company no longer expects to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.
When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, management ceases the accrual of interest owed, and previously
accrued interest is charged against interest income. A loan is generally returned to accrual status when the loan is
current and management has reasonable assurance that the loan will be fully collectible. Interest income on non-
accrual loans is recorded when received in cash.
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Allowances for Loan Losses
Allowance for Losses on Non-Covered Loans
The allowance for losses on non-covered loans is increased by provisions for non-covered loan losses that are
charged against earnings, and is reduced by net charge-offs and/or reversals, if any, that are credited to earnings.
Although non-covered loans are held by either the Community Bank or the Commercial Bank, and a separate loan
loss allowance is established for each, the total of the two allowances is available to cover all losses incurred. In
addition, except as otherwise noted in the following discussion, the process for establishing the allowance for losses
on non-covered loans is largely the same for each of the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank.
The methodology used for the allocation of the allowance for non-covered loan losses at December 31, 2014,
2013, and 2012 was also generally comparable, whereby the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank segregated
their loss factors (used for both criticized and non-criticized loans) into a component that was primarily based on
historical loss rates and a component that was primarily based on other qualitative factors that are probable to affect
loan collectability. In determining the respective allowances for non-covered loan losses, management considers the
Community Bank’s and the Commercial Bank’s current business strategies and credit processes, including
compliance with applicable regulatory guidelines and with guidelines approved by the respective Boards of
Directors with regard to credit limitations, loan approvals, underwriting criteria, and loan workout procedures.
The allowance for losses on non-covered loans is established based on management’s evaluation of incurred
losses in the portfolio in accordance with GAAP, and is comprised of both specific valuation allowances and general
valuation allowances.
Specific valuation allowances are established based on management’s analyses of individual loans that are
considered impaired. If a non-covered loan is deemed to be impaired, management measures the extent of the
impairment and establishes a specific valuation allowance for that amount. A non-covered loan is classified as
“impaired” when, based on current information and/or events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to
collect both the principal and interest due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The Company applies
this classification as necessary to non-covered loans individually evaluated for impairment in its portfolios. Smaller-
balance homogenous loans and loans carried at the lower of cost or fair value are evaluated for impairment on a
collective, rather than individual, basis. Loans to certain borrowers who have experienced financial difficulty and for
which the terms have been modified, resulting in a concession, are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”)
and are classified as impaired.
Management generally measures impairment on an individual loan and determines the extent to which a
specific valuation allowance is necessary by comparing the loan’s outstanding balance to either the fair value of the
collateral, less the estimated cost to sell, or the present value of expected cash flows, discounted at the loan’s
effective interest rate. Generally, when the fair value of the collateral, net of the estimated costs to sell, or the
present value of the expected cash flows is less than the recorded investment in the loan, any shortfall is promptly
charged off.
Management also follows a process to assign general valuation allowances to non-covered loan categories.
General valuation allowances are established by applying management’s loan loss provisioning methodology, and
reflect the inherent risk in outstanding held-for-investment loans. This loan loss provisioning methodology considers
various factors in determining the appropriate quantified risk factors to use to determine the general valuation
allowances.
The factors assessed begin with the historical loan loss experience for each major loan category.
Management’s allowance for loan losses methodology also considers an estimate of the historical loss emergence
period (which is the period of time between the event that triggers a loss and the confirmation and/or charge-off of
that loss) for each loan portfolio segment. During 2014, this methodology was enhanced by estimating the loss
emergence period using a more granular segmentation approach.
The allocation methodology consists of the following components: First, management determines an
allowance for loan losses based on a quantitative loss factor for loans evaluated collectively for impairment. This
quantitative loss factor is based primarily on historical loss rates, after considering loan type, historical loss and
delinquency experience, and loss emergence periods. The quantitative loss factors applied in the methodology are
periodically re-evaluated and adjusted to reflect changes in historical loss levels, loss emergence periods, or other
risks. Lastly, management allocates an allowance for loan losses to qualitative loss factors. These qualitative loss
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factors are designed to account for losses that may not be provided for by the quantitative loss component due to
other factors evaluated by management which, include, but are not limited to:
• Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection,
charge-off, and recovery practices;
• Changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and
developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio, including the condition of various market
segments;
• Changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans;
• Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accrual loans, and the volume
and severity of adversely classified or graded loans;
• Changes in the quality of the Company’s loan review system;
• Changes in the value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans;
• The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations;
• Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; and
• The effect of other external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements, on the
level of estimated credit losses in the existing portfolio.
By considering the factors discussed above, management determines an allowance for non-covered loan loss
that is applied to each significant loan portfolio segment to determine the total allowance for losses on non-covered
loans.
In 2014, management changed the historical loss period used to determine the allowance for loan losses on
non-covered loans to a rolling 16-quarter look-back, as it believes this to be a more appropriate reflection of the
Company’s historical loss experience. This change has not had a significant effect on the allowance for losses on
non-covered loans, nor is it expected to do so.
The process of establishing the allowance for losses on non-covered loans also involves:
• Periodic inspections of the loan collateral by qualified in-house and external property appraisers and/or
inspectors, as applicable;
• Regular meetings of executive management with the pertinent Board committee, during which observable
trends in the local economy and/or the real estate market are discussed;
• Assessment of the aforementioned factors by the pertinent members of the Boards of Directors and
management when making a business judgment regarding the impact of anticipated changes on the future
level of loan losses; and
• Analysis of the portfolio in the aggregate, as well as on an individual loan basis, taking into consideration
payment history, underwriting analyses, and internal risk ratings.
In order to determine their overall adequacy, each of the respective non-covered loan loss allowances is
reviewed quarterly by management and the Board of Directors of the Community Bank or the Commercial Bank, as
applicable.
Loans, or portions of loans, are charged off in the period that such loans, or portions thereof, are deemed
uncollectible. The collectability of individual loans is determined through an assessment of the financial condition
and repayment capacity of the borrower and/or through an estimate of the fair value of any underlying collateral. For
non-real estate-related consumer credits, the following past-due time periods determine when charge-offs are
typically recorded: (1) Closed-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 120 days past due;
(2) Open-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 180 days past due; and (3) Both closed-end
and open-end credits are typically charged off in the quarter that the credit is 60 days past the date the Company
received notification that the borrower has filed for bankruptcy.
The level of future additions to the respective non-covered loan loss allowances is based on many factors,
including certain factors that are beyond management’s control. These include changes in economic and local
market conditions, including declines in real estate values, and increases in vacancy rates and unemployment.
Management uses the best available information to recognize losses on loans or to make additions to the loan loss
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allowances; however, the Community Bank and/or the Commercial Bank may be required to take certain charge-
offs and/or recognize further additions to their loan loss allowances, based on the judgment of regulatory agencies
with regard to information provided to them during their examinations of the Banks.
An allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained separate from the allowances for non-covered loan
losses and is included in “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.
Allowance for Losses on Covered Loans
The Company has elected to account for the loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions (the
“covered loans”) based on expected cash flows. This election is in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards
Codification (“ASC”) Topic 310-30, “Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality” (“ASC
310-30”). In accordance with ASC 310-30, the Company maintains the integrity of a pool of multiple loans
accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows.
Covered loans are reported exclusive of the FDIC loss share receivable. The covered loans acquired in the
AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions are, and will continue to be, reviewed for collectability based on the
expectations of cash flows from these loans. Covered loans have been aggregated into pools of loans with common
characteristics. In determining the allowance for losses on covered loans, the Company periodically performs an
analysis to estimate the expected cash flows for each of the loan pools. A provision for losses on covered loans is
recorded to the extent that the expected cash flows from a loan pool have decreased for credit-related items since the
acquisition date. Accordingly, during the loss share recovery period, if there is a decrease in expected cash flows due
to an increase in estimated credit losses compared to the estimates made at the respective acquisition dates, the
decrease in the present value of expected cash flows will be recorded as a provision for covered loan losses charged
to earnings, and the allowance for covered loan losses will be increased. During the loss share recovery period, a
related credit to non-interest income and an increase in the FDIC loss share receivable will be recognized at the
same time, and will be measured based on the applicable loss sharing agreement percentage.
Please see Note 6, “Allowances for Loan Losses” for a further discussion of the allowance for losses on
covered loans, as well as additional information about the allowance for losses on non-covered loans.
FDIC Loss Share Receivable
The FDIC loss share receivable is initially recorded at fair value and is measured separately from the covered
loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions as it is not contractually embedded in any of the covered
loans. The loss share receivable related to estimated future loan losses is not transferable should the Company sell a
loan prior to foreclosure or maturity. The loss share receivable represents the present value of the estimated cash
payments expected to be received from the FDIC for future losses on covered assets, based on the credit adjustment
estimated for each covered asset and the loss sharing percentages. These cash flows are then discounted at a market-
based rate to reflect the uncertainty of the timing and receipt of the loss sharing reimbursements from the FDIC. The
amount ultimately collected for this asset is dependent upon the performance of the underlying covered assets, the
passage of time, and claims submitted to the FDIC.
The FDIC loss share receivable is reduced as losses are recognized on covered loans and loss sharing
payments are received from the FDIC. Realized losses in excess of acquisition-date estimates will result in an
increase in the FDIC loss share receivable. Conversely, if realized losses are less than the acquisition-date estimates,
the FDIC loss share receivable will be reduced.
Decreases in estimated reimbursements from the FDIC, if any, are recognized in income prospectively over
the life of the related covered loans (or, if shorter, over the remaining term of the related loss sharing agreement).
Related additions to the accretable yield on the covered loans are recognized in income prospectively over the lives
of the loans. Increases in estimated reimbursements will be recognized in interest income in the same period that
they are identified, and an allowance for loan losses for the related loans recorded.
Goodwill Impairment
Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite useful life and is tested for impairment, rather than amortized, at
the reporting unit level at least once a year. We performed our annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31,
2014 and found no indication of goodwill impairment at that date. In addition to being tested annually, goodwill
would be tested in less than one year’s time if there were a “triggering event.” During the year ended December 31,
2014, no triggering events were identified.
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The goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. However, a company can, under ASU No. 2011-08,
“Testing Goodwill for Impairment,” first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform
the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under this amendment, an entity would not be required to
calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determined, based on a qualitative assessment, that it was
more likely than not that its fair value was less than its carrying amount. The Company did not elect to perform a
qualitative assessment of its goodwill in 2014. The first step (“Step 1”) is used to identify potential impairment, and
involves comparing each reporting segment’s estimated fair value to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the
estimated fair value of a reporting segment exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered to be impaired.
If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value, there is an indication of potential impairment and the second
step (“Step 2”) is performed to measure the amount.
Step 2 involves calculating an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting segment for which impairment
was indicated in Step 1. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in a manner similar to the amount of
goodwill calculated in a business combination, i.e., by measuring the excess of the estimated fair value of the
reporting segment, as determined in Step 1, over the aggregate estimated fair values of the individual assets,
liabilities, and identifiable intangibles, as if the reporting segment were being acquired in a business combination at
the impairment test date. If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to
the reporting segment, there is no impairment. If the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting segment
exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess. An impairment loss
cannot exceed the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting segment, and the loss establishes a new basis
in the goodwill. Subsequent reversal of goodwill impairment losses is not permitted.
Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are used as the basis for
measurement, when available. Other acceptable valuation methods include present-value measurements based on
multiples of earnings or revenues, or similar performance measures. Differences in the identification of reporting
units and in valuation techniques could result in materially different evaluations of impairment.
For the purpose of goodwill impairment testing, management has determined that the Company has two
reporting segments: Banking Operations and Residential Mortgage Banking. All of our recorded goodwill has
resulted from prior acquisitions and, accordingly, is attributed to Banking Operations. There is no goodwill
associated with Residential Mortgage Banking, as this segment was acquired in our FDIC-assisted AmTrust
acquisition, which resulted in a bargain purchase gain. In order to perform our annual goodwill impairment test, we
determined the carrying value of the Banking Operations segment to be the carrying value of the Company and
compared it to the fair value of the Company.
Core Deposit Intangibles
Core deposit intangible (“CDI”) is a measure of the value of checking and savings deposits acquired in a
business combination. The fair value of the CDI stemming from any given business combination is based on the
present value of the expected cost savings attributable to the core deposit funding, relative to an alternative funding
source. CDI is amortized over the estimated useful lives of the existing deposit relationships acquired, but does not
exceed 10 years. The Company evaluates such identifiable intangibles for impairment when an indication of
impairment exists. No impairment charges were required to be recorded in 2014, 2013, or 2012. If an impairment
loss is determined to exist in the future, the loss will be reflected as an expense in the Consolidated Statement of
Income and Comprehensive Income for the period in which such impairment is identified.
Premises and Equipment, Net
Premises, furniture, fixtures, and equipment are carried at cost, less the accumulated depreciation computed on
a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets (generally 20 years for premises and three
to ten years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment). Leasehold improvements are carried at cost less the accumulated
amortization computed on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the related lease term or the estimated useful life
of the improvement.
Depreciation and amortization are included in “Occupancy and equipment expense” in the Consolidated
Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, and amounted to $27.8 million, $28.1 million, and $25.5 million,
respectively, in the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.
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Mortgage Servicing Rights
The Company recognizes the right to service mortgage loans for others as a separate asset referred to as an
MSR. MSRs are generally recognized when one-to-four family loans are sold or securitized, servicing retained. The
Company initially records, and subsequently carries, MSRs at fair value. At December 31, 2014, the Company had
one class of MSRs, residential MSRs.
The Company bases the fair value of its MSRs on the present value of estimated future net servicing income
cash flows utilizing an internal valuation model. This model utilizes assumptions that market participants would use
to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, refinance rates,
servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income. The Company
reassesses, and periodically adjusts, the underlying inputs and changes in the assumptions to reflect market
conditions and assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing the MSRs.
Changes in the fair value of MSRs primarily occur in connection with the collection/realization of expected
cash flows, as well as changes in the valuation inputs and assumptions. Changes in the fair value of MSRs are
reported in “Non-interest income” as a component of mortgage banking income in the period during which such
changes occur.
Prior to December 31, 2014, the Company also had securitized MSRs. (Please see Note 11, “Intangible
Assets,” for additional information regarding securitized MSRs.)
Offsetting Derivative Positions
In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, the Company takes into account the impact of
collateral and master netting agreements that allow it to settle all derivative contracts held with a single counterparty
on a net basis, and to offset the net derivative position with the related collateral when recognizing derivative assets
and liabilities. As a result, the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition reflect derivative contracts with
negative fair values that are included in derivative assets, and contracts with positive fair values that are included in
derivative liabilities, on a net basis.
Bank-Owned Life Insurance
The Company has purchased life insurance policies on certain employees. These bank-owned life insurance
(“BOLI”) policies are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Condition at their cash surrender value. Income
from these policies and changes in the cash surrender value are recorded in “Non-interest income” in the
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company’s
investment in BOLI was $915.2 million and $893.5 million, respectively. There were no additional purchases of
BOLI during the years ended December 31, 2014 or 2013. The Company’s investment in BOLI generated income of
$27.2 million, $29.9 million, and $30.5 million, respectively, during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and
2012.
Other Real Estate Owned
Real estate properties acquired through, or in lieu of, foreclosure are sold or rented, and are reported at the
lower of cost (i.e., the unpaid balance of the loan at the acquisition date plus the expenses incurred to bring the
property to a saleable condition, when appropriate) or fair value, less the estimated selling costs, at the date of
acquisition. Following foreclosure, management periodically performs a valuation of the property, and the real estate
is carried at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value, less the estimated selling costs. Expenses and revenues
from operations and changes in valuation, if any, are included in “General and administrative” expense in the
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company
had other real estate owned (“OREO”) of $94.0 million and $108.9 million, respectively. The respective amounts
include OREO of $32.0 million and $37.5 million that is covered under the Company’s FDIC loss sharing
agreements.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense consists of income taxes that are currently payable and deferred income taxes. Deferred
income tax expense is determined by recognizing deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences
attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and
liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates that
are expected to apply to taxable income in years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered
or settled. The Company assesses the deferred tax assets and establishes a valuation allowance when realization of a
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deferred asset is not considered to be “more likely than not.” The Company considers its expectation of future
taxable income in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance.
The Company estimates income taxes payable based on the amount it expects to owe the various tax
authorities (i.e., federal, state, and local). Income taxes represent the net estimated amount due to, or to be received
from, such tax authorities. In estimating income taxes, management assesses the relative merits and risks of the
appropriate tax treatment of transactions, taking into account statutory, judicial, and regulatory guidance in the
context of the Company’s tax position. In this process, management also relies on tax opinions, recent audits, and
historical experience. Although the Company uses the best available information to record income taxes, underlying
estimates and assumptions can change over time as a result of unanticipated events or circumstances such as changes
in tax laws and judicial guidance influencing its overall tax position.
Stock Incentives
Under the New York Community Bancorp, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2012 Stock Incentive Plan”),
which was approved by the Company’s shareholders at its Annual Meeting on June 7, 2012, shares are available for
grant as restricted stock or other forms of related rights.
At December 31, 2014, the Company had 14,480,253 shares available for grant under the 2012 Stock
Incentive Plan, including 1,030,673 shares that were transferred from the New York Community Bancorp, Inc. 2006
Stock Incentive Plan (the “2006 Stock Incentive Plan”), which was approved by the Company’s shareholders at its
Annual Meeting on June 7, 2006 and reapproved at its Annual Meeting on June 2, 2011. Compensation cost related
to restricted stock grants is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. For a more detailed discussion
of the Company’s stock-based compensation, please see Note 13, “Stock-Related Benefit Plans.”
Retirement Plans
The Company’s pension benefit obligations and post-retirement health and welfare benefit obligations, and the
related costs, are calculated using actuarial concepts in accordance with GAAP. The measurement of such
obligations and expenses requires that certain assumptions be made regarding several factors, most notably
including the discount rate and the expected return on plan assets. The Company evaluates these critical assumptions
on an annual basis. Other factors considered by the Company in its evaluation include retirement patterns, mortality,
turnover, and the rate of compensation increase.
Under GAAP, actuarial gains and losses, prior service costs or credits, and any remaining transition assets or
obligations that have not been recognized under previous accounting standards must be recognized in AOCL until
they are amortized as a component of net periodic benefit cost.
Earnings per Share (Basic and Diluted)
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed using the same method as basic EPS,
however, the computation reflects the potential dilution that would occur if outstanding in-the-money stock options
were exercised and converted into common stock.
Unvested stock-based compensation awards containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends are considered
participating securities, and therefore are included in the two-class method for calculating EPS. Under the two-class
method, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to common shares and participating securities
based on their respective rights to receive dividends. The Company grants restricted stock to certain employees
under its stock-based compensation plans. Recipients receive cash dividends during the vesting periods of these
awards, including on the unvested portion of such awards. Since these dividends are non-forfeitable, the unvested
awards are considered participating securities and therefore have earnings allocated to them.
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The following table presents the Company’s computation of basic and diluted EPS for the years ended
December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012:
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Net income
Less: Dividends paid on and earnings allocated to participating
securities
Earnings applicable to common stock
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic earnings per common share
Years Ended December 31,
2013
$475,547
2014
$485,397
2012
$501,106
(3,425)
$481,972
(3,008)
$472,539
(4,702)
$496,404
440,988,102 439,251,238 437,706,702
$1.13
$1.09
$1.08
Earnings applicable to common stock
$481,972
$472,539
$496,404
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Potential dilutive common shares (1)
Total shares for diluted earnings per share computation
Diluted earnings per common share and common share equivalents
440,988,102 439,251,238 437,706,702
5,540
440,988,102 439,251,238 437,712,242
$1.13
$1.09
$1.08
--
--
(1) Options to purchase 58,560 shares, 60,300 shares, and 2,542,277 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock that
were outstanding as of December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, at respective weighted average exercise prices of $18.04,
$17.99, and $16.86, were excluded from the respective computations of diluted EPS because their inclusion would have had
an antidilutive effect.
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-11, “Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860)—Repurchase-to-
Maturity Transactions, Repurchase Financings, and Disclosures.” The amendments in ASU No. 2014-11 require that
repurchase-to-maturity transactions be accounted for as secured borrowings consistent with the accounting for other
repurchase agreements. In addition, the amendments require separate accounting for a transfer of a financial asset
executed contemporaneously with a repurchase agreement with the same counterparty (a repurchase financing),
which will result in secured borrowing accounting for the repurchase agreement. The amendments require an entity
to disclose information about transfers accounted for as sales in transactions that are economically similar to
repurchase agreements, in which the transferor retains substantially all of the exposure to the economic return on the
transferred financial asset throughout the term of the transaction. In addition, the amendments require disclosure of
the types of collateral pledged in repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions, and repurchase-to-maturity
transactions, and the tenor of those transactions. The accounting changes in ASU No. 2014-11 are effective for the
first interim or annual period beginning after December 15, 2014. The disclosure for certain transactions accounted
for as sales is required to be presented for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014, and the
disclosure for repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions, and repurchase-to-maturity transactions
accounted for as secured borrowings is required to be presented for annual periods beginning after December 15,
2014, and for interim periods beginning after March 15, 2015. The adoption of ASU No. 2014-11 is not expected to
have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated statement of condition or results of operations.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).”
The amendments in ASU No. 2014-09 create Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” and supersede
the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” including most industry-specific
revenue recognition guidance throughout the Industry Topics of the Codification. In addition, the amendments
supersede the cost guidance in Subtopic 605-35, “Revenue Recognition—Construction-Type and Production-Type
Contracts,” and create new Subtopic 340-40, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs—Contracts with Customers.” In
summary, the core principle of Topic 606 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised
goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled
in exchange for those goods or services. ASU No. 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early application is not permitted. The
Company is in the process of evaluating the effects the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 may have on the Company’s
consolidated statement of condition or results of operations.
In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-01, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures
(Topic 323), Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects.” The amendments in ASU
No. 2014-01 provide guidance on accounting for investments by a reporting entity in flow-through limited liability
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entities that manage or invest in affordable housing projects that qualify for low-income housing tax credits. The
amendments permit reporting entities to make an accounting policy election to account for their investments in
qualified affordable housing projects using the proportional amortization method, if certain conditions are met. ASU
No. 2014-01 is effective for annual periods, and interim reporting periods within those annual periods, beginning
after December 15, 2014, with early adoption permitted; it should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented.
The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-01 on January 1, 2014. ASU No. 2014-01 calls for additional disclosures that
will enable the reader to understand the nature of the investment and the effect of its measurement and related tax
credits on a company’s financial condition and results of operations. Please see Note 9, “Federal, State, and Local
Taxes” for the presentation of such disclosures.
In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-04, “Receivables – Troubled Debt Restructurings by
Creditors (Subtopic 310-40), Reclassification of Residential Real Estate-Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans
upon Foreclosure.” The amendments in ASU No. 2014-04 clarify when an in-substance repossession or foreclosure
occurs, i.e., when a creditor should be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate
property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan such that the loan receivable should be derecognized and the real
estate property recognized. ASU No. 2014-04 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those
annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2014. The adoption of ASU No. 2014-04 is not expected to have a
material effect on the Company’s consolidated statement of condition or results of operations.
NOTE 3: RECLASSIFICATIONS OUT OF ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands)
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
Details about
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan
items:
Prior-service costs
Actuarial losses
Total reclassifications for the period
Amount Reclassified
from Accumulated
Other Comprehensive
Loss (1)
$ 6,186
(2,492)
$ 3,694
Affected Line Item in the
Consolidated Statement of Income
and Comprehensive Income
Net gain on sales of securities
Tax expense
Net gain on sales of securities, net of tax
Included in the computation of net
periodic (credit) expense (2)
Included in the computation of net
periodic (credit) expense (2)
Total before tax
Tax benefit
Amortization of defined benefit pension
plan items, net of tax
$
249
(3,763)
(3,514)
1,419
$(2,095)
$ 1,599
(1) Amounts in parentheses indicate expense items.
(2) Please see Note 12, “Employee Benefits,” for additional information.
109
NOTE 4: SECURITIES
The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of securities available for sale at December 31, 2014
and 2013:
(in thousands)
Mortgage-Related Securities:
GSE(1) certificates
GSE CMOs(2)
Private label CMOs
Total mortgage-related securities
Other Securities:
Municipal bonds
Capital trust notes
Preferred stock
Common stock
Total other securities
Total securities available for sale
(1) Government-sponsored enterprise.
(2) Collateralized mortgage obligations.
December 31, 2014
Gross
Unrealized
Gain
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair Value
$ 1,350
--
--
$ 1,350
$ 101
31
5,246
748
$ 6,126
$ 7,476
$
$
--
--
--
--
$
--
1,980
440
43
$ 2,463
$ 2,463
$ 19,700
--
--
$ 19,700
$
942
11,482
123,011
18,648
$154,083
$173,783
Amortized
Cost
$ 18,350
--
--
$ 18,350
$
841
13,431
118,205
17,943
$ 150,420
$ 168,770
As of December 31, 2014, the fair value of marketable equity securities included corporate preferred stock of
$123.0 million and common stock of $18.6 million, with the latter primarily consisting of mutual funds that are
Community Reinvestment Act-qualified investments.
(in thousands)
Mortgage-Related Securities:
GSE certificates
GSE CMOs
Private label CMOs
Total mortgage-related securities
Other Securities:
Municipal bonds
Capital trust notes
Preferred stock
Common stock
Total other securities
Total securities available for sale
December 31, 2013
Gross
Unrealized
Gain
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair Value
$ 1,442
598
--
$ 2,040
$
69
60
1,936
4,093
$ 6,158
$ 8,198
$
1
1,861
12
$ 1,874
$
--
1,681
3,902
293
$ 5,876
$ 7,750
$ 25,200
60,819
10,202
$ 96,221
$
1,026
11,798
116,239
55,454
$184,517
$280,738
Amortized
Cost
$ 23,759
62,082
10,214
$ 96,055
$
957
13,419
118,205
51,654
$184,235
$280,290
110
The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of securities held to maturity at December 31, 2014
and 2013:
(in thousands)
Mortgage-Related Securities:
GSE certificates
GSE CMOs
Total mortgage-related securities
Other Securities:
GSE debentures
Corporate bonds
Municipal bonds
Capital trust notes
Total other securities
Total securities held to maturity (1)
Amortized
Cost
Carrying
Amount
$2,468,791
1,610,243
$4,079,034
$2,468,791
1,610,243
$4,079,034
$2,635,989
73,317
58,682
84,476
$2,852,464
$6,931,498
$2,635,989
73,317
58,682
75,645
$2,843,633
$6,922,667
December 31, 2014
Gross
Unrealized
Gain
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
$ 106,414
65,075
$ 171,489
$ 24,173
12,113
--
5,193
$ 41,479
$ 212,968
$ 3,838
711
$ 4,549
$32,920
--
1,027
11,168
$45,115
$49,664
Fair Value
$2,571,367
1,674,607
$4,245,974
$2,627,242
85,430
57,655
69,670
$2,839,997
$7,085,971
(1) Held-to-maturity securities are reported at a carrying amount equal to amortized cost less the non-credit portion of OTTI
recorded in AOCL. At December 31, 2014, the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in AOCL was $8.8 million (before
taxes).
(in thousands)
Mortgage-Related Securities:
GSE certificates
GSE CMOs
Total mortgage-related securities
Other Securities:
GSE debentures
Corporate bonds
Municipal bonds
Capital trust notes
Total other securities
Total securities held to maturity (1)
Amortized
Cost
Carrying
Amount
$2,529,102
1,878,885
$4,407,987
$2,529,102
1,878,885
$4,407,987
$3,053,253
72,899
60,462
84,871
$3,271,485
$7,679,472
$3,053,253
72,899
60,462
75,681
$3,262,295
$7,670,282
December 31, 2013
Gross
Unrealized
Gain
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair Value
$30,145
29,330
$59,475
$ 6,512
11,063
19
3,134
$20,728
$80,203
$ 61,280
22,520
$ 83,800
$2,497,967
1,885,695
$4,383,662
$ 208,506
--
3,849
9,086
$ 221,441
$ 305,241
$2,851,259
83,962
56,632
69,729
$3,061,582
$7,445,244
(1) Held-to-maturity securities are reported at a carrying amount equal to amortized cost less the non-credit portion of OTTI
recorded in AOCL. At December 31, 2013, the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in AOCL was $9.2 million (before
taxes).
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, the Company had $515.3 million and $561.4 million of FHLB
stock, at cost, primarily consisting of stock in the FHLB-NY. The Company is required to maintain an investment in
FHLB-NY stock in order to have access to the funding it provides.
The following table summarizes the gross proceeds, gross realized gains, and gross realized losses from the
sale of available-for-sale securities during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:
(in thousands)
Gross proceeds
Gross realized gains
Gross realized losses
December 31,
2013
2014
$333,725 $631,802
9,529
45
6,186
--
2012
$822,618
2,041
--
In addition, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, the Company sold held-to-maturity
securities with gross proceeds of $139.3 million and realized gains of $7.8 million. During the twelve months ended
December 31, 2013, the Company sold held-to-maturity securities with gross proceeds of $191.1 million and
realized gains of $11.6 million. All of the held-to-maturity securities sold in 2014 and 2013 were securities on which
the Company had collected a substantial portion (at least 85%) of the initial principal balance.
111
In the following table, the beginning balance represents the credit loss component for debt securities on which
OTTI occurred prior to January 1, 2014. For credit-impaired debt securities, OTTI recognized in earnings after that
date is presented as an addition in two components, based upon whether the current period is the first time a debt
security was credit-impaired (initial credit impairment) or is not the first time a debt security was credit-impaired
(subsequent credit impairment).
(in thousands)
Beginning credit loss amount as of December 31, 2013
Add: Initial other-than-temporary credit losses
Subsequent other-than-temporary credit losses
Amount previously recognized in AOCL
Less: Realized losses for securities sold
Securities intended or required to be sold
Increases in expected cash flows on debt securities
Ending credit loss amount as of December 31, 2014
For the Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2014
$216,334
--
--
--
--
--
17,326
$199,008
112
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An OTTI loss on impaired securities must be fully recognized in earnings if an investor has the intent to sell
the debt security, or if it is more likely than not that the investor will be required to sell the debt security before
recovery of its amortized cost. However, even if an investor does not expect to sell a debt security, it must evaluate
the expected cash flows to be received and determine if a credit loss has occurred. In the event that a credit loss
occurs, only the amount of impairment associated with the credit loss is recognized in earnings. Amounts relating to
factors other than credit losses are recorded in AOCL. FASB guidance also requires additional disclosures regarding
the calculation of credit losses, as well as factors considered by the investor in reaching a conclusion that an
investment is not other-than-temporarily impaired.
Securities in unrealized loss positions are analyzed as part of the Company’s ongoing assessment of OTTI.
When the Company intends to sell such securities, the Company recognizes an impairment loss equal to the full
difference between the amortized cost basis and the fair value of those securities. When the Company does not
intend to sell equity or debt securities in an unrealized loss position, potential OTTI is considered based on a variety
of factors, including the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than the cost; adverse
conditions specifically related to the industry, the geographic area, or financial condition of the issuer, or the
underlying collateral of a security; the payment structure of the security; changes to the rating of the security by a
rating agency; the volatility of the fair value changes; and changes in fair value of the security after the balance sheet
date. For debt securities, the Company estimates cash flows over the remaining life of the underlying collateral to
assess whether credit losses exist and, where applicable, to determine if any adverse changes in cash flows have
occurred. The Company’s cash flow estimates take into account expectations of relevant market and economic data
as of the end of the reporting period. As of December 31, 2014, the Company did not intend to sell its securities with
an unrealized loss position, and it was more likely than not that the Company would not be required to sell these
securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. The Company believes that the securities with an unrealized
loss position were not other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2014.
Other factors considered in determining whether or not an impairment is temporary include the severity of the
impairment; the cause of the impairment; the near-term prospects of the issuer; and the forecasted recovery period
using current estimates of volatility in market interest rates (including liquidity and risk premiums).
Management’s assertion regarding its intent not to sell, or that it is not more likely than not that the Company
will be required to sell a security before its anticipated recovery, is based on a number of factors, including a
quantitative estimate of the expected recovery period (which may extend to maturity), and management’s intended
strategy with respect to the identified security or portfolio. If management does have the intent to sell, or believes it
is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery, the
unrealized loss is charged directly to earnings in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income.
The unrealized losses on the Company’s GSE mortgage-related securities, GSE municipal bonds, and GSE
debentures at December 31, 2014 were primarily caused by movements in market interest rates and spread volatility,
rather than credit risk. It is expected that these securities will not be settled at a price that is less than the amortized
cost of the Company’s investment. Because the Company does not have the intent to sell the investments, and it is
not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell them before the anticipated recovery of fair value,
which may be at maturity, the Company did not consider these investments to be other than temporarily impaired at
December 31, 2014.
The Company reviews quarterly financial information related to its investments in municipal bonds and
capital trust notes, as well as other information that is released by each of the issuers of such bonds and notes, to
determine their continued creditworthiness. The contractual terms of these investments do not permit settling the
securities at prices that are less than the amortized costs of the investments; therefore, the Company expects that
these investments will not be settled at prices that are less than their amortized costs. The Company continues to
monitor these investments and currently estimates that the present value of expected cash flows is not less than the
amortized cost of the securities. Because the Company does not have the intent to sell the investments, and it is not
more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell them before the anticipated recovery of fair value,
which may be at maturity, it did not consider these investments to be other than temporarily impaired at
December 31, 2014. It is possible that these securities will perform worse than is currently expected, which could
lead to adverse changes in cash flows from these securities and potential OTTI losses in the future. Future events
that could trigger material unrecoverable declines in the fair values of the Company’s investments, and thus result in
potential OTTI losses, include, but are not limited to, government intervention; deteriorating asset quality and credit
metrics; significantly higher levels of default and loan loss provisions; losses in value on the underlying collateral;
deteriorating credit enhancement; net operating losses; and illiquidity in the financial markets.
116
At December 31, 2014, the Company’s equity securities portfolio consisted of perpetual preferred stock,
common stock, and mutual funds. The Company considers a decline in the fair value of available-for-sale equity
securities to be other than temporary if the Company does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the
security. The unrealized losses on the Company’s equity securities at December 31, 2014 were primarily caused by
market volatility. The Company evaluated the near-term prospects of a recovery of fair value for each security in the
portfolio, together with the severity and duration of impairment to date. Based on this evaluation, and its ability and
intent to hold these investments for a reasonably sufficient period of time to realize a near-term forecasted recovery
of fair value, the Company did not consider these investments to be other than temporarily impaired at
December 31, 2014. Nonetheless, it is possible that these equity securities will perform worse than is currently
expected, which could lead to adverse changes in their fair values, or the failure of the securities to fully recover in
value as presently forecasted by management. This potentially would cause the Company to record OTTI losses in
future periods. Events that could trigger material declines in the fair values of these securities include, but are not
limited to, deterioration in the equity markets; a decline in the quality of the loan portfolios of the issuers in which
the Company has invested; and the recording of higher loan loss provisions and net operating losses by such issuers.
The investment securities designated as having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more at
December 31, 2014 consisted of sixteen agency mortgage-backed securities, seventeen GSE debt securities, three
GSE CMOs, five capital trust notes, two GSE municipal bonds, and one preferred stock security. At December 31,
2013, the investment securities designated as having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more consisted
of six capital trust notes and one mortgage-backed security. At December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the
combined market value of the respective securities represented unrealized losses of $51.6 million and $10.7 million.
At December 31, 2014, the fair value of securities having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more was
1.9% below the collective amortized cost of $2.7 billion. At December 31, 2013, the fair value of such securities
was 19.9% below the collective amortized cost of $53.7 million.
NOTE 5: LOANS
The following table sets forth the composition of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(dollars in thousands)
Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment:
Mortgage Loans:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Total mortgage loans held for investment
Other Loans:
Commercial and industrial
Lease financing, net of unearned income
of $18,913 and $5,723
Total commercial and industrial loans
Other
Total other loans held for investment
Total non-covered loans held for investment
Net deferred loan origination costs
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans
Non-covered loans held for investment, net
Covered loans
Allowance for losses on covered loans
Covered loans, net
Loans held for sale
Total loans, net
December 31,
2014
2013
Percent of
Non-Covered
Loans Held for
Investment
Amount
Percent of
Non-Covered
Loans Held
for Investment
Amount
$23,831,846
7,634,320
138,915
258,116
31,863,197
72.21%
23.13
0.42
0.78
96.54
$20,699,927
7,364,231
560,730
344,100
28,968,988
69.41%
24.70
1.88
1.15
97.14
900,551
2.73
712,260
2.39
0.34
2.73
0.13
2.86
100.00%
0.63
3.36
0.10
3.46
100.00%
101,431
813,691
39,036
852,727
$29,821,715
16,274
(141,946)
$29,696,043
2,788,618
(64,069)
$ 2,724,549
306,915
$32,727,507
208,670
1,109,221
31,943
1,141,164
$33,004,361
20,595
(139,857)
$32,885,099
2,428,622
(45,481)
$ 2,383,141
379,399
$35,647,639
117
Non-Covered Loans
Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment
The vast majority of the loans the Company originates for investment are multi-family loans, most of which
are collateralized by non-luxury apartment buildings in New York City that are rent-regulated and feature below-
market rents. In addition, the Company originates commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans, most of which are
collateralized by properties located in New York City and on Long Island.
The Company also originates one-to-four family loans; acquisition, development, and construction (“ADC”)
loans; and commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans for investment. ADC loans are primarily originated for multi-
family and residential tract projects in New York City and on Long Island, while one-to-four family loans are
originated both within and beyond the markets served by the Company’s branch offices. C&I loans consist of asset-
based loans, equipment loans and leases, and dealer floor-plan loans (together, “specialty finance loans and leases”)
that are made to nationally recognized borrowers throughout the U.S. and are senior debt-secured; and other C&I
loans, both secured and unsecured, that primarily are made to small and mid-size businesses in Metro New York.
Such C&I loans are typically made for working capital, business expansion, and the purchase of machinery and
equipment.
Payments on multi-family and CRE loans generally depend on the income produced by the underlying
properties which, in turn, depends on their successful operation and management. Accordingly, the ability of the
Company’s borrowers to repay these loans may be impacted by adverse conditions in the local real estate market
and the local economy. While the Company generally requires that such loans be qualified on the basis of the
collateral property’s current cash flows, appraised value, and debt service coverage ratio, among other factors, there
can be no assurance that its underwriting policies will protect the Company from credit-related losses or
delinquencies.
The one-to-four family loans that are held for investment consist primarily of hybrid loans (both jumbo and
agency-conforming) that have been made at conservative loan-to-value ratios to borrowers with a documented
history of repaying their debts.
ADC loans typically involve a higher degree of credit risk than loans secured by improved or owner-occupied
real estate. Accordingly, borrowers are required to provide a guarantee of repayment and completion, and loan
proceeds are disbursed as construction progresses, as certified by in-house or third-party engineers. The risk of loss
on an ADC loan is largely dependent upon the accuracy of the initial appraisal of the property’s value upon
completion of construction or development; the developer’s experience; the estimated cost of construction, including
interest; and the estimated time to complete and/or sell or lease such property. The Company seeks to minimize
these risks by maintaining conservative lending policies and rigorous underwriting standards. However, if the
estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, the cost of completion is greater than expected, or the length of time to
complete and/or sell or lease the collateral property is greater than anticipated (based, for example, on a downturn in
the local economy or real estate market), the property could have a value upon completion that is insufficient to
assure full repayment of the loan. This could have a material adverse effect on the quality of the ADC loan portfolio,
and could result in losses or delinquencies.
To minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, we participate in syndicated loans that
are brought to us, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to us, by a select group of nationally recognized
sources who have had long-term relationships with our experienced lending officers. Our specialty finance loans and
leases generally are made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or
near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide. Furthermore, each of our credits is
secured with a perfected first security interest or outright ownership in the underlying collateral, and structured as
senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease. To further minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and
leasing, we re-underwrite each transaction. In addition, we retain outside counsel to conduct a further review of the
underlying documentation.
To minimize the risks involved in other C&I lending, the Company underwrites such loans on the basis of the
cash flows produced by the business; requires that such loans be collateralized by various business assets, including
inventory, equipment, and accounts receivable, among others; and requires personal guarantees. However, the
capacity of a borrower to repay such a C&I loan is substantially dependent on the degree to which his or her
business is successful. In addition, the collateral underlying such loans may depreciate over time, may not be
conducive to appraisal, or may fluctuate in value, based upon the results of operations of the business.
118
Included in non-covered loans held for investment at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were loans to non-officer
directors of $129.5 million and $149.4 million, respectively.
Loans Held for Sale
The mortgage banking operation of the Community Bank was established in January 2010 to originate,
aggregate, and service one-to-four family loans. Community banks, credit unions, mortgage companies, and
mortgage brokers use its proprietary web-accessible mortgage banking platform to originate and close one-to-four
family loans throughout the U.S. These loans are generally sold to GSEs, servicing retained. To a much lesser
extent, the Community Bank uses its mortgage banking platform to originate jumbo loans which it typically sells to
other financial institutions. The Company does not expect such loans to represent a material portion of the held-for-
sale loans it originates. Included in the December 31, 2014 held-for-sale balance were $19.9 million of one-to-four
family loans and $158.5 million of C&I loans that transferred from loans held for investment at fair value during the
year. The Company also services mortgage loans for various third parties, primarily including GSEs. The unpaid
principal balance of loans serviced for others was $22.4 billion and $21.5 billion at December 31, 2014 and 2013,
respectively.
Asset Quality
The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s non-covered loans held for
investment at December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development,
and construction
Commercial and industrial(1)
Other
Total
Loans 30-89
Days Past
Due
$ 464
1,464
3,086
--
530
648
$6,192
Non-
Accrual
Loans
$31,089
24,824
11,032
654
8,382
969
$76,950
Loans 90 Days
or More
Delinquent and
Still Accruing
Interest
$--
--
--
Total Past
Due Loans
$31,553
26,288
14,118
Current
Loans
$23,800,293
7,608,032
124,797
Total Loans
Receivable
$23,831,846
7,634,320
138,915
--
--
--
$--
654
8,912
1,617
$83,142
257,462
1,100,309
30,326
$32,921,219
258,116
1,109,221
31,943
$33,004,361
(1) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current.
The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s non-covered loans held for
investment at December 31, 2013:
(in thousands)
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development,
and construction
Commercial and industrial(1)
Other
Total
Loans 30-89
Days Past
Due
$33,678
1,854
1,076
--
1
480
$37,089
Non-
Accrual
Loans
$ 58,395
24,550
10,937
2,571
5,735
1,349
$103,537
Loans 90 Days
or More
Delinquent and
Still Accruing
Interest
$--
--
--
Total Past
Due Loans
$ 92,073
26,404
12,013
Current
Loans
$20,607,854
7,337,827
548,717
Total Loans
Receivable
$20,699,927
7,364,231
560,730
--
--
--
$--
2,571
5,736
1,829
$140,626
341,529
807,955
37,207
$29,681,089
344,100
813,691
39,036
$29,821,715
(1) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current.
119
The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of non-covered loans held for investment by credit
quality indicator at December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Credit Quality Indicator:
Multi-Family
Commercial
Real Estate
One-to-Four
Family
Acquisition,
Development, and
Construction
Total
Mortgage
Loans
Commercial
and
Industrial(1) Other
Total Other
Loan Segment
Pass
Special mention
Substandard
Doubtful
Total
$23,777,569
6,798
47,479
--
$23,831,846
$7,591,223
9,123
33,974
--
$7,634,320
$127,883
--
11,032
--
$138,915
$256,868
--
1,248
--
$258,116
$31,753,543
15,921
93,733
--
$31,863,193
$1,083,173 $30,924
--
17,032
969
9,016
--
--
$1,109,221 $31,943
$1,114,147
17,032
9,985
--
$1,141,164
(1) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as “pass.”
The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of non-covered loans held for investment by credit
quality indicator at December 31, 2013:
(in thousands)
Credit Quality Indicator:
Multi-Family
Commercial
Real Estate
One-to-Four
Family
Acquisition,
Development, and
Construction
Total
Mortgage
Loans
Commercial
and
Industrial(1) Other
Total Other
Loan Segment
Pass
Special mention
Substandard
Doubtful
Total
$20,527,460
73,549
98,918
--
$20,699,927
$7,304,502
25,407
33,822
500
$7,364,231
$554,132
--
6,598
--
$560,730
$333,805
7,400
2,895
--
$344,100
$28,719,899
106,356
142,233
500
$28,968,988
$793,693
13,036
6,808
154
$813,691
$37,688
--
1,348
--
$39,036
$831,381
13,036
8,156
154
$852,727
(1) Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as “pass.”
The preceding classifications follow regulatory guidelines and can be generally described as follows: pass
loans are of satisfactory quality; special mention loans have a potential weakness or risk that may result in the
deterioration of future repayment; substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying
capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged (these loans have a well-defined weakness and there is a distinct
possibility that the Company will sustain some loss); and doubtful loans, based on existing circumstances, have
weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable. In addition, one-to-four
family loans are classified utilizing an inter-regulatory agency methodology that incorporates the extent of
delinquency and the loan-to-value ratios. These classifications are the most current available and generally have
been updated within the last twelve months.
The interest income that would have been recorded under the original terms of non-accrual loans at the
respective year-ends, and the interest income actually recorded on these loans in the respective years, is summarized
below:
(in thousands)
Interest income that would have been recorded
Interest income actually recorded
Interest income foregone
Troubled Debt Restructurings
2014
$ 3,997
(3,017)
$ 980
December 31,
2013
$ 5,156
(2,721)
$ 2,435
2012
$11,814
(5,506)
$ 6,308
The Company is required to account for certain held-for-investment loan modifications and restructurings as
troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In general, a modification or restructuring of a loan constitutes a TDR if the
Company grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. A loan modified as a TDR generally is
placed on non-accrual status until the Company determines that future collection of principal and interest is
reasonably assured, which requires that the borrower demonstrate performance according to the restructured terms
for a period of at least six consecutive months.
In an effort to proactively manage delinquent loans, the Company has selectively extended to certain
borrowers concessions such as rate reductions, extension of maturity dates, and forbearance agreements. As of
December 31, 2014, loans on which concessions were made with respect to rate reductions and/or extension of
maturity dates amounted to $39.4 million; loans on which forbearance agreements were reached amounted to $6.4
million.
120
The following table presents information regarding the Company’s TDRs as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Loan Category:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total
December 31,
2014
Accruing Non-Accrual
Total
Accruing
2013
Non-Accrual
Total
$ 7,697
8,139
--
--
--
$15,836
$17,879
9,939
260
654
1,195
$29,927
$25,576
18,078
260
654
1,195
$45,763
$10,083
2,198
--
--
1,129
$13,410
$50,548
15,626
--
--
758
$66,932
$60,631
17,824
--
--
1,887
$80,342
The eligibility of a borrower for work-out concessions of any nature depends upon the facts and circumstances
of each transaction, which may change from period to period, and involves judgment by Company personnel
regarding the likelihood that the concession will result in the maximum recovery for the Company.
The financial effects of the Company’s TDRs for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 are
summarized as follows:
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
(dollars in thousands)
Loan Category:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total
Weighted Average Interest Rate
Post-
Modification
Pre-
Modification
Number
of Loans
2
2
1
2
1
8
5.61%
6.71
5.75
7.00
5.00
5.61%
5.54
4.27
7.00
5.00
Charge-off
Amount
Capitalized
Interest
$
--
334
18
--
--
$ 352
$ --
--
22
--
--
$22
In the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, the Company classified one CRE loan in the amount of $1.1
million, two C&I loans totaling $758,000, and one multi-family loan in the amount of $3.9 million as non-accrual
TDRs. While other concessions were granted to the borrowers, the interest rates on the loans were maintained. As a
result, these TDRs did not have a financial impact on the Company’s results of operations during the year.
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, none of the loans that had been modified as TDRs during the twelve months
ended at those dates were in payment default. A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 30 days
contractually past due under the modified terms.
The Company does not consider a payment to be in default when the loan is in forbearance, or otherwise
granted a delay of payment, when the agreement to forebear or allow a delay of payment is part of a modification.
Subsequent to the modification, the loan is not considered to be in default until payment is contractually past due in
accordance with the modified terms. However, the Company does consider a loan with multiple modifications or
forbearance periods to be in default, and would also consider a loan to be in default if it was in bankruptcy or was
partially charged off subsequent to modification.
121
Covered Loans
The following table presents the carrying value of covered loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills
acquisitions as of December 31, 2014:
(dollars in thousands)
Loan Category:
One-to-four family
All other loans
Total covered loans
Amount
$2,212,442
216,180
$2,428,622
Percent of
Covered Loans
91.1%
8.9
100.0%
The Company refers to the loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills transactions as “covered loans”
because the Company is being reimbursed for a substantial portion of losses on these loans under the terms of the
FDIC loss sharing agreements. Covered loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30 and are initially measured at fair
value, which includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the lives of the loans. Under ASC
310-30, purchasers are permitted to aggregate acquired loans into one or more pools, provided that the loans have
common risk characteristics. A pool is then accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and
an aggregate expectation of cash flows.
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the unpaid principal balances of covered loans were $2.9 billion and $3.3
billion, respectively. The carrying values of such loans were $2.4 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively, at the
corresponding dates.
At the respective acquisition dates, the Company estimated the fair values of the AmTrust and Desert Hills
loan portfolios, which represented the expected cash flows from the portfolios, discounted at market-based rates. In
estimating such fair values, the Company: (a) calculated the contractual amount and timing of undiscounted
principal and interest payments (the “undiscounted contractual cash flows”); and (b) estimated the expected amount
and timing of undiscounted principal and interest payments (the “undiscounted expected cash flows”). The amount
by which the undiscounted expected cash flows exceed the estimated fair value (the “accretable yield”) is accreted
into interest income over the lives of the loans. The amount by which the undiscounted contractual cash flows
exceed the undiscounted expected cash flows is referred to as the “non-accretable difference.” The non-accretable
difference represents an estimate of the credit risk in the loan portfolios at the respective acquisition dates.
The accretable yield is affected by changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans, changes in
prepayment assumptions, and changes in expected principal and interest payments over the estimated lives of the
loans. Changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans increase or decrease the amount of interest income
expected to be collected, depending on the direction of interest rates. Prepayments affect the estimated lives of
covered loans and could change the amount of interest income and principal expected to be collected. Changes in
expected principal and interest payments over the estimated lives of covered loans are driven by the credit outlook
and by actions that may be taken with borrowers.
The Company periodically evaluates the estimates of the cash flows it expects to collect. Expected future cash
flows from interest payments are based on variable rates at the time of the periodic evaluation. Estimates of expected
cash flows that are impacted by changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans and prepayment assumptions
are treated as prospective yield adjustments and included in interest income.
In the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, changes in the accretable yield for covered loans were as
follows:
(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
Reclassification from non-accretable difference
Accretion
Balance at end of period
Accretable Yield
$ 796,993
380,171
(140,141)
$1,037,023
In the preceding table, the line item “Reclassification from non-accretable difference” includes changes in
cash flows that the Company expects to collect due to changes in prepayment assumptions, changes in interest rates
on variable rate loans, and changes in loss assumptions. As of the Company’s most recent periodic evaluation, the
underlying credit assumptions improved, which resulted in an increase in future expected interest cash flows and,
122
consequently, an increase in the accretable yield. The effect of this increase was partially offset by the coupon rates
on variable rate loans resetting lower, which resulted in a decrease in future expected interest cash flows and,
consequently, a decrease in the accretable yield.
In connection with the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions, the Company also acquired other real estate
owned (“OREO”), all of which is covered under the FDIC loss sharing agreements. Covered OREO was initially
recorded at its estimated fair value on the acquisition date, based on independent appraisals, less the estimated
selling costs. Any subsequent write-downs due to declines in fair value have been charged to non-interest expense,
and have been partially offset by loss reimbursements under the FDIC loss sharing agreements. Any recoveries of
previous write-downs have been credited to non-interest expense and partially offset by the portion of the recovery
that was due to the FDIC.
The FDIC loss share receivable represents the present value of the estimated losses to be reimbursed by the
FDIC. The estimated losses were based on the same cash flow estimates used in determining the fair value of the
covered loans. The FDIC loss share receivable is reduced as losses on covered loans are recognized and as loss
sharing payments are received from the FDIC. Realized losses in excess of acquisition-date estimates result in an
increase in the FDIC loss share receivable. Conversely, if realized losses are lower than the acquisition-date
estimates, the FDIC loss share receivable is reduced by amortization to interest income.
The following table presents information regarding the Company’s covered loans that were 90 days or more
past due at December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Covered Loans 90 Days or More Past Due:
One-to-four family
Other loans
Total covered loans 90 days or more past due
December 31,
2014
2013
$148,967 $201,425
10,060
$157,889 $211,485
8,922
The following table presents information regarding the Company’s covered loans that were 30 to 89 days past
due at December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Covered Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:
One-to-four family
Other loans
Total covered loans 30-89 days past due
December 31,
2014
2013
$37,680
4,016
$41,696
$52,250
5,679
$57,929
At December 31, 2014, the Company had $41.7 million of covered loans that were 30 to 89 days past due, and
covered loans of $157.9 million that were 90 days or more past due but considered to be performing due to the
application of the yield accretion method under ASC 310-30. The remaining portion of the Company’s covered loan
portfolio totaled $2.2 billion at December 30, 2014 and was considered current at that date. ASC 310-30 allows the
Company to aggregate credit-impaired loans acquired in the same fiscal quarter into one or more pools, provided
that the loans have common risk characteristics. A pool is then accounted for as a single asset with a single
composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows.
Loans that may have been classified as non-performing loans by AmTrust or Desert Hills were no longer
classified as non-performing by the Company because, at the respective dates of acquisition, the Company believed
that it would fully collect the new carrying value of these loans. The new carrying value represents the contractual
balance, reduced by the portion that is expected to be uncollectible (i.e., the non-accretable difference) and by an
accretable yield (discount) that is recognized as interest income. It is important to note that management’s judgment
is required in reclassifying loans subject to ASC 310-30 as performing loans, and such judgment is dependent on
having a reasonable expectation about the timing and amount of the cash flows to be collected, even if the loan is
contractually past due.
The primary credit quality indicator for covered loans is the expectation of underlying cash flows. The
Company recorded a recovery for losses on covered loans of $18.6 million in the twelve months ended
December 31, 2014. The recovery was largely due to an increase in expected cash flows in the acquired portfolios of
one-to-four family and home equity loans, and was partly offset by FDIC indemnification expense of $14.9 million
123
recorded in non-interest income in the corresponding period. The Company recorded a provision for losses on
covered loans of $12.8 million in the twelve months ended December 31, 2013. The provision was largely due to
credit deterioration in the acquired portfolios of one-to-four family and home equity loans, and was partly offset by
FDIC indemnification income of $10.2 million recorded in non-interest income in the corresponding period.
NOTE 6: ALLOWANCES FOR LOAN LOSSES
The following table provides additional information regarding the Company’s allowances for losses on non-
covered loans and covered loans, based upon the method of evaluating loan impairment:
(in thousands)
Allowances for Loan Losses at December 31, 2014:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality
Total
Mortgage
Other
Total
26
$
122,590
23,538
$146,154
$
--
17,241
21,943
$ 39,184
$
26
139,831
45,481
$ 185,338
(in thousands)
Allowances for Loan Losses at December 31, 2013:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality
Total
Mortgage
Other
Total
$
--
123,991
56,705
$180,696
$
--
17,955
7,364
$ 25,319
$
--
141,946
64,069
$206,015
The following table provides additional information regarding the methods used to evaluate the Company’s
loan portfolio for impairment:
(in thousands)
Loans Receivable at December 31, 2014:
Mortgage
Other
Total
Loans individually evaluated for impairment $
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality
81,574
31,781,623
2,227,572
$34,090,769
$
6,806
1,134,358
201,050
$1,342,214
$
88,380
32,915,981
2,428,622
$ 35,432,983
Total
(in thousands)
Loans Receivable at December 31, 2013:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality
Total
Mortgage
Other
Total
$
109,389
28,859,599
2,545,522
$31,514,510
$
6,996
845,731
243,096
$1,095,823
$
116,385
29,705,330
2,788,618
$32,610,333
Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment
The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for losses on non-covered loans held for investment
for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:
December 31,
(in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period
Charge-offs
Recoveries
Provision for non-covered loan losses
Balance, end of period
Total
Mortgage
2014
Other
$123,991 $17,955 $141,946
(8,076)
5,987
--
$122,616 $17,241 $139,857
(2,780)
1,405
--
(5,296)
4,582
--
2013
Mortgage Other
$16,863
(7,092)
1,942
6,242
$17,955
$124,085
(18,265)
6,413
11,758
$123,991
Total
$140,948
(25,357)
8,355
18,000
$141,946
Please see Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Polices” for additional information regarding the
Company’s allowance for losses on non-covered loans.
124
The following table presents additional information about the Company’s impaired non-covered loans at
December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total impaired loans with no related allowance
Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total impaired loans with an allowance
recorded
Total impaired loans:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total impaired loans
Recorded
Investment
$45,383
30,370
2,028
654
6,806
$85,241
$ 3,139
--
--
--
--
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
$ 52,593
32,460
2,069
1,024
12,155
$100,301
$
3,139
--
--
--
--
$ 3,139
$
3,139
$48,522
30,370
2,028
654
6,806
$88,380
$ 55,732
32,460
2,069
1,024
12,155
$103,440
Related
Allowance
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
$ --
--
--
--
--
$ --
$26
--
--
--
--
$26
$26
--
--
--
--
$26
$54,051
29,935
1,254
505
7,749
$93,494
$
628
490
61
--
--
$1,636
1,629
--
218
307
$3,790
$
72
--
--
--
--
$ 1,179
$
72
$54,679
30,425
1,315
505
7,749
$94,673
$1,708
1,629
--
218
307
$3,862
The following table presents additional information about the Company’s impaired non-covered loans at
December 31, 2013:
(in thousands)
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total impaired loans with no related allowance
Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total impaired loans with an allowance
recorded
Total impaired loans:
Multi-family
Commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Commercial and industrial
Total impaired loans
Recorded
Investment
$ 78,771
30,619
--
--
6,995
$116,385
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
$ 94,265
32,474
--
--
34,199
$160,938
$
$
--
--
--
--
--
--
$
$
--
--
--
--
--
--
$ 94,265
32,474
--
--
34,199
$160,938
$ 78,771
30,619
--
--
6,995
$116,385
125
Related
Allowance
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
$ --
--
--
--
--
$ --
$ --
--
--
--
--
$ --
$ --
--
--
--
--
$ --
$117,208
43,566
3,611
275
6,890
$171,550
$
2,442
900
--
--
--
$1,991
1,604
89
--
366
$4,050
$
--
--
--
--
--
--
$
3,342
$
$119,650
44,466
3,611
275
6,890
$174,892
$1,991
1,604
89
--
366
$4,050
Allowance for Losses on Covered Loans
Covered loans are reported exclusive of the FDIC loss share receivable. The covered loans acquired in the
AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions are, and will continue to be, reviewed for collectability based on the
expectations of cash flows from these loans. Covered loans have been aggregated into pools of loans with common
characteristics. In determining the allowance for losses on covered loans, the Company periodically performs an
analysis to estimate the expected cash flows for each of the pools of loans. The Company records a provision for
(recovery of) losses on covered loans to the extent that the expected cash flows from a loan pool have decreased or
increased since the acquisition date.
Accordingly, if there is a decrease in expected cash flows due to an increase in estimated credit losses (as
compared to the estimates made at the respective acquisition dates), the decrease in the present value of expected
cash flows is recorded as a provision for covered loan losses charged to earnings, and an allowance for covered loan
losses is established. A related credit to non-interest income and an increase in the FDIC loss share receivable is
recognized at the same time, and measured based on the applicable loss sharing agreement percentage.
If there is an increase in expected cash flows due to a decrease in estimated credit losses (as compared to the
estimates made at the respective acquisition dates), the increase in the present value of expected cash flows is
recorded as a recovery of the prior-period impairment charged to earnings, and the allowance for covered loan losses
is reduced. A related debit to non-interest income and a decrease in the FDIC loss share receivable is recognized at
the same time, and measured based on the applicable loss sharing agreement percentage.
The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for losses on covered loans for the years ended
December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period
(Recovery of) provision for losses on covered loans
Balance, end of period
December 31,
2014
$ 64,069
(18,588)
$ 45,481
2013
$51,311
12,758
$64,069
NOTE 7: DEPOSITS
The following table sets forth the weighted average interest rates for each type of deposit at December 31,
2014 and 2013:
December 31,
2014
Percent
of Total
44.30%
24.89
22.67
8.14
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate (1)
0.37%
0.60
1.15
--
2013
Percent
of Total
41.06%
23.08
27.01
8.85
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate (1)
0.32%
0.44
1.16
--
Amount
$10,536,947
5,921,437
6,932,096
2,270,512
Amount
$12,549,600
7,051,622
6,420,598
2,306,914
$28,328,734 100.00%
0.57%
$25,660,992 100.00%
0.54%
(dollars in thousands)
NOW and money market accounts
Savings accounts
Certificates of deposit
Non-interest-bearing accounts
Total deposits
(1) Excludes the effect of purchase accounting adjustments for certain certificates of deposits (“CDs”).
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the aggregate amounts of deposits that had been reclassified as loan balances
(i.e., overdrafts) were $5.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively.
126
The scheduled maturities of CDs at December 31, 2014 were as follows:
(in thousands)
1 year or less
More than 1 year through 2 years
More than 2 years through 3 years
More than 3 years through 4 years
More than 4 years through 5 years
Over 5 years
Total CDs
$4,974,122
983,295
309,268
88,410
34,766
30,737
$6,420,598
The following table presents a summary of CDs in amounts of $100,000 or more, by remaining term to
maturity, at December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Total
0 – 3
Months
$628,443
CDs of $100,000 or More Maturing Within
Over 6 to
12 Months
$1,336,910
Over 3 to
6 Months
$605,127
Over 12
Months
$733,365
Total
$3,303,845
At December 31, 2013, the aggregate amount of CDs of $100,000 or more was $3.4 billion.
Included in total deposits at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were brokered deposits of $4.0 billion and $4.1
billion, respectively. Excluding purchase accounting adjustments, brokered deposits had weighted average interest
rates of 0.21% and 0.24% at the respective year-ends. Brokered money market accounts represented $2.6 billion and
$3.6 billion, respectively, of the year-end 2014 and 2013 totals, and brokered non-interest-bearing accounts
represented $1.4 billion and $260.5 million, respectively. Brokered CDs represented $3.5 million and $212.1
million, respectively, of brokered deposits at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
NOTE 8: BORROWED FUNDS
The following table summarizes the Company’s borrowed funds at December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Wholesale borrowings:
FHLB advances
Repurchase agreements
Federal funds purchased
Total wholesale borrowings
Other borrowings:
Junior subordinated debentures
Preferred stock of subsidiaries
Total other borrowings
Total borrowed funds
December 31,
2014
2013
$10,183,132
3,425,000
260,000
$13,868,132
$ 358,355
--
$ 358,355
$14,226,487
$10,872,576
3,425,000
445,000
$14,742,576
$ 358,126
4,300
$ 362,426
$15,105,002
FHLB advances at December 31, 2014 include acquisition accounting adjustments of $12.9 million.
Accrued interest on borrowed funds is included in “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of
Condition, and amounted to $38.1 million and $38.8 million, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
127
FHLB Advances
At December 31, 2014, the contractual maturities and the next call dates of FHLB advances outstanding were
as follows:
(dollars in thousands)
Year of Maturity
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2022
2023
2025
Total FHLB advances
Contractual Maturity
Amount
$ 2,888,875
--
627,772
930,955
1,865,000
650,000
1,410,000
1,810,312
218
$10,183,132
Weighted Average
Interest Rate
0.54%
--
3.02
3.04
3.15
2.90
3.41
3.34
7.82
2.44%
Earlier of Contractual Maturity
or Next Call Date
Amount
$ 5,761,734
900,000
3,520,312
868
--
--
--
--
218
$10,183,132
Weighted Average
Interest Rate
1.80%
3.01
3.35
2.82
--
--
--
--
7.82
2.44 %
FHLB advances include both straight fixed-rate advances and advances under the FHLB convertible advance
program, which gives the FHLB the option of either calling the advance after an initial lock-out period of up to five
years and quarterly thereafter until maturity, or a one-time call at the initial call date.
At December 31, 2014, the Company had $2.3 billion in short-term FHLB advances with a weighted average
interest rate of 0.36%. During 2014, the average balance of short-term FHLB advances was $2.6 billion, with a
weighted average interest rate of 0.37%, generating interest expense of $9.8 million. At December 31, 2013, the
Company had $3.1 billion in short-term FHLB advances with a weighted average interest rate of 0.38%. During
2013, the average balance of short-term FHLB advances was $1.4 billion with a weighted average interest rate of
0.38%, generating interest expense of $5.2 million.
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, the Banks had combined unused lines of available credit with
the FHLB-NY of up to $7.9 billion and $5.4 billion. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, the Company
had $388.2 million and $146.1 million outstanding in overnight advances with the FHLB-NY. During 2014, the
average balance of overnight advances amounted to $245.3 million with a weighted average interest rate of 0.37%,
generating interest expense of $895,000. During 2013, the average balance of overnight advances amounted to
$106.3 million with a weighted average interest rate of 0.38%, generating interest expense of $400,000. During
2012, the average balance of overnight advances amounted to $29.2 million and had a weighted average interest rate
of 0.38%, generating interest expense of $111,000.
Total FHLB advances generated interest expense of $255.2 million, $252.6 million, and $311.8 million,
respectively, in the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.
128
Repurchase Agreements
The following table presents an analysis of the contractual maturities and the next call dates of the Company’s
outstanding repurchase agreements at December 31, 2014:
Contractual Maturity
Earlier of Contractual Maturity
or Next Call Date
(dollars in thousands)
Year of Maturity
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2023
Amount
$ 100,000
182,000
350,000
1,600,000
100,000
513,000
580,000
$3,425,000
Weighted Average
Interest Rate
2.18%
3.26
3.92
3.48
3.67
3.32
3.24
3.41%
Amount
$2,200,000
595,000
380,000
250,000
--
--
--
$3,425,000
Weighted Average
Interest Rate
3.45%
3.54
3.14
3.23
--
--
--
3.41%
The following table provides the contractual maturity and weighted average interest rate of repurchase
agreements, and the amortized cost and fair value (including accrued interest) of the securities collateralizing the
repurchase agreements, at December 31, 2014:
(dollars in thousands)
Contractual Maturity
Over 90 days
Amount
$3,425,000
Weighted Average
Interest Rate
3.41%
Amortized
Cost
$2,621,760
Fair Value
$2,727,437
Mortgage-Related and
Other Securities
GSE Debentures and
U.S. Treasury Obligations
Amortized
Cost
$1,220,701
Fair Value
$1,210,308
The Company had no short-term repurchase agreements outstanding at or during the years ended
December 31, 2014, 2013, or 2012.
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the accrued interest on repurchase agreements amounted to $11.8 million
and $11.9 million, respectively. The interest expense on repurchase agreements was $119.3 million, $129.6 million,
and $148.3 million, respectively, in the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.
Federal Funds Purchased
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the balance of federal funds purchased was $260.0 million and $445.0
million, respectively.
In 2014 and 2013, the average balances of federal funds purchased amounted to $430.1 million and $85.8
million, respectively, with weighted average interest rates of 0.25% and 0.27%. The interest expense produced by
federal funds purchased was $1.1 million and $230,000, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2014 and
2013.
Junior Subordinated Debentures
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had $358.4 million and $358.1 million, respectively, of
outstanding junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (“junior subordinated debentures”) held by statutory
business trusts (the “Trusts”) that issued guaranteed capital securities. The capital securities qualified as Tier 1
capital of the Company at those dates. However, with the passage of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and
Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), the qualification of capital securities as Tier 1 capital
will be phased out by January 1, 2016.
The Trusts are accounted for as unconsolidated subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP. The proceeds of each
issuance were invested in a series of junior subordinated debentures of the Company and the underlying assets of
each statutory business trust are the relevant debentures. The Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the
obligations under each trust’s capital securities to the extent set forth in a guarantee by the Company to each trust.
The Trusts’ capital securities are each subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the
debentures at their stated maturity or earlier redemption.
129
The following junior subordinated debentures were outstanding at December 31, 2014:
Interest Rate
of Capital
Securities
and
Debentures
Junior
Subordinated
Debentures
Amount
Outstanding
Capital
Securities
Amount
Outstanding
(dollars in thousands)
Date of
Original Issue
Stated
Maturity
First Optional
Redemption Date
6.000%
$144,429
$138,078
Nov. 4, 2002
Nov. 1, 2051 Nov. 4, 2007 (1)
1.841
3.491
1.907
123,712
30,928
120,000
30,000
Dec. 14, 2006 Dec. 15, 2036 Dec. 15, 2011 (2)
June 15, 2033 June 15, 2008 (2)
June 2, 2003
59,286
57,500
April 16, 2007 June 30, 2037 June 30, 2012 (2)
$358,355
$345,578
Issuer
New York Community
Capital Trust V
(BONUSESSM Units)
New York Community
Capital Trust X
PennFed Capital Trust III
New York Community
Capital Trust XI
Total junior subordinated
debentures
(1) Callable subject to certain conditions as described in the prospectus filed with the SEC on November 4, 2002.
(2) Callable from this date forward.
On November 4, 2002, the Company completed a public offering of 5,500,000 Bifurcated Option Note Unit
SecuritiESSM (“BONUSES units”), including 700,000 that were sold pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters’
over-allotment option, at a public offering price of $50.00 per share. The Company realized net proceeds from the
offering of approximately $267.3 million. Each BONUSES unit consists of a capital security issued by New York
Community Capital Trust V, a trust formed by the Company, and a warrant to purchase 2.4953 shares of the
common stock of the Company (for a total of approximately 13.7 million common shares) at an effective exercise
price of $20.04 per share. Each capital security has a maturity of 49 years, with a coupon, or distribution rate, of
6.00% on the $50.00 per share liquidation amount. The warrants and capital securities were non-callable for five
years from the date of issuance and were not called by the Company when the five-year period passed on
November 4, 2007.
The gross proceeds of the BONUSES units totaled $275.0 million and were allocated between the capital
security and the warrant comprising such units in proportion to their relative values at the time of issuance. The
value assigned to the warrants, $92.4 million, was recorded as a component of additional “paid-in capital” in the
Company’s Consolidated Statement of Condition. The value assigned to the capital security component was $182.6
million. The $92.4 million difference between the assigned value and the stated liquidation amount of the capital
securities was treated as an original issue discount, and amortized to interest expense over the 49-year life of the
capital securities on a level-yield basis. At December 31, 2014, this discount totaled $67.3 million, reflecting the
exchange offer described below.
On July 29, 2009, the Company announced the commencement of an offer to exchange shares of its common
stock for any and all of the 5,498,544 outstanding BONUSES units (the “Offer to Exchange”). All holders of
BONUSES units were eligible to participate in the exchange offer. A total of 1,393,063 BONUSES units were
validly tendered, not withdrawn, and accepted in the exchange offer, representing 25.3% of the 5,498,544
BONUSES units outstanding at the exchange offer’s expiration date. As a result, trust preferred securities totaling
$48.6 million were extinguished in August 2009. In accordance with the terms of the Offer to Exchange, the
Company issued 3.4144 shares of its common stock for each BONUSES unit that was tendered, not withdrawn, and
accepted. The Company issued 4.8 million shares of its common stock as a result of the Offer to Exchange.
In addition, the Company has three business trusts of which it owns all of the common securities (New York
Community Capital Trust X, PennFed Capital Trust III, and New York Community Capital Trust XI) which were
formed for the purpose of issuing Company Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Securities of Subsidiary
Trusts Holding Solely Junior Subordinated Debentures (collectively, the “Capital Securities”), and are described in
the table on the preceding page. Dividends on the Capital Securities are payable either quarterly or semi-annually
and are deferrable, at the Company’s option, for up to five years. As of December 31, 2014, all dividends were
current. As each of the Capital Securities was issued, the Trusts used the offering proceeds to purchase a like amount
of Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures (the “Debentures”) of the Company. The Debentures bear the
same terms and interest rates as the related Capital Securities. The Company has fully and unconditionally
guaranteed all of the obligations of the Trusts. Under current applicable regulatory guidelines, a portion of the
Capital Securities qualifies as Tier I capital, and the remainder qualifies as Tier II capital.
130
Interest expense on junior subordinated debentures was $17.2 million, $17.3 million, and $25.0 million,
respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.
NOTE 9: FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL TAXES
The following table summarizes the components of the Company’s net deferred tax liability at December 31,
2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Deferred Tax Assets:
Allowance for loan losses
Compensation and related benefit obligations
Acquisition accounting and fair value adjustments on
securities (including OTTI)
Acquisition accounting adjustments on borrowed funds
Non-accrual interest
Other
Gross deferred tax assets
Valuation allowance
Deferred tax asset after valuation allowance
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Amortizable intangibles
Acquisition accounting and fair value adjustments on loans
(including the FDIC loss share receivable)
Mortgage servicing rights
Premises and equipment
Prepaid pension cost
Restructuring and retirement of borrowed funds
Leases
Other
Gross deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax liability
December 31,
2014
2013
$ 74,508 $ 82,872
24,585
29,876
89
5,203
7,917
11,752
129,345
--
30,356
7,609
11,550
10,228
167,200
--
$ 129,345 $ 167,200
$
(1,967) $
(3,753 )
(18,336)
(47,966)
(22,714)
(26,607)
(3,111)
(24,117)
(4,793)
(35,459 )
(61,694 )
(24,015 )
(33,551 )
(3,883 )
(5,217 )
(5,439 )
$(149,611) $(173,011 )
(5,811 )
$ (20,266) $
The net deferred tax liability, which is included in “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of
Condition at December 31, 2014 and 2013, represents the anticipated federal, state, and local tax expenses or
benefits that are expected to be realized in future years upon the utilization of the underlying tax attributes
comprising said balance.
The Company has determined that all deductible temporary differences at December 31, 2014 are more likely
than not to provide a benefit in reducing future federal, state, and local tax liabilities, as applicable.
131
The following table summarizes the Company’s income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2014,
2013, and 2012:
(in thousands)
Federal – current
State and local – current
Total current
Federal – deferred
State and local – deferred
Total deferred
Income tax expense reported in net income
Income tax expense (benefit) reported in stockholders’ equity related to:
Adoption of ASU No. 2014-01
Securities available-for-sale
Employee stock plans
Pension liability adjustments
Non-credit portion of OTTI losses
Total income taxes
2014
$207,864
53,654
261,518
23,814
2,337
26,151
$287,669
1,303
1,851
(3,225)
(14,992)
142
$272,748
December 31,
2013
2012
$205,985 $206,748
30,070
236,818
34,275
8,710
42,985
$271,579 $279,803
40,417
246,402
20,734
4,443
25,177
--
(8,343)
(1,692)
20,116
5,028
--
7,672
(589)
(807)
65
$286,688 $286,144
The following table presents a reconciliation of statutory federal income tax expense to combined actual
income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012:
(in thousands)
Statutory federal income tax expense at 35%
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect
Effect of tax deductibility of ESOP
Non-taxable income and expense of BOLI
Federal tax credits
Adjustments relating to prior tax years
Other, net
Total income tax expense
2014
$270,573
36,394
(7,297)
(9,415)
(1,820)
(1,166)
400
$287,669
December 31,
2013
2012
$261,494 $273,318
25,207
(6,910)
(10,578)
(2,083)
(86)
763
$271,579 $279,803
29,159
(7,153)
(10,381)
(3,111)
150
1,421
The Company invests in affordable housing projects through limited partnerships which generate federal Low
Income Housing Tax Credits. At December 31, 2014, the balance of these investments was $37.8 million and is
included in “Other assets” in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. This balance includes commitments of
$21.7 million, which are expected to be funded over the next four years. The Company elected to early adopt ASU
No. 2014-01, effective January 1, 2014, and to apply the proportional amortization method to these investments.
Retrospective application of the new accounting guidance would not result in a material change to the prior-period
presentations. Furthermore, the balance in retained earnings as of January 1, 2014 was reduced by $1.3 million to
reflect the reduction of deferred tax assets relating to these investments. For a further discussion, please see Note 1,
“Organization and Basis of Presentation.” Recognized in the determination of income tax expense from operations
for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $3.9 million of affordable housing tax credits and other tax benefits, and
an offsetting $2.9 million for the amortization of the related investments. For the years ended December 31, 2014,
2013, and 2012, the Company did not recognize any impairment losses relating to these investments. In addition,
none of these investments are accounted for under the “equity method.”
On March 31, 2014, tax legislation was enacted that changed the manner in which financial institutions and
their affiliates are taxed in New York State. While most of the provisions of this legislation are effective for fiscal
years beginning in 2015, certain impacts of this tax law change were recognized by the Company in the year ended
December 31, 2014. As a result, income tax expense reported in 2014 net income was increased by $3.5 million.
GAAP prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for use in connection with the obligation
of a company to recognize, measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that the
Company has taken or expects to take on a tax return.
As of December 31, 2014, the Company had $24.8 million of unrecognized gross tax benefits. Gross tax
benefits do not reflect the federal tax effect associated with state tax amounts.
132
The total amount of net unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2014 that would have affected the effective
tax rate, if recognized, was $16.1 million.
Interest and penalties (if any) related to the underpayment of income taxes are classified as a component of
income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. During the years ended
December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, the Company recognized income tax expense attributed to interest and
penalties of $700,000, $900,000, and $1.0 million, respectively. Accrued interest and penalties on tax liabilities were
$3.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
The following table summarizes changes in the liability for unrecognized gross tax benefits for the years
ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012:
(in thousands)
Uncertain tax positions at beginning of year
Additions for tax positions relating to current-year operations
Additions for tax positions relating to prior tax years
Subtractions for tax positions relating to prior tax years
Reductions in balance due to settlements
Uncertain tax positions at end of year
2014
December 31,
2012
2013
$20,250 $ 24,220 $ 8,922
4,365
11,890
(457)
(500)
$24,779 $ 20,250 $24,220
2,436
6,218
(3,641)
(8,983)
3,515
1,819
(929)
124
The Company and its subsidiaries have filed tax returns in many states. The following are the more significant
tax filings that are open for examination:
•
Federal tax filings for tax years 2011 through the present;
• New York State tax filings for tax years 2010 through the present;
• New York City tax filings for tax years 2011 through the present; and
• New Jersey tax filings for tax years 2012 through the present.
In addition, while the Company and some of its subsidiaries are currently under examination by certain other
states, their presence and tax exposure in those states are not significant.
It is reasonably possible that there will be developments within the next twelve months that would necessitate
an adjustment to the balance of unrecognized tax benefits. The Company does not expect that such settlements will
have a material impact on tax expense. In addition, the Company does not believe that the ranges of possible
adjustments for each federal, state, and local tax position would be material.
As a savings institution, the Community Bank is subject to a special federal tax provision regarding its frozen
tax bad debt reserve. At December 31, 2014, the Community Bank’s federal tax bad debt base-year reserve was
$61.5 million, with a related net federal deferred tax liability of $21.5 million, which has not been recognized since
the Community Bank does not expect that this reserve will become taxable in the foreseeable future. Events that
would result in taxation of this reserve include redemptions of the Community Bank’s stock or certain excess
distributions by the Community Bank to the Company.
NOTE 10: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Pledged Assets
The Company pledges securities to serve as collateral for its repurchase agreements. At December 31, 2014
and 2013, the Company had pledged mortgage-related securities held to maturity with a carrying value of $2.9
billion at both dates. The Company also had pledged other securities held to maturity with a carrying value of $1.7
billion at December 31, 2014 and a carrying value of $2.1 billion at the prior year end. In addition, at December 31,
2014 and 2013, the Company had pledged available-for-sale mortgage-related securities with carrying values of
$11.4 million and $79.9 million, respectively.
Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had commitments to originate loans, including unused lines of
credit, of $2.6 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively. The majority of the outstanding loan commitments at
December 31, 2014 and 2013 had adjustable interest rates, and were expected to close within 90 days.
133
The following table sets forth the Company’s off-balance sheet commitments relating to outstanding loan
commitments and letters of credit at December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Mortgage Loan Commitments:
Multi-family and commercial real estate
One-to-four family
Acquisition, development, and construction
Total mortgage loan commitments
Other loan commitments
Total loan commitments
Commercial, performance stand-by, and financial stand-by letters of credit
Total commitments
Lease Commitments
$1,018,223
495,854
301,763
$1,815,840
734,326
$2,550,166
200,983
$2,751,149
At December 31, 2014, the Company was obligated under various non-cancelable operating lease and license
agreements with renewal options on properties used primarily for branch operations. The Company currently
expects to renew such agreements upon their expiration in the normal course of business. The agreements contain
periodic escalation clauses that provide for increases in the annual rents, commencing at various times during the
lives of the agreements, which are primarily based on increases in real estate taxes and cost-of-living indices.
The projected minimum annual rental commitments under these agreements, exclusive of taxes and other
charges, are summarized as follows:
(in thousands)
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019 and thereafter
Total minimum future rentals
$ 27,381
26,511
23,631
18,729
62,269
$158,521
The rental expense under these leases is included in “Occupancy and equipment expense” in the Consolidated
Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, and amounted to $35.2 million, $33.7 million, and $32.5 million,
respectively, in the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012. Rental income on Company-owned properties,
netted in occupancy and equipment expense, was approximately $3.6 million, $3.9 million, and $3.4 million in the
corresponding periods. There was no minimum future rental income under non-cancelable sublease agreements at
December 31, 2014.
Financial Guarantees
The Company provides guarantees and indemnifications to its customers to enable them to complete a variety
of business transactions and to enhance their credit standings. These guarantees are recorded at their respective fair
values in “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. The Company deems the fair value of the
guarantees to equal the consideration received.
The following table summarizes the Company’s guarantees and indemnifications at December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Financial stand-by letters of credit
Performance stand-by letters of credit
Commercial letters of credit
Total letters of credit
Expires
Within One
Year
$28,144
9,901
13,832
$51,877
Expires
After One
Year
$21,827
--
198
$22,025
Total
Outstanding
Amount
$49,971
9,901
14,030
$73,902
Maximum Potential
Amount of
Future Payments
$112,022
9,885
79,076
$200,983
The maximum potential amount of future payments represents the notional amounts that could be funded
under the guarantees and indemnifications if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties or if indemnification
provisions were triggered, as applicable, without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions, or
from collateral held or pledged.
134
The Company collects a fee upon the issuance of letters of credit. These fees are initially recorded by the
Company as a liability, and are recognized as income at the expiration date of the respective guarantees. In addition,
the Company requires adequate collateral, typically in the form of real property or personal guarantees, upon its
issuance of financial stand-by, performance stand-by, and commercial letters of credit. In the event that a borrower
defaults, loans with recourse or indemnification obligate the Company to purchase loans that it has sold or otherwise
transferred to a third party. Also outstanding at December 31, 2014 were $191,000 of bankers’ acceptances.
In October 2007, Visa U.S.A., a subsidiary of Visa Inc. (“Visa”) completed a reorganization in contemplation
of its initial public offering, which was subsequently completed in March 2008. As part of that reorganization, the
Community Bank and the former Synergy Bank, along with many other banks across the nation, received shares of
common stock of Visa. In accordance with GAAP, the Company did not recognize any value for this common stock
ownership interest.
Visa claims that all Visa U.S.A. member banks are obligated to share with it in losses stemming from certain
litigation against it and certain other named member banks (the “Covered Litigation”). Visa continues to set aside
amounts in an escrow account to fund any judgments or settlements that may arise from the Covered Litigation, and
reduced the amount of shares allocated to the Visa U.S.A. member banks by amounts necessary to cover such
liability. Nevertheless, Visa U.S.A. member banks were required to record a liability for the fair value of their
related contingent obligation to Visa U.S.A., based on the percentage of their membership interest. The Company
has a $423,000 liability based on its best estimate of the combined membership interest of the Community Bank and
the former Synergy Bank with regard to both settled and pending litigation in which Visa is involved.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company uses various financial instruments, including derivatives, in connection with its strategies to
mitigate or reduce price risk resulting from changes in interest rates. The Company’s derivative financial
instruments consist of financial forward and futures contracts, interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”), swaps, and
options, and relate to mortgage banking operations, MSRs, and other risk management activities. These instruments
vary in scope based on the level and volatility of interest rates, the type of assets held, and other changing market
conditions. Please see Note 15, “Derivative Financial Instruments” for further information about our use of
derivative financial instruments.
Legal Proceedings
The Company is involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of its business. All such
actions, in the aggregate, involve amounts that are believed by management to be immaterial to the financial
condition and results of operations of the Company.
NOTE 11: INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite useful life and is tested for impairment, rather than amortized, at
the reporting unit level, at least once a year. There were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the
years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. Goodwill totaled $2.4 billion at both of these dates.
Core Deposit Intangibles
As previously noted, the Company has CDI stemming from various business combinations with other banks
and thrifts. CDI is a measure of the value of checking and savings deposits acquired in a business combination. The
fair value of the CDI stemming from any given business combination is based on the present value of the expected
cost savings attributable to the core deposit funding, relative to an alternative source of funding. CDI is amortized
over the estimated useful lives of the existing deposit relationships acquired, but does not exceed 10 years. The
Company evaluates such identifiable intangibles for impairment when an indication of impairment exists. No
impairment charges were required to be recorded in 2014, 2013, or 2012. If an impairment loss is determined to
exist in the future, the loss will be recorded in “Non-interest expense” in the Consolidated Statements of Income and
Comprehensive Income for the period in which such impairment is identified.
135
Analysis of Core Deposit Intangibles
The following table summarizes the gross carrying and accumulated amortization amounts of the Company’s
CDI as of December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Core deposit intangibles
Gross Carrying
Amount
$234,364
Accumulated
Amortization
$(226,421)
Net Carrying
Amount
$7,943
For the year ended December 31, 2014, amortization expenses related to CDI totaled $8.3 million. The
Company assessed the useful lives of its intangible assets at December 31, 2014 and deemed them to be appropriate.
There were no impairment losses recorded for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, or 2012.
The following table summarizes the estimated future expense stemming from the amortization of the
Company’s CDI:
(in thousands)
2015
2016
2017
Total remaining intangible assets
Mortgage Servicing Rights
Core Deposit
Intangibles
$5,345
2,391
207
$7,943
The Company had MSRs of $227.3 million and $241.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and 2013,
with both balances consisting entirely of residential MSRs.
Residential MSRs are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded as a component of non-interest
income in each period. The Company uses various derivative instruments to mitigate the income statement-effect of
changes in fair value due to changes in valuation inputs and assumptions regarding its residential MSRs. The effects
of changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recorded in “Non-interest income” in the Consolidated Statements
of Income and Comprehensive Income. MSRs do not trade in an active open market with readily observable prices.
Accordingly, the Company bases the fair value of its MSRs on the present value of estimated future net servicing
income cash flows. The Company estimates future net servicing income cash flows with assumptions that market
participants would use to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates,
refinance rates, servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income.
The Company reassesses, and periodically adjusts, the underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect market
conditions and assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing the MSR asset.
The value of residential MSRs at any given time is significantly affected by the mortgage interest rates that are
then currently available in the marketplace which, in turn, influence mortgage loan prepayment speeds. During
periods of declining interest rates, the value of MSRs generally declines as an increase in mortgage refinancing
activity results in an increase in prepayments. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the value of MSRs
generally increases as mortgage refinancing activity declines.
Up to and including the third quarter of 2013, the Company had securitized MSRs in addition to residential
MSRs. Securitized MSRs were carried at the lower of the initial carrying value, adjusted for amortization, or fair
value, and were amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income. Such MSRs were
periodically evaluated for impairment, based on the difference between their carrying amount and their current fair
value. If it was determined that impairment existed, the resultant loss was charged to earnings. Reflecting
amortization, the Company had no securitized MSRs at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
136
The following table sets forth the changes in the balances of residential and securitized MSRs for the years
ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Carrying value, beginning of year
Additions
Increase (decrease) in fair value:
For the Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
Residential Securitized
Residential Securitized
$144,520
$241,018
80,799
34,821
$ 193
--
$ --
--
Due to changes in interest rates and valuation assumptions
Due to other changes (1)
Amortization
Carrying value, end of period
7,377
(55,919)
--
$227,297
--
--
--
$ --
70,218
(54,519)
--
$241,018
--
--
(193)
--
$
(1) Net servicing cash flows, including loan payoffs, and the passage of time.
The following table presents the key assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the Company’s
residential MSRs at the dates indicated:
Expected Weighted Average Life
Constant Prepayment Speed
Discount Rate
Primary Mortgage Rate to Refinance
Cost to Service (per loan per year):
Current
30-59 days or less delinquent
60-89 days delinquent
90-119 days delinquent
120 days or more delinquent
December 31,
2014
83 months
2013
93 months
9.3%
10.0
4.0
$ 63
213
313
413
563
8.3%
10.5
4.5
$ 53
103
203
303
553
137
NOTE 12: EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Retirement Plans
On April 1, 2002, three separate pension plans for employees of the former Queens County Savings Bank, the
former CFS Bank, and the former Richmond County Savings Bank were merged together and renamed the “New
York Community Bancorp Retirement Plan” (the “Retirement Plan”). The pension plan for employees of the former
Roslyn Savings Bank was merged into the Retirement Plan on September 30, 2004. The pension plan for employees
of the former Atlantic Bank of New York was merged into the Retirement Plan on March 31, 2008. The Retirement
Plan covers substantially all employees who had attained minimum age, service, and employment status
requirements prior to the date when the individual plans were frozen by the banks of origin. Once frozen, the
individual plans ceased to accrue additional benefits, service, and compensation factors, and became closed to
employees who would otherwise have met eligibility requirements after the “freeze” date. The following table sets
forth certain information regarding the Retirement Plan as of the dates indicated:
(in thousands)
Change in Benefit Obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Interest cost
Actuarial loss (gain)
Annuity payments
Settlements
Benefit obligation at end of year
Change in Plan Assets:
Fair value of assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Contributions
Annuity payments
Settlements
Fair value of assets at end of year
Funded status (included in “Other assets”)
Changes recognized in other comprehensive income for the year
ended December 31:
Amortization of prior service cost
Amortization of actuarial loss
Net actuarial loss (gain) arising during the year
Total recognized in other comprehensive loss for the year (pre-tax)
December 31,
2014
2013
$126,841
5,895
31,544
5,827
(1,392)
$157,061
$219,330
10,879
--
(5,827)
(1,392)
$222,990
$ 65,929
$142,614
5,455
(13,393)
(6,300)
(1,535)
$126,841
$187,623
39,542
--
(6,300)
(1,535)
$219,330
$ 92,489
$
--
(3,289)
40,100
$ 36,811
$
--
(9,406)
(36,346)
$(45,752)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (pre-tax) not yet recognized
in net periodic benefit cost at December 31:
Prior service cost
Actuarial loss, net
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss (pre-tax)
$
--
83,938
$ 83,938
$
--
47,127
$47,127
The decrease in the actuarial loss (gain) in the preceding table reflects a decline in market discount rates and
an update to mortality assumptions to reflect new standard mortality tables released by the Society of Actuaries in
October 2014.
In 2015, an estimated $8.2 million of unrecognized net actuarial loss for the Retirement Plan will be amortized
from AOCL into net periodic benefit cost. The comparable amount recognized as net periodic benefit cost in 2014
was $3.3 million. No prior service cost will be amortized in 2015 and none was amortized in 2014. The discount
rates used to determine the benefit obligation at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were 4.0% and 4.8%, respectively.
The discount rate reflects rates at which the benefit obligation could be effectively settled. To determine this
rate, the Company considers rates of return on high-quality fixed-income investments that are currently available
and are expected to be available during the period until payment of the pension benefits. The expected future
payments are discounted based on a portfolio of high-quality rated bonds (above-median AA curve) for which the
Company relies on the Citigroup Pension Liability Index published as of the measurement date.
138
The components of net periodic pension (credit) expense were as follows for the years indicated:
(in thousands)
Components of net periodic pension (credit) expense:
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of net actuarial loss
Net periodic pension (credit) expense
Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
2012
$ 5,895
(19,435)
3,289
$(10,251)
$ 5,455
(16,588)
9,406
$ (1,727)
$ 5,885
(13,256)
9,737
$ 2,366
The following table indicates the weighted average assumptions used in determining the net periodic benefit
cost for the years indicated:
Discount rate
Expected rate of return on plan assets
Years Ended December 31,
2012
2013
2014
4.5%
3.9%
4.8%
9.0
9.0
9.0
As of December 31, 2014, Retirement Plan assets were invested in two diversified investment portfolios of the
Pentegra Retirement Trust (the “Trust”, formerly known as “RSI Retirement Trust”), a private placement investment
fund.
The Company (in this context, the “Plan Sponsor”) chooses the specific asset allocation for the Retirement
Plan within the parameters set forth in the Trust’s Investment Policy Statement. The long-term investment objectives
are to maintain the Retirement Plan’s assets at a level that will sufficiently cover the Plan Sponsor’s long-term
obligations, and to generate a return on those assets that will meet or exceed the rate at which the Plan Sponsor’s
long-term obligations will grow.
The Retirement Plan allocates its assets in accordance with the following targets:
• To hold 60% of its assets in equity securities via investment in the Trust’s Long-Term Growth—Equity
(“LTGE”) Portfolio, a diversified portfolio that invests in a number of actively and passively managed
equity mutual funds and collective trusts in order to diversify within U.S. and non-U.S. equity markets;
• To hold 39% of its assets in intermediate-term investment-grade bonds via investment in the Trust’s
Long-Term Growth—Fixed Income (“LTGFI”) Portfolio, a diversified portfolio that invests in a number
of fixed-income mutual funds and collective investment trusts, primarily including intermediate-term
bond funds with a focus on U.S. investment grade securities and opportunistic allocations to below-
investment grade and non-U.S. investments; and
• To hold 1% of its assets in a cash-equivalent portfolio for liquidity purposes.
In addition, the Retirement Plan holds Company shares, the value of which is roughly equal to 10% of the
assets that are held by the Trust.
The LTGE and LTGFI portfolios are designed to provide long-term growth of equity and fixed-income assets
with the objective of achieving an investment return in excess of the cost of funding the active life, deferred vested,
and all 30-year term and longer obligations of retired lives in the Trust. Risk and volatility are further managed in
accordance with the distinct investment objectives of the Trust’s respective portfolios.
139
The following table presents information about the investments held by the Retirement Plan as of
December 31, 2014:
(in thousands)
Equity:
Large-cap value (1)
Large-cap growth (2)
Large-cap core (3)
Mid-cap value (4)
Mid-cap growth (5)
Mid-cap core (6)
Small-cap value (7)
Small-cap growth (8)
Small-cap core (9)
International equity (10)
Fixed Income Funds:
Intermediate duration (11)
Equity Securities:
Company common stock
Cash Equivalents:
Money market *
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
$ 22,216
22,061
15,652
5,344
5,363
5,126
3,746
3,724
7,500
30,031
73,245
$
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
$ 22,216
22,061
15,652
5,344
5,363
5,126
3,746
3,724
7,500
30,031
73,245
24,115
24,115
--
4,867
$ 222,990
916
$25,031
3,951
$197,959
$--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
$--
*
Includes cash equivalents investments in equity and fixed income strategies.
(1) This category contains large-cap stocks with above-average yield. The portfolio typically holds between 60 and 70 stocks.
(2) This category seeks long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in large growth companies based in the U.S.
(3) This fund tracks the performance of the S&P 500 Index by purchasing the securities represented in the Index in
approximately the same weightings as the Index.
(4) This category employs an indexing investment approach designed to track the performance of the CRSP U.S. Mid-Cap
Value Index.
(5) This category employs an indexing investment approach designed to track the performance of the CRSP U.S. Mid-Cap
Growth Index.
(6) This category seeks to track the performance of the S&P MidCap 400 Index.
(7) This category consists of a selection of investments based on the Russell 2000 Value Index.
(8) This category consists of a selection of investments based on the Russell 2000 Growth Index.
(9) This category consists of an index fund designed to track the Russell 2000, along with a fund investing in readily marketable
securities of U.S. companies with market capitalizations within the smallest 10% of the market universe, or smaller than the
1000th largest U.S. company.
(10) This category has investments in medium to large non-U.S. companies, including high-quality, durable growth companies
and companies based in countries with stable economic and political systems. A portion of this category consists of an index
fund designed to track the MSC ACWI ex-U.S. Net Dividend Return Index.
(11) This category consists of three funds. The first is a diversified portfolio of high-quality bonds and other fixed-income
securities, including U.S. Government obligations, mortgage-related and asset backed securities, corporate and municipal
bonds, CMOs, and other securities rated Baa or better. The second fund emphasizes a more globally diversified portfolio of
higher-quality, intermediate-term bonds. The third fund seeks to track the Barclays Capital U.S. Corporate A or Better 5-20
Year, Bullets-only Index.
140
Current Asset Allocation
The asset allocations for the Retirement Plan as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
Equity securities
Debt securities
Cash equivalents
Total
At December 31,
2013
2014
72%
65%
28
33
--
2
100%
100%
Determination of Long-Term Rate of Return
The long-term rate-of-return-on-assets assumption was set based on historical returns earned by equities and
fixed income securities, adjusted to reflect expectations of future returns as applied to the Retirement Plan’s target
allocation of asset classes. Equities and fixed income securities were assumed to earn long-term rates of return in the
ranges of 6%-9% and 3%-5%, respectively, with an assumed long-term inflation rate of 2.5% reflected within these
ranges. When these overall return expectations are applied to the Retirement Plan’s target allocation, the result is an
expected rate of return of 5% to 8%.
Expected Contributions
The Company does not expect to contribute to the Retirement Plan in 2015.
Expected Future Annuity Payments
The following annuity payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid
by the Retirement Plan during the years indicated:
(in thousands)
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020 and thereafter
Total
Qualified Savings Plan
$ 7,139
7,205
7,284
7,394
7,595
40,101
$76,718
The Company maintains a defined contribution qualified savings plan (the “Savings Plan”) in which all full-
time employees are able to participate after one year of service and having attained age 21. No matching
contributions are made by the Company to this plan.
Post-Retirement Health and Welfare Benefits
The Company offers certain post-retirement benefits, including medical, dental, and life insurance (the
“Health & Welfare Plan”) to retired employees, depending on age and years of service at the time of retirement. The
costs of such benefits are accrued during the years that an employee renders the necessary service.
141
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Health & Welfare Plan as of the dates
indicated:
(in thousands)
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Actuarial loss (gain)
Premiums and claims paid
Benefit obligation at end of year
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of assets at beginning of year
Employer contribution
Premiums and claims paid
Fair value of assets at end of year
Funded status (included in “Other liabilities”)
Changes recognized in other comprehensive income for the year
ended December 31:
Amortization of prior service cost
Amortization of actuarial gain
Net actuarial loss (gain) arising during the year
Total recognized in other comprehensive loss for the year (pre-tax)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (pre-tax) not yet recognized
in net periodic benefit cost at December 31:
Prior service cost
Actuarial loss, net
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss (pre-tax)
December 31,
2014
2013
$ 18,322
4
759
238
(948)
$ 18,375
$
--
948
(948)
--
$
$(18,375)
$ 20,319
4
683
(1,972)
(712)
$ 18,322
$
--
712
(712)
--
$
$(18,322)
$
$
249
(474)
238
13
$
249
(657)
(1,972 )
$(2,380 )
$ (1,782)
7,400
$ 5,618
$ (2,031)
7,636
$ 5,605
The discount rates used in the preceding table were 4.0% and 4.3%, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and
2013.
The estimated net actuarial loss and the prior service liability that will be amortized from AOCL into net
periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year are $383,000 and $249,000, respectively.
The following table indicates the components of net periodic benefit cost for the years indicated:
(in thousands)
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost:
Service cost
Interest cost
Amortization of past-service liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss
Net periodic benefit cost
Years Ended December 31,
2012
2014 2013
$
4
759
(249)
474
$ 988
$ 4
683
(249)
657
$1,095
$ 7
641
(249)
505
$ 904
The following table indicates the weighted average assumptions used in determining the net periodic benefit
cost for the years indicated:
Discount rate
Current medical trend rate
Ultimate trend rate
Year when ultimate trend rate will be reached
Years Ended December 31,
2012
2013
2014
3.9%
3.5%
4.3 %
8.0
7.5
7.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
2018
2018
2018
142
Had the assumed medical trend rate at December 31, 2014 increased by 1% for each future year, the
accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation at that date would have increased by $890,000, and the aggregate of
the benefits earned and the interest components of 2014 net post-retirement benefit cost would each have increased
by $33,000. Had the assumed medical trend rate decreased by 1% for each future year, the accumulated post-
retirement benefit obligation at December 31, 2014 would have declined by $750,000, and the aggregate of the
benefits earned and the interest components of 2014 net post-retirement benefit cost would each have declined by
$28,000.
Investment Policies and Strategies
The Health & Welfare Plan is an unfunded non-qualified pension plan and is not expected to hold assets for
investment at any time. Any contributions made to the Health & Welfare Plan are used to immediately pay plan
premiums and claims as they come due.
Expected Contributions
The Company expects to contribute $1.3 million to the Health & Welfare Plan to pay premiums and claims for
the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015.
Expected Future Payments for Premiums and Claims
The following amounts are currently expected to be paid for premiums and claims during the years indicated
under the Health & Welfare Plan:
(in thousands)
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020 and thereafter
Total
$ 1,310
1,300
1,284
1,263
1,233
5,751
$12,141
NOTE 13: STOCK-RELATED BENEFIT PLANS
New York Community Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan
All full-time employees who have attained 21 years of age and who have completed twelve consecutive
months of credited service are eligible to participate in the Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”), with benefits
vesting on a seven-year basis, starting with 20% in the third year of employment and continuing in 20% increments
in each successive year. Benefits are payable upon death, retirement, disability, or separation from service, and may
be paid in stock. However, in the event of a change in control, as defined in the ESOP, any unvested portion of
benefits shall vest immediately.
In 2014, 2013, and 2012, the Company allocated 560,228; 505,354; and 644,007 shares, respectively, to
participants in the ESOP. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, the Company recorded ESOP-
related compensation expense of $8.8 million, $8.5 million, and $8.4 million, respectively.
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
In 1993, the Community Bank established a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”), which
provided additional unfunded, non-qualified benefits to certain participants in the ESOP in the form of Company
common stock. The SERP was frozen in 1999. Trust-held assets, consisting entirely of Company common stock,
amounted to 1,560,294 and 1,464,641 shares at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The cost of these shares
is reflected as a reduction of paid-in capital in excess of par in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. The
Company recorded no SERP-related compensation expense in 2014, 2013, or 2012.
Stock Incentive and Stock Option Plans
At December 31, 2014, the Company had a total of 14,480,253 shares available for grants as options,
restricted stock, or other forms of related rights under the New York Community Bancorp, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive
Plan (the “2012 Stock Incentive Plan”), which was approved by the Company’s shareholders at its Annual Meeting
on June 7, 2012. Included in this amount were 1,030,673 shares that were transferred from the 2006 Stock Incentive
143
Plan, which was approved by the Company’s shareholders at its Annual Meeting on June 7, 2006 and reapproved at
its Annual Meeting on June 2, 2011. The Company granted 2,377,498 shares of restricted stock during the twelve
months ended December 31, 2014, with an average fair value of $16.79 per share on the date of grant. During 2013
and 2012, the Company granted 2,327,522, shares and 2,040,425 shares, respectively, of restricted stock. The
respective shares had average fair values of $13.64, and $12.78 per share on the respective grant dates. The shares of
restricted stock that were granted during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 vest over a period of
five years. Compensation and benefits expense related to the restricted stock grants is recognized on a straight-line
basis over the vesting period, and totaled $27.5 million, $22.2 million, and $20.7 million, respectively, for the years
ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.
The following table provides a summary of activity with regard to restricted stock awards in the year ended
December 31, 2014:
Unvested at beginning of year
Granted
Vested
Cancelled
Unvested at end of year
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2014
Number of Shares
5,043,642
2,377,498
(1,494,531)
(124,200)
5,802,409
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
$14.27
16.79
14.44
15.30
15.24
As of December 31, 2014, unrecognized compensation cost relating to unvested restricted stock totaled $65.9
million. This amount will be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 3.1 years.
In addition, the Company had the following stock option plans at December 31, 2014: the 1998 Richmond
County Financial Corp. Stock Compensation Plan; the 1998 Long Island Financial Corp. Stock Option Plan; and the
2004 Synergy Financial Group Stock Option Plans (all plans collectively referred to as the “Stock Option Plans”).
All stock options granted under the Stock Option Plans expire ten years from the date of grant.
The Company uses the modified prospective approach to recognize compensation costs related to share-based
payments at fair value on the date of grant, and recognizes such costs in the financial statements over the vesting
period during which the employee provides service in exchange for the award. As there were no unvested options at
any time during 2014, 2013 or 2012, the Company did not record any compensation and benefits expense relating to
stock options during those years.
To satisfy the exercise of options, the Company either issues new shares of common stock or uses common
stock held in Treasury. In the event that Treasury stock is used, the difference between the average cost of Treasury
shares and the exercise price is recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings or paid-in capital on the date of
exercise. At December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, there were 58,560; 126,821; and 2,641,344 stock
options outstanding. There were no shares available for future issuance under the Stock Option Plans at
December 31, 2014.
The status of the Stock Option Plans at December 31, 2014, and the changes that occurred during the year
ended at that date, are summarized below:
Stock options outstanding, beginning of year
Exercised
Expired/forfeited
Stock options outstanding, end of year
Options exercisable at year-end
For the Year Ended December 31, 2014
Weighted Average
Number of Stock
Exercise Price
Options
$15.21
126,821
12.69
(42,214)
12.94
(26,047)
18.04
58,560
18.04
58,560
144
The intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2014 was $0. The intrinsic
values of options exercised during the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were $132,000 and
$106,000, respectively. There were no stock options exercised during the twelve months ended December 31, 2012.
NOTE 14: FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
GAAP sets forth a definition of fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value, and
requires disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or non-
recurring basis. GAAP also clarifies that fair value is an “exit” price, representing the amount that would be received
when selling an asset, or paid when transferring a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants.
Fair value is thus a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market
participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, GAAP
establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
• Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or
liabilities in active markets.
• Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in
active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for
substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
• Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are significant unobservable inputs that reflect a
company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants use in pricing an asset or
liability.
A financial instrument’s categorization within this valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input
that is significant to the fair value measurement.
145
The following tables present assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
December 31, 2014 and 2013, and that were included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at
those dates:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2014 Using
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Netting
Adjustments(1)
Total
Fair Value
$
$
--
--
--
--
$
--
--
95,051
16,984
$112,035
$112,035
$
--
--
--
2,655
$
$
$
$
$
$
$ 19,700
--
--
$ 19,700
$
942
11,482
27,960
1,664
$ 42,048
$ 61,748
$379,399
--
--
8,429
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
227,297
4,397
--
$
$
$
$
$
$
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
(7,198)
$ 19,700
--
--
$ 19,700
$
942
11,482
123,011
18,648
$154,083
$173,783
$379,399
227,297
4,397
3,886
$
(346)
$ (7,862)
$
--
$ 7,696
$
(512)
(in thousands)
Assets:
Mortgage-Related Securities
Available for Sale:
GSE certificates
GSE CMOs
Private label CMOs
Total mortgage-related securities
Other Securities Available for Sale:
Municipal bonds
Capital trust notes
Preferred stock
Common stock
Total other securities
Total securities available for sale
Other Assets:
Loans held for sale
Mortgage servicing rights
Interest rate lock commitments
Derivative assets-other(2)
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities
(1) Includes cash collateral received from, and paid to, counterparties.
(2) Includes $2.6 million to purchase Treasury options.
146
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2013 Using
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Netting
Adjustments(1)
Total
Fair Value
$
$
--
--
--
--
$
--
--
89,942
52,740
$142,682
$142,682
$
--
--
--
1,267
$
$
$
$
$
$
$ 25,200
60,819
10,202
$ 96,221
$
1,026
11,798
26,297
2,714
$ 41,835
$138,056
$306,915
--
--
5,155
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
241,018
258
--
$
$
$
$
$
$
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
(4,848)
$ 25,200
60,819
10,202
$ 96,221
$
1,026
11,798
116,239
55,454
$184,517
$280,738
$306,915
241,018
258
1,574
$
(590)
$ (7,422)
$
--
$ 7,624
$
(388)
(in thousands)
Assets:
Mortgage-Related Securities
Available for Sale:
GSE certificates
GSE CMOs
Private label CMOs
Total mortgage-related securities
Other Securities Available for Sale:
Municipal bonds
Capital trust notes
Preferred stock
Common stock
Total other securities
Total securities available for sale
Other Assets:
Loans held for sale
Mortgage servicing rights
Interest rate lock commitments
Derivative assets-other(2)
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities
(1) Includes cash collateral received from, and paid to, counterparties.
(2) Includes $1.3 million to purchase Treasury options.
The Company reviews and updates the fair value hierarchy classifications for its assets on a quarterly basis.
Changes from one quarter to the next that are related to the observability of inputs for a fair value measurement may
result in a reclassification from one hierarchy level to another.
A description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair values of available-for-
sale securities follows.
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation
hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government securities, exchange-traded securities, and
derivatives.
If quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, then fair values are estimated by using
pricing models. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as
inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition
to observable market information, models incorporate transaction details such as maturity and cash flow
assumptions. Securities valued in this manner would generally be classified within Level 2 of the valuation
hierarchy, and primarily include such instruments as mortgage-related and corporate debt securities.
In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities
are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. In valuing capital trust notes, which may include pooled
trust preferred securities, collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), and certain single-issue capital trust notes, the
determination of fair value may require benchmarking to similar instruments or analyzing default and recovery rates.
Therefore, capital trust notes are valued using a model based on the specific collateral composition and cash flow
structure of the securities. Key inputs to the model consist of market spread data for each credit rating, collateral
type, and other relevant contractual features. In instances where quoted price information is available, the price is
considered when arriving at a security’s fair value. Where there is limited activity or less transparency around the
inputs to the valuation of preferred stock, the valuation is based on a discounted cash flow model.
147
Periodically, the Company uses fair values supplied by independent pricing services to corroborate the fair
values derived from the pricing models. In addition, the Company reviews the fair values supplied by independent
pricing services, as well as their underlying pricing methodologies, for reasonableness. The Company challenges
pricing services’ valuations that appear to be unusual or unexpected.
The Company carries loans held for sale originated by the Residential Mortgage Banking segment at fair
value, in accordance with ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments.” The fair value of loans held for sale is primarily
based on quoted market prices for securities backed by similar types of loans. Changes in the fair value of these
assets are largely driven by changes in interest rates subsequent to loan funding, and changes in the fair value of
servicing associated with the mortgage loans held for sale. Loans held for sale are classified within Level 2 of the
valuation hierarchy.
MSRs do not trade in an active open market with readily observable prices. The Company bases the fair value
of its MSRs on the present value of estimated future net servicing income cash flows, utilizing an internal valuation
model. The Company estimates future net servicing income cash flows with assumptions that market participants
would use to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, refinance
rates, servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income. The
Company reassesses and periodically adjusts the underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect market conditions and
assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing the MSR asset. MSR fair value measurements use
significant unobservable inputs and, accordingly, are classified within Level 3.
Exchange-traded derivatives that are valued using quoted prices are classified within Level 1 of the valuation
hierarchy. The majority of the Company’s derivative positions are valued using internally developed models that use
readily observable market parameters as their basis. These are parameters that are actively quoted and can be
validated by external sources, including industry pricing services. Where the types of derivative products have been
in existence for some time, the Company uses models that are widely accepted in the financial services industry.
These models reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and market-based
parameters such as interest rates, volatility, and the credit quality of the counterparty. Furthermore, many of these
models do not contain a high level of subjectivity, as the methodologies used in the models do not require significant
judgment, and inputs to the models are readily observable from actively quoted markets, as is the case for “plain
vanilla” interest rate swaps and option contracts. Such instruments are generally classified within Level 2 of the
valuation hierarchy. Derivatives that are valued based on models with significant unobservable market parameters,
and that are normally traded less actively, have trade activity that is one-way, and/or are traded in less-developed
markets, are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
The fair values of IRLCs for residential mortgage loans that the Company intends to sell are based on
internally developed models. The key model inputs primarily include the sum of the value of the forward
commitment based on the loans’ expected settlement dates and the projected values of the MSRs, loan level price
adjustment factors, and historical IRLC closing ratios. The closing ratio is computed by the Company’s mortgage
banking operation and is periodically reviewed by management for reasonableness. Such derivatives are classified as
Level 3.
While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those of other market
participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair values of certain financial
instruments could result in different estimates of fair values at a reporting date.
Fair Value Option
Loans Held for Sale
The Company has elected the fair value option for its loans held for sale. The Company’s loans held for sale
consist of one-to-four family mortgage loans, none of which was 90 days or more past due at December 31, 2014.
Management believes that the mortgage banking business operates on a short-term cycle. Therefore, in order to
reflect the most relevant valuations for the key components of this business, and to reduce timing differences in
amounts recognized in earnings, the Company has elected to record loans held for sale at fair value to match the
recognition of IRLCs, MSRs, and derivatives, all of which are recorded at fair value in earnings. Fair value is based
on independent quoted market prices of mortgage-backed securities comprised of loans with similar features to those
of the Company’s loans held for sale, where available, and adjusted as necessary for such items as servicing value,
guaranty fee premiums, and credit spread adjustments.
148
The following table reflects the difference between the fair value carrying amount of loans held for sale for
which the Company has elected the fair value option, and the unpaid principal balance:
2014
2013
December 31,
Fair Value
Carrying
Amount
$201,012
Aggregate
Unpaid
Principal
$194,692
Fair Value
Carrying Amount
Less Aggregate
Unpaid Principal
$6,320
Fair Value
Carrying
Amount
$306,915
Aggregate
Unpaid
Principal
$303,805
Fair Value
Carrying Amount
Less Aggregate
Unpaid Principal
$3,110
(in thousands)
Loans held for sale
Gains and Losses Included in Income for Assets Where the Fair Value Option Has Been Elected
The assets accounted for under the fair value option are initially measured at fair value. Gains and losses from
the initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.
The following table presents the changes in fair value related to initial measurement, and the subsequent
changes in fair value included in earnings, for loans held for sale and MSRs for the periods indicated:
Gain (Loss) Included in
Mortgage Banking Income
from Changes in Fair Value(1)
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2013
$(10,260)
15,699
2012
$102,642
(88,303)
$ 14,339
2014
$ 11,681
(48,542)
$(36,861)
$ 5,439
(in thousands)
Loans held for sale
Mortgage servicing rights
Total (loss) gain
(1) Does not include the effect of hedging activities.
The Company has determined that there is no instrument-specific credit risk related to its loans held for sale,
due to the short duration of such assets.
149
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1
For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2014, the
significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:
(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage Servicing Rights
Fair Value at
Dec. 31, 2014 Valuation Technique
Significant Unobservable Inputs
$227,297
Discounted Cash Flow Weighted Average Constant
Significant
Unobservable
Input Value
Prepayment Rate (1)
Weighted Average Discount Rate
9.30%
10.00
Interest Rate Lock
Commitments
4,397 Discounted Cash Flow Weighted Average Closing Ratio
76.81
(1) Represents annualized loan repayment rate assumptions.
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s MSRs are the
weighted average constant prepayment rate and the weighted average discount rate. Significant increases or
decreases in either of those inputs in isolation could result in significantly lower or higher fair value measurements.
Although the constant prepayment rate and the discount rate are not directly interrelated, they generally move in
opposite directions.
The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s IRLCs is the closing
ratio, which represents the percentage of loans currently in an interest rate lock position that management estimates
will ultimately close. Generally, the fair value of an IRLC is positive if the prevailing interest rate is lower than the
IRLC rate, and the fair value of an IRLC is negative if the prevailing interest rate is higher than the IRLC rate.
Therefore, an increase in the closing ratio (i.e., a higher percentage of loans estimated to close) will result in the fair
value of the IRLC increasing if in a gain position, or decreasing if in a loss position. The closing ratio is largely
dependent on the stage of processing that a loan is currently in, and the change in prevailing interest rates from the
time of the interest rate lock.
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
Certain assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Such instruments are subject to fair value
adjustments under certain circumstances (e.g., when there is evidence of impairment). The following tables present
assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 and 2013,
and that were included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at those dates:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2014 Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
$--
--
$--
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
$
--
15,916
$15,916
Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
$23,366
--
$23,366
Total Fair
Value
$23,366
15,916
$39,282
(in thousands)
Certain impaired loans
Other assets (1)
Total
(1) Represents the fair value of OREO, based on the appraised value of the collateral subsequent to its initial classification as
OREO.
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2013 Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
$--
--
$--
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
--
$
19,810
$19,810
Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
$47,535
--
$47,535
Total Fair
Value
$47,535
19,810
$67,345
(in thousands)
Certain impaired loans
Other assets (1)
Total
(1) Represents the fair value of OREO, based on the appraised value of the collateral subsequent to its initial classification as
OREO.
151
The fair values of collateral-dependent impaired loans are determined using various valuation techniques,
including consideration of appraised values and other pertinent real estate market data.
Other Fair Value Disclosures
FASB guidance requires the disclosure of fair value information about the Company’s on- and off-balance
sheet financial instruments. When available, quoted market prices are used as the measure of fair value. In cases
where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on present-value estimates or other valuation
techniques. Such fair values are significantly affected by the assumptions used, the timing of future cash flows, and
the discount rate.
Because assumptions are inherently subjective in nature, estimated fair values cannot be substantiated by
comparison to independent market quotes. Furthermore, in many cases, the estimated fair values provided would not
necessarily be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of such instruments.
The following tables summarize the carrying values, estimated fair values, and fair value measurement levels
of financial instruments that were not carried at fair value on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition
at December 31, 2014 and 2013:
(in thousands)
Financial Assets:
Carrying
Value
Estimated
Fair Value
December 31, 2014
Fair Value Measurement Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Cash and cash equivalents
Securities held to maturity
FHLB stock(1)
Loans, net
$ 564,150 $ 564,150
7,085,971
515,327
36,167,980
6,922,667
515,327
35,647,639
$
564,150
--
--
--
$
--
7,084,959
515,327
--
$
--
1,012
--
36,167,980
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits
Borrowed funds
$28,328,734 $28,377,897
15,140,171
14,226,487
$21,908,136(2)
--
$ 6,469,761(3)
15,140,171
$
--
--
(1) Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.
(2) NOW and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.
(3) Certificates of deposit.
(in thousands)
Financial Assets:
Carrying
Value
Estimated
Fair Value
December 31, 2013
Fair Value Measurement Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Cash and cash equivalents
Securities held to maturity
FHLB stock(1)
Loans, net
$ 644,550 $ 644,550
7,445,244
561,390
32,628,361
7,670,282
561,390
32,727,507
$
644,550
--
--
--
$
--
7,438,091
561,390
--
$
--
7,153
--
32,628,361
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits
Borrowed funds
$25,660,992 $25,712,388
16,058,931
15,105,002
$18,728,896(2)
--
$ 6,983,492 (3)
16,058,931
$
--
--
(1) Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.
(2) NOW and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.
(3) Certificates of deposit.
152
The methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair values for the Company’s financial instruments
follow:
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks and federal funds sold. The estimated fair values
of cash and cash equivalents are assumed to equal their carrying values, as these financial instruments are either due
on demand or have short-term maturities.
Securities
If quoted market prices are not available for a specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing
models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. These pricing models
primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to,
yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information,
pricing models also incorporate transaction details such as maturity and cash flow assumptions.
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
Ownership in equity securities of the FHLB is restricted and there is no established market for their resale.
The carrying amount approximates the fair value.
Loans
The loan portfolio is segregated into various components for valuation purposes in order to group loans based
on their significant financial characteristics, such as loan type (mortgage or other) and payment status (performing or
non-performing). The estimated fair values of mortgage and other loans are computed by discounting the anticipated
cash flows from the respective portfolios. The discount rates reflect current market rates for loans with similar terms
to borrowers of similar credit quality. The estimated fair values of non-performing mortgage and other loans are
based on recent collateral appraisals.
The methods used to estimate the fair values of loans are extremely sensitive to the assumptions and estimates
used. While management has attempted to use assumptions and estimates that best reflect the Company’s loan
portfolio and current market conditions, a greater degree of subjectivity is inherent in these values than in those
determined in active markets. Accordingly, readers are cautioned in using this information for purposes of
evaluating the financial condition and/or value of the Company in and of itself or in comparison with any other
company.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
MSRs do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. Accordingly, the Company utilizes a
valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future cash flows. The model incorporates various
assumptions, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, refinance rates, servicing costs, and ancillary
income. The Company reassesses and periodically adjusts the underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect current
market conditions and assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing the MSR asset.
Derivative Financial Instruments
For exchange-traded futures and exchange-traded options, fair value is based on observable quoted market
prices in an active market. For forward commitments to buy and sell loans and mortgage-backed securities, fair
value is based on observable market prices for similar loans and securities in an active market. The fair value of
IRLCs for one-to-four family mortgage loans that the Company intends to sell is based on internally developed
models. The key model inputs primarily include the sum of the value of the forward commitment based on the
loans’ expected settlement dates, the value of MSRs arrived at by an independent MSR broker, government agency
price adjustment factors, and historical IRLC fall-out factors.
Deposits
The fair values of deposit liabilities with no stated maturity (i.e., NOW and money market accounts, savings
accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts) are equal to the carrying amounts payable on demand. The fair values
of CDs represent contractual cash flows, discounted using interest rates currently offered on deposits with similar
characteristics and remaining maturities. These estimated fair values do not include the intangible value of core
deposit relationships, which comprise a significant portion of the Company’s deposit base.
153
Borrowed Funds
The estimated fair value of borrowed funds is based either on bid quotations received from securities dealers
or the discounted value of contractual cash flows with interest rates currently in effect for borrowed funds with
similar maturities and structures.
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
The fair values of commitments to extend credit and unadvanced lines of credit are estimated based on an
analysis of the interest rates and fees currently charged to enter into similar transactions, considering the remaining
terms of the commitments and the creditworthiness of the potential borrowers. The estimated fair values of such off-
balance sheet financial instruments were insignificant at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
NOTE 15: DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company’s derivative financial instruments consist of financial forward and futures contracts, IRLCs, and
options. These derivatives relate to mortgage banking operations, MSRs, and other risk management activities, and
seek to mitigate or reduce the Company’s exposure to losses from adverse changes in interest rates. These activities
will vary in scope based on the level and volatility of interest rates, the type of assets held, and other changing
market conditions.
In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, the Company takes into account the impact of
collateral and master netting agreements that allow it to settle all derivative contracts held with a single counterparty
on a net basis, and to offset the net derivative position with the related collateral when recognizing derivative assets
and liabilities. As a result, the Company’s Statements of Financial Condition could reflect derivative contracts with
negative fair values that are included in derivative assets, and contracts with positive fair values that are included in
derivative liabilities.
The Company held derivatives with a notional amount of $3.4 billion at December 31, 2014. Changes in the
fair value of these derivatives are reflected in current-period earnings. None of these derivatives are designated as
hedges for accounting purposes.
The Company uses various financial instruments, including derivatives, in connection with its strategies to
reduce pricing risk resulting from changes in interest rates. Derivative instruments may include IRLCs entered into
with borrowers or correspondents/brokers to acquire agency-conforming fixed and adjustable rate residential
mortgage loans that will be held for sale, as well as Treasury options and Eurodollar futures.
The Company enters into forward contracts to sell fixed rate mortgage-backed securities to protect against
changes in the prices of agency-conforming fixed rate loans held for sale. Forward contracts are entered into with
securities dealers in an amount related to the portion of IRLCs that is expected to close. The value of these forward
sales contracts moves inversely with the value of the loans in response to changes in interest rates.
To manage the price risk associated with fixed-rate non-conforming mortgage loans, the Company generally
enters into forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities or forward commitments to sell loans to approved
investors. Short positions in Eurodollar futures contracts are used to manage price risk on adjustable rate mortgage
loans held for sale.
The Company also purchases put and call options to manage the risk associated with variations in the amount
of IRLCs that ultimately close.
154
The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s derivative financial instruments at
December 31, 2014:
December 31, 2014
Notional
Amount
(in thousands)
$ 610,000
Treasury options
25,000
Treasury futures
75,000
Eurodollar futures
Forward commitments to sell loans/mortgage-backed securities
1,050,470
Forward commitments to buy loans/mortgage-backed securities 1,104,469
Interest rate lock commitments
495,794
$ 3,360,733
Total derivatives
Unrealized (1)
Gain
$
12
57
11
8
8,421
4,397
$12,906
Loss
$ 337
--
9
7,862
--
--
$8,208
(1) Derivatives in a net gain position are recorded as “Other assets” and derivatives in a net loss position are recorded as
“Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.
In addition, the Company mitigates a portion of the risk associated with changes in the value of MSRs. The
general strategy for mitigating this risk is to purchase derivative instruments, the value of which changes in the
opposite direction of interest rates, thus partially offsetting changes in the value of our servicing assets, which tends
to move in the same direction as interest rates. Accordingly, the Company purchases Eurodollar futures and call
options on Treasury securities, and enters into forward contracts to purchase mortgage-backed securities.
The following table sets forth the effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income
and Comprehensive Income for the periods indicated:
(in thousands)
Treasury options
Treasury and Eurodollar futures
Forward commitments to buy/sell loans/mortgage-
backed securities
Total gain
Gain (Loss) Included in Mortgage Banking Income
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2012
2013
2014
$ (120)
$(10,224)
$ 1,968
(1,468)
(38)
333
12,009
$14,310
17,727
$ 7,465
3,026
$ 1,438
The Company has in place an enforceable master netting arrangement with every counterparty. All master
netting arrangements include rights to offset associated with the Company’s recognized derivative assets, derivative
liabilities, and cash collateral received and pledged. Accordingly, the Company, where appropriate, offsets all
derivative asset and liability positions with the cash collateral received and pledged.
155
The following tables present the effect the master netting arrangements had on the presentation of the
derivative assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition as of the dates indicated:
December 31, 2014
Gross
Amount of
Recognized
Assets (1)
$15,481
Gross Amount
Offset in the
Statement of
Condition
$7,198
Net Amount of
Assets Presented
in the Statement
of Condition
$8,283
(in thousands)
Derivatives
(1) Includes $2.6 million to purchase Treasury options.
Gross Amounts Not
Offset in the
Consolidated Statement
of Condition
Financial
Instruments
$--
Cash
Collateral
Received
$--
Net
Amount
$8,283
December 31, 2013
Gross
Amount of
Recognized
Assets (1)
$6,680
Gross Amount
Offset in the
Statement of
Condition
$4,848
Net Amount of
Assets Presented
in the Statement
of Condition
$1,832
(in thousands)
Derivatives
(1) Includes $1.3 million to purchase Treasury options.
Gross Amounts Not
Offset in the
Consolidated Statement
of Condition
Financial
Instruments
$--
Cash
Collateral
Received
$--
Net
Amount
$1,832
The following tables present the effect the master netting arrangements had on the presentation of the
derivative liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Condition as of the dates indicated:
December 31, 2014
Gross
Amount of
Recognized
Liabilities
$8,208
Gross Amount
Offset in the
Statement of
Condition
$7,696
Net Amount of
Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Condition
$512
Gross Amounts Not
Offset in the
Consolidated Statement
of Condition
Financial
Instruments
$--
Cash
Collateral
Pledged
$--
Net
Amount
$512
December 31, 2013
Gross
Amount of
Recognized
Liabilities
$8,012
Gross Amount
Offset in the
Statement of
Condition
$7,624
Net Amount of
Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Condition
$388
Gross Amounts Not
Offset in the
Consolidated Statement
of Condition
Financial
Instruments
$--
Cash
Collateral
Pledged
$--
Net
Amount
$388
(in thousands)
Derivatives
(in thousands)
Derivatives
NOTE 16: DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS ON SUBSIDIARY BANKS
Various legal restrictions limit the extent to which the Company’s subsidiary banks can supply funds to the
Parent Company and its non-bank subsidiaries. The Company’s subsidiary banks would require the approval of the
Superintendent of the New York State Department of Financial Services (the “NYDFS”) if the dividends they
declared in any calendar year were to exceed the total of their respective net profits for that year combined with their
respective retained net profits for the preceding two calendar years, less any required transfer to paid-in capital. The
term “net profits” is defined as the remainder of all earnings from current operations plus actual recoveries on loans,
investments, and other assets, after deducting from the total thereof all current operating expenses, actual losses if
any, and all federal, state, and local taxes. In 2014, dividends of $410.0 million were paid by the Banks to the Parent
Company; at December 31, 2014, the Banks could have paid additional dividends of $195.9 million to the Parent
Company without regulatory approval.
156
NOTE 17: PARENT COMPANY-ONLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following tables present the condensed financial statements for New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
December 31,
2014
2013
$ 89,518
2,002
6,039,718
7,859
32,165
$6,171,262
$ 126,165
2,545
5,961,367
5,152
32,458
$6,127,687
$ 358,355
31,092
389,447
5,781,815
$6,171,262
$ 358,126
33,899
392,025
5,735,662
$6,127,687
Years Ended December 31,
2013
$ 702
450,000
--
--
525
451,227
38,268
2012
$ 1,121
485,000
--
(2,313)
1,174
484,982
44,651
2014
$ 715
410,000
261
--
520
411,496
42,370
369,126
17,570
386,696
98,701
$485,397
412,959
16,547
429,506
46,041
$475,547
440,331
20,029
460,360
40,746
$501,106
(parent company only):
Condensed Statements of Condition
(in thousands)
ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
Securities available for sale
Investments in subsidiaries
Receivables from subsidiaries
Other assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Junior subordinated debentures
Other liabilities
Total liabilities
Stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Condensed Statements of Income
(in thousands)
Interest income
Dividends received from subsidiaries
Gain on sale of securities
Loss on debt redemption
Other income
Gross income
Operating expenses
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed
earnings of subsidiaries
Income tax benefit
Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
Net income
157
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income
Change in other assets
Change in other liabilities
Other, net
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
Net cash provided by operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from sales and repayments of securities
Change in receivable from subsidiaries, net
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Treasury stock purchases
Cash dividends paid on common stock
Net cash received from exercise of stock options
Payments for debt redemptions
Net cash used in financing activities
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
NOTE 18: REGULATORY MATTERS
Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
2012
$ 485,397
293
(2,807)
30,739
(98,701)
$ 414,921
$ 475,547
(3,841)
6,342
24,135
(46,041)
$ 456,142
$ 501,106
(154)
(8,799)
21,474
(40,746)
$ 472,881
$ 566
(2,707)
$ (2,141)
$ 151
1,428
$ 1,579
$ 1,276
(409)
$ 867
$ (7,283)
(442,204)
60
--
$(449,427)
(36,647)
126,165
$ 89,518
$ (5,319)
(440,308)
326
--
$(445,301)
12,420
113,745
$ 126,165
$ (3,522)
(438,539)
--
(159,210)
$(601,271)
(127,523)
241,268
$ 113,745
The Company is subject to examination, regulation, and periodic reporting under the Bank Holding Company
Act of 1956, as amended, which is administered by the FRB. The FRB has adopted capital adequacy guidelines for
bank holding companies (on a consolidated basis) that are substantially similar to those of the FDIC for the Banks.
The following tables present the regulatory capital ratios for the Company at December 31, 2014 and 2013, in
comparison with the minimum amounts and ratios required by the FRB for capital adequacy purposes:
At December 31, 2014
(dollars in thousands)
Total regulatory capital
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes
Excess
Leverage Capital
Amount
$3,731,430
1,856,755
$1,874,675
Ratio
8.04%
4.00
4.04%
Tier 1
Amount Ratio
$3,731,430 12.30 %
1,213,802
$2,517,628
4.00
8.30 %
Total
Amount Ratio
$3,919,248 12.92%
2,427,605
$1,491,643
8.00
4.92%
Risk-Based Capital
At December 31, 2013
(dollars in thousands)
Total regulatory capital
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes
Excess
Leverage Capital
Amount
$3,664,082
1,745,857
$1,918,225
Ratio
8.39%
4.00
4.39%
Tier 1
Amount Ratio
$3,664,082 12.84%
1,141,644
$2,522,438
4.00
8.84%
Total
Amount Ratio
$3,870,921 13.56%
2,283,287
$1,587,634
8.00
5.56%
Risk-Based Capital
The Banks are subject to regulation, examination, and supervision by the NYDFS and the FDIC (the
“Regulators”). The Banks are also governed by numerous federal and state laws and regulations, including the FDIC
Improvement Act of 1991, which established five categories of capital adequacy ranging from well capitalized to
critically undercapitalized. Such classifications are used by the FDIC to determine various matters, including prompt
corrective action and each institution’s FDIC deposit insurance premium assessments. Capital amounts and
classifications are also subject to the Regulators’ qualitative judgments about the components of capital and risk
weightings, among other factors.
The quantitative measures established to ensure capital adequacy require that banks maintain minimum
amounts and ratios of leverage capital to average assets, and of Tier 1 and total risk-based capital to risk-weighted
158
assets (as such measures are defined in the regulations). At December 31, 2014, the Banks exceeded all the capital
adequacy requirements to which they were subject.
As of December 31, 2014, the most recent notifications from the FDIC categorized the Community Bank and
the Commercial Bank as “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be
categorized as well capitalized, a bank must maintain a minimum leverage capital ratio of 5.00%; a minimum Tier 1
risk-based capital ratio of 6.00%; and a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 10.00%. In the opinion of
management, no conditions or events have transpired since said notification to change these capital adequacy
classifications.
The following tables present the actual capital amounts and ratios for the Community Bank at December 31,
2014 and 2013 in comparison to the minimum amounts and ratios required for capital adequacy purposes:
At December 31, 2014
(dollars in thousands)
Total regulatory capital
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes
Excess
Leverage Capital
Amount
$3,285,870
1,701,174
$1,584,696
Ratio
7.73%
4.00
3.73%
Tier 1
Amount Ratio
$3,285,870 12.02%
Total
Amount Ratio
$3,461,741 12.66%
1,093,835
$2,192,035
4.00
8.02%
2,187,669
$1,274,072
8.00
4.66%
Risk-Based Capital
At December 31, 2013
(dollars in thousands)
Total regulatory capital
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes
Excess
Leverage Capital
Amount
$3,196,870
1,627,696
$1,569,174
Ratio
7.86%
4.00
3.86%
Tier 1
Amount Ratio
$3,196,870 12.22%
Total
Amount Ratio
$3,391,944 12.96%
1,046,793
$2,150,077
4.00
8.22%
2,093,586
$1,298,358
8.00
4.96%
Risk-Based Capital
The following tables present the actual capital amounts and ratios for the Commercial Bank at December 31,
2014 and 2013 in comparison to the minimum amounts and ratios required for capital adequacy purposes:
At December 31, 2014
(dollars in thousands)
Total regulatory capital
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes
Excess
Leverage Capital
Ratio
Amount
9.25%
$364,591
4.00
157,599
5.25%
$206,992
Tier 1
Amount Ratio
12.08%
$364,591
4.00
120,755
8.08%
$243,836
Total
Amount Ratio
$376,538 12.47%
241,509
$135,029
8.00
4.47%
Risk-Based Capital
At December 31, 2013
(dollars in thousands)
Total regulatory capital
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes
Excess
Leverage Capital
Amount
Ratio
$354,423 11.49%
123,393
$231,030
4.00
7.49%
Tier 1
Amount Ratio
$354,423 14.84%
95,517
4.00
$258,906 10.84%
Total
Amount Ratio
$366,076 15.33%
191,033
$175,043
8.00
7.33%
Risk-Based Capital
NOTE 19: SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company’s operations are divided into two reportable business segments: Banking Operations and
Residential Mortgage Banking. These operating segments have been identified based on the Company’s
organizational structure. The segments require unique technology and marketing strategies, and offer different
products and services. While the Company is managed as an integrated organization, individual executive managers
are held accountable for the operations of these business segments.
The Company measures and presents information for internal reporting purposes in a variety of ways. The
internal reporting system presently used by management in the planning and measurement of operating activities,
and to which most managers are held accountable, is based on organizational structure.
The management accounting process uses various estimates and allocation methodologies to measure the
performance of the operating segments. To determine financial performance for each segment, the Company
allocates capital, funding charges and credits, certain non-interest expenses, and income tax provisions to each
segment, as applicable. Allocation methodologies are subject to periodic adjustment as the internal management
159
accounting system is revised and/or as business or product lines within the segments change. In addition, because
the development and application of these methodologies is a dynamic process, the financial results presented may be
periodically revised.
The Company seeks to maximize shareholder value by, among other means, optimizing the return on
stockholders’ equity and managing risk. Capital is assigned to each segment, the combination of which is equivalent
to the Company’s consolidated total, on an economic basis, using management’s assessment of the inherent risks
associated with the segment. Capital allocations are made to cover the following risk categories: credit risk, liquidity
risk, interest rate risk, option risk, basis risk, market risk, and operational risk.
The Company allocates expenses to the reportable segments based on various factors, including the volume
and amount of loans produced and the number of full-time equivalent employees. Income taxes are allocated to the
various segments based on taxable income and statutory rates applicable to the segment.
Banking Operations Segment
The Banking Operations segment serves consumers and businesses by offering and servicing a variety of loan
and deposit products and other financial services.
Residential Mortgage Banking Segment
The Residential Mortgage Banking segment originates, aggregates, sells, and services one-to-four family
mortgage loans. Mortgage loan products consist primarily of agency-conforming fixed- and adjustable-rate loans
and, to a lesser extent, jumbo hybrid loans, for the purpose of purchasing or refinancing one-to-four family homes.
The Residential Mortgage Banking segment earns interest on loans held in the warehouse and non-interest income
from the origination and servicing of loans. It also recognizes gains or losses on the sale of such loans.
The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s segment results for the years ended December 31,
2014 and 2013, on an internally managed accounting basis:
(in thousands)
Net interest income
Recoveries of loan losses
Non-Interest Income:
Third party(1)
Inter-segment
Total non-interest income
Non-interest expense(2)
Income before income tax expense
Income tax expense
Net income
Identifiable segment assets (period-end)
(1) Includes ancillary fee income.
(2) Includes both direct and indirect expenses.
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
Residential
Mortgage Banking
$ 14,191
--
Banking
Operations
$ 1,126,162
(18,587)
Total
Company
$ 1,140,353
(18,587)
135,834
(13,521)
122,313
528,436
738,626
274,179
$
464,447
$47,897,672
65,759
13,521
79,280
59,031
34,440
13,490
$ 20,950
$ 661,545
201,593
--
201,593
587,467
773,066
287,669
$
485,397
$48,559,217
160
(in thousands)
Net interest income
Provisions for loan losses
Non-Interest Income:
Third party(1)
Inter-segment
Total non-interest income
Non-interest expense(2)
Income before income tax expense
Income tax expense
Net income
Identifiable segment assets (period-end)
(1) Includes ancillary fee income.
(2) Includes both direct and indirect expenses.
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2013
Residential
Banking
Mortgage Banking
Operations
$ 21,796
$ 1,144,820
--
30,758
Total
Company
$ 1,166,616
30,758
137,534
(16,607)
120,927
533,951
701,038
254,738
446,300
$
$46,015,332
81,296
16,607
97,903
73,611
46,088
16,841
$ 29,247
$ 672,955
218,830
--
218,830
607,562
747,126
271,579
475,547
$
$ 46,688,287
161
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.:
We have audited New York Community Bancorp, Inc.’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting
as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992) issued by
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is
responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on
Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit
included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the
assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the
circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may
deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting
as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992) issued by
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States), the consolidated statements of condition of the Company as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related
consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for
each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2014, and our report dated March 2, 2015 expressed
an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
New York, New York
March 2, 2015
162
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of condition of New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of
income and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 2014. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements
based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the
financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the results of their operations and their
cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria
established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 2, 2015 expressed an unqualified
opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
New York, New York
March 2, 2015
163
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision, and with the participation, of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
our management evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and
procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b), as adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of
the end of the period covered by this annual report.
Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that
information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is
recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that
information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is
accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting. Our system of internal control is designed under the supervision of management, including our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our
financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external reporting purposes in
accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).
Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of assets; provide
reasonable assurances that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are made only in accordance with the authorization of
management and the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Banks; and provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets
that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect
misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls
may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with policies and
procedures may deteriorate.
As of December 31, 2014, management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting based upon the framework established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based upon its
assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2014 was effective using this criteria.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 has
been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s
consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2014, as stated in their report, included
in Item 8 on the preceding page, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014.
(c) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter to which this report
relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting.
164
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information regarding our directors, executive officers, and corporate governance appears in our Proxy
Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 3, 2015 (hereafter referred to as our “2015
Proxy Statement”) under the captions “Information with Respect to Nominees, Continuing Directors, and Executive
Officers,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” “Meetings and Committees of the Board of
Directors,” and “Corporate Governance,” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
A copy of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief
Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer as officers of the Company, and all other
senior financial officers of the Company designated by the Chief Executive Officer from time to time, is available at
the Investor Relations portion of our websites, www.myNYCB.com, www.NewYorkCommercialBank.com, and
www.NYCBfamily.com, and will be provided, without charge, upon written request to the Corporate Secretary at
615 Merrick Avenue, Westbury, NY 11590.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information regarding executive compensation appears in our 2015 Proxy Statement under the captions
“Compensation Committee Report,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,”
“Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Executive Compensation and Related Information,” and “Director
Compensation,” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
ITEM 12.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table provides information regarding the Company’s equity compensation plans at December
31, 2014:
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants, and rights
Weighted-average exercise
price of outstanding
options, warrants, and
rights
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
(a)
(b)
(c)
58,560
--
58,560
$18.04
--
$18.04
14,480,253
--
14,480,253
Plan category
Equity compensation plans
approved by security holders
Equity compensation plans not
approved by security holders
Total
Information relating to the security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management appears in our
2015 Proxy Statement under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and “Information with
Respect to Nominees, Continuing Directors, and Executive Officers.”
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR
INDEPENDENCE
Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions appears in our 2015 Proxy Statement
under the captions “Transactions with Certain Related Persons” and “Corporate Governance,” and is incorporated
herein by this reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information regarding principal accountant fees and services appears in our 2015 Proxy Statement under the
caption “Audit and Non-Audit Fees,” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
165
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Documents Filed As Part of This Report
1. Financial Statements
The following are incorporated by reference from Item 8 hereof:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm;
Consolidated Statements of Condition at December 31, 2014 and 2013;
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 2014;
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 2014;
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended
December 31, 2014; and
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The following are incorporated by reference from Item 9A hereof:
• Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting; and
•
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
2. Financial Statement Schedules
Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or because the required
information is provided in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
3. Exhibits Required by Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-K
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Form 10-K and this list includes the Exhibit Index.
Exhibit No.
3.1
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (1)
3.2
3.3
4.1
4.2
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
10.12
Certificates of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (2)
Amended and Restated Bylaws (3)
Specimen Stock Certificate (4)
Registrant will furnish, upon request, copies of all instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term
debt instruments of the registrant and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Form of Employment Agreement between New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and Joseph R. Ficalora,
Robert Wann, Thomas R. Cangemi, James J. Carpenter, and John J. Pinto (5)
Retirement Agreement between New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and Michael F. Manzulli (6)
Retirement Agreement between New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and James J. O’Donovan (6)
Synergy Financial Group, Inc. 2004 Stock Option Plan (as assumed by New York Community Bancorp,
Inc. effective October 1, 2007) (7)
Form of Change in Control Agreements among the Company, the Bank, and Certain Officers (8)
Form of Queens County Savings Bank Employee Severance Compensation Plan (8)
Form of Queens County Savings Bank Outside Directors’ Consultation and Retirement Plan (8)
Form of Queens County Bancorp, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan and Trust (8)
Incentive Savings Plan of Queens County Savings Bank (9)
Retirement Plan of Queens County Savings Bank (8)
Supplemental Benefit Plan of Queens County Savings Bank (10)
Excess Retirement Benefits Plan of Queens County Savings Bank (8)
166
10.13 Queens County Savings Bank Directors’ Deferred Fee Stock Unit Plan (8)
10.14 Richmond County Financial Corp. 1998 Stock Compensation Plan (11)
10.15 Long Island Financial Corp. 1998 Stock Option Plan, as amended (12)
10.16 New York Community Bancorp, Inc. Management Incentive Compensation Plan (13)
10.17 New York Community Bancorp, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (13)
10.18 New York Community Bancorp, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan (14)
11.0
12.0
21.0
23.0
31.1
Statement Re: Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges (attached hereto)
Subsidiaries information incorporated herein by reference to Part I, “Subsidiaries”
Consent of KPMG LLP, dated March 2, 2015 (attached hereto)
Statement Re: Computation of Per Share Earnings (See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.)
31.2
32.0
101
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached hereto)
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached hereto)
Section 1350 Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company in
accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached hereto)
The following materials from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2014, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements
of Condition, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated
Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 2001 (File No. 0-22278)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2003 (File No. 1-31565)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on May 6, 2014
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1,
Registration No. 33-66852
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 9, 2006
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 2007 (File No. 001-31565)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to Form S-8, Registration Statement filed on October 4, 2007,
Registration No. 333-146512
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1,
Registration No. 33-66852
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to Form S-8, Registration Statement filed on October 27, 1994,
Registration No. 33-85682
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the 1995 Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Shareholders held on April 19, 1995
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to Form S-8, Registration Statement filed on July 31, 2001,
Registration No. 333-66366
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to Form S-8, Registration Statement filed on January 9, 2006,
Registration No. 333-130908
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the 2006 Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Shareholders held on June 7, 2006
Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the 2012 Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Shareholders held on June 7, 2012
167
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
March 2, 2015
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
(Registrant)
/s/ Joseph R. Ficalora
Joseph R. Ficalora
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the
following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
/s/ Thomas R. Cangemi
Thomas R. Cangemi
Senior Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Maureen E. Clancy
Maureen E. Clancy
Director
/s/ Max L. Kupferberg
Max L. Kupferberg
Director
/s/ James J. O’Donovan
James J. O’Donovan
Director
/s/ Ronald A Rosenfeld
Ronald A. Rosenfeld
Director
/s/ John M. Tsimbinos
John M. Tsimbinos
Director
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
/s/ Joseph R. Ficalora
Joseph R. Ficalora
President, Chief Executive Officer,
and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ John J. Pinto
John J. Pinto
Executive Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ Dominick Ciampa
Dominick Ciampa
Chairman of the Board of Directors
/s/ Hanif W. Dahya
Hanif W. Dahya
Director
/s/ Michael J. Levine
Michael J. Levine
Director
/s/ Lawrence Rosano, Jr.
Lawrence Rosano, Jr.
Director
/s/ Lawrence J. Savarese
Lawrence J. Savarese
Director
/s/ Robert Wann
Robert Wann
Senior Executive Vice President, Chief
Operating Officer, and Director
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
3/2/15
168
STATEMENT RE: RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
EXHIBIT 12.0
(dollars in thousands)
Including Interest Paid on Deposits:
Earnings before income taxes
Combined fixed charges:
Interest expense on deposits
Interest expense on borrowed funds
Appropriate portion (1/3) of rent expenses
Total fixed charges
Earnings before income taxes and fixed charges
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
Excluding Interest Paid on Deposits:
Earnings before income taxes
Combined fixed charges:
Interest expense on borrowed funds
Appropriate portion (1/3) of rent expenses
Total fixed charges
Earnings before income taxes and fixed charges
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
Years Ended December 31,
2013
2014
2012
$ 773,066
$ 747,126
$ 780,909
149,746
392,968
12,000
$ 554,714
$1,327,780
2.39x
141,639
399,843
11,676
$ 553,158
$1,300,284
2.35x
144,166
486,914
11,282
$ 642,362
$1,423,271
2.22x
$ 773,066
$ 747,126
$ 780,909
392,968
12,000
$ 404,968
$1,178,034
2.91x
399,843
11,676
$ 411,519
$1,158,645
2.82x
486,914
11,282
$ 498,196
$1,279,105
2.57x
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
EXHIBIT 23.0
The Board of Directors
New York Community Bancorp, Inc.:
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 333-182334, 333-146512, 333-
135279, 333-130908, 333-110361, 333-105901, 333-89826, 333-66366, 333-51988, and 333-32881) on Form S-8
and the registration statements (Nos. 333-188181, 333-188178, 333-129338, 333-105350, 333-100767, 333-86682,
333-150442, 333-152147, and 333-166080) on Form S-3 of New York Community Bancorp, Inc. of our reports
dated March 2, 2015, with respect to the consolidated statements of condition of New York Community Bancorp,
Inc. as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive
income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended
December 31, 2014, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014,
which reports appear in the December 31, 2014 annual report on Form 10-K of New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
New York, New York
March 2, 2015
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
CERTIFICATIONS
EXHIBIT 31.1
I, Joseph R. Ficalora, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of New York Community Bancorp, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as
of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared;
b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles;
c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control
over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of
directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process,
summarize and report financial information; and
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
DATE: March 2, 2015
BY: /s/ Joseph R. Ficalora
Joseph R. Ficalora
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer)
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
CERTIFICATIONS
EXHIBIT 31.2
I, Thomas R. Cangemi, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of New York Community Bancorp, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as
of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared;
b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles;
c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control
over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of
directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process,
summarize and report financial information; and
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
DATE: March 2, 2015
BY: /s/ Thomas R. Cangemi
Thomas R. Cangemi
Senior Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
EXHIBIT 32.0
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADDED BY
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of New York Community Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), the
undersigned certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as added by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, that:
1.
2.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934; and
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial
condition and results of operations of the Company as of and for the period covered by the Report.
DATE: March 2, 2015
DATE: March 2, 2015
BY: /s/ Joseph R. Ficalora
Joseph R. Ficalora
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer)
BY:
/s/ Thomas R. Cangemi
Thomas R. Cangemi
Senior Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.
615 MERRICK AVENUE, WESTBURY, NEW YORK 11590
www.myNYCB.com
ir@myNYCB.com
(516) 683 - 4420
2014 ANNUAL REPORT